COMPOSITIONS OF PARTICLES

Method of making particle compositions exhibiting improved floodability and/or flowability properties. The compositions generally contain particles and non-surface modified nanoparticles. 1. A composition comprising a plurality of particles and non-surface-modified nanoparticles , wherein the non-surface-modified nanoparticles are in the form of a colloidal dispersion and present in the composition in an amount of from 0.001 to 20 percent by weight , based on the total weight of the composition.2. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of particles includes at least one of polymeric particles claim 1 , glass particles claim 1 , ceramic bubbles claim 1 , or ceramic microspheres.3. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of particles has a median particle size diameter less than 200 micrometers.4. The composition according claim 1 , wherein the non-surface-modified nanoparticles have an average particle size diameter less than 100 nanometers.5. The composition according claim 1 , wherein the non-surface-modified nanoparticles have an average particle size diameter less than 50 nanometers.6. The composition according claim 1 , wherein the non-surface-modified nanoparticles have an average particle size diameter less than 20 nanometers.7. The composition according claim 1 , wherein the non-surface-modified nanoparticles have an average particle size diameter less than 10 nanometers.8. The composition according claim 1 , wherein the amount of non-surface-modified nanoparticles is in a range from 0.001 to 10 percent by weight claim 1 , based on the total weight of the composition.9. The composition according claim 1 , wherein the amount of non-surface-modified nanoparticles is in a range from 0.001 to 1 percent by weight claim 1 , based on the total weight of the composition.10. The composition according claim 1 , wherein the amount of non-surface-modified nanoparticles is in a range from 0.001 to 0.01 percent by weight claim 1 , ...

REMOTELY OPERATED PRODUCTION VALVE AND METHOD

A method of actuating multiple valves in a well can include applying a pressure cycle to the valves without causing actuation of any of the valves, and then simultaneously reducing pressure applied to the valves, thereby actuating the valves. Another method can include releasing a locking device of each valve which prevents actuation, and then reducing pressure applied to the valves, thereby actuating the valves. A valve can include a port which provides for fluid communication between an exterior and an interior of the valve, a closure member which selectively permits and prevents fluid flow through the port, the closure member permits flow through the port in response to a decrease in a pressure differential from the interior to the exterior of the valve, and a locking device which prevents displacement of the closure member, the locking device being released in response to mechanical force applied to the locking device. 1. A method of actuating multiple valves in a well , the method comprising:applying at least one pressure cycle to the valves without causing actuation of any of the valves; andthen simultaneously reducing pressure applied to the valves, thereby actuating the valves.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein actuating the valves further comprises opening the valves.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein actuating the valves further comprises permitting fluid flow between an interior and an exterior of a completion string.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , between the applying and pressure reducing steps claim 1 , increasing pressure applied to the valves.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein increasing pressure further comprises releasing a closure member claim 4 , thereby permitting the closure member to displace relative to a port.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein applying at least one pressure cycle further comprises varying pressure in an internal flow passage of the valves.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein reducing pressure further ...

METHOD OF INHIBITING WATER ADSORPTION OF POWDER BY ADDITION OF HYDROPHOBIC NANAOPARTICLES

Presently described are methods of inhibiting water vapor adsorption of a powder and methods of storing a powder at increased humidity level. The methods comprise providing adding discrete hydrophobic nanoparticles to a plurality of particles. 1. A method of inhibiting water vapor adsorption of a powder comprising:providing a plurality of particles;adding discrete hydrophobic nanoparticles; andexposing the particles to a relative humidity of least 15%;wherein the particles combined with the hydrophobic surface modified nanoparticles have a lower water vapor adsorption than the plurality of particles alone.2. The method of wherein the particles are exposed a relative humidity of at least 25%.3. The method of wherein the particles are exposed to a relative humidity of at least 50%.4. The method of wherein the particles are exposed to a relative humidity of at least 75%.5. The method of wherein the particles combined with the nanoparticles have a lower total energy of powder flow than the particles alone.6. The method of wherein the particles combined with the nanoparticles have a reduction in water adsorption of at least 25%.7. The method of wherein the nanoparticle comprise a metal oxide having a hydrophobic surface treatment.8. The method of wherein the particles comprise metal or a metal oxide.9. The method of wherein the particles comprise an excipient.10. The method of wherein the nanoparticles are present in an amount up to 2 wt-%.11. The method of wherein the particles have a median particle size of less than 100 microns.12. The method of wherein the particles have a median particle size of less than 75 microns.13. The method of wherein the nanoparticles have a primary particle size of less than 100 nanometers.14. The method of wherein the particles have a median primary particle size 100 to 10 claim 1 ,000 times larger than the mean particle size of the nanoparticles.15. The method of wherein the nanoparticles comprise silica having an organosilane surface ...

METHOD OF ELECTROSTATIC DEPOSITION OF PARTICLES, ABRASIVE GRAIN AND ARTICLES

Presently described are methods of making an article via electrostatic deposition of particles, abrasive grains and articles, as well as a method of repairing a painted surface. The abrasive grain comprises a plurality of abrasive particles having a median primary particle size of less than 75 microns, and discrete hydrophobic nanoparticles. 1. A method of making an article comprising:providing a substrate; i) a plurality of particles having a median primary particle size of less than 75 microns, and', 'ii) discrete hydrophobic nanoparticles., 'electrostatically depositing particles such that the particles are bonded to the substrate wherein the particles comprise'}2. The method of wherein the nanoparticles comprise a metal oxide material and the nanoparticles comprise a hydrophobic surface treatment.3. The method of wherein the particles comprise abrasive particles.4. The method of wherein the abrasive particles are orientated.5. The method of wherein the abrasive particles comprise fused aluminum oxide claim 3 , heat-treated aluminum oxide claim 3 , ceramic aluminum oxide claim 3 , silicon carbide claim 3 , alumina zirconia claim 3 , garnet claim 3 , diamond claim 3 , cubic boron nitride claim 3 , sol-gel derived abrasive particles claim 3 , or a mixture thereof.6. The method of wherein the nanoparticles are present in an amount up to 2 wt-%.7. The method of wherein the particles have a median particle size of less than 50 microns.8. The method of wherein the particles have a median particle size of less than 25 microns.9. The method of wherein the nanoparticles have a particle size of less than 100 nanometers.10. The method of wherein the particles have a median primary particle size 100 to 10 claim 1 ,000 times larger than the mean particle size of the nanoparticles.11. The method of wherein the nanoparticles comprise silica claim 2 , zirconia claim 2 , or a mixture thereof.12. The method of wherein the hydrophobic surface treatment is an organosilane compound. ...

PRESSURE EQUALIZATION APPARATUS AND ASSOCIATED SYSTEMS AND METHODS

A pressure equalization apparatus can include separate longitudinal bores which form a continuous flowpath, the flowpath alternating direction between the bores, and the bores being interconnected at opposite ends thereof. A well system can include a well tool with a chamber therein containing an assembly in a dielectric fluid, and a pressure equalization apparatus including a flowpath having one end connected to the chamber, and the other end connected to a source of a another fluid, the flowpath extending in opposite directions between the flowpath ends through multiple separate bores. A method of installing a well tool can include attaching a mandrel to the well tool, then lowering the well tool at least partially into the well suspended from the mandrel, and then securing a pressure equalization apparatus to the mandrel, a flowpath of the apparatus being connected to a chamber of the well tool containing an assembly. 1. A pressure equalization apparatus for use with a well tool in a subterranean well , the apparatus comprising:multiple separate longitudinally extending bores which form a continuous flowpath, the flowpath alternating direction between the bores, and the bores being interconnected at opposite ends thereof.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a first fluid is in a first end of the flowpath claim 1 , and a second fluid is in an opposite second end of the flowpath.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the second fluid enters the second end of the flowpath claim 2 , but is prevented from flowing to the first end of the flowpath.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , further comprising a filter which filters the second fluid claim 3 , and a rupture disc exposed to the flowpath between the filter and the first end of the flowpath.5. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein a density of the first fluid is different from a density of the second fluid.6. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein a source of the second fluid comprises at least one of an interior longitudinal ...

FIXED ABRASIVE PAD WITH SURFACTANT FOR CHEMICAL MECHANICAL PLANARIZATION

A fixed abrasive pad () in the form of a structured abrasive article is provided that has a structured abrasive layer () disposed on a backing (). The structured abrasive layer () includes a polymeric binder, abrasive particles dispersed in the binder and a nonionic polyether surfactant dispersed in the binder. The abrasive particles have a mean particle size of less than 200 nm and the surfactant is in the binder in an amount of from 0.75 to 2.2 weight percent based upon the total weight of the structured abrasive layer. A method of abrading a workpiece using the provided fixed abrasive pad is also provided. 2. A structured abrasive article according to claim 1 , wherein the nonionic polyether surfactant is present in an amount of from 1.0 to 2.2 percent by weight based on a total weight of the structured adhesive layer.3. A structured abrasive article according to claim 1 , wherein the shaped abrasive composites are precisely-shaped.4. A structured abrasive article according to claim 1 , wherein the crosslinked polymeric binder comprises an acrylic polymer.5. A structured abrasive article according to claim 1 , wherein the surfactant comprises a polyethylene oxide segment.6. A structured abrasive article according to claim 1 , wherein the surfactant comprises a polypropylene oxide segment.7. A structured abrasive article according to claim 1 , wherein the shaped abrasive composites further comprise an anionic phosphate polyether ester claim 1 , and wherein the anionic phosphate polyether ester is present in an amount by weight that is less than that of the nonionic polyether surfactant.8. A structured abrasive article according to claim 1 , wherein the backing comprises a polymer film.9. A structured abrasive article according to claim 8 , wherein the polymer film comprises an elastomeric polyurethane.10. A structured abrasive article according to claim 1 , wherein the backing comprises a polymer foam.11. A structured abrasive article according to claim 1 , ...

DEVICE FOR RAPIDLY DETECTING MICROORGANISMS

The disclosure includes: a coating composition, comprising a powdered cold-water-soluble gelling agent and surface-modified nanoparticles disposed in the powdered cold-water-soluble gelling agent; a coated film that includes a transparent film coated with the coating composition; and a device for growing microorganisms, including the coated film releasably attached to at least a portion of a body member that includes a self-supporting and water-proof substrate. 1. A coating composition , comprising:(a) a powdered cold-water-soluble gelling agent; and(b) surface-modified nanoparticles disposed in the powdered cold-water-soluble gelling agent in a range from 0.00001 wt. % to about 0.1 wt. % of the coating composition, the surface-modified nanoparticles having an average primary particle diameter of less than about 100 nanometers.2. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein said surface-modified nanoparticles comprise from 0.0001 wt. % to 0.01 wt. % of the coating composition.36.-. (canceled)7. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the surface-modified nanoparticles comprise nanoparticles selected from the group consisting of silica claim 1 , titania claim 1 , alumina claim 1 , zirconia claim 1 , vanadia claim 1 , ceria claim 1 , iron oxide claim 1 , antimony oxide claim 1 , tin oxide claim 1 , calcium phosphate claim 1 , hydroxyapatite claim 1 , aluminum/silica and combinations thereof.8. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the surface-modified nanoparticles comprise surface groups selected from the group consisting of hydrophobic groups claim 1 , hydrophilic groups and combinations thereof.9. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the surface-modified nanoparticles comprise surface groups derived from an agent selected from the group consisting of silane groups claim 1 , organic acid groups claim 1 , organic base groups and combinations thereof.10. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein the surface-modified nanoparticles comprise ...

POLYMERIZABLE COMPOSITIONS FREE OF ORGANIC EMULSIFIER AND POLYMERS AND METHODS OF MAKING THEREOF

Described herein is a polymerizable composition substantially free of an organic emulsifier, methods of making, and articles thereof. The polymerizable composition comprises: a continuous phase; a polymerizable monomer; an initiator; and inorganic nanoparticles, wherein the inorganic nanoparticles are substantially free of groups that will copolymerize with the polymerizable monomer. 1. A polymerizable composition comprising:a continuous phase;an amount of inorganic nanoparticles;a polymerizable monomer; andan initiator, wherein the polymerizable composition is substantially free of an organic emulsifier and wherein the inorganic nanoparticles are substantially free of groups that will copolymerize with the polymerizable monomer.2. The polymerizable composition according to claim 1 , wherein the amount of inorganic nanoparticles is less than 80 claim 1 ,000 ppm when compared to the weight of the total polymerizable composition.3. The polymerizable composition according to claim 1 , wherein the inorganic nanoparticles have an average diameter of less than 100 nm.4. (canceled)5. The polymerizable composition according to claim 1 , wherein the surface of the inorganic nanoparticles is not modified.6. The polymerizable composition according to claim 1 , wherein the surface of the inorganic nanoparticles is modified with at least one of:alkyl chains, hydrophilic polyethers, quaternary salts, amines, acids, and combinations thereof7. The polymerizable composition according to claim 1 , wherein the continuous phase comprises water or carbon dioxide.8. The polymerizable composition according to claim 7 , wherein the continuous phase further comprising a solvent.9. (canceled)10. The polymerizable composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polymerizable monomer is selected from at least one of:styrene, vinyl chloride, a vinyl ester, a (meth)acrylate, an olefin, and combinations thereof11. The polymerizable composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polymerizable ...

SAFETY VALVE WITH ELECTRICAL ACTUATOR AND TUBING PRESSURE BALANCING

A well tool for use with a subterranean well can include a flow passage extending longitudinally through the well tool, an internal chamber containing a dielectric fluid, and a flow path which alternates direction, and which provides pressure communication between the internal chamber and the flow passage. A method of controlling operation of a well tool can include actuating an actuator positioned in an internal chamber of the well tool, a dielectric fluid being disposed in the chamber, and the chamber being pressure balanced with a flow passage extending longitudinally through the well tool, and varying the actuating, based on measurements made by at least one sensor of the well tool. 14-. (canceled)5. A well tool for use with a subterranean well , the well tool comprising:a flow passage extending longitudinally through the well tool;an internal chamber containing a dielectric fluid;a flow path which alternates direction, and which provides pressure communication between the internal chamber and the flow passage; andan electrical actuator in the dielectric fluid, wherein the actuator displaces a pressure transmission device which isolates the chamber from the flow passage.6. The well tool of claim 5 , wherein the pressure transmission device comprises a bellows.7. The well tool of claim 5 , wherein the pressure transmission device comprises a piston.8. A well tool for use with a subterranean well claim 5 , the well tool comprising:a flow passage extending longitudinally through the well tool;an internal chamber containing a dielectric fluid; anda flow path which alternates direction, and which provides pressure communication between the internal chamber and the flow passage, wherein the chamber is in fluid communication with a source of the dielectric fluid via a conduit extending to a remote location, and wherein a line extends through the conduit to an actuator in the chamber.9. A well tool for use with a subterranean well claim 5 , the well tool comprising:a ...

SAFETY VALVE WITH ELECTRICAL ACTUATOR AND TUBING PRESSURE BALANCING

A well tool for use with a subterranean well can include a flow passage extending longitudinally through the well tool, an internal chamber containing a dielectric fluid, and a flow path which alternates direction, and which provides pressure communication between the internal chamber and the flow passage. A method of controlling operation of a well tool can include actuating an actuator positioned in an internal chamber of the well tool, a dielectric fluid being disposed in the chamber, and the chamber being pressure balanced with a flow passage extending longitudinally through the well tool, and varying the actuating, based on measurements made by at least one sensor of the well tool. 1. A well tool for use with a subterranean well , the well tool comprising:a flow passage extending longitudinally through the well tool;an internal chamber containing a dielectric fluid; anda flow path which alternates direction, and which provides pressure communication between the internal chamber and the flow passage.2. The well tool of claim 1 , further comprising a floating piston in the flow path claim 1 , and wherein the floating piston prevents the dielectric fluid from flowing into the flow passage.3. The well tool of claim 2 , wherein the floating piston is positioned in an enlarged section of the flow path.4. The well tool of claim 1 , further comprising an electrical actuator in the dielectric fluid.5. The well tool of claim 4 , wherein the actuator displaces a pressure transmission device which isolates the chamber from the flow passage.6. The well tool of claim 5 , wherein the pressure transmission device comprises a bellows.7. The well tool of claim 5 , wherein the pressure transmission device comprises a piston.8. The well tool of claim 1 , wherein the chamber is in fluid communication with a source of the dielectric fluid via a conduit extending to a remote location claim 1 , and wherein a line extends through the conduit to an actuator in the chamber.9. The well ...

Nanoparticle Processing Aide For Extrusion And Injection Molding

Processing aides for extrusion and/or injection molding are described. In particular, nanoparticle processing aides, including surface-modified nanoparticle processing aides are described. Methods of using such nanoparticle processing aides in extrusion and injection molding processes are also described. 1. A method of processing a mixture in an extruder or injection molder , the method comprising melting a solid thermoplastic resin to form a molten resin , melt-mixing the molten resin and surface-modified nanoparticles to form the mixture , and extruding or injection molding the mixture , wherein the mixture comprises 0.5 to 10 wt. % , inclusive , of the surface-modified nanoparticles.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising pre-mixing the solid thermoplastic resin and the surface modified nanoparticles prior to melting the solid thermoplastic resin.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein melting the solid thermoplastic resin and melt-mixing the molten resin and the surface modified nanoparticles occur within the extruder or injection molder.4. The method according of claim 1 , wherein at least one solid thermoplastic resin comprises a polyester resin.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the polyester is a polyalkylene terephthalate.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the polyalkylene terephthalate is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate claim 5 , polybutylene terephthalate claim 5 , and polycyclohexylenedimethylene terephthalate.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one solid thermoplastic resin comprises a polyamide.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the polyamide is selected from the group consisting of polyamide 6 claim 7 , polyamide 66 claim 7 , and polyamide 6/69 copolymer claim 7 ,9. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one solid thermoplastic resin comprises a polyalkylene.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the polyalkylene comprises polypropylene.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one solid thermoplastic resin ...

METHOD OF MODIFYING DISSOLUTION RATE OF PARTICLES BY ADDITION OF HYDROPHOBIC NANOPARTICLES

Method of modifying dissolution rate of a plurality of particles in an aqueous-based solvent by adding hydrophobic surface modified nanoparticles to the plurality of particles, and exposing the plurality of particles to the aqueous-based solvent. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous-based solvent is water.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous-based solvent comprises a mixture of water and a water-miscible polar organic solvent.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the water-miscible polar organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of a polar organic protic solvent claim 3 , a polar organic aprotic solvent claim 3 , and mixtures thereof.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the polar organic protic solvent is an alcohol having up to 6 carbon atoms.6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the polar organic aprotic solvent is selected from the group consisting of dimethylsulfoxide claim 4 , dimethylformamide claim 4 , N-methylpyrrolidone claim 4 , acetonitrile claim 4 , acetone claim 4 , tetrahydrofuran claim 4 , and mixtures thereof.710.-. (canceled)11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic surface modified nanoparticles are added as discrete hydrophobic surface modified nanoparticles.12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic surface modified nanoparticles comprise a metal oxide having a hydrophobic surface treatment.13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the metal oxide comprises silica.14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the particles comprise a compound selected from the group consisting of borax claim 1 , calcium chloride claim 1 , calcium hydroxide claim 1 , magnesium chloride claim 1 , magnesium sulfate claim 1 , sodium chloride claim 1 , and sodium sulfite.15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the particles comprise borax.16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the particles comprise a pharmaceutical agent.17. (canceled)18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the particles have a median particle size of up to 200 micrometers.19. The ...

METHOD FOR TREATING HYDROCARBON-BEARING FORMATIONS WITH FLUORINATED AMINE

A method of modifying a surface of a hydrocarbon-bearing formation is disclosed. The method includes contacting the surface of the hydrocarbon-bearing formation with a fluorinated amine, and the surface of the hydrocarbon-bearing formation includes a carbonate. The method can typically include introducing a treatment composition comprising solvent and at least one of the fluorinated amine or a salt thereof into the carbonate hydrocarbon-bearing formation. Hydrocarbon-bearing formations treated according to the method are also disclosed. Certain fluorinated amines useful for treating carbonate hydrocarbon-bearing formations and methods of making them are also disclosed. 1. A method of modifying a surface of a hydrocarbon-bearing formation , the method comprising contacting the surface of the hydrocarbon-bearing formation with a fluorinated amine , wherein the surface of the hydrocarbon-bearing formation comprises a carbonate.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein contacting the surface of the hydrocarbon-bearing formation comprises introducing a treatment composition comprising solvent and at least one of the fluorinated amine or a salt thereof into the hydrocarbon-bearing formation.3. A method according to claim 2 , wherein the treatment composition further comprises a fluorinated polymeric nonionic surfactant comprising a plurality of alkyleneoxy groups.4. A method according to claim 2 , wherein the solvent comprises at least one of water claim 2 , a monohydroxy alcohol claim 2 , an ether claim 2 , a ketone claim 2 , a glycol claim 2 , a glycol ether claim 2 , or supercritical carbon dioxide.5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the fluorinated amine does not have polymeric repeating units comprising amine groups.6. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the fluorinated amine is represented by formula Rf-Q-X—NR claim 1 , whereinRf is a fluoroalkyl group optionally interrupted with at least one oxygen atom or a polyfluoropolyether having at least 10 ...

TRANSFER ARTICLE HAVING MULTI-SIZED PARTICLES AND METHODS

A transfer article that includes a liner with multi-sized particles disposed thereon, wherein the multi-sized particles include a plurality of dominant hydrophilic particles having an average primary particle size of no greater than 200 microns, and a plurality of discrete hydrophobic nanoparticles. 1. A transfer article comprising:a first flexible liner having opposing first and second surfaces, wherein the first surface has a release value of less than 700 grams per inch per ASTM D3330/D3330M-04; a plurality of dominant hydrophilic particles having an average primary particle size of no greater than 200 microns; and', 'a plurality of discrete hydrophobic nanoparticles;', 'wherein the dominant particles are disposed in a monolayer; and, 'multi-sized particles adhered to the first surface of the first flexible liner; the multi-sized particles comprisinga second flexible liner having opposing first and second surfaces, wherein the second liner is in physical contact with at least a portion of the multi-sized particles.2. The transfer article of wherein the first flexible liner and the second flexible liner are portions of the same flexible liner claim 1 , and the transfer article is in the form of a roll.3. The transfer article of wherein the flexible liner comprises a flexible backing and a release coating disposed on the first surface of the liner claim 2 , the release coating comprising a fluorine-containing material claim 2 , a silicon-containing material claim 2 , a fluoropolymer claim 2 , a silicone polymer or a poly(meth)acrylate ester derived from a monomer comprising an alkyl (meth)acrylate having an alkyl group having 12 to 30 carbon atoms.4. The transfer article of further comprising a second release coating disposed on the second surface of the flexible liner claim 3 , wherein the second release coating has a lower release value than the first release coating.5. The transfer article of wherein the first flexible liner is a distinct liner from the second ...

ECCENTRIC SAFETY VALVE

A safety valve for use in a subterranean well can include a housing assembly having a flow passage extending longitudinally through the housing assembly. An outer diameter of the housing assembly is eccentric relative to the flow passage. A well tool can include a magnetic coupling between magnet devices. One magnet device includes a series of magnets which are unequally spaced circumferentially about the other magnet device. Another safety valve can include a longitudinally extending flow passage, a closure device which selectively permits and prevents flow through the flow passage, and an outer diameter which is eccentric relative to the flow passage. 110-. (canceled)11. A well tool , comprising:a magnetic coupling between first and second magnet devices, andwherein the second magnet device includes a series of magnets which are unequally spaced circumferentially about the first magnet device.12. The well tool of claim 11 , wherein a first circumferential spacing between the magnets is less than a second circumferential spacing between the magnets claim 11 , and wherein at least one biasing device is positioned in the second circumferential spacing between the magnets.13. The well tool of claim 11 , wherein a first circumferential spacing between the magnets is less than a second circumferential spacing between the magnets claim 11 , and wherein at least one line is positioned in the second circumferential spacing between the magnets.14. The well tool of claim 11 , further comprising a housing assembly having a flow passage extending longitudinally through the housing assembly claim 11 , and wherein an outer diameter of the housing assembly is eccentric relative to the flow passage.15. The well tool of claim 14 , wherein the housing assembly has at least one longitudinal recess in an outer surface of the housing claim 14 , and at least one line extending along the recess.1622-. (canceled) This disclosure relates generally to equipment utilized and operations ...

REMOTELY OPERATED PRODUCTION VALVE AND METHOD

A method of actuating multiple valves in a well can include applying a pressure cycle to the valves without causing actuation of any of the valves, and then simultaneously reducing pressure applied to the valves, thereby actuating the valves. Another method can include releasing a locking device of each valve which prevents actuation, and then reducing pressure applied to the valves, thereby actuating the valves. A valve can include a port which provides for fluid communication between an exterior and an interior of the valve, a closure member which selectively permits and prevents fluid flow through the port, the closure member permits flow through the port in response to a decrease in a pressure differential from the interior to the exterior of the valve, and a locking device which prevents displacement of the closure member, the locking device being released in response to mechanical force applied to the locking device. 1. A method of actuating multiple valves in a well , the method comprising:applying at least one pressure cycle to the valves without causing actuation of any of the valves; andthen simultaneously reducing pressure applied to the valves, thereby actuating the valves.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein actuating the valves further comprises opening the valves.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein actuating the valves further comprises permitting fluid flow between an interior and an exterior of a completion string.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , between the applying and pressure reducing steps claim 1 , increasing pressure applied to the valves.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein increasing pressure further comprises releasing a closure member claim 4 , thereby permitting the closure member to displace relative to a port.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein applying at least one pressure cycle further comprises varying pressure in an internal flow passage of the valves.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein reducing pressure further ...

CABLE WITH FEATURES FOR DISTINGUISHING BETWEEN FIBER GROUPS

Micromodule subunit cables are constructed to allow for ease of identification between optical fibers in differing groups of optical fibers. In one cable, a first group of fibers is located within a buffer tube core while a second group of fibers is located within the cable jacket, but outside of the core. The fibers in the first and second groups can accordingly use the same color coding sequence without requiring additional indicia such as stripes or binding. 1. A cable , comprising:a cable jacket; a core tube; and', 'a first group of optical fibers disposed within the core tube; and, 'a core located within the cable jacket, the core comprisinga second group of optical fibers disposed within the cable jacket and outside of the core tube; anda strain-relief component disposed within the cable jacket and outside of the core tube; wherein the strain-relief component comprises a plurality of longitudinally extending tensile yarns; andwherein a diameter of the cable is 3.3 mm or less.2. The cable of claim 1 , wherein for each optical fiber in the first group claim 1 , the corresponding optical fiber in the second group has the same color and appearance thereof.3. The cable of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the optical fibers of the second group contacts an outer surface of the core at at least one location.4. The cable of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the optical fibers of the second group contacts an inner surface of the cable jacket at at least one location.5. The cable of claim 1 , wherein the first group of optical fibers comprises twelve optical fibers and the second group of optical fibers comprises twelve optical fibers6. The cable of claim 5 , wherein the twelve optical fibers in the first and second groups have exterior coloring in the color sequence of blue claim 5 , orange claim 5 , green claim 5 , brown claim 5 , slate claim 5 , white claim 5 , red claim 5 , black claim 5 , yellow claim 5 , purple claim 5 , rose claim 5 , and aqua.7. The cable of ...

Lubricant Composition and Method of Forming

The present disclosure describes compositions and a method for forming such compositions. More specifically, inorganic microparticles and surface modified silica nanoparticles are mixed to form a composition. The surface modified silica nanoparticles are present in the composition in an amount sufficient to decrease the coefficient of friction relative to a comparable composition that is free of surface modified silica nanoparticles. 1. A method of forming a lubricant composition comprising:mixing surface modified silica nanoparticles and inorganic microparticles to form a lubricant composition, the inorganic microparticles being substantially spheroidal, wherein the concentration of the surface modified silica nanoparticles is in a range from about 0.001 weight percent to about 5 weight percent based on the total weight of the composition.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of mixing is selected from the group consisting of high shear mixing claim 1 , low shear mixing claim 1 , solvent blending claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of mixing further comprises mixing any of a propellant claim 1 , a film forming material claim 1 , a foam claim 1 , a grease claim 1 , and combinations thereof with the surface modified silica nanoparticles and the inorganic microparticles to form the lubricant composition.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lubricant composition has a coefficient of friction which decreases by at least 5 percent as the temperature of the lubricant composition increases from 20° C. to 200° C.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic microparticles have an average particle size in a range of greater than 0.1 micrometer to about 500 micrometers.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic microparticles are selected from the group consisting of zirconia claim 1 , titania claim 1 , silica claim 1 , ceria claim 1 , alumina claim 1 , iron oxide claim 1 , vanadia claim 1 , zinc oxide claim 1 , ...

KIT OF PARTS FOR PRODUCING A GLASS IONOMER CEMENT, PROCESS OF PRODUCTION AND USE THEREOF

The invention relates to a kit of parts for preparing a glass ionomer composition for dental use, the kit of parts comprising a Powder Part P and a Liquid Part L, Powder Part P comprising: acid-reactive inorganic filler, Liquid Part L comprising: water, complexing agent, polyacid, either the Powder Part P or the Liquid Part L or the Powder Part P and the Liquid Part L comprising non-aggregated nano-sized particles based on silica or alumina, the composition obtained by combining the components of Powder Part P and Liquid Part L before hardening comprising the components in the following amounts: non-aggregated nano-sized particles: from 0.1 to 15 wt.-%, acid-reactive filler in an amount from 50 to 75 wt.-%, polyacid: 7 to 20 wt.-%, complexing agent: 0.5 to 3 wt.-%, water: 5 to 18 wt.-%, wt.-% with respect to the weight of the whole composition. 1. A kit of parts for preparing a glass ionomer composition for dental use , the kit of parts comprising a Powder Part P and a Liquid Part L , 'acid-reactive inorganic filler,', 'Powder Part P comprising water,', 'complexing or chelating agent,', 'polyacid,, 'Liquid Part L comprising non-aggregated nano-sized particles: from 0.1 to 15 wt.-%,', 'acid-reactive filler in an amount from 50 to 75 wt.-%,', 'polyacid: 7 to 20 wt.-%,', 'complexing agent: 0.5 to 3 wt.-%,', 'water: 5 to 18 wt.-%,, 'either the Powder Part P or the Liquid Part L or the Powder Part P and the Liquid Part L comprising non-aggregated nano-sized particles based on silica or alumina, the composition obtained by combining the components of Powder Part P and Liquid Part L before hardening comprising the components in the following amountswt.-% with respect to the weight of the whole composition.2. The kit of parts of claim 1 , Liquid Part L being characterized by at least one or more of the following parameters:{'sup': '−1', 'viscosity: from 1 to 500 Pa*s at 28° C., measured at a shear rate of 1 s;'}{'sup': '3', 'density: from 1.1 to 2.0 g/cm;'}pH value of a ...

CHARGE-MODIFIED PARTICLES AND METHODS OF MAKING THE SAME

A charge-modified particle comprising the inorganic core and a shell surrounding the inorganic core, wherein the shell comprises a copolymer comprising monomeric units corresponding to free-radically polymerizable monomers, and wherein at least one of the monomeric units comprises a substituted benzotriazolylphenolate salt. Methods of making the charge-modified particle by admicellar polymerization are also disclosed. 125-. (canceled)26. A charge-modified particle comprising the inorganic core and a shell surrounding the inorganic core , wherein the shell comprises a copolymer comprising monomeric units corresponding to free-radically polymerizable monomers , and wherein at least one of the monomeric units comprises a substituted benzotriazolylphenolate salt.27. The charge-modified particle of claim 26 , wherein the shell is covalently crosslinked.28. The charge-modified particle of claim 26 , wherein the shell further comprises surfactant.29. The charge-modified particle of claim 26 , wherein at least a portion of the free-radically polymerizable monomers are hydrophobic.30. The charge-modified particle of claim 26 , wherein the copolymer is acrylic.31. The charge-modified particle of claim 26 , wherein the copolymer is a copolymer of styrene and at least one hydrophobic (meth)acrylic monomer.33. The charge-modified particle of claim 26 , wherein the inorganic core comprises boron nitride.34. A plurality of charge-modified particles according to .35. The plurality of charge-modified particles according to claim 34 , further comprising a flow additive comprising at least one of fumed or precipitated silica claim 34 , fumed or precipitated alumina claim 34 , silica nanoparticles claim 34 , or alumina nanoparticles.36. A composition comprising the plurality of charge-modified particles of retained in an organic binder material.37. A method comprising electrostatically coating the composition of onto a substrate.38. The method of wherein the substrate comprises a ...

DEVICE FOR RAPIDLY DETECTING MICROORGANISMS

The disclosure includes: a coating composition, comprising a powdered cold-water-soluble gelling agent and surface-modified nanoparticles disposed in the powdered cold-water-soluble gelling agent; a coated film that includes a transparent film coated with the coating composition; and a device for growing microorganisms, including the coated film releasably attached to at least a portion of a body member that includes a self-supporting and water-proof substrate. 1. A coated film , comprising:a transparent film having an adhesive layer on a major surface thereof, wherein the adhesive is non-inhibitory to the growth of microorganisms; anda coating composition adhered to the adhesive layer, wherein the coating composition comprises (a) a powdered cold-water-soluble gelling agent; and (b) surface-modified nanoparticles disposed in the powdered cold-water-soluble gelling agent in a range from 0.00001 wt. % to about 0.1 wt. % of the coating composition, the surface-modified nanoparticles having an average primary particle diameter of less than about 100 nanometers.2. The coated film of claim 1 , wherein the average primary particle diameter is less than 50 nanometers.3. The coated film of claim 1 , wherein the average primary particle diameter is in a range from about 3 nanometers to about 20 nanometers.4. The coated film of claim 1 , wherein the transparent film is selected from the group consisting of polyester claim 1 , polyethylene claim 1 , polypropylene claim 1 , polystyrene and silicone.5. The coated film of claim 1 , wherein the transparent film is biaxially oriented polypropylene.6. The coated film of claim 1 , wherein the transparent film is about 25 to 380 microns thick.7. The coated film of claim 1 , wherein the adhesive is a pressure-sensitive adhesive.8. The coated film of claim 1 , wherein the adhesive is substantially transparent when wetted with water.9. The coated film of claim 1 , wherein the gelling agent is selected from the group consisting of xanthan ...

Modified aluminum nitride particles and methods of making the same

A modified aluminum nitride particle comprises an aluminum nitride core and a shell surrounding the aluminum nitride core. The shell comprises a crosslinked organic polymer. Methods of making the modified aluminum nitride particle by admicellar polymerization are also disclosed.

THERAPEUTIC COMPOSITION AND RELATED METHODS

A composition. The composition includes a compound of Formula (I) HOCH—(═CHOH═)—CH2NRR(I) wherein Rand Rare independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, C(O)R, and SOR, wherein at least one of Rand Ris C(O)Ror SOR, Rand Rare selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group having seven carbon atoms, an alkyl group having eight carbon atoms, and an alkyl group having nine carbon atoms, and n is an integer from about 2 to about wherein a concentration of the compound of Formula (I) is more than its critical micelle concentration; and an antimicrobial agent selected from the group consisting of a biguanide antimicrobial agent and a polymeric, cationic, non-micelle forming antimicrobial material; wherein a concentration of the antimicrobial agent is no more than 5 wt %. 1. A composition , comprising: {'br': None, 'sub': 2', 'n, 'sup': 1', '2, 'HOCH—(═CHOH═)—CH2NRR\u2003\u2003(I)'}, 'a compound of Formula (I)'}{'sup': 1', '2', '3', '4, 'sub': '2', 'wherein Rand Rare independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, C(O)R, and SOR;'}{'sup': 1', '2', '3', '4', '3', '4, 'sub': '2', 'wherein at least one of Rand Ris C(O)Ror SOR, Rand Rare selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group having seven carbon atoms, an alkyl group having eight carbon atoms, and an alkyl group having nine carbon atoms, and n is an integer from about 2 to about 5;'}wherein a concentration of the compound of Formula (I) is more than its critical micelle concentration; andan antimicrobial agent selected from the group consisting of a biguanide antimicrobial agent and a polymeric, cationic, non-micelle forming antimicrobial material;wherein a concentration of the antimicrobial agent is no more than 5 wt %.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the concentration of the compound of Formula (I) is more than 120% of its critical micelle concentration .3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the concentration of the ...

PRESSURE EQUALIZATION APPARATUS AND ASSOCIATED SYSTEMS AND METHODS

A pressure equalization apparatus can include separate longitudinal bores which form a continuous flowpath, the flowpath alternating direction between the bores, and the bores being interconnected at opposite ends thereof. A well system can include a well tool with a chamber therein containing an assembly in a dielectric fluid, and a pressure equalization apparatus including a flowpath having one end connected to the chamber, and the other end connected to a source of a another fluid, the flowpath extending in opposite directions between the flowpath ends through multiple separate bores. A method of installing a well tool can include attaching a mandrel to the well tool, then lowering the well tool at least partially into the well suspended from the mandrel, and then securing a pressure equalization apparatus to the mandrel, a flowpath of the apparatus being connected to a chamber of the well tool containing an assembly. 126-. (canceled)27. A method of installing a well tool in a well , the method comprising:attaching a mandrel to the well tool;then lowering the well tool at least partially into the well suspended from the mandrel; andthen securing a pressure equalization apparatus to the mandrel, a flowpath of the apparatus being connected to a chamber of the well tool containing an assembly.28. The method of claim 27 , wherein the flowpath has first and second opposite ends claim 27 , the first end being connected to the chamber claim 27 , the second end being connected to a source of a second fluid claim 27 , the flowpath extending in alternating opposite directions between the first and second ends through multiple separate bores.29. The method of claim 28 , wherein the bores are formed in tubes.30. The method of claim 28 , wherein the bores are circumferentially spaced apart.31. The method of claim 28 , wherein the flowpath extends alternately upward and downward in respective successive ones of the bores.32. The method of claim 28 , wherein the bores are ...

Fluoropolymer Compositions Including Nanoparticles Functionalized With Functional Fluorinated Silane Compounds

Curable compositions that include at least one fluorinated elastomeric gum; and nanoparticles functionalized with at least one compound according to formula (I): X—(CF)—(O)—(CH)—Si—Yw X is Br, I, CF═CF—O—, CH═CHCH—O—, CH═CHCH—, or CH═CH—, n is an integer from 2 to 8, m is an integer from 2 to 5, p is 0 or 1, and Y is Cl— or —OR, where R is a linear or branched alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. In some embodiments, Y is —O(CH)CH, where x is an integer from 0 to 3. 1. A curable composition comprising:at least one fluorinated elastomeric gum; and {'br': None, 'sub': 2', 'n', 'p', '2', 'm', '3, 'X—(CF)—(O)—(CH)—Si—Y\u2003\u2003(I)'}, 'nanoparticles functionalized with at least one functional fluorinated silane compound according to formula I{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2, 'claim-text': n is an integer from 2 to 8,', 'm is an integer from 2 to 5,', 'p is 0 or 1, and', 'Y is Cl— or —OR, where R is a linear or branched alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms., 'wherein X is Br, I, CF═CF—O—, CH═CHCH—O—, CH═CHCH—, or CH═CH—,'}2. The curable composition of claim 1 , wherein Y is —O(CH)CH claim 1 , where x is an integer from 0 to 3.3. The curable composition of claim 1 , wherein the fluorinated elastomeric gum comprises at least 0.05% by weight of a cure site at most 5% by weight of the cure-site.4. The curable composition of claim 3 , wherein the cure site comprises at least one of bromine claim 3 , iodine claim 3 , nitrile claim 3 , or combinations thereof.5. The curable composition of claim 1 , wherein the fluorinated elastomeric gum is partially fluorinated.6. The curable composition of claim 1 , wherein the fluorinated elastomeric gum is derived from at least one of TFE claim 1 , HFP claim 1 , VDF claim 1 , a fluorinated vinyl ether monomer claim 1 , a fluorinated allyl ether monomer claim 1 , or combinations thereof.7. The curable composition of claim 1 , wherein the fluorinated elastomeric gum comprises at least one of: (i) copolymers comprising TFE and a perfluoroalkyl ...

METHOD OF MAKING AN ELECTRICAL STRESS CONTROL DEVICE HAVING A DIELECTRIC MATERIAL WITH NON-LINEAR DIELECTRIC CONSTANT

Provided is a composition comprising a polymeric material, a filler material dispersed in the polymeric material, the filler material comprising inorganic particles and a discontinuous arrangement of conductive material wherein at least a portion of the conductive material is in durable electrical contact with the inorganic particles, and conductive material dispersed in the polymeric material. 1. A method of making an electrical stress control device comprising:forming a filler material comprising inorganic particles and a discontinuous arrangement of conductive material, wherein at least a portion of the conductive material is in durable electrical contact with the inorganic particles;blending the filler material into an elastomeric material to form an elastomeric composition; andforming the elastomeric composition into a stress control device;wherein the volume ratio of the inorganic particles to conductive material is about 6 to about 12, and wherein the inorganic particles are modified with nanosilica.2. The method of wherein the conductive material is selected from the group consisting of carbon black claim 1 , carbon nanotubes claim 1 , clusters of carbon particles claim 1 , graphite claim 1 , insulating particles having conductive coatings claim 1 , metals such as silver claim 1 , gold claim 1 , palladium claim 1 , and aluminum claim 1 , and alloys of such metals claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. The method of wherein the conductive material in durable electrical contact with the inorganic particles and the conductive material dispersed in the elastomeric material are different materials.4. The method of wherein the combined amount of conductive material in the composition is between about 40 and about 70 vol % of the amount of conductive material needed to attain the composition's percolation threshold.5. The method of further comprising a relative dielectric constant value that changes in a non-linear manner upon a change in applied voltage.7. The ...

ACID-MODIFIED NANOPARTICLES, DUAL PART POLYMERIZABLE COMPOSITIONS, AND METHODS

A dual part polymerizable composition is provided including a first part containing at least one triorganoborane-amine complex having the structure Z—NHR—B(R)wherein: Z is an organic group; Ris H or an organic group; and each Ris independently an organic group bound to the boron atom through a carbon atom. The composition also includes a second part containing a polymerizable component and acidified nanoparticles including acid groups, where each acidified nanoparticle includes an inorganic core and acid groups. The acid groups include acid stabilizers and/or acid groups covalently bound to the inorganic core through an organic group. Each inorganic core is typically an inorganic oxide core, e.g., silica, zirconia, or alumina. 1. A dual part polymerizable composition comprising:{'sup': 1', '2, 'sub': '3', 'claim-text': i. Z is an organic group;', {'sup': '1', 'ii. Ris H or an organic group; and'}, {'sup': '2', 'iii. each Ris independently an organic group bound to the boron atom through a carbon atom; and'}], 'a. a first part comprising at least one triorganoborane-amine complex having the structure Z—NHR—B(R)whereinb. a second part comprising a polymerizable component and a plurality of acidified nanoparticles comprising acid groups, wherein each acidified nanoparticle comprises an inorganic core and acid groups, wherein the acid groups comprise acid stabilizers, acid groups covalently bound to the inorganic core through an organic group, or combinations thereof.2. The dual part polymerizable composition of wherein the acid stabilizers are selected from the group consisting of claim 1 , (C1-C4)monocarboxylic acids claim 1 , (C2-C6)dicarboxylic acids claim 1 , (C6-C14)aryl carboxylic acids claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. The dual part polymerizable composition of wherein the acid stabilizers are selected from the group consisting of acetic acid claim 1 , formic acid claim 1 , propanoic acid claim 1 , butanoic acid claim 1 , benzoic acid claim 1 , oxalic acid ...

DIELECTRIC MATERIAL WITH NON-LINEAR DIELECTRIC CONSTANT

Provided is a composition comprising a polymeric material, a filler material dispersed in the polymeric material, the filler material comprising inorganic particles and a discontinuous arrangement of conductive material wherein at least a portion of the conductive material is in durable electrical contact with the inorganic particles, and conductive material dispersed in the polymeric material. 1. A composition comprising:an elastomeric material;a filler material dispersed in the elastomeric material, the filler material comprising inorganic particles and a discontinuous arrangement of conductive material, wherein at least a portion of the conductive material is in durable electrical contact with the inorganic particles; andconductive material dispersed in the elastomeric material;wherein the volume ratio of the inorganic particles to conductive material is about 6 to about 12; and wherein the inorganic particles are modified with nanosilica.2. The composition of wherein the conductive material is selected from the group consisting of carbon black claim 1 , carbon nanotubes claim 1 , clusters of carbon particles claim 1 , graphite claim 1 , insulating particles having conductive coatings claim 1 , metals such as silver claim 1 , gold claim 1 , palladium claim 1 , and aluminum claim 1 , and alloys of such metals claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. The composition of wherein the conductive material in durable electrical contact with the inorganic particles and the conductive material dispersed in the elastomeric material are different materials.4. The composition of wherein the combined amount of conductive material in the composition is between about 40 and about 70 vol % of the amount of conductive material needed to attain the composition's percolation threshold.5. The composition of further comprising a relative dielectric constant value that changes in a non-linear manner upon a change in applied voltage.6. The composition of wherein the volume loading of the ...

NANOPARTICLE FILLED BARRIER ADHESIVE COMPOSITIONS

A barrier adhesive composition comprises polyisobutylene resin, hydrophobic nanoparticles and sorbent nanoparticles. 1. A barrier adhesive composition comprising:(a) polyisobutylene resin;(b) hydrophobic nanoparticles; and(c) sorbent nanoparticles.2. The barrier adhesive composition of wherein the hydrophobic nanoparticles are surface modified.3. The barrier adhesive composition of wherein the hydrophobic nanoparticles comprise surface modified metal oxide nanoparticles.4. The barrier adhesive composition of wherein the hydrophobic nanoparticles are treated with a silane or a carboxylic acid.5. The barrier adhesive composition of wherein the hydrophobic nanoparticles comprise surface modified nanosilica.6. The barrier adhesive composition of wherein the hydrophobic surface modified nanoparticles comprise nanosilica treated with an organosilane claim 5 , wherein the organosilane comprises an alkyl group.7. The barrier adhesive composition of wherein the hydrophobic nanoparticles have an average particle size of no greater than about 100 nm.8. The barrier adhesive composition of wherein the hydrophobic nanoparticles have an average particle size of about 3 nm to about 30 nm.9. The barrier adhesive composition of wherein the sorbent nanoparticles comprise metal oxide.10. The barrier adhesive composition of wherein the sorbent nanoparticles comprise calcium oxide.11. The barrier adhesive composition of wherein the calcium oxide has an average particle size of no greater than about 200 nm.12. The barrier adhesive composition of wherein the resin system comprises a polyisobutylene resin having a viscosity average molecular weight of about 40 claim 1 ,000 to about 2 claim 1 ,600 claim 1 ,000 g/mol.13. The barrier adhesive composition of wherein the resin system comprises a polyisobutylene resin having a viscosity average molecular weight of about 300 claim 12 ,000 to about 900 claim 12 ,000 g/mol.14. The barrier adhesive composition of comprising about 1 to about 10 wt. % ...

COMPOSITE PARTICLES AND METHOD OF FORMING

Composite particles and a method of forming composite particles are described. The composite particles comprise at least one inorganic nanoparticle covalently bound to at least one inorganic microparticle with a linking compound. Lubricant compositions and sprayable dispersion compositions comprising composite particles are also described. 1. A composite particle comprising:at least one inorganic microparticle;at least one inorganic nanoparticle; and {'br': None, 'sub': n', 'm, 'Si(Z)(R)'}, 'a linking compound covalently bonding said nanoparticle to said microparticle, the linking compound of the formulawhereineach Z is independently selected from the group consisting of —OR′ and —X;{'sub': 1', '6, 'wherein R′ is C-Cselected from linear, branched, and cyclic groups, or combinations thereof and optionally which may be substituted, and each X is a halide;'}{'sub': 1', '18, 'each R is C-Cselected from linear, branched, and cyclic groups, or combinations thereof, or which may be substituted; n is 0 or 1; and m is 1 or 2.'}2. The composite particle of wherein Z is a functional group that is capable of chemically reacting and attaching through M to the surface of each of the inorganic nanoparticle and the inorganic macroparticles.3. The composite particle of of the general formula:{'br': None, '(mp-)Si(R)(-np), where'}{'sub': 1', '18, 'each R is C-Cselected from linear, branched, and cyclic groups, or combinations thereof;'}(mp) represents a microparticle, and(np) represents a nanoparticle.4. The composite particle of claim 1 , wherein the at least one inorganic microparticle has a spherical claim 1 , ellipsoidal claim 1 , or cubic shape.5. The composite particle of claim 1 , wherein the at least one inorganic microparticle is selected from the group consisting of metals claim 1 , metal oxides claim 1 , or ceramics claim 1 , and combinations thereof.6. The composite particle of claim 5 , wherein the metals claim 5 , metal oxides claim 5 , or ceramics are selected from the ...

INTELLIGENT KEY SELECTION AND GENERATION

A method, computer program product, and system for selecting and generating a key to perform a cryptographic operation are described. The method includes receiving one or more inputs representing criteria for the key, the one or more inputs excluding an explicit identification of the key and one of the one or more inputs specifying the cryptographic operation; retrieving, from a memory device, information corresponding with the one or more inputs; selecting and generating the key based on the one or more inputs and the information; and performing the cryptographic operation using the key. 1. A computer program product for selecting and generating a key to perform a cryptographic operation , the computer program product comprising:a computer readable storage medium having program instructions embodied therewith, the program instructions readable by a processing circuit to cause the processing circuit to perform a method comprising:receiving one or more inputs representing criteria for the key, the one or more inputs excluding an explicit identification of the key and one of the one or more inputs specifying the cryptographic operation;retrieving, from a memory device, information corresponding with the one or more inputs;selecting and generating the key based on the one or more inputs and the information; andperforming the cryptographic operation using the key.2. The computer program product according to claim 1 , wherein the receiving the one or more inputs includes receiving one or more of a specification of an international standard claim 1 , a specification of an industry standard claim 1 , an indication of a type of data provided with a specification of the cryptographic operation claim 1 , and a criteria for an output key.3. The computer program product according to claim 1 , wherein the retrieving the information includes retrieving an international standard or an industry standard claim 1 , and the cryptographic operation includes one of an encryption claim 1 ...

INTELLIGENT KEY SELECTION AND GENERATION

A method, computer program product, and system for selecting and generating a key to perform a cryptographic operation are described. The method includes receiving one or more inputs representing criteria for the key, the one or more inputs excluding an explicit identification of the key and one of the one or more inputs specifying the cryptographic operation; retrieving, from a memory device, information corresponding with the one or more inputs; selecting and generating the key based on the one or more inputs and the information; and performing the cryptographic operation using the key. 1receiving one or more inputs representing criteria for the key, the one or more inputs excluding an explicit identification of the key and one of the one or more inputs specifying the cryptographic operation;retrieving, from a memory device, information corresponding with the one or more inputs;selecting and generating, using a processor, the key based on a correspondence between the one or more inputs and the information;performing, using the processor, the cryptographic operation using the key to obtain cryptographic output;generating, using the processor, a data structure as a key token, the data structure including the key and information indicating a type of the key; andoutputting the cryptographic output and the key token.. A computer-implemented method of selecting and generating a key to perform a cryptographic operation, the method comprising: This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/565,608 filed Dec. 10, 2014, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.The present invention relates generally to cryptographic operations, and more specifically, to intelligent key selection and generation.A cryptographic operation controls access to information. Exemplary operations include encryption of data, generation of a digital signature, and generation of a message authentication code (MAC). In each case, performing the ...

BATH WITH FLOWING WATER

A water bath apparatus for producing a generally unidirectional or non-centric, gentle and/or relaxing water flow within a tub about a user's body without noticeable or significant vibration and/or noise, including a water flow that is directed away from, or at least not towards, the center of the tub, such as a generally unidirectional or non-centric water flow along or across the tub so as to provide or emulate a flowing stream of water along the body of the user. Specifically placed water inlet ports and water outlet ports provide for the generally unidirectional or non-centric water flow. 1. A water bath apparatus comprising:a tub for holding a fluid, the tub having a bottom with a perimeter and the tub having an enclosure wall, wherein the enclosure wall is attached to and extends upwards from the bottom at or proximal to the perimeter so as to form the tub;a first water inlet port located at a first inlet position on the enclosure wall for introducing the fluid into the tub, the first inlet position being proximal to a first end of the tub;a second water inlet port located at a second inlet position on the enclosure wall for introducing the fluid into the tub, the second inlet position being proximal to the first end of the tub;a first water outlet port located at a first outlet position on the enclosure wall for removing the fluid from the tub, the first outlet position being proximal to a second end of the tub, the second end of the tub being distal from the first end of the tub;a second water outlet port located at a second outlet position on the enclosure wall for removing the fluid from the tub, the second outlet position being proximal to the second end of the tub; anda pump for circulating the fluid from the pump to and through the water inlet ports into the tub and out of the tub through the water outlet ports back to the pump,wherein when the tub contains the fluid, the pump causes the fluid to move in a fluid flow direction generally from the water ...

INTUMESCENT CAULKING COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS

Embodiments herein include intumescent caulking compositions and methods related thereto. In an embodiment, an intumescent caulking composition is included having a nitrogen phosphorus component and an expandable graphite. The composition can exhibit a char expansion ratio of at least 8, a char strength of at least 8 N, and a caulk rate of greater than 100 gm/min after 1 day. In an embodiment, an intumescent caulking composition is included having at least about 5 wt. % ethylene diamine phosphate, at least about 5 wt. % expandable graphite, and at least about 30 wt. % of an elastomeric binder. In an embodiment, a method of making an intumescent caulking composition is included. In an embodiment, a method of using an intumescent caulking composition is included. In an embodiment, a method of enhancing the fire retardancy of a wall or floor is included. Other embodiments are also included herein. 1. An intumescent caulking composition comprising:a nitrogen phosphorus component;an expandable graphite; a char expansion ratio of at least 8;', 'a char strength of at least 8 N; and', 'a caulk rate of greater than 100 gm/min after 1 day., 'the composition exhibiting2. The intumescent caulking composition of claim 1 , the nitrogen phosphorus component comprising ethylene diamine phosphate.3. The intumescent caulking composition of claim 1 , the composition exhibiting a char expansion ratio of at least 10.4. The intumescent caulking composition of claim 1 , the composition exhibiting a char strength of at least 10 N.5. The intumescent caulking composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition includes at least about 5 wt. % of the nitrogen phosphorus component.6. The intumescent caulking composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition includes from about 5 wt. % to about 45 wt. % of the nitrogen phosphorus component.7. The intumescent caulking composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition includes from about 5 wt. % to about 45 wt. % of the expandable graphite.8. The ...

PRESSURE EQUALIZATION APPARATUS AND ASSOCIATED SYSTEMS AND METHODS

A pressure equalization apparatus can include separate longitudinal bores which form a continuous flowpath, the flowpath alternating direction between the bores, and the bores being interconnected at opposite ends thereof. A well system can include a well tool with a chamber therein containing an assembly in a dielectric fluid, and a pressure equalization apparatus including a flowpath having one end connected to the chamber, and the other end connected to a source of a another fluid, the flowpath extending in opposite directions between the flowpath ends through multiple separate bores. A method of installing a well tool can include attaching a mandrel to the well tool, then lowering the well tool at least partially into the well suspended from the mandrel, and then securing a pressure equalization apparatus to the mandrel, a flowpath of the apparatus being connected to a chamber of the well tool containing an assembly. 113-. (canceled)14. A well system , comprising:a well tool including a chamber therein containing an assembly in a dielectric first fluid; anda pressure equalization apparatus including a flowpath having first and second opposite ends, the first end being connected to the chamber, the second end being connected to a source of a second fluid, the flowpath extending in alternating opposite directions between the first and second ends through multiple separate bores.15. The system of claim 14 , wherein the bores are formed in tubes.16. The system of claim 14 , wherein the bores are circumferentially spaced apart.17. The system of claim 14 , wherein the flowpath extends alternately upward and downward in respective successive ones of the bores.18. The system of claim 14 , wherein the bores are formed through respective multiple tubes which extend at least partially circumferentially about a mandrel.19. The system of claim 18 , wherein the tubes are clamped to the mandrel claim 18 , and wherein the mandrel is attached to the well tool.20. The system of ...

FOAMS AND METHODS OF MAKING

Reaction mixtures, foams prepared from the reaction mixtures, articles containing the foams, and methods of making the foams are provided. The polymeric material in the foam is formed from a polymerizable composition that includes a di(meth)acrylate oligomer and a monomer having a single ethylenically unsaturated group. The foams are highly filled (e.g., at least 60 volume percent of the foam is the filler) and can be thermally conductive. Although the foams contain a large amount of filler, the foams can be compressed at least 40 volume percent with an applied pressure of 50 pounds per square inch (345 kiloPascals). 1. A reaction mixture comprising: 1) a urethane di(meth)acrylate in an amount of 30 to 70 weight percent based on a total weight of the polymerizable composition, the urethane di(meth)acrylate having a number average molecular weight of at least 5,000 grams/mole and having a hydrophobic group selected from an olefinic group with at least 12 carbon atoms or from a carbocyclic aromatic group;', '2) at least one monomer having a single (meth)acryloyl group in an amount of 30 to 70 weight percent based on a total weight of the polymerizable composition;, 'a) a polymerizable composition comprising'}b) an azo compound in an amount in a range of 20 to 70 grams per 100 grams of the polymerizable composition, wherein the azo compound is a free radical generator and generates nitrogen gas when heated; andc) a filler in an amount of at least 60 volume percent based on a total volume of the polymerizable composition plus filler, wherein the filler is spherical or roundish with a circularity greater than 0.70 and at least 90 percent of the filler has a longest dimension greater than 50 micrometers.2. The reaction mixture of claim 1 , wherein at least 90 percent of the filler has a longest dimension that is no greater than 1 millimeter.3. The reaction mixture of claim 1 , wherein the filler is a thermally conductive filler.4. The reaction mixture of claim 1 , wherein ...

REMOTELY OPERATED PRODUCTION VALVE AND METHOD

A method of actuating multiple valves in a well can include applying a pressure cycle to the valves without causing actuation of any of the valves, and then simultaneously reducing pressure applied to the valves, thereby actuating the valves. Another method can include releasing a locking device of each valve which prevents actuation, and then reducing pressure applied to the valves, thereby actuating the valves. A valve can include a port which provides for fluid communication between an exterior and an interior of the valve, a closure member which selectively permits and prevents fluid flow through the port, the closure member permits flow through the port in response to a decrease in a pressure differential from the interior to the exterior of the valve, and a locking device which prevents displacement of the closure member, the locking device being released in response to mechanical force applied to the locking device. 120-. (canceled)21. A remotely operated valve for use with a subterranean well , the valve comprising:a port which provides for fluid communication between an exterior and an interior of the valve;a closure member which selectively permits and prevents fluid flow through the port, the closure member permits flow through the port in response to a decrease in a pressure differential from the interior to the exterior of the valve; anda locking device which prevents displacement of the closure member, the locking device being releasable in response to mechanical force applied to the locking device.22. The valve of claim 21 , wherein the locking device comprises a sleeve having an internal profile formed thereon.23. The valve of claim 22 , wherein the internal profile is engaged by a shifting tool which comprises multiple sets of shifting keys claim 22 , a first set which claim 22 , when engaged claim 22 , is operative to retract a second set and extend a third set which engages the profile.24. The valve of claim 21 , wherein the closure member is ...

Retroreflective elements including particles

The present disclosure generally relates to retroreflective elements including a core and a plurality of glass or glass-ceramic beads adjacent to the core. The retroreflective elements further include a plurality of particles having a diameter that is less than the diameter of the glass or glass ceramic beads in the retroreflective elements. The present disclosure also generally relates to articles (including, for example, retroreflective roadway liquid pavement markings) including these retroreflective elements and methods of making and using these retroreflective elements.

Valves for Autonomous Activation of Downhole Tools

An autonomous valve includes a fluid-sensitive actuator operable to automatically actuate the valve in response to being exposed to a target fluid. The target fluid may be a fluid whose presence is generally undesirable in a production fluid, such as water, and the valve may be actuated to stop flow from an interval within a wellbore that is no longer expected to produce hydrocarbon-bearing fluids. The valve further includes a protective layer disposed between the fluid inlet and the fluid-sensitive actuator, the protective layer being insoluble in the target fluid. The fluid-sensitive actuator may include a swellable piston that swells to actuate the valve in the presence of the target fluid, a soluble plug that isolates a hydraulic, closing piston until the soluble plug is dissolved into the target fluid, and an electromechanical actuator that closes the valve in response to detecting the target fluid using an electronic sensor.

FOAM COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING POLYLACTIC ACID POLYMER, POLYVINYL ACETATE POLYMER AND PLASTICIZER, ARTICLES, AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING SAME

Foam compositions are provided including a polylactic acid polymer; second (e.g., polyvinyl acetate) polymer having a glass transition temperature (T) of at least 25° C.; and plasticizer. Also described are articles comprising the foam compositions, such as a sheet or hearing protection article. Methods of making and using the foam compositions are further described herein. 2. The foam composition of claim 1 , wherein the polylactic acid polymer comprises an amorphous polylactic acid polymer.3. The foam composition of claim 1 , wherein the polylactic acid polymer comprises a semicrystalline polylactic acid polymer.4. The foam composition of claim 1 , further comprising at least one nucleating agent selected from a cell nucleating agent claim 1 , a crystallization nucleating agent claim 1 , a cell stabilizer claim 1 , and a combination thereof.5. The foam composition of claim 4 , wherein the cell stabilizer comprises silica nanoparticles functionalized with a polyethylene glycol silane.6. The foam composition of claim 1 , further comprising a crosslinking agent.7. The foam composition of claim 1 , further comprising a crosslink catalyst comprising an alkyl or alkenyl ammonium claim 1 , phosphonium claim 1 , or imidizolium salt.9. The foam composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition does not exhibit plasticizer migration when aged at 80° C. for 24 hours.10. The foam composition of claim 1 , wherein the foam composition comprises a rough surface morphology.12. A foam sheet comprising the foam composition of .13. A hearing protection article comprising the foam composition of .14. A method of making a foam composition claim 1 , the method comprising:{'sub': 'g', 'a. compressing a mixture comprising a polylactic acid polymer; a second polymer having a Tof at least 25° C., wherein the second polymer comprises polyvinyl acetate; a plasticizer; and a blowing agent; and'}b. heating the compressed mixture, thereby forming the foam composition.15. The method of claim 14 , ...

COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING BIGUANIDE COMPOUND AND DIOL SURFACTANT

Antimicrobial compositions are described comprising a least one biguanide compound and at least one hydrocarbon surfactant comprising a saturated or unsaturated C-Cdiol moiety and optionally further comprising alkoxy groups. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises an aqueous or hydrophilic liquid carrier. In favored embodiments, the diol surfactant is present in an amount such that the antimicrobial activity of the biguanide antimicrobial compound is improved. Also described are articles comprising the described antimicrobial composition and methods of use of the antimicrobial composition. 2. The antimicrobial composition of wherein the composition further comprises an aqueous or hydrophilic liquid carrier.3. The antimicrobial composition of wherein the aqueous carrier comprises at least 50 wt-% water.4. The antimicrobial composition of wherein the aqueous or hydrophilic liquid carrier comprises an alkyl alcohol claim 1 , ether glycol claim 1 , or combination thereof.5. The antimicrobial composition of wherein the composition further comprises a thickener.6. The antimicrobial composition of wherein the biguanide antimicrobial compound is chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) or polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB).7. (canceled)8. The antimicrobial composition of wherein the biguanide antimicrobial compound is present at a concentration less than 5 wt-%.9. (canceled)10. The antimicrobial composition of wherein the surfactant is present in an amount such that the antimicrobial activity of the biguanide antimicrobial compound is improved.11. (canceled)13. (canceled)14. An article comprising the composition of absorbed or disposed on a carrier substrate.15. The article of wherein the carrier substrate is a swab claim 14 , brush claim 14 , woven cloth claim 14 , sponge claim 14 , foam claim 14 , fiber claim 14 , and non-woven or paper substrate.16. A method of use comprising providing the composition of and applying the composition to a surface.17. The method of use ...

Valves for Autonomous Actuation of Downhole Tools

An autonomous valve includes a fluid-sensitive actuator operable to automatically actuate the valve in response to being exposed to a target fluid. The target fluid may be a fluid whose presence is generally undesirable in a production fluid, such as water, and the valve may be actuated to stop flow from an interval within a wellbore that is no longer expected to produce hydrocarbon-bearing fluids. The valve further includes a protective layer disposed between the fluid inlet and the fluid-sensitive actuator, the protective layer being insoluble in the target fluid. The fluid-sensitive actuator may include a swellable piston that swells to actuate the valve in the presence of the target fluid, a soluble plug that isolates a hydraulic, closing piston until the soluble plug is dissolved into the target fluid, and an electromechanical actuator that closes the valve in response to detecting the target fluid using an electronic sensor. 1. A method of autonomously actuating a valve for controlling flow of a production fluid from a geological formation , the method comprising: 'an electronic sensor; and a fluid motivated piston coupled to a valve closing member, the fluid motivated piston being disposed between a fluid inlet of the fluid-sensitive actuator and a chamber at a first pressure;', 'deploying a tubing segment in a wellbore, the tubing segment including a conduit and the valve, wherein the valve defines a fluid flow path between an inlet of the valve fluidly coupled to an exterior of the tubing segment and an outlet of the valve fluidly coupled to the conduit, the valve comprising a fluid-sensitive actuator comprising an electromechanical actuator comprising a controller, a power source, and'}receiving the production fluid to the valve inlet;detecting a target fluid with the electronic sensor; andopening the fluid inlet of the fluid-sensitive actuator in response to detecting the target fluid to allow the production fluid to engage the fluid motivated piston to ...

Nanoparticle Powder Composition and Method of Making the Same

Nanoparticle composition comprising hydrophobic, non-aggregate nanoparticles, an aqueous liquid, and gas, wherein the weight ratio of the hydrophobic, non-aggregated nanoparticles to the aqueous liquid in the nanoparticle powder composition is in a range from 1:1 to 1:99. Nanoparticle powder compositions described herein are useful, for example, for generating foams, delivering water as a dry raw material, as a material that serves as a heat sink. 1. A nanoparticle powder composition comprising hydrophobic , non-aggregated nanoparticles , an aqueous liquid , and gas , wherein the weight ratio of the hydrophobic , non-aggregated nanoparticles to the aqueous liquid in the nanoparticle powder composition is in a range from 1:1 to 1:99.2. The nanoparticle powder composition of claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of the hydrophobic claim 1 , non-aggregated nanoparticles to the aqueous liquid in the nanoparticle powder composition is in a range from 1:1 to 2.2: 97.8.3. The nanoparticle powder composition of claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of the hydrophobic claim 1 , non-aggregated nanoparticles to the aqueous liquid in the nanoparticle powder composition is in a range from 1:1 to 5:95.4. The nanoparticle powder composition of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous liquid consists of water.5. The nanoparticle powder composition of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous liquid comprises water and at least organic liquid.6. The nanoparticle powder composition of claim 5 , wherein the organic liquid is present in a range from greater than zero to 10 percent by weight claim 5 , based on the total weight of the aqueous liquid.7. The nanoparticle powder composition of claim 1 , wherein the gas is air.8. The nanoparticle powder composition of claim 1 , wherein the nanoparticles comprise at least one of ceramic or metal.9. The nanoparticle powder composition of claim 1 , wherein the nanoparticles comprise at least one of SiO claim 1 , TiO claim 1 , MgO claim 1 , AlO claim 1 , FeO claim 1 , ZnO ...

Methods of use for compositions comprising biguanide compound and diol surfactant

Method of use for antimicrobial compositions are described comprising a least one biguanide compound and at least one hydrocarbon surfactant comprising a saturated or unsaturated C-Cdiol moiety and optionally further comprising alkoxy groups. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises an aqueous or hydrophilic liquid carrier. In favored embodiments, the diol surfactant is present in an amount such that the antimicrobial activity of the biguanide antimicrobial compound is improved. Also described are articles comprising the described antimicrobial composition. 2. The method of wherein the hard surface is a kitchen or bathroom surface.3. The method of wherein the aqueous carrier further comprises an alkyl alcohol claim 1 , ether glycol claim 1 , or combination thereof.4. The method of wherein the antimicrobial composition further comprises a thickener.5. The method of wherein the biguanide antimicrobial compound is chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) or polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB).6. The method of wherein the biguanide antimicrobial compound is present at a concentration less than 5 wt-%.7. The method of wherein the biguanide antimicrobial compound(s) and surfactants(s) are present at a weight ratio ranging from 100:1 to 1:10.8. The method of wherein the hydrocarbon surfactant is present in an amount such that the antimicrobial activity of the biguanide antimicrobial compound is improved.9. The method of wherein the antimicrobial composition is absorbed or disposed onto a wipe.10. The method of wherein the antimicrobial composition is applied to the hard surface by spraying the antimicrobial composition.11. The method of further comprising and at least partially removing the aqueous or hydrophilic liquid from the hard surface by wiping with a cloth claim 1 , paper towel claim 1 , or sponge.12. An article comprising a hard surface and the dried antimicrobial composition according to .14. The method of wherein the aqueous carrier further comprises an alkyl ...

TRIORGANOBORANE-AMINO FUNCTIONALIZED NANOPARTICLES, COMPOSITIONS, AND METHODS

Surface-modified nanoparticles wherein each nanoparticle includes an inorganic core and surface modifying groups, wherein the surface modifying groups include at least one triorganoborane-amine complex having the structure —Z—NHR—B(R)wherein: Z is a divalent organic group; Ris H or an organic group; and each Ris independently an organic group bound to the boron atom through a carbon atom. The inorganic core is typically an inorganic oxide core, e.g., silica, zirconia, or alumina. 1. A surface-modified nanoparticle comprising an inorganic core and surface modifying groups , wherein the surface modifying groups comprise at least one triorganoborane-amine complex having the structure —Z—NHR—B(R)3 wherein:Z is a divalent organic group;{'sup': '1', 'Ris H or an organic group; and'}{'sup': '2', 'each Ris independently an organic group bound to the boron atom through a carbon atom.'}2. The nanoparticle of wherein the inorganic core comprises an inorganic oxide core.3. The nanoparticle of wherein:Z is a divalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms;{'sup': '1', 'Ris H, an alkyl group, or a cycloalkyl group; and'}{'sup': '2', 'each Ris independently an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group, or an alkaryl group.'}4. The nanoparticle of wherein:Z is a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms;{'sup': '1', 'Ris H or a (C1-C6)alkyl group or a (C4-C8)cycloalkyl group; and'}{'sup': '2', 'each Ris independently a (C1-C20)alkyl group, a (C4-C8)cycloalkyl group, a (C6-C14)ar(C1-C10)alkyl group, or a (C1-C10)alk(C6-C14)aryl group.'}5. The nanoparticle of wherein:Z is a divalent organic group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms;{'sup': '1', 'Ris H; and'}{'sup': '2', 'each Ris independently a (C1-C6)alkyl group.'}6. The nanoparticle of wherein each Ris the same in the structure —Z—NHR—B(R).7. The nanoparticle of wherein the surface modifying groups further comprise amine-functional organic groups not complexed with a triorganoborane.8. The nanoparticle of wherein the ...

INTELLIGENT KEY SELECTION AND GENERATION

A method, computer program product, and system for selecting and generating a key to perform a cryptographic operation are described. The method includes receiving one or more inputs representing criteria for the key, the one or more inputs excluding an explicit identification of the key and one of the one or more inputs specifying the cryptographic operation; retrieving, from a memory device, information corresponding with the one or more inputs; selecting and generating the key based on the one or more inputs and the information; and performing the cryptographic operation using the key. 1a memory device configured to store information corresponding with one or more inputs representing criteria for the key, the one or more inputs excluding an explicit identification of the key and the one or more inputs specifying the cryptographic operation, data on which to perform the cryptographic operation, and a type of the data; anda processor configured to obtain the one or more inputs, retrieve information corresponding with the one or more inputs, the information including an industry standard corresponding with the type of the data, select and generate the key based on the information including the industry standard corresponding with the type of the data, perform the cryptographic operation on the data, using the key, to obtain cryptographic output, generate data structures as two or more key tokens, each data structure including the key and information indicating a respective type of the key, and output the cryptographic output and the two or more key tokens.. A security system to select and generate a key to perform a cryptographic operation, the system comprising: This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/062,431 filed Mar. 7, 2016, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/565,608 filed Dec. 10, 2014, the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.The present invention relates generally to ...

Foam including surface-modified nanoparticles

A foam composition that includes a vehicle and surface-modified nanoparticles disposed in the vehicle. The individual nanoparticles having a particle diameter of less than about 100 nanometers.

Emulsions including surface-modified inorganic nanoparticles

The invention is related to emulsions containing surface-modified inorganic nanoparticles.

Solution containing surface-modified nanoparticles

Coating solutions comprising surface-modified nanoparticles, a first liquid having a vapor pressure, VP 1 , and a second liquid miscible with the first liquid, having a vapor pressure, VP 2 , that is less than VP 1 , wherein the nanoparticles are more compatible with the first liquid than with the second liquid, are provided. Methods of applying and drying these solutions, and articles comprising substrates coated with these solutions are also provided.

Use of a silicone surfactant in polishing compositions

An aqueous polishing composition comprising a film forming polymer and an ionic silicone surfactant is described. The polish can be applied to a variety of substrates, particularly to floor surfaces. The coatings are smooth and soil resistant. The polish composition performs as well as state-of-the-art formulations containing a fluorocarbon surfactant.

Light extraction film with nanoparticle coatings

A multifunctional optical film for enhancing light extraction includes a flexible substrate, a structured layer having nanoparticles of different sizes, and a backfill layer. The structured layer effectively uses microreplicated diffractive or scattering nanostructures located near enough to the light generation region to enable extraction of an evanescent wave from an organic light emitting diode (OLED) device. The backfill layer has a material having an index of refraction different from the index of refraction of the structured layer. The backfill layer also provides a planarizing layer over the structured layer in order to conform the light extraction film to a layer of an OLED display device. The film may have additional layers added to or incorporated within it to an emissive surface in order to effect additional functionalities beyond improvement of light extraction efficiency.

Polymerizable compositions free of organic emulsifier and polymers and methods of making thereof

Described herein is a polymerizable composition substantially free of an organic emulsifier, methods of making, and articles thereof. The polymerizable composition comprises: a continuous phase; a polymerizable monomer; an initiator; and inorganic nanoparticles, wherein the inorganic nanoparticles are substantially free of groups that will copolymerize with the polymerizable monomer.

Method of obtaining a treatment composition for improving the productivity of hydrocarbon producing wells

A method of obtaining a treatment composition for treating a hydrocarbon-bearing clastic formation having brine therein to enhance recovery of hydrocarbon from the formation. The method comprises: obtaining a formation information set comprising a temperature value, brine content value, and brine composition data obtained from a geological zone of the hydrocarbon-bearing clastic formation; comparing the formation information set to a compatibility information set to generate a comparison information set, the compatibility information set comprising compatibility information for at least at least one model brine and at least one model composition at at least one model temperature; selecting a treatment composition based, at least in part, on the at least one comparison information set, wherein the treatment composition comprises a second surfactant dissolved in a second solvent; and obtaining the treatment composition for treating the hydrocarbon-bearing clastic formation to enhance recovery of hydrocarbon from the formation.

Use of surface-modified nanoparticles for oil recovery

The present invention provides the use of surface-modified nanoparticles in fluids used to recover hydrocarbon from underground formations. The use of surface-modified nanoparticles in such fluids provides foams that are stable under pressure yet have a shorter foam lifetime than typical surfactant-stabilized foams after the pressure is released or lowered.

Foam compositions comprising polylactic acid polymer, polyvinyl acetate polymer and plasticizer, articles, and methods of making and using same

Foam compositions are provided including a polylactic acid polymer; second (e.g., polyvinyl acetate) polymer having a glass transition temperature (T g ) of at least 25° C.; and plasticizer. Also described are articles comprising the foam compositions, such as a sheet or hearing protection article. Methods of making and using the foam compositions are further described herein.

Method for treating a fractured formation with a non-ionic fluorinated polymeric surfactant

The present invention includes compositions and methods of treating a hydrocarbon-bearing formation, the formation having at least one fracture, by contacting the fracture with a composition that includes a solvent and a nonionic fluorinated polymeric surfactant, wherein the composition interacts with at least a portion of the proppants in the fracture.

Fluorinated polymer compositions and methods for treating hydrocarbon containing formations using these compositions

Methods for treating hydrocarbon-bearing formations having brine.

La presente invención se refiere a un método para tratar formaciones que producen hidrocarburo que tienen formaciones que producen hidrocarburo tratado y con salmuera, El método incluye poner en contacto una formación que produce hidrocarburo con una composición que comprende solvente y un polímero. El polímero comprende unidades divalentes representadas por la fórmula: (fórmula I); y una pluralidad de grupos alquilenoxi. En algunas modalidades, el solvente al menos uno solubiliza o desplaza la salmuera en la formación. En algunas modalidades, el solvente incluye al menos uno de un poliol o poliol éter independientemente que tiene desde 2 hasta 25 átomos de carbono y al menos uno de agua, un monohidroxi alcohol, un éter, o una cetona, en donde el monohidroxi alcohol, el éter, y la cetona cada uno tiene independientemente hasta 4 átomos de carbono. Las formaciones que portan hidrocarburo y agentes apuntalantes tratados con el polímero también se describen.

Cationic fluorinated polymer compositions and methods for treating hydrocarbon-bearing formations using the same

Fluorinated polymers having first divalent units independently represented by formula (I) or formula (II) and second divalent units containing quaternary ammonium groups. Compositions containing the fluorinated polymer and solvent, methods of treating hydrocarbon-bearing formations using these compositions, and articles treated with the fluorinated polymers are disclosed. A method of making a composition containing the fluorinated polymer is also disclosed.

Method for treating hydrocarbon-bearing formations with fluorinated amine

Microemulsions containing water and hydrofluroethers

The invention provides a microemulsion that comprises from 0.1 to 99.0 parts by weight hydrofluoroether, from 1.0 to 99.9 parts by weight water, the sum of the parts of hydrofluoroether and water being 100 parts, and fluorinated surfactant. The microemulsions of the invention preferably contain a mixture of fluorinated surfactants and may also contain a non-fluorinated surfactant. The microemulsions of the invention may also further contain cosurfactant and/or cosolvent.

Method for Treating a Fractured Formation

The present invention includes compositions and methods of treating a hydrocarbon-bearing formation, the formation having at least one fracture, by contacting the fracture with a composition that includes a solvent and a nonionic fluorinated polymeric surfactant, wherein the composition interacts with at least a portion of the proppants in the fracture.

Remote Actuated Downhole Pressure Barrier and Method for Use of Same

A downhole pressure barrier ( 100 ) operatively positionable in a subterranean well. The downhole pressure barrier ( 100 ) includes a housing ( 102 ) having a flow passage ( 122 ) formed therethrough. A plug member ( 124 ) that is positioned within the flow passage ( 122 ) selectively prevents flow through the flow passage ( 122 ) and allows flow through the flow passage ( 122 ) responsive to contact with an activating agent. At least one retainer assembly ( 130 ) supports the plug member ( 124 ) within the housing ( 102 ). The retainer assembly ( 130 ) selectively prevents communication between the activating agent and the plug member ( 124 ). An activating assembly including a combustible agent ( 164 ) that is positioned between the retainer assembly ( 130 ) and the plug member ( 124 ) is operable to create a communication path through the retainer assembly ( 130 ) upon combustion of the combustible agent ( 164 ) to allow communication between the activating agent and the plug member ( 124 ).

Compositions of particles

Particle compositions exhibiting improved floodability and/or flowability properties. The compositions generally contain particles and non-surface modified nanoparticles.

Method of modifying dissolution rate of particles by addition of hydrophobic nanoparticles

Method of modifying dissolution rate of a plurality of particles in an aqueous-based solvent by adding hydrophobic surface modified nanoparticles to the plurality of particles, and exposing the plurality of particles to the aqueous-based solvent.

Compositions of particles

Method of making particle compositions exhibiting improved floodability and/or flowability properties. The compositions generally contain particles and non-surface modified nanoparticles.

Use of surface-modified nanoparticles for oil recovery

The present invention provides the use of surface-modified nanoparticles in fluids used to recover hydrocarbon from underground formations. The use of surface-modified nanoparticles in such fluids provides foams that are stable under pressure yet have a shorter foam lifetime than typical surfactant-stabilized foams after the pressure is released or lowered.

Method of contacting hydrocarbon-bearing formations with fluorinated phosphate and phosphonate compositions

Method comprising contacting a hydrocarbon-bearing formation with a composition comprising solvent and a fluoropolyether compound. The fluoropolyether compound: is represented by formula Rf—[C(0)-NR 1 —X′—(Z) m ] n ; or comprises at least one first divalent unit represented by formula (I) and, at least one of, a second divalent unit comprising a pendant Z group; or a monovalent unit comprising a thioether linkage and at least one terminal Z group. Each Rf is independently a fluoropolyether group. Rf is a monovalent or divalent fluoropolyether group, and each Z group is independently —P(O)(OY) 2 or —O—P(O)(OY) 2 . Hydrocarbon-bearing formations treated according to this method are also disclosed.

Methods for treating hydrocarbon-bearing formations having brine

Methods for treating hydrocarbon-bearing formations with fluorinated anionic surfactant compositions

Methods of treating a hydrocarbon-bearing formation having brine and liquid hydrocarbons and treated hydrocarbon-bearing formations. The methods include contacting the hydrocarbon-bearing formation with a composition comprising solvent and a fluorinated anionic surfactant. In some embodiments, the solvent solubilizes the brine in the hydrocarbon-bearing formation without causing the fluorinated anionic surfactant to precipitate. In some embodiments, the solvent includes at least one of a polyol or polyol ether independently having from 2 to 25 carbon atoms and at least one of water, a monohydroxy alcohol, an ether, or a ketone, wherein the monohydroxy alcohol, the ether, and the ketone each independently have up to 4 carbon atoms.

Method for treating hydrocarbon-bearing formations with fluorinated amine

A method of modifying a surface of a hydrocarbon-bearing formation is disclosed. The method includes contacting the surface of the hydrocarbon-bearing formation with a fluorinated amine, and the surface of the hydrocarbon-bearing formation includes a carbonate. The method can typically include introducing a treatment composition comprising solvent and at least one of the fluorinated amine or a salt thereof into the carbonate hydrocarbon-bearing formation. Hydrocarbon-bearing formations treated according to the method are also disclosed. Certain fluorinated amines useful for treating carbonate hydrocarbon-bearing formations and methods of making them are also disclosed.

Composition including solvent and fluorinated polymer and method of treating a hydrocarbon-bearing formation

The composition includes a fluorinated polymer, a first solvent, and a second solvent. The fluorinated polymer includes: first divalent units represented by formula: (Formula X) wherein Rf represents a fluoroalkyl group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a polyfluoropolyether group; each R 1 is independently hydrogen or methyl; Q is a bond, -S0 2 -N(R)-, or -C(0)-N(R)-, wherein R is alkyl having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and m is an integer from 1 to 11, and second divalent units, each of which includes a poly(alkyleneoxy) group. The first solvent is ethylene glycol, 1, 2-propanediol, or 2,3-butanediol, and the second solvent is a linear monohydroxy alcohol having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms and optionally at least one ether linkage. A method of treating a hydrocarbon-bearing formation by contacting the hydrocarbon-bearing formation with the composition and a treated hydrocarbon-bearing formations are also disclosed.

LOCKING CHUCK FOR WELL FLOW DRIVING

L'INVENTION CONCERNE UN MANDRIN DE VERROUILLAGE AMOVIBLE D'UN OUTIL DANS UNE CONDUITE D'ECOULEMENT D'UN PUITS. CE MANDRIN 35 COMPORTE UN CORPS TUBULAIRE 36 SUR LEQUEL EST MONTE UN MANCHON 46 DE RETENUE DE CLIQUETS 50 DE VERROUILLAGE. UN MANCHON 60 DE VERROUILLAGE EST MOBILE SUR LE CORPS 36. CE DERNIER COMPORTE UN BOSSAGE ANNULAIRE EXTERIEUR 200 DE BLOCAGE, ET LA MANCHON 60 COMPORTE UNE BRIDE ANNULAIRE INTERIEURE 210 ET UN EVIDEMENT ANNULAIRE INTERIEUR 213 DE BLOCAGE QUI PERMETTENT UN BLOCAGE AMOVIBLE DU MANCHON 60 EN POSITION DE VERROUILLAGE, ET SON RETOUR EN POSITION DE LIBERATION, PAR DEFORMATION DE LA MATIERE EN DECA DE SES LIMITES D'ELASTICITE. DOMAINE D'APPLICATION: PUITS DE PETROLE ET DE GAZ. THE INVENTION RELATES TO A REMOVABLE LOCKING CHUCK FROM A TOOL IN A WELL DRAINAGE DUCT. THIS CHUCK 35 INCLUDES A TUBULAR BODY 36 ON WHICH IS MOUNTED A SLEEVE 46 FOR RETAINING LOCKING RATCHETS 50. A LOCKING SLEEVE 60 IS MOBILE ON THE BODY 36. THIS LATTER INCLUDES AN EXTERNAL LOCKING BOSS 200, AND THE SLEEVE 60 INCLUDES AN INTERNAL RING 210 AND AN INTERNAL LOCKING RECESS 213 WHICH ALLOWS A REMOVABLE BLOCKING IN THE HANDLE 60 LOCKING POSITION, AND ITS RETURN TO RELEASE POSITION, BY DEFORMATION OF THE MATERIAL BELOW ITS ELASTICITY LIMITS. FIELD OF APPLICATION: OIL AND GAS WELLS.

Remotely operated production valve and method

A method of actuating multiple valves in a well can include applying a pressure cycle to the valves without causing actuation of any of the valves, and then simultaneously reducing pressure applied to the valves, thereby actuating the valves. Another method can include releasing a locking device of each valve which prevents actuation, and then reducing pressure applied to the valves, thereby actuating the valves. A valve can include a port which provides for fluid communication between an exterior and an interior of the valve, a closure member which selectively permits and prevents fluid flow through the port, the closure member permits flow through the port in response to a decrease in a pressure differential from the interior to the exterior of the valve, and a locking device which prevents displacement of the closure member, the locking device being released in response to mechanical force applied to the locking device.

Kit of parts for producing a glass ionomer cement, process of production and use thereof

The invention relates to a kit of parts for preparing a glass ionomer composition for dental use, the kit of parts comprising a Powder Part P and a Liquid Part L, Powder Part P comprising: acid-reactive inorganic filler, Liquid Part L comprising: water, complexing agent, polyacid, either the Powder Part P or the Liquid Part L or the Powder Part P and the Liquid Part L comprising non-aggregated nano-sized particles based on silica or alumina, the composition obtained by combining the components of Powder Part P and Liquid Part L before hardening comprising the components in the following amounts: non-aggregated nano-sized particles: from 0.1 to 15 wt.-%, acid-reactive filler in an amount from 50 to 75 wt.-%, polyacid: 7 to 20 wt.-%, complexing agent: 0.5 to 3 wt.-%, water: 5 to 18 wt.-%, wt.-% with respect to the weight of the whole composition.

Structured abrasive article and method of using the same

A structured abrasive article includes a backing having a structured abrasive layer disposed on and secured thereto. The structured abrasive layer includes shaped abrasive composites that comprise abrasive particles and nonionic polyether surfactant dispersed in a crosslinked polymeric binder. The abrasive particles have a mean particle size of less than 10 micrometers. The nonionic polyether surfactant is not covalently bound to the crosslinked polymeric binder and is present in an amount of from 2.5 to 3.2 percent by weight based on a total weight of the shaped abrasive composites. The structured abrasive articles are useful for abrading a workpiece.

Processing mixtures of hydrocarbons and water

A method of facilitating separation of hydrocarbon from a mixture comprising 5 hydrocarbons and water is disclosed. The mixture is exposed to a composition comprising at least certain polymeric surfactants such that at least a portion of the hydrocarbons forms a separate layer from the remaining portion of the mixture. The disclosure further provides a use of certain polymeric surfactants to at least partially separate hydrocarbon from a mixture comprising hydrocarbons and water such that at least a portion of the 10 hydrocarbons forms a separate layer from the remaining portion of the mixture. The disclosure further provides a method of removing a sludge comprising a mixture of petroleum and water from a surface, the method comprising treating the sludge with an amount of a composition comprising certain polymeric surfactants effective to remove the sludge from the surface.

Light extraction film with nanoparticle coatings

A multifunctional optical film for enhancing light extraction includes a flexible substrate, a structured layer having nanoparticles of different sizes, and a backfill layer. The structured layer effectively uses microreplicated diffractive or scattering nanostructures located near enough to the light generation region to enable extraction of an evanescent wave from an organic light emitting diode (OLED) device. The backfill layer has a material having an index of refraction different from the index of refraction of the structured layer. The backfill layer also provides a planarizing layer over the structured layer in order to conform the light extraction film to a layer of an OLED display device. The film may have additional layers added to or incorporated within it to an emissive surface in order to effect additional functionalities beyond improvement of light extraction efficiency.

Compositions exhibiting improved flowability

Powder compositions exhibiting improved flow properties. The compositions generally contain a bulk solid material in the form of a powder and surface-modified nanoparticles. Methods of improving the flow of powder compositions and devices and articles made using such compositions are also disclosed.

COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR TREATMENT OF A WATER LOCKED WELL.

Compositions exhibiting improved flowability

Powder compositions exhibiting improved flow properties. The compositions generally contain a bulk solid material in the form of a powder and surface-modified nanoparticles. Methods of improving the flow of powder compositions and devices and articles made using such compositions are also disclosed.

Method for treating hydrocarbon-bearing formations with fluorinated amine

A method of modifying a surface of a hydrocarbon-bearing formation is disclosed. The method includes contacting the surface of the hydrocarbon-bearing formation with a fluorinated amine, and the surface of the hydrocarbon-bearing formation includes a carbonate. The method can typically include introducing a treatment composition comprising solvent and at least one of the fluorinated amine or a salt thereof into the carbonate hydrocarbon-bearing formation. Hydrocarbon-bearing formations treated according to the method are also disclosed. Certain fluorinated amines useful for treating carbonate hydrocarbon-bearing formations and methods of making them are also disclosed.

Inorganic pigment compositions comprising surface-modified nanoparticles, and methods of making

Inorganic pigment compositions comprising surface-modified nanoparticles are described, along with methods of making such compositions. Such compositions may allow the inorganic pigment to be diluted to a significant extent with non-pigmented extenders, while preserving or enhancing the coloring power of the pigment.

Compositions and coatings containing fluorescent, inorganic nanoparticles

Compositions and coatings are described that contain fluorescent, inorganic nanoparticles that can fluoresce when excited with actinic radiation. The compositions and coatings can be used for marking purposes, particularly for providing a mark that is invisible to the unaided human eye but that can be detected as a fluorescence signal when exposed to a suitable wavelength of actinic radiation.

Static dissipative articles

Methods for treating hydrocarbon-bearing formations having brine

Method of treating a hydrocarbon-bearing formation having brine and treated hydrocarbon-bearing formations. The method includes contacting a hydrocarbon-bearing formation with a composition comprising solvent and a polymer. The polymer comprises divalent units represented by formula : (formula I); and a plurality of alkyleneoxy groups. In some embodiments, the solvent at least one of solubilizes or displaces the brine in the formation. In some embodiments, the solvent includes at least one of a polyol or polyol ether independently having from 2 to 25 carbon atoms and at least one of water, a monohydroxy alcohol, an ether, or a ketone, wherein the monohydroxy alcohol, the ether, and the ketone each independently have up to 4 carbon atoms. Hydrocarbon-bearing formations and proppants treated with the polymer are also disclosed.

Method for treating hydrocarbon-bearing formations with fluorinated amine.

La presente invención se refiere a un método para modificar una superficie de una formación que contiene hidrocarburo. El método incluye poner en contacto la superficie de la formación que contiene hidrocarburo con una amina fluorada, y la superficie de la formación que contiene hidrocarburo incluye un carbonato. El método can típicamente incluye introducir una composición de tratamiento que comprende solvente y al menos una de la amina fluorada o una sal de la misma en la formación que contiene hidrocarburo carbonado. Las formaciones que contienen hidrocarburo tratado de conformidad con el método también se describen. Ciertas aminas fluoradas útiles para tratar formaciones que contienen hidrocarburo carbonado y métodos para elaborarlas también se describen.

Cationic fluorinated polymer compositions and methods for treating hydrocarbon-bearing formations using the same

Fluorinated polymers having first divalent units independently represented by formula (I) or formula (II) and second divalent units containing quaternary ammonium groups. Compositions containing the fluorinated polymer and solvent, methods of treating hydrocarbon-bearing formations using these compositions, and articles treated with the fluorinated polymers are disclosed. A method of making a composition containing the fluorinated polymer is also disclosed.

Polymerizable compositions free of organic emulsifier and polymers and methods of making thereof

Compositions of particles

Particle compositions exhibiting improved floodability and/or flowability properties. The compositions generally contain particles and non-surface modified nanoparticles.

Circulation control valve and associated method

A circulation control valve. A method of controlling circulation flow between an interior flow passage of a tubular string and an annulus external to the tubular string in a subterranean well includes the steps of: interconnecting a valve in the tubular string, the valve including at least one opening for providing fluid communication between the interior flow passage and the annulus; applying an increased pressure to the interior flow passage while fluid communication through the opening between the interior flow passage and the annulus is prevented, thereby permitting fluid communication through the opening between the interior flow passage and the annulus; and then applying another increased pressure to the interior flow passage while fluid communication through the opening between the interior flow passage and the annulus is permitted, thereby preventing fluid communication through the opening between the interior flow passage and the annulus.

Cationic fluorinated polymer compositions and methods for treating hydrocarbon-bearing formations using the same

Fluorinated polymers having first divalent units independently represented by formula (I) or formula (II) and second divalent units containing quaternary ammonium groups. Compositions containing the fluorinated polymer and solvent, methods of treating hydrocarbon-bearing formations using these compositions, and articles treated with the fluorinated polymers are disclosed. A method of making a composition containing the fluorinated polymer is also disclosed.

Valves for autonomous actuation of downhole tools

An autonomous valve includes a fluid-sensitive actuator operable to automatically actuate the valve in response to being exposed to a target fluid. The target fluid may be a fluid whose presence is generally undesirable in a production fluid, such as water, and the valve may be actuated to stop flow from an interval within a wellbore that is no longer expected to produce hydrocarbon-bearing fluids. The valve further includes a protective layer disposed between the fluid inlet and the fluid-sensitive actuator, the protective layer being insoluble in the target fluid. The fluid-sensitive actuator may include a swellable piston that swells to actuate the valve in the presence of the target fluid, a soluble plug that isolates a hydraulic, closing piston until the soluble plug is dissolved into the target fluid, and an electromechanical actuator that closes the valve in response to detecting the target fluid using an electronic sensor.

Safety valve, sealing ring and seal assembly

A downhole, inline well safety shutoff valve has a spring-loaded, normally closed flapper shutoff valve element that may be opened by a downwardly driven movement of an operator tube coaxially and slidably disposed within the tubing string bore. The operator tube is vertically driven by a rod structure disposed in an offset passageway in the safety valve housing and operated by fluid control pressure transmitted thereto from the surface. To substantially preclude undesirable communication in the passageway between pressurized production fluid and pressurized rod control fluid, the rod structure is slidably carried within a specially designed seal structure including a cylindrical sleeve coaxially received in the offset passageway, and a sealing ring captively retained between the top end of the sleeve and an annular ledge formed in the passageway. The sealing ring functions to create a dynamic seal around the rod side surface and a static seal between the ring and the interior passageway surface. Upwardly and downwardly facing annular seating surfaces are formed on the lower end of the sleeve. In response to upward movement of the rod relative to the sleeve, an adapter secured to the reduced diameter rod portion engages and forms a static fluid seal with the downwardly facing seating surface. In response to downward movement of the rod relative to the sleeve, the rod undercut engages and forms a static fluid seal with the upwardly facing seating surface.

Compositions and methods for improving the productivity of hydrocarbon producing wells

Compositions comprise nonionic fluorinated polymeric surfactants and solvent. The solvent comprises: at least one of a polyol or polyol ether, wherein the polyol and polyol ether have from 2 to 25 carbon atoms; and at least one monohydroxy alcohol, ether, or ketone having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a mixture thereof, wherein the solvent is capable of at least one of solubilizing or displacing brine or condensate in the hydrocarbon-bearing clastic formation. Embodiments of the compositions are useful in recovery of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbon-bearing clastic formations that contain brine and/or condensate.

Compositions exhibiting improved flowability

Powder compositions exhibiting improved flow properties. The compositions generally contain a bulk solid material in the form of a powder and surface-modified nanoparticles. Methods of improving the flow of powder compositions and devices and articles made using such compositions are also disclosed.

Use of nanoparticles in explosives

Explosives containing aqueous oxidizer solution, fuel, and a nanoparticle-stabilized foam sensitizer. The explosives may also further contain an emulsifier.

Method of modifying dissolution rate of particles by addition of hydrophobic nanoparticles

Method of modifying dissolution rate of a plurality of particles in an aqueous-based solvent by adding hydrophobic surface modified nanoparticles to the plurality of particles, and exposing the plurality of particles to the aqueous-based solvent.

Compositions and Methods for Treating a Water Blocked Well

The present invention includes a method of treating a hydrocarbon-bearing clastic formation having non-connate water, the method includes contacting the hydrocarbon-bearing clastic formation with a composition that includes a solvent and a surfactant wherein the solvent at least partially displaces or solubilizes the water in the formation.

Adhesive articles comprising a nanoparticle primer and methods for preparing same