Metal interconnection lines of semiconductor devices and methods of forming the same

Metal interconnection lines of semiconductor devices and methods of forming the same are disclosed. Improved reliability is achieved in a disclosed metal line of a semiconductor device by preventing metal layers from eroding and preventing metal lines from being destroyed due to electro-migration (EM) and stress-migration (SM). An illustrated metal interconnection line includes: a semiconductor substrate; a metal pattern on the substrate; a glue pattern under the metal pattern; an anti-reflection pattern on the metal pattern; and dummy patterns surrounding side walls of the metal pattern.

Hard disk drive having disk damper and disk protector

A hard disk drive (HDD) having a disk damper and a disk protector. The HDD includes a base member, a spindle motor installed on the base member, a plurality of data storage disks mounted on the spindle motor, an actuator pivotably installed on the base member and moving a read/write head to specified positions over the disks, a disk damper disposed between adjacent disks of the plurality of disks and reducing vibrations of the disks, and a disk protector projecting by a specified height toward the disks from positions of top and bottom surfaces of the disk damper to correspond to outer edges of the disks where data is not recorded. Accordingly, if the disks are deflected due to an external shock, only the outer edges of the disks contact the disk protector, thereby preventing data recording surfaces of the disks from being damaged.

Method for manufacturing semiconductor device

High quality dielectric layers may be achieved without introducing excessive impurities when a semiconductor device is manufactured by a method that includes forming a lower wire layer on a structure above a semiconductor substrate, forming a silicon rich oxide layer having a refractive index of 0.45-1.55 on the lower wire layer and the structure, implanting carbon and oxygen (e.g., CO₂) into the silicon rich oxide (SRO) layer, and forming an organosilicate glass layer by heat-treating the implanted SRO layer.

Portable device and near field communication chip

In one embodiment, the antenna arrangement includes a primary antenna having a conductive sidewall; and a loop antenna disposed in and physically separated from the primary antenna. The loop antenna includes a first conductive loop and a capacitor electrically connected between ends of the first conductive loop.

Synthesis of Vinylphenylpyridine and Living Anionic Polymerization

Provided are a vinyl-biphenylpyridine monomer and a polymer thereof. More particularly, the present invention provides a vinyl-biphenylpyridine monomer having a side chain of pyridine or phenylpyridine as a functional group, a homopolymer of which molecular weight and molecular weight distribution are controlled using the monomer, and a block copolymer of which molecular structure and molecular weight are controlled to facilitate synthesis of an organic metal complex. Accordingly, the present invention provides a vinyl-biphenylpyridine monomer and a polymer thereof which are effectively used as nano and optical functional materials.

Method for forming an aluminum contact

A method of forming an aluminum contact including forming a barrier metal layer on an interlayer insulation layer pattern defining a contact hole, and forming an aluminum layer on the barrier metal layer so as to fill the contact hole. The method further includes forming a photoresist pattern for ion implantation, implanting ions into the aluminum layer, and annealing by using a rapid thermal process.

Vinyl-phenyl pyridine monomers and polymers prepared therefrom

The present invention relates to vinyl-phenyl monomers and polymers prepared therefrom. More particularly, the present invention is to provide the vinyl-phenyl monomers expressed by formula (1) which are capable of various polymerization such as radical polymerization, cation polymerization, anion polymerization and metallocene catalyzed polymerization due to resonance effect of phenyl group and changing characteristics variously and thus, suitable in the synthesis of general-purpose polymers which can be used in photo-functional materials by forming a complex with a metal component having an optical characteristic: ...

Semiconductor devices and methods of fabricating the same

Semiconductor devices and methods of fabricating the same are disclosed. A disclosed method comprises: partially forming a first gate stack; partially forming a second gate stack adjacent the first gate stack; forming a first interlayer dielectric; and completing the formation of the first and second gate stacks after the first interlayer dielectric has filled a distance between the first and second gate electrodes.

ANIONIC POLYMERIZATION METHOD FOR STYRENE DERIVATIVE CONTAINING PYRIDINE AS FUNCTIONAL GROUP

An anionic polymerization method for styrene derivative containing pyridine as functional group is provided. The method includes forming a complex of (vinylphenyl)-pyridine and lithium chloride and performing anionic polymerization. Accordingly, a polymer of styrene derivative containing pyridine can be obtained. The polymer has excellent optical properties, and its molecular weight and molecular weight distribution can be controlled.

SULFONATED POLY(ARYLENE ETHER) HAVING CROSSLINKABLE MOIETY COMBINED IN CHAIN OF POLYMER, SULFONATED POLY(ARYLENE ETHER) HAVING CROSSLINKABLE MOIETIES COMBINED IN POLYMER AND AT POLYMER END GROUP, AND POLYMER ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANE USING SULFONATED POLY(ARYLENE ETHER)

A sulfonated poly(arylene ether) copolymer that has a crosslinking structure in a chain of a polymer, a sulfonated poly(arylene ether) copolymer that has a crosslinking structure in and at an end of a chain of a polymer, and a polymer electrolyte film that is formed by using them are disclosed. According to the polycondensation reaction of the sulfonated dihydroxy monomer (HO—SAr1-OH), the none sulfonated dihydroxy monomer (HO—Ar—OH), the crosslinkable dihalide monomer (X—CM-X) and the none sulfonated dihalide monomer (X—Ar—X), the poly(arylene ether) copolymer in which the sulfonic acid is included is synthesized. The formed poly(arylene ether) copolymer has the crosslinkable structure in the chain of the polymer. In addition, by carrying out the polycondensation reaction in respects to the crosslinkable monohydroxy monomer or the crosslinkable monohalide monomer, the crosslinking can be formed at the end of the polymer. Through this, the thermal stability, the mechanical stability, the ...

Semiconductor devices and methods for manufacturing the same

Semiconductor devices having a copper line layer and methods for manufacturing the same are disclosed. An illustrated semiconductor device comprises a damascene insulating layer having a contact hole, a barrier metal layer including a first ruthenium layer, a ruthenium oxide layer and a second ruthenium layer, a seed copper layer formed on the barrier metal layer, and a copper line layer made of a Cu-Ag-Au solid solution. A disclosed example method of manufacturing a semiconductor device reduces and/or prevents contact characteristic degradation of the barrier metal layer with the silicon substrate or the damascene insulating layer. In addition, by forming the copper line layer made of the Cu-Ag-Au solid solution, long term device reliability may be improved.

Hole transport polymeric compound and polymer light emitting diode using the same

A hole transport polymeric compound and a polymer light emitting diode using the same. The hole transport polymeric compound includes a hole transport material, a thermal cross-linking agent containing an ethynyl group, and a compound represented by [Formula 1], and can be applied to a polymer light emitting diode. In addition, the hole transport polymeric compound has excellent hole transport capabilities and has stability in solvents so as to be insoluble in a solvent used upon stacking other organic layers and blocking electrons well.

LOW BAND GAP COPOLYMER AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME

Disclosed herein are a copolymer having a low band gap and a preparing method thereof, and more specifically, a copolymer having a low band gap and other various and excellent physical properties, and a preparing method thereof. 2. The copolymer of claim 1 , wherein it is represented by the following Chemical Formula 3:{'br': None, 'sub': 1', '1', '2', '2', 'n, '*\ue8a0D-A-D-A\ue8a0*\u2003\u2003[Chemical Formula 3]'}in Chemical Formula 3,{'sub': 2', '1, 'Ais different from A.'}7. A dye-sensitized solar cell comprising the copolymer of .8. An organic thin film transistor comprising the copolymer of .9. A dye-sensitized solar cell comprising the copolymer of .10. An organic thin film transistor comprising the copolymer of . The present invention relates to a copolymer having a low band gap and a preparing method thereof.In these days, preparation of a π-conjugated polymer has received much attention due to promising optical and electronic properties, in developing novel organic optoelectronic materials. Research into a mixture of poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methylester (PCBM) used as standard electron donor and electron acceptor materials in bulk hetero junction (BHJ) solar cells (1,2), respectively, has been conducted for the last twenty years, thereby achieving an appreciation regarding Device Physics and improving power conversion efficiency (PCE) to 4 to 50. However, efficiency of a P3HT/PCBM solar cell is limited by a relatively large band gap of P3HT (˜1.90 eV).Recently, donor-acceptor of the conjugated copolymer has been extensively used as a donor polymer having a low band gap in other organic electronic materials as well as organic solar cells. Significant efforts have been presently focused on finding novel combinations in donor-acceptor units capable of increasing the PCE up to about 10%. Benzothiadiazole (BT) is one of the most promising acceptor units capable of inducing a low band gap. Even though the BT structure has ...

Terphenyl dihalide monomers having sulfonate groups and process for preparing the same

The present invention relates to a terphenyl dihalide monomer having sulfonate groups and a process for preparing the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a terphenyl dihalide monomer having sulfonate groups prepared by a process comprising obtaining a terphenyl dihalide derivative by Suzuki cross-coupling of a tetrahalobenzene and phenylboronic acid and introducing sulfonate groups into the phenyl rings at each end of the terphenyl dihalide derivative, the resultant monomer capable of being prepared into a polymer electrolyte having superior ion conductivity through nucleophilic aromatic substitution (S_NAr) polymerization due to the presence of two halogen atoms and two conducting sulfonate groups in the monomer molecule, and a process for preparing the same.

Method for fabricating metal wiring

A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate and metal wiring formed by alternately depositing aluminum layers and copper layers on the semiconductor substrate so that a top layer of the metal wiring is an aluminum layer. The metal wiring is fabricated by alternately depositing an aluminum layer and a copper layer on a semiconductor substrate a predetermined number of times to form a metal wiring layer having an aluminum top layer. A photoresist film pattern is formed on the metal wiring layer and metal wiring is formed by performing an etching process on the metal wiring layer using the photoresist film pattern as a mask.

DIRECT CH ARYLATION METHOD USING PALLADIUM-BASED CATALYST

Disclosed herein is a first example of effective direct position specific C—H arylation of thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine derivative and several hetero aryl bromide under the ‘Heck-type’ experiment condition using Pd(OAc)/n-Bu4NBr as a catalyst system, thienopyrazine in which aryl is replaced to increase various values. The current synthesis methodology is a simpler method than a facial method and is used to prepare π-conjugated oligomer and/or polymer material based on interesting hexylthiophen and thienopyrazine portion for electronic industries which construct a new synthetic organic material using potential application programs. The arylation generates more position selectivity in a C—H bond than in a pyrazine C—H bond. The optical and electrical characteristics of the synthesis copolymer are survey. 1. A method for producing a copolymer including reacting a first monomer with a second monomer using a Pd-based catalyst , whereinthe first monomer is a first hetero cyclic compound which includes a first hetero atom selected from S, N, and O, the first hetero cyclic compound in which a carbon atom adjacent to the first hetero atom is coupled with at least one hydrogen atom, andthe second monomer is a second hetero cyclic compound which includes a second hetero atom selected from S, N, and O, the second hetero cyclic compound in which the second hetero atom is coupled with a carbon atom in which a halogen group selected from Br, Cl, and I is substituted.7. The method of claim 2 , wherein the Pd-based catalyst is Pd(OAc).8. The method of claim 2 , wherein the reaction is performed within N claim 2 ,N-dimethylformamide including potassium acetate (KOAc) and t-Bu4NBr.10. The copolymer of claim 9 , wherein the copolymer has a band gap (E) of 0.8 to 1.8 eV.11. An organic thin film transistor including the copolymer of .12. A dye sensitized solar cell including the copolymer of .13. A liquid crystal compound including the copolymer of . The present invention relates to a direct CH ...

Novel initiator for polymerizing polyisocyanate

The present invention relates to a novel initiator for polymerizing polyisocyanate, more particularly to a metal amidate represented by the following Formula 1, which is useful for polymerizing polyisocyanate having a variety of functional groups, including alkyl and aryl, by anionic living polymerization. While the conventional initiators caused generation of dimer and trimer byproducts, the new initiator of the present invention facilitates polymerization of polyisocyanates having a variety of functional groups, including alkyl and aryl, since the amidate anion has a low reactivity, so that the control of initial initiation reaction rate and chain growth rate is easy, and the control of monodispersity and molecular weight is facile: wherein M is an alkali metal such as Li, Na, K, and Cs, and R1 and R2 are independently an alkyl or aryl group group.

Portable device and near field communication chip

In one embodiment, the antenna arrangement includes a primary antenna having a conductive sidewall; and a loop antenna disposed in and physically separated from the primary antenna. The loop antenna includes a first conductive loop and a capacitor electrically connected between ends of the first conductive loop.

Methods for forming a P-type polysilicon layer in a semiconductor device

A P-type polysilicon layer having a stable and desired resistivity is formed by alternately depositing a plurality of silicon atom layers and a plurality of group IIIA element atom layers on a semiconductor substrate by atomic layer deposition, and thereafter forming a P-type polysilicon layer by thermally diffusing the plurality of group IIIA element atom layers into the plurality of silicon atom layers. The plurality of group IIIA element atom layers may comprise Al, Ga, In, and/or Tl.

Hard disk drive with thermal deformation prevention plate

A hard disk drive includes a voice coil motor yoke, a base to support the voice coil motor yoke, and formed of a material different from that of the voice coil motor yoke, and a thermal deformation prevention unit which is formed of a material that is substantially the same as that of the voice coil motor yoke, provided between the voice coil motor yoke and the base, and thereby preventing mechanical deformation due to different thermal expansion coefficients between the voice coil motor yoke and the base.

Siloxane monomer containing trifluorovinylether group and sol-gel hybrid polymer prepared by using the same

The present invention relates to a siloxane monomer containing a trifluorovinylether group and a sol-gel hybrid polymer prepared using the monomer, more particularly to siloxane monomer with novel structure prepared by reacting alkoxychlorosilane with a Grignard reagent containing a trifluorovinylether (-OC₂F₃) group, a method of preparing the same and a sol-gel hybrid polymer containing a perfluorocyclobutane (PFCB) group prepared from sol-gel reaction using said siloxane monomer containing a trifluorovinylether group.

Terphenyl dihydroxy monomers containing fluorine and fluorinated poly(arylene ether sulfide)s

The present invention relates to terphenyl dihydroxy monomers containing fluorine and fluorinated poly(arylene ether sulfide)s prepared by using the monomers, more particularly, terphenyl dihydroxy monomers containing both two hydroxy functional groups and fluorine and fluorinated poly(arylene ether sulfide)s prepared by an aromatic nucleophilic substitution polymerization (SNAr) using the monomers, which are thus useful as optical materials in the field of information telecommunications.

Method for fabricating metal wiring and semiconductor device having the same

A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate and metal wiring formed by alternately depositing aluminum layers and copper layers on the semiconductor substrate so that a top layer of the metal wiring is an aluminum layer. The metal wiring is fabricated by alternately depositing an aluminum layer and a copper layer on a semiconductor substrate a predetermined number of times to form a metal wiring layer having an aluminum top layer. A photoresist film pattern is formed on the metal wiring layer and metal wiring is formed by performing an etching process on the metal wiring layer using the photoresist film pattern as a mask.

Sulfonated poly(arylene ether) having crosslinkable moiety combined in chain of polymer, sulfonated poly(arylene ether) having crosslinkable moieties combined in polymer and at polymer end group, and polymer electrolyte membrane using sulfonated poly(arylene ether)

A sulfonated poly(arylene ether) copolymer that has a crosslinking structure in a chain of a polymer, a sulfonated poly(arylene ether) copolymer that has a crosslinking structure in and at an end of a chain of a polymer, and a polymer electrolyte film that is formed by using them are disclosed. According to the polycondensation reaction of the sulfonated dihydroxy monomer (HO-SAr1-OH), the none sulfonated dihydroxy monomer (HO-Ar-OH), the crosslinkable dihalide monomer (X-CM-X) and the none sulfonated dihalide monomer (X-Ar-X), the poly(arylene ether) copolymer in which the sulfonic acid is included is synthesized. The formed poly(arylene ether) copolymer has the crosslinkable structure in the chain of the polymer. In addition, by carrying out the polycondensation reaction in respects to the crosslinkable monohydroxy monomer or the crosslinkable monohalide monomer, the crosslinking can be formed at the end of the polymer. Through this, the thermal stability, the mechanical stability, the ...

Semiconductor devices and methods for manufacturing the same

Semiconductor devices having a copper line layer and methods for manufacturing the same are disclosed. An illustrated semiconductor device comprises a damascene insulating layer having a contact hole, a barrier metal layer including a first ruthenium layer, a ruthenium oxide layer and a second ruthenium layer, a seed copper layer formed on the barrier metal layer, and a copper line layer made of a Cu—Ag—Au solid solution. A disclosed example method of manufacturing a semiconductor device reduces and/or prevents contact characteristic degradation of the barrier metal layer with the silicon substrate or the damascene insulating layer. In addition, by forming the copper line layer made of the Cu—Ag—Au solid solution, long term device reliability may be improved.

Metal interconnection lines of semiconductor devices and methods of forming the same

Metal interconnection lines of semiconductor devices and methods of forming the same are disclosed. Improved reliability is achieved in a disclosed metal line of a semiconductor device by preventing metal layers from eroding and preventing metal lines from being destroyed due to electro-migration (EM) and stress-migration (SM). An illustrated metal interconnection line includes: a semiconductor substrate; a metal pattern on the substrate; a glue pattern under the metal pattern; an anti-reflection pattern on the metal pattern; and dummy patterns surrounding side walls of the metal pattern.

Production method of polyisocyanate by end capping with acyl chloride

The present invention relates to a polymerization method of polyisocyanates endcapped with acyl chlorides, and more particularly to a process for preparing polyisocyanate with higher stability comprising endcapping a living polymer chain amidate anion with an acyl chloride derivative in the presence of an amine catalyst, thereby enabling to maximize endcapping ratios.

Semiconductor devices and methods for manufacturing the same

Semiconductor devices having a copper line layer and methods for manufacturing the same are disclosed. An illustrated semiconductor device comprises a damascene insulating layer having a contact hole, a barrier metal layer including a first ruthenium layer, a ruthenium oxide layer and a second ruthenium layer, a seed copper layer formed on the barrier metal layer, and a copper line layer made of a Cu—Ag—Au solid solution. A disclosed example method of manufacturing a semiconductor device reduces and/or prevents contact characteristic degradation of the barrier metal layer with the silicon substrate or the damascene insulating layer. In addition, by forming the copper line layer made of the Cu—Ag—Au solid solution, long term device reliability may be improved.

Donor-acceptor conjugated polymer and organic electronic device comprising the same

Disclosed herein are a donor-acceptor conjugated polymer and an organic electronic device including the same. According to embodiments of the invention, it is possible to realize a conjugated polymer suitable for organic memory devices and a multi-functional, high-performance, large-area organic memory device for electronics including the same, the organic memory device operating in air.

BLUE-LIGHT-EMITTING IRIDIUM COMPLEX, IRIDIUM COMPLEX MONOMER, PHOSPHORUS POLYMER, AND ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENCE DEVICE USING SAME

Provided are a blue-light-emitting iridium complex, an iridium complex monomer, a phosphorescent polymer, and an organic electroluminescent device using same. The blue-light-emitting iridium complex contains a ligand having a low electron density structure, such as triazole or tetrazole. The iridium complex monomer containing a ligand having a polymerizable vinyl group produces a blue phosphorescent polymer through the polymerization with carbazole derivatives. The organic electroluminescent device comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, and a light-emitting layer interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the light-emitting layer contains the above-described iridium complex or polymer containing the iridium complex.

Vinyl-phenyl pyridine monomers and polymers prepared therefrom

The present invention relates to vinyl-phenyl monomers and polymers prepared therefrom. More particularly, the present invention is to provide the vinyl-phenyl monomers expressed by formula (1) which are capable of various polymerization such as radical polymerization, cation polymerization, anion polymerization and metallocene catalyzed polymerization due to resonance effect of phenyl group and changing characteristics variously and thus, suitable in the synthesis of general-purpose polymers which can be used in photo-functional materials by forming a complex with a metal component having an optical characteristic.

SUPRAMOLECULAR STRUCTURE HAVING SUB-NANO SCALE ORDERING

An organic crystalline composition is provided. The organic crystalline composition includes a main material having π-conjugated back bone and a functional group containing an atom having an unshared electron pair, and a linking material combining with the adjacent main material at the functional group by quaternization, organic material-metal interaction, ionic bonding, or hydrogen bonding. 1. An organic crystalline composition , comprising:a main material comprising a π-conjugated back bone and a functional group, wherein the functional group has an atom with an unshared electron pair; anda linking material, wherein the linking material associates with the functional group of the main material by quaternization, organic material-metal interaction, ionic bonding, or hydrogen bonding.2. The organic crystalline composition according to claim 1 , wherein the atom having an unshared electron pair is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen(N) claim 1 , phosphorus(P) claim 1 , oxygen(O) claim 1 , sulfur(S) claim 1 , and selenium(Se).3. The organic crystalline composition according to claim 2 , wherein the functional group of the main material is selected from a group consisting of an amine claim 2 , aniline claim 2 , indolinone claim 2 , carbazole claim 2 , pyridine claim 2 , pyrrole and thiophene.4. The organic crystalline composition according to claim 2 , wherein the functional group is selected from the group consisting of a pyridine claim 2 , pyrazine claim 2 , pyridazine claim 2 , pyrimidine claim 2 , triazine claim 2 , tetrazine claim 2 , oxazine claim 2 , thiazine claim 2 , selenazine claim 2 , pyrrole claim 2 , pyrazole claim 2 , imidazole claim 2 , dihydrothiazole claim 2 , dihydrooxazole claim 2 , dihydroselenazole claim 2 , triazole claim 2 , dihydrooxadiazole claim 2 , dihydrothiadiazole claim 2 , dihydroselenadiazole claim 2 , thiophene claim 2 , isothiazole claim 2 , thiazole claim 2 , dithiole claim 2 , oxathiole claim 2 , thiaselenaole claim 2 , ...

Amphiphilic triblock copolymers comprising poly(2-vinylpyridine) block and poly(alkyl isocyanate) block, and the preparation method thereof

The present invention relates to an amphiphilic triblock copolymer comprising a poly(2-vinylpyridine) block and a poly(alkylisocyanate) block and the preparation method thereof, and particularly relates to an amphiphilic triblock copolymer comprising a coil-shaped hydrophilic poly(2-vinylpyridine) block and a rod-shaped lipophilic poly(alkylisocyanate) block, having a controlled structure of coil-rod-coil or rod-coil-rod, and the preparation method thereof.

Metal carbonate initiator and method for polymerizing isocyanates using the same

Disclosed herein is a metal carbonate initiator for polymerizing isocyanates and a method for polymerizing isocyanates by anionic polymerization using the same, in which the initiator forms a cluster upon the initiation and protects stability of terminal anions at the end of the chain to cause controlled polymerization, thus preventing depolymerizaton and improving reaction time and efficiency without the use of a separate additive.

Terphenyl dihydroxy monomers containing fluorine and fluorinated poly(arylene ether sulfide)s

The present invention relates to terphenyl dihydroxy monomers containing fluorine and fluorinated poly(arylene ether sulfide)s prepared by using the monomers, more particularly, terphenyl dihydroxy monomers containing both two hydroxy functional groups and fluorine and fluorinated poly(arylene ether sulfide)s prepared by an aromatic nucleophilic substitution polymerization (SNAr) using the monomers, which are thus useful as optical materials in the field of information telecommunications.

Homopolymer nanoparticles by self-emulsion polymerization reaction and preparation method thereof

Disclosed herein is a preparation method of homopolymer nanoparticles without using a surfactant. The homopolymer nanoparticles prepared thereby are expected to be widely used not only as a template of a semiconductor metal oxide, a drug delivery system (DDS), an electron transport layer (ETL), and a seed having vertical structural shape, but also in a high precision field such as replacement of an organic device polystyrene bead film.

Method for manufacturing semiconductor device

High quality dielectric layers may be achieved without introducing excessive impurities when a semiconductor device is manufactured by a method that includes forming a lower wire layer on a structure above a semiconductor substrate, forming a silicon rich oxide layer having a refractive index of 0.45-1.55 on the lower wire layer and the structure, implanting carbon and oxygen (e.g., CO2) into the silicon rich oxide (SRO) layer, and forming an organosilicate glass layer by heat-treating the implanted SRO layer.

Blue-light-emitting iridium complex, iridium complex monomer, phosphorus polymer, and organic electroluminescence device using same

Provided are a blue-light-emitting iridium complex, an iridium complex monomer, a phosphorescent polymer, and an organic electroluminescent device using same. The blue-light-emitting iridium complex contains a ligand having a low electron density structure, such as triazole or tetrazole. The iridium complex monomer containing a ligand having a polymerizable vinyl group produces a blue phosphorescent polymer through the polymerization with carbazole derivatives. The organic electroluminescent device comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, and a light-emitting layer interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the light-emitting layer contains the above-described iridium complex or polymer containing the iridium complex.

Vinyl-phenyl pyridine monomers and polymers prepared thereform

The present invention relates to vinyl-phenyl monomers and polymers prepared therefrom. More particularly, the present invention is to provide the vinyl-phenyl monomers expressed by formula (1) which are capable of various polymerization such as radical polymerization, cation polymerization, anion polymerization and metallocene catalyzed polymerization due to resonance effect of phenyl group and changing characteristics variously and thus, suitable in the synthesis of general-purpose polymers which can be used in photo-functional materials by forming a complex with a metal component having an optical characteristic.

Method for forming an aluminum contact

A method of forming an aluminum contact including forming a barrier metal layer on an interlayer insulation layer pattern defining a contact hole, and forming an aluminum layer on the barrier metal layer so as to fill the contact hole. The method further includes forming a photoresist pattern for ion implantation, implanting ions into the aluminum layer, and annealing by using a rapid thermal process.

Near field communication antenna, near field communication device and mobile device having the same

A near field communication antenna included in a mobile device includes a body case and a loop antenna. The body case accommodates semiconductor devices included in the mobile device, and includes a metal material. The loop antenna is electrically connected to the body case. The loop antenna and a first portion of the body case form a signal path to perform a near field communication.

SUPRAMOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF HAVING SUB-NANO SCALE ORDERING

Provided is a crystalline organic polymer in which a main chain formed of amorphous polymer or monomer having a functional group is combined with a side chain by quaternization, cross-linking, hydrogen bonding or organic material-metal interaction. The main chain material having a functional group is combined with the side chain material to have crystallinity, and the organic polymer having crystallinity exhibits excellent diode characteristics.

Metal carbonate initiator and method for polymerizing isocyanates using the same

Disclosed herein is a metal enolate initiator for polymerizing isocyanates and a method for polymerizing isocyanates by anionic polymerization using the same, in which the initiator forms a cluster upon the initiation and protects stability of terminal anions at the end of the chain to cause controlled polymerization, thus preventing depolymerizaton and improving reaction time and efficiency without the use of a separate additive.

Vinyl-phenyl pyridine monomers and polymers prepared thereform

The present invention relates to vinyl-phenyl monomers and polymers prepared therefrom. More particularly, the present invention is to provide the vinyl-phenyl monomers expressed by formula (1) which are capable of various polymerization such as radical polymerization, cation polymerization, anion polymerization and metallocene catalyzed polymerization due to resonance effect of phenyl group and changing characteristics variously and thus, suitable in the synthesis of general-purpose polymers which can be used in photo-functional materials by forming a complex with a metal component having an optical characteristic.

IRIDIUM COMPLEX, CARBAZOLE DERIVATIVES AND COPOLYMER HAVING THE SAME

Disclosed are a monomer of iridium complex having a fluoro group as a functional group, a monomer of carbazole derivative having a hydroxy group as the functional group, and a copolymer containing the monomers in its main chain. The iridium complex used as a phosphorescent material and the carbazole derivative having an excellent hole transporting capability are synthesized as the monomer to form the copolymer. The content of iridium complex is easily controlled, and the carbazole derivative and iridium complex are contained in the main chain during the copolymer formation, thereby capable of manufacturing a light emitting device with higher heat resistance and chemical stability.

Housing of a mobile device, near field communication transceiver and mobile device

A housing of a mobile device including a frame defining a perimeter of the mobile device, the frame including a first metal material and configured to operate as a first antenna for a first wireless communication, and a cover configured to cover one surface of the mobile device, the cover including a second metal material, and the cover and at least a portion of the frame configured to operate as a second antenna for a second wireless communication may be provided.

Anionic polymerization method for styrene derivative containing pyridine as functional group

An anionic polymerization method for styrene derivative containing pyridine as functional group is provided. The method includes forming a complex of (vinylphenyl)-pyridine and lithium chloride and performing anionic polymerization. Accordingly, a polymer of styrene derivative containing pyridine can be obtained. The polymer has excellent optical properties, and its molecular weight and molecular weight distribution can be controlled.

Amphiphilic triblock copolymers comprising poly(2-vinylpyridine) block and poly(alkyl isocyanate) block, and the preparation method thereof

The present invention relates to an amphiphilic triblock copolymer comprising a poly(2-vinylpyridine) block and a poly(alkylisocyanate) block and the preparation method thereof, and particularly relates to an amphiphilic triblock copolymer comprising a coil-shaped hydrophilic poly(2-vinylpyridine) block and a rod-shaped lipophilic poly(alkylisocyanate) block, having a controlled structure of coil-rod-coil or rod-coil-rod, and the preparation method thereof.

Semiconductor devices and methods of manufacturing the same

Semiconductor devices and methods of manufacturing the same are disclosed. In a disclosed method, a dangling bond in the active region(s) is removed by providing an enough H2 in the PMD liner layer and the interlayer insulating layer directly contacting the active regions, and then gradually diffusing the H2 in a subsequent heat treatment. The method includes forming a gate electrode having a side wall spacer, forming source and drain regions, forming a PMD liner layer by sequentially forming a SiO2:H layer, a SiON:H layer and a SiN:H layer above the gate electrode and the source and drain regions, forming an interlayer insulating layer above the PMD liner layer, and diffusing hydrogen in the PMD liner layer and the interlayer insulating layer to the source and drain region by N2 annealing or Ar annealing.

Iridium complex, carbazole derivatives and copolymer having the same

Disclosed are a monomer of iridium complex having a fluoro group as a functional group, a monomer of carbazole derivative having a hydroxy group as the functional group, and a copolymer containing the monomers in its main chain. The iridium complex used as a phosphorescent material and the carbazole derivative having an excellent hole transporting capability are synthesized as the monomer to form the copolymer. The content of iridium complex is easily controlled, and the carbazole derivative and iridium complex are contained in the main chain during the copolymer formation, thereby capable of manufacturing a light emitting device with higher heat resistance and chemical stability.

Semiconductor Devices and Methods for Manufacturing the Same

Semiconductor devices having a copper line layer and methods for manufacturing the same are disclosed. An illustrated semiconductor device comprises a damascene insulating layer having a contact hole, a barrier metal layer including a first ruthenium layer, a ruthenium oxide layer and a second ruthenium layer, a seed copper layer formed on the barrier metal layer, and a copper line layer made of a Cu—Ag—Au solid solution. A disclosed example method of manufacturing a semiconductor device reduces and/or prevents contact characteristic degradation of the barrier metal layer with the silicon substrate or the damascene insulating layer. In addition, by forming the copper line layer made of the Cu—Ag—Au solid solution, long term device reliability may be improved.

Sulfonated Poly (Arylene Ether) Containing Crosslinkable Moiety at End Group, Method of Manufacturing the Same, and Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Using the Sulfonated Poly (Arylene Ether) and the Method

A sulfonated polyUrylene ether) copolymer, a method of preparing the same, and a polymer electrolyte membrane using the sulfonated poly(arylene ether) copolymer are provided. A sulfonated poly(arylene ether) copolymer containing a sulfonic acid is synthesized by poly condensing a dihydroxy monomer having a sulfonate group with a dihalide monomer, or by polycondensing a dihalide monomer having a sulfonate group with a dihydroxy monomer. Moreover, a crosslinkable dihydroxy monomer or a crosslinkable dihalide monomer is polycondensed with the obtained poly(arylene ether) copolymer, thus enable crosslinking between polymers. A polymer electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell formed using a poly(arylene ether) copolymer containing a crosslinkable moiety maintains the equivalent or superior levels to existing sulfonated poly(arylene ether) polymer or the Nafion membrane commercially available at present in terms of thermal stability, mechanical stability, chemical properties, film formability, and ...

Method for fabricating semiconductor device

The present invention relates to a semiconductor device fabrication method, which includes forming an inter metal dielectric on a semiconductor substrate having wirings and planarizing the inter metal dielectric through a chemical mechanical polishing, wherein the inter metal dielectric is formed by carrying out at least one cycle of depositing polycrystalline silicon, plasma-processing the polycrystalline silicon, and oxidizing the polycrystalline silicon.

Method for fabricating semiconductor device

The present invention relates to a semiconductor device fabrication method, which includes forming an inter metal dielectric on a semiconductor substrate having wirings and planarizing the inter metal dielectric through a chemical mechanical polishing, wherein the inter metal dielectric is formed by carrying out at least one cycle of depositing polycrystalline silicon, plasma-processing the polycrystalline silicon, and oxidizing the polycrystalline silicon.

Production method of polyisocyanate by end capping with acyl chloride

The present invention relates to a polymerization method of polyisocyanates endcapped with acyl chlorides, and more particularly to a process for preparing polyisocyanate with higher stability comprising endcapping a living polymer chain amidate anion with an acyl chloride derivative in the presence of an amine catalyst, thereby enabling to maximize endcapping ratios.

Siloxane monomer containing trifluorovinylether group and sol-gel hybrid polymer prepared by using the same

The present invention relates to a siloxane monomer containing a trifluorovinylether group and a sol-gel hybrid polymer prepared using the monomer, more particularly to siloxane monomer with novel structure prepared by reacting alkoxychlorosilane with a Grignard reagent containing a trifluorovinylether (—OC2F3) group, a method of preparing the same and a sol-gel hybrid polymer containing a perfluorocyclobutane (PFCB) group prepared from sol-gel reaction using said siloxane monomer containing a trifluorovinylether group.

Poly(2-vinylpyridine)-b-poly(n-hexylisocyanate) amphiphilic coil-rod block copolymer and polymerization method thereof

The present invention relates to a poly(2-vinylpyridine)-b-poly(n-hexylisocyanate) amphiphilic coil-rod block copolymer and a polymerization method thereof, more particularly to a poly(2-vinylpyridine)-b-poly(n-hexylisocyanate) amphiphilic coil-rod block copolymer polymerized by a process comprising synthesizing poly(2-vinylpyridine) having a narrow molecular weight distribution by living polymerization using potassium diphenylmethane (K-DPM) as initiator, adding sodium tetraphenylborate (NaBPh4) to replace the counter cation with a sodium ion (Na+) and adding n-hexylisocyanate and performing polymerization and a polymerization method thereof. According to the present invention, it is possible to control the molecular weight and the structure of each block of the copolymer. Therefore, coil-rod type amphiphilic block copolymers having a variety of structures can be obtained. The resultant block copolymer is a useful optical polymer material.

Polyisocyanates having alkyl, silyl, siloxane, and carbamate groups and preparing method thereof

The present invention relates to polyisocyanates having various functional groups and a preparing method thereof. More particularly, the present invention is to prepare polyisocyantes by living anion polymerization under suitable temperature and pressure enough to protect metal ions to prevent from the formation of trimer of the isocyanate through depolymerization and thus provide polyisocyanates having alkyl, silyl, siloxane and carbamate groups with desirable molecular weight, molecular weight distribution and improved physical properties.

Metal interconnection lines of semiconductor devices and methods of forming the same

Metal interconnection lines of semiconductor devices and methods of forming the same are disclosed. Improved reliability is achieved in a disclosed metal line of a semiconductor device by preventing metal layers from eroding and preventing metal lines from being destroyed due to electro-migration (EM) and stress-migration (SM). An illustrated metal interconnection line includes: a semiconductor substrate; a metal pattern on the substrate; a glue pattern under the metal pattern; an anti-reflection pattern on the metal pattern; and dummy patterns surrounding side walls of the metal pattern.

Synthesis of vinylphenylpyridine and living anionic polymerization

Provided are a vinyl-biphenylpyridine monomer and a polymer thereof. More particularly, the present invention provides a vinyl-biphenylpyridine monomer having a side chain of pyridine or phenylpyridine as a functional group, a homopolymer of which molecular weight and molecular weight distribution are controlled using the monomer, and a block copolymer of which molecular structure and molecular weight are controlled to facilitate synthesis of an organic metal complex. Accordingly, the present invention provides a vinyl-biphenylpyridine monomer and a polymer thereof which are effectively used as nano and optical functional materials.

SULFONATED POLY(ARYLENE ETHER) COPOLYMER HAVING A CROSS-LINKABLE STRUCTURE, AND POLYELECTROLYTE MEMBRANE COMPRISING SAME

Provided are a sulfonated poly(arylene ether) copolymer including a crosslinking structure and a polyelectrolyte membrane including the same. Particularly, a sulfonated poly(arylene ether) copolymer including a crosslinking structure in a polymer chain or at the terminal portion of the polymer chain, and a polyelectrolyte membrane including the same are provided. The polyelectrolyte membrane using the sulfonated poly(arylene ether) copolymer including the crosslinking structure, may have the same or better degree of a thermal stability, a mechanical stability, a chemical stability, a membrane forming capability, etc. than a commonly used polyelectrolyte membrane. In addition, the proton conductivity and the cell performance of the polyelectrolyte membrane may be remarkably improved than those of the commonly used polymer electrolyte. Further, the properties of the electrolyte membrane may be rarely changed, and a high measuring stability may be obtainable. The polyelectrolyte membrane may be used in a fuel cell or a secondary battery. 117-. (canceled)29. The method of manufacturing a sulfonated poly(Arlene ether) copolymer of claim 26 , wherein the condensation polymerizing is conducted by using a base claim 26 , an azeotropic solvent claim 26 , and an aprotic polar solvent or a protic polar solvent at a temperature of 10° C. to 300° C.30. The method of manufacturing a sulfonated poly(Arlene ether) copolymer of claim 27 , wherein the condensation polymerizing is conducted by using a base claim 27 , an azeotropic solvent claim 27 , and an aprotic polar solvent or a protic polar solvent at a temperature of 10° C. to 300° C.31. The method of manufacturing a sulfonated poly(Arlene ether) copolymer of claim 29 , wherein the aprotic solvent includes at least one selected from the group consisting of N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) claim 29 , dimethyl formamide (DMF) claim 29 , N claim 29 ,N-dimethyl acetamide (DMAc) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) claim 29 , the protic solvent ...

Semiconductor devices and methods of manufacturing the same

Semiconductor devices and methods of manufacturing the same are disclosed. In a disclosed method, a dangling bond in the active region(s) is removed by providing an enough H2 in the PMD liner layer and the interlayer insulating layer directly contacting the active regions, and then gradually diffusing the H2 in a subsequent heat treatment. The method includes forming a gate electrode having a side wall spacer, forming source and drain regions, forming a PMD liner layer by sequentially forming a SiO2:H layer, a SiON:H layer and a SiN:H layer above the gate electrode and the source and drain regions, forming an interlayer insulating layer above the PMD liner layer, and diffusing hydrogen in the PMD liner layer and the interlayer insulating layer to the source and drain region by N2 annealing or Ar annealing.

Semiconductor devices and methods of fabricating the same

Semiconductor devices and methods of fabricating the same are disclosed. A disclosed method comprises: partially forming a first gate stack; partially forming a second gate stack adjacent the first gate stack; forming a first interlayer dielectric; and completing the formation of the first and second gate stacks after the first interlayer dielectric has filled a distance between the first and second gate electrodes.

Metal interconnection lines of semiconductor devices and methods of forming the same

Metal interconnection lines of semiconductor devices and methods of forming the same are disclosed. Improved reliability is achieved in a disclosed metal line of a semiconductor device by preventing metal layers from eroding and preventing metal lines from being destroyed due to electro-migration (EM) and stress-migration (SM). An illustrated metal interconnection line includes: a semiconductor substrate; a metal pattern on the substrate; a glue pattern under the metal pattern; an anti-reflection pattern on the metal pattern; and dummy patterns surrounding side walls of the metal pattern.

Methods for forming a P-type polysilicon layer in a semiconductor device

A P-type polysilicon layer having a stable and desired resistivity is formed by alternately depositing a plurality of silicon atom layers and a plurality of group IIIA element atom layers on a semiconductor substrate by atomic layer deposition, and thereafter forming a P-type polysilicon layer by thermally diffusing the plurality of group IIIA element atom layers into the plurality of silicon atom layers. The plurality of group IIIA element atom layers may comprise Al, Ga, In, and/or Tl.

HOLE TRANSPORT POLYMERIC COMPOUND AND POLYMER LIGHT EMITTING DIODE USING THE SAME

A hole transport polymeric compound and a polymer light emitting diode using the same. The hole transport polymeric compound includes a hole transport material, a thermal cross-linking agent containing an ethynyl group, and a compound represented by [Formula 1], and can be applied to a polymer light emitting diode. In addition, the hole transport polymeric compound has excellent hole transport capabilities and has stability in solvents so as to be insoluble in a solvent used upon stacking other organic layers and blocking electrons well. 2. The polymeric compound according to claim 1 , wherein a substituent to triphenyl amine and carbazole of Ris selected from the group comprised of a Cto Caryl group claim 1 , a Cto Cheteroaryl group including N claim 1 , O or S claim 1 , and a triphenyl amine group.4. The polymeric compound according to claim 1 , wherein the hole transport polymeric compound represented by [Formula 1] is polymerized by anionic polymerization or radical polymerization.7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the polymer is prepared by reacting the compound represented by [Formula 6] with potassium naphthalenide claim 6 , sec-butyllithium (sec-BuLi) claim 6 , or a radical initiator.8. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the compound represented by [Formula 6] and the compound represented by [Formula 7] are mixed in a molar ratio from 1:0.2 to 1:0.8.11. The polymer light emitting diode according to claim 10 , wherein the organic material layer comprises a hole transport layer comprising the compound represented by [Formula 1].12. The polymer light emitting diode according to claim 10 , wherein the compound represented by [Formula 1] is thermally cross-linked on the first electrode.13. The polymer light emitting diode according to claim 12 , wherein the thermal cross-linking is performed at 200° C. to 300° C. for 10 minutes to 60 minutes.14. The polymer light emitting diode according to claim 10 , wherein the emission layer has a thickness ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING DISPLAY UNIT

A system for manufacturing a display unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: a carrying unit configured to carry an optical film including a polarizing film and a release film, wherein the polarizing film includes an adhesive layer through which, a release film adheres to and is peeled from the polarizing film; a cutting unit configured to cut the optical film up to a predetermined depth to form a polarizing film sheet piece on the optical film, without cutting the release film; a panel supply unit configured to continuously supply a panel to an attachment position, at which the polarizing film sheet piece is attached to one surface of the panel; an attachment unit configured to peel the polarizing film sheet piece from the release film, and attach the peeled polarizing film sheet piece to the one surface of the panel supplied by the panel supply unit; and a winding unit configured to wind the release film peeled by the attachment unit, wherein the attachment unit includes: an adhering means, which has an adhering property at an external side thereof, and peels the polarizing film sheet piece from the release film by the adhering property, and moves to the attachment position and makes the polarizing film sheet piece face the one surface of the panel in parallel; and an attaching means, which presses the adhering means to attaches the polarizing film sheet piece to the one surface of the panel. 1. A system for manufacturing a display unit , the system comprising:a carrying unit configured to carry an optical film including a polarizing film and a release film, wherein the polarizing film includes an adhesive layer through which, a release film adheres to and is peeled from the polarizing film;a cutting unit configured to cut the optical film up to a predetermined depth to form a polarizing film sheet piece on the optical film, without cutting the release film;a panel supply unit configured to continuously supply a panel to an ...

DONOR-ACCEPTOR CONJUGATED POLYMER AND ORGANIC ELECTRONIC DEVICE COMPRISING THE SAME

Disclosed herein are a donor-acceptor conjugated polymer and an organic electronic device including the same. According to embodiments of the invention, it is possible to realize a conjugated polymer suitable for organic memory devices and a multi-functional, high-performance, large-area organic memory device for electronics including the same, the organic memory device operating in air.

CORE-SHELL COBALT CATALYSTS FOR FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS REACTION AND PREPARING METHOD THEREOF

The present invention relates to a core-shell cobalt catalyst used for a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction and a method for preparing the same. More particularly, it relates to a cobalt catalyst, which has a core-shell structure including a cobalt-supported and sintered alumina particle as a core and a zeolite powder coated on the surface of the alumina particle to a thickness of 50 μm or greater through mechanical alloying as a shell and is used to prepare hydrocarbons with high octane numbers through a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction, and a method for preparing the same. 1. A core-shell cobalt catalyst for a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction , which comprises a spherical , cobalt-supported and sintered alumina particle having a diameter of 1-5 mm as a core and a zeolite powder having a SiO/AlOmolar ratio of 5-40 coated on the surface of the core to a thickness of 50-300 μm through a mechanical alloying process as a shell.2. The core-shell cobalt catalyst for a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction according to claim 1 , which has a bimodal porous structure with the core having mesopores with an average pore size of 10.5-21.1 nm and the shell having micropores with an average pore size of 0.6-0.82 nm.3. The core-shell cobalt catalyst for a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction according to claim 1 , wherein the alumina particle constituting the core is an α- or γ-alumina particle.4. The core-shell cobalt catalyst for a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction according to claim 1 , wherein the zeolite powder coated through the mechanical alloying process is ZSM-5 zeolite. This application claims, under 35 U.S.C. §119, the priority of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2015-0107101, filed on Jul. 29, 2015, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.(a) Technical FieldThe present invention relates to a core-shell cobalt catalyst used for a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction and a method for preparing ...

System, device, and method for inputting information on basis of sound wave

Disclosed herein is a system, device, and method for inputting information on the basis of a sound wave. The system for inputting information on the basis of a sound wave may comprise: a keyboard including a plurality of input keys, each of which generates a unique key sound wave as the input key is struck by a user; and an information input unit for acquiring at least one key sound wave generated as at least one of the input keys on the keyboard is struck, detecting at least one key value corresponding to the acquired at least one key sound wave, and inputting the detected key value to a device.

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING DISPLAY, STORAGE MEDIUM, AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE

An electronic device including a flexible display and a method thereof are disclosed herein. The electronic device may include the flexible display and a processor. The processor implements the method, including controlling the flexible display to divide a display area into a first area and a second area, controlling the flexible display to display a first graphic element related to a first application in the first area, and a second graphic element related to controlling the first application in the second area, and controlling the first application responsive to detecting an input to the second graphic element. 1. An electronic device , comprising:a flexible display; anda processor configured to:control the flexible display to divide a display area into a first area and a second area,control the flexible display to display a first graphic element related to a first application in the first area, and a second graphic element related to controlling the first application in the second area, andcontrol the first application responsive to detecting an input to the second graphic element.2. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:the second graphic element comprises a graphical interface including display of multiple objects, the detected input comprises selection of one of the multiple objects, andwherein the processor is further configured to cause the first application to display an image in the first area corresponding to the selected one of the multiple objects responsive to the detected input.3. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:the second graphic element comprises a graphical interface including display of multiple objects selectable to set multiple attributes of the first graphic element, the detected input comprises selection of one of the multiple objects, andwherein the processor is further configured to change an attribute of the first graphic element corresponding to the selected object responsive to selection of the one of ...

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING DISPLAY, STORAGE MEDIUM, AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE

An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a display and a processor operatively connected to the display and configured to control the display to display a window related to context recognition on the display according to a predefined first layout corresponding to a first event related to screen splitting and control the display to display at least two windows split with respect to a folded portion of the display according to a predefined second layout corresponding to a second event related to the screen splitting. 1. An electronic device , comprising:a display; and control the display to display a window related to context recognition on the display according to a predefined first layout corresponding to a first event related to screen splitting, and', 'control the display to display at least two windows split with respect to a folded portion of the display according to a predefined second layout corresponding to a second event related to the screen splitting., 'a processor operatively connected to the display, the processor configured to2. The electronic device of claim 1 , further comprising a sensor module detecting a folding and unfolding of the electronic device.3. The electronic device of claim 2 ,wherein the first event related to the screen splitting is configured to correspond to a folded angle of the electronic device within a first threshold angle related to the screen splitting, andwherein the second event related to the screen splitting is configured to correspond to the folded angle of the electronic device within a second threshold angle that exceeds the first threshold angle.4. The electronic device of claim 3 ,wherein the predefined first layout is an overlay mode, andwherein the processor is further configured, upon detecting the folded angle of the electronic device within the first threshold angle, to control the display to display the context recognition-related window on the display in an overlay type.5. The electronic ...

USER EQUIPMENT AND METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING/RECEIVING EVENT USING CALENDAR PROTOCOL AT USER EQUIPMENT

A user equipment that enables a user to transmit and receive an event using a calendar protocol in a calendar application is provided. The user equipment includes a calendar unit configured to store calendar data and display a calendar at a request of a user, an event managing unit configured to manage an event on the calendar, and an event transmitting/receiving unit configured to transmit an event of the user equipment to an external apparatus and receive an event from the external apparatus by using a certain calendar protocol. 1. A user equipment comprising:a calendar unit configured to store calendar data and display a calendar at a request of a user;an event managing unit configured to manage an event on the calendar; andan event transmitting/receiving unit configured to transmit an event of the user equipment to an external apparatus and receive an event from the external apparatus by using a calendar protocol.2. The user equipment of claim 1 , wherein the external apparatus comprises at least one of a third-party user equipment claim 1 , a service provider claim 1 , and a third-party application server.3. The user equipment of claim 1 , wherein the event comprises at least one of a list-type event and a template-type event.4. The user equipment of claim 1 , wherein the template-type event is an invitation event.5. A method for transmitting an event using a calendar protocol from a user equipment claim 1 , the method comprising:displaying an event on a calendar;selecting an event and an external apparatus to which the event is to be transmitted; andtransmitting the selected event to the external apparatus using the calendar protocol.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the external apparatus comprises at least one of a third-party user equipment claim 5 , a service provider claim 5 , and a third-party application server.7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the event includes at least one of a list-type event and a template-type event.8. A method for receiving an ...

LIGHT-ABSORBING LAYER AND LAYER SYSTEM CONTAINING THE LAYER, METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE LAYER SYSTEM AND A SPUTTER TARGET SUITED THEREFOR

A light-absorbing layer system includes an absorber layer having an oxidic matrix. The oxidic matrix is based on a base component made of zinc oxide, tin oxide and/or indium oxide, and on an added component which can replace the base component K1 up to a fraction of 75% by weight. The added component consists of niobium oxide, hafnium oxide, titanium oxide, tantalum oxide, vanadium oxide, yttrium oxide, zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide and/or mixtures thereof. A blackening component, made of molybdenum, tungsten and alloys and mixtures thereof, is distributed in the matrix and is present either as metal or as substoichiometric-oxidic compound of the metal, such that the layer material has a degree of reduction which is defined by an oxygen content of at most 65% of the stoichiometrically maximum oxygen content. The weight fraction of the blackening component is in the range between 20 and 50% by weight. 124-. (canceled)25. A light-absorbing layer having , at a wavelength of 550 nm , an absorption index kappa of more than 0.7 , the light-absorbing layer being made from a layer material comprising:an oxidic matrix based on a base component K1 selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, tin oxide and indium oxide, and on an added component K3 which replaces the base component K1 up to a fraction y between 0 and 75% by weight, the added component K3 being selected from the group consisting of niobium oxide, hafnium oxide, titanium oxide, tantalum oxide, vanadium oxide, yttrium oxide, zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide and mixtures thereof; anda blackening component K2 selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, tungsten and alloys and mixtures thereof, the blackening component K2 being distributed in the oxidic matrix and being present either as (i) a metal or (ii) a substoichiometric-oxidic or a substoichiometric-oxynitride compound of the metal, such that the layer material has a degree of reduction which is defined by an oxygen content of not more than 65% of ...

ELECTRONIC DEVICE HAVING INDEPENDENT SCREEN CONFIGURATIONS

An electronic device which drives applications is provided. The electronic device includes a display partitioned into a first area and a second area, a memory configured to store the applications classified into a first group and a second group, and a processor configured to output a screen, associated with an execution of the first group, through the first area and output a screen, associated with an execution of the second group, through the second area. 1. An electronic device which drives applications , the electronic device comprising:a display partitioned into a first area and a second area;a memory configured to store the applications classified into a first group and a second group; and output a screen, associated with an execution of the first group, through the first area, and', 'output a screen, associated with an execution of the second group, through the second area., 'a processor configured to2. The electronic device of claim 1 ,wherein sizes of the first and second areas are fixed, andwherein the second area is disposed at a top or bottom of the first area and is smaller in area than the first area.3. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the first and second areas receive specific inputs at a sleep state claim 1 , respectively claim 1 , and are activated independently of each other.4. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the first and second areas receive unlocking inputs at a locking state claim 1 , respectively claim 1 , and are unlocked independently of each other.5. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the first and second areas enter a screensaver state from a screen-on state independently of each other.6. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the first and second areas enter a sleep state from a screen-on state independently of each other.7. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the second group comprises at least one of a message app claim 1 , a schedule app claim 1 , a health care app claim 1 , a voice recognition ...

POLYMERIC POLYMERIC MATERIALS CONTAINING POLYHEDRAL OLIGOMERIC SILSESQUIOXANE(POSS)

A macromolecular photonic crystal material including an A block and a B block is disclosed. 1wherein the A block comprises a crystalline polyhedral oligomeric FOSS, the macromolecular photonic crystal material represented by the structural formula 1.. A macromolecular photonic crystal material including an A block and a B block, This application claims the priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/558,880 filed on Sep. 17, 2017; Korean Patent Application No. 10-2018-0111136 filed on Sep. 17, 2018 in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.Discloses a macromolecular polymer photonic crystal material containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS).Block copolymers are widely used as organic polymer photonic crystal materials. Brush block copolymers through polymerization of double norbornene macromonomers have commercial disadvantages as they require precise polymerization techniques.Cube-like polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) is a promising candidate of isotropically bulky pendants to expand the dimensional limit of polymer main chains. This paper presents molecular and kinetic insights into the controlled synthesis of rod-like POSS-containing polynorbornenes. Ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) was performed on three norbornene-substituted POSS monomers with different spacers. For monomers possessing non- and amide functionalities at the spacers, ROMP at the maximum concentration ([M]=0.4 M) led to 100% conversion, predictable molecular weights (M≤1236 kDa) and low dispersities (Ð≤1.20) in homopolymers. Scaling analysis for POSS-containing polynorbornenes revealed an unusual finding, namely, that the periodic clustering of POSS pendants favored by long flexible spacers (16-atom chains) enhanced the rigidity of polynorbornene main chains, leading to their rod-like conformation. Kinetically optimized ROMP allowed the subsequent addition of a ...

DELIVERY SERVICE OPERATING METHOD AND DEVICE, AND INTEGRATED DELIVERY SERVICE SYSTEM

A delivery service operating method and device, and an integrated delivery service system are disclosed. The delivery service operating method can: acquire, from a shopping mall website, information on a destination to which a product is to be delivered; extract information, on a plurality of delivery people, corresponding to the information on the destination; display, on a user terminal, the information on the plurality of delivery people by using the shopping mall website, and when any one of the plurality of delivery people is selected, transmit, to each of a delivery company server corresponding to the selected delivery person and a local distribution base server corresponding to the destination, a product delivery request such that the selected delivery person delivers the product to the destination. Therefore, the delivery person desired by a user can deliver the product. 1. A method of managing a parcel delivery service performed by a parcel delivery service operation server , the method comprising steps of:obtaining information of a destination to which an article is to be delivered from a shopping mall website;extracting information of a plurality of delivery persons corresponding to the information of the destination;displaying the information of the plurality of delivery persons in a user terminal using the shopping mall website; andsending an article delivery request to a delivery company server corresponding to a selected delivery person and a local logistics depot server corresponding to the destination so that the selected delivery person delivers the article to the destination when any one of the plurality of delivery persons is selected.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein:when the user terminal accesses the shopping mall website and inputs the information of the destination by which the article is to be received in a purchase process for the purchase of the article, the shopping mall website sends the input information of the destination to the ...

Nickel supported catalyst for combined steam and carbon dioxide reforming with natural gas

A nickel-supported catalyst for combined steam and carbon dioxide reforming, as a catalyst which is used in a process of preparing a synthesis gas by combined steam and carbon dioxide reforming with natural gas, is provided. More particularly, in the nickel-supported catalyst, nickel is supported as an active metal on a lanthanum oxide support.

HOUSING OF A MOBILE DEVICE, NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATION TRANSCEIVER AND MOBILE DEVICE

A housing of a mobile device including a frame defining a perimeter of the mobile device, the frame including a first metal material and configured to operate as a first antenna for a first wireless communication, and a cover configured to cover one surface of the mobile device, the cover including a second metal material, and the cover and at least a portion of the frame configured to operate as a second antenna for a second wireless communication may be provided. 1. A housing of a mobile device , comprising:a frame defining a perimeter of the mobile device, the frame including a first metal material, and configured to operate as a first antenna for a first wireless communication; anda cover configured to cover at least one surface of the mobile device, the cover including a second metal material, and the cover and at least a portion of the frame configured to operate as a second antenna for a second wireless communication.2. The housing of claim 1 , wherein a frequency band used in the first wireless communication is different from a frequency band used in the second wireless communication.3. The housing of claim 1 , wherein the first wireless communication is a non-near field communication claim 1 , and the second wireless communication is a near field communication.4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. The housing of claim 1 , wherein the frame includes claim 1 ,a metal structure defining the perimeter of the mobile device, and having a slit defined therein at one side of the mobile device,an insulator in the slit, anda first terminal coupled to the metal structure and being adjacent to the insulator.7. The housing of claim 6 , wherein the cover includes claim 6 ,a metal region,an insulating region being adjacent to the one side of the mobile device, anda second terminal on the metal region, the second terminal being adjacent to the insulating region such that the insulating region is between the first terminal and the second terminal.8. The housing of claim 7 , wherein ...

Peeling Bar for Peeling Polarizing Film from Panel, Peeling Apparatus and Peeling Method Using the Same

The present invention relates to a peeling bar, apparatus, and method for peeling a polarizing film from a panel. This invention can minimize friction between the peeling bar and the polarizing film since the peeled polarizing film is in contact with a tip of a front part of the peeling bar. The radius of a curved surface at the tip of the front part and an inclined upper surface of the front part are designed to minimize the Z-axis component of a shearing force applied to the polarizing film. Also, in order to equalize tension applied to the polarizing film in a peeling process, this invention makes both ends of the polarizing film closely adhere to the peeling bar. 1. A peeling bar for peeling a polarizing film from a panel , the peeling bar comprising:a body part having a top surface and a bottom surface; anda front part protruded from the body part and having a lower surface, an upper surface, and a tip, wherein the lower surface is extended from the bottom surface of the body part, forming the same surface, wherein the upper surface is inclined downwardly from the top surface of the body part, and wherein the tip connects the lower and upper surfaces, forming a curved surface, and has a plurality of grooves formed therein longitudinally.2. The peeling bar of claim 1 , wherein the curved surface at the tip is a circular form having a predetermined radius.3. The peeling bar of claim 2 , wherein a radius of the curved surface at the tip ranges from 4 mm to 30 mm.4. The peeling bar of claim 1 , wherein an inclined angle at the upper surface of the front part ranges from 20 degrees to 40 degrees.5. The peeling bar of claim 1 , wherein the front part is formed of engineering plastic claim 1 , or surfaces of the front part are coated with fluorine.6. A peeling apparatus for peeling a polarizing film from a panel claim 1 , the peeling apparatus comprising:a stage configured to place thereon the panel having the polarizing film attached thereto;a clamper configured to ...

Method for preparing synthetic fuel from natural gas of stranded gas field and associated gas from oil & gas fields by gtl-fpso process

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a synthetic fuel on a vessel above a stranded gas field or an oil & gas field by a GTL-FPSO process, more particularly to a method for preparing a synthetic fuel with superior economic feasibility, productivity and efficiency using a compact GTL (gas to liquid) apparatus that can be used for a stranded gas field or an oil & gas field and an FPSO (floating production, storage and offloading) process under a condition optimized for the ratio of carbon dioxide in the stranded gas field or the oil & gas field and an apparatus for the same.

System for laminating optical film and method for manufacturing display unit using the same

A system for laminating an optical film according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure includes a panel transfer unit to transfer a panel, a first laminating unit to laminate an optical film full-cut into a predetermined length on a first surface of the panel along a first direction parallel to a transfer direction of the panel, and a second laminating unit to laminate an optical film full-cut into a predetermined length on a second surface of the panel along a second direction equal or opposite to the first direction, the second laminating unit rotating the optical film supplied in a full-cut state along the second direction in a horizontal direction and laminating the optical film.

SYSTEM FOR LAMINATING OPTICAL FILM AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING DISPLAY UNIT USING THE SAME

A system for laminating an optical film according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure includes a panel transfer unit to transfer a panel, a first laminating unit installed on a transfer line of the panel to laminate an optical film on a first surface of the panel along a first direction parallel to a transfer direction of the panel, and a second laminating unit installed on the transfer line of the panel to laminate an optical film on a second surface of the panel, wherein the second laminating unit includes a laminating drum to laminate an optical film after adsorbing and rotating the optical film in a horizontal direction. 1. A system for laminating an optical film , comprising:a panel transfer unit to transfer a panel;a first laminating unit installed on a transfer line of the panel to laminate an optical film on a first surface of the panel along a first direction parallel to a transfer direction of the panel; anda second laminating unit installed on the transfer line of the panel to laminate an optical film on a second surface of the panel, wherein the second laminating unit comprises a laminating drum to laminate an optical film after adsorbing and rotating the optical film in a horizontal direction.2. The system for laminating an optical film according to claim 1 , wherein the panel transfer unit includes a conveyor belt to support and convey the panel.3. The system for laminating an optical film according to claim 1 , wherein the panel transfer unit includes a transfer roller to support and convey the panel.4. The system for laminating an optical film according to claim 1 , wherein the panel transfer unit has a width corresponding to a width of the panel.5. The system for laminating an optical film according to claim 1 , wherein the first laminating unit comprises:a first supply roll to supply the optical film; anda laminating roll to laminate the supplied optical film on the panel.6. The system for laminating an optical film according to ...

SYSTEM FOR LAMINATING OPTICAL FILM AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING DISPLAY UNIT USING THE SAME

A system for laminating an optical film according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure includes a panel transfer unit to transfer a panel, a first laminating unit installed on a transfer line of the panel to laminate an optical film on a first surface of the panel along a first direction parallel to a transfer direction of the panel, and a second laminating unit installed on the transfer line of the panel to laminate an optical film on a second surface of the panel along a direction perpendicular to the first direction. 1. A system for laminating an optical film , comprising:a panel transfer unit to transfer a panel;a first laminating unit installed on a transfer line of the panel to laminate an optical film on a first surface of the panel along a first direction parallel to a transfer direction of the panel; anda second laminating unit installed on the transfer line of the panel to laminate an optical film on a second surface of the panel along a direction perpendicular to the first direction.2. The system for laminating an optical film according to claim 1 , wherein the panel transfer unit includes a conveyor belt to support and convey the panel.3. The system for laminating an optical film according to claim 1 , wherein the panel transfer unit includes a transfer roller to support and convey the panel.4. The system for laminating an optical film according to claim 1 , wherein the panel transfer unit has a width corresponding to a width of the panel.5. The system for laminating an optical film according to claim 1 , wherein the first laminating unit comprises:a first supply roll to supply the optical film; anda laminating roll to laminate the supplied optical film on the panel.6. The system for laminating an optical film according to claim 5 , wherein the first laminating unit comprises a release sheet remover disposed between the first supply roll and the laminating roll to separate a release sheet attached to the optical film.7. The system for ...

SYSTEM FOR LAMINATING OPTICAL FILM AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING DISPLAY UNIT USING THE SAME

A system for laminating an optical film according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure includes a panel transfer unit to transfer a panel, a first laminating unit installed on a transfer line of the panel to laminate an optical film on a first surface of the panel along a first direction parallel to a transfer direction of the panel, and a second laminating unit installed on the transfer line of the panel to laminate an optical film full-cut into a predetermined length on a second surface of the panel along a direction perpendicular to the first direction. 1. A system for laminating an optical film , comprising:a panel transfer unit to transfer a panel;a first laminating unit installed on a transfer line of the panel to laminate an optical film on a first surface of the panel along a first direction parallel to a transfer direction of the panel; anda second laminating unit installed on the transfer line of the panel to laminate an optical film full-cut into a predetermined length on a second surface of the panel along a direction perpendicular to the first direction.2. The system for laminating an optical film according to claim 1 , wherein the panel transfer unit includes a conveyor belt to support and convey the panel.3. The system for laminating an optical film according to claim 1 , wherein the panel transfer unit includes a transfer roller to support and convey the panel.4. The system for laminating an optical film according to claim 1 , wherein the panel transfer unit has a width corresponding to a width of the panel.5. The system for laminating an optical film according to claim 1 , wherein the first laminating unit comprises:a first supply roll to supply the optical film; anda laminating roll to laminate the supplied optical film on the panel.6. The system for laminating an optical film according to claim 5 , wherein the first laminating unit comprises a release sheet remover disposed between the first supply roll and the laminating roll to ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY DISPLAYING MORE ITEMS

Methods and an electronic device are provided for displaying one or more items. An aspect ratio of each of the items is determined. A full screen is divided into regions. Each of the regions has an aspect ratio that is the same as that of a respective one of the items. The items are simultaneously displayed in the regions. 1. An electronic device for displaying one or more items , comprising:a display configured to display items on a full screen; and determine an aspect ratio of each of the items,', 'divide the full screen into regions, each of the regions having an aspect ratio that is the same as that of a respective one of the items, and', 'control the display so that the items are simultaneously displayed in the regions., 'a processor configured to2. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein a number of the regions is the same as a number of the items displayed on the full screen.3. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to change a location or an output size of each of the items displayed on the full screen in response to a user input.4. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to:move a first item displayed in a first region of the regions to a second region of the regions in response to a user input, andcontrol the display to display an item other than the first item in the first region.5. The electronic device of claim 4 , wherein the processor is further configured to:adjust an aspect ratio of the second region to be the same as that of the first item, andadjust an aspect ratio of the first region to be the same as that of the item other than the first item.6. The electronic device of claim 4 , wherein the processor is further configured to:if an area of the second region is larger than an area of the first region, control the display to enlarge a size of the first item to display the first item in the second region.7. The electronic device of claim 4 , wherein the processor is ...

System for manufacturing display unit

Provided is a system for manufacturing a display unit, the system including: a carrying unit which carries an optical film including a polarizing film including an adhesive layer and a release film to which the polarizing film is bonded to be peeled off through the adhesive layer; a cutting unit which cuts the optical film by a predetermined depth, in which the release film is not cut, and forms a polarizing film sheet piece on the optical film; a peeling unit which peels the polarizing film sheet piece from the release film; and an attachment unit which attaches the polarizing film sheet piece peeled from the release film to a panel, in which the attachment unit includes: a pair of attachment rolls which presses and attaches the polarizing film sheet piece onto one surface of the panel; and a magnetic force generating unit or a suction part, which suppresses an upper attachment roll positioned at an upper side between the pair of attachment rolls from sagging by using magnetic force or suction.

PEELING BAR FOR PEELING POLARIZING FILM FROM PANEL, PEELING APPARATUS AND PEELING METHOD USING THE SAME

The present invention relates to a peeling bar, apparatus, and method for peeling a polarizing film from a panel. This invention can minimize friction between the peeling bar and the polarizing film since the peeled polarizing film is in contact with a front part of the peeling bar. The radius of a curved surface at the tip of the front part and an inclined upper surface of the front part are designed to minimize the Z-axis component of a shearing force applied to the polarizing film. Also, in order to equalize tension applied to the polarizing film in a peeling process, this invention makes both ends of the polarizing film closely adhere to the peeling bar. According to this invention, fracture of the polarizing film is prevented, and thereby the polarizing film can be stably peeled from the panel without fracture. 1. A peeling bar for peeling a polarizing film from a panel , the peeling bar comprising:a body part having a top surface and a bottom surface; anda front part protruded from the body part and having a lower surface, an upper surface, and a tip, wherein the lower surface is extended from the bottom surface of the body part, forming the same surface, wherein the upper surface is inclined downwardly from the top surface of the body part, and wherein the lower and upper surfaces are connected with each other by the tip forming a curved surface.2. The peeling bar of claim 1 , wherein the curved surface at the tip is a circular form having a predetermined radius.3. The peeling bar of claim 2 , wherein a radius of the curved surface at the tip ranges from 4 mm to 30 mm.4. The peeling bar of claim 1 , wherein an inclined angle at the upper surface of the front part ranges from 20 degrees to 40 degrees.5. The peeling bar of claim 1 , wherein the front part is formed of engineering plastic claim 1 , or surfaces of the front part are coated with fluorine.6. A peeling apparatus for peeling a polarizing film from a panel claim 1 , the peeling apparatus comprising:a ...

METHOD OF PRODUCING METAL MESH TYPE TRANSPARENT CONDUCTING FILM USING PHOTORESIST ENGRAVED PATTERN AND SURFACE MODIFICATION AND TRANSPARENT CONDUCTING FILM PRODUCED BY THE SAME

Provided is a method of producing a metal mesh type transparent conducting film using a photoresist engraved pattern and surface modification including (S1) forming a photoresist layer on an upper surface of a substrate or an upper surface and lower surface of a substrate ; (S2) forming an engraved pattern portion in which embossed portions and engraved portions are arranged in a mesh shape in the photoresist layer ; (S3) depositing a first metal film conductive layer on the engraved pattern portion of the photoresist layer , or growing a second metal film conductive layer through a plating process on the first metal film conductive layer in which deposition is completed; (S4) surface-modifying with dry ice powders a surface of the substrate in which deposition or plating is completed; and (S5) removing the embossed portions of the photoresist layer , and by forming a thick metal film conductive layer and then performing a wet etching process, by enabling not to perform a wet etching process after forming the thick metal film conductive layer, and by facilitating desorption through surface modification using dry ice, process complexity can be improved and a defect rate can be reduced. Further, it is possible to provide a transparent conducting film having high reliability by greatly reducing visibility through upper and lower low-reflective layers deposited in the engraved portion and enabling to serve as an adhesive layer in the lower portion and as a protective layer in the upper layer. 114.-. (canceled)15. A method of producing a metal mesh type transparent conducting film , the method comprising:(S1) forming a photoresist layer on an upper surface of a substrate or an upper surface and lower surface of a substrate;(S2) forming an engraved pattern portion in which embossed portions and engraved portions are arranged in a mesh shape in the photoresist layer;(S3) depositing a first metal film conductive layer on the engraved pattern portion of the photoresist layer ...

SYSTEM FOR MANUFACTURING DISPLAY UNIT

A system for manufacturing a display unit including: a transport unit which transports an optical film comprising a polarizing film, an adhesive layer, and a release film, by a predetermined transport length and stops the transport of the optical film; a cutting unit which cuts the optical film in a width direction at a predetermined cutting position without cutting the release film; a separating unit which separates the release film from the polarizing film at the cutting position; and an attaching unit which attaches the polarizing film, from which the release film is separated, to a panel. The transport unit includes a horizontal roll satisfying the following conditional expression: 1. A system for manufacturing a display unit , the system comprising:a transport unit which repeatedly transports an optical film comprising, laminated in this order, a polarizing film, an adhesive layer, and a release film separably attached to the adhesive layer, by a predetermined transport length and repeatedly stops the transport of the optical film;a cutting unit which cuts the optical film in a width direction at a predetermined cutting position without cutting the release film to form a slit line in the optical film;a separating unit which separates the release film from the polarizing film at the slit line to form a sheet piece of the polarizing film; andan attaching unit which attaches the sheet piece, from which the release film is separated, to a panel,wherein the transport unit includes a horizontal roll which is disposed at a downstream side in a transport direction so as to be spaced apart from the cutting position, {'br': None, 'i': I*n Подробнее

Portable device and near field communication chip

In one embodiment, the antenna arrangement includes a primary antenna having a conductive sidewall; and a loop antenna disposed in and physically separated from the primary antenna. The loop antenna includes a first conductive loop and a capacitor electrically connected between ends of the first conductive loop.

SYSTEM FOR LAMINATING OPTICAL FILM AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING DISPLAY UNIT USING THE SAME

A system for laminating an optical film according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure includes a panel transfer unit to transfer a panel, a first laminating unit installed at an area where a transfer line of the panel passes, to laminate an optical film on a first surface of the panel along a first direction parallel to a transfer direction of the panel, a reverse unit to reverse the panel having the optical film laminated on the first surface, and a second laminating unit installed at an area where the transfer line of the panel passes, to laminate an optical film on a second surface of the panel reversed by the reverse unit along a direction perpendicular to the first direction. According to the present disclosure, in the process of attaching the optical film onto both sides of the panel, process efficiency may be increased. 1. A system for laminating an optical film , comprising:a panel transfer unit to transfer a panel;a first laminating unit installed at an area where a transfer line of the panel passes, to laminate an optical film on a first surface of the panel along a first direction parallel to a transfer direction of the panel;a reverse unit to reverse the panel having the optical film laminated on the first surface; anda second laminating unit installed at an area where the transfer line of the panel passes, to laminate an optical film on a second surface of the panel reversed by the reverse unit along a direction perpendicular to the first direction.2. The system for laminating an optical film according to claim 1 , wherein the panel transfer unit includes a conveyor belt to support and convey the panel.3. The system for laminating an optical film according to claim 1 , wherein the panel transfer unit includes a transfer roller to support and convey the panel.4. The system for laminating an optical film according to claim 1 , wherein the panel transfer unit has a width corresponding to a width of the panel.5. The system for laminating an ...

SYSTEM FOR SECURE LOGIN, AND METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SAME

A system for secure login, and a method and an apparatus for the same are disclosed. The system for secure login comprises: an authentication unit; a first device for transmitting, to the authentication unit, login information inputted via an inputting unit and input timing information indicating input timing of characters corresponding to at least a part of the inputted login information; and a second device for obtaining a typing sound generated when a user types the characters using the inputting unit and transmitting, to the authentication unit, audio information comprising the typing sound. The authentication unit authenticates the login information on the basis of the input timing information received from the first device and the audio information received from the second device. Accordingly, an illegal access of a user is fundamentally blocked and thereby, credibility of login security can be increased. 1. A secure login system , comprising:an authentication unit;a first device configured to send login information received through an input unit and input timing information indicative of timing when letters corresponding to at least some of the login information are inputted to the authentication unit; anda second device configured to obtain typing sounds generated when a user types the letters using the input unit and to send audio information comprising the typing sounds to the authentication unit,wherein the authentication unit authenticates the login information based on the input timing information received from the first device and the audio information received from the second device.2. The secure login system of claim 1 , wherein the first device sends a letter input detection signal indicating that an input of a letter has been detected to the authentication unit in real time whenever the input of the letter is detected in at least one login information item input window for inputting the login information when the user presses a key of the input ...

MANUFACTURING SYSTEM FOR LAMINATED FILM AND MANUFACTURING METHOD FOR LAMINATED FILM

A system for manufacturing a laminated film, in which a first film and a second film are sequentially laminated, and the system includes: a film supplying part which supplies the first film and the second film; a bonding part which includes a first roll and a second roll that rotate in opposite directions, and compresses the first film and the second film supplied from the film supplying part and bonds the first film and the second film as the laminated film; and a bending inducing part which supports and bends the laminated film bonded and output from the bonding part, in which the second roll shifts in a direction along a circumference of a virtual circle having a larger radius than a radius of the first roll to control the bending of the laminated film. 1. A system for manufacturing a laminated film , in which a first film and a second film are sequentially laminated to form the laminated film , the system comprising:a film supplying part which supplies the first film and the second film;a bonding part which includes a first roll and a second roll that rotate in opposite directions, wherein the bonding part compresses the first film and the second film supplied by the film supplying part to bond the first film to the second film and form the laminated film; anda bending inducing part which supports and bends the laminated film output from the bonding partwherein the second roll shifts in a direction along a circumference of a virtual circle having a larger radius than a radius of the first roll to control the bending of the laminated film.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the virtual circle is divided into two regions by a virtual vertical line passing through a rotation center of the first roll claim 1 , wherein one of the two regions is adjacent to the film supplying part and the second roll is shiftable in the one region adjacent to the film supplying part to control the bending of the laminated film.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the bending inducing ...

PROCESS FOR PREPARING NICKEL BASED CATALYSTS FOR SCR OF NATURAL GAS

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a nickel-based catalyst for steam carbon dioxide reforming (SCR) of natural gas using steam and carbon dioxide, more particularly to a method for preparing a nickel-based catalyst represented by Ni/η-AlO, which is prepared by supporting nickel on a spherical η-alumina support having many acid sites at high density by repeating impregnation and drying tens of times. 1. A method for preparing a nickel-based catalyst for steam carbon dioxide reforming (SCR) , comprising:preparing an alumina sol by adding an organic binder and a dispersing agent to an aluminum precursor solution and stirring at 50-90° C. at pH 3-6 and then converting the alumina sol to an alumina gel by heating at 50-90° C.;preparing an η-alumina support by drying the alumina gel at 150-230° C., shaping into a spherical shape and sintering under nitrogen flow; andpreparing a nickel-based catalyst represented by Ni/η-alumina by supporting nickel on the η-alumina support by repeating a procedure of impregnating the η-alumina support in a nickel precursor solution and drying at 50-100° C. 10-20 times and then sintering under air flow.2. The method for preparing a nickel-based catalyst for steam carbon dioxide reforming (SCR) according to claim 1 , wherein the aluminum precursor solution further comprises a cerium (Ce) precursor claim 1 , a lanthanum (La) precursor or a mixture thereof.3. The method for preparing a nickel-based catalyst for steam carbon dioxide reforming (SCR) according to claim 2 , wherein the cerium (Ce) precursor claim 2 , the lanthanum (La) precursor or the mixture thereof is included in an amount of 5-15 wt % based on the weight of the aluminum precursor.4. The method for preparing a nickel-based catalyst for steam carbon dioxide reforming (SCR) according to claim 1 , wherein the organic binder is selected from a group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol claim 1 , polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyvinylidene fluoride and the dispersing ...

Process for preparing cobalt based catalysts for fischer-tropsch synthesis

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a cobalt-based catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, more particularly to a method for preparing a cobalt-based catalyst represented by Ir—Co/η-Al 2 O 3 wherein cobalt and iridium are supported at high density by repeating impregnation and drying tens of times on a spherical η-alumina support having many acidic sites. The catalyst prepared according to the present invention can provide improved conversion rate of carbon monoxide and selectivity for liquid hydrocarbons when used for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.

PORTABLE DEVICE AND NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATION CHIP

In one embodiment, the antenna arrangement includes a primary antenna having a conductive sidewall; and a loop antenna disposed in and physically separated from the primary antenna. The loop antenna includes a first conductive loop and a capacitor electrically connected between ends of the first conductive loop. 1. An antenna arrangement comprising:a primary antenna having a conductive sidewall;a loop antenna disposed in and physically separated from the primary antenna, the loop antenna including a first conductive loop and a capacitor electrically connected between ends of the first conductive loop,wherein the primary antenna has at least one terminal configured to receive an electrical signal.2. The antenna arrangement of claim 1 , wherein the primary antenna and the loop antenna have one of an elliptical profile and a polygonal profile.3. The antenna arrangement of claim 2 , wherein the elliptical profile is a circle.4. The antenna arrangement of claim 1 , wherein the capacitor is one of a metal-insulator-metal capacitor claim 1 , an edge-coupled capacitor and an interdigital capacitor.5. The antenna arrangement of claim 1 , wherein the primary antenna has at least one grounded terminal.6. A portable device claim 1 , comprising:an NFC chip;a case configured to generate a first magnetic field based on an electrical signal from the NFC chip;a matching circuit configured to match impedances of the NFC chip and the case; anda loop antenna physically separated from the NFC chip and the case, and the loop antenna configured to magnetically couple to the case such that the loop antenna forms a second magnetic field in response to the first magnetic field,wherein the matching circuit includes a transformer.7. The portable device of claim 6 , further comprising:an inductor connected between the case and the matching circuit, the inductor being configured to reduce an undesired signal component.8. The portable device of claim 6 , further comprising:a filter connected ...

SHELL-AND-MULTI-TRIPLE CONCENTRIC-TUBE REACTOR AND HEAT EXCHANGER

The present disclosure relates to a shell-and-multi-triple concentric-tube reactor and a shell-and-multi-triple concentric-tube heat exchanger, and to a shell-and-multi-triple concentric-tube reactor and a shell-and-multi-triple concentric-tube heat exchanger which provide a new type of reactor and heat exchanger, thereby maximizing catalyst performance and improving performance of the reactor by optimizing heat exchange efficiency and a heat flow, uniformly distributing a reactant, and increasing a flow rate of the reactant, and accordingly making the reactor and the heat exchanger compact. 1. A shell-and-multi-triple concentric-tube reactor comprising:a shell side heating medium flow zone in which a shell side heating medium flows along a route formed by a baffle in a shell;a catalytic reaction zone in which a reactant is distributed to respective catalytic reaction flow paths by a reactant distributing unit, and the reactant performs a catalytic reaction with a catalyst positioned in the catalytic reaction flow paths, the catalytic reaction zone including a product capturing unit which captures a product produced by a heat exchange between the shell side heating medium and an inner heating medium and an unreacted material which is not reacted; andan inner heating medium flow zone in which the inner heating medium is distributed to inner heating medium inlet tubes inserted into the catalytic reaction flow paths by an inner heating medium distributing unit, and the inner heating medium, which exchanges heat with the catalytic reaction flow paths, is discharged to an inner heating medium capturing unit through inner heating medium discharge tubes,wherein one end of the inner heating medium inlet tube inserted into the catalytic reaction flow path is configured to be closed,the inner heating medium discharge tube includes a configuration that is inserted into the inner heating medium inlet tube and opened, such that the inner heating medium flowing into the inner ...

SHELL-AND-MULTI-DOUBLE CONCENTRIC-TUBE REACTOR AND HEAT EXCHANGER

The present disclosure relates to a shell-and-multi-double concentric-tube reactor and a shell-and-multi-double concentric-tube heat exchanger, and to a shell- and-multi-double concentric-tube reactor and a shell-and-multi-double concentric-tube heat exchanger which provide a new type of reactor and a heat exchanger, thereby maximizing catalyst performance and improving performance of the reactor by optimizing heat exchange efficiency and a heat flow, uniformly distributing a reactant, and increasing a flow rate of the reactant, and accordingly making the reactor and the heat exchanger compact. 1. A shell-and-multi-double concentric-tube reactor comprising:a shell side heating medium flow zone in which a shell side heating medium flows along a route formed by a baffle in a shell;a catalytic reaction zone in which a reactant is distributed to respective catalytic reaction flow paths by a reactant distributing unit, and the reactant performs a catalytic reaction with a catalyst positioned in the catalytic reaction flow paths, the catalytic reaction zone including a product capturing unit which captures a product produced by a heat exchange between the shell side heating medium and an inner heating medium and an unreacted material which is not reacted; andan inner heating medium flow zone in which the inner heating medium is distributed to inner heating medium flow paths inserted into the catalytic reaction flow paths by an inner heating medium distributing unit, and the inner heating medium, which exchanges heat with the catalytic reaction flow path, is discharged through an inner heating medium capturing unit,wherein the shell side heating medium flow zone and the catalytic reaction zone are separated by a first sealing barrier through which the catalytic reaction flow paths pass, andthe catalytic reaction zone and the inner heating medium flow zone are separated by a second sealing barrier through which the inner heating medium flow paths pass so as to prevent the ...

HOME SCREEN SHARING APPARATUS AND METHOD THEREOF

A home screen sharing method and apparatus are provided. The method includes generating a home screen including a private area including private data, and a shared area including shared data; displaying the home screen including the private area and the shared area; sharing the shared area with a cloud server; detecting changes to the shared area; and storing the changes to the shared area in the cloud server. 1. A home screen sharing method , comprising:generating a home screen including a private area including private data, and a shared area including shared data;displaying the home screen including the private area and the shared area;sharing the shared area with a cloud server;detecting changes to the shared area; andstoring the changes to the shared area in the cloud server.2. The home screen sharing method of claim 1 , further comprising:detecting changes to the private area; andstoring the changes to the private area in a local database.3. The home screen sharing method of claim 1 , wherein the shared data includes at least one of content claim 1 , an image claim 1 , text claim 1 , an audio file claim 1 , a video claim 1 , a shortcut claim 1 , a widget claim 1 , a notification claim 1 , a status bar claim 1 , an application claim 1 , a blog claim 1 , a Social Networking Service (SNS) claim 1 , and a chat window.4. The home screen sharing method of claim 1 , wherein the shared data is formed using Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML).5. The home screen sharing method of claim 1 , further comprising:receiving a selection of participants with whom to share the shared area,wherein the sharing of the shared area with the cloud server includes transmitting information relating to the participants to the cloud server and sharing the shared area only among the participants.6. The home screen sharing method of claim 5 , wherein the receiving of the selection of the participants to share the shared area includes receiving the selection of the participants using contacts ...

HOMOPOLYMER NANOPARTICLES BY SELF-EMULSION POLYMERIZATION REACTION AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF

Disclosed herein is a preparation method of homopolymer nanoparticles without using a surfactant. The homopolymer nanoparticles prepared thereby are expected to be widely used not only as a template of a semiconductor metal oxide, a drug delivery system (DDS), an electron transport layer (ETL), and a seed having vertical structural shape, but also in a high precision field such as replacement of an organic device polystyrene bead film. 1. A preparation method of homopolymer nanoparticles , comprising:(a) obtaining a surfactant-free emulsion containing an amphiphilic monomer, a hydrophilic initiator and water; and(b) carrying out a self-emulsion polymerization reaction in the surfactant-free emulsion.5. The preparation method of homopolymer nanoparticles of claim 4 , wherein the amphiphilic monomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of vinylpyridine claim 4 , 4-vinylpyridine claim 4 , acrylic acid claim 4 , methacrylic acid claim 4 , styrene sulfonic acid claim 4 , 4-styrene sulfonic acid claim 4 , methylmethacrylate claim 4 , 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate claim 4 , hydroxypropyl methacrylate claim 4 , hydroxybutyl methacrylate claim 4 , methacrylamide claim 4 , N-vinylpyrrolidone claim 4 , acrylonitrile claim 4 , 4-(4-vinylphenyl)pyridine and 6-vinylpyridine-3-carbonitrile.6. The preparation method of homopolymer nanoparticles of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophilic initiator is at least one selected from the group consisting of 2 claim 1 ,2′-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane]dihydrochloride claim 1 , 4 claim 1 ,4-azobis(4-cyanovaleric acid) claim 1 , ammonium persulfate claim 1 , potassium persulfate claim 1 , sodium persulfate claim 1 , ammonium bisulfate claim 1 , sodium bisulfate and 1 claim 1 ,1-azobis(1-methylbutyronitrile-3-sodium sulfonate).7. The preparation method of homopolymer nanoparticles of claim 1 , wherein the self-emulsion polymerization reaction is carried out at 55 to 95° C.8. The preparation method of homopolymer nanoparticles of ...

MULTIPLE CAMERA-BASED IMAGE TRANSMISSION METHOD, DEVICE AND SYSTEM

Disclosed are a multiple camera-based image transmission method, device and system. The image transmission method enables: acquiring multiple images by using multiple cameras; displaying a screen displayed on a monitor so as to be segmented into multiple areas corresponding to the multiple images; detecting an area at which a user is gazing; selecting the image that corresponds to the detected area; and transmitting the selected image via broadcasting. Thus, on the basis of multiple images, a broadcast image may be switched according to the gaze of a user. 1. An image transmission method based on a plurality of cameras , the image transmission method being performed by an image transmission device and comprising steps of:obtaining a plurality of images using a plurality of cameras;segmenting a screen displayed on a monitor into a plurality of areas corresponding to the plurality of images and displaying the segmented screens;detecting an area watched by a user;selecting an image corresponding to the area detected in the step of detecting the area; andsending the selected image through broadcasting.2. The image transmission method of claim 1 , wherein:the plurality of cameras comprises a main camera and at least one sub-camera, andthe plurality of areas comprises a main area in which an image captured by the main camera is displayed and at least one sub-area in which at least one image captured by the at least one sub-camera is displayed.3. The image transmission method of claim 2 , wherein the step of selecting the image comprises a step of selecting an image corresponding to an area which belongs to the plurality of areas corresponding to the plurality of images and which is watched by the user based on the area detected in the step of detecting the area.4. The image transmission method of claim 2 , wherein the step of selecting the image comprises a step of selecting an image which belongs to the plurality of images and which has been previously determined if it ...

ANTENNA MODULE HAVING METAL FRAME ANTENNA SEGMENT AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE INCLUDING THE SAME

An antenna module including a first antenna configured to transmit and receive a plurality of signals, the first antenna including a first frame antenna segment including at least a part of a metal frame, the metal frame surrounding a body housing of an electronic device, and a first coil antenna segment connected to the first frame antenna segment, the first coil antenna segment including a first conductive coil may be provided. 1. An antenna module comprising:a first antenna configured to transmit and receive a plurality of signals, the first antenna including,a first frame antenna segment including at least a part of a metal frame, the metal frame surrounding a body housing of an electronic device, anda first coil antenna segment connected to the first frame antenna segment, the first coil antenna segment including a first conductive coil.2. The antenna module of claim 1 , wherein an inductance of the first coil antenna segment is greater than an inductance of the first frame antenna segment.3. The antenna module of claim 1 , further comprising:a second frame antenna segment including at least a part of the metal frame; anda second coil antenna segment connected to the second frame antenna segment, the second coil antenna segment including a second conductive coil.4. The antenna module of claim 3 , further comprising:a ferrite sheet, whereinthe first conductive coil is helically wound around a first region of the ferrite sheet for a first number of turns, andthe second conductive coil is helically wound around a second region of the ferrite sheet for a second number of turns.5. The antenna module of claim 3 , whereinthe first antenna is connected to a first wireless module, the first wireless module configured to perform an operation based on the signals, andthe second antenna is connected to a second wireless module, the second wireless module configured to perform an operation based on the signals.6. The antenna module of claim 5 , whereinan inductance of the ...

SYSTEM FOR MANUFACTURING DISPLAY UNIT

Disclosed is a system for manufacturing a display unit, including: a carrying unit configured to carry an optical film; a cutting unit configured to form a slit line on the optical film from a side opposite to the release film by a predetermined depth, in which the release film is not cut; a peeling unit configured to peel the polarizing film from the release film; and an attaching unit configured to attach the polarizing film peeled from the release film to a panel, in which the carrying unit includes a carrying direction changing unit, which changes a direction in which the optical film is carried so that the optical film carried along a first straight section is carried along a second straight section crossing the first straight section, and when the carrying of the optical film is stopped, the slit line formed on the optical film is positioned in the first straight section or the second straight section among the first straight section, the second straight section, and a curved section positioned between the first straight section and the second straight section. 1. A system for manufacturing a display unit , comprising:a carrying unit configured to carry an optical film including a polarizing film having an adhesive layer and a release film attached to the adhesive layer so as to be peeled off;a cutting unit configured to form a slit line on the optical film from a side opposite to the release film by a predetermined depth, in which the release film is not cut;a peeling unit configured to peel the polarizing film from the release film; andan attaching unit configured to attach the polarizing film peeled from the release film to a panel,wherein the carrying unit includes a carrying direction changing unit, which changes a direction in which the optical film is carried so that the optical film carried along a first straight section is carried along a second straight section crossing the first straight section, andwhen the carrying of the optical film is stopped, ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTINUOUSLY MANUFACTURING DISPLAY UNIT

A method of continuously manufacturing a display unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, which bonds sheet pieces of a polarizing film formed by cutting a roll-type optical film into sheet pieces having a predetermined sheet pieces to a panel to manufacture the display unit, continuously carries an optical film, detects a defect of the optical film, extracts a defective area based on information on the detected defect, forms a slit line in a horizontal direction with respect to a carrying direction of the optical film based on the defective area, determines whether the sheet piece of the polarizing film divided by the slit line is a defective sheet piece or a normal sheet piece, peels the sheet piece determined as a normal sheet piece from a release film, and bonds the normal sheet piece and a panel. 1. A method of continuously manufacturing a display unit , wherein the method bonds a polarizing film sheet piece to a panel to manufacture the display unit , wherein the polarizing film sheet piece is formed in a predetermined length by cutting a roll-type optical film , the optical film including a polarizing film having an adhesive layer , and a release film which adheres to the adhesive layer so as to be peeled therefrom , the method comprising:continuously carrying the optical film to a cutting position;detecting a defect of the optical film before the optical film is carried to the cutting position;extracting a defective area based on the detected defect among n unit examination areas, which are formed by dividing a distance corresponding to a length of the sheet piece from a first slit line forming position formed in the optical film into n equal parts (n>1);determining a position, at which a second slit line traversing the optical film in an orthogonal direction with respect to a carrying direction of the optical film is to be formed, based on the extracted defective area and the first slit line forming position;forming a second slit ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING OPTICAL DISPLAY ELEMENT

According to the present invention, a system for manufacturing an optical display element, which manufactures an optical display element by laminating optical films on both planes of a rectangular panel, includes: a panel supply unit supplying the panel; a panel transport unit transporting the supplied panel; a first laminating unit laminating the optical film onto a first plane of the panel in a direction parallel to a panel transport direction; and a second laminating unit laminating the optical film onto a second plane of the panel so that an absorption axis direction of the optical film is orthogonal to the absorption axis direction of the optical film laminated onto the first plane of the panel, in which when a panel supply direction set to be parallel to the panel transport direction between a longitudinal direction of an initial long edge and the longitudinal direction of an initial short edge of the panel supplied by the panel supply unit and a first laminating direction set so as to laminate the optical film onto the first plane of the panel in one of the longitudinal direction of a long edge and the longitudinal direction of a short edge of the panel are previously set as a process condition, the system includes a first pivot unit that pivots the panel to reverse positional relationship of the initial long edge and the initial short edge of the panel to each other when the set panel transfort direction is orthogonal to the first laminating direction. 1. A system for manufacturing an optical display element , which manufactures an optical display element by laminating optical films on both planes of a rectangular panel , the system comprising:a panel supply unit supplying the panel;a panel transport unit transporting the supplied panel;a first laminating unit laminating the optical film onto a first plane of the panel in a direction parallel to a panel transport direction; anda second laminating unit laminating the optical film onto a second plane of the ...

System and method for manufacturing display unit

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a system for manufacturing a display unit, which includes: a carrying unit configured to carry an optical film, wherein the optical film includes a release film which is extended in a longitudinal direction, and a plurality of sheet pieces of a polarizing film which are arranged in a longitudinal direction and include adhesive layers, wherein the sheet piece of a polarizing film is adhered to the release film through the adhesive layer so that the polarizing film sheet piece is peeled from the release film; a peeling unit configured to fold back inwardly the release film of the optical film carried by the carrying unit toward an inner side and peel the polarizing film sheet piece from the release film; a winding unit configured to wind the release film peeled by the peeling unit; and an attachment unit configured to attach the polarizing film sheet piece peeled from the release film to one surface of a panel, while carrying the panel, the system including: a controller configured to adjust a position of a peeling point, at which the polarizing film sheet piece is peeled from the release film, by controlling the winding unit and the carrying unit.

Manufacturing method of optical film and optical film

Provided is a method for an optical film which elongates by forming a plurality of sheet pieces by cutting a pre-processing optical film in a width direction of the pre-processing optical film, aligning the plurality of sheet pieces in such a manner that first end portions parallel to the longitudinal direction of the pre-processing optical film are opposite to each other, and connecting end portions of the plurality of sheet pieces to each other.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING OPTICAL DISPLAY ELEMENT

According to the present invention, a system for manufacturing an optical display element, which manufactures an optical display element by laminating optical films on both planes of a rectangular panel according to the present invention includes: a panel supply unit supplying the panel; a first laminating unit laminating a first optical film onto the panel in a first direction selected from a long-edge longitudinal direction and a short-edge longitudinal direction of the panel at a first side selected from the two sides of the panel; a second laminating unit laminating a second optical film onto a plane opposite to the plane onto which the first optical film is laminated in a second direction selected from the long-edge longitudinal direction and the short-edge longitudinal direction of the panel and different from the first direction; and a first reverse unit reversing, when a first laminating plane onto which the first optical film is laminated is selected from between one plane and the other plane of the panel and predetermined as a process condition, the panel to reverse positional relationships of the planes of the panel if the first laminating plane is different from a plane of the panel supplied by the panel supply unit at the first side of the panel. 1. A system for manufacturing an optical display element , which manufactures an optical display element by laminating optical films on both planes of a rectangular panel , the system comprising:a panel supply unit supplying the panel;a first laminating unit laminating a first optical film onto the panel in a first direction selected from a long-edge longitudinal direction and a short-edge longitudinal direction of the panel at a first side selected from the two sides of the panel;a second laminating unit laminating a second optical film onto a plane opposite to the plane onto which the first optical film is laminated in a second direction selected from the long-edge longitudinal direction and the short-edge ...

EYE-TRACKING-BASED IMAGE TRANSMISSION METHOD, DEVICE AND SYSTEM

Disclosed are an eye-tracking-based image transmission method, device and system. The eye-tracking-based image transmission method enables: receiving multiple images acquired from multiple cameras; generating a synthesized image on the basis of the multiple images; displaying the synthesized image on a screen; detecting the gaze of a user in real-time; selecting, from the synthesized image, the image corresponding to an area at which the user is gazing; and transmitting the selected image. Thus, an image that dynamically changes according to the gaze of a user may be provided via broadcasting. 1. An image transmission method based on eye tracking , the method being performed by an image transmission device and comprising steps of:receiving a plurality of images obtained by a plurality of cameras;generating a composite image based on the plurality of images;displaying the composite image on a screen;detecting a user's eyes in real time;selecting an image belonging to the composite image and corresponding to an area watched by the user; andsending the selected image.2. The image transmission method of claim 1 , wherein the step of generating the composite image comprises a step of generating a single image comprising the plurality of images in addition to the plurality of images obtained by the plurality of cameras.3. The image transmission method of claim 1 , wherein the step of selecting the image comprises steps of:dividing the composite image into a plurality of areas;determining that the detected eyes looks at which area of the plurality of areas; andselecting an image corresponding to the area watched by the user based on the determining step.4. The image transmission method of claim 3 , wherein the plurality of areas corresponds to the plurality of images obtained by the plurality of cameras.5. The image transmission method of claim 1 , wherein the step of selecting the image comprises a step of selecting an image corresponding to a previously determined area ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONTINUOUSLY MANUFACTURING OPTICAL DISPLAY DEVICE

Provided is a system for continuously manufacturing an optical display device includes: a feeding unit which transfers and feeds an optical film, wherein the optical film includes a release film which is extended in a longitudinal direction, and a plurality of sheet pieces of a polarization film which is arranged in a longitudinal direction and includes an adhesive layer, wherein the sheet pieces of a polarization film is adhered to the release film through the adhesive layer so that the sheet piece of the polarization film is peeled from the release film; a peeling unit which peels the sheet pieces of the polarization film from the release film by folding back inwardly the release film of the optical films fed by the feeding unit; a winding unit which winds the release film from which the sheet piece of the polarization film is peeled by the peeling unit; a laminating unit which laminates on the panel the sheet piece of the polarization film peeled from the release film, while transferring the panel; and a control unit which controls at least one of the feeding unit, the winding unit, and the laminating unit so that the peeling point where the sheet piece of the polarization film is peeled from the release film is formed at a target peeling position spaced apart from the front end of the peeling unit by a predetermined distance toward the laminating unit, and a rear end of a first sheet piece and a front end of a second sheet piece which are connected to each other by adhesion of the adhesive layer are spaced apart and separated from each other between a complete peeling time when the first sheet piece is completely peeled from the release film and a laminating completion time when the first sheet piece is completely laminated, wherein the first piece and the second piece of the polarization film are adjacent to each other with the first sheet piece positioned downstream in a feeding direction. 1. A system for continuously manufacturing an optical display device , ...

PANEL REVERSING APPARATUS, AND SYSTEM AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING OPTICAL DISPLAY ELEMENT

Disclosed is a panel reversing apparatus which reverses a panel, the panel reversing apparatus including: a panel support unit which supports the panel; and a rotating unit which rotates the panel support unit so as to reverse a direction, in which one surface of the panel supported by the panel support unit faces, and a direction, in which the other surface of the panel faces, in which the panel support unit includes a single surface contact unit which is in contact with only one surface between the one surface and the other surface of the panel. 1. An apparatus for reversing a panel , the apparatus comprising:a panel support unit which supports the panel; anda rotating unit which rotates the panel support unit so as to reverse a direction, in which one surface of the panel supported by the panel support unit faces, and a direction, in which the other surface of the panel faces,wherein the panel support unit includes a single surface contact unit which is in contact with only one surface between the one surface and the other surface of the panel.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the single surface contact unit maintains a contact with a contact surface of the panel by vacuum adsorbing force.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the contact surface of the panel claim 1 , which is in contact with the single surface contact unit claim 1 , is a surface between the one surface and the other surface of the panel before an optical film is laminated.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the rotating unit rotates the panel support unit after a first optical film is laminated on the one surface of the panel and before a second optical film is laminated on the other surface of the panel claim 3 , andthe single surface contact unit is in contact with the other surface of the panel.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the panel has a rectangular shape claim 1 , andthe rotating unit rotates the panel support unit based on a rotation shaft which is not parallel to any one ...

NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATION ANTENNA, NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATION DEVICE AND MOBILE DEVICE HAVING THE SAME

A near field communication antenna included in a mobile device includes a body case and a loop antenna. The body case accommodates semiconductor devices included in the mobile device, and includes a metal material. The loop antenna is electrically connected to the body case. The loop antenna and a first portion of the body case form a signal path to perform a near field communication. 1. A near field communication antenna included in a mobile device , the near field communication antenna comprising:a body case comprising a metal material and accommodating semiconductor devices included in the mobile device; anda loop antenna electrically connected to the body case, the loop antenna and a first portion of the body case being configured to form a signal path to perform a near field communication.2. The near field communication antenna of claim 1 , wherein a second portion of the body case operates as an antenna to perform a non-near field communication.3. The near field communication antenna of claim 2 , wherein at least an area of the first portion of the body case is overlapped with at least an area of the second portion of the body case.4. (canceled)5. The near field communication antenna of claim 1 , wherein the body case comprises:a first metal structure comprising the metal material, and configured to operate as an antenna to perform a non-near field communication;a second metal structure comprising the metal material; andan insulator between the first metal structure and the second metal structure, the insulator electrically insulating the first metal structure and the second metal structure.6. (canceled)7. The near field communication antenna of claim 5 , wherein a first end portion of the loop antenna is coupled to the first metal structure at a first point claim 5 , and a second end portion of the loop antenna is coupled to the second metal structure at a second point claim 5 , andwherein the body case further comprises:a first antenna electrode coupled to ...

Iridium complex, carbazole derivatives and copolymer having the same

Disclosed are a monomer of iridium complex having a fluoro group as a functional group, a monomer of carbazole derivative having a hydroxy group as the functional group, and a copolymer containing the monomers in its main chain. The iridium complex used as a phosphorescent material and the carbazole derivative having an excellent hole transporting capability are synthesized as the monomer to form the copolymer. The content of iridium complex is easily controlled, and the carbazole derivative and iridium complex are contained in the main chain during the copolymer formation, thereby capable of manufacturing a light emitting device with higher heat resistance and chemical stability.

Method for fabricating image sensor

A method for fabricating an image sensor comprises forming an over coat layer on an upper face of a semiconductor substrate on which a color filter layer is formed, forming a microlens on the over coat layer; covering the microlens with a protection layer, back grinding a lower face of the semiconductor substrate, and removing the protection layer of the microlens. In this method, the protection layer is formed on the microlens of an image sensor and is subsequently removed after back grinding.

Method and device for coupling spectacles and clip-on sunshades with each other

System for laminating optical film and method for manufacturing display unit using the same

A system for laminating an optical film according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure includes a panel transfer unit to transfer a panel, a first laminating unit installed on a transfer line of the panel to laminate an optical film on a first surface of the panel along a first direction parallel to a transfer direction of the panel, and a second laminating unit installed on the transfer line of the panel to laminate an optical film full-cut into a predetermined length on a second surface of the panel along a direction perpendicular to the first direction.

Methods of forming shallow trench isolation structures in semiconductor devices

Methods of forming a shallow trench isolation structures in semiconductor devices are disclosed. A disclosed method comprises forming a first oxide layer, a nitride layer, and a second oxide layer on a substrate; forming a trench defining first and second active areas by etching the second oxide layer, the nitride layer, the first oxide layer, and the substrate in a predetermined area; forming a third oxide layer along an inside of the trench; forming a fourth oxide layer to fill up the trench; forming a sacrificial oxide layer on the fourth oxide layer; and removing the sacrificial oxide layer, the fourth oxide layer, the third oxide layer, the second oxide layer, and the nitride layer so as to form the shallow trench isolation. Thus, it is possible to minimize the damage of a narrow active area when forming an element isolation area through an STI process.

Method for controlling display and electronic device

Spectacles and sunshade clip assembly using magnets

Disclosed herein is a spectacles and sunshade clip assembly using magnets. The magnets serve to detachably attach the sunshade clip to the spectacles. The spectacles comprises a pair of lens frames connected to each other by means of a nose bridge, and temple arms connected, respectively, to the lens frames by means of magnetically-induced hinges. The sunshade clip comprises a pair of sunshade lenses formed by cutting a colored plastic plate into a desired lens form, and a sunshade bridge formed by injection molding and adapted to connect the sunshade lenses to each other. Two magnet ribs are coupled to opposite outer ends of the sunshade lenses to extend in opposite directions. Each of the magnet ribs is configured to substantially coincide with the outer contour of the hinge provided at the spectacles and has a magnet mounted to face the hinge.

Method for formation of copper diffusion barrier film using aluminum

A method for formation of a copper diffusion barrier film using aluminum is disclosed. In the method, thin aluminum (Al) film is deposited on a dielectric, and a surface of the deposited aluminum film is plasma treated with NH 3 , thereby transforming the surface of the plasma treated aluminum film into a nitride film basically composed of aluminum nitride (AlxNy), and an aluminum film is deposited on the surface of the transformed aluminum nitride film, and copper is deposited on the surface of the deposited aluminum film. Therefore, because the diffusion of copper is suppressed, the problem that leakages between metal lines increase as pitches between the metals decrease due to high integration of parts of semiconductor can be settled.

Use of metal enolate initiators for polymerizing isocyanates

System and method for continuously manufacturing optical display device

A system for continuously manufacturing an optical display device and methods thereof are described. The system and method include a feeding unit for feeding an optical film, which includes a release film and a plurality of sheet pieces of a polarized film. The system and method further include a peeling unit for peeling the sheet pieces of the polarized film; a winding unit for winding the release film form the sheet pieces of the polarized film; and a controlling unit. The controlling unit controls at least one of the feeding unit, the winding unit, and the laminating unit.

Wind power system

Provided is a wind power system. The wind power system may comprise: a rail for providing a movement path in a horizontal direction; a moving body configured to slide and move along the movement path of the rail; a plurality of blades installed on the moving body and providing power for the movement of the moving body on the basis of energy from the wind; and a nacelle having a generator for generating power by rotating in conjunction with the movement of at least one of the moving body and the blades.

Amphiphilic triblock copolymers containing a poly (2-vinylpyridine) block and a poly (alkyl isocyanate) block, and their preparation.

System for secure login, and method and apparatus for same

A system for secure login, and a method and an apparatus for the same are disclosed. The system for secure login comprises: an authentication unit; a first device for transmitting, to the authentication unit, login information inputted via an inputting unit and input timing information indicating input timing of characters corresponding to at least a part of the inputted login information; and a second device for obtaining a typing sound generated when a user types the characters using the inputting unit and transmitting, to the authentication unit, audio information comprising the typing sound. The authentication unit authenticates the login information on the basis of the input timing information received from the first device and the audio information received from the second device. Accordingly, an illegal access of a user is fundamentally blocked and thereby, credibility of login security can be increased.

Method and device for coupling spectacles and clip-on sunshades with each other

Disclosed is a method and a device for coupling spectacles and clip-on sunshades with each other, the spectacles having first lens frames connected together at their inner ends by a first nose frame, lenses fitted into respective first lens frames and arms mounted to outer ends of the first lens frames through hinges, the clip-on sunshades having second lens frames connected together at their inner ends by second nose frame and tinted lenses fitted into respective second lens frames. The device comprises a permanent magnet disposed to one of the spectacles and the clip-on sunshades at a predetermined position in a manner such that the soft magnetic member of the other of the spectacles and sunshades can be mated with the permanent magnet thereby to couple the spectacles and the clip-on sunshades with each other.

Manufacturing system for laminated film and manufacturing method for laminated film

A system for manufacturing a laminated film, in which a first film and a second film are sequentially laminated, and the system includes: a film supplying part which supplies the first film and the second film; a bonding part which includes a first roll and a second roll that rotate in opposite directions, and compresses the first film and the second film supplied from the film supplying part and bonds the first film and the second film as the laminated film; and a bending inducing part which supports and bends the laminated film bonded and output from the bonding part, in which the second roll shifts in a direction along a circumference of a virtual circle having a larger radius than a radius of the first roll to control the bending of the laminated film.

Method of shallow trench isolation

After a trench is formed into a substrate, a polysilicon layer is formed on sidewalls and a bottom of the trench. A thermal oxidation is performed on the polysilicon layer such that a polysilicon oxide layer is formed thereon. Then, a portion of the polysilicon oxide layer is removed such that the polysilicon layer is exposed on the bottom of the trench while the sidewalls of the trench are still covered by the polysilicon oxide layer. A TEOS-ozone oxide layer is deposited on the substrate to fill the trench. Since the bottom of the trench has a better condition for the deposition of TEOS-ozone oxide layer than that of the sidewalls, a gap fill quality can be enhanced.

Interchangeable spectacles and sunshade clip assembly

Disclosed herein is an interchangeable spectacles and sunshade clip assembly, comprising a spectacle frame, spectacles and a sunshade clip. The spectacle frame includes a frame bar integrally formed with or hinge connected to a pair of temple arms so as to serve as a lens frame, a magnet piece extending rearward from the center of the frame bar, and one or more magnets incorporated in the magnet piece. The spectacles include a pair of lenses connected to each other via a bridge, and an approximately U-shaped insert centrally affixed at the bridge to correspond to the magnet piece and having upper and lower insert pieces. One or more magnets are incorporated in one of the upper and lower insert pieces. The sunshade clip includes a pair of sunshade lenses connected to each other via a sunshade bridge, and an approximately U-shaped coupling insert integrally injection molded with the sunshade bridge to correspond to the magnet piece and having upper and lower insert pieces. A magnet is incorporated in a respective one of the insert pieces. Thereby, the spectacle frame and the sunshade clip are selectively combined with one another to achieve various different designs of the assembly.

Digital flowerpot capable of controlling growing environment

tDisclosed herein is a digital flowerpot capable of controlling its growing environment. The digital flowerpot has a sensor unit (20), a microprocessor (30), a display unit (50), a speaker (60) and a power supply unit (70). The sensor unit (20) detects growth data of the plant, and simultaneously detects the approach of a person. The microprocessor (30) converts the analog signals representing the growth data into digital signals to manage the data, and controls an entire operation of the digital flowerpot by an operation process. The display unit (50) receives a control signal necessary for controlling the growing environment of the plant. The display unit (50) further displays impropriety of growing conditions necessary for the cultivation of the plant, and further displays that improper growing conditions are adjusted appropriately. The speaker (60) indicates the impropriety of growing conditions, and indicates that improper growing conditions are adjusted appropriately.

Manufacturing method of optical film and optical film

Provided is a method for an optical film which elongates by forming a plurality of sheet pieces by cutting a pre-processing optical film in a width direction of the pre-processing optical film, aligning the plurality of sheet pieces in such a manner that first end portions parallel to the longitudinal direction of the pre-processing optical film are opposite to each other, and connecting end portions of the plurality of sheet pieces to each other.

System for laminating optical film and method for manufacturing display unit using the same

本發明例示性實施例之層壓光學膜之系統包括：一面板傳輸單元，用以傳輸面板；一第一層壓單元，其安裝在面板之一傳輸線上以沿著垂直面板之一傳輸方向之一方向上供應一光學膜，並沿著平行於面板之傳輸方向之一方向層壓所供應之光學膜到面板之一第一表面上；以及一第二層壓單元，其安裝在面板之傳輸線上以沿著平行於面板之一傳輸方向之一方向供應光學膜，並沿著平行於面板之傳輸方向之一方向層壓所供應之光學膜到面板之一第二表面上。

System for laminating optical film and method for manufacturing display unit using the same

根據本發明實施例揭露之壓合光學膜之系統，包括：一平板移動單元，以移動一平板；一第一壓合單元，設置於一區域，該平板之一移動線通過該區域，使一光學膜沿著一第一方向壓合於該平板之一第一表面上，該第一方向係平行於該平板之一移動方向；一反轉單元，以反轉具有該光學膜壓合於該第一表面上之該平板；以及一第二壓合單元，設置於一區域，該平板之該移動線通過該區域，使一光學膜沿著一垂直於該第一方向之方向壓合於經由該反轉單元反轉之該平板之一第二表面上。根據本發明揭示內容，在平板兩側貼附光學膜之過程中，可增加製程效率。

Interchangeable spectacles and sunshade clip assembly

Disclosed herein are interchangeable spectacles (1) and sunshade clip (100) assembly, comprising a spectacle frame (50), spectacles (1) and a sunshade clip (100). The spectacle frame (50) includes a frame bar (55) integrally formed with or hinge connected to a pair of temple arms (51) so as to serve as a lens frame, a magnet piece (56) extending rearward from the center of the frame bar (55), and one or more magnets (M1) incorporated in the magnet piece (56). The spectacles include a pair of lenses (10, 11) connected to each other via a bridge (15), and an approximately U-shaped insert (20) centrally affixed at the bridge (15) to correspond to the magnet piece (56) and having upper and lower insert pieces (21, 22). One or more magnets (M1) are incorporated in one of the upper and lower insert pieces (21, 22). The sunshade clip (100) includes a pair of sunshade lenses (101, 102) connected to each other via a sunshade bridge (105), and an approximately U-shaped coupling insert (110) integrally injection molded with the sunshade bridge (105) to correspond to the magnet piece (56) and having upper and lower insert pieces. A magnet (M1) is incorporated in a respective one of the insert pieces. Thereby, the spectacle frame (55) and the sunshade clip (100) are selectively combined with one another to achieve various different designs of the assembly.

Method and device for coupling spectacles and clip-on sun-shades with each other

Disclosed is a method and a device for coupling spectacles and clip-on sun-shades with each other, the spectacles having first lens frames connected together at their inner ends by a first nose frame, lenses fitted into respective first lens frames and arms mounted to outer ends of the first lens frames through hinges, the clip-on sun-shades having second lens frames connected together at their inner ends by a second nose frame and tinted lenses fitted into respective second lens frames. The device comprises a permanent magnet disposed to one of the spectacles and the clip-on sun-shades at a predetermined position; and a soft magnetic member disposed to the other of the spectacles and the clip-on sun-shades at a preset position in a manner such that the soft magnetic member can be mated with the permanent magnet thereby to couple the spectacles and the clip-on sun-shades with each other.

Sulfonate group-containing terphenyl dihalide monomer and method for producing the same

【課題】 スルホン酸基含有ターフェニルジハロゲン化（dihalide）単量体及びその製造方法の提供 【解決手段】テトラハロベンゼンとフェニルボロン酸の鈴木クロスカップリング（Suzuki cross-coupling）反応を行いターフェニルジハロゲン化（dihalide）誘導体を製造した後、ターフェニルの両端のフェニル環部分にスルホン酸基を導入する２段階反応により単量体を製造し、製造された単量体分子内には二つの重合反応性ハロゲン原子と二つの伝導性スルホン酸が含まれていることで、芳香族求核置換（Ｓ Ｎ Ａｒ）中、合反応によりイオン伝導度が優れた高分子電解質の製造が可能な、スルホン酸基含有ターフェニルジハロゲン化単量体及びその製造方法に関する。 【選択図】 図５

Management system and method to support interworking with third-party products while allowing addition and deletion of function modules

Disclosed herein is a management system that includes a market server having a function module registered therein to assign a specific function to hardware and a manager configured to download the function module from the market server, wherein the manager installs or deletes the function module in or from the controller.

機能モジュールの追加および削除が可能で他社製品との連動を支援する管理装置および方法

【課題】管理装置が提供される。【解決手段】前記管理装置は、ハードウェアに特定の機能を付与する機能モジュールが登録されたマーケットサーバと、前記マーケットサーバから前記機能モジュールをダウンロードする管理器と、を含み、前記管理器は、前記制御器に前記機能モジュールをインストールしたり、前記制御器にインストールされた前記機能モジュールを削除したりすることができる。【選択図】 図１

Apparatus and method for providing development environment for functional modules of robot

A provision apparatus is disclosed. The provision apparatus may include: a generation unit configured to generate a virtual world, and generate a virtual robot that matches an actual robot in the virtual world; and a provision unit configured to provide a first functional module developed for the actual robot to the virtual robot, or provide a second functional module developed for the virtual robot to the actual robot.

Apparatus and method for providing development environment for functional modules of robot

A provision apparatus is disclosed. The provision apparatus may include: a generation unit configured to generate a virtual world, and generate a virtual robot that matches an actual robot in the virtual world; and a provision unit configured to provide a first functional module developed for the actual robot to the virtual robot, or provide a second functional module developed for the virtual robot to the actual robot.

System, device, and method for inputting information on basis of sound wave

Disclosed herein is a system, device, and method for inputting information on the basis of a sound wave. The system for inputting information on the basis of a sound wave may comprise: a keyboard including a plurality of input keys, each of which generates a unique key sound wave as the input key is struck by a user; and an information input unit for acquiring at least one key sound wave generated as at least one of the input keys on the keyboard is struck, detecting at least one key value corresponding to the acquired at least one key sound wave, and inputting the detected key value to a device.

Pivotally openable type spectacles and sunshade-clip assembly

Disclosed herein is a pivotally openable spectacles and sunshade-clip assembly in which a sunshade-clip is pivotally rotatable about a pair of hinge arm units thereof after being attached to spectacles by use of corresponding spectacles magnets and clip magnets. The spectacles include a pair of lens frames, a pair of temple arms, a pair of hinge units each used to hingedly connect one of the lens frames to one of the temple arms. The spectacles magnets are mounted in the hinge units. The sunshade-clip includes a pair of colored clip lenses, a pair of clip lens frames, a pair of hinge arm units, and the clip magnets mounted to the hinge arm units, respectively, to correspond to the spectacles magnets.

Wind power system

Wind power system

Provided is a wind power system. The wind power system may comprise: a rail for providing a movement path in a horizontal direction; a moving body configured to slide and move along the movement path of the rail; a plurality of blades installed on the moving body and providing power for the movement of the moving body on the basis of energy from the wind; and a nacelle having a generator for generating power by rotating in conjunction with the movement of at least one of the moving body and the blades.

3d printing-based face mask

A 3D printing-based face mask is disclosed. The face mask may comprise: a mask body which corresponds to the shape of the lower portion of a user's face and displays the shape of the user's lower portion on the outer surface thereof; at least one filter part which is mounted on at least one side of the mask body; and ear hanging parts for fixing the mask body on the user's ears. The mask body can be generated by 3D printing based on a 3D mask model corresponding to the shape of the lower portion of the face, including the lower part of the user's nose and mouth, and the at least one filter unit is mounted in correspondence with at least one of the lower part of the nose and the mouth. Accordingly, the user can wear the mask without aesthetic texture.

Apparatus and method for updating a group of robots

An update apparatus is provided. The update apparatus may comprise: a grouping unit configured to group a plurality of robots using a network; and an update unit configured to update the plurality of grouped robots through the network.

Hard disk drive and method adopting damping member with open-cell structure

A hard disk drive having a housing including a base member (111), a cover member (112), a damping plate (115), and a buffer member (114). The base member supports a spindle motor (130) for rotating a data storage disk (120) and an actuator (140) having a read/write head, with the cover member being attached to the base member to enclose the disk, the spindle motor, and the actuator. The damping plate (115) is spaced a predetermined distance from a top surface of the cover member to form an air-gap. The buffer member (114) is disposed between the cover member and the damping plate and along the circumference of the air-gap, with the buffer member being made of a material pervious to air but impervious/sealed to water, for example, polyurethane foam having a plurality of open-cells and closed-cells. Accordingly, even though air pressure varies, air pressures inside and outside the air-gap can be equalized.