Устройство для очистки атмосферного воздуха "Искусственное дерево"

Полезная модель относится к области очистки газов, в частности к устройствам очистки воздуха. Устройство содержит корпус с закрепленными на нем сменными панелями, содержащими фильтрующий субстрат, систему полива, систему вентиляции. Корпус выполнен с верхней крышкой, оборудованной системой сбора дождевой воды, соединенной с системой полива, к корпусу по всему периметру снаружи закреплено защитное ограждение, выполненное из ударопрочного светопрозрачного материала со светодиодными лампами, на верхней части корпуса установлены элементы солнечных батарей, соединенные с накопителем энергии и системой полива, системой вентиляции, светодиодными лампами и датчиками контроля состояния окружающей среды, которые размещены равномерно по верхнему краю корпуса. В качестве фильтрующего субстрата используют в теплое время года мохPolýtrichum сommune, а в холодное время года сорбент SAAFBlend WS. Технический результат: способность устройства функционировать вне зависимости от температурных режимов. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 202 892 U1 (51) МПК B01D 53/04 (2006.01) B01D 53/84 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК B01D 53/04 (2021.01); B01D 53/84 (2021.01) (21)(22) Заявка: 2020126983, 12.08.2020 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 12.03.2021 (45) Опубликовано: 12.03.2021 Бюл. № 8 2 0 2 8 9 2 R U (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 82420 U1, 27.04.2009. RU 68310 U1, 27.11.2007. WO 2018202571 A1, 08.11.2018. DE 202015000866 U1, 09.04.2015. US 20150237811 A1, 27.08.2015. GB 2297087 B, 06.01.1999. (54) Устройство для очистки атмосферного воздуха "Искусственное дерево" (57) Реферат: Полезная модель относится к области очистки корпуса установлены элементы солнечных газов, в частности к устройствам очистки воздуха. батарей, соединенные с накопителем энергии и Устройство содержит корпус с закрепленными системой полива, системой вентиляции, на нем ...

Semiconductor nanocrystal-polymer composite, method of preparing the same, and composite film and optoelectronic device including the same

A semiconductor nanocrystal-polymer composite including a semiconductor nanocrystal, a polymer comprising a plurality of carboxylate anion groups (—COO − ) bindable to a surface of the semiconductor nanocrystal, and a metal cation bindable to a carboxylate anion group of the plurality of carboxylate anion groups.

CHEMICALLY MODIFIED CARBONIC ANHYDRASES USEFUL IN CARBON CAPTURE SYSTEMS

The present disclosure relates to chemically modified carbonic anhydrase polypeptides and soluble compositions, homogenous liquid formulations comprising them. The chemically modified carbonic anhydrase polypeptides have improved properties relative to the same carbonic anhydrase polypeptide that is not chemically modified including the improved properties of increased activity and/or stability in the presence of amine compounds, ammonia, or carbonate ion. The present disclosure also provides methods of preparing the chemically modified polypeptides and methods of using the chemically modified polypeptides for accelerating the absorption of carbon dioxide from a gas stream into a solution as well as for the release of the absorbed carbon dioxide for further treatment and/or sequestering. 193-. (canceled)94. A method for removing carbon dioxide from a gas stream comprising the step of contacting the gas stream with a homogenous liquid solution under suitable conditions , wherein the solution comprises:(i) an α-class carbonic anhydrase polypeptide chemically modified by treatment with a cross-linking agent; and{'sub': '2', '(ii) a COabsorption mediating compound;'}whereby the solution absorbs carbon dioxide from the gas stream.95. The method of claim 94 , wherein the chemically modified carbonic anhydrase has increased carbonic anhydrase activity in the presence of the COabsorption mediating compound relative to the activity of the same carbonic anhydrase polypeptide that is not chemically modified.96. The method of claim 94 , wherein the chemically modified carbonic anhydrase has increased carbonic anhydrase activity in 4.2 M N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) at 50° C. compared to the activity under the same conditions of the same carbonic anhydrase polypeptide that is unmodified.97. The method of claim 94 , wherein the cross-linking agent is selected from the group consisting of a dialdehyde claim 94 , a bis-imidate ester claim 94 , a bis(N-hydroxysuccinimide) ester ...

Hybrid particles and associated methods

Hybrid particles that comprise a coating surrounding a chalcopyrite material, the coating comprising a metal, a semiconductive material, or a polymer; a core comprising a chalcopyrite material and a shell comprising a functionalized chalcopyrite material, the shell enveloping the core; or a reaction product of a chalcopyrite material and at least one of a reagent, heat, and radiation. Methods of forming the hybrid particles are also disclosed.

ENZYME ENHANCED CO2 CAPTURE AND DESORPTION PROCESSES

An enzyme-catalyzed desorption process for releasing COgas from an ion-rich solution containing bicarbonate ions includes providing carbonic anhydrase in the ion-rich solution such that in a desorption unit the carbonic anhydrase is allowed to flow with the ion-rich solution while promoting conversion of the bicarbonate ions into COgas and generating an ion-depleted solution and releasing the COgas and the ion-depleted solution from the desorption unit. A COcapture process includes contacting a CO-containing gas with a solution in an absorption unit, to convert COinto ions; feeding an ion-rich solution to a desorption unit wherein carbonic anhydrase is present within the ion-rich solution to generate an ion-depleted solution and, preferably, recycling the ion-depleted solution. Methods of decreasing the COdesorption temperature in a desorption unit, decreasing the COdesorption reactor size, and decreasing the COdesorption energy input in a desorption unit, are also described. 1. An enzyme catalyzed desorption process for releasing CO2 gas from an ion-rich solution containing bicarbonate ions , the process comprising:providing carbonic anhydrase or variants or analogues thereof in the ion-rich solution such that in a desorption unit the carbonic anhydrase or variants or analogues thereof is allowed to flow with the ion-rich solution while promoting conversion of the bicarbonate ions into CO2 gas and generating an ion-depleted solution; andreleasing the CO2 gas and the ion-depleted solution from the desorption unit.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the desorption unit comprises a liquid inlet for receiving the ion-rich solution comprising the carbonic anhydrase claim 1 , a gas outlet for releasing the CO2 gas and a liquid outlet for releasing the ion-depleted solution comprising the carbonic anhydrase.3. The process of claim 2 , comprising regulating a concentration of carbonic anhydrase in the ion-rich solution by adding an amount of the carbonic anhydrase prior to ...

Process for co2 absorption with carbonic anhydrase entrapped in porous supports

A carbonic anhydrase bioreactor for treating a CO 2 -containing gas includes a reaction chamber for receiving a liquid; porous particles with carbonic anhydrase entrapped therein provided in the reaction chamber for catalyzing a reaction of CO 2 into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions to obtain a treated gas and an ion-rich solution; a retention device for retaining the porous particles within the reaction chamber; a liquid inlet for providing the liquid; a gas inlet for providing the CO 2 -containing gas; a liquid outlet for releasing the ion-rich solution; and a gas outlet to release the treated gas. Processes are also described for treating a CO 2 -containing gas, where particles comprising porous material with entrapped carbonic anhydrase catalyze the reaction and the particles are retained in the reaction chamber.

POLYSILICATE-POLYSILICONE ENZYME IMMOBILIZATION MATERIALS

The present invention generally relates to improvements in enzyme immobilization, particularly for use in the field of carbon dioxide capture and sequestering. It has been discovered that the utilization of sol-gel processes to immobilize enzymes in polysilicate-polysilicone copolymer coatings and particles, and the deposition of these coatings on solid state supports or use of suspensions of these particles, provides significant benefits for use in industrial applications involving enzymatic catalysts. 13-. (canceled)4. A coated support comprising a polysilicate-polysilicone copolymer immobilizing a biocatalyst; the polysilicate-polysilicone copolymer adhered to a solid support by an adhesive coating and wherein the biocatalyst comprises a carbonic anhydrase.56-. (canceled)7. A coated support comprisinga solid support;a coating composition forming a layer on the surface of the solid support, the coating composition comprising a polysilicate-polysilicone copolymer and a hydrophilic additive; anda biocatalyst that catalyzes hydration of carbon dioxide being entrapped in the coating composition;wherein the biocatalyst comprises a carbonic anhydrase.8. (canceled)9. The coated support of wherein the adhesive coating comprises a polymer adhesive.10. The coated support of wherein the polymer adhesive comprises a urethane polymer claim 9 , an epoxy polymer claim 9 , a resin claim 9 , a cyanoacrylate polymer claim 9 , a methacrylate polymer claim 9 , or a combination thereof.1112-. (canceled)13. The coated support of wherein the polymer adhesive comprises a two-part epoxy polymer.14. (canceled)15. The coated support of wherein the coating composition is derived from reaction of a sol claim 7 , the sol comprising (i) an alkoxy silane or an organotrialkoxy silane or metasilicate claim 7 , (ii) a poly(silicone) claim 7 , (iii) a hydrophilic additive claim 7 , and (iv) the carbonic anhydrase.16. The coated support of wherein the coating composition is derived from reaction of ...

Hydrogen sulphide sampling method

A method for sampling a sulphur-containing solid product including supplying a gas flow comprising hydrogen sulphide, bringing the gas flow into contact with a solid reagent and reacting the solid reagent with the hydrogen sulphide contained in the gas flow, the reaction fixing the sulphur of the hydrogen sulphide by forming a sulphur-containing solid product which is different in colour from the solid reagent, and recovering the sulphur-containing solid product. The invention also relates to a device suitable for the implementation of this method.

PROCESS FOR PREPARING LITHIUM SULFIDE

The invention relates to a novel process for preparing lithium sulfide and to the use thereof, wherein a reaction of lithium-containing strong bases with hydrogen sulfide is undertaken in an aprotic organic solvent within the temperature range from −20 to 120° C. under inert conditions. The lithium sulfide obtained by the process is used as a positive material in a galvanic element or for the synthesis of Li ion-conductive solids, especially for the synthesis of glasses, glass ceramics or crystalline products. 110.-. (canceled)11. A method for preparing lithium sulfide comprising:reacting a lithium-containing strong base with hydrogen sulfide in an aprotic organic solvent at a temperature of from −20° to 120° C. under inert conditions.12. A method according to claim 11 , wherein the lithium-containing strong base is selected from the group consisting of a lithium alkylene claim 11 , a lithium arylene claim 11 , and a lithium amide.13. A method according to claim 11 , wherein the lithium-containing strong base is selected from the group consisting of butyllithium claim 11 , hexyllithium claim 11 , lithium diisopropylamide and lithium hexamethyldisilazide.14. A method according to claim 11 , wherein the aprotic organic solvent comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic hydrocarbon claim 11 , an aromatic hydrocarbon and an etheric solvent.15. A method according to claim 11 , wherein the aprotic organic solvent comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of hexane claim 11 , toluene claim 11 , diethyl ether claim 11 , and tetrahydrofuran16. A method according to claim 11 , wherein the reaction is carried out at a temperature range of 0° to 80° C.17. A positive electrode comprising the lithium sulfide prepared by the process of and a galvanic element.18. A Li ion-conductive solids comprising the lithium sulfide prepared by the method of .19. A glass claim 11 , glass ceramics claim 11 , or crystalline product ...

SULFIDE SOLID ELECTROLYTE PARTICLES

A sulfide solid electrolyte particles comprising lithium, phosphorus and sulfur, having a volume-based average particle size measured by laser diffraction particle size distribution measurement of 0.1 μm or more and 10 μm or less, having a diffraction peak having 2θ ranging from 29.0 to 31.0 deg in powder X-ray diffraction measurement using CuKα ray, and an intensity ratio (Ib/Ip) of a peak intensity Ip of the diffraction peak to a diffraction intensity Ib at a high angle-side low part of the diffraction peak is less than 0.09. 1. Sulfide solid electrolyte particles , comprising lithium , phosphorus and sulfur ,whereina volume-based average particle size measured by laser diffraction particle size distribution measurement is 0.1 μm or more and 10 μm or less,in powder X-ray diffraction measurement using CuKα ray, the sulfide solid electrolyte particles have a diffraction peak having 2θ ranging from 29.0 to 31.0 deg, andan intensity ratio (Ib/Ip) of a peak intensity Ip of the diffraction peak to a diffraction intensity Ib at a high angle-side low part of the diffraction peak is less than 0.09.2. The sulfide solid electrolyte particles according to claim 1 , comprising an argyrodite-type crystal structure or an LGPS-type crystal structure.3. The sulfide solid electrolyte particles according to claim 1 , comprising an argyrodite-type crystal structure claim 1 , wherein the diffraction peak is at 2θ=29.7+0.5 deg.4. The sulfide solid electrolyte particles according to claim 3 , further having a diffraction peak at 2θ=25.2+0.5 deg in powder X-ray diffraction measurement using CuKα ray.5. The sulfide solid electrolyte particles according to claim 1 , further comprising halogen.6. The sulfide solid electrolyte particles according to claim 1 , further comprising chlorine.7. The sulfide solid electrolyte particles according to claim 1 , further comprising two or more halogens.8. The sulfide solid electrolyte particles according to claim 5 , wherein a molar ratio of the halogen ...

Method for producing particles

A method for efficiently producing fine particles in a complex state from a plurality of raw material components is provided. The method includes spraying a good solvent solution made from a good solvent and the plurality of raw material components dissolved in the good solvent into a poor solvent having a temperature of at least 165° C. higher than the boiling point of the good solvent and evaporating off the good solvent and precipitating a plurality of fine particles.

Production of Alkali Sulfide Cathode Material and Methods for Processing Hydrogen Sulfide

Disclosed herein are methods of producing metal sulfide materials, including cathode materials. In some embodiments, the metal sulfide material comprises a secondary cluster of metal sulfide nanoparticles surrounded by a carbon layer. The carbon layer may be created by carbonizing one or more polymer layers disposed about the secondary cluster. The carbonized layer may aid in optimizing performance of the cathode material. Also disclosed herein are methods, processes, devices, and systems for removing hydrogen sulfide from a waste stream. In some embodiments, the waste stream containing hydrogen sulfide is a gas. The waste stream can be combined with a solvent containing a metal-catalyst complex, and the reaction of hydrogen sulfide with the metal results in production of a hydrogen gas and a solid comprising metal sulfide. 1. A method of converting a hydrogen sulfide gas to a metal sulfide material , the method comprising:combing an alkalai metal and an alcohol to create a metal alkoxide;creating an anhydrous solution comprising the metal alkoxide;flowing a gas through the solution, the gas comprising hydrogen sulfide;allowing the hydrogen sulfide gas to react with the metal to form a solid metal sulfide particle, hydrogen gas, and regenerate the alcohol; andprecipitating the solid metal sulfide and capturing the hydrogen gas; andseparating the solid metal sulfide precipitate from the alcohol.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solution further comprises a polymer and a solvent.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein heating of the precipitate creates a secondary cluster of polymer-coated metal sulfide particles.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the polymer-coated particles are coated with a layer of carbon.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the polymer is selected from polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP claim 2 , [CHNO]n) claim 2 , poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEOZ claim 2 , [CHNO]n) claim 2 , and polyacrylonitrile (PAN claim 2 , [CHN]n) and the solvent is selected from ...

FOULING MITIGATION IN ALKANOLAMINE TREATING SYSTEMS

Methods for the prevention or mitigation of fouling in amine-treating systems comprising providing circulating aqueous amine solution and a hydrocarbon stream comprising at least one acid gas; and interacting the circulating aqueous amine solution with the hydrocarbon stream comprising the at least one acid gas to remove the acid gas from the hydrocarbon stream and entrain the acid gas into the aqueous amine solution. The circulating aqueous amine solution comprises entrained acid gas comprises foulant precursors; and polysulfide ions are introduced to react with the foulant precursors to decrease the rate of fouling within the circulating aqueous amine solution. 1. A method for the prevention or mitigation of fouling in amine-treating systems comprising:providing circulating aqueous amine solution and a hydrocarbon stream comprising at least one acid gas; and 'wherein the circulating aqueous amine solution comprising entrained acid gas comprises foulant precursors; and', 'interacting the circulating aqueous amine solution with the hydrocarbon stream comprising the at least one acid gas to remove at least a portion of the acid gas from the hydrocarbon stream and entrain the acid gas into the aqueous amine solution;'}introducing polysulfide ions react with the foulant precursors to decrease the rate of fouling within the circulating aqueous amine solution.2. The method of wherein the circulating aqueous amine solution comprises a rich amine circuit and a lean amine circuit; and wherein polysulfide ions are introduced into the rich amine circuit claim 1 , the lean amine circuit claim 1 , or both the rich amine circuit and the lean amine circuit.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous amine solution comprises alkanolamines.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the alkanolamines comprise at least one ethanolamine selected from the group consisting of monoethanolamine (MEA) claim 3 , diethanolamine (DEA) claim 3 , diglycolamine (DGA) claim 3 , di-isopropanolamine ...

MICROORGANISM INCLUDING GENE ENCODING PROTEIN HAVING DEHALOGENASE ACTIVITY, AND METHOD OF REDUCING CONCENTRATION OF FLUORINE-CONTAINING COMPOUND IN SAMPLE USING THE SAME

Provided are a microorganism including a gene encoding a protein having a dehalogenase activity, a composition including the microorganism for use in reducing a concentration of a fluorine-containing compound in a sample, and a method of reducing the concentration of the fluorine-containing compound in the sample by using the microorganism. 1PseudomonasPseudomonas. A recombinant saitens microorganism comprising a genetic modification that increases dehalogenase activity as compared to a parent strain saitens KCTC 13107BP , wherein the dehalogenase activity comprises the activity of at least one dehalogenase selected from the group consisting of a haloalkane dehalogenase , a polypeptide having a sequence identity of 85% or more with respect to an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 , and a polypeptide having a sequence identity of 85% or more with respect to an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5.2. The recombinant microorganism of claim 1 , wherein the genetic modification increases expression of a gene encoding the dehalogenase.3. The recombinant microorganism of claim 1 , wherein the genetic modification increases a copy number of a gene encoding the dehalogenase.4. The recombinant microorganism of claim 1 , wherein the haloalkane dehalogenase is an enzyme belonging to EC 3.8.1.5.5. The recombinant microorganism of claim 1 , wherein haloalkane dehalogenase has a sequence identity of 85% or more with respect to an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.6. A method of reducing a concentration of a fluorine-containing compound in a sample claim 1 , the method comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'claim-text': [{'br': None, 'sub': 1', '2', '3', '4, 'C(R)(R)(R)(R)\u2003\u2003'}, {'br': None, 'sub': 5', '6', '7', '11', '12', '8', '9', '10, 'i': 'n', '(R)(R)(R)C—[C(R)(R)]-C(R)(R)(R)\u2003\u2003'}], 'contacting a recombinant microorganism of with a sample comprising a fluorine-containing compound represented by Formula 1 or ...

Porous Membranes Comprising Nanosheets and Fabrication Thereof

A porous membrane comprising stacked layers of nanosheets, each nanosheet comprising one to three atomic layers of a 2D material comprising or consisting of one or more transition metal dichalcogenides is provided. The nanosheets have pores and the membrane comprises a network of water permeation pathways including through-pathways formed by the pores, horizontal pathways formed by gaps between the layers, and vertical pathways formed by gaps between adjacent nanosheets and stacking defects between the layers. Also provided is a method for making the membrane.

SYNTHESIS OF LUMINESCENT 2D LAYERED MATERIALS USING AN AMINE-METAL COMPLEX AND A SLOW SULFUR-RELEASING PRECURSOR

Methods of synthesizing transition metal dichalcogenide nanoparticles include forming a metal-amine complex, combining the metal-amine complex with a chalcogen source in at least one solvent to form a solution, heating the solution to a first temperature for a first period of time, and heating the solution to a second temperature that is higher than the first temperature for a second period of time. 1. A method of preparing a transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) nanoparticle , the method comprising:forming a metal-amine complex;combining the metal-amine complex with a chalcogen source in at least one solvent to form a solution;heating the solution to a first temperature for a first period of time; andheating the solution to a second temperature that is higher than the first temperature for a second period of time.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amine of the metal-amine complex is an unsaturated fatty amine.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the unsaturated fatty amine is oleylamine.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the unsaturated fatty amine is hexadecylamine.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal of the metal-amine complex is a transition metal.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the chalcogen source is an organo-chalcogen compound that supplies the chalcogen via the cleavage of a chalcogen-carbon bond.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the organo-chalcogen compound is an alkyl thiol.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the alkyl thiol is 1-dodecanethiol.9. The method of claim 6 , wherein the organo-chalcogen compound is an alkyl selenol.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the alkyl selenol is octane selenol.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal of the metal-amine complex is molybdenum.12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal of the metal-amine complex comprises a metal carbonyl.13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the metal carbonyl is molybdenum hexacarbonyl.14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one solvent is a coordinating ...

Method for preparation of alpha sources of polonium using sulfide micro-precipitation

A method for preparing alpha sources of polonium. A sample of polonium is provided in a solution. A controlled amount of sulfide and a controlled amount of a metal capable of forming an insoluble sulfide salt in the solution are introduced into the solution, in order to co-precipitate polonium from the solution. The precipitates are filtered out.

LITHIUM ION CONDUCTIVE SULFIDE-BASED SOLID ELECTROLYTE COMPRISING INDIUM SELENIDE AND A METHOD FOR PRERARING THE SAME

The present invention relates to a lithium-ion-conductive sulfide-based solid electrolyte which contains lithium (Li), sulfur (S), phosphorus (P), indium (In) and selenium (Se) and has a crystal structure of InSe and a method for preparing the same. 1. A lithium-ion-conductive sulfide-based solid electrolyte comprising:lithium (Li);sulfur (S);phosphorus (P);indium (In); andselenium (Se).2. The lithium-ion-conductive sulfide-based solid electrolyte according to claim 1 , which has a crystal structure of InSe.3. The lithium-ion-conductive sulfide-based solid electrolyte according to claim 1 , which shows XRD peaks of InSe at 2θ=20-22° claim 1 , 2θ=26-28° claim 1 , 2θ=38-40° and 2θ=44-46° when subjected to X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern measurement using Cu Kα radiation.4. The lithium-ion-conductive sulfide-based solid electrolyte according to claim 1 , which is represented by Chemical Formula 1:{'br': None, 'sub': 2', 'a', '2', '5', 'b', '2', '3', 'c, '(LiS).(PS).(InSe)\u2003\u2003[Chemical Formula 1]'}wherein 0.5≤a≤0.8, 0.1≤b≤0.4, 0.01≤c≤0.3 and a+b+c=1.5. The lithium-ion-conductive sulfide-based solid electrolyte according to claim 4 , wherein 0.65≤a≤0.8 claim 4 , 0.15≤b≤0.25 and 0.02≤c≤0.2.6. The lithium-ion-conductive sulfide-based solid electrolyte according to claim 1 , which has an ion conductivity after exposure to the atmosphere of 40% or greater with respect to an ion conductivity before exposure to the atmosphere claim 1 , wherein the exposure to the atmosphere means exposure of the sulfide-based solid electrolyte to a condition of 20-25° C. and 50-70% humidity for 30 minutes to 3 hours.7. The lithium-ion-conductive sulfide-based solid electrolyte according to claim 1 , which further comprises an element selected from a group consisting of boron (B) claim 1 , carbon (C) claim 1 , nitrogen (N) claim 1 , aluminum (Al) claim 1 , silicon (Si) claim 1 , vanadium (V) claim 1 , manganese (Mn) claim 1 , iron (Fe) claim 1 , cobalt (Co) claim 1 , nickel (Ni) claim 1 ...

NANOCRYSTAL PREPARATION METHOD, NANOCRYSTALS, AND APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND STORING DISSOLVED GAS

A nanocrystal preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving, in a first selected solvent, a first precursor which is in a gaseous state under normal temperature and normal pressure, to form a first precursor solution; dissolving a second precursor in a second selected solvent to form a second precursor solution, wherein the second precursor is a precursor of a metal element of Group I, Group II, Group III or Group IV; and in an inert gas atmosphere, adding the first precursor solution into a reaction vessel which contains the second precursor solution, wherein the first precursor chemically reacts with the second precursor to generate a nanocrystal. The present invention further discloses a nanocrystal prepared by the above method and an apparatus for preparing and storing a gas-dissolved solution. With the preparation method according to the invention, the amount of the first precursor in a gaseous state can be accurately controlled, the reaction is more uniform and more controllable, and the obtained nanocrystal has uniform volume distribution and a higher luminescent quantum yield. 1. A method for preparing nanocrystals , comprising the following steps:dissolving, in a first selected solvent, a first precursor which is in a gaseous state under normal temperature and normal pressure, to form a first precursor solution;dissolving a second precursor in a second selected solvent to form a second precursor solution, wherein the second precursor is a precursor of a metal element of Group I, Group II, Group III, or Group IV; andadding, in an inert gas atmosphere, the first precursor solution into a reaction vessel which contains the second precursor solution, wherein the first precursor chemically reacts with the second precursor to generate a nanocrystal.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein dissolving the first precursor in the first selected solvent is a physical change.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first precursor solution is ...

Nitrification-Enhanced Ammonia Scrubber for Animal Rearing Facilities

The exhaust air scrubber system for animal containment facilities includes a two-stage scrubber configuration. Exhaust air from the animal containment facility flows first into a dust scrubber, which removes dust from the air and reduces the alkalinity of the exhaust air. The exhaust air then flows into an ammonia scrubber which removes the ammonia from the air. The ammonia is converted to nitrate by acid-tolerant nitrifying bacteria. The nitrification process produces acid, which reduces the pH of the scrubber solution in the ammonia scrubber, allowing the scrubber to capture additional ammonia. 1. An exhaust air scrubber system for an animal containment facility comprising an ammonia-removing scrubber , the ammonia scrubber being inoculated with acid-tolerant nitrifying bacteria.2. The system of wherein the acid-tolerant bacteria comprises an ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and a nitrate-oxidizing bacteria.3. The system of wherein the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria comprises an effective amount of Proteobacteria claim 2 , Nitrosomonas claim 2 , Nitrosococcus claim 2 , or a combination thereof.4. The system of wherein the nitrate-oxidizing bacteria comprises an effective amount of Nitrobacter and/or Nitrospira or a combination thereof.5. The system of wherein the acid-tolerant bacteria are adapted to tolerate solutions having a pH value of about 4.1 to 7.0.6. The system of wherein the system is configured so that the acid-tolerant bacteria causes the removal of up to 95% of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs).7. The system of wherein the ammonia scrubber is inoculated with a sufficient quantity of acid-tolerant bacteria so that the ammonia scrubber yields a product solution having a pH value of about 8 or lower.8. The system of wherein the ammonia scrubber comprises a batch-type scrubber.9. The system of wherein the ammonia scrubber comprises a continuous-type scrubber.10. The system of wherein the ammonia scrubber is structured so that surfaces of the ammonia scrubber ...

METHOD OF FORMING A POROUS PARTICLE

There is provided a method of forming a porous particle comprising an electrically conductive continuous shell encapsulating a core, said core comprising an elemental compound that reversibly reduces in the presence of a cation and oxidizes in the absence of said cation, said method comprising the steps of: a) encapsulating an elemental compound precursor with said electrically conductive shell; b) reacting said elemental compound precursor with an oxidation agent to oxidise said elemental compound precursor to form said elemental compound, thereby forming said electrically conductive shell encapsulating said core comprising said elemental compound. 115.-. (canceled)16. A porous particle comprising an electrically conductive shell encapsulating a core , said core comprising an elemental compound precursor that oxidizes in the presence of an oxidation agent to form n elemental compound.17. The porous particle according to claim 16 , wherein said elemental compound reversibly reduces in the presence of a caption and oxidizes in the absence of said cation.18. The porous particle according to claim 16 , wherein a void is present between said shell and said elemental compound.19. A cathode comprising a plurality of proous particles claim 16 , each porous particle made according to a method of forming a porous particle comprising an electrically conductive shell encapsulating a core claim 16 , said core comprising an elemental compound that reversibly reduces in the presence of a cation and oxidizes in the absence of said cation claim 16 , said method comprising:a) encapsulating an elemental compound precursor with said electrically conductive shell; andb) reacting said elemental compound precursor with an oxidation agent to oxidise said: elemental compound precursor to form said elemental compound, thereby forming said elctrically conductive shell encapsulating said core comprising, said elemental compound, wherein each porous particle comprises an electrically ...

HALOACID DEHALOGENASE hdl4a PROTEIN VARIANT AND METHOD OF REDUCING CONCENTRATION OF FLUORINE-CONTAINING COMPOUND IN A SAMPLE USING THE SAME

Provided are a protein variant of haloacid dehalogenase hdl4a and a method of reducing a concentration of a fluorine-containing compound in a sample using the protein variant. 1. A recombinant microorganism comprising a heterologous haloacid dehalogenase hdl4a protein , or a variant haloacid dehalogenase hdl4a protein comprising an amino acid alteration in an amino acid residue corresponding to position F18 of SEQ ID NO: 1.2. The microorganism of claim 1 , wherein the amino acid alteration comprises substitution of D claim 1 , S claim 1 , or V or substitution of a different amino acid for F18 that is conservative with respect to D claim 1 , S claim 1 , or V claim 1 , wherein the substitution of a different amino acid for F18 that is conservative with respect to D is F18E claim 1 , the substitution of a different amino acid for F18 that is conservative with respect to S is F18T claim 1 , F18C claim 1 , F18Y claim 1 , F18N claim 1 , or F18Q claim 1 , and the substitution of a different amino acid for F18 that is conservative with respect to V is F18G claim 1 , F18A claim 1 , F18V claim 1 , F18L claim 1 , F18I claim 1 , F18M claim 1 , F18W claim 1 , or F18P.3. The microorganism of claim 1 , wherein the hdl4a protein or variant hdl4a protein has 85% or more sequence identity with of SEQ ID NO: 1.4. A composition comprising(a) an isolated haloacid dehalogenase hdl4a protein or a variant hdl4a protein or a recombinant microorganism expressing a heterologous hdl4a protein or a variant hdl4a protein, wherein the variant hdl4a protein comprises an amino acid alteration in an amino acid residue corresponding to position F18 of SEQ ID NO: 1; [{'br': None, 'sup': 1', '2', '3', '4, 'C(R)(R)(R)(R)\u2003\u2003'}, {'br': None, 'sup': 5', '6', '7', '11', '12', '8', '9', '10, 'i': 'n', '(R)(R)(R)C—[c(R)(R)]-C(R)(R)(R),\u2003\u2003'}], 'and (b) a fluorine-containing compound represented by Formula 1 or 2 n is an integer from 0 to 10,', {'sup': 1', '2', '3', '4', ...

METHOD AND A SYSTEM FOR QUALITY OPTIMIZATION OF GREEN LIQUOR

A method for optimizing reduction and content of total titratable alkali of green liquor of a recovery boiler. The method comprises producing green liquor in a dissolving tank by conveying smelt and weak white liquor into the dissolving tank and measuring at least the contents of sodium sulphate, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulphide, and sodium carbonate of the green liquor. The method comprises controlling at least a process parameter of a recovery boiler to maximize the reduction of the recovery boiler and controlling the flow of the weak white liquor into the dissolving tank to optimize the content of total titratable alkali of the green liquor. In addition, a system for producing green liquor with optimized reduction and content of total titratable alkali. The system comprises a first sensor arrangement, a first and a second regulator, and a processing unit arrangement configured to perform the method. 118-. (canceled)19. A method for optimizing reduction and content of total titratable alkali of green liquor of a recovery boiler , the method comprisingproducing green liquor by dissolving smelt of the recovery boiler in a dissolving tank by conveying weak white liquor into the dissolving tank, [{'sub': 2', '4, 'the content of sodium sulphate (NaSO),'}, 'the content of sodium hydroxide (NaOH),', {'sub': '2', 'the content of sodium sulphide (NaS), and'}, {'sub': 2', '3, 'the content of sodium carbonate (NaCO)'}], 'measuring at least'}of the green liquor,{'sub': 2', '4', '2, 'controlling at least a process parameter of the recovery boiler by using the measured content of sodium sulphate (NaSO) and the measured content of sodium sulphide (NaS) to maximize the reduction of the recovery boiler and'}{'sub': 2', '4', '2', '2', '3, 'at a first instance of time, controlling the flow of the weak white liquor into the dissolving tank by using the measured content of sodium sulphate (NaSO), the measured content of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), the measured content of sodium sulphide ...

Method for Producing a Synthesis Gas

A method and system are provided for feeding a biomass material feed into a fluidized bed gasifier. The system includes a first plurality of screw conveyors disposed circumferentially around and connected to or integral with a gasifier shell of the fluidized bed gasifier, such that each of the first plurality of screw conveyors is in feed communication with a gasifier chamber defined by the gasifier shell. The system also includes a plurality of secondary receptacles, each individually coupled to a respective screw conveyor of the first plurality of screw conveyors, such that each of the plurality of secondary receptacles includes a secondary receptacle shell defining a secondary receptacle chamber in feed communication with the respective screw conveyor. The system further includes a plurality of primary receptacles, each including a primary receptacle shell defining a primary receptacle chamber in feed communication with at least two of the plurality of secondary receptacles. 1. A method for producing a synthesis gas from a biomass material feed in a fluidized bed gasifier , comprising:feeding the biomass material feed into a biomass feed system comprising a plurality of screw conveyors, each disposed equidistantly from an adjacent one of the plurality of screw conveyors and circumferentially around and connected to or integral with a gasifier shell of the fluidized bed gasifier, wherein a substantially equal amount of the biomass feed material flows through each of the plurality of screw conveyors into the gasifier chamber; andfeeding a fluid flow into a bottom section of the gasifier chamber of the fluidized bed gasifier, wherein the fluid flow and the biomass material feed contact and react to form the synthesis gas.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluid flow comprises oxygen.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the screw conveyor comprises a screw conveyor housing and an auger disposed within the screw conveyor housing claim 1 , the auger being operatively ...

NANOPARTICLES PASSIVATED WITH CATIONIC METAL-CHALCOGENIDE COMPOUND

Provided are nanoparticles passivated with a cationic metal-chalcogenide complex (MCC) and a method of preparing the same. A passivated nanoparticle includes: a core nanoparticle; and a cationic metal-chalcogenide compound (MCC) fixed on a surface of the core nanoparticle 1. A cationic metal-chalcogenide compound.2. The cationic metal-chalcogenide compound of claim 1 , wherein the cationic metal-chalcogenide compound is selected from the group consisting of ZnS claim 1 , ZnSe claim 1 , ZnTe claim 1 , CuS claim 1 , CuSe claim 1 , CuTe claim 1 , MnS claim 1 , MnSe claim 1 , MnTe claim 1 , FeS claim 1 , FeSe claim 1 , FeTe claim 1 , CoS claim 1 , CoSe claim 1 , CoTe claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.3. A passivated nanoparticle colloid comprising:a plurality of passivated nanoparticles, each of the passivated nanoparticles comprising a core nanoparticle and a cationic metal-chalcogenide compound (MCC) fixed on a surface of the core nanoparticle; anda dispersion medium in which the passivated nanoparticles are dispersed.4. The passivated nanoparticle colloid of claim 3 , wherein the dispersion medium comprises ethanol amine claim 3 , dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) claim 3 , dimethylformamide (DMF) claim 3 , formamide claim 3 , water claim 3 , hydrazine claim 3 , or hydrazine hydrate.5. A method of preparing a cationic metal-chalcogenide compound claim 3 , the method comprising:{'sub': '4', 'reacting a chalcogen element with NaBHto form a sodium-chalcogenide compound;'}reacting the sodium-chalcogenide compound with a metal perchlorate to form a metal-chalcogenide perchlorate; andreacting the metal-chalcogenide perchlorate with ethanolamine to form a metal-chalcogenide compound.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the metal perchlorate is selected from the group consisting of zinc perchlorate claim 5 , tin perchlorate claim 5 , indium perchlorate claim 5 , antimony perchlorate claim 5 , sodium perchlorate claim 5 , silver perchlorate claim 5 , iron perchlorate claim 5 , potassium ...

SULFIDE SOLID ELECTROLYTE

It is an object of the invention to provide sulfide solid electrolytes having good processability at the time of manufacturing a battery and high ionic conductivity. The present invention relates to a sulfide solid electrolyte containing lithium, phosphorus and sulfur, having a diffraction peak A at 2θ=25.2±0.5 deg and a diffraction peak B at 29.7±0.5 deg in powder X-ray diffraction using CuKα rays, and the half-value width of at least one peak obtained by separating the peaks observed in a range of 60 to 120 ppm in solid-state P-NMR measurements is 500 to 800 Hz. 1. A sulfide solid electrolyte comprising lithium , phosphorus and sulfur , wherein the sulfide solid electrolyte has a diffraction peak A at 2θ=25.2±0.5 deg and a diffraction peak B at 29.7±0.5 deg in powder X-ray diffraction using CuKα rays , and{'sup': '31', 'the half-value width of at least one peak obtained by separating the peaks observed in a range of 60 to 120 ppm in solid-state P-NMR measurements is 500 to 800 Hz.'}2. The sulfide solid electrolyte according to claim 1 , wherein a Si-relative half-value width of the diffraction peak B is 1.3 or more and 3.0 or less.3. A sulfide solid electrolyte comprising lithium claim 1 , phosphorus and sulfur claim 1 , wherein the sulfide solid electrolyte has a diffraction peak A at 2θ=25.2±0.5 deg and a diffraction peak B at 29.7±0.5 deg in powder X-ray diffraction using CuKα rays claim 1 ,a Si-relative half-value width of the diffraction peak B is 1.3 or more and 3.0 or less, anda Si-relative peak intensity of the diffraction peak B is 0.01 or more and 0.15 or less.4. The sulfide solid electrolyte according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio of the area of the glass-derived peak to the total area of all peaks at 60 to 120 ppm observed in solid-state P-NMR measurements is 0% or more and 10% or less.5. The sulfide solid electrolyte according to claim 1 , further comprising a halogen.6. The sulfide solid electrolyte according to claim 5 , wherein a molar ratio of the ...

Dehalogenase Variant, Polynucleotide Encoding Dehalogenase Variant, Recombinant Microorganism Including Polynucleotide, Composition Including Recombinant Microorganism, And Method Of Reducing Concentration Of Fluorinated Methane Using Dehalogenase

Provided are a dehalogenase variant, a polynucleotide encoding the dehalogenase variant, a recombinant microorganism including a genetic modification that increases dehalogenase activity, a composition including the recombinant microorganism, and a method of reducing a concentration of fluorinated methane using the recombinant microorganism. 1. A dehalogenase variant having dehalogenase activity and an amino acid alteration at one or more amino acid residues corresponding to positions A184 , Y279 , E302 , and R305 of SEQ ID NO: 1.2. The dehalogenase variant of claim 1 , wherein the amino acid alteration comprises substitution at amino acid residue corresponding to position A184 with W; substitution at amino acid residue corresponding to position Y279 with K; substitution at amino acid residue corresponding to position E302 with Q; substitution at amino acid residue corresponding to position R305 with I claim 1 , Q claim 1 , E claim 1 , or S; or a combination thereof.3. The dehalogenase variant of claim 1 , wherein the amino acid alteration comprises the following substitutions: A184W claim 1 , Y279K claim 1 , E302Q claim 1 , R305I claim 1 , R305Q claim 1 , R305E claim 1 , or R305S of SEQ ID NO: 1 claim 1 , or a combination thereof.4. A polynucleotide encoding a dehalogenase variant having dehalogenase activity and an amino acid alteration at one or more amino acid residues corresponding to positions A184 claim 1 , Y279 claim 1 , E302 claim 1 , and R305 of SEQ ID NO: 1.5. The polynucleotide of claim 4 , wherein the amino acid alteration comprises substitution at amino acid residue corresponding to position A184 with W; substitution at amino acid residue corresponding to position Y279 with K; substitution at amino acid residue corresponding to position E302 with Q; substitution at amino acid residue corresponding to position R305 with I claim 4 , Q claim 4 , E claim 4 , or S; or a combination thereof.6. The polynucleotide of claim 4 , wherein the amino acid alteration ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF SULFUR AND SULFURIC ACID

A process plant and a process for production of sulfur from a feedstock gas including from 15% to 100 vol % HS and a stream of sulfuric acid, the process including a) providing a Claus reaction furnace feed stream with a substoichiometric amount of oxygen, b) directing to a Claus reaction furnace operating at elevated temperature, c) cooling to provide a cooled Claus converter feed gas, d) directing to contact a material catalytically active in the Claus reaction, e) withdrawing a Claus tail gas and elementary sulfur, f) directing a stream comprising said Claus tail gas to a Claus tail gas treatment, wherein sulfuric acid directed to said Claus reaction furnace is in the form of droplets with 90% of the mass of the droplets having a diameter below 500 μm, with the associated benefit of such a process efficiently converting all liquid HSOto gaseous HSOand further to SO. 1. A process for production of sulfur from a feedstock gas comprising from 15% to 100 vol % HS and a stream of sulfuric acid , the process comprising:a. providing a Claus reaction furnace feed stream comprising said feedstock gas, an amount of sulfuric acid, an amount of oxygen and optionally an amount of fuel, wherein the amount of oxygen is substoichiometric,b. directing said Claus reaction furnace feed stream to a Claus reaction furnace operating at elevated temperature, providing a Claus converter feed gas,c. cooling said Claus converter feed gas to provide a cooled Claus converter feed gas and optionally withdrawing elemental sulfur from the gas,d. directing said cooled Claus converter feed gas after optional reheating to contact a material catalytically active in the Claus reaction,e. withdrawing a Claus tail gas and elemental sulfur, optionally by cooling the effluent from said material catalytically active in the Claus reaction,f. directing a stream comprising said Claus tail gas to a Claus tail gas treatment, wherein said sulfuric acid directed to said Claus reaction furnace being in the form ...

BIOMASS HIGH EFFICIENCY HYDROTHERMAL REFORMER

A mixing apparatus for producing a feedstock for a reformer, the mixing apparatus including at least one mixing vessel comprising a cylindrical vessel with a conical bottom; a steam inlet configured for introducing steam into the conical bottom; a carbonaceous material inlet configured for introducing a carbonaceous feed into the cylindrical vessel; and an outlet for a reformer feedstock comprising at least 0.3 pounds of steam per pound of carbonaceous material, with the at least one mixing vessel configured for operation at a pressure of greater than about 10 psig. 1. A method of producing synthesis gas , the method comprising:mixing a carbonaceous feed comprising at least one carbonaceous material with superheated steam to produce a reformer feedstock; andreforming the reformer feedstock to produce a first synthesis gas comprising hydrogen, and carbon monoxide by introducing the reformer feedstock into a plurality of coiled tubes within a reformer at a reformer temperature and a reformer pressure at which at least a portion of the reformer feedstock is converted to synthesis gas.2. The method of wherein the reformer feedstock comprises less than or equal to about 1 lb of superheated steam per pound of carbonaceous material.3. The method of wherein the carbonaceous feed comprises primarily biomass.4. The method of wherein the carbonaceous feed further comprises a mixture of spent catalyst and liquid Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbons produced as a byproduct of downstream conversion of the synthesis gas to Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbons.5. The method of wherein each of the plurality of coiled tubes has a height in the range of from about 40 feet to about 100 feet and a coil length that is at least four times the vertical height.6. The method of wherein each of the plurality of coiled tubes has a coil length in the range of from about 400 feet to about 900 feet.7. The method of further comprising maintaining the reformer temperature via combustion of a fuel.8. The method of ...

FUEL SLURRY HEATING SYSTEM AND METHOD

The disclosed embodiments relate to systems and methods for heating a slurry to increase a solids concentration of the slurry while maintaining the viscosity of the slurry below a threshold viscosity. For example, in one embodiment, a system includes a fuel slurry preparation system having a slurry tank configured to hold a fuel slurry, the fuel slurry having a solid fuel and a liquid. The fuel slurry preparation system also includes a heat source and a controller configured to control the heat source to heat the fuel slurry to decrease a viscosity of the slurry below a threshold viscosity. 1. A method for generating a fuel slurry for a gasification process , comprising:monitoring one or more parameters of the fuel slurry in a vessel with a controller, wherein the one or more parameters comprise a viscosity of the fuel slurry and a solids concentration of the fuel slurry, and the fuel slurry comprises a solid fuel and a liquid; andmaintaining the fuel slurry below an upper viscosity threshold by heating the fuel slurry in the vessel, wherein the upper viscosity threshold is at a transition between a pumpable viscosity and an unpumpable viscosity of the fuel slurry by a slurry pump configured to pump the fuel slurry.2. The method of claim 1 , comprising removing a portion of the liquid from the fuel slurry to increase the solids concentration of the fuel slurry after heating the fuel slurry.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein removing the portion of the liquid from the fuel slurry comprises removing the portion of the liquid from the fuel slurry via a liquid removal unit disposed downstream of the vessel.4. The method of claim 1 , comprising adding additional fuel to the fuel slurry to increase the solids concentration of the fuel slurry after heating the fuel slurry.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein adding the additional fuel to the fuel slurry comprises adding the additional fuel to the fuel slurry via a fuel supply unit disposed downstream of the vessel.6. The ...

Process for Managing Photobioreactor Exhaust

There is provided a process for growing a phototrophic biomass in a reaction zone, wherein the reaction zone includes a reaction mixture that is operative for effecting photosynthesis upon exposure to photosynthetically active light radiation, wherein the reaction mixture includes phototrophic biomass that is operative for growth within the reaction zone. The process includes supplying at least a fraction of gaseous exhaust material, being discharged from an industrial process, to the reaction zone, exposing the reaction mixture to photosynthetically active light radiation and effecting growth of the phototrophic biomass in the reaction zone, wherein the effected growth includes growth effected by photosynthesis, and modulating distribution of a molar rate of supply of carbon dioxide, being exhausted from the reaction zone, as between a smokestack and at least another point of discharge. 1. A process for growing a phototrophic biomass in a reaction zone , wherein the reaction zone includes a reaction mixture that is operative for effecting photosynthesis upon exposure to photosynthetically active light radiation , wherein the reaction mixture includes phototrophic biomass that is operative for growth within the reaction zone , comprising:supplying at least a fraction of gaseous exhaust material, being discharged from an industrial process, to the reaction zone;exposing the reaction mixture to photosynthetically active light radiation and effecting growth of the phototrophic biomass in the reaction zone, wherein the effected growth includes growth effected by photosynthesis; andmodulating distribution of a molar rate of supply of carbon dioxide, being exhausted from the reaction zone, as between a smokestack (or a cold stack) and at least another point of discharge.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the modulating is based on an indication of the molar rate at which carbon dioxide is being exhausted from the reaction zone.3. The process of claim 1 , further ...

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SULFIDE-BASED SOLID ELECTROLYTE WITHOUT GENERATION OF IMPURITIES, AND SULFIDE-BASED SOLID ELECTROLYTE MANUFACTURED USING SAME

A method of manufacturing a sulfide-based solid electrolyte, includes mixing a raw material with an organic solvent to manufacture a mixed solution; a heating step of heating and agitating the mixed solution; a cooling step of cooling and agitating the heated mixed solution; a re-heating step of heating and agitating the cooled mixed solution; and a heat treatment step, effectively synthesizing a sulfide-based solid electrolyte by heating and cooling a mixed solution containing a raw material in an organic solvent to a predetermined temperature. 1. A method of manufacturing a sulfide-based solid electrolyte , the method comprising:mixing a raw material with an organic solvent to manufacture a mixed solution;a heating step of heating and agitating the mixed solution;a cooling step of cooling and agitating the heated mixed solution;a re-heating step of heating and agitating the cooled mixed solution; anda heat treatment step of heat-treating the re-heated mixed solution.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the raw material includes lithium sulfide claim 1 , phosphorus sulfide claim 1 , and a halogen compound claim 1 , and the organic solvent includes any one selected from the group consisting of ethanol claim 1 , propanol claim 1 , butanol claim 1 , dimethyl carbonate claim 1 , ethyl acetate claim 1 , tetrahydrofuran claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,2-dimethoxyethane claim 1 , propylene glycol dimethyl ether claim 1 , acetonitrile claim 1 , and a combination thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mixed solution is heated at 1 to 3° C./min in the heating step claim 1 , the mixed solution is cooled at −1 to −3° C./min in the cooling step claim 1 , and the mixed solution is heated at 1 to 3° C./min in the re-heating step.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mixed solution is heated to synthesize the raw material and the mixed solution is cooled to precipitate solid particles.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mixed solution is heated to 40° C. or higher than 40° C. and ...

WALL-MOUNTED PLANT-BASED AIR PURIFICATION SYSTEM

The present disclosure generally relates to plant-based air purification systems and more particularly to wall mounted systems for removing impurities from indoor air using plants. 1. A plant module , adapted to hold a root ball of a live plant , comprising:a first shell portion;a second shell portion, wherein the first shell portion and the second shell portion are connectable to enclose the root ball; anda sealing rim configured to support the plant module in a vertical plant holder while also forming a seal allowing for differences in air pressure between a first side of the sealing rim and an opposite side of the sealing rim.2. The plant module of wherein the first shell portion and the second shell portion are connected by a hinge flexibly connecting the first shell portion and the second shell portion such that they are movable between an open position and a closed position claim 1 , wherein the root ball is insertable into the plant module in the open position.3. The plant module of wherein the first shell portion and the second shell portion have at least one snap fastener claim 1 , the first shell portion and the second shell portion snapping together via the snap fastener to enclose the root ball of a plant.4. The plant module of further comprising a first pliant covering claim 1 , attached to the first shell portion claim 1 , the first pliant covering forming a portion of the sealing rim.5. The plant module of further comprising a second pliant covering claim 4 , attached to the second shell portion claim 4 , overlapping the first pliant covering claim 4 , the first pliant covering and the second pliant covering forming the sealing rim.6. The plant module of claim 1 , further comprising:one or more interior baffles formed as part of the first shell portion and/or the second shell portion for constraining movement of the root ball when inserted into the plant module; andone or more exterior features formed as part of the first shell portion and/or the ...

SYNTHESIS OF OXYGEN AND BORON TRIHALOGENIDE FUNCTIONALIZED TWO-DIMENSIONAL LAYERED MATERIALS IN PRESSURIZED MEDIUM

A method that uses a pressurized reactive medium composed of inert solvents such as pressurized liquid or supercritical fluid carbon dioxide (C02), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) and reactive dissolved species ozone (03) and/or boron trifluoride (BF3) and general boron trihalogenides (BX3) to react with two-dimensional (2D) layered materials and thereby synthesize covalently oxygen and/or BX3 functionalized exfoliated 2D layered materials. When 2D layered materials are dispersed in these reactive liquids or fluids by ultrasound sonication or high shear mixing, a simultaneous covalent functionalization and exfoliation of the 2D layered materials happens. Following attainment of the required extent of functionalization and exfoliation, the unreacted 03, BX3, SF6 and C02 can be easily removed as gases by decompression leaving behind the solid phase, thereby leading to efficient and economical production of functionalized and exfoliated 2D layered materials. 1. A method for the synthesis of covalently or charge transfer functionalized and exfoliated two-dimensional layered materials comprising:providing a two-dimensional (2D) layered material;providing an inert solvent comprising chemical species that do not participate in any reactions during the synthesis;{'sub': 3', '1', '2', '3', '1', '2', '3, 'providing a primary mixture comprising a plurality of components including at least one of the inert solvent and at least one reactive component, the at least one reactive component including at least one of ozone (O) and boron trihalogenide, the boron trihalogenide represented by BXXX, where X, X, and/or Xare selected from the group consisting of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine;'}setting a temperature and pressure of the primary mixture, wherein the primary mixture is one of liquid and supercritical fluid at the set temperature and pressure;providing a secondary mixture comprising the two-dimensional layered material and the primary mixture, wherein the secondary ...

Method And Apparatus For Dehydration Of Biomass

A method and corresponding dehydration apparatus, whereby the method includes disposing an amount of biomass in a pressurizable chamber, generating a sub-atmospheric pressure in the chamber, and vaporizing water associated with the biomass to produce dehydrated biomass. 1. A method for dehydrating biomass , comprising:disposing an amount of biomass in a pressurizable chamber;generating a sub-atmospheric pressure within said chamber; andvaporizing water associated with said biomass to produce dehydrated biomass.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising converting liquid water present in said biomass to water vapor.332-. (canceled)33. The method of claim 2 , wherein said biomass comprises cannabis plant biomass claim 2 , and said dehydrated biomass comprises dehydrated cannabis plant biomass.34. (canceled)35. The method of claim 2 , wherein said biomass comprises vanilla orchid plant biomass.3650-. (canceled)51. A biomass dehydrator comprising:a vessel having a vessel internal surface which defines a pressurizable chamber;a vacuum generator in fluid communication with said chamber, said vacuum generator configured to generate a sub-atmospheric pressure within said chamber to vaporize water associated with biomass disposed within said chamber; anda vapor collector fluidicly coupled to said chamber.52. The biomass dehydrator of claim 51 , said vessel further comprising a vessel opening in communication with said chamber;wherein matter can be passed through said vessel opening for ingress into or egress from said chamber.53. (canceled)54. The biomass dehydrator of claim 52 , said vessel internal surface concave.5565-. (canceled)66. The biomass dehydrator of claim 52 , further comprising a cover sealably engageable with said vessel to close said vessel opening and provide a closed chamber.6770-. (canceled)71. The biomass dehydrator of claim 52 , said vacuum generator configured to decrease the pressure in said chamber to a pressure below about 760 torr.7274-. ( ...

INTEGRATED HYDROCARBON DESULFURIZATION WITH OXIDATION OF DISULFIDES AND CONVERSION OF SO2 TO ELEMENTAL SULFUR

A process to produce a sulfur-free hydrocarbon product stream from a liquid hydrocarbon disulfide product, e.g., of the Merox Process, includes subjecting the hydrocarbon disulfide to a catalytic oxidation step to produce SOwhich is separated from the remaining desulfurized hydrocarbons that form the clean sulfur-free hydrocarbon product stream; the SOis introduced into a Claus processing unit with the required stoichiometric amount of hydrogen sulfide (HS) gas to produce elemental sulfur. 2. The process of in which the caustic is selected from the group consisting of aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide claim 1 , ammonia claim 1 , potassium hydroxide claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. The process of which includes subjecting the HS to an oxidation reaction to convert a predetermined portion of the HS to sulfur dioxide in order to achieve a stoichiometric ratio of 2HS:SOto complete the sulfur-producing reaction:{'br': None, 'sub': 2', '2', '2, '2HS+SO→3S+2HO.'}4. The process of in which the hydrocarbon disulfide is oxidized in the presence of a catalyst.5. The process of in which the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of catalytic compositions comprising copper oxide in an amount ranging from 10 weight percent (wt %) to 50 wt % claim 4 , zinc oxide in an amount ranging from 5 wt % to less than 20 wt % claim 4 , and aluminum oxide in an amount ranging from 20 wt % to 70 wt % claim 4 , wherein said catalytic composition has an X-ray amorphous oxide phase claim 4 , and a formula CuxZnAlO claim 4 , wherein x ranges from 0 to 1 claim 4 , highly dispersed crystalline ZnO and CuO alone and said composition further comprises CeOin the form of particles ranging in diameter from 5 nm to 10 nm claim 4 , in an amount ranging from 0.1 wt % to 10 wt % of said catalytic composition claim 4 , and combinations thereof.6. The process of in which the catalyst composition comprises from 20 wt % to 45 wt % CuO claim 5 , from 10 wt % to less than 20 wt % ZnO claim 5 , and ...

PbSe Nanowires in Non-Coordinating Solvent

A PbSe nanowire having an aspect ratio of about 100:1 and having a diameter of less than 20 nm. A PbSe nanowire produced by the process comprising reacting PbO with oleic acid in 1-octadecene or other non-coordinating solvent and producing Pb oleate in a flask, heating the Pb oleate to between 225 and 275 C under inert gas, injecting a first solution of Se dissolved in trialkylphosphine into the flask and producing a second solution, heating the second solution, maintaining the temperature >200 C in the flask, and resulting in PbSe nanowires. 1. A PbSe nanowire having an aspect ratio of about 100:1 and having a diameter of less than 20 nm.2. The PbSe nanowire of having the ability to combine quantum confinement effects in two-dimensions with a long axis conducive to electron transport over macroscopic distances.3. A PbSe nanowire produced by the process comprising reacting PbO with oleic acid in a non-coordinating solvent and producing Pb oleate in a flask; heating the Pb oleate to between 225° C. and 275° C. under inert gas; injecting a first solution of Se dissolved in trialkylphosphine into the flask and producing a second solution; heating the second solution; maintaining the temperature greater than 200° C. in the flask; and resulting in PbSe nanowires.4. The PbSe nanowire of wherein the molar ratio of Pb:Se is between 1:1 and 5:1.5. The PbSe nanowire of wherein PbSe nanowires produced have the ability to combine quantum confinement effects in two-dimensions with a long axis conducive to electron transport over macroscopic distances.6. The PbSe nanowire of wherein the PbSe nanowires have a length of from about several hundred nanometers up to about 5 μm and have diameters less than about 20 nm.7. The PbSe nanowire of wherein the non-coordinating solvent is 1-octadecene. This application is a Non-Provisional application claiming priority to and the benefits of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/355,260 filed on Jun. 16, 2010, and U.S. patent application Ser. No ...

Method of manufacturing a sulfide-based ceramic element, particularly for ir-optics applications

A method of manufacturing a sulfide-based ceramic element, such as a transparent infrared optical element, comprises the steps of: synthesizing a sulfide powder; and sintering the powder to form the ceramic element; wherein the step of synthesizing the sulfide powder is performed by combustion in an aqueous solution, the solution comprising water as its only solvent, or containing water as its main solvent and at most 10%, and preferably at most 1% of the overall solvent mass, of one or more combustible solvents. The sulfide powder may be chosen, in particular, among ZnS, BaLa 2 S 4 , CaLa 2 S 4 .

METHOD FOR THE SEQUESTRATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE USING PLANT BIOMASS AND ASSOCIATED USE

Method of sequestration of carbon dioxide characterized in that it comprises: 1. A method of sequestration of carbon dioxide comprising:a step of production of at least one macrophyte plant species floating on an expanse of fresh water in order to form a raft of plant biomass;a step of transportation of said raft of plant biomass from said expanse of fresh water to a sea;a step of dispersal and decomposition of said raft of plant biomass on an expanse of said sea;wherein at least one of said step of production, said step of transportation and said step of dispersal and decomposition being is carried out with human assistance.2Azollafiniculoides, Ceratopteriscornuta, Ceratopterispteridoides, Ceratopteristhalictroides, Eichhorniacrassipes, Eichhorniaazurea, Eichhorniadiversifolia, Eichhornianatans, Eichhorniapaniculata, Heterantheradubia, Heterantheralimosa, Heterantheramexicana, Heterantheramultiflora, Heterantherapenduncularis, Heterantherarotundifolia, Heterantherareniformis, Hydrocharismorsusranae, Hygroryzaaristata, Lemnabiloba, Limnobiumlaevigatum, Limnobiumspongia, Myriophyllumaquaticum,Nymphaea, Nupharlutea, Pistiastratiotes, Pontederiacordata, Ranunculusaquatilis, Salvinia auriculata, TrapabicornisTrapanatans.. The method of sequestration of carbon dioxide according to claim 1 , characterized in that said at least one floating macrophyte plant species is chosen from the group constituted by -water lily species of the type and3EichhorniacrassipesPistiastratiotes.. The method of sequestration of carbon dioxide according to claim 2 , characterized in that said at least one floating macrophyte plant species is chosen from the group constituted by and4RanunculusaquatilisHydrocharismorsusranae.. The method of sequestration of carbon dioxide according to characterized in that said at least one floating macrophyte plant species is chosen from the group constituted by and -5. The method of sequestration of carbon dioxide according to comprising claim 1 , preliminarily ...

COMPLEX COMPRISING SULFUR, A METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME, AND A METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A SOLID ELECTROLYTE

To provide a sulfur-containing complex having few impurities, a method for producing the complex at a higher production efficiency, and a method for producing a solid electrolyte using the complex, a sulfur-containing complex, containing a lithium sulfide and a lithium halide, exhibiting, in X-ray diffractometry using a CuKα ray, the diffraction angle of the peak of lithium halide shifting toward the diffraction angle of the peak of lithium sulfide, and not containing an oxygen-containing lithium halide represented by LiOX (where X represents a halogen element) is provided. And a production method for a sulfur-containing complex including heating a solution containing a lithium hydrosulfide and a lithium halide in the presence of hydrogen sulfide is also provided. 1. A sulfur-containing complex , comprising a lithium sulfide and a lithium halide , exhibiting , in X-ray diffractometry using a CuKα ray , the diffraction angle of the peak of lithium halide shifting toward the diffraction angle of the peak of lithium sulfide , and not comprising an oxygen-containing lithium halide represented by LiOX (where X represents a halogen element).2. The sulfur-containing complex according to claim 1 , wherein the diffraction angle of the peak of lithium halide shifts toward the diffraction angle of the peak of lithium sulfide in at least (111) plane.3. The sulfur-containing complex according to claim 1 , wherein the diffraction angle of the peak of lithium halide shifts by 0.1° or more toward the diffraction angle of the peak of lithium sulfide.4. The sulfur-containing complex according to claim 1 , wherein the lithium halide is at least one selected from lithium chloride claim 1 , lithium bromide and lithium iodide.5. A method for producing a sulfur-containing complex claim 1 , comprising heating a solution that contains a lithium hydrosulfide and a lithium halide in the presence of hydrogen sulfide.6. A method for producing a sulfur-containing complex claim 1 , comprising ...

MANUFACTURE OF ORGANOPOLYSULFIDES AND SALTS THEREOF

A method of producing an organopolysulfide or salt thereof is provided which includes a step of mixing an organomonosulfide or salt thereof and elemental sulfur, wherein the mixing is carried out at a temperature not greater than 95 C and in the absence of any added liquid phase for a time effective to produce the organopolysulfide or salt thereof. The described method makes possible the preparation of organopolysulfides and organopolysulfide salts without the use of solvent or catalyst. 1. A method of producing an organopolysulfide or salt thereof , wherein the method comprises a step of mixing an organomonosulfide or salt thereof and elemental sulfur , wherein the mixing is carried out at a temperature not greater than 95° C. and in the absence of any added liquid phase for a time effective to produce the organopolysulfide or salt thereof.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the organopolysulfide or salt thereof corresponds to general formula (I):{'br': None, 'sub': n', 'p, 'R—[SM]\u2003\u2003(I)'}wherein n is an integer greater than 1, p is an integer of at least 1, R is an organic moiety containing from 1 to 25 carbon atoms and optionally also containing one or more hydrogen atoms and/or one or more heteroatoms, and M is an element or moiety carrying a formal positive charge; {'br': None, 'sub': 'p', 'R—[S-M]\u2003\u2003(II)'}, 'and wherein the organomonosulfide or salt thereof corresponds to general formula (II)wherein R, M and p have the same meaning as in general formula (I).3. The method of claim 2 , wherein p is an integer of from 1 to 3.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein n is an integer of from 2 to 30.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein R is a hydrocarbon moiety optionally containing one or more heteroatoms.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein R contains at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of N claim 5 , O claim 5 , S claim 5 , Se claim 5 , P and halides.7. The method of claim 2 , wherein M is selected from. the group consisting of H ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONDENSING MOISTURE IN A BIOREACTOR GAS STREAM

Disclosed herein is a system and method for condensing moisture in a gas stream entering or leaving a bioreactor, the system comprising: a contact condenser container fluidically coupled to the bioreactor through an exhaust line; a condensate accumulator fluidically coupled to the contact condenser container through at least a first condensate line and a second condensate line; the condensate accumulator further fluidically coupled to the bioreactor through a condensate overflow line; a first condensate control device disposed on the first condensate line and configured to control a flow of condensate leaving the contact condenser container and entering the condensate accumulator; and a second condensate control device disposed on the second condensate line and configured to control a flow of condensate leaving the condensate accumulator to be mixed with the gas stream. 1. A system for condensing moisture in a gas stream of a bioreactor , the system comprising:a contact condenser container fluidically coupled to a bioreactor through an exhaust line;a condensate accumulator fluidically coupled to the bioreactor through an exhaust line;the condensate accumulator fluidically coupled to the contact condenser container through at least a first condensate line and a second condensate line;the condensate accumulator further fluidically coupled to the bioreactor through a condensate overflow line.2. The system of further comprising: wherein at a first condensate level condensate in the condensate accumulator is returned to the exhaust line via the second condensate line; and claim 1 , at a second condensate level condensate is returned to the bioreactor through the condensate overflow line.3. The system of further comprising: wherein condensate is held in the condensate accumulator and released into the bioreactor in response to the volume of fluid in the bioreactor.4. The system of further comprising: wherein condensate held in the condensate accumulator is released to the ...

SOLID ELECTROLYTE PRODUCTION METHOD

The invention provides a method for producing a solid electrolyte, which includes reacting two or more kinds of solid raw materials using a multi-axial kneading machine to give a crystalline solid electrolyte, and which can provide a crystalline solid electrolyte with excellent productivity. 1. A method for producing a solid electrolyte , comprising reacting two or more kinds of solid raw materials using a multi-axial kneading machine to give a crystalline solid electrolyte.2. The method for producing a solid electrolyte according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction is carried out in a solid state.3. The method for producing a solid electrolyte according to claim 1 , wherein the solid raw materials contain a lithium element claim 1 , a phosphorus element and a sulfur element.4. The method for producing a solid electrolyte according to claim 3 , wherein the solid raw materials contain at least one of a lithium compound and a lithium metal elementary substance claim 3 , and at least one of a phosphorus compound and a phosphorus elementary substance.5. The method for producing a solid electrolyte according to claim 3 , wherein the solid raw materials contain lithium sulfide and phosphorus sulfide.6. The method for producing a solid electrolyte according to claim 3 , wherein the solid raw materials further contain a halogen element.7. The method for producing a solid electrolyte according to claim 6 , wherein the halogen element is at least one of bromine and iodine.8. The method for producing a solid electrolyte according to claim 6 , wherein the solid raw materials contain at least one of lithium bromide and lithium iodide.9. A method for producing an inorganic material claim 6 , comprising reacting two or more kinds of solid raw materials using a multi-axial kneading machine to give a crystalline inorganic material.10. A multi-axial kneading machine for use in production of a crystalline solid electrolyte claim 6 , the production comprising reacting two or more kinds ...

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING GRANULAR POLYARYLENE SULFIDE, AND GRANULAR POLYARYLENE SULFIDE

To provide: a method of manufacturing granular polyarylene sulfide (PAS) with improved particle strength while improving the yield of the granular PAS by introducing and recovering PAS with a moderate molecular weight in granular PAS; and granular PAS. 2. (canceled)3. The method of manufacturing granular polyarylene sulfide according to claim 1 , wherein the phase separation agent is a particle modifier having a function of improving particle properties of the granular polyarylene sulfide.4. The method of manufacturing granular polyarylene sulfide according to claim 1 , wherein the polymerization temperature in the polymerizing step is 250° C. or higher.5. Granular polyarylene sulfide with a weight average molecular weight of 60000 or less claim 1 , manufactured by the method of manufacturing granular polyarylene sulfide according to claim 1 , wherein an amount of product sieved by a screen with a 150 μm opening diameter is 86.5 mass % or greater claim 1 , and the granular polyarylene sulfide has a particle strength of 88% or higher.6. (canceled)7. (canceled) The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing granular polyarylene sulfide, and granular polyarylene sulfide.Polyarylene sulfides (hereinafter, abbreviated as “PAS”) as represented by polyphenylene sulfides (hereinafter, abbreviated as “PPS”) are engineering plastics having excellent heat resistance, chemical resistance, flame retardant properties, mechanical strength, electrical properties, dimensional stability, and the like. PAS can be molded into various molded products, films, sheets, fibers, and the like by general melt processing methods such as extrusion molding, injection molding, compression molding, and the like, and therefore are widely used in a wide range of fields such as electric/electronic apparatuses, automotive apparatuses, and the like.A method of reacting a sulfur source and dihalo aromatic compound in an organic amide solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone or the like is known ...

AIR PURIFYING MACHINE AND PROCESS

At least one embodiment relates to an air purifying machine comprising at least one housing and a plurality of cores wherein each core is disposed in the housing. There is also at least one fan disposed in the housing. In addition, there is at least one pump disposed in the housing, wherein the pump is configured to circulate a fluid inside of the housing. The cores comprise at least two cores disposed inside of the housing comprising a first core and a second core, wherein the second core is disposed inside of said first core and wherein the second core is not concentric with the first core. The non-concentric nature of the cores creates a compression location at a point where the two cores are disposed closest to each other. This compression location creates a higher-pressure location for air flow around the cores. The different size of the openings for air to circulate between the cores creates air turbulence which results in greater interaction between the incoming air and the bioreactive fluid solution inside of the air purification system. 1. An air purifying machine comprising:a) at least one housing;b) a plurality of cores wherein each core is disposed in said housing;c) at least one fan disposed in said housing;d) at least one pump disposed in said housing, said at least one pump configured to circulate a fluid inside of said housing;e) a top having at least one tray having holes; andf) at least one spreader, disposed in at least one hole of said tray, said at least one spreader for spreading fluid disposed in said tray so that said fluid inside of said tray falls to the bottom of the tray in a dispersed manner.2. The air purifying machine as in claim 1 , wherein said second core is disposed adjacent to said first core in said housing.3. The air purifying machine as in claim 1 , wherein said second core has a plurality of holes disposed in at least one side of the core.4. The air purifying machine as in claim 1 , wherein said first core has a larger ...

CARBON DIOXIDE CONVERSION REACTOR, SERIES REACTOR FOR CONVERTING AND CAPTURING CARBON DIOXIDE INCLUDING THE SAME, AND PROCESS OF CONVERTING AND CAPTURING CARBON DIOXIDE USING THE SAME

The present invention relates to a carbon dioxide conversion reactor and more particularly, to a carbon dioxide conversion reactor capable of converting carbon dioxide contained in flue gas into an aqueous bicarbonate solution that may be used in many applications; and at the same time, preventing back pressure from increasing due to supplied flue gas by allowing a conversion process to rapidly proceed, thereby significantly reducing the level of carbon dioxide contained in flue gas with high efficiency and high conversion speed, a series reactor for converting and capturing carbon dioxide including the carbon dioxide conversion reactor, and a process of converting and capturing carbon dioxide using the carbon dioxide conversion reactor. 1. A carbon dioxide conversion reactor , comprising:a gas supply part configured to supply flue gas containing carbon dioxide;an enzyme reaction part comprising a liquid filling a part of the conversion reactor and a structure provided with carbonic anhydrase for a reaction of converting the supplied carbon dioxide into bicarbonate ions; anda gas discharge part configured to discharge flue gas containing unreacted carbon dioxide from the enzyme reaction part to the outside.2. The carbon dioxide conversion reactor according to claim 1 , further comprising an aqueous bicarbonate solution discharge part configured to discharge an aqueous bicarbonate solution converted and dissolved in the enzyme reaction part.3. The carbon dioxide conversion reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the carbonic anhydrase comprises any one or more of wild-type carbonic anhydrase and carbonic anhydrase variants.4. The carbon dioxide conversion reactor according to claim 1 , wherein a gas supply part and a gas discharge part are disposed above an interface between the liquid and the gas inside the conversion reactor claim 1 , so that back pressure is prevented from increasing due to flue gas supplied to the conversion reactor claim 1 , and the structure is ...

Method and Apparatus for Cleaning Contaminated Gas in a Reactor with Rubber Material

A method and apparatus for cleaning a contaminated gas, the method comprising passing the contaminated gas through at least two cleaning stages of rubber material through which water flows, wherein the gas and the water pass cocurrently though the at least two stages of rubber material. 1. A method of cleaning a contaminated gas , the method comprising passing the contaminated gas through at least two cleaning stages of rubber material through which water flows , wherein the gas and the water pass cocurrently though the at least two stages of rubber material.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the rubber material comprises crumb rubber.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of recirculating the water through the rubber material.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the water is heated.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the water comprises a biological agent.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising passing the contaminated gas through a further cleaning stage containing marine shell material.7. An apparatus for cleaning a contaminated gas claim 1 , the apparatus comprising:at least two cleaning stages of rubber material;means for irrigating the rubber material with water;means for passing the contaminated gas through the at least two stages of rubber material; andwherein the means for irrigating the rubber material with water and the means for passing the contaminated gas through the at least two stages of rubber material are arranged to enable the gas and the water to pass cocurrently though the at least two stages of rubber material.8. The apparatus of claim 7 , each cleaning stage further comprising a primary tank for housing the rubber material.9. The apparatus of claim 7 , each cleaning stage further comprising a reservoir tank for storing the irrigation water.10. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein each primary tank comprise a gas inlet port and a gas outlet port claim 8 , wherein the gas outlet port is lower than the gas inlet port.11. The ...

EXHAUST GAS DECOMPOSITION SYSTEM, COMPLEX EXHAUST GAS DECOMPOSITION SYSTEM INCLUDING THE SAME, MICROORGANISM, AND METHOD OF DECOMPOSING EXHAUST GAS

Provided are an exhaust gas decomposition system, a complex exhaust gas decomposition system, and a method of decomposing an exhaust gas, wherein the exhaust gas decomposition system includes at least one of a bioreactor system that includes at least one of a bioreactor vessel; at least one of a first inlet supplying a first fluid into an interior of the vessel; at least one of a first outlet discharging the first fluid to an exterior of the vessel; at least one of a second inlet supplying a second fluid into the interior of the vessel; at least one of a second outlet discharging the second fluid to the exterior of the vessel; and at least one of a sparger located in the interior of the vessel and connected to the second inlet 1. An exhaust gas decomposition system comprising:one or more bioreactors, wherein each bioreactor comprises:a bioreactor vessel;one or more first inlets configured to supply a fluid to the interior of the bioreactor vessel;a supply of a first fluid comprising a biological catalyst that decomposes a fluorine-containing compound connected to at least one of the one or more first inlets;one or morefirst outlets configured to discharge the first fluid from the bioreactor vessel;one or more second inlets configured to supply a fluid to the interior of the bioreactor vessel;a supply of a second fluid comprising a fluorine containing compound connected to at least one of the one or more second inlets;one or more second outlets configured to discharge the second fluid from the bioreactor vessel; andone or morespargers disposed in the interior of the bioreactor vessel and connected to at least one of the one or more second inlets; the one or more first inlets and the one or more first outlets are disposed such that a first fluid flow moves in a first direction in the interior of the vessel,', 'the one or more second inlets and the one or more second outlets are disposed such that a second fluid flow moves in a second direction different from the first ...

AIR PURIFICATION SYSTEM

There is disclosed a system and process for purifying air. The system includes a housing and a plurality of inner and outer chambers. A solution of water and a biological reagent is configured to flow around the inner and outer walls of the inner and outer chambers while air is passed adjacent to this fluid flow. This causes an interaction between the air and the fluid solution to cleanse the air. The air is then discharged from the chamber. 1. An air purification system comprising:a housing;at least one fan coupled to the housing;at least one container coupled to the housing;at least one purification solution disposed in the housing;at least one purification solution transfer system, wherein said purification solution transfer system is configured to transfer purification solution from one region in said housing to another region so that said purification solution flows along an inner surface of said at least one container.2. The air purification system as in claim 1 , wherein said at least one purification solution comprises water and a biological reagent.3. The air purification system as in claim 1 , further comprising at least one fill level sensor.4. The air purification system as in claim 3 , wherein said fill level sensor comprises a plurality of fill level sensors.5. The air purification system as in claim 3 , further comprising at least one controller comprising a microprocessor claim 3 , at least one memory claim 3 , and at least one transceiver claim 3 , wherein said at least one controller is in communication with said at least one fill level sensor.6. The air purification system as in claim 5 , further comprising a water feed configured to selectively feed water into the container.7. The air purification system as in claim 6 , further comprising at least one valve claim 6 , wherein said at least one valve is configured to selectively allow water from said water feed to be fed into the container.8. The air purification system as in claim 7 , wherein said ...

SOLID ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITION, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SOLID ELECTROLYTE-CONTAINING LAYER, ELECTROLYTE LAYER, AND BATTERY

A solid electrolyte composition comprising: a solid electrolyte that comprises Li; and a solvent represented by the following formula (1). R—(C═O)—R(1) wherein in the formula (1), Rand Rare independently a hydrocarbon group including 2 or more carbon atoms. 1. A solid electrolyte composition comprising:a solid electrolyte that comprises Li; and {'br': None, 'sub': 1', '2, 'R—(C═O)—R\u2003\u2003(1)'}, 'a solvent represented by the following formula (1){'sub': 1', '2, 'wherein in the formula (1), Rand Rare independently a hydrocarbon group including 2 or more carbon atoms.'}2. The solid electrolyte composition according to claim 1 , wherein Rand Rare independently an aliphatic hydrocarbon group.3. The solid electrolyte composition according to claim 2 , wherein Rand Rare independently a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group.4. The solid electrolyte composition according to claim 3 , wherein Rand Rare independently a chain-like saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group.5. The solid electrolyte according to claim 1 , wherein Rand Rare the same.6. The solid electrolyte composition according to claim 1 , wherein Rand Rare independently a straight-chain saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group.7. The solid electrolyte composition according to claim 4 , wherein Rand Rare independently a hydrocarbon group including 5 or less carbon atoms.8. The solid electrolyte composition according to claim 4 , wherein Rand Rare independently a hydrocarbon group including 3 or less carbon atoms.9. The solid electrolyte composition according to claim 7 , wherein the solid electrolyte comprises Li claim 7 , P and S.10. The solid electrolyte composition according to claim 9 , wherein claim 9 , when Li claim 9 , P and S are converted into LiS and PS claim 9 , the molar ratio of LiS and PSis LiS:PS=60:40 to 82:18.11. The solid electrolyte composition according to claim 7 , wherein the weight ratio of the solid electrolyte and the solvent is solid electrolyte:solvent=1:0.3 to 15.0.12. The solid ...

Synthesis of luminescent 2d layered materials using an amine-metal complex and a slow sulfur-releasing precursor

A method of synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) nanoparticles comprises combining a first nanoparticle precursor and a second nanoparticle precursor in one or more solvents to form a solution, followed by heating the solution to a first temperature for a first time period, then subsequently heating the solution to a second temperature for a second time period, wherein the second temperature is higher than the first temperature, to effect the conversion of the nanoparticle precursors into 2D nanoparticles. In one embodiment, the first nanoparticle precursor is a metal-amine complex and the second nanoparticle precursor is a slow-releasing chalcogen source.

METHOD OF PREPARING A WATER-REACTIVE SULFIDE MATERIAL

A process for producing a low-cost water-reactive metal sulfide material includes dissolving a substantially anhydrous alkali metal salt and a substantially anhydrous sulfide compound in a substantially anhydrous polar solvent, providing differential solubility for a substantially high solubility alkali metal sulfide and a substantially low solubility by-product, and forming a mixture of the high solubility alkali metal sulfide and the low solubility by-product; separating the low solubility by-product from the mixture to isolate the supernatant including the alkali metal sulfide, and separating the polar solvent from the alkali metal sulfide to produce the alkali metal sulfide. The present invention provides a scalable process for production of a high purity alkali metal sulfide that is essentially free of undesired by-products. 1. A method for producing a water-reactive alkali metal sulfide compound comprising:dissolving a substantially anhydrous alkali metal salt precursor and a substantially anhydrous sulfide precursor compound in one or more substantially anhydrous polar solvents, wherein the polar solvent provides differential solubility for a high solubility alkali metal sulfide and a low solubility by-product;forming a mixture comprising a supernatant of the high solubility alkali metal sulfide dissolved in the polar solvent, and a precipitate of the low solubility by-product;separating the precipitate of the low solubility by-product from the supernatant;evaporating the polar solvent from the supernatant; and a final heat treatment to isolate the alkali metal sulfide.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising addition of a sulfur source at any point during the process to increase the purity of the final alkali metal sulfide product.3. The method of claim 2 , the sulfur source comprising one or more of elemental sulfur and HS.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the sulfur source is added to one or more of the sulfide precursor solution claim 2 , the alkali ...

FORMING SPHERICAL SEMICONDUCTIVE NANOPARTICLES

In certain embodiments, a material comprising one or more semiconductive substances is vaporized to generate a vapor phase condensate. The vapor phase condensate is allowed to form nanoparticles. The nanoparticles are annealed to yield substantially spherical nanoparticles. 1. A system comprising:a vacuum chamber;a material hopper coupled to the vacuum chamber;a heating element disposed within the vacuum chamber; anda quenchant gas supplier disposed within the vacuum chamber;the vacuum chamber configured to provide an near vacuum volume;the material hopper configured to direct material to the heating element, the material comprising one or more semiconductive substances;the heating element configured to raise the temperature of the material to vaporize the material to generate a vapor phase condensate;the quenchant gas supplier configured to introduce a quenchant gas into the vacuum chamber to cool the vapor phase condensate to form a plurality of nanoparticles; andthe heating element configured to raise the temperature of the nanoparticles to anneal the nanoparticles to yield substantially spherical nanoparticles.2. The system of claim 1 , the one or more semiconductor substances selected from the group consisting of mercury telluride claim 1 , cadmium telluride claim 1 , indium claim 1 , and gallium.3. The system of claim 1 , the material having an absorption edge greater than 0.5 microns.4. The system of claim 1 , the quenchant gas supplier configured to introduce the quenchant gas generally parallel to and at the same speed as the vapor phase condensate.5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:an inert gas supplier configured to flush the vacuum chamber with an inert gas to yield an inert atmosphere prior to the vaporization.6. The system of claim 1 , the heating element configured to raise the temperature of the nanoparticles to anneal the nanoparticles by:heating the nanoparticles to a temperature greater than 200° C.; andcooling the nanoparticles to a ...

LITHIUM SULFIDE-GRAPHENE OXIDE COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR LI/S CELLS

The disclosure provides methods for producing LiS-graphene oxide (LiS-GO) composite materials. The disclosure further provides for the LiS-GO made therefrom, and the use of these materials in lithium-sulfur batteries. 1. A composition comprising nanoparticulate spheres having lithium sulfide with embedded graphene oxide (LiS/GO).2. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a conformal carbon coating surrounding the LiS/GO.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the lithium sulfide core comprises embedded graphene oxide.4. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the lithium sulfide core comprises embedded graphene oxide and a conformal carbon coating.5. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the graphene oxide and lithium sulfide are heterogeneously dispersed.6. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the graphene oxide and lithium sulfide are substantially homogenously dispersed.7. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the lithium sulfide graphene oxide core has a width or diameter of about 200 nm to 1400 nm.8. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the lithium sulfide graphene oxide core has an average width or diameter of about 800 nm.9. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the conformal carbon coating comprises a shell around the lithium sulfide graphene oxide core.10. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the conformal carbon coating is about 5-45 nm thick.11. The composition of claim 10 , wherein the average thickness of the conformal carbon coating is about 25 nm.12. A method to synthesize a lithium sulfide-graphene oxide composite material comprising:adding a first solution comprising elemental sulfur in a nonpolar organic solvent to a second solution comprising dispersed graphene oxide in a dispersing solvent and adding a strong lithium based reducing agent to make a reaction mixture;{'sub': '2', 'precipitating the LiS-GO material from the reaction mixture by heating the reaction mixture at an elevated temperature for 2 to 30 minutes.'}13. The method of claim 12 , ...

METHOD FOR PREPARING ALKALI METAL SULPHIDE

The present invention concerns a method for preparing an alkali metal sulfide, from at least one oxygenated alkali metal compound comprising at least one step a) involving reacting said oxygenated alkali compound(s) with at least one sulfur compound of formula (I): 2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said oxygen-comprising alkali metal compound is selected from the group consisting of the oxides claim 1 , hydroxides claim 1 , hydrogencarbonates claim 1 , carbonates claim 1 , sulfates claim 1 , sulfites claim 1 , nitrates claim 1 , nitrites and carboxylates of said alkali metal and also the mixtures of two or more of them claim 1 , in all proportions.3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the alkali metal is from the group consisting of lithium claim 1 , sodium claim 1 , potassium claim 1 , rubidium claim 1 , cesium and their mixtures.4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said sulfur-comprising compound of formula (I) is such that n=0.5. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said sulfur-comprising compound of formula (I) is such that x=1 claim 1 , 2 or 3 or is a mixture of sulfur-comprising compounds with claim 1 , on average claim 1 , x between 2 and 10 (limits included).6. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sulfur-comprising compound is selected from the group consisting of dimethyl trisulfide claim 1 , diethyl trisulfide claim 1 , dimethyl tetrasulfide claim 1 , diethyl tetrasulfide claim 1 , dimethyl disulfide claim 1 , diethyl disulfide claim 1 , di(n-propyl) disulfide claim 1 , diisopropyl disulfide and their mixtures claim 1 , preferably dimethyl disulfide claim 1 , diethyl trisulfide and dimethyl tetrasulfide claim 1 , and their mixtures.7. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein stage a) is carried out at a temperature of between 150° C. and 1500° C.8. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein stage a) is carried out in the presence of at least one catalyst selected from the group consisting of cobalt ...

IONIC RECEPTORS TO REGULATE THE POLYSULFIDE SHUTTLE IN LITHIUM-SULFUR BATTERIES

This disclosure describes a composition including polymers and high dipole moment anion and cation receptors for use in high energy density Li—S batteries and Li-ion sulfur batteries. Methods of making such batteries are also disclosed. 1. A battery comprising:{'sub': x', 'y, 'at least one component selected from the group consisting of a separator, an interlayer, a protective layer, and an electrode, the at least one component comprising a material of formula MN, wherein M is selected from the group consisting of B, Si, P, Al, C, and Sn, N represents nitrogen, and wherein x=1 to 3, and y=1 to 4.'}2. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the material of formula MNis the form of one of bulk claim 1 , micron-sized claim 1 , nanoparticles claim 1 , 2D sheets claim 1 , nanotubes claim 1 , nanorods claim 1 , and a porous structure.3. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the material of formula MNis combined with at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene claim 1 , polypropylene claim 1 , polyvinyledene fluoride claim 1 , and polyacrylic acid.4. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the material of formula MNis part of one of a mesoporous carbon-sulfur composite claim 1 , a graphene-sulfur composite claim 1 , and a carbon nanotubes-sulfur composite.5. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the material of formula MNis incorporated into at least one of a separator and an electrode.6. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the battery is one of a lithium-sulfur claim 1 , a lithium-polysulfide claim 1 , a Li-ion polysulfide claim 1 , and a lithium ion-sulfur battery.7. The battery of claim 1 , wherein M is boron claim 1 , and x=1 claim 1 , and y=1.8. The battery of claim 7 , wherein the boron nitride is provided as nanosheets.9. The battery of claim 8 , wherein the nanosheets have a thickness between about 100 nanometers and about 30 microns.10. The battery of claim 7 , wherein the separator is decorated with the nanosheets.11. The battery of claim 1 , having a capacity ...

SULFIDE SOLID ELECTROLYTE MATERIAL

The main object of the present invention is to provide a sulfide solid electrolyte material with less hydrogen sulfide generation amount. The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem by providing a sulfide solid electrolyte material using a raw material composition containing LiS and sulfide of an element of the group 14 or the group 15 in the periodic table, containing substantially no cross-linking sulfur and LiS. 1. A sulfide solid electrolyte material comprising LiSiS ,{'sub': '2', 'wherein no LiS peak is observed by X-ray diffraction,'}the sulfide solid electrolyte material contains no cross-linking sulfur, and{'sup': 2', '2, 'in the case that 100 mg of the sulfide solid electrolyte material is pressed at a pressure of 5.1 ton/cmby using a pelleting machine having a molding portion with an area of 1 cmto form a pellet, and the pellet is disposed inside a hermetically sealed desiccator at 1755 cc, air atmosphere, a temperature of 25° C., and a humidity of 40%, to measure a hydrogen sulfide generation amount generated for 300 seconds from the start by using a hydrogen sulfide sensor, the hydrogen sulfide generation amount is 10 cc/g or less.'}2. The sulfide solid electrolyte material according to claim 1 ,wherein the hydrogen sulfide generation amount is 5 cc/g or less.3. The sulfide solid electrolyte material according to claim 1 ,{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'wherein the sulfide solid electrolyte material is obtained by a raw material composition containing only LiS and SiS, and a molar fraction of the LiS contained in the raw material composition is within a range of 50% to 80%.'}4. A lithium battery comprising a cathode active material layer containing a cathode active material claim 1 , an anode active material layer containing an anode active material claim 1 , and an electrolyte layer formed between the cathode active material layer and the anode active material layer;{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'wherein at least one of the ...

PRINTING INK AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE MANUFACTURED BY PRINTING WITH SAME

A printing ink comprising inorganic nano-materials. The provided printing ink comprises at least one inorganic nano-material, in particular, quantum dots, and at least one aryl ketone-based or aryl ether-based organic solvent. Also provided is an electronic device manufactured by printing with the printing ink, in particular, an electroluminescent device. 1. A printing ink , comprising an inorganic nano-material , and at least one aryl ketone-based or aryl ether-based organic solvent , wherein , the aryl ketone-based or aryl ether-based organic solvent has a boiling point over 200° C. , and a viscosity in a range of 1 cPs to 100 cPs at 25° C. , the aryl ketone-based or aryl ether-based organic solvent is able to be evaporated from a solvent system and forming an inorganic nano-material film.2. The printing ink according to claim 1 , wherein the aryl ketone-based or aryl ether-based organic solvent has a surface tension in a range of 19 dyne/cm to 50 dyne/cm at 25° C.5. The printing ink according to claim 1 , wherein the organic solvent is a single aryl ketone solvent or a mixture of a plurality of aryl ketone solvents or a mixture of aryl ketone solvents and other solvents; or the organic solvent is a single aryl ether solvent claim 1 , or a mixture of a plurality of aryl ether solvents claim 1 , or a mixture of aryl ether solvents and other solvents; or the organic solvent is a mixture of aryl ketone solvents and aryl ether solvents or a mixture further mixed with other solvents.6. The printing ink according to claim 1 , wherein the organic solvent of the aryl ketone is 1-tetralone claim 1 , 2-tetralone claim 1 , acetophenone claim 1 , propiophenone claim 1 , benzophenone and a plurality of derivatives thereof.7. The printing ink according to claim 1 , wherein the organic solvent of the aryl ether is 3-phenoxytoluene claim 1 , butoxybenzene claim 1 , benzylbutylbenzene claim 1 , p-anisaldehyde dimethyl acetal claim 1 , tetrahydro-2-phenoxy-2H-pyran claim 1 , 1 ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING COMPOUND POWDERS

A gas atomization apparatus is disclosed for producing high purity fine refractory compound powders. After the system reaches high vacuum, a first stage inert atomizing gas breaks superheated metal melt into droplets and a second stage reactive atomizing gas breaks the droplets further into ultrafine droplets while reacts with them to form refractory compound powders. The first stage atomizing gas is inert gas able to break up melt into droplets and prevent crust formation on the nozzle front. A reaction time enhancer is arranged at bottom of reaction chamber to furnish a reactive gas flow in a reverse direction of the falling droplets and powders. Under the reverse gas flow, the falling droplets and powders change moving direction and travel longer distance in reaction chamber to increase reaction time. This apparatus can produce refractory powders with ultrahigh purity and uniform powder size while maintain high process energy efficiency. 1. A method for producing non-metallic , refractory compound powder , the method comprising:providing a metal to a first stage of an apparatus;superheating, by a heating mechanism in the first stage of the apparatus, the metal to a temperature that is higher than a melting point of the metal;supplying an inert gas in the first stage of the apparatus in a way that reduces a probability of a reactive gas inflowing from a second stage of the apparatus into the first stage of the apparatus;receiving, in the second stage of the apparatus, the superheated metal in a first direction; andsupplying, in the second stage of the apparatus, the reactive gas to (1) atomize the superheated metal into liquid droplets, and (2) react with the liquid droplets so as to form the non-metallic, refractory compound powder,wherein, in an extension of the second stage of the apparatus, at least a portion of the reactive gas is supplied in a second direction that is different than the first direction so as to change a falling direction of the liquid ...

METHOD FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF POLYMERIC SULFUR

The present invention relates to a method for the manufacture of polymeric sulfur. The method includes reacting a metallasulfur derivative with an oxidizing agent to form polymeric sulfur. 1. A method for the manufacture of polymeric sulfur , comprising reacting a metallasulfur derivative with an oxidizing agent in a reaction zone to form polymeric sulfur in a polymeric sulfur-containing reaction mixture.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the stoichiometric ratio of the oxidizing agent to the metallasulfur derivative is selected so that less than one equivalent of the oxidizing agent is present for every two M-S bonds in the metallasulfur derivative.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein X and X′ are chlorine or bromine.6. The method claim 1 , wherein the reacting is carried out a temperature greater than ambient temperature.7. The method claim 1 , wherein the reacting is carried out a temperature from about 40° C. to about 60° C.8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising reacting elemental sulfur with a sulfur templating agent to form the metallasulfur derivative prior to the step of reacting the metallasulfur derivative with the oxidizing agent.9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising isolating the polymer from the polymer-containing reaction mixture by:(i) dissolving impurities from the polymer-containing mixture by treating the polymer-containing mixture with a solvent for the impurities to form a dissolution liquor, followed by separating polymer particles from the dissolution liquor to obtain mother-liquor-wet polymer particles; and(ii) drying the mother-liquor-wet polymer particles from step (i) to produce purified polymer.10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising isolating the polymer from the polymer-containing reaction mixture by:(i) contacting the polymer-containing mixture with a sedimentation solvent to produce a suspended slurry mixture and a settled particle layer;(ii) dissolving impurities from the settled particle layer by treating the the ...

METHOD FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CYCLODODECASULFUR

The present invention relates to a method for the manufacture of cyclododecasulfur, a cyclic sulfur allotrope wherein the number of sulfur (S) atoms in the allotrope's homocyclic ring is 12. The method includes reacting a metallasulfur derivative with an oxidizing agent in a reaction zone to form a cyclododecasulfur-containing reaction mixture. 1. A method for the manufacture of cyclododecasulfur , comprising reacting a metallasulfur derivative with an oxidizing agent in a reaction zone to form a cyclododecasulfur-containing reaction mixture containing cyclododecasulfur.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxidizing agent comprises one or more of SOCland SOBr.5. The method of wherein the oxidizing agent comprises one or more of O claim 1 , HO claim 1 , an alkyl peroxide claim 1 , and an acyl peroxide.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the stoichiometric ratio of the oxidizing agent to the metallasulfur derivative is less than one equivalent of the oxidizing agent is present for every two M-S bonds in the metallasulfur derivative.7. The method of claim 3 , wherein X and X′ are one or more of chlorine and bromine.8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising a step of reacting elemental sulfur with a sulfur templating agent to form the metallasulfur derivative prior to the step of reacting the metallasulfur derivative with the oxidizing agent.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the reacting the elemental sulfur with a sulfur templating agent to form the metallasulfur derivative is carried out in the presence of water.10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising a step of isolating the cyclododecasulfur from the cyclododecasulfur-containing reaction mixture.11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the step of isolating the cyclododecasulfur from the cyclododecasulfur-containing reaction mixture comprises one or more steps chosen from dissolving claim 10 , heat treating claim 10 , drying claim 10 , acid treating claim 10 , solvent washing claim 10 , crystallizing claim ...

COAL GASIFICATION WITH FECO3 CATALYST

Embodiments described herein generally relate to iron carbonate utilized as a catalyst in coal gasification processes. An FeCOcatalyst is active in both pyrolysis and gasification operations, and may increase carbon conversion rate and reduce the activation energy of coal gasification. Methods described herein also include suitable processing conditions for performing coal gasification with the FeCOcatalyst. 1. A coal gasification method , comprising:mixing a coal derived solid with an iron carbonate catalyst to form a reaction mixture;heating the reaction mixture to a target temperature between about 700° C. and about 900° C.;contacting the reaction mixture with water vapor; andforming a syngas mixture from the reaction mixture.2. The coal gasification method of claim 1 , wherein the iron carbonate catalyst is an aqueous solution.3. The coal gasification method of claim 2 , further comprising:{'sub': '3', 'drying and heating the aqueous solution to form a calcined FeCOcatalyst.'}4. The coal gasification method of claim 1 , further comprising disposing the reaction mixture in a fixed bed gasifier.5. The coal gasification method of claim 1 , wherein the iron carbonate catalyst is present in the reaction mixture at a concentration of about 3 wt %.6. The coal gasification method of claim 5 , further comprising contacting the reaction mixture with nitrogen.7. The coal gasification method of claim 5 , wherein the reaction mixture is maintained at the target temperature for a time between about 100 minutes and about 2 claim 5 ,000 minutes.8. The coal gasification method of claim 5 , wherein the reaction mixture is maintained at a pressure between about 0.75 atm. and about 1 atm.9. The coal gasification method of claim 1 , wherein the heating the reaction mixture is performed at a rate of about 20° C./minute.10. The coal gasification method of claim 1 , wherein the syngas mixture comprises at least one of H claim 1 , CO claim 1 , and CO.11. A coal gasification method claim ...

FEED LOCATION FOR GASIFICATION OF PLASTICS AND SOLID FOSSIL FUELS

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. A syngas composition can be made by charging an oxidant and a feedstock composition comprising recycle plastics and a solid fossil fuel to a gasification zone within a gasifier; gasifying the feedstock composition together with the oxidant in said gasification zone to produce said syngas composition; and discharging at least a portion of said syngas composition from said gasifier; wherein the recycled plastics are added to a feed point comprising a solid fossil fuel belt feeding a grinder after the solid fossil fuel is loaded on the belt, a solid fossil fuel belt feeding a grinder before the solid fossil fuel is loaded onto the belt, or a solid fossil fuel slurry storage tank containing a slurry of said solid fossil fuel ground to a size as the size fed to the gasification zone. 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein said gasifier is an entrained flow slagging gasifier.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to a solid fossil fuel grinder or to a belt containing a fossil fuel feeding the grinder.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to the solid fossil fuel in a low-pressure section that has a lower pressure that the pressure within the gasifier.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to solid fossil fuel on a feed belt.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are deposited onto a belt before solid fossil fuel is added onto the belt.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the solid fossil fuel is on top of the recycle plastics on the belt.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to solid fossil fuel on a coal feed belt.9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to a grinding mill containing coal and water.10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to a slurry ...

GASIFICATION OF POST-CONSUMER TIRES AND SOLID FOSSIL FUELS TO PRODUCE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Tires are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel such as coal and fed into an entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. High concentrations of solids and tires in the solids stream can be stably obtained without significant impact on the feedstock stream stability and pumpability. A consistent quality of syngas can be continuously produced while stably operating the gasifier and avoiding the high tar generation of waste gasifiers and without impacting the operations of the gasifier. The subsequent syngas produced from this material can be used to produce a wide range of chemicals. 1. A process for producing an organic compound from a syngas composition comprising:a. charging an oxidant and a feedstock composition comprising post-consumer recycled materials and a solid fossil fuel to a gasification zone comprising a gasifier; wherein said post-consumer recycle material comprises post-consumer tires;b. gasifying the feedstock composition together with the oxidant in said gasification zone of a gasifier to produce said syngas composition; andc. producing said organic compound from said syngas composition.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said organic compound comprises at least one substituent; and wherein said substituent comprises an acetyl functional group.3. The process according to wherein the feedstock composition comprises coal.4. The process according to any one of claim 3 , wherein the feedstock composition comprises a liquid slurry; wherein said liquid slurry comprises coal and post-consumer recycled materials chosen from recycled tires claim 3 , recycled plastic or a combination thereof.5. The process according to any one of claim 4 , wherein gasifying said feedstock composition occurs in the presence of oxygen.6. The process according to one of wherein said organic compound is any chemical that has a syngas composition as an intermediate.7. The process according to any one of wherein said organic compound comprises acetic acid claim 6 , methanol claim ...

PROCESS FOR CONVERSION OF A FEEDSTOCK COMPRISING SOLID CARBONACEOUS PARTICLES INTO AT LEAST A GASEOUS COMPOUND

The invention relates to a process for conversion of a feedstock comprising solid particles into at least a gaseous compound in a reactor comprising a vertically extending swirl chamber comprising a conical upper part with a decreasing diameter in upward direction, at least one tangential inlet at the bottom of the swirl chamber, and an outlet at the upper end of the swirl chamber, wherein the process is selected from pyrolysis, allothermal gasification or carbonisation of a carbon-aceous feedstock. The invention further relates to a process for conversion of a feedstock comprising solid particles into at least one or more gaseous compounds in such reactor. 113.-. (canceled)14. A process for converting o feedstock comprising solid carbonaceous particles into at least one or more gaseous compounds , the process comprising:(a) supplying the feedstock at the bottom end of a vertically extending swirl chamber defined by a wall, a bottom and an upper end, the swirl chamber comprising a conical upper part with a decreasing diameter in upward direction, wherein the wall of the conical upper part of the swirl chamber has a first angle with the vertical; at least one tangential inlet at the bottom of the swirl chamber; and an outlet at the upper end of the swirl chamber(b) supplying an inert gas tangentially to the swirl chamber through the at least one tangential inlet, forming a layer of feedstock particles on the wall of the conical upper part of the swirl chamber,(c) converting at least part of the feedstock into at least one of more gaseous compounds in the swirl chamber at elevated temperature, wherein the converting takes place in the layer of feedstock particles, and(d) discharging a stream comprising the one or more gaseous compounds via the outlet, wherein the process is selected from pyrolysis, allothermal gasification, torrefaction, or carbonisation of the carbonaceous feedstock15. The process according to claim 14 , wherein the swirl chamber further comprises a ...

POROUS MATERIALS HAVING A SULFUR NANOSTRUCTURED YOLK AND A CARBONIZED METAL ORGANIC FRAMEWORK SHELL AND USES THEREOF

Porous carbon materials having a yolk-shell structure, methods of making and uses thereof are described. The porous carbon materials can have a sulfur-based yolk positioned within a hollow space of by a porous carbonized metal organic framework (MOF) shell. 1. A porous material having a yolk-shell type structure , the porous material comprising a sulfur-based material positioned within a hollow space of a porous carbonized metal organic framework (MOF) shell wherein the porous carbonized MOF shell is doped with nitrogen.2. The porous material of claim 1 , wherein the porous shell comprises 2 wt. % to 40 wt. % of elemental nitrogen (N) claim 1 , 25 wt. % to 35 wt. % N claim 1 , or 27 wt. % to 32 wt. % N with the balance being elemental carbon.3. The porous material of claim 1 , wherein the MOF is a zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF).4. The porous material of claim 3 , wherein the ZIF is:a ZIF-1 to a ZIF-100; ora hybrid ZIF.5. The porous material of claim 1 , wherein the carbon shell is substantially defect free.6. The porous material of claim 1 , wherein the hollow space allows for volume expansion of the sulfur-based nanostructure without deforming the porous carbonized shell.7. The porous material of claim 1 , wherein the sulfur-based material is elemental sulfur or lithium sulfide.8. A method of producing a porous material having a yolk-shell structure claim 1 , the method comprising:(a) combining an organic framework precursor with a suspension comprising zinc oxide (ZnO) under conditions suitable to produce a metal organic framework (MOF) material comprising a ZnO core and an organic framework shell, wherein the organic framework shell encompasses the ZnO core;(b) heat-treating the MOF material under conditions sufficient to carbonize the organic framework shell to produce a core-shell material comprising a ZnO core and a porous carbonized shell;(c) subjecting the ZnO core-porous carbonized shell material of step (b) to conditions sufficient to remove the ZnO ...

POSITIVE-ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM-ION SECONDARY BATTERY, POSITIVE ELECTRODE AND LITHIUM-ION SECONDARY BATTERY

An object of the present invention is to provide a novel sulfur-based positive electrode active material for a lithium-ion secondary battery which is excellent in cyclability and can largely improve a charging and discharging capacity, a positive electrode comprising the positive electrode active material and a lithium-ion secondary battery made using the positive electrode. The sulfur-based positive electrode active material is obtainable by subjecting a starting material comprising a polymer, sulfur and an organometallic compound dispersed in a form of fine particles to heat-treatment under a non-oxidizing atmosphere, wherein the particles of metallic sulfide resulting from sulfurization of the organometallic compound are dispersed in the heat-treated material, and particle size of the metallic sulfide particles is not less than 10 nm and less than 100 nm. 1. A sulfur-based positive electrode active material , which is obtainable by subjecting a starting material comprising a polymer , sulfur and an organometallic compound dispersed in a form of fine particles to heat-treatment under a non-oxidizing atmosphere , wherein particles of metallic sulfide resulting from sulfurization of the organometallic compound are dispersed in the heat-treated material , andparticle size of the metallic sulfide particles is not less than 10 nm and less than 100 nm.2. The sulfur-based positive electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the metal comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of Period 4 metals claim 1 , Period 5 metals claim 1 , alkali metals and alkali-earth metals.3. The sulfur-based positive electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the metal comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of Na claim 1 , Mg claim 1 , Ti claim 1 , Cr claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Ni claim 1 , Cu claim 1 , Zn claim 1 , Ru claim 1 , Nb claim 1 , Sb and Te.4. The sulfur-based positive electrode active material of claim 1 , wherein the metal comprises at least ...

SOLID ELECTROLYTE MATERIAL AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME

To improve the stability of an electrolyte, among the sulfide solid electrolytes of Li—P—S—X based (X is at least one of F, Cl, N and OH) containing no metal element other than lithium, a new solid electrolyte having a possibility to have high ion conductivity and a method for producing for obtaining the same easily. The disclosure achieves the object by providing a solid electrolyte material including a sulfide composition represented by a composition formula Li4−4y−x−zP4+1+y−xP5+xS4−zXz (Li4−4y−x−zP1+yS4−zXz), wherein 0.2≤x<1.0, 0≤z≤0.2, and 0≤y≤0.075, and X is at least one of F, Cl, N and OH, and the solid electrolyte material has a peak at a position of 2θ=17.8°±0.1°, 19.1°±0.1°, 21.7°±0.1°, 23.8°±0.1° and 30.85°±0.1° in X-ray diffraction measurement using a CuKα ray, and method for producing the same. 1. A solid electrolyte material comprising a sulfide composition represented by a composition formula LiPPSX(LiPSX) , wherein 0.2≤x<1.0 , 0≤z≤0.2 , and 0≤y≤0.075 , andX is at least one of F, Cl, N and OH, andthe solid electrolyte material has a peak at a position of 2θ=17.8°±0.1°, 19.1°±0.1°, 21.7°±0.1°, 23.8°±0.1° and 30.85°±0.1° in X-ray diffraction measurement using a CuKα ray.2. The solid electrolyte material according to claim 1 , wherein ion conductivity is 0.4 mS/cm or more.3. A method for producing the solid electrolyte material according to claim 1 , the method comprising:an ion conductive material synthesizing step of synthesizing an ion conductive material using a simple substance of P, a P compound, a S compound, and a Li compound as a raw material including a constituent of the sulfide composition; anda heating step of obtaining the sulfide composition by heating the ion conductive material, andat least one of the P compound, the S compound, and the Li compound includes at least one of a fluoride, a chloride, a nitride, and a hydroxide.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein a heating temperature in the heating step is in a range of 230° C. to ...

METHODS OF GRINDING SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTAL POLYMER COMPOSITE PARTICLES

A method of grinding a semiconductor nanocrystal-polymer composite, the method including obtaining a semiconductor nanocrystal-polymer composite including a semiconductor nanocrystal and a first polymer, contacting the semiconductor nanocrystal-polymer composite with an inert organic solvent; and grinding the semiconductor nanocrystal-polymer composite in the presence of the inert organic solvent to grind the semiconductor nanocrystal-polymer composite. 1. A composite comprising an encapsulant and a population of semiconductor nanocrystal-polymer composite fine particles dispersed in the encapsulant ,wherein the encapsulant comprises include a silicone resin, an epoxy resin, a poly(meth)acrylate, an organic/inorganic hybrid polymer, a polycarbonate, polystyrene, a polyolefin, a copolymer of a first monomer having at least two thiol groups at a terminal end thereof and a second monomer having at least two carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds at a terminal end thereof, a derivative thereof, or a combination thereof, andwherein the population of semiconductor nanocrystal-polymer composite fine particles comprises:the semiconductor nanocrystal-polymer composite particles comprises semiconductor nanocrystals and a first polymer on the semiconductor nanocrystals,wherein the population of semiconductor nanocrystal-polymer composite particles has an average particle size of about 100 micrometers or less when semiconductor nanocrystal-polymer composite particles having a diameter of greater than 10 micrometers are measured, andwherein the population of semiconductor nanocrystal-polymer composite particles has a quantum efficiency of about 40% or greater.2. The composite of claim 1 , wherein the quantum efficiency of the population of the semiconductor nanocrystal-polymer composite fine particles is greater than or equal to about 70% of a quantum efficiency of a population of semiconductor nanocrystal-polymer composite particles prior to being ground.3. The composite of claim 1 , ...

SOLID ELECTROLYTE AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF, AND ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE COMPRISING SAME

Embodiments of the present application relate to a solid electrolyte and a preparation method thereof, and an electrochemical device and an electronic device comprising the same. The solid electrolyte of the present application includes a solid electrolyte material being represented by the chemical formula of LiMGaPS, where M is selected from the group consisting of Sr, Ba, Zn, Cd and a combination thereof, 0≤x≤0.2 and 0≤y≤0.05. Embodiments of the present application provides a solid electrolyte having good stability with lithium and ionic conductivity by forming the solid electrolyte using lower cost solid electrolyte materials and optimizing the material composition and a crystal structure thereof. At the same time, this also reduces the manufacturing costs of the solid electrolyte, and improves the structural stability of the solid electrolyte.

Methods and Systems for Remediation of Heavy Metals in Combustion Waste

Methods and systems for bioremediation of heavy metal contaminants in waste materials (e.g., sludge and combustion wastes from a coal-fixed power plant). The systems described in the present application include at least one waste treatment unit (e.g., a flue gas cleaner or a waste lagoon) that includes one or more selected bacterial strains disposed therein consume and/or reclaim at least a portion of the heavy metal in the combustion wastes. Methods include inoculating a waste treatment unit with one or more selected bacteria that consume and/or reclaim at least a portion of the heavy metal in the combustion wastes. Methods may include periodic reinoculation of the waste treatment unit with fresh bacteria and period recovery of the bacteria from the waste treatment unit. 1. A system , comprising:at least one waste treatment unit selected from the group consisting of a liquid-gas contact flue gas treatment unit or a waste lagoon; anda bacterial strain disposed in the at least one waste treatment unit, wherein the bacterial strain is adapted to grow in the waste treatment unit and to remediate heavy metals contamination therein.2. The system of claim f , wherein the liquid-gas contact flue gas treatment unit , comprises:a vessel with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet and a liquid reservoir containing a liquid flue gas treating agent;a recirculation/spray system configured to circulate the liquid flue gas treating agent through the vessel;one or more contact surfaces in the vessel configured for contacting the flue gas and the liquid flue gas treating agent recirculated from the reservoir; andthe bacterial strain disposed in the liquid reservoir containing the liquid flue gas treating agent, wherein the bacterial strain is adapted to grow in the liquid flue gas treating agent and to remediate heavy metals trapped from the flue gas therein.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the liquid-gas contact flue gas treatment unit comprises flue gas desulfurization unit.4. ...

IONIC RECEPTORS TO REGULATE THE POLYSULFIDE SHUTTLE IN LITHIUM-SULFUR BATTERIES

This disclosure describes a composition including polymers and high dipole moment anion and cation receptors for use in high energy density Li—S batteries and Li-ion sulfur batteries. Methods of making such batteries are also disclosed. 1. A battery comprising:{'sub': x', 'y, 'at least one component selected from the group consisting of a separator, an interlayer, a protective layer, and an electrode, the at least one component comprising a material of formula MN, wherein M is selected from the group consisting of B, Si, P, Al, C, and Sn, N represents nitrogen, and wherein x=1 to 3, and y=1 to 4.'}2. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the material of formula MNis the form of one of bulk claim 1 , micron-sized claim 1 , nanoparticles claim 1 , 2D sheets claim 1 , nanotubes claim 1 , nanorods claim 1 , and a porous structure.3. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the material of formula MNis combined with at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene claim 1 , polypropylene claim 1 , polyvinyledene fluoride claim 1 , and polyacrylic acid.4. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the material of formula MNis part of one of a mesoporous carbon-sulfur composite claim 1 , a graphene-sulfur composite claim 1 , and a carbon nanotubes-sulfur composite.5. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the material of formula MNis incorporated into at least one of a separator and an electrode.6. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the battery is one of a lithium-sulfur claim 1 , a lithium-polysulfide claim 1 , a Li-ion polysulfide claim 1 , and a lithium ion-sulfur battery.7. The battery of claim 1 , wherein M is boron claim 1 , and x=1 claim 1 , and y=1.8. The battery of claim 7 , wherein the boron nitride is provided as nanosheets.9. The battery of claim 8 , wherein the nanosheets have a thickness between about 100 nanometers and about 30 microns.10. The battery of claim 7 , wherein the separator is decorated with the nanosheets.11. The battery of claim 1 , having a capacity ...

DEVICE FOR PRODUCING LITHIUM SULFIDE, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING LITHIUM SULFIDE

An apparatus for producing lithium sulfide, including: a reaction container for allowing lithium hydroxide powder to be in contact with a hydrogen sulfide gas; a stirring blade inside the reaction container; a first heating apparatus that keeps the temperature of an inner wall of the reaction container that is in contact with the powder; and a second heating apparatus that keeps the temperature of an inner wall that is not in contact with the powder. 1. An apparatus for producing lithium sulfide , comprising:a reaction container for allowing lithium hydroxide powder to be in contact with a hydrogen sulfide gas;a stirring blade inside the reaction container;a first heating apparatus that keeps a temperature of an inner wall of the reaction container that is in contact with the lithium hydroxide powder; anda second heating apparatus that keeps a temperature of an inner wall of the reaction container that is not in contact with the lithium hydroxide powder.2. The apparatus for producing lithium sulfide according to claim 1 , wherein a capacity of the reaction container is 0.1 liter or more and 100 kiloliters or less.3. The apparatus for producing lithium sulfide according to claim 1 , wherein the stirring blade is provided at a position within 10 cm from a bottom surface of the reaction container.4. The apparatus for producing lithium sulfide according to claim 1 , wherein a bottom surface part of the reaction container is rounded.5. The apparatus for producing lithium sulfide according to claim 1 ,wherein the stirring blade is an anchor blade, a Pfaudler blade, a helical blade, a maxblend blade or a disk-like blade.6. A method for producing lithium sulfide claim 1 , the method comprising:incorporating lithium hydroxide into a reaction container in an amount of 0.1 kg or more relative to 1 liter of a capacity of the reaction container,introducing hydrogen sulfide to the reaction container at a flow rate of 5 liters/min or less relative to 1 kg of the lithium hydroxide, ...

Modular reactor and process for carbon dioxide extraction

The present invention relates to a reactor and a process suitable for extracting carbon dioxide from carbon dioxide-containing gas stream. The reactor is based on a two module system where absorption occurs in one module and desorption occurs in the other module. The absorption and desorption modules in the system include at least one gas-liquid membrane (GLM) module and at least one direct gas-liquid contact (DGLC) module. The carbon dioxide extraction may be catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase.

Process and apparatus for the treatment of carbon dioxide with carbonic anhydrase

A process is disclosed for the extraction, production and purification of carbon dioxide gas. The process may also be employed for the production of aqueous and/or organic solutions of bicarbonate ions using a precursor feed stream of gas containing carbon dioxide. The process consists of the countercurrent flushing of a packed tower-type bioreactor with gas containing carbon dioxide and a liquid solvent. The bioreactor contains carbonic anhydrase covalently bound to an inert inorganic support. The carbon dioxide of the gaseous phase diffuses into the liquid phase. The immobilized carbonic anhydrase catalyses the hydration of the carbon dioxide which forms hydrogen and bicarbonate ions. The solution of ions may be employed directly or, alternatively, subjected to an ion-exchange resin to immobilize the bicarbonate ions. The aqueous solution of hydrogen and bicarbonate ions may also be recirculated into a second identical bioreactor, wherein they are catalytically converted to water and carbon dioxide.

Process and apparatus using a spray absorber bioreactor for the biocatalytic treatment of gases

A process using a spray absorber bioreactor for the biocatalytic treatment of gases is disclosed. The process comprises the steps of contacting a gas phase, containing a gas to be treated, to a liquid phase containing a reactant capable of chemically reacting with and/or absorbing the gas, thereby producing a spent liquid phase containing at least one reaction product and a treated gas phase substantially free of the gas, such step being performed in the presence of biocatalysts suitable for catalyzing the chemical reaction between the gas and the reactant. The process is characterized in that the gas phase is contacted to spray droplets of liquid phase containing biocatalysts. The use of droplets of liquid containing the biocatalysts enables to increase the gas-liquid interface, thereby allowing a high mass transfer rate of the gas to be treated from the gas phase to the liquid phase. These conditions of high mass transfer enable to transform the gas with a maximum reaction rate. This process can advantageously be used for cleaning or purifying a gas phase containing a harmful gas. For example, it can be used for extracting CO2 from a gas emission.

A process and a plant for recycling carbon dioxide emissions from power plants into useful carbonated species

A process is disclosed for recycling carbon dioxide emissions from a fossil-fuel power plant into useful carbonated species. Ohe process primarily comprises the steps of: a) burning the fossil fuel, thereby generating heat and a hot exhaust gas containing CO2; and b) converting the heat into energy. The process is characterized in that it further comprises the steps of: c) cooling the exhaust gas; and d) biologically transforming the CO2 contained in the cooled exhaust gas into carbonated species, thereby obtaining a low CO2 exhaust gas and producing useful carbonated species. The low CO2 exhaust gas obtained in step d) can be released in the atmosphere without increasing the problem of greenhouse effect.

Pneumatic diffusor for forming fine liquid droplets after collision with a gas flow

A closed chamber (12) is connected to a liquid inlet pipe (13) and contains a bundle of tubes (11) parallel to the axis of the chamber and radially pierced with orifices (15) allowing the liquid in the chamber to escape in droplets which are sprayed by the gas (G2) supplied to the diffuser by a ventilator and circulating at great speed inside the tubes. The diameter of the orifices is between 1 and 5mm and the orifices are arranged in one or more longitudinal lines along the tube. The wall of the tube forms, near the orifice, a hollow in the direction of the axis of the tube, to bring each orifice nearer the centre of the tube. The mass ratio of gas flow to liquid flow in the diffuser is between gamma and 1/10. The gas is air and the liquid is aqueous, in particular containing suspended micro-organisms or a chemical reactant dissolved or in suspension. The gas and the liquid are at different temperatures to favor a heat exchange. ALSO CLAIMED is a gas flow treatment device using such a pneumatic diffuser to diffuse droplets into a column with no packing where they contact a gas flow. The gas in this case contains components which are biodegradable using micro- organisms suspended in the liquid.

PNEUMATIC DIFFUSER FOR THE FORMATION OF FINE DROPLETS OF A LIQUID BY COLLISION WITH A GAS STREAM

Diffuseur pneumatique (2) pour la formation de fines goulettes d'un liquide par collision avec un flux gazeux, comprenant une chambre (12), de préférence cylindrique, fermée, raccordée à un conduit d'arrivée de liquide (B), dans le volume intérieur de laquelle est disposé au moins un tube (11), parallèle à l'axe de la chambre (12) et percé radialement d'orifices (15) permettant au liquide contenu dans ladite chambre (12) de s'échapper en gouttelettes qui sont alors pulvérisées par le gaz (02) circulant à grande vitesse à l'intérieur dudit tube (11). Le couple gaz/ liquide préféré est le couple air/ eau. Le diffuseur peut être utilisé dans un dispositif de traitement d'un flux gazeux par un liquide, par exemple pour la biodégradation de polluants gazeux dans une colonne sans garnissage. Pneumatic diffuser (2) for the formation of fine droplets of a liquid by collision with a gas flow, comprising a chamber (12), preferably cylindrical, closed, connected to a liquid inlet pipe (B), in the internal volume of which is disposed at least one tube (11), parallel to the axis of the chamber (12) and pierced radially with orifices (15) allowing the liquid contained in said chamber (12) to escape in droplets which are then sprayed by the gas (02) circulating at high speed inside said tube (11). The preferred gas / liquid pair is the air / water pair. The diffuser can be used in a device for treating a gas flow with a liquid, for example for the biodegradation of gaseous pollutants in a column without packing.

PROCESS FOR THE BIOEPURATION OF GASEOUS EFFLUENTS LOADED WITH POLLUTANT PRODUCTS AND MORE PARTICULARLY WITH SULFUR PRODUCTS.

Chemical-mechanical planarization slurries and powders and methods for using same

Chemical-mechanical planarization slurries and methods for using the slurries wherein the slurry includes abrasive particles. The abrasive particles have a small particle size, narrow size distribution and a spherical morphology and the particles are substantially unagglomerated.

Chemical-mechanical planarization slurries and powders and methods for using same

Chemical-mechanical planarization slurries and methods for using the slurries wherein the slurry includes abrasive particles. The abrasive particles have a small particle size, narrow size distribution and a spherical morphology and the particles are substantially unagglomerated.

Chemical-mechanical planarization slurries and powders and methods for using same

Chemical-mechanical planarization slurries and methods for using the slurries wherein the slurry includes abrasive particles. The abrasive particles have a small particle size, narrow size distribution and a spherical morphology and the particles are substantially unagglomerated.

Chemical-mechanical planarization slurries and powders and methods for using same

Chemical-mechanical planarization slurries and methods for using the slurries wherein the slurry includes abrasive particles. The abrasive particles have a small particle size, narrow size distribution and a spherical morphology and the particles are substantially unagglomerated.

Chemical-mechanical planarization slurries and powders and methods for using same

Chemical-mechanical planarization slurries and methods for using the slurries wherein the slurry includes abrasive particles. The abrasive particles have a small particle size, narrow size distribution and a spherical morphology and the particles are substantially unagglomerated.

Inorganic pigments of the empirical formula Ax By Cz

A pigment of irregular-shaped particles is described which comprises crystallites of the empirical formula A x B y C z wherein A and B are different; A is cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium, iron, manganese or any combination thereof; B is aluminum, chromium, molybdenum, iron, vanadium, manganese or any combination thereof; C is oxygen, selenium, tellurium or sulfur; x is 1, 2 or 3; y is 2 or 3; and z is greater than 3; the crystallites have an average size of from about 75 to about 600 Angstroms; and the surface area of the pigment particles is greater than zero up to about 20 m 2 /g. In one embodiment, when the pigment contains a mixture of copper oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide and no chromium, the pigment contains no more than 10% of manganese, and when the pigment contains copper oxide, chromium oxide, and manganese oxide, the pigment contains up to about 5% of manganese oxide, the mole ratio of chromium to copper is no greater than about 1.3 to 1.

Method and system for removal of sulfur compounds from gases and for regenerating spent sorbents

A method and system for removing hydrogen sulfide from a hot gas. In a moving bed absorber, sulfur compounds in the hot gas moving in a direction which is countercurrent to the direction of movement of the movable bed of metal oxide, react with metal oxide to form metal sulfide. The metal sulfide is regenerated to re-usable metal oxide in a moving bed regenerator. The regeneration is carried out with an oxygen-containing gas in which regenerator off-gas serves as a diluent to control oxygen concentration. In the regenerator, spent metal sulfide moves progressively through a single regeneration vessel having first, second and third regeneration stages. In the first and second regeneration stages, first and second oxygen and sulfur dioxide-containing gases move, respectively, in a direction which is cocurrent with the direction of movement of a movable bed of spent metal sulfide. In the third regeneration stage, an oxygen-containing gas moves in a direction which is countercurrent to the direction of movement of the movable bed of metal sulfide from the second regeneration stage. The combined gases derived from the first, second and third regeneration stges and which are rich in sulfur dioxide and lean in oxygen, are removed from the regenerator as off-gas and used as diluent with air, oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen to provide the low oxygen concentration in the oxygen-containing gas introduced into the first and second regeneration stages.

Metal ternary sulfides

Metal ternary sulfides of the general formula MM' 2 S 4 are synthesized by introducing stoichiometric amounts of nitrate precursors in concentrated nitric acid and heating to approximate dryness to yield a homogeneous powder mixture. The mixture is then exposed to a gaseous H 2 S atmosphere under controlled conditions to produce the desired sulfide.

PNEUMATIC DIFFUSER FOR THE FORMATION OF FINE DROPLETS OF A LIQUID BY COLLISION WITH A GAS STREAM

Energy devices and methods for the fabrication of energy devices

Energy devices such as batteries and methods for fabricating the energy devices. The devices are small, thin and lightweight, yet provide sufficient power for many handheld electronics.

Layered metal chalcogenides containing interspathic polymeric chalcogenides

Layered chalcogenide materials of high thermal stability and surface area which contain interspathic polymeric chalcogenides such as polymeric silica are prepared by ion exchanging a layered metal oxide, such as layered titanium oxide, with organic cation, to spread the layers apart. A compound such as tetraethylorthosilicate, capable of forming a polymeric oxide, is thereafter introduced between the layers. The resulting product is treated to form polymeric oxide, e.g. by hydrolysis, to produce the layered oxide material. The resulting product may be employed as catalyst material in the conversion of organic compounds.

Method for shaping a nanotube and a nanotube shaped thereby

The invention relates to a method for shaping small three-dimensional articles such as nanotube exhibiting a layered structure through material removal such that the article is controllably shaped to exhibit a desired contour. Typically, material removal does not require use of a chemical etchant and is carried out while the article and a shaping electrode are positioned in contact material removal relationship with under a potential difference. The invention also relates to nanotubes and small three-dimensional articles exhibiting a layered structure having a controllably shaped contour.

层状硅酸盐制备方法

一种层状产品的制备方法，此产品包括含有非硅骨架原子的层状硅酸盐和将硅酸盐各层隔开的撑柱，该撑柱是从元素周期表IB，IIB，IIIA，IIIB，IVA，IVB(不包括碳)，VA，VB(不包括氮、磷)，VIA，VIIA，VIIIA等族中选出的至少一种元素的氧化物。

Positive active materials for rechargable lithium battery, method of preparing the same and rechargable lithium battery using the same

리튬 이온 이차 전지용 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지의 양극활물질의 잔류 리튬 저감 방법에 대한 것으로, 리튬 금속 산화물 표면에 존재하는 잔류 리튬 불순물 (LiOH, Li 2 CO 3 )를 습식 처리 없이 황을 포함한 화합물을 이용한 열처리를 통하여 용량의 손실 없이 효과적으로 잔류 리튬 불순물이 제거된 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질을 제공한다. Regarding the positive electrode active material for a lithium ion secondary battery and a method for reducing residual lithium in the positive electrode active material of a lithium secondary battery including the same, residual lithium impurities (LiOH, Li 2 CO 3 ) present on the surface of lithium metal oxide are included without wet treatment It provides a positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery in which residual lithium impurities are effectively removed without loss of capacity through heat treatment using a compound.

Реактор и способ для получения сероводорода

1. Реактор (1), пригодный для непрерывного получения сероводорода путем проведения экзотермической реакции серы и водорода с образованием конечной газовой смеси Р, содержащей сероводород как продукт и серу, при температуре и давлении, повышенных относительно нормальных условий, содержащий:- нижнюю часть (2), пригодную для размещения расплава (3) серы,- одну или несколько не удерживающих давление первых ловушек (4) и по меньшей мере по одному подводящему устройству (5, 5а), пригодному для управляемой подачи находящегося под давлением газообразного водорода, на каждую первую ловушку, причем указанные ловушки (4) пригодны для по меньшей мере временного вмещения газовой смеси P, образующейся в ходе экзотермической реакции и содержащей сероводород как продукт, серу и водород,- одну или несколько не удерживающих давление вторых ловушек (8), расположенных над первой(-ыми) ловушкой(-ами) (4) и пригодных для по меньшей мере временного вмещения содержащей продукт газовой смеси Р, образовавшейся в первой(-ых) ловушке(-ах) (4), и для образования дополнительного сероводорода в результате экзотермической реакции серы и водорода с образованием содержащей продукт газовой смеси Р, и- газосборную часть (6), пригодную для вмещения содержащей продукт газовой смеси Рпри температуре и давлении, повышенных относительно нормальных условий,отличающийся тем, что по меньшей мере одна из вторых ловушек (8) имеет по меньшей мере одно подводящее устройство (9, 9а), пригодное для управляемой подачи находящегося под давлением газообразного водорода.2. Реактор по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что он содержит по меньшей мере две не удерживающих давление первых ловушки (4) и по меньшей мере по одному подводящему РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2015 101 750 A (51) МПК C01B 17/16 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2015101750, 31.05.2013 (71) Заявитель(и): ЭВОНИК ИНДАСТРИЗ АГ (DE) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 22.06. ...

稀土硫化物的机械化学合成

本发明涉及一种制备稀土硫化物颗粒的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：‑制备包含至少一种化合物的反应混合物，该至少一种化合物包含至少一种稀土元素(A)和至少一种碱金属硫化物(B)，‑使所述反应混合物经受机械应力以便引起制备这些稀土硫化物颗粒的化学反应。

一种植物提取物除甲醛制剂及其制备方法

本发明属于除甲醛技术领域，公开了一种植物提取物除甲醛制剂，由以下重量份的物质组成：菊花提取物1‑3份、芦荟提取物0.5‑3份、红薯叶提取物20‑40份、生物酶0.5‑2份、酸度调节剂5‑10份、附着剂1‑5份、去离子水40‑60份。本发明还公开了一种植物提取物除甲醛制剂的制备方法，本发明的植物提取物除甲醛制剂的菊花提取物和红薯叶提取物含有甙类、多酚和/或黄酮类物质，黄酮类物质对甲醛具有一定的清除作用，另外，可以通过附着剂的物理吸附和生物酶的分解反应两个步骤去除空气中的甲醛分子，净化空气，使室内空气质量得到明显改善。

Method of obtaining sodium sulfide

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СУЛЬФИДА НАТРИЯ из растворов сульфогидрата натри  и едкого натра, включающий предварительную очистку их от примесей металлов, осаждение основной соли сульфида натри  из раствора сульфогидрата- натри  избытком едкого натра, отделение осадка и промывка его с образованием маточных и промывных вод, отличающийс  тем, что, с целью снижени  потерь целевого продукта с маточными и промывными водами, последние подвергают упариванию в присутствии металлического цинка до полного осаждени  содержащихс  в них примесей т желых металлов, восстановлени  тирсульфатов и полисульфидов, после чего упаренный раствор смешивают с сульфогидратом натри  до содержани  последнего в растворе 60-70 г/л, подвергают двухстадийной очистке в присутствии свежеосажденного сульфида цинка и полиакриламида , а затем из очищенного раствора избытком едкого натра высаливают основную соль целевого продукта с последующей его промывкой . / / , 1ffl LI J ,, иЛ ,у MamenHbiu npOflUlHM СП со оо оо о расгаввр и Ve eSffu /ipetjfxm WA/ не CfMlf A method for producing sodium sulfide from sodium sulfate and caustic soda solutions, including pre-purifying them from metal impurities, precipitating sodium sulfide base salt from sodium sulfohydrate solution with an excess of sodium hydroxide, separating the precipitate and washing it to form uterine and wash water, different , in order to reduce the loss of the target product with the uterine and wash water, the latter are subjected to evaporation in the presence of metallic zinc until complete precipitation of the impurities contained in them is the metals, the reduction of the trisulfates and polysulfides, after which one stripped off the solution is mixed with sodium sulfide to contain the latter in a solution of 60-70 g / l, subjected to two-stage purification in the presence of freshly precipitated zinc sulfide and polyacrylamide, and then from the purified solution with an excess of caustic soda salt out basic salt the target product with its ...

石炭ガス化炉の起動方法および起動装置

High-efficiency method of producing sulfur from acid gas flow

FIELD: process engineering. SUBSTANCE: proposed invention relates to chemical and petrochemical industries. Acid gas flow containing carbon sulphide as initial material is fed into combustion stage in the presence of oxygen. Oxidising conditions are selected so that carbon sulphide-to-sulfur dioxide exceeds 2:1. Combustion products flow is directed to catalytic stage of Klaus reaction which results in reaction gas containing sulfur to be extracted therefrom. End gas containing less than 1000 ppmv of sulfur dioxide is fed into biological system of gas desulfuration. Said biological system allows producing sulfur and neutral gas containing less than 100 ppmv of carbon hydrogen. EFFECT: reduced content of sulfur dioxide in Klaus process end gases, hence, reduced consumption of alkali and lower operating costs. 17 cl, 2 dwg, 1 tbl, 1 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 388 524 (13) C2 (51) МПК B01D 53/84 (2006.01) B01D 53/52 (2006.01) C01B 17/05 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21), (22) Заявка: 2006134727/15, 02.03.2005 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 02.03.2005 (72) Автор(ы): ЧЕН Цзен Каи (US), ХАФФМАСТЕР Майкл Артур (US) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.04.2008 2 3 8 8 5 2 4 (45) Опубликовано: 10.05.2010 Бюл. № 13 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: WO 98/57731 A1, 23.12.1998. US 5976868 A, 02.11.1999. US 6656249 B1, 02.12.2003. RU 20722963 C1, 10.02.1997. CA 2361676 A1, 14.09.2000. EP 0218302 A2, 15.04.1987. 2 3 8 8 5 2 4 R U (86) Заявка PCT: US 2005/006690 (02.03.2005) C 2 C 2 (85) Дата перевода заявки PCT на национальную фазу: 03.10.2006 (87) Публикация PCT: WO 2005/092479 (06.10.2005) Адрес для переписки: 103735, Москва, ул. Ильинка, 5/2, ООО "Союзпатент", пат.пов. О.И.Воль, рег. № 1101 (54) СПОСОБ ВЫСОКОЭФФЕКТИВНОГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СЕРЫ ИЗ ПОТОКА КИСЛОГО ГАЗА (57) Реферат: Заявленное изобретение может быть использовано в химической и ...