Glass container comprising a glass bottom with improved properties

A glass container is provided that includes a tube, a circular bottom, and a longitudinal axis. A curved glass heel extends from an outer end the bottom to the first end of the tube. The two-dimensional distance h(x,y) between a contact plane and the outer surface. The two-dimensional distance is measured in a direction parallel to the axis. The slope magnitude of the outer surface at the given position x,y is given by√{square root over ((dh/dx)2+(dh/dy)2)}.The 75% quantile of values that have been determined for the term√{square root over ((dh/dx)2+(dh/dy)2)}×d1/h(xy)deltafor all given positions x,y within a circular area having a radius of 0.4×d2/2 and that correspond to the centre is less than 4100 μm/mm. The adjacent positions x,y increase stepwise by 200 μm, and h(x,y)delta=h(x,y)max−h(x,y)min, h(x,y)max is a maximum value for h(x,y) and h(x,y)min is a minimum value for h(x,y) being determined in that circular area.

Glass processing device and bottom machine therefor for manufacturing glass containers

A bottom machine is provided for a glass processing device to manufacture glass containers from glass tubes. The bottom machine includes one or a plurality of holding units for holding the glass container or glass tube, with the holding units being mounted so as to rotate around an axis of rotation of the bottom machine in order to convey the glass container or glass tube to various processing positions, a pressure source for supplying a gas flow, a duct system communicating with the pressure source for directing the gas flow to the holding units and for feeding the gas flow into the glass tube or into the glass container, with the duct system being designed to be free of gaps.

Device and method for the production of a flat glass

The present disclosure provides a device and a method with which flat glasses with particularly uniform thickness can be obtained. The methods are drawing methods in which a glass ribbon is drawn. In the method an aperture is used which allows a defined very small slit between the glass ribbon and the aperture also in the case of a change of the position of the glass ribbon.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING GLASS BOTTLES WITH A LOW DELAMINATION TENDENCY UNDER THE EFFECT OF A PURGE GAS FLOW

In a method for producing glass bottles having a flat base and an opposite filling opening, the base of the glass bottles is further formed at a plurality of processing positions. During the entire further forming of the base, with the aid of a purge gas which by way of the filling opening of the glass bottle flows in or out in a centric manner and flows out or in in an eccentric manner, a purge gas flow is generated in the interior of the glass bottle in order for delamination effects to be reduced. A tube or a nozzle serves for blowing in or suctioning out the purge gas. Various geometries and arrangements of the tube or of the nozzle are disclosed. A multiplicity of geometric constellations of the tube diameters and various mass flow settings are disclosed.

Method for producing a ceramizable green glass component, and ceramizable green glass component, and glass ceramic article

A method for producing ceramizable green glass components provided, as well as apparatus for performing such method and ceramizable green glass components producible by such method. The method is a redrawing process in which a preform is heated, in a deformation zone, to a temperature that enables redrawing of the glass. The deformation zone is particularly small, which permits redrawing of the ceramizable green glass bodies while avoiding ceramization during the redrawing. The method provides plate-like or sheet-like green glass components that have a particularly smooth surface.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING A CERAMIZABLE GREEN GLASS COMPONENT, AND CERAMIZABLE GREEN GLASS COMPONENT, AND GLASS CERAMIC ARTICLE

A method for producing ceramizable green glass components provided, as well as apparatus for performing such method and ceramizable green glass components producible by such method. The method is a redrawing process in which a preform is heated, in a deformation zone, to a temperature that enables redrawing of the glass. The deformation zone is particularly small, which permits redrawing of the ceramizable green glass bodies while avoiding ceramization during the redrawing. The method provides plate-like or sheet-like green glass components that have a particularly smooth surface. 1. A method for producing a glass ceramic article , comprising the steps of:preparing a glass melt of ceramizable glass;producing, from the glass melt, a ceramizable green glass body as a preform, wherein the preform is substantially unceramized;providing the preform to a redrawing apparatus;heating at least a portion of the preform;redrawing the preform into a ceramizable green glass component, wherein the ceramizable green glass component has a crystalline content of less than 20 vol %.2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the crystalline content is less than 10 vol %.3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ceramizable green glass component has a crystalline content of less than 2.5 vol %.4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the preform has a plate-like or sheet-like shape with a thickness D claim 1 , a width B claim 1 , and a length L claim 1 , and wherein the green glass component has a plate-like or sheet-like or strip-like shape with a thickness d claim 1 , a width b claim 1 , and a length l claim 1 , and wherein a width-to-thickness ratio changes due to the redrawing.5. The method as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the redrawing develops a deformation zone that has a height H of not more than 50*D claim 4 , the deformation zone being a portion of the preform having a thickness between 0.95*D and 1.05*d.6. The method as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the height ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THICKNESS CONTROL OF A MATERIAL RIBBON

A flexible method of controlling the thickness of a material ribbon, in particular a glass ribbon, as well as an apparatus to implement such a method. To this end, a material in a heated and softened state is drawn into a ribbon and is then cooled down. During the forming process during which the ribbon is formed and drawn, the material is heated. During the forming process thermal energy at least partially in the form of thermal radiation that is emitted from a surface of a heated heating element. that is located opposite the material, is supplied to the material. Heating of heating element occurs at least partially through the energy of a laser beam that is directed onto heating element, thereby locally heating the heating element. 1. A method for the manufacture of a material ribbon , comprising the steps of:drawing a material in a heated and softened state into the material ribbon in a forming process of the material ribbon, and cooling down the material ribbon;heating the material during the forming process by supplying to the material a thermal energy which is at least partially in the form of a thermal radiation from a heated heating element, the heating element has a surface for emitting the thermal radiation that is located opposite the material; andheating the heating element at least partially through an energy of a laser beam that is directed onto the heating element for locally heating the heating element.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heating element is additionally at least one of heated electrically and with a burner.3. The method of claim 1 , further including a step of moving the laser beam in a direction transversely to a longitudinal direction of the material ribbon claim 1 , so that the energy of the laser beam distributes itself on the heating element in the direction transversely to the longitudinal direction of material ribbon.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a distance of the surface of the heating element facing the material ...

Method and apparatus for shaping a glass workpiece with minimal lubrication

An apparatus for shaping a workpiece made of glass using minimum lubrication is provided. The apparatus includes device for heating the workpiece, a shaping station with at least one forming tool for shaping the workpiece, and at least one spray nozzle for applying an oil as a lubricant onto the surface of the forming tool. The forming tool exhibits heat dissipation such that the temperature on the contact surface of the forming tool during the shaping process is kept below 300° C. The amount of oil dispensed by the spray nozzle per forming step and application instance is less than 0.1 g.

Bottom forming process

A process for preparing a glass container that includes: providing a glass tube with a first portion, a second portion, and a longitudinal axis (Ltube); holding the first portion in a first clamping chuck and the second portion in a second clamping chuck; rotating the glass tube around the longitudinal axis (Ltube); heating, via a heater, the glass tube above a glass transition temperature; separating the first and second portions from one another by pulling apart along the longitudinal axis (Ltube) while the heated glass tube is still rotating by moving the first and the second chucks away from each other; and moving the heater, while moving the first and second chucks away from each other, so that the heater follows a mass that remains at a circular end region of the first and/or second portion.

GLASS CONTAINER COMPRISING A GLASS BOTTOM WITH IMPROVED PROPERTIES

A glass container is provided that includes a tube, a circular bottom, and a longitudinal axis. A curved glass heel extends from an outer end the bottom to the first end of the tube. The outer surface has a topography defined by a function ĥ(x) that is an azimuthal average of a distance between a contact plane and the outer surface at any given position located on a circle having the centre and the radius |x|. The values ĥ for ĥ(x) are determined for a plurality of circles the radius of which increases stepwise by 500 μm starting with a circle around the centre having a radius of 500 μm. The values ĥ are determined in a range from x=−0.4×d2 to x=+0.4×d2, d having a size such that at least 4 values ĥ are determined and can be fitted with a curvature function 2. The glass container of claim 1 , wherein the relative standard deviation error Δc/c is less than 0.08.3. The glass container of claim 1 , wherein the relative standard deviation error Δc/c is less than 0.04.422. The glass container of claim 1 , wherein the individual values ĥ have been determined in a range from x=0.6×d/2 to x=+0.6×d/2 and the relative standard deviation error Δc/c is less than 0.1.5. The glass container of claim 4 , wherein the relative standard deviation error Δc/c is less than 0.08.6. The glass container of claim 4 , wherein the relative standard deviation error Δc/c is less than 0.04.722. The glass container of claim 1 , wherein the individual values ĥ have been determined in a range from x=−0.8×d/2 to x=+0.8×d/2 the relative standard deviation error Δc/c is less than 0.1.8. The glass container of claim 7 , wherein the relative standard deviation error Δc/c is less than 0.08.9. The glass container of claim 7 , wherein the relative standard deviation error Δc/c is less than 0.04.11. The glass container of claim 10 , wherein the peak to valley difference is less than 40 waves.13. The glass container of claim 12 , wherein the azimuthal peak to valley difference is less than 40 waves.17. The ...

Method and apparatus for thickness control of a material ribbon

A flexible method of controlling the thickness of a material ribbon, in particular a glass ribbon, as well as an apparatus to implement such a method. To this end, a material in a heated and softened state is drawn into a ribbon and is then cooled down. During the forming process during which the ribbon is formed and drawn, the material is heated. During the forming process thermal energy at least partially in the form of thermal radiation that is emitted from a surface of a heated heating element. that is located opposite the material, is supplied to the material. Heating of heating element occurs at least partially through the energy of a laser beam that is directed onto heating element, thereby locally heating the heating element.

GLASS PROCESSING DEVICE AND BOTTOM MACHINE THEREFOR FOR MANUFACTURING GLASS CONTAINERS

A bottom machine is provided for a glass processing device to manufacture glass containers from glass tubes. The bottom machine includes one or a plurality of holding units for holding the glass container or glass tube, with the holding units being mounted so as to rotate around an axis of rotation of the bottom machine in order to convey the glass container or glass tube to various processing positions, a pressure source for supplying a gas flow, a duct system communicating with the pressure source for directing the gas flow to the holding units and for feeding the gas flow into the glass tube or into the glass container, with the duct system being designed to be free of gaps. 1. A bottom machine for a glass processing device for manufacturing glass containers from a glass tube , comprising:one or a plurality of holding units for holding the glass container or the glass tube, with the holding units being mounted so as to rotate around their own axis and around an axis of rotation of the bottom machine in order to convey the glass container or the glass tube to various processing positions,a pressure source for supply of a gas flow,a duct system communicating with the pressure source for directing the gas flow to the holding units and for feeding the gas flow into the glass tube or into the glass container,wherein the duct system is free of gaps.2. The bottom machine according to claim 1 , further comprising a rotor and a stator claim 1 , with the holding units being arranged on the rotor and the duct system having a first number of subducts arranged on a rotor section and a second number of subducts arranged on a stator section claim 1 , and a feedthrough section for the gap-free directing of the gas flow from the stator section to the rotor section.3. The bottom machine according to claim 2 , wherein the stator and the rotor are designed such that they form a gap seal in the feedthrough section for sealing the duct system.4. The bottom machine according to claim 3 ...

GLASS PROCESSING DEVICE AND BOTTOM MACHINE THEREFOR FOR MANUFACTURING GLASS CONTAINERS

A bottom machine is provided for a glass processing device to manufacture glass containers from glass tubes. The bottom machine includes one or a plurality of holding units for holding the glass container or glass tube, with the holding units being mounted so as to rotate around an axis of rotation of the bottom machine in order to convey the glass container or glass tube to various processing positions, a pressure source for supplying a gas flow, a duct system communicating with the pressure source for directing the gas flow to the holding units and for feeding the gas flow into the glass tube or into the glass container, with the duct system being designed to be free of gaps.

Method and device for blank pressing glass bodies

The device for blank pressing glass bodies includes a first rotary indexing table with preforms for forming parisons from glass gobs; a second rotary indexing table having pressing molds and pressing tools for pressing the parisons into final form after formation in the preforms; and a device for shifting the first rotary indexing table relative to the second rotary indexing table so that each preform is positionable in a transfer position between a pressing tool and a pressing mold. Each preform is mounted on the first rotary indexing table by a indexable mount for holding it in a first horizontal position or in a second position pivoted away from the first position, so that, when a preform is in the transfer position, the indexable mount can be pivoted, so that a parison in it drops into the pressing mold for pressing by the pressing tool.

LAMINATED, TRANSPARENT SET OF PANES, PROCESS FOR PRODUCING AND BENDING SAME, AND USE THEREOF

Laminated, transparent set of panes made of brittle materials and interleaved laminated films, wherein the brittle materials are various glasses, special glasses, glass-ceramics, transparent ceramics and crystalline materials, process for producing and bending the set of panes and films, and its use thereof, as a bulletproof, unbreakable and shockproof glazing with a low weight per unit area.

BOTTOM FORMING PROCESS

A process for preparing a glass container that includes: providing a glass tube with a first portion, a second portion, and a longitudinal axis (L); holding the first portion in a first clamping chuck and the second portion in a second clamping chuck; rotating the glass tube around the longitudinal axis (L); heating, via a heater, the glass tube above a glass transition temperature; separating the first and second portions from one another by pulling apart along the longitudinal axis (L) while the heated glass tube is still rotating by moving the first and the second chucks away from each other; and moving the heater, while moving the first and second chucks away from each other, so that the heater follows a mass that remains at a circular end region of the first and/or second portion. 1. A process for the preparation of a glass container from a glass tube , comprising the steps of:{'sub': 'tube', 'providing a glass tube with a first portion, a second portion, and a longitudinal axis (L) that passes through a centre of the glass tube;'}holding the first portion in a first clamping chuck and the second portion in a second clamping chuck;{'sub': 'tube', 'rotating the glass tube around the longitudinal axis (L) while the glass tube is held in the first and second clamping chucks;'}{'sub': 'tube', 'heating the glass tube, via at least one heater, between the first and second portions to a temperature above a glass transition temperature while the glass tube is rotating around the longitudinal axis (L);'}{'sub': tube', 'tube, 'separating the first and second portions from one another by pulling apart in a direction along the longitudinal axis (L) while the heated glass tube is still rotating around the longitudinal axis (L) by moving the first and second clamping chucks away from each other; and'}{'sub': tube', 'tube, 'moving the at least one heater, while moving the first and second clamping chucks, along the longitudinal axis (L) so that the at least one heater follows ...

Method for producing a glass article

A process for producing a glass article is provided that includes, in order, a first process step in which a surface of the glass article has a temperature of at least 400° C. for at least some of the time, a second process step in which the surface of the glass article has a temperature of more than 10° C. and less than 100° C. and the surface is brought into contact with water or water vapor and the surface of the glass article is supplied with an amount of water which corresponds to a water layer thickness of from 1 to 100 μm, and a third process step in which the glass article is processed further with contact of the surface with foreign materials or other glass articles.

GLASS CONTAINER COMPRISING A GLASS BOTTOM WITH IMPROVED PROPERTIES

A glass container is provided that includes a tube, a circular bottom, and a longitudinal axis. A curved glass heel extends from an outer end the bottom to the first end of the tube. The two-dimensional distance h(x,y) between a contact plane and the outer surface. The two-dimensional distance is measured in a direction parallel to the axis. The slope magnitude of the outer surface at the given position x,y is given by 42. The glass container of claim 1 , wherein the radius is 0.6×d/2.72. The glass container of claim 1 , wherein the radius is 0.8×d/2.11. The glass container of claim 10 , wherein the peak to valley difference is less than 40 waves.13. The glass container of claim 12 , wherein the azimuthal peak to valley difference is less than 40 waves.1522. The glass container of claim 14 , wherein the individual values h have been determined in a range from x=−0.6×d/2 to x=+0.6×d/2 and the relative standard deviation error Δc/c is less than 0.1.1622. The glass container of claim 14 , wherein the individual values ĥ have been determined in a range from x=−0.8×d/2 to x=+0.8×d/2 and the relative standard deviation error Δc/c is less than 0.1.17. The glass container of claim 1 , wherein for any cut surface of the circular glass bottom that is obtainable by cutting the circular glass bottom in a plane that includes the longitudinal axis (L) a condition is fulfilled that comprises:{'br': None, 'i': s', '/s', 's', '/s, 'sub': max', 'max', 'min, '21×(22−1)≤1.1'}{'b': '2', 'sub': 'max', 'wherein scorresponds to a maximum glass thickness of the circular glass bottom,'}{'b': '2', 'sub': 'min', 'wherein scorresponds to a minimum glass thickness of the circular glass bottom,'}{'b': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'sub': max', 'min, 'wherein sand sare determined within a given cut surface within the range from x=−0.4×d/2 to x=+0.4×d/2, and'}{'b': 2', '2, 'sub': min', 'max', 'tube, 'wherein sand sare both measured in a direction that is parallel to the longitudinal axis (L).'}182222. The ...

Lighting device with lens, and manufacturing process for making the same

A lens is disclosed for lighting purposes suited in particular as a lens for a poly-ellipsoid reflector headlamp for imaging the light emitted by a light source and reflected by a poly-ellipsoid reflector for the purpose of producing a predetermined lighting pattern. At least one of the two lens surfaces comprises areas having different optical scattering effects which areas are configured as zones that are transferred from a mold to the surface by a hot-pressing process.

Glass film with specially formed edge, method for producing same, and use thereof

A method for producing a glass film is provided. The method includes: heating a portion of a glass preform so that in the heated portion the glass has a viscosity of less than 109 dPa·s, or drawing a glass from a melt; withdrawing the glass using a drawing device, wherein in case of drawing from a preform the drawn glass film is thinner than the glass preform; heating at least one point by means of a laser, the point being located in an edge region of the drawn glass film that is being formed by withdrawing the glass, wherein at the site of the laser focus the glass has a viscosity of not more than 109 dPa·s before the laser is switched on and wherein heating is performed in such a manner that at least one notch is provided in parallel to the drawing direction.

Device for blank pressing optical glass bodies

The device for blank pressing glass bodies includes a first rotary indexing table with preforms for forming parisons from glass gobs; a second rotary indexing table having pressing molds and pressing tools for pressing the parisons into final form after formation in the preforms; and a device for shifting the first rotary indexing table relative to the second rotary indexing table so that each preform is positionable in a transfer position between a pressing tool and a pressing mold. Each preform is mounted on the first rotary indexing table by a indexable mount for holding it in a first horizontal position or in a second position pivoted away from the first position, so that, when a preform is in the transfer position, the indexable mount can be pivoted, so that a parison in it drops into the pressing mold for pressing by the pressing tool.

Glass processing device and bottom machine therefor for manufacturing glass containers

A bottom machine is provided for a glass processing device to manufacture glass containers from glass tubes. The bottom machine includes one or a plurality of holding units for holding the glass container or glass tube, with the holding units being mounted so as to rotate around an axis of rotation of the bottom machine in order to convey the glass container or glass tube to various processing positions, a pressure source for supplying a gas flow, a duct system communicating with the pressure source for directing the gas flow to the holding units and for feeding the gas flow into the glass tube or into the glass container, with the duct system being designed to be free of gaps.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SHAPING A GLASS WORKPIECE WITH MINIMAL LUBRICATION

An apparatus for shaping a workpiece made of glass using minimum lubrication is provided. The apparatus includes device for heating the workpiece, a shaping station with at least one forming tool for shaping the workpiece, and at least one spray nozzle for applying an oil as a lubricant onto the surface of the forming tool. The forming tool exhibits heat dissipation such that the temperature on the contact surface of the forming tool during the shaping process is kept below 300° C. The amount of oil dispensed by the spray nozzle per forming step and application instance is less than 0.1 g. 1. An apparatus for shaping a workpiece made of glass , comprising:a heating device configured to heat the workpiece;a shaping station with a forming tool, the forming tool having a contact surface that is configured to shape the workpiece, the forming tool is configures with a heat dissipation such that a temperature of the contact surface during shaping of the workpiece is below 300° C.; anda spray nozzle configured to apply an oil as a lubricant onto the contact surface of the forming tool, wherein the spray nozzle is configured and controlled, per shaping process, to dispense an amount of the oil that is less than 0.1 grams and provide a full-surface covering layer on the shaping surface.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the forming tool comprises an inner forming tool and an outer forming tool claim 1 , the inner forming tool having an inner contact surface configured to shape an inner lateral surface of the workpiece claim 1 , and the outer forming tool having an outer lateral surface configured to shape an outer lateral surface of the workpiece.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the inner forming tool is a mandrel.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the spray nozzle is configured and controlled to apply the oil to the contact surface in intermediate clock cycles of the shaping process.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the spray nozzle is configured and ...

GLASS FILM WITH SPECIALLY FORMED EDGE, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, AND USE THEREOF

A method for producing a glass film is provided. The method includes: heating a portion of a glass preform so that in the heated portion the glass has a viscosity of less than 10dPa·s, or drawing a glass from a melt; withdrawing the glass using a drawing device, wherein in case of drawing from a preform the drawn glass film is thinner than the glass preform; heating at least one point by means of a laser, the point being located in an edge region of the drawn glass film that is being formed by withdrawing the glass, wherein at the site of the laser focus the glass has a viscosity of not more than 10dPa·s before the laser is switched on and wherein heating is performed in such a manner that at least one notch is provided in parallel to the drawing direction. 1. A method for producing a glass film having at least one stepped longitudinal edge , comprising the steps of:{'sup': '9', 'drawing a glass film having a heated portion with a viscosity of less than 10dPa·s so that a drawn glass film is thinner than the glass film; and'}{'sup': '9', 'heating the drawn glass film, via a laser, at least at one additional point, the at least one additional point being located in an edge region of the drawn glass film, wherein the drawn glass film has a viscosity at a site of laser focus of not more than 10dPa·s before the laser is switched on and wherein the heating is sufficient form a notch at the at least one additional point, the notch being parallel to a drawing direction.'}2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the glass film is a glass film preform claim 1 , the method further comprising the step of heating a portion of the glass film preform so that the heated portion has the viscosity of less than 10dPa·s.3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the step of drawing the glass film comprises drawing the glass film directly from a glass melt.4. The method as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the step of drawing the glass film directly from the glass melt comprises a ...

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A FLAT GLASS

The present disclosure provides a device and a method with which flat glasses with particularly uniform thickness can be obtained. The methods are drawing methods in which a glass ribbon is drawn. In the method an aperture is used which allows a defined very small slit between the glass ribbon and the aperture also in the case of a change of the position of the glass ribbon. 1. A method for the production of a flat glass with at least two fire-polished surfaces , comprising the steps of:passing a glass through a forming device that has a first region, wherein the glass is at a transformation temperature Tg of the glass in the first region;{'sub': 'a', 'passing the glass through a second region of the forming device, wherein in the second region, the glass is at a temperature that is within a temperature range that encompasses a processing temperature Vof the glass; and'}passing the glass through a faceplate of the forming device, wherein the faceplate is between the first region and the second region, wherein the faceplate thermally separates the first region and the second region,wherein the glass has four sides, and the faceplate comprises projections that contact the glass on at least one point on each of at least two sides of the glass.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the faceplate comprises distance sections that do not touch the glass and form a slit between the glass and the distance sections the faceplate claim 1 , wherein a width of the slit is at most 5 mm.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method is a redrawing method claim 1 , a down draw or overflow fusion method.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the forming device further comprises a housing claim 1 , wherein the housing comprises a glass outlet opening and a glass inlet opening claim 1 , and the faceplate is at the glass outlet opening or the glass inlet opening.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the uniformity of the temperature in the second region is ...

Method for producing a glass article

A process for producing a glass article is provided that includes, in order, a first process step in which a surface of the glass article has a temperature of at least 400° C. for at least some of the time, a second process step in which the surface of the glass article has a temperature of more than 10° C. and less than 100° C. and the surface is brought into contact with water or water vapor and the surface of the glass article is supplied with an amount of water which corresponds to a water layer thickness of from 1 to 100 μm, and a third process step in which the glass article is processed further with contact of the surface with foreign materials or other glass articles.

Apparatus and method for producing a flat glass

Es wird eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren beschrieben, mit dem Flachgläser mit besonders gleichmäßiger Dicke erhältlich sind. Die Verfahren sind Ziehverfahren, in denen ein Glasband ausgezogen wird. In dem Verfahren wird eine Blende eingesetzt, die einen definierten, sehr kleinen Spalt zwischen Glasband und Blende auch bei Lageänderung des Glasbandes ermöglicht. A device and a method are described with which flat glasses with particularly uniform thickness are available. The methods are drawing methods in which a glass ribbon is pulled out. In the method, a diaphragm is used, which allows a defined, very small gap between the glass ribbon and aperture even when changing the position of the glass ribbon.

Production of flat glass comprises feeding molten glass onto a tin bath to form a flat glass strip in a furnace, cooling to a removal temperature, lifting the glass strip from the bath, tempering and removing from the furnace

Production of flat glass comprises feeding molten glass (1) onto a tin bath (3) to form a flat glass strip (7) in a furnace (9) under a reducing atmosphere, cooling to a removal temperature, lifting the glass strip from the bath, tempering at the removal temperature under a reducing or inert atmosphere for at least 1 second and removing from the furnace. An independent claim is also included for a device for producing the flat glass.

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A CERAMISABLE RAW GLASS COMPONENT, AS WELL AS A CERAMISABLE RAW GLASS COMPONENT AND A VITROCERAMIC OBJECT

La présente invention concerne un procédé de production de composants en verre cru céramisables, un dispositif pour la mise en œuvre d'un procédé de ce type, ainsi qu'un composant en verre cru céramisable pouvant être fabriqué avec le procédé. Le procédé est un procédé de réétirage lors duquel, dans une zone de déformation, une ébauche est chauffée à une température qui permet le réétirage du verre. Le procédé se caractérise par le fait que la zone de déformation est particulièrement petite. Cela permet de réétirer des corps de verre cru céramisables, sans que la céramisation ne commence déjà au cours du réétirage. Le procédé permet d'obtenir des composants en verre cru en forme de plaques ou de disques qui se caractérisent entre autres par une surface particulièrement lisse. The present invention relates to a method for producing ceramizable green glass components, a device for carrying out such a method, and a ceramizable green glass component which can be produced with the method. The process is a redrawing process in which, in a deformation zone, a blank is heated to a temperature which allows redrawing of the glass. The method is characterized by the fact that the deformation zone is particularly small. This makes it possible to re-stretch ceramizable raw glass bodies, without ceramization already starting during the re-stretching. The process makes it possible to obtain green glass components in the form of plates or discs which are characterized, among other things, by a particularly smooth surface.

METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF A CERAMISABLE RAW GLASS COMPONENT, AS WELL AS CERAMISABLE RAW GLASS COMPONENT AND VITROCERAMIC OBJECT

La présente invention concerne un procédé de production de composants en verre cru céramisables, un dispositif pour la mise en œuvre d'un procédé de ce type, ainsi qu'un composant en verre cru céramisable pouvant être fabriqué avec le procédé. Le procédé est un procédé de réétirage lors duquel, dans une zone de déformation, une ébauche est chauffée à une température qui permet le réétirage du verre. Le procédé se caractérise par le fait que la zone de déformation est particulièrement petite. Cela permet de réétirer des corps de verre cru céramisables, sans que la céramisation ne commence déjà au cours du réétirage. Le procédé permet d'obtenir des composants en verre cru en forme de plaques ou de disques qui se caractérisent entre autres par une surface particulièrement lisse. The present invention relates to a method for producing ceramizable green glass components, a device for carrying out such a method, and a ceramizable green glass component which can be produced with the method. The process is a redrawing process in which, in a deformation zone, a blank is heated to a temperature which allows redrawing of the glass. The method is characterized by the fact that the deformation zone is particularly small. This makes it possible to re-stretch ceramizable raw glass bodies, without ceramization already starting during the re-stretching. The process makes it possible to obtain green glass components in the form of plates or discs which are characterized, among other things, by a particularly smooth surface.

Process for producing a glass article

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Glasartikels umfasst in dieser Reihenfolge einen ersten Prozessschritt A, bei welchem eine Oberfläche des Glasartikels zumindest zeitweise eine Temperatur von wenigstens 400°C aufweist, einen zweiten Prozessschritt B, wobei die Oberfläche des Glasartikels eine Temperatur von mehr als 10°C und weniger als 100°C aufweist und die Oberfläche mit Wasser oder Wasserdampf beaufschlagt wird und wobei der Oberfläche des Glasartikels eine Wassermenge zugeführt wird, welche einer Wasserschichtdicke von 1 bis 100 µm entspricht, und einen dritten Prozessschritt C, wobei der Glasartikel unter Kontakt der Oberfläche mit Fremdmaterialien oder anderen Glasartikeln weiterverarbeitet wird.

Method and device for thickness control of a material band

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht in der Bereitstellung eines flexiblen Verfahrens zur Kontrolle der Dicke eines Glasbandes, sowie einer zur Durchführung eines solchen Verfahrens geeigneten Vorrichtung. Dazu wird ein Material (2) in erwärmten und erweichten Zustand zu einem Band ausgezogen und dann abkühlt, wobei das Material (2) während des Formungsprozesses, in welchem das Band geformt und ausgezogen wird, beheizt wird, wobei dem Material während des Formungsprozesses Wärmeenergie zumindest teilweise in Form von Wärmestrahlung zugeführt wird, welche von der Oberfläche (50) eines beheizten, gegenüber dem Material (2) angeordneten Heizelements (5) abgestrahlt wird. Dabei erfolgt die Beheizung des Heizelements (5) wenigstens teilweise durch die Energie eines Laserstrahls (70), der auf das Heizelement (5) gerichtet ist und das Heizelement (5) lokal aufheizt. The object of the invention is to provide a flexible method for controlling the thickness of a glass ribbon, as well as a device suitable for carrying out such a method. For this purpose, a material (2) is drawn into a band in the heated and softened state and then cooled, wherein the material (2) is heated during the molding process in which the band is formed and drawn, at least thermal energy during the molding process is partially supplied in the form of heat radiation, which is emitted from the surface (50) of a heated, with respect to the material (2) arranged heating element (5). In this case, the heating of the heating element (5) takes place at least partially by the energy of a laser beam (70), which is directed to the heating element (5) and locally heats the heating element (5).

Method for producing a glass article

The invention relates to a method for producing a glass article, which method comprises, in this order, a first process step A, in which a surface of the glass article has a temperature of at least 400°C at least at times, a second process step B, wherein the surface of the glass article has a temperature of more than 10°C and less than 100°C and water or water vapor is applied to the surface and wherein a water amount corresponding to a water layer thickness of 1 to 100 µm is fed to the surface of the glass article, and a third process step C, wherein the glass article is further processed with contact of the surface with foreign materials or other glass articles.

Process for the preparation of a ceramizable green-glass component and ceramizable green-glass component and glass-ceramic article.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von keramisierbaren Grünglaskomponenten, eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung eines solchen Verfahrens sowie eine durch das Verfahren herstellbare keramisierbare Grünglaskomponente. Das Verfahren ist ein Wiederziehverfahren, bei dem in einer Verformungszone eine Vorform auf eine Temperatur erhitzt wird, die ein Wiederziehen des Glases erlaubt. Das Verfahren zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Verformungszone besonders klein ist. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass keramisierbare Grünglaskörper wiedergezogen werden können, ohne dass eine Keramisierung bereits während des Wiederziehen einsetzt. Mit dem Verfahren sind platten- oder scheibenförmige Grünglaskomponenten erhältlich, die sich unter anderem durch eine besonders glatte Oberfläche auszeichnen. The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of ceramizable green-glass components, to an apparatus for carrying out such a process and to a ceramizable green-glass component which can be prepared by the process. The process is a re-entrainment process in which a preform is heated to a temperature in a deformation zone that permits re-drawing of the glass. The method is characterized in that the deformation zone is particularly small. This ensures that ceramizable green glass body can be pulled back without a ceramization already begins during the Wiederziehen. Plate-like or disc-shaped green-glass components are available with the method, which are characterized by, among other things, a particularly smooth surface.

Process for the preparation of a ceramizable green-glass component and ceramizable green-glass component and glass-ceramic article.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von keramisierbaren Grünglaskomponenten, eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung eines solchen Verfahrens sowie eine durch das Verfahren herstellbare keramisierbare Grünglaskomponente. Das Verfahren ist ein Wiederziehverfahren, bei dem in einer Verformungszone eine Vorform auf eine Temperatur erhitzt wird, die ein Wiederziehen des Glases erlaubt. Das Verfahren zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Verformungszone besonders klein ist. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass keramisierbare Grünglaskörper wiedergezogen werden können, ohne dass eine Keramisierung bereits während des Wiederziehens einsetzt. Mit dem Verfahren sind platten- oder scheibenförmige Grünglaskomponenten erhältlich, die sich unter anderem durch eine besonders glatte Oberfläche auszeichnen. The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of ceramizable green-glass components, to an apparatus for carrying out such a process and to a ceramizable green-glass component which can be prepared by the process. The process is a re-entrainment process in which a preform is heated to a temperature in a deformation zone that permits re-drawing of the glass. The method is characterized in that the deformation zone is particularly small. This ensures that ceramizable green glass body can be pulled back without a ceramization already begins during Wiederziehens. Plate-like or disc-shaped green-glass components are available with the method, which are characterized by, among other things, a particularly smooth surface.

Method and device for molding a glass workpiece with minimal lubrication

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Formen eines Werkstücks aus Glas, bei welcher eine Minimalschmierung eingesetzt wird. Hierzu weist die Vorrichtung zumindest eine Einrichtung zum Erwärmen des Werkstücks, eine Formstation mit zumindest einem Formwerkzeug zum Formen des Werkstücks sowie zumindest eine Sprühdüse zum Aufbringen eines Öls als Schmiermittel auf die Oberfläche des Formwerkzeugs auf. Das Formwerkzeug weist hierbei eine Wärmeableitung auf, so dass die Temperatur auf der Kontaktoberfläche des Formwerkzeugs während des Formprozesses unterhalb von 300°C gehalten wird. Pro Formschritt und Auftrag ist die mittels Sprühdüse abgegebene Ölmenge kleiner als 0,1 g.

Process to separate impurities from molten tin in a float bath for the production of float glass

In a process to separate impurities from molten tin in a float bath for the production of float glass, the liquid tin is drained from the bath at a location where the temperature is at least 600[deg] C. The liquid tin is then fed through a settling duct at a speed between 0.0005 cm/s and 0.3 cm/s. The cleaned tin is then returned to the float bath.

Method and device for molding a glass workpiece with minimal lubrication

The invention relates to a device for molding a workpiece made of glass, wherein minimal lubrication is used. For this purpose, the device has at least one device for heating the workpiece, a molding station with at least one molding tool for molding the workpiece, and at least one spray nozzle for applying an oil as a lubricant onto the surface of the molding tool. The molding tool has a heat dissipation such that the temperature on the contact surface of the molding tool during the molding process is kept below 300 °C. For each molding step and task, the oil quantity dispensed by the spray nozzle is less than 0.1 g.

Method for producing a glass article

Method and device for separating contaminants from the bath metal from float glass plants

Verfahren zum Abtrennen von Verunreinigungen aus dem flüssigen Zinn eines Floatbades zur Flachglasherstellung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man flüssiges Zinn dem Floatbad an einer Stelle entnimmt, an der es eine Temperatur von wenigstens 600°C besitzt, anschließend das flüssige Zinn bei einer Temperatur von bis zu 400°C mit einer Geschwindigkeit U Sn von 0,0005 cm s –1 bis 0,3 cm s –1 durch eine Absetzstrecke leitet, deren Länge L in cm 10 2 ·U Sn bis 10 5 ·U Sn beträgt und anschließend das gereinigte Zinn dem Floatbad wieder zuführt. Process for separating impurities from the liquid tin of a float bath for the production of flat glass, characterized in that liquid tin is removed from the float bath at a point at which it has a temperature of at least 600 ° C, then the liquid tin at a temperature of up to 400 ° C at a speed U Sn of 0.0005 cm s -1 to 0.3 cm s -1 passes through a settling section whose length L in cm 10 2 · U Sn to 10 5 · U Sn and then the purified Add tin to the float bath again.

Device and method for the production of a flat glass

The present disclosure provides a device and a method with which flat glasses with particularly uniform thickness can be obtained. The methods are drawing methods in which a glass ribbon is drawn. In the method an aperture is used which allows a defined very small slit between the glass ribbon and the aperture also in the case of a change of the position of the glass ribbon.

conjunto de placas transparentes laminadas,processo para sua produÇço, curvamento e uso do mesmo

CONJUNTO DE PLACAS TRANSPARENTES LAMINADAS, PROCESSO PARA SUA PRODUÇçO E CURVAMENTO E USO DO MESMO. A invenção refere-se a conjunto de placas transparentes laminadas de materiais quebradiços, sendo que quanto aos materiais quebradiços se trata de diferentes vidros, vidros especiais, cerâmicas de vidro, cerâmicas transparentes e materiais cristalinos, a processo para produção e curvamento desses conjuntos de placas e a seu emprego como vidro à prova de golpes e de ruptura, balisticamente seguro.

融液からの結像レンズ系用光学構成部分の製造

【課題】光学構成部分を製造するための、経済性と加工処理可能ガラスの種類とに関して改善された方法提供する。 【解決手段】ガラス融液が割り当てられ、割当てによって保持されたガラス割当て分７が、浮揚支持台５の上に作られた浮揚クッション１５の上に支持され、ガラス割当て分７の粘性は支持中に表面において粘着粘性にまたはそれ以上になるまで冷却され、ガラス割当て分７は内部においては少なくとも部分的に軟化点以下の粘性を有し、ガラス割当て分７はプレス型の中に送られ、プレス型の中でガラス成形される。 【選択図】図１

Verfahren und vorrichtung zum blankpressen von glaskörpern

Es wird ein Verfahren zum Herstellen blankgepresster Glaskörper für optische Ausrüstungen nach der Vorformtechnologie beschrieben, bei der ein flüssiger Glasposten einer Levitations-Preform zugeführt wird, in welcher der Glasposten, ohne die Preformfläche zu berühren, zu einem Vorformling vorgeformt wird, der nach Ablauf einer definierten Zeit an eine separate Pressform übergegeben wird und darin mittels eines Presswerkzeuges in die Endform verpresst wird. Die Übergabe des Vorformlings an die Pressform (2) erfolgt so, dass der Vorformling im freien Fall von der Preform (1) in die Pressform (2) fällt. Es wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Preform (1) zur Übergabe des Glaspostens über die Pressform (2) verfahren wird, in dieser Übergabeposition angehalten und nach unten vom Glasposten weggeschwenkt wird.

Metodo para producir frascos de vidrio con una tendencia de baja delaminacion bajo el efecto de un flujo de gas de purga.

En un método para producir frascos de vidrio que tienen una base plana y una abertura de llenado opuesta, la base de los frascos de vidrio es formada adicionalmente en una pluralidad de posiciones de procesamiento; durante toda la formación adicional de la base, con la ayuda de un gas de purga el cual, a través de la abertura de llenado del frasco de vidrio, fluye dentro o fuera en una manera céntrica y fluye fuera o dentro en una manera excéntrica, se genera un flujo de gas de purga en el interior del frasco de vidrio para reducir los efectos de la delaminación; un tubo o una boquilla sirve para soplar hacia dentro o succionar hacia fuera el gas de purga; se divulgan diversas geometrías y arreglos del tubo o de la boquilla; se divulga una multiplicidad de constelaciones geométricas de los diámetros del tubo y diversos ajustes del flujo de masa.

Verfahren zur Herstellung einer keramisierbaren Grünglaskomponente sowie keramisierbare Grünglaskomponente und Glaskeramikgegenstand

Verfahren zur Herstellung einer keramisierbaren Grünglaskomponente zur Herstellung eines Gegenstands aus Glaskeramik, umfassend die Schritte- Erzeugen einer Glasschmelze aus keramisierbarem Glas,- Erzeugen eines keramisierbaren Grünglaskörpers als Vorform (1) zum Wiederziehen, wobei die Keramisierung noch nicht stattgefunden hat, wobei das Grünglas die folgenden Komponenten in Kat.-% aufweist:Si4+45 bis 65Kristallagonisten:Li+25 bis 40K+0 bis 8Na+0 bis 8Kristallantagonisten :B3+0 bis 5Al3+0 bis 10Zn2+0 bis 4Keimbildner:Ce3+/Ce4+>0 bis 0,3Ag+>0 bis 0,5,- Bereitstellen der Vorform (1) in einer Wiederziehvorrichtung,- Erwärmen zumindest eines Teilabschnittes der Vorform,- Wiederziehen der Vorform zu einer keramisierbaren Grünglaskomponente,wobeidie keramisierbare Grünglaskomponente einen kristallinen Anteil von weniger als 10 Vol.-% und bevorzugt weniger als 5 Vol.-% aufweist, und wobeidie Vorform mit einer konstanten Geschwindigkeit v1nachgeführt wird und die Grünglaskomponente mit einer konstanten Geschwindigkeit v2abgezogen wird, wobei die Verweilzeit der Vorform in der Verformungszone weniger als 10 Minuten, bevorzugt weniger als 5 Minuten, besonders bevorzugt weniger als 1 Minute und ganz besonders bevorzugt weniger 30 s beträgt.

Bottom forming process

Verfahren und vorrichtung zum formen eines gläsernen werkstücks mit minimalschmierung

Beleuchtungseinrichtung mit linse und herstellverfahren für eine solche

Beleuchtungseinrichtung mit Linse und Herstellverfahren für eine solche

Eine Linse für Beleuchtungszwecke (28) ist insbesondere als Linse für einen PES-Scheinwerfer geeignet, um das von einer Lichtquelle ausgesandte und von einem PED-Reflektor reflektierte Licht zur Erzeugung eines vorgegebenen Beleuchtungsmusters abzubilden. Mindestens eine (34) der beiden Linsenoberflächen (34, 36) weist Bereiche (40, 42) mit unterschiedlicher optischer Streuwirkung auf, die als durch einen Heißpressvorgang von einer Form auf die Oberfläche übertragene Bereiche ausgebildet sind (Fig. 4).

método para a produção de garrafas de vidro com baixa tendência de delaminação sob o efeito de um fluxo de gás de purga

em um método para produzir garrafas de vidro tendo uma base plana e uma abertura de enchimento oposta, a base das garrafas de vidro é ainda formada em uma pluralidade de posições de processamento. durante toda a formação adicional da base, com a ajuda de um gás de purga que por meio da abertura de enchimento da garrafa de vidro flui para fora ou para dentro de uma maneira cêntrica e flui para dentro ou para fora de uma maneira excêntrica, um fluxo de gás de purga é gerado no interior da garrafa de vidro para que os efeitos da delaminação sejam reduzidos. um tubo ou um bocal serve para soprar ou aspirar o gás de purga. várias geometrias e arranjos do tubo ou do bocal são divulgados. uma multiplicidade de constelações geométricas dos diâmetros do tubo e várias configurações de fluxo de massa são divulgadas.

融液からの結像レンズ系用光学構成部分の製造

【課題】光学構成部分を製造するための、経済性と加工処理可能ガラスの種類とに関して改善された方法を提示すること。 【解決手段】特に結像光学系のための光学ガラス構成部分を製造するための本発明による方法では、ガラス融液が割り当てられ、割当てによって保持されたガラス割当て分が、浮揚支持台の上に作られた浮揚クッションの上に支持され、ガラス割当て分の粘性は支持中に表面において粘着粘性にまたはそれ以上になるまで冷却され、ガラス割当て分は内部においては少なくとも部分的に軟化点以下の粘性を有し、ガラス割当て分はプレス型の中に送られ、プレス型の中でガラス成形される。 【選択図】図１

Glass container comprising a glass bottom with improved properties

A glass container is provided that includes a tube, a circular bottom, and a longitudinal axis. A curved glass heel extends from an outer end the bottom to the first end of the tube. The outer surface has a topography defined by a function ĥ(x) that is an azimuthal average of a distance between a contact plane and the outer surface at any given position located on a circle having the centre and the radius |x|. The values ĥ for ĥ(x) are determined for a plurality of circles the radius of which increases stepwise by 500 μm starting with a circle around the centre having a radius of 500 μm. The values ĥ are determined in a range from x=−0.4×d2/2 to x=+0.4×d2/2, d2 having a size such that at least 4 values ĥ are determined and can be fitted with a curvature functionh^⁡(x)=-c×x21+1-c2×x2+h0.