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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 2932. Отображено 100.
26-01-2012 дата публикации

Process for preparing aromatics from methane

Номер: US20120022310A1
Автор: Annebart Engbert Wentink, Christian Schneider, Joana Coelho Tsou, Kati Bachmann, Sebastian Ahrens, Thomas Heidemann
Принадлежит: BASF SE

The present invention relates to a process for carrying out endothermic, heterogeneously catalyzed reactions in which the reaction of the starting materials is carried out in the presence of a mixture of inert heat transfer particles and catalyst particles, where the catalyst particles are regenerated in a nonoxidative atmosphere at regular intervals and the heat of reaction required is introduced by separating off the inert heat transfer particles, heating the heat transfer particles in a heating zone and recirculating the heated heat transfer particles to the reaction zone. The process of the invention is particularly suitable for the nonoxidative dehydroaromatization of C 1 -C 4 -aliphatics in the presence of zeolite-comprising catalysts.

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Номер записи: 1
28-06-2012 дата публикации

Apparatus for producing trichlorosilane and method for producing trichlorosilane

Номер: US20120164053A1
Автор: Mitsutoshi Narukawa
Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Materials Corp

An apparatus for producing trichlorosilane in which metallurgical grade silicon powder supplied to a reactor is reacted with hydrogen chloride gas while being fluidized by the hydrogen chloride gas, thereby discharging trichlorosilane generated by the reaction from the reactor, includes: a plurality of gas flow controlling members which are installed along a vertical direction in an annular shape R from an inner peripheral wall of the reactor in an internal space of the reactor; and a heat transfer tube which is installed along the vertical direction in the annular space R and through which a heating medium passes.

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Номер записи: 2
21-03-2013 дата публикации

Method Of Operating A Fluid Bed Reactor

Номер: US20130071293A1
Автор: Andre Peter Steynberg, Berthold Berend Breman, Derk Willem Frederik Brilman
Принадлежит: Individual

Method of operating a three-phase slurry reactor includes feeding at a low level at least one gaseous reactant into a vertically extending slurry body of solid particles suspended in a suspension liquid, the slurry body being contained in at least two vertically extending shafts housed within a common reactor shell, each shaft being divided into a plurality of vertically extending channels at least some of which are in slurry flow communication and the slurry body being present in at least some of the channels. The gaseous reactant is allowed to react as it passes upwardly through the slurry body present in at least some of the channels of the shafts, thereby to form a non-gaseous and/or a gaseous product. Gaseous product, if present, and/or unreacted gaseous reactant is allowed to disengage from the slurry body in a head space above the slurry body.

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Номер записи: 3
04-04-2013 дата публикации

Fcc reactor and riser design for short contact-time catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons

Номер: US20130084219A1
Автор: Alvin U. Chen, Christopher G. Smalley, Christopher S. Gurciullo, Edward Nicholas Jones, Phillip A. Deis, Robert F. Tammera
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co

The present invention is an improved design and operation of a short contact time Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Reactor wherein the upper internal riser and a lower internal riser are in fluid connection with one another and provide an improved disengaging zone for entraining the vapors from the dilute phase area of the FCC reactor. Detailed preferred embodiments include improvements over the prior art to the internal central riser, riser termination apparatus, cyclone separators, and a coke mitigation baffle system, as well as associated improved fluid catalytic cracking processes utilizing the novel reactor design.

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Номер записи: 4
27-06-2013 дата публикации

Fluid Bed Reactor with Staged Baffles

Номер: US20130165724A1
Автор: Christopher G. Smalley, Joseph S. Famolaro, LU Han, Mark Hagemeister, Masaaki Sugita, Rathna P. Davuluri, Robert G. TINGER
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc

The invention relates to a process of alkylating aromatic hydrocarbons, and more particularly a process of making paraxylene by alkylation of benzene and/or toluene with methanol and/or dimethyl ether, and to an apparatus for carrying out said process, the improvement comprising staged injection of one of the reactants, with the stages separated by structured packing so as to minimize at least one of gas phase back-mixing, by-pass phenomena, and gas bubble size.

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Номер записи: 5
07-11-2013 дата публикации

Catalytic Cracking Method and Apparatus

Номер: US20130292298A1
Автор: Baozhen Shi
Принадлежит: Individual

Disclosed are a catalytic cracking method and an apparatus for implementing the method. The catalytic cracking is carried out in a primary reactor and a secondary light material reactor, wherein in a first reaction region of the primary reactor, a regenerated catalyst contacts and reacts with a raw oil, the reaction mixture flows upward, and the catalyst is separated out by a separator; the separated catalyst flows to a stripping section, and the reacted oil gas flows upward along a delivery pipe and enters a second reaction region of the primary reactor; the catalyst to be regenerated from the secondary light material reactor enters the second reaction region of the primary reactor, and is mixed with the reacted oil gas from the first reaction region for further reaction; after the completion of the reaction, the oil gas is separated from the catalyst, and fed to a subsequent fractionation system, and the catalyst flows to the stripping section, is stripped together with the catalyst separated by the separator in the first reaction region, and enters a regenerator for regeneration. By using the apparatus and method disclosed herein, the production distribution and production quality are improved, the project investment is reduced, the energy consumption is lowered, and the implementation of the project is convenient.

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Номер записи: 6
12-12-2013 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DUAL FLUIDIZED BED GASIFICATION

Номер: US20130330240A1
Автор: APANEL George, WRIGHT Harold A.
Принадлежит: RENTECH, INC.

A system for production of high-quality syngas comprising a first dual fluidized bed loop having a fluid bed conditioner operable to produce high quality syngas comprising a first percentage of components other than carbon monoxide and hydrogen from a gas feed, wherein the conditioner comprises an outlet for a first catalytic heat transfer stream comprising a catalytic heat transfer material and having a first temperature, and an inlet for a second catalytic heat transfer stream comprising catalytic heat transfer material and having a second temperature greater than the first temperature; a fluid bed combustor operable to combust fuel and oxidant, wherein the fluid bed combustor comprises an inlet connected with the outlet for a first catalytic heat transfer stream of the conditioner, and an outlet connected with the inlet for a second catalytic heat transfer stream of the conditioner; and a catalytic heat transfer material. 1. A system for production of high-quality synthesis gas , the system comprising: a fluid bed conditioner operable to produce a high quality synthesis gas comprising a first percentage of components other than carbon monoxide and hydrogen from a gas feed, wherein the fluid bed conditioner comprises an outlet for a first catalytic heat transfer stream comprising a catalytic heat transfer material and having a first temperature, and an inlet for a second catalytic heat transfer stream comprising catalytic heat transfer material and having a second temperature that is greater than the first temperature;', 'a fluid bed combustor operable to combust fuel and oxidant introduced thereto, wherein the fluid bed combustor comprises an inlet fluidly connected with the outlet for a first catalytic heat transfer stream of the conditioner, and an outlet fluidly connected with the inlet for a second catalytic heat transfer stream of the fluid bed conditioner; and', 'a catalytic heat transfer material., 'a first dual fluidized bed loop comprising2. The system ...

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Номер записи: 7
19-12-2013 дата публикации

Process and apparatus for distributing hydrocarbon feed and catalyst

Номер: US20130334101A1
Автор: Sujay R. Krishnamurthy
Принадлежит: UOP LLC

A process and apparatus for fluid catalytic cracking feeds catalyst to a chamber of a riser. The catalyst exits the chamber and passes through a plenum and into a reaction zone through a plurality of tubes which distribute the catalyst uniformly over a cross section of the reaction zone of the riser. A hydrocarbon feed is fed to the plenum. The hydrocarbon feed passes from the plenum into the reaction zone through a plate comprising a multiplicity of openings which distribute the hydrocarbon feed uniformly over a cross section of the reaction zone of the riser. The feed is contacted with the catalyst in a reaction zone of the riser.

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Номер записи: 8
02-01-2014 дата публикации

Process and apparatus for distributing hydrocarbon feed to a catalyst stream

Номер: US20140001096A1
Автор: Lev Davydov, Mohammad-Reza Mostofi-Ashtiani, Paolo Palmas, Roger L. Throndson
Принадлежит: UOP LLC

A process and apparatus described is for distributing hydrocarbon feed to catalyst in a riser. Hydrocarbon feed is delivered to a plenum in the riser. Nozzles from the plenum inject feed into the riser to contact the catalyst. Streams of regenerated catalyst and carbonized catalyst may be passed to the riser and mixed around an insert in a lower section of a riser. The plenum may be located in the riser.

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Номер записи: 9
06-02-2014 дата публикации

CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED WITH MOVING BED DOWNCOMERS AND GAS SEALING BETWEEN REACTORS

Номер: US20140034134A1
Автор: Cocco Raymond A., Fan Liang-Shih, FINDLAY John G., Karri Surya B.R., Knowlton Ted M., Li Fanxing, Tong Andrew S., WANG FEI
Принадлежит: The Ohio State University

A system and process for carrying out one or more chemical reactions are provided and include one or more chemical reactors having particulate solids forming a bed therein, and a gas stripping zone forming a non-mechanical seal between said reactors which includes a conduit connecting the reactors. The conduit includes an inlet for a stripping gas which is adapted to prevent process gas from passing between reactors while permitting particulate solids to pass between reactors. 1. A system for carrying out one or more chemical reactions comprising:a first chemical reactor having an inlet and an outlet for particulate solids, said particulate solids forming a bed in said first reactor, said outlet including a transition zone which narrows the internal diameter of said first reactor, said first reactor including an inlet for a solid or gaseous reactant and an outlet for a process gas;a second chemical reactor having an inlet and an outlet for particulate solids, said particulate solids forming a bed in said second reactor, said second reactor including an inlet for a solid or gaseous reactant and an outlet for a process gas; anda first gas stripping zone forming a non-mechanical seal between said first and second reactors comprising a conduit connecting said first reactor with said second reactor, said conduit including a first end communicating with the solids outlet of said first chemical reactor and a second end communicating with the solids inlet of said second reactor, said first end of said conduit including an inlet for a stripping gas located between said first and second ends, said gas stripping zone adapted to prevent process gas from said first reactor from entering said second reactor while permitting said particulate solids to pass from said first reactor into said second reactor;a third chemical reactor communicating with said second chemical reactor, said third reactor having an inlet and an outlet for particulate solids, said particulate solids forming ...

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Номер записи: 10
03-01-2019 дата публикации

Mixing tee assembly and process

Номер: US20190001283A1
Автор: Charles Jeffrey Witemyre
Принадлежит: Floworks International LLC

A mixing tee assembly suitable for phosphate acid attack reaction is described. The mixing tee assembly comprises an outer pipe having a mixing end and a tee end, wherein a tee structure is formed near the tee end to connect with additional piping; an inner pipe comprising a nozzle end connected to a nozzle and a open end; wherein the inner pipe is lined with a corrosion-resistant material on its inside surface; wherein when the inner pipe is assembled within the outer pipe, the nozzle extends beyond the mixing end of the outer pipe by at least ⅓ of the inside diameter of the outer pipe.

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Номер записи: 11
03-01-2019 дата публикации

Method and device for the heat treatment of granular solids

Номер: US20190001291A1
Автор: Gasafi Edgar, Reeb Bernd, Stegemann Bertold
Принадлежит:

A method for the heat treatment of granular solids includes initially introducing solids into a first reactor configured as a flash reactor or fluidized bed reactor where they are brought into contact with hot gases at temperatures in the range 500° C. to 1500° C. Next, the solids are passed through a residence time reactor in which they are fluidized. The residence time reactor is configured in a manner such that it has various regions which are separated from one another, from which the solid can be withdrawn in a manner such that it is provided with a variety of residence times in the residence time reactor. 1. A method for the heat treatment of granular solids , wherein the solids are initially introduced into a first reactor configured as a flash reactor or fluidized bed reactor where they are brought into contact with hot gases at temperatures in the range 500° C. to 1500° C. , and wherein the solids are then guided through a residence time reactor in which they are fluidized , wherein the residence time reactor is configured in a manner such that it is provided with various mutually separated regions from which the solid is separately removed in a manner such that it has a residence time in the residence time reactor which is of a variable duration , wherein removal from the various regions of the residence time reactor is carried out in a manner such that not all of the regions are fluidized , wherein the fluidized regions are fluidically connected in succession , whereby specific downstream regions are no longer fluidized and therefore actively removed.2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein solid is actively removed from at least one region.3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fluidized bed reactor is provided with a circulating fluidized bed.4. The method as claimed claim 1 , wherein the air is used as the fluidizing gas in the residence time reactor.5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the residence time in the first reactor ...

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Номер записи: 12
07-01-2021 дата публикации

FCC YIELD SELECTIVITY IMPROVEMENTS IN HIGH CONTAINMENT RISER TERMINATION SYSTEMS

Номер: US20210002559A1
Автор: Larsen Nikolas, Sexton Jeff
Принадлежит:

The invention provides an improved system for separation technology intended to reduce unwanted catalyst/thermal reactions by minimizing contact of the hydrocarbons and the catalyst within the reactor. 1. The process for increasing hydrocarbon yield and decreasing coke production in an FCC reactor having a separation unit and at least one chamber window , wherein the bottom of the separation unit is spaced apart from a bed of fluidized catalyst , comprising the step of locating the bed of fluidized catalyst level in the FCC reactor such that the bed of fluidized catalyst is directly above the at least one chamber windows of the separation unit.2. The process of wherein the catalyst bed level falls within the range of 125 IWC to 170 IWC.3. The process of wherein the catalyst bed density is 32.8 lbs/ftat an operating level of 125 IWC at an elevation of 164 ft.4. The process of wherein the catalyst bed density is 36.9 lbs/ftat an operating level of 140 IWC at an elevation of 164 ft.5. The process of wherein the catalyst bed density is 41 lbs/ftat an operating level of 150 IWC at an elevation of 164 ft.6. The process of wherein the catalyst bed density is 45.1 lbs/ftat an operating level of 170 IWC at an elevation of 164 ft.7. The process of wherein the distance between the bottom of the separation unit and the top of the catalyst bed is maximized to prevent fluidized catalyst from entering the bottom of the separator unit.8. The process of wherein fluidized catalyst is prevented from entering the separation unit by means of a baffle member positioned between the bottom of the separation unit and the top of the fluidized bed.9. The process of wherein hydrocarbon gases evacuate from the fluidized bed after residence in the catalyst through at least one vent tube which carry the clean hydrocarbon gases directly to the top region of the separator unit.10. A process for increasing hydrocarbon yield and decreasing coke production in an FCC reactor having a separation unit ...

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Номер записи: 13
07-01-2021 дата публикации

FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING PROCESSES AND APPARATUS

Номер: US20210002564A1
Автор: Chen Liang, Liu Zan, Loezos Peter, Marri Rama Rao, Tomsula Bryan
Принадлежит: LUMMUS TECHNOLOGY LLC

Apparatus and processes herein provide for converting hydrocarbon feeds to light olefins and other hydrocarbons. The processes and apparatus include a conventional riser reactor in combination with a mixed flow (e.g., including both counter-current and co-current catalyst flows) fluidized bed reactor designed for maximizing light olefins production. The effluents from the riser reactor and mixed flow reactor are processed in a catalyst disengagement vessel, and the catalysts used in each reactor may be regenerated in a common catalyst regeneration vessel. Further, integration of the two-reactor scheme with a catalyst cooler provides a refinery the flexibility of switching the operation between the two-reactor flow scheme, a catalyst cooler only flow scheme, or using both simultaneously. 1. A system for processing hydrocarbons , comprising:a riser reactor configured to contact a mixture of first particles and second particles with a hydrocarbon feedstock to convert at least a portion of the hydrocarbon feedstock and to recover a riser reactor effluent comprising mixed hydrocarbons and the mixture of the first and second particles, wherein the first particle has a smaller average particle size and/or is less dense than the second particle, and wherein the first particle and second particle may independently be catalytic or non-catalytic particles; an overhead product line for recovering from the reactor a reactor effluent comprising first particles, a first portion of the second particles, and hydrocarbons;', 'a bottoms product line for recovering from the reactor a second stream comprising a second portion of the second particles;, 'a reactor configured to contact a mixture comprising the first particles and the second particles with a second hydrocarbon feedstock to convert at least a portion of the second hydrocarbon feedstock, wherein the reactor is fluidly connected toa particle separator configured to separate second particles from the reactor effluent, and to ...

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Номер записи: 14
03-01-2019 дата публикации

Sustainable Oxygen Carriers for Chemical Looping Combustion with Oxygen Uncoupling and Methods for Their Manufacture

Номер: US20190003704A1
Автор: Anita Skulimowska, Asunción ARANDA
Принадлежит: Institutt for Energiteknikk IFE

An oxygen carrier (OC) for use in Chemical Looping technology with Oxygen Uncoupling (CLOU) for the combustion of carbonaceous fuels, in which commercial grade metal oxides selected from the group consisting of Cu, Mn, and Co oxides and mixtures thereof constitute a primary oxygen carrier component. The oxygen carrier contains, at least, a secondary oxygen carrier component which is comprised by low-value industrial materials which already contain metal oxides selected from the group consisting of Cu, Mn, Co, Fe, Ni oxides or mixtures thereof. The secondary oxygen carrier component has a minimum oxygen carrying capacity of 1 g of O2 per 100 g material in chemical looping reactions. Methods for the manufacture of the OC are also disclosed.

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Номер записи: 15
09-01-2020 дата публикации

FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MAXIMIZING LIGHT OLEFIN YIELD AND OTHER APPLICATIONS

Номер: US20200009523A1
Автор: Breckenridge Justin, Chen Liang, Dorsey Michael, Hood Jon A., Loezos Peter, Marri Rama Rao, Singh Hardik, Tomsula Bryan
Принадлежит: LUMMUS TECHNOLOGY INC.

Apparatus and processes herein provide for converting hydrocarbon feeds to light olefins and other hydrocarbons. The processes and apparatus include, in some embodiments, feeding a hydrocarbon, a first catalyst and a second catalyst to a reactor, wherein the first catalyst has a smaller average particle size and is less dense than the second catalyst. A first portion of the second catalyst may be recovered as a bottoms product from the reactor, and a cracked hydrocarbon effluent, a second portion of the second catalyst, and the first catalyst may be recovered as an overhead product from the reactor. The second portion of the second catalyst may be separated from the overhead product, providing a first stream comprising the first catalyst and the hydrocarbon effluent and a second stream comprising the separated second catalyst, allowing return of the separated second catalyst in the second stream to the reactor. 1. A process for the conversion of hydrocarbons , comprising:feeding a mixture of first particles and second particles from a regenerator to a transport vessel or riser reactor, wherein the first particles have a smaller average particle size and/or are less dense than the second particles, and wherein the first particles and second particles may independently be catalytic or non-catalytic particles;feeding a reactive and/or non-reactive carrier fluid to the transport vessel or riser reactor;recovering an overhead product from the transport vessel/riser reactor comprising the carrier fluid and/or a reaction product of the carrier fluid, the second particles, and the first particles; a housing;', 'a solids separation device disposed within the housing for separating the second particles from the overhead product to provide a first stream, comprising the first particles and the carrier fluid and/or a reaction product of the carrier fluid, and a second stream, comprising the separated second particles;', 'one or more cyclones disposed within the housing for ...

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Номер записи: 16
03-02-2022 дата публикации

NAPHTHA CATALYTIC CRACKING CATALYST, CATALYTIC CRACKING METHOD AND REACTION DEVICE

Номер: US20220033713A1
Автор: LI Chunyi, Li Hui, MAO Kaitian, PANG Chuntian, ZHANG Lingyun, Zhang Xiaoyu, ZHANG YING
Принадлежит:

A method for catalytic cracking of naphtha is provided. Naphtha is catalytically cracked under the action of a catalyst. The catalyst includes aluminosilicate, alkali metal oxide, alkaline earth metal oxide, TiO, iron oxide, vanadium oxide and nickel oxide. On the other hand, a rapid separation component is arranged in a disengager of a catalytic cracking reaction device, so that a transport disengaging height is greatly reduced without changing a gas flow and a diameter of the disengager. In addition, the separation efficiency of oil gas and the catalyst is improved. 1. A method for catalytic cracking of naphtha , comprising:{'b': '1', 'S: delivering a catalyst in a pre-lift pipe through a regenerator sloped pipe and to flow upward under the action of a pre-lift medium to enter a dense phase section of a reactor,'}feeding a feedstock containing naphtha into the reactor tangentially upward through a nozzle located at a bottom of the dense phase section of the reactor;feeding the feedstock, by the nozzle of the reactor, along a tangential direction of a circular cross-sectional of the dense phase section of the reactor at an angle of 10-90° to a vertical direction;{'b': '2', 'S: enabling oil gas and the catalyst from a riser pipe to enter a settler of a reaction device,'}enabling the oil gas from the disengager to enter a separation system, and enabling the catalyst to flow out through a conveying part of a cyclone to fall into a settler stripping section;{'b': '3', 'S: stripping the catalyst, enabling the catalyst stripped to enter a regenerator through a spent sloped pipe, and heating the catalyst in the regenerator; and'}{'b': '4', 'S: enabling the catalyst to enter a disengager section of the regenerator to fall into a stripping section of the disengager section of the regenerator and enter a degassing tank, and'}stripping the catalyst in the degassing tank and enabling the catalyst stripped to return to the reactor through the regenerator sloped pipe.2. The ...

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Номер записи: 17
03-02-2022 дата публикации

METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR PROCESSING HYDROCARBONS TO PRODUCE LIGHT OLEFINS

Номер: US20220033714A1
Автор: Al-Daous Mohammed Abdulmajeed, AL-MAJNOUNI Khalid A., Ali Ola S., Almasri Abdulrahman Faroug, Alrefaei Ahmad, Osorio Isidoro Morales
Принадлежит:

Light olefins may be produced from hydrocarbons by a method including passing a hydrocarbon feed stream into a feed inlet of a reactor. The reactor may include an upper reactor portion defining an upper reaction zone and a lower reactor portion defining a lower reaction zone. The catalyst may move in a generally downward direction through the upper reactor portion and the lower reactor portion, and the hydrocarbon feed stream may move in a generally upward direction through the upper reactor portion and lower reactor portion such that the hydrocarbon feed stream and the catalyst move with a counter-current orientation. Contacting the catalyst with the hydrocarbon feed stream may crack one or more components of the hydrocarbon feed stream and form a hydrocarbon product stream. The method may further include passing the hydrocarbon product stream out of the upper reaction zone through the hydrocarbon product outlet. 1. A method for processing hydrocarbons to produce light olefins , the method comprising: an upper reactor portion defining an upper reaction zone, the upper reactor portion comprising a catalyst inlet and a hydrocarbon product outlet, wherein the catalyst inlet and the hydrocarbon product outlet are positioned at or near the top of the upper reactor portion; and', 'a lower reactor portion defining a lower reaction zone, the lower reactor portion comprising a feed inlet and a catalyst outlet, wherein feed inlet and the catalyst outlet are positioned at or near the bottom of the lower reactor portion, and wherein the lower reaction zone is in fluid communication with and adjacent to the upper reaction zone; and', the catalyst moves in a generally downward direction through the upper reactor portion and the lower reactor portion and the hydrocarbon feed stream moves in a generally upward direction through the upper reactor portion and lower reactor portion such that the hydrocarbon feed stream and the catalyst move with a counter-current orientation;', 'the ...

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Номер записи: 18
17-01-2019 дата публикации

DEVICE FOR GAS SOLIDS FLUIDIZED SYSTEM TO ENHANCE STRIPPING

Номер: US20190015808A1
Автор: Gbordzoe Eusebius Anku, Maller Alexander
Принадлежит: Technip Process Technology, Inc.

A device for the intimate mixing of solid particles and a gaseous medium within a gas-solid fluidized bed, comprising a plurality corrugated and/or ribbed planar stanchions arranged in alternating intersecting planes that provide a plurality of open spaces between or adjacent the alternating intersecting planar stanchions. The element has a three-dimensional lattice configuration and the corrugated and/or ribbed planar stanchions are formed from metal having peaks and valleys or ribs, such that the peaks and valleys or ribs are angled at less than 90 degrees from the fall-line of the planar stanchion when assembled into the element. The angled peaks and valleys or ribs form channels that enhance lateral movement of catalyst particles into the spaces between the stanchions to provide improved vapor/solids mixing and contact. 1. A gas-solid fluidized bed comprising: a vessel having a shell and an open internal region within the shell; at least one ripple packing element positioned within the open internal region and comprising a plurality corrugated and/or ribbed planar stanchions arranged in alternating intersecting planes that provide a plurality of open spaces between or adjacent the alternating intersecting planar stanchions , the ripple packing element having a three-dimensional lattice configuration; solid particles within the ripple packing element; and at least one gas stream flowing counter-currently to the solid particles through the ripple packing element and causing fluidization of the solid particles within the ripple packing element to form the gas-solid fluidized bed.2. The gas-solid fluidized bed of claim 1 , wherein the corrugated planar stanchions comprise peaks and valleys arranged longitudinally or laterally or a combination of both.3. The gas-solid fluidized bed of claim 2 , wherein the peaks and valleys are angled at less than 90 degrees from the fall-line of said planar stanchion when assembled into the ripple packing element.4. The gas-solid ...

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Номер записи: 19
11-02-2016 дата публикации

SYSTEMS, METHODS AND DEVICES FOR THE CAPTURE AND HYDROGENATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE WITH THERMOCHEMICAL Cu-Cl AND Mg-Cl-Na/K-CO2 CYCLES

Номер: US20160039724A1
Автор: Naterer Greg, Wang Zhaolin
Принадлежит:

Systems, methods, and devices for producing hydrogen and capturing CO2 from emissions combine both H2 production and CO2 capture processes in forms of thermochemical cycles to produce useful products from captured CO2. The thermochemical cycles are copper-chlorine (Cu—Cl) and magnesium-chlorine-sodium/potassium cycles (Mg—CI—Na/K—CO2). One system comprises a Cu—Cl cycle, a CO2 capture loop, and a hydrogenation cycle. Another system comprises an Mg—CI—Na/K—CO2 cycle and a hydrogenation cycle. Devices for hydrogen production, CO2 capture, hydrogenation, and process and equipment integration include a two-stage fluidized/packed bed, hybrid two-stage spray-fluidized/packed bed reactor, a two-stage wet-mode absorber, a hybrid two-stage absorber, and a catalyst packed/fluidized bed reactor. 1. A system for hydrogen production , CO2 capture and production of carbon based compounds , the system comprising:a copper-chlorine (Cu—Cl) cycle;a CO2 capture loop; anda hydrogenation cycle,wherein the Cu—Cl cycle, the CO2 capture loop and the hydrogenation cycle are integratedan electolyzer for receiving CuCl (s);a spray dryer for receiving CuCl2 (aq) from the electrolyzer;a hydrolysis reactor for receiving CuCl2 (s) from the spray dryer;a copper oxychloride decomposition reactor for receiving CuO and CuCl (s) from the hydrolysis reactor; anda CO2 capture apparatus wherein CO2 is captured from the mixture of CO2, N2, and H2O,wherein the spray dryer provides hydrated slurry of CuCl2 to the CO2 capture device and returns clear CuCl2 solution to the electrolyzer, the CO2 capture device providing anhydrous CuCl2 to the hydrolysis reactor.2. (canceled)3. A system according to claim 1 , wherein the CO2 capture device provides water vapour and N2 to a unit for separating the water vapour and the N2 and for providing water input to the Cu—Cl cycle.4. A system according to claim 1 , wherein the CO2 capture apparatus is selected from the group consisting of a dry-mode absorber claim 1 , a wet ...

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Номер записи: 20
24-02-2022 дата публикации

FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MAXIMIZING LIGHT OLEFIN YIELD AND OTHER APPLICATIONS

Номер: US20220055005A1
Автор: Breckenridge Justin, Chen Liang, Dorsey Michael, Hood Jon A., Loezos Peter, Marri Rama Rao, Singh Hardik, Tomsula Bryan
Принадлежит: LUMMUS TECHNOLOGY LLC

Apparatus and processes herein provide for converting hydrocarbon feeds to light olefins and other hydrocarbons. The processes and apparatus include, in some embodiments, feeding a hydrocarbon, a first catalyst and a second catalyst to a reactor, wherein the first catalyst has a smaller average particle size and is less dense than the second catalyst. A first portion of the second catalyst may be recovered as a bottoms product from the reactor, and a cracked hydrocarbon effluent, a second portion of the second catalyst, and the first catalyst may be recovered as an overhead product from the reactor. The second portion of the second catalyst may be separated from the overhead product, providing a first stream comprising the first catalyst and the hydrocarbon effluent and a second stream comprising the separated second catalyst, allowing return of the separated second catalyst in the second stream to the reactor. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. An integrated disengagement vessel comprising:a housing;a solids separation device disposed within the housing for separating a hydrocarbon stream comprising a hydrocarbon fraction, a second particles, and a first particles into a first stream, comprising the first particles and the hydrocarbon fraction, and a second stream, comprising the separated second particles;one or more cyclones disposed within the housing for separating the first stream to recover a solids fraction, comprising the first particles, and a vapor fraction, comprising the hydrocarbon fraction;an internal vessel disposed within the housing for receiving the second stream comprising the separated second particles;an annular region between the housing and the internal vessel for receiving the solids fraction comprising the first particles;a vapor outlet for recovering the vapor fraction.7. The system of claim 6 , further comprising a flow line for feeding the solids fraction from the annular region to a regenerator.8. The ...

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Номер записи: 21
01-05-2014 дата публикации

Fluidized bed reactor and process for producing olefins from oxygenates

Номер: US20140121434A1
Автор: Chang ZHU, FEI Wei, Xiaobo Wei, Yao Wang
Принадлежит: Fude (beijing) Chemical & Industry Co Ltd, TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY

The present invention provides a fluidized bed reactor and its use for producing olefins from oxygenates, the fluidized bed reactor comprises: a reaction zone located in the lower portion of the fluidized bed reactor and comprising a lower dense phase zone and an upper riser, wherein the dense phase zone and the riser are connected with each other transitionally; a separation zone located in the upper portion of the fluidized bed reactor and comprising a settling chamber, a fast gas-solid separation means, a cyclone and a gas collecting chamber, wherein the riser extends upwardly into the separation zone and is connected at its outlet with the inlet of the fast gas-solid separation means, the fast gas-solid separation means is connected at its outlet with the inlet of the cyclone via a fast gas passage, the cyclone is connected at its outlet with the gas collecting chamber, and the gas collecting chamber is located below the reactor outlet and connected therewith; and a catalyst recycle line for recycling the catalyst from the settling chamber back to the dense phase zone, a catalyst withdrawl line for withdrawing the deactivated catalyst from the settling chamber and/or the dense phase zone to the catalyst regeneration means, and a catalyst return line for returning the regenerated catalyst from the catalyst regeneration means to the dense phase zone.

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Номер записи: 22
13-02-2020 дата публикации

CHEMICAL REACTION METHOD USING CHEMICAL REACTION APPARATUS

Номер: US20200047148A1
Автор: ISHIZUKA Akinori, MOMOTA Kunitaka, Tsukahara Yasunori, YOSHINO Iwao
Принадлежит: Microwave Chemical Co., Ltd.

A chemical reaction method includes preparing a chemical reaction apparatus including a horizontal flow reactor partitioned into multiple chambers by multiple partition plates. A liquid content horizontally flows with an unfilled space provided thereabove. a microwave generator and a waveguide that transmits microwaves to the unfilled space are also included. The reactor is inclined such that, in each of the chambers, a weir height on an inlet side is higher than a weir height on an outlet side by at least an overflow depth at the partition plate on the outlet side. The content is flowed over each of the multiple partition plates inside the reactor. The content flowing inside the reactor is irradiated with microwaves. The inclination angle of the reactor is changed in each of the chambers so that a weir height on an inlet side is higher than a weir height on an outlet side. 1. A chemical reaction method comprising: a horizontal flow reactor inside of which has been partitioned into multiple chambers by multiple partition plates, and a liquid content horizontally flows with an unfilled space being provided thereabove,', 'a microwave generator that generates microwaves, and', 'at least one waveguide that transmits the microwaves generated by the microwave generator to the unfilled space in the reactor,', 'wherein one or more weirs that are flow paths of the content are formed in an upper portion of each of the partition plates;, 'preparing a chemical reaction apparatus including'}inclining the reactor such that, in each of the chambers, a weir height on an inlet side is higher than a weir height on an outlet side by at least an overflow depth at the partition plate on the outlet side;flowing the content over each of the multiple partition plates inside the reactor;irradiating the content flowing inside the reactor with microwaves; andchanging an inclination angle of the reactor within a range in which, in each of the chambers, a weir height on an inlet side is higher ...

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Номер записи: 23
03-03-2016 дата публикации

CATALYST REGENERATORS AND METHODS FOR REGENERATING CATALYSTS

Номер: US20160059198A1
Автор: Makhania Minaz, Panchal Dharmesh Chunilal, Walker Patrick D.
Принадлежит:

Catalyst regenerators and methods of their use are provided. A method includes combusting coke from the catalyst in a second stage regenerator to produce a second flue gas, where the second stage regenerator includes a second combustion chamber and a top having a top cross-sectional area. The coke is partially combusted from the catalyst in a first stage regenerator with a first combustion chamber having a first combustion chamber cross-sectional area greater than the top cross-sectional area. The first stage regenerator is positioned above the top of the second stage regenerator. The first combustion chamber includes a cylindrical section directly over the top and an annular section surrounding the cylindrical section. The second flue gas is vented into the first stage regenerator through a vent tube, and a portion of the second flue gas is dispersed into the annular section of the first combustion chamber. 1. A method of regenerating a catalyst comprising the steps of:combusting coke from the catalyst in a second stage regenerator to produce a second flue gas, wherein the second stage regenerator comprises a second combustion chamber and a top with a top cross-sectional area;partially combusting the coke from the catalyst in a first stage regenerator, wherein the first stage regenerator comprises a first combustion chamber with a first combustion chamber cross-sectional area greater than the top cross-sectional area, wherein the first stage regenerator is positioned above the second stage regenerator, and wherein the top separates the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber such that the first combustion chamber comprises a cylindrical section directly over the top and an annular section surrounding the cylindrical section;venting the second flue gas into the first stage regenerator through a vent tube, wherein the vent tube comprises a discharge point; anddispersing a portion of the second flue gas into the annular section of the first ...

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Номер записи: 24
01-03-2018 дата публикации

MICROCHEMICAL SYSTEM APPARATUS AND RELATED METHODS OF FABRICATION

Номер: US20180056292A1
Автор: Kwon Patrick, Yeom Junghoon
Принадлежит:

The disclosure relates to microchemical (or microfluidic) apparatus as well as related methods for making the same. The methods generally include partial sintering of sintering powder (e.g., binderless or otherwise free-flowing sintering powder) that encloses a fugitive phase material having a shape corresponding to a desired cavity structure in the formed apparatus. Partial sintering removes the fugitive phase and produces a porous compact, which can then be machined if desired and then further fully sintered to form the final apparatus. The process can produce apparatus with small, controllable cavities shaped as desired for various microchemical or microfluidic unit operations, with a generally smooth interior cavity finish, and with materials (e.g., ceramics) able to withstand harsh environments for such unit operations. 1. A method for forming a microchemical apparatus , the method comprising:(a) providing a first metal oxide powder;(b) placing a first fugitive phase material in the first metal oxide powder, the first fugitive phase material having a geometry corresponding to a negative cavity geometry in the formed microchemical apparatus;(c) placing a second metal oxide powder over the first metal oxide powder and over the first fugitive phase material;(d) partially sintering the first metal oxide powder and the second metal oxide powder at a temperature and pressure sufficient (i) to convert the first fugitive phase material to a gaseous material and (ii) to convert the first metal oxide powder and the second metal oxide powder to a porous, partially sintered compact, thereby allowing the gaseous material to escape from the partially sintered compact interior volume and forming an interior cavity within the partially sintered compact interior volume having a geometry corresponding to the original first fugitive phase material geometry;(e) optionally machining the partially sintered compact; and(f) fully sintering the partially sintered compact at a ...

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Номер записи: 25
04-03-2021 дата публикации

Internal, Fluidized Bed Reaction Apparatus, And Method For Manufacturing Trifluoromethyl Pyridine-Based Compound

Номер: US20210060510A1
Автор: OHTA Hiroyuki
Принадлежит:

An aspect of the present invention provides an internal and the like. The internal is easily handled and is capable of yielding a satisfactory defoaming effect. An internal () is used in a fluidized bed reaction device (), in which a first material and a second material are brought into contact with each other and reacted with each other. The internal () is attached to a ceiling part of the fluidized bed reaction device (), and includes a plurality of chains (). 1. An internal for use in a fluidized bed reaction device in which a first material and a second material different from the first material are brought into contact with each other and reacted with each other , the internal comprising a plurality of chains and being attached to a ceiling part of the fluidized bed reaction device.2. The internal as set forth in claim 1 , further comprising a connecting part which connects two or more of the plurality of chains.3. The internal as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the internal is detachably attached to the ceiling part.4. A fluidized bed reaction device claim 1 , comprising:a body filled with a second material;one or more inlet tubes for introducing, into the body, a first material which chemically reacts with the second material when brought into contact with the second material; andan internal including one or more chains which are hung inside the body.5. The fluidized bed reaction device as set forth in claim 4 , wherein claim 4 , in a case where the internal includes a plurality of chains claim 4 , the plurality of chains are arranged at substantially equal intervals.6. The fluidized bed reaction device as set forth in claim 5 , wherein the plurality of chains are provided such that 50 or more chains per square meter are present in a cross section of the body.7. The fluidized bed reaction device as set forth in claim 4 , wherein the internal has a first end attached to a ceiling part of the fluidized bed reaction device claim 4 , and a second end being on an ...

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Номер записи: 26
05-03-2015 дата публикации

SERIES-COUPLED FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR UNITS INCLUDING CYCLONIC PLENUM ASSEMBLIES AND RELATED METHODS OF HYDROFLUORINATION

Номер: US20150064090A1
Автор: Johnson Robert, Tung Hsueh Sung Harry, Yang Terris
Принадлежит: HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL INC.

Embodiments of a series-coupled fluidized bed reactor unit are provided. In one embodiment, the reactor unit includes primary and secondary reactors. The primary reactor includes a reaction vessel, a gas distributor fluidly coupled to the reaction vessel, and a cyclonic plenum assembly. The cyclonic plenum assembly includes a plenum assembly housing, which is fluidly coupled to the gas distributor and which has an annular sidewall; and a gas/solids inlet pipe, which fluidly couples a partially-reacted gas outlet of the secondary reactor to the plenum assembly housing. The gas/solids inlet pipe is tangentially positioned with respect to the annular sidewall of the plenum assembly housing to induce vortex flow within the plenum assembly housing of the partially-reacted gas received from the secondary fluidized bed reactor through the gas/solids inlet pipe to promote the cyclonic separation of entrained solids from the partially-reacted gas prior to entry into the gas distributor. 1. A series-coupled fluidized bed reactor unit , comprising:a secondary fluidized bed reactor having a partially-reacted gas outlet; a reaction vessel;', 'a gas distributor fluidly coupled to the reaction vessel; and', a plenum assembly housing fluidly coupled to the gas distributor and having an annular sidewall; and', 'a gas/solids inlet pipe fluidly coupling the partially-reacted gas outlet to the plenum assembly housing, the gas/solids inlet pipe tangentially positioned with respect to the annular sidewall of the plenum assembly housing to induce vortex flow within the plenum assembly housing of the partially-reacted gas received from the secondary fluidized bed reactor through the gas/solids inlet pipe to promote the cyclonic separation of entrained solids from the partially-reacted gas prior to entry into the gas distributor., 'a cyclonic plenum assembly, comprising], 'a primary fluidized bed reactor, comprising2. A series-coupled fluidized bed reactor unit according to wherein the gas/ ...

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Номер записи: 27
22-05-2014 дата публикации

Counter-Current Fluidized Bed Reactor for the Dehydrogenation of Olefins

Номер: US20140140895A1
Автор: Lev Davydov, Paolo Palmas, Wolfgang A. Spieker
Принадлежит: UOP LLC

A process and apparatus for the dehydrogenation of paraffins is presented. The process utilizes a reactor that includes a slower flow of catalyst through the reactor, with a counter current flow of gas through the catalyst bed. The catalyst is regenerated and distributed over the top of the catalyst bed, and travels through the bed with the aid of reactor internals to limit backmixing of the catalyst.

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Номер записи: 28
28-02-2019 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING POLYOLEFIN AND POLYOLEFIN PRODUCTION SYSTEM

Номер: US20190062465A1
Автор: FUNAOKA Shunpei, ITOGUCHI Satoshi, SURUVU Naganjaneyulu
Принадлежит:

A polyolefin production system is provided. The polyolefin production system includes a plurality of gas-phase polymerization tanks configured to polymerize an olefin gas to form a polyolefin, a compressor comprising an inlet and an outlet and being configured to compress a an olefin-containing gas, an individual gas feed line disposed at each of the gas-phase polymerization tanks and configured to guide the gas fed from the outlet of the compressor to each of the gas-phase polymerization tanks, an individual gas discharge line disposed at each of the gas-phase polymerization tanks and discharging the gas from each of the gas-phase polymerization tanks, and a first valve installed in each of the individual gas feed lines. 1. A polyolefin production system comprising:a plurality of gas-phase polymerization tanks configured to polymerize an olefin gas to form a polyolefin;a compressor comprising an inlet and an outlet and being configured to compress an olefin-containing gas;an individual gas feed line disposed at each of the gas-phase polymerization tanks, configured to guide the gas fed from the outlet of the compressor to each of the gas-phase polymerization tanks;an individual gas discharge line disposed at each of the gas-phase polymerization tanks, configured to discharge the gas from each of the gas-phase polymerization tanks; anda first valve installed in each of the individual gas feed lines.2. The polyolefin production system according to claim 1 , further comprising a particle transfer series line connecting the plurality of the gas-phase polymerization tanks in series.3. The polyolefin production system according to claim 1 , wherein the first valve is a butterfly valve or an eccentric rotary plug valve.4. The polyolefin production system according to claim 1 , further comprising a second valve installed in each of the individual gas discharge lines.5. The polyolefin production system according to claim 4 , wherein the second valve is a butterfly valve or ...

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Номер записи: 29
27-02-2020 дата публикации

DEVICE FOR TREATING PARTICLES IN A ROTATING FLUIDIZED BED

Номер: US20200061568A1
Автор: DE BROQUEVILLE Axel, DE WILDE Juray, TOURNEUR Thomas
Принадлежит:

Device for treating particles having a vortex chamber defined by end walls at both ends and a circular wall, a rotation imparting device with a fluid feeder arranged in a mainly tangential direction, a particle outlet and a central fluid outlet, an auxiliary chamber coaxially arranged with the vortex chamber defining a treating zone, which auxiliary chamber has a circular outer wall and an end wall and opens into the vortex chamber through an opening in the end wall of the vortex chamber opposite the central fluid outlet, a device for injecting particles coaxially into the treating zone, and a device for feeding a treating fluid into the treating zone in mainly axial direction, wherein the ratio of the area of the opening to the cross-sectional area of the vortex chamber is less than 0.50. 1. Device for treating particles , comprising a vortex chamber defined by end walls at both ends and a circular wall , a rotation imparting device comprising a fluid feeder arranged in a mainly tangential direction , a particle outlet and a central fluid outlet , an auxiliary chamber coaxially arranged with the vortex chamber defining a treating zone , which auxiliary chamber has a circular outer wall and an end wall and opens into the vortex chamber through an opening in the end wall of the vortex chamber opposite the central fluid outlet , a device for injecting particles coaxially into the treating zone , and a device for feeding a treating fluid into the treating zone in mainly axial direction , wherein the ratio of the area of the opening to the cross-sectional area of the vortex chamber is less than 0.50.2. Device according to claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the area of the opening to the cross-sectional area of the vortex chamber is less than 0.40 claim 1 , suitably in the range of from 0.04 to 0.25 and more suitably in the range of from 0.02 to 0.25.3. Device according to claim 1 , wherein the device for feeding treating fluid into the treating zone is arranged near the end ...

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Номер записи: 30
10-03-2016 дата публикации

REACTOR AND PROCESS FOR PARAFFIN DEHYDROGENATION TO OLEFINS

Номер: US20160068454A1
Автор: Baksh Faisal, Nawaz Zeeshan
Принадлежит:

Disclosed herein is a method and apparatus for dehydrogenation of a paraffin comprising: providing a dehydrogenation reactor comprising an integrated fluidized bed reactor and a regenerator reactor, wherein the integrated fluidized bed reactor has a first longitudinal axis and comprises an inner surface defining an interior space, wherein the regenerator reactor has a second longitudinal axis and is positioned at least partially within the interior space; activating a deactivated catalyst present in the regenerator reactor by performing a exothermic catalyst regeneration reaction to produce an activated catalyst and heat; transferring the heat to the integrated fluidized bed reactor; and dehydrogenating a paraffm present in the integrated fluidized bed reactor by performing an endothermic reaction with a catalyst, the paraffm, and at least a portion of the transferred heat to forma dehydrogenation product. 1. A method for dehydrogenation of a paraffin comprising:providing a dehydrogenation reactor comprising an integrated fluidized bed reactor and in-situ regenerator, wherein the integrated fluidized bed reactor has a first longitudinal axis and comprises an inner surface defining an interior space, wherein the in-situ regenerator has a second longitudinal axis and is positioned at least partially within the interior space;activating the deactivated catalyst by regeneration with any oxygen containing gas/fluid performing an exothermic reaction and transferring the heat to the integrated fluidized bed reactor for reaction; and dehydrogenation of paraffin present in the integrated fluidized bed reactor by performing an endothermic reaction, and at least a portion of the transferred heat to form a dehydrogenation products.2. (canceled)3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising transferring a deactivated catalyst from the integrated fluidized bed reactor to the in-situ regenerator.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising transferring the activated catalyst from ...

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Номер записи: 31
14-03-2019 дата публикации

STRUCTURED PACKING ELEMENT FORMED BY A FLAT PLATE PROVIDED WITH SLOTS AND RECESSES

Номер: US20190076816A1
Автор: LAMBERT Nicolas
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a structured packing element () having the shape of a rectangular flat plate, provided with slots () and recesses (). The slots () are intended for assembly by interlocking the structured packing elements together in order to form the structured packing. The recesses () are provided in order to form channels within the structured packing. 1. Structured packing element having the shape of a substantially rectangular flat plate , wherein the packing element comprises at least two slots for interlocking two packing elements inclined with respect to one another , and at least two recesses for forming channels within the structured packing , the slots and the recesses being distributed over both lengths of the flat plate symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the flat plate.2. Packing element according to claim 1 , in which the slots are substantially rectangular.3. Packing element according to claim 1 , in which the slots have a height h substantially equal to the thickness e of the flat plate.4. Packing element according to claim 1 , in which the recesses are substantially triangular.5. Packing element according to claim 1 , in which the recesses are arranged between two slots.6. Packing element according to claim 1 , in which the length L of the flat plate is comprised between 25 and 100 cm claim 1 , preferably between 45 and 55 cm.7. Packing element according to claim 1 , in which the width l of the flat plate is comprised between 3 and 15 cm claim 1 , preferably between 5 and 10 cm.8. Packing element according to claim 1 , in which the thickness e of the flat plate is comprised between 2 and 10 mm claim 1 , preferably between 4 and 8 mm.9. Packing element according to claim 1 , in which the distance d between two consecutive slots is comprised between 1 and 50 cm claim 1 , preferably between 10 and 30 cm.10121. Packing structure forming a volume comprising an arrangement of packing elements according to claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 32
23-03-2017 дата публикации

Process and apparatus for regenerating catalyst

Номер: US20170080413A1
Автор: II Richard A. Johnson, James W. Althoff, Mohammad-Reza Mostofi-Ashtiani, Paolo Palmas, Quan Yuan
Принадлежит: UOP LLC

A baffle is installed on the wall of a regenerator vessel to push catalyst away from the wall to ensure adequate exposure to regeneration gas and complete combustion of coke from the catalyst. We have found that in deep beds, catalyst can flow down the walls and escape sufficient exposure to regeneration gas and undergo too little regeneration.

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Номер записи: 33
01-04-2021 дата публикации

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR REMOVING POLYMER MATERIAL FROM A GAS-SOLIDS OLEFIN POLYMERIZATION REACTOR

Номер: US20210094008A1
Автор: Elovainio Erno, Kanellopoulos Vasileios, Nyfors Klaus, Prinsen Eric-Jan, Weickert Günter
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a process for removing polymer material from a gas-solids olefm polymerization reactor wherein the gas-solids olefm polymerization reactor is connected to the top part of an outlet vessel via a feed pipe wherein the powder surface of discharged polymer material and the barrier gas injection point are situated in the outlet vessel as such to fulfill the following criteria: R′=X/Y≤2.0; and R″=X/D≥1.0; wherein X=Distance between the powder surface and the barrier gas injection point; Y=Distance between the barrier gas injection point and the vessel outlet; and D=Equivalent outlet vessel diameter, an apparatus for continuously removing polymer material comprising a gas-solids olefm polymerization reactor, an outlet vessel and a feed pipe connecting the gas-solids olefm polymerization reactor with the top part of the outlet vessel and the use of said apparatus for polymerizing alpha-olefm homo- or copolymers having alpha-olefin monomer units of from 2 to 12 carbon atoms and for increasing the barrier gas efficiency of the gas-solids olefin reactor to at least 75%. 1. A process for removing polymer material from a gas-solid olefin polymerization reactor wherein the gas-solid olefin polymerization reactor is connected to the top part of an outlet vessel via a feed pipe , the process comprising the steps of:(i) discharging polymer material from the gas-solid olefin polymerization reactor via the feed pipe into the outlet vessel;(ii) establishing a powder surface of discharged polymer material within the outlet vessel in a section of the middle part of the outlet vessel;(iii) injecting barrier gas through a barrier gas injection point in a section of the bottom part of the outlet vessel below the powder surface;(iv) recovering polymer material from the outlet vessel through a vessel outlet in a section below the barrier gas injection point;characterized in that [{'br': None, 'i': 'R′=X/Y≤', '2.0;'}, {'br': None, 'and'}, {'br': None, 'i': 'R″= ...

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Номер записи: 34
01-04-2021 дата публикации

STRIPPER AND PACKING APPARATUSES

Номер: US20210094010A1
Автор: Carter Millard Alamath, Dharia Dilip, Ellis Roberto, Marchant Paul, Singh Raj Kanwar
Принадлежит:

A packing system includes a first packing element layer including a plurality of blades and a second packing element layer including a plurality of blades. The packing system includes intra-layer variation and/or inter-layer variation. Intra-layer variation includes (i) varying spacing between blades within the first and/or the second packing element layer, (ii) varying sizes of the blades within the first and/or the second packing element layer, and/or (iii) varying angle of inclination of the blades within the first and/or second packing element layer. Inter-layer variation includes the blades of the first packing layer having a first spacing, a first size and a first angle of inclination, and the blades of the second packing layer having a second spacing, a second size, and a second angle of inclination. The second spacing, size, and/or angle of inclination is different from the first spacing, size, and/or angle of inclination. 1. A packing system comprising:a first packing element layer including a plurality of blades; anda second packing element layer including a plurality of blades, wherein the packing system includes at least one of intra-layer variation or inter-layer variation, wherein intra-layer variation includes at least one of (i) varying spacing between blades within at least one of the first packing element layer or the second packing element layer, (ii) varying sizes of the blades within at least one of the first packing element layer or the second packing element layer, or (iii) varying angle of inclination of the blades within at least one of the first packing element layer or the second packing element layer, and wherein inter-layer variation includes the blades of the first packing layer having a first spacing, a first size, and a first angle of inclination and the blades of the second packing layer having a second spacing, a second size, and a second angle of inclination, wherein at least one of the second spacing, the second size, or the ...

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Номер записи: 35
09-04-2015 дата публикации

FLUIDIZED BED POLYMERIZATION REACTOR AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING POLYMER

Номер: US20150099854A1
Автор: Han Guodong, Jiang Binbo, Luo Guanghai, WANG Jingdai, Wang Shufang, WU Wenqing, Yang Yongrong
Принадлежит:

The invention provides a fluidized bed polymerization reactor, including: a column, in which a liquid distributor and a gas distributor above the liquid distributor are arranged, so that the reaction zone being divided into a first zone and a second zone through the gas distributor; and a circulating unit for circulating the gas material originated from the top zone of the column into the bottom zone thereof in a form of gas-liquid mixture. The gas-liquid mixture is undergone a gas-liquid separation in the bottom zone, the gas phase portion obtained being fed to the gas distributor and then into the second zone while the liquid phase portion obtained being entered into the first zone through the liquid distributor, so that the temperature in the first zone is lower than that in the second zone. Therefore, polymer with a molecular weight distributed in a relatively wide range can be obtained. The invention further provides a method for preparing polymer. 124-. (canceled)25. A fluidized bed polymerization reactor , including:{'b': 1', '2', '8', '11', '12, 'a column (), in which a liquid distributor () and a gas distributor () above the liquid distributor are arranged, wherein liquid reactant is fed into a bottom zone in the column under the liquid distributor, and enters into a reaction zone above the liquid distributor after passing through the liquid distributor, the reaction zone being divided into a first zone () under the gas distributor and a second zone () above the gas distributor; and'}{'b': '20', 'a circulating unit () for circulating the gas material originated from the top zone of the column into the bottom zone thereof in a form of gas-liquid mixture,'}wherein the gas-liquid mixture is undergone a gas-liquid separation in the bottom zone, the gas phase portion obtained being fed to the gas distributor and then into the second zone while the liquid phase portion obtained being entered into the first zone through the liquid distributor, so that the ...

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Номер записи: 36
26-06-2014 дата публикации

Systems and Methods for Real-Time Catalyst Particle Size Control in a Polymerization Reactor

Номер: US20140179881A1
Автор: Joel A. Mutchler, Max P. McDaniel
Принадлежит: Chevron Phillips Chemical Co LP

Polymerization reactor systems providing real-time control of the average particle size of catalyst system components are disclosed. Methods for operating such polymerization reactor systems also are described.

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Номер записи: 37
04-04-2019 дата публикации

A process for reacting oxygen carrying regenerated catalyst prior to use in a fluidized bed reactor

Номер: US20190099745A1
Автор: Liwei Li, Matthew T. Pretz
Принадлежит: Dow Global Technologies LLC

A process to react an oxygen containing regenerated catalyst stream prior to use in a fluidized bed reactor comprising providing a regenerated catalyst stream which comprises at least 0.001 wt % oxygen; reacting the regenerated catalyst stream with a fuel source thereby forming oxides and reducing the amount of oxygen in the regenerated catalyst stream to produce a usable regenerated catalyst stream; and injecting the usable regenerated catalyst stream into a hydrocarbon fluidized bed reactor is provided.

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Номер записи: 38
02-06-2022 дата публикации

GAS-SOLID CONTACTING DEVICE

Номер: US20220168700A1
Автор: Bergman Peter Christiaan Albert, Boers Robert Johan, Oltvoort Evert-Jan
Принадлежит:

A device for processing a flow of particulate material by contact with a gas flow includes a housing defining a processing chamber. This chamber includes a gas distribution plate having openings. The gas distribution plate separates a lower gas plenum from a solid-gas contact zone. The contact zone has at least one cylindrical partition upstanding from the gas distribution plate dividing an inner section from an adjacent annular outer section. The at least one partition is provided with a transfer opening for the particulate material. The housing is also provided with an inlet for supplying particulate material to the inner section and an outlet for discharging processed particulate material from the annular outer section. 118.-. (canceled)19. A device for processing a flow of particulate material by contact with a gas flow , comprisinga housing defining a processing chamber and having a gas inlet for introducing a gas flow in a plenum of the processing chamber,wherein the processing chamber comprisesthe plenum, arranged at the lower part of the processing chamber,a contact zone, arranged above the plenum, for contacting the flow of particulate material with the gas flow,wherein the plenum and contact zone are separated by a gas distribution plate,wherein the contact zone comprises a contact path for contact between the flow of particulate material and the gas flow, the contact zone having multiple cylindrical partitions upstanding from the gas distribution plate dividing an inner section of the contact path from an adjacent annular outer section, wherein each partition is provided with a transfer opening configured to allow passage of the particulate material from the inner section to the adjacent annular outer section of the contact path separated by the respective partition, wherein the inner section of the contact path is an annular inner section, and wherein the transfer opening of an inward partition and the transfer opening in an adjacent outward partition ...

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Номер записи: 39
02-04-2020 дата публикации

APPARATUSES FOR MIXING OF STAGED METHANOL INJECTION

Номер: US20200101432A1
Автор: Davydov Lev
Принадлежит:

This present disclosure relates to apparatuses for methylation of aromatics in an aromatics complex for producing a xylene isomer product. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to the use of riser slip reduction technology to improve the methanol feed and catalyst contacting which will improve the product yield rate. 1. A riser reactor , comprising:a cylindrical riser comprising an outer wall and an inner wall, the outer wall has a constant diameter, wherein the inner wall comprises at least one baffle affixed to the inner wall extending inward into the riser, the baffle having a first portion having a first end connected to the inner wall and forming an angle with respect to the inner wall in a range of about 5° to about 80° and a second portion having a first end connected to a second end of the first portion and a second end connected to the inner wall, the first and second portions of the baffle with the inner wall forming a triangle shape, wherein the baffle extends inward from the inner wall a distance of 25% to 30% of a radius of the riser,a bottom opening, and upper opening, and at least one distributor.2. The riser reactor of claim 1 , wherein the baffle extends around the entire inner wall of the riser reactor.3. The riser reactor of claim 1 , wherein the at least one distributor is located above the at least one baffle.4. The riser reactor of claim 1 , wherein the at least one distributor is located below the at least one baffle.5. The riser reactor of claim 1 , wherein the at least one distributor extends through the baffle and into a different radial location within the riser reactor.6. The riser reactor of claim 1 , wherein the distributor includes an upward angle of about 10° to about 90° to vertical relative to the riser wall.7. The riser reactor of claim 1 , wherein there are at least two distributors and wherein the at least two distributors are located at two different axial locations within the riser reactor.8. The riser reactor of ...

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Номер записи: 40
29-04-2021 дата публикации

Catalytic Decomposition of Hydrocarbons for the Production of Hydrogen and Carbon

Номер: US20210122629A1
Автор: Robertson Mark Kevin
Принадлежит:

A new process for the decomposition of hydrocarbon feed stream(s) that achieves the conversion of a hydrocarbon feed stream to hydrogen and filamentous carbon, with minimal resulting production of carbon oxides is described herein. In this invention it is proposed to achieve the hydrocarbon conversion by the use of dual fluidized bed reaction zones, fluidly connected, for (i). hydrocarbon reaction (the reactor) and (ii). catalyst regeneration and heating (the regenerator) and to use a transition metal supported catalyst to achieve high hydrocarbon conversion and to produce high quality filamentous carbon. 1. A process for the production of hydrogen and filamentous carbon from the catalytic thermal decomposition of hydrocarbon feedstocks comprising the steps of:a) contacting the hydrocarbon feedstock with a catalyst in a fluidized bed of supported transition metal, substantially non-porous, attrition resistant catalyst particles, classified as Geldart Group C (Cohesive) particulates, in a first reaction zone;b) attriting the majority of the formed filamentous carbon from the surface of the catalyst particles in the first reaction zone by particle motion in the fluidized bed and by gas injection(s) into the fluidized bed;c) separating the attrited filamentous carbon from the effluent gases exiting the first reaction zone;d) transferring the catalyst from the first reaction zone into a second reaction zone; introducing a fuel and an oxidant into the second reaction zone to heat and regenerate the catalyst via combustion of the fuel and residual carbon on the catalyst surface, in a low or zero excess oxygen environment; 'whereby, the catalyst activity is maintained sufficiently to achieve a satisfactory extent of hydrocarbon conversion and the conversion of the hydrocarbon feedstock is achieved with minimal production of carbon oxides.', 'e) returning the regenerated and heated catalyst from the second reaction zone to the first reaction zone.'}2. A process in ...

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Номер записи: 41
09-06-2022 дата публикации

PROCESS AND REACTOR ASSEMBLY FOR THE ENHANCEMENT OF HYDRODYNAMICS IN A GAS-SOLIDS FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR

Номер: US20220177616A1
Автор: Aguayo Arellano Pablo Ivan, Elovainio Erno, Kanellopoulos Vasileios, Nyfors Klaus, Prinsen Eric-Jan, Ruskeeniemi Jari-Jussi, Salminen Juha, Tupe Ravindra, VAHTERI Markku, Weickert Günter
Принадлежит:

A process for polymerizing olefin monomer(s) in a gas-solids olefin polymerization reactor comprising a top zone; a middle zone, which comprises a top end in direct contact with said top zone and which is located below said top zone, the middle zone having a generally cylindrical shape; and a bottom zone, which is in direct contact with a bottom end of the middle zone and which is located below the middle zone; comprising the following steps: introducing a fluidization gas stream into the bottom zone; polymerizing olefin monomer(s) in the presence of a polymerization catalyst in a dense phase formed by particles of a polymer of the olefin monomer(s) suspended in an upwards flowing stream of the fluidization gas in the middle zone; introducing a jet gas stream through one or more jet gas feeding ports in a jet gas feeding area of the middle zone at the dense phase in the middle zone of the gas-solids olefin polymerization reactor; wherein the kinetic energy (E) input in the reactor by the jet stream is between 1.5 and 50 times higher than the kinetic energy (E) input in the reactor by the fluidization gas stream (FG). 2186. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the fluidization gas is removed from the top zone () of the reactor and at least a part of the fluidization gas is introduced into the jet gas stream () and into the fluidization stream ().35. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the jet gas stream (JG) fed through at least one of the one or more jet gas feeding ports () is provided by a flash pipe (FP) from a preceding reactor claim 1 , preferably a reactor for polymerizing polypropylene claim 1 , more preferably a loop reactor for polymerizing polypropylene.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the jet gas stream (JG) is cooled to yield a partially condensed jet gas stream and wherein the fluidization gas stream (FG) is not condensed.568. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the fluidization gas stream (FG) in the first line () and ...

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Номер записи: 42
07-05-2015 дата публикации

APPARATUSES FOR STRIPPING GASEOUS HYDROCARBONS FROM PARTICULATE MATERIAL AND PROCESSES FOR THE SAME

Номер: US20150126356A1
Автор: Gamas-Castellanos Erick D., Kowalczyk Mitchell J.
Принадлежит:

Apparatuses and processes are provided for stripping gaseous hydrocarbons from particulate material. One process comprises the step of contacting particles containing hydrocarbons with a stripping vapor in countercurrent flow to remove at least a portion of the hydrocarbons with the stripping vapor to form stripped particles. Contacting the particles includes advancing the particles down a sloping element of a structured packing toward a reinforcing rod that is disposed along a lower channel portion of the sloping element. The particles are advanced over the reinforcing rod. The particles are contacted with the stripping vapor that is rising up adjacent to the lower channel portion. 1. An apparatus for stripping gaseous hydrocarbons from particulate material , the apparatus comprising:a structured packing configured for passage of a stripping vapor and particles that contain hydrocarbons in countercurrent contacting flow to remove at least a portion of the hydrocarbons with the stripping vapor to form stripped particles, the structured packing comprising:a first formed strip comprising a sloping element that has a lower channel portion and an inclined sheet portion that extends generally upward from the lower channel portion; anda reinforcing rod disposed along the lower channel portion.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the reinforcing rod is recessed relative to the sloping element.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first formed strip comprises first alternating segments that define a first vertical element that has a first upper portion and a first lower portion claim 1 , wherein the first alternating segments each have a first upper sloping element extending from the first upper portion at a first incline to the first vertical element claim 1 , wherein the first upper sloping elements of adjacent segments of the first alternating segments are angular to each other claim 1 , wherein the first upper sloping elements each have a first lower channel ...

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Номер записи: 43
27-05-2021 дата публикации

Method of catalyst testing in fluidized bed reactors using catalyst capsules

Номер: US20210154636A1
Автор: Omer Refa Koseoglu
Принадлежит: Saudi Arabian Oil Co

A method for testing catalysts in a fluidized bed reactor comprises enclosing catalyst material in capsules having pores or holes smaller than the catalyst material, inserting the capsules filled with catalyst material to into a port of the fluidized bed reactor and recovering at least a portion of the catalyst capsules from the fluidized bed reactor after use through an additional port of the fluidized bed reactor, wherein the capsules move with a flow of uplifted fluid and gas in the fluidized bed reactor.

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Номер записи: 44
23-04-2020 дата публикации

A METHOD, AN ARRANGEMENT AND USE OF AN ARRANGEMENT OF PREPARING POLYMER

Номер: US20200123279A1
Автор: Elovainio Erno, Kanellopoulos Vasileios, KRALLIS Apostolos, Nyfors Klaus
Принадлежит:

A method and arrangement of producing polymer comprising polymerizing in reactor having a top zone having a generally conical shape, a middle zone in direct contact with and below said top zone having a generally cylindrical shape, a bottom zone having a generally conical shape thereby polymerizing at least one olefin, in the presence of a polymerization catalyst and fluidization gas to obtain (i) a first stream comprising fluidization gas and particles of olefin polymer, (ii) a second stream comprising fluidization gas and agglomerates of olefin polymer, (iii) a third olefin polymer product stream—directing the first stream comprising fluidization gas and olefin polymer particles to a series of at least three cyclones connected to the fluidized bed reactor—separating agglomerates of olefin polymer from the second stream, withdrawing from the fluidized bed polymerization reactor the third olefin polymer product stream. 1. A method of producing polymer particles wherein the method comprises (i) a first stream comprising fluidization gas and olefin polymer particles,', '(ii) a second stream comprising fluidization gas and agglomerates of olefin polymer,', '(iii) a third olefin polymer product stream,, 'polymerizing in a fluidized bed polymerization reactor comprising a fluidized bed in the reactor and the reactor having a top zone having a generally conical shape, a middle zone in direct contact with and below said top zone having a generally cylindrical shape, a bottom zone in direct contact with and below the middle zone and having a generally conical shape thereby polymerizing at least one olefin, optionally at least one comonomer and optionally hydrogen, in the presence of a polymerization catalyst and fluidization gas to obtain'}directing the first stream comprising fluidization gas and olefin polymer particles to a series of at least three cyclones connected to the fluidized bed polymerization reactor thereby obtaining from a last cyclone in the series a final ...

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Номер записи: 45
17-05-2018 дата публикации

Cold-Wall Reactor for Suspension-Bed Hydrogenation

Номер: US20180133675A1
Автор: Guo Lixin, Li Chuntao, Li Lin
Принадлежит: Beijing Huashi United Energy Technology and Development Co., Ltd.

The present invention provides a cold-wall reactor for suspension-bed hydrogenation, comprising a reactor body, which is provided with a reaction product outlet arranged at the top thereof, a cold hydrogen gas inlet arranged on a side wall thereof and a feed inlet arranged at bottom thereof, and the reactor body comprises, in a sequence from external to internal, a housing, a surfacing layer and a thermal insulation liner, and an inner liner cylinder, which is fixedly arranged inside the reactor body and is provided with an outlet on top thereof and an inlet on bottom thereof, wherein the outlet of the inner liner cylinder is connected with the reaction product outlet in a sealing manner, and the inlet of the inner liner cylinder is communicated with the feed inlet, wherein a side wall of the inner lining cylinder and an inner side wall of the reactor body define a cavity serving as a first circulation channel, wherein a second circulation channel is arranged on the side wall of the inner lining cylinder, and wherein an interior of the inner lining cylinder is communicated with the first circulation channel through the second circulation channel; by using the cold-wall reactor for suspension-bed hydrogenation, the material temperature is more uniform and reaction efficiency is improved, materials coking is reduced. In addition the falling and damaging of the thermal insulation liner is prevented, and the temperature of the outer wall of the reactor body is lower than the temperature of the medium. 1. A cold-wall reactor for suspension-bed hydrogenation , comprising{'b': 1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '18', '17, 'a reactor body (), which is provided with a reaction product outlet () arranged at the top thereof, a cold hydrogen gas inlet () arranged on a side wall thereof and a feed inlet () arranged at bottom thereof, and comprises, in a sequence from outside to inside thereof, a housing (), a surfacing layer () and a thermal insulation liner (), and'}{'b': 6', '1', '7', '8 ...

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Номер записи: 46
09-05-2019 дата публикации

Fluidized bed installation

Номер: US20190134584A1
Автор: Matthias Boerner, Uwe Schmidt
Принадлежит: ROBERT BOSCH GMBH

The invention relates to a fluidized bed installation ( 1 ), comprising at least two chambers ( 2, 3, 4 ), wherein each chamber ( 2, 3, 4 ) has a main body ( 5 ) and a gas inlet ( 6 ) and a gas outlet ( 7 ), wherein each main body ( 5 ) has an inlet ( 8 ) and an outlet ( 9 ) for a solid ( 19 ), wherein the inlet ( 8 ) of a first chamber ( 2 ) is connected to a feed ( 10 ) of the fluidized bed installation ( 1 ), the outlet ( 9 ) of the first chamber ( 2 ) is connected to the inlet ( 8 ) of a second chamber ( 4 ), and the outlet ( 9 ) of the second chamber ( 4 ) is connected to a discharge ( 11 ) of the fluidized bed installation ( 1 ), and wherein a valve ( 12 ) is arranged between two connected chambers ( 2, 3, 4 ) and/or at the feed ( 10 ) and/or at the discharge ( 11 ) such that either continuous operation or semi-continuous operation of the fluidized bed installation ( 1 ) is enabled.

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Номер записи: 47
09-05-2019 дата публикации

REACTION-REGENERATION DEVICE AND PROCESS FOR ALKANE DEHYDROGENATION TO ALKENE

Номер: US20190134590A1
Автор: LI Chunyi, Wang Guowei
Принадлежит: CHINA UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM (EAST CHINA)

A reaction-regeneration device for catalytic dehydrogenation or/and catalytic cracking of alkanes comprises a reaction device and a regeneration device. The reaction device comprises a reactor and a disengager, and the disengager is located at an upper part of the reactor. The reactor comprises a tapering section, and diameters of cross sections of the tapering section gradually decrease from bottom to top. Secondary conversion of alkenes caused by back-mixing is reduced, and thus the yield and selectivity to alkenes are increased. 1. A catalyst regeneration device , comprisinga regenerator for accommodating a catalyst and a regeneration disengager,wherein diameters of cross sections of the regenerator are decreased from top to bottom, anda circular pipe sleeve is arranged at a lower position inside the regenerator.2. The catalyst regeneration device according to claim 1 , wherein the circular pipe sleeve is parallel to an axis of the regenerator.3. The catalyst regeneration device according to claim 1 , wherein the circular pipe sleeve is coaxial with the regenerator.4. The catalyst regeneration device according to claim 1 , wherein a height of the circular pipe sleeve in the regenerator is less than two thirds of a height of a catalyst dense-phase bed layer.5. The catalyst regeneration device according to claim 1 , wherein a height of the circular pipe sleeve in the regenerator is less than one third of a height of a catalyst dense-phase bed layer.6. The catalyst regeneration device according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , fuel and air are directly fed into the circular pipe sleeve.7. A regeneration method for alkane dehydrogenation catalyst claim 1 , comprising the following step:spent catalyst entering a regeneration disengager, and fuel and air entering a regenerator from a lower part or bottom of the regenerator;gas moving upwards in the regenerator, a linear speed of the gas gradually decreasing from bottom to top, and, the spent catalyst moving upwards at a ...

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Номер записи: 48
08-09-2022 дата публикации

SINGLE AND MULTIPLE TURBULENT/FAST FLUIDIZED BED REACTORS IN NCC PROCESS FOR MAXIMIZING AROMATICS PRODUCTION

Номер: US20220282164A1
Автор: KASHYAP Mayank
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods for producing aromatics are disclosed. A feed stream comprising naphtha is flowed into a reaction unit comprising a fast fluidized bed reactor coupled to and in fluid communication with a riser reactor. The fast fluidized bed reactor is adapted to enable backmixing therein to maximize the production of aromatics. The effluent from the fast fluidized bed reactor is further flowed to the riser reactor. The lift gas, which can comprise nitrogen, methane, flue gas, or combinations thereof, is injected in the reaction unit via a sparger. The effluent of the riser reactor is separated in a product separation unit to produce a product stream comprising light olefins and spent catalyst. The spent catalyst is further stripped by a stripping gas comprising methane, nitrogen, flue gas, or combinations thereof. The stripped spent catalyst is regenerated to produce regenerated catalyst, which is subsequently flowed to the fast fluidized bed reactor. 1. A method of producing an aromatic , the method comprising:contacting, in a fast fluidized bed reactor, naphtha with catalyst particles of a fast-fluidized bed having a superficial gas velocity (SGV) in a range of 1 to 6.5 m/s and under first reaction conditions sufficient to produce a first product comprising one or more aromatics;flowing effluent of the fast fluidized bed reactor to a riser reactor, the effluent of the fast fluidized bed reactor comprising (1) unreacted hydrocarbons of the naphtha, (2) the first product, and (3) the catalyst particles; andcontacting, in the riser reactor, the unreacted hydrocarbons of the naphtha, the first product, and the at least some of the catalyst particles under second reaction conditions sufficient to produce a second product comprising one or more aromatics.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first reaction conditions include a reaction temperature in the fast fluidized bed reactor of 690 to 710° C.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first reaction conditions ...

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Номер записи: 49
17-06-2021 дата публикации

MICROCHEMICAL SYSTEM APPARATUS AND RELATED METHODS OF FABRICATION

Номер: US20210178387A1
Автор: Kwon Patrick, Yeom Junghoon
Принадлежит:

The disclosure relates to microchemical (or microfluidic) apparatus as well as related methods for making the same. The methods generally include partial sintering of sintering powder (e.g., binderless or otherwise free-flowing sintering powder) that encloses a fugitive phase material having a shape corresponding to a desired cavity structure in the formed apparatus. Partial sintering removes the fugitive phase and produces a porous compact, which can then be machined if desired and then further fully sintered to form the final apparatus. The process can produce apparatus with small, controllable cavities shaped as desired for various microchemical or microfluidic unit operations, with a generally smooth interior cavity finish, and with materials (e.g., ceramics) able to withstand harsh environments for such unit operations. 120-. (canceled)21. A microchemical apparatus comprising:a fully sintered metal oxide body comprising an interior cavity within the body; the interior cavity has a minimum dimension in a range from 1 μm to 1000 μm; and', 'the interior cavity has a surface roughness of 20 μm or less., 'wherein22. The microchemical apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the fully sintered metal oxide body has a density of at least 80% relative to the theoretical density of the metal oxide.23. The microchemical apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the interior cavity is fully enclosed by the fully sintered metal oxide body.24. The microchemical apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the interior cavity is partially enclosed by the fully sintered metal oxide body. Priority is claimed to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/378,932 filed Aug. 24, 2016, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.None.The disclosure relates to relates to microchemical (or microfluidic) apparatus as well as related methods for making the same. The methods generally include partial sintering of sintering powder, removal of a fugitive phase material within the powder to create internal ...

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Номер записи: 50
07-05-2020 дата публикации

FLUIDIZED BED DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PREPARING PARA-XYLENE AND CO-PRODUCING LIGHT OLEFINS FROM METHANOL AND/OR DIMETHYL ETHER AND TOLUENE

Номер: US20200140355A1
Автор: He Changqing, JIA Jinming, LI Chenggong, Li Hua, Liu Zhongmin, TANG Hailong, Wang Xiangao, Ye Mao, Zhang Cheng, ZHANG Jinling, Zhang Tao, ZHAO Yinfeng
Принадлежит: Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences

A turbulent fluidized bed reactor, device and method for preparing para-xylene and co-producing light olefins from methanol and/or dimethyl ether and toluene, resolving or improving the competition problem between an MTO reaction and an alkylation reaction during the process of producing para-xylene and co-producing light olefins from methanol and/or dimethyl ether and toluene, and achieving a synergistic effect between the MTO reaction and the alkylation reaction. By controlling the mass transfer and reaction, competition between the MTO reaction and the alkylation reaction is coordinated and optimized to facilitate a synergistic effect of the two reactions, so that the conversion rate of toluene, the yield of para-xylene, and the selectivity of light olefins are increased. The turbulent fluidized bed reactor includes a first reactor feed distributor and a number of second reactor feed distributors and are arranged sequentially along the gas flow direction. 126-. (canceled)27. A turbulent fluidized bed reactor for preparing para-xylene and co-producing light olefins from methanol and/or dimethyl ether and toluene , the turbulent fluidized bed reactor comprising: a first reactor feed distributor and a plurality of second reactor feed distributors , the first reactor feed distributor and the plurality of second reactor feed distributors are sequentially arranged along the gas flow direction in the turbulent fluidized bed reactor;the feed to the first reactor feed distributor comprises toluene and a portion of methanol and/or dimethyl ether;the feed to the second reactor feed distributor comprises methanol and/or dimethyl ether; andthe number of the second reactor feed distributors is in a range from 2 to 10.28. The turbulent fluidized bed reactor of claim 27 , the turbulent fluidized bed reactor further comprising a first reactor gas-solid separator and a second reactor gas-solid separator claim 27 , the first reactor gas-solid separator is placed in a dilute phase ...

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Номер записи: 51
11-06-2015 дата публикации

Reactor bed component for securing rigid assemblies

Номер: US20150157999A1
Автор: Robert Frank Tammera
Принадлежит: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Co

Reactor bed component includes a foundation grate, a rigid structure and a fastener. The foundation grate has support plates spaced apart from each other by a distance and having a height with each support plate disposed at an angle. The rigid structure has first structure plates spaced apart by a multiple of the distance and disposed at the angle, and second structure plates secured to and disposed at an opposing angle. Each second structure plate has a horizontal extent to engage an upper edge of a corresponding support plate, and a number of the first structure plates have a length extending below the horizontal extent in overlapping relation with adjacent support plates to prevent horizontal movement of the rigid structure relative the foundation grate in a first direction. The fastener is disposed to secure the rigid structure to the grate against movement in a second direction opposite the first direction.

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Номер записи: 52
11-06-2015 дата публикации

INTEGRATED CYCLONE ASSEMBLY

Номер: US20150158002A1
Автор: TAMMERA Robert Frank
Принадлежит: EXXONMOBIL RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING COMPANY

Integrated primary and secondary cyclone assembly includes a secondary cyclone having an outlet tube extending therefrom and a primary cyclone operatively coupled with the secondary cyclone. The outlet tube has a cross dimension and length and is configured to be secured to a pressure vessel closure head to support the secondary cyclone therefrom. The primary cyclone has a tubular support member extending therefrom. The tubular support member is aligned substantially parallel with and has a length similar to the outlet tube of the secondary cyclone and is configured to be joined to the pressure vessel closure head to support the primary cyclone therefrom. 1. An integrated primary and secondary cyclone assembly , comprising:a secondary cyclone having an outlet tube extending therefrom, the outlet tube having a cross dimension and length, the outlet tube configured to be secured to a pressure vessel closure head to support the secondary cyclone therefrom; anda primary cyclone operatively coupled with the secondary cyclone, the primary cyclone having a tubular support member extending therefrom, the tubular support member aligned substantially parallel with and having a length similar to the outlet tube of the secondary cyclone and configured to be joined to the pressure vessel closure head to support the primary cyclone therefrom.2. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the tubular support member has a central axis aligned along a concentric axis of a centroid of the primary cyclone.3. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the tubular support member is formed from a pipe or a rolled plate.4. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the tubular support member has a cross dimension similar to the cross dimension of the outlet tube.5. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the tubular support member has a wall thickness similar to a wall thickness of the outlet tube.6. The assembly of claim 1 , wherein the tubular support member has a coefficient of thermal expansion similar to a ...

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Номер записи: 53
01-06-2017 дата публикации

Fluidized Catalyst Stripping Unit for Displacing Entrained Gas From Catalyst Particles

Номер: US20170151544A1
Автор: Pretz Matthew T.
Принадлежит:

A fluidized catalyst stripping unit for displacing entrained gas from catalyst particles comprising: a vessel housing a two stage cyclonic separation section which comprises one or more primary cyclonic separation devices and one or more secondary cyclones; a stripping section which comprises internals; and an inlet in fluid communication with a catalytic reactor to feed a particulate-fluid suspension to the two stage cyclonic separation section; wherein each primary cyclonic separation device comprises an internal cylindrical surface to separate a major fraction of the particulates from the suspension and form a vortex of reduced particulate content; a particulate discharge outlet from each secondary cyclone to the stripping section; wherein the particulate discharge outlet of the secondary cyclone is submerged in a catalyst bed located above the stripper internals, and wherein the stripping section comprises one or more bubble breaking grids within the catalyst bed and above the stripping internals is provided. 1. A fluidized catalyst stripping unit for displacing entrained gas from catalyst particles comprising: a two stage cyclonic separation section which comprises one or more primary cyclonic separation devices and one or more secondary cyclones;', 'a stripping section which comprises internals and one or more bubble breaking grids supported by a hinged support system;', 'an inlet in fluid communication with a catalytic reactor to feed a particulate-fluid suspension to the two stage cyclonic separation section; and', 'a particulate discharge outlet from each secondary cyclone to the stripping section;, 'a vessel which houses'} each primary cyclonic separation device comprises an internal cylindrical surface to separate a major fraction of the particulates from the suspension and form a vortex of reduced particulate content;', 'the particulate discharge outlet of the secondary cyclone is submerged in a catalyst bed which is located above the stripper internals ...

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Номер записи: 54
17-06-2021 дата публикации

Biomass Upgrading System

Номер: US20210180787A1
Автор: Anton Larsson, Christer Gustavsson, David Pallarès, Henrik STRÖM, Henrik Thunman, Lars Stigsson, Martin Seemann
Принадлежит: Bioshare AB

Aspects provide for volatilizing a biomass-based fuel stream, removing undesirable components from the resulting volatiles stream, and combusting the resulting stream (e.g., in a kiln). Removal of particles, ash, and/or H2O from the volatiles stream improves its economic value and enhances the substitution of legacy (e.g., fossil) fuels with biomass-based fuels. Aspects may be particularly advantageous for upgrading otherwise low-quality biomass to a fuel specification sufficient for industrial implementation. A volatilization reactor may include a fluidized bed reactor, which may comprise multiple stages and/or a splashgenerator. A splashgenerator may impart directed momentum to a portion of the bed to increase bed transport via directed flow.

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Номер записи: 55
09-06-2016 дата публикации

STRIPPING VESSEL FOR REMOVING HYDROCARBONS ENTRAINED IN CATALYST PARTICLES

Номер: US20160158741A1
Автор: Craig Andrew Jonathan, Palmas Paolo
Принадлежит:

A stripping vessel for removing hydrocarbons from a catalyst and a process for removing hydrocarbons from a catalyst. In an FCC unit, the stripping vessel includes first and second stripping sections. The first stripping section includes at least one grid having a plurality of interesting members and openings therebetween. The second stripping section includes structured packing such as a plurality of ribbons. The one or more grids are spaced from the structured packing, and from each other, so as to minimize the accumulation of catalyst within the stripping vessel, preferably between about 0.91 m (3 ft) to about 1.5 m (5 ft). 1. A stripping vessel for removing hydrocarbons from catalyst , the stripping vessel comprising:an inlet configured to receive a stream of spent catalyst particles, at least some of the spent catalyst particles comprise entrained hydrocarbons;a first stripping section, the first stripping section including at least one grid, each grid including at least one opening to allow catalyst to pass there through;a second stripping section, the second stripping section including a structured packing comprised of a plurality of ribbons, the at least one grid in the first stripping section being spaced from the structured packing of the second stripping section; and,an outlet configured to pass catalyst particles from the stripping vessel.2. The stripping vessel of further comprising:at least one inlet for a stripping fluid.3. The stripping vessel of wherein the inlet for stripping fluid is disposed below the second stripping section.4. The stripping vessel of further comprising:an internal riser.5. The stripping vessel of wherein the at least one grid in the first stripping section includes a plurality of openings to allow catalyst there through.6. The stripping vessel of the claim 1 , wherein a spacing between the at least one grid in the first stripping section and the structured packing in the second stripping section is between approximately about 0 ...

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Номер записи: 56
22-09-2022 дата публикации

RISER REACTOR SYSTEM

Номер: US20220298426A1
Автор: Cui Zhe, LUDOLPH Robert Alexander
Принадлежит:

A reactor and a process for fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) a hydrocarbon feed in the riser-reactor, the process including injecting the hydrocarbon feed into an evaporation zone of the riser-reactor, injecting a first catalyst into the evaporation zone, wherein the first catalyst mixes with the hydrocarbon feed to generate a hydrocarbons stream in the evaporation zone, and wherein the temperature in the evaporation zone is less than 625° C., and passing the hydrocarbons stream from the evaporation zone into a cracking zone of the riser-reactor to generate a cracked product in the cracking zone. 1. A process for fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) a hydrocarbon feed in a riser-reactor , the process comprising:injecting the hydrocarbon feed into an evaporation zone of the riser-reactor;injecting a first catalyst into the evaporation zone, wherein the first catalyst mixes with the hydrocarbon feed to generate a hydrocarbons stream in the evaporation zone, and wherein the temperature in the evaporation zone is less than 625° C.;passing the hydrocarbons stream from the evaporation zone into a cracking zone of the riser-reactor to generate a cracked product in the cracking zone.2. The process according to claim 1 , further comprising:adjusting the amount of first catalyst injected into the evaporation zone to minimize cracking of the hydrocarbons stream in the evaporation zone.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein vaporization of the hydrocarbon feed and mixing of the hydrocarbon feed with the first catalyst occurs across an entire diameter of the riser-reactor and within the evaporation zone.4. The process according to claim 1 , further comprising:injecting a second catalyst into a wall region located in the cracking zone to further crack the hydrocarbons stream, wherein the injection of the second catalyst minimizes catalyst back-mixing in the wall region and changes the radial velocity distribution of the cracked product in the cracking zone.5. The process according ...

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Номер записи: 57
14-06-2018 дата публикации

METHOD FOR OXYGENATE CONVERSION IN A FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKER

Номер: US20180161743A1
Автор: "ONEILL Brandon J.", BILLIMORIA Rustom M., JALAN Amrit, McCarthy Stephen J., Mhadeshwar Ashish B.
Принадлежит:

Provided herein are dual riser fluid catalytic cracking processes for producing light olefins from an oxygenate feed, such as a methanol feed, in a conventional FCC unit. In certain aspects the processes comprise cracking a hydrocarbon feed in a first riser comprising a first catalyst under first riser conditions to form a first effluent enriched in olefins, light gasoil, gasoline, or a combination thereof; cracking a hydrocarbon oxygenate feed in a second riser comprising a second catalyst under second riser conditions to form a second effluent enriched in olefins; recovering the first and second catalyst from the first and second effluents in a common reactor; regenerating the recovered first and second catalyst in a regenerator using heat from the exothermic cracking of the hydrocarbon oxygenate feed; and recirculating the regenerated first and second catalyst to the first and second riser. 1. A dual riser fluid catalytic cracking process , comprising:cracking a hydrocarbon feed in a first riser comprising a first catalyst under first riser conditions to form a first effluent enriched in olefins, light gasoil, gasoline, or a combination thereof;cracking a hydrocarbon oxygenate feed in a second riser comprising a second catalyst under second riser conditions to form a second effluent enriched in olefins;recovering the first and second catalyst from the first and second effluents in a common reactor;regenerating the recovered first and second catalyst in a regenerator using heat from the exothermic cracking of the hydrocarbon oxygenate feed; andrecirculating the regenerated first and second catalyst to the first and second riser.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon oxygenate feed includes methanol.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the second riser conditions include a catalyst activity claim 1 , α claim 1 , of about 5 to 130.4. The process of claim 3 , wherein the catalyst activity claim 3 , α claim 3 , is about 10.5. The process of claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 58
14-06-2018 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PRODUCING SYNGAS FROM A SOLID CARBON-CONTAINING SUBSTANCE USING A REACTOR HAVING HOLLOW ENGINEERED PARTICLES

Номер: US20180163148A1
Автор: Chandran Ravi, Newport Dave G., Whitney Hamilton Sean Michael, Zenz Jonathan A.
Принадлежит: Thermochem Recovery International, Inc.

A solids circulation system receives a gas stream containing char or other reacting solids from a first reactor. The solids circulation system includes a cyclone configured to receive the gas stream from the first reactor, a dipleg from the cyclone to a second reactor, and a riser from the second reactor which merges with the gas stream received by the cyclone. The second reactor has a dense fluid bed and converts the received materials to gaseous products. A conveying fluid transports a portion of the bed media from the second reactor through the riser to mix with the gas stream prior to cyclone entry. The bed media helps manipulate the solids that is received by the cyclone to facilitate flow of solids down the dipleg into the second reactor. The second reactor provides additional residence time, mixing and gas-solid contact for efficient conversion of char or reacting solids. 1100. A reactor () for producing carbon monoxide , carbon dioxide , and hydrogen from a solid carbon-containing substance , comprising:(a) a fluidized bed comprising bed material in the form of hollow engineered particles selected from the group consisting of alumina, zirconia, sand, olivine sand, limestone, dolomite and metal catalyst;{'b': '160', '(b) a freeboard () located above a bed level of the fluidized bed;'}{'b': 700', '160', '100', '700, '(c) a cyclone () positioned within the freeboard () of the reactor (), the cyclone () configured to capture and recycle entrained bed material and char particles to the fluidized bed;'}{'b': 160', '160, 'sub': 2', '2, '(d) a plurality of fluid addition stages located in the freeboard (), the plurality of fluid addition stages configured to introduce a mixture of oxygen and superheated steam to the freeboard () to promote conversion of char into CO, CO, and H;'}{'b': 140', '130, '(e) a distributor () configured to accept and distribute a fluidization media () comprising oxygen and superheated steam into the bed material of the fluidized bed;'}{'b': ...

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Номер записи: 59
25-06-2015 дата публикации

FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR CAPABLE OF VARYING FLOW VELOCITY

Номер: US20150174546A1
Автор: BAE Dal-Hee, JIN Gyoung Tae, JO Sung-Ho, LEE Dong-Ho, LEE Seung-Yong, MOON Jong-Ho, PARK Jaehyeon, Park Young-Cheol, RYU Ho-Jung, SHUN Dowon, YI Chang-Keun
Принадлежит: KOREA INSTITUTE OF ENERGY RESEARCH

The present invention relates to a fluidized bed reactor capable of varying flow velocity, in which the flow velocity in the fluidized bed reactor varies to maintain the smooth transportation of solid particles while increasing the concentration of a gaseous reactant in relation to the solid particles. The fluidized bed reactor comprises: a lower high-speed unit into which solid particles and fluid particles are introduced; a middle low-speed unit continuously connected to an upper portion of the lower high-speed unit so that the flow velocity therein becomes lower than that in the lower high-speed unit; and an upper high-speed unit continuously connected to an upper portion of the middle low-speed unit so that the flow velocity therein becomes higher than that in the middle low-speed unit. 1. A fluidized bed reactor in which solid absorbents and reaction gases inflow to cause chemical reaction between the solid absorbents and reaction gas in a fluidized state , comprising:a lower high-speed unit into which the solid particles and the liquid particles inflow;a middle low-speed unit which is connected to an upper end portion of the lower high-speed unit, and is configured to decrease a flow velocity therein to be lower than the lower high-speed unit; andan upper high-speed unit which elongates from an upper end of the middle low-speed unit, and is configured to increase the flow velocity therein to be greater than the middle low-speed unit.2. The fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the lower high-speed unit has a smaller cross-sectional area than the middle low-speed unit claim 1 , and the upper high-speed unit has a smaller cross-sectional area than the middle low-speed unit.3. The fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the upper high-speed unit has a cross-sectional area gradually decreased toward an upper end thereof.4. The fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction gases are additionally supplied to the middle ...

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Номер записи: 60
01-07-2021 дата публикации

CONTINUOUS ACOUSTIC CHEMICAL MICROREACTOR

Номер: US20210197168A1
Автор: Farrar Lawrence C., Martineau Zachary Ruprecht, Sperry Grayson
Принадлежит: Resodyn Corporation

A continuous acoustic chemical microreactor system is disclosed. The system includes a continuous process vessel (CPV) and an acoustic agitator coupled to the CPV and configured to agitate the CPV along an oscillation axis. The CPV includes a reactant inlet configured to receive one or more reactants into the CPV, an elongated tube coupled at a first end to the reactant inlet and configured to receive the reactants from the reactant inlet, and a product outlet coupled to a second end of the elongated tube and configured to discharge a product of a chemical reaction among the reactants from the CPV. The acoustic agitator is configured to agitate the CPV along the oscillation axis such that the inner surface of the elongated tube accelerates the one or more reactants in alternating upward and downward directions along the oscillation axis. 1. A method of continuously processing a combination of materials in a chemical microreactor , the method comprising:introducing, via a reactant inlet, one or more reactants into an elongated tube coupled at a first end to the reactant inlet and configured to receive the reactants from the reactant inlet, wherein the elongated tube has an inner surface having a hydraulic diameter of less than 2.5 cm;agitating, using an acoustic agitator coupled to the continuous process vessel, the continuous process vessel along the oscillation axis at a frequency greater than 10 Hz and less than 100 Hz such that the inner surface of the elongated tube accelerates the one or more reactants in alternating upward and downward directions along the oscillation axis; anddischarging, from a product outlet coupled to a second end of the elongated tube, a product of a chemical reaction among the reactants from the continuous process vessel.2. The method of claim 1 , comprising:introducing, via a coolant inlet, a cooling fluid into an interstitial region within the continuous process vessel and surrounding the elongated tube, the interstitial region ...

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Номер записи: 61
23-06-2016 дата публикации

Reactor for producing nitrogen-containing fertilizer granules

Номер: US20160175797A1
Автор: Andreas Grulke, Holger Althues, Liliana Kotte, Matthias Potthoff, Stefan Kaskel
Принадлежит: Uhde Fertilizer Technology BV

A reactor for producing nitrogen-containing fertilizer granules comprising a reactor vessel having inside walls coated with a layer of at least one organic silica compound.

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Номер записи: 62
02-07-2015 дата публикации

Draft Tube Fluidized Bed Reactor for Deposition of Granular Silicon

Номер: US20150182930A1
Автор: Bruce Hazeltine
Принадлежит: Individual

A granular fluidized bed reactor (FBR) for production of high purity silicon is described. The FBR uses a draft tube to promote internal circulation while minimizing voids in the fluidized bed, one significant cause of dust formation. The FBR design has geometries to minimize reactive gas concentration within the draft tube and imposes a desirable circulation pattern in operation. A portion of the FBR wall above a reactive zone provides heat input to maximize deposition on silicon beads while minimizing wall deposition. The FBR is made of carbon composite, ceramic, and graphite materials in a design to minimize contamination and enable silicon deposits to be melted out.

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Номер записи: 63
08-07-2021 дата публикации

MAXIMUM OLEFINS PRODUCTION UTILIZING MULTI-STAGE CATALYST REACTION AND REGENERATION

Номер: US20210207039A1
Автор: Dharia Dilip, McQuiston Harvey, Singh Raj Kanwar
Принадлежит:

A method and system for increasing olefin production and quality from a hydrocarbon feed comprising a fully integrated multi-stage catalyst regeneration zones with multi-stage reaction zones in series and/or parallel. The multi-stage regeneration with at least one partial and one full burn zone provides an independent control to achieve the lowest possible regenerated catalyst temperature, resulting in highest possible catalyst to oil ratio required to maximize olefins yields through increased catalytic cracking in a multi stage FCC riser/risers. 1. A method for increasing olefin production from a hydrocarbon feed , said method comprises: a) delivering from a multi-stage catalyst regenerator a fully-regenerated catalyst from at least one catalyst full regeneration zone to a primary riser reactor; b) cracking the hydrocarbon feed in the primary riser reactor to produce a first cracked product , and spent catalyst; c) further cracking the first cracked product in a bed cracking reaction zone atop the primary riser reactor to produce a second cracked product including olefins; d) separating the first cracked product and the second cracked product including olefins from the spent catalyst in a reactor vessel comprising the bed cracking reaction zone; e) recovering the first cracked product and second cracked product including olefins; and f) passing the spent catalyst from the reactor vessel to the multi-stage catalyst regenerator comprising the at least one catalyst full regeneration zone and at least one catalyst partial-regeneration zone , wherein the spent catalyst is partially regenerated in the catalyst partial regeneration zone to provide partially-regenerated catalyst and forwarding the partially-regenerated catalyst to the catalyst full regeneration zone to provide fully regenerated catalyst.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the multi-stage catalyst regenerator comprises two catalyst regenerator vessels that operate in series with one another.3. The method of ...

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Номер записи: 64
04-06-2020 дата публикации

FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING PROCESS

Номер: US20200171453A1
Автор: Gandham Sri Ganesh, Kumar Pramod, Rao Peddy Vendata Chalapathi, Shidhaye Hrishikesh Shiram
Принадлежит:

A fluid catalytic cracking unit (FCCU) for production of petrochemical feedstock fractions comprises a first reactor to receive a stream of desalinated crude oil and produce a first cracked product stream; a second reactor to receive a stream of light cracked naphtha (LCN) and produce a second cracked product stream; a third reactor to receive a bottom stream and produce a third cracked product stream; and a fractionating column and gas concentration section to separate components of the first cracked product stream, the second cracked product stream, and the third cracked product stream to produce, upon further fractionation, Ethylene, Propylene, Butylene, Benzene, Toluene and Xylene as the petrochemical feedstock fractions. 1. A fluid catalytic cracking unit (FCCU) for production of petrochemical feedstock fractions , the FCCU comprising:a first reactor to receive a stream of desalinated crude oil and a first stream of a regenerated catalyst and produce a first cracked product stream;a second reactor to receive a stream of light cracked naphtha (LCN) and a second stream of the regenerated catalyst to produce a second cracked product stream;a third reactor to receive a bottom stream and a third stream of the regenerated catalyst to obtain a third cracked product stream; anda fractionating column and gas concentration section to separate components of the first cracked product stream, the second cracked product stream, and the third cracked product stream to produce a gas fraction, a cracked naphtha stream, a cycle cut oil stream, and the bottom stream,wherein the LCN received by the second reactor is obtained from the cracked naphtha stream, andwherein the gas fraction and the cracked naphtha stream are further fractionated to obtain Ethylene, Propylene, Butylene, Benzene, Toluene and Xylene as the petrochemical feedstock fractions.2. The FCCU as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first and third reactors are operated as co-current reactors and the second reactor is ...

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Номер записи: 65
15-07-2021 дата публикации

A Multi-Stage Fluidized Catalytic Reaction Process of Petroleum Hydrocarbons and an Apparatus Thereof

Номер: US20210214623A1
Автор: Shi Baozhen, SHI Lin
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to the technical field of petroleum hydrocarbon catalytic conversion, referring to a multi-stage fluidized catalytic reaction process of petroleum hydrocarbon. In the present reaction process, multi-stage reaction takes place in the same reactor, including first order reaction and the second order reaction of FCC feedstock oil, cracking reaction process of light hydrocarbons and/or cycle oil. In the present process, catalyst replacement and two-stage relayed reaction takes place between the first and second order reaction of feedstock oil. Two-stage reaction of light hydrocarbons and/or cycle oil takes place too. These reactions take place in different region in the same one reactor. The first order reaction of light hydrocarbons and/or cycle oil takes place in independent region. In the present invention, catalytic cracking conversion of catalytic feedstock oil, light hydrocarbon and cycle oil takes place in respective reaction region and reaction condition. Multi-stage and stepped selectivity control of catalyst and reaction temperature is realized. Multi-stage reaction and stepped arrangement of temperature is realized in the same reactor. It could improve the yield and selectivity of olefin, and decrease the yield of by-products such as coke obviously. 1. A multi-stage fluidized catalytic reaction process of petroleum hydrocarbon , characterized in that:in the present reaction process, multi-stage reaction takes place in the same reactor, including the first order reaction, the second order reaction of feedstock oil and cracking reaction process of light hydrocarbons and/or cycle oil; in the present process, catalyst replacement and two-stage relayed reaction takes place between the first and second order reaction of catalytic cracking feedstock oil, two-stage reaction of light hydrocarbons and/or cycle oil takes place too; these reactions take place in different region in the same one reactor; the first order reaction of light ...

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Номер записи: 66
05-07-2018 дата публикации

Method and Device for Lightening Heavy Oil by Utilizing A Suspension-Bed Hydrogenation Process

Номер: US20180187103A1
Автор: Erxuan He, Guoliang Li, Ke Lin, LIN Li
Принадлежит: Beijing Huashi United Energy Technology and Development Co Ltd

A method and device for lightening heavy oil by utilizing a suspension-bed hydrogenation process are provided. In the process, a part of a raw oil is mixed with a suspension-bed hydrocracking catalyst to form a first mixture, then the first mixture is subjected to first shear and second shear in sequence so as to realize high dispersion and mixing of the catalyst and the raw oil; through pretreatment of the raw oil, the device can prevent the raw oil from coking in the hydrogenation process; through the adoption of a suspension-bed reactor with a liquid phase self-circulation function or a cold-wall function; and light and heavy components are separated from the suspension-bed hydrogenated product in advance and only medium component is subjected to fixed-bed hydrogenation, thereby reducing the load of the fixed-bed hydrogenation, prolonging the service life of the fixed-bed catalyst, improving the yield and quality of gasoline and diesel, and being beneficial for energy conservation and emission reduction of the whole system.

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Номер записи: 67
06-07-2017 дата публикации

Dual Bed Pyrolysis System and Method

Номер: US20170189877A1
Автор: "OBrian Michael A.", Abdullah Zia, Taha Rachid, WINECKI SLAWOMIR
Принадлежит:

A dual bed pyrolysis system may include a falling bed reactor employing a heat carrier particulate to pyrolyze biomass to create a pyrolysis product and a pyrolysis waste product. The dual bed pyrolysis system may also include a fluidized bed reactor. The fluidized bed reactor may accept the pyrolysis waste product including char and heat carrier particulate from the falling bed reactor. The fluidized bed reactor may combust the char in the presence of the heat carrier particulate. The fluidized bed reactor may combust the char to reheat the heat carrier particulate. The reheated heat carrier particulate may be provided to the falling bed reactor to pyrolyze biomass to create a pyrolysis product and a pyrolysis waste product. 1. A dual bed pyrolysis system , comprising: a reactor conduit defining a flow axis;', 'an inlet operatively coupled to receive a heat carrier particulate into the reactor conduit;', 'an outlet operatively coupled to direct the heat carrier particulate out of the reactor conduit;', 'one or more baffles mounted in the reactor conduit; and, 'a falling bed reactor, comprising a fluidized bed char combustion chamber; and', 'a flow input and a flow output in fluidic communication with fluidized bed char combustion chamber;, 'a fluidized bed reactor, comprising the outlet of the falling bed reactor is operatively coupled to the flow input of the fluidized bed reactor; and', 'the flow output of the fluidized bed reactor is operatively coupled to the inlet of the falling bed reactor., 'wherein2. The dual bed pyrolysis system of claim 1 , further comprising one or more of:a first auger or conveyor or downward sloping pipe, the outlet of falling bed reactor being operatively coupled to the flow input of the fluidized bed reactor via the first auger or conveyor or downward sloping pipe; anda second auger or conveyor or downward sloping pipe, the flow output of the fluidized bed reactor being operatively coupled to the inlet of the falling bed reactor via ...

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Номер записи: 68
20-06-2019 дата публикации

COUNTERCURRENT CONTACTING DEVICES AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE

Номер: US20190184367A1
Автор: ESCOBAR Sergio, Nieuwoudt Izak
Принадлежит:

The contacting device for countercurrent contacting of fluid streams and having a first pair of intersecting grids of spaced-apart and parallel deflector blades and a second pair of intersecting grids of spaced-apart and parallel deflector blades. The deflector blades in each one of the grids are interleaved with the deflector blades in the paired intersecting grid and may have uncut side portions that join them together along a transverse strip where the deflector blades cross each other and cut side portions that extend from the uncut side portions to the ends of the deflector blades. At least some of the deflector blades have directional tabs and associated openings to allow portions of the fluid streams to pass through the deflector blades to facilitate mixing of the fluid streams. 1. A contacting device for the countercurrent contacting of a solid and liquid phase or a liquid and vapor phase , said contacting device comprising:a first grid formed of a first set of spaced-apart and parallel-extending deflector blades;a second grid formed of a second set of spaced-apart and parallel-extending deflector blades that are interleaved with and cross the first set of deflector blades at a preselected angle, adjacent ones of the interleaved deflector blades in the first and second sets each having opposite ends and side edges, the side edges having portions that join the adjacent ones of the interleaved deflector blades along a transverse strip where the deflector blades cross; andapertures formed in the deflector blades of the first and/or second sets of deflector blades and directional tabs associated with the apertures.2. The contacting device of claim 1 , wherein the directional tabs associated with the apertures extend upwardly from deflector blades of the first and/or second sets of deflector blades.3. The contacting device of claim 1 , wherein the directional tabs associated with the apertures extend downwardly from deflector blades of the first and/or second ...

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Номер записи: 69
11-06-2020 дата публикации

METHOD AND APPARATUS OF PREPARING CATALYST FOR FUEL CELL

Номер: US20200179893A1
Автор: Hong Woong Pyo, Kwon Se Hun, Lee Woo Jae
Принадлежит:

A method for producing a catalyst for a fuel cell comprising: a) injecting carbon particles into a fluidized bed reactor; b) evacuating the fluidized bed reactor to form a base pressure; c) introducing a catalytic metal precursor together with a carrier gas into the fluidized bed reactor to contact the catalytic metal precursor with the carbon particles; d d) purging a purge gas into the fluidized bed reactor; e) introducing a reaction gas into the fluidized bed reactor to attach the catalytic metal precursor to the carbon particles; and f) purging a purge gas into the fluidized bed reactor, wherein, the catalytic metal is attached to the carbon particles in a form of nano-sized spot. 1. A method for producing a catalyst for a fuel cell comprising:a) injecting carbon particles into a fluidized bed reactor;b) evacuating the fluidized bed reactor to form a base pressure;c) introducing a catalytic metal precursor together with a carrier gas into the fluidized bed reactor to contact the catalytic metal precursor with the carbon particles;d) purging a purge gas into the fluidized bed reactor;e) introducing a reaction gas into the fluidized bed reactor to attach the catalytic metal precursor to the carbon particles; andf) purging a purge gas into the fluidized bed reactor,wherein, the catalytic metal is attached to the carbon particles in a form of nano-sized spot.2. The method of claim 1 ,further comprising repeating the steps c) to f) plural times to grow the catalytic metal spot adhered to the carbon particles.3. The method of claim 1 ,wherein the step c) is performed for 90 to 150 seconds,wherein the step d) is performed for 60 to 120 seconds,wherein the step e) is performed for 60 to 120 seconds, andwherein the step (f) is performed for 60 to 120 seconds.4. The method of claim 1 ,wherein, the method further comprises a step of applying vibration to the fluidized bed reactor at 10 to 500 Hz to remove an adhesion material in an upper mesh in the steps c) to f).5. The ...

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Номер записи: 70
02-10-2014 дата публикации

Chemical-looping combustion method with ashes and fines removal in the reduction zone and plant using same

Номер: US20140295359A1
Автор: Ali Hoteit, Florent Guillou, Sebastien Rifflart, Thierry Gauthier
Принадлежит: Individual

The invention relates to an improved method for chemical-looping combustion of a solid hydrocarbon-containing feed using a particular configuration of the reduction zone with: a first reaction zone R1 operating under dense fluidized bed conditions; a second reaction zone R2; a fast separation zone S3 for separation of the unburnt solid feed particles, of fly ashes and of the oxygen-carrying material particles within a mixture coming from zone R2; fumes dedusting S4; a particle stream division zone D7, part of the particles being directly recycled to first reaction zone R1, the other part being sent to an elutriation separation zone S5 in order to collect the ashes through a line 18 and to recycle the dense particles through a line 20 to first reaction zone R1. The invention also relates to a chemical-looping combustion plant allowing said method to be implemented.

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Номер записи: 71
26-07-2018 дата публикации

PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR THERMAL TREATMENT OF GRANULAR SOLIDS

Номер: US20180207598A1
Автор: Klett Cornelis, Missalla Michael, Stroder Michael, Sturm Peter
Принадлежит: OUTOTEC (FINLAND) OY

The invention relates to a process and the respective installation for thermal treatment of granular solids, in particular for producing aluminum oxide from aluminum hydroxide, wherein the solids are heated in at least one preheating stage and then reacted in a reactor at 700 to 1400° C. In at least one preheating stage, the average temperature gradient of the solids amounts to <15K/s and the dwell time of the solids amounts to ≥15 s. 1. A process for thermal treatment of granular solids , in particular for production of aluminum oxide from aluminum hydroxide , in which the solids are heated in at least one preheating stage and then are reacted in a reactor at 700 to 1400° C. , characterized in that , the average temperature gradient of the solids amounts to <15 K/s and the dwell time of the solids amounts to ≥15 s in at least one preheating stage.2. The process according to claim 1 , characterized in that the solids are heated to 140 to 180° C. in a first preheating stage and/or heated to 200 to 400° C. in a preheating stage downstream from the first preheating stage and/or in the downstream preheating stage claim 1 , the average temperature gradient of the solids amounts to <15 K/s and the dwell time of the solids amounts to >15 s.3. The process according to or claim 1 , characterized in that the average temperature gradient of the solids in the first 10% of the dwell time is above the average temperature gradient over the entire dwell time.4. The process according to claim 3 , characterized in that claim 3 , the average temperature gradient of the solids in the first 10% of the dwell time is more than twice as great as the average temperature gradient over the total dwell time.5. The process according to any one of the preceding claims claim 3 , characterized in that the solids are heated in countercurrent with the heating medium in at least two preheating stages connected after one another.6. The process according to any one of the preceding claims claim 3 , ...

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Номер записи: 72
26-07-2018 дата публикации

Fcc yield selectivity improvements in high containment riser termination systems

Номер: US20180208858A1
Автор: Jeff Sexton, Nikolas Larsen
Принадлежит: Marathon Petroleum Co LP

The invention provides an improved system for separation technology intended to reduce unwanted catalyst/thermal reactions by minimizing contact of the hydrocarbons and the catalyst within the reactor.

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Номер записи: 73
05-08-2021 дата публикации

METHOD FOR DRYING WET POLYMER COMPOSITION

Номер: US20210239395A1
Автор: GUZMAN-CARRAZCO Job Daniel, HELMI SIASI FARAMANI Arash, MILOSEVIC Miran, RHEE Aaron Seung-Joon, ROGHAIR Ivo, Van Sint Annaland Martin
Принадлежит: Sabic Global Technologies B.V.

The invention relates to a method for drying a wet polymer composition obtained from a polymerization process, comprising: a) introducing the wet polymer composition and a drying gas into a fluidized bed dryer to form a fluidized bed of the wet polymer composition and b) heating the fluidized bed to obtain a dry polymer composition, wherein the fluidized bed further comprises an anti-fouling agent comprising inert nanoparticles. 1. A method for drying a wet polymer composition obtained from a polymerization process , comprising:a) introducing the wet polymer composition and a drying gas into a fluidized bed dryer to form a fluidized bed of the wet polymer composition andb) heating the fluidized bed to obtain a dry polymer composition,wherein the fluidized bed further comprises an anti-fouling agent comprising inert nanoparticles.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the fluidized bed dryer contains internal heating elements.3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the wet polymer composition comprises powders of a polymer and residual volatile hydrocarbons used during the polymerization of the polymer claim 1 , wherein the amount of the residual volatile hydrocarbons in the wet polymer composition is 5 to 50 wt %.4. A method according to claim 1 , where the wet polymer composition comprises powders of one or more polymers selected from the group consisting of polyolefins.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the drying gas is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen claim 1 , air and carbon dioxide.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the amount of the anti-fouling agent is 0.1 to 5 wt % of the dry polymer composition.7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the inert nanoparticles are selected from the group consisting of fumed silica claim 1 , carbon black and organoclay.8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the anti-fouling agent consists of the inert nanoparticles or the anti-fouling agent comprises a hydrophobic coating ...

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Номер записи: 74
12-08-2021 дата публикации

SPRAY, JET, AND/OR SPLASH INDUCED CIRCULATION AMONG INTEGRATED BUBBLING ZONES IN A BUBBLING FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR

Номер: US20210245130A1
Автор: Gustavsson Christer, Larsson Anton, Pallarès David, Seemann Martin, Ström Henrik, Thunman Henrik
Принадлежит:

Various aspects provide for a fluidized bed reactor comprising a container having a bed of bed solids and a splashgenerator configured to impart a directed momentum to a portion of the bed solids. A bedwall may separate the bed solids into first and second reaction zones, and the directed momentum may be used to transfer bed solids from one zone to the other. A return passage may provide for return of the transferred bed solids, providing for circulation between the zones. A compact circulating bubbling fluidized bed may be integrated with a reactor having first and second stages, each with its own fluidization gas and ambient. A multistage reactor may comprise a gaswall separating at least the gas phases above two different portions of the bed. A gaslock beneath the gaswall may provide reduced gas transport while allowing bed transport, reducing contamination. 1400400410410420500700. A fluidized bed reactor ( , ′ , , ′ , , , ) configured to react a fuel in a fluidized bed of bed solids , the reactor comprising:{'b': '303', 'claim-text': [{'b': '312', 'claim-text': [{'b': 314', '312, 'a LowOx gas inlet () disposed at a first portion of a bottom of the container and configured to fluidize the bed solids in the LowOx reaction zone () to create a first bubbling fluidized bed; and'}, {'b': 311', '314, 'a LowOx gas supply () configured to supply an inert and/or less-oxidizing gas to the LowOx gas inlet () to volatilize the fuel to yield a volatiles stream and char; and'}], 'a LowOx reaction zone () comprising, {'b': '332', 'claim-text': [{'b': 334', '332, 'an oxidant inlet () disposed at a second portion of the bottom of the container configured to fluidize the bed solids in the HiOx reaction zone () to create a second bubbling fluidized bed;'}, {'b': 331', '334', '311, 'a HiOx gas supply () configured to supply the oxidant inlet () with a gas that is more oxidizing than that supplied by the LowOx gas supply (), the HiOx gas supply and oxidant inlet configured to combust ...

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Номер записи: 75
23-10-2014 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DUAL FLUIDIZED BED GASIFICATION

Номер: US20140314630A1
Автор: APANEL George, WRIGHT Harold A.
Принадлежит:

A system for production of high-quality syngas comprising a first dual fluidized bed loop having a fluid bed conditioner operable to produce high quality syngas comprising a first percentage of components other than carbon monoxide and hydrogen from a gas feed, wherein the conditioner comprises an outlet for a first catalytic heat transfer stream comprising a catalytic heat transfer material and having a first temperature, and an inlet for a second catalytic heat transfer stream comprising catalytic heat transfer material and having a second temperature greater than the first temperature; a fluid bed combustor operable to combust fuel and oxidant, wherein the fluid bed combustor comprises an inlet connected with the outlet for a first catalytic heat transfer stream of the conditioner, and an outlet connected with the inlet for a second catalytic heat transfer stream of the conditioner; and a catalytic heat transfer material. 1. A system for production of high quality synthesis gas , the system comprising: a fluid bed conditioner operable to produce a high quality synthesis gas comprising a first percentage of components other than carbon monoxide and hydrogen from a gas feed comprising a low quality synthesis gas comprising a second percentage of components other than carbon monoxide and hydrogen, wherein the second percentage is greater than the first percentage, wherein the fluid bed conditioner comprises an outlet for a first catalytic heat transfer stream comprising a catalytic heat transfer material and having a first temperature, and an inlet for a second catalytic heat transfer stream comprising catalytic heat transfer material and having a second temperature that is greater than the first temperature;', 'a fluid bed combustor operable to combust fuel and oxidant introduced thereto, wherein the fluid bed combustor comprises an inlet fluidly connected with the outlet for a first catalytic heat transfer stream of the fluid bed conditioner, and an outlet fluidly ...

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Номер записи: 76
26-08-2021 дата публикации

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR COOLING OR HEATING A FINE-GRAINED SOLID

Номер: US20210260551A1
Автор: Hensler Timo, MADUTA Robert, PERANDER Linus, SCHNEIDER GUNTER, Weissenburger Eugen
Принадлежит:

A device for cooling a fine-grained solid includes a fluidized bed cooler/heater in which the solid is fluidized with a fluidizing gas and thereby releases energy in the form of heat within the cooler/heater at least two cyclones which are connected in parallel. The cyclones are arranged such that after the fluidization of the solid the fluidizing gas passes through the cyclones so contained particles are removed. 110.-. (canceled)11. A device for cooling a fine-grained solid , comprising a fluidized bed cooler/heater in which the solid is fluidized with a fluidizing gas and thereby releases energy in the form of heat , wherein at least two cyclones connected in parallel are provided within the cooler/heater , whereby the cyclones are arranged such that after the fluidization of the solid the fluidizing gas passes through the cyclones so contained particles are removed wherein all cyclones connected in parallel have a common outlet leg for withdrawing the particles from the fluidized bed cooler/heater.12. The device according to claim 11 , wherein the fluidized bed cooler/heater is divided into at least two different segments which are in fluidic contact with one another.13. The device according to claim 11 , wherein at least one cyclone has a tangential inlet.14. The device according to claim 11 , wherein the common outlet leg features additional nozzles for fluidizing the separated particles.15. The device according to claim 11 , wherein the outlet leg opens into a collecting container.16. The device according to claim 11 , wherein the outlet leg opens into a fluidized bed.17. The device according to claim 11 , wherein the outlet leg opens into the fluidized bed of the fluidized bed cooler/heater established therein during operation.18. The device according to claim 11 , wherein the out-let leg opens into a seal pot.19. The device according to claim 11 , wherein the outlet leg has a flap. The invention belongs to a device and its relating method for cooling or ...

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Номер записи: 77
26-08-2021 дата публикации

FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING PROCESS FOR CRACKING MULTIPLE FEEDSTOCKS

Номер: US20210261870A1
Автор: Davydov Lev, Durai Sakthivelan Maadasamy, KULPRATHIPANJA Sathit, Mehlberg Robert, Walker Patrick D., Wojtowicz Matthew R.
Принадлежит:

A fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process for cracking multiple feedstocks in a FCC apparatus comprising a first set of feed distributors having first distributor tips and a second set of feed distributors having second distributor tips is provided. A first feed is injected into the riser from first distributor tips. A second feed is injected into the riser from second distributor tips. The first distributor tips and the second distributor tips are positioned at different radii in the riser. The first feed and the second feed are cracked in the riser in the presence of an FCC catalyst to provide a cracked effluent stream. The first distributor tips and the second distributor tips are located into a region of lower catalyst density and a region of higher catalyst density respectively in the riser. 1. A fluid catalytic cracking process for cracking multiple feedstocks in a fluid catalytic cracking apparatus comprising a riser , the riser comprising a first set of feed distributors having first distributor tips and a second set of feed distributors having second distributor tips positioned around the perimeter of the riser , the process comprising:injecting from the first distributor tips of the first set of feed distributors, a first feed into the riser;injecting from the second distributor tips of the second set of feed distributors, a second feed into the riser,wherein the first distributor tips are positioned at a first radius in the riser and the second distributor tips are positioned at a second radius with respect to a center point of the riser; andcracking the first feed and the second feed in the riser in the presence of a fluid catalytic cracking catalyst to provide a cracked effluent stream.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the second distributor tips are spaced apart from the first distributor tips at a vertical distance of no more than about an inner diameter of the riser.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first distributor tips are located into a ...

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Номер записи: 78
30-08-2018 дата публикации

COMPACT TWO-STAGE REGENERATOR AND PROCESS FOR USING

Номер: US20180243715A1
Автор: Davydov Lev, Mehlberg Robert L., Palmas Paolo, Stine Michael A.
Принадлежит:

A process and apparatus for combusting coke from catalyst two stages is disclosed. Catalyst and flue gas from a lower chamber ascends to an upper chamber to be roughly separated by swirl ducts extending from a combustion conduit. The swirl ducts may discharge into a container in the upper chamber. 1. A catalyst regenerator vessel for combusting coke from catalyst comprising:a lower chamber having a catalyst inlet for feeding spent catalyst to said lower chamber and a gas distributor for distributing combustion gas to said lower chamber;a conduit from said lower chamber extending from said lower chamber to an upper chamber;a swirl duct having a curved wall and an open end for discharging catalyst and flue gas from said conduit into said upper chamber;a cyclone in communication with said swirl duct;a flue gas outlet for discharging flue gas from said upper chamber; anda regenerated catalyst outlet from said upper chamber and said vessel.2. The regenerator vessel of further comprising a container surrounding said conduit interposed between the conduit and said regenerated catalyst outlet.3. The regenerator vessel of wherein said container has a wall that extends to said lower chamber.4. The regenerator vessel of wherein said container has a first lateral side comprising opposed edges that define a first window; said first window located on the container opposed away from said regenerated catalyst outlet.5. The regenerator vessel of wherein said container comprises a plurality of first windows positioned on the container nonlinearly with the regenerated catalyst outlet outside of said container.6. The regenerator vessel of further comprising a plurality of second windows positioned on the container linear with the regenerated catalyst outlet outside of said container.7. The regenerator vessel of wherein said container has a cap above said swirl duct and said cap has a cap opening therein to allow flue gas to exit from said container.8. The regenerator vessel of further ...

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Номер записи: 79
14-09-2017 дата публикации

FLUIDIZED CATALYST STRIPPING UNIT FOR DISPLACING ENTRAINED GAS FROM CATALYST PARTICLES

Номер: US20170259238A1
Автор: Pretz Matthew T.
Принадлежит: Dow Global Technologies LLC

A fluidized catalyst stripping unit for displacing entrained gas from catalyst particles comprising: a vessel housing a two stage cyclonic separation section which comprises one or more primary cyclonic separation devices and one or more secondary cyclones; a stripping section which comprises internals; and an inlet in fluid communication with a catalytic reactor to feed a particulate-fluid suspension to the two stage cyclonic separation section; wherein each primary cyclonic separation device comprises an internal cylindrical surface to separate a major fraction of the particulates from the suspension and form a vortex of reduced particulate content; a particulate discharge outlet from each secondary cyclone to the stripping section; wherein the particulate discharge outlet of the secondary cyclone is submerged in a catalyst bed located above the stripper internals, and wherein the stripping section comprises one or more bubble breaking grids within the catalyst bed and above the stripping internals is provided. 1. A fluidized catalyst stripping unit for displacing entrained gas from catalyst particles comprising: a two stage cyclonic separation section comprising one or more primary cyclonic separation devices and one or more secondary cyclones;', 'a stripping section comprising internals and one or more bubble breaking grids;', 'a particulate discharge outlet from each secondary cyclone to the stripping section; and', 'an inlet in fluid communication with a catalytic reactor to feed a particulate-fluid suspension to the two stage cyclonic separation section;', 'wherein:', 'each primary cyclonic separation device comprises an internal cylindrical surface to separate a major fraction of the particulates from the suspension and form a vortex of reduced particulate content;', 'the particulate discharge outlet of the secondary cyclone is submerged in a catalyst bed which is located above the stripper internals within the stripping section, and', 'the one or more ...

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Номер записи: 80
01-10-2015 дата публикации

Process and apparatus for distributing fluidizing gas to an fcc riser

Номер: US20150273424A1
Автор: Daniel R. Johnson, Michael A. Stine, Michael S. Sandacz, Paolo Palmas
Принадлежит: UOP LLC

A process and apparatus described is for distributing fluidizing gas to a riser. Fluidizing gas is delivered to a plenum below the riser. A first stream of fluidizing gas is distributed from the plenum into a chamber in a riser and a second stream of fluidizing gas is distributed from the plenum into the riser outside of the chamber. First nozzles in the plenum have a first outlet in the chamber and second nozzles in the plenum have a second outlet outside of the chamber. Streams of regenerated catalyst and carbonized catalyst may be passed to the riser and mixed around the chamber in a lower section of a riser.

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Номер записи: 81
01-10-2015 дата публикации

Fluidized Bed Reactor and Method for Preparing Polyoxymethylene Dimethyl Ethers from Dimethoxymethane and Paraformaldehyde

Номер: US20150273426A1
Автор: CHEN SHUANGXI, TANG Qiang, Wang Jinfu, Wang Shengwei, Wang Tiefeng, WANG Yuqiang
Принадлежит:

The invention belongs to energy chemical technical field, especially relates to a fluidized bed reactor and a method for preparation of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers from dimethoxymethane and paraformaldehyde. The fluidized bed reactor comprises a gas inlet, a gas distributor, a catalyst inlet, a gas outlet, a fluid inlet, a catalyst outlet, a bottom component and an interstage component, a bottom component related gas upward channel, an interstage component related gas upward channel, a fluid outlet, a bottom downcorner and an interstage downcorner. A process for preparation of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers comprises the steps of: fluidizing gas is introduced into a bottom bed from the gas inlet via the bottom component related gas upward channel through the gas distributor; the fluidizing gas goes upwards and flows out of the reactor via the gas outlet; paraformaldehyde and dimethoxymethane are introduced into a bed through the fluid inlet; the fluid goes downwards and leaves the reactor via the fluid outlet. Compared with a conventional cannula reactor, the fluidized bed reactor improves the dispersion uniformity of catalyst and conversion of formaldehyde. 1. A fluidized bed reactor for preparation of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers from dimethoxymethane and paraformaldehyde ,{'b': 107', '207', '307', '211', '311', '1', '311', '2', '107', '207', '307', '107', '207', '307, 'wherein the reactor is single-stage or multi-stage, and equipped with a bottom component (, , ); when the reactor is a multi-stage fluidized bed reactor, one or more interstage components (, -, -) are installed inside the reactor above the bottom component (, , ), thus dividing the space between the bottom component (, , ) and the top of the reactor into two or more stages;'}{'b': 103', '203', '1', '203', '2', '303', '1', '303', '2', '303', '3', '108', '208', '1', '208', '2', '308', '1', '308', '2', '308', '3', '102', '202', '1', '202', '2', '302', '1', '302', '2', '302', '3, 'in each ...

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Номер записи: 82
22-08-2019 дата публикации

FLUID CATALYTIC REACTORS WHICH INCLUDE FLOW DIRECTORS

Номер: US20190255498A1
Автор: Freireich Ben J., Kodam Madhusudhan, Pretz Matthew T., Stears Brien A., Stewart Mark W.
Принадлежит: Dow Global Technologies LLC

According to one or more embodiments, a fluid catalytic reactor may include a riser, a lower reactor portion, a transition portion, and a flow director. The riser may include a cross-sectional area, and the lower reactor portion may include a cross-sectional area. The transition portion may attach the riser to the lower reactor portion. The cross-sectional area of the riser may be less than the cross-sectional area of the lower reactor portion such that the transition portion is tapered inward from the lower reactor portion to the riser. The flow director may be positioned at least within an interior region of the transition portion. The flow director may include a body which affects the velocity profile of fluids moving from the lower reactor portion to the riser. 1. A fluid catalytic reactor comprising:a riser comprising cross-sectional area;a lower reactor portion comprising a cross-sectional area;a transition portion attaching the riser to the lower reactor portion, wherein the cross-sectional area of the riser is less than the cross-sectional area of the lower reactor portion such that the transition portion is tapered inward from the lower reactor portion to the riser; anda flow director positioned at least within an interior region of the transition portion, wherein the flow director affects the velocity profile of fluids moving from the lower reactor portion to the riser.2. The fluid catalytic reactor of claim 1 , wherein the flow director fills at least 10% of a volume of the transition portion.3. The fluid catalytic reactor of claim 1 , wherein the flow director fills at least 20% of a volume of the transition portion.4. The fluid catalytic reactor of claim 1 , wherein the flow director fills from 20% to 45% of a volume of the transition portion.5. The fluid catalytic reactor of claim 1 , wherein the flow director comprises a conical structure.6. The fluid catalytic reactor of claim 1 , wherein the flow director comprises a frustum structure.7. The fluid ...

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Номер записи: 83
29-08-2019 дата публикации

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING PROPENE AND C4 HYDROCARBON

Номер: US20190263730A1
Автор: He Changqing, JIA Jinming, Liu Zhongmin, TANG Hailong, Wang Xiangao, Ye Mao, ZHANG Jinling, Zhang Tao, ZHAO Yinfeng
Принадлежит: Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences

A method and device for preparing propylene and C4 hydrocarbons from oxygen-containing compounds. The method includes returning 70 wt. % or more of the light fractions in the generated product to a dense phase zone of a fast fluidized-bed reactor from a reactor feed distributor at the bottom-most of the fast fluidized-bed reactor to react ethylene and the oxygen-containing compounds to perform an alkylation reaction in presence of a catalyst to produce products of propylene and the like, and circulating 80 wt. % or more of the hydrocarbons with 5 or more carbons into a catalytic cracking lift pipe to perform a cracking reaction to generate a product containing propylene and C hydrocarbons, which is subsequently fed into a dilute phase zone of the fast fluidized-bed reactor. The method and device of the present invention improve the reaction rate of ethylene alkylation, and the unit volume production capacity of reactor is high. 114-. (canceled)15. A device for preparing propylene and C4 hydrocarbons from oxygen-containing compounds , comprising:a fast fluidized-bed reactor, the fast fluidized-bed reactor comprises a reactor shell, one or more reactor feed distributors, a first reactor gas-solid separator, a second reactor gas-solid separator, a reactor heat extractor, a product gas outlet and a reactor stripper, wherein the lower part of the fast fluidized-bed reactor is a dense phase zone, the upper part of the fast fluidized-bed reactor is a dilute phase zone, the n reactor feed distributors are disposed in the dense phase zone, the reactor heat extractor is disposed inside or outside the reactor shell, the first reactor gas-solid separator and the second reactor gas-solid separator are placed outside the reactor shell, the inlet of the first reactor gas-solid separator is connected to a regenerated catalyst lift pipe, the catalyst outlet of the first reactor gas-solid separator is located at the bottom of the dense phase zone, the gas outlet of the first reactor ...

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Номер записи: 84
27-09-2018 дата публикации

PRODUCT CONTAINER FOR A FLUIDIZED BED INSTALLATION AND FLUIDIZED BED INSTALLATION

Номер: US20180272305A1
Автор: Kaufmann Harald
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a product container for a fluidized bed installation () having a product container wall (), a product container bottom (), a product container opening () opposite the product container bottom (), a distributor bottom () between the product container bottom () and the product container opening (14), and at least one volume-reducing element () which can be releasably attached to the distributor bottom (), on that side (-) of the distributor bottom () oriented toward the product container opening (), and by means of which the free volume of the product container () between the distributor bottom () and the product container opening () is reduced. 11. A product container for a fluidized bed installation () , the product container comprising:{'b': '12', 'a product container wall (),'}{'b': '13', 'a product container bottom (),'}{'b': 14', '13, 'a product container opening () opposite the product container bottom (),'}{'b': 20', '13', '14, 'a distributor bottom () between the product container bottom () and the product container opening (), and'}{'b': 40', '20', '20', '1', '20', '14', '10', '20', '14, 'at least one volume-reducing element () which is configured to be releasably attached to the distributor bottom (), on a side (-) of the distributor bottom () oriented toward the product container opening (), and by which a free volume of the product container () between the distributor bottom () and the product container opening () is reduced.'}210. The product container () according to claim 1 ,{'b': 40', '42', '41, 'in which the volume-reducing element () has a bottom region () and a casing (), and'}{'b': 42', '40', '20, 'in which the bottom region () of the volume-reducing element () is configured to be releasably attached to the distributor bottom ().'}310. The product container () according to claim 1 , in which the volume-reducing element is conical.410404341424020. The product container () according to claim 2 , in which the volume- ...

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Номер записи: 85
06-10-2016 дата публикации

FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR SYSTEM

Номер: US20160288076A1
Автор: HOFBAUER Hermann, PROELL Tobias, Schmid Johannes
Принадлежит:

A fluidized bed reactor system with one or more fluidized bed reactors for carrying out chemical or physical reactions, at least one reactor thereof being a rapidly fluidized reactor to be operated as a circulating fluidized bed and having, at the upper end, a fluid outlet, a particle separator, and a particle line connected thereto for the purpose of feeding back separated fluidized bed particles into the same or a further reactor, wherein, at least one rapidly fluidized reactor has one or more flow control devices producing reaction zones that are separate from one another, and in order to control the flow conditions into the reaction zones, one or more of these flow control devices are specifically adjustable from outside of the system. 1. A fluidized-bed reactor system , comprising:a fast fluidized bed reactor configured to carry out chemical or physical reactions,wherein the fast fluidized bed reactor is configured to be operated as a circulating fluidized bed,wherein the fast fluidized bed reactor comprises, at the upper end, a fluid outlet, a particle separator, and a particle line connected so as to feed back separated fluidized-bed particles into the same or another reactor,wherein one or more flow controllers are provided in at least one fast fluidized reactor in order to create separate reaction zones therein, andwherein one or more of the flow controllers are accurately adjustable from outside of the system to control flow conditions in the reaction zones.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein a horizontal cross-sectional area of the at least one fast fluidized reactor at a height of an accurately adjustable flow controller claim 1 , is changeable by adjusting the flow controller.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the accurately adjustable flow controllers can be adjusted by hand.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the accurately adjustable flow controllers is driven by a motor.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the accurately ...

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Номер записи: 86
25-12-2014 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING SYNTHESIS GAS BY GASIFYING A BIOMASS IN A FLUIDIZED BED

Номер: US20140374661A1
Автор: Abraham Ralf, Heinritz-Adrian Max, Pavone Domenico
Принадлежит: THYSSENKRUPP INDUSTRIAL SOLUTIONS AG

A method for producing synthesis gas by gasifying a biomass in a fluidized bed is disclosed wherein the biomass is fed to a fluidized bed gasifier. In order to eliminate vapor-forming alkalis produced during the gasification, the method brings the synthesis gas into contact with getter ceramics. 1. A process for producing synthesis gas by gasification of a biomass in a fluidized bed , by feeding the biomass to a fluidized bed gasifier , wherein the synthesis gas is contacted with getter ceramics.2. The process as claimed in claim 1 ,wherein the getter ceramics are contacted with the biomass with an apparatus connected upstream of the fluidized bed gasifier.3. The process as claimed in claim 1 ,wherein the getter ceramics are passed into the fluidized bed gasifier and come into contact with the synthesis gas.4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein vaporous alkalis present in the synthesis gas are contacted with steam.5. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the synthesis gas is detected by a measurement probe connected downstream of the fluidized bed gasifier.6. The process as claimed in claim 1 ,wherein the getter ceramics which collect in a warm gas filter connected downstream of the fluidized bed gasifier are recycled into the fluidized bed gasifier.7. The process as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the feed of the getter ceramics into the upstream apparatuses and/or into the fluidized bed gasifier is controlled.8. A plant for performance of the process as claimed in claim 1 , comprising apparatuses connected up- and downstream of the fluidized bed gasifier claim 1 , wherein it comprises a getter ceramics silo.9. The plant as claimed in claim 8 , wherein it has a measurement probe connected downstream of the fluidized bed gasifier.10. The plant as claimed in claim 8 , wherein at least one feed line is formed between getter ceramics silo and fluidized bed gasifier and/or between getter ceramics silo and apparatuses connected upstream of the fluidized bed ...

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Номер записи: 87
04-10-2018 дата публикации

REACTION-REGENERATION DEVICE AND PROCESS FOR ALKANE DEHYDROGENATION TO ALKENE

Номер: US20180280909A1
Автор: LI Chunyi, Wang Guowei
Принадлежит: CHINA UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM (EAST CHINA)

A reaction-regeneration device for catalytic dehydrogenation or/and catalytic cracking of alkanes comprises a reaction device and a regeneration device. The reaction device comprises a reactor and a disengager, and the disengager is located at an upper part of the reactor. The reactor comprises a tapering section, and diameters of cross sections of the tapering section gradually decrease from bottom to top. Secondary conversion of alkenes caused by back-mixing is reduced, and thus the yield and selectivity to alkenes are increased. 1. A reaction-regeneration device for catalytic dehydrogenation or catalytic cracking of alkanes , comprising a reaction device and a regeneration device ,the reaction device comprising a reactor and a disengager,the disengager being located above the reactor,wherein the reactor comprises a tapering section, and diameters of cross sections of the tapering section gradually decrease from bottom to top.2. The reaction-regeneration device according to claim 1 , wherein the reactor comprises a dense-phase section and a dilute-phase section claim 1 ,the dense-phase section is located below the tapering section, and the dilute-phase section is located above the tapering section.3. The reaction-regeneration device according to claim 1 , wherein a catalyst riser is arranged inside the reactor claim 1 ,a rising medium pipe is arranged in the catalyst riser, andan outlet end of a regenerated catalyst conduit is connected with the catalyst riser.4. The reaction-regeneration device according to claim 2 , wherein the catalyst riser extends into the reactor through the bottom of the reactor claim 2 , andan outlet of the catalyst riser is located below the tapering section in the reactor.5. The reaction-regeneration device according to claim 2 , wherein a height of the catalyst riser in the reactor is less than two thirds of a height of the dense-phase section.6. The reaction-regeneration device according to claim 1 , wherein the tapering section of the ...

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Номер записи: 88
04-10-2018 дата публикации

FCC HIGH EFFICIENCY PARTIAL BURN REGENERATOR

Номер: US20180280964A1
Автор: Palmas Paolo
Принадлежит:

A process for combusting coke from catalyst in partial burn mode is disclosed. The partial burn regenerator runs deprived of oxygen such that the flue gas will contain a fair amount of carbon monoxide. The oxygen present in the flue gas can burn in the bed before reaching the dilute phase. The catalyst distributor is positioned in the upper chamber of the regeneration vessel for discharging the catalyst. 1. A process for combusting coke from catalyst comprising:delivering coked catalyst to a lower chamber of a regeneration vessel;contacting coked catalyst with oxygen to combust coke from the coked catalyst in a partial burn mode;transporting catalyst and flue gas from the lower chamber to an upper chamber of the regeneration vessel through a distributor into a dense catalyst bed in the upper chamber;separating flue gas from regenerated catalyst in the upper chamber;discharging regenerated catalyst from said upper chamber; anddischarging flue gas from said upper chamber.2. The process of wherein said distributor has a header defining a longitudinal axis and discharging said catalyst at an acute angle to said longitudinal axis.3. The process of further including discharging catalyst from said distributor through nozzles with a bottom disposed in the lower quarter of said header.4. The process of wherein said distributor discharges catalyst from under a top surface of the dense catalyst bed.5. The process of wherein said distributor is disposed in lower third of the upper chamber.6. The process of further comprising discharging catalyst from said distributor horizontally.7. The process of wherein said catalyst distributor has an inlet end and discharges catalyst at angles to said longitudinal axis claim 2 , said angles successively decrease as the distance from the inlet end increases.8. The process of further comprising transporting flue gas with catalyst from the lower chamber to the upper chamber through a plurality of headers each defining longitudinal axis.9. The ...

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Номер записи: 89
27-08-2020 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR TRANSITIONING BETWEEN INCOMPATIBLE CATALYSTS

Номер: US20200270373A1
Автор: Al-Humydi Abdulaziz Hamad, Banat Yahya, Fellahi Said
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a process for transitioning from a first continuous polymerization in a gas phase reactor conducted in the presence of a metallocene catalyst to a second polymerization conducted in the presence of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst in the gas phase reactor wherein the metallocene catalyst and the Ziegler-Natta catalysts are incompatible, the process comprising: (a) discontinuing the introduction of the metallocene catalyst into the gas phase reactor; (b) introducing an effective amount of cyclohexylamine into the reactor to at least partially deactivate the metallocene catalyst; (c) introducing an organometallic compound into the reactor and reacting the organometallic compound with cyclohexylamine; (d) degas the gas composition of the reactor and build up a new composition inside the reactor for the second polymerization with the Ziegler-Natta catalyst (e) introducing the Ziegler-Natta catalyst into the reactor. 1. A process for transitioning from a first continuous polymerization in a gas phase reactor conducted in the presence of a metallocene catalyst to a second polymerization conducted in the presence of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst in the gas phase reactor wherein the metallocene catalyst and the Ziegler-Natta catalyst are incompatible , the process comprising:(a) discontinuing the introduction of the metallocene catalyst into the gas phase reactor;(b) introducing an effective amount of cyclohexylamine into the reactor to at least partially deactivate the metallocene catalyst;(c) introducing an organometallic compound into the reactor and reacting the organometallic compound with cyclohexylamine;(d) degassing the gas composition of the reactor and building up a new composition inside the reactor for the second polymerization with the Ziegler-Natta catalyst; and(e) introducing the Ziegler-Natta catalyst into the reactor.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the organometallic compound is a trialkylaluminum compound.4. The process according ...

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Номер записи: 90
23-12-2021 дата публикации

Zoned fluidization process for catalytic conversion of hydrocarbon feedstocks to petrochemicals

Номер: US20210394145A1
Автор: Isidoro MORALES, Jorge Gascon, Jullian Vittenet, Lieven Gevers, Ola Salah ALI, Wei Xu, Youssef SAIH
Принадлежит: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology KAUST, Saudi Arabian Oil Co

A reaction unit for catalytic conversion of a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon containing feedstock to a petrochemical mixture, includes a housing; a fluid bed distributor plate located at a bottom of the housing; a regeneration zone and a stripping zone located above the fluid bed distributor plate, in which catalytic particles are housed; a reaction zone located above the stripping zone; and a condensation zone located above the reaction zone, in which a petrochemical product fluid is condensed.

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Номер записи: 91
19-09-2019 дата публикации

METHODS FOR DESIGNING SCALED-UP FLUID CATALYTIC REACTORS

Номер: US20190282987A1
Автор: Freireich Ben J., Kodam Madhusudhan, Pretz Matthew T., Stears Brien A.
Принадлежит: Dow Global Technologies LLC

According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a fluid catalytic reactor may be scaled-up by a method that includes one or more of constructing, operating, observing, or obtaining data related to a template fluid catalytic reactor comprising a template riser, a template lower reactor portion, and a template transition portion connecting the template riser and the template lower reactor portion. The method may further include one or more of constructing or operating a scaled-up fluid catalytic reactor based on the template fluid catalytic reactor. 1. A method for scaling-up a fluid catalytic reactor , the method comprising:one or more of constructing, operating, observing, or obtaining data related to a template fluid catalytic reactor comprising a template riser, a template lower reactor portion, and a template transition portion connecting the template riser and the template lower reactor portion; the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the scaled-up riser to the cross-sectional area of the template riser is from 80% to 120% of a scale-up factor;', 'the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the scaled-up lower reactor portion to the cross-sectional area of the template lower reactor portion is from 80% to 120% of the scale-up factor;', 'the scale-up factor is at least 1.3; and', 'the height of the scaled-up transition portion is at least 70% of the width of the scaled-up riser and from 70% to 130% of the height of the template transition portion., 'one or more of constructing or operating a scaled-up fluid catalytic reactor based on the template fluid catalytic reactor, the scaled-up fluid catalytic reactor comprising a scaled-up riser, a scaled-up lower reactor portion, and a scaled-up transition portion connecting the scaled-up riser and the scaled-up lower reactor portion, wherein2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the scale-up factor is at least 2.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the scale-up factor is from 1.3 to 5.4. The method of claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 92
26-10-2017 дата публикации

METHOD FOR THE DIRECT SYNTHESIS OF METHYL CHLOROSILANES IN FLUIDIZED-BED REACTORS

Номер: US20170305939A1
Автор: GROSS Jochen, Mautner Konrad, Mohsseni Javad, SOFINA Natalia, WUESTENFELD Till
Принадлежит: Wacker Chemie AG

Methylchlorosilanes are synthesized by an at least two stage reaction in which contact composition from a first fluidized bed reactor is fed to a second fluidized bed reactor. 19.-. (canceled)10. A process for preparing methylchlorosilanes by reaction of chloromethane with a contact composition , comprising:feeding a mixture containing silicon, copper catalyst and promoter (contact composition 1) into a first fluidized-bed reactor, wherein an active contact composition (contact composition 2) is formed in the presence of chloromethane at from 200 to 450° C., taking off a portion of the contact composition 2 from the first fluidized-bed reactor and feeding this portion into a second fluidized-bed reactor and reacting with chloromethane at from 200 to 450° C., where at least 20 parts by weight of contact composition 2 per 100 parts by weight of contact composition 1 are recirculated per unit time from the second fluidized reactor into the first fluidized-bed reactor, and contact composition 2 which has been fed into the second fluidized-bed reactor and recirculated into the first fluidized-bed reactor is not cooled below a temperature of 150° C. after being taken off from the first fluidized-bed reactor.11. The process of claim 10 , wherein contact composition constituents discharged from the second fluidized-bed reactor or from the first and second fluidized-bed reactors with a gas stream (contact composition 3) are completely or partly recirculated into the second fluidized-bed reactor.12. The process of claim 10 , wherein the first fluidized-bed reactor is operated at a higher temperature than the second fluidized-bed reactor.13. The process of claim 11 , wherein the first fluidized-bed reactor is operated at a higher temperature than the second fluidized-bed reactor.14. The process of claim 10 , wherein a plurality of first fluidized-bed reactors are employed.)15. The process of claim 11 , wherein a plurality of first fluidized-bed reactors are employed.)16. The ...

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Номер записи: 93
01-11-2018 дата публикации

REACTORS AND METHODS FOR PROCESSES INVOLVING PARTIAL OXIDATION REACTIONS

Номер: US20180311631A1
Автор: Dimick Paul, Scarborough David, Tatarchuk Bruce, Yang Hongyun
Принадлежит:

Described herein are improved chemical reactors for carrying out partial oxidation reactions. The chemical reactor permits the use of levels of oxygen above the lower explosion limit (LEL) typically used in partial oxidation reactions, which increases both volumetric reactivity and conversion per pass, resulting in reduced separation and reactant recycle costs. Also described are methods of using the reactors. 1. A reactor suitable for conducting a partial oxidative reaction , wherein the reactor comprises a vessel comprising a process channel and a composite catalyst structure ,wherein the composite catalyst structure comprises a catalyst layer, comprising a substrate and a catalyst, andwherein at least a portion of the composite catalyst structure has a porous heat transfer structure configured to quench free radicals and prevent explosions or propagation of a fire during the partial oxidative reaction.2. The reactor of claim 1 , further comprising a flow distribution layer on top of the composite catalyst structure claim 1 , wherein the vessel further comprises an inlet claim 1 , and wherein the inlet is located above the flow distribution layer.3. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein the composite catalyst structure further comprises a barrier layer configured to prevent the catalyst from migrating out of the catalyst bed claim 1 , a heat spreader layer configured to dissipate heat claim 1 , or both.4. The reactor of claim 3 , wherein the heat spreader layer has a thermal conductivity of at least 10 W/m-K claim 3 , optionally greater than 45 W/m-K claim 3 , 65 W/m-K claim 3 , or 100 W/m-K.5. The reactor of claim 4 , wherein the heat spreader layer comprises a metal or a metal alloy claim 4 , optionally wherein the heat spreader layer contains two layers claim 4 , where the first layer is a flame blocking layer that contains a higher metal fraction than the metal fraction of the second layer claim 4 , wherein the second layer is a quenching layer.6. The reactor of ...

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Номер записи: 94
08-11-2018 дата публикации

FEED NOZZLE ASSEMBLY FOR A CATALYTIC CRACKING REACTOR

Номер: US20180320085A1
Автор: Brosten David Jon, CHEN Ye-Mon
Принадлежит:

Reactor vessel and a feed nozzle assembly for feeding a gas and a liquid into such reactor vessel. The feed nozzle assembly comprises an outer tube supplying a first liquid feed, such as oil, an inner tube supplying a dispersion gas, such as steam, a third tube supplying a second liquid feed, such as biomass, and a nozzle end. A catalytic cracking process wherein two or more hydrocarbon liquids are jointly dispersed into a dispersion gas and jetted via the same feed nozzle assembly into a catalytic cracking reactor. 1. A catalytic cracking reactor comprising one or more feed nozzle assemblies , wherein at least one of the feed nozzle assemblies comprises:an outer tube extending between a first liquid feed inlet and a nozzle outlet;an inner tube comprising purging orifices in an upstream half of the inner tube and with a downstream section having a gas outlet, the downstream section of the inner tube being arranged within the outer tube to define an annular conduit, wherein the nozzle outlet of the outer tube is downstream in line with the gas outlet of the inner tube;a third tube with one end connected to a second liquid feed inlet and an opposite end with an outlet, at least the outlet being positioned within the annular conduit upstream the gas outlet.2. A catalytic cracking reactor according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the feed nozzle assemblies is a side entry feed nozzle assembly.3. A catalytic cracking process wherein a first liquid hydrocarbon fraction is dispersed into a dispersion gas and jetted via one or more feed nozzle assemblies into a catalytic cracking reactor claim 1 , wherein one or more further hydrocarbon fractions are also fed to the feed nozzle assembly and jointly dispersed with the first hydrocarbon fraction.4. A catalytic cracking process according to claim 3 , wherein the first liquid hydrocarbon feed is oil and the one or more further hydrocarbon fractions include at least one biomass fraction. This application is a divisional of ...

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Номер записи: 95
15-11-2018 дата публикации

EMISSIONS CONTROL SYSTEM WITH CZTS SORBENTS, CZTS-BASED ALLOY SORBENTS, AND/OR CARBON-BASED SORBENTS AND METHOD OF USE

Номер: US20180326346A1
Автор: Drummond Scott, Stuhler Hal, Stuhler Lori, Walworth Van T.
Принадлежит:

An emissions control system including a fluidized bed apparatus containing a reactive sorbent material is disclosed for gaseous and non-gaseous contaminated emissions. The reactive sorbent material may be CZTS, CZTS-Alloy, or a carbon-based sorbent material. The fluidized bed apparatus is configured with one or more closed loop sorbent recycling subsystems. The sorbent recycling subsystems include the capability to separate sorbents from each other, separate contaminates from sorbents for disposal and/or recycling, clean and/or rejuvenate sorbents for return to the fluidized bed apparatus, dispose of spent and exhausted sorbents, and replace the spent and exhausted sorbents with new sorbent to maintain consistent sorbent function in the fluidized bed apparatus. Monitoring sensors provide information useful in a method for establishing and maintaining consistent process parameter controls. 1. An emissions control system including a fluidized bed apparatus for removing contaminants from emissions , comprising:a housing shaped as a reverse venturi, said housing including an entry portion for receiving the emissions at a pre-determined entry flow rate, an exit portion for expelling the emissions at a pre-determined exit flow rate, and an enlarged portion disposed between said entry portion and said exit portion of said housing for trapping the contaminants in the emissions;said entry portion, said exit portion, and said enlarged portion of said housing being arranged in fluid communication with each other;a mass of reactive material disposed within said enlarged portion of said housing;said mass of reactive material having a reactive outer surface disposed in contact with the emissions;said mass of reactive material including at least one sorbent; andat least one sorbent recycling subsystem disposed in fluid communication with said housing that receives sorbent from said housing via a sorbent discharge port and returns clean sorbent to said housing via a sorbent return ...

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Номер записи: 96
15-11-2018 дата публикации

EMISSIONS CONTROL SYSTEM INCLUDING CAPABILITY TO CLEAN AND/OR REJUVENATE CARBON-BASED SORBENTS AND METHOD OF USE

Номер: US20180326396A1
Автор: Drummond Scott, Stuhler Hal, Stuhler Lori, Walworth Van T.
Принадлежит:

A system and method for cleaning, conditioning, and/or rejuvenating carbon-based sorbents is disclosed where a chemical cleaning process is used to separate contaminants from the sorbent. The contaminants can be disposed of or recycled for industrial uses. The cleaned and/or rejuvenated carbon-based sorbent is recycled back into a reverse venturi shaped fluidized bed apparatus for later use. Spent carbon-based sorbent can be routed for appropriate disposal. The carbon-based sorbents include, but are not limited to, activated carbon sorbent and biochar sorbent. Optionally, the sorbents can be processed through the system prior to exposure to contaminated emissions to enhance and increase the porosity of the outer surface of the sorbents. 1. An emissions control system including a fluidized bed apparatus for removing contaminants from emissions , comprising:a housing shaped as a reverse venturi, said housing including an entry portion for receiving the emissions at a pre-determined entry flow rate, an exit portion for expelling the emissions at a pre-determined exit flow rate, and an enlarged portion disposed between said entry portion and said exit portion of said housing for trapping the contaminants in the emissions;said entry portion, said exit portion, and said enlarged portion of said housing being arranged in fluid communication with each other;a mass of reactive material disposed within said enlarged portion of said housing;said mass of reactive material having a reactive outer surface disposed in contact with the emissions, said mass of reactive material including a carbon-based sorbent; andat least one sorbent treatment subsystem disposed in fluid communication with said housing of said fluidized bed apparatus, said at least one sorbent treatment subsystem including a solvent for separating the contaminants from said carbon-based sorbent after said carbon-based sorbent has been exposed to the emissions.2. The emissions control system as set forth in claim 1 ...

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Номер записи: 97
15-11-2018 дата публикации

EMISSIONS CONTROL SYSTEM INCLUDING CAPABILITY TO CLEAN AND/OR REJUVENATE CZTS SORBENTS, CZTS-ALLOY SORBENTS, AND/OR CZTS-MIXTURE SORBENTS, AND METHOD OF USE

Номер: US20180326406A1
Автор: Drummond Scott, Stuhler Hal, Stuhler Lori, Walworth Van T.
Принадлежит:

An emissions control system including a fluidized bed apparatus containing a reactive sorbent material is disclosed for gaseous and non-gaseous contaminated emissions. The reactive sorbent material may be CZTS, CZTS-Alloy, or a CZTS-Mixture sorbent material. The fluidized bed apparatus is configured with one or more closed loop sorbent recycling subsystems. The sorbent recycling subsystems include the capability to separate sorbents from each other, separate contaminates from sorbents for disposal and/or recycling, clean and/or rejuvenate sorbents for return to the fluidized bed apparatus, dispose of spent and exhausted sorbents, and replace the spent and exhausted sorbents with new sorbent to maintain consistent sorbent function in the fluidized bed apparatus. Monitoring sensors provide information useful in a method for establishing and maintaining consistent process parameter controls. 1. An emissions control system including a fluidized bed apparatus for removing contaminants from emissions , comprising:a housing shaped as a reverse venturi, said housing including an entry portion for receiving the emissions at a pre-determined entry flow rate, an exit portion for expelling the emissions at a pre-determined exit flow rate, and an enlarged portion disposed between said entry portion and said exit portion of said housing for trapping the contaminants in the emissions;said entry portion, said exit portion, and said enlarged portion of said housing being arranged in fluid communication with each other;a mass of reactive material disposed within said enlarged portion of said housing;said mass of reactive material having a reactive outer surface disposed in contact with the emissions;said mass of reactive material including at least one sorbent; andat least one sorbent recycling subsystem disposed in fluid communication with said housing that receives contaminated sorbent from said housing via at least one sorbent discharge port and returns clean sorbent to said ...

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Номер записи: 98
24-11-2016 дата публикации

Systems for ethanol to fuels in a catalytic cracking unit stripper

Номер: US20160340594A1
Автор: Jianhua Yao, Walter E. Alvarez, William D. HENNING
Принадлежит: Phillips 66 Co

Systems relating to the conversion of ethanol in a stripper unit of a fluidized catalytic cracking system. An ethanol stream mixes with a catalyst in the stripper unit under conditions of temperature that favor conversion of the ethanol to hydrocarbons, thereby increasing incorporation of ethanol into liquid transportation fuels without exceeding regulatory limits on fuel vapor pressure. Certain embodiments combine the ethanol stream with a hydrocarbon stream and react in the presence of a catalyst in the stripper to produce hydrocarbons that may have an increased boiling point, increased octane rating, decreased vapor pressure, decreased benzene content, or combinations thereof.

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Номер записи: 99
30-11-2017 дата публикации

Continuous Preparation of Calcined Chemically-Treated Solid Oxides

Номер: US20170341045A1
Автор: BENHAM Elizabeth A., MCDANIEL Max P.
Принадлежит:

The present invention discloses a continuous calcination vessel which can be used to prepare calcined chemically-treated solid oxides from solid oxides and chemically-treated solid oxides. A process for the continuous preparation of calcined chemically-treated solid oxides is also provided. Calcined chemically-treated solid oxides disclosed herein can be used in catalyst compositions for the polymerization of olefins. 120-. (canceled)21. A continuous calcination vessel comprising:(a) a fluidized bed vessel comprising at least one zone dividing wall for dividing the fluidized bed into a plurality of heating zones capable of independent temperature control and independent fluidizing gas control;(b) a particulate material inlet capable of introducing inlet particulate material into the fluidized bed vessel;(c) a fluidizing gas inlet capable of introducing a fluidizing gas into the fluidized bed vessel;(d) a fluidizing gas path capable of directing the fluidizing gas from the fluidizing gas inlet into the fluidized bed vessel to fluidize the inlet particulate material; and(e) an outlet capable of removing outlet particulate material from the fluidized bed vessel; wherein:each heating zone comprises at least one baffle;the fluidized bed vessel contains sufficient baffles to cause a substantially plug flow profile through the fluidized bed vessel; andthe fluidized bed vessel has a slope from horizontal of less than about 15 degrees.22. The continuous calcination vessel of claim 21 , wherein the inlet particulate material comprises a solid oxide claim 21 , a chemically-treated solid oxide claim 21 , or a combination thereof.23. The continuous calcination vessel of claim 21 , wherein the outlet particulate material comprises a calcined chemically-treated solid oxide.24. The continuous calcination vessel of claim 21 , wherein each baffle contains apertures located on alternating opposite edges of the baffles to cause a serpentine flow profile through the fluidized bed vessel ...

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Номер записи: 100