Electronics cooling using lubricant return for a shell-and-tube style evaporator

A refrigeration system that induces lubricant-liquid refrigerant mixture flow from a flooded or falling film evaporator by means of the lubricant-liquid refrigerant mixture flow adsorbing heat from an electronic component.

Brazed heat exchanger with fluid flow to serially exchange heat with different refrigerant circuits

Apparatuses and methods described herein relate to brazed heat exchangers, which may be used for example in a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system (HVAC) system and/or unit thereof. The heat exchanger includes a fluid flow structure to allow a fluid stream, for example a chilled fluid stream to exchange heat serially with more than one refrigerant circuit, where each refrigerant circuit is a distinct and independent refrigerant circuit. Generally, an apparatus to exchange heat serially with more than one heat exchange fluid circuit includes an internal flow path that allows a working fluid to flow through a first brazed heat exchanger, through one or more internal routing channels, and through a second brazed heat exchanger.

ELECTRONICS COOLING USING LUBRICANT RETURN FOR A SHELL-AND-TUBE STYLE EVAPORATOR

A refrigeration system that induces lubricant-liquid refrigerant mixture flow from a flooded or falling film evaporator by means of the lubricant-liquid refrigerant mixture flow adsorbing heat from an electronic component. 1. A refrigeration system comprising:a compressor having a suction port and a discharge port, the compressor configured to receive refrigerant from the suction port, compress the refrigerant, and discharge the compressed refrigerant through the discharge port;a condenser connected to the discharge port and configured to receive the compressed refrigerant from the compressor and condense the compressed refrigerant;an expansion device connected to the condenser and configured to receive the condensed refrigerant from the condenser;a shell-and-tube style evaporator having an inlet port, a first outlet port, and a second outlet port, wherein the evaporator is configured to receive refrigerant from the expansion device through the inlet port, evaporate a portion of the refrigerant, and discharge the evaporated portion of the refrigerant through the first outlet port to the suction port, the second outlet being in fluid flow communication with a location in the shell-and-tube style evaporator to which lubricant migrates during operation of the refrigeration system, the migrated lubricant mixing with liquid refrigerant in the shell-and-tube style evaporator to form a lubricant-liquid refrigerant mixture;a heat sink;a lubricant return line connecting the second outlet port to the suction port, wherein the lubricant return line is in heat exchange relationship with the heat sink such that heat is rejected from the heat sink to the lubricant-liquid refrigerant mixture to cool the heat sink and to evaporate the liquid refrigerant in the lubricant-liquid refrigerant mixture to induce flow of the evaporated refrigerant and the lubricant in the lubricant-liquid refrigerant mixture to the compressor.2. The refrigeration system of wherein the heat sink cools an ...

LUBRICANT SEPARATOR

A cyclonic type lubricant separator with various features that reduces pressure losses, manages local gas velocities which may contribute to entrainment of liquid(s) (e.g. oil), maintains and/or improves oil separation (e.g. achieving lower oil circulation rates), reduces the size of the lubricant separator, and/or reduces or minimizes costs of production. Lubricant separators herein include a shell, a fluid inlet, a vapor outlet, a liquid outlet, and a discharge tube within the shell. Lubricant separators herein include multiple inlets that have openings such that the discharge tube is out of sight relative to the openings of the inlet, include openings along the length of the discharge tube, and/or include a flow director on the discharge tube, where the flow director includes a surface that extend away from the outer dimension of the discharge tube. 1. A cyclonic lubricant separator comprising:a shell;a fluid inlet to receive a fluid, the fluid including refrigerant vapor and lubricant, the fluid inlet configured to receive the fluid and direct the fluid into the shell and to direct the fluid to swirl inside the shell;a vapor outlet;a liquid outlet to exit lubricant,a discharge tube within the shell, the discharge tube in fluid communication with the fluid inlet and the vapor outlet to discharge refrigerant vapor separated from the lubricant; anda flow director on the discharge tube,wherein the flow director includes one or more surfaces that extend away from an outer dimension of the discharge tube, andwherein the inlet includes an opening through which a majority of the outer dimension of the discharge tube is out of a line of sight as viewed through the opening of the inlet.2. The lubricant separator of claim 1 , wherein the fluid inlet comprises multiple inlets.3. The lubricant separator of claim 1 , wherein the fluid inlet comprises multiple inlets that have openings such that the discharge tube is out of sight relative to the openings of the inlet.4. The ...

TURBULATORS IN ENHANCED TUBES

A heat exchange tube combines an external surface feature, for example having crushed fins and cavities, which can have very high boiling enhancement characteristics, with an internal surface feature, for example having high performing intersecting helices, e.g. “cross hatched” with an intersecting helix angle. The new tube can provide a high performing tube in a shell and tube evaporator that can be relatively smaller, more efficient, and that can use relatively lower refrigerant charge. 1. A heat exchange tube comprising:inner surface features on an inner surface of the heat exchange tube; anda turbulator that extends in a longitudinal direction inside the heat exchange tube,at least a portion of the turbulator is positioned on the inner surface features,the inner surface features and the turbulator have a relative structure and arrangement to synergistically improve a heat transfer coefficient relative to a heat exchange tube without both the inner surface features and the turbulator, and in an operation condition where the working fluid flow is in an intermediate regime, andthe intermediate regime is defined as including Reynolds numbers including lower than a transition point before a turbulent flow regime, including the transition point, and including a relatively smaller portion of the turbulent flow regime.2. The heat exchange tube of claim 1 , wherein the operation condition includes temperature applications at or below 32° F. claim 1 , and the transition point is a Reynolds number of 8000.3. The heat exchange tube of claim 1 , further comprising a ratio of a turbulator diameter Dto a tube inner diameter D claim 1 , D/D claim 1 , where the ratio is from 0.04 to 0.1.411. The heat exchange tube of claim 1 , further comprising a ratio of turbulator pitch P to tube inner diameter D claim 1 , P/D claim 1 , where the ratio is from 1 to 2.5.512212. The heat exchange tube of claim 1 , further comprising a ratio of turbulator pitch P to a pitch P claim 1 , the pitch ...

BRAZED HEAT EXCHANGER WITH FLUID FLOW TO SERIALLY EXCHANGE HEAT WITH DIFFERENT REFRIGERANT CIRCUITS

Apparatuses and methods described herein relate to brazed heat exchangers, which may be used for example in a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system (HVAC) system and/or unit thereof. The heat exchanger includes a fluid flow structure to allow a fluid stream, for example a chilled fluid stream to exchange heat serially with more than one refrigerant circuit, where each refrigerant circuit is a distinct and independent refrigerant circuit. Generally, an apparatus to exchange heat serially with more than one heat exchange fluid circuit includes an internal flow path that allows a working fluid to flow through a first brazed heat exchanger, through one or more internal routing channels, and through a second brazed heat exchanger. 1. A brazed heat exchanger apparatus , comprising: a working fluid inlet in fluid communication with working fluid flow channels,', 'a first heat exchanger fluid inlet in fluid communication with first heat exchanger fluid flow channels, the first heat exchanger fluid flow channels in fluid communication with a first heat exchanger outlet,', 'the first heat exchanger fluid inlet, fluid flow channels, and outlet are configured to allow fluid flow of a first heat exchange fluid into and out of the first brazed heat exchanger,', 'the working fluid channels are configured relative to the first heat exchanger fluid flow channels so that the working fluid flowing through the working fluid flow channels exchanges heat with the first heat exchange fluid flowing through the first heat exchanger fluid channels;', 'one or more internal routing channels in fluid communication with the working fluid flow channels of the first brazed heat exchanger;, 'a first brazed heat exchanger including'} the second brazed heat exchanger includes', 'working fluid flow channels in fluid communication with the one or more internal routing channels,', 'a second heat exchanger fluid inlet in fluid communication with second heat exchanger fluid flow channels, the ...

SUCTION DUCT AND MULTIPLE SUCTION DUCTS INSIDE A SHELL OF A FLOODED EVAPORATOR

A suction duct is disposed within a shell and tube heat exchanger. The suction duct is located relatively high and above the tube bundle so as to not entrain liquid or droplets that may be splashing and spraying upward. The suction duct is configured with an area schedule in fluid communication with a flow path inside the suction duct. The flow path is in fluid communication with an outlet of the shell. This is advantageous relative to traditional top of the shell outlets which generally have higher vertical footprints. The area schedule of the suction duct can facilitate and/or maintain relatively smooth vapor flow within the shell. The area schedule can achieve vapor flows that have some uniformity along the length of the shell, which can manage and/or avoid localized vapor flow and/or local currents, such as where high velocity may be present and where entrainment can result. 1. A flooded type evaporator , comprising:a shell including a volume therein, the shell extends in a longitudinal direction from a first end to a second end;a tube bundle disposed within the shell;a first tube sheet at the first end of the shell, and a second tube sheet at the second end of the shell; andmultiple suction ducts extending in the longitudinal direction, the multiple suction ducts each include a flow path therein and an area schedule in fluid communication with the volume of the shell,wherein the flow path of each suction duct is in fluid communication with one of the first end and the second end of the shell, so as to provide a side outlet on the shell for each suction duct, andwherein one or both of the first tube sheet and the second tube sheet includes at least one opening to provide the side outlets in fluid communication with each of the suction ducts.2. The flooded-type evaporator of claim 1 , wherein each suction duct is configured to service one compressor of a refrigeration system claim 1 , such that the flooded-type evaporator is a shared heat exchanger.3. The flooded ...

LUBRICANT MANAGEMENT FOR AN HVACR SYSTEM

Systems and methods for lubricant management of a compressor in an HVACR system are disclosed. A heat transfer circuit can utilize a working fluid to provide heating or cooling includes a compressor for compressing the working fluid and a heat source configured to increase a suction temperature of the working fluid entering the compressor. One or more lubricant rheological properties in a compressor system based on measurements taken at or near a bearing cavity of the compressor are determinable. A lubricant reservoir can be in thermal communication with a discharge flow path of the compressor. An internal heat exchanger can be disposed within a compressor for improving viscosity of the lubricant to be cycled back into the compressor. A heater can be located on a fluid line between a lubricant separator and a lubricant inlet. Condenser fans can be controlled. 1. A heat transfer circuit , comprising:a compressor for compressing a working fluid;a condenser for cooling the working fluid;an expansion device for expanding the working fluid;an evaporator for providing a first heating of the working fluid flowing through the evaporator, the first heating being a heat exchange between the working fluid and a process fluid flowing through the evaporator, a flow path of the working fluid extending from the compressor through the condenser, the expansion device, the evaporator, and back to the compressor, the flow path including a suction stream disposed after the first heating and before the compressor; anda heat source, the suction stream including the heat source and the heat source configured to provide a second heating of the working fluid.2. The heat transfer circuit of claim 1 , wherein the heat source is disposed within the evaporator.3. The heat transfer circuit of claim 2 , wherein the heat source is an electric heater.4. The heat transfer circuit of claim 2 , whereinthe evaporator includes a first set of heat exchanger tubes through which the process fluid flows, ...

Electronics cooling using lubricant return for a shell-and-tube style evaporator

A refrigeration system that induces lubricant-liquid refrigerant mixture flow from a flooded or falling film evaporator by means of the lubricant-liquid refrigerant mixture flow adsorbing heat from an electronic component.

SUCTION DUCT AND MULTIPLE SUCTION DUCTS INSIDE A SHELL OF A FLOODED EVAPORATOR

A suction duct is disposed within a shell and tube heat exchanger. The suction duct is located relatively high and above the tube bundle so as to not entrain liquid or droplets that may be splashing and spraying upward. The suction duct is configured with an area schedule in fluid communication with a flow path inside the suction duct. The flow path is in fluid communication with an outlet of the shell. This is advantageous relative to traditional top of the shell outlets which generally have higher vertical footprints. The area schedule of the suction duct can facilitate and/or maintain relatively smooth vapor flow within the shell. The area schedule can achieve vapor flows that have some uniformity along the length of the shell, which can manage and/or avoid localized vapor flow and/or local currents, such as where high velocity may be present and where entrainment can result. 1. A flooded type evaporator , comprising:a shell including a volume therein, the shell extends in a longitudinal direction from a first end to a second end;a tube bundle disposed within the shell;a first tube sheet at the first end of the shell, and a second tube sheet at the second end of the shell; andmultiple suction ducts extending in the longitudinal direction, the multiple suction ducts each include a flow path therein and an area schedule in fluid communication with the volume of the shell,wherein the flow path of each suction duct is in fluid communication with one of the first end and the second end of the shell, so as to provide a side outlet on the shell for each suction duct, andwherein one or both of the first tube sheet and the second tube sheet includes at least one opening to provide the side outlets in fluid communication with each of the suction ducts.2. The flooded-type evaporator of claim 1 , wherein each suction duct is configured to service one compressor of a refrigeration system claim 1 , such that the flooded-type evaporator is a shared heat exchanger.3. The flooded ...

Lubricant management for an hvacr system

Falling film evaporator with vapor-liquid separator

Compression refrigeration apparatus (1) for removing heat from a heat load using a falling film evaporator (8), operated with an azeotropic refrigerant and utilizing a vapor-liquid separator (35), preferably inside the evaporator vessel (47). In one embodiment, two types of heat exchange surfaces (38) are utilized: one (68) for maximizing the axial distribution of refrigerant film on a heat exchange surface; the other (69) for encouraging liquid refrigerant in contact with a heat exchange surface to boil and evaporate. The apparatus allows for efficient recovery of lubricant deposited in the evaporator (8) without redistributing the lubricant within the evaporator (8).

Suction line and several suction lines within a jacket of a flood evaporator

Eine Saugleitung ist innerhalb des Mantels angeordnet und befindet sich relativ hoch und oberhalb des Rohrbündels, um keine Flüssigkeit oder Tröpfchen mitzureißen, die eventuell aufwärts spritzen und sprühen. Die Saugleitung ist mit einem Flächenaufteiler in Fluidkommunikation mit einem Flussweg innerhalb der Saugleitung konfiguriert. Der Flussweg ist in Fluidkommunikation mit einem Auslass des Mantels. Das ist im Vergleich zu Auslässen an Oberseiten des Mantels, die im Allgemeinen höhere vertikale Flächen haben, vorteilhaft. Der Flächenaufteiler der Saugleitung kann relativ gleichmäßigen Dampffluss innerhalb des Mantels erleichtern und/oder aufrechterhalten. Der Flächenaufteiler kann Dampfflüsse erzielen, die etwas Gleichförmigkeit entlang der Länge des Mantels haben, die lokalen Dampffluss und/oder lokale Ströme managen und/oder vermeiden können, wie zum Beispiel da, wo hohe Geschwindigkeit vorliegen kann und wo Mitreißen resultieren kann. A suction line is disposed within the shell and is relatively high and above the tube bundle so as not to entrain liquid or droplets that may splash up and spray. The suction line is configured with a surface divider in fluid communication with a flow path within the suction line. The flow path is in fluid communication with an outlet of the shell. This is advantageous compared to outlets on tops of the shell, which generally have higher vertical surfaces. The area divider of the suction line may facilitate and / or maintain relatively even vapor flow within the shell. The area divider may achieve vapor flows that have some uniformity along the length of the shell, that can manage and / or avoid local steam flow and / or local flows, such as where high velocity may be present and where entrainment may result.

Flowing pool shell and tube evaporator

An evaporator for a refrigeration chiller includes a tube bundle in which at least a portion of the tubes of the tube bundle are immersed in a pool which include both liquid refrigerant and is lubricant. Liquid refrigerant and lubrican are deposited into the pool at a first pool location. Because of the vaporization of refrigerant that occurs within the pool, a pattern of flow is established and managed that causes the lubricant in the pool to migrate from the location of its deposit into the pool to a second pool location. An outlet is provided at the second pool location from which lubrican is drawn out of the evaporator.

Evaporator refrigerant distributor

A refrigerant distributor (54a) for use in a shell (24) and tube (60, 62, 64) evaporator (28) has a decreasing cross-sectional area which uniformly distributes refrigerant to the tube bundle (58) within the evaporator shell (24) and operates with a small distributor (54a) to evaporator (28) pressure drop.

Falling film evaporator with vapor-liquid separator

Compression refrigeration apparatus (1) for removing heat from a heat load using a falling film evaporator (8), operated with an azeotropic refrigerant and utilizing a vapor-liquid separator (35), preferably inside the evaporator vessel (47). In one embodiment, two types of heat exchange surfaces (38) are utilized: one (68) for maximizing the axial distribution of refrigerant film on a heat exchange surface; the other (69) for encouraging liquid refrigerant in contact with a heat exchange surface to boil and evaporate. The apparatus allows for efficient recovery of lubricant deposited in the evaporator (8) without redistributing the lubricant within the evaporator (8).

Falling film evaporator having two-phase refrigerant distribution system

Efficient two-phase refrigerant mixture distribution is accomplished in a falling film evaporator (20) by use of a refrigerant distributor (50) disposed internal of the evaporator shell (32) which overlies the evaporator tube bundle (52) and which internally causes said two-phase refrigerant mixture to be made available along essentially the entire length and across essentially the entire width of the tube bundle (52) prior to the delivery of the refrigerant out of the distributor (50).

Falling film evaporator for a vapor compression refrigeration chiller

A falling film evaporator for use in a vapor compression refrigeration chiller (10) preferably employs a two-phase refrigerant distributor (50) that overlies the tube bundle (52) in the evaporator shell (32). The tube bundle (52) defines at least on vapor lane (72, 74) which facilitates the conduct of refrigerant vapor from the interior of the tube bundle to the exterior thereof.

Falling fim evaporator for a vapor compression refrigeration chiller

Enhanced tube for direct expansion evaporators

An HVACR system, a direct expansion evaporator, and a direct expansion heat exchanger tube arranged to evaporate a working fluid inside the tube are disclosed. The tube includes an exterior surface of the tube opposing an inner surface of the tube, and a cavity layer on the inner surface configured to evaporate the working fluid flowing in a first flow path arranged to direct the first fluid to flow through the tube and contact the cavity layer on the inner surface. A second flow path, separate from the first flow path, is arranged to direct a second fluid across the tube and to contact the extended member on the exterior surface of the tube such that the first fluid exchanges thermal energy with the second fluid.

Suction gas heat exchanger control and utilization

A heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration (HVACR) system includes a suction heat exchanger configured to add heat to working fluid prior to entering the compressor, so as to support the generation of superheat by the HVACR system. The superheat can be controlled to achieve desired levels, so as to support the separation of lubricant from working fluid of the HVACR system. The suction heat exchanger can heat the working fluid passing to the suction of the compressor by exchanging heat with working fluid sourced from between the lubricant separator and the condenser. The suction heat exchanger can further be used as a receiver for controlling the charge of working fluid circulating in the HVACR system.

Suction heat exchanger de-misting function

A liquid-vapor separator includes a housing, an inlet disposed on the housing and configured to receive a working fluid into the housing, a vapor stream outlet disposed on the housing and configured to release a vapor stream of the working fluid, and a demister disposed in the housing and configured to transfer thermal energy between the working fluid and the vapor stream. In some embodiments, the working fluid absorbs thermal energy and evaporates to provide the vapor stream that includes entrained droplets. At least a portion of the entrained droplets absorbs thermal energy from the working fluid to evaporate when the vapor stream flows through the demister. In some embodiments, the liquid-vapor separator includes a passive demisting portion that demists by obstructing at least a portion of the entrained droplets.

Electronics cooling using lubricant return for a shell-and-tube style evaporator

Electronics cooling using lubricant return for a shell-and-tube style evaporator

A refrigeration system that induces lubricant-liquid refrigerant mixture flow from a flooded or falling film evaporator by means of the lubricant-liquid refrigerant mixture flow adsorbing heat from an electronic component.

Enhanced tube for direct expansion evaporators

An HVACR system, a direct expansion evaporator, and a direct expansion heat exchanger tube arranged to evaporate a working fluid inside the tube are disclosed. The tube includes an exterior surface of the tube opposing an inner surface of the tube, and a cavity layer on the inner surface configured to evaporate the working fluid flowing in a first flow path arranged to direct the first fluid to flow through the tube and contact the cavity layer on the inner surface. A second flow path, separate from the first flow path, is arranged to direct a second fluid across the tube and to contact the extended member on the exterior surface of the tube such that the first fluid exchanges thermal energy with the second fluid.

Suction gas heat exchanger control and utilization

A heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration (HVACR) system includes a suction heat exchanger configured to add heat to working fluid prior to entering the compressor, so as to support the generation of superheat by the HVACR system. The superheat can be controlled to achieve desired levels, so as to support the separation of lubricant from working fluid of the HVACR system. The suction heat exchanger can heat the working fluid passing to the suction of the compressor by exchanging heat with working fluid sourced from between the lubricant separator and the condenser. The suction heat exchanger can further be used as a receiver for controlling the charge of working fluid circulating in the HVACR system.

Suction heat exchanger de-misting function

A liquid-vapor separator includes a housing, an inlet disposed on the housing and configured to receive a working fluid into the housing, a vapor stream outlet disposed on the housing and configured to release a vapor stream of the working fluid, and a demister disposed in the housing and configured to transfer thermal energy between the working fluid and the vapor stream. In some embodiments, the working fluid absorbs thermal energy and evaporates to provide the vapor stream that includes entrained droplets. At least a portion of the entrained droplets absorbs thermal energy from the working fluid to evaporate when the vapor stream flows through the demister. In some embodiments, the liquid-vapor separator includes a passive demisting portion that demists by obstructing at least a portion of the entrained droplets.