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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Форма поиска

Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 18007. Отображено 100.
12-01-2012 дата публикации

Biomass hydrothermal decomposition system and saccharide-solution production method using biomass material

Номер: US20120009642A1
Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd

A biomass hydrothermal decomposition system includes a hydrothermal decomposition unit 17 that transports the fed biomass material from a lower side to an upper side in an apparatus body 13 by screw means 14, feeds pressurized hot water 15 from an upper side different from a feed position of the biomass material 11 into the apparatus body 13, which is pressurized hot water to be discharged, so as to separate a lignin component and a hemicellulose component from the biomass material; a biomass solid discharging unit 18 that discharges a biomass solid 20 from the upper side of the apparatus body 13; and a slurrying vessel 21 communicating with the biomass solid discharging unit 18, into which water 19 is injected and the discharged biomass solid 20 is added to obtain a slurried biomass solid are provided.

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12-01-2012 дата публикации

Biotechnological Production of Chondroitin

Номер: US20120010399A1
Принадлежит: GNOSIS SPA

Chondroitin is produced by culturing a recombinant microorganism which is obtained by inactivation of a gene encoding an enzyme responsible for addition of fructose residues to the linear chondroitin polysaccharide in a microorganism producing a fructosylated derivative of chondroitin.

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16-02-2012 дата публикации

Cellobiose 2-epimerase, its preparation and uses

Номер: US20120040407A1
Принадлежит: Hayashibara Seibutsu Kagaku Kenkyujo KK

The present invention has objects to provide a thermostable cellobiose 2-epimerase, its preparation and uses. The present invention attains the above objects by providing a thermostable cellobiose 2-epimerase, a DNA encoding the enzyme, a recombinant DNA and transformant comprising the DNA, a process for producing the enzyme, and a process for producing isomerized saccharides using the enzyme.

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08-03-2012 дата публикации

Methods for increasing the yield of fermentable sugars from plant stover

Номер: US20120058524A1
Принадлежит: PURDUE RESEARCH FOUNDATION

Methods for increasing yield of fermentable sugars from plant stover are provided. The methods include using plants homozygous for two brown midrib mutations, bm1 and bm3. The methods also include using plants homozygous for a mutation in a gene that results in reduced cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase activity, and a mutation in a gene that results in reduced 5-hydroxyconiferaldehyde/5-hydroxyconiferyl alcohol O-methyltransferase activity. The methods also include using transgenic plants that have reduced cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase activity and reduced 5-hydroxyconiferaldehyde/5-hydroxyconiferyl alcohol O-methyltransferase activity in comparison with wild-type plants.

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24-05-2012 дата публикации

Continuously fed biomass pretreatment process for a packed bed reactor

Номер: US20120125548A1
Автор: Jeffrey David Cohen
Принадлежит: EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co

Biomass pretreatment using anhydrous ammonia is effective in a static reactor vessel when the ammonia can penetrate through the biomass particles or pieces in vapor state, and when biomass is continuously fed and moved through the reactor. To achieve this condition, total system moisture content is kept below 40 weight % based on total mass in the system. The pretreated biomass product is effectively saccharified to produce fermentable sugars for biocatalyst production of a product.

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31-05-2012 дата публикации

Hmo synthesis

Номер: US20120135467A1
Принадлежит: JENNEWEIN BIOTECHNOLOGIE GMBH

The present invention relates to a cell to be stably cultured in a medium, which cell is adjusted for the production of oligosaccharides, the cell being transformed to comprise at least one nucleic acid sequence coding for an enzyme involved in oligosaccharide synthesis. In addition the cell is transformed to comprise at least one nucleic acid sequence coding for a protein of the sugar efflux transporter family, a functional homolog or derivative thereof. Further, the invention concerns a method for the production of oligosaccharides involving above cell.

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07-06-2012 дата публикации

Viscosity control in compositions comprising plant fiber materials

Номер: US20120142909A1
Автор: Brock Lundberg

Pectinases, such as Pectinex™ Ultra SP-L (composed of the enzyme Polygatacturonase, a type of pectinase which is derived from Aspergillus aculeatus ) or pectinmethylesterases were used to decrease or increase, respectively, the viscosity of fiber solutions, especially solutions with highly refined cellulosic thickeners, and particularly those made of highly refined cellulosic parenchyma cell wall fiber solutions. The enzyme can reduce the viscosity up to 95% or increase the viscosity 100 fold. At lower concentrations the enzyme requires up to a few days of reacting to reach the full reduction in viscosity. Pectinex™ Ultra SP-L has an optimum pH of 4.5-5 and a temperature optimum of 40° C. By controlling the viscosity available from the dried, treated highly refined cellulosic fiber compositions, tailored powder compositions can be provided that will provide precise viscosities when rehydrated in solutions at a constant concentration.

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28-06-2012 дата публикации

Recombinant beta-glucosidase variants for production of soluble sugars from cellulosic biomass

Номер: US20120164696A1
Принадлежит: Codexis Inc

The invention relates to recombinant expression of a variant form of a fungal C1 strain β-glucosidase. The invention also relates to the generation of fermentable sugars from biomass and the production of biofuels by fermentation of the sugars using genetically modified organisms expressing the β-glucosidase variant. The invention provides methods for producing a fermentable sugar, such as glucose, from cellobiose by contacting cellobiose with a recombinant β-glucosidase variant protein, such as a variant protein secreted by a recombinant host cell into culture medium. Methods of the invention may be used for conversion of a biomass substrate to a fermentable sugar, and ultimately to ethanol or other biofuel.

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19-07-2012 дата публикации

Glycosyltransferase promoter

Номер: US20120185975A1

A glycosyltransferase promoter and a recombinant nucleic acid, plant cell and transgenic plant containing thereof are provided. The promoter includes a nucleotide sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1˜7, a fragment having at least 10 contiguous bases of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1˜7 or a combination thereof, or a nucleotide sequence having 90% or more identity to the nucleotide sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1˜7.

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26-07-2012 дата публикации

Culture Medium and Methods for Producing Alginate From Stable Mucoid Strains of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Номер: US20120190077A1
Принадлежит: PROGENESIS Tech LLC

A specialized culture medium for the promotion of alginate production by stable mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial strains and methods for the production and purification of industrial, commercial, and pharmaceutical grade alginate from bacteriological sources are provided herein. Alginate produced using the media and methods disclosed herein is structurally uniform and substantially free of bacterial cell contaminants, including endotoxin.

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18-10-2012 дата публикации

Sugar mixtures and methods for production and use thereof

Номер: US20120264873A1
Принадлежит: Individual

A sugar mixture comprising: monosaccharides; oligosaccharides in a ratio ≧0.06 to total saccharides; disaccharides in a ratio to total saccharides ≧0.05; pentose in a ratio to total saccharides ≧0.05; at least one alpha-bonded di-glucose; and at least one beta-bonded di-glucose. Also disclosed are methods to make and/or use such mixtures.

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25-10-2012 дата публикации

Variant humicola grisea cbh1.1

Номер: US20120270270A1
Принадлежит: DANISCO US INC

Disclosed are variants of Humicola grisea Cel7A (CBH1.1), H. jecorina CBH1 variant or S. thermophilium CBH1, nucleic acids encoding the same and methods for producing the same. The variant cellulases have the amino acid sequence of a glycosyl hydrolase of family 7A wherein one or more amino acid residues are substituted.

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01-11-2012 дата публикации

Compositions and methods comprising cellulase variants with reduced affinity to non-cellulosic materials

Номер: US20120276595A1
Принадлежит: DANISCO US INC

The present disclosure relates to cellulase variants. In particular the present disclosure relates to cellulase variants having reduced binding to non-cellulosic materials. Also described are nucleic acids encoding the cellulase, compositions comprising said cellulase, methods of identifying cellulose variants and methods of using the compositions.

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01-11-2012 дата публикации

Process for production of fructo-oligosaccharides

Номер: US20120276597A1
Принадлежит: Tata Chemicals Ltd

A microbial consortium comprises of an Aureobasidium sp. to metabolise a sugar substrate into fructooligosaccaride, glucose and fructose and a Pachysolen sp to metabolise the glucose and the fructose into ethanol.

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08-11-2012 дата публикации

Enhanced soluble c5 saccharide yields

Номер: US20120282655A1
Автор: Phillip R. Gibbs
Принадлежит: Renmatix Inc

Methods are disclosed for increasing the level of soluble C 5 saccharides produced from lignocellulosic biomass comprising acidifying fractionated lignocellulosic biomass to prevent the recondensation of soluble C 5 saccharides, including C 5 oligosaccharides and xylose and arabinose monomers, to insoluble higher molecular weight C 5 oligosaccharides.

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08-11-2012 дата публикации

Production of Multi-Antennary N-Glycan Structures in Plants

Номер: US20120283420A1
Принадлежит: Individual

The invention provides methods for producing multi-antennary glycoproteins in plant and plant cells. In particular the invention provides plants comprising a chimeric gene comprising glucosaminyltransferase IV and plants comprising two chimeric genes comprising glucosaminyltransferase IV and V.

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13-12-2012 дата публикации

Saccharide-solution producing apparatus, fermentation system, saccharide-solution producing method, and fermentation method

Номер: US20120315677A1

A saccharide-solution producing apparatus 11 A according to the present invention is a saccharide-solution producing apparatus for producing a saccharide solution 22 derived from a carbohydrate-based material 21 , and includes a saccharide-solution controlling unit 15 A that controls the saccharide solution derived from the carbohydrate-based material 21 , a cellulosic biomass saccharifying unit 16 that saccharifies hydrothermally treated biomass obtained by hydrothermally decomposing a cellulosic biomass material 35 that contains a lignin component and a hemicellulose component, and produces a diluted saccharide solution 37 , and a diluted-saccharide-solution supply pipe L 11 that mixes the diluted saccharide solution 37 produced by the cellulosic biomass saccharifying unit 16 into the saccharide-solution controlling unit 15 A. With this configuration, it is possible to improve production efficiency of the saccharide solution 22 and to realize cost reduction.

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03-01-2013 дата публикации

Method for producing saccharified solution

Номер: US20130004997A1
Автор: Shigenobu Mitsuzawa
Принадлежит: Honda Motor Co Ltd

A method for producing a saccharified solution is provided, by which a saccharide recovered as a saccharified solution can be increased. The saccharified solution is obtained by treating a substrate solution containing lignocellulosic biomass as a substrate with a saccharifying enzyme produced by a microorganism to prepare a substrate/saccharifying enzyme mixture liquid, and removing a residue of the substrate from the substrate/saccharifying enzyme mixture liquid. The concentration of the substrate in the substrate/saccharifying enzyme mixture liquid is adjusted to be in the range of 15 to 30% by mass. In the removal of the residue of the substrate, a saccharide adsorbed on the residue is extracted.

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24-01-2013 дата публикации

Cooling and processing materials

Номер: US20130023020A1
Автор: Marshall Medoff
Принадлежит: Xyleco Inc

Systems and methods for cooling and processing materials are disclosed.

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21-02-2013 дата публикации

Novel Beta-Glucosidase and Uses thereof

Номер: US20130045510A1
Принадлежит: Academia Sinica

A novel beta-glucosidase and nucleic acids encoding the beta-glucosidase. Also disclosed are cells, compositions, and methods relating to using the beta-glucosidase to convert ligocellulosic material to fermentable sugars.

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28-02-2013 дата публикации

Production of galactosylated n-glycans in plants

Номер: US20130052683A1
Принадлежит: Icon Genetics AG

The invention provides methods for increasing the levels of bi-antennary mono- and fully galactosylated N-glycans, and for decreasing the levels of hybrid-type galactosylated N-glycans on glycoproteins produced in plants or plant cells. In addition, the invention provides methods for the production of heterologous glycoproteins with increased levels of bi-antennary mono- and fully galactosylated N-glycans, or decreased levels of hybrid-type galactosylated N-glycans in plants or plant cells.

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28-02-2013 дата публикации

Fine fibrous cellulosic material and process for producing the same

Номер: US20130052695A1

To provide a fine fibrous cellulosic material capable of producing a saccharide in a high yield by hydrolysis; to provide a process for producing the fine fibrous cellulosic material from a cellulosic material; and to provide a process for producing the saccharide using the fine fibrous cellulosic material. The present invention is the fine fibrous cellulosic material containing cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, which the fine fibrous cellulosic material has a width of 1 μm or less and a length of 5,000 μm or less and is used for glycation reaction by hydrolysis.

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14-03-2013 дата публикации

System for the treatment of biomass

Номер: US20130065289A1
Автор: David Charles Carlson
Принадлежит: Poet Research Inc

A system for treating biomass for the production of ethanol is disclosed. A biorefinery for producing a fermentation product from biomass is disclosed. The biorefinery comprises a system for preparing the biomass into prepared biomass and a system for pre-treating the biomass into pre-treated biomass. The biorefinery comprises a separator, a first treatment system, a second treatment system, and a fermentation system. A method for producing a fermentation product from biomass is disclosed.

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28-03-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF FERMENTABLE SUGARS FROM BIOMASS

Номер: US20130078680A1

A process for production of fermentable sugars from biomass using multi-enzyme multi-step system is provided herein. The process disclosed in the present invention provides high yielded sugars in less time period. The multi-enzyme system disclosed in the present invention converts celluloses, hemicelluloses and/or mixture thereof to fermentable sugar with higher efficiency and better economics than the process known in the prior art. Cellulose and hemicelluloses fractions derived from natural sources such as any lignocellulosic biomass are saccharified in a shortened time with higher conversion rates of intermediates with modified enzymatic compositions/groups of the Multi-enzyme system to enhance the rate thus providing an economical cellulose and hemicellulose saccharification process. 119-. (canceled)20. A process of production of fermentable sugars from a mixture of hemicellulose and cellulose using a multi-step multi-enzyme system , the process comprising:a. treating said mixture of hemicellulose and cellulose with at least one enzyme selected from a group consisting of endo-glucanases, exo-glucanases, endo-xylanases, exo-xylanases, mannanases and galactanases at a temperature ranging from 30° C. to 90° C. to obtain a hydrolysate;b. separating the hydrolysate from the at least one enzyme used in step (a) to obtain a solution comprising oligosaccharides, disaccharides, and monosugars; andc. treating the solution with at least one enzyme selected from a group consisting of xylosidases, mannosidases and glucosidases to obtain the fermentable sugars.21. The process of claim 20 , wherein the hemicellulose and/or cellulose do not contain more than 10% (w/w) lignin.22. The process of claim 20 , wherein the enzymes are cross-linked with one or more proteins claim 20 , one or more polymers claim 20 , or combinations thereof using one or more cross linking agents.23. The process of claim 22 , wherein the protein is selected from a group consisting of first group of ...

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28-03-2013 дата публикации

Pretreatment Method for Producing Water-Soluble Sugars From Lignocellulosic Material

Номер: US20130078695A1
Принадлежит: CHEMPOLIS OY

The invention relates to manufacturing hydrolyzable cellulose and further, if desired, sugars from lignocellulosic material by means of formic and performic acid treatment.

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04-04-2013 дата публикации

Method of Producing a Diutan Gum

Номер: US20130084607A1
Принадлежит: CP KELCO U.S., INC.

The production of a diutan polysaccharide exhibiting increased viscosity properties as compared with previously produced polysaccharide of the same type of repeating units. Such an improved diutan polysaccharide is produced through the generation of a derivative of sp. ATCC 53159 that harbors a multicopy broad host range plasmid into which genes for biosynthesis of diutan polysaccharide have been cloned. The inventive methods of production of such an improved diutan polysaccharide, as well as the novel cloned genes required to produce the improved diutan within such a method, are also encompassed within this invention. Additionally, the novel engineered strain including the needed DNA sequence is encompassed within this invention. 116-. (canceled)17. A method of producing a diutan gum comprising:{'i': 'Sphingomonas', 'introducing a coding sequence for at least one diutan biosynthetic enzyme into a host diutan producing organism;'}culturing the host organism under fermentation conditions, whereby the host organism produces a diutan gum which exhibits at least one of the following characteristics:a) an intrinsic viscosity of greater than 150 dL/g;b) a sea water 3 rpm viscosity greater than 35 dial reading;c) a sea water 0.3 rpm viscosity greater than 35,000 centipoise; andd) a low shear rate viscosity in the presence of polyethylene glycol dispersant of greater than 3500 centipoise.18. The method of wherein the at least one diutan biosynthetic enzyme is a DpsG polymerase.19. The method of wherein the at least one diutan biosynthetic enzyme comprises a DpsG polymerase and a glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase; a dTDP-6-deoxy-D-glucose-3-5-epimerase; a dTDP-D-glucose-4 claim 17 ,6-dehydratase; and a dTDP-6-deoxy-L-mannose-dehydrogenase.20. The method of wherein the at least one diutan biosynthetic enzyme comprises a DpsG polymerase and a rhamnosyl transferase IV; a glucosyl-isoprenylphosphate transferase I; a beta-1 claim 17 ,4-glucuronosyl transferase II; and a ...

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11-04-2013 дата публикации

METHOD OF PRODUCING A HYDROGEL

Номер: US20130089592A1
Принадлежит: STELLENBOSCH UNIVERSITY

The invention provides a method of enzymatically modifying xylan by selectively removing glucuronic acid and/or arabinose side chains from the xylan with a-D-glucuronidase and/or a-L-arabinofuranosidase, and allowing the modified xylan to form into a hydrogel when the xylan becomes insoluble. A bioactive substance, such as a protein, enzyme, antimicrobial agent, bactericide or pharmaceutical compound can be added to the xylan so that the substance is encapsulated within the hydrogel or incorporated onto its surface. The hydrogel can be used as a drug delivery agent, such as for sustained-release or targeted drug delivery, rectal drug delivery or a dressing for a wound, burn or scar. The hydrogel can also be used as a coating, such as on medical gloves, catheters, surgical drainage systems, utensils or the like, or can be used in a scaffold for tissue engineering. 1. A method of producing a hydrogel , the method comprising the steps of:enzymatically modifying xylan which contains glucuronic acid or a derivative thereof and/or arabinose side chains so that it has reduced solubility in water compared to naturally occurring xylan, by selectively removing glucuronic acid and/or arabinose side chains from the xylan with one or both of α-D-glucuronidase and α-L-arabinofuranosidase; andallowing the modified xylan to form a hydrogel which encapsulates a bioactive substance, wherein the bioactive substance is brought into contact with the modified xylan either before the hydrogel forms or after the hydrogel forms.2. A method according to claim 1 , which further includes the steps of contacting the modified xylan with a bioactive substance and allowing the bioactive substance to be immobilized on or within the hydrogel.3. A method according to claim 2 , wherein the bioactive substance is added to the xylan before the hydrogel forms.4. A method according to claim 2 , wherein the bioactive substance is added to the xylan after formation of the hydrogel.5. A method according to ...

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18-04-2013 дата публикации

Processes For Producing Fermentation Products

Номер: US20130095522A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to processes for producing fermentation products from starch-containing material, wherein liquefied mash is saccharified or pre-saccharified using a thermostable carbohydrate-source generating enzyme before fermentation or SSF. 120-. (canceled)21. A process for producing fermentation products from starch-containing material comprising the steps of:(a) liquefying the starch-containing material using an alpha-amylase;(b) saccharifying using a carbohydrate-source generating enzyme, wherein the carbohydrate-source generating enzyme has a heat stability at 70° C., pH 5.3, of at least 70% relative activity; and(c) fermenting using a fermenting organism.22. The process of claim 21 , wherein the carbohydrate-source generating enzyme is a glucoamylase.23. The process of claim 21 , wherein the carbohydrate-source generating enzyme has a heat stability of at least 80% relative activity.24. The process of claim 21 , wherein the carbohydrate-source generating enzyme has a relative activity at pH 4.5 of at least 80%.25. The process of claim 21 , wherein the carbohydrate-source generating enzyme has a pH stability at pH 4.5 of at least at least 80% relative activity.26Penicillium.. The process of claim 21 , wherein the carbohydrate-source generating enzyme is derived from a strain of27. The process of claim 21 , wherein the carbohydrate-source generating enzyme is a glucoamylase which has at least 80% identity to the mature polypeptide shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 in PCT/CN10/071753 or SEQ ID NO: 9 herein.28. The process of claim 21 , wherein saccharification is carried out at a temperature from 50° C. to 80° C.29. The process of claim 21 , wherein saccharification is carried out for 10 minutes to 6 hours.30. The process of claim 21 , wherein liquefaction is carried out using a bacterial alpha-amylase or a fungal alpha-amylase.31. The process of claim 21 , further comprising claim 21 , prior to liquefaction claim 21 , the steps of:(i) milling of starch- ...

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18-04-2013 дата публикации

POLYPEPTIDE HAVING ACETYL XYLAN ESTERASE ACTIVITY AND USES THEREOF

Номер: US20130095532A1
Принадлежит: DSM IP ASSETS B.V.

The invention relates to a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence set out in SEQ ID NO: 2 or an amino acid sequence encoded by the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, or a variant polypeptide or variant polynucleotide thereof, wherein the variant polypeptide has at least 82% sequence identity with the sequence set out in SEQ ID NO: 2 or the variant polynucleotide encodes a polypeptide that has at least 82% sequence identity with the sequence set out in SEQ ID NO: 2. The invention features the full length coding sequence of the novel gene as well as the amino acid sequence of the full-length functional polypeptide and functional equivalents of the gene or the amino acid sequence. The invention also relates to methods for using the polypeptide in industrial processes. Also included in the invention are cells transformed with a polynucleotide according to the invention suitable for producing these proteins. 1. A polypeptide which comprises the amino acid sequence set out in SEQ ID NO: 2 or an amino acid sequence encoded by the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:1 , or a variant polypeptide or variant polynucleotide thereof , wherein the variant polypeptide has at least 82% sequence identity with the sequence set out in SEQ ID NO: 2 or the variant polynucleotide encodes a polypeptide that has at least 82% sequence identity with the sequence set out in SEQ ID NO: 2.2. The polypeptide according to claim 1 , wherein said polypeptide has acetyl xylan esterase activity.3. A polynucleotide which comprises:(a) a nucleotide sequence set out in SEQ ID NO: 1; or(b) a nucleotide sequence which hybridizes selectively with a polynucleotide being a reverse complement of SEQ ID NO: 1; or(c) a nucleotide sequence having at least 80% sequence identity with the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1; or(d) a fragment which is at least about 100 nucleotides in length of a nucleotide sequence as defined in (a), (b) or (c) which is at least about 100 nucleotides in length; or(e) a ...

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25-04-2013 дата публикации

METHODS OF USING CELLULASE FOR REDUCING THE VISCOSITY OF FEEDSTOCK

Номер: US20130098356A1

The invention provides methods for treatment of feedstock to reduce the relative viscosity and promote release of fermentable sugars. 1. A method of decreasing the relative viscosity of feedstock comprising:incubating the feedstock with about 0.01 FPU to about 20 FPU cellulase/g dry weight of feedstock for about 10 minutes to about 10 hours at a pH of about 2 to about 6 at a temperature of about 40° C. to about 80° C.;thereby decreasing the relative viscosity of the feedstock.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the feedstock is a bagasse claim 1 , corn fiber claim 1 , corn stover claim 1 , a plant waste material claim 1 , a processing or agricultural byproduct claim 1 , a sugar cane claim 1 , monoenergy cane claim 1 , sorghum sudan claim 1 , Miscanthus claim 1 , switchgrass claim 1 , wheat claim 1 , milo claim 1 , bulgher claim 1 , barley claim 1 , rice claim 1 , corn claim 1 , beet claim 1 , or tree.3. (canceled)4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the feedstock is incubated with; about 0.05 FPU to about 20 FPU cellulase/g dry weight of feedstock; about 0.50 FPU to about 5 FPU cellulase/g dry weight of feedstock; or about 5 FPU to about 10 FPU cellulase/g dry weight of feedstock; or more.5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the feedstock is incubated for; about 10 minutes to about 6 hours; or for about 15 minutes to about 2 hours.8. (canceled)9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the relative viscosity after treatment is: less than 8000 cP; less than 6000 cP; less than 3000 cP; or less than 1500 cP.1012-. (canceled)13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pH is: about 2 to 6; about 2 to 5; about 2 to 4; about 2 to 3; or about 3 to 6.1417-. (canceled)18. The method of claim 13 , wherein the feedstock is incubated for about 10 minutes to about 6 hours or for about 15 minutes to about 2 hours.19. (canceled)20. The method of claim 13 , wherein the relative viscosity after treatment is: less than 8000 cP; less than 6000 cP; less than 3000 cP; or less ...

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09-05-2013 дата публикации

Method of producing sugar

Номер: US20130115660A1
Принадлежит: PROTERRO Inc

Provided herein is a transgenic bacteria engineered to accumulate carbohydrates, for example disaccharides. Also provided is a photobioreactor for cultivating photosynthetic microorganisms comprising a non-gelatinous, solid cultivation support suitable for providing nutrients and moisture to photosynthetic microorganisms and a physical barrier covering at least a portion of the surface of the cultivation support. Devices for the large scale and continuous cultivation of photosynthetic microorganisms incorporating photobioreactors and methods of use are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of producing fermentable sugar from photosynthetic microorganisms using a photobioreactor of the invention.

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23-05-2013 дата публикации

Polypeptides Having Beta-Glucosidase Activity, Beta-Xylosidase Activity, or Beta-Glucosidase and Beta-Xylosidase Activity and Polynucleotides Encoding Same

Номер: US20130130325A1
Автор: Morant Marc Dominique
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having beta-glucosidase activity, beta-xylosidase activity, or beta-glucosidase and beta-xylosidase activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides. 1. An isolated polypeptide having beta-glucosidase activity , beta-xylosidase activity , or beta-glucosidase and beta-xylosidase activity , selected from the group consisting of:(a) a polypeptide having at least 76% sequence identity to the mature polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 10, or SEQ ID NO: 12;(b) a polypeptide encoded by a polynucleotide that hybridizes under at least midium stringency conditions with (i) the mature polypeptide coding sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 or the cDNA sequence thereof, the mature polypeptide coding sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 or the cDNA sequence thereof, the mature polypeptide coding sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 or the cDNA sequence thereof, the mature polypeptide coding sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7 or the cDNA sequence thereof, the mature polypeptide coding sequence of SEQ ID NO: 9 or the cDNA sequence thereof, or the mature polypeptide coding sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11 or the cDNA sequence thereof, or (ii) the full-length complement of (i);(c) a polypeptide encoded by a polynucleotide having at least 76% sequence identity to the mature polypeptide coding sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 or the cDNA sequence thereof, the mature polypeptide coding sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 or the cDNA sequence thereof, the mature polypeptide coding sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 or the cDNA sequence thereof, the mature polypeptide coding sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7 or the cDNA sequence thereof, the mature polypeptide coding sequence of SEQ ID NO: 9 or the cDNA sequence thereof, or the mature polypeptide coding sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11 or the cDNA ...

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23-05-2013 дата публикации

Polypeptides Having Beta-Glucosidase Activity, Beta-Xylosidase Activity, or Beta-Glucosidase and Beta-Xylosidase Activity and Polynucleotides Encoding Same

Номер: US20130130326A1
Автор: Morant Marc Dominique
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having beta-glucosidase activity, beta-xylosidase activity, or beta-glucosidase and beta-xylosidase activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides. 1. An isolated polypeptide having beta-glucosidase activity , beta-xylosidase activity , or beta-glucosidase and beta-xylosidase activity , selected from the group consisting of:(a) a polypeptide having at least 80% sequence identity to the mature polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 2, or the mature polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 4;(b) a polypeptide encoded by a polynucleotide that hybridizes under at least high stringency conditions with (i) the mature polypeptide coding sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 or the cDNA sequence thereof, or the mature polypeptide coding sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 or the cDNA sequence thereof, or (ii) the full-length complement of (i);(c) a polypeptide encoded by a polynucleotide having at least 80% sequence identity to the mature polypeptide coding sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 or the cDNA sequence thereof, or the mature polypeptide coding sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 or the cDNA sequence thereof;(d) a variant of the mature polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 4 comprising a substitution, deletion, and/or insertion at one or more (e.g., several) positions; and(e) a fragment of the polypeptide of (a), (b), (c), or (d) that has beta-glucosidase activity, beta-xylosidase activity, or beta-glucosidase and beta-xylosidase activity.2. An isolated polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide of .3. A recombinant host cell comprising the polynucleotide of operably linked to one or more control sequences that direct the production of the polypeptide.4. A method of producing the polypeptide of claim 1 , comprising:(a) cultivating a cell, which in its wild-type form produces the polypeptide, under ...

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23-05-2013 дата публикации

Method of treating plant biomass

Номер: US20130130328A1
Принадлежит: Toyota Motor Corp

Plant biomass is immersed in a solution that contains a polar solvent and an imidazolium salt that has a melting point of at least 100° C. As a result, the cellulose and hemicellulose present in the plant biomass are relaxed (decrystallized and depolymerized) and brought into an easy-to-degrade state. Reacting the immersed plant biomass with a cellulase produces saccharide at a high conversion efficiency.

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23-05-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR EXTRACTING SUBSTANCES FROM SOAPBERRY FRUIT AND ITS SEEDS

Номер: US20130130329A1
Автор: Hsu Heng-Jui
Принадлежит:

An exclusive method for extracting active interface saponin and organic substances from soapberry; organic elements and oleic alcohol products from soapberry seeds through fermenting process, and end products made therefrom. By this method, every part of the soapberry is processed to become the raw material of varies of products and daily necessaries. Said method is toxin free and biologically safe, produce no solid and liquid wastage, zero carbon emissions, zero chemical pollution, low energy consumption and ecologically friendly. The end products produced by present invention are variables which can be applied in cosmetics, medicals, cleaning products, skin caring products and so on, thus, are with excellent economic value and industrial viability in mass production. 1. A method for extracting substances from soapberry fruit and its seeds , comprises following steps:{'b': 1', '1, 'Step : separate raw Soapberry fruits into pericarps and seeds, and store said pericarps under a constant temperature (T) for a predetermined time (S) to make them fermented naturally;'}{'b': 2', '1', '1', '1', '1, 'Step : put the fermented pericarps in step one inside a sealed tank, than fill in said sealed tank with liquid (W), then stand for 5-10 minutes, to make the foreign object attached on said pericarps being dissolved or moved by said liquid (W), supersonic vibrator or shifting the air pressure inside said sealed tank could be applied for speeding up the detachment of the foreign object on said pericarps, finally, take the pericarps out of the tank, and the liquid left in the tank becomes product which contains enzyme produced in step by fermenting;'}{'b': '3', 'Step : Put cleaned soapberry pericarps into a blender to grind them into the shattered mix of the pulp and fruit fiber;'}{'b': 4', '2', '2', '2, 'Step : Soak said shattered mix of the pulp and fruit fiber with liquid (W), then pouring them into an extractor; activate the extractor, and said pulp will be drained out of the ...

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23-05-2013 дата публикации

Compositions Comprising High Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid and Methods For Producing Same

Номер: US20130131009A1
Принадлежит: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER

This invention provides cell culture compositions which produce significant quantities of high molecular weight hyaluronic acid. The cell cultures are obtained from cells of mole rats, such as naked mole rats and blind mole rats. The high molecular weight hyaluronic acid can be collected in the conditioned media of these cell cultures. These cell cultures provide a convenient source of large quantities of high molecular weight hyaluronic acid.

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30-05-2013 дата публикации

HIGH PURITY GENTIOOLIGOSACCHARIDES OBTAINED THEREFROM AND USES THEREOF

Номер: US20130136840A1
Принадлежит: CORN PRODUCTS DEVELOPMENT, INC.

The present invention relates to methods for preparing high purity gentiooligosaccharides, high purity gentiooligosaccharides obtained therefrom, and uses thereof. The methods of the present invention involve: adding a low purity gentiooligosaccharide to a liquid medium; subjecting the liquid medium to inoculation with a microorganism, followed by incubation and fermentation to consume glucose that is contained in the low purity gentiooligosaccharide; and subjecting the resulting fermentation broth to filtration and purification. According to the method of the present invention, high purity gentiooligosaccharides having a purity of at least 90% that can be used as alternatives to foods such as cocoa, chocolate, coffee, beer, tea, bread or confectionery product, and beverage or the main ingredients thereof. 1. A method for preparing a high purity gentiooligosaccharide comprising:adding a low purity gentiooligosaccharide to a liquid medium;subjecting the liquid medium to inoculation with a microorganism, followed by incubation and fermentation to consume glucose that is contained in the low purity gentiooligosaccharide;removing the microorganism from the obtained fermentation broth; andsubjecting the obtained broth to purification.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the low purity gentiooligosaccharide contains 15 to 65% by weight of glucose and 35 to 85% by weight of gentiooligosaccharide.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the low purity gentiooligosaccharide is added to the liquid medium at a concentration of 5 to 70% (w/v).4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the microorganism consumes glucose as a carbon source while not consuming gentiooligosaccharide.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the microorganism is yeast claim 4 , bacteria or mold.6. A method for preparing a high purity gentiooligosaccharide comprising:adding a low purity gentiooligosaccharide to a liquid medium;subjecting the liquid medium to inoculation with a microorganism, followed by incubation and ...

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30-05-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF FERMENTABLE SUGARS FROM BIOMASS

Номер: US20130137147A1

A process for production of fermentable sugars from biomass using multi-enzyme multi-step system is provided herein. The process disclosed in the present invention provides high yielded sugars in less time period. The multi-enzyme system disclosed in the present invention converts celluloses, hemicelluloses and/or mixture thereof to fermentable sugar with higher efficiency and better economics than the process known in the prior art. Cellulose and hemicelluloses fractions derived from natural sources such as any lignocellulosic biomass are saccharified in a shortened time with higher conversion rates of intermediates with modified enzymatic compositions/groups of the Multi-enzyme system to enhance the rate thus providing an economical cellulose and hemicellulose saccharification process. 119-. (canceled)20. A process of production of fermentable sugars from hemicellulose using a multi-step multi-enzyme system , the process comprising:a. treating hemicellulose with at least one of endo-xylanases and exo-xylanase enzyme at a temperature ranging from 30° C. to 90° C. to obtain a hydrolysate; andb. separating the hydrolysate from the endo-xylanases and exo-xylanase enzyme to obtain a solution comprising oligosaccharides and monosugars; andc. treating the solution with xylosidase to obtain the fermentable sugars.21. The process of claim 20 , wherein the hemicelluloses do not contain more than 10% (w/w) lignin.22. The process of claim 20 , wherein the enzymes are cross-linked with one or more proteins claim 20 , one or more polymers claim 20 , or combinations thereof using one or more cross linking agents.23. The process of claim 22 , wherein the protein is selected from the group consisting of a first group of enzyme consisting of endo-glucanases claim 22 , exo-glucanases claim 22 , endo-xylanases claim 22 , exo-xylanases claim 22 , mannanases and galactanases claim 22 , xylosidases claim 22 , mannosidases and glucosidases; a second group of enzymes consisting of ...

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30-05-2013 дата публикации

Enhanced citric acid production in aspergillus with inactivated asparagine-linked glycosylation protein 3 (alg3), and/or increased laea expression

Номер: US20130137150A1
Автор: Scott E. Baker, Ziyu Dai
Принадлежит: Battelle Memorial Institute Inc

Provided herein are fungi, such as Aspergillus niger , having a dolichyl-P-Man:Man(5)GlcNAc(2)-PP-dolichyl mannosyltransferase (Alg3) gene genetic inactivation, increased expression of a loss of aflR expression A (Lae), or both. In some examples, such mutants have several phenotypes, including an increased production of citric acid relative to the parental strain. Methods of using the disclosed fungi to make citric acid are also provided, as are compositions and kits including the disclosed fungi.

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06-06-2013 дата публикации

ALGA IN WHICH PRODUCTION OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC PRODUCTS IS IMPROVED, AND USE FOR SAID ALGA

Номер: US20130143260A1
Принадлежит: JAPAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AGENCY

Provided are an alga in which productivity of a photosynthate is increased, and use of the alga. The alga of the present invention has an increased glutathione concentration in its chloroplast. A method of the present invention for producing biomass is a method for producing biomass with the use of the alga of the present invention or an alga produced by a method of the present invention for producing an alga. 1. An alga having an increased glutathione concentration in a chloroplast thereof as a result of transformation caused by introduction , into the alga , of an exogenous polynucleotide encoding a protein which is at least one protein selected from the group consisting of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase , glutathione synthetase , ATP-sulfurylase , adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate reductase , sulfite reductase , cysteine synthetase , and serine acetyl transferase.2. The alga according to claim 1 , wherein an expression amount and/or an activity of a protein are increased in the chloroplast claim 1 , said protein being at least one protein selected from the group consisting of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase claim 1 , glutathione synthetase claim 1 , ATP-sulfurylase claim 1 , adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate reductase claim 1 , sulfite reductase claim 1 , cysteine synthetase claim 1 , and serine acetyl transferase.3. (canceled)4. The alga according to claim 1 , wherein the polynucleotide encoding the γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase is selected from the group consisting of the following (a) to (d):(a) a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide consisting of the amino-acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1;(b) a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide which consists of an amino-acid sequence with deletion, substitution, or addition of one or several amino acids in the amino-acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 and which has a γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase activity;(c) a polynucleotide consisting of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2; and(d) a polynucleotide ...

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06-06-2013 дата публикации

RECYCLE OF LEACHATE DURING LIGNOCELLULOSIC CONVERSION PROCESSES

Номер: US20130143278A1
Принадлежит: Iogen Energy Corporation

The present invention provides a process for producing fermentable sugar or a fermentation product from a lignocellulosic feedstock. The process comprises leaching the lignocellulosic feedstock with an aqueous solution to remove at least potassium salts from the lignocellulosic feedstock and without significantly hydrolyzing hemicellulose and cellulose, thereby producing a leached feedstock and leachate. The leachate is removed from the leachate and concentrated. The leached feedstock is hydrolyzed to produce fermentable sugar, which may be fermented to produce a fermentation broth comprising the fermentation product. The concentrated leachate is recirculated to one or more stages in the process involving alkali addition to adjust the pH of a process stream. 1. (canceled)2. A process for producing a fermentation product from a lignocellulosic feedstock comprising the steps of:(i) leaching the lignocellulosic feedstock with an aqueous solution to remove at least potassium salts from said lignocellulosic feedstock and without significantly hydrolyzing hemicellulose and cellulose, thereby producing a leached feedstock and a leachate;(ii) removing the leachate from leached feedstock, said leachate comprising at least potassium salt;(iii) concentrating the leachate comprising the potassium salt to produce concentrated leachate;(iv) pretreating the leached feedstock with acid to produce an acid pretreated lignocellulosic feedstock;(v) optionally removing an aqueous stream from the acid pretreated lignocellulosic feedstock comprising the acid and at least xylose, increasing the pH of said aqueous stream to a pH between about 4.0 and 6.0 and then fermenting the xylose to produce a fermentation product;(vi) adjusting the pH of the acid pretreated lignocellulosic feedstock by alkali addition to produce a pH adjusted feedstock having a pH between about 4 and about 6;(vii) enzymatically hydrolyzing the pH adjusted feedstock with cellulase enzymes to produce a stream comprising ...

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13-06-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PROCESSING A LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS MATERIAL

Номер: US20130145682A1
Принадлежит: SHELL OIL COMPANY

Method for processing a lignocellulosic biomass material, comprising (a) a pretreatment process, in which the biomass is prepared for enzymatic hydrolysis, and (b) a subsequent hydrolysis process, in which the pretreated biomass is subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis of its cellulosic components to convert them into sugars, wherein the pretreatment process (a) is carried out in the presence of a tertiary polyamide additive. The additive may be used to improve the efficiency of the hydrolysis process (b). Also provided are processes for the production of a fermentation product from lignocellulosic biomass, and/or for the production of a biofuel or biofuel component. 1. A method for processing a lignocellulosic biomass material , the method comprising:pretreating a biomass material in the presence of a tertiary polyamide additive, said biomass material comprising one or more cellulosic components; andsubjecting the pretreated biomass material to enzymatic hydrolysis of the one or more cellulosic components to produce a sugar.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pretreating step is carried out at a temperature of from about 100 to 200° C.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pretreating step comprises contacting the biomass material with an acid.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tertiary polyamide additive is an amorphous polymer.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tertiary polyamide additive exists in an amorphous form during at least a portion of at least one step of the method.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tertiary polyamide additive is an amphiphilic polymer.7. he method of claim 1 , wherein the tertiary polyamide additive is a polymer having one or more amphiphilic molecular regions.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tertiary polyamide additive is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl pyrrolidones claim 1 , poly(alkyl oxazolines) claim 1 , and any combination thereof.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the molecular weight of the ...

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13-06-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRETREATMENT OF CELLULOSE FOR FERMENTATION IN AN AQUEOUS ENVIRONMENT

Номер: US20130149750A1
Автор: Brotherson Travis
Принадлежит: Quad County Corn Processors

A method for pretreating cellulose for fermentation in an aqueous environment comprises the steps of: grinding a biomass to reduce its particle size, adding water to the ground biomass to create a slurry, soaking the slurry, heating the slurry at a first pressure greater than atmospheric pressure, reducing the pressure of the slurry, reducing the temperature of the slurry, determining whether the enzymes used require preliminary enzymatic hydrolysis, and performing preliminary enzymatic hydrolysis on the slurry if the enzymes used require preliminary enzymatic hydrolysis. 1. A method for pretreating cellulose for fermentation in an aqueous environment , the method comprising the steps of:a) grinding a biomass to reduce its particle size;b) adding liquid to the ground biomass to create a slurry;c) soaking the slurry;d) heating the slurry at a first pressure greater than atmospheric pressure;e) reducing the pressure of the slurry;f) reducing the temperature of the slurry;g) adding enzymes to the slurry;h) determining whether the enzymes used require preliminary enzymatic hydrolysis; andi) performing preliminary enzymatic hydrolysis on the slurry if the enzymes used require preliminary enzymatic hydrolysis.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step performed after step i) of performing fermentation at a temperature lower than the temperature of the preliminary enzymatic hydrolysis on the slurry if the enzymes used require preliminary enzymatic hydrolysis.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step performed after step i) of performing combined enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation on the slurry if the enzymes used do not require preliminary enzymatic hydrolysis.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step performed after step d) of determining the particle size of the slurry and regrinding the slurry at the first pressure if the particle size is above a first value.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step performed after ...

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20-06-2013 дата публикации

Compositions Comprising A Polypeptide Having Cellulolytic Enhancing Activity And A Heterocyclic Compound And Uses Thereof

Номер: US20130157314A1
Принадлежит: NOVOZYMES, INC.

The present invention relates to compositions comprising: a polypeptide having cellulolytic enhancing activity and a heterocyclic compound. The present invention also relates to methods of using the compositions. 1. A composition comprising: (a) a polypeptide having cellulolytic enhancing activity and (b) a heterocyclic compound , wherein the combination of the polypeptide having cellulolytic enhancing activity and the heterocyclic compound enhances hydrolysis of a cellulosic material by a cellulolytic enzyme.6. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the heterocyclic compound is selected from the group consisting of: (I-1): (1 claim 2 ,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3 claim 2 ,4-dihydroxyfuran-2(5H)-one; (I-2): 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone; (I-3): 5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone; (I-4): [1 claim 2 ,2-dihydroxyethyl]furan-2 claim 2 ,3 claim 2 ,4(5H)-trione; (I-5): α-hydroxy-γ-butyrolactone; (I-6): ribonic γ-lactone; (I-7): glucuronic acid γ-lactone; (I-8): dihydrobenzofuran; (I-9): 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural; (I-10): furoin; (I-11): 2(5H)-furanone; (II-1): gluconic acid δ-lactone; (II-2): 4-hydroxycoumarin; (II-3): 5 claim 2 ,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; (II-4): 5 claim 2 ,6-dihydro-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one; (II-5): 1 claim 2 ,5-anhydro-2-deoxy-arabino-hex-1-enitol; and (II-6): 3-deoxy-erythro-hexosulose; 3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole; or a salt or solvate thereof.7. The composition of claim 1 , which further comprises (c) one or more enzymes selected from the group consisting of a cellulase claim 1 , a hemicellulase claim 1 , an esterase claim 1 , an expansin claim 1 , a laccase claim 1 , a ligninolytic enzyme claim 1 , a pectinase claim 1 , a peroxidase claim 1 , a protease claim 1 , and a swollenin.8. A method for degrading or converting a cellulosic material claim 1 , comprising: treating the cellulosic material with an enzyme composition in the presence of a polypeptide having cellulolytic enhancing activity and a heterocyclic compound claim 1 , wherein the combination of the ...

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20-06-2013 дата публикации

INCREASED POLY (ALPHA 1,3 GLUCAN) YIELD USING BORIC ACID

Номер: US20130157316A1
Принадлежит: E I DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY

A process for production of poly(α1,3 glucan) from a renewable feedstock, for applications in fibers, films, and pulps. The effect of addition of boric acid in increasing the yield of the desired end products, poly(α1,3 glucan) and fructose, and decreasing formation of the undesired by-product leucrose. 2) The reaction solution of further comprising at least one primer.3) The reaction solution of wherein the primer is dextran.4) The reaction solution of wherein the primer is hydrolyzed poly(α1 claim 2 ,3 glucan).5) The reaction solution of wherein the primer is from any low to med molecular weight (340 Dalton-50 claim 2 ,000 Dalton) glucose-based carbohydrate.6) The reaction solution of wherein the primer is from any low to med (340 Dalton-50 claim 2 ,000 Dalton) non-glucose-based carbohydrate.7) The reaction solution of wherein the primer is from any combination of any low to med molecular weight glucose-based carbohydrate.8) The reaction solution of wherein the enzyme of (a) is a primer dependent enzyme.9) The reaction solution of wherein the primer is glucose.10) The reaction solution of wherein the enzyme of (a) is a primer independent enzyme.11) The reaction solution of wherein more than one enzyme of (a) is present in the reaction solution.12) The reaction solution of wherein one gtf enzyme is primer dependent and one gtf enzyme is a primer independent enzyme.13) The reaction solution of wherein the concentration of boric acid in the reaction solution is from about 100 millimolar to about 600 millimolar.14) The reaction solution of wherein the reaction pH is maintained from 6.5 to 8.1.15) The reaction solution of wherein the yield of poly(α1 claim 1 ,3 glucan) formed in the reaction solution improves from 0.08-0.1 g glucan/g sucrose to 0.25 g glucan/g sucrose.17) The process of wherein the yield of leucrose formed decreases from 44% sucrose to 4% of sucrose converted.18) The process of wherein the reaction pH is maintained from 6.5 to 8.0.19) The process of ...

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20-06-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION TREATMENT OF LIGNOCELLULOSE-CONTAINING BIOMASS, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING ETHANOL FROM LIGNOCELLULOSE-CONTAINING BIOMASS

Номер: US20130157318A1
Принадлежит: OJI HOLDINGS CORPORATION

A method for the enzymatic saccharification of a lignocellulosic raw material, including adding a pretreated lignocellulosic raw material as a material suitable for an enzymatic saccharification reaction, together with an electrolyte containing a water-soluble salt, to water that contains a celluolose saccharification enzyme; saccharifying the raw material by an enzymatic saccharification reaction, as a suspension of the raw material having an electrical conductivity adjusted to 5-25 mS/cm; separating and recovering a reaction product and an enzyme-containing solution from the enzymatically saccharified treatment suspension; and recycling the recovered enzyme-containing solution as the enzyme for the enzymatic saccharification step. 1. A method for the enzymatic saccharification treatment of a lignocellulose-based raw material , comprising:adding a lignocellulose-based raw material which has been subjected to a pretreatment for making the raw material appropriate for an enzymatic saccharification reaction, and an electrolyte containing a water-soluble salt, to water containing a cellulose saccharification enzyme;subjecting the lignocellulose-based raw material as a raw material suspension whose electrical conductivity has been adjusted to 5 mS/cm to 25 mS/cm, to an enzymatic saccharification treatment through an enzymatic saccharification reaction;separating and recovering the reaction product and an enzyme-containing solution from the treated suspension after the enzymatic saccharification treatment; andrecycling the recovered enzyme-containing solution as an enzyme for the enzymatic saccharification treatment process.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the pretreatment includes a immersing the lignocellulose-based raw material in a solution containing an alkali selected from sodium hydroxide claim 1 , potassium hydroxide claim 1 , calcium hydroxide claim 1 , sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogen carbonate claim 1 , or a mixture thereof claim 1 , or a ...

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27-06-2013 дата публикации

Compositions Comprising A Polypeptide Having Cellulolytic Enhancing Activity And A Quinone Compound And Uses Thereof

Номер: US20130164791A1
Принадлежит: NOVOZYMES, INC.

The present invention relates to compositions comprising: a polypeptide having cellulolytic enhancing activity and a quinone compound. The present invention also relates to methods of using the compositions. 1. A composition comprising: (a) a polypeptide having cellulolytic enhancing activity and (b) a quinone compound , wherein the combination of the polypeptide having cellulolytic enhancing activity and the quinone compound enhances hydrolysis of a cellulosic material by a cellulolytic enzyme.3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the quinone compound is selected from the group consisting of: (I-1): 1 claim 2 ,4-benzoquinone; (I-2): 1 claim 2 ,4-naphthoquinone; (I-3): 2-hydroxy-1 claim 2 ,4-naphthoquinone; (I-4): 2 claim 2 ,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1 claim 2 ,4-benzoquinone or coenzyme Q; (I-5): 2 claim 2 ,3 claim 2 ,5 claim 2 ,6-tetramethyl-1 claim 2 ,4-benzoquinone or duroquinone; (I-6): 1 claim 2 ,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone; (II-1): 3-hydroxy-1-methyl-5 claim 2 ,6-indolinedione or adrenochrome; (II-2): 4-tert-butyl-5-methoxy-1 claim 2 ,2-benzoquinone; and (II-3): pyrroloquinoline quinone; or a salt or solvate thereof.4. The composition of claim 1 , which further comprises (c) one or more enzymes selected from the group consisting of a cellulase claim 1 , a hemicellulase claim 1 , an esterase claim 1 , an expansin claim 1 , a laccase claim 1 , a ligninolytic enzyme claim 1 , a pectinase claim 1 , a peroxidase claim 1 , a protease claim 1 , and a swollenin.5. A method for degrading or converting a cellulosic material claim 1 , comprising: treating the cellulosic material with an enzyme composition in the presence of a polypeptide having cellulolytic enhancing activity and a quinone compound claim 1 , wherein the combination of the polypeptide having cellulolytic enhancing activity and the quinone compound enhances hydrolysis of the cellulosic material by the enzyme composition.6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising recovering the degraded cellulosic material.7. ...

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04-07-2013 дата публикации

SYNTHESIS OF NEW SIALOOLIGOSACCHARIDE DERIVATIVES

Номер: US20130171696A1
Принадлежит: GLYCOM A/S

The invention relates to a method for the synthesis of compounds of general formula (1A) and salts thereof wherein one of the R groups is an α-sialyl moiety and the other is H, Xrepresents a carbohydrate linker, A is a D-glucopyranosyl unit optionally substituted with fucosyl, Ris a protecting group that is removable by hydrogenolysis, the integer m is 0 or 1, by a transsialidation reaction. 2BifidobacteriumTrypanosoma cruzi.. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the enzyme having transsialidase activity is selected from sialidases derived from species and transsialidases derived from3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the enzyme having transsialidase activity is an engineered enzyme.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the sialyl donor is selected from the group consisting of 2-O-(p-nitrophenyl)-α-D-sialoside claim 1 , 2-O-(4-methylumbelliferyl)-α-D-sialoside claim 1 , fetuin and 3′-O-sialyl-lactose.8. The method according to or claim 1 , wherein compounds of general formula 1-3B or 1-3C and salts thereof are selected from the group consisting of R-glycosides of lactose claim 1 , lacto-N-neotetraose claim 1 , para-lacto-N-hexaose claim 1 , para-lacto-N-neohexaose claim 1 , lacto-N-neohexaose claim 1 , para-lacto-N-octaose and lacto-N-neooctaose claim 1 , lacto-N-tetraose claim 1 , lacto-N-hexaose claim 1 , lacto-N-octaose claim 1 , iso-lacto-N-octaose claim 1 , lacto-N-decaose and lacto-N-neodecaose optionally substituted with one or more sialyl and/or fucosyl residue and having sialyl substituent in 3-OH of a terminal galactosyl residue claim 1 , and salts thereof.9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the compounds are selected from the group consisting of R-glycosides of Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-4Glc (3′-O—(N-acetyl-neuraminosyl)-lactose) claim 8 , Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)Glc (3-O-fucosyl-3′-O—(N-acetyl-neuraminosyl)-lactose) claim 8 , Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-3GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glc (LST a) claim 8 , Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glc claim 8 , ...

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18-07-2013 дата публикации

Polypeptides Having Beta-Glucosidase Activity, Beta-Xylosidase Activity, or Beta-Glucosidase Activity and Beta-Xylosidase Activity And Polynucleotides Encoding Same

Номер: US20130183713A1
Автор: Morant Marc
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having beta-glucosidase activity, beta-xylosidase activity, or beta-glucosidase and beta-xylosidase activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides. 1. An isolated polypeptide having beta-glucosidase activity , beta-xylosidase activity , or beta-glucosidase and beta-xylosidase activity , selected from the group consisting of:(a) a polypeptide having at least 75% sequence identity to the mature polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 2 or SEQ ID NO: 12; at least 80% sequence identity to the mature polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 8, or SEQ ID NO: 10; or at least 85% sequence identity to the mature polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 4;(b) a polypeptide encoded by a polynucleotide that hybridizes under at least high stringency conditions with (i) the mature polypeptide coding sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 or the cDNA sequence thereof, SEQ ID NO: 3 or the cDNA sequence thereof, SEQ ID NO: 5 or the cDNA sequence thereof, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 9, or SEQ ID NO: 11, or (ii) the full-length complement of (i);(c) a polypeptide encoded by a polynucleotide having at least 75% sequence identity to the mature polypeptide coding sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 or the cDNA sequence thereof or SEQ ID NO: 11; at least 80% sequence identity to the mature polypeptide coding sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 or the cDNA sequence thereof, SEQ ID NO: 7, or SEQ ID NO: 9; or at least 85% sequence identity to the mature polypeptide coding sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 or the cDNA sequence thereof; and(d) a fragment of the polypeptide of (a), (b), (c), or (d) that has beta-glucosidase activity, beta-xylosidase activity, or beta-glucosidase and beta-xylosidase activity.2. An isolated polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide of .3. A recombinant host cell comprising the polynucleotide of operably ...

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18-07-2013 дата публикации

PROCESSING BIOMASS

Номер: US20130183720A1
Принадлежит: XYLECO, INC.

Biomass feedstocks (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) are processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems are described that can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce a product or intermediate, e.g., energy, a food, a fuel, or a material. 1. A method of making a product , the method comprising:providing a cellulosic or lignocellulosic material having a plurality of pendent carboxylic acid groups;mixing the material in a fluid that includes water to provide a dispersion that has a first pH; andadding base to the dispersion to increase its pH to a second pH higher than the first pH.2. The method of wherein the first pH is between 2.5 and 4.5.3. The method of wherein the second pH is between about 5 and 7.4. The method of further comprising adding a saccharifying agent to the dispersion to saccharify the cellulosic or lignocellulosic material.5. The method of further comprising contacting the saccharified material with a microorganism.6. The method of wherein the product comprises a fuel.7. The method of wherein the product comprises an alcohol.8. The method of wherein the saccharifying agent comprises a cellulase. This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/704,519, filed Feb. 11, 2010, which claims benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/151,724, filed Feb. 11, 2009. The entire disclosure of the above application(s) are incorporated by reference herein.Various carbohydrates, such as cellulosic and lignocellulosic materials, e.g., in fibrous form, are produced, processed, and used in large quantities in a number of applications. Often such materials are used once, and then discarded as waste, or are simply considered to be waste materials, e.g., sewage, bagasse, sawdust, and stover.Various cellulosic and lignocellulosic materials, their uses, and applications have been described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,307 ...

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25-07-2013 дата публикации

GALACTO-OLIGOSACCHARIDE-CONTAINING COMPOSITION AND A METHOD OF PRODUCING IT

Номер: US20130189746A1
Принадлежит: ARLA FOODS AMBA

The present invention relates to a method of producing compositions containing galacto-oligosaccharides as well as to galacto-oligosaccharide-containing compositions as such. 1. A method of producing a composition comprising one or more galacto-oligosaccharide(s) , the method comprising the steps of: a galactosyl donor comprising a galactosyl group bound to a leaving group, which galactosyl donor has a molar weight of at most 350 g/mol,', 'a galactosyl acceptor which is different from the galactosyl donor, said galactosyl acceptor is a saccharide or a sugar-alcohol, and, 'a) providing a mixture comprising'}wherein the molar ratio between the galactosyl acceptor and the galactosyl donor is at least 1:10, and wherein the mixture comprises at least 0.05 mol/L of the galactosyl acceptor,b) providing an enzyme having beta-galactosidase activity and having a T-value of at most 0.9, said enzyme contacting the mixture, andc) allowing the enzyme to release the leaving group of the galactosyl donor and transfer the galactosyl group of the galactosyl donor to the galactosyl acceptor, thus forming the galacto-oligosaccharide, and thereby obtaining the composition comprising the galacto-oligosaccharide.2. The method according to any of the preceding claims , wherein the leaving group of the galactosyl donor is a glycosyl group.3. The method according to any of the preceding claims , wherein the enzyme comprises:an amino acid sequence having a sequence identity of at least 80% relative to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO. 2, oran amino acid sequence having a sequence identity of at least 80% relative to the amino acid sequence Met (1) to Ile (1174) of SEQ ID NO. 2, oran amino acid sequence having a sequence identity of at least 80% relative to the amino acid sequence Met (1) to Gly (1752) of SEQ ID NO. 2, oran amino acid sequence having a sequence identity of at least 80% relative to the amino acid sequence Val (33) to Ile (1174) of SEQ ID NO. 2.4. The method according to any ...

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25-07-2013 дата публикации

Sphingomonas Strains Producing Greatly Increased Yield of PHB-Deficient Sphingan (Diutan)

Номер: US20130189748A1
Принадлежит: CP KELCO U.S., INC.

PHB-deficient strains having improved sphingan yield are provided. Certain of the strains are diutan-producing strains that exhibit a dramatic improvement in productivity and yield due to a combination of certain genetic modifications that affect PHB and sphingan synthesis. Moreover, the sphingans produced from such strains have superior characteristics including improved filterability, clarity, and improved rheology-modifying characteristics. The sphingans provided are, thus, highly desirable in a variety of commercial and industrial uses, including personal care items, cement applications, and oilfield applications. 1Sphingomonas,SphingomonasSphingomonas. A mutant strain of a genus comprising: at least one genetic modification that substantially or entirely eliminates a production of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB); at least one genetic modification that results in increased production of a sphingan , wherein said genetic modification resulting in increased production of a sphingan comprises a genetic modification that increases the expression of at least one gene involved in sphingan synthesis , wherein said at least one gene involved in sphingan synthesis is selected from the group consisting of the genes contained in the insert in plasmids pS8 (SEQ ID NO: 1) , pX6 (SEQ ID NO: 54) , the plasmid contained in strain ATCC PTA-10102 , the plasmid contained in strain ATCC PTA-10103 , and homologs thereof; whereby the mutant strain of the genus produces an increased production of a sphingan that is essentially free of PHB relative to a congenic strain containing the at least one genetic modification that substantially or entirely eliminates the production of PHB and lacking the at least one genetic modification that results in increased production of a sphingan.2Sphingomonas. The mutant strain of the genus of claim 1 , wherein the sphingan is selected from the group consisting of diutan claim 1 , S-7 claim 1 , gellan claim 1 , S-88 claim 1 , welan claim 1 , rhamsan claim 1 ...

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01-08-2013 дата публикации

BIOPHARMACEUTICAL PROCESS APPARATUSES ASSEMBLED INTO A COLUMN

Номер: US20130196375A1
Автор: Strobbe Per
Принадлежит: STROBBE TECH A/S

A bio factory apparatus capable of Up-Stream production of biologic material products or biologics products in a liquid volume and processing of biologic or biologic material products Down-Stream, comprising at least one first Up-Stream producing capsule and at least one second Down-Stream processing capsule, said capsules capable of being stacked in any order and any number within a column. 1. A bioreactor apparatus having a top capsule and a bottom capsule , the apparatus comprising a cultivation capsule having a production device for producing a biologic product , and a second upstream capsule , wherein said capsules are stacked and locked in a column , with the proviso that the top capsule and bottom capsule are not pump capsules at the same time.2. The apparatus of wherein the production device is in the top capsule or bottom capsule.3. The apparatus of further comprising an external fluid conveyance device claim 1 , such as a pump means claim 1 , connected to the column.4. The apparatus of comprising liquid nutrient media and micro organisms.5. The apparatus of wherein the top capsule and bottom capsule are in operable and liquid contact with each other and capable of regulating liquid to and from said bioreactor apparatus.6. The apparatus of wherein the production device comprises a porous matrix or a matrix body for retaining micro organisms.7. The apparatus of wherein the second up stream capsule is selected from a manifold capsule claim 1 , cultivation capsule claim 1 , active fluid conveyance capsule claim 1 , passive fluid conveyance capsule claim 1 , fluid collecting container claim 1 , valve capsule claim 1 , column end capsule claim 1 , conditioning capsule claim 1 , size adaptor capsule claim 1 , power supply capsules claim 1 , data acquisition capsules claim 1 , control capsule and storage capsule.8. The apparatus of claim 1 , comprising a further up-stream function selected from cultivation claim 1 , separation claim 1 , filtration claim 1 , ...

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01-08-2013 дата публикации

INCREASED POLY (ALPHA 1,3 GLUCAN) YIELD USING TETRABORATE

Номер: US20130196384A1
Принадлежит: E I DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY

A process for production of poly (α 1,3 glucan) from a renewable feedstock, for applications in fibers, films, and pulps. The effect of addition of tetraborate in increasing the yield of the desired end products, poly (α 1,3 glucan) and fructose, and decreasing formation of the undesired by-product leucrose. 2) The reaction solution of further comprising at least one primer.3) The reaction solution of wherein the primer is dextran.4) The reaction solution of wherein the primer is hydrolyzed poly (α 1 claim 2 ,3 glucan).5) The reaction solution of wherein the primer is from any low to med molecular weight (340 Dalton-50 claim 2 ,000 Dalton) glucose-based carbohydrate.6) The reaction solution of wherein the primer is from any low to med (340 Dalton-50 claim 2 ,000 Dalton) non-glucose-based carbohydrate.7) The reaction solution of wherein the primer is from any combination of any low to med molecular weight glucose-based carbohydrate.8) The reaction solution of wherein the enzyme of (a) is a primer dependent enzyme.9) The reaction solution of wherein the primer is glucose.10) The reaction solution of wherein the enzyme of (a) is a primer independent enzyme.11) The reaction solution of wherein more than one enzyme of (a) is present in the reaction solution.12) The reaction solution of wherein one gtf enzyme is primer dependent and one gtf enzyme is a primer independent enzyme.13) The reaction solution of wherein the concentration of tetraborate in the reaction solution is from about 100 millimolar to about 150 millimolar.14) The reaction solution of wherein the reaction pH is maintained from 6.0 to 7.75.15) The reaction solution of wherein the yield of poly (α 1 claim 1 ,3 glucan) formed in the reaction solution improves from 0.16 g glucan/g sucrose to 0.30 g glucan/g sucrose.17) The process of wherein the yield of leucrose formed decreases from 44% sucrose to 4% of sucrose converted.18) The process of wherein the reaction pH is maintained from 6.5 to 8.0.19) The ...

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01-08-2013 дата публикации

PmST2 ENZYME FOR CHEMOENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS OF ALPHA-2-3-SIALYLGLYCOLIPIDS

Номер: US20130196385A1
Автор: Chen Xi, Lau Kam, Thon Vireak

The present invention provides novel methods for preparing glycolipid products. Novel sialyltransferases are also disclosed. 1. A method of preparing a glycolipid product , the method comprising: SEQ ID NO:4 (PmST2),', {'sub': '6', 'SEQ ID NO:5 (PmST2-His), and'}, {'sub': '6', 'SEQ ID NO:6 (MBP-PmST2-His),'}], 'a) forming a reaction mixture comprising an acceptor glycolipid, a donor substrate comprising a sugar moiety and a nucleotide, and a polypeptide selected from the group consisting ofwherein the reaction mixture is formed under conditions sufficient to transfer the sugar moiety from the donor substrate to the acceptor glycolipid, thereby forming the glycolipid product.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acceptor glycolipid comprises a galactoside moiety.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the galactoside moiety is selected from the group consisting of a β1-4 linked galactoside moiety and a β1-3 linked galactoside moiety.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the acceptor glycolipid comprises a lactoside moiety or an N-acetyl lactoside moiety.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the acceptor glycolipid comprises a Galβ1-3GlcNAc moiety or a Galβ1-3GalNAc moiety.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nucleotide sugar comprises a cytidine 5′-monophosphate (CMP)-sialic acid.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the CMP-sialic acid comprises cytidine 5′-monophosphate N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-Neu5Ac) or a CMP-Neu5Ac analog.8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising:b) forming a reaction mixture comprising a CMP-sialic acid synthetase, cytidine triphosphate, and N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) or a Neu5Ac analog under conditions sufficient to form the CMP-Neu5Ac or CMP-Neu5Ac analog.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein steps a) and b) are performed in one pot.10. The method of claim 8 , further comprising:c) forming a reaction mixture comprising a sialic acid aldolase, pyruvic acid or derivatives thereof, and N-acetylmannosamine or derivatives thereof under conditions ...

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01-08-2013 дата публикации

Biocementation of particulate material in suspension

Номер: US20130196419A1

The present invention is directed to a composition and method to decrease the amount of particulate material in suspension, both in a liquid or in air, especially in industrial processes that generate suspended particulate material. In particular, the invention is directed to a composition and method to decrease the amount of particulate material in suspension in air or a liquid through agglomeration and subsequent biocementation, by application of an exopolysaccharide (EPS) source that can be direct or through inoculation with microorganisms that produce said EPS. This allows in a first step to settle the particulate material and subsequently the cementation of the material when there are calcium containing compounds in the particulate material that has been settled in the first step, by means of the inoculation of a second class of microorganisms that have ureolytic activity.

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01-08-2013 дата публикации

SACCHARIDE-SOLUTION PRODUCING APPARATUS, FERMENTATION SYSTEM, SACCHARIDE-SOLUTION PRODUCING METHOD, AND FERMENTATION METHOD

Номер: US20130196424A1

A saccharide-solution producing apparatus A according to the present invention is a saccharide-solution producing apparatus for producing a saccharide solution derived from a carbohydrate-based material , and includes a saccharide-solution controlling unit A that controls the saccharide solution derived from the carbohydrate-based material , a cellulosic biomass saccharifying unit that saccharifies hydrothermally treated biomass obtained by hydrothermally decomposing a cellulosic biomass material that contains a lignin component and a hemicellulose component, and produces a diluted saccharide solution , and a diluted-saccharide-solution supply pipe L that mixes the diluted saccharide solution produced by the cellulosic biomass saccharifying unit into the saccharide-solution controlling unit A. With this configuration, it is possible to improve production efficiency of the saccharide solution and to realize cost reduction. 1. A saccharide-solution producing apparatus comprising:a saccharide-solution controlling unit that produces a saccharide solution derived from a carbohydrate-based material;a cellulosic biomass saccharifying unit that saccharifies hydrothermally treated biomass obtained by hydrothermally decomposing a cellulosic biomass material containing a lignin component and a hemicellulose component to produce a diluted saccharide solution, a concentration of which is equal to or higher than 0.1 mass % and equal to or lower than 15 mass %; anda diluted-saccharide-solution supply pipe that supplies a diluted saccharide solution produced by the cellulosic biomass saccharifying unit into the saccharide-solution controlling unit.2. The saccharide-solution producing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the saccharide solution is obtained by saccharifying the carbohydrate-based material or is discharged or squeezed from the carbohydrate-based material.3. The saccharide-solution producing apparatus according to claim 1 , whereinthe cellulosic biomass ...

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01-08-2013 дата публикации

REDUCED SUGAR SYRUPS AND METHODS OF MAKING REDUCED SUGAR SYRUPS

Номер: US20130197104A1
Принадлежит:

A reduced sugar syrup having an advantageously low viscosity is prepared by hydrolysis of starch or starchy material using a particular type of alpha amylase enzyme which yields a saccharide distribution having a low DP1-2 and low DP11+ content. The DP4 content of the syrup may be favorably increased by using a maltotetragenic alpha amylase enzyme in combination with the aforementioned alpha amylase enzyme. The syrup is useful in the production of food, beverage, animal feed, animal health and nutrition, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic compositions and may be combined with a high intensity sweetener to provide a composition capable of being substituted for conventional corn syrups. 1. A method of making a reduced sugar , lower viscosity syrup for food , beverage , animal feed , animal health and nutrition , pharmaceutical , and cosmetic compositions , comprising:(a) jet cooking a slurry of a starch or a starchy material, a first alpha amylase enzyme and an aqueous medium at a first temperature of from about 100° C. to about 115° C.;(b) maintaining the slurry at a second temperature of from about 80° C. to about 95° C. for a time effective to hydrolyze the starch or starchy material to provide a reaction product having a saccharide distribution having a DP1+DP2 content of about 10% to about 25%, a DP3-11 content of about 70% to about 90%, and a DP11+ content of 0% to about 15%, wherein the first alpha amylase enzyme is a polypeptide encoded by a nucleic acid having at least 70% sequence identity to GenBank Accession No. AF504065 or an amino acid sequence comprising an enzymatically active fragment of said polypeptide; 'wherein the only type of enzyme used in the method is alpha amylase.', '(c) subjecting the reaction product to one or more purification or processing steps to provide the reduced sugar, lower viscosity syrup;'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein (c) comprises filtering the reaction product.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein (c) comprises contacting the ...

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08-08-2013 дата публикации

Alpha-Amylase Variant With Altered Properties

Номер: US20130203124A1
Принадлежит: NOVOZYMES A/S

The present invention relates to variants (mutants) of parent Termamyl-like alpha-amylases, which variant has alpha-amylase activity and exhibits altered properties relative to the parent alpha-amylase. 1. A variant of a parent Termamyl-like alpha-amylase , comprising an alteration at one or more positions selected from the group of:5, 6, 36, 37, 38, 39, 42, 45, 47, 63, 66, 69, 70, 71, 72, 74, 75, 76, 79, 82, 83, 86, 87, 89, 93, 112, 113, 117, 120, 137, 213, 216, 220, 223, 225, 226, 227, 229, 243, 245, 279, 282, 311, 321, 324, 352, 353, 354, 357, 361, 362, 364, 368, 390, 395, 397, 399, 400, 401, 425, 451, 452, 453, 466, 468, 470, 471, 478,wherein (i) an insertion of an amino acid downstream of the amino acid which occupies the position,', '(ii) a deletion of the amino acid which occupies the position, or', '(iii) a substitution of the amino acid which occupies the position with a different amino acid,, '(a) the alteration(s) are independently'}{'i': 'Bacillus licheniformis', '(b) the variant has alpha-amylase activity and (c) each position corresponds to a position of the amino acid sequence of the parent Termamyl-like alpha-amylase having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 8 (alpha-amylase).'}2. A variant of a parent Termamyl-like alpha-amylase , comprising one or more of the following substitutions:X1A,R,N,D,C,Q,E,G,H,I,L,K,M,F,P,S,T,W,Y;X2R,N,D,C,Q,E,G,H,I,L,K,M,F,S,T,W,Y,V;X3A,R,N,D,C,Q,E,G,H,I,L,K,M,F,P,S,T,W,Y;X4A,R,N,D,C,Q,E,G,H,I,L,K,M,F,P,S,T,W,Y,V;X13R,N,D,C,Q,E,G,H,K,M,P,S,T,W;X14A,R,D,C,G,K,M,P,W;X16R,N,D,C,Q,E,G,H,I,L,K,M,F,S,T,W,Y,V;X17A,R,N,D,C,Q,E,G,H,I,L,K,M,F,P,S,T,W,Y,V;X18A,R,N,D,C,Q,E,G,H,I,L,K,M,F,P,S,T,W,Y,V;X20A,R,N,D,C,Q,E,G,H,I,L,K,M,F,P,S,T,W,Y,V;X23A,R,N,D,C,Q,E,G,H,I,L,M,F,P,S,W,Y,V;X24A,R,N,D,C,Q,E,G,H,I,L,K,M,F,P,S,T,W,Y,V;X26A,D,C,E,G,H,I,L,M,F,P,S,T,W,V;X34A,R,N,C,Q,E,G,H,I,L,K,M,F,P,T,W,Y,V;X35A,R,N,D,C,Q,E,G,H,K,M,F,P,S,T,W,Y,V;X49A,C,G,H,P,T;X50A,R,N,C,Q,E,G,H,K,M,F,P,S,W;X51A,N,D,C,Q,E,G,H,I,L,M,F,P,S,T,W,Y,V;X52A,R,D,C, ...

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08-08-2013 дата публикации

CELLULOSIC PROCESSING TRAIT DEVELOPMENT USING A THERMOREGULATED, INTEIN-MODIFIED XYLANASE

Номер: US20130203125A1
Принадлежит: AGRIVIDA, INC.

In planta consolidated bioprocessing has the advantages of decreasing biomass pretreatment costs, utilizing excess plant protein production capacity for enzyme production, and decreasing mass transfer resistance of enzyme diffusion to its substrate. However, in planta expression of cell wall degrading (CWD) enzymes often leads to detrimental plant phenotypes that impact crop yield. To provide in planta CWD enzyme activity without any adverse phenotype, a thermostable xylanase, XynB (EC 3.2.1.8), was engineered with a thermoregulated intein, Tth-HB27 DnaE-1 (Tth intein), that controls its hydrolytic activity through conditional intein splicing. Maize plants expressing the heat inducible Tth intein-modified XynB developed normally, yet possessed enhanced post harvest glucose production from dried corn stover. Expression of CWD enzymes as dormant, intein-modified proteins that can be activated by heat treatment after harvest provides the basis for developing a novel cellulosic processing trait in plants. 1. A transgenic plant having an autohydrolytic trait , the transgenic plant comprising an expression vector having a sequence that encodes an intein-modified xylanase having the intein internally fused within the xylanase , wherein the intein-modified xylanase has decreased activity relative to the xylanase lacking the intein.2Dictyoglomus. The transgenic plant of claim 1 , wherein the xylanase in the intein-modified xylanase is a xylanase.3. The transgenic plant of claim 1 , wherein the intein-modified xylanase has an amino acid sequence having at least 90% identity with a sequence selected from SEQ ID NOS: 60 claim 1 , 62 claim 1 , 64 claim 1 , 2 claim 1 , 4 claim 1 , 6 claim 1 , 8 claim 1 , 10 claim 1 , 12 claim 1 , 14 claim 1 , 16 claim 1 , 17 claim 1 , 21 claim 1 , 29 claim 1 , or 30.4. The transgenic plant of claim 1 , wherein the intein-modified xylanase has an amino acid sequence having 100% identity with a sequence selected from SEQ ID NOS: 60 claim 1 , 62 ...

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08-08-2013 дата публикации

Methods for Increasing Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulosic Material in the Presence of a Peroxidase

Номер: US20130203127A1
Автор: Quinlan Jason, Xu Feng
Принадлежит: NOVOZYMES, INC.

The present invention relates to methods for increasing hydrolysis of a cellulosic material, comprising: hydrolyzing the cellulosic material with an enzyme composition in the presence of a polypeptide having peroxidase activity. 1. A method for producing a fermentation product , comprising:(a) saccharifying a cellulosic material with an enzyme composition in the presence of a polypeptide having peroxidase activity;(b) fermenting the saccharified cellulosic material with one or more (several) fermenting microorganisms to produce the fermentation product; and(c) recovering the fermentation product from the fermentation.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more cellulolytic enzymes are selected from the group consisting of an endoglucanase claim 1 , a cellobiohydrolase claim 1 , and a beta-glucosidase.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the enzyme composition further comprises a polypeptide having cellulolytic enhancing activity.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the enzyme composition further comprises one or more enzymes selected from the group consisting of a hemicellulase claim 1 , an esterase claim 1 , a protease claim 1 , and a laccase.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cellulosic material is pretreated.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the saccharified cellulosic material is a sugar.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the sugar is selected from the group consisting of glucose claim 6 , xylose claim 6 , mannose claim 6 , galactose claim 6 , and arabinose.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the Kof the polypeptide having peroxidase activity is in the range of 0.0001 to 50 mM.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the enzyme composition further comprises one or more enzymes selected from the group consisting of a xylanase claim 1 , an acetyxylan esterase claim 1 , a feruloyl esterase claim 1 , an arabinofuranosidase claim 1 , a xylosidase claim 1 , a glucuronidase claim 1 , and a combination thereof.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of a ...

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08-08-2013 дата публикации

VARIANT CBH I POLYPEPTIDES

Номер: US20130203128A1
Принадлежит: BP Corporation North America Inc,

In alternative embodiments, the invention provides polypeptides having a lignocellulolytic (lignocellulosic) activity, e.g., a ligninolytic and cellulolytic activity, including, e.g., a glycosyl hydrolase, a cellulase, an endoglucanase, a cellobiohydrolase (cbhl) (e.g., an exo-cellobiohydrolase, e.g., having an “exo” activity that can processively release cellobiose units β-1,4 glucose-glucose disaccharide), a beta-glucosidase, a xylanase, a mannanse, a xylosidase (e.g., a (β-xylosidase) and/or an arabinofuranosidase activity, polynucleotides encoding these polypeptides, and methods of making and using these polynucleotides and polypeptides. In one embodiment, the invention provides thermostable and thermotolerant forms of polypeptides of the invention. The polypeptides and nucleic acids of the invention are used in a variety of pharmaceutical, agricultural and industrial contexts; for example, as enzymes for the bioconversion of a biomass, e.g., lignocellulosic residues, into fermentable sugars, where in one aspect these sugars are used as a chemical feedstock for the production of ethanol and fuels, e.g., biofuels, e.g., synthetic liquid or gas fuels, including ethanol, methanol and the like. 1. A polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of a variant cellobiohydrolase I (“CBH I”) catalytic domain , said variant CBH I catalytic domain having at least 90% sequence identity to a reference catalytic domain corresponding to amino acid positions 26-455 of SEQ ID NO:134 , and which comprises one or more amino acid substitutions that result in increased activity or improved thermotolerance as compared to the reference catalytic domain.2. The polypeptide of claim 1 , which has one or more substitutions that result in increased activity as compared to the reference catalytic domain.3. The polypeptide of claim 2 , which has one or more of the following substitutions or combinations of substitutions: (a) N222H; (b) N222E; (c) S217K; (d) L225Y; (e) L225V; (f) D87L; (g) ...

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15-08-2013 дата публикации

USE OF MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE FOR PH ADJUSTMENT AND IMPROVED SACCHARIFICATION OF BIOMASS

Номер: US20130210084A1
Принадлежит: Edeniq, Inc.

The present invention provides methods of processing biomass containing a cellulosic material that include contacting the cellulosic material with magnesium hydroxide to adjust the pH of the material before and/or after a high temperature and high pressure pretreatment step. The use of magnesium hydroxide provides a safer alternative to using ammonium hydroxide for pH adjustment, a more stable, buffered environment for improved operability in pH control, with similar or improved conversion of biomass to fermentable sugars, and similar or improved reduction of inhibitors during the subsequent hydrolysis or saccharification process. 1. A method for processing biomass containing a cellulosic material , comprising:{'sub': '2', 'a) contacting biomass below pH 6.5 with a sufficient amount of magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)) to increase the pH of the biomass above pH 7.0;'}{'sub': '2', 'b) treating the biomass comprising Mg(OH)at an elevated temperature and pressure;'}c) contacting the treated biomass with saccharification enzymes under conditions sufficient to hydrolyze at least a portion of the cellulose to fermentable sugars.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pH of the biomass in step (a) is increased from a range of about pH 5.5 to 6.2.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pH of the biomass in step (a) is increased to a range of about pH 7.0 to 8.0.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , following step b) claim 1 , contacting the treated biomass with a sufficient amount of Mg(OH)to adjust the pH to about 4.0-6.0.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the treating comprises treating the biomass comprising Mg(OH)at a temperature greater than about 160° F.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the treating comprises treating the biomass comprising Mg(OH)at a pressure of greater than about 120 psi.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biomass contains less than 1% by weight of a metal carbonate.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (c) comprises contacting the ...

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15-08-2013 дата публикации

Methods and Systems for Pretreatment of Biomass Solids

Номер: US20130210085A1
Принадлежит: EDENIQ

A method for the pretreatment of biomass solids includes hydrating the biomass solids to form a biomass slurry, shear treating the biomass solids, and hydrolyzing the biomass solids in the presence of reactive enzymes in a pressure hydrolysis zone. Shear treatment of the biomass solids reduces the particle size of the biomass solids, modifies the particle or slurry morphology, and/or ruptures the cell walls of the biomass solids. The pressure hydrolysis zone includes a high-shear, high-pressure, low-temperature heat exchange and reaction zone and a low-pressure, low-temperature polishing zone. Sugars formed from the biomass solids treated in accordance with the methods described above may be used to produce various biofuels. 1. A method for the pretreatment of biomass solids comprising:a. hydrating the biomass solids to form a biomass slurry;b. shear treating the biomass solids to reduce the particle size of the biomass solids, modify particle or slurry morphology, or rupture the cell walls of the biomass solids; andc. hydrolyzing the biomass solids in the presence of reactive enzymes in a pressure hydrolysis zone,wherein the pressure hydrolysis zone comprises a high-shear, high-pressure, low-temperature heat exchange and reaction zone and a low-pressure, low-temperature polishing zone.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heat exchange and reaction zone comprises a plug flow reactor that provides for radial mixing and intentionally limited back mixing of the biomass solids in the biomass slurry to provide sustained contact between the biomass solids and the reactive enzymes and facilitate conversion of the biomass solids into sugar-rich intermediates.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the polishing zone comprises a continuous stirred tank reactor that provides additional residence time to further facilitate conversion of the biomass solids into sugar-rich intermediates.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the plug flow reactor operates at a pressure of from about 1 ...

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15-08-2013 дата публикации

Methods of Degrading or Hydrolyzing a Polysaccharide

Номер: US20130210086A1
Принадлежит: NOVOZYMES A/S

The invention provides a method of degrading or hydrolyzing a polysaccharide, preferably cellulose or chitin, comprising contacting said polysaccharide with one or more oxidohydrolytic enzymes, preferably a CBM33 family protein (preferably CBP21) or a GH61 family protein, wherein said degradation or hydrolysis is carried out in the presence of at least one reducing agent and at least one divalent metal ion. A method of producing an organic substance comprising said method is also provided. 1. A method of degrading or hydrolyzing a polysaccharide comprising contacting said polysaccharide with one or more oxidohydrolytic enzymes , wherein said degradation or hydrolysis is carried out in the presence of at least one reducing agent and at least one divalent metal ion.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said polysaccharide is chitin or cellulose.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said oxidohydrolytic enzyme is a CBM33 family protein (preferably CBP21) or a GH61 family protein.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein two or more oxidohydrolytic enzymes are used in said method.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein one of said oxidohydrolytic enzymes is a CBM33 family protein and another of said oxidohydrolytic enzymes is a GH61 family protein.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said oxidohydrolytic enzyme is a polypeptide which comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 16 or a sequence with at least 30% sequence identity thereto or a biologically active fragment thereof comprising at least 100 amino acids of said sequence.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said polysaccharide is cellulose.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein said oxidohydrolytic enzyme is a GH61 protein claim 7 , E7 claim 7 , CelS2 claim 7 , Cfla0175 claim 7 , Cfla0172 claim 7 , Cfla0316 claim 7 , Cfla0490 claim 7 , CJA2191 claim 7 , CJA3139 or SCO1734.9. The method of claim 7 , wherein said oxidohydrolytic enzyme is a polypeptide which comprises an amino acid sequence as set forth in ...

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15-08-2013 дата публикации

Polypeptides Having Cellobiohydrolase Activity and Polynucleotides Encoding Same

Номер: US20130210087A1
Автор: Lan Tang, Ye Liu
Принадлежит: Novozymes Inc

The present invention provides isolated polypeptides having cellobiohydrolase activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also provides nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

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15-08-2013 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SUGARS FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS PRE-TREATED WITH A MIXTURE OF HYDRATED INORGANIC SALTS AND METALLIC SALTS

Номер: US20130210089A1
Принадлежит: IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLES

The present invention concerns a process for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into sugars, comprising at least three steps. The first step is a step for cooking the lignocellulosic biomass in the presence of at least one hydrated inorganic salt mixed with at least one other metallic salt. The second step is a step for separating at least one solid fraction which has undergone the cooking step, and the third step is a step for enzymatic hydrolysis of said solid fraction to convert the polysaccharides into monosaccharides. The sugars obtained thereby can then be fermented into alcohols. 1. A process for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into monosaccharides , comprising at least: {'br': None, 'sub': n', '2, 'MX.n′HO'}, 'a) a step for cooking the biomass in the presence or in the absence of an organic solvent in a medium comprising at least one hydrated organic salt with formula (1) {'br': None, 'sub': m', '2, 'M′Y.m′HO'}, 'in which X is an anion and M is a metal selected from groups 1 and 2 of the periodic classification of the elements, n is a whole number equal to 1 or 2 and n′ is in the range 0.5 to 6; mixed with at least one other metallic salt, which may or may not be hydrated, with general formula (2)in which Y is an anion, which may be identical to or different from X, and M′ is a metal selected from groups 3 to 13 of the periodic classification of the elements, m is a whole number in the range 1 to 6 and m′ is in the range 0 to 6;b) a step for separating a solid fraction which has undergone step a);c) a step for enzymatic hydrolysis of said solid fraction.2. A process according to claim 1 , in which the medium in which the cooking step is carried out is constituted by one or more hydrated inorganic salts with formula (1) mixed with at least one other metallic salt claim 1 , which may or may not be hydrated claim 1 , with formula (2).3. A process according to claim 1 , in which the anion X is a halide anion selected from Cl claim 1 , F claim 1 ...

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15-08-2013 дата публикации

FUCOSYL TRANSFERASE GENE

Номер: US20130212740A1
Принадлежит:

A DNA molecule is provided which comprises a sequence according to SEQ ID NO: 1 having an open reading frame from base pair 211 to base pair 1740 or having at least 50% homology to the above-indicated sequence, or hybridizing with the above-indicated sequence under stringent conditions, or comprising a sequence which has degenerated to the above-indicated DNA sequence because of the genetic code, the sequence coding for a plant protein having fucosyltransferase activity or being complementary thereto. 142.-. (canceled)43. A method of producing a recombinant glycoprotein , comprising expressing a recombinant glycoprotein in plants or plant cells , wherein an endogenous α1 ,3-fucosyltransferase production is suppressed or completely stopped ,wherein said endogenous α1,3-fucosyltransferase is identified by sequence comparison with the α1,3-fucosyltransferase sequence according to SEQ ID NO: 1 with an open reading frame from base pair 211 to base pair 1740, and at least suppressing said endogenous α1,3-fucosyltransferase production.441. The method of claim , wherein said endogenous α1 ,3-fucosyltransferase can be identified by sequence comparison with the α1 ,3-fucosyltransferase sequence according to SEQ ID NO: 1 with an open reading frame from base pair 211 to base pair 1740 by the program fastDB.451. The method according to claim , wherein the glycoprotein is a human protein.461. The method of claim , wherein the expression of the α1 ,3-fucosyltransferase is suppressed or completely blocked by a knock-out mutation of the endogenous α1 ,3-fucosyltransferase gene in said plant or plant cell.471. The method of claim , wherein the expression of the α-1 ,3-fucosyltransferase is suppressed or completely blocked by antisense inhibition in said plant or plant cell.481. The method of claim , wherein the expression of the α1 ,3-fucosyltransferase is suppressed or completely blocked by transfection with a polynucleotide comprising a sequence of at least 50 nucleotides which is ...

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15-08-2013 дата публикации

Polypeptides Having Endoglucanase Activity And Polynucleotides Encoding Same

Номер: US20130212745A1
Автор: Nikolaj Spodsberg
Принадлежит: Novozymes AS, Novozymes Inc

The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having endoglucanase activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

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22-08-2013 дата публикации

NOVEL FUCOSYLTRANSFERASES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS

Номер: US20130217068A1
Принадлежит: JENNEWEIN BIOTECHNOLOGIE GMBH

The present invention relates to nucleic acid and amino acid sequences from and from , coding for/representing novel alpha-1,3-fucosyltransferases. The invention also provides uses and methods for using the alpha-1,3-fucosyltransferases to generate fucosylated products, such as oligosaccharides, (glyco)proteins, or (glyco)lipids, in particular of 3-fucosyllactose. 1. Isolated polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide with alpha-1 ,3-fucosyltransferase activity and comprising a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of:a) SEQ ID Nos. 1, 3, or 5 of the attached sequence listing;b) a nucleic acid sequence complementary to SEQ ID Nos. 1, 3, or 5;c) nucleic acid sequences which hybridize under stringent conditions to the nucleic acid sequences defined in a) and b) or their complementary strands.2. The isolated polynucleotide of consisting of the SEQ ID Nos. 1 claim 1 , 3 claim 1 , or 5 encoding a polypeptide with alpha-1 claim 1 ,3 fucosyltransferase activity.3. Vector claim 1 , containing a nucleic acid sequence as claimed in encoding a polypeptide with alpha-1 claim 1 ,3-fucosyltransferase activity claim 1 , the nucleic acid sequence being operably linked to control sequences recognized by a host cell transformed with the vector.4. An isolated polypeptide with alpha-1 claim 1 ,3-fucosyltransferase activity consisting of an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of:(a) an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 2, 4, or 6;b) an amino acid sequence of an allelic variant of an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID No. 2, 4, or 6, wherein said allelic variant is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule that hybridizes under stringent conditions to the opposite strand of a nucleic acid molecule shown in SEQ ID Nos. 1, 3, or 5;c) an amino acid sequence of an ortholog of an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID No. 2, 4, or 6, wherein said ortholog is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule that hybridizes under stringent conditions to the opposite strand of a ...

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22-08-2013 дата публикации

DIGESTIBLE LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS AND EXTRACTIVES AND METHODS FOR PRODUCING SAME

Номер: US20130217073A1

The invention relates to methods for treating lignocellulosic biomass to obtain useful products therefrom. 1. A method of producing a product from lignocellulosic biomass comprising converting native cellulose I to cellulose IIIby pretreating the lignocellulosic biomass with liquid ammonia to generate a pretreated biomass , and producing a product therefrom.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid ammonia is anhydrous ammonia.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the liquid ammonia is 80%-99% ammonia in a solvent.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the solvent is water.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the solvent is an organic solvent.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the solvent is acetone claim 5 , ethanol claim 5 , methanol claim 5 , isopropanol claim 5 , dichloromethane claim 5 , methyl acetate claim 5 , ethyl acetate claim 5 , chloroform and combinations thereof.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein less than 20% of moisture is present in the lignocellulosic biomass.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic biomass is pretreated with liquid ammonia for 1 minute to 3 hours.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic biomass is pretreated with liquid ammonia at a temperature of about 20° C. to about 140° C.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of liquid ammonia to lignocellulosic biomass is 8:1 to 2:1.11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising extracting plant cell wall components.12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the plant cell wall components are selected from the group consisting of lignin claim 11 , hemicellulose claim 11 , arabinan claim 11 , and combinations and degradation products thereof.13. The method of claim 11 , wherein glucan and xylan are substantially retained with the pretreated biomass.14. The method of claim 11 , wherein extraction is performed simultaneously with anhydrous liquid ammonia pretreatment.15. The method of claim 11 , wherein extraction is performed after anhydrous liquid ammonia ...

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22-08-2013 дата публикации

Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulose

Номер: US20130217074A1
Принадлежит: BORREGAARD AS

The present invention relates to a continuous process for the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic biomass and to an apparatus for conducting said process. According to the present invention, a steady state is achieved in a reactor in regard to the hydrolysis reaction. Therein, cellulosic biomass of a high total solids content (preferably 10% or higher, further preferably between 15 and 30%) is continually added to said reactor, while at least partially hydrolyzed cellulosic biomass is continually removed from said reactor. The steady state is adjusted, i.e. the amount of cellulosic biomass added and the amount of at least partially hydrolyzed cellulosic biomass removed is adjusted, so that the retention time of a given portion of added cellulosic biomass in the reactor is longer than its “liquefaction time”, i.e. the time period required to transform a solid slurry into a pumpable liquid during hydrolysis, i.e. the time required to lower the viscosity of the slurry to a value, which is acceptable for further processing. 1. Process for the continuous hydrolysis of cellulosic biomass comprising at least the following steps:(P) providing at least one reactor, which can be operated at steady state ;(A) adding a predetermined amount of cellulosic biomass to said reactor, wherein said cellulosic biomass has a solid content of at least 10%;(A′) adding a predetermined amount of enzymes to said reactor;(E) performing at least a partial enzymatic hydrolysis of the cellulosic biomass in said reactor,wherein a steady state is achieved in said process, in which cellulosic biomass is continually added to said reactor, while at least partially hydrolyzed cellulosic biomass is continually removed from said reactor, wherein said at least partially hydrolyzed cellulosic biomass that is continually removed has a viscosity, as measured in a Physica MCR 101 rheometer in a cup with a stirrer (FL 100/6 W), of not more than 25 Pas (Pascal seconds).2. Process according to claim 1 , wherein a ...

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22-08-2013 дата публикации

Method of producing biofuel using brown algae

Номер: US20130217075A1
Принадлежит: SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD

In a method of producing biofuel using brown algae, Bacterium antarctica is used as a hydrolysis catalyst for saccharification to obtain monosaccharides from the brown algae. The saccharification with the hydrolysis catalyst is effective in saccharification of the brown algae.

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22-08-2013 дата публикации

Compositions Comprising A Polypeptide Having Cellulolytic Enhancing Activity And A Bicyclic Compound And Uses Thereof

Номер: US20130217077A1
Принадлежит: NOVOZYMES, INC.

The present invention relates to compositions comprising: a polypeptide having cellulolytic enhancing activity and a bicyclic compound. The present invention also relates to methods of using the compositions. 1. A composition comprising: (a) a polypeptide having cellulolytic enhancing activity and (b) a bicyclic compound , wherein the combination of the polypeptide having cellulolytic enhancing activity and the bicyclic compound enhances hydrolysis of a cellulosic material by a cellulolytic enzyme.6. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the bicyclic compound is selected from the group consisting of: (I-1): epicatechin; (I-2): quercetin; (I-3): myricetin; (I-4): taxifolin; (I-5): kaempferol; (I-6): morin; (I-7): acacetin; (I-8): naringenin; (I-9): isorhamnetin; (I-10): apigenin; (II-1): cyanidin; (II-2): cyanin; (II-3): turomanin; and (II-4): keracyanin; or a salt or solvate thereof.7. The composition of claim 1 , which further comprises (c) one or more enzymes selected from the group consisting of a cellulase claim 1 , a hemicellulase claim 1 , an esterase claim 1 , an expansin claim 1 , a laccase claim 1 , a ligninolytic enzyme claim 1 , a pectinase claim 1 , a peroxidase claim 1 , a protease claim 1 , and a swollenin.8. A method for degrading or converting a cellulosic material claim 1 , comprising: treating the cellulosic material with an enzyme composition in the presence of a polypeptide having cellulolytic enhancing activity and a bicyclic compound claim 1 , wherein the combination of the polypeptide having cellulolytic enhancing activity and the bicyclic compound enhances hydrolysis of the cellulosic material by the enzyme composition.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the cellulosic material is pretreated.10. The method of or claim 8 , further comprising recovering the degraded cellulosic material.11. The method of claim 8 , wherein the enzyme composition comprises one or more enzymes selected from the group consisting of a cellulase claim 8 , a ...

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22-08-2013 дата публикации

Polypeptides having cellulolytic enhancing activity and polynucleotides encoding same

Номер: US20130217078A1
Принадлежит: Novozymes AS, Novozymes Inc

The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having cellulolytic enhancing activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

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22-08-2013 дата публикации

Beta-Glucosidase Variants and Polynucleotides encoding same

Номер: US20130217079A1
Принадлежит: NOVOZYMES, INC.

The present invention relates to variants of a parent beta-glucosidase. The present invention also relates to polynucleotides encoding the variants; nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides; and methods of using the variants. 1. A beta-glucosidase variant , comprising a substitution at one or more positions corresponding to positions 89 , 91 , 100 , 140 , 186 , 283 , 456 , and 512 of the mature polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 2 , wherein the variant has beta-glucosidase activity.2. The variant of claim 1 , which is a variant of a parent beta-glucosidase selected from the group consisting of:(a) a polypeptide having at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% sequence identity to the mature polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 2;(b) a polypeptide encoded by a polynucleotide that hybridizes under high stringency conditions or very high stringency conditions with (i) the mature polypeptide coding sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, (ii) the cDNA sequence thereof, or (iii) the full-length complement of (i) or (ii);(c) a polypeptide encoded by a polynucleotide having at least 80%, at least 81%, at least 82%, at least 83%, at least 84%, at least 85%, at least 86%, at least 87%, at least 88%, at least 89%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% sequence identity to the mature polypeptide coding sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 or the cDNA sequence thereof; and(d) a fragment of the mature polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 2, which has beta-glucosidase activity.3. The variant of claim 2 , which has at least 80% claim 2 , at least 81% claim 2 , at least 82% claim 2 , at least 83% claim 2 , at least 84% claim 2 , at least 85% claim 2 ...

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22-08-2013 дата публикации

Polypeptides Having Cellulolytic Enhancing Activity And Polynucleotides Encoding Same

Номер: US20130219567A1
Принадлежит: Novozymes AS, Novozymes Inc

The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having cellulolytic enhancing activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

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29-08-2013 дата публикации

Methods of Hydrolyzing Oligomers in Hemicellulosic Liquor

Номер: US20130224802A1
Принадлежит: NOVOZYMES NORTH AMERICA, INC.

The present invention relates to methods of degrading or converting biomass material enriched with hemicellulosic material into fermentable sugars. 1. A method of degrading biomass material , comprising:(a) pretreating biomass material to provide a solid fraction and a liquid fraction, wherein at least about 50% of the biomass material in the liquid fraction is hemicellulosic material;(b) separating the liquid fraction from the solid fraction;(c) saccharifying the liquid fraction with an enzyme composition comprising one or more (several) cellulases and a beta-xylosidase.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein pretreating comprises a chemical pretreatment claim 1 , a physical pretreatment claim 1 , or a chemical pretreatment and a physical pretreatment.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein separating the liquid fraction from the solid fraction is performed prior to saccharification.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least 75% (e.g. claim 1 , at least 90%) of the biomass material in the liquid fraction is hemicellulosic material.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more (several) cellulases are selected from the group consisting of an endoglucanase claim 1 , a cellobiohydrolase claim 1 , and a beta-glucosidase.6TrichodermaTrichoderma reesei. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more (several) cellulases comprise one or more (several) cellulases from (e.g. claim 1 , ).7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the total concentration of the one or more (several) cellulases during saccharifying is at least about 0.16 mg/mL.8TrichodermaTrichoderma reeseiAspergillusAspergillus fumigatus. The method of claim 1 , wherein the beta-xylosidase is a beta-xylosidase (e.g. claim 1 , ) or an beta-xylosidase (e.g. claim 1 , ).9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the total concentration of the beta-xylosidase during saccharifying is less than about 0.17 mg/mL.10Thermoascus aurantiacusAspergillus fumigatusAspergillus aculeatus. The method of claim 1 , wherein the enzyme composition ...

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29-08-2013 дата публикации

COMPOSITE COMPONENTS FROM ANAEROBIC DIGESTED FIBROUS MATERIALS

Номер: US20130224803A1
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to composite components and methods of producing composite components. In yet another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method of producing a composite component using anaerobically digested biomass. In still yet another embodiment, the method further comprises using liquid effluent from the digester. In still yet another embodiment, the method further comprises wet-mat forming and cold pressing the anaerobically digested biomass and wet-mat drying under heat and pressure. 1. A method for producing a composite component comprising: digesting waste fibrous material through an anaerobic digester to produce digested biomass; wet-mat forming and cold-pressing the digested biomass; and drying the formed wet-mat under heat and pressure to produce a composite component.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anaerobic digester employs a mixed plug flow design.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anaerobic digester uses a cork-screw flow path to move the waste fibrous material through the digester.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the digested biomass comprises about 50% less carbohydrate content than the initial waste fibrous material.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the digested biomass comprises about 20% more lignin content than the initial waste fibrous material.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein wet-mat forming uses mechanical pressure to remove free liquid from the mat.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the moisture content of the mat is about 50-65%.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein drying is performed at temperatures between 380 to 420° F.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the drying is performed under constant pressure of 60 to 1000 psi.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein drying the formed wet-mat induces fiber-to-fiber binding that is enhanced by denatured proteins.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises mixing a cellulosic fiber with the digested biomass during wet-mat forming claim 1 , wherein the ...

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29-08-2013 дата публикации

EXPRESSION OF STEADY STATE METABOLIC PATHWAYS

Номер: US20130224804A1
Автор: Knight Eric
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure pertains to a method for increasing the production of a desired product having: identifying a steady state metabolic pathway for the synthesis of a desired product from a desired substrate; producing a polynucleotide encoding one or more polypeptide that participates in the steady state metabolic pathway for the synthesis of the desired product from the desired substrate; introducing the polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide into a host cell; transforming a host cell with an expression vector having an expressible polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide; and cultivating the host cell under a culture condition that induces the production of the desired product. 1. A method for increasing the production of a desired product , comprising:identifying a steady state metabolic pathway for the synthesis of a desired product from a desired substrate;producing a polynucleotide encoding one or more polypeptide that participates in the steady state metabolic pathway for the synthesis of the desired product from the desired substrate;introducing the polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide into a host cell; transforming a host cell with an expression vector comprising an expressible polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide; andcultivating the host cell under a culture condition that induces the production of the desired product.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising collecting the desired product from the host cell.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the desired product is glucose.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the desired substrate is 3-Hydroxypropionic acid.5Escherichia coli.. The method of claim 1 , wherein the host cell is6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the host cell comprises a polynucleotide for T7 RNA polymerase.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more polypeptides have a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 39 claim 1 , 40 claim 1 , 41 claim 1 , 50 claim 1 , 51 claim 1 , 56 claim 1 , 57 claim 1 , 58 claim 1 , 59 ...

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29-08-2013 дата публикации

System and Method for Converting Cellulosic Biomass into a Sugar Solution

Номер: US20130224805A1
Принадлежит:

A process and apparatus for converting cellulosic biomass pulp into a sugar solution is provided. The process includes combining a quantity of cellulosic biomass pulp with a quantity of acid and a quantity of enzyme. The combined quantity of cellulosic biomass pulp, enzyme, and acid are placed in an enzymatic hydrolysis reactor having a predetermined temperature range and predetermined pH level, thereby producing a quantity of monomeric sugar solution. 1. A process for converting cellulosic biomass pulp suspension into a sugar solution , the process comprising the steps of:combining a quantity of cellulosic biomass pulp suspension with a quantity of acid and a quantity of enzyme; andplacing the combined quantity of cellulosic biomass pulp, enzyme, and acid suspension in an enzymatic hydrolysis reactor having a predetermined temperature range and predetermined pH level, thereby producing a quantity of monomeric sugar solution.2. The process of claim 1 , further comprising the step of treating a quantity of cellulosic biomass to produce the quantity of cellulosic biomass pulp suspension.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the step of treating the quantity of cellulosic biomass further comprises the step of:separating a quantity of lignin and a quantity of fiber from the quantity of cellulosic biomass, thereby producing a quantity of cellulosic pulp; andfiltering and washing the quantity of cellulosic pulp to remove a quantity of spent cooking chemicals and to thereby producing the quantity of cellulosic biomass pulp suspension.4. The process of claim 3 , wherein the separating the quantity of lignin and the quantity of fiber from the quantity of cellulosic biomass further comprises a pulping process utilizing a combination of heat and at least one chemical within a chemical pulp-cooking vessel.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein the pulping process further comprises a chemical pulping process claim 4 , wherein the chemical pulping process includes at least one process ...

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29-08-2013 дата публикации

PROCESSING BIOMASS

Номер: US20130225714A1
Автор: Medoff Marshall
Принадлежит: XYLECO, INC.

Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems are described that can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation. 1. A method for making acids , the method comprising:contacting a pretreated biomass feedstock with a microorganism or an enzyme to saccharify the pretreated biomass material and release sugars, andconverting the sugars to a poly-functional organic acid,wherein the feedstock has been pretreated by at least one of irradiation, sonication, oxidation, pyrolysis and steam explosion, andwherein the biomass feedstock comprises a cellulosic or lignocellulosic material.2. The method of wherein the organic acid is selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid claim 1 , malonic acid claim 1 , succinic acid claim 1 , glutaric acid claim 1 , oleic acid claim 1 , linoleic acid claim 1 , glycolic acid claim 1 , lactic acid claim 1 , gamma-hydroxybutyric acid and mixtures thereof.3. The method of wherein the organic acid is lactic acid.4. The method of wherein the organic acid is succinic acid.5. The method of wherein the product of saccharification comprises sugars selected from the group consisting of glucose claim 1 , xylose claim 1 , arabinose claim 1 , mannose claim 1 , galactose claim 1 , oligosaccharides claim 1 , polysaccharides and mixtures of these.6. The method of wherein the sugars comprise glucose and xylose.7. The method of wherein converting comprises fermenting at least one of the sugars to the organic acid.8. The method of further comprising converting at least one of the sugars to a fuel.9. The method of wherein the fuel is an alcohol.10. The method of wherein the lignocellulosic material is selected from the group consisting of paper claim 1 , paper products claim 1 , paper waste claim 1 , wood claim 1 , particle board claim 1 , sawdust claim 1 , ...

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12-09-2013 дата публикации

Methods for Producing a Fermentation Product from Lignocellulose-Containing Material

Номер: US20130236933A1

The present invention provides a method for producing a fermentation product from lignocellulose-containing material, a method for converting lignocellulose-containing material into a hydrolyzate comprising mono- and oligo-saccharides, and a method for treating lignocellulose-containing material, all of which comprise the step of mixing an acid pre-treated lignocellulose-containing material and an alkaline pre-treated lignocellulose-containing material. The present invention further provides a fermentation product made according to the method for producing a fermentation product.

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19-09-2013 дата публикации

Alpha 1-3 n-galactosylstransferase with altered donor specificities, compositions and methods of use

Номер: US20130243690A1

The invention generally features compositions and methods based on the structure-based design of alpha 1-3 N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (alpha 3 GalNAc-T) enzymes from alpha 1-3galactosyltransferase (a3Gal-T) that can transfer 2′-modified galactose from the corresponding UDP-derivatives due to substitutions that broaden the alpha 3Gal-T donor specificity and make the enzyme a3 GalNAc-T.

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19-09-2013 дата публикации

HIGH TITER PRODUCTION OF HIGHLY LINEAR POLY (ALPHA 1,3 GLUCAN)

Номер: US20130244287A1
Принадлежит: E I DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY

A process for enzymatic preparation of a highly linear poly(α 1, 3 glucan) from sucrose is disclosed. The glucosyltransferase enzyme (gtfJ) from is used to convert sucrose to a highly linear poly(α 1, 3 glucan) in high titers. Hydrolyzed poly(α 1, 3 glucan) is used as the primer for the gtfJ enzyme reaction resulting in the formation of highly linear poly(α 1, 3 glucan). 1. A process for the synthesis of a highly linear poly(a 1 , 3 glucan) comprising an enzyme reaction solution comprising:a) sucrose;b) at least one glucosyltransferase enzyme; andc) at least one primer wherein said primer is hydrolyzed poly(α 1, 3 glucan);wherein said primer initiates the synthesis of said highly linear poly(α 1,3 glucan) through the action of the glucosyltransferase enzyme on the sucrose.2. The process of wherein the novel poly(α 1 claim 1 , 3 glucan) formed does not contain branches in its structure.3Streptococcus salivarius. The process of wherein the glucosyltransferase enzyme of is gtfJ.49. The process if wherein the at least one glucosyltransferase enzyme is a primer-independent enzyme.5. The process of wherein the at least one glucosyltransferase enzyme is a primer-dependent enzyme.6. The process of wherein more than one glucosyltransferase enzyme is present in the enzyme reaction solution.7. The process of wherein the more than one glucosyltransferase enzyme comprises a mixture of at least one primer-dependent enzyme and at least one primer-independent enzyme.8. A process for producing a highly linear poly(α 1 claim 6 , 3 glucan) in a reaction system comprising two chambers claim 6 , separated by a semi-permeable membrane claim 6 , wherein: i) sucrose;', 'ii) at least one glucosyltransferase enzyme; and', 'iii) at least one primer wherein said primer is hydrolyzed poly(α 1, 3 glucan); and, 'a) a first chamber comprises an enzyme reaction solution comprisingb) a second chamber, separated from the first chamber by a semi-permeable membrane in contact with the enzyme reaction ...

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19-09-2013 дата публикации

HIGH TITER PRODUCTION OF POLY (ALPHA 1,3 GLUCAN)

Номер: US20130244288A1
Принадлежит: E I DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY

A process for enzymatic preparation of poly (α1, 3 glucan) from sucrose is disclosed. The glucosyltransferase enzyme (gtfJ) from is used to convert sucrose to fructose and poly (α1, 3 glucan). Application of semi-permeable membranes to continuously remove fructose, a by-product of the gtf enzyme, thus increasing the poly (α1, 3 glucan) liter, is disclosed. 1. A process for producing poly (α1 , 3 glucan) in a reaction system comprising two chambers , separated by a semi-permeable membrane , wherein: i) sucrose; and', 'ii) at least one glucosyltransferase enzyme; and, 'a) a first chamber comprises an enzyme reaction solution comprisingb) a second chamber, separated from the first chamber by a semi-permeable membrane in contact with the enzyme reaction solution wherein the semi-permeable membrane is permeable to fructose but impermeable to poly (α1, 3 glucan), facilitates continuous removal of fructose and other low molecular weight moieties while retaining poly (α1, 3 glucan) and the at least one glucosyltransferase enzyme inside the first chamber.2. The process of further comprising at least one primer.3. The process if wherein the glucosyltransferase enzyme is a primer-independent enzyme.4. The process of wherein the glucosyltransferase enzyme is a primer-dependent enzyme.5. The process of wherein the semi-permeable membrane facilitates accumulation of poly (α1 claim 1 , 3 glucan) to a concentration ranging from 30 grams per liter to 200 grams per liter.6. The process of wherein the semi-permeable membrane has a molecular weight cut-off from 12 claim 5 ,000 to 100 claim 5 ,000 Daltons.7. The process of wherein the semi-permeable membrane is a dialysis tubing.8Streptococcus salivarius.. The process of wherein the glucosyltransferase enzyme is gtfJ from9. The process of wherein the at least one primer is dextran.10. The process of wherein more than one glucosyltransferase enzyme is present in the enzyme reaction solution.11. The process of wherein the more than one ...

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19-09-2013 дата публикации

FRACTIONATED EXTRACTIVE PRODUCTS FROM PLANT BIOMASS AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING SAME

Номер: US20130244293A1

A method is provided comprising converting at least a portion of native cellulose I to cellulose IIIby treating plant biomass with liquid ammonia and/or one or more organic solvents to produce a treated plant biomass containing lignin and a lignin fraction; and extracting lignin and/or other plant cell wall components from the lignin fraction to produce a lignin extract capable of being fractionated. In one embodiment, the lignin extract is fractionated into separate components which are useful in a variety of applications. 1. A method comprising:{'sub': β', 'I, 'converting at least a portion of native cellulose I to cellulose IIIby treating plant biomass with liquid ammonia and/or one or more organic solvents to produce a treated plant biomass containing lignin and a lignin fraction; and'}extracting lignin and/or other plant cell wall components from the lignin fraction to produce a lignin extract capable of being fractionated.2. The method of wherein substantially all of the native cellulose I is converted to cellulose III claim 1 , further wherein β-aryl ether bonds in the lignin are preserved.3. The method of wherein the other cell wall components are selected from hemicellulose claim 1 , arabinan claim 1 , and combinations and degradation products thereof.4. The method of wherein the plant biomass is a monocot or dicot.5. The method of wherein the extracting step is a pretreatment step.6. The method of wherein the plant biomass comprises untreated plant biomass.7. The method of wherein the extracting step is performed simultaneously with a pretreatment step.8. The method of wherein the pretreatment step comprises liquid ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX) pretreatment or gaseous AFEX pretreatment.9. The method of wherein the gaseous AFEX pretreatment step is a packed bed-AFEX (PB-AFEX) pretreatment step.10. The method of wherein the plant biomass comprises one or more densified biomass particulates.11. The method of wherein the liquid ammonia is selected from ...

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19-09-2013 дата публикации

PROCESSING BIOMASS

Номер: US20130244294A1
Принадлежит: XYLECO, INC.

Methods of manufacturing fuels are provided. These methods use often difficult to process lignocellulosic materials, for example crop residues and grasses. The methods can be readily practiced on a commercial scale in an economically viable manner, in some cases using as feedstocks materials that would otherwise be discarded as waste. 1. A method comprising:steeping an irradiated lignocellulosic material in water; andsaccharifying the steeped irradiated lignocellulosic material.2. The method of wherein steeping the irradiated lignocellulosic material is at a temperature of at least 40° C.3. The method of wherein steeping the irradiated lignocellulosic material is at a temperature between about 70° C. to 100° C.4. The method of wherein steeping the irradiated lignocellulosic material is at an elevated pressure.5. The method of wherein steeping the irradiated lignocellulosic material is for 10 minutes to about 2 hours.6. The method of wherein steeping is for at least 6 hours.7. The method of further comprising treating the irradiated lignocellulosic material with a mineral acid.8. The method of wherein saccharifying includes treating lignocellulosic material with an enzyme.9. The method of wherein the lignocellulosic material is irradiated with an electron beam at a voltage of less than 3 MeV and a power of at least 60 kW.10. The method of wherein the electron beam operates at a voltage of less than 1 MeV.11. The method of wherein the electron beam operates at a power of at least 100 kW.12. The method of wherein the lignocellulosic material receives a total dosage of between 25 and 35 Mrads.13. The method of wherein irraditating the material includes multiple passes of irradiation with each pass delivering a dose of 20 Mrad or less.14. The method of further comprising combining the lignocellulosic material with an organism.15. The method of wherein the organism is a sugar fermenting organism.16. The method of further comprising hammer milling the lignocellulosic ...

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19-09-2013 дата публикации

COSMETIC BIO-CELLULOSE MASK PACK SHEET AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME

Номер: US20130244977A1
Принадлежит: AMOREPACIFIC CORPORATION

The present invention relates to a mask pack sheet using bio-cellulose obtained from fermented ginseng extracts, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing a cosmetic mask pack sheet, comprising injecting microbial strains into a culture medium containing ginseng extracts so as to ferment the ginseng extracts and prepare a bio-cellulose sheet, and dipping the sheet into a cosmetic liquid. 1. A cosmetic mask pack sheet comprising a bio-cellulose produced in a culture medium containing a ginseng extract.2. The cosmetic mask pack sheet of claim 1 , wherein the ginseng extract is contained in an amount of 0.01-100 wt % based on the total weight of the culture medium.3. The cosmetic mask pack sheet of claim 1 , wherein the culture medium further contains yeast extract or ammonium sulfate as a nitrogen source.4. The cosmetic mask pack sheet of claim 1 , wherein the bio-cellulose mask pack sheet contains water in an amount corresponding to 1-50 times the dry weight of the bio-cellulose mask pack sheet claim 1 , before it is impregnated with a cosmetic emulsion.5. A method for manufacturing a cosmetic mask pack sheet claim 1 , the method comprising the steps of:1) inoculating a bio-cellulose-producing microbial strain into a culture medium containing a ginseng extract to produce bio-cellulose; and2) killing the inoculated microbial strain and removing the culture medium. The present invention relates to a cosmetic mask pack sheet comprising a bio-cellulose obtained by fermenting a ginseng extract and to a method for producing bio-cellulose which can be used as a mask pack sheet.Generally, a sheet-type mask pack in the cosmetic field is a face-shaped sheet product which can exhibit moisturizing and cleansing effects when applied to a face without the need to apply cosmetic lotion with hand. Examples of sheet-type mask packs, which are on the market, include a sheet designed to completely cover a face, a composite sheet comprising an upper sheet and a lower sheet, ...

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26-09-2013 дата публикации

TRANSFORMANT OF YEAST OF GENUS SCHIZOSACCHAROMYCES, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

Номер: US20130252286A1
Принадлежит: Asahi Glass Company, Limited

To provide a transformant of a yeast of the genus which can produce β-glucosidase, and a method for producing such a transformant. A transformant of a yeast of the genus characterized by having a structural gene sequence encoding a β-glucosidase derived from a filamentous fungus, and a promoter sequence and a terminator sequence for expressing the structural gene in a chromosome, or alternatively by having the sequences as an extrachromosomal gene. Further, a transformation method for a yeast of the genus , characterized in that the yeast of the genus is transformed by using a vector having a structural gene sequence encoding a β-glucosidase derived from a filamentous fungus, and a promoter sequence and a terminator sequence for expressing the structural gene. 1Schizosaccharomyces. A transformant of a yeast of the genus characterized by having a structural gene sequence encoding a β-glucosidase derived from a filamentous fungus , and a promoter sequence and a terminator sequence for expressing the structural gene in a chromosome , or alternatively by having the sequences as an extrachromosomal gene.2Schizosaccharomyces. The transformant of a yeast of the genus according to claim 1 , wherein the β-glucosidase is BGL1.3SchizosaccharomycesAspergillus.. The transformant of a yeast of the genus according to claim 1 , wherein the filamentous fungus is a microorganism of the genus4Schizosaccharomyces. The transformant of a yeast of the genus according to claim 1 , wherein the β-glucosidase is comprised of an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 claim 1 , or is comprised of the amino acid sequence having deletion claim 1 , substitution or addition of at least one amino acid claim 1 , and has a catalytic activity to hydrolyze a β-D-glucopyranoside bond.5SchizosaccharomycesSchizosaccharomyces. The transformant of a yeast of the genus according to claim 1 , which further has a structural gene sequence of a secretion signal capable of functioning in the yeast of the genus at the ...

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26-09-2013 дата публикации

PROTEIN-ENHANCED SURFACTANTS FOR ENZYME ACTIVATION

Номер: US20130252287A1
Принадлежит: ADVANCED BIOCATALYTICS CORP.

Disclosed herein are compositions containing enzymes, particularly acting at the interface between two immiscible phases where the rate of enzymatic activity is increased by addition of a blend of surfactant(s) and a mixture derived from yeast fermentation, that contain non-enzymatic exo-proteins released by yeast in response to a non-lethal stress. The enzymes include those that work at the interface between an aqueous solution and a water immiscible phase, liquid or solid, such as oil, fat, cellulose, lignin, etc. including, but not limited to the following or combinations thereof: lipases, polysaccharase, lignase, cellulase and the like, in which the substrate of an enzymatic reaction forms a phase, segregated from the aqueous solution in which the enzymes are typically operating. Disclosed herein are methods for improving a washing solution with the use of these compositions, where the enzyme-protein-surfactant solution can be used in such applications as: laundry, spot remover, pre-laundry, dishes, hard surface cleaning, wastewater treatment, cellulose breakdown as in ethanol production, lignin utilization, environmental remediation, industrial cleaning, and agricultural applications. 1. A composition comprising non-enzymatic exo-proteins , a surfactant and an enzyme.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the exo-proteins are derived from yeast fermentation process.3Saccharomyces cerevisiae.. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the yeast is4. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the fermentation process is aerobic.5. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the fermenting yeast is subject to a stress condition.6. The composition of claim 5 , wherein the stress is a non-lethal heat shock.7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the enzyme is selected from the group claim 1 , or combinations thereof: lipase claim 1 , cellulase claim 1 , lignase claim 1 , polysaccharase.8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the surfactant is anionic claim 1 , nonionic claim 1 , ...

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03-10-2013 дата публикации

Methods of Saccharifying Sugar Cane Trash

Номер: US20130260423A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to methods of saccharifying the trash (leaf) fraction of sugar cane using enzymes. 1. A method of degrading or converting sugar cane trash , comprising: separating the sugar cane trash from sugar cane and saccharifying the sugar cane trash with an enzyme composition.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sugar cane trash is separated from sugar cane stalks.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sugar cane trash is pretreated.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the enzyme composition comprises one or more enzymes selected from the group consisting of a cellulase claim 1 , a GH61 polypeptide having cellulolytic enhancing activity claim 1 , a hemicellulase claim 1 , an esterase claim 1 , an expansin claim 1 , a laccase claim 1 , a ligninolytic enzyme claim 1 , a pectinase claim 1 , a peroxidase claim 1 , a protease claim 1 , and a swollen in.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the degraded sugar cane trash is a sugar.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising recovering the degraded sugar cane trash.7. A method of producing a fermentation product claim 1 , comprising:(a) harvesting and separating sugar cane trash from sugar cane;(b) pretreating the sugar cane trash;(c) saccharifying the sugar cane trash with an enzyme composition;(d) fermenting the saccharified sugar cane trash with one or more fermenting microorganisms to produce the fermentation product; and(e) recovering the fermentation product from the fermentation.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the sugar cane trash is separated from sugar cane stalks.9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the sugar cane trash is pretreated.10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the enzyme composition comprises one or more enzymes selected from the group consisting of a cellulase claim 7 , a GH61 polypeptide having cellulolytic enhancing activity claim 7 , a hemicellulase claim 7 , an esterase claim 7 , an expansin claim 7 , a laccase claim 7 , a ligninolytic enzyme claim 7 , a pectinase claim 7 , a ...

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10-10-2013 дата публикации

STEPWISE ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS PROCESS FOR CONVERTING CELLULOSE TO GLUCOSE

Номер: US20130266990A1
Принадлежит:

A method for the production of alcohol and other bioproducts hemicelluloses extracted from biomass prior to thermal conversion of the biomass to energy. The process can be integrated with the host plant process to minimize the energy loss from extracting hemicelluloses. Also disclosed is a Stepwise enzymatic break down of cellulose fibers from a pulping operation which is performed with the redeployment of equipment and vessels contained within typical existing pulp and paper manufacturing mills. The preferred feedstock is highly delignified pulp from acid or alkaline pulping process or from bleaching stage. 124-. (canceled)25. A process to enzymatically hydrolyze cellulose to glucose , said process comprising:(a) providing a cellulose-containing pulp at a starting solids concentration from 3% to 12% by weight;(b) providing an enzyme formulation comprising cellulase enzymes;(c) mechanically mixing a first amount of said pulp with a first amount of said enzyme formulation, to promote enzyme contact with cellulose fibers in said pulp;(d) hydrolyzing said cellulose fibers in a retention tank, while maintaining mixing, to produce a partially hydrolyzed pulp suspension, wherein from 25% to 50% of said pulp by weight is hydrolyzed;(e) concentrating or diluting said partially hydrolyzed pulp suspension to a suspension solids concentration from 3% to 12% by weight;(f) introducing a second amount of said enzyme formulation to said partially hydrolyzed pulp suspension, to maintain hydrolysis activity;(g) introducing a second amount of said pulp to said partially hydrolyzed pulp suspension, to adjust said suspension solids concentration and to increase glucose production; and(h) removing unhydrolyzed solids from said partially hydrolyzed pulp suspension, to produce a sugar solution comprising glucose.26. The process of claim 25 , wherein said cellulose-containing pulp contains less than 3% by weight lignin.27. The process of claim 25 , wherein said enzyme formulation further ...

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17-10-2013 дата публикации

XYLANASES ACTIVE DURING PRETREATMENT OF CELLULOSIC BIOMASS

Номер: US20130273611A1
Принадлежит: SYNGENTA BIOTECHNOLOGY INC.

Compositions and methods are provided for treating lignocellulosic material with a xylanase enzyme having xylanase activity. The enzyme is stable and active at increased pHs and temperatures. The present invention therefore provides methods for hydrolyzing lignocellulosic material, especially cellulose and hemicellulose, which are major components of the cell wall of non-woody and woody plants. The methods for hydrolyzing cellulose and hemicellulose can be used on any plant, wood or wood product, wood waste, paper pulp, paper product or paper waste or byproduct. 1. A method of processing lignocellulosic material , the method comprising the step of contacting lignocellulosic material with at least one enzyme having xylanase activity to hydrolyze the lignocellulosic material , wherein the enzyme has an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 6 , 8 or 10 or an active variant or fragment thereof , and wherein the contacting is under conditions where the pH is at about pH 6 to about pH 12.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conditions include a reaction temperature of about 95° C.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the xylanase enzyme is present from about 0.01 units to about 1000 units.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the xylanase enzyme is present at about 500 units.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pH is reduced over time to a pH of about pH 6.6. The method of claim 1 , where the contacting is for about 12 hours to about 24 hours.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contacting is for about 6 hours.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contacting is in the presence of at least one additional enzyme selected from the group consisting of a cellulase claim 1 , hemicellulase claim 1 , ligninase claim 1 , pectinase and protease.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the cellulase is selected from the group consisting of a mannan endo-1 claim 8 ,4-β-mannosidase claim 8 , 1 claim 8 ,3-β-D-glucan glucanohydrolase claim 8 , 1 claim 8 ,3-β- ...

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17-10-2013 дата публикации

Processing biomass and petroleum containing materials

Номер: US20130273612A1
Автор: Marshall Medoff
Принадлежит: Xyleco Inc

Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation.

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17-10-2013 дата публикации

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR SACCHARIFICATION OF BIOMASS

Номер: US20130274455A1
Принадлежит: Sweetwater Energy, Inc.

Provided are methods and compositions for high yields while using reduced enzyme loads in saccharification and fermentation processes. These methods increase the efficiency of enzymes and result in improved yields and composition of saccharification and fermentation end products. 1. A method of producing a composition comprising C5 and C6 saccharides and low levels of an inhibitor compound from a biomass composition comprising cellulose , hemicellulose , and/or lignocellulose , the method comprising: (i) hydration of the biomass composition in an acid medium to produce a hydrated biomass composition,', '(ii) mechanical size reduction of the hydrated biomass composition to produce the mixture of solid particles, and', '(iii) heating the hydrated biomass composition for a time sufficient to produce the pretreated biomass composition comprising C5 monosaccharides and/or disaccharides in the yield that is at least 50% of the theoretical maximum while producing low levels of the inhibitor compound; and, '(a) pretreating the biomass composition comprising cellulose, hemicellulose, and/or lignocellulose to produce a pretreated biomass composition comprising a mixture of solid particles, wherein at least 50% of the solid particles are less than 1.5 mm in a dimension, and C5 monosaccharides and/or disaccharides in a yield that is at least 50% of a theoretical maximum, wherein pretreating produces low levels of the inhibitor compound and comprises(b) hydrolyzing the pretreated biomass composition with one or more enzymes for a time sufficient to produce the composition comprising C5 and C6 saccharides and low levels of the inhibitor compound.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of the mixture of solid particles in the pretreated biomass composition are from about 0.1 mm to about 1 mm in a dimension.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein all of the solid particles in the pretreated biomass are less than 7.5 mm in a dimension.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein all of the ...

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17-10-2013 дата публикации

Methods and Systems for Saccharification of Biomass

Номер: US20130274456A1
Принадлежит: Sweetwater Energy, Inc.

Provided are methods and compositions for high yields while using reduced enzyme loads in saccharification and fermentation processes. These methods increase the efficiency of enzymes and result in improved yields and composition of saccharification and fermentation end products.

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24-10-2013 дата публикации

Method for Transforming Iota-Carrageenan Into Alpha-Carrageenan by Means of a New Class of 4S-Iota-Carrageenan Sulfatase

Номер: US20130280765A1

A method for transforming iota-carrageenan into alpha-carrageenan by a new class of 4S-iota-carrageenan sulfatase. The invention also relates to carrageenans obtained by the conversion method. The invention can be especially applied to the agro-food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. 14-. (canceled)7. The method as claimed in either of claim 5 , in which said enzyme is a 4S-iota-carrageenan sulfatase.8. The method as claimed in claim 5 , in which the enzyme is produced by a host cell comprising a nucleic acid encoding said enzyme and/or a vector comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding said enzyme. 1. Technical FieldThe present invention relates to a method for transforming iota-carrageenan to alpha-carrageenan by means of a novel class of 4S-iota-carrageenan sulfatase. The present invention also relates to carrageenans obtained by said conversion method.The present invention finds application especially in the agro-food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.In the description below, the references in square brackets ([ ]) refer to the list of references presented at the end of the text.2. State of the ArtCarrageenans are sulfated galactans extracted from the wall of marine red algae. Carrageenans are composed of a succession of D-galactosides alternately linked by alpha(1-3) and beta(1-4) bonds. These anionic polysaccharides are mainly distinguishable by the presence or otherwise of a 3,6 anhydro bridge on the galactose residue linked at the alpha(1-3) position, and by their degree of sulfation. For example, the three disaccharide repeating units—called carrabiose motif—found in the most industrially exploited carrageenans are characterized by the presence of one (kappa-carrabiose), two (iota-carrabiose) or three sulfates (lambda-carrabiose) (). Carrageenans may be mainly composed of a carrabiose motif, for example kappa-carrageenan from the alga is composed of about 90% kappa-carrabiose motif and 10% iota-carrabiose. The iota-carrageenan extracted from ...

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31-10-2013 дата публикации

Processing Biomass Containing Materials

Номер: US20130288307A1
Автор: Marshall Medoff
Принадлежит: Xyleco Inc

Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation.

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31-10-2013 дата публикации

CELLULOSE SACCHARIFICATION APPARATUS, BIOMASS SACCHARIFICATION APPARATUS, FERMENTATION APPARATUS AND CELLULOSE SACCHARIFICATION METHOD

Номер: US20130288311A1
Принадлежит:

A fermentation apparatus (A) of the present invention comprising: an enzymatic reactor () for degrading cellulose using a diastatic enzyme, and a first catalytic reactor () for degrading the degradation product produced by the enzymatic reactor () into glucose, using a solid acid catalyst (X). According to this fermentation apparatus (A), saccharification treatment of cellulose can be performed while reducing diastatic enzyme costs. 1. A cellulose saccharification apparatus , comprising:an enzymatic reactor for degrading cellulose using a diastatic enzyme, anda first catalytic reactor for degrading the degradation product produced by the enzymatic reactor into glucose, using a solid acid catalyst.2. The cellulose saccharification apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the diastatic enzyme is a heat-resistant enzyme.3. A biomass saccharification apparatus claim 1 , comprising:a pressurized hot water reactor for selectively degrading hemicellulose contained in biomass by allowing pressurized hot water to act on the biomass,a solid-liquid separator for separating cellulose as a solid from a treated liquid of the pressurized hot water reactor, and{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'a cellulose saccharification apparatus of for degrading cellulose separated by the solid-liquid separator into glucose.'}4. The biomass saccharification apparatus according to claim 3 , further comprising a second catalytic reactor for degrading a hemicellulose degradation product as the liquid separated by the solid-liquid separator claim 3 , into a hemicellulose-derived monosaccharide claim 3 , using a solid acid catalyst.5. A fermentation apparatus claim 3 , comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00004', 'claim 4'}, 'the biomass saccharification apparatus of ,'}a first fermenter for producing fermentative products from glucose produced by the biomass saccharification apparatus, anda second fermenter for producing fermentative products from a hemicellulose-derived ...

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