МАКРОПОРИСТЫЕ ХИТОЗАНОВЫЕ ГРАНУЛЫ И СПОСОБ ИХ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ, СПОСОБ КУЛЬТИВИРОВАНИЯ КЛЕТОК

Изобретение относится к макропористым хитозановым гранулам, имеющим относительно большие и одинаковые поры размером 30-150 мкм снаружи и внутри, которые распределены от поверхности до области ядра, и способу их получения, включающему в себя следующие стадии: добавление по каплям хитозанового раствора, водного хитозанового раствора или их смеси в низкотемпературный органический растворитель или жидкий азот; регуляцию размера пор с помощью метода разделения фаз за счет разницы температур. Макропористые хитозановые гранулы согласно изобретению делают культивирование клеток более эффективным, чем предшествующие субстраты, так как клетки могут эффективно прикрепляться к ним благодаря большой площади их поверхности, клеткам легко войти в них и клетки, прикрепленные к таким субстратам, могут существовать дольше благодаря их трехмерной структуре, поэтому макропористые хитозановые гранулы могут быть использованы для изучения продукции белка, антибиотиков, противораковых средств, полисахаридов, физиологически ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ПОЛИСАХАРИДНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ

Изобретение относится к способу получения полисахаридных волокон для изготовления материалов, а именно, для получения рассасывающихся в организме человека и млекопитающих хирургических шовных материалов, рассасывающихся и нерассасывающихся перевязочных материалов, рассасывающихся тканых матричных материалов. Способ характеризуется тем, что в 2,4-4,0 мас.% раствор полисахарида в диметилацетамиде, содержащем 4,56-10,00 мас.% хлорида лития, добавляют 1,0-5,0 мас.% поли-N-винилпирролидона с молекулярной массой 8-35 кДа или металлополимерный комплекс - высокодисперсное серебро, стабилизированное поли-N-винилпирролидоном в таком количестве, что содержание высокодисперсного серебра по отношению к растворенному полисахариду в прядильном растворе составляет от 0,07 до 0,87 мас.%, при этом массовое соотношение полисахарид: металлополимерный комплекс составляет 88,0-99,0:1,0-12 мас.%, смесь интенсивно перемешивают, выдерживают, фильтруют, дегазируют и полученный прядильный раствор при комнатной температуре ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СУПЕРАБСОРБЕНТА, СОДЕРЖАЩЕГО МИКРОЭЛЕМЕНТЫ

Изобретение относится к химии высокомолекулярных соединений, в частности к способу получения сетчатых гидрофильных полимеров, которые могут найти применение в сельском хозяйстве для улучшения структуры почв и запасания почвенной влаги в засушливых регионах. Способ получения гидрофильного сшитого полимера заключается в том, что к раствору полисахарида в водном растворе уксусной кислоты, содержащем 0,1-2,5 масс. % хлорида железа(II), или хлорида кобальта(II), или хлорида никеля(II), при температуре 20-40°С прибавляют 0,01-0,30 мас. % пероксида водорода. Затем реакционную смесь выдерживают при интенсивном перемешивании в течение 15-40 минут. После этого в реакционную массу вводят раствор акриламида в (мет)акриловой кислоте или N,N-ди(метил)этилоксиэтилметакрилате в соотношении 0,1:0,9÷0,9:0,1 мольных долей, и 0,1-10,0 мас. % N,N-метилен-бис-акриламида или диэтиленгликольдиметакрилата, пропиленгликольдиметакрилата. Реакционную массу выдерживают при перемешивании в течение 3-х часов при температуре ...

ВЯЗКОЭЛАСТИЧНЫЕ ГЕЛИ В КАЧЕСТВЕ НОВЫХ НАПОЛНИТЕЛЕЙ

Группа изобретений относится к области медицины, а именно к способу получения и очистки производного (HBC) гиалуроновой кислоты, включающему следующие стадии: а) растворение щелочного раствора диэпоксида простого диглицидилового эфира 1,4-бутандиола (BDDE) в стехиометрическом соотношении от 2,5 до 25% моль повторяющихся звеньев гиалуроновой кислоты, с последующим b) диспергированием гиалуроновой кислоты (HA) в растворе, указанном в подпункте a), при комнатной температуре, c) запуск реакции тепловой активацией раствора, указанного в подпункте b), нагреваемого при температуре от 35 до 55°C в течение от 2 до 36 часов, d) экструзия полученной массы через металлическое сито для уменьшения ее частиц до размера приблизительно 600 мкм, e) гидратация полученного геля разбавлением его водой от 3 до 20 раз, f) доведение pH до нейтрального водным раствором HCl, g) осаждение растворимым в воде органическим растворителем, таким как этанол, метанол, изопропанол, н-пропанол, диоксан, ацетонитрил, ацетон ...

АССОЦИАТЫ ДЕПРОТОНИРОВАННОЙ ГИАЛУРОНОВОЙ КИСЛОТЫ, СПОСОБ ИХ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ, ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧЕСКАЯ КОМПОЗИЦИЯ, СОДЕРЖАЩАЯ АССОЦИАТЫ ДЕПРОТОНИРОВАННОЙ ГИАЛУРОНОВОЙ КИСЛОТЫ, И СПОСОБ ЕЕ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ

Использование: фармацевтические и косметические средства. Сущность изобретения: ассоциаты депротонированной гиалуроновой кислоты с ионами цинка или кобальта, способ их получения взаимодействием водного раствора галогенида цинка или кобальта при эквимольном соотношении реагентов с последующим осаждением ассоциата с применением алканола или алканона и отделением осадка от раствора; фармацевтическая композиция, содержащая эффективное количество ассоциата депротонированной гиалуроновой кислоты, фармацевтически приемлемый носитель и целевые добавки; способ получения фармацевтической композиции смешением ее компонентов. 5 с. и 2 з.п. ф-лы, 3 ил., 5 табл.

Способ получения термопластичных биосовместимых и биодеградируемых композиций на основе хитозана и полиэфиров

Настоящее изобретение относится к способу получения термопластичных биосовместимых и биодеградируемых композиций на основе хитозана и полиэфиров. Способ включает растворение хитозана и полиэфиров в растворителе, причем в 0,5 или 1, или 2, или 3, или 6 мас.% растворе салициловой кислоты в диметилсульфоксиде растворяют хитозан в количестве 1-10 мас.%, потом к раствору добавляют полилактид или поликапролактон или смесь полилактида с поликапролактоном в соотношении 1:1 в количестве 1-10 мас.%, и, после полного растворения полимеров в диметилсульфоксиде, смесь сушат от растворителя. Технический результат - упрощение способа получения термопластичных биосовместимых и биодеградируемых композиций на основе хитозана и полиэфиров, повышение прочностных свойств композиций, таких как разрушающее напряжение и деформация. 6 ил., 1 табл., 9 пр.

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ГИДРОФИЛЬНОГО СШИТОГО ПОЛИМЕРА СО СВОЙСТВАМИ СУПЕРАБСОРБЕНТА

Изобретение относится к химии высокомолекулярных соединений, в частности к способам получения сетчатых гидрофильных полимеров, относящихся к суперабсорбентам, обладающим способностью поглощать большое количество воды. Способ получения гидрофильного сшитого полимера со свойствами суперабсорбента характеризуется тем, что в 5 мас.% раствор полисахарида в 2% водном растворе уксусной кислоты, содержащем 0,01-0,20 мас.% формальдегида или аскорбиновой кислоты, при температуре 18-30°С прибавляют 0,01-0,30 мас.% пероксида водорода и при интенсивном перемешивании реакционную смесь выдерживают в течение 15-40 мин, затем в реакционную массу вводят раствор акриламида в (мет)акриловой кислоте или N,N-ди(метил)этилоксиэтилметакрилате в соотношении 0,1:0,9÷0,9:0,1 мольных долей и 0,1-10,0 мас.% N,N-метилен-бис-акриламида или диэтиленгликольдиметакрилата, пропиленгликольдиметакрилата и реакционную массу при перемешивании выдерживают в течение 3 ч при температуре 18-30°С, лиофильно сушат. Технический результат ...

ПЕРХЛОРАТ ХИТОЗАНИЯ, СПОСОБ ЕГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ И ЭНЕРГОЕМКИЙ СОСТАВ, ЕГО СОДЕРЖАЩИЙ

Описан перхлорат хитозания состава С6О4Н9NH3ClO4, который наряду с такими свойствами как взрывобезопасность, нетоксичность, устойчивость к влаге, нагреванию и механическому воздействию обладает высокими окислительными свойствами и свойствами связующего, что позволяет использовать его в энергоемких составах в смеси с додекагидро-клозо-додекаборатом хитозания, где он дополнительно несет функцию связующего. Количественное соотношение в композиции между додекагидро-клозо-додекаборатом хитозания и перхлоратом хитозания определяется требуемым режимом горения смеси: чем больше содержание перхлората хитозания, тем выше активность состава. 3 н.п. ф-лы, 1 ил.

Полимерна композици и формованные издели из нее

... 1. Полимерная композиция, включающая биологически распадающийся полимер, выбранный из группы, состоящей из целлюлозы, модифицированной целлюлозы или их смесей, и материал из морских растений и/или панцирей морских животных. 2. Полимерная композиция по п.1, отличающаяся тем, что материал из морских растений выбирают из группы, включающей водоросли, морские водоросли, бурые водоросли и их смеси. 3. Полимерная композиция по п.2, отличающаяся тем, что материал из морских растений выбирают из группы, включающей бурые водоросли, зеленые водоросли, красные водоросли, синие водоросли и их смеси. 4. Полимерная композиция по любому из предшествующих пунктов, отличающаяся тем, что материал из панцирей морских животных выбирают из группы, включающей морские отложения и измельченные панцири крабов, омаров, ракообразных, мидий, а также их смеси. 5. Полимерная композиция по любому из предшествующих пунктов, отличающаяся тем, что материал из морских растений и/или панцирей морских животных используют в ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ПОРИСТОГО МАТЕРИАЛА ИЗ СМЕСИ ФИБРОИНА И ХИТОЗАНА

Изобретение относится к получению изделий путем регенерации из растворов смесей природных полимеров фиброина и хитозана, которые могут быть использованы в качестве носителей для введения лекарств в организм (капсулы, волокна, искусственные заменители различной формы). Техническим результатом изобретения является улучшение регулирования во времени и контролирование высвобождения лекарств за счет заданной степени набухания через поры материала из смеси фиброина и хитозана при одновременном повышении прочности материала до 70%, которое приводит к замедлению разрушения пористого материала в организме в несколько раз. Согласно способу получения пористого материала из смеси фиброина и хитозана смешивают раствор диализованного из водного раствора бромида лития фиброина с раствором хитозана с последующей регенерацией путем испарения растворителя диализованный из водного раствора бромида лития и затем высушенный фиброин и хитозан растворяют в гексафторизопропаноле до концентрации 1-15 мас.%, причем ...

ПЛЕНОЧНЫЙ МАТЕРИАЛ ПИЩЕВОГО НАЗНАЧЕНИЯ НА ОСНОВЕ ХИТОЗАНА И СПОСОБ ЕГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ

Раствор для получения биоразлагаемой пищевой пленки

Изобретение относится к химии и может быть использовано в пищевой промышленности для упаковки продуктов питания. Предложен раствор для получения биоразлагаемой пищевой пленки, содержащий: 1-2 мас.% хитозана; 0,5-1,2 мас.% уксусной кислоты; 0,05-0,06 мас.% поверхностно-активного вещества; 0,13-0,15 мас.% эфирного масла; 0,4-0,6 мас.% пластификатора; 8-9 мас.% олеиновой кислоты; 0,85-0,95 мас.% гидроксида натрия; воду - остальное, при этом водородный показатель раствора составляет 5,4-5,6. Изобретение обеспечивает повышение гидрофобности пищевой пленки с сопутствующим улучшением ее прочности. 1 з.п. ф-лы, 2 ил.

Verfahren zur Herstellung von modifizierten Polysacchariden und modifizierte Polysaccharide

Kombinationen von Glycosaminoglycan mit kationischen Polymeren.

NEUE POLYMER ZUBEREITUNGEN ENTHALTENDE PERLUORIERTE VERBINDUNGEN ZUR TECHNISCHEN HANDHABUNG VON ZELLEN UND GEWEBE BEI TRANSPLANTATIONEN, UM DEN METABOLISMUS UND DIE ÜBERLEBENSRATE DER ZELLEN ZU VERBESSERN, SOWIE VERFAHREN ZU DEREN HERSTELLUNG

Pharmaceutical and cosmetic gels, emulsions, creams and films

Novel gels are prepd. by deacylating hyaluronic acid (HA) with a base in an alcohol and taking up the prod. in purified water or a physiological buffer soln. in a concn. of 1-2 wt.%, where the HA is isolated from animal tissue or produced by biotechnology methods. Also claimed are emulsions, gels, creams or films based on deacetylated HA, where the deacetylated HA is crosslinked with itself or with other biopolymers or synthetic polymers in the presence of an activated dicarboxylic acid in water at "medium" pH values.

Implantierbare Stimulationselektrode mit einer Beschichtung zur Erhöhung der Gewebsverträglichkeit

Die Erfindung betrifft eine implantierbare Stimulationselektrode (10) zur Verwendung mit einem implantierbaren Gewebsstimulator, insbesondere Herzschrittmacher, Defibrillator, Knochen- oder Neurostimulator, wobei die Stimulationselektrode (10) einen metallischen Grundkörper (11), gegebenenfalls eine oder mehrere auf dem Grundkörper (11) aufgebrachte Zwischenschichten (12) sowie eine den Grundkörper (11) und gegebenenfalls die Zwischenschichten (12) bedeckende Beschichtung (17) zur Erhöhung der Gewebsverträglichkeit umfasst. Die Beschichtung soll die Gewebsirritationen nach der Implantation und speziell einen damit einhergehenden Reizschwellenanstieg vermeiden, eine sehr hohe Biokompatibilität besitzen und zudem von sich aus entzündungshemmend wirken. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass die Beschichtung (17) eine Polysaccharidschicht aus Hyalouronsäure und/oder Hyaluronsäure-Derivaten umfasst.

Kollagenfreie kosmetische Zubereitungen

The invention relates to collagen-free cosmetic preparations which can be obtained by cross-linking and subsequently dehydrogenating swollen aqueous suspensions of chitosans and beta -1,3-glucanes with diisocyanates and/or dialdehydes.

USE OF COMPOSITIONS FOR CONDITIONING AS WELL AS WASHING HAIR

CHITOSANZUSAMMENSETZUNGEN ZUR ENTKLEBUNG VON LACKEN

A solution of metal-polymer chelate(s) and applications thereof(cleaner)

Compositions

Hyaluronate based compositions and cosmetic formulations containing same

A water based, viscoelastic composition for use in cosmetic formulations comprising, (a) a mixture of sodium hyalfractions having different molecular weights, (b) protein which is derived from the natural material from which the hyaluronate is obtained, and (c) water. Also disclosed are cosmetic formulations comprising about 0.05-5.0% of the above composition together with an emollient, a sugar alcohol, a neutral or anionic polysaccharide, a preservative, bacteriostatic and fungistatic substance which does not react with or degrade hyaluronic acid, and water.

HAIR CURE AND HAARWASCHMITTEL AS WELL AS PROCEDURE FOR THE CURE AS WELL AS FOR WASHING HAIR

USE OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL PROSTHESES, HYALURONSÄUREDERIVATE CONTAINING

SOUR ONES DEKRISTALLISIERUNG OF HIGH CRYSTALLINE CHITOSAN OR TEILENTACETYLIERTEN CHITIN

QUATERNÄRE AMMONIUM SALTS OUT CHITOSANE.

PRODUCTS ON THE BASIS OF MELANINPIGMENTE ABSTENTIONS POLYMER PARTICLES, PROCEDURES FOR YOUR PRODUCTION AND YOUR USE, IN PARTICULAR IN THE COSMETICS.

AQUEOUS GEL OF HYALURONSÄURE AND DESOXYNIBONUKLEINSÄURE, USABLE FOR COSMETICS AND PROCEDURES FOR ITS PRODUCTION.

BIOCOMPATIBLE, VISCOELASTIC ONES GEL-DREDGE, YOUR PRODUCTION AND USE

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A THERMOPLASTIC PROCESSABLE COMPOUND MATERIAL FROM CHITIN

MORE POLYSACCHARIDEESTER AND YOUR SALTS

POLYIONI HYDRAULIC GELS ON THE BASIS RELEASE OF VITAMINS, CONTROLLED OF CHITOSAN AND XANTHANGUMMI FOR THE STABILIZATION AND

MINERAL POLYMER HYBRID COMPOSITION

PLASTIC MATERIAL FROM ONE POLYMER-DAZZLE

USE OF CHITIN AND/OR DERIVATIVES AS BIOCATALYSTS FOR THE REDEVELOPMENT OF CONTAMINATED GROUNDS AND FLUIDS

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION FROM GEGENST�NDEN REGENERATED CHITIN CHITOSAN CONTAINING MATERIAL AND PRESERVATION GEGENST�NDE

METHOD FOR PREPARING EDIBLE PROANTHOCYANIDIN/GELATIN/CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLE, PRODUCT AND APPLICATION THEREOF

The application relates to a method for preparing an edible proanthocyanidin/gelatin/chitosan nanoparticle, a product and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: preparing sodium acetate solution; dissolving 5 chitosan in the sodium acetate solution to obtain mixed solution I; dissolving gelatin in the sodium acetate solution to obtain mixed solution II; preparing proanthocyanidin solution; stirring the mixed solution I, adding the proanthocyanidin solution while stirring, and then performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain mixed solution III; taking the mixed solution II, performing magnetic stirring, adding the mixed solution III, 10 continuously performing magnetic stirring to obtain gelatin/chitosan/proanthocyanidin nanoparticle solution, then slowly dropping p-cyclodextrin solution, performing stirring till the color of the solution is uniform to obtain mixed solution 4, standing the solution at room temperature, then performing low-temperature centrifugation ...

BIOCOMPATIBLE VISCOELASTIC GEL SLURRIES, THEIR PREPARATION AND USE

GELS IN THE FORM OF HIGHLY HYDRATED SELF-SUPPORTING FILM, THE PROCESS FOR THEIR PREPARATION, AND THEIR USE IN THE THERAPY OF CUTANEOUS LESIONS AND/OR PATHOLOGIES

COMPOSITIONS INCORPORATING CHITOSAN FOR PAINT DETACKIFICATION

"Biotechnological sulphated chondroitin sulphate at position 4 or 6 on the same polysaccharide chain, and process for the preparation thereof"

The present invention discloses a process for the production of chondroitin sulphate with an average molecular weight (Mw) of 10-30 kDa by chemical sulphation starting from an unsulphated chondroitin backbone, obtained in turn by acid hydrolysis of capsular polysaccharide K4 made directly from E. coli strain O5:K4:H4, or directly produced from a genetically modified strain of E. coli. Sulphation of the N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue at position 4 or 6 takes place simultaneously in the same polysaccharide chain, simulating the sulphation pattern observed in natural chondroitin sulphate, unlike the sulphation obtained with the synthesis methods described to date.

Hyaluronic acid nanoparticles

Freeze-dried polymer compositions for mixing with platelet rich plasma to form implants for tissue repair and/or compositions for therapeutic intra-articular injections

The present application relates to a freeze-dried polymer composition containing chitosan and at least one lyoprotectant, a process for preparing a freeze-dried composition containing chitosan and at least one lyoprotectant and the use of a reconstituted freeze-dried chitosan composition to prepare implants for tissue repair.

Process for the preparation of polysaccharide nanoparticles

The process for the preparation of nanoparticles from polysaccharides and derivatives thereof, by their specific partial oxidation to produce aldehyde groups and attach compounds with amino or other group with the R-NH2 bond which react with aldehyde groups, comprising oxidizing the polysaccharide or derivative thereof by a known method to obtain aldehyde groups until the oxidation degree of 0,1% to 80% of the sugar rings is obtained, then adding at least one nanoparticle-forming agent which after attachment of the aldehyde group exhibits hydrophobic properties, selected from the group comprising: aliphatic or aromatic organic amines containing from 4 to 20 carbon atoms, amides and hydrazides of aliphatic and aromatic organic acids containing from 4 to 20 carbon atoms, hydrophobic amino acids, phosphatidylethanolamine, and at least one active substance containing at least one amino, amido or hydrazide group, to the solution of the oxidized polysaccharide in water or a mixture of water and ...

Light adjustable intraocular lenses using upconverting nanoparticles and near infrared (NIR) light

This disclosure relates compositions comprising upconverting nanocrystals and photoactive compositions and methods using these compositions to modify treat myopia and other ocular conditions. In some cases, the methods use near infrared irradiation to adjust the refractive power of light adjustable ocular lenses. Other methods improve the mechanical strength of the sclera directly.

Rehydratable polysaccharide particles and sponge

Cross linked silk-hyaluronic acid composition

Compositions useful as dermal fillers and methods using such compositions to treat various skin and soft tissue conditions. The dermal fillers can comprise silk attached to hyaluronic acid using for example two cross linkers and can be used to treat of facial imperfections, facial defects, facial augmentations, breast imperfections, breast augmentations or breast reconstructions.

In situ formation of polymeric material

A POLYSACCHARIDE-BASED COMPOSITION AND ITS USE

Ionic molecular conjugates of n-acylated derivatives of poly(2-amino-2-deoxy-d-glucose) and polypeptides

Method for the production of micro capsules

Three-dimensional prostheses containing hyaluronic acid derivatives

HYALURONIC ACID GEL, METHOD OF ITS PRODUCTION AND MEDICAL MATERIAL CONTAINING IT

A hyaluronic acid gel made of hyaluronic acid alone, which is difficultly soluble in aqueous neutral solutions and has such a fluidity as to permit easy ejection from syringes.

FACEMASKS CONTAINING AN ANTI-FOG/ANTI-GLARE COMPOSITION

Abstract of the Disclosure A coating composition that is incorporated into a facemask to reduce fogging and glare is provided. For example, in one embodiment, the facemask contains a shield or visor formed from a transparent substrate having at least one surface applied with the coating composition of the present invention. The present inventors have unexpectedly discovered that one or more water-soluble organic polymers, such as ethyl hydroxyethylcellulose, may be utilized as a principal component of the coating composition to reduce fogging and glare in a simple, yet effective manner.

REGENERATED CARBOHYDRATE FOAM COMPOSITION

The present invention provides a carbohydrate foam composition. The foam composition is highly wettable, resilient and has a uniform pore structure suitable for use in products such as absorbent personal products, health care products, and products suitable for fluid distribution and transfer. The foam of the present invention may also be made into sheets suitable for products such as tissue and paper towels. In one embodiment the foam is made from a carbohydrate and zinc chloride. In a further embodiment the carbohydrate is cellulose, and in a further embodiment the carbohydrate is chitin.

COSMETIC COMPOSITION BASED ON CHITOSAN AND AMPHOLYTIC COPOLYMERS AS WELL AS A CHITOSAN/POLYAMPHOLYTE SALT

The invention relates to a cosmetic compostion for the treatment of hair or skin, based on 0.05 to 10 wt.% of chitosan, including 0.05 to 20 wt.% of an ampholytic copolymer of the formula (I) where m is from 0.1 to 0.9, and n is 0.5 to 0.9. The compositions yield clear, smooth films which do not become sticky in a humid environment nor brittle in a dry one. The invention also relates to a new chitosan/polyampholyte salts which can be obtained by reacting chitosan with an ampholytic copolymer of the formula (I).

POLYSACCHARIDE-BASED COMPOSITION AND ITS USE

A polysaccharide-based composition, characterized by comprising or essentially consisting of: at least a first component a) exclulding galactans constituted by a substituted .beta.-1,4-linked glycan which is dissolvable in water of a certain temperature and which has a molecular weight (Mw) of > 5?104 Daltons, preferably > 105 Daltons, particularly >106 Daltons, and at least a second component b), also excluding galactans, constituted by a substituted .beta.-1,4-linked glycan which is more difficult to dissolve than said first component at said temperature, or is agar or a carrageenan; the use of the composition above as a: a) means for reducing friction, b) means for facilitating removal of undesired contamination from surfaces, such as graffiti, scrawl, soot etc., c) means for preserving moisture, d) protective surface coverage, e) packaging material, f) slow release matrix or coating for drugs; a body in solid phase having a surface intended for contact with a liquid and for relative ...

CHITOSAN BASED WOUND DRESSING MATERIALS

IN SITU GELIFYING POWDER

The object of the present invention is a composition in powder form comprising the following polysaccharides alginic acid or sodium alginate, - pectin, chitosan, wherein the % by weight of the polysaccharides is at least 20% with respect to the total weight of the powder. The process for preparing said powder by an atomization process and its use in the treatment of cutaneous wounds and in the sector of food preservation are additional objects of the invention. Moreover, additional objects of the invention are the composition in the form of solution or liquid suspension that represents the starting material to obtain said powder and the process for preparing said liquid composition.

METHOD FOR DYNAMIC FILTRATION OF A CROSS-LINKED HYDROGEL

The present invention relates to a method for dynamic filtration of a cross-linked biopolymer-based hydrogel to remove unwanted molecules from the gel. In particular, the invention relates to dynamic filtration of a hyaluronic acid hydrogel using a dynamic filtration construction with rotating and semipermeable filter discs.

PSEUDO-THERMOSETTING NEUTRALIZED CHITOSAN COMPOSITION FORMING A HYDROGEL AND A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME

... ²²²The composition disclosed is a pseudo-thermosetting neutralized chitosan ²composition, neutralized with an hydroxylated base, forming a phosphate-free ²transparent hydrogel at a temperature higher than 5~C. Said composition ²contains a homogeneously reacetylated chitosan derived from a chitosan having ²a deacetylation degree of 80 - 90 %, having a molecular weight of not smaller ²than 200 kDa and a deacetylation degree of 30 - 60 %, and may further contain ²a diol. Said composition may be used as a drug delivery system.² ...

HYDROGELS OF POLYSACCHARIDE MIXTURES FOR TISSUE ENGINEERING AND AS CARRIERS OF ACTIVE COMPOUNDS

The present invention describes the preparation of hydrogels (or 3D matrices) obtainable from aqueous solutions of mixtures of acid polysaccharides and derivatives of basic polysaccharides, such as oligosaccharide derivatives of chitosan. Said solutions are suitably gelled with either chemical or physical gelling agents with the aim of encapsulating either cells, isolated or in multicellular associations, or pharmacologically active molecules, in solution or suspension, for use in the biomedical and pharmaceutical field.

PROCESSING OF CHITOSAN AND CHITOSAN DERIVATIVES

An article containing N-acylchitosan is manufactured by a process comprising the steps of providing a mixture containing chitosan and/or N-acylchitosan, and extruding the mixture to form an N-acylchitosan hydrogel. Alternatively, the process comprising the steps of providing a chitosan and/or N-acylchitosan hydrogel, and extruding the hydrogel. An article with a memorized shape is formed by fixing the N-acylchitosan hydrogel in a desired shape, and at least partially drying the fixed hydrogel. A patient is treated by injecting the N- acylchitosan hydrogel.

MODIFIED BIOPOLYMERS AND METHODS OF PRODUCING AND USING THE SAME

Modified biopolymers, such as, charge-modified biopolymers, cross-linked biopolymers, and cross-linked, charge-modified biopolymers are provided along with methods of producing and using the same.

DERMAL INJECTABLE STERILE COMPOSITION

The present invention relates to a crosslinked hyaluronic acid gel which derives from the crosslinking of hyaluronic acid or of a salt thereof in the presence of at least an effective amount of at least one endogenous polyamine as a crosslinking agent, said crosslinking being carried out under conditions favourable to the coupling of said hyaluronic acid and of said endogenous polyamine(s).

CHITIN, HYDROLYSATE AND PRODUCTION OF AT LEAST ONE DESIRED PRODUCT FROM INSECTS BY MEANS OF ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS, COMPRISING A COMBINATION OF STEPS PERFORMED PRIOR TO THE ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS

La présente invention concerne un procédé de préparation de chitine et/ou de chitosan à partir d'insectes. Plus particulièrement, la présente invention concerne un procédé de production de chitine et/ ou de chitosan à partir de cuticules d'insectes, comportant une étape de pressage des cuticules d'insectes, puis, une étape d'hydrolyse enzymatique des cuticules d'insectes par une enzyme protéolytique, un traitement des cuticules avec un agent oxydant ayant été effectué préalablement à l'hydrolyse enzymatique.

PROCESS IN WATER FOR THE PREPARATION OF BUTYRIC ESTERS OF HYALURONIC ACID SODIUM SALT

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of hyaluronic acid butyrate, or a salt thereof,acceptable for pharmaceutical or cosmetic use or as a medical device, comprising reacting hyaluronic acid, salified with sodium or another alkali metal, in aqueous solution with butyryl-imidazolide in the presence of sodium carbonate. The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical formulations, cosmetic formulations or medical devices containing the hyaluronic acid sodium salt (HA) butyric esters produced by said process.

HEAT-STERILIZED FORMULATION COMPRISING CHITOSAN AND PROCESS OF PREPARATION THEREOF

The present invention relates to a heat-sterilized aqueous composition comprising a solubilized chitosan and glycerol. It also relates to a process of preparation of the same, as well as the use thereof, including compositions useful for the prevention and treatment of dry eye syndrome and arthritic diseases or disorders.

TEMPERATURE-CONTROLLED AND PH-DEPENDANT SELF-GELLING BIOPOLYMERIC AQUEOUS SOLUTION

The present invention relates a biopolymeric liquid aqueous composition for producing self-gelling systems and gels, which comprises: an acidic water-based medium, 0.1 to 10% by weight of a pH-gelling acid-soluble biopolymer; and 0.1 to 10% by weight of a water-soluble molecule having a basic character and a pKa between 6.0 and 8.4, or a water-soluble residue or sequence of the molecule having a basic character and a pKa between 6.0 and 8.4. The liquid composition has a final pH ranging from 5.8 and 7.4, and forms a stable solid and homogeneous gel within a temperature range from to 70.degree.C. The present invention also relates to a method for preparing the composition and uses thereof.

NANOCOMPOSITE MATERIALS BASED ON METALLIC NANOPARTICLES STABILIZED WITH BRANCHED POLYSACCHARIDES

The present invention provides nanocomposite systems made of metallic nanoparticles stabilized with branched cationic polysaccharides, in particular alditolic or aldonic mono- and oligo-saccharidic derivatives of chitosan, and their preparation obtainable with aqueous solutions of these polysaccharides in the presence or absence of reducing agents. The peculiar chemical and physical-chemical features of these polysaccharides allow to form metallic nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed in the polysaccharidic matrix and an effective stabilization thereof. The properties associated with the nanometric dimensions and the presence of biological signals on polymeric chains may be exploited in applications with antimicrobial activities and of molecular biosensors.

CROSS-LINKED OXIDATED HYALURONIC ACID FOR USE AS A VITREOUS SUBSTITUTE

A composition comprising a hydrogel polymer is disclosed. The hydrogel polymer comprises oxidated hyaluronic acid and a dihydrazide, in which the dihydrazide cross-links the oxidated hyaluronic acid. The hydrogel polymer exhibits the following properties: a) transparent and colorless; and b) transforming from a liquid state into a gel-matrix at 37 C. These characteristics make it useful as a vitreous humor substitute.

METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR DISRUPTING BIOFILM UTILIZING CHITOSAN-DERIVATIVE COMPOUNDS

Described herein are methods of disrupting (e.g., reducing the viscosity of, or dissolving) a preformed biofilm in a subject, the method comprising: administering to the subject an effective amount of a composition comprising a soluble chitosan or derivatized chitosan wherein the soluble chitosan or derivatized chitosan when administered contacts the preformed biofilm, thereby disrupting (e.g., reducing the viscosity of, or dissolving) the preformed biofilm.

METHOD OF PREPARING A COMPOSITION BASED ON HYALURONIC ACID

The invention relates to a method of preparing a composition, the composition comprising a crosslinked first polymer, optionally a second polymer, which may be crosslinked or non-crosslinked, and water, wherein the first and the second polymer are selected from a polysaccharide, comprising at least steps (i) to (iv): (i) crosslinking a mixture comprising the first polymer and water; (ii) subsequent to the crosslinking in step (i), terminating the crosslinking; (iii) optionally blending the product obtained in step (ii) with the second polymer; (iv) subjecting the product obtained in step (iii) to dialysis.

BIODEGRADABLE SUPERABSORBING SPONGE

CINNAMIC ACID DERIVATIVE

The invention provides a cinnamic acid derivative having a novel spacer introduced into cinnamic acid which is photodimerizable, a cinnamic acid-polymer derivative photocurable with high sensitivity and efficiency obtainable by introducing the above cinnamic acid derivative into a host polymer such as a glycosaminoglycan, and a photocrosslinked cinnamic acid-polymer derivative obtainable by exposing the same cinnamic aicd-polymer derivative to ultraviolet light irradiation.

CHITOSAN- AND XANTHAN-BASED POLYIONIC HYDROGELS FOR THE STABILIZATION AND CONTROLLED RELEASE OF VITAMINS

De façon générale, l'invention porte sur une composition thermo et photo stable comprenant un hydrogel formé d'un complexe de xanthane et chitosane, l'hydrogel comprenant au moins une substance thermo ou photo sensible choisie parmis les substances suivantes: vitamines, acides aminés, acides nucléiques et polypeptides, l'hydrogel étant adapté à relarger cesdites substances thermo ou photo sensibles chez un sujet animal ou humain. Sous un autre aspect, l'invention présente une méthode de fabrication de ces hydrogels. Sous un aspect additionel, l'invention présente une méthode d'utilisation deces hydrogels en dermatologie ou comme supplément alimentaire.

POLYCARBOXYLIC BASED CROSS-LINKED COPOLYMER

L'invention concerne des copolymères réticulés à base de polymères polycarboxyliques non réticulés, lesdits copolymères contenant au moins un polysaccharide polycarboxylique. L'invention concerne également un procédé de préparation de ces copolymères et leur utilisation notamment comme support dans les compositions pharmaceutiques. ...

Cosmetic kit useful for skin care, comprises a face spritzer to project micrometric water droplets on the skin surface and a viscoelastic gel formulation for topical application on the skin surface, after the application of water droplets

Cosmetic kit for skin care, comprises a dermatological water face spritzer to project micrometric water droplets on the skin surface to be treated and a viscoelastic gel formulation for topical application on the skin surface, after the application of water droplets, where the viscoelastic gel formulation comprises hyaluronic acid salt at 1-3.5 wt.% per volume, in an aqueous solution. An independent claim is included for a process of cosmetic skin care, comprising pulverization of micrometric water droplets from dermatological water face spritzer on a clean and dry skin and application of a thin film of a viscoelastic gel, where the face spritzer and viscoelastic gel are present in a kit.

Procédé de préparation du gel de hyaluronate de sodium.

La présente invention concerne un procédé de préparation du d'hyaluronate de sodium dans lequel une unité de commande centrale est utilisée pour : régler la vitesse de rotation d'un moteur, contrôlant ainsi la taille des particules du gel pâteux ; contrôler l'angle de rotation d'une valve, de manière à contrôler la durée de dialyse du premier dialysat ; recevoir en temps réel des données de détection issues d'un détecteur de valeur pH et d'un dispositif de détection de pression osmotique ; contrôler et recevoir des données issues d'un dispositif de détection de première bulle, afin d' ajuster la vitesse de pompage d'une pompe à vide ; recevoir des données issues d'un dispositif de détection de seconde bulle, afin d'ajuster la vitesse de rotation d'une machine centrifuge ; et être connectée à un capteur de détection des bactéries ; d'ailleurs, , effectuer un réglage en fonction des données et des paramètres réellement détectés pendant la préparation, ce qui rend le processus de préparation ...

CHITOSAN WITH ANIONIC CHARGE

НАНОЧАСТИЦЫ ДВУКРАТНО ДЕРИВАТИЗОВАННОГО ХИТОЗАНА И СПОСОБЫ ИХ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ И ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ДЛЯ ПЕРЕНОСА ГЕНОВ IN VIVO

В документе представлен хитозан, двукратно дериватизованный аргинином и глюконовой кислотой; а также способы его получения и применения, например, для доставки гена in vivo.

БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ХОНДРОИТИНСУЛЬФАТ, СУЛЬФАТИРОВАННЫЙ В ПОЛОЖЕНИИ 4 ИЛИ 6 НА ЕГО ПОЛИСАХАРИДНОЙ ЦЕПИ, И СПОСОБ ЕГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ

Изобретение раскрывает способ производства хондроитинсульфата со средней молекулярной массой (Mw) 10-30 кДа посредством химического сульфатирования исходя из основной цепи несульфатированного хондроитина, полученного, в свою очередь, посредством кислотного гидролиза капсульного полисахарида K4, полученного прямо из Е. coli штамма О5:K4:Н4 или непосредственно произведенного из генетически модифицированного штамма Е. coli. Сульфатирование N-ацетил-D-галактозаминового остатка в положении 4 или 6 имеет место одновременно в одной и той же полисахаридной цепи, имитируя характер сульфатирования, наблюдаемый в натуральном хондроитинсульфате, в отличие от сульфатирования, получаемого способами синтеза, описанными до настоящего времени.

Polysaccharide gel composition

BIOTECHNOLOGICAL SULPHATED CHONDROITIN SULPHATE AT POSITION 4 OR 6 ON THE SAME POLYSACCHARIDE CHAIN, AND PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION THEREOF

РЕГУЛЯТОР РОСТУ РОСЛИН

Регулятор росту рослин містить біостимулятор зеастимулін і водний розчин імуностимулятора хітозану.

KARBOKSILKhITOZAN

РЕКОМБИНАНТНАЯ БАКТЕРИЯ И СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ХОНДРОИТИНА БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИМ ПУТЕМ

Изобретение относится к рекомбинантной бактерии, продуцирующей хондроитин, которую получают путем инактивации гена, кодирующего фермент, ответственный за присоединение остатков фруктозы к линейному остову хондроитина, в бактерии, продуцирующей фруктозилированное производное хондроитина, а также к способу получения хондроитина путем культивирования указанной бактерии.

HIGH BIOCOMPATIBLE CHITOSAN COMPOSITION/SALTS OF GLUCOSAMINE WITH TWO-SIDED TERMOGELEOBRAZOVANIEM

METHOD OF SIMULTANEOUS DISPLACEMENT AND LINKING POLYSACCHARIDE ALONG ITS HYDRO KSILNYM FUNCTIONAL GROUPS

HIGHLY BIOCOMPATIBLE DUAL THERMOGELLING CHITOSAN/GLUCOSAMINE SALT COMPOSITIONS

BIOTECHNOLOGICAL SULPHATED CHONDROITIN SULPHATE AT POSITION 4 OR 6 ON THE SAME POLYSACCHARIDE CHAIN, AND PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION THEREOF

Polyacrylamide/chitin nano fiber/carbon nano tube conductive elastomer and preparation method thereof

一种离子交联的壳聚糖微球及其制备方法和用途

An ion-exchanging chitosan microsphere, especially a chitosan microsphere cross-linked with sulfuric acid, the preparation method and a medicinal carrier of the chitosan microsphere cross-linked withsulfuric acid. The method relates to preparing chitosan microspheres by phase separation, comprises: first adding the chitosan solution into a nontoxic oil phase, then adding an emulsifying agent anda dispersing agent, adding sulfuric acid solution for cross-linking, after reaction, washing the resultant product, drying by vacuum and getting chitosan microsphere cross-linked with sulfuric acid. The microspheres of the invention are smooth, have the sphere configuration, could be used for a medicinal controllable carrier.

Method for preparing antioxidant gelatin-chitosan composite membrane from thamnaconus modestus fish skin

The invention discloses a method for preparing an antioxidant gelatin-chitosan composite membrane from the thamnaconus modestus fish skin. The technical process comprises step as follows: thamnaconus modestus fish skin gelatin is prepared; chitosan nanoparticles and laver antioxidants are prepared; the prepared gelatin, chitosan nanoparticles and laver antioxidants are prepared to form a solution, and a plasticizer is supplemented to prepare a membrane forming solution; finally, the successfully blended membrane forming solution is poured on a polyvinyl chloride crystal board for scraping, drying and membrane uncovering to prepare the antioxidant gelatin-chitosan nanoparticle composite edible membrane. According to the method, the thamnaconus modestus fish skin is taken as a main raw material, and a new path is developed for the high-valued utilization of leftovers obtained from thamnaconus modestus processing; the prepared antioxidant gelatin-chitosan nanoparticle composite edible membrane ...

Nylon for producing electric kettle and preparation method of nylon

Antibacterial PVC foamed wall paper

Antibacterial, deodorant, insect-resistant and anti-mildew composition, and product and application thereof

Ageing-resistant and antibacterial baking pad

Porous composite biomaterials and production method of the same

The invention discloses a porous composite biomaterial comprising of poly(γ-glutamic acid)-g-chondroitin sulfate (γ-PGA-g-CS) copolymer and poly(ε-caprolactone). The composite biomaterial provides a three-dimensional microenviroment for using as a scaffold for tissue engineering and for supporting the attachment and proliferation of cells. The invention also discloses a method of producing a porous composite biomaterial.

Macroporous Microcarrier Specific to Liver Cell, Preparation Method and Use Thereof

The present invention provides a macroporous microcarrier specific to hepatocytes using silk fibroin and galactosylated chitosan as main raw material, a preparation method thereof, and application for hepatocyte culture under the culture condition of microgravity rotation. The macroporous microcarrier s a sphere prepared from silk fibroin and galactosylated chitosan under the effect of crosslinker, wherein based on the total weight of the sphere, the content of silk fibroin is 50-80 wt % and the content of galactosylated chitosan is 15-40 wt %. The diameter of the microcarrier is 200-500 μm, and the aperture of the microcarrier is 40-80 μm. Compared with normal solid scaffold material, the microcarrier provided by the present invention has larger surface area/volume ratio and, a sinus gap structure extremely similar with in-vivo liver sinus structure, therefore it is more conducive to adhering of the hepatocytes on the scaffold material, contacting between cells, transporting oxygen and nutrient components and excreting metabolic products.

Formulations and methods for solid chitosan-containing blends

Chitosan-containing blends and methods of dissolving and using chitosan are disclosed. A blend includes a solid acid or a solid agent that generates a proton in situ in the presence of water mixed together with a dry solid chitosan, and may optionally contain other components. The blends are in a dry, free-flowing, particulate form. Methods of dissolving a blend typically comprise adding a quantity of the blend to a low volume of water and mixing until the chitosan and solid acid or solid agent are dissolved and then further diluting this mixture by the addition of water, or used as-is. Devices containing the blends are also described along with methods of using the devices, such as for controlled release of solubilized chitosan in a body of water, such as a stream, containing impurities (e.g., particles, sediment, or suspended matter or dissolved substances) to cause flocculation or precipitation of such impurities.

Metal-polysaccharide conjugates: compositions, synthesis and methods for cancer therapy

The current disclosure, in one embodiment, includes a polysaccharide conjugate. This conjugate has a polysaccharide and at least one liner covalently bound to the polysaccharide. The conjugate also has at least one metal conjugated by said linker. According to another embodiment, the disclosure provides a method of synthesizing a polysaccharide conjugate by covalently bonding a linker to a polysaccharide to obtain an intermediate and by conjugating said intermediate to a metal to form a polysaccharide conjugate. This conjugate has a higher relaxivity, so it is suitable to be used as a contrast medium for hybrid camera.

Phase separated composite

A composite is disclosed. The composite comprises a first conjugate of a polymer and a first phenol-containing moiety, and a second conjugate of a gelatin or collagen and a second phenol-containing moiety, wherein the polymer is selected so that the first conjugate is less cell-adhesive than the second conjugate, at least one of the first and second conjugates is crosslinked to form a matrix, and the composite comprises discrete regions that are rich in one of said first and second conjugates. A method of forming such composite is also disclosed. The method comprises mixing precursors for the first and second conjugates in a solution for forming said composite, and dispersing a catalyst in the solution to catalyze crosslinking of at least one of the first and second conjugates to form the matrix. The composite may be used to grow cells.

Methods of making hyaluronic acid/collagen compositions

Hyaluronic acid and collagen may be crosslinked in aqueous solution as described herein. The crosslinked macromolecular matrices obtained in this process may be used as a hydrogel for implants and fillers for human aesthetic and therapeutic products.

NOVEL POLYMER AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME

An objective of the invention is to provide an excellent biomaterial having a good operability and a high safety; the solution is a polymer having one or more peptide units represented by formula (1) as described below and one or more saccharide residues derived from polysaccharides: 2. The polymer according to claim 1 , comprising a triple helical structure.3. The polymer according to claim 1 , wherein a weight ratio of the peptide unit(s) to the saccharide residue(s) is in the range of 95/5 to 50/50.4. The polymer according to claim 1 , wherein the polysaccharides are selected from hyaluronic acid claim 1 , carboxylmethyl cellulose claim 1 , chondroitin sulfate claim 1 , dextran claim 1 , heparin and dermatan sulfate.5. The polymer according to claim 1 , further having one or more amino acid residues or one or more peptide units claim 1 , in addition to the peptide unit(s).6. The polymer according to claim 5 , wherein the further amino acid residue(s) is/are a glycine residue(s) or a lysine residue(s).7. The polymer according to claim 1 , wherein the peptide unit and the saccharide residue derived from the polysaccharides are bonded between a carboxyl group thereof and an amino group thereof.8. A process for producing the polymer according to claim 1 , comprising a step for allowing a condensation reaction between a peptide oligomer including the peptide unit represented by formula (1) and the polysaccharides. This is a Non-Provisional application, which claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-261127, filed on Nov. 30, 2011; the contents of which are all herein incorporated by this reference in their entireties. All publications, patents, patent applications, databases and other references cited in this application, all related applications referenced herein, and all references cited therein, are incorporated by reference in their entirety as if restated here in full and as if each individual publication, patent, patent application, database or ...

COMPLEX OBTAINED FROM HYALURONIC ACID OR A SALT THEREOF AND CHONDROITIN SULPHATE MIXTURES

The present invention relates to a novel complex, obtainable by mixing hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof and chondroitin sulphate or a salt thereof, and forming an aqueous solution of said mixture, which is further subjected to a drying process. The invention also relates to various compositions and formulations comprising the complex of the invention, process for obtaining said complex and uses thereof. 2. The complex according to claim 1 , wherein the hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof has an average molecular weight greater than 1 claim 1 ,200 claim 1 ,000 Daltons.3. The complex according to claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof to chondroitin sulphate or a salt thereof is from 1:1 to 1:10.4. The complex according to claim 3 , wherein the weight ratio of hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof to chondroitin sulphate or a salt thereof is 1:1.5. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the complex as defined in to be administered by a route selected from the group consisting of parenteral administration claim 1 , oral administration and topical administration.6. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 5 , wherein the concentration of the complex to be administered parenterally is equal or greater than 20 mg/mL.7. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 5 , wherein said composition is administered by intra-articular injection.8. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 5 , wherein the amount of complex to be administered orally is equal or greater than 220 mg.9. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 5 , wherein the concentration of the complex to be administered topically is equal or greater than 70 mg/mL.10. A pre-filled syringe for intra-articular application comprising the pharmaceutical composition according to .11. An artificial matrix for intra-articular implantation comprising the pharmaceutical composition according to .12. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 5 , for use in ...

SPINNING SOLUTION FOR INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION OF PURE CHITOSAN FIBER AND THE METHOD FOR FABRICATING THE SAME

It is an object of the present invention to provide a spinning solution for industrial production of pure chitosan fiber and the method for fabricating the same. The method comprises the steps of: step (a): screening a flake chitosan raw material and removing impurities; step (b): putting in a dissolving kettle the screened flake chitosan raw material with a weight which is 3%-8% of the total weight of the spinning solution, sealing the dissolving kettle, and evacuating into vacuum; step (c): adding 0.9%-6% acetic acid solution, and soaking at the room temperature for 40-60 minutes; step (d): uniformly stirring at a rate of 26-60 rpm for 7.5-19 hours under a pressure of ≦5000 pa in the dissolving kettle, standing for 1-3 hours, and obtaining a spinning solution. By using this method, it is possible to not only maintain the original state structure of the molecular chain of chitosan, but also fast and uniformly dissolve flake chitosan and the spinning solution fabricated by this method in unit time, so as to meet the requirements in the industrial continuous production. 1. A spinning solution for industrial production of pure chitosan fiber , characterized in that , the used chitosan raw material is flake , and has a deacetylation degree ≧92% and a viscosity ≧1000 mpa·s.2. The spinning solution for industrial production of pure chitosan fiber according to claim 1 , characterized in that claim 1 , the used chitosan raw material has a deacetylation degree ≧95% and a viscosity ≧1500 mpa·s.3. A method for fabricating spinning solution for industrial production of pure chitosan fiber according to characterized in that claim 1 , the method comprises the steps of:step (a): screening a flake chitosan raw material and removing impurities;step (b): putting in a dissolving kettle the screened flake chitosan raw material with a weight which is 3%-8% of the total weight of the spinning solution, sealing the dissolving kettle, and evacuating into vacuum;step (c): adding 0.9%-6% ...

Treatment of surfactant laden wastewater

Clarification of surfactant laden wastewaters of the type commonly encountered in the laundry, dishwashing, textile manufacturing, and metal cleaning and degreasing processes is provided by use of a chitosan/(meth)acrylyloxy alkyl quaternary ammonium salt graft polymer.

USE OF LIPID CONJUGATES IN THE TREATMENT OF DISEASES

This invention provides compounds represented by the structure of the general formula (A): 2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein said lipid comprises a linear claim 1 , saturated claim 1 , mono-unsaturated claim 1 , or poly-unsaturated claim 1 , alkyl chain ranging in length from 2 to 30 carbon atoms.3. The compound of claim 2 , wherein said alkyl chain comprises a palmitic acid moiety or a myristic acid moiety.4. The compound of claim 3 , wherein said L-Z forms phosphotidylethanolamine claim 3 , phosphotidylserine claim 3 , phosphotidylinositol claim 3 , phosphotidylcholine or phosphotidylglycerol.5. The compound of claim 1 , wherein L is a phospholipid.6. The compound of claim 1 , wherein L is a sphingolipid.7. The compound of claim 1 , wherein L is a ceramide lipid.8. The compound of claim 1 , wherein L is a glycerolipid.9. The compound of claim 8 , wherein L is a deoxyglycerolipid.10. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Y is nothing.11. The compound of claim 1 , wherein any bond between L claim 1 , Z claim 1 , Y and X is either an amide or an esteric bond.12. The compound of claim 1 , wherein X is selected from the group of molecules consisting of polygeline claim 1 , hydroxyethylstarch claim 1 , dextran claim 1 , aspirin claim 1 , albumin claim 1 , alginate claim 1 , polyaminoacid claim 1 , polyethylene glycol claim 1 , lactobionic acid claim 1 , acetylsalicylate claim 1 , cholesteryl-hemmisuccinate claim 1 , maltose claim 1 , cholic acid claim 1 , polycarboxylated polyethylene glycol claim 1 , carboxymethylcellulose claim 1 , and glutaryl.13. The compound of claim 1 , wherein X is a glycosaminoglycan.14. The compound of claim 13 , wherein X is hyaluronic acid.15. The compound of claim 13 , wherein X is heparin.16. The compound of claim 13 , wherein X is chondroitin.17. The compound of claim 16 , wherein X is chondroitin sulfate18. The compound of claim 1 , wherein n is a number greater than 1. This application is a divisional application of U.S. application Ser. ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING COMPOSITE GEL BY CROSS-LINKING HYALURONIC ACID AND HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE

A method for covalently cross-linking hyaluronic acid (HA) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) by a diepoxide crosslinking agent. The method includes the following steps: a) mixing HA and HPMC in water; b) adding an alkali as a catalyst and a diepoxide as a crosslinking agent; c) neutralizing with hydrochloric acid and dehydrating with ethanol and acetone; and d) drying in vacuum and redissolving in water to obtain an HA-HPMC composite gel. 1. A method for producing a composite gel by covalently cross-linking hyaluronic acid (HA) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) , the method comprising the following steps:a) mixing HA and HPMC in water;b) adding an alkali as a catalyst and a diepoxide as a crosslinking agent;c) neutralizing a resulting system by hydrochloric acid and dehydrating with ethanol and acetone; andd) drying in vacuum and redissolving in water to obtain an HA-HPMC composite gel.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the crosslinking agent is butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE) and/or 1 claim 1 ,2 claim 1 ,7 claim 1 ,8-diepoxyoctane (DEO).3. The method of claim 2 , wherein when using DEO as the crosslinking agent claim 2 , the alkali catalyst is tetrabutyl ammonium hydroxide (TBAH) or trimethyloctyl ammonium hydroxide (TMOAH).4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a mass fraction of HPMC in HA-HPMC system is 1%-50%.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein a mass ratio of HA and HPMC to diepoxide is 1:0.05-3.6. A method for producing a composite gel claim 1 , the method comprising the following steps:a) dissolving HA and HPMC in water;b) adding NaOH as a catalyst, DEO and/or BDDE as a crosslinking agent, reacting for 24-36 h at a temperature of 20-30° C. and a pH of 12-14, a mass ratio of BDDE to HA and HPMC being within a range of 1:100-3:1; andc) neutralizing a resulting system with hydrochloric acid to a pH of 6.5-7.5, electing a subset of particles by an average diameter, washing the subset of dehydrated particles with ethanol and acetone, drying the ...

EGGSHELL MEMBRANE SOLUBILIZATION METHOD USING ENZYMES

The present invention addresses the problem of providing an eggshell membrane solubilization method that is capable of solving the problems associated with carrying out treatment using acids and alkalis, or problems associated with the processing methods of the conventional art that use proteases; in other words, an eggshell membrane solubilization method that is capable of solving at least one of the following problems: (1) the need for pretreatment such as pulverization, sonication or boiling; (2) the need for prolonged treatment; and (3) a low decomposition rate (approximately 20%). Eggshell membranes are efficiently solubilized by using a protease in combination with a reducing agent. 1. An eggshell membrane solubilization method using the combination of a protease and a reducing agent.2. The eggshell membrane solubilization method of claim 1 , which comprises the step of subjecting eggshell membranes to the action of a protease in the presence of a reducing agent.3. The eggshell membrane solubilization method of claim 1 , which comprises the following steps (1) and (2):(1) a step of providing eggshell membranes in a solvent; and(2) a step of adding a reducing agent and a protease to the solvent, and causing reactions by them.4. The eggshell membrane solubilization method of claim 3 , wherein the pH of the reaction solution in the step (2) is from 4.5 to 9.5.5. The eggshell membrane solubilization method of claim 3 , wherein the concentration of the reducing agent is from 5 mM to 1 M.6. The eggshell membrane solubilization method of claim 3 , wherein the reaction in the step (2) is continued until no solid is found.7. The eggshell membrane solubilization method of claim 3 , which further comprises the following step (3):(3) a step of filtering the solution after the step (2), thereby removing solids.8. The eggshell membrane solubilization method of claim 1 , wherein the protease is an alkaline or neutral protease.9. The eggshell membrane solubilization method of ...

POLYSACCHARIDE DERIVATIVES INCLUDING AN ALKENE UNIT AND THIOL-CLICK CHEMICAL COUPLING REACTION

The invention relates to polysaccharides grafted with a unit including a carbon-carbon double bond, to polysaccharides grafted with a unit including a carbon-carbon double bond functionalized by a thioether unit, to the methods for preparing said compounds, to the compositions including such compounds and to the materials including such materials or compositions. 127-. (canceled)29. The method according to claim 28 , wherein step a) is carried out in a water/DMF claim 28 , water/DMSO or water/isopropanol mixture.30. The method according to claim 28 , wherein step a) is carried out at a pH between 6 and 11.31. The method according to claim 28 , wherein in step a) the molar graft ratio is modulated by the quantity of anhydride added.32. The method according to claim 28 , wherein the polysaccharide is selected from poly(galacturonate)s claim 28 , heparin and derivatives thereof claim 28 , hyaluronic acid and derivatives thereof claim 28 , chondroitin sulfates claim 28 , pectin and derivatives thereof claim 28 , alginates claim 28 , and neutral polysaccharides such as cellulose claim 28 , dextran claim 28 , pullulan claim 28 , starch claim 28 , maltodextrin and derivatives thereof claim 28 , chitin claim 28 , chitosan and derivatives thereof.34. The polysaccharide according to claim 33 , wherein the molar graft ratio is from 0.5 to (number of free hydroxyl functional groups per polysaccharide repeating unit)×100% per polysaccharide repeating unit.35. The polysaccharide according to claim 33 , wherein said polysaccharide is selected from poly(galacturonate)s claim 33 , heparin and derivatives thereof claim 33 , hyaluronic acid and derivatives thereof claim 33 , chondroitin sulfates claim 33 , pectin and derivatives thereof claim 33 , alginates claim 33 , and neutral polysaccharides such as cellulose claim 33 , dextran claim 33 , pullulan claim 33 , starch claim 33 , maltodextrin and derivatives thereof claim 33 , chitin claim 33 , chitosan and derivatives thereof.38. The ...

HYALURONAN FIBRES, METHOD OF PREPARATION THEREOF AND USE THEREOF

The invention relates to the method of preparation of hyaluronic acid-based fibres, where first the spinning solution of hyaluronic acid and/or a metal compound thereof, optionally containing a metal salt or a hyaluronic acid compound and metal ions, is prepared, then the spinning solution is introduced into the coagulation bath comprising an acid, an alcohol and not more than 10% wt. of water, and optionally a metal salt, resulting in forming a fibre which is preferably left in the coagulation bath and/or is drawn, then the fibre is washed with alcohol and dried. After washing of the fibre, metal ions may be introduced in the fibre by means of the metalization bath. Further, the invention relates to the fibres based on hyaluronic acid and/or a metal compound thereof, having the fibre (monofilament) diameter 4 μm to 1 mm, linear weight 0.1 to 30 g/1000 m (0.1 to 30 tex), tensile strength 0.5 to 3 cN·dtexand loop strength 20 to 80% of the tensile strength. The invention also relates to a silk tow that contains 2 to 50 primary fibres. Moreover, the invention relates to the use of the fibres for the production of woven and non-swoven fabrics. 1. A method of preparation of fibres based on hyaluronic acid and/or a metal compound thereof characterized by that a spinning aqueous solution containing hyaluronic acid and/or a metal compound thereof is prepared which is subsequently spun in a coagulation bath containing an alcohol and an acid , then the fibre is washed and after washing , the fibre is dried.2. The method according to claim 1 , characterized by that after spinning in the coagulation bath claim 1 , at least one of the steps selected from the group comprising maturation of the fibre in the coagulation bath for 1 second to 48 hours and drawing of the fibre at the drawing ratio within the range of 1.1 to 7 is performed.3. The method according to any of the preceding claims claim 1 , characterized by that the spinning solution of the hyaluronic acid and/or a metal ...

CHITOSAN MANUFACTURING PROCESS

A method for producing chitosan from naturally occurring chitin-containing raw material, such as crustacean shells, includes an optional pretreatment step to remove non-chitin rich organic material for example, shrimp flesh, from the raw material, e.g., shrimp shells. The optional pretreatment is followed by a demineralization step utilizing a mild hydrochloric acid solution and a deproteination step utilizing a mild sodium hydroxide solution. The deproteination step is followed by a deacetylation step to remove the acetyl group from N-acetylglucosamine (chitin) to form an amine group, yielding d-glucosamine (chitosan). Each step is followed by a washing step and the product is dried, preferably at a temperature not in excess of about 65° C. Known purification and grinding steps may also be used to produce the final chitosan product. The process is carried out in equipment comprising a series of substantially identical or similar tanks ( etc.) and dryers (′), suitably interconnected. 1. A process for the manufacture of chitosan from a naturally occurring chitin source consists essentially of the following steps:(a) a naturally occurring chitin source is demineralized by immersing it in a demineralization (“DMIN”) hydrochloric acid solution of from about 0.5 to about 2 M at a temperature of from about 20° C. to about 30° C. and for a DMIN time period of from about 0.5 to about 2 hours to demineralize the chitin source, and then separating the resulting demineralized chitin source from the acid solution, washing the chitin source in a DMIN wash water for a DMIN wash period of from about 0.5 to about 2 hours to remove the hydrochloric acid and calcium salts therefrom, and then separating the demineralized chitin source from the DMIN wash water;(b) subjecting the demineralized chitin source to deproteination (“DPRO”) by treating the demineralized chitin source in a DPRO sodium hydroxide solution containing from about 1% to about 10% w/w NaOH for a DPRO time period of ...

DERIVATIVE OF HYALURONIC ACID MODIFIED WITH AMINO-CARBOXYLIC ACID

The present invention provides a hyaluronic acid derivative comprising disaccharide units of Formula (I), and a hyaluronic acid derivative/drug conjugate wherein one or more drugs are conjugated to the hyaluronic acid derivative. 2. The hyaluronic acid derivative according to claim 1 , wherein X is —NHCH claim 1 , —NH(CH)CHor —NR—CHR—CONRR claim 1 , or A is —CRR— or Ccycloalkylene.3. The hyaluronic acid derivative according to claim 1 , wherein{'sub': '3-8', 'A is Ccycloalkylene, and B is a direct bond;'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '3-8, 'A is —CH— or —CH—CH—, and B is selected from phenylene (wherein the phenylene may be substituted by one or more groups selected from hydroxy and halogen atoms), Ccycloalkylene and phenylmethane-1,1-diyl; or'}A is selected from 2-cyclohexylethane-1,1-diyl, 2-(2-naphthyl)ethane-1,1-diyl, 3-phenylpropane-1,1-diyl, cyclohexylmethane-1,1-diyl and 4-hydroxyphenylmethane-1,1-diyl, and B is a direct bond.4. The hyaluronic acid derivative according to claim 1 , wherein{'sub': '2', 'A is —CH—, and B is selected from cyclohexane-1,1-diyl, benzene-1,4-diyl, benzene-1,3-diyl, 2-chlorobenzene-1,4-diyl and phenylmethane-1,1-diyl;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'A is —CHCH—, and B is benzene-1,4-diyl; or'}A is selected from 2-cyclohexylethane-1,1-diyl, 2-(2-naphthyl)ethane-1,1-diyl, and 3-phenylpropane-1,1-diyl; and B is a direct bond.7. The hyaluronic acid derivative according to claim 1 , which is prepared using hyaluronic acid composed exclusively of the disaccharide units each represented by Formula (II) as set forth in claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , when R claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , and Rare all hydrogen atoms claim 1 , Ris acetyl claim 1 , and Xis —ONa claim 1 , the weight-average molecular weight is in the range of 20-120 kilodaltons.8. The hyaluronic acid derivative according to claim 1 , wherein an underivatized hyaluronic acid corresponding to the hyaluronic acid derivative in terms of backbone structure has a weight-average molecular weight of 20-120 ...

HYDRAZIDO DERIVATIVES OF HYALURONIC ACID

Disclosed are chemically modified hyaluronic acid (HA) derivatives containing hydrazido groups directly linked to the glucuronic acid residues of HA. Said hydrazido groups are used to obtain crosslinked and labeled HA derivatives. The invention further relates to methods of preparation of said HA derivatives. 1. A hyaluronic acid (hereinafter HA) derivative or a salt thereof , said derivative having a part of the carboxy groups of the D-glucuronic residues converted directly into hydrazido groups.2. The hyaluronic acid derivative according to claim 1 , wherein said hyaluronic acid derivative is an uncross-linked compound represented by the formula:{'br': None, 'HA-CO—NR1—NHR2'}{'sub': 1', '20', '2', '20', '2', '10', '6', '14', '3', '2', '2', '1', '20', '2', '20', '2', '10', '1', '20', '2', '20', '6', '14, 'sup': '+', 'wherein R1and R2, the same or different, each is H, C-Calkyl, C-Calkenyl, C-Calkynyl, C-Caryl, alkaryl or heterocyclyl optionally substituted by one or more radicals selected from the group consisting of halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, thioalkyl, nitro, cyano, CF, CONH, and —NH—NH, and/or each of the C-Calkyl, C-Calkenyl, C-Calkynyl may be interrupted by O or S or by a group NR3R4, wherein R3 and R4, the same or different; each is H, C-Calkyl, C-Calkenyl, C-Caryl.'}3. The hyaluronic acid derivative according to claim 2 , wherein said hyaluronic acid derivative is an uncross-linked claim 2 , water-soluble compound represented by the formula HA-CO-NH-NH.4. The hyaluronic acid derivative according to claim 3 , wherein said uncross-linked claim 3 , water-soluble compound further contains N-acylurea groups.5. The hyaluronic acid derivative according to claim 1 , wherein said hyaluronic acid derivative is a cross-linked compound formed by reaction of a part of the hydrazido groups of the D-glucuronic residues with a part of the carboxy groups of the D-glucuronic residues claim 1 , said carboxy groups being activated by a carbodiimide claim 1 , thus resulting in a ...

Hyaluronic Acid-Gelatin Crosslinked Thermoreversible Pluronic Hydrogels

A HA-gelatin-pluronic hydrogel and a method for making a HA-gelatin-pluronic hydrogel are provided. The hydrogel includes hyaluronic acid, gelatin-Type A and a thermoreversible, hydrophilic non-ionic surfactant gel. The thermoreversible, hydrophilic non-ionic surfactant gel can be a poly(ethylene oxide)99-poly(propylene oxide)67-poly(ethylene oxide)99 (“Pluronic F127”). The weight ratio of HA to gelatin-Type A is between 1:2 and 2:1 and preferably about 1:1. The weight ratio of HA and gelatin-Type A to thermoreversible, hydrophilic non-ionic surfactant gel is between 1:3,000 and 1:150, preferably between 1:3,000 and 1:600 and most preferably about 1:2,400. The hydrogel is formed by combining hyaluronic acid and gelatin-Type A to form a solution, cooling the solution, mixing the solution with Pluronic F127 to form a mixture and storing the mixture at a temperature of from 25° C. to 45° C. preferably about 37° C., to form a gel 1. A hydrogel comprising:hyaluronic acid (“HA”);gelatin-Type A; anda thermoreversible, hydrophilic non-ionic surfactant gel.2. The hydrogel according to claim 1 , wherein the thermoreversible claim 1 , hydrophilic non-ionic surfactant gel is a poloxamer.3. The hydrogel according to claim 1 , wherein the gelatin-Type A has an isoelectric range between 7 and 9 pH.4. The hydrogel according to claim 1 , wherein the thermoreversible claim 1 , hydrophilic non-ionic surfactant gel is poly(ethylene oxide)99-poly(propylene oxide)67-poly(ethylene oxide)99 (“Pluronic F127”).5. The hydrogel according to claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of HA to gelatin-Type A is between 1:2 and 2:1.6. The hydrogel according to claim 1 , wherein weight ratio of HA to gelatin-Type A is about 1:1.7. The hydrogel according to claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of HA to gelatin-Type A is between 1:2 and 2:1 and the weight ratio of HA and gelatin-Type A to thermoreversible claim 1 , hydrophilic non-ionic surfactant gel is between 1:2 claim 1 ,400 and 1:150.9. The hydrogel ...

Substrate-Independent Layer-By-Layer Assembly Using Catechol-Functionalized Polymers

The present invention provides a simple, non-destructive and versatile method that enables layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly to be performed on virtually any substrate. A novel catechol-functionalized polymer which adsorbs to virtually all surfaces and can serve as a platform for LbL assembly in a surface-independent fashion is also provided. 2. The catechol-functionalized polymer of wherein “x” is 221 and “y” is 122. This application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/622,136 filed Sep. 18, 2012, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/267,822 filed Nov. 10, 2008 and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,293,867 on Oct. 23, 2012, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/986,847 filed Nov. 9, 2007. Each of these applications is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes.This invention was made with government support under Grant No. DE014193 awarded by the National Institutes of Health. The government has certain rights in the invention.Layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly allows one to create multifunctional films on surfaces while maintaining the bulk properties of the individual surfaces [1]. The method relies on sequential adsorption of polymers onto bulk surfaces from solution, giving rise to complex multifunctional, multilayered films. LbL assembly is simple to implement and offers extensive control over film properties and composition during stepwise adsorption of components.Although the vast majority of LbL films are built from polyelectrolytes via electrostatic interaction between layers, more recently LbL films have been made with hydrogen bonding of polymers [2], and other building blocks such as inorganic nanoparticles, giving access to even greater control of chemical and physical properties of LbL films.In principle, LbL assembly can be performed on a wide variety of substrates, including noble metals (Au, Pt, etc.), oxides (quartz, Si, TiO, mica etc.), and synthetic polymers (polyethylene ...

CROSS-LINKING OF LOW-MOLECULAR WEIGHT AND HIGH-MOLECULAR WEIGHT POLYSACCHARIDES, PREPARATION OF INJECTABLE MONOPHASE HYDROGELS, POLYSACCHARIDES AND HYDROGELS OBTAINED

A process for the crosslinking of at least one polymer selected from polysaccharides and derivatives thereof, which is carried out in an aqueous solvent by the action of an effective and non-excessive amount of at least one crosslinking agent, characterized in that it is carried out on a mixture containing at least one low-molecular weight polymer and at least one high-molecular weight polymer. A process for the preparation of an injectable monophase hydrogel of at least one crosslinked polymer selected from polysaccharides and derivatives thereof. Crosslinked polymers and injectable monophase hydrogels respectively obtainable by each of said processes. 1. An injectable polymeric composition prepared by a process comprising the steps of:{'sup': 5', '6, 'forming a mixture of a first hyaluronic acid salt having a first molecular weight of about 3×10Da and a second hyaluronic acid salt having a second molecular weight of about 3×10Da; and'}cross-linking the mixture formed in step 1) in an aqueous solvent in the presence of an effective and non-excessive amount of at least one cross-linking agent; andwherein the mixture contains more than 50% by weight of the first hyaluronic acid salt.2. The composition of wherein the mixture contains more than 70% by weight of the first hyaluronic acid salt.3. The composition of wherein at least one of the first hyaluronic acid salt and second hyaluronic acid salt is selected from a sodium salt claim 1 , a potassium salt claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the cross-linking agent is selected from epichlorohydrin claim 1 , divinyl sulfone claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,4-bis(2 claim 1 ,3-epoxypropoxy) butane claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,2-bis(2 claim 1 ,3-epoxypropoxy)ethylene claim 1 , 1-(2 claim 1 ,3-epoxypropyl)-2 claim 1 ,3-epoxycyclohexane claim 1 , aldehydes claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the cross-linking agent is 1 claim 1 ,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE). This ...

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING WATER-SOLUBLE HYALURONIC ACID MODIFICATION

The present invention provides a water-soluble modified HA practically used as a drug carrier and a production method thereof. The present invention provides: a water-soluble modified hyaluronic acid, the residence time in blood of which is elongated to a practical level, which is produced by introducing a substituent into the carboxy group of the glucuronic acid of hyaluronic acid or a derivative thereof, via an amide bond, at a lower limit of an introduction ratio of 5 mole % or more, using a BOP condensing agent in an aprotic polar solvent; and a production method thereof. Moreover, by cross-linking the modified hyaluronic acid, the present invention provides a hyaluronic acid gel capable of extremely long drug sustained-release even at the same cross-linking functional group introduction ratio as that of the conventionally known gel. 2. The process according to claim 1 , which is used for encapsulation of a drug.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein a drug which can be encapsulated is a conjugate consisting of a polymer and a drug.4. The process according to claim 1 , which further comprises drying the hyaluronic acid gel.5. The process according to claim 4 , which is used for encapsulation of a drug.6. The process according to claim 4 , wherein a drug which can be encapsulated is a conjugate consisting of a polymer and a drug. This is a divisional of application Ser. No. 13/430,259, filed Mar. 26, 2012, which is a divisional of U.S. Pat. No. 8,143,391, issued Mar. 27, 2012, (application Ser. No. 11/662,087, filed Mar. 7, 2007), which is the U.S. National Phase application of International Application No. PCT/JP2005/016389, filed Sep. 7, 2005, such applications claiming the benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119 of the filing dates of Application No. 2004/259157 filed in Japan on Sep. 7, 2004; Application No. 2005/064096 filed in Japan on Mar. 8, 2005; and Application No. 2005/064122 filed in Japan on Mar. 8, 2005, the contents of each of which are incorporated ...

Process for electrospinning chitin fibers from chitinous biomass solution and fibers and articles produced thereby

Disclosed are methods for electrospinning chitinous biomass solution to form chitin fibers, using ionic liquids or other ion-containing liquids as solvent. Chitin fibers produced thereby and articles containing such chitin fibers are also disclosed. The chitin fiber thus obtained has very high surface area and improved strength over currently commercially available chitin materials.

Outer layer having entanglement of hydrophobic polymer host and hydrophilic polymer guest

An outer layer having an entanglement comprising an intermingling of cloaked hydrophilic guest and a hydrophobic polymer host, wherein molecules of the guest have been crosslinked with each other. Under certain circumstances, using complexes of the guest may be desirable or even necessary. The intermingling of the guest and host includes a physical tangling, whether it also comprises crosslinking by primary bonding (e.g., chemical/covalent bonding) there-between. Also a method of producing an outer layer having such an entanglement, including the steps of: temporarily cloaking at least a portion of the hydrophilic groups of the guest; intermingling at least a portion of the cloaked groups with a porous polymeric structure by diffusing the guest with cloaked groups into at least a portion of the structure's pores; within the pores, crosslinking at least a portion of the molecules of the guest with the guest; and removing the cloaking. Cloaking may be performed by silylation or acylation. Intermingling may be performed by producing a mixture of guest and host (whether in solution, powdered, granular, etc., form); next, a crosslinking of the guest with itself is performed; then, the mixture is molded into the outer layer.

EXTRACTION OF CHITINS IN A SINGLE STEP BY ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS IN AN ACID MEDIUM

A method of enzymatic extraction of chitin is realized in a single step wherein the chitin is obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of raw material constituted by animal biomass including chitin, the enzymatic hydrolysis using an enzyme active in acid medium. Also disclosed is a process of optimization of the method of enzymatic extraction of chitin, as well as the chitin susceptible to be obtained by the method of enzymatic extraction. 1. A method for the enzymatic extraction of chitin , wherein said method is carried out in a single step , wherein chitin is obtained by the enzymatic hydrolyzis of raw material constituted by animal biomass comprising chitin , said enzymatic hydrolyzis using an active enzyme in an acid medium.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said single step is an enzymatic hydrolysis for deproteinizing and demineralizing said raw material simultaneously.3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said enzyme active in an acid medium is a protease having a broad spectrum of activity in an acid medium claim 1 , preferably pepsin or a stable acid protease.4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the enzyme concentration used for hydrolysis is 0.1 to 75% claim 1 , preferably 5 to 30% claim 1 , more preferably from approximately 23 to approximately 27% in weight relative to the estimated weight of the protein in the raw material.5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the acid medium is obtained by means of the presence of an acid claim 1 , preferably a dietary acid claim 1 , more preferably phosphoric acid or formic acid.6. A method according to claim 1 , wherein animal biomass comprising chitin comprises marine by-products claim 1 , preferably marine by-products obtained from crustaceans claim 1 , preferably prawns claim 1 , crabs or krill claim 1 , or from cephalopods claim 1 , preferably squid or cuttlefish.7. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said animal biomass comprising chitin comprises insect by-products claim 1 , preferably ...

NOVEL MUCOSAL ADJUVANTS AND DELIVERY SYSTEMS

Adjuvants comprising chitosan cross-linked with an aldehyde or mannosylated chitosan are provided herein. Methods of making the adjuvants and methods of combining or linking the adjuvants with antigens are also provided. The adjuvant-antigen combinations can be used in vaccine formulations and the vaccine formulations can be used in methods to vaccinate animals against the source of the antigen or to enhance the immune response in a subject. 1. An adjuvant composition comprising a carbohydrate linked to chitosan to form a Schiff base.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the carbohydrate is selected from mannose claim 1 , mannobiose claim 1 , glucose claim 1 , galactose claim 1 , or fructose.3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the carbohydrate is mannose.4. The composition of any one of - claim 2 , wherein the Schiff base is not reduced.5. The composition of any one of - claim 2 , wherein the Schiff base is reduced.6. An adjuvant composition comprising between 0.5% and 2% of an aldehyde cross-linked chitosan.7. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the chitosan is cross-linked with formaldehyde.8. The composition of or claim 6 , further comprising Tris-HCl to quench free aldehydes.9. The composition of any one of - claim 6 , further comprising an enhancing molecule.10. The composition of claim 9 , wherein the enhancing molecule is saponin claim 9 , toll-like receptors claim 9 , the B subunit of a bacterial toxin claim 9 , bacterial toxins claim 9 , CpG motifs claim 9 , liposomes or monophosphoryl lipid A.11. The composition of claim 9 , wherein the enhancing molecule is tetanus toxoid claim 9 , cholera toxin B subunit claim 9 , heat labile enterotoxin B subunit claim 9 , or tripolyphosphate.12. A vaccine formulation comprising the adjuvant composition of any one of - and an antigen.13. The vaccine of claim 12 , wherein the antigen is a protein.14InfluenzaEimeriaClostridium. The vaccine of claim 13 , wherein the protein is M2e claim 13 , Hemaglutinin claim 13 , ...

COMPOSITIONS OF JASMONATE COMPOUNDS AND METHODS OF USE

The disclosure describes nanocarried and/or microcarried jasmonate compounds and their pharmaceutical compositions, as well as use thereof for treating or preventing angiogenesis-related or NF-κB-related disorders. Also disclosed are methods of making the nanocarried and/or microcarried compounds and their compositions. 1. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent and a plurality of nanocarriers or microcarriers that contain a jasmonate compound , whereinthe nanocarriers or microcarriers are formed of a cyclodextrin or a dendrimer, or are synthetic nanoemulsion particles (LDEs) comprising a cholesteryl ester core surrounded by a phospholipid layer;the nanocarriers have a size ranging from 1 nanometer (nm) to 900 nm; orthe microcarriers have a size ranging from 1 micron to 50 micron; andthe pharmaceutical composition has a concentration of the jasmonate compound ranging from 1 nM to 1 M.2. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the jasmonate compound is selected from the group consisting of jasmonic acid claim 1 , 7-iso -jasmonic acid claim 1 , 9 claim 1 ,10-dihydrojasmonic acid claim 1 , 9 claim 1 ,10-dihydro-isojasmonic acid claim 1 , 2 claim 1 ,3-didehydrojasmonic acid claim 1 , 3 claim 1 ,4-didehydrojasmonic acid claim 1 , 3 claim 1 ,7-didehydrojasmonic acid claim 1 , 4 claim 1 ,5-didehydrojasmonic acid claim 1 , 4 claim 1 ,5-didehydro-7-isojasmonic acid claim 1 , cucurbic acid claim 1 , 6-epi-cucurbic acid claim 1 , 6-epi-cucurbic acid-lactone claim 1 , 12-hydroxy-jasmonic acid claim 1 , 12-hydroxy-jasmonic acid-lactone claim 1 , 11-hydroxy-jasmonic acid claim 1 , 8-hydroxy-jasmonic acid claim 1 , homo-jasmonic acid claim 1 , dihomo-jasmonic acid claim 1 , 11-hydroxy-dihomo-jasmonic acid claim 1 , 8-hydroxy-dihomo-jasmonic acid claim 1 , tuberonic acid claim 1 , tuberonic acid-O-β-glucopyranoside claim 1 , cucurbic acid-O-β-glucopyranoside claim 1 , 5 claim 1 ,6-didehydro-jasmonic acid claim 1 , 6 claim 1 ,7- ...

CHITIN, HYDROLYSATE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ONE OR MORE DESIRED PRODUCTS BY MEANS OF ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS, INCLUDING PRE-TREATMENT WITH AN OXIDISING AGENT

The invention relates to chitin, a hydrolysate and a method for the production of at least one desired product from insects. More specifically, the invention relates to a method for the production of chitin and/or chitosan from insect cuticles, comprising a step in which insect cuticles are treated with an oxidising agent, followed by a step involving the enzymatic hydrolysis of the insect cuticles using a proteolytic enzyme. 1. Hydrolysate comprising at least 40% by weight proteins based on the total weight of dry matter , at a maximum 10% by weight ash based on the total weight of dry matter , and a water-soluble protein content larger than 12 ,400 g/mol less than 50%.2. Chitin comprising an amino acid content less than or equal to 55% by weight based on the total weight of dry matter , an ash content less than or equal to 3.5% by weight based on the total weight of dry matter , and a purity by difference greater than or equal to 35% or a colorimetric purity greater than or equal to 44%.3. Method for the production of chitin and/or chitosan from insect cuticles , comprising the following steps:(i) treating the insect cuticles with an oxidizing agent, then(ii) enzymatic hydrolysis of the insect cuticles with a proteolytic enzyme.4. Method according to claim 3 , in which the proteolytic enzyme is a protease.5. Method according to or claim 3 , in which the oxidizing agent is selected from the group constituted by hydrogen peroxide claim 3 , potassium permanganate claim 3 , ozone and sodium hypochlorite.6. Method according to any one of to claim 3 , comprising a step of killing the insects.7. Method according to any one of to claim 3 , comprising a step of grinding the insects.8. Method according to any one of to claim 3 , in which the oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide.9. Method according to any one of to claim 3 , in which the insect or insects is/are selected from the group constituted by the Coleoptera claim 3 , the Lepidoptera claim 3 , the Orthoptera and the ...

METHOD FOR CLEAVING AMIDE BONDS

A method for cleaving amide bonds, including: a) providing a molecule including an amide group; b) reacting the molecule including the amide group with a hydroxylamine salt to cleave the amide bond of the amide group. The method may further include c) recovering a product formed by the reaction of step b). 131.-. (canceled)32. A method for cleaving amide bonds , comprising:a) providing a molecule comprising an amide group, wherein the amide group is a primary, secondary or tertiary amide group;b) reacting the molecule comprising an amide group with a hydroxylamine salt to cleave the amide bond of the amide group.33. The method according to claim 32 , wherein the method further comprises:c) recovering a product formed by the reaction of step b).34. The method according to claim 32 , wherein the amide group is an N-acyl amide group claim 32 , preferably an N-acetyl amide group.35. The method according to claim 32 , wherein the molecule comprising an amide group further comprises a pH sensitive chiral center.36. The method according to claim 32 , wherein the molecule comprising an amide group further comprises a pH sensitive protecting group.37. The method according to claim 32 , wherein step b) comprises reacting the molecule comprising an amide group with the hydroxylamine salt at a temperature of 100° C. or less.38. The method according to claim 32 , wherein step b) comprises reacting the molecule comprising an amide group with the hydroxylamine salt for 2-200 hours.39. The method according to claim 32 , wherein the hydroxylamine salt is a salt formed by hydroxylamine and an acid selected from the group consisting of mineral acids and organic acids or mixtures thereof.40. The method according to claim 32 , wherein the hydroxylamine salt is a salt formed by hydroxylamine and an acid selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid claim 32 , hydroiodic acid claim 32 , hydrobromic acid claim 32 , acetic acid claim 32 , propionic acid claim 32 , pivalic acid ...

Chitosan-Derived Compositions

The present invention relates generally to therapeutic compositions comprising chitosan-derived compositions used in connection with methods for treating neoplasms, such as for instance, malignant lung, thyroid and kidney neoplasms, and other types of malignant neoplasms, and other medical disorders. 1. A method of treating cancer in a subject , the method comprising:administering to the subject in need thereof, a viscoelastic glycated chitosan formulation of filter sterilized glycated chitosan polymer and a substantially aqueous solution, the glycated chitosan polymer having a molecular weight between about 50,000 Daltons to about 1,500,000 Daltons, the glycated chitosan polymer having glycated amino groups present from about one tenth of one percent to about thirty percent of available amino groups, the degree of deacetylation of a chitosan parent of the viscoelastic glycated chitosan is about 80%,wherein the substantially aqueous solution having a pH from between about 5 to about 7, wherein about one percent by weight of the glycated chitosan polymer is dissolved in the substantially aqueous solution, andwherein the aqueous solution has a viscosity from about one centistokes to about one hundred centistokes measured at about 25 degrees Celsius.2. The method claim 1 , according to claim 1 , in which the formulation is administered by injection to the subject.3. The method claim 1 , according to claim 1 , in which the glycated chitosan polymer has a molecular weight less than 500 claim 1 ,000 Daltons.4. The method claim 1 , according to claim 1 , further includes treating the cancer using a combination of the formulation and radiation treatment.5. The method claim 1 , according to claim 1 , further includes treating the cancer with a combination of the formulation and an anti-neoplastic drug.6. The method claim 1 , according to claim 1 , in which the anti-neoplastic drug is selected from the group consisting of: alkylating agents; antimetabolites; plant alkaloids; ...

GREEN METHOD TO PREPARE PLAIN WATER-BASED POLYSACCHARIDE CHITOSAN SOLUTIONS

A method is provided for producing a composition comprising chitosan and water, comprising dissolving chitosan powder in an ionic liquid, to prepare a first composition comprising chitosan and ionic liquid; and contacting the first composition with water under conditions sufficient to solvent-exchange all or substantially all of the ionic liquid with water; to form a composition comprising chitosan and water. Compositions produced thereby and methods of using the compositions are provided. 1. A method for producing a composition comprising chitosan and water , comprising:dissolving chitosan powder in an ionic liquid, to prepare a first composition comprising chitosan and ionic liquid; andcontacting the first composition with water under conditions sufficient to solvent-exchange all or substantially all of the ionic liquid with water;to form a composition comprising chitosan and water.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , after the dissolving and prior to the contacting claim 1 , freezing the first composition to form a frozen composition comprising chitosan and the ionic liquid claim 1 , wherein said contacting the first composition comprises contacting the frozen composition.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising vortexing the composition comprising chitosan and water.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprising chitosan and water comprises chitosan solutes having a size in the range of 1 to 1 claim 1 ,000 nm.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising removing excess water from the composition comprising chitosan and water.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ionic liquid is hydrophilic.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ionic liquid is one or more of 1-allyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bromide; 1-allyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride; 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium acetate; 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride; 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium acetate; 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride; 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium dimethyl ...

Dually Derivatized Chitosan Nanoparticles and Methods of Making and Using the Same for Gene Transfer In Vivo

Provided herein is chitosan dually derivatized with arginine and gluconic acid; and methods of making and using the same, e.g., for gene delivery in vivo. 114.-. (canceled)15. A method of treating diabetes comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a therapeutic nucleic acid encoding insulin , a glucagon antagonist , GLP-1 or leptin to a target tissue in a patient , wherein said administering comprises contacting said target tissue with a dually derivatized (DD) chitosan nucleic acid polyplex , said DD chitosan nucleic acid polyplex comprising a chitosan-derivative nanoparticle comprising chitosan coupled with gluconic acid and arginine , and said therapeutic nucleic acid.16. A method of treating inflammatory bowel disease comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a therapeutic nucleic acid encoding IL-10 , a TNFα antagonist , or an IL-17 antagonist to a target tissue in a patient , wherein said administering comprises contacting said target tissue with a dually derivatized (DD) chitosan nucleic acid polyplex , said DD chitosan nucleic acid polyplex comprising a chitosan-derivative nanoparticle comprising chitosan coupled with gluconic acid and arginine , and said therapeutic nucleic acid.17. A method of treating of obesity comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a therapeutic nucleic acid encoding leptin , cholecystokinin , PYY or GLP-1 to a target tissue in a patient , wherein said administering comprises contacting said target tissue with a dually derivatized (DD) chitosan nucleic acid polyplex , said DD chitosan nucleic acid polyplex comprising a chitosan-derivative nanoparticle comprising chitosan coupled with gluconic acid and arginine , and said therapeutic nucleic acid.18. The method according to , , or , wherein said nanoparticle comprises arginine at a concentration of about 10% to about 55%.19. The method according to claim 18 , wherein said nanoparticle comprises gluconic acid at an initial ...

POROUS BIOMATERIALS FOR TISSUE REGENERATION

The present invention relates to a porous material having a scaffold comprising: one or more fibroin moieties A and one or more polysaccharide moieties B, wherein A and B are directly conjugated with another without an interconnecting linker structure. Moreover, the present invention refers to a method for preparing a porous material. The present invention further relates to an injectable composition comprising a particulate porous material according to the invention and to cosmetic and therapeutic uses thereof such as facial and body re-shaping as well as regenerating tissue. 118-. (canceled)19. A porous material having a scaffold comprising:one or more fibroin moieties A; andone or more polysaccharide moieties B,wherein A and B are directly conjugated with another without an interconnecting linker structure.20. The porous material of claim 19 , wherein one or more lysyl residues of the one or more fibroin moieties A are directly covalently bound to one or more carbon atoms of the one or more polysaccharide moieties B via double bond or via single bond.21. The porous material of claim 19 , wherein the one or more polysaccharide moieties B have a weight average molecular weight in the range of 50 to 2000 kDa.22. The porous material of claim 19 , wherein the one or more polysaccharide moieties B are selected from the group consisting of hyaluronic acid moieties claim 19 , cellulose moieties claim 19 , heparosan moieties claim 19 , and mixtures of two or more thereof.23. The porous material of claim 19 , wherein the ratio between fibroin moieties A and polysaccharide moieties B is in the range of 1:10 to 10:1.24. The porous material of claim 19 , wherein said porous material bears pores of a mean average pore diameter in the range of from 20 to 400 μm.25. The porous material of claim 19 , wherein said porous material is particulate and bears a mass average particle size that is at least 5-fold larger than the mean average pore diameter.26. A method for preparing a ...

THREADS OF HYALURONIC ACID AND/OR DERIVATIVES THEREOF, METHODS OF MAKING THEREOF AND USES THEREOF

The present invention provides threads of hyaluronic acid, and/or derivatives thereof, methods of making thereof and uses thereof, for example, in aesthetic applications (e.g., dermal fillers), surgery (sutures), drug delivery, etc. 1. An implantable device comprising:a thread comprising uncrosslinked hyaluronic acid or salts, hydrates or solvates thereof and crosslinked hyaluronic acid or salts, hydrates or solvates thereof.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the crosslinked hyaluronic acid is crosslinked with a crosslinker selected from the group consisting of butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE) claim 1 , divinyl sulfone (DVS) and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC).3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the crosslinked hyaluronic acid is crosslinked with butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE).4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the thread further comprises a therapeutic agent.5. The device of claim 4 , wherein the therapeutic agent is selected from the group consisting of lidocaine claim 4 , xylocaine claim 4 , novocaine claim 4 , benzocaine claim 4 , prilocaine claim 4 , ropivacaine claim 4 , propofol claim 4 , and combinations thereof.6. The device of claim 4 , wherein the therapeutic agent is lidocaine.7. The device of claim 4 , wherein the therapeutic agent is selected from the group consisting of epinephrine claim 4 , adrenaline claim 4 , ephedrine claim 4 , aminophylline claim 4 , theophylline claim 4 , and combinations thereof.8. The device of claim 4 , wherein the therapeutic agent is botulism toxin.9. The device of claim 4 , wherein the therapeutic agent is laminin-511 claim 4 , glucosamine claim 4 , an antioxidant claim 4 , insulin claim 4 , a growth factor claim 4 , an antibiotic agent claim 4 , an anti-scarring agent claim 4 , a peptide claim 4 , an analgesic claim 4 , or an antiseptic.10. The device of claim 1 , wherein crosslinked hyaluronic acid has a degree of crosslinking with the crosslinker of between about 0.01% and about ...

CHITIN NANOWHISKER COMPOSITES AND METHODS

A composite includes particles of thermoplastic polymer coated with a chitin nanowhisker gel and melt-blended. The thermoplastic polymer may be polystyrene, polyethylene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polycarbonate, or another thermoplastic polymer. A method of processing chitin includes forming a non-colloidal mixture substantially of chitin and hydrochloric acid to subject the chitin to hydrolysis; upon the mixture becoming substantially colloidal, controlling conditions of the mixture to slow the hydrolysis; dialyzing the substantially colloidal mixture to produce a processed colloidal mixture consisting substantially of water and crystalline chitin; and reducing amount of agglomerated crystalline chitin and water in the processed colloidal mixture thereby to yield chitin nanowhisker gel. A method of forming a composite of chitin nanowhiskers dispersed in a thermoplastic polymer matrix includes coating thermoplastic polymer particles with a chitin nanowhisker gel; and subjecting the coated particles to melt-blending thereby to form the composite. 1. A composite comprising particles of thermoplastic polymer coated with a chitin nanowhisker gel and melt-blended.2. The composite of claim 1 , wherein the chitin nanowhisker gel is 5-10% wt of the thermoplastic polymer.3. The composite of claim 1 , wherein the chitin nanowhiskers are about 20% wt of the gel suspension.4. The composite of claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic polymer comprises polypropylene.5. The composite of claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic polymer comprises polyethylene.6. The composite of claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic polymer comprises acrylonitrile butadiene styrene.7. The composite of claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic polymer comprises polycarbonate.8. The composite of claim 1 , wherein the composite is comprised of about 1% wt to about 5% wt chitin nanowhiskers.9. The composite of claim 1 , wherein the composite is comprised of about 1% wt chitin nanowhiskers.10. A composite ...

Cross-Linkable Polymer, Hydrogel, and Method of Preparation Thereof

The invention relates to a cross-linkable polymer including a base polymer including functional groups at least some of which have been reacted with a first organic molecule including a cross-linkable unit and with a second organic molecule capable of bonding to organic and/or inorganic substrates. The invention further relates to a hydrogel including the cross-linkable polymer that includes cross-linkable polymer strands, wherein at least some of the cross-linkable units of different cross-linkable polymer strands have reacted to form a covalent bond thereby forming a covalently linked network. The invention further relates to a method for the preparation of the hydrogel and to the use of the hydrogel.

AMINE FUNCTIONALIZED CHITIN FOR REMOVING MUNITIONS COMPOUNDS FROM SOLUTION

The invention is a renewable adsorbent material, amine-functionalized chitin (AFC) that can remove the following munitions compounds from solution while providing a concentration-dependent color change: NTO, DNAN, and TNT. Adsorption of the munitions constituents can be adjusted by pH; neutral pH provides maximum adsorption. NTO can desorb from the AFC at pH levels of 2 and 12; DNAN and TNT remain attached to AFC once adsorbed. 1. A method for forming an amine functionalized chitin compound comprised of the steps of:forming an aqueous chitin sodium hydroxide solution;forming a chloroform tosyl chloride solution; 'wherein said tosyl chitin is comprised of chitin molecules with tosyl molecules bound to said chitin molecules;', 'combining said aqueous chitin sodium hydroxide solution and said chloroform tosyl chloride solution to form a tosyl chitin binding solution that contains tosyl chitin;'}solidifying said tosyl chitin;washing solidified tosyl chitin;filtering said solidified tosyl chitin to extract a quantity of tosyl chitin; 'wherein said DMSO solution includes dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and amine group molecules; and', 'adding said tosyl chitin to a DMSO solution to create an amine group-exposed solution;'}heating said DMSO solution until said tosyl molecules separate from said chitin molecules and said amine group molecules bind to said chitin molecules to create amine functionalized chitin molecules within said DMSO solution.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said aqueous chitin sodium hydroxide solution is comprised of a volume of water and 500 mg of chitin for each 10 mL volume of water and 4 grams of sodium hydroxide for each 10 mL volume of water.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said chloroform tosyl chloride solution is comprised of a volume of chloroform and 8.7 grams of tosyl chloride for each 20 mL volume of chloroform.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of combining said aqueous chitin sodium hydroxide solution and said chloroform tosyl ...

CONJUGATES OF HYALURONIC ACID AND AMINOBISPHOSPHONATES AND THE THERAPEUTIC USE THEREOF

The present invention describes conjugates of hyaluronic acid (HA) and an amino-bisphosphonate (N-BP) of general formula (I): 2. Conjugate according to claim 1 , wherein m is an integer from 2 to 5.3. Conjugate according to claim 1 , wherein p is 1.4. Conjugate according to claim 1 , wherein n is 2 claim 1 , 3 or 5.5. Conjugate according to claim 1 , wherein both m and n are 2.6. Conjugate according to claim 1 , wherein the weight-average molecular weight of hyaluronic acid ranges from 1×10Da to 1×10Da claim 1 , more preferably from 150000 Da to 800000 Da claim 1 , and even more preferably from 170000 Da to 230000 Da or from 500000 Da to 730000 Da.7. Conjugate according to claim 1 , wherein x ranges from 0.10 to 0.30 mol/mol claim 1 , more preferably from 0.10 to 0.20 mol/mol.8. A conjugate of formula (I) as defined in for use as a medicament.9. Pharmaceutical composition containing a conjugate of formula (I) as defined in claim 1 , and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and/or carrier.10. A method of intra-articularly and/or locoregionally treating osteoarthrosis and its repercussions at cartilage and subchondral level; treating post-menopausal osteoporosis or osteoporosis induced by drugs; treating bone fragility due to traumas or diseases claim 1 , intraosseously and/or locoregionally treating diseases characterised by altered metabolic bone turnover; and treating and filling of subchondral bone lesion claim 1 , which comprises administering to a patient in need there of the conjugate according to .11. A method of improving osseointegration of prostheses claim 1 , which comprises administering to a patient in need there of the conjugate according to .12. A viscosupplement comprising a conjugate of formula (I) as defined in claim 1 , and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and/or carrier.13. A method of intra-articularly and/or locoregionally treating osteoarthrosis and its repercussions at cartilage and subchondral level; treating ...

Conjugates of Oligomer of Hyaluronic Acid or of a Salt Thereof, Method of Preparation Thereof and Use Thereof

The invention relates to conjugates of hyaluronic acid oligomer according to the general formulae I, II III or IV, or a salt thereof, the method of preparation thereof and use thereof, where the oligomer is bonded to the respective substrate by its ending anomeric center via a bi-functional amino linker by means of an amino or imino bond. This type of conjugates allows releasing oligomers in their native form. The prepared systems exhibited an enhanced biological activity against selected lines of cancer cells. 2. The conjugate according to claim 1 , characterized by that the polysaccharide is selected from the group comprising hyaluronic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.3. The conjugate according to claim 2 , characterized by that hyaluronic acid or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof has the molecular weight within the range of 10to 10g·mol claim 2 , preferably 10g·mol.4. The conjugate according to claim 1 , characterized by that the hyaluronic acid oligomer residue comprises 1 to 17 saccharidic cycles claim 1 , wherein the saccharidic cycle is selected from the group consisting of β-(1 claim 1 ,3)-D-glucuronic acid and β-(1 claim 1 ,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.6. The method of preparation according to claim 5 , characterized by that the hyaluronic acid oligomer residue comprises 1 to 17 saccharidic cycles claim 5 , wherein the saccharidic cycle is selected from the group consisting of β-(1 claim 5 ,3)-D-glucuronic acid and β-(1 claim 5 ,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.7. The method of preparation according to claim 5 , characterized by that the substrate is a polysaccharide claim 5 , preferably selected from the group comprising hyaluronic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.8. The method according to claim 7 , characterized by that hyaluronic acid or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof has the molecular weight within the range of 10to 10g·mol claim 7 , preferably 10g·mol.9. The method of preparation according to claim 5 ...

METHOD FOR PREPARING HIGH-FUNCTIONAL SUTURE YARN COATED WITH HYALURONATE AND HIGH-FUNCTIONAL SUTURE YARN PREPARED THEREFROM

Provided are a method of manufacturing a hyaluronate-coated high-functional suture and a high-functional suture manufactured thereby, and more particularly to a method of manufacturing a high-functional suture and a high-functional suture manufactured thereby, wherein a suture for internal and external surgery derived from a conventional chemical synthetic material is coated with a hyaluronate as a biocompatible material, thus improving biocompatibility, functionality and ease of use. 1. A method of manufacturing a hyaluronate-coated suture , comprising the steps of:(a) preparing a hyaluronate organic-solvent aqueous solution having an organic solvent concentration of 50˜70 vol % and a hyaluronate concentration of 0.5˜2 vol % by dissolving a hyaluronate in purified water and then adding an organic solvent thereto; and(b) coating a suture with the hyaluronate organic-solvent aqueous solution and then drying the suture.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hyaluronate of the hyaluronate organic-solvent aqueous solution has a weight average molecular weight of 5˜100 kDa.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the suture is an absorbable suture or a non-absorbable suture.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coating is performed by immersing the suture in the hyaluronate organic-solvent aqueous solution or spraying the hyaluronate organic-solvent aqueous solution onto the suture.5. A hyaluronate-coated suture claim 1 , manufactured by the method of .6. A filler for cosmetic surgery claim 5 , comprising the hyaluronate-coated suture of .7. A lifting thread claim 5 , comprising the hyaluronate-coated suture of .8. A tissue-engineering scaffold claim 5 , comprising the hyaluronate-coated suture of . The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a hyaluronate-coated high-functional suture and a high-functional suture manufactured thereby, and more particularly to a method of manufacturing a high-functional suture and a high-functional suture manufactured thereby, ...

ANTIBODIES TARGETED TO FUNGAL CELL WALL POLYSACCHARIDES

A compound comprising one or more polysaccharide moieties each independently represented by the formula β(1→4)-[GlcNH—R]-2,5-anhydromannose, wherein n is a positive integer from 3 to 500, and R is H or an acyl group, is described. The compound can be manufactured by (a) reacting chitosan with an acylating agent sufficient to partially N-acylate the chitosan, yielding a modified chitin/chitosan mixed polymer; and (b) reacting the modified chitin/chitosan mixed polymer with a deaminating agent to cleave the mixed polymer at the unacylated chitosan moieties. The compound can be used to immunize against fungal infection. Antibodies specific to the compound, and the use of such antibodies to protect against fungal infection are also described.

CHITIN, HYDROLYSATE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ONE OR MORE DESIRED PRODUCTS FROM INSECTS BY MEANS OF ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS

The invention relates to chitin, a hydrolysate and a method for the production of at least one desired product from insects. More specifically, the invention relates to a method for the production of at least one desired product from insects, comprising an insect cuticle pressing step, followed by the enzymatic hydrolysis of the insect cuticles using a proteolytic enzyme. 1. Chitin comprising an amino acid content less than or equal to 45% by weight based on the total weight of dry matter , an ash content less than or equal to 3.5% by weight based on the total weight of dry matter and a purity by difference greater than or equal to 45%.2. Hydrolysate comprising at least 40% by weight proteins based on the total weight of dry matter , at a maximum 10% by weight ash based on the total weight of dry matter , and a water-soluble protein content larger than 12 ,400 g/mol less than 50%.3. Method for the production of at least one product of interest from insects , comprising the following steps:(i) grinding the insect cuticles,(ii) pressing the insect cuticles, and then(iii) enzymatic hydrolysis of the insect cuticles with a proteolytic enzyme.4. Method according to claim 3 , comprising a step of killing the insects prior to the grinding step.5. Method according to or claim 3 , further comprising a step of treatment of the insect cuticles with an oxidizing agent prior to enzymatic hydrolysis.6. Method according to any one of to claim 3 , in which the insect or insects is/are selected from the group constituted by the Coleoptera claim 3 , the Lepidoptera claim 3 , the Orthoptera and the Diptera.7. Method according to any one of to claim 3 , in which the protease is selected from the group constituted by aminopeptidases claim 3 , metallocarboxypeptidases claim 3 , serine endopeptidases claim 3 , cysteine endopeptidases claim 3 , aspartic endopeptidases claim 3 , metalloendopeptidases.8. Method according to any one of to claim 3 , in which the product of interest is chitin ...

CHITOSAN-DERIVED COMPOSITIONS

The present invention relates generally to therapeutic compositions comprising chitosan-derived compositions used in connection with methods for treating neoplasms, such as for instance, malignant lung, thyroid and kidney neoplasms, and other types of malignant neoplasms, and other medical disorders. 1. A viscoelastic glycated chitosan formulation , consisting essentially of glycated chitosan polymer , wherein the glycated chitosan polymer has a molecular weight between about 50 ,000 Daltons to about 1 ,500 ,000 Daltons , and further wherein the degree of glycation of free amino groups of the chitosan polymer ranges from about one tenth of one percent to about thirty percent.2. The viscoelastic glycated chitosan formulation of claim 1 , wherein the molecular weight of the viscoelastic glycated chitosan is approximately 250 claim 1 ,000 Daltons claim 1 , the degree of deacetylation of a chitin parent of the viscoelastic glycated chitosan is about eighty percent claim 1 , and the degree of glycation of free amino groups of the chitosan is about seven percent.3. The viscoelastic glycated chitosan formulation of claim 1 , wherein the glycated chitosan polymer possesses about two percent glycation of its otherwise free amino groups.4. The viscoelastic glycated chitosan formulation of claim 1 , wherein the final viscoelastic formulation is formulated as an aqueous solution possessing a pH from between about five (5) to about seven (7).5. The viscoelastic glycated chitosan formulation of claim 1 , wherein the viscoelastic formulation is formulated as an aqueous solution comprising a buffered physiological saline solution.6. The viscoelastic glycated chitosan formulation of claim 1 , wherein the viscoelastic formulation comprises about one percent by weight of the glycated chitosan polymer dispersed in an aqueous solution claim 1 , said aqueous solution having a viscosity of between about one to about one hundred centistokes measured at about 25 degrees Celsius.7. The ...

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING HYALURONATE FILM, AND HYALURONATE FILM MANUFACTURED THEREBY

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a hyaluronate film and a hyaluronate film manufactured thereby, and more particularly to a method of manufacturing a hyaluronate film through a solvent-casting process or using an automatic film applicator that facilitates mass production and to a hyaluronate film manufactured thereby, which is useful as a mask pack for cosmetics, a patch for medicaments and medical devices, a film-type adhesion inhibitor, etc. Unlike conventional liquid products, the hyaluronate film according to the present invention has a dry surface and thus entails no concern about microbial contamination, is easy to produce/manage/distribute/use, and has superior mechanical properties, whereby it can be utilized for various applications such as packs, patches, artificial skin and the like for cosmetics, medicaments, and medical devices. 1. A method of manufacturing a hyaluronate film , the method comprising:(a) preparing a hyaluronate solution by dissolving hyaluronate in a solvent; and(b) drying the hyaluronate solution through a solvent-casting process or a casting process using an automatic film applicator.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solvent-casting process includes:(a) preparing a 0.1 to 30 wt % hyaluronate solution by dissolving hyaluronate in a solvent; and(b) placing the hyaluronate solution in a mold and drying the hyaluronate solution under conditions of a relative humidity of 30 to 70% and a drying temperature of 30 to 50° C.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the hyaluronate has a molecular weight of 0.1 to 2.5 MDa.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the solvent is water or a 0.01 to 29 vol % ethanol aqueous solution.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the drying the hyaluronate solution is performed using a constant-temperature and constant-humidity chamber.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the casting process using the automatic film applicator includes:(a) preparing a 0.1 to 30 wt % hyaluronate solution by ...

PROCESSES FOR MAKING CHITOSAN SALTS AND PRODUCTS FORMED THEREBY

The present disclosure generally relates to improved processes for making chitosan salts and products formed by such processes. In certain embodiments, the processes disclosed herein provide the ability to make high-grade chitosan salts at lower cost and with improved environmental friendliness. 1. A method for making a chitosan salt , comprising:providing a chitosan composition, which comprises chitosan;combining the chitosan composition with water and one or more acids to form a hydrated chitosan composition; andremoving at least a portion of the water from the hydrated chitosan composition to form a dried chitosan salt composition, which comprises chitosan salt.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the chitosan composition comprises at least 75 weight percent claim 1 , or at least 80 weight percent claim 1 , or at least 85 weight percent claim 1 , or at least 90 weight percent claim 1 , or at least 95 weight percent claim 1 , or at least 97 weight percent claim 1 , or at least 99 weight percent claim 1 , chitosan claim 1 , based on the total weight of solids in the composition.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the chitosan comprises at least 75 weight percent claim 2 , or at least 80 weight percent claim 2 , or at least 85 weight percent claim 2 , or at least 90 weight percent claim 2 , or at least 95 weight percent claim 2 , or at least 97 weight percent claim 2 , or at least 99 weight percent claim 2 , chitosan of crustacean origin claim 2 , based on the total weight of chitosan in the composition.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the chitosan has an apparent viscosity ranging from 20 cP to 200 claim 2 ,000 cP claim 2 , or from 30 cP to 10 claim 2 ,000 cP claim 2 , or from 40 cP to 2 claim 2 ,000 cP.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the chitosan has weight-average molecular weight ranging from 100 kDa to 2 claim 2 ,000 kDa.6. The method of claim 2 , wherein the chitosan has a degree of deacetylation (DDA) of at least 60%.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ...

WATER-SOLUBLE AND/OR WATER-SWELLABLE HYBRID POLYMER

A water-soluble and/or water-swellable hybrid polymer comprising: 2. The water-soluble and/or water-swellable hybrid polymer according to claim 1 , wherein the monomers resulting in units (a) claim 1 , (b) claim 1 , (c) and/or (d) are/is neutralized with a base prior to the polymerization claim 1 , and/or the hybrid polymer after polymerization is neutralized with a base.3. The water-soluble and/or water-swellable hybrid polymer according to claim 2 , wherein the base is selected from bases comprising an ion selected from the group consisting of Li claim 2 , Na claim 2 , K claim 2 , Ca claim 2 , Mg claim 2 , ZnAland combinations thereof.4. The water-soluble and/or water-swellable hybrid polymer according to claim 1 , wherein the repeating units according to Formula (1) result from the incorporation of a monomer selected from the group consisting of acryloyldimethyltaurates claim 1 , acryloyl-1 claim 1 ,1-dimethyl-2-methyltaurates claim 1 , acryloyltaurates claim 1 , acryloyl-N-methyltaurates claim 1 , and combinations thereof.7. The water-soluble and/or water-swellable hybrid polymer according to claim 1 , wherein the hybrid polymer comprises at least 30 wt.-% polysaccharide polymer claim 1 , by total weight of the hybrid polymer.8. The water-soluble and/or water-swellable hybrid polymer according to claim 1 , wherein the crosslinking or branching units result from the incorporation of a crosslinker selected from the group consisting of methylenebisacrylamide; methylenebismethacrylamide; esters of unsaturated monocarboxylic and polycarboxylic acids with polyols claim 1 , allyl esters of phosphoric acid; and vinylphosphonic acid derivatives.9. The water-soluble and/or water-swellable hybrid polymer according to claim 1 , wherein the polysaccharide polymer is selected from the group consisting of xanthan gum claim 1 , carrageenan claim 1 , guar gum claim 1 , chitosan and alginate.10. The water-soluble and/or water-swellable hybrid polymer according to claim 1 , ...

Aryl/Alkyl Succinic Anhydride Hyaluronan Derivatives

The present invention relates to the modification of hyaluronic acid (HA) with aryl/alkyl succinic anhydrides (ASA) to produce aryl/alkyl succinic anhydride HA derivatives, to the derivatives as such, and to their applications and uses, particularly in the cosmetic and biomedical industries. The ASA-HA derivatives are expected to have interesting properties that can be used for advanced formulation (bind stronger to the skin compared to non-modified HA), possibly also in delivery systems for actives or drugs by encapsulation (nano/micro capsules) or formation of nano/micro spheres. Further, the low MW ASA-HA derivatives are expected to penetrate the skin more efficiently than non-modified HA of the same MW. 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein one of the R1 claim 1 , R2 claim 1 , R3 claim 1 , and R4 groups is an alkyl-succinic acid of formula (II).3. The process of claim 1 , wherein two of the R1 claim 1 , R2 claim 1 , R3 claim 1 , and R4 groups are an alkyl-succinic acid of formula (II).4. The process of claim 1 , wherein three of the R1 claim 1 , R2 claim 1 , R3 claim 1 , and R4 groups are an alkyl-succinic acid of formula (II).5. The process of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the R1 claim 1 , R2 claim 1 , R3 claim 1 , and R4 groups is an alkyl-succinic acid of formula (II) claim 1 , wherein the alkyl group is a C-Calkyl group.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the R1 claim 1 , R2 claim 1 , R3 claim 1 , and R4 groups is an alkyl-succinic acid of formula (II) claim 1 , wherein the alkyl group is a propyl claim 1 , 2-octenyl claim 1 , 2-dodecenyl claim 1 , 2-hexadecenyl claim 1 , or 2-octadecenyl group.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein one of the R1 claim 1 , R2 claim 1 , R3 claim 1 , and R4 groups is an aryl-succinic acid of formula (II).8. The process of claim 1 , wherein two of the R1 claim 1 , R2 claim 1 , R3 claim 1 , and R4 groups are an aryl-succinic acid of formula (II).9. The process of claim 1 , wherein three of the R1 claim 1 , R2 ...

CROSSLINKED HYALURONIC ACID, HYALURONIC ACID HYDROGEL, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING CROSSLINKED HYALURONIC ACID AND HYALURONIC ACID HYDROGEL

Provided are a crosslinked hyaluronic acid product in the form of powder and a method of preparing the same, and a crosslinked hyaluronic acid hydrogel prepared using the crosslinked hyaluronic acid product in the form of powder, and a method of preparing the same. The crosslinked hyaluronic acid hydrogel according to the present disclosure exhibits excellent rheological properties, and mass production thereof is easy and quality uniformity thereof is excellent. 1. A method of preparing a crosslinked hyaluronic acid product in the form of powder , the method comprising:preparing an aqueous solution comprising hyaluronic acid, a salt thereof, or a mixture thereof;adding a crosslinking agent to the aqueous solution to cause a crosslinking reaction of the hyaluronic acid to occur; andadding ethanol to the aqueous solution to solidify the hyaluronic acid into particles.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , when ethanol is added to the aqueous solution claim 1 , the ethanol is added at a rate of 20 mL/min to 1000 mL/min.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , when ethanol is added claim 1 , a rate of volume change of ethanol with respect to the total volume of the mixed solution is 0.5% (v/v)/min to 35% (v/v)/min.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the crosslinking agent is comprised in an amount of 10 μL to 500 μL with respect to 1 g of hyaluronic acid claim 1 , a salt thereof claim 1 , or a mixture thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein a volume ratio of the aqueous solution and ethanol added to the aqueous solution is 1:1 to 10.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising a crosslinking reaction of the aqueous solution comprising hyaluronic acid particles.7. The method of claim 1 ,further comprising washing the prepared crosslinked hyaluronic acid product with ethanol or a solution comprising ethanol.8. A crosslinked hyaluronic acid product in the form of powder claim 1 , prepared according to the method of .9. The crosslinked hyaluronic acid product ...

WATER-SOLUBLE HYDROGEL-BASED DENTAL COMPOSITION AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING SAME

Described herein are dental compositions, more particularly water soluble dental varnish composition useful for effective fluoridation, in situ biomimetic remineralization and improved adhesion to enamel. The dental composition includes a hydrogel-forming polymer having cohesive properties to itself and adhesive properties to a dental enamel. The hydrogel forming polymer includes a water-soluble polymer and an adhesion promotor chemically and/or physically conjugated to the water-soluble polymer. The embodiments also provide methods of forming a hydrogel forming polymer and use of hydrogel forming polymer to prepare such dental composition. 1. A method of forming a hydrogel-forming polymer having cohesive properties to itself and adhesive properties to dental enamel comprising conjugating an adhesion promoter to a water-soluble polymer in a presence of an antioxidant to form the hydrogel-forming polymer having cohesive properties to itself and adhesive properties to dental enamel , wherein the antioxidant prevents discoloration of the hydrogel-forming polymer having cohesive properties to itself and adhesive properties to dental enamel during the conjugating.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the water-soluble polymer contains at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid claim 1 , amine claim 1 , hydrazide claim 1 , thiol claim 1 , acrylic claim 1 , methacrylic claim 1 , and acrylamide.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the adhesion promotor contains at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of amine claim 1 , carboxylic acid claim 1 , thiol claim 1 , acrylic claim 1 , methacrylic claim 1 , and acrylamide group.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein conjugating the adhesion promoter to the water-soluble polymer occurs through an amidation reaction in an aqueous solution using a carbodiimide catalysis system in presence of a co-catalyst to form a reaction solution.5. The method ...

INJECTABLE MONOPHASE HYDROGELS

An injectable monophase hydrogel is provided that is made of a reaction mixture of hyaluronic acids having different molecular weights. 1. An injectable composition comprising a hyaluronic acid gel , the hyaluronic acid gel comprising:about 5% by weight to about 50% by weight of a first hyaluronic acid having an average molecular weight in the range of about 1.1×106 Da to about 5×106 Da; andabout 50% by weight to about 95% by weight of a second hyaluronic acid having an average molecular weight in the range of about 1×104 Da to about 9.9×105 Da;wherein the hyaluronic acid gel is crosslinked via covalent bonding between a bifunctional crosslinker and hydroxyl moieties of the first and second hyaluronic acids.2. The injectable composition of claim 1 , wherein the hyaluronic acid gel comprises about 5% by weight to about 30% by weight of the first hyaluronic acid.3. The injectable composition of claim 1 , wherein the hyaluronic acid gel comprises about 70% by weight to about 95% by weight of the second hyaluronic acid.4. The injectable composition of claim 1 , wherein the bifunctional crosslinker is selected from the group consisting of bifunctional crosslinking agents epichlorohydrin claim 1 , divinyl sulfone claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,4-bis(2 claim 1 ,3-epoxypropoxy)butane claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,4-bisglycidoxybutane claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE)) claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,2-bis(2 claim 1 ,3-epoxypropoxy)ethylene claim 1 , 1-(2 claim 1 ,3-epoxypropyl)-2 claim 1 ,3-epoxycyclohexane claim 1 , formaldehyde claim 1 , glutaraldehyde claim 1 , and crotonaldehyde.5. The injectable composition of claim 4 , wherein the bifunctional crosslinker is (BDDE).6. The injectable composition of having a concentration of hyaluronic acid gel of between 10 and 40 mg/g.7. The injectable composition of having a concentration of hyaluronic acid gel of between 20 and 30 mg/g.8. The injectable composition of having a concentration of hyaluronic acid gel of 26 mg/g.9. The ...

COHERENT BLOOD COAGULATION STRUCTURE OF WATER-INSOLUBLE CHITOSAN AND WATER-DISPERSIBLE STARCH COATING

An absorbent layer for moderating blood flow from a wound has a non-woven fabric layer of water-insoluble chitosan fibers having a coating of water-absorbent starch on at least one face of the fabric layer. The coating of water-absorbent starch penetrates into the fabric layer from a first surface over the chitosan fibers to a depth of at least 25% of the fabric layer of chitosan fibers. The chitosan fibers have average diameters of from 5 to 30 micrometers. The average weight of starch/chitosan may decrease from the first surface from which the starch has penetrated into the fabric to the depth of at least 50% of the fabric layer. The starch may be modified to include hydrophilic groups into or onto molecular chains of the starch. 1. An absorbent layer comprising a non-woven fabric layer of water-insoluble chitosan fibers having a coating of water-absorbent starch on at least one face of the fabric layer.2. The layer of wherein the coating of water-absorbent starch penetrates into the fabric layer from a first surface over the chitosan fibers to a depth of at least 25% of the fabric layer of chitosan fibers.3. The layer of wherein the chitosan fibers have average diameters of from 5 to 30 micrometers.4. The layer of wherein the chitosan fibers have average diameters of from 8 to 25 micrometers.5. The layer of wherein the chitosan fibers have average diameters of from 10 to 20 micrometers.6. The layer of wherein the chitosan fibers have average diameters of from 8 to 25 micrometers.7. The layer of wherein the coating of water-absorbent starch penetrates from a first surface into the fabric layer over the chitosan fibers to a depth of at least 50% of the fabric layer of chitosan fibers towards a second surface of the layer.8. The layer of wherein the coating of water-absorbent starch penetrates from a first surface into the fabric layer over the chitosan fibers to a depth of at least 50% of the fabric layer of chitosan fibers towards a second surface of the layer.9. ...

Glucose-responsive artificial muscle and manufacturing method therefor

The present invention relates to a glucose-reactive artificial muscle, and more particularly, to a carbon nanotube, a hydrogel-based glucose-reactive artificial muscle which has a reversible volume change due to variations in glucose concentration, a method of forming the same, a rotary artificial muscle using the same, and a method of detecting glucose. The glucose-reactive artificial muscle according to the present invention may sense variations in glucose concentration with high sensitivity within a short time by providing reversible twisting using the swelling and shrinkage of hydrogels, which occur due to a change in internal anionic charges, caused by the bonding between a boronic acid introduced to the hydrogels and glucose.

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING MICRONEEDLE BY USING BIOCOMPATIBLE POLYMER

A method of manufacturing a biocompatible polymer-based microneedle, the method comprising: (a) a primary filling step of covering, by stoppers, upper sides of multiple holes, which are formed to be spaced apart from one another, penetrate a mold, and each have a conical shape, and injecting a biocompatible polymer solution containing an appropriate amount of active ingredient by using filling needles; (b) a secondary filling step of injecting a biocompatible polymer solution containing an excipient by using the filling needles; (c) a step of solidifying the biocompatible polymer solution; and (d) a step of attaching a pad to an upper portion of the mold and then detaching the pad from the mold. The microneedle manufactured by the present invention may solve problems of degeneration of medicine, insufficient hardness, and a loss of medicine caused by a complicated process and a long manufacturing time. 1. A method of manufacturing a biocompatible polymer-based microneedle , the method comprising:(a) a primary filling step of covering, by stoppers, upper sides of multiple holes, which are formed to be spaced apart from one another, penetrate a mold, and each have a conical shape, and injecting a biocompatible polymer solution containing an appropriate amount of active ingredient by using filling needles;(b) a secondary filling step of injecting a biocompatible polymer solution containing an excipient by using the filling needles;(c) a step of solidifying the biocompatible polymer solution; and(d) a step of attaching a pad to an upper portion of the mold and then detaching the pad from the mold.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a vacuum is formed at lower sides of the holes while injecting the biocompatible polymer solution in the primary filling step (a).3. A method of manufacturing a biocompatible polymer-based microneedle claim 1 , the method comprising:(a) a primary filling step of positioning a pad at a lower side of a bottom of a mold having multiple ...

CONTACT LENS WITH A HYDROPHILIC LAYER

Embodiments of the technology relate to a contact lens having a core that is covalently coated by a hydrogel layer, and to methods of making such a lens. In one aspect, embodiments provide for a coated contact lens comprising a lens core comprising an outer surface; and a hydrogel layer covalently attached to at least a portion of the outer surface, the hydrogel layer adapted to contact an ophthalmic surface, wherein the hydrogel layer comprises a hydrophilic polymer population having a first PEG species and a second PEG species, the first PEG species being at least partially cross-linked to the second PEG species. 2. The coated contact lens of claim 1 , wherein the second polymer species is polyacrylamide.3. The coated contact lens of claim 1 , wherein the hydrogel layer is covalently attached to the core by a sulfonyl moiety claim 1 , a thioether moiety claim 1 , an amine moiety claim 1 , or any combination thereof.4. The coated contact lens of claim 1 , wherein the hydrogel layer comprises a thickness between 0.01 microns and 0.05 microns.5. The coated contact lens of claim 1 , wherein one or more of the polyethylene glycol and the second polymer species is a branched species having a branch count between two to twelve branch arms.6. The coated contact lens of claim 1 , wherein one or more of the polyethylene glycol and the second polymer species comprises starred branching.7. The coated contact lens of claim 1 , wherein the coated contact lens is characterized as comprising an advancing contact angle between 20 degrees to 50 degrees.8. The coated contact lens of claim 1 , wherein the coated contact lens is characterized as comprising an advancing contact angle between 25 degrees to 35 degrees.9. The coated contact lens of claim 1 , wherein the hydrogel layer comprises between 80% to 98% water by weight.11. The coated contact lens of claim 10 , wherein the second polymer species comprises a second polyacrylamide species.12. The coated contact lens of claim 10 , ...

BIOSOURCED POLYMER FOR MANUFACTURING, VIA CATALYTIC CARBONATION, A NON-BITUMINOUS POLYHYDROXYURETHANE BINDER FOR ROADWAY OR CIVIL ENGINEERING-RELATED USES

The invention relates to a biosourced polymer obtained by dual chemical functionalization of chitosan, usable for catalytic carbonation of cyclic ethers by means of carbon dioxide, and a binder composition for creating layers and/or coatings for road construction and/or civil engineering, marking materials, or sealing or insulation materials. Said composition contains a polyhydroxyurethane polymer binder resulting from the reaction of at least one polyamine with at least one polycyclocarbonate. Said polycyclocarbonate was obtained by carbonating a (cyclic) poly(ether) with carbon dioxide catalyzed by said biosourced polymer. 115-. (canceled)17. Biosourced polymer according to claim 16 , wherein GA is the carboxylate group.18. Biosourced polymer according to claim 16 , wherein GC is a quaternary ammonium group.20. Biosourced polymer according to claim 16 , wherein M represents K and X represents I.21. Binder composition for making road construction and/or civil engineering layers and/or coatings claim 16 , marking products claim 16 , or sealants or insulating products claim 16 , comprising a polymer binder of polyhydroxyurethane nature claim 16 , derived from the reaction of at least one polyamine with at least one polycyclocarbonate claim 16 , wherein the polycyclocarbonate was obtained by carbonation of a poly(cyclic ether) with carbon dioxide catalyzed by a biosourced polymer according to .22. Binder composition according to claim 21 , wherein the poly(cyclic ether) is a poly(epoxide).23. Binder composition according to claim 22 , wherein the poly(cyclic ether) is a diepoxide.24. Binder composition according to claim 21 , wherein the polyamine is a diamine and the polycyclocarbonate is a dicyclocarbonate.25. Binder composition according to claim 21 , wherein the cyclocarbonate groups of the polycyclocarbonate are a 5 or 6-membered ring.26. Binder composition according to claim 21 , wherein the polyhydroxyurethane was formed without using isocyanate reagents.27. ...

SPRAYABLE POLYMERS AS ADHESION BARRIERS

A formulation for generating an adhesion barrier that includes a plurality of particles or a dry powder that is made of a polymer combination of at least one biodegradable polymer and at least one water soluble polymer is disclosed. Methods of making and delivering the formulation are further disclosed. The formulation of particles is deposited on a surface of internal body tissue and the deposited formulation absorbs moisture from the tissue and forms a film over the surface. The film acts as an adhesion barrier by reducing or preventing adhesion of the surface to other body tissue. 127-. (canceled)29. The formulation of claim 28 , wherein the particles swell and overlap when the particles absorb moisture claim 28 , wherein the swelling and overlap facilitates the formation of the film that reduces or prevents the adhesion.30. The formulation of claim 28 , wherein the plurality of particles is uniformly suspended in a liquid claim 28 , wherein the liquid has a boiling point below 0° C.31. The formulation of claim 28 , wherein when exposed to moisture claim 28 , the particles absorb between 1 to 80 wt % water.32. The formulation of claim 28 , wherein the film loses strength at a time between 30-60 days after the absorption of the moisture.33. The formulation of claim 28 , further comprising a therapeutic agent selected from the group consisting of an anti-inflammatory claim 28 , anti-infective claim 28 , hemostatic claim 28 , chemotherapeutic claim 28 , and any combination thereof.34. The formulation of claim 33 , wherein the anti-inflammatory agent is a corticosteroid.35. The formulation of claim 28 , wherein the particles comprise PLGA claim 28 , wherein the ratio of L-lactide to glycolide in the PLGA is from 10/90 to 85/15.36. The formulation of claim 28 , whereinthe PLGA is between about 10% to about 90% and the alginate is between about 10% to about 90%,the PLGA is between about 10% to about 90% and the PVP is between about 10% to about 90%,the PLGA is between ...

Polysaccharide derivative having membrane-permeable peptide chain

A polysaccharide derivative has a partial structure represented by Formula (1) below. It is preferable that at least one of the amino acids that constitute X 2 in Formula (1) below is a basic amino acid. (In the formula, X 1 represents a residue obtained by removing the terminal amino group and the terminal carboxyl group from a neutral amino acid or an ω-aminoalkanoic acid, X 2 represents a residue obtained by removing the terminal amino group and the terminal carboxyl group from a membrane-permeable peptide, X 3 represents a hydroxyl group, an amino group, an alkoxyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a benzyloxy group, a represents a number of 0 or 1, and b represents a number of from 0 to 50.)

Chitin nanowhisker composites and methods

A composite is provided that is formed by melt-blending particles of thermoplastic polymer that have been coated with a chitin nanowhisker gel, wherein the thermoplastic polymer comprises polycarbonate, A composite comprising chitin nanowhiskers dispersed in polycarbonate is also provided.

siRNA DELIVERY SYSTEM COMPOUND AS WELL AS PREPARATION METHOD AND APPLICATION THEREOF

The invention relates to the technical field of gene treatment and nano targeted delivery, in particular to a siRNA delivery system compound as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps of reacting Boc-protected histidine with cholesterol to generate Boc-protected histidine cholesteryl ester, and removing BOC-released protected amino in trifluoroacetic acid to generate histidine cholesteryl ester; then, enabling amino to react with carboxyl of carboxymethyl chitosan to modify long-chain carboxymethyl chitosan to generate carboxymethyl chitosan modified by histidine cholesteryl ester, and performing targeted labeling on carboxymethyl chitosan modified by histidine cholesteryl ester to generate a carboxymethyl chitosan high-molecular compound modified by histidine cholesteryl ester and a targeted marker together, then forming a stable spherical delivery vector through self-assembly above critical micelle concentration, and mixing the stable spherical delivery vector with siRNA (small interfering ribonucleic acid) to obtain the siRNA delivery system compound.

RESORBABLE IMPLANTABLE DEVICE BASED ON CROSSLINKED GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS, AND PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION THEREOF

Disclosed is a process for the preparation of hydrogels consisting of crosslinked glycosaminoglycans, which comprises: a) reacting at least one hybrid cooperative complex obtained by heating aqueous solutions of low- and high-molecular-weight glycosaminoglycans at 80-160° C. with a diepoxide as crosslinker in a ratio with the complex ranging between 0.1 and 1 equivalents, preferably between 0.2 and 0.4 equivalents, the concentration by weight of the complex in the solution ranging between 1% and 15%, preferably between 2% and 10%; b) purifying by dialysis, ultrafiltration and diafiltration. 1. A process for the preparation of hydrogels consisting of crosslinked glycosaminoglycans which comprises:a) reacting an aqueous solution of at least one hybrid cooperative complex between a first component selected from low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid, chondroitin and chondroitin sulphate and a second component consisting of high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid with a diepoxide as crosslinker in an 0.1 to 1 equivalent ratio to the complex, the weight concentration of the complex in the solution ranging from 1% to 15%;b) purifying by dialysis, ultrafiltration and diafiltration,wherein: the concentration by weight of the first component with low molecular weight ranges between 0.1 and 50%, and the concentration by weight of the second component with high molecular weight ranges between 0.01 and 10%;', 'wherein the molecular weight of the low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid ranges from 50·103 Da to 900·103 Da, the molecular weight of the chondroitin or chondroitin sulphate ranges from 5000 to 150,000 Da, and the molecular weight of the high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid ranges from 1·106 Da to 3·106 Da (MW obtained by SEC and/or SEC-TDA)., 'the hybrid cooperative complex is prepared by subjecting the aqueous solution of a mixture of said first and second components to heat treatment at 80-160° C. for a time ranging between 10 and 30 minutes, followed by cooling to 20-25° ...

Ethylsulfonated hyaluronic acid biopolymers and methods of use thereof

The present disclosure provides methods for sulfonation of hyaluronic acid. The present disclosure provides sulfonated hyaluronic acid, and compositions, including pharmaceutical compositions, comprising the sulfonated hyaluronic acid. The present disclosure provides implantable materials and drug delivery compositions comprising a subject sulfonated hyaluronic acid.

OMNIPHILIC NANO-VESICLES BASED ON MODIFIED POLYSACCHARIDES FOR DELIVERY OF ACTIVE AGENTS

The present invention relates to modified polysaccharide-based self-assembled aggregates capable to encapsulate and deliver active agents into and between media of different hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity. 1. An amphiphilic aggregate comprising an ionic polysaccharide modified by covalently linked moieties that contain aliphatic chains comprising between 2 and 26 carbon atoms and degree of substitution with aliphatic moieties constitutes between 0.5 and 70% , said modified polymer exhibiting a critical aggregate concentration (CAC) of between 0.00005 and 2 mg/ml.2. The aggregate of claim 1 , wherein said moiety is linked via a bond selected from the group consisting of amine bond claim 1 , amide bond claim 1 , N-imine bond claim 1 , ester bond claim 1 , and ether bond.3. The aggregate of claim 1 , wherein said modified polysaccharide complies with the Rhodamine test.4. A delivery system comprising an amphiphilic aggregate essentially consisting of a modified polysaccharide complying with the Rhodamine test.5. The delivery system of claim 4 , wherein said polysaccharide is modified by covalently linked moieties that contain aliphatic chains comprising between 2 and 26 carbon atoms linked via a bond selected from the group consisting of amine bond claim 4 , amide bond claim 4 , N-imine bond claim 4 , ester bond claim 4 , and ether bond.6. The delivery system of claim 5 , wherein said degree of substitution with aliphatic moieties constitutes between 0.5 and 70% claim 5 , said modified polymer exhibiting a critical aggregate concentration (CAC) of between 0.00005 and 2 mg/ml.7. The delivery system of claim 4 , configured for delivering hydrophobic and hydrophilic agents into or between hydrophilic and lipophilic environments. The present invention relates to modified polysaccharide-based aggregates capable to deliver active agents into and between media of different hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity. Particularly, the invention relates to aggregates which spontaneously self ...

EXTRACTION METHOD OF CHITIN NANOCRYSTALS USING ELECTRON BEAM IRRADIATION AND CHITIN NANOCRYSTAL POWDER

The present disclosure relates to a method for extracting chitin nanocrystals through electron beam irradiation comprising the steps of: (i) irradiating a chitin-based solid material with an electron beam; (ii) washing the chitin-based solid material subjected to electron beam irradiation; (iii) adding a basic solution to the washed chitin-based solid material; (iv) high-pressure homogenizing the chitin-based solid material dispersed in an aqueous system to which the basic solution is added, to prepare a suspension containing chitin nanocrystals. 1. A method for extracting chitin nanocrystals through electron beam irradiation comprising the steps of:(i) irradiating a chitin-based solid material with an electron beam;(ii) washing the chitin-based solid material subjected to electron beam irradiation;(iii) adding a basic solution to the washed chitin-based solid material;(iv) high-pressure homogenizing the chitin-based solid material dispersed in an aqueous system to which the basic solution is added, to prepare a suspension containing chitin nanocrystals.2. A method for extracting chitin nanocrystals through electron beam irradiation comprising the steps of:(a) irradiating a chitin-based solid material with an electron beam;(b) washing the chitin-based solid material subjected to electron beam irradiation;(c) adding a basic solution to the washed chitin-based solid material;(d) high-pressure homogenizing the chitin-based solid material dispersed in an aqueous system to which the basic solution is added, to prepare a suspension containing chitin nanocrystals.(e) neutralizing suspension containing chitin nanocrystals; and(f) drying the neutralized suspension to obtain a chitin nanocrystal powder.3. The method for extracting chitin nanocrystals through electron beam irradiation according to claim 1 ,wherein the electron beam irradiation dose is 1000 to 3000 KGy.4. The method for extracting chitin nanocrystals through electron beam irradiation according to claim 1 ,{'sup ...

TEMPERATURE SENSITIVE HYDROGEL COMPOSITION INCLUDING NUCLEIC ACID AND CHITOSAN

The present invention provides a temperature sensitive hydrogel composition including a nucleic acid and chitosan. Since the hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility and biostability, and simultaneously has sol-gel phase transition properties depending on temperature changes, the hydrogel is present in a sol state at room temperature and becomes a gel when the hydrogel is injected into the human body or applied on the surface of epithelial skin and the temperature increases. Thus, the temperature-sensitive hydrogel of the present invention can be directly injected into and applied on certain parts requiring treatment and the retention and attaching time of a drug is increased through gelation depending on the temperature so that drug efficacy is sufficiently exhibited. Therefore, it is expected that the temperature-sensitive hydrogel of the present invention can be utilized for various treatments. 1. A temperature-sensitive hydrogel composition containing a nucleic acid and chitosan , wherein the weight ratio of the nucleic acid and the chitosan is 20:1 to 10000:1.2. The temperature-sensitive hydrogel composition of claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of the nucleic acid and the chitosan is 50:1 to 2000:1.3. The temperature-sensitive hydrogel composition of claim 2 , wherein the weight ratio of the nucleic acid and the chitosan is 100:1 to 1000:1.4. The temperature-sensitive hydrogel composition of claim 1 , wherein the content of the nucleic acid is 0.01 wt % to 3 wt % relative to the total weight of the composition.5. The temperature-sensitive hydrogel composition of claim 4 , wherein the nucleic acid is deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) claim 4 , ribonucleic acid (RNA) claim 4 , or a mixture thereof.6. The temperature-sensitive hydrogel composition of claim 1 , wherein the content of the chitosan is 1×10wt % to 0.15 wt % relative to the total weight of the composition.7. The temperature-sensitive hydrogel composition of claim 6 , wherein the molecular weight of the ...

METHOD FOR TREATING ACTIVE BLEEDING USING BIOCOMPATIBLE HEMOSTATIC AND SEALANT COMPOSITIONS

The present specification describes a biocompatible hemostatic composition and a biocompatible tissue sealant, which when used in combination provides a safe and effective method of achieving hemostasis. The biocompatible composition and sealant may be applied either on a surface of the patient's body, or inside the body cavity. The combination may be used to control bleeding from external wounds and internal injuries, as well as to minimize bleeding during surgical procedures. 1. A method of using a combination of a biocompatible hemostatic product and a biocompatible sealant product to treat a bleeding wound within or on a mammal , comprising:applying a first amount of said biocompatible hemostatic product to said bleeding wound; and,applying a second amount of said biocompatible sealant product to the bleeding wound, wherein said first amount and said second amount in combination are sufficient to cause at least one of: hemostasis in said bleeding wound, wound sealing in said wound, reducing exudation of said bleeding wound, promoting tissue healing of said wound, protecting a surface of said wound, and avoiding infection of said wound.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said biocompatible hemostatic product comprises at least one of a biocompatible hydrophilic hemostatic modified starch claim 1 , cellulose claim 1 , cellulose derivatives claim 1 , chitosan claim 1 , chitosan derivatives claim 1 , alginate and alginate derivatives.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said biocompatible sealant product comprises at least one of:at least one of a biocompatible modified starch gel, a polysaccharide glue, a fibrin glue, a thrombin glue, and a bioglue; andat least one sugar selected from polysaccharides, oligosaccharides and oligosaccharides, such as Pullulan polysaccharide, maltose, pre-gelatinized starch, Dextran, hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate, sodium carboxymethyl starch, crosslinked carboxymethyl starch, hydroxyethyl starch, oxidized starch, and grafted starch.4. ...

MEDICAL COMPOSITIONS BASED ON CROSSLINKABLE HYDROPHILIC POLYMERS

In accordance with some aspects, the present disclosure is directed to medical compositions that comprises (a) a first hydrophilic polymer functionalized with a plurality of first functional groups and (b) a second hydrophilic polymer functionalized with a plurality of second functional groups, wherein the first and second functional groups are selected to react and form covalent bonds upon a change in conditions such that the first and second hydrophilic polymers crosslink with one another. In other aspects the present disclosure is directed to kits that comprise such medical compositions and to medical procedures that utilize such medical compositions. 1. A medical composition comprising (a) a first hydrophilic polymer functionalized with a plurality of first functional groups and (b) a second hydrophilic polymer functionalized with a plurality of second functional groups , wherein the first and second functional groups are selected to react and form covalent bonds upon a change in conditions such that the first and second hydrophilic polymers crosslink with one another.2. The medical composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is a first composition that comprises a mixture of the first and second hydrophilic polymers claim 1 , and wherein said change in conditions is a change in pH.3. The medical composition of claim 2 , wherein the first and second hydrophilic polymers crosslink with one another when a pH of an environment surrounding the mixture of the first and second hydrophilic polymers has a pH value ranging from 7 to 9.4. The medical composition of claim 2 , wherein the first and second hydrophilic polymers crosslink with one another at a rate such that the mixture becomes a non-free-flowing gel in less than 5 minutes at body temperature.5. The medical composition of claim 1 , wherein first functional groups comprise succinimidyl groups and the second functional groups comprise primary amine groups.6. The medical composition of claim 5 , wherein the ...

CHEMICAL PULPING OF CHITINOUS BIOMASS FOR CHITIN

Methods of separating chitin from a chitinous biomass that contains chitin and non-chitin material by a chemical pulping process that uses a protic ionic liquid or a composition comprising acid and base precursor molecules are described. Also described are methods for purifying chemically pulped chitin resulting in a pure chitin material with a high molecular weight and a higher degree of acetylation in comparison to traditional pulping and ionic liquid extraction based methods. 1. A method for separating chitin from a chitinous biomass that contains chitin and non-chitin material , comprising: contacting the chitinous biomass with a protic ionic liquid to form a mixture , wherein a majority of the non-chitin material from the chitinous biomass is removed from the chitinous biomass by the ionic liquid , and a majority of the chitin from the chitinous biomass is not dissolved in the ionic liquid and forms a residue; wherein about 30 wt. % or more of the residue is chitin.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the residue is about 70 wt. % or more chitin.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the residue is greater than about 99 wt. % chitin.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the chitinous biomass comprises an arthropod biomass claim 1 , a fungi biomass claim 1 , or a combination thereof.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the arthropod biomass comprises the exoskeleton of an arthropod chosen from shrimp claim 4 , crab claim 4 , lobster claim 4 , insect claim 4 , and any combination thereof.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the protic ionic liquid comprises at least one cation chosen from ammonium claim 1 , hydroxylammonium claim 1 , 2-hydroxyethylammonium claim 1 , piperidinium claim 1 , imidazolium claim 1 , pyrroldinium claim 1 , morpholinium claim 1 , and protonated amino acids.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the protic ionic liquid comprises at least one anion chosen from halide claim 1 , acetate claim 1 , and alkyl carboxylate.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ...

DUALLY DERIVATIZED CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLES AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING THE SAME FOR GENE TRANSFER IN VIVO

Provided herein is chitosan dually derivatized with arginine and gluconic acid; and methods of making and using the same, e.g., for gene delivery in vivo. 114.-. (canceled)15. A method of delivering a nucleic acid to a subject in need thereof comprising administering to the subject a dually derivatized (DD) chitosan nucleic acid polyplex , wherein said DD chitosan nucleic acid polyplex comprises a nucleic acid complexed with a chitosan-derivative nanoparticle comprising chitosan coupled with gluconic acid and arginine.16. The method of claim 15 , wherein said nanoparticle comprises arginine at a concentration of about 10% to about 55%.17. The method of claim 15 , wherein said nanoparticle comprises gluconic acid at an initial concentration of about 8% to about 30%.18. The method of claim 15 , wherein said nanoparticle comprises gluconic acid at a final functionalization of about 3% to about 10%.19. The method of claim 15 , wherein said DD chitosan nucleic acid polyplex has a combined degree of functionalization with said arginine and said gluconic acid of 1-60%.20. The method of claim 19 , wherein said DD chitosan nucleic acid polyplex has a combined degree of functionalization with said arginine and said gluconic acid of 1-30%.21. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the amine to phosphate ratio of said DD-chitosan nucleic acid polyplex is between 2 to 100.22. The method according to claim 21 , wherein the amine to phosphate ratio of said DD-chitosan nucleic acid polyplex is between 2 to 50.23. The method according to claim 22 , wherein the amine to phosphate ratio of said DD-chitosan nucleic acid polyplex is between 2 to 30.24. The method according to claim 23 , wherein the amine to phosphate ratio of said DD-chitosan nucleic acid polyplex is between 2 to 15.25. The method according to claim 15 , wherein said DD-chitosan nucleic acid polyplex has a molar ratio of said arginine to said gluconic acid of between 100:1 and 1:100.26. The method according to claim ...

Biodegradable microspheres incorporating radionuclides

A crosslinked CCN/CMC microsphere comprising a stably incorporated radionuclide. The microsphere can be prepared by droplet microfluidics and used in a method for radiation treatment comprising the administration of microspheres with incorporated radionuclide.

INJECTABLE MONOPHASE HYDROGELS

An injectable monophase hydrogel is provided and is made of a reaction mixture of a high molecular weight hyaluronic acid and a low molecular weight hyaluronic acid. 1. An injectable product useful as a filling material in plastic or cosmetic surgery , the hydrogel comprising:a homogenous, monophase injectable hydrogel comprising crosslinked hyaluronic acid and made from a reaction mixture comprising a low molecular weight hyaluronic acid and a high molecular weight hyaluronic acid.2. The product of wherein the low molecular weight hyaluronic acid has a molecular weight m of ≦9.9×10Da.3. The product of wherein the low molecular weight hyaluronic acid has a molecular weight m of 10Da≦m 9.9×10Da.4. The product of wherein the high molecular weight hyaluronic acid has a molecular weight M of ≧10Da.5. The product of wherein the high molecular weight hyaluronic acid has a molecular weight M of 10Da≦M≦10Da.6. The product of wherein the high molecular weight hyaluronic acid has a molecular weight M of 1.1×10Da≦M≦5×10Da.7. The product of wherein the reaction mixture has an intrinsic viscosity of less than 1900 ml/g.8. The product of wherein the reaction mixture contains more than 50% by weight of the low molecular weight hyaluronic acid.9. The product of wherein the reaction mixture contains more than 70% by weight of the low molecular weight hyaluronic acid.10. The product of wherein the reaction mixture contains 90% by weight of the low molecular weight hyaluronic acid.11. The product of wherein the reaction mixture contains at least 5% by weight of the high molecular weight hyaluronic acid.12. The product of that is manually injectable through a hypodermic needle having a needle gauge selected from one of 30 G claim 1 , 27 G claim 1 , 26 G and 25 G.13. The product of that is injectable through a hypodermic needle of 27 G.14. The product of having a hyaluronic acid concentration between 10 mg/g and 40 mg/g.15. The product of having a hyaluronic acid concentration between ...

SPRAYABLE POLYMERS AS ADHESION BARRIERS

A formulation for generating an adhesion barrier that includes a plurality of particles or a dry powder that is made of a polymer combination of at least one biodegradable polymer and at least one water soluble polymer is disclosed. Methods of making and delivering the formulation are further disclosed. The formulation of particles is deposited on a surface of internal body tissue and the deposited formulation absorbs moisture from the tissue and forms a film over the surface. The film acts as an adhesion barrier by reducing or preventing adhesion of the surface to other body tissue. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. The formulation of claim 17 , wherein a mean size of the plurality of particles is between 700 nm and 200 microns.4. (canceled)5. The formulation of claim 17 , wherein the plurality of particles is uniformly suspended in a liquid claim 17 , wherein the liquid has a boiling point below 0° C.6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. (canceled)13. (canceled)14. The formulation of claim 17 , wherein the polymer combination is selected from the group consisting of 70/30 PLGA and PVA; chitosan and PVA; and Chitosan claim 17 , PVP claim 17 , and PLGA.15. The formulation of claim 17 , wherein the plurality of particles further comprise a therapeutic agent selected from the group consisting of an anti-inflammatory claim 17 , anti-infective claim 17 , hemostatic claim 17 , chemotherapeutic claim 17 , and any combination thereof.16. The formulation of claim 17 , wherein the film loses strength at a time between 30-60 days after the absorption of the moisture.17. A biodegradable film formed from a formulation consisting essentially of: 'the formulation is capable of absorbing moisture from a body tissue to which it is applied thus forming, by swelling and overlapping of the particles, the film on the tissue surface.', 'a plurality of dry particles consisting essentially of a polymer combination, wherein the polymer combination ...

Methods and Compositions Comprising Hyaluronan for Enhancing Bone Marrow Cell Therapy

Disclosed herein are methods and compositions for treating cardiovascular disease and damaged cardiac tissue which employ at least one hyaluronan (HA) compound and one or more cells selected from the group consisting of stem cells, precursor cells, progenitor cells, committed cells, mature somatic cells, and recombinant cells. 1. A composition for treating a cardiovascular disease or damaged cardiac tissue in a subject comprising:at least one hyaluronan (HA) compound and one or more cells selected from the group consisting of stem cells, precursor cells, progenitor cells, committed cells, mature somatic cells, and recombinant cells,{'sup': 4', '8, 'wherein the molecular weight of the HA is less than 1500 kDa, the amount of the at least one HA compound is about 0.01 to about 10 mg/kg body weight of the subject and the amount of the one or more cells is about 1×10to about 1×10cell/kg body weight of the subject.'}2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one HA compound is about 1-5% by weight of the composition; andwherein the at least one HA compound and the one or more cells is formulated as a single dosage volume of about 100 to about 2000 μL.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more cells are hematopoietic stem cells claim 1 , mesenchymal stem cells claim 1 , endothelial stem cells claim 1 , and/or blood cells.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more cells are autologous cells to the subject or allogeneic cells from one or more donors.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more cells are myofibroblasts claim 1 , bone marrow cells claim 1 , blood cells claim 1 , adipose tissue-derived cells claim 1 , placental cells claim 1 , umbilical cord cells claim 1 , umbilical cord blood cells claim 1 , amniotic fluid cells claim 1 , cardiomyocyte-like cells claim 1 , pluripotent stem cell-derived cells claim 1 , or somatic cell-derived stem/progenitor cells.6. The composition of claim 1 , which is formulated for ...

DUALLY DERIVATIZED CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLES AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING THE SAME FOR GENE TRANSFER IN VIVO

Provided herein is chitosan-derivative nanoparticle comprising chitosan functionalized with a cationic amino acid and a hydrophilic polyol; and methods of making and using same, e.g., for gene delivery in vivo. 119-. (canceled)21. The method of claim 20 , wherein said hydrophilic polyol of the chitosan-derivative nanoparticle has a carboxyl group.22. The method of claim 21 , wherein said hydrophilic polyol is threonic acid.23. The method of claim 20 , wherein said hydrophilic polyol of said chitosan-derivative nanoparticle is a saccharide selected from the group consisting of glyceraldehyde claim 20 , threose claim 20 , erythrose claim 20 , ribose claim 20 , arabinose claim 20 , xylose claim 20 , lyxose claim 20 , allose claim 20 , glucose claim 20 , altrose claim 20 , mannose claim 20 , gulose claim 20 , idose claim 20 , galactose claim 20 , and talose.24. The method of claim 20 , wherein said hydrophilic polyol of said chitosan-derivative nanoparticle is selected from the group consisting of 2 claim 20 ,3-dihydroxylpropanoic acid; 2 claim 20 ,3 claim 20 ,4 claim 20 ,5 claim 20 ,6 claim 20 ,7-hexahydroxylheptanal; 2 claim 20 ,3 claim 20 ,4 claim 20 ,5 claim 20 ,6-pentahydroxylhexanal; 2 claim 20 ,3 claim 20 ,4 claim 20 ,5-tetrahydroxylhexanal; and 2 claim 20 ,3-dihydroxylpropanal.25. The method of claim 20 , wherein said hydrophilic polyol is glucose.26. The method of claim 20 , wherein said chitosan-derivative nanoparticle has an Arg final functionalization degree:HP final functionalization degree ratio between 1:1 to 10:1.27. The method according to claim 26 , wherein said Arg final functionalization degree:HP final functionalization degree ratio is between 3:1 to 7:1.28. The method according to claim 28 , wherein said Arg final functionalization degree:HP final functionalization degree ratio is 5:1.29. The method of claim 20 , wherein the amine to phosphate ratio of said DD-chitosan nucleic acid polyplex is between 2 to 100 claim 20 , between 2 to 50 claim 20 , ...

METHOD OF CROSSLINKING GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS

A new hydrogel made of crosslinked glycosaminoglycans, particularly crosslinked hyaluronic acid, chondroitin or chondroitin sulfate, having reversible linkages using boronic acid or boroxole derivatives leading to new benefits. Glycosaminoglycans that are crosslinked via an alkoxyboronate ester anion formed between a diol portion of a diol-functional moiety grafted to a first glycosaminoglycan and a boronate hemiester grafted to a second glycosaminoglycan. 1. A fructose modified hyaluronic acid.3. Crosslinked hyaluronic acids , crosslinked via a phenylboronic acid crosslinker formed between a fructose moiety of a fructose modified hyaluronic acid and a phenylboronic acid grafted to a second hyaluronic acid.5. A method of crosslinking a first hyaluronic acid grafted with a fructose moiety and a second hyaluronic acid grafted with a phenylboronic acid , the method comprising crosslinking the first hyaluronic acid with the second hyaluronic acid by forming a phenylboronic acid crosslinker between the phenylboronic acid of the second hyaluronic acid and the fructose moiety of the first hyaluronic acid grafted with a fructose moiety.7. Crosslinked hyaluronic acids produced according to the method according to .8. Crosslinked hyaluronic acids produced according to the method according to .9. A polymer composition claim 3 , comprising crosslinked hyaluronic acids according to and an aqueous buffer.10. The polymer composition comprising crosslinked hyaluronic acids according to and an aqueous buffer. This application is a continuation application of U.S. Ser. No. 16/322,615 filed Feb. 1, 2019, which application is a U.S. National Stage of PCT/EP2017/069574, filed Aug. 2, 2017, which application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/370,479, filed Aug. 3, 2016; and European Patent Application No. 16206624.5, filed Dec. 23, 2016, each hereby expressly incorporated by reference in its entirety and each assigned to the assignee hereof.The ...

Antibodies Targeted to Fungal Cell Wall Polysaccharides

A compound comprising one or more polysaccharide moieties each independently represented by the formula β(1→4)-[GlcNH—R]-2,5-anhydromannose, wherein n is a positive integer from 3 to 500, and R is H or an acyl group, is described. The compound can be manufactured by (a) reacting chitosan with an acylating agent sufficient to partially N-acylate the chitosan, yielding a modified chitin/chitosan mixed polymer; and (b) reacting the modified chitin/chitosan mixed polymer with a deaminating agent to cleave the mixed polymer at the unacylated chitosan moieties. The compound can be used to immunize against fungal infection. Antibodies specific to the compound, and the use of such antibodies to protect against fungal infection are also described. 1. A method of immunizing a mammalian subject against a fungal pathogen , comprising administering to the subject an immunogenic amount of a compound , wherein the compound comprises:{'sub': 'n', 'one or more polysaccharide moieties, each independently represented by the formula β(1→4)-[GlcNH—R]-2,5-anhydromannose, wherein n is a positive integer from 3 to 500, R is H or an acyl group, and the one or more polysaccharide moieties are chitin/chitosan mixed polymers;'}and an immunogenic carrier protein covalently linked to the one or more polysaccharide moieties at the anhydromannose group of the polysaccharide moieties.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein n is a positive integer from 3 to 100.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein n is a positive integer from 6 to 50.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acyl group R is an acetyl group.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least 30% of the acyl groups in the compound are acetyl.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carrier protein is tetanus toxoid.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carrier protein is diphtheria toxoid.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carrier protein is a fungal protein virulence factor.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound further comprises one or ...

NEW FIRE-RETARDANT COMPOSITIONS

Disclosed is a method for the use, as fire-retardant, of an aqueous composition including chitosan and at least one mineral filler, the inorganic filler being for example chosen from the group of mineral fillers in laminae, in particular chosen from the group consisting of talc, montmorillonite, saponite, sepiolite, bentonite, smectite, hectorite, kaolinite, halloysite and mica, and mixtures thereof. 1. A fire-retardant treatment method of a surface comprising the application on said surface of an aqueous composition comprising chitosan and at least one mineral filler and at least one acid selected from the group consisting of: acetic acid , hydrochloric acid , formic acid , L-ascorbic acid , L-glutamic acid , lactic acid , maleic acid , malic acid , and succinic acid , and mixtures thereof.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the acid is acetic acid.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the mineral filler is selected from the group of mineral fillers in layers claim 1 , in particular chosen from the group consisting of: talc claim 1 , montmorillonite claim 1 , saponite claim 1 , sepiolite claim 1 , bentonite claim 1 , smectite claim 1 , hectorite claim 1 , kaolinite claim 1 , halloysite claim 1 , and mica claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the content by weight of chitosan is between 20% and 99.99% by weight relative to the weight of dry extract of the mixture formed by chitosan and the mineral filler claim 1 , and the content by weight of mineral filler is between 0.01% and 80% by weight relative to the weight of dry extract of the mixture formed by chitosan and the mineral filler.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the aqueous composition comprises from 0.01% to 25% by weight of dry extract of the mixture formed by chitosan and the mineral filler with respect to the total weight of the composition.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the aqueous composition has an acidic pH claim 1 , in ...

HYALURONIC ACID DERIVATIVES AND COMPOSITION FOR CELL-SURFACE ENGINEERING USING THE SAME

Provided are a hyaluronic acid derivative for liver-targeting delivery via intravenous injection of cells and a preparation method thereof. More particularly, provided are a preparation method of a hyaluronic acid derivative capable of modifying the surface of cells and also having biocompatibility, biodegradability, and liver-targeting deliver property, and use of the hyaluronic acid derivative prepared thereby as a liver-targeting cell delivery system. 2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the water-soluble protein is a wheat germ agglutinin protein.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein X is —COR claim 1 , Ris a lipid or a thiol group claim 1 , and the sum of m and s is an integer of 50 to 10 claim 1 ,000.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein X is —CONH—R—NH—R claim 1 , Ris maleimide claim 1 , Ris a hexyl group claim 1 , and the sum of m and s is an integer of 50 to 10 claim 1 ,000.5. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising maleimide claim 1 , maleimide-PEG or a composite chemically conjugated maleimide-PEG and lipid.6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the hyaluronic acid claim 1 , or the salt of the hyaluronic acid has a molecular weight of 10 claim 1 ,000 to 3 claim 1 ,000 claim 1 ,000 Dalton (Da).7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition delivers cells to the liver by modifying the surfaces of cells.8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the cells are one or more selected from the group consisting of erythrocytes claim 1 , stem cells claim 1 , and genetically engineered cells thereof.13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the cells are one or more selected from the group consisting of erythrocytes claim 12 , stem cells claim 12 , and genetically engineered cells thereof.14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the liver disease is one or more selected from the group consisting of liver cancer claim 12 , metastatic liver cancer claim 12 , hepatic cirrhosis claim 12 , hepatitis claim 12 , and hepatic fibrosis.15. (canceled)1724-. ( ...

CHITIN AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING CHITIN AND/OR CHITOSAN BY THE ENZYMATIC AND CHEMICAL PATHWAY

The present invention relates to chitin with a differential purity of more than 97.75% and to a process for producing chitin and/or chitosan by the enzymatic and chemical pathway. 1. Chitin , the purity by difference of which is greater than 97.75% , wherein the purity by difference is obtained by subtraction of the amino acid , lipid and ash impurity contents from the absolute purity value , said absolute purity value being equal to 100%.2. Chitin according to claim 1 , containing less than 1.2% by weight amino acids relative to the total dry weight of chitin.3. Chitin according to claim 1 , containing less than 2% by weight ash relative to the total dry weight of chitin.4. Chitin according to claim 1 , the purity by difference of which is greater than or equal to 98.0% and the molar mass of which is greater than or equal to 800 kg·mol claim 1 , wherein the molar mass is determined using the falling ball viscosity measurement.5. Chitosan claim 1 , the purity by difference of which is greater than 97.75% claim 1 , wherein the purity by difference is obtained by subtraction of the amino acid claim 1 , lipid and ash impurity contents from the absolute purity value claim 1 , said absolute purity value being equal to 100%.6. Chitosan according to claim 5 , the purity by difference of which is greater than or equal to 97.9% and the molar mass of which is greater than or equal to 480 kg·mol claim 5 , wherein the molar mass is determined using the falling ball viscosity measurement.7. Method for obtaining chitin and/or chitosan claim 5 , from insects claim 5 , comprising the following steps:separation of the cuticles from the soft part of the insects,enzymatic hydrolysis of the cuticles by a protease, in order to obtain a solid residue, andbasic treatment of the solid residue.8. Method according to claim 7 , in which the separation of the cuticles from the soft part of the insects is performed using a belt separator.9. Method according to claim 7 , in which the protease is ...

WATER DEGRADABLE FILM CONTAINING HYALURONIC ACID OR SALT THEREOF AND POLYPHENOL COMPOUNDS

The present invention relates to a water degradable film comprising hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof and polyphenol compounds. The film of the present invention can transcribe nanofilms in the form of CNT (carbon nanotube), graphene and magnetic particles to various places. The film of the present invention can be dissolved by an aqueous solution or body fluid, and can be effectively used in the medical field since it is non-toxic and biocompatible. The film of the present invention can also be effectively used as a transcript that does not degrade the quality and performance of the device because no residue remains in the electronic device and the existing photolithography process. 1. A water degradable film comprising hyaluronic acid or a salt thereof and polyphenol compounds , wherein the polyphenol compounds are interposed between at least a part of the hyaluronic acid main chains through hydrogen bonding.2. The water degradable film according to claim 1 , wherein the film includes the polyphenol compound in an amount of 0.05 to 10 weight part based on 1 weight part of the hyaluronic acid or its salt.3. The water degradable film according to claim 1 , wherein the polyphenol compound is one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of tannic acid claim 1 , isoflavone claim 1 , catechin claim 1 , curcumin claim 1 , tannin claim 1 , hydroxy benzoic acid claim 1 , hydroxy cinnamic acid claim 1 , flavonoid claim 1 , lignan claim 1 , stilbene claim 1 , caffeic acid claim 1 , chlorogenic acid claim 1 , anthocyan claim 1 , pyrogallol claim 1 , ellagic acid claim 1 , gallic acid claim 1 , theaflavin-3-gallate claim 1 , resveratrol claim 1 , kaempferol claim 1 , quercetin claim 1 , myricetin claim 1 , luteolin claim 1 , delphinidin claim 1 , cyanidin claim 1 , ampelopsin claim 1 , hesperidin claim 1 , aurantinidine claim 1 , europinidin claim 1 , pelargonidin claim 1 , malvidin claim 1 , peonidin claim 1 , petunidin and rosinidin.4. The water degradable film ...

Threads of hyaluronic acid and/or derivatives thereof, methods of making thereof and uses thereof

The present invention provides threads of hyaluronic acid, and/or derivatives thereof, methods of making thereof and uses thereof, for example, in aesthetic applications (e.g., dermal fillers), surgery (sutures), drug delivery, etc.

SPRAYABLE POLYMERS AS ADHESION BARRIERS

A formulation for generating an adhesion barrier that includes a plurality of particles or a dry powder that is made of a polymer combination of at least one biodegradable polymer and at least one water soluble polymer is disclosed. Methods of making and delivering the formulation are further disclosed. The formulation of particles is deposited on a surface of internal body tissue and the deposited formulation absorbs moisture from the tissue and forms a film over the surface. The film acts as an adhesion barrier by reducing or preventing adhesion of the surface to other body tissue. 1. A formulation for generating an adhesion barrier comprising:a plurality of particles comprising a polymer combination,wherein the polymer combination comprises at least one biodegradable polymer and at least one water soluble polymer,wherein when the formulation of particles is deposited on a surface of internal body tissue the deposited formulation absorbs moisture from the tissue and forms a film over the surface, andwherein the film is capable of reducing or preventing adhesion of the surface to other body tissue.2. The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the particles swell and overlap when the particles absorb moisture claim 1 , wherein the swelling and overlap facilitates the formation of the film that reduces or prevents the adhesion.3. The formulation of claim 1 , wherein a mean size of the plurality of particles is between 700 nm and 200 microns.4. The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of particles is in the form of a dry powder.5. The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of particles is uniformly suspended in a liquid claim 1 , wherein the liquid has a boiling point below 0° C.6. The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of particles comprises particles that are a homogeneous blend the at least one biodegradable polymer and the at least one water soluble polymer.7. The formulation of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of particles comprise a ...

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING LOW ENDOTOXIN CHITOSAN

The present invention relates to a process for producing a low endotoxin alkali chitosan, and also to a process for producing low endotoxin neutral chitosan, chitosan salt and chitosan derivatives, and to the products of such processes. The process comprises contacting chitosan with an alkali solution to form a mixture and leaving the mixture for at least about 12 hours. The low endotoxin alkali chitosan may be used in the manufacture of other useful chitosan based products. 1. A process for producing a low endotoxin alkali chitosan , the process comprising the steps of:(a) contacting chitosan with an alkali solution to form a mixture; and(b) leaving the mixture for at least about 12 hours.2. A process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the process further comprises a step (c) of drying the mixture claim 1 , wherein the drying step is optionally performed in an oven.3. (canceled)4. A process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the concentration of the alkali solution is from around 0.01M to around 1M and optionally from around 0.02M to 0.2M.5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. A process as claimed claim 1 , wherein the alkali solution comprises an alkali or alkaline earth component selected from the following claim 1 , either alone or in combination: metal hydroxides claim 1 , metal carbonates claim 1 , metal bisulphites claim 1 , metal persilicates claim 1 , conjugate bases and ammonium hydroxide wherein the metal is optionally selected from sodium claim 1 , potassium claim 1 , calcium claim 1 , or magnesium and wherein the alkali component is optionally selected from sodium hydroxide claim 1 , potassium hydroxide or sodium carbonate.9. (canceled)10. (canceled)11. A process as claimed claim 1 , wherein the alkali solution is sprayed onto the chitosan or the chitosan is mixed with the alkali solution.12. A process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the mixture is left for at least 48 hours in step (b) and optionally for around two to four weeks; and/or wherein the ...

RAY TRACING TECHNIQUE FOR WIRELESS CHANNEL MEASUREMENTS

This disclosure relates to palladium hyaluronic acid particles such as dibenzylideneacetone palladium hyaluronic acid particles. In certain embodiments, this disclosure relates to methods of managing cancer or angiogenic conditions using particles disclosed herein and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same. In certain embodiments, an objective of this disclosure is hyaluronic acid targeting of CD44, a tumor stem cell marker. In certain embodiments, this disclosure relates to treatment with hyaluronic acid palladium particles disclosed herein for depleting CD44 cells. 1. A computer implemented method , comprising:simulating, by a processor, using an electromagnetic solver including ray launching or ray tracing, multiple rays that reach a vicinity of a receiver of a wireless channel;determining locations of interactions of the rays with an environment of the wireless channel;post-processing, using one or more of the multiple rays, information about received signal at the receiver to obtain temporal variations therein; anddetermining a characteristic of the wireless channel using results of the post-processing.2. (canceled)3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the post-processing comprises determining a Doppler spectrum and/or temporal Rice factor of the one or more rays.4. The method of claim 1 , further including estimating the one or more rays by:generating a ray tracing model and incorporating effects from one or more of moving cars, moving vegetation or moving people, wherein the generating the ray tracing model includes controlling a beam width of a given ray to be below a threshold, wherein the given ray is split into subcones in case that a cone cross section of the given ray exceeds the threshold.5. (canceled)6. The method of claim 3 , wherein in case that the beam width is larger than size of a vehicle claim 3 , and the temporal Rice factor of the given ray is determined through weighting that depends on the ratio of the area covered by the cone ...

Composites and devices for interfacing electronics to biological tissue

Composites, are provided, the composites comprising: mixed conducting particles; and an ion conducting scaffolding matrix. In some embodiments, the mixed conducting particles are made from poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate). In some embodiments, the ion conducting scaffolding matrix includes a chitosan (CS)-based polymer. In some embodiments, devices are provided, the devices comprising: a composite comprising mixed conducting particles and an ion conducting scaffolding matrix; and three electrodes, wherein: each of the three electrodes is in contact with the composite; a first pair of the three electrodes are on opposite sides of the composite and are a distance h apart; a second pair of the three electrodes are on a same side of the composite and are a distance d1 apart; a particle size of the mixed conducting particles is between h and d1; a mean-free-path of the mixed conducting particles is less than d1; and the composite behaves like an anisotropic conductor.

CHITIN AND METHOD FOR CHEMICALLY OBTAINING CHITIN AND/OR CHITOSAN

The present invention relates to a chitin having a molecular mass of more than 855 kg·mol-1 and to a process for obtaining chitin and/or chitosan by separating cuticles from the soft part of the insect and by a basic treatment of the cuticles. 1. Chitin having a molecular mass greater than or equal to 855 kg·moland containing less than 1.5% by weight amino acids relative to the total dry weight of chitin , wherein the molecular mass is determined using the falling ball viscosity measurement.2. Chitin according to claim 1 , containing less than 3% by weight ash relative to the total dry weight of chitin.3. Chitin according to claim 1 , the purity by difference of which is greater than or equal to 95% claim 1 , wherein the purity by difference is obtained by subtracting the amino acid claim 1 , lipid and ash impurity contents from the absolute purity value claim 1 , said absolute purity value being equal to 100%.4. Chitosan having a molecular mass greater than or equal to 250 kg·mol claim 1 , wherein the molecular mass is determined using the falling ball viscosity measurement.5. Chitosan according to claim 4 , the purity by difference of which is greater than or equal to 95% claim 4 , wherein the purity by difference is obtained by subtraction of the amino acid claim 4 , lipid and ash impurity contents from the absolute purity value claim 4 , said absolute purity value being equal to 100%.6. Method for obtaining chitin and/or chitosan claim 4 , from insects claim 4 , comprising the following steps:separation of the cuticles from the soft part of the insects, thenbasic treatment of the cuticles.7. Method according to claim 6 , in which the separation of the cuticles from the soft part of the insects is performed using a belt separator.8. Method according to claim 6 , in which the separation of the cuticles from the soft part of the insects is performed using a filter press.9. Method according to claim 6 , in which the basic treatment is carried out with a strong base. ...

Ice-Tempered Hybrid Materials

A metal-polymer composite scaffold includes metal particles coupled with polymer binder, the scaffold having regions of aligned porosity with a gradient. In a particular embodiment, the metal particles include stainless steel. The metal particles have sizes equal to or smaller than 3 μm. The scaffold has Young's modulus is below 950 MPa. The polymer binder includes chitosan and gelatin. The composite also includes ethanol. The composite has porosity of at least 70%. Systems and methods for producing such metal polymer composite scaffold are also provided. 1. A metal-polymer composite scaffold , comprising:metal particles coupled with polymer binder, the scaffold having regions of aligned porosity with a gradient.2. The metal-polymer composite scaffold of claim 1 , wherein the metal particles comprise stainless steel.3. The metal-polymer composite scaffold of claim 2 , wherein the metal particles have sizes equal to or smaller than 3 mm.4. The metal-polymer composite scaffold of claim 3 , wherein the scaffold has Young's modulus is below 950 MPa.5. The metal-polymer composite scaffold of claim 1 , wherein the polymer binder comprises chitosan and gelatin.6. The metal-polymer composite scaffold of claim 1 , wherein the composite comprises ethanol.7. The metal-polymer composite scaffold of claim 1 , wherein the composite has a porosity of at least 70%.8. A ceramic-polymer composite claim 1 , comprising:alumina; andpolymer binder, the composite having regions of aligned porosity with a gradient.9. The ceramic-polymer composite of claim 8 , wherein the composite has a porosity of at least 90%.10. The ceramic-polymer composite of claim 8 , wherein the polymer binder comprises chitosan and gelatin.11. The ceramic-polymer composite of claim 8 , wherein the alumina is in a form of particles or platelets.12. The ceramic-polymer composite of claim 11 , wherein the composite formed with the alumina in the form of platelets has less shrinkage and improved yield strength and ...

CHITIN AND ALGINATE COMPOSITE FIBERS

Disclosed herein are composite fibers that comprises chitin and alginate. The formation of the chitinous-alginate composite fiber involves the use of ionic liquids and high molecular weight pure chitin obtained directly from chitin biomass. Optional additive such as vitamin E is successfully incorporated in to the composite fiber. The chitinousalginate fiber formed has a continuous and homogenous morphology, even with the addition of additive. Methods of making and using the chitinous-alginate composite fiber as wound dressing is also disclosed. 1. A composite fiber comprising at least 80% by weight of combined chitinous and alginate components in a predetermined ratio having a continuous and homogenous morphology.2. The composite fiber of claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio between the chitinous component and the alginate component is at least 2:1.3. The composite fiber of claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio between the chitinous component and the alginate component is at least 3:1.4. The composite fiber of claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio between the chitinous component and the alginate component is at least 4:1.5. The composite fiber of claim 1 , wherein the composite fiber further comprising an additive.6. The composite fiber of claim 1 , wherein the additive is vitamins claim 1 , nutraceuticals claim 1 , non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs claim 1 , anesthetics claim 1 , analgesics claim 1 , or ionic liquid active pharmaceutical ingredients.7. The composite fiber of claim 1 , wherein the additive is vitamin E that is about 10% by weight of the composite fiber and the combined chitin and alginate component is about 90% by weight of the composite fiber.8. The composite fiber of claim 1 , wherein the linear mass density of the composite fiber is at least 10 times of the linear mass density of alginate fibers.9. The composite fiber of claim 1 , wherein the moisture content of the composite fiber is at least 50% less than the moisture content of alginate fibers.10 ...

INSULATION LAYER COMPOSITION AND INSULATION LAYER FOR PLANT TISSUE CULTURE

The present disclosure provides an insulation layer composition and an insulation layer for a plant tissue culture. The insulation layer composition includes polyvinyl acetate emulsion resin, water, a gel forming agent and a hyaluronic acid diluent, in which the gel forming agent is a mixture of glycerin and polyglycerol acrylate. The insulation layer for the plant tissue culture includes the insulation layer composition. 1. An insulation layer composition comprising a polyvinyl acetate emulsion resin , water , a gel forming agent and a hyaluronic acid diluent , wherein the gel forming agent is a mixture of glycerin and polyglycerol acrylate.2. The insulation layer composition of claim 1 , wherein a volume percent concentration (V/V) of the hyaluronic acid diluent is 1%.3. The insulation layer composition of claim 2 , wherein the polyvinyl acetate emulsion resin claim 2 , the water claim 2 , the gel forming agent and the hyaluronic acid diluent are mixed in a weight ratio of 2:1:0.5:0.5 to 2:2:1:1.4. The insulation layer composition of claim 3 , wherein the polyvinyl acetate emulsion resin claim 3 , the water claim 3 , the gel forming agent and the hyaluronic acid diluent are mixed in a weight ratio of 2:1:0.5:1.5. The insulation layer composition of claim 3 , wherein the polyvinyl acetate emulsion resin claim 3 , the water claim 3 , the gel forming agent and the hyaluronic acid diluent are mixed in a weight ratio of 2:1:0.5:0.5.6. The insulation layer composition of claim 3 , wherein the polyvinyl acetate emulsion resin claim 3 , the water claim 3 , the gel forming agent and the hyaluronic acid diluent are mixed in a weight ratio of 2:1.5:0.7:0.6.7. An insulation layer for a plant tissue culture claim 3 , comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'the insulation layer composition of .'}8. The insulation layer for the plant tissue culture of claim 7 , wherein the insulation layer is used to isolate a medium from contact with a source of ...

Binder Compositions and Uses Thereof

The present invention relates to a new aqueous curable binder composition comprising a polyphenolic macromolecular compound which bears a multitude of catechol radicals (dihydroxybenzene), preferably lignosulfonate salts and condensed tannins and mixtures thereof, and a polyamine functional compound comprising primary and/or secondary and/or tertiary and/or quaternary amine functional groups, suitable for bonding particulate matter, such as fibers, more particulary mineral wool fibers, or particles, such as wood particles. 1. An aqueous curable binder composition comprising (i) a polyphenolic macromolecular compound which bears a multitude of phenol or polyhydroxybenzene radicals or catechol radicals (dihydroxybenzene) , selected from lignosulfonate salts and condensed tannins and mixtures thereof , and (ii) a polyamine functional compound comprising primary and/or secondary and/or tertiary and/or quaternary amine functional groups , and/or reaction product of (i) and (ii) , the ratio of polyphenolic macromolecular compound to polyamine functional compound ranging from 98:2 to 50:50 w %.2. The aqueous curable binder composition of wherein the lignosulfonate salt is selected from calcium lignosulfonate claim 1 , sodium lignosulfonate claim 1 , ammonium lignosulfonate claim 1 , magnesium lignosulfonate and mixtures thereof.3. The aqueous curable binder composition of wherein the polyamine functional compound is selected from diamines claim 1 , triamines claim 1 , tetramines claim 1 , pentamines and polymeric polyamines or polyimines claim 1 , such as hexamethylenediamine claim 1 , diethylenetetramine claim 1 , diethylenetriamine claim 1 , polyethyleneimine (PEI) claim 1 , polyvinyl amine claim 1 , polyether amine claim 1 , polylysine claim 1 , ethylene diamine claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,3-diaminopropane claim 1 , cadaverine claim 1 , spermidine claim 1 , spermine claim 1 , putrescine claim 1 , tetraethylmethylenediamine claim 1 , and triethylenetetramine claim 1 , different ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR WATER TREATMENT

Disclosed herein are embodiments of a system for treating water. The system comprises one or more inlets for introducing biochar and polyamine to the water, such as a biochar inlet and a polyamine inlet, or a biochar/polyamine mixture inlet. The system may optionally also include a metal salt inlet, ozone inlet, an additional organic carbon compound inlet, or any combination thereof. The biochar and polyamine may optionally be premixed prior to addition to the water. The system also comprises a filtration device, such as a reactive filtration device. The system produces a treated water stream and a reject stream, which may be further separated into a recycled water stream and a solid product. The solid product may be suitable as a soil amendment for application to agricultural land, or for recycling. A method for using the system to treat water, particularly nitrate-contaminated water, also is disclosed. 1. A system , comprising:a polyamine source;a fluid flow pathway, comprising a wastewater inlet for introducing a wastewater stream to the pathway, one or more inlets for introducing biochar and a polyamine to the pathway at least one inlet being fluidly connected to the polyamine source, and a reactor;a filter downstream of the reactor and the one or more inlets, the filter fluidly coupled to the fluid flow pathway;a treated water outlet fluidly coupled to the filter;a reject stream outlet fluidly coupled to the filter; anda solids separator fluidly coupled to the reject stream outlet, the solids separator further comprising a recycled water outlet and a solids outlet.2. A method , comprising:adding biochar and a polyamine to a wastewater stream, the wastewater stream comprising at least one contaminant; andseparating the biochar, polyamine and at least one contaminant from the wastewater stream to produce a treated water stream and a reject stream.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein adding biochar and the polyamine to the wastewater stream comprises mixing the ...

HAEMOSTATIC POWDER

The present invention relates to a haemostatic powder comprising at least 10 wt. % of particle agglomerates, said particle agglomerates having a diameter in the range of 1-500 μm and comprising:

CHITOSAN AS AN INTUMESCING, THERMOFORMABLE FLAME RETARDANT

A flame retardant composition comprising chitosan or a modified chitosan, as well as a method for preparing a flame retardant comprising chitosan or a modified chitosan, is provided. Also provided are methods for making a flame retardant article using the described flame retardant composition. In various embodiments, the flame retardant composition is prepared by dissolution of chitosan or a modified chitosan by an aqueous acid, followed by evaporation of the water. In various embodiments, the flame retardant composition can further include at least one additional component selected from the group consisting of a polyol, flame retardant, nitrogen containing compound, carbonate containing compound, crosslinking agent, and combinations thereof. 1. A flame retardant composition prepared by dissolution of chitosan or a modified chitosan by an aqueous acid over a period of up to 30 days followed by evaporation of the water.2. The composition of 1 , wherein the aqueous acid is selected from the group consisting of citric acid , gluconic acid , hypophosphorous acid , aminolphosphonic acid , aminosulfonic acid , phosphonoacetic acid , phenylphosphonic acid , phenylphosphinic acid , p-toluenesulfonic acid , trifluoromethylsulfonic acid , sulfaninilic acid , and combinations thereof.3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the aminophosphonic acid is aminomethylphosphonic acid.4. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the aminosulfonic acid is taurine (aminoethylsulfonic acid).5. The composition of further comprising at least one additional component prior to water evaporation selected from the group consisting of a polyol claim 1 , flame retardant claim 1 , nitrogen containing compound claim 1 , carbonate containing compound claim 1 , crosslinking agent claim 1 , and combinations thereof.6. The composition of claim 5 , wherein the polyol is selected from the group consisting of glycerol claim 5 , sorbitol claim 5 , xylitol claim 5 , sucralose claim 5 , hydroxyethylcellulose ...

BIORESORBABLE EMBOLIZATION MICROSPHERES

The present disclosure is generally directed to an embolic material which, in some embodiments, may be in the form of a microsphere or a plurality of microspheres. The embolic material generally comprises carboxymethyl chitosan (CCN) crosslinked with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). In some embodiments, the embolic material may further comprise a therapeutic agent, such as doxorubicin. 1. A microsphere comprising carboxymethyl chitosan crosslinked with carboxymethyl cellulose and a therapeutic agent.2. The microsphere of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutic agent comprises a chemotherapeutic agent.3. The microsphere of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutic agent comprises at least one positively charged functional group.4. The microsphere of claim 1 , wherein the therapeutic agent comprises at least one of irinotecan claim 1 , ambroxol claim 1 , or doxorubicin.5. The microsphere of claim 1 , wherein a concentration of the therapeutic agent is between about 0.3 milligram of therapeutic agent per milligram of dry microsphere and about 0.75 milligram of therapeutic agent per milligram of dry microsphere.6. The microsphere of claim 1 , wherein the microsphere is substantially free of a small molecule crosslinking agent.7. The microsphere of claim 1 , wherein the microsphere is compressible.8. The microsphere of claim 1 , further comprising a crosslinking density between the carboxymethyl chitosan and the carboxymethyl cellulose that results in a fracture strain of the at least one microsphere between about 70% and about 90% claim 1 , and further defining a diameter between about 50 micrometers and about 1200 micrometers.9. The microsphere of claim 1 , further comprising a crosslinking density between the carboxymethyl chitosan and the carboxymethyl cellulose that results in a fracture strain of the at least one microsphere between about 70% and about 90% claim 1 , and further defining a diameter between about 1600 micrometers and about 2200 micrometers.10. A microsphere ...

SITE-SELECTIVE MODIFICATION OF POLYSACCHARIDES AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF

The present invention relates to site-selective modification of polysaccharides at their reducing end by conjugation with a single aminoxy-Regioselective Addressable Functionalized Template (RAFT) peptide. 1. A modified polysaccharide selectively modified at its reducing end by conjugation with a single aminoxy-Regioselective Addressable Functionalized Template (RAFT) peptide.2. The modified polysaccharide of claim 1 , wherein said polysaccharide is selected from chitosan claim 1 , dextran claim 1 , heparin claim 1 , heparan sulfate claim 1 , keratin sulfate claim 1 , pectin claim 1 , starch claim 1 , hyaluronic acid claim 1 , sulfated hyaluronan claim 1 , alginate claim 1 , alginate sulfate claim 1 , and chondroitin sulfate.3. The modified polysaccharide of claim 2 , wherein said polysaccharide is alginate or alginate sulfate.4. The modified polysaccharide of claim 2 , wherein said polysaccharide is hyaluronic acid or sulfated hyaluronan.5. The modified polysaccharide of claim 1 , wherein said RAFT peptide is a linear or cyclic peptide.6. The modified polysaccharide of claim 5 , wherein said RAFT peptide is a linear or cyclic labeled peptide.7. The modified polysaccharide of claim 5 , wherein said RAFT peptide may comprise one or more functional units consisting of: (i) biomolecules claim 5 , such as peptides claim 5 , oligosaccharides and the like; and/or (ii) a label.8. The modified polysaccharide of claim 5 , wherein said RAFT peptide is a biologically active peptide.9. The modified polysaccharide of claim 8 , wherein said biologically active peptide is labeled with a dye claim 8 , biotin or any other label.10. The modified polysaccharide of claim 8 , wherein said biologically active peptide is a pro-apoptotic peptide claim 8 , an anti-apoptotic peptide claim 8 , a cell proliferation-promoting peptide claim 8 , or a cell adhesion promoting peptide.11. The modified polysaccharide of claim 10 , wherein said cell adhesion promoting peptide adheres to cells via ...

Treating mucosal lesions with hyaluronan delivered from an adhering troche

A troche comprising at least 5 mg hyaluronan, wherein the troche is adherent, and wherein hyaluronan is released from the troche, is used to treat mucositis, including stomatitis, vestibulitis, aphthous ulcerations, lichen planus and Behcet's syndrome. A method for treating or preventing mucositis in a patient is provided, comprising applying to a mucosal surface or a tooth or orthodontic brace of a patient in need thereof an adhering troche comprising at least 5 mg hyaluronan.

Crosslinked Hyaluronan Derivative, Method of Preparation Thereof, Hydrogel and Microfibers Based Thereon

The invention relates to a crosslinked hyaluronan derivative in the form of a hydrogel or microfibers, and to a method of preparation thereof, consisting in a C—C coupling reaction. The C—C coupling reaction is performed via reaction of a hyaluronan derivative carrying a terminal aryl-halide and/or aryl-borate group, and a hyaluronan derivative carrying an alkenyl or alkynyl group, in water, phosphates buffer or a mixture of an organic acid and an alcohol, and in the presence of a palladium active catalyst. The palladium active catalyst may be e.g. a complex of palladium (II) acetate and an inorganic or organic base, or a complex of palladium (II) and 2-amino-4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine. 1. A process of preparation of a crosslinked hyaluronan derivative , characterized in that it is carried out by a C—C coupling reaction in water , phosphates buffer or a mixture of an organic acid and an alcohol , and in the presence of a palladium active catalyst , wherein the C—C coupling reaction takes place between a hyaluronan derivative carrying a terminal aryl-halide and/or aryl-borate group , and a hyaluronan derivative carrying an alkenyl or alkynyl group.3. The process according to claim 2 , characterized in that X is I claim 2 , Br or B—(OH) claim 2 , and Ris methylene or ethylene.4. The process according to any of the preceding claims claim 2 , characterized in that the palladium active catalyst is selected from the group comprising a complex of palladium (II) acetate and an inorganic or organic base claim 2 , and a complex of palladium (II) and 2-amino-4 claim 2 ,6-dihydroxypyrimidine claim 2 , while the concentration of the palladium active catalyst in the reaction mixture is within the range from 1×10to 1×10M.5. The process according to claim 4 , characterized in that the palladium active catalyst is a complex of palladium (II) acetate and an inorganic or organic base claim 4 , the concentration of the palladium active catalyst in the reaction mixture is within the range ...

METHODS AND MEANS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF HYALURONAN

The present invention relates to plant cells and plants which synthesize hyaluronan and to methods for preparing such plants, and also to methods for preparing hyaluronan with the aid of these plant cells or plants. Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of plants for preparing hyaluronan and to food or feed which comprises hyaluronan. 123-. (canceled)24. A plant comprising a plant cell comprising a nucleic acid molecule which is stably integrated into is genome and codes for a hyaluronan synthase , wherein said plant cell produces hyaluronan , and wherein said nucleic acid molecule comprises the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2.25. Propagation material of the plant of .26. Harvestable material of the plant of .27. The plant of claim 24 , wherein said plant is potato claim 24 , tomato claim 24 , rice claim 24 , maize claim 24 , or wheat.28. A plant comprising a plant cell comprising a nucleic acid molecule which is stably integrated into is genome and codes for a hyaluronan synthase claim 24 , wherein said plant cell produces hyaluronan claim 24 , and wherein said nucleic acid molecule encodes the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3.29. Propagation material of the plant of .30. Harvestable material of the plant of .31. The plant of claim 28 , wherein said plant is potato claim 28 , tomato claim 28 , rice claim 28 , maize claim 28 , or wheat.32. A tomato plant comprising a plant cell comprising a nucleic acid molecule which is stably integrated into is genome and codes for a hyaluronan synthase claim 28 , wherein said plant cell produces hyaluronan.33. Propagation material of the plant of .34. Harvestable material of the plant of .35. The tomato plant of claim 32 , wherein said tomato plant produces at least 4 μg hyaluronan per gram fresh weight of its fruit.36. The tomato plant of claim 32 , wherein said nucleic acid molecule codes for a hyaluronan synthase comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 claim 32 , SEQ ID NO: 4 claim 32 , SEQ ...

Polysaccharide-Polyamine Copolymers For Removal Of Phosphate

Covalently cross-linked copolymers are described herein. More specifically, polysaccharide-polyamine copolymeric matrices or structures and cationic copolymeric matrices are described herein. The polysaccharide-polyamine copolymers, when protonated, can form cationic copolymeric matrices having exceptionally high densities of cationic sites. In one form, the covalently cross-linked copolymers provide a three-dimensional structure, especially when hydrated. 1. A polysaccharide-polyamine copolymer having an amino functionality which will provide a protonatable copolymeric material having a three-dimensional structure with cationic sites through protonation , the polysaccharide-polyamine copolymer comprising:a selectively oxidized polysaccharide having a 2,3-dialdehyde moiety; andamino polymers which provide an amino functionality, the amino polymers cross linking the oxidized polysaccharides to provide a particulate polysaccharide-polyamine copolymer having an amino functionality which when protonated will provide the cationic copolymeric material with a nitrogen content of at least 12.3 wt. %, both the polysaccharide-polyamine copolymer and cationic copolymeric material being water insoluble.2. The polysaccharide-polyamine copolymer of claim 1 , wherein the amino polymers have a nitrogen content of at least 24.5 wt. % claim 1 , based on the weight of the amino polymers and a molecular weight in the range of from about 15 claim 1 ,000 to about 900 claim 1 ,000.3. The polysaccharide-polyamine copolymer of claim 1 , wherein the selectively oxidized polysaccharide are selected from the group consisting of selectively oxidized cellulose claim 1 , selectively oxidized starch claim 1 , selectively oxidized amylose claim 1 , selectively oxidized chitosan claim 1 , selectively oxidized dextran claim 1 , selectively oxidized glycogen claim 1 , selectively oxidized chitin and mixtures thereof claim 1 , the polysaccharide having been oxidized in an amount effective to provide ...

METHOD FOR PREPARING LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HYALURONIC ACID

The present invention relates to a method for preparing low molecular weight hyaluronic acid having a molecular weight of 100,000 to 200,000 daltons, the method comprising heating treatment, in the pH range 2.5 to 3.5, for an aqueous solution that contains hyaluronic acid having a molecular weight of 500,000 daltons or greater. 1. A method of preparing low-molecular weight hyaluronic acid having a molecular weight of 100 ,000 to 200 ,000 Daltons , the method comprising: thermally treating , in a range of pH 2.5 to 3.5 , an aqueous solution that contains hyaluronic acid having a molecular weight of 500 ,000 Daltons or greater.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a concentration of the aqueous solution is 1 to 2% (weight/volume).3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the thermally treating is performed at 80 to 90° C.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the thermally treating is performed for 15 to 30 minutes.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , after the thermally treating claim 1 , a resultant reaction solution is neutralized with an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution to obtain low-molecular weight hyaluronic acid in a form of an alkali metal salt.6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the alkali metal salt is a sodium salt.7. The method according to claim 5 , wherein claim 5 , after the neutralization claim 5 , an organic solvent is added to the reaction solution to generate a precipitate claim 5 , and the precipitate is filtered to obtain a powder-type alkali metal salt of hyaluronic acid.8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the organic solvent is one or more selected from the group consisting of methanol claim 7 , ethanol claim 7 , acetone claim 7 , and isopropyl alcohol.9. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the organic solvent is added in a volume ratio of 1:5 to 1:6 based on the reaction solution. The present application is a national stage filing under 35 U.S.C. § 371 of PCT/KR2018/004127, filed ...

MATERIAL COMPRISING OUTER LAYER HAVING ENTANGLEMENT OF HYDROPHOBIC POLYMER HOST BLENDED WITH ANHYDRIDE FUNCTIONALIZED HYDROPHOBIC POLYMER CO-HOST AND HYDROPHILIC GUEST

The present disclosure provides, inter alia, a method of producing an outer layer material for forming into a structure and that comprises an entanglement having a hydrophobic polymer host and a hydrophilic guest, including in one embodiment the steps of: intermingling cloaked hydrophilic guest complexes with the hydrophobic host; crosslinking molecules of the guest with the guest; and performing a hydrolysis reaction. 2. The material according to claim 1 , wherein said hydrophilic guest comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of: polyions claim 1 , polysaccharides claim 1 , salts of glycosaminoglycans claim 1 , nucleic acids claim 1 , polyvinylpyrrolidones claim 1 , peptides claim 1 , polypeptides claim 1 , proteins claim 1 , lipoproteins claim 1 , polyamides claim 1 , polyamines claim 1 , polyhydroxy polymers claim 1 , polycarboxy polymers claim 1 , phosphorylated derivatives of carbohydrates claim 1 , sulfonated derivatives of carbohydrates claim 1 , interleukin-2 claim 1 , interferon claim 1 , and phosphorothioate oligomers.3. The material according to claim 1 , wherein: said co-host is selected from the group consisting of: maleic anhydride-graft-polyethylene claim 1 , maleic anhydride-graft-polypropylene; and maleic anhydride-graft-polystyrene.4. The material according to claim 3 , wherein said hydrophilic guest comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of: polyions claim 3 , polysaccharides claim 3 , salts of glycosaminoglycans claim 3 , nucleic acids claim 3 , polyvinylpyrrolidones claim 3 , peptides claim 3 , polypeptides claim 3 , proteins claim 3 , lipoproteins claim 3 , polyamides claim 3 , polyamines claim 3 , polyhydroxy polymers claim 3 , polycarboxy polymers claim 3 , phosphorylated derivatives of carbohydrates claim 3 , sulfonated derivatives of carbohydrates claim 3 , interleukin-2 claim 3 , interferon claim 3 , and phosphorothioate oligomers.5. The material according to claim 1 , wherein said cloaked hydrophilic guest ...