Centrifuge for processing waste

An apparatus 100 for processing waste material comprising: a heat proof chamber 102, a means 106, 112 of heating the interior of the heat proof chamber 102 and a rotatable drum 118 for containing waste to be processed, said drum 118 having gaps or holes 120 therein and being located within the heat proof chamber 102 and separated therefrom around its edge by a gap. The apparatus 100 is also provided with a means 126, 128 for rotating the drum 118 at a speed such that, in use, waste material that is heat softened is centrifugally separated from the remainder of the waste and passes through the gaps 120 in the drum 118. A removable collection pan 116 and a waste retaining means 130 may be present while the means for heating is preferably hot gas introduced into the chamber 102 via inlet conduit 108. The apparatus is particularly useful for removing polymer insulation from cables.

Control of gas composition

Seal with axially deflectable portion for sealing relatively rotatable tubular members

Improvements In Waste Processing

Waste management

A method for producing steam comprises: (a) passing waste gas A through a first boiler 14 to produce steam B having a first temperature, and cooled waste gas; (b) removing contaminants 18 from the cooled waste gas to produce clean waste gas; (c) passing the steam through a second boiler (superheater) 16; and (d) burning at least a portion A1 of the clean waste gas in the second boiler to produce steam having a second temperature which is higher than the first temperature. The waste gas may come from gasifying 12 waste organic material. A portion A2 of the clean waste gas may be provided to an internal combustion or gas turbine engine 22. The exhaust gas from the engine may be passed through a third boiler 24 to produce a second batch of steam C which may then be passed through the second boiler. The cooled exhaust gas from the third boiler may be burnt in the second boiler.

Waste management

Improvements in waste processing

Improvements in waste processing

Improvements in waste processing

Waste processing apparatus

An apparatus for processing material such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass, industrial waste, municipal solid waste and sludge is provided. The apparatus comprises an oven having a rotatable portion comprising a treatment chamber 1 adapted to receive material for treatment. A plurality of gas inlets (9, fig.4) are provided in at least one wall of the treatment chamber through which hot gasses are introduced to the treatment chamber to heat the material therein so as to cause the organic components thereof to pyrolyse or gassify. A plurality of pockets 8 are provided on at least one wall of the rotatable portion into which material can be received and substantially retained through an initial rotation of the oven of less than 90°. Preferably, the pockets are substantially rhombus shaped and are arranged in a series of adjacent rows, where the gas inlets may be provided on the bottom surface and the side walls of the pockets.

Heat processing apparatus

HEAT PROCESSING APPARATUS

A seal for sealing two pipes capable of relative rotation in an abutting relationship

A seal for sealing together first and second tubular members 12, 14 rotatable relative to one another comprises first and second sealing portions 18, 20 secured respectively to first and second tubular members and having first and second abutment surfaces 40,26 in sliding engagement with one another, wherein an axial force on one of the tubular members would cause one of the sealing portions to bend / deflect axially. Ideally the tubular members are pipes carrying gas, with one pipe comprising an external flange and the other comprising a deflectable internally extending flange / diaphragm. The pipe diaphragm is resiliently flexible and the abutment portion 40 which caters for wear during rotation and seals against abutment portion 20. The diaphragm / flange 40 is preferably made of sheet metal.

Improvements in Waste Processing

Waste gasification to produce energy

This invention provides a system (10) for generating energy from waste material. The system comprises a first batch processing oven (12) for generating syngas and a second batch processing oven (14) for generating syngas. At least one thermal treatment chamber (20) heats the syngas after it is produced, and an energy converter (22) converts energy from the syngas to electrical energy. The flow of syngas from the first and second batch processing ovens (12, 14) to the thermal treatment chamber (20) is controlled in dependence upon at least one operating parameter (e.g. content of carbon monoxide in syngas) to ensure a substantially constant supply of syngas to the thermal treatment chamber (20).

METAL PROCESSING OR RECOVERY

Continuous melting of lightweight shredded metal, e.g. in the recycling of aluminium can scrap, uses apparatus as shown in Figure 1, the scrap portions being fed into the top of a melting chamber (12) to be acted on by an upward flow of gases at controlled velocity, preferably recirculated from the top to the bottom by a fan (18), and heated to a temperature in excess of the metal melting point; the portions being borne in the flow within the chamber until they melt into denser droplets or globules which drop from the chamber to collect in a holding furnace (26). <IMAGE>

Apparatus and method for thermally removing coatings and/or impurities

Improvements in waste processing

Filter element

A filter element 10 comprises an elongate hollow structure having a closed end 12 and an open end 14, an inlet comprises the exterior surface 16 of the filter element and an outlet comprises the open end 14. A re-entrant cross sectional shape traverse to the longitudinal axis of the filter element has a scalloped outer edge defined by equal curved sections and an inner edge defined by equal curved sections. The curved sections of the inner edge are aligned with the curved sections of the outer edge to form a filter wall 18 therebetween. The filter wall 18 comprises a radial array of self supporting arches.

System and method for reclaiming metal

A metal reclaiming system and method for reclaiming metal from scrap material is provided. The system has a furnace 12 and a controller 106 for controlling operation of the system. The controller operates the metal reclaiming system in a first mode in which the furnace is operated at a first temperature to incinerate pollutants and drive off volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the scrap material, and in a subsequent mode in which the furnace is operated at a further, higher temperature to melt metal in the said scrap for reclaiming. The first temperature is preferably in the range of 350°C to 550°C so that the pollutants are incinerated and the VOCs driven off without melting the metal, and the further temperature is preferably in the range of 570°C to 770°C. An intermediate (second) mode may be provided to remove particulate matter from the furnace, and a further (fourth) mode may be provided to thermally condition metal remaining in the furnace. The fourth temperature is preferably ...

Waste processing apparatus

An apparatus for processing material 2 such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass, industrial waste, municipal solid waste and sludge, comprising an elongate process tube 22 having an inlet for receiving the material and an outlet for processed material, a gas conveying system with a supply of hot pressurised inert gas 19 connected to the processing tube 22 at its inlet end to fluidically convey the material 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D through the processing tube 22, and a control system 74 to control the supply of the hot pressurised inert gas to the processing tube 22 such that in use the material 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D is conveyed through the tube 22, it is simultaneously heated to cause any organic matter therein to gassify to produce process gas. The device may comprise a separation means for extracting the process gas from the processing tube, and which may be supplied to the conveying tube for use as the conveying gas. The processing tube 22 may comprise a plurality of sections ...

Apparatus for processing waste material

Improvements in gas treatment

Filter

Gas jet penetration of opaque VOCs for sunlight transmission

Apparatus for treatment of opaque VOCs has a processing chamber 24 and a solar energy introducing device 8 with a tubular structure having a first end external to the chamber 24 with inlets 14,16 for concentrated sunlight and optically transmittant gas (e.g. air, nitrogen or combustion exhaust), and a second end 18 in the chamber 24 with a nozzle so that gas exits the device 8 in a jet (28, fig 9) to create an optically transmittant zone within the chamber 24 in which the sunlight can travel, and a control means for the gas flow to vary the depth of the zone, and therefore the penetration of the sunlight. The jet and gas outlets can be concentric, with a third outlet for an oxidant. Sunlight can be concentrated with parabolic reflectors. A chamber may have multiple introducing devices (8, figs 5 and 6) which can extend in length (e.g. telescopically) in a cycle or to avoid cold spots. The treatment can be thermal oxidisation or production of syngas. Fuel can also be burnt in the apparatus ...

Waste processing with soot reduction

This invention provides a system and method for pyrolysing and/or gasifying material such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass, industrial waste, municipal solid water and sludge. In a first mode of operation the method/system heats the material in a processing chamber (10) by passing hot gas therethrough. This pyrolyses and/or gasifies the organic content it to produce syngas and, invariably, soot. In a second mode of operation the method/system increases the oxygen content of the hot gas such that the oxygen within the hot gas reacts with the heated soot to form carbon monoxide.

Gasification system

The invention provides an apparatus for processing material such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass, industrial waste, municipal solid waste and sludge, comprising a processing chamber (2) for processing said material at an elevated temperature to produce syngas and a combustion chamber (4) having at least one burner therein for combusting syngas released by processing of said material. A conduit means (18) is provided between said combustion chamber and said processing chamber for carrying hot exhaust gases from the combustion chamber (4) to said processing chamber (2) and at last one mirror (24) is arranged to reflect and concentrate sunlight thereby to cause the temperature within said processing chamber (2) to be raised.

Gassification system

Method and apparatus for gasifying organic materials

Oven

Waste processing apparatus

An apparatus for processing material such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass, industrial waste, municipal solid waste and sludge is provided. The apparatus comprises an oven 10 having a rotatable portion comprising a treatment chamber 12 adapted to receive material for treatment. A plurality of gas inlets (36, fig.3) are provided in at least one wall of the treatment chamber through which hot gasses are introduced to the treatment chamber to heat the material therein so as to cause the organic components thereof to pyrolyse or gassify. At least one retarder means 26 is located in the treatment chamber to retard the movement of waste material therein as the oven rotates. Preferably, the retarder means each comprise a number of inverted hooks (30, fig.3) arranged in a radial array about a common central axis with the ends of the hooks spaced from the common central axis. The retarder means may be moved between an active position, in which they protrude into ...

Metal recovery process

Waste processing

Removing pollutants from gases

A method of removing pollutants from high temperature gasses prior to their introduction in to a heat exchanger of a steam generating boiler within a power generation system. The method comprises placing a filter system (100) in a hot gas flow path upstream of a waste-heat boiler. The filter system comprising at least two banks of substantially hollow elongate filters (110), each of which filters particles from the gas flow as it flows from an external surface thereof to an internal surface thereof. Valves (104, 106) enable each bank of filters to be isolated from the hot gas flow path. The method includes periodically isolating at least one bank of filters while passing hot gasses through at least another of said banks of filters and cleaning the isolated bank of filters. After cleaning the filters (110) lime is injected into the flow path so that it coats the outer surface of the filters (110) to produce a loose lime coating thereon.

Improvements in waste recycling

Method of controlling gas composition

A method of increasing the CO to H2 ratio of syngas comprises passing syngas over a first rector 10 containing Cu at a first temperature effective for the reaction of CO2 within the syngas with the Cu to form copper oxide and CO; the temperature of the syngas is then reduces to a second temperature effective for the for the reaction of hydrogen within the syngas with copper oxide to form Cu and H2O; the syngas is then passed over a second rector 12 containing copper oxide so that the H2 within the syngas reacts with the copper oxide. Prior to its passage through the first reactor, the syngas may be passed through a first heat exchanger 18 to reduce its heat to the first temperature.

Controlling the moisture content of circulating gas arising from the heating of organic material

A method of processing material such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass, industrial waste, municipal solid waste and sludge comprises attaching a material container cartridge 12 containing material to be processed to a processing chamber 14; heating the material in a reduced oxygen atmosphere in the processing chamber to produce gas; channelling the gas from the processing chamber to a treatment chamber 20 in which the gas is heated to destroy volatile organic chemicals (VOC) therein; recirculating gas from the treatment chamber back into the processing chamber and in a first mode of operation modifying the moisture content of the recirculating gas by passing it through a second material container cartridge 30 containing material 50 to be processed. Preferably, the second material container cartridge is at a temperature below 100°C so as to reduce the moisture content of the gas. In a second mode of operation, the water content of the gas may be increased ...

Operating two batch pyrolysis chambers producing syngas

A waste processing or metal de-coating apparatus has a first batch processing pyrolysis chamber 102 for low calorific value material with a slow release speed (e.g. municipal waste or aluminium cans); a thermal oxidiser 108 having a burner 106 and a syngas inlet for receiving syngas from the first chamber 102; and a second batch processing pyrolysis chamber 120 for higher calorific value material with a faster release speed (e.g. oil, tyres, rubber laminates), and valves 110, 116 to selectively divert a portion of the syngas exiting the first chamber 102 to pass through the second chamber 120 prior to entering the thermal oxidiser 108. Another valve (126, fig 4) may control exhaust gas recirculation for maintaining pyrolysis. A steady flow of syngas is possible despite batch production.

Method of processing material for producing syngas

A method and apparatus of processing material having an organic content is provided. The method comprises heating a batch of the material E in a batch processing apparatus 16 having a reduced oxygen atmosphere to gasify at least some of the organic content to produce syngas. The temperature of the syngas is then elevated and maintained at the elevated temperature in a thermal treatment apparatus 18 for a residence time sufficient to thermally break down any long chain hydrocarbons or volatile organic compounds (VOC) therein. The calorific value of the syngas produced is monitored by sensors 26. When the calorific value of the syngas is below a predefined threshold, the syngas having a low calorific value is diverted to a burner of a boiler 22 to produce steam which may be utilised to drive a steam turbine 36 to produce electricity â H . When the calorific value of the syngas exceeds the predefined threshold, the syngas having a high calorific value is diverted to a gas engine 40 to produce ...

Improvements in Waste Processing

This invention provides an apparatus for pyrolysing or gasifying material containing an organic content. The apparatus comprises an oven (10) mounted for rotation on at least one support (16). The oven (10) has an inlet (20) for receiving hot gas having a low or zero oxygen content to heat the material therein so as to process it to produce syngas, and an outlet (24) for said syngas. An electromagnet (28) is disposed in or adjacent the oven (10) so as to create a magnetic field therein and a plurality of ferrous elements (30) are freely disposed within the oven (10). A controller (32) is provided for controlling the electromagnet (28) and the rotation of the oven (10). When activated the electromagnet retains said ferrous elements as the oven rotates.

Improvements in waste processing

An apparatus for processing waste having an organic content, the apparatus comprises a first processing chamber 10 that receives and heats the waste material in a reduced or substantially zero oxygen atmosphere to produce syngas and carbonaceous material. A second processing chamber 26 receives and heats carbonaceous material in a reduced oxygen atmosphere to gasify it to produce carbon monoxide. A controller 16 controls the oxygen content within the second chamber. A thermal treatment chamber 20 having a syngas inlet receives syngas from the first chamber and the carbon monoxide from the second chamber, and the thermal treatment chamber heats the gas therein to break down any volatile organic compounds or long chain hydrocarbons therein. Hot gas from a heat source 12, 28 may flow to the processing chambers to heat the waste material. A conduit (42, fig 5) may communicate recirculated hot gas from the thermal treatment chamber to the first chamber. An outlet conduit 24 of the thermal treatment ...

Method and apparatus for cleaning gas engine

A method of cleaning a surface within a gas engine 10, for example part of a pre-combustion part 11, comprising passing ozone through an inlet and over the surface, reacting the ozone with any organic contaminants on the surface and removing the reacted contaminants and any residual ozone from an outlet as a gaseous exhaust. At least a portion of the exhaust may be recirculated. The composition of the exhaust, including the concentrations of ozone, organic molecules and oxygen, may be monitored. Also claimed is an apparatus for carrying out said method comprising a variable displacement fan 32 and/or a valve 34 which are controlled, according to the exhaust composition, in order to adjust the proportion of exhaust to be recirculated and the flow of ozone from an ozone generator 3. The method and apparatus is for cleaning engines running on syngas without damaging sensitive equipment or requiring a plant shutdown.

Improvements in material processing

DEVICE AND METHOD TO REMOVE COVERINGS AND/OR IMPURITIES THERMALLY

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR THERMALLY REMOVING COATINGS AND/OR IMPURITIES

IMPROVEMENTS IN WASTE PROCESSING

IMPROVEMENTS IN WASTE PROCESSING

Buluş; biyokütle, endüstriyel atık, kentsel katı atık ve çamur dahil olmak üzere organik olarak kaplı atıklar ve organik malzemeler gibi malzemelerin pirolize edilmesi ve/veya gazlaştırılması için bir sistem ve yöntem sunar. Birinci çalışma modunda yöntem/sistem, işlem odasından (10) sıcak gaz geçirerek malzemeyi ısıtır. Bu işlem, sentez gazı ve aynı şekilde kurum üretmek için organik içeriği pirolize eder ve/veya gazlaştırır. İkinci çalışma modunda yöntem/sistem, sıcak gazın oksijen içeriğini arttırır böylece sıcak gaz içindeki oksijen, karbon monoksit oluşturmak için ısıtılmış kurum ile reaksiyona girer. Invention; The present invention provides a system and method for pyrolizing and / or gasifying materials such as biomass, industrial waste, organically coated wastes including organic solid waste and sludge, and organic materials. In the first mode of operation, the method / system heats the material by passing hot gas through the treatment chamber 10. This process pyrolyzes and / or gasifies the organic content to produce synthesis gas and soot. In the second mode of operation, the method / system increases the oxygen content of the hot gas so that the oxygen in the hot gas reacts with the heated soot to form carbon monoxide.

IMPROVEMENTS IN WASTE PROCESSING

APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING WASTE MATERIAL

A processing container () is provided for processing waste material. The processing container has a housing () and a processing zone () in said housing for containing waste material to be processed. The housing () has a portion () directed inwardly of said container to form an opening () for the charging and discharging of said processing container. The processing container is rotatable about its axis in a first direction to enable charging of said container through said opening and in a second opposite direction to enable discharging of said container through said opening. The processing chamber is used in an apparatus () for processing waste material. The apparatus also includes an oven () that contains the processing chamber (); a gas inlet () for introducing said hot gasses into the oven; and a gas outlet () for extracting gas from said oven. The processing container () is mounted for rotation in said oven. 1. A processing container for processing waste material , the processing container having:a housing;a processing zone in said housing for containing waste material to be processedwherein:said housing has a portion directed inwardly of said container to form an opening for the charging and discharging of said processing container; andsaid processing container is rotatable about its axis to enable charging of said container through said opening and to enable discharging of said container through said opening.2. A processing container as claimed in wherein said inwardly directed portion extends in a circumferential direction of said container beyond said opening.3. A processing container as claimed inhaving door means movable between a first position closing said opening and a second position allowing charging and discharging of said processing container.4. A processing container as claimed in wherein said door means is biased into said closed position.5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. A processing container as claimed in comprising means for directing hot gases into ...

GASSIFICATION SYSTEM

The invention provides an apparatus for processing material such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass, industrial waste, municipal solid waste and sludge, comprising a processing chamber () for processing said material at an elevated temperature to produce syngas and a combustion chamber () having at least one burner therein for combusting syngas released by processing of said material. A conduit means () is provided between said combustion chamber and said processing chamber for carrying hot exhaust gasses from the combustion chamber () to said processing chamber () and at last one mirror () is arranged to reflect and concentrate sunlight thereby to cause the temperature within said processing chamber () to be raised. The apparatus also includes a syngas reservoir (). A storage conduit () is provided for carrying syngas into said syngas reservoir () and a syngas feed line () is provided for feeding syngas from said reservoir to said combustion chamber (). 1. An apparatus for processing material such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass , industrial waste , municipal solid waste and sludge , comprising:a processing chamber for processing said material at an elevated temperature to produce syngas;a combustion chamber having at least one burner therein for combusting syngas released by processing of said material;a conduit means between said combustion chamber and said processing chamber for carrying hot exhaust gasses from the combustion chamber to said processing chamber;at last one mirror arranged to reflect and concentrate sunlight thereby to cause the temperature within said processing chamber to be raised;a syngas reservoir;a storage conduit for carrying syngas into said syngas reservoir; anda syngas feed line for feeding syngas from said reservoir to said combustion chamber.2. The apparatus according to wherein said storage conduit and said syngas feed line comprise sections of a conduit between said ...

THERMAL OXIDISERS, USING CONCENTRATED SUNLIGHT

A VOC treatment apparatus is provided for treating substantially opaque VOCs and comprises a processing chamber () in which VOCs are treated; and a solar energy introducing device (). The solar energy introducing device () comprises a tubular structure having a first end located external to the processing chamber () and having a first inlet () through which concentrated sunlight is received and a second inlet () through which a flow of substantially optically transmittant gas is received. The solar energy introducing device () has a second end () that opens into the processing chamber () and terminates in a nozzle providing an outlet for the substantially optically transmittant gas and the concentrated sunlight. In use the optically transmittant gas exits the second end of the device in a jet to create an optically transmittant zone in the substantially opaque VOCs within the processing chamber (), in which zone the sunlight can travel. 1. A VOC treatment apparatus for treating substantially opaque VOCs comprising:a processing chamber in which VOCs are treated;a solar introducer having a tubular structure having, the tubular structure having a first end located externally of said processing chamber and having a first inlet configured to receive concentrated sunlight therethrough and a second inlet configured to receive a flow of substantially optically transmittant gas said tubular structure further having a second end that opens into said processing chamber and terminating in a nozzle, said nozzle providing an outlet for said substantially optically transmittant gas and said concentrated sunlight, said nozzle configured to create a jet of said optically transmittant gas to form an optically transmittant zone in the substantially opaque VOC's within the processing chamber, in which zone said sunlight can travel; and:a controller configured to control the velocity of said substantially optically transmittant gas as it exits said nozzle so as to vary the depth of the ...

METAL RECOVERY FROM CONTAMINATED METAL SCRAP

A metal reclaiming system and method for reclaiming metal from scrap material is provided. The system has a furnace () and a controller () for controlling operation of the system. The controller () operates the metal reclaiming system in a first operating mode in which the furnace () is operated at a first temperature in the range of 350° C. to 550° C. to incinerate pollutants and drive off volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the scrap material without melting the metal. The controller () is operates the metal reclaiming system in a subsequent operating mode in which the furnace () is operated at a further, higher temperature to melt metal in the said scrap for reclaiming. 1. A metal reclaiming system for reclaiming metal from scrap material and the like , the system comprising:{'b': '12', 'a furnace ();'}{'b': '106', 'and a controller () for controlling operation of the system;'}wherein the controller is configured to operate the metal reclaiming system in:a first operating mode in which the furnace is operated at a first temperature in the range of 350° C. to 550° C. to incinerate pollutants and drive off volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the scrap material without melting the metal;and a subsequent operating mode in which the furnace is operated at a further, higher temperature to melt metal in the said scrap for reclaiming.210612. A metal reclaiming system as claimed in wherein said controller () is configured to operate the metal reclaiming system in an intermediate (second) mode for removing particulate material from said furnace ().310612. A metal reclaiming system as claimed in or wherein said controller () is configured to operate the metal reclaiming system in a further (fourth) mode to thermally condition metal remaining in the furnace ().4281232. A metal reclaiming system as claimed in any preceding claim further comprising a thermal oxidiser () coupled to said furnace () to process raw VOC's and a return path () from said thermal oxidiser to ...

Gas Treatment

This invention proposes a method of removing pollutants from high temperature gasses prior to their introduction in to a heat exchanger of a steam generating boiler within a power generation system. The method comprises placing a filter system () in a hot gas flow path upstream of a waste-heat boiler. The filter system comprising at least two banks of substantially hollow elongate filters (), each of which filters particles from the gas flow as it flows from an external surface thereof to an internal surface thereof. Valves () enable each bank of filters to be isolated from the hot gas flow path. The method included periodically isolating at least one bank of filters while passing hot gasses through at least another of the banks of filters, and cleaning the isolated bank of filters. After cleaning the filters () lime is injected into the flow path so that it coats the outer surface of the filters () to produce a loose lime coating thereon. 1. A method of removing pollutants from high temperature gasses prior to their introduction in to a beat exchanger of a steam generating boiler within a power generation system , me method comprising:placing a filter system m the hot gas flow path upstream of a waste-heat boiler, said filter system, comprising at least two banks of substantially hollow elongate filters, each filter configured to filter particles from the gas flow as it flows from an external surface thereof to an internal surface thereof and valve means to enable each bank of filters to the isolated from the hot gas flow path;passing hot exhaust gasses through said filters to remove pollutants therefrom;periodically isolating at least one bank of filters while passing hot gasses through at least another of said banks of filters;cleaning said isolated bank of filters; and, after cleaning the filters, injecting lime into the flow path sued that it coats the outer surface of the filters to produce a loose lime coating thereon.2. The method according to further ...

SYNTHESIS GAS PROCESSING AND SYSTEM USING COPPER CATALYST IN TWO STEP REACTIONS AT 475-525°C AND 250-290°C

Invention presents a method of increasing the CO to Hratio of syngas. The method comprises passing syngas over a first rector () containing Cu at a first temperature effective for the reaction of COwithin the syngas with the Cu to form copper oxide and CO. The temperature of the syngas is then reduces to a second temperature effective for the for the reaction of hydrogen within the syngas with copper oxide to form Cu and HO. The syngas is then passed over a second rector () containing copper oxide so that the Hwithin the syngas reacts with the copper oxide. 1. A method of increasing the CO to Hratio of syngas , the method comprising:{'sub': '2', 'passing syngas over a first reactor containing Cu at a first temperature effective fm the reaction of COwithin the syngas with the Cu to form copper oxide and CO;'}{'sub': '2', 'reducing the temperature of the syngas to a second temperature effective for the reaction of hydrogen with in the syngas with copper oxide to form Cu and H; and'}{'sub': '2', 'passing the syngas over a second reactor containing copper oxide so that the Hwithin the syngas reacts with the copper oxide.'}2. The method of further comprising claim 1 , prior to its passage through the first reactor claim 1 , passing the syngas through a first heat exchanger to reduce its heat to the first temperature.3. The method of wherein the first temperature is in the range of 475° C. to 525° C.4. The method of wherein the first temperature is 500° C.5. The method of wherein reducing the temperature of the syngas to a second temperature comprises passing the syngas through a second heat exchanger.6. The method of wherein the second temperature is in the range of 250° C. to 290° C.7. The method of wherein the second temperature is 270° C.8. The method of further comprising:{'sub': 2', '2, 'passing the syngas exiting the second reactor through a third heat exchanger to increase its temperature to substantially the first temperature and recirculating the syngas through ...

Improvements in Waste Processing

This invention provides an apparatus for pyrolysing or gasifying material containing an organic content. The apparatus comprising an oven () mounted for rotation on at least one support (). The oven () has an inlet () for receiving hot gas having a low or zero oxygen content to heat the material therein so as to process it to produce syngas, and an outlet () for said syngas. An electromagnet () is disposed in or adjacent the oven () so as to create a magnetic field therein and a plurality of ferrous elements () are freely disposed within the oven (). A controller () is provided for controlling the electromagnet () and the rotation of the oven (). When activated the electromagnet retains said ferrous elements as the oven rotates. 1. An apparatus for pyrolysing or gasifying material containing an organic content; the apparatus comprising:an oven mounted for rotation on at least one support, said oven having an inlet for receiving hot gas having a low or zero oxygen content to heat the material therein so as to process it to produce syngas, and an outlet for said syngas;an electromagnet disposed in or adjacent said oven so as to create a magnetic field therein;a plurality of ferrous elements freely disposed within the oven; andcontrol means for controlling the electromagnet and the rotation of the oven such that when activated said electromagnet retains said ferrous elements as the oven rotates.2. The apparatus according to wherein the oven further comprises a first portion and a second portion claim 1 , wherein said first portion is disposed above said second portion in a first rotational position and wherein said second portion is disposed above said first portion in a second rotational position; wherein said control means is configured to control the oven to rotate it between the first position and the second position.3. The apparatus according to wherein the electromagnet is located in the first portion and the control means is configured to deactivate the ...

Waste processing

An apparatus ( 100 ) for processing waste material is provided which comprises a heat proof chamber ( 102 ), a hot gas inlet ( 106, 112 ) for heating the interior of the heat proof chamber ( 102 ), and a rotatable drum ( 118 ) for containing waste to be processed. The drum ( 118 ) has gaps ( 120 ) therein, is located within the heat proof chamber ( 102 ), and separated therefrom around its edge by a gap. The apparatus ( 100 ) is also provided with a drive ( 126, 128 ) for rotating the drum ( 118 ) at a speed such that, in use, waste material that is heat softened is centrifugally separated from the remainder of the waste and passes through the gaps ( 120 ) in the drum ( 118 ).

Waste Processing

The present invention provides a method and apparatus of processing material having an organic content. The method comprises heating a batch of the material (“E”) in a batch processing apparatus () having a reduced oxygen atmosphere to gasify at least some of the organic content to produce syngas, The temperature of the syngas is then elevated and maintained at the elevated temperature in a thermal treatment: apparatus () for a residence time sufficient to thermally break down any long chain hydrocarbons or volatile organic compounds therein. The calorific value of the syngas produced is monitored by sensors () and, when the calorific value of the syngas is below a predefined threshold, the syngas having a low calorific value is diverted to a burner of a boiler () to produce steam to drive a steam turbine () to produce electricity (“H”). When the calorific value: of the syngas exceeds the predefined threshold syngas having a high calorific value is diverted to a gas engine () to produce electricity (F”). 1. A method of processing material having an organic content comprising:heating a batch of said material in a batch processing apparatus having a reduced oxygen atmosphere to gasify at least some of the organic content to produce syngas gas;elevating the temperature of said syngas and maintaining the syngas at said elevated temperature for a residence time sufficient to thermally break down any long chain hydrocarbons or volatile organic compounds therein;monitoring the calorific value of the syngas produced,when the calorific value of the syngas is below a predefined threshold, diverting the syngas, having a low calorific value, to a burner of a boiler to produce steam; andwhen the calorific value of the syngas exceeds said predefined threshold, diverting said syngas, having a high calorific value, to a gas engine to produce electricity.2. A method according to further comprising a first predefined threshold and a second predefined threshold and wherein:when the ...

Method and Apparatus for Cleaning a Gas Engine

The present invention relates to a method of cleaning a surface within a gas engine, the method comprising: passing ozone through an inlet to the engine and over the surface, reacting the ozone with any organic contaminants on the surface, and removing the reacted contaminants and any residual ozone from an outlet from the engine as a gaseous exhaust. The method is particularly suited to cleaning sensitive or delicate apparatus such as pre-combustion portions of a gas engine. 1. A method of cleaning a surface within a gas engine , the method comprising:passing ozone through an inlet to the engine and over the surface,reacting the ozone with any organic contaminants on the surface, andremoving the reacted contaminants and any residual ozone from an outlet from the engine as a gaseous exhaust.2. The method of comprise recirculating through the engine at least a portion of the gaseous exhaust.3. The method of comprising monitoring the composition of the gaseous exhaust and varying the portion of recirculated gas in response to the monitored composition.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the ozone concentration is monitored.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the concentration of reacted contaminants such as CO and/or CO2 is monitored.6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the level of oxygen is monitored.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method is carried out until the contaminants in the exhaust fall below a predetermined value or until the total carbon level (CO/CO2) remains constant.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reaction step is conducted at a temperature of 50° C. or less.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surface to be cleaned forms part of a pre-combustion part of a gas engine.10. A cleaning apparatus for performing the method of comprising:an ozone source,a supply conduit for connection to an inlet of a gas enginean exhaust conduit for connection to an outlet from a gas engine11. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the ozone source is an ozone ...

Waste Processing

Apparatus for pyrolysing or gasifying the organic content of material, including organically coated waste, biomass, industrial waste, municipal solid waste and sludge, having organic content; the apparatus comprising: an oven having a rotatable portion comprising a treatment chamber adapted to receive material for treatment; a plurality of gas inlets in at least one wall () of the treatment chamber through which hot gases are introduced to the treatment chamber to heat the material therein so as to cause the organic components thereof to pyrolyse or gasify; and a plurality of pockets () having open faces turned inwardly towards the inside of the treatment chamber on at least one wall of the rotatable portion such that, in use, material being pyrolysed or gasified can be received from the treatment chamber into the plurality of pockets () via said open faces, and be substantially retained therein through an initial rotation of the oven of less than 90 degrees. 1. Apparatus for pyrolysing or gasifying the organic content of material , including organically coated waste , biomass , industrial waste , municipal solid waste and sludge having organic content; the apparatus comprising:an oven having a rotatable portion comprising a treatment chamber adapted to receive material for treatment;a plurality of as inlets in at least one wall of the treatment chamber through which hot gases are introduced to the treatment chamber to heat the material therein so as to cause the organic components thereof to pyrolyse or gasify; anda plurality of pockets having open faces turned inwardly towards the inside of the treatment chamber on at least one wall of the rotatable portion such that, in use, material being pyrolysed or gasified can be received from the treatment chamber into the plurality of pockets via said open faces, and be substantially retained therein through an initial rotation of the oven of less than 90 degrees.2. An apparatus according to wherein the treatment chamber ...

Waste Management

The present invention relates to a method for producing steam, the method comprising: (a) passing waste gas through a first boiler to produce steam having a first temperature, and cooled waste gas; (b) removing contaminants from the cooled waste gas to produce clean waste gas; (c) passing the steam having a first temperature through a second boiler; and (d) burning at least a portion of the clean waste gas in the second boiler to produce steam having a second temperature, the second temperature being higher than the first temperature. The method is particularly suited to efficiently generating high temperature, high pressure steam derived from the pyrolysis/gasification of organic waste. 128-. (canceled)29. A method for producing steam , the method comprising:(a) passing waste gas through a first boiler to produce steam having a first temperature, and cooled waste gas;(b) removing contaminants from the cooled waste gas to produce clean waste gas;(c) passing the steam having a first temperature through a second boiler; and(d) burning at least a portion of the clean waste gas in the second boiler to produce steam having a second temperature, the second temperature being higher than the first temperature.30. The method of claim 29 , further comprising an initial step of gasifying waste organic material to produce waste gas.31. The method of claim 29 , wherein the waste gas used in step (a) has a temperature of at least 400° C.32. The method of claim 29 , additionally comprising monitoring the first temperature and/or the pressure of the steam obtained in step (a).33. The method of claim 32 , further comprising controlling the first temperature and/or pressure of the steam obtained in step (a).34. The method of claim 29 , wherein the steam has a first temperature of no more than 400° C.35. The method of claim 29 , wherein the steam produced in step (a) has a pressure of at least 40 bar.36. The method of claim 29 , wherein the second temperature is at least 450° C.37. ...

Waste Processing

This invention provides a system and method for pyrolysing and/or gasifying material such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass, industrial waste, municipal solid waste and sludge. In a first mode of operation the method/system heats the material in a processing chamber () by passing hot gas therethrough. This pyrolyses and/or gasifies the organic content it to produce syngas and, invariably, soot. In a second mode of operation the method/system increases the oxygen content of the hot gas such that the oxygen within the hot gas reacts with the heated soot to form carbon monoxide. 129-. (canceled)30. A batch processing method of pyrolysing and/or gasifying material such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass , industrial waste , municipal solid water and sludge , the method comprising:in a first mode of operation heating the material in a processing chamber, by recirculating hot gas therethrough, to pyrolyse and/or gasify it to produce syngas and soot and a residual material; andin a second mode of operation increasing the oxygen content of the recirculating hot gas such that the oxygen reacts with the soot to form carbon monoxide; and in the second mode of operation:monitoring one or more of the calorific value of the gas, the hydrogen content of the gas, and the carbon monoxide content of the gas; and if one or more of the calorific value, the hydrogen content, and the carbon monoxide content of the gas is very low or substantially zero ending the process; and/or ormonitoring the temperature of the gas and if the temperature of the gas remains substantially constant, ending the process.31. The batch processing method as claimed in wherein the second mode of operation is carried out in the same processing chamber as the first mode of operation.32. The batch processing method as claimed in comprising maintaining the residual material in the processing chamber during the second mode of operation.33. The batch ...

MATERIAL PROCESSING

According to this invention there is provided a method of processing material such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass, industrial waste, municipal solid waste and sludge, the method comprising: attaching a material container cartridge containing material to be processed to a processing chamber; heating the material in a reduced oxygen atmosphere in the processing chamber to produce gas; channeling the gas from the processing chamber to a treatment chamber in which they are heated to destroy any VOC's therein; recirculating gas from the treatment chamber back into the processing chamber; and in a first mode of operation modifying the moisture content of the gas recirculating from the treatment chamber to the processing chamber by passing it through a second material container cartridge containing material to be processed. 1. A method of processing material such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass , industrial waste , municipal solid waste and sludge , the method comprising:attaching a material container cartridge containing material to be processed to a processing chamber;heating the material in a reduced oxygen atmosphere in the processing chamber to produce gas;channelling the gas from the processing chamber to a treatment chamber in which they are heated to destroy any VOC's therein;recirculating gas from the treatment chamber back into the processing chamber; andin a first mode of operation modifying the moisture content of the gas recirculating from the treatment chamber to the processing chamber by passing it through a second material container cartridge containing material to be processed.2100. The method according to wherein the material in the second material container cartridge is at a temperature below ° C. such that moisture within the gasses condensates in the second material container cartridge thereby reducing the HO content of the gas.3. The method according to wherein the temperature of ...

Waste Processing

M&C PB 143543WO 22 31524653-1-abhimani ABSTRACT An apparatus and method for processing organic materials is provided comprising an elongate process tube () having an inlet for receiving the material and an outlet for processed material. A gas conveying system fluidically conveys the material through the processing tube, The gas conveying system comprises a supply of conveying gas which is a hot pressurised inert gas, connected to the processing tube () at its inlet end. A control system is configured to control the supply of the pressurised inert gas to the processing tube () so as to convey a batch of material through the tube () whilst simultaneously heating said it to cause the organic matter therein to gasify to produce process. The processing tube () has a plurality of sections, each separated by a closure (), and the gas conveying means conveys the material from one section to the next. 1. Apparatus for processing material such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass , industrial waste , municipal solid waste and sludge; the apparatus comprising:an elongate process tube having an inlet for receiving the material and an outlet for processed material;a gas conveying system for fluidically conveying said material through said processing tube, said conveying system comprising a supply of conveying gas, comprising hot pressurised inert gas, connected to said processing tube at its inlet end; anda control system configured to control the supply of said pressurised inert gas to said processing tube so as to convey a batch of said material through said tube simultaneously heating said material to cause any organic matter therein to gasify to produce process gas whereinthe processing tube comprises a plurality of sections, each separated by a valve, and wherein the gas conveying system is configured to convey the material from one section to the next.2. The apparatus of further comprising a separator configured to extract the process gas ...

Waste Processing

An apparatus for processing material () such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass, industrial waste, municipal solid waste and sludge is provided. The apparatus comprises an oven having a rotatable portion comprising a treatment chamber adapted to receive material for treatment. A plurality of gas inlets are provided in at least one wall of the treatment chamber through which hot gasses are introduced to the treatment chamber to heat the material therein so as to cause the organic components thereof to pyrolyse or gassify. At least one retarder means () is located in the treatment chamber to retard the movement of waste material therein as the oven rotates. 1. Apparatus for processing material such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass , industrial waste , municipal solid waste and sludge; the apparatus comprising:an oven having a rotatable portion comprising a treatment chamber adapted to receive material for treatment;a plurality of gas inlets in at least one wall of the treatment chamber through which hot gasses are introduced to the treatment chamber to heat the material therein so as to cause the organic components thereof to pyrolyse or gassify; andat least one retarder means located in the treatment chamber to retard the movement of waste material therein as the oven rotates.2. An apparatus according to wherein the oven has at least one 15 substantially flat side and the retaining means are provided on the flat side of the oven.3. An apparatus according to wherein the retarder means can be moved between an active position in which they protrude into the treatment chamber by a first distance and an inactive position wherein protrude into the treatment chamber by a second distance claim 1 , the first distance being greater than the second distance.4. An apparatus according to wherein in the inactive position the retarders are substantially flush with the walls of the treatment chamber.5. An apparatus ...

Waste Processing

This invention provides a system () for generating energy from waste material. The system comprises a first batch processing oven () for generating syngas and a second batch processing oven () for generating syngas. At least one thermal treatment chamber () heats the syngas after it is produced, and an energy converter () converts energy from the syngas to electrical energy. 1. A system for generating energy from waste material comprising:a first batch processing oven for generating syngas;a second batch processing oven for generating syngas;at least one thermal treatment chamber for heating said syngas;and an energy converter for converting energy from the syngas to electrical energy.2. A system according to wherein the thermal treatment chamber includes one or more burners for burning said syngas and the energy convertor includes a heat recovery means for recovering heat from the burning gases.3. A system according to wherein the thermal treatment chamber includes one or more burners for heating said syngas without combusting it claim 1 , and the energy converter comprises a syngas engine.4. A system as claimed in further comprising a third or third and fourth batch processing oven for generating syngas.5. A system as claimed in further comprising control means for controlling the supply of syngas from said first and subsequent batch processing ovens to the or each said thermal treatment chamber in dependence on at least one operating parameter of said apparatus claim 1 , thereby to ensure a substantially constant supply of syngas to said thermal treatment chamber.6. A system as claimed in wherein said operating parameter is the content of carbon monoxide in said syngas.7. A system as claimed in wherein the control means is operable to control the supply of syngas from one batch processing oven to the thermal treatment chamber while another batch processing oven is being emptied and refilled.8. A system as claimed in wherein the control means is configured to ...

equipment for processing waste material.

active reformer

Apparatus and method for thermally removing coatings and/or impurities

This invention relates to apparatus for thermally de-coating and/or drying coated and/or contaminated materials. The apparatus comprises at least one support, an oven (10) mounted to each support and adapted for receiving material to be treated: each oven (10) being moveable between a first position in which a first portion (4) is generally higher than a second portion (6) and a second position in which the second portion (6) is generally higher than the first portion (4) and in use, the or each oven (10) is repeatedly moved between first and second positions to move material within the oven. The apparatus including at least one afterburner (22) for generating a stream of hot gasses and conduit means for directing the stream of hot gasses into a treatment zone of the oven and exhaust means for returning the gasses to the at least one afterburner whereby the or each oven does not include an integral afterburner.

Improvements in waste processing

The present invention provides a method and apparatus of processing material having an organic content. The method comprises heating a batch of the material ("E") in a batch processing apparatus (16) having a reduced oxygen atmosphere to gasify at least some of the organic content to produce syngas, The temperature of the syngas is then elevated and maintained at the elevated temperature in a thermal treatment: apparatus (18) for a residence time sufficient to thermally break down any long chain hydrocarbons or volatile organic compounds therein. The calorific value of the syngas produced is monitored by sensors (26) and, when the calorific value of the syngas is below a predefined threshold, the syngas having a low calorific value is diverted to a burner of a boiler (22) to produce steam to drive a steam turbine (36) to produce electricity ("H"). When the calorific value: of the syngas exceeds the predefined threshold syngas having a high calorific value is diverted to a gas engine (40) to produce electricity (F").

Heat processing apparatus

Apparatus for heat processing scrap materials, particularly for de-contaminating aluminium can scrap, as shown in the single drawing, has a rotary kiln (10) defining a furnace chamber (12) along which the material is fed; with hot gas circulation means including a duct (32) leading through the chamber from the input end to an enclosure (24) at the output end from which the gases pass back in contra-flow to the material through the furnace chamber itself to return to the input end, the remaining parts of the gas circulation means, typically including an after burner (42) through which the exhausted gases are recirculated, being at the input end of the furnace to provide a compact unitary and readily adaptable construction in which heat losses are minimised.

Aluminium recovery from coated aluminium scrap material

A metal reclaiming system and method for reclaiming metal from scrap material is provided. The system has a furnace (12) and a controller (106) for controlling operation of the system. The controller (106) operates the metal reclaiming system in a first operating mode in which the furnace (12) is operated at a first temperature in the range of 350°C to 550°C to incinerate pollutants and drive off volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the scrap material without melting the metal. The controller (106) is operates the metal reclaiming system in a subsequent operating mode in which the furnace (12) is operated at a further, higher temperature to melt metal in the said scrap for reclaiming.

Heat processing apparatus

Apparatus for heat processing scrap materials, particularly for de-contaminating aluminium can scrap, as shown in the single drawing, has a rotary kiln (10) defining a furnace chamber (12) along which the material is fed; with hot gas circulation means including a duct (32) leading through the chamber from the input end to an enclosure (24) at the output end from which the gases pass back in contra-flow to the material through the furnace chamber itself to return to the input end, the remaining parts of the gas circulation means, typically including an after burner (42) through which the exhausted gases are recirculated, being at the input end of the furnace to provide a compact unitary and readily adaptable construction in which heat losses are minimised.

Apparatus and method for thermally removing coatings and/or impurities.

Esta invencion se refiere a un aparato para el desprendimiento o remocion y/o secado de materiales revestidos y/o contaminados. El aparato comprende un soporte: y un horno (10) montado en el soporte para la recepcion del material que sera tratado. El horno (10) podria ser movido entre una primera posicion, en la cual una primera porcion se encuentra mas alta que una segunda porcion, y una segunda posicion, en la cual la segunda porcion se encuentra mas alta que la primera porcion. En uso, el horno puede ser movido de manera repetida entre la primera y segunda posiciones, de modo que el material caiga de una porcion a la otra porcion.

Oven

An oven (10) has a rotatable portion (12, 14) comprising an outer chamber (2 0) and an inner treatment chamber (22) within the outer chamber. The inner treatment chamber is adapted to receive material for treatment and the oven has means (28, 32, 34, 36, 38, 42) to heat the inner treatment chamber externally. Preferably, the inner treatment chamber is heated by means of a flow of hot gases through the outer chamber, which passes over the external surfaces of the walls of the inner treatment chamber. The oven may also include means (44, 48) for introducing a flow of hot gasses through the inne r treatment chamber. The flow rate of the hot gasses passing through the inner and outer chambers can be varied according to the nature of the material bei ng treated. The oven is particularly suited to thermally de-coating scrap materials.

improvement in waste processing.

Oven

An oven (10) has a rotatable portion (12, 14) comprising an outer chamber (20) and an inner treatment chamber (22) within the outer chamber. The inner treatment chamber is adapted to receive material for treatment and the oven has means (28, 32, 34, 36, 38, 42) to heat the inner treatment chamber externally. Preferably, the inner treatment chamber is heated by means of a flow of hot gases through the outer chamber, which passes over the external surfaces of the walls of the inner treatment chamber. The oven may also include means (44, 48) for introducing a flow of hot gasses through the inner treatment chamber. The flow rate of the hot gasses passing through the inner and outer chambers can be varied according to the nature of the material being treated. The oven is particularly suited to thermally de-coating scrap materials.

Improvements in waste processing

An apparatus for processing material (29) such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass, industrial waste, municipal solid waste and sludge is provided. The apparatus comprises an oven having a rotatable portion comprising a treatment chamber adapted to receive material for treatment. A plurality of gas inlets are provided in at least one wall of the treatment chamber through which hot gasses are introduced to the treatment chamber to heat the material therein so as to cause the organic components thereof to pyrolyse or gassify. At least one retarder means (26) is located in the treatment chamber to retard the movement of waste material therein as the oven rotates.

Multi-heat zone gasifier

An apparatus and method for processing waste material including organic waste and MSW comprises an elongate processing chamber (100) having a processing zone (200, 300) for processing waste at an elevated temperature; wherein the processing chamber (100) has: an inlet (210) for introducing said waste material; an outlet (504) for removal of processed solids; first means (206, 306) for introducing hot gasses into said chamber (100) at a radially outer region of said chamber; and extraction means (102) for extracting gas from a central region of said chamber (100).

Improvements in waste processing

M&C PB143543WO 22 31524653-1-abhimani ABSTRACT An apparatus and method for processing organic materials is provided comprising an elongate process tube (22) having an inlet for receiving the material and an outlet for processed material. A gas conveying system fluidically conveys the material through the processing tube, The gas conveying system comprises a supply of conveying gas which is a hot pressurised inert gas, connected to the processing tube (22) at its inlet end. A control system is configured to control the supply of the pressurised inert gas to the processing tube (22) so as to convey a batch of material through the tube (22) whilst simultaneously heating said it to cause the organic matter therein to gasify to produce process. The processing tube (22) has a plurality of sections, each separated by a closure (44), and the gas conveying means conveys the material from one section to the next. (Figure 1)

Improvements in Waste Processing

M&C PB143543WO 22 31524653-1-abhimani ABSTRACT An apparatus and method for processing organic materials is provided comprising an elongate process tube (22) having an inlet for receiving the material and an outlet for processed material. A gas conveying system fluidically conveys the material through the processing tube, The gas conveying system comprises a supply of conveying gas which is a hot pressurised inert gas, connected to the processing tube (22) at its inlet end. A control system is configured to control the supply of the pressurised inert gas to the processing tube (22) so as to convey a batch of material through the tube (22) whilst simultaneously heating said it to cause the organic matter therein to gasify to produce process. The processing tube (22) has a plurality of sections, each separated by a closure (44), and the gas conveying means conveys the material from one section to the next. (Figure 1)

Improvements in Waste Processing

M&C PB143543WO 22 31524653-1-abhimani ABSTRACT An apparatus and method for processing organic materials is provided comprising an elongate process tube (22) having an inlet for receiving the material and an outlet for processed material. A gas conveying system fluidically conveys the material through the processing tube, The gas conveying system comprises a supply of conveying gas which is a hot pressurised inert gas, connected to the processing tube (22) at its inlet end. A control system is configured to control the supply of the pressurised inert gas to the processing tube (22) so as to convey a batch of material through the tube (22) whilst simultaneously heating said it to cause the organic matter therein to gasify to produce process. The processing tube (22) has a plurality of sections, each separated by a closure (44), and the gas conveying means conveys the material from one section to the next. (Figure 1)

Multi-heat zone gasifier.

Un aparato y método para el procesamiento del material de desperdicio que incluye un material orgánico y MSW comprende una cámara alargada de procesamiento (100) que tiene una zona de procesamiento (200, 300) para el procesamiento de desperdicio en una temperatura elevada; en donde la cámara de procesamiento 100 tiene una entrada (210) para la introducción del material de desperdicio; una salida (504) para la remoción de los sólidos procesados, un primer medio (206, 306) para la introducción de los gases calientes en la cámara (100) en una región radialmente exterior de la cámara; y el medio de extracción (102) para la extracción del gas de una región central de la cámara (100).

Waste management

The present invention relates to a method for producing steam, the method comprising: (a) passing waste gas through a first boiler to produce steam having a first temperature, and cooled waste gas; (b) removing contaminants from the cooled waste gas to produce clean waste gas; (c) passing the steam having a first temperature through a second boiler; and (d) burning at least a portion of the clean waste gas in the second boiler to produce steam having a second temperature, the second temperature being higher than the first temperature. The method is particularly suited to efficiently generating high temperature, high pressure steam derived from the pyrolysis/gasification of organic waste.

Synthesis gas processing and system using copper catalyst in two step reactions at 475-525° C. and 250-290° C.

Invention presents a method of increasing the CO to H 2 ratio of syngas. The method comprises passing syngas over a first rector ( 10 ) containing Cu at a first temperature effective for the reaction of CO 2 within the syngas with the Cu to form copper oxide and CO. The temperature of the syngas is then reduces to a second temperature effective for the for the reaction of hydrogen within the syngas with copper oxide to form Cu and H 2 O. The syngas is then passed over a second rector ( 12 ) containing copper oxide so that the H 2 within the syngas reacts with the copper oxide.

Improvements in material processing

According to this invention there is provided a method of processing material such as organically coated waste and organic materials in cluding biomass, industrial waste, municipal solid waste and sludge, the method comprising: attaching a material container cartridge (12) containing material to be processed to a processing chamber (14); heating the material in a reduced oxygen atmosphere in the processing chamber (14) to produce gas; channelling the gas from the pro cessing chamber (14) to a treatment chamber (20) in which they are heated to destroy any VOC's therein; recirculating gas from the treat ment chamber (20) back into the processing chamber (14); and in a first mode of operation modifying the moisture content of the gas re circulating from the treatment chamber (20) to the processing chamber (14) by passing it through a second material container cartridge (28, 30) containing material (50) to be processed.

Improvements in waste processing

Multi-heat zone gasifier

An apparatus and method for processing waste material including organic waste and MSW comprises an elongate processing chamber (100) having a processing zone (200, 300) for processing waste at an elevated temperature; wherein the processing chamber (100) has: an inlet (210) for introducing said waste material; an outlet (504) for removal of processed solids; first means (206, 306) for introducing hot gasses into said chamber (100) at a radially outer region of said chamber; and extraction means (102) for extracting gas from a central region of said chamber (100).

Apparatus and method for thermally removing coatings and/or impurities

This invention relates to apparatus for de-coating and/or drying coated and/or contaminated materials. The apparatus comprising a support: and an oven (10) mounted to the support for receiving material to be treated. The oven (10) maybe moved between a first position in which a first portion is higher than a second portion, and a second position in which the converse is true. In use, the oven can be repeatedly moved between the first and second positions so material falls from one portion to the other portion.

Scrap recovery apparatus

metal melting apparatus

Oven

An oven (10) has a rotatable portion (12, 14) comprising an outer chamber (20) and an inner treatment chamber (22) within the outer chamber. The inner treatment chamber is adapted to receive material for treatment and the oven has means (28, 32, 34, 36, 38, 42) to heat the inner treatment chamber externally. Preferably, the inner treatment chamber is heated by means of a flow of hot gases through the outer chamber, which passes over the external surfaces of the walls of the inner treatment chamber. The oven may also include means (44, 48) for introducing a flow of hot gasses through the inner treatment chamber. The flow rate of the hot gasses passing through the inner and outer chambers can be varied according to the nature of the material being treated. The oven is particularly suited to thermally de-coating scrap materials.

Improvements in waste processing

Apparatus for pyrolysing or gasifying the organic content of material, including organically coated waste, biomass, industrial waste, municipal solid waste and sludge, having organic content; the apparatus comprising : an oven having a rotatable portion comprising a treatment chamber adapted to receive material for treatment; a plurality of gas inlets in at least one wall (5) of the treatment chamber through which hot gases are introduced to the treatment chamber to heat the material therein so as to cause the organic components thereof to pyrolyse or gasify; and a plurality of pockets (8) having open faces turned inwardly towards the inside of the treatment chamber on at least one wall of the rotatable portion such that, in use, material being pyrolysed or gasified can be received from the treatment chamber into the plurality of pockets (8) via said open faces, and be substantially retained therein through an initial rotation of the oven of less than 90 degrees. (Figure 3)

Improvements in thermal oxidisers, using concentrated sunlight

A VOC treatment apparatus is provided for treating substantially opaque VOCs and comprises a processing chamber (24) in which VOCs are treated; and a solar energy introducing device (8). The solar energy introducing device (8) comprises a tubular structure having a first end located external to the processing chamber (24) and having a first inlet (14) through which concentrated sunlight is received and a second inlet (16) through which a flow of substantially optically transmittant gas is received. The solar energy introducing device (8) has a second end (18) that opens into the processing chamber (24) and terminates in a nozzle providing an outlet for the substantially optically transmittant gas and the concentrated sunlight. In use the optically transmittant gas exits the second end of the device in a jet to create an optically transmittant zone in the substantially opaque VOCs within the processing chamber (24), in which zone the sunlight can travel.

Apparatus and method for thermally removing coatings and/or impurities

This invention relates to apparatus for thermally de-coating and/or drying coated and/or contaminated materials. The apparatus comprises at least one support, an oven (10) mounted to each support and adapted for receiving material to be treated: each oven (10) being moveable between a first position in which a first portion (4) is generally higher than a second portion (6) and a second position in which the second portion (6) is generally higher than the first portion (4) and in use, the or each oven (10) is repeatedly moved between first and second positions to move material within the oven. The apparatus including at least one afterburner (22) for generating a stream of hot gasses and conduit means for directing the stream of hot gasses into a treatment zone of the oven and exhaust means for returning the gasses to the at least one afterburner whereby the or each oven does not include an integral afterburner.

Improvements in waste processing

Improvements in thermal oxidisers, using concentrated sunlight

A VOC treatment apparatus is provided for treating substantially opaque VOCs and comprises a processing chamber (24) in which VOCs are treated; and a solar energy introducing device (8). The solar energy introducing device (8) comprises a tubular structure having a first end located external to the processing chamber (24) and having a first inlet (14) through which concentrated sunlight is received and a second inlet (16) through which a flow of substantially optically transmittant gas is received. The solar energy introducing device (8) has a second end (18) that opens into the processing chamber (24) and terminates in a nozzle providing an outlet for the substantially optically transmittant gas and the concentrated sunlight. In use the optically transmittant gas exits the second end of the device in a jet to create an optically transmittant zone in the substantially opaque VOCs within the processing chamber (24), in which zone the sunlight can travel.

Improvements in waste processing.

Esta invención proporciona un sistema y método para someter a pirólisis y/o gasificación material tal como desecho orgánico recubierto y materiales orgánicos que incluye biomasa, desechos industriales, desechos sólidos municipales y lodo. En un primer modo de operación, el método/sistema calienta el material en una cámara de procesamiento (10) mediante el paso de gas caliente a través del mismo. Esto piroliza y/o gasifica el contenido orgánico produciendo singas e, invariablemente, hollín. En un segundo modo de operación, el método/sistema incrementa el contenido de oxígeno de gas caliente tal que el oxígeno dentro del gas caliente reacciona con el hollín calentado para formar monóxido de carbono.

Synthesis gas processing and system using copper catalyst in two step reactions at475-525 °c and 250-290 °c.

La presente invención se refiere a un método para incrementar la relación CO a H2 de gas de síntesis. El método comprende pasar gas de síntesis sobre un primer rector (10) que contiene Cu a una primera temperatura efectiva para la reacción de CO2 dentro del gas de síntesis con el Cu para formar óxido de cobre y CO. La temperatura del gas de síntesis es entonces reducida a una segunda temperatura efectiva para la reacción de hidrógeno dentro del gas de síntesis con óxido de cobre para formar Cu y H2O. El gas de síntesis es entonces pasado sobre un segundo rector (12) que contiene óxido de cobre de manera que el H2 dentro del gas de síntesis reacciona con el óxido de cobre.

Metal processing or recovery

Continuous melting of lightweight shredded metal, e.g. in the recycling of aluminium can scrap, uses apparatus as shown in the figure 1, the scrap portions being fed into the top of a melting chamber (12) to be acted on by an upward flow of gases at controlled velocity, preferably recirculated from the top to the bottom by a fan (18), and heated to a temperature in excess of the metal melting point; the portions being borne in the flow within the chamber until they melt into denser droplets or globules which drop from the chamber to collect in a holding furnace (26).

gasification system.

sistema de gaseificação. a invenção fornece um dispositivo para o processamento de materiais, tais como resíduos organicamente revestidos e materiais orgânicos incluindo biomassa, resíduo industrial, resíduo sólido urbano e lodo, que compreende uma câmara de processamento (2) para processar o referido material em uma temperatura elevada para produzir singás e uma câmara de combustão (4) que tem pelo menos um queimador para queimar o singás liberado pelo processamento de tal material. um meio de conduto (18) é fornecido entre a referida câmara de processamento para conduzir os gases quentes de exaustão provenientes da câmara de combustão (4) para a referida câmara de processamento (2) e um último espelho (24) é disposto para refletir e concentrar a luz solar para promover a elevação da temperatura no interior da referida câmara de processamento (2). o dispositivo também inclui um reservatório de singás (66). um conduto de armazenamento (62) para conduzir o singás para dentro do referido reservatório de singás (66) e é fornecida uma linha de alimentação de singás (68) para alimentar singás do referido reservatório para a referida câmara de combustão (4). gasification system. The invention provides a device for processing materials, such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass, industrial waste, urban solid waste and sludge, comprising a processing chamber (2) for processing said material at an elevated temperature to producing syngas and a combustion chamber (4) having at least one burner for burning the syngas released by processing such material. a conduit means (18) is provided between said processing chamber for conducting hot exhaust gases from the combustion chamber (4) to said processing chamber (2) and a last mirror (24) is arranged to reflect and concentrating sunlight to promote temperature elevation within said processing chamber (2). the device also includes a syas tank (66). a storage conduit (62) for conducting the syngas into ...

Active reformer

The invention provides an apparatus and method for producing synthetic gas. The apparatus has a pyrolysis chamber (12) for generating synthetic gas, a reformer unit (14), conduit means (22, 24) forming a circulation loop for repeatedly circulating gases between said pyrolysis chamber and said water-gas shift reaction zone and means for adding hydrogen to said gas circulating in said loop by way of a water-gas shift reaction.

Process for producing activated carbon and hydrogen

Warmbehandlungsgerät

Vorrichtung und verfahren zum thermischen entfernen von beschichtungen oder verunreinigungen

Συσκευη και μεθοδος δια την απομακρυνση δια θepμοτητος επιχρισματων και/ή ακαθαρσιων

Μια συσκευή δια την από-επίχρηση δια θερμικής οδού και/ή την ξήρανση επενδεδυμένων και/ή ρυπανθέντων υλικών περιλαμβάνει υποστήριγμα και κλίβανο (10) συναρμολογημένο με δυνατότητα περιστροφής επί του υποστηρίγματος. Ο κλίβανος έχει τμήμα γεμίσεως (12) δια να παραλαμβάνει υλικό που πρόκειται να υποστεί κατεργασία και τμήμα εκκενώσεως (14). Ενσωματωμένος εντός του τμήματος εκκενώσεως είναι θάλαμος θερμικής κατεργασίας (16) μέσω του οποίου μπορεί να διέλθει ρεύμα θερμών αερίων (15). Ο κλίβανος μπορεί να κινείται περιστροφικά μεταξύ μιας πρώτης θέσης εις την οποία το τμήμα εκκενώσεως βρίσκεται υψηλότερα από το τμήμα γεμίσεως και μια δευτέρα θέση εις την οποία το τμήμα γεμίσεως είναι υψηλότερα από το τμήμα εκκενώσεως. Η διάταξη είναι τέτοια ώστε ο κλίβανος να μπορεί να κινείται επανειλημμένως μεταξύ της πρώτης και της δευτέρας θέσεως, ούτως ώστε το υλικό εντός του κλιβάνου να πέφτει από το ένα τμήμα εις το άλλο τμήμα διερχόμενο μέσω του ρεύματος των θερμών αερίων εις τον θάλαμο θερμικής κατεργασίας. Αποκαλύπτεται επίσης και μέθοδος η οποία χρησιμοποιεί τη συσκευή αυτή.

Vorrichtung und verfahren zur thermischen entfernung von beschichtungen und/oder verunreinigungen

Improvements in waste processing

The present invention relates to an apparatus arranged to process waste having an organic content. The apparatus comprises: a first processing chamber arranged to receive and heat said waste in a reduced or substantially zero-oxygen atmosphere to produce syngas and carbonaceous material; a second processing chamber arranged to receive and heat carbonaceous material in a reduced oxygen atmosphere to gasify it to produce carbon monoxide; means for controlling the oxygen content within the second processing chamber comprising a control system configured to monitor a property of the gas produced in the first processing chamber and to control a flow of oxygen containing gas into the second processing chamber in response to said property; and a thermal treatment chamber having a syngas inlet configured to receive syngas from the first chamber and the carbon monoxide from the second chamber. The thermal treatment chamber is configured to heat the gas therein to break down any volatile organic compounds or long chain hydrocarbons therein.

Improvements in waste processing

The present invention relates to an apparatus arranged to process waste having an organic content. The apparatus comprises: a first processing chamber arranged to receive and heat said waste in a reduced or substantially zero-oxygen atmosphere to produce syngas and carbonaceous material; a second processing chamber arranged to receive and heat carbonaceous material in a reduced oxygen atmosphere to gasify it to produce carbon monoxide; means for controlling the oxygen content within the second processing chamber comprising a control system configured to monitor a property of the gas produced in the first processing chamber and to control a flow of oxygen containing gas into the second processing chamber in response to said property; and a thermal treatment chamber having a syngas inlet configured to receive syngas from the first chamber and the carbon monoxide from the second chamber. The thermal treatment chamber is configured to heat the gas therein to break down any volatile organic compounds or long chain hydrocarbons therein.

Improvements in waste processing

廢料處理的改良

本發明係提出一用於熱解或氣化含有一有機內容物的材料之裝備。該裝備包含一烤爐(10)，其安裝以供在至少一支撐件(12，14)上旋轉。烤爐(10)包含一主處理腔室(16)以供在一低或零氧大氣中加熱材料，以氣化或熱解其有機內容物。亦提供一用於從主處理腔室(16)接收經處理材料之次級處理腔室(18)。一渦流分離器(22)係被定位成相鄰於次級處理腔室(18)或位於其中，並設置使得隨著烤爐旋轉，第二處理腔室中的材料重覆地予以通過。渦流分離器(22)係被定向使得在使用中，其從次級處理腔室(18)射出非鐵金屬。

Process for Producing Activated Carbon and Hydrogen

The process includes activating a char in an oven by heating the char with steam to generate activated carbon and syngas. The process also includes monitoring parameters of the syngas produced and controlling the oven in response to the parameter. The process converts a feedstock, typically organic waste, into useable products.

Seal

A seal for sealing together first and second tubular members ( 12,14 ) rotatable relative to one another is provided. The seal comprises first and second sealing portions ( 18, 20 ) securable respectively to said first and tubular members ( 12,14 ) and having respective first and second abutment surfaces ( 40, 26 ) slidingly engageable with one another. In response to the application of axial pressure to the first abutment surface ( 40 ) through the second abutment surface ( 26 ), the abutment surface of the first sealing portion ( 18 ) is deflectable axially of the second sealing portion ( 20 ) in the direction of the axial pressure to retain the abutment surfaces in sealing contact.

Improvements in waste processing

This invention proposes an apparatus for pyrolysing or gasifying material containing an organic content. The apparatus comprises an oven (10) mounted for rotation on at least one support (12, 14). The oven (10) comprises a main processing chamber (16) for heating the material in a low or zero oxygen atmosphere to gasify or pyrolyse its organic content. A secondary processing chamber (18) for receiving processed material from the main processing chamber (16) is also provided. An eddy current separator (22) is positioned adjacent or in the secondary processing chamber (18) and is located such that as the oven rotates, material in the second processing chamber repeatedly passes it. The eddy current separator (22) is orientated such that, in use, it ejects non-ferrous metals from the secondary processing chamber (18).

Metal processing or recovery

Continuous melting of lightweight shredded metal, e.g. in the recycling of aluminium can scrap, uses apparatus as shown in Figure 1, the scrap portions being fed into the top of a melting chamber (12) to be acted on by an upward flow of gases at controlled velocity, preferably recirculated from the top to the bottom by a fan (18), and heated to a temperature in excess of the metal melting point; the portions being borne in the flow within the chamber until they melt into denser droplets or globules which drop from the chamber to collect in a holding furnace (26). <IMAGE>

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verarbeiten oder Rückgewinnen von Metallen

Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verarbeiten oder rückgewinnen von metallen

Method and apparatus for cleaning gas engine

The present invention relates to a method of cleaning a surface within a gas engine, the method comprising: passing ozone through an inlet to the engine and over the surface, reacting the ozone with any organic contaminants on the surface, and removing the reacted contaminants and any residual ozone from an outlet from the engine as a gaseous exhaust. The method is particularly suited to cleaning sensitive or delicate apparatus such as pre-combustion portions of a gas engine.

Waste processing

This invention provides a system ( 10 ) for generating energy from waste material. The system comprises a first batch processing oven ( 12 ) for generating syngas and a second batch processing oven ( 14 ) for generating syngas. At least one thermal treatment chamber ( 20 ) heats the syngas after it is produced, and an energy converter ( 22 ) converts energy from the syngas to electrical energy.

Waste processing

Apparatus for pyrolyzing or gasifying the organic content of material, including organically coated waste, biomass, industrial waste, municipal solid waste and sludge, having organic content; the apparatus comprising: an oven having a rotatable portion comprising a treatment chamber adapted to receive material for treatment; a plurality of gas inlets in at least one wall ( 5 ) of the treatment chamber through which hot gases are introduced to the treatment chamber to heat the material therein so as to cause the organic components thereof to pyrolyze or gasify; and a plurality of pockets ( 8 ) having open faces turned inwardly towards the inside of the treatment chamber on at least one wall of the rotatable portion such that, in use, material being pyrolyzed or gasified can be received from the treatment chamber into the plurality of pockets ( 8 ) via said open faces, and be substantially retained therein through an initial rotation of the oven of less than 90 degrees.

Waste processing

The present invention provides a method and apparatus of processing material having an organic content. The method comprises heating a batch of the material (“E”) in a batch processing apparatus ( 16 ) having a reduced oxygen atmosphere to gasify at least some of the organic content to produce syngas, The temperature of the syngas is then elevated and maintained at the elevated temperature in a thermal treatment: apparatus ( 18 ) for a residence time sufficient to thermally break down any long chain hydrocarbons or volatile organic compounds therein. The calorific value of the syngas produced is monitored by sensors ( 26 ) and, when the calorific value of the syngas is below a predefined threshold, the syngas having a low calorific value is diverted to a burner of a boiler ( 22 ) to produce steam to drive a steam turbine ( 36 ) to produce electricity (“H”). When the calorific value: of the syngas exceeds the predefined threshold syngas having a high calorific value is diverted to a gas engine ( 40 ) to produce electricity (F”).