Pharmaceutical dosage forms and compositions comprising lecoztan

Gas-phase polymerization process to achieve a high particle density

A process for increasing a granular particle density of a polymeric product using at least one particle density promoting agent is described. The process includes passing a gaseous stream comprising at least one monomer through a fluidized bed reactor in the presence of a catalyst to form a polymeric product having a first granular particle density of less than or equal to about 850 kg/m<3>, contacting the polymeric product with at least one particle density promoting agent to increase the granular particle density of the polymeric product by at least 2%, withdrawing the polymeric product having an increased granular particle density and a recycle stream comprised of unreacted monomers, and cooling and reintroducing the recycle stream into the fluidized bed reactor with sufficient additional monomer to replace the monomer polymerized and withdrawn as the polymeric product.

Improved gas phase fluidized bed polymerization process using sonic cleaner withoptimum design and operation

Method of detecting and correcting local defluidization and channeling in fluidized-bed reactors for polymerization

Pharmaceutical dosage forms and compositions of 5-HT1A receptor antagonists

Hydraulic tensioning flange connector

Hydraulic flange connectors connect two flange components together, and hydraulic pressure applied to ports in connector holes of one of the flanges tension the flange studs and crush the gasket between the flange components. Each connector has a piston that is disposed in the connector hole and can move therein when hydraulic pressure is applied through the port by a pump. A first stud connected to the piston extends beyond one open end of the hole for connection to a first nut, while a second stud connected to the piston extending beyond another open end of the to the second flange component for connection to a second nut. A retainer having seals threads in this other open end of the hole and seals between the hole and the second stud.

Hydraulic tensioning flange connector

Analogs of 17-hydroxywortmannin as PI3K inhibitors

Multicarrier underwater acoustic communication method

The invention provides a multicarrier underwater acoustic communication method. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly modulating a base band subcarrier by utilizing a scattering inverse fractional order Fourier transform at a receiving terminal, wherein the plus-minus frequency subcarriers occurring in pair named as inter-modulation, secondly performing quadrature modulation on a real part and a virtual part of a base band signal so as to modulate a base band compound signal to be high frequency transmission, performing quadrature demodulation, rebuilding the base band compoundsignal, balancing anti-multipath diversity reception in time domain by using a Rake receiver, and balancing the decision feedback of the received signal in a fractional order Fourier transform domain. The frequency band of the invention is doubled, the transmission efficiency is high and the multipath diversity reception is resisted.

The piston compression ring assemblies being self-lubricated and self-adjusted

Glycopeptide antibiotics

ANTIFUNGAL ANTIBIOTICS

Process for preparing rapamycin 42-esters and FK-506 32-esters with dicarboxylic acid, precursors for rapamycin conjugates and antibodies

Hydraulic tensioning flange connector

Hydraulic flange connectors connect two flange components together, and hydraulic pressure applied to ports in connector holes of one of the flanges tension the flange studs and crush the gasket between the flange components. Each connector has a piston that dispose in the connector hole and can move therein when hydraulic pressure is applied through the port by a pump. A first stud connected to the piston extends beyond one open end of the hole for connection to a first nut, while a second stud connected to the piston extending beyond another open end of the to the second flange component for connection to a second nut. A retainer having seals threads in this other open end of the hole and seals between the hole and the second stud. 60 '14 66 FIG. 3 84 FIG. 2 FIG. 4 ...

Chinese medicinal effective-part composition for treating coronary heart diseases

The invention discloses a Chinese medicinal composition for preventing or treating coronary heart diseases. The composition can safely and effectively prevent or treat coronary heart diseases. The composition comprises red sage roots extract taking total phenolic acid of red sage roots as effective parts, radix pseudo-ginseng extract taking total saponin of radix pseudo-ginseng as effective parts, long pepper extract taking total alkaloid of long pepper as effective parts, as well as succinum extract taking total diterpene of succinum as effective parts, and utilizes the therapeutical effect of the compatibility of the components on coronary heart diseases to give play to multi-link multi-channel multi-target effect of promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, activating collaterals and relieving pain. The composition can be medically acceptable solid oral preparations, such as tablets, capsules (soft capsules or hard capsules), granules and other types of preparations. The composition ...

Surface mother ship and underwater user two-way acoustic communication method

The invention provides a surface mother ship and underwater user two-way acoustic communication method. The surface mother ship is provided with a source-receive array communication system formed by transmitter/receiver hydrophones; the underwater user is provided with a point source formed by single array elements; a virtual time reversal mirror is adopted for uplink communication between the underwater user and the surface mother ship; a detection code comprises two LFM signals; at the receiving end of the surface mother ship, each array element first stores received detection codes respectively and completes channel estimation by carrying out copy-related processing on the detection codes; later on, convolution operation is carried out on time reversal of received information codes andthe channel estimation; in the uplink communication, each array element first undergoes channel estimation, is resynchronized after completing virtual time reversal mirror processing and then is output ...

Prodrug substituted benzoxazoles as estrogenic agents

Small quantity liquid type abrading machine for bearing steel balls

The invention relates to a bearing steel ball small liquid grinding equipment that comprises the grinding machine, big liquid case, small liquid case, circulating pump and transmission system, with the small liquid case connected to the space between the grinding liquid return outlet and the big liquid case, changeover valve between the small liquid case and the big liquid case for the implementation of small liquid circulating grinding method to produce high quality bearing steel ball with high quality.

IMPROVED PROCESS FOR GAS-PHASE POLYMERIZATION HAVING HIGH POLYMER BED BULK DENSITY

A piston assembly with self-adjusting and self-lubricating device

Detection of dynamic fluidized bed level in a fluidized bed polymerization reactor using ultrasonic waves or microwaves

Micro-grid multi-micro-source inverter loop current and voltage fluctuation master-slave control method

The invention discloses a micro-grid multi-micro-source inverter loop current and voltage fluctuation master-slave control method, which is implemented by a master controller and slave controllers. The master controller comprises a power ring, a voltage ring and a micro-grid current feedforward link. Each slave controller consists of a voltage outer ring and a current inner ring for double-ring control, and can quickly respond to voltage fluctuation caused by switching a distribution network and micro-sources near loads. When a micro-grid system is in a parallel operation mode, the master controller controls the energy output of the micro-sources of the micro-grid by setting rated active power and rated passive power of the micro-grid system, and simultaneously processes real-time voltage and real-time frequency of the distribution network to send control signals to each slave controller, so that inverters output active power and passive power required by the micro-grid system; and the ...

Low bed-level transition, start-up, and reactor residence time control using sound waves

CCI-779 derivatives and methods of making same

Indolylalkylamine metabolites as 5-hydroxytrytamine-6 ligands

Regiospecific synthesis of rapamycin 42-ester derivatives

Fermentation and purification of actinomadura chromoprotein and related species

Method for measuring femoral head-neck spatial angles

The invention relates to a measuring method for CT (Computed Tomography) scanning and postprocessing and aims to provide a three-dimensional method for measuring femoral head-neck spatial angles. The method comprises the following steps: enabling a measured person to lie on the back on an examination bed, and enabling the middle sagittal line of the human body to coincide with the middle line of the examination bed; carrying out continuous data acquisition on the human body by adopting multilayer spiral CT scanning to obtain a thin-layer sequence, wherein the scanning range is from the upper edge of acetabulum to the lesser trochanter of femur; reconstructing a hip joint three-dimensional image based on the thin-layer sequence by using a three-dimensional postprocessing program, and removing unrelated structures such as the acetabulum and the like to obtain a femur three-dimensional image; and measuring the femoral head-neck extraversion angle, postversion angle and subversion angle. The ...

Bidirectional spherical puncture positioner

The present invention discloses a bidirectional orbicular puncture localizer, comprising an orbicular matrix which is provided with a positioning hole or a slot which passes through a ball center. According to the characteristic that the orbicular matrix can be put or embedded inside the irregular position, the present invention can be used for positioning when the quite soft tissue and the irregular tissue are punctured. The orbicular matrix is provided with the positioning hole or slot, which is convenient for using. A needle penetrating hole or a slot can fix a puncture needle at the head, the feet and the left and right directions during the process of puncturing to avoid the directional deviation.

Bidirectional spherical puncture positioner

The present invention discloses a bidirectional orbicular puncture localizer, comprising an orbicular matrix which is provided with a positioning hole or a slot which passes through a ball center. According to the characteristic that the orbicular matrix can be put or embedded inside the irregular position, the present invention can be used for positioning when the quite soft tissue and the irregular tissue are punctured. The orbicular matrix is provided with the positioning hole or slot, which is convenient for using. A needle penetrating hole or a slot can fix a puncture needle at the head,the feet and the left and right directions during the process of puncturing to avoid the directional deviation.

Natural gas separation device

The invention discloses a natural gas separation device. The natural gas separation device comprises a vortex tube, a hot end pipe and a cold end pipe, wherein the gas inlet of the hot end pipe is communicated with the hot gas oulet of the vortex tube; and the natural gas separation device also comprises a Laval nozzle, and the both ends of the Laval nozzle are separately communicated with the cold gas oulet of the vortex tube and the gas inlet of the cold end pipe. When the air flow in the hot end pipe reaches the Laval nozzle, as the nozzle area is reduced, the pressure of the air flow is increased, the flow rate is increased and the air flow can be in a sonic state when reaching the nozzle throat; then with the increasement of the nozzle area, the pressure of the air flow is reduced and gas expands continuously to form sonic air flow, the temperature is reduced rapidly; duing the temperature reduction process of gas, the impurity components such as CO2 and sulfide in the gas are condensated ...

Chinese medicinal effective-part composition for treating coronary heart diseases

The invention discloses a Chinese medicinal composition for preventing or treating coronary heart diseases. The composition can safely and effectively prevent or treat coronary heart diseases. The composition comprises red sage roots extract taking total phenolic acid of red sage roots as effective parts, radix pseudo-ginseng extract taking total saponin of radix pseudo-ginseng as effective parts, long pepper extract taking total alkaloid of long pepper as effective parts, as well as succinum extract taking total diterpene of succinum as effective parts, and utilizes the therapeutical effect of the compatibility of the components on coronary heart diseases to give play to multi-link multi-channel multi-target effect of promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, activating collaterals and relieving pain. The composition can be medically acceptable solid oral preparations, such as tablets, capsules (soft capsules or hard capsules), granules and other types of preparations. The composition ...

Method for measuring content of superfine powder preparation in five retentions powder

The invention relates to a method for measuring the content of a superfine powder preparation in a Chinese patent medicament, which is characterized in that 11 content control indexes are selected, a high performance liquid chromatography is adopted and the same content measuring method is adopted to simultaneously measure the content of indexes of 11 chemical components in five retentions powder. The method comprises chromatographic conditions and system applicability tests, and limitation to preparation content of reference substance solution. The method has the advantages of relative simplicity, accuracy and high repeatability, and is suitable for comprehensively evaluating the quality of a five retentions powder compound preparation.

Closing type combined piston ring

The closed combined pressure ring is an improvement on the basis of Chinese patent No.9522416.X, and is formed from auxiliary ring and main ring, which are connected in the mode of tapered joint. Their joint position is equipped with an oil-storage groove. Said invention is characterized by that the opening of the auxiliary ring is straight opening, and the opening of the main ring is radial staged opening.

Method and system for multi-block laser screen velocity measurement of linear-motion object

The invention relates to a method and a system for multi-block laser screen velocity measurement of a linear-motion object, belonging to the technical field of measurement. Laser beams are emitted by a laser; a tooth-shaped strip perpendicular to the motion direction of the linear-motion object is mounted vertically on the linear-motion object and used for cutting the laser beams vertically; during the process of cutting the laser beams received by a photoelectric converter by the tooth-shaped strip, changes continuously take place in the luminous flux; the photoelectric converter generates electric pulse signals by the frequency of changes in the luminous flux, and feeds the electric pulse signals into an amplifying and filtering circuit for processing; then, a digital circuit times each pulse width and stores in the RAM (random-access memory) of the digital circuit on a real-time basis; and after the measurement, all the data stored in the RAM can be transmitted to a PC (personal computer ...

A method for multi-descriptive video code based on residual compensation

The invention provides a multi-description video coding method which is based on residual error compensation. During video coding, the residual errors of each frame are compensated to an original serial and then the compensated serial is normally coded; at a receiving terminal, if two circuits can both be correctly decoded, the two circuits are integrated and then averaged. The invention provides a multi-description video proposal which is based on the residual error compensation so as to improve the coding efficiency of the multi-description video coding. In the proposal, the residual errors of each frame are compensated to the original serial and then the compensated serial is normally coded; at the receiving terminal, if two circuits can both be correctly decoded, the two circuits can be integrated and then averaged, thereby better video quality is obtained.

RSV F PROTEIN MUTANTS

MRI locating measurement method for human body optic tract shape

The invention discloses an MRI locating measurement method for human body optic tract shape. A reconstruction technology of locating multi-layers on a cross section is adopted to obtain a clear optic tract image on the obtained MRI high resolution image data; the reconstructed layers are along the long axle directions of optic nerves and can be adjusted by small angles so as to obtain the sagittal oblique image after reconstruction and relevant morphological data parameters of the optic tract are measured according to the image. The method reduces the errors of the morphological data parameters caused by individual shape differences as well as different positions and angles, and displays the integral structure of the optic tract, thereby improving the accuracy, consistency and repetitiveness of the measurement result.

Level lining-up device of full-automatic aluminum sash riveter

The utility model discloses a level lining-up device of a full-automatic aluminum sash riveter, which comprises a worktable and a plurality of clamping mechanisms fixed on the worktable, wherein the clamping mechanisms are distributed around components to be lined up. The level lining-up device is simple in structure and can conveniently control the overflow quantity of glass glue, thereby reducing the glue pollution, the labor intensity and the glue waste, improving the product quality and improving the economic performance.

Processing technology for steel ball

The invention relates to the steel ball processing using after heat annealing in the temperature of 800+-20deg.C, with annealing medium being pure water, annealing pool temperature no less than 30deg.C, tempering temperature ranging 240-250deg.C for 6 hours, tempering medium being No. 50 -100 mechanical oil and air cooling for normal temperature. It is easy for control with steel ball surface hardness being 62HRC, central hardness being 56. 6 HRC, average volume hardness being 60HRC, impact tenacity being 13j/cm2, with low modification spending and significant economical gains.

Preparation method of traditional Chinese medicine ultrafine formula particles

The invention discloses a preparation method of traditional Chinese medicine ultrafine formula particles. The preparation method comprises the following steps that: single Chinese medicinal material or traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces are partially ultrafine-crushed into ultrafine powder, the other parts are coarse-crushed, extracted, concentrated, dried and crushed to obtain dry extract powder, the ultrafine powder and auxiliary materials are added to obtain mixture, and the obtained mixture is mixed uniformly, palletized, granulated and subpackaged. The traditional Chinese medicine ultrafine formula particles is characterized in that the characteristics of the traditional Chinese medicine ultrafine decoction pieces of saving medicine materials and being controllable in quality and convenient in administration. Compared with the traditional Chinese medicine formula particles, the preparation method better preserves the medicinal properties of the traditional Chinese medicines ...

Method for measuring content of superfine powder preparation in five retentions powder

The invention relates to a method for measuring the content of a superfine powder preparation in a Chinese patent medicament, which is characterized in that 11 content control indexes are selected, a high performance liquid chromatography is adopted and the same content measuring method is adopted to simultaneously measure the content of indexes of 11 chemical components in five retentions powder. The method comprises chromatographic conditions and system applicability tests, and limitation to preparation content of reference substance solution. The method has the advantages of relative simplicity, accuracy and high repeatability, and is suitable for comprehensively evaluating the quality of a five retentions powder compound preparation.

A telescopic video coding method for optimized transmission of interested area

The invention provides a scalable video coding method where a region of interest has transmission priority. In the method, the region of interest is treated with default setting or optionally chosen by a user at a receiving terminal during coding. The bit stream of an enhancement layer is treated in different manners according to the fact that whether an instruction is received from the region of interest (ROI) when the instruction is sent. If the instruction from the ROI is not received, the encoded bit stream is packed according to a preset order and an obtained channel bandwidth; if the instruction from the ROI is received, a coding and recoding module recodes after coding according to the position and the size of the region of interest and has the transmission priority so as to ensure that the region of interest of the user at the receiving terminal is more clear to improve the subjective quality of the video. When an encoded video streaming media is transmitted or a quasi-real-time ...

Method for measuring flow velocity of arterial blood

The invention discloses a method for measuring the flow velocity of arterial blood, which is based on a spiral CT imaging system. The method comprises the steps of: injecting a proper amount of contrast agent into a vein first (the contrast agent reaches an artery through blood circulation), selecting a section of target blood vessel, scanning and tracking the contrast agent at the starting point and the end point respectively to acquire an image in which the contrast agent appears first at the starting point and another image in which the contrast agent appears first at the end point, and calculating the difference of two times, namely the flowing time of blood in the section of blood vessel according to the automatically recorded scanning times on the images; and then performing vascular imaging on the target blood vessel section of the artery, straightening the target blood vessel section of the artery by using software carried by a CT machine, and measuring the actual length of the ...

Method for measuring bending degree of vertebra by CT scanning and 3D post-processing images

The invention relates to a method for measuring the bending degree of the vertebra by CT scanning and 3D post-processing images. In the method, CT scanning and 3D post-processing software carried by the CT are used for respectively measuring the included angle between a vertebral body and a parallel line of a standard vertical line on 3D images of the vertebra or on a sagittal plane, a coronal plane and a tangent cross section corresponding to the vertebra, thereby simply and accurately measuring and evaluating the bending degree of the vertebra. Compared with the traditional measuring method, the included angle between the measured vertebral body and the parallel line of the standard vertical line is directly measured on a side position image or the sagittal plane, a normal position image or the coronal plane and an axial position image or the tangent cross section, thus the method of the invention is more simple and accurate and is superior to the traditional measuring method.

Closed self-lubricating trapezoidal combined ring

The closed self-lubricating staged combined pressure ring plased in the piston ring groove is formed from upper ring and lower ring, and between them there is a rubbed surface fit. The cross-section of the upper ring is a trapezoid, and the cross-section of the lower ring is a rectangle with unfilled corner and unfilled block. The opening of the upper ring is straight opening, and the opening of the lower ring is radial staged opening. Said invented pressure ring possesses the forward torsional property and self-lubricating property so as to greatly raise the air-tight property and service life of the piston ring.

Electric interface device for lifter testing system

The invention relates to an electric interface device for a lifter testing system, which belongs to the technical field of automatic control. The device comprises a wireless transmitting unit, a level switch module, a central control unit, a communication module, a machine body signal collecting unit, a control command executing unit and a dynamic calculating module. The device is characterized in that the machine body signal collecting unit is respectively connected with the level switch module and the central control unit to output data signals; the communication module is respectively connected with the level switch module and the central control unit to receive the data to be transmitted; the level switch module and the control command executing unit are respectively connected with the central control unit to transmit the data signal and the control signal; the dynamic calculating module and the communication module are respectively connected with the wireless transmitting unit to transmit ...

Photovoltaic micro power source control system for micro grid

The invention discloses a photovoltaic micro power source control system for a micro grid, which comprises a photovoltaic micro power source main circuit which respectively accesses the micro grid and a load through a solid-state switch STS, and a photovoltaic micro power source controller which is connected with the photovoltaic micro power source main circuit through a drive board, wherein the photovoltaic micro power source controller comprises a highest power spot tracking control module, an active and passive power computation module, a storage battery charging and discharging control module, a power angle control module, a passive power-voltage control module and a PWM generator. The photovoltaic micro power source control system for the micro grid specially controls a photovoltaic micro power source to connect into the micro grid, and ensures the stability so as to effectively realize the high-efficient, environment-friendly and high-quality power supplying micro grid and beneficially ...

METHOD FOR POLYMERIZING POLYPROPYLENE

resumo “método para polimerização de polipropileno” a presente revelação se refere a um método para a polimerização de polipropileno, opcionalmente com um ou mais co-monômeros adicionais, em um reator de fase gasosa na presença de um sistema doador de elétrons misto compreendendo pelo menos um agente de controle da seletividade e pelo menos um agente de limitação de atividade. o processo envolve o controle do processo de polimerização para assegurar que a diferença entre a temperatura do reator e a temperatura do ponto de orvalho do fluxo de monômero de entrada seja de 12 °c ou superior. abstract method for polymerizing polypropylene the present disclosure relates to a method for polymerizing polypropylene, optionally with one or more additional co-monomers, in a gas-phase reactor in the presence of a mixed electron donor system comprising at least a selectivity control agent and at least one activity limiting agent. the process involves controlling the polymerization process to ensure that the difference between the reactor temperature and the dew point temperature of the incoming monomer stream is 12°C or greater.

Rare-earth-containing titanium alloy

The invention discloses a rare-earth-containing titanium alloy, which comprises the following components by weight percent: 1-8% of aluminum, 0.1-3% of chromium, 0.1-2% of iron, 0. 0.05-0.15% of erbium or 0.05- 0.15% of gadolinium, 0-2% of Sn which can also be added, the balance of titanium and unavoidable impurities. By adding rare earth elements, the titanium alloy can obviously increase the cold rolled deformation of plates during cold rolling, thereby reducing the time of cold rolling and improving productivity. The room temperature tensile strength of the titanium alloy of the invention can be adjusted within 550-1100MPa, and the room temperature tensile ductility can be adjusted within 16-40% so as to meet the different requirements of different industries for the titanium alloy.

Multi-policy commercial product recommending system based on context information

The invention discloses a multi-strategy commodity recommendation system basing on context information. The recommendation system acquires the operation information of a user through an information acquisition part which is operated by the user, analyzes the operation action of the user and establishes the interest description model of the user. During the interaction process between the user and an electronic commerce website, a recommendation strategy fitting the present user and the context information of the system is dynamically selected according to a strategy selection rule. The recommendation strategy describes and generates a personalized commodity recommendation list according with the interest and the requirement of the user according to the interest of the user. Through the selection of the recommendation strategy, the multi-strategy commodity recommendation system basing on context information improves the adaptability of the system to various applications and system dynamic ...

Method for producing organic acid by fermenting abandoned thallus with monosodium glutamate

The invention discloses a method for producing organic acid by fermenting abandoned thallus with monosodium glutamate. During monosodium glutamate production, corynebacterium glutamicum is fermented under the aerobic condition to produce L-glutamic acid; the abandoned thallus after the aerobic process ends can be recovered to be converted into the anaerobic condition to produce organic acid. Bacterium mud is suspended by an anaerobic medium; after being inoculated, CO2 gas is fed to the fermentation medium in a fermentation tank; at the temperature of 30 DEG C, stirring and cultivating for 24-48 hours; and maintaining the pH value of the fermentation liquid to 5.5-7.0. The result of the prepared product is analyzed, and corynebacterium glutamicum can obviously accumulate succinic acid, lactic acid and acetic acid under the anaerobic condition.

Preparation method of traditional Chinese medicine ultrafine formula particles

The invention discloses a preparation method of traditional Chinese medicine ultrafine formula particles. The preparation method comprises the following steps that: single Chinese medicinal material or traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces are partially ultrafine-crushed into ultrafine powder, the other parts are coarse-crushed, extracted, concentrated, dried and crushed to obtain dry extract powder, the ultrafine powder and auxiliary materials are added to obtain mixture, and the obtained mixture is mixed uniformly, palletized, granulated and subpackaged. The traditional Chinese medicine ultrafine formula particles is characterized in that the characteristics of the traditional Chinese medicine ultrafine decoction pieces of saving medicine materials and being controllable in quality and convenient in administration. Compared with the traditional Chinese medicine formula particles, the preparation method better preserves the medicinal properties of the traditional Chinese medicines ...

Photovoltaic inversion grid-connection and harmonic suppression hybrid system for micro grid and composite control method thereof

The invention discloses a photovoltaic inversion grid-connection and harmonic suppression hybrid system for a micro grid and a composite control method thereof. The photovoltaic inversion grid-connection and harmonic suppression hybrid system for the micro grid comprises photovoltaic array cells, a photovoltaic output filter, a three-phase voltage inverter, an output filter and a passive filter bank. The photovoltaic inversion grid-connection and harmonic suppression hybrid system for the micro grid and the composite control method thereof realize dynamic active and passive power compensation of the micro-grid, stable system voltage, and real-time and dynamic management on harmonic waves.

Gas-phase polymerization process to achieve a high particle density

A process for increasing a granular particle density of a polymeric product using at least one particle density promoting agent is described. The process includes passing a gaseous stream comprising at least one monomer through a fluidized bed reactor in the presence of a catalyst to form a polymeric product having a first granular particle density of less than or equal to about 850 kg/m<3>, contacting the polymeric product with at least one particle density promoting agent to increase the granular particle density of the polymeric product by at least 2%, withdrawing the polymeric product having an increased granular particle density and a recycle stream comprised of unreacted monomers, and cooling and reintroducing the recycle stream into the fluidized bed reactor with sufficient additional monomer to replace the monomer polymerized and withdrawn as the polymeric product.

Low cost alpha and beta type titan alloy

The invention discloses a low-cost alpha plus beta type titanium alloy, which consists of 4.5-8 percent of aluminum, 0.3-3 percent of chromium, 0.3-2 percent of iron, and the rest of titanium and inevitable impurities by weight percent, wherein 0-3 percent of molybdenum, 0-3 percent of tin or 0-3 percent of zirconium can also be included. The alpha plus beta type titanium alloy of the invention has low cost of constituent elements and high comprehensive mechanical performance equivalent to Ti-6Al-4V, thus not only reducing the production cost of the titanium alloy, but also improving the cost performance. Therefore, the low-cost alpha plus beta type titanium alloy has wide market prospect.

Low cost alpha and beta type titan alloy

The invention discloses a low-cost Alpha+Beta type titanium alloy, the titanium alloy contains, in weight percent: aluminum 4.5 to 8 percent, chromium 0.3 to 2 percent, iron 0.3 to 2 percent, molybdenum 0 to 1 percent, balance titanium and unavoidable impurities. The Alpha+Beta type titanium alloy of the invention contains no noble metal of vanadium, and has equivalent comprehensive mechanical properties compared with Ti-6Al-4V, thereby increasing the price performance ratio while reducing the titanium alloy manufacturing cost, and having the broad market prospect.

Multicarrier underwater acoustic communication method

The invention provides a multicarrier underwater acoustic communication method. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly modulating a base band subcarrier by utilizing a scattering inverse fractional order Fourier transform at a receiving terminal, wherein the plus-minus frequency subcarriers occurring in pair named as inter-modulation, secondly performing quadrature modulation on a real part and a virtual part of a base band signal so as to modulate a base band compound signal to be high frequency transmission, performing quadrature demodulation, rebuilding the base band compound signal, balancing anti-multipath diversity reception in time domain by using a Rake receiver, and balancing the decision feedback of the received signal in a fractional order Fourier transform domain. The frequency band of the invention is doubled, the transmission efficiency is high and the multipath diversity reception is resisted.

Harvester single-blade type cutting knife

The invention relates to a harvester single-blade type cutting knife which comprises a cutting knife bracket, a moving knife, a cutting knife driving fork arm and a plurality of blade press devices, wherein the cutting knife bracket is connected with a body of a harvester; the moving knife is installed on the cutting knife bracket in a slide way, and the cutting knife has no general fixed knife; the cutting knife driving fork arm drives the moving knife to horizontally slide on the cutting knife bracket and receives power from the harvester; and the blade press devices are arranged on the cutting knife bracket and press a blade of the moving knife from both sides of the blade of the moving knife. The single-blade type cutting knife is suitable for the harvesters of a Kubota series, a Fengling series, an AG600-Toyo series, and the like, and the harvesting effect, the use cost and the service life of the single-blade type cutting knife are greatly better than those of the prior double-blade ...

MRI positioning measurement method of anteroposterior diameter and left-right diameter of ventriculus quartus cerebri of human bodies

The invention discloses an MRI positioning measurement method of anteroposterior diameter and left-right diameter of ventriculus quartus cerebri of human bodies. On an MRI high-resolution image, a line parallel to the connecting line between the cross front edge and the rear linkage is drawn through the top of the ventriculus quartus cerebri and is used as a positioning line for reconstructing the cross section; a cross-section image is reconstructed on the positioning line; and the anteroposterior diameter and the left-right diameter of the ventriculus quartus cerebri are measured according to the cross-section image. The invention eliminates errors caused by inclination of heads of people to be measured, reduces the effect factors on the measuring result by measurement scanning personnel and improves the accuracy and the repeatability of the measuring result.

Novel bone puncture needle

The invention discloses a new-typed osteostixis needle, which comprises the following parts: slider, needle jacket and handle, wherein the handle is set on the slider; the working channel is established when the handle slider is drawn, which doesn't occupy the finite space to save space to the most limit when needing multiple piercing needles in the finite space simultaneously during disease treating period, in order to improve the success rate and work efficiency of piercing treatment; the radial projection on the slider mates the radial flute at pin jacket top end surface to be free upwards, which is fixed downwards and along circumferential direction; the projection is easy to draw with simple operation.

Permanent calibration method in soft bearing dynamic unbalance test of rigid rotor

The invention discloses a permanent calibration method in soft bearing dynamic unbalance test of a rigid rotor, belonging to the technical field of mechanical measurement. The method can realize permanent system calibration on a soft bearing dynamic unbalance machine and is characterized in that inherent frequency of a vibrating system consisting of a support system and a detected rotor is calculated by acquiring rotary frequencies and amplitudes of the support system at the corresponding moments in the process of rotor acceleration, thereby characterizing the influence of the quality of the rotor on the vibrating amplitude of the rotor by mapping. The influence of the quality and the rotating speed (inertia force of the rotor) of the rotor on calibration is eliminated. The permanent system calibration on the soft bearing dynamic balance machine is realized.

POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLES USEFUL IN THERANOSTICS

Synthesis and characterization of starch based pH-responsive nanoparticles for controlled drug delivery are described. Polymethacrylic acid grafted starch (PMAA-g-St) nanoparticles with various molar ratio of starch to MAA were synthesized by a new one-pot method that enabled simultaneous grafting of PMAA and nanoparticle formation in an aqueous medium. NMR data showed that polysorbate 80 was polymerized into the graft polymer. Nanoparticles were relatively spherical with narrow size distribution and porous surface morphology and exhibited pH-dependent swelling in physiological pH range. The particle size and magnitude of volume phase transition were dependent on PMAA content and formulation parameters such as surfactant levels, cross-linker amount, and total monomer concentration. The results showed that the new pH-responsive nanoparticles possessed useful properties for controlled drug delivery. 1110-. (canceled)111. A method of producing a nanoparticle , the method comprising the steps of:(a) solubilising a polymer in a liquid solution;(b) providing a polymerizable monomer comprising an alkylaminoalkyl ester side group; and(c) graft polymerizing the monomer to form polymeric chains on the solubilised polymer to form the nanoparticle.112. The method of claim 111 , wherein the polymer is a polyhydroxyl polymer having a degree of substitution between 0.05 and 3 per unit of the polymer claim 111 , the monomer includes an alkenyl group claim 111 , and the graft polymerizing step is conducted in the presence of a cross-linking agent.113. The method of claim 111 , wherein the polymerizable monomer is an alkylaminoalkyl ester of methacrylic acid.114. The method of claim 111 , wherein the step of polymerizing is a free radical graft polymerizing conducted in the presence of a free radical initiator.115. The method of claim 111 , wherein the crosslinker is ethylene glycol dimethacrylate.116. The method of claim 111 , wherein the monomer of step (d) is present in an amount ...

Pharmaceutical dosage forms and compositions comprising lecozotan

The invention relates to, for example, novel formulations and methods for the delivery of 4-cyano-N-{(2R)-2-[4-(2,3-dihydro-benzo[l ,4]dioxin-5-yl)-piperazin-l -yl]-propyl}-N- pyridin-2-yl-benzamide, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, structurally related compounds and/or metabolites; as well as to use of these formulations and methods for treating disease.

Harvester threshing structure containing threshing heightened tooth

The invention discloses a harvester threshing structure containing a threshing heightened tooth. The rice spike outlet position between a threshing roller and a concave plate screen of the prior harvester is provided with a threshing heightened tooth, and the lower part of the threshing heightened tooth is provided with a grass arrangement chain. The root part of a rice spike delivered from the lower part of the threshing roller directly enters the grass arrangement chain; the spike end ceaselessly jumps on the threshing heightened tooth in the transport process of the grass arrangement chain so as to strip a residual rice spike which is not stripped from a straw, and the residual rice spike falls on the screen, thereby leading rice particles to be wasted to be capable of being recovered and achieving the effect of the invention. The threshing heightened tooth also solves the problem of straw clamping in the transport process of the prior harvester.

Method for measuring blood circulation time of kidney by CT (computerized tomography) tracking and scanning

The invention relates to a method for measuring blood circulation time of kidney by CT tracking and scanning. The time when the blood containing contrast agent appears in renal artery is observed and recorded on a CT tracking and scanning cross section image, and the time when the blood containing the contrast agent first appears in renal artery is recorded. The difference between the former time and the latter is blood circulation time of kidney. The method for measuring blood circulation time of kidney by CT tracking and scanning is noninvasive, including the steps of initially determining the positions of renal artery and renal vein on the cross section; injecting the contrast agent through the vein to display the blood flowing kidney in the image; and observing the image and respectively recording the time when the contrast agent appears in the renal artery on the cross section and the time when the contrast agent appears in the renal vein, wherein the time between the former time and ...

Double rood beam high-sensitivity six-dimensional moment sensor

The invention discloses a double rood beam high-sensitivity six-dimensional moment sensor in the technical field of robots. The double rood beam high-sensitivity six-dimensional moment sensor comprises two rood beams, two dead rings, one outer ring, and a plurality of resistance strain gages; a first rood beam and a second rood beam are arranged outside the outer ring respectively and are used as elastic bodies of the sensor for sensing stress; two dead rings are arranged outside the first rood beam and the second rood beam respectively; the resistance strain gages are adhered to the rood beams; each of the rood beams consists of four identical double-hole parallel sub beams; each double-hole parallel sub beam is provided with an I-shaped through hole; and a center hole is formed in the geometric center of each rood beam. In the double rood beam high-sensitivity six-dimensional moment sensor, floating beams used by the conventional six-dimensional moment sensor and crosstalk caused by the ...

GLYCOPEPTIDE ANTIBIOTICS

Laser acoustic device applies to underwater target detection and detecting method

The invention provides a laser acoustic device and a detection method thereof applied to underwater target detection, being composed of a receiving array, a receiver and a PC machine, wherein, the receiver consists of a 10-channel analog receiving board, an electric power controlling board and a collection controlling board; the receiving array consists of a ten sensor; the array receives the sound wave excited by that the laser strong pulse emitted by the laser device impacts water; the PC machine is interconnected with the receiver through a PCI interface board and an optical fiber. The laser acoustic device has the advantages of good performance, steady and reliable working state, and can detect the back wave of an underwater target and succeed in detecting the underwater target.

Fermentation and purification of actinomadura chromoprotein and related species

The present invention provides methods for production and purification of active chromoproteins produced by Actinomadura sp. 21G792. The chromoproteins are useful for developing pharmaceutical compositions and treating diseases such as cancer or bacterial infections.

Rare-earth-containing titanium alloy

The invention discloses a rare-earth-containing titanium alloy, which comprises the following components by weight percent: 1-8% of aluminum, 0.1-3% of chromium, 0.1-2% of iron, 0. 0.05-0.15% of erbium or 0.05- 0.15% of gadolinium, 0-2% of Sn which can also be added, the balance of titanium and unavoidable impurities. By adding rare earth elements, the titanium alloy can obviously increase the cold rolled deformation of plates during cold rolling, thereby reducing the time of cold rolling and improving productivity. The room temperature tensile strength of the titanium alloy of the invention can be adjusted within 550-1100MPa, and the room temperature tensile ductility can be adjusted within 16-40% so as to meet the different requirements of different industries for the titanium alloy.

MRI positioning measurement method of anteroposterior diameter and left-right diameter of ventriculus quartus cerebri of human bodies

The invention discloses an MRI positioning measurement method of anteroposterior diameter and left-right diameter of ventriculus quartus cerebri of human bodies. On an MRI high-resolution image, a line parallel to the connecting line between the cross front edge and the rear linkage is drawn through the top of the ventriculus quartus cerebri and is used as a positioning line for reconstructing thecross section; a cross-section image is reconstructed on the positioning line; and the anteroposterior diameter and the left-right diameter of the ventriculus quartus cerebri are measured according to the cross-section image. The invention eliminates errors caused by inclination of heads of people to be measured, reduces the effect factors on the measuring result by measurement scanning personneland improves the accuracy and the repeatability of the measuring result.

IMPROVED PROCESS FOR GAS-PHASE POLYMERIZATION HAVING HIGH POLYMER BED BULK DENSITY

MRI locating measurement method for human body optic tract shape

The invention discloses an MRI locating measurement method for human body optic tract shape. A reconstruction technology of locating multi-layers on a cross section is adopted to obtain a clear optic tract image on the obtained MRI high resolution image data; the reconstructed layers are along the long axle directions of optic nerves and can be adjusted by small angles so as to obtain the sagittal oblique image after reconstruction and relevant morphological data parameters of the optic tract are measured according to the image. The method reduces the errors of the morphological data parameters caused by individual shape differences as well as different positions and angles, and displays the integral structure of the optic tract, thereby improving the accuracy, consistency and repetitiveness of the measurement result.

Fluidized bed sparger

This invention relates to a sparger for injecting a gas-containing feed into a fluidized-bed, wherein the diffuser pipe is angled at least about 12.5 DEG from vertical for gas velocities exiting thediffusers pipe at v less than 45.7 m/sec, and at least about 12.5 DEG exp [0.00131 v] from vertical for gas velocities exiting the diffuser pipe at v equal to or greater than 45.7 m/sec.

Distribution type locking-able valve

The utility model discloses a locking valve in a Distribution type used for the pipelines in series connection, which comprises a valve body and a valve core. The utility model is characterized in that the valve body is provided with an inlet and two or three outlets arranged on the same vertical plane of a valve axle. The inner part of the valve body corresponding to the outlets is provided with the valve core of a rotor in a cup shape. The opening direction of the valve core of a rotor in the cup shape is opposite with the inlet of the valve. The cup wall of the valve core is provided with a through hole opposite with the outlets of the valve. The bottom part of the valve core is provided with an opening-closing bayonet. The valve body on a bayonet end is also provided with a locking device. The structure can independently control each user cascaded on a common pipeline. The utility model also has the characteristics of simple structure, safe and convenient use, long service life, wide ...

Low cost alpha and beta type titan alloy

The invention discloses a low-cost alpha plus beta type titanium alloy, which consists of 4.5-8 percent of aluminum, 0.3-3 percent of chromium, 0.3-2 percent of iron, and the rest of titanium and inevitable impurities by weight percent, wherein 0-3 percent of molybdenum, 0-3 percent of tin or 0-3 percent of zirconium can also be included. The alpha plus beta type titanium alloy of the invention has low cost of constituent elements and high comprehensive mechanical performance equivalent to Ti-6Al-4V, thus not only reducing the production cost of the titanium alloy, but also improving the costperformance. Therefore, the low-cost alpha plus beta type titanium alloy has wide market prospect.

Micro-grid inverter system and electric energy quality control method applicable to same

The invention discloses a micro-grid inverter system, which comprises a distributed power supply, an electric generator, an inductor-capacitor filter and an isolation transformer connected to a common connection point of a distribution network. The invention also discloses an electric energy quality control method which is applicable to the micro-grid inverter system, which comprises three links of a current inner loop, a power outer loop and a phase-locked loop, wherein an inverter outputs a current iLabc as a feedback quantity input of the current inner loop; the common connection point current iOabc and the common connection point voltage vOabc are used as feedback quantity inputs of the power outer loop; a power controller provides the component iLDQ* of a d axis and a q axis of a reference current value through matrix operations according to a set active power and a set reactive power and uses the component as an input of a current controller; and the current controller compares the ...

Dynamic balance instrumentation system and method based on all-flexible vibration system

A dynamic balance measurement system base on full-compliant vibration system and a measuring method thereof are provide, which belongs to the field of dynamic balance measurement technique. In the system, two non-parallel quadrangular mechanisms, a main shaft, a main shaft sleeve, a bearing, and two piezoelectric force transducers are arranged in parallel on a frame holder. The collar beams of the two non-parallel quadrangular mechanisms are connected by a flexible hinge. The two piezoelectric force transducers are arranged on the same plane below a cross bean. The measurement method comprises establishing two degree-of-freedom kinesics models of the full-compliant vibration system, analyzing the differential equation of the models to obtain a plane separation equation for obtaining the corrected quality, acquiring the transducer output signal amplification factor of the measurement system and position parameters of the two transient movement centers, measuring, in combination with the ...

A method for multi-descriptive video code based on residual compensation

The invention provides a multi-description video coding method which is based on residual error compensation. During video coding, the residual errors of each frame are compensated to an original serial and then the compensated serial is normally coded; at a receiving terminal, if two circuits can both be correctly decoded, the two circuits are integrated and then averaged. The invention providesa multi-description video proposal which is based on the residual error compensation so as to improve the coding efficiency of the multi-description video coding. In the proposal, the residual errorsof each frame are compensated to the original serial and then the compensated serial is normally coded; at the receiving terminal, if two circuits can both be correctly decoded, the two circuits can be integrated and then averaged, thereby better video quality is obtained.

Steel ball quenching machine

The invention discloses a steel ball hardening machine of continuous heat hardening dealing steel ball, which avoids the present technique problem of heterogeneous cooling, heterogeneous speed and a big superficial hardness difference. The structure of the invention is: fire device comprises of barrel with internal and external layers; the external barrel is provided with the admitting pipe; the internal barrel is provided with injection little hole; big angular wheel anchor pallet in the lower of hardening machine; every direction of steel ball surface cools heterogeneously and uniformly and stabilizes hardness at HRC63-65 owing to forced cooling of pressure water injection and steel ball rolling quenching. The invention controls the heat hardening time of steel ball by adjusting motor or continuous speed regulation device, which can use the irregular size heat hardening machine according to the size and material quality of steel ball.

Micro-grid multi-micro-source inverter loop current and voltage fluctuation master-slave control method

The invention discloses a micro-grid multi-micro-source inverter loop current and voltage fluctuation master-slave control method, which is implemented by a master controller and slave controllers. The master controller comprises a power ring, a voltage ring and a micro-grid current feedforward link. Each slave controller consists of a voltage outer ring and a current inner ring for double-ring control, and can quickly respond to voltage fluctuation caused by switching a distribution network and micro-sources near loads. When a micro-grid system is in a parallel operation mode, the master controller controls the energy output of the micro-sources of the micro-grid by setting rated active power and rated passive power of the micro-grid system, and simultaneously processes real-time voltageand real-time frequency of the distribution network to send control signals to each slave controller, so that inverters output active power and passive power required by the micro-grid system; and the inverters ...

High-pressure syringe connection tube

The invention belongs to a metical apparatus, particularly relates to a high-pressure syringe connection tube used during the high-pressure injection process, which comprises two input ends and one output end, wherein at least one input end is provided with an anti-backflow valve device, the anti-backflow valve device comprises an inlet tube, an intermediate body and an outlet tube, which are sequentially connected with each other from top to bottom, a ball floater with the floating force in the liquid greater than the gravity force of the floater is arranged inside the intermediate body, andwhen the ball floater is under the floating force effect of the liquid, the ball floater floats upwards to seal the inlet tube; and when the anti-backflow valve device is under the injection state, liquid can flows from the inlet tube to the outlet tube through the intermediate body. By adopting the above technical scheme, when suffering the floating force effect of the liquid, the normal application ...

Reducer and process for reducing copper oxide in reduction phase of furnace using copper as anode

A reductant and reduction process for recucing copper oxide in copper anode furnace feature that the said reductant contains refined anthracite and small quantity of sodium carbonate for eliminating black smoke and desulfurizing, the said reductant is sprayed into the furnace by compressed air, and the CD generated in reaction is used to stir the molten copper for high reduction speed.

Circulating fluidized bed reactor

A continuous gas phase circulating bed reactor, including: a riser for contacting a catalyst and a first gas composition comprising an olefin to form a polyolefin under fast-fluidization regime or a dilute-phase pneumatic conveying regime conditions; a downer for contacting the catalyst and a second gas composition comprising an olefin to form additional polyolefin under fast fluidization regime or a dilute-phase pneumatic conveying regime conditions; and a transport section for conveying at least a portion of the catalyst, polyolefin, and additional polyolefin from the downer to the riser. Also disclosed is a polymerization process using such a circulating bed reactor.

Method for measuring diameters of tangent plane of aortic arch by utilizing CT (computed tomography) scanning and 3D post-processing image software

The invention provides a method for measuring diameters of a tangent plane of an aortic arch by utilizing CT (computed tomography) scanning and 3D post-processing image software. By the method, the diameters of the tangent plane of the aortic arch can be accurately measured on the image by utilizing CT scanning and 3D post-processing software. The method has the following technical effects: the diameters of the tangent plane of the aortic arch can be simply and accurately measured by carrying out overall adjustment on the cross section, the coronal plane and the sagittal plane of the aortic arch by utilizing CT scanning and the CT post-processing 3D procedure; and compared with the traditional measurement methods depending on personal experiences, the method provided by the invention is more accurate.

Fermentation production process of succinic acid

The invention discloses a fermentation production process of succinic acid, comprising the following steps of: taking Corynebacterium glutamicum as a strain for production, firstly performing aerobic enrichment, and then performing anaerobic fermentation to produce succinic acid, wherein in the anaerobic fermentation process, CO2 is provided in forms of adding NH4HCO3, adding (NH4)2CO3 and addingNH4OH and CO2, or adding the combination of any two or three of the three forms. By the method disclosed by the invention, when the organic acid is recovered finally, the pollution treatment problem of a large amount of metallic ions can be avoided, and simultaneously, NH4Cl can be recycled, or the waste liquid can be prepared into nitrogenous fertilizer for agricultural production because the components of the waste liquid are simple, thereby saving the cost in treatment of the product and simultaneously reducing the environmental pollution.

AMORPHOUS CARBON DEPOSITION METHOD FOR IMPROVED STACK DEFECTIVITY

Embodiments described herein relate to materials and processes for patterning and etching features in a semiconductor substrate. In one embodiment, a method of forming a composite amorphous carbon layer for improved stack defectivity on a substrate is provided. The method comprises positioning a substrate in a process chamber, introducing a hydrocarbon source gas into the process chamber, introducing a diluent source gas into the process chamber, introducing a plasma-initiating gas into the process chamber, generating a plasma in the process chamber, forming an amorphous carbon initiation layer on the substrate, wherein the hydrocarbon source gas has a volumetric flow rate to diluent source gas flow rate ratio of 1:12 or less; and forming a bulk amorphous carbon layer on the amorphous carbon initiation layer, wherein a hydrocarbon source gas used to form the bulk amorphous carbon layer has a volumetric flow rate to a diluent source gas flow rate of 1:6 or greater to form the composite amorphous carbon layer. 1. A method of forming a composite amorphous carbon layer for improved stack defectivity on a substrate , comprising:introducing a hydrocarbon source gas into a process chamber containing a substrate;introducing a diluent source gas into the process chamber;introducing a plasma-initiating gas into the process chamber;generating a plasma in the process chamber;forming an amorphous carbon initiation layer on the substrate, wherein a ratio of a volumetric flow rate of the hydrocarbon source gas to a volumetric flow rate of the diluent source gas is 1:12 or less; andforming a bulk amorphous carbon layer on the amorphous carbon initiation layer, wherein a hydrocarbon source gas used to form the bulk amorphous carbon layer to a volumetric flow rate of a diluent source gas is 1:6 or greater to form the composite amorphous carbon layer.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the volumetric flow rate of the hydrocarbon source gas and the volumetric flow rate of ...

Wellhead Rotating Breech Lock

A rotating breech lock rotates tubing to distribute wear caused by a rotating or reciprocating rod of an artificial lift system. The rotating breech lock has a spool that disposes on a wellhead. A bowl element disposes in the spool's bore, and a hanger fits into the spool and lands on the bowl element with a thrust bearing. Above the hanger, a load ring fits against the hanger with a bearing, and a hold-down sleeve and locking pins hold the load ring against the hanger. The spool has a worm that mates with a wheel defined about the hanger so turning the worm by a ratchet or other mechanism rotates the hanger. Internally, the hanger has a bore with opposing shoulders separated by gaps. A mandrel couples to the tubing and disposes up into the hanger. Protrusions or keys on the hanger can selectively align with the gaps and the shoulders depending on how the mandrel is rotated in the hanger bore. 1. A wellhead rotating breech lock , comprising:a spool disposing on a wellhead and defining a spool bore with a drive exposed therein;a hanger landing in the spool bore and defining a hanger bore with a first selective landing, the hanger rotating in the spool bore with activation of the drive; anda mandrel coupling to tubing and disposing at least partially in the hanger bore, the mandrel having a second selective landing, the second selective landing engaging with the first selective landing when the mandrel disposes in a first orientation in the hanger bore and disengaging from the first selective landing when the mandrel disposes in a second orientation in the hanger bore.2. The breech lock of claim 1 , wherein the hanger comprises a bowl element disposing in the spool bore claim 1 , the bowl element landing on a spool landing in the spool bore and supporting the hanger thereon.3. The breech lock of claim 2 , wherein the hanger comprises a first bearing shoulder claim 2 , and wherein the bowl element comprises a second bearing shoulder supporting the first bearing ...

METHOD FOR POLYMERIZING POLYPROPYLENE

The present disclosure relates to a method for polymerizing polypropylene, optionally with one or more additional comonomers in a gas phase reactor in the presence of a mixed electron donor system comprising at least one selectivity control agent and at least one activity limiting agent. The process involves controlling the polymerization process to ensure that the difference between the reactor temperature and the dew point temperature of the incoming monomer stream is 12° C. or greater. 2. The method of wherein the reactor has a total pressure less than 375 psi.3. The method of wherein the reactor has a reactor temperature higher than 72° C.4. The method of wherein the recycle fluid comprises fresh and recycled propylene.5. The method of wherein the recycle fluid inlet temperature is lower than the dew point.6. The method of wherein cocatalyst is introduced together with the catalyst.7. The method of wherein the catalyst comprises one or more Ziegler-Natta procatalyst compositions comprising one or more transition metal compounds and one or more esters of aromatic dicarboxylic acid internal electron donors; andone or more aluminum containing cocatalysts.8. The process of wherein the activity limiting agent is a carboxylic acid ester claim 1 , a diether claim 1 , a poly(alkene glycol) claim 1 , a diol ester claim 1 , or a combination thereof.9. The process of wherein the activity limiting agent is selected from a benzoate claim 1 , a C-Caliphatic acid ester and combinations thereof.10. The process of wherein the activity limiting agent is selected from a laurate claim 1 , a myristate claim 1 , a palmitate claim 1 , a stearate claim 1 , an oleate or combinations thereof.11. The process of wherein the selectivity control agent is selected from the group consisting of an alkoxysilane claim 1 , an amine claim 1 , an ether claim 1 , a carboxylate claim 1 , a ketone claim 1 , an amide claim 1 , a carbamate claim 1 , a phosphine claim 1 , a phosphate claim 1 , a phosphite ...

Polymerization Reaction System

A process for the polymerization of olefins is disclosed. The process may include: feeding a catalyst, a liquid diluent, and an olefin to a polymerization vessel having, from a polymerization vessel bottom to a polymerization vessel top, a vapor introduction zone, a three-phase reaction zone and a vapor disengagement zone; contacting the catalyst and olefin under conditions of temperature and pressure in the presence of the liquid diluent as a continuous phase in the three-phase reaction zone to form a solid phase polyolefin; withdrawing a gas phase composition from an outlet in fluid communication with the vapor disengagement zone; circulating the gas phase composition through a gas circulation loop to an inlet in fluid communication with the vapor distribution zone at a rate sufficient to agitate the solid and liquid phases within the three-phase reaction zone; and withdrawing a reaction mixture comprising polyolefin and diluents from the three-phase reaction zone. 1. A process for the polymerization of olefins , comprising:feeding a catalyst, a liquid diluent, and an olefin to a polymerization vessel having, from a polymerization vessel bottom to a polymerization vessel top, a vapor introduction zone, a three-phase reaction zone and a vapor disengagement zone;contacting the catalyst and olefin under conditions of temperature and pressure in the presence of the liquid diluent as a continuous phase in the three-phase reaction zone to form a solid phase polyolefin;withdrawing a gas phase composition from an outlet in fluid communication with the vapor disengagement zone;circulating the gas phase composition through a gas circulation loop to an inlet in fluid communication with the vapor distribution zone at a rate sufficient to agitate the solid and liquid phases within the three-phase reaction zone;withdrawing a reaction mixture comprising polyolefin and diluents from the three-phase reaction zone.2. The process of claim 1 , further comprising separating the ...

AMORPHOUS CARBON DEPOSITION METHOD FOR IMPROVED STACK DEFECTIVITY

Embodiments described herein relate to materials and processes for patterning and etching features in a semiconductor substrate. In one embodiment, a method of forming a composite amorphous carbon layer is provided. The method comprises positioning a substrate in a process chamber, introducing a hydrocarbon source gas into the process chamber, introducing a diluent source gas into the process chamber, introducing a plasma-initiating gas into the process chamber, generating a plasma in the process chamber, forming an amorphous carbon initiation layer on the substrate, wherein the hydrocarbon source gas has a volumetric flow rate to diluent source gas flow rate ratio of 1:12 or less, and forming a bulk amorphous carbon layer on the amorphous carbon initiation layer, wherein a hydrocarbon source gas used to form the bulk amorphous carbon layer has a volumetric flow rate to a diluent source gas flow rate of 1:6 or greater. 1. A method of forming a composite amorphous carbon layer for improved stack defectivity on a substrate , comprising:introducing a hydrocarbon source gas into a process chamber containing a substrate having a defect formed thereon;introducing a diluent source gas into the process chamber;introducing a plasma-initiating gas into the process chamber;generating a plasma in the process chamber;forming an amorphous carbon initiation layer on the substrate, wherein a ratio of a volumetric flow rate of the hydrocarbon source gas to a volumetric flow rate of the diluent source gas is 1:12 or less and wherein the amorphous carbon initiation layer suppresses the growth of the defect; andforming a bulk amorphous carbon layer on the amorphous carbon initiation layer, wherein a volumetric flow rate of a hydrocarbon source gas used to form the bulk amorphous carbon layer to a volumetric flow rate of a diluent source gas is 1:6 or greater to form the composite amorphous carbon layer.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises materials selected from ...

PROCESS FOR GAS-PHASE POLYMERIZATION HAVING HIGH BED BULK DENSITY

The present invention relates to an improvement for gas-phase olefin polymerization process having relatively high bed bulk density. The improvement involves the use of mixed external electron donors when polymerizing propylene in a gas-phase reactor having a polymer bed with a bulk density greater than 128 kg/m, optionally with one or more comonomers, wherein the mixed electron donor system comprises at least a first external electron donor and a second external electron donor, and wherein the first external electron donor is a carboxylate compound. 1. A polymerization process for making polypropylene or propylene copolymer (Cto C) comprising:{'sup': '3', 'polymerizing propylene, optionally with one or more comonomers, in a gas-phase reactor having a polymer bed with a bulk density greater than 128 kg/m, in the presence of a mixed electron donor system, wherein the mixed electron donor system comprises at least a first external electron donor and a second external electron donor, and wherein the first external electron donor is a carboxylate compound.'}2. The process of wherein the gas-phase reactor is a mechanically stirred vertical gas-phase reactor.3. The process of wherein the gas-phase reactor discharges the product through a dip tube or eductor tube.4. The process of wherein the gas-phase reactor has a bed volume greater than or equal to 35% of the reactor volume.5. The process of wherein the gas-phase reactor is a horizontal gas-phase reactor that is mechanically stirred.6. The process of wherein the gas-phase reactor has separate gas and liquid feeds.7. The process of wherein the polymer bed is fluidized.8. The process of wherein the polymer bed is not fluidized.9. The process of further comprising one or more additional reactors.10. The process of wherein the reactors are arranged in parallel.11. The process of wherein the reactors are arranged in series.12. The process of wherein the reactors are arranged in a combination of parallel and series reactors. ...

Hydraulic Tensioning Flange Connector

Hydraulic flange connectors connect two flange components together, and hydraulic pressure applied to ports in connector holes of one of the flanges tension the flange studs and crush the gasket between the flange components. Each connector has a piston that disposes in the connector hole and can move therein when hydraulic pressure is applied through the port by a pump. A first stud connected to the piston extends beyond one open end of the hole for connection to a first nut, while a second stud connected to the piston extending beyond another open end of the to the second flange component for connection to a second nut. A retainer having seals threads in this other open end of the hole and seals between the hole and the second stud. 1. A method of making a hydraulic flange connection , the method comprising:disposing a connector in a connector hole of a first flange component;disposing the first flange component adjacent a second flange component;threading first and second fasteners respectively on first and second stud ends of the connector against the first and second flange components;tensioning at least a portion of the connector by applying hydraulic pressure against the connector in the connector hole through at least one port in the first flange component; andtightening at least one of the first and second fasteners on a corresponding one of the first and second stud ends.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein disposing the connector in the connector hole of the first flange component comprises extending the first stud end through a first open end of the connector hole on a first side of the first flange component and extending the second stud end through a second open end of the connector hole on a second side of the first flange component.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein disposing the first flange component adjacent the second flange component comprises disposing a gasket between the first and second flange components.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein ...

RSV F Protein Mutants

The present disclosure relates to RSV F protein mutants, nucleic acids or vectors encoding a RSV F protein mutant, compositions comprising a RSV F protein mutant or nucleic acid, and uses of the RSV F protein mutants, nucleic acids or vectors, and compositions. 1. A mutant of a wild-type RSV F protein , which mutant comprises a F1 polypeptide and a F2 polypeptide , wherein the mutant comprises at least one amino acid mutation relative to the amino acid sequence of the wild-type RSV F protein , and wherein the amino acid mutation is selected from the group consisting of:(1) an engineered disulfide bond mutation;(2) a cavity filling mutation;(3) an electrostatic mutation;(4) a combination of at least one engineered disulfide mutation and at least one cavity filling mutation;(5) a combination of at least one engineered disulfide mutation and at least one electrostatic mutation;(6) a combination of at least one cavity filling mutation and at least one electrostatic mutation; and(7) a combination of at least one engineered disulfide mutation, at least one cavity filling mutation, and at least one electrostatic mutation.2. The mutant according to claim 1 , wherein the amino acid mutation is a combination of at least one engineered disulfide mutation claim 1 , at least one cavity filling mutation claim 1 , and at least one electrostatic mutation.3. The mutant according to claim 1 , which is in the form of a trimer.4. The mutant according to claim 1 , which has increased stability as compared with the corresponding wild-type RSV F protein claim 1 , wherein the stability is measured by binding of the mutant with antibody AM14.5. The mutant according to claim 1 , wherein the wild-type RSV is subtype A claim 1 , subtype B claim 1 , strain A2 claim 1 , strain Ontario claim 1 , or strain Buenos Aires.6. The mutant according to claim 2 , wherein the engineered disulfide mutation is selected from the group consisting of: 55C and 188C; 155C and 290C; 103C and 148C; and 142C and ...

Rating polymerization processes

Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards methods for rating polymerization processes based upon a first cracking index (value and a second cracking index value.

HIGH COLOR RENDERING LAMP

A high color rendering lamp includes: a light source with a substrate, a base light emitting unit and a compensation light unit, and a power source. The base light emitting unit includes a plurality of white LEDs disposed in a spaced manner on the substrate. The fill light unit includes a plurality of red LEDs disposed in a spaced manner on the substrate, and the red LEDs include short and long wavelength red LEDs, a wavelength of a light of the short wavelength red LEDs is shorter than that of the long wavelength red LEDs. The power source is electrically connected to the substrate and supplies power to the substrate. The red and white lights within two specific wavelength ranges are mixed together in a specific proportion, so that the CRI can be increased to more than 90, and the practicability is also considerably increased. 1. A high color rendering lamp comprising:a light source with a substrate, a base light emitting unit and a compensation light unit, the base light emitting unit including a plurality of white LEDs disposed in a spaced manner on the substrate, the compensation light unit including a plurality of red LEDs disposed in a spaced manner on the substrate, and the red LEDs including short wavelength red LEDs and long wavelength red LEDs, a wavelength of a light of the short wavelength red LEDs being shorter than that of the long wavelength red LEDs; anda power source electrically connected to the substrate and supplying power to the substrate to enable the base light emitting unit and the compensation light unit to generate light.2. The high color rendering lamp as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a proportion of the white LEDs to the red LEDs ranges from 3:1 to 6:1.3. The high color rendering lamp as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the proportion of the white LEDs to the red LEDs is 5:1.4. The high color rendering lamp as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a proportion of the short wavelength red LEDs to the long wavelength red LEDs ranges from 1:2 to 2:1.5. ...

POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLES USEFUL IN THERANOSTICS

Synthesis and characterization of starch based pH-responsive nanoparticles for controlled drug delivery are described. Polymethacrylic acid grafted starch (PMAA-g-St) nanoparticles with various molar ratio of starch to MAA were synthesized by a new one-pot method that enabled simultaneous grafting of PMAA and nanoparticle formation in an aqueous medium. NMR data showed that polysorbate 80 was polymerized into the graft polymer. Nanoparticles were relatively spherical with narrow size distribution and porous surface morphology and exhibited pH-dependent swelling in physiological pH range. The particle size and magnitude of volume phase transition were dependent on PMAA content and formulation parameters such as surfactant levels, cross-linker amount, and total monomer concentration. The results showed that the new pH-responsive nanoparticles possessed useful properties for controlled drug delivery. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid solution comprises a hydroxylic solvent.38-. (canceled)9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer of step (a) comprises starch.1016-. (canceled)17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ethoxylated molecules are a polyethoxylated sorbitan having a R(C9-C31)-C(O)O-group wherein the sorbitan is linked to the second polymer through a C—C covalent bond of the R(C9-C31)-C(O)O-group during the step of polymerizing.1828-. (canceled)29. A method of producing a nanoparticle for delivery of a biological agent claim 17 , comprising the method of claim 17 , wherein the agent is covalently linked to the polymer of step (a).3035-. (canceled)36. A method of producing nanoparticles for delivery of a biological agent claim 17 , comprising dispersing the agent and nanoparticles obtained by the method of claim 17 , in a liquid medium to incorporate the agent into the nanoparticles.3738-. (canceled)39. A nanoparticle comprising:a first polymer;a second polymer grafted to the first polymer; anda polyethoxylated moiety covalently bound to the ...

RSV F Protein Mutants

The present disclosure relates to RSV F protein mutants, nucleic acids or vectors encoding a RSV F protein mutant, compositions comprising a RSV F protein mutant or nucleic acid, and uses of the RSV F protein mutants, nucleic acids or vectors, and compositions.

METHOD, DEVICE AND STORAGE MEDIUM FOR PROVIDING DATA STATISTICS

The present disclosure relates to a method, a device and a storage medium for providing data statistics in a computer. The method may include: obtaining a data collection from a server, wherein the data collection comprises a plurality of records, and each of the records comprise a target data field; obtaining an index number of each target data field according to the records respectively; obtaining a bitmap comprising a plurality of bitmap units, each bitmap unit having a unique index number; searching and locating a bitmap unit in the bitmap, and writing a predetermined data into the located bitmap unit, wherein the unique index number of the located bitmap unit corresponds to the index number of each target data field; and determining the bitmap unit having a same data with the predetermined data by traversing the bitmap, and counting a total number of the determined bitmap units. 1. A method for providing data statistics in a computer , the computer comprising a processor operating in conjunction with a memory , the method comprising:obtaining a data collection from a server, wherein the data collection comprises a plurality of records, and each of the records comprise a target data field;obtaining an index number of each target data field according to the records respectively;obtaining a bitmap comprising a plurality of bitmap units, each bitmap unit having a unique index number;searching and locating a bitmap unit in the bitmap, and writing a predetermined data into the located bitmap unit, wherein the unique index number of the located bitmap unit corresponds to the index number of each target data field; anddetermining the bitmap unit having a same data with the predetermined data by traversing the bitmap, and counting a total number of the determined bitmap units.2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , the step of obtaining an index number of each target data field according to the records respectively comprises: determining whether the ...

RSV F Protein Mutants

The present disclosure relates to RSV F protein mutants, nucleic acids or vectors encoding a RSV F protein mutant, compositions comprising a RSV F protein mutant or nucleic acid, and uses of the RSV F protein mutants, nucleic acids or vectors, and compositions.

RSV F Protein Mutants

The present disclosure relates to RSV F protein mutants, nucleic acids or vectors encoding a RSV F protein mutant, compositions comprising a RSV F protein mutant or nucleic acid, and uses of the RSV F protein mutants, nucleic acids or vectors, and compositions. 1. A mutant of a wild-type RSV F protein , which mutant comprises a F1 polypeptide and a F2 polypeptide , wherein the mutant comprises at least one amino acid mutation relative to the amino acid sequence of the wild-type RSV F protein , and wherein the amino acid mutation is selected from the group consisting of:(1) an engineered disulfide bond mutation;(2) a cavity filling mutation;(3) an electrostatic mutation;(4) a combination of at least one engineered disulfide mutation and at least one cavity filling mutation;(5) a combination of at least one engineered disulfide mutation and at least one electrostatic mutation;(6) a combination of at least one cavity filling mutation and at least one electrostatic mutation; and(7) a combination of at least one engineered disulfide mutation, at least one cavity filling mutation, and at least one electrostatic mutation.2. The mutant according to claim 1 , wherein the amino acid mutation is a combination of at least one engineered disulfide mutation claim 1 , at least one cavity filling mutation claim 1 , and at least one electrostatic mutation.3. The mutant according to claim 1 , which is in the form of a trimer.4. The mutant according to claim 1 , which has increased stability as compared with the corresponding wild-type RSV F protein claim 1 , wherein the stability is measured by binding of the mutant with antibody AM14.5. The mutant according to claim 1 , wherein the wild-type RSV is subtype A claim 1 , subtype B claim 1 , strain A2 claim 1 , strain Ontario claim 1 , or strain Buenos Aires.6. The mutant according to claim 2 , wherein the engineered disulfide mutation is selected from the group consisting of: 55C and 188C; 155C and 290C; 103C and 148C; and 142C and ...

SUPPORTED CATALYST WITH IMPROVED FLOWABILITY

Catalyst systems and methods for making and using the same are provided. The catalyst system can include a catalyst support, wherein the catalyst support has an average particle size of about 2 microns to about 200 microns. Nanoparticles are adhered to the catalyst support, wherein the nanoparticles have an average particle size of about 2 to about 200 nanometers. A catalyst is supported on the catalyst support. 1. A method for making a polyolefin catalyst support , comprising:forming a suspension of a catalyst support in a protic liquid having a pH between about 4.5 and about 7.5;applying a shear stress to the suspension of between about 100 kPa and about 5000 kPa;adjusting the pH of the suspension to between about 8 and about 11;adding nanoparticles to the suspension;adjusting the pH of the suspension to between about 4 and about 7;continuing the shear stress on the suspension for about 5 minutes to about 60 minutes;separating a solid from the suspension;washing the solid with a solvent having a pH between about 4.5 and about 7.5; anddrying the solid.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the obtained catalyst support contains 0.5 weight % to 20 weight % of the nanoparticles attached on the particle surfaces.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the suspension of the catalyst support comprises adding between about 1 weight % to about 50 weight % catalyst support to the protic liquid.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein adjusting the pH of the suspension to between about 8 and about 11 comprises adding a soluble base to the suspension.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the soluble base comprises ammonium hydroxide claim 4 , sodium hydroxide claim 4 , potassium hydroxide claim 4 , organic amines claim 4 , or any mixtures thereof.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the protic liquid comprises water claim 1 , methanol claim 1 , ethanol claim 1 , ammonia claim 1 , an alcohol claim 1 , an amine claim 1 , or any combinations thereof.7. The method of claim 1 , comprising ...

SUPPORTED CATALYST WITH IMPROVED FLOWABILITY

Catalyst systems and methods for making and using the same are provided. The catalyst system can include a catalyst support, wherein the catalyst support has an average particle size of about 2 microns to about 200 microns. Nanoparticles are adhered to the catalyst support, wherein the nanoparticles have an average particle size of about 2 to about 200 nanometers. A catalyst is supported on the catalyst support. 134.-. (canceled)35. A polymerization process comprising contacting at least one monomer with:a polyolefin catalyst comprising a catalyst support, wherein the catalyst support has an average particle size of about 2 microns to about 200 microns, and a catalyst supported on the catalyst support; andnanoparticles, wherein the nanoparticles have an average particle size of about 2 to about 200 nanometers.36. The polymerization process of claim 35 , wherein the catalyst support comprises an inorganic oxide.37. The polymerization process of claim 35 , wherein the inorganic oxide comprises silica claim 35 , alumina claim 35 , zirconia claim 35 , thoria claim 35 , or any mixtures thereof.38. The polymerization process of claim 35 , wherein the nanoparticles comprise alumina claim 35 , silica claim 35 , titania claim 35 , or any combinations thereof.39. The polymerization process of claim 35 , wherein the nanoparticles comprise carbon black claim 35 , conductive nanoparticles claim 35 , or any combinations thereof.40. The polymerization process of claim 39 , wherein the nanoparticles are selected from the group consisting of graphene nanoplatelets claim 39 , graphite nanoparticles claim 39 , Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes claim 39 , and conductive standard carbon blacks.41. The polymerization process of claim 35 , wherein the nanoparticles comprise spheres claim 35 , plates claim 35 , fibers claim 35 , or any agglomerations thereof claim 35 , or any combinations thereof.42. The polymerization process of claim 35 , wherein the catalyst comprises a metallocene catalyst ...

SUPPORTED CATALYST WITH IMPROVED FLOWABILITY

Catalyst systems and methods for making and using the same are provided. The catalyst system can include a catalyst support, wherein the catalyst support has an average particle size of about 2 microns to about 200 microns. Nanoparticles are adhered to the catalyst support, wherein the nanoparticles have an average particle size of about 2 to about 200 nanometers. A catalyst is supported on the catalyst support. 119.-. (canceled)20. A method of preparing a solid polyolefin catalyst support , comprising:forming a suspension of nanoparticles in a solvent;adding an organic silica precursor to the suspension;adding water to the suspension;adding a sol-gel reaction catalyst to the suspension;mixing the suspension at a shear stress of between about 100 kPa and about 5000 kPa;adding a catalyst support to the suspension;continuing the shear stress on the suspension for about 5 minutes to about 720 minutes;separating a solid from the suspension; anddrying the solid.21. The method of claim 20 , wherein forming the suspension of the nanoparticles comprises adding between about 1 weight percent to about 50 weight % nanoparticles to the solvent.22. The method of claim 20 , comprising forming the suspension of nanoparticles in alcohol claim 20 , tetrahydrofuran (THF) claim 20 , formamide claim 20 , dimethyl-formamide claim 20 , or dioxane claim 20 , or any mixtures thereof.23. The method of claim 20 , comprising adding a silica alkoxide as the organic silica precursor.24. The method of claim 20 , comprising adding the water at a molar ratio to silicon in the precursor of between about 0.5:1 to about 40:1.25. The method of claim 20 , comprising adding the sol-gel reaction catalyst at a molar ratio to silicon atoms in the precursor of between about 1:20 and about 1:10000.26. The method of claim 20 , comprising adding an acid or a base as the sol-gel reaction catalyst.27. The method of claim 26 , comprising adding HNO claim 26 , an organic acid claim 26 , or a mixture thereof as the ...

TRANSPARENT AND TINT-FREE POLYIMIDE FILM, PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF AND OPTICAL POLYIMIDE FILM

A transparent and tint-free polyimide film, a preparation method thereof and an optical PI film are provided in the disclosure. The transparent and tint-free polyimide film not only has excellent light transmittance (≥85% @500 nm), but also has high modulus (tensile modulus≥3.8 GPa) and low coefficient of thermal expansion (≤30 ppm/Celsius, 50-200 Celsius) and other characteristics, so as to the transparent and tint-free polyimide film can meet the needs of flexible optoelectronic display devices. 1. A transparent and tint-free polyimide film comprising following characteristics: a tensile modulus≥3.8 GPa; a coefficient of thermal expansion at 50-200 Celsius≥30 ppm/Celsius; and a light transmittance at 500 nm wavelength≥85% , wherein a polyamide acid resin solution or a polyamide ester resin solution , obtained by a polycondensation reaction between a fluorinated aromatic diamine and one of a tetracid dianhydride and a tetracid dianhydride derivative , reacts with a chemical imidization reagent and then form the transparent and tint-free polyimide film; the tetracid dianhydride is a mixture of an alicyclic tetracid dianhydride and an aromatic tetracid dianhydride; the tetracid dianhydride derivative is a mixture of an alicyclic diacid chloride diester solution produced by the esterification and acid chlorination of an alicyclic tetracid dianhydride , and an aromatic diacid chloride diester solution produced by the esterification and acid chlorination of an aromatic tetracid dianhydride.2. The transparent and tint-free polyimide film of claim 1 , wherein the transparent and tint-free polyimide film has following characteristics: a tensile modulus of 3.8 GPa to 8.5 GPa; a coefficient of thermal expansion at 50-200 Celsius of 1 ppm/Celsius to 30 ppm/Celsius; and a light transmittance at 500 nm wavelength of 85% to 96%.3. The transparent and tint-free polyimide film of claim 2 , wherein the solid content of the polyamide acid resin solution or the polyamide eater resin ...

Recycle Gas Cooler Systems for Gas-Phase Polymerization Processes

Disclosed herein are improvements in recycle gas cooler systems in gas-phase polymerization processes that reduce the tendency for cooler fouling, including a recycle gas cooler system comprising a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. One or more of the tubes of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger may have a flared tube inlet at the tube sheet. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger may also be coupled to a straight inlet pipe having a length that is either at least about 5 times the inner diameter of the straight inlet pipe or at least about 15 feet, whichever is greater.

PRODUCING HIGH COMONOMER CONTENT PROPYLENE-BASED POLYMERS.

A gas-phase process for making a propylene-based polymer in a fluidized-bed reactor, the reactor containing a fluidized bed including polymer product particles and a catalyst, the process having a set of quantitative criteria for maximum monomer partial pressure, maximum reactor temperature, and comonomer content(s) in the propylene-based polymer. The propylene-based polymer may be EBPT or BPRCP. The catalyst may include a catalyst/donor system comprising (1) a supported Ziegler-Natta pro-catalyst, (2) a co-catalyst, and (3) a mixed external electron donor system including (a) an activity limiting agent including at least one carboxylate ester functional group, and (b) a selectivity control agent. 1. A process for producing a high comonomer content propylene-based polymer , the process comprising the step of contacting , under copolymerization conditions , (A) propylene , butene , and optionally ethylene , with one another within (B) a fluidized-bed reactor comprising a catalyst comprising (1) a supported Ziegler-Natta pro-catalyst , (2) a co-catalyst , and (3) a mixed external electron donor system comprising (a) an activity limiting agent , and (b) a selectivity control agent ,wherein the copolymerization conditions include a reactor temperature in a range, in units of ° C., of (0.57×SIT+4) to (0.87×SIT−9.25) where SIT, the seal initiation temperature of the propylene-based polymer, is in a range of 75° C. to 110° C.2. The process of in which the propylene-based polymer is one of ethylene-butene-propylene terpolymer (EBPT) and butene-propylene random copolymer (BPRCP).3. (canceled)4. The process of in which: (i) the activity limiting agent comprises at least one carboxylate ester functional group; (ii) the selectivity control agent is selected from the group consisting of dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane claim 1 , n-propyltrimethoxysilane claim 1 , and methylcyclohexyldimethoxysilane; or both (i) and (ii).5. (canceled)6. The process of in which the copolymerization ...

SUPPORTED CATALYST WITH IMPROVED FLOWABILITY

Catalyst systems and methods for making and using the same are provided. The catalyst system can include a catalyst support, wherein the catalyst support has an average particle size of about 2 microns to about 200 microns. Nanoparticles are adhered to the catalyst support, wherein the nanoparticles have an average particle size of about 2 to about 200 nanometers. A catalyst is supported on the catalyst support. 1. A method for making a polyolefin catalyst support , comprising:forming a suspension of a catalyst support in a protic liquid having a pH between about 4.5 and about 7.5;applying a shear stress to the suspension of between about 100 kPa and about 5000 kPa;adjusting the pH of the suspension to between about 8 and about 11;adding nanoparticles to the suspension;adjusting the pH of the suspension to between about 4 and about 7;continuing the shear stress on the suspension for about 5 minutes to about 60 minutes;separating a solid from the suspension;washing the solid with a solvent having a pH between about 4.5 and about 7.5; anddrying the solid.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the obtained catalyst support contains 0.5 weight % to 20 weight % of the nanoparticles attached on the particle surfaces.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the suspension of the catalyst support comprises adding between about 1 weight % to about 50 weight % catalyst support to the protic liquid.47.-. (canceled)8. The method of claim 1 , comprising adding the nanoparticles to the suspension at a weight ratio of nanoparticles to catalyst support of between about 1:100 to about 20:100.911.-. (canceled)12. A polyolefin catalyst claim 1 , comprising:a catalyst support, wherein the catalyst support has an average particle size of about 2 microns to about 200 microns;nanoparticles adhered to the catalyst support, wherein the nanoparticles have an average particle size of about 2 to about 200 nanometers; anda catalyst supported on the catalyst support.1314.-. (canceled)15. The ...

SEMICONDUCTOR STRUCTURE AND FABRICATION METHOD THEREOF

A semiconductor structure and its fabrication method are provided. The fabrication method includes: providing a base substrate including a wiring region and an isolation region. A patterned layer is formed on the isolation region of the base substrate and the patterned layer exposes the wiring region of the base substrate. After forming the patterned layer, a redistribution layer is formed on the wiring region of the based substrate exposed by the patterned layer. A protective layer is formed on the redistribution layer, and after forming the protective layer, the patterned layer is removed. 1. A fabrication method for forming a semiconductor structure , comprising:providing a base substrate including a wiring region and an isolation region;forming a patterned layer on the isolation region of the base substrate, wherein the patterned layer exposes the wiring region of the base substrate;after forming the patterned layer, forming a redistribution layer on the wiring region of the based substrate exposed by the patterned layer;forming a protective layer on the redistribution layer; andafter forming the protective layer, removing the patterned layer.2. The fabrication method according to claim 1 , wherein:the protective layer is made of nickel, zinc, titanium, or a combination thereof.3. The fabrication method according to claim 1 , whereinthe protective layer is formed by an electroplating process.4. The fabrication method according to claim 3 , wherein;the protective layer is made of nickel; andthe electroplating process uses an electroplating solution including organic carbon, boric acid, nickel sulfamate, and nickel chloride.5. The fabrication method according to claim 4 , wherein claim 4 , in the electroplating solution:the organic carbon has a content of about 100 ppm to about 500 ppm;the boric acid has a concentration of about 35 ppm to about 45 ppm;the nickel sulfamate has a concentration of about 80 g/L to about 100 g/L; andthe nickel chloride has a ...

Processes for transitioning between various polymerization catalysts

This invention relates to processes for transitioning among polymerization catalyst systems, preferably catalyst systems, which are incompatible with each other. Particularly, the invention relates to processes for transitioning among olefin polymerization reactions utilizing Ziegler-Natta catalyst systems, metallocene catalyst systems and chromium-based catalyst systems.

Reactor systems and processes for using the same

circulating fluidized bed reactor

Method for polymerizing polypropylene

Processes for transitioning between various polymerization catalysts

This invention relates to processes for transitioning among polymerization catalyst systems, preferably catalyst systems, which are incompatible with each other. Particularly, the invention relates to processes for transitioning among olefin polymerization reactions utilizing Ziegler-Natta catalyst systems, metallocene catalyst systems and chromium-based catalyst systems.

Processes for transitioning between various polymerization catalysts

This invention relates to processes for transitioning among polymerization catalyst systems, preferably catalyst systems, which are incompatible with each other. Particularly, the invention relates to processes for transitioning among olefin polymerization reactions utilizing Ziegler-Natta catalyst systems, metallocene catalyst systems and chromium­-based catalyst systems.

Processes for transitioning between various polymerization catalysts

This invention relates to processes for transitioning among polymerization catalyst systems, preferably catalyst systems, which are incompatible with each other. Particularly, the invention relates to processes for transitioning among olefin polymerization reactions utilizing Ziegler-Natta catalyst systems, metallocene catalyst systems and chromium­-based catalyst systems.

Low bed-level transition, start-up, and reactor residence time control using sound waves

A process is provided for low bed level polymerization, using sound waves to prevent reactor fouling and/or sheeting. The process is useful during reactor start-up, polymer product transitioning, and for polymer residence time control in the reactor.

Processes for transitioning between various polymerization catalysts

This invention relates to processes for transitioning among polymerization catalyst systems, preferably catalyst systems, which are incompatible with each other. Particularly, the invention relates to processes for transitioning among olefin polymerization reactions utilizing Ziegler-Natta catalyst systems, metallocene catalyst systems and chromium­-based catalyst systems.

Processes for transitioning between various polymerization catalysts

This invention relates to processes for transitioning among polymerization catalyst systems, preferably catalyst systems, which are incompatible with each other. Particularly, the invention relates to processes for transitioning among olefin polymerization reactions utilizing Ziegler-Natta catalyst systems, metallocene catalyst systems and chromium­-based catalyst systems.

Processes for transitioning between various polymerization catalysts

This invention relates to processes for transitioning among polymerization catalyst systems, preferably catalyst systems, which are incompatible with each other. Particularly, the invention relates to processes for transitioning among olefin polymerization reactions utilizing Ziegler-Natta catalyst systems, metallocene catalyst systems and chromium­-based catalyst systems.

Processes for transitioning between various polymerization catalysts

The invention relates to processes for transitioning from a first polymerization reaction with a first catalyst system to a second polymerization reaction with a second catalyst system where the first and second catalyst systems are incompatible. The polymerization reaction is conducted in a polymerization zone of a gas phase fluidized bed reactor which contains a fluidized bed of polymer particles by an essentially continuous passage of monomer gases through the polymerization zone. The process comprises a) discontinuing the introduction of the first catalyst system into the reactor; b) lowering the height of the bed of polymer particles from a first height to a second height; c) conducting essentially concurrently with the reduction of the bed height, at least one modification which is reducing the partial pressure of the monomer gases within the polymerization zone from a first partial pressure to the second lower partial pressure or introducing an alkoxylated amide or amine into the reactor; d) introducing the second catalyst system into the reactor; and e) increasing the bed height to a level above the level of the second height.

Processes for transitioning between various polymerization catalysts

PROCESS FOR TRANSITION BETWEEN VARIOUS POLYMERIZATION CATALYSTS

Processes for transitioning between various polymerization catalysts

Processes for transitioning between various polymerization catalysts

The invention relates to processes for transitioning from a first polymerization reaction with a first catalyst system to a second polymerization reaction with a second catalyst system where the first and second catalyst systems are incompatible. The polymerization reaction is conducted in a polymerization zone of a gas phase fluidized bed reactor which contains a fluidized bed of polymer particles by an essentially continuous passage of monomer gases through the polymerization zone. The process comprises a) discontinuing the introduction of the first catalyst system into the reactor; b) lowering the height of the bed of polymer particles from a first height to a second height; c) conducting essentially concurrently with the reduction of the bed height, at least one modification which is reducing the partial pressure of the monomer gases within the polymerization zone from a first partial pressure to the second lower partial pressure or introducing an alkoxylated amide or amine into the reactor; d) introducing the second catalyst system into the reactor; and e) increasing the bed height to a level above the level of the second height.

Gas-phase polymerization process to achieve a high particle density

A process for increasing a granular particle density of a polymeric product using at least one particle density promoting agent is described. The process includes passing a gaseous stream comprising at least one monomer through a fluidized bed reactor in the presence of a catalyst to form a polymeric product having a first granular particle density of less than or equal to about 850 kg/m 3 , contacting the polymeric product with at least one particle density promoting agent to increase the granular particle density of the polymeric product by at least 2%, withdrawing the polymeric product having an increased granular particle density and a recycle stream comprised of unreacted monomers, and cooling and reintroducing the recycle stream into the fluidized bed reactor with sufficient additional monomer to replace the monomer polymerized and withdrawn as the polymeric product.

Condensing mode operation of gas-phase polymerization reactor

A continuous gas fluidized bed polymerization process for the production of a polymer from a monomer including continuously passing a gaseous stream comprising the monomer through a fluidized bed reactor in the presence of a catalyst under reactive conditions; withdrawing a polymeric product and a stream comprising unreacted monomer gases; cooling said stream comprising unreacted monomer gases to form a mixture comprising a gas phase and a liquid phase and reintroducing said mixture into said reactor with sufficient additional monomer to replace that monomer polymerized and withdrawn as the product, wherein said liquid phase is vaporized, and wherein the stream comprises an induced condensing agent selected from the group consisting of alkanes, cycloalkanes, and mixtures thereof, the induced condensing agent having a normal boiling point less than 25° C.

Polymerization reaction system

A process for the polymerization of olefins is disclosed. The process may include: feeding a catalyst, a liquid diluent, and an olefin to a polymerization vessel having, from a polymerization vessel bottom to a polymerization vessel top, a vapor introduction zone, a three- phase reaction zone and a vapor disengagement zone; contacting the catalyst and olefin under conditions of temperature and pressure in the presence of the liquid diluent as a continuous phase in the three-phase reaction zone to form a solid phase polyolefin; withdrawing a gas phase composition from an outlet in fluid communication with the vapor disengagement zone; circulating the gas phase composition through a gas circulation loop to an inlet in fluid communication with the vapor distribution zone at a rate sufficient to agitate the solid and liquid phases within the three-phase reaction zone; and withdrawing a reaction mixture comprising polyolefin and diluents from the three-phase reaction zone.

Gas-phase polymerization process having multiple flow regimes

The present invention relates to an improvement for gas phase olefin polymerization process under two or more different flow regimes. The process involves adding a mixed electron donor system to a reactor having two or more different flow regimes, wherein the mixed electron donor system comprises at least one selectivity control agent and at least one activity limiting agent. The invention is particularly well suited for reactor systems which include a regime characterized by having a low-velocity or high-solid holdup, which have been reported to have operational problems such as particle agglomeration and formation of polymer "chunks".

Producing high comonomer content propylene-based polymers

A gas-phase process for making a propylene-based polymer in a fluidized-bed reactor, the reactor containing a fluidized bed including polymer product particles and a catalyst, the process having a set of quantitative criteria for maximum monomer partial pressure, maximum reactor temperature, and comonomer content(s) in the propylene-based polymer. The propylene-based polymer may be EBPT or BPRCP. The catalyst may include a catalyst/donor system comprising (1) a supported Ziegler-Natta pro-catalyst, (2) a co-catalyst, and (3) a mixed external electron donor system including (a) an activity limiting agent including at least one carboxylate ester functional group, and (b) a selectivity control agent.

Supported catalyst with improved flowability

Catalyst systems and methods for making and using the same are provided. The catalyst system can include a catalyst support, wherein the catalyst support has an average particle size of about 2 microns to about 200 microns. Nanoparticles are adhered to the catalyst support, wherein the nanoparticles have an average particle size of about 2 to about 200 nanometers. A catalyst is supported on the catalyst support.

Recycle gas cooler systems for gas-phase polymerization processes

Disclosed herein are improvements in recycle gas cooler systems in gas-phase polymerization processes that reduce the tendency for cooler fouling, including a recycle gas cooler system comprising a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. One or more of the tubes of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger may have a flared tube inlet at the tube sheet. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger may also be coupled to a straight inlet pipe having a length that is either at least about 5 times the inner diameter of the straight inlet pipe or at least about 15 feet, whichever is greater.

Supported catalyst with improved flowability

Catalyst systems and methods for making and using the same are provided. The catalyst system can include a catalyst support, wherein the catalyst support has an average particle size of about 2 microns to about 200 microns. Nanoparticles are adhered to the catalyst support, wherein the nanoparticles have an average particle size of about 2 to about 200 nanometers. A catalyst is supported on the catalyst support.

Reactor systems and processes for using the same

A process for the polymerization of olefin's, including: introducing an olefin and a polymerization catalyst into a polymerization reactor to form a polyolefin, the polymerization reactor including: a fluidized bed region having a top and a bottom; and a motive bed region; wherein a first end of the motive bed region is fluidly connected to the top of the fluidized bed region; and wherein a second end of the motive bed region is fluidly connected to the bottom of the fluidized bed region; and wherein a diameter of the fluidized bed region is greater than a diameter of the motive bed region; circulating at least a portion of the olefin, the catalyst, and the polyolefin through the fluidized bed region and the motive bed region; maintaining a dense-phase fluidized bed within the fluidized bed region; recovering polyolefin from the fluidized bed region, is provided. A reactor system directed to the process is also provided.

Circulating fluidized bed reactor

A continuous gas phase circulating bed reactor, including: a riser for contacting a catalyst and a first gas composition comprising an olefin to form a polyolefin under fast-fluidization regime or a dilute-phase pneumatic conveying regime conditions; a downer for contacting the catalyst and a second gas composition comprising an olefin to form additional polyolefin under fast fluidization regime or a dilute-phase pneumatic conveying regime conditions; and a transport section for conveying at least a portion of the catalyst, polyolefin, and additional polyolefin from the downer to the riser. Also disclosed is a polymerization process using such a circulating bed reactor.

Polymerization reaction system

A process for the polymerization of olefins is disclosed. The process may include: feeding a catalyst, a liquid diluent, and an olefin to a polymerization vessel having, from a polymerization vessel bottom to a polymerization vessel top, a vapor introduction zone, a three- phase reaction zone and a vapor disengagement zone; contacting the catalyst and olefin under conditions of temperature and pressure in the presence of the liquid diluent as a continuous phase in the three-phase reaction zone to form a solid phase polyolefin; withdrawing a gas phase composition from an outlet in fluid communication with the vapor disengagement zone; circulating the gas phase composition through a gas circulation loop to an inlet in fluid communication with the vapor distribution zone at a rate sufficient to agitate the solid and liquid phases within the three-phase reaction zone; and withdrawing a reaction mixture comprising polyolefin and diluents from the three-phase reaction zone.

Producing high comonomer content propylene-based polymers

A gas-phase process for making a propylene-based polymer in a fluidized-bed reactor, the reactor containing a fluidized bed including polymer product particles and a catalyst, the process having a set of quantitative criteria for maximum monomer partial pressure, maximum reactor temperature, and comonomer content(s) in the propylene-based polymer. The propylene-based polymer may be EBPT or BPRCP. The catalyst may include a catalyst/donor system comprising (1) a supported Ziegler-Natta pro-catalyst, (2) a co-catalyst, and (3) a mixed external electron donor system including (a) an activity limiting agent including at least one carboxylate ester functional group, and (b) a selectivity control agent.

Producing high comonomer content propylene-based polymers

A gas-phase process for making a propylene-based polymer in a fluidized-bed reactor, the reactor containing a fluidized bed including polymer product particles and a catalyst, the process having a set of quantitative criteria for maximum monomer partial pressure, maximum reactor temperature, and comonomer content(s) in the propylene-based polymer. The propylene-based polymer may be EBPT or BPRCP. The catalyst may include a catalyst/donor system comprising (1) a supported Ziegler-Natta pro-catalyst, (2) a co-catalyst, and (3) a mixed external electron donor system including (a) an activity limiting agent including at least one carboxylate ester functional group, and (b) a selectivity control agent.

Rating polymerization processes

Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards methods for rating polymerization processes based upon a first cracking index value and a second cracking index value.

Gas-phase polymerization process to achieve a high particle density

A process for increasing a granular particle density of a polymeric product using at least one particle density promoting agent is described. The process includes passing a gaseous stream comprising at least one monomer through a fluidized bed reactor in the presence of a catalyst to form a polymeric product having a first granular particle density of less than or equal to about 850 kg/m 3 , contacting the polymeric product with at least one particle density promoting agent to increase the granular particle density of the polymeric product by at least 2%, withdrawing the polymeric product having an increased granular particle density and a recycle stream comprised of unreacted monomers, and cooling and reintroducing the recycle stream into the fluidized bed reactor with sufficient additional monomer to replace the monomer polymerized and withdrawn as the polymeric product.

Reactor Systems and Processes for Using the Same

A process for the polymerization of olefin's, including: introducing an olefin and a polymerization catalyst into a polymerization reactor to form a polyolefin, the polymerization reactor including: a fluidized bed region having a top and a bottom; and a motive bed region; wherein a first end of the motive bed region is fluidly connected to the top of the fluidized bed region; and wherein a second end of the motive bed region is fluidly connected to the bottom of the fluidized bed region; and wherein a diameter of the fluidized bed region is greater than a diameter of the motive bed region; circulating at least a portion of the olefin, the catalyst, and the polyolefin through the fluidized bed region and the motive bed region; maintaining a dense-phase fluidized bed within the fluidized bed region; recovering polyolefin from the fluidized bed region, is provided. A reactor system directed to the process is also provided.

Gas-phase polymerization process having multiple flow regimes

The present invention relates to an improvement for gas phase olefin polymerization process under two or more different flow regimes. The process involves adding a mixed electron donor system to a reactor having two or more different flow regimes, wherein the mixed electron donor system comprises at least one selectivity control agent and at least one activity limiting agent. The invention is particularly well suited for reactor systems which include a regime characterized by having a low-velocity or high-solid holdup, which have been reported to have operational problems such as particle agglomeration and formation of polymer “chunks”.

Circulating Fluidized Bed Reactor

A continuous gas phase circulating bed reactor, including: a riser for contacting a catalyst and a first gas composition comprising an olefin to form a polyolefin under fast-fluidization regime or a dilute-phase pneumatic conveying regime conditions; a downer for contacting the catalyst and a second gas composition comprising an olefin to form additional polyolefin under fast fluidization regime or a dilute-phase pneumatic conveying regime conditions; and a transport section for conveying at least a portion of the catalyst, polyolefin, and additional polyolefin from the downer to the riser. Also disclosed is a polymerization process using such a circulating bed reactor.

Method for polymerizing polypropylene

The present disclosure relates to a method for polymerizing polypropylene, optionally with one or more additional comonomers in a gas phase reactor in the presence of a mixed electron donor system comprising at least one selectivity control agent and at least one activity limiting agent. The process involves controlling the polymerization process to ensure that the difference between the reactor temperature and the dew point temperature of the incoming monomer stream is 12°C or greater.

Polymerization reaction system

A process for the polymerization of olefins is disclosed. The process may include: feeding a catalyst, a liquid diluent, and an olefin to a polymerization vessel having, from a polymerization vessel bottom to a polymerization vessel top, a vapor introduction zone, a three-phase reaction zone and a vapor disengagement zone; contacting the catalyst and olefin under conditions of temperature and pressure in the presence of the liquid diluent as a continuous phase in the three-phase reaction zone to form a solid phase polyolefin; withdrawing a gas phase composition from an outlet in fluid communication with the vapor disengagement zone; circulating the gas phase composition through a gas circulation loop to an inlet in fluid communication with the vapor distribution zone at a rate sufficient to agitate the solid and liquid phases within the three-phase reaction zone; and withdrawing a reaction mixture comprising polyolefin and diluents from the three-phase reaction zone.

Gas-phase polymerization process having multiple flow regimes

The present invention relates to an improvement for gas phase olefin polymerization process under two or more different flow regimes. The process involves adding a mixed electron donor system to a reactor having two or more different flow regimes, wherein the mixed electron donor system comprises at least one selectivity control agent and at least one activity limiting agent. The invention is particularly well suited for reactor systems which include a regime characterized by having a low-velocity or high-solid holdup, which have been reported to have operational problems such as particle agglomeration and formation of polymer "chunks".

Gas-phase polymerization process having multiple flow regimes

The present invention relates to an improvement for gas phase olefin polymerization process under two or more different flow regimes. The process involves adding a mixed electron donor system to a reactor having two or more different flow regimes, wherein the mixed electron donor system comprises at least one selectivity control agent and at least one activity limiting agent. The invention is particularly well suited for reactor systems which include a regime characterized by having a low-velocity or high-solid holdup, which have been reported to have operational problems such as particle agglomeration and formation of polymer “chunks”.

Process for gas-phase polymerization having high bed bulk density

The present invention relates to an improvement for gas-phase olefin polymerization process having relatively high bed bulk density. The improvement involves the use of mixed external electron donors when polymerizing propylene in a gas-phase reactor having a polymer bed with a bulk density greater than 128 kg/m3, optionally with one or more comonomers, wherein the mixed electron donor system comprises at least a first external electron donor and a second external electron donor, and wherein the first external electron donor is a carboxylate compound.

Supported catalyst with improved flowability

The invention relates to a method of preparing a solid polyolefin catalyst support, comprising: forming a suspension of nanoparticles in a solvent; adding an organic silica precursor to the suspension; adding water to the suspension; adding a sol-gel reaction catalyst to the suspension; mixing the suspension at a shear stress of between about 100 kPa and about 5000 kPa; adding a catalyst support to the suspension; continuing the shear stress on the suspension for about 5 minutes to about 720 minutes; separating a solid from the suspension; and drying the solid.

Reactor systems and processes for using the same

A process for the polymerization of olefin's, including: introducing an olefin and a polymerization catalyst into a polymerization reactor to form a polyolefin, the polymerization reactor including: a fluidized bed region having a top and a bottom; and a motive bed region; wherein a first end of the motive bed region is fluidly connected to the top of the fluidized bed region; and wherein a second end of the motive bed region is fluidly connected to the bottom of the fluidized bed region; and wherein a diameter of the fluidized bed region is greater than a diameter of the motive bed region; circulating at least a portion of the olefin, the catalyst, and the polyolefin through the fluidized bed region and the motive bed region; maintaining a dense-phase fluidized bed within the fluidized bed region; recovering polyolefin from the fluidized bed region, is provided. A reactor system directed to the process is also provided.

Method of detecting and correcting local defluidization and channeling in fluidized-bed reactors for polymerization

A method is provided to monitor, detect and correct local defluidization and channeling in fluidized-bed reactors for polymerization of olefin and/or diolefin polymers. The detection is preferably conducted by (i) continuously and/or intermittently comparing a signal which is a function of the currently measured fluidization bulk density with a signal which is a function of the time-averaged baselines of fluidized bulk density.

Gas-phase polymerization process

A process for polymerizing one or more olefins in a gas-phase polymerization reactor is provided. The gas-phase reactor has a fluidized bed and a fluidizing medium. The flυidizing medium has an operating density and an operating velocity. The process includes determining a critical gas velocity and/or determining a critical gas velocity for the polymerization. The operating gas density and/or the operating gas velocity for the fluidizing medium is then adjusted to be less than or equal to its respective critical value. The process includes increasing the bulk density of the fluidized bed, The increase in the fluidized bed bulk density increases productivity without increasing reactor residence time.

Gas-phase polymerization process

A process for polymerizing one or more olefins in a gas-phase polymerization reactor is provided. The gas-phase reactor has a fluidized bed and a fluidizing medium. The fluidizing medium has an operating density and an operating velocity. The process includes determining a critical gas velocity and/or determining a critical gas velocity for the polymerization. The operating gas density and/or the operating gas velocity for the fluidizing medium is then adjusted to be less than or equal to its respective critical value. The process includes increasing the bulk density of the fluidized bed. The increase in the fluidized bed bulk density increases productivity without increasing reactor residence time.

Gas-Phase Polymerization Process

A process for polymerizing one or more olefins in a gas-phase polymerization reactor is provided. The gas-phase reactor has a fluidized bed and a fluidizing medium. The fluidizing medium has an operating density and an operating velocity. The process includes determining a critical gas velocity and/or determining a critical gas velocity for the polymerization. The operating gas density and/or the operating gas velocity for the fluidizing medium is then adjusted to be less than or equal to its respective critical value. The process includes increasing the bulk density of the fluidized bed. The increase in the fluidized bed bulk density increases productivity without increasing reactor residence time.

Gas-phase polymerization process

A process for polymerizing one or more olefins in a gas-phase polymerization reactor is provided. The gas-phase reactor has a fluidized bed and a fluidizing medium. The flυidizing medium has an operating density and an operating velocity. The process includes determining a critical gas velocity and/or determining a critical gas velocity for the polymerization. The operating gas density and/or the operating gas velocity for the fluidizing medium is then adjusted to be less than or equal to its respective critical value. The process includes increasing the bulk density of the fluidized bed, The increase in the fluidized bed bulk density increases productivity without increasing reactor residence time.

recycling gas cooler systems for gas phase polymerization processes

resumo patente de invenção: "sistemas resfriadores de gás de reciclagem para fase gasosa de processos de polimerização". são descritas neste documento melhoras em sistemas resfriadores de gás de reciclagem em processos de polimerização em fase gasosa que reduzem a tendência para incrustação do resfriador, incluindo um sistema resfriador de gás de reciclagem que compreende um trocador de calor de carcaça e tubo. um ou mais tubos do trocador de calor de carcaça e tubo podem ter uma entrada de tubo alargada na placa de tubo. o trocador de calor de carcaça e tubo pode estar acoplado a um tubo de entrada reto que tem um comprimento que é pelo menos aproximadamente 5 vezes um diâmetro interno do tubo de entrada reto ou, pelo menos, aproximadamente 4,57 metros (15 pés), o que for maior. patent abstract: "gas phase recycle gas cooler systems of polymerization processes". Improvements in recycle gas chiller systems in gas phase polymerization processes that reduce the tendency for chiller fouling, including a recycle gas chiller system comprising a shell and tube heat exchanger, are described herein. one or more tubing and tube heat exchanger tubes may have an enlarged tube inlet in the tube plate. the shell and tube heat exchanger may be coupled to a straight inlet pipe that is at least about 5 times the inside diameter of the straight inlet pipe or at least approximately 4.57 meters (15 feet) , whichever is greater.

Method of detecting and correcting local defluidization and channeling in fluidized-bed reactors for polymerization

A method is provided to monitor, detect and correct local defluidization and channeling in fluidized-bed reactors for polymerization of olefin and/or diolefin polymers. The detection is preferably conducted by (i) continuously and/or intermittently comparing a signal which is a function of the currently measured fluidization bulk density with a signal which is a function of the time-averaged baseline of fluidized bulk density.

Method of detecting and correcting local defluidization and channeling in fluidized-bed reactors for polymerization

A method is provided to monitor, detect and correct local defluidization and channeling in fluidized-bed reactors for polymerization of olefin and/or diolefin polymers. The detection is preferably conducted by (i) continuously and/or intermittently comparing a signal which is a function of the currentl y measured fluidization bulk density with a signal which is a function of the time-averaged baseline of fluidized bulk density.

Method for sonic cleaning of reactor with reduced acoustic wave cancellation

In some embodiments, a method for sonically cleaning a reactor (for example, a fluidized bed reactor useful for the production of polyolefins) using a set of sonic sources, including by varying the operating mode of the set of sources to reduce or prevent cleaning problems that would otherwise result from weak spots if the operating mode were not so varied. Other embodiments are methods for determining positions and operating parameters (e.g., duty cycle and output acoustic wave frequency) of each source of a set of sonic sources to be used for sonically cleaning a reactor, and methods including the steps of determining a position (relative to a reactor) of each source of a set of sonic sources, positioning each said source in the determined position, and then sonically cleaning a surface of the reactor including by varying the operating mode of the set of sources to reduce or prevent cleaning problems that would otherwise result from weak spots if the operating mode were not so varied.

Gas-phase polymerization process to achieve a high particle density

A process for increasing a granular particle density of a polymeric product using at least one particle density promoting agent is described. The process includes passing a gaseous stream comprising at least one monomer through a fluidized bed reactor in the presence of at least one to form a polymeric product having a first granular particle density of less than or equal to about 850 kg/m3, contacting the polymeric product with at least one particle density promoting agent to increase the granular particle density of the polymeric product by at least 2 %, withdrawing the polymeric product having an increased granular particle density and a recycle stream comprised of unreacted monomers, and cooling and reintroducing the recycle stream into the fluidized bed reactor with sufficient additional monomer to replace the monomer polymerized and withdrawn as the polymeric product.

Reactor systems and processes for using the same

A process for the polymerization of olefin's, including: introducing an olefin and a polymerization catalyst into a polymerization reactor to form a polyolefin, the polymerization reactor including: a fluidized bed region having a top and a bottom; and a motive bed region; wherein a first end of the motive bed region is fluidly connected to the top of the fluidized bed region; and wherein a second end of the motive bed region is fluidly connected to the bottom of the fluidized bed region; and wherein a diameter of the fluidized bed region is greater than a diameter of the motive bed region; circulating at least a portion of the olefin, the catalyst, and the polyolefin through the fluidized bed region and the motive bed region; maintaining a dense-phase fluidized bed within the fluidized bed region; recovering polyolefin from the fluidized bed region, is provided. A reactor system directed to the process is also provided.

Reactor systems and processes for using the same

Reactor systems and processes for using the same

A process for the polymerization of olefin's, including: introducing an olefin and a polymerization catalyst into a polymerization reactor to form a polyolefin, the polymerization reactor including: a fluidized bed region having a top and a bottom; and a motive bed region; wherein a first end of the motive bed region is fluidly connected to the top of the fluidized bed region; and wherein a second end of the motive bed region is fluidly connected to the bottom of the fluidized bed region; and wherein a diameter of the fluidized bed region is greater than a diameter of the motive bed region; circulating at least a portion of the olefin, the catalyst, and the polyolefin through the fluidized bed region and the motive bed region; maintaining a dense-phase fluidized bed within the fluidized bed region; recovering polyolefin from the fluidized bed region, is provided. A reactor system directed to the process is also provided.

Reactor systems and processes for using the same

A process for the polymerization of olefin's, including: introducing an olefin and a polymerization catalyst into a polymerization reactor to form a polyolefin, the polymerization reactor including: a fluidized bed region having a top and a bottom; and a motive bed region; wherein a first end of the motive bed region is fluidly connected to the top of the fluidized bed region; and wherein a second end of the motive bed region is fluidly connected to the bottom of the fluidized bed region; and wherein a diameter of the fluidized bed region is greater than a diameter of the motive bed region; circulating at least a portion of the olefin, the catalyst, and the polyolefin through the fluidized bed region and the motive bed region; maintaining a dense-phase fluidized bed within the fluidized bed region; recovering polyolefin from the fluidized bed region, is provided. A reactor system directed to the process is also provided.

Polymerization reaction system

Circulating fluidized bed reactor

A continuous gas phase circulating bed reactor, including: a riser for contacting a catalyst and a first gas composition comprising an olefin to form a polyolefin under fast-fluidization regime or a dilute-phase pneumatic conveying regime conditions; a downer for contacting the catalyst and a second gas composition comprising an olefin to form additional polyolefin under fast fluidization regime or a dilute-phase pneumatic conveying regime conditions; and a transport section for conveying at least a portion of the catalyst, polyolefin, and additional polyolefin from the downer to the riser. Also disclosed is a polymerization process using such a circulating bed reactor.

Circulating fluidized bed reactor

Reactor de lecho fluidizado circulante.

Un reactor de lecho circulante en fase de gas continuo, incluyendo: un tubo ascendente para poner en contacto un catalizador y una primera composición de gas comprendiendo una olefina para formar una poliolefina bajo condiciones de régimen de fluidización rápida o régimen de transporte neumático en fase diluida; un tubo descendente para poner en contacto al catalizador y una segunda composición de gas comprendiendo una olefina para formar poliolefina adicional bajo condiciones de régimen de fluidización rápida o régimen de transporte neumático en fase diluida; y una sección de transporte para transportar por lo menos una porción del catalizador, poliolefina, y poliolefina adicional a partir del tubo descendente al tubo ascendente. También divulgado es un proceso de polimerización usando tal un reactor de lecho circulante.

Circulating fluidized bed reactor

A continuous gas phase circulating bed reactor, including: a riser for contacting a catalyst and a first gas composition comprising an olefin to form a polyolefin under fast-fluidization regime or a dilute-phase pneumatic conveying regime conditions; a downer for contacting the catalyst and a second gas composition comprising an olefin to form additional polyolefin under fast fluidization regime or a dilute-phase pneumatic conveying regime conditions; and a transport section for conveying at least a portion of the catalyst, polyolefin, and additional polyolefin from the downer to the riser. Also disclosed is a polymerization process using such a circulating bed reactor.

Circulating fluidized bed reactor

A continuous gas phase circulating bed reactor, including: a riser for contacting a catalyst and a first gas composition comprising an olefin to form a polyolefin under fast-fluidization regime or a dilute-phase pneumatic conveying regime conditions; a downer for contacting the catalyst and a second gas composition comprising an olefin to form additional polyolefin under fast fluidization regime or a dilute-phase pneumatic conveying regime conditions; and a transport section for conveying at least a portion of the catalyst, polyolefin, and additional polyolefin from the downer to the riser. Also disclosed is a polymerization process using such a circulating bed reactor.

polymerization reaction system

Method for polymerizing polypropylene

The present disclosure relates to a method for polymerizing polypropylene, optionally with one or more additional comonomers in a gas phase reactor in the presence of a mixed electron donor system comprising at least one selectivity control agent and at least one activity limiting agent. The process involves controlling the polymerization process to ensure that the difference between the reactor temperature and the dew point temperature of the incoming monomer stream is 12°C or greater.

Metodo para la polimerizacion de polipropileno.

La presente descripción se refiere a un método para la polimerización de polipropileno, opcionalmente con uno o más comonómeros adicionales en un reactor de fase de gas en presencia de un sistema de donador de electrones mixto que comprende por lo menos un agente de control de selectividad y por lo menos un agente limitante de actividad. El proceso implica controlar el proceso de polimerización para asegurar que la diferencia entre la temperatura del reactor y la temperatura del punto de rocío de la corriente de monómero entrante sea 12°C o mayor.

Gas-phase polymerization process having multiple flow regimes

THE PRESENT INVENTION RELATES TO AN IMPROVEMENT FOR GAS PHASE OLEFIN POLYMERIZATION PROCESS UNDER TWO OR MORE DIFFERENT FLOW REGIMES. THE PROCESS INVOLVES ADDING A MIXED ELECTRON DONOR SYSTEM TO A REACTOR HAVING TWO OR MORE DIFFERENT FLOW REGIMES, WHEREIN THE MIXED ELECTRON DONOR SYSTEM COMPRISES AT LEAST ONE SELECTIVITY CONTROL AGENT AND AT LEAST ONE ACTIVITY LIMITING AGENT. THE INVENTION IS PARTICULARLY WELL SUITED FOR REACTOR SYSTEMS WHICH INCLUDE A REGIME CHARACTERIZED BY HAVING A LOW-VELOCITY OR HIGH-SOLID HOLDUP, WHICH HAVE BEEN REPORTED TO HAVE OPERATIONAL PROBLEMS SUCH AS PARTICLE AGGLOMERATION AND FORMATION OF POLYMER ?CHUNKS?. (NO SUITABLE

Flowable CVD Film Defect Reduction

Processing methods disclosed herein comprise forming a nucleation layer and a flowable chemical vapor deposition (FCVD) film on a substrate surface by exposing the substrate surface to a silicon-containing precursor and a reactant. By controlling at least one of a precursor/reactant pressure ratio, a precursor/reactant flow ratio and substrate temperature formation of miniature defects is minimized. Controlling at least one of the process parameters may reduce the number of miniature defects. The FCVD film can be cured by any suitable curing process to form a smooth FCVD film.

Recycle gas cooler systems for gas-phase polymerization processes

Disclosed herein are improvements in recycle gas cooler systems in gas-phase polymerization processes that reduce the tendency for cooler fouling, including a recycle gas cooler system comprising a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. One or more of the tubes of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger may have a flared tube inlet at the tube sheet. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger may also be coupled to a straight inlet pipe having a length that is either at least about 5 times the inner diameter of the straight inlet pipe or at least about 15 feet, whichever is greater.

Supported catalyst with improved flowability

Improved gas phase fluidized bed polymerization process using sonic cleaner with optimum design and operation

An improved process is provided for polymerization of olefin and/or diolefin polymer, using sonic cleaning devices, with optimum design and operation, to eliminate or reduce reactor fouling and/or sheeting.

Method of detecting and correcting local defluidization and channeling in fluidized-bed reactors for polymerization

A method is provided to monitor, detect and correct local defluidization and channeling in fluidized-bed reactors for polymerization of olefin and/or diolefin polymers. The detection is preferably conducted by (i) continuously and/or intermittently comparing a signal which is a function of the currently measured fluidization bulk density with a signal which is a function of the time-averaged baseline of fluidized bulk density.

process for polymerizing one or more olefins in a gas phase reactor and gas phase polymerization reactor

Rating polymerization processes

Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards methods for rating polymerization processes based upon a first cracking index value and a second cracking index value.

Proceso de polimerizacion de face gaseosa que tienen multiples regimenes de flujo.

La presente invención se refiere a una mejora para el proceso de polimerización de olefinas de fase gaseosa bajo dos o más regímenes de flujo diferentes. El proceso consiste en añadir un sistema mixto de donador de electrones a un reactor que tiene dos o más regímenes de flujo diferentes, en donde el sistema mixto de donador de electrones comprende al menos un agente de control de selectividad y al menos un agente limitante de actividad. La invención es particularmente adecuada para sistemas de reactor los cuales incluyen un régimen caracterizado por tener una alta retención de sólidos o de baja velocidad, la cual ha presentado problemas operativos tales como aglomeración de partículas y formación de "trozos" de polímeros.

Detection of dynamic fluidized bed level in a fluidized bed polymerization reactor using ultrasonic waves or microwaves

The dynamic fluidized-bed level in an olefin polymerization reactor is determined by radar or ultrasound waves. Echoes are processed to take into account the turbulence caused by bubbles, which can be as large as four meters in diameter, bursting on the surface, expelling resin particles into the freeboard above the dynamic fluidized-bed level.