СПОСОБ ПРЕОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ПОТЕНЦИАЛЬНОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ ХИМИЧЕСКИХ ВЕЩЕСТВ В КИНЕТИЧЕСКУЮ ЭНЕРГИЮ ГАЗОВОГО ПОТОКА

Изобретение относится к двигателестроению, в частности к способам получения кинетической энергии за счет преобразования потенциальной энергии. Изобретение позволяет получить движущийся высокотемпературный газовый поток, преобразуемый в кинетическую энергию без экологического ущерба. В способе преобразования потенциальной энергии химических веществ в кинетическую энергию газового потока, а затем в механическую работу образуется движущийся высокотемпературный газовый поток. Движущийся высокотемпературный газовый поток, преобразуемый в механическую работу, образуется в результате термического или термокаталитического разложения закиси азота (NO) в реакторе, продуктом которого является смесь азота (N) и кислорода (O).

СПОСОБ РАБОТЫ КОМБИНИРОВАННОГО ДВИГАТЕЛЯ ВНЕШНЕГО СГОРАНИЯ И ДВИГАТЕЛЛЬ ВНЕШНЕГО СГОРАНИЯ

Использование: двигателестроение. Сущность изобретения: двигатель содержит рабочий цилиндр и компрессорный цилиндр. Привод механизма газораспределения осуществляется от выходного вала двигателя. В компрессорном цилиндре изотермически сжимается рабочее тело. Одновременно рабочее тело насыщается парами воды. Вода поступает через поры испарителя. Сжатое рабочее тело нагревается в теплообменнике и поступает в рабочий цилиндр. После расширения рабочее тело отдает тепло в турбодетандер, где происходит дополнительное расширение рабочего тела с одновременным отделением влаги и осушением. Осушенное рабочее тело и конденсат воды поступают в компрессорный цилиндр. Цикл повторяется. Выходной вал турбодетандера подключен к электрогенератору или нагнетателю воздуха. 2 с. и 7 з.п. ф-лы, 8 ил.

СИЛОВАЯ УСТАНОВКА ГЛАЗУНОВА

... 1. Силовая установка содержащая, двигатель, устройства подачи топлива в цилиндры двигателя, например, форсунки и компрессор, напор которого соединен с входом в цилиндры двигателя, отличающаяся тем, что имеет устройство регулирования оборотов компрессора, например, вариатор, соединяющий вал компрессора с выходным валом силовой установки и установка имеет баллон высокого давления, присоединенный трубопроводом к напорному трубопроводу компрессора. 2. Силовая установка по п.1, отличающаяся тем, что установка имеет устройство регулирования оборотов двигателя, например, автоматически переключаемую коробку передач соединяющую вал двигателя с выходным валом силовой установки и устройство отсоединения вала двигателя, например, муфту сцепления, устройство отсоединения вала компрессора, например, муфту сцепления, а устройство регулирования оборотов компрессора выполнено в виде автоматически переключаемой коробки передач. 3. Силовая установка по п.1, отличающаяся тем, что имеет регенеративные нагреватели ...

Система воздухораспределения аксиально-поршневого двигателя двухстороннего действия

Пневматический ротационный двигатель

Способ работы поршневого двигателя и поршневой двигатель

Использование: в поршневых расширительных машинах. Цель: упрощение конструкции. Сущность изобретения: подача рабочего тела в цилиндр : производится непрерывно через впуск- ное отверстие, при этом перепад дав- лений на входе и выходе впускного отверстия больше 2/3 величины, обеспечивающей сверхкритический перепад давлений между входом и выходом. Двигатель содержит корпус 1, в котором размещен цилиндр 2 с впускным отверстием 3, выполненным п виде сужающегося сопла, и выпускным отверстием 4. В цилиндре установлен поршень 5, свя- занный с механизмом 7 преобразования движения. Положительный эффект: упрощение конструкции двигателя за счет устранения впускного клапана0 2 с.п0Л-лы, 1 ил. От ucmowt/ка газа постоянно-i го X Ч СП W о о ч ...

Пневматический двигатель

Роторный двигатель с внешним подводом теплоты

Целью изобретения является упрощение конструкции роторного двигателя с внешним подводом теплоты и уменьшение его габаритов. Двигатель содержит холодную камеру 1 и горячую камеру 2, размещенные в едином корпусе, который разделен перегородкой. В камерах 1 и 2 установлены роторы 4 и 5, находящиеся во взаимном зацеплении. Нагреватель 9, рекуперативный теплообменник 10 и охладитель 11 подключены к камерам 1 и 2 каналами. При нагревании рабочего тела его давление в канале 12 повышается и из-за того, что площадь боковой поверхности роторов 4 и 5 в камере 2 больше, чем соответствующая площадь в камере 1, происходит вращение роторов. 4 ил.

Пневматический роторный двигатель

Пневматический реверсивный двигатель

External combustion of solar heated engine - has externally heated rotary piston unit, connected to similar unit using cooling effect

The external heat engine comprises a rotary piston unit with inlet and exhaust port. The region between these ports is externally heated by combustion or solar radiation, such that expansion of the medium produces work. The improved control of the combustion compared with an i.c. engine gives greater efficiency. Using the rotary piston principle improves efficiency over that of a conventional Stirling engine. The exhaust port may connect to the inlet of a second rotary piston unit using contraction of the medium through cooling to produce further work, the exhaust port of the second unit connecting to the inlet of the first.

Solar thermal system for converting solar energy into mechanical energy, has piston compressor pressing air that is compressed in absorber pipe of parabolic channel, where air is heated and expanded by solar radiation in piston engine

The system has a piston compressor (1) that presses air that is compressed in an absorber pipe (2) of a parabolic channel (3) with high pressure. The air is heated and expanded by solar radiation in a valve-controlled piston engine (4). The engine is connected with the compressor by a form-fitting connection (6) to drive the compressor. The piston engine is provided in a lower dead center after the expansion of the air, where a part of the mechanical energy of the engine is utilized by the form-fitting connection for driving the compressor.

Offene Heissluftmaschine

Improvement to manson engine

A Manson engine may comprise a displacer piston 6 directly connected to power piston 8, a flywheel 1, a connecting rod 2 connecting the flywheel to the power piston with connecting rod pins 3. The power piston and displacer piston are contained in a cylinder which has a hot side 5 and cold side 4. A top dead centre valve 9 and bottom dead centre valve 10 take the form of grooves or slots in the skirt of the power piston. The channels 9 and 10 allow pressure to be released and a vacuum to be filled during the engines cycle. The channels are located on opposite sides of the piston and may be offset in the longitudinal axis of the piston. There are no corresponding ports or passageways in the cylinder. The engine operates from any sufficient temperature difference between the hot and cold sides of the engine.

ROTARY PISTON INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

... 1392190 Rotary piston internal combustion engines ROLLS-ROYCE (1971) Ltd 3 Nov 1972 [10 Nov 1971] 52132/71 Heading F1F A rotary piston internal combustion engine of the kind having two engine units of the trochoidal type comprises a combustion chamber 36 located externally of the cavities 14, 15 of the units. In use, air is inducted into chamber A and then undergoes a first stage of compression in both this chamber and a chamber of the cavity 14 connected by duct 25 to cavity 15. A second stage of compression takes place in the respective working chamber of cavity 14 alone and the compressed gas is fed into a combustion chamber 36 external to cavity 14. After ignition the combustion gases expand limit in cavity 14 alone and then in both cavities due to connection by duct 26. The gases are finally exhausted through outlet 24.

Stationary regenerator, regenerated, reciprocating engine

An improved, internal combustion, reciprocating engine employs thermal regeneration to improve its efficiency and power. Regeneration is accomplished through the use of an alternating flow heat exchanger. In one embodiment the engine consists of one or more cylinders (10) containing a pair of opposed pistons (12,112,14,114), a hot piston (14,114) and a cold piston (12,112) separated by a stationary regenerator (28,128). The engine is equipped with means to introduce gaseous or liquid fuel into said hot volume (32,132), means to introduce fresh working fluid and means to remove exhaust gases from the cold volume (30,130). In one embodiment one or more exhaust ports (40,140) permitting the flow of exhaust fluid out of the cylinder (10) are located between a cold piston (12,112) and the thermal regenerator (28,128) and one or more intake ports (38,138) permitting the flow of fresh working fluid into the cylinder (10) are located between the cold piston (12,112) and the exhaust ports (40,140 ...

Method and device for entropy transfer with a thermodynamic cyclic process

Method and device for recuperating ambient thermal energy for vehicle equipped with an pollution-free engine with secondary compreseed air

Improved compressed-air or gas and/or additional-energy engine having an active expansion chamber

Low-temperature motor compressor unit with continuous "cold" combustion at constant pressure and with active chamber

MONO-ENERGY AND/OR DUAL-ENERGY ENGINE WITH COMPRESSED AIR AND/OR ADDITIONAL ENERGY, COMPRISING AN ACTIVE CHAMBER INCLUDED IN THE CYLINDER

Method and device for recuperating ambient thermal energy for vehicle equipped with an pollution-free engine with secondary compressed air.

The invention concerns a method for recuperating ambient thermal energy for an engine or vehicles equipped with pollution-free motors functioning with injection of secondary compressed air in the combustion chamber (2) and having a reservoir for storing highly compressed air (23). The highly compressed air contained in the reservoir is, previous to its being injected into the chamber (2), expanded in a system with variable volume such as a piston-cylinder assembly (54, 55), producing a work which is used by mechanical means or the like. This expansion- to the injecting pressure- with work causes the air to cool to a very low temperature. This air is then propelled into a heat exchanger (41) where it is heated, thus increasing in pressure and/or in volume by recuperating a supply of thermal energy derived from the atmosphere. The invention is applicable to all engines equipped with compressed air injection and to the production of conditioned air in the vehicle.

Method and device for entropy transfer with a thermodynamic cyclic process.

The invention relates to a method and device for entropy transfer, whereby a periodic cyclic process is created inside a pressurized container by periodically exchanging working substances(s)using valves at different pressures and by periodically modifying partial volumes defined by regenerators with or without the use of a compression device. The transformation of mechanical energy by exchanging a working substance at different pressures makes it easier to integrate other systems and to sunstantially modify the temperature of at least one working substance flow by coupling a thermodynamic cyclic process to heat energy transport, heat energy storgae or the construction of a simple effective solar collector system wherein optical concentration, translucent insulation and translucent insulation cross-flow are combined in an effective manner. The invention can be used for solar energy or heat sources or to supply local pumping capacity requirements and provide mechanical actuation, electrical ...

Improved compressed-air or gas and/or additional-energy engine having an active expansion chamber

Mono-energy and/or dual-energy engine with compressed air and/or additional energy, comprising an active chamber included in the cylinder

Apparatus and method for transferring entropy withthe aid of a thermodynamic cycle.

Process and device of recovery of energiethermic ambient for vehicle been driven by cleansed engine with injection of additional compressed air.

Mono-energy and/or dual-energy engine with compressed air and/or additional energy, comprising an active chamber included in the cylinder

Improved compressed-air or gas and/or additional-energy engine having an active expansion chamber

Method and device for entropy transfer with a thermodynamic cyclic process

Mono-energy and/or dual-energy engine with compressed air and/or additional energy, comprising an active chamber included in the cylinder

Improved compressed-air or gas and/or additional-energy engine having an active expansion chamber

Heißluftmotor

Konstruktion eines Heißluftmotors mit getrennten Zylindern (2, 4) für die Kompression und Expansion des heißen unter Druck stehenden Arbeitsgases, welches entweder indirekt in einem externen Wärmetauscher oder direkt in einer internen Brennkammer mittels eingeblasenem Holzstaub erhitzt wird mit formschlüssig verbundenen Kolben der Kompression und Expansion (6, 9), wo vorzugsweise ein Motorblock (1) mit Kurbelwelle, Zylindern, Kolben und Pleuel eines herkömmlichen Hubkolbenmotors verwendet wird, die Expansionszylinder ( 4) fluchtend aufgesetzt werden mit der Ansteuerung des Gasstromes durch paarweise, mit gleicher Drehzahl wie der Kurbelwelle mitrotierende Arbeitsgasverteiler ( 11 ), welche die Verfahrensschritte Arbeitsgaszufuhr, Expansion und Abfuhr des entspannten Arbeitsgases bewerkstelligen.

Heißgasmotor

Bei einer Heißgasmotor, umfassend einen Kolben, welcher in einem mit einem Gas gefüllten Arbeitsraum eines Zylinder hin- und herbewegbar geführt ist, wobei der Zylinder zumindest einen beheizbaren Bereich und zumindest einen kühlbaren Bereich aufweist, und der Zylinder zumindest eine verschließbare Öffnung umfasst, die den Arbeitsraum mit der Umgebung außerhalb des Zylinders verbindet, wobei der Kolben mit einer bewegbaren Einrichtung, bspw. einem Pleuel, verbindbar ist, ist zwischen dem zumindest einen beheizbaren Bereich und dem zumindest einen kühlbaren Bereich ein Wärmespeicher angeordnet, der von dem Gas durchströmbar ist.

DRIVE DEVICE FOR A EXPANSIONSMASCHINE

Hot gas rotary-piston engine

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE RECUPERATION OF AMBIENT HEAT FOR VEHICLES WITH POLLUTION FREE ENGINE WITH ADDITIONAL COMPRESSED AIR

EXTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Improved compressed-air or gas and/or additional-energy engine having an active expansion chamber

The invention proposes an engine supplied with compressed air comprising a main drive piston (1) driving a crankshaft (5) and one active expansion chamber (13) of a variable volume allowing work to be produced and which is connected, by a passage (6), with the volume contained in the driving cylinder (2), characterized in that the said passage (6) comprises a shutter (7) thus allowing the said active expansion chamber to be isolated from or to be placed in contact with the dead volume, in such a manner that the engine works according to a four-phase thermodynamic cycle: an isothermal expansion without work; a transfer-slight expansion with work said to be quasi-isothermal; a polytropic expansion with work; an exhaust at ambient pressure.

Transfer - expansion - regeneration combustion engine

The transfer - expansion - regeneration combustion engine (1) comprises a compressor (2) which delivers gases into a high-pressure regeneration pipe (6) of a regeneration heat exchanger (5) from which pipe the gases emerge preheated via a regenerator high-pressure outlet pipe (9) which comprises a heat source (12) which superheats said gases, the latter then being transferred by an intake metering valve (24) operated by a metering valve actuator (25) to a transfer - expansion chamber (16) notably formed by an expansion cylinder (13) and an expansion piston (15), said gases re-emerging from said chamber (16) having been expanded via an expanded-gases exhaust pipe (26) and via an exhaust valve (31) operated by an exhaust-valve actuator (32) before being cooled in a regeneration low-pressure pipe (7) that the regeneration heat exchanger (5) comprises.

COMPOUND REGENERATIVE ENGINE

COMPOUND REGENERATIVE ENGINE An Ericsson-Stirling type engine is disclosed having a semi-open regenerative working fluid system employing intermittent internal combustion. The regenerator is modified to act also as a catalytic combustor and is located at the terminal end of the unswept clearance volume most adjacent the high temperature chamber or hot swept space. The clearance volume is reduced and engine efficiency increased by (a) elimination of any leak path around the regenerator (b) positive exhaust purging, and (c) lower peak combustion temperature.

IMPROVED COMPRESSED-AIR OR GAS AND/OR ADDITIONAL-ENERGY ENGINE HAVING AN ACTIVE EXPANSION CHAMBER

The invention proposes an engine supplied with compressed air comprising a main drive piston (1) driving a crankshaft (5) and one active expansion ch amber (13) of a variable volume allowing work to be produced and which is co nnected, by a passage (6), with the volume contained in the driving cylinder (2), characterized in that the said passage (6) comprises a shutter (7) thu s allowing the said active expansion chamber to be isolated from or to be pl aced in contact with the dead volume, in such a manner that the engine works according to a four-phase thermodynamic cycle: an isothermal expansion with out work; a transfer-slight expansion with work said to be quasi-isothermal; a polytropic expansion with work; an exhaust at ambient pressure.

A POWER PLANT COMPRISING A CONDENSED WATER RECOVERY DEVICE

A power plant (1) comprising: - a thermal machine (2); - an inlet duct (3) for delivering a combustive first fluid in said thermal machine (2) and a ventilation circuit (4) for delivering a cooling second fluid to said thermal machine (2), the first and/or the second fluid including water therein; wherein the power plant (1) further includes a water recovery device (10) connected with the inlet duct (3) and/or the ventilation circuit (4) for condensing and collecting water from the first and/or the second fluid, the water recovery device (10) being associated with at least one heat exchanger (30, 40) thermally connected with the inlet duct (3) and/or the ventilation circuit (4) for cooling said first and/or said second fluid beyond the dew point thereof, the water recovery device (10) further including connecting means (25, 26, 27) for delivering the water condensed from the first and/or the second fluid to a water using device (20).

Moteur polycylindrique à combustion interne.

Procédé pour la production de force motrice et installation pour la réalisation de ce procédé.

Moteur combiné à combustion interne et à vapeur.

Motore ad esplosione ed a vapore.

Heissluftmotor mit Pressluftvorwärmer.

Wärmekraftmaschine.

Procedimento d'esercizio per un dispositivo motore a combustibile liquido e dispositivo per la messa in opera di tale procedimento.

Mit einem gasförmigen Arbeitsmittel betriebene Kraftmaschinen-Anlage.

Installation de force motrice à air chaud.

Arbeitsverfahren für Verbrennungsmaschinen.

Mit einem elastischen Fluidum betriebene Kraftanlage.

Freikolben-Treibgaserzeugeranlage.

Brennkraftmaschine

Einstufenexpansionsmaschine

THERMODYNAMISCHE MASCHINE.

MOTEUR A PISTONS A AIR CHAUD.

Expansion engine with rotary pistons - uses combustion gases from motor chamber, connection being by non return valve

The expansion engine has a motor comprising a piston rotatably mounted in a cylinder and driven by combustion gases delivered by a combustion apparatus. The expansion engine comprises a continuously operating burner arranged in a housing separate from the piston and cylinder and having an expansion chamber and an air compression chamber. The engine has a controller having a piston rotatably mounted in a cylinder. The first piston and cylinder is larger than the second piston and cylinder. The controller has an inlet chamber for the combustion gases provided with an inlet channel for the combustion gases.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPARATUS AND METHOD OF TRANSFER ENTROPY WITH USAGE OF THERMODYNAMIC CYCLE

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ РЕКУПЕРАЦИИ ТЕПЛОВОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ ДЛЯ АВТОМОБИЛЯ, ОСНАЩЕННОГО НЕ ЗАГРЯЗНЯЮЩИМ ОКРУЖАЮЩУЮ СРЕДУ ДВИГАТЕЛЕМ С ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫМ ВПРЫСКОМ СЖАТОГО ВОЗДУХА

Способ рекуперации окружающей тепловой энергии предназначен для двигателей или для автомобилей, оснащенных не загрязняющими окружающую среду двигателями, работающими на дополнительном впрыске сжатого воздуха в камеру (2) сгорания или расширения и имеющими резервуар (23) для хранения сжатого воздуха высокого давления. Сжатый воздух высокого давления, находящийся в резервуаре, разрежается перед своим впрыском в камеру (2) в системе с изменяющимся объемом, состоящей из поршня-цилиндра (54, 55), производящего работу, которая используется механическими и другими средствами. Этот процесс разрежение-давление впрыска-работа приводит к охлаждению воздуха до очень низкой температуры. Затем этот воздух подается в теплообменник (41), где он нагревается и увеличивает тем самым давление и/или объем, осуществляя при этом рекуперацию части тепловой энергии из атмосферы. Изобретение может быть применено в конструкциях всех двигателей, оснащенных дополнительным впрыском сжатого воздуха. Изобретение применимо ...

УСОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАННЫЙ ДВИГАТЕЛЬ, РАБОТАЮЩИЙ НА СЖАТОМ ВОЗДУХЕ ИЛИ ГАЗЕ И/ИЛИ ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ С АКТИВНОЙ КАМЕРОЙ РАСШИРЕНИЯ

Изобретение относится к поршневым пневмодвигателям, которые работают на сжатом воздухе или газе. Предложенный двигатель имеет основной поршень (1), который приводит в движение коленчатый вал (5), и одну активную камеру расширения (13) переменного объема, поршень которой присоединен к коленчатому валу в противофазе к основному поршню. Камера расширения соединена каналом (6) с камерой в приводном цилиндре (2). В канале (6) предусмотрена заслонка (7), которая изолирует камеру расширения от мертвого пространства камеры приводного цилиндра во время рабочего хода поршня, что предотвращает некоторую потерю давления в камере. Предусмотрены устройства подогрева газа перед подачей в двигатель, возможная подача отработанных газов по замкнутой цепи через компрессор на вход двигателя. Изобретение способствует уменьшению потерь мощности при прохождении рабочего тела через цилиндры.

РЕЗЕРВНЫЙ ГЕНЕРАТОРНЫЙ АГРЕГАТ, РАБОТАЮЩИЙ НА СЖАТОМ ВОЗДУХЕ

Настоящее изобретение относится к вспомогательному силовому агрегату, использующему сжатый воздух для обеспечения энергии и оборудованному электродвигателем-генератором переменного тока, приводящим в действие двигатель-компрессор или приводимым в действие двигателем-компрессором, работающим на сжатом воздухе, который содержится при высоком давлении в емкости для хранения сжатого воздуха высокого давления и который в другом режиме работы при прекращении подачи электропитания автоматически приводит в действие двигатель-компрессор для подачи электроэнергии. Настоящее изобретение может быть использовано на стационарных и подвижных вспомогательных силовых блоках. Международная заявка была опубликована вместе с отчетом о международном поиске.

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ РЕКУПЕРАЦИИ ТЕПЛОВОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ ДЛЯ АВТОМОБИЛЯ, ОСНАЩЕННОГО НЕЗАГРЯЗНЯЮЩИМ ОКРУЖАЮЩУЮ СРЕДУ ДВИГАТЕЛЕМ С ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫМ ВПРЫСКОМ СЖАТОГО ВОЗДУХА

Способ рекуперации окружающей тепловой энергии предназначен для двигателей или для автомобилей, оснащенных не загрязняющими окружающую среду двигателями, работающими на дополнительном впрыске сжатого воздуха в камеру (2) сгорания или расширения и имеющими резервуар (23) для хранения сжатого воздуха высокого давления. Сжатый воздух высокого давления, находящийся в резервуаре, разрежается перед своим впрыском в камеру (2) в системе с изменяющимся объемом, состоящей из поршня-цилиндра (54, 55), производящего работу, которая используется механическими и другими средствами. Этот процесс разрежение - давление впрыска - работа приводит к охлаждению воздуха до очень низкой температуры. Затем этот воздух подается в теплообменник (41), где он нагревается и увеличивает тем самым давление и/или объем, осуществляя при этом рекуперацию части тепловой энергии из атмосферы. Изобретение может быть применено в конструкциях всех двигателей, оснащенных дополнительным впрыском сжатого воздуха. Изобретение применимо ...

METHOD OF WORKING OF MONO-ENERGY AND/OR DUALENERGY ENGINE WITH COMPRESSED AIR AND/OR ADDITIONAL ENERGY, COMPRISING AN ACTIVE CHAMBER INCLUDED IN THE CYLINDER

[USOVERSHENSTVOVANNYY] ENGINE, WHICH WORKS ON THE COMPRESSED AIR OR THE GAS AND/OR THE ADDITIONAL ENERGY WITH THE ACTIVE CAMERA OF THE EXPANSION

ДВИГАТЕЛЬ, РАБОТАЮЩИЙ НА СЖАТОМ ВОЗДУХЕ ИЛИ ГАЗЕ И/ИЛИ ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ С АКТИВНОЙ КАМЕРОЙ РАСШИРЕНИЯ

Двигатель, питается сжатым воздухом и содержит основной приводной поршень 1, коленчатый вал 5 и одну активную камеру расширения 13 изменяемого объема, позволяющую осуществлять работу, и которая соединена через канал 6 с емкостью, имеющейся в главном цилиндре 2. При этом, упомянутый канал 6 содержит заслонку 7 для изолирования активной камеры расширения или сообщения с мертвым пространством, таким образом, что двигатель работает согласно четырехфазному термодинамическому циклу, такой как: изотермическое расширение без совершения работы; квазиизотермическое незначительное расширение с совершением работы; политропное расширение с совершением работы; и выброс при атмосферном давлении. Пункты: 1 независ. 18 завис. Фиг.: 10 ...

Air supplemental heat transfer engine

The invention discloses an air storing and heat exchanging engine, mainly comprising hot air cylinder, heater, air storing room I, compressor and air storing room II. The compressor is connected with the cooling system. When the engine works, the high-temperature heat source transfers heat to the air in inner cavity of heater pipes and on the cover of heat cylinder there is a microcomputer control valve mechanism. The theoretical cycle of engine comprises two equal temperature processes, two equal cubage processes and a moving process. In the moving process energies can not be exchanged in system and the work that the outside puts to system is zero. So the cycling efficiency is equal to carnot cycle efficiency. Compared with the linkage-crank internal combustion engine the open engine, which works in the cycle, can save energy by more than 10%. Compared with prior stirling engine the transmission structure of closed engine is simple.

V-shaped negative pressure power equipment

Atmospheric distribution entropy cycle engine

The invention discloses an atmospheric distribution entropy cycle engine which comprises an air cylinder piston acting mechanism and an air compression device. An air cylinder of the air cylinder piston acting mechanism is communicated with a compressed air outlet of the air compression device. A working medium outward-guiding outlet is formed in a communication passage between the air cylinder of the air cylinder piston acting mechanism and the compressed air outlet. A working medium outward-guiding control valve is arranged at the working medium outward-guiding outlet. Combustion chambers/A combustion chamber are/is arranged in the air cylinder of the air cylinder piston acting mechanism and/or the communication passage between the air cylinder of the air cylinder piston acting mechanism and the compressed air outlet. The pressure bearing ability of working media formed from the compressed air outlet to the air cylinder of the air cylinder piston acting mechanism is larger than 1MPa.

Mechanical device e.g. Carnot diesel engine, for transforming heat into mechanical energy, has heat exchanger provided with check valve associated in parallel to displacer that is connected to working volume

L'amélioration des cycles moteurs apportée par l'invention tient au cycle triangulaire, à la combinaison d'un cycle natif au cycle triangulaire/trapézoïdal qui transforme en couple la chaleur résiduelle du cycle natif, à la stratégie de perte thermique recyclée qui, associée à une combustion prolongée, offre un net accroissement du rendement moteur. Le moteur comprend un cylindre 6 muni d'un échangeur thermique 7. Le flux 16a admis est compressé en isotherme puis expulsé il traverse l'échangeur 9 où il est préchauffé avant d'être admis en détente adiabatique. Là le combustible est injecté et enflammé. Après détente les gaz brulés ont expulsés, leur chaleur résiduelle Qr est prélevée par l'échangeur 17 et est recyclée par l'échangeur 9. Plus Qr est importante, plus le rendement croit. L'invention est particulièrement destinée aux moteurs à combustion interne ou externe.

THERMODYNAMIC RECIPROCATING MACHINE

Rotary internal combustion engine - has two elliptical rotors within a circular cylindrical stator

The engine has a circular cylindrical stator (ST) one end of which contains a elliptical rotor (RM) which leaves working chambers (C, C1) between itself and the stator varying in volume as the rotor turns. Radially sliding vanes in the stator divide each chamber into two compartments. Combustion takes place in recessed pockets (C4, C5, C6, C7) in the stator from which the gases pass to the working chambers for expansion and exhaust strokes. There is another elliptical rotor on the same shaft at the other end of the stator which forms working chambers in which the admission and compression strokes take place.

HEAT ENGINE HAS POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT WITH SEPARATE COMBUSTION CHAMBER

Heat engine for vehicle, has balancing or power multiplication system and working piston that is integrated to annular piston sustaining thrust higher than thrust required to compression of ambient air on surface concerning working chamber

Mechanical or thermal device e.g. Stirling diesel engine, has main heat exchanger associated with combustion chamber, and thermal mechanism provided with open circuits that are obtained from opening of closed circuit at one point

L'invention concerne principalement les moteurs à explosion, elle accroit le rendement des motorisations par deux étapes d'amélioration successives, la combinaison 2 en 1 qui intègre un cycle dit triangulaire ou trapézoïdal au cycle natif, le cycle triangulaire transforme les résidus thermiques du cycle natif en couple, la seconde consiste à recycler la chaleur résiduelle du cycle combiné (natif+trapézoïdal) grâce à quoi le rendement moteur s'accroit considérablement. Le compresseur isotherme 6 travaille en parallèle avec le compresseur "isotherme" 8c. La chaleur résiduelle Qr prélevée avant l'expulsion des gaz détendus est recyclée en Qb après compression isotherme et en Qa avant compression "adiabatique-isotherme". La compression adiabatique-isotherme de l'air/mélange tiède du compresseur 8c est refroidie par le transfert de la chaleur dégagée pour préchauffer l'air/mélange compressé en isotherme froide qui a reçu la quantité de chaleur Qb. Après le recyclage thermique la température ...

ENGINE HAS ACTIVE ROOM INCLUDED MONO AND/OR BI COMPRESSED-AIR ENERGY AND/OR HAS ADDITIONAL ENERGY

L'invention propose un moteur à chambre active incluse, comportant au moins un piston (2) monté coulissant dans un cylindre (1) et entraînant un vilebrequin (5) au moyen d'un dispositif bielle-manivelle (3,4) et fonctionnant selon un cycle thermodynamique à quatre phases comportant : une détente isotherme sans travail, un transfert - légère détente avec travail dit quasi-isotherme, une détente polytropique avec travail, un échappement à pression ambiante, qui est alimenté préférentiellement par de l'air comprimé contenu dans un réservoir de stockage à haute pression (12), à travers une capacité tampon dite capacité de travail (11), qui est détendu à une pression moyenne dite pression de travail dans une capacité de travail (11), préférentiellement à travers un dispositif de détendeur dynamique (13), caractérisé en ce que la chambre active (CA) est incluse dans le cylindre moteur, le volume du cylindre (1) étant balayé par le piston et divisé en deux parties distinctes dont une première ...

Installation of compressed-air machine

PROCEEDED OF OPERATION AND DEVICE OF FUEL INJECTION ENGINE Of AIR COMPRIMEADDITIONNEL FUNCTIONING IN MONO ENERGY, OR BI ENERGY BI OR TRI MODESD' FOOD

PROCEEDED OF OPERATION AND DEVICE OF FUEL INJECTION ENGINE Of AIR COMPRIMEADDITIONNEL FUNCTIONING IN MONO ENERGY, OR BI ENERGY BI OR TRI MODESD' FOOD

PROCEEDED OF OPERATION AND DEVICE OF FUEL INJECTION ENGINE Of AIR COMPRIMEADDITIONNEL FUNCTIONING IN MONO ENERGY, OR BI ENERGY BI OR TRI MODESD' FOOD

IMPROVED COMPRESSED-AIR OR GAS AND/OR ADDITIONAL-ENERGY ENGINE HAVING AN ACTIVE EXPANSION CHAMBER

The invention proposes an engine supplied with compressed air comprising a main drive piston (1) driving a crankshaft (5) and one active expansion chamber (13) of a variable volume allowing work to be produced and which is connected, by a passage (6), with the volume contained in the driving cylinder (2), characterized in that the said passage (6) comprises a shutter (7) thus allowing the said active expansion chamber to be isolated from or to be placed in contact with the dead volume, in such a manner that the engine works according to a four-phase thermodynamic cycle: an isothermal expansion without work; a transfer-slight expansion with work said to be quasi-isothermal; a polytropic expansion with work; an exhaust at ambient pressure. © KIPO & WIPO 2009 ...

MONO-ENERGY AND/OR DUAL-ENERGY ENGINE WITH COMPRESSED AIR AND/OR ADDITIONAL ENERGY, COMPRISING AN ACTIVE CHAMBER INCLUDED IN THE CYLINDER

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR RECUPERATING AMBIENT THERMAL ENERGY FOR VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH AN POLLUTION-FREE ENGINE WITH SECONDARY COMPRESSED AIR

The invention concerns a method for recuperating ambient thermal energy for an engine or vehicles equipped with pollution-free motors functioning with injection of secondary compressed air in the combustion chamber (2) and having a reservoir for storing highly compressed air (23). The highly compressed air contained in the reservoir is, previous to its being injected into the chamber (2), expanded in a system with variable volume such as a piston-cylinder assembly (54, 55), producing a work which is used by mechanical means or the like. This expansion- to the injecting pressure- with work causes the air to cool to a very low temperature. This air is then propelled into a heat exchanger (41) where it is heated, thus increasing in pressure and/or in volume by recuperating a supply of thermal energy derived from the atmosphere. The invention is applicable to all engines equipped with compressed air injection and to the production of conditioned air in the vehicle.

External heat engine

An open cycle external heat engine is provided which is of the reciprocating piston type, having compression cylinders separated from larger power cylinders; the heating of the compressed air being accomplished in an air heater with the compressed air never mixing with the heating gases, a heat exchanger being provided for recovering and recirculating the heat of the combustion gases.

Split cycle engine

A split-cycle engine includes a compression cylinder having a first volume for a first working fluid and a second volume for a second working fluid, the first volume and second volume being separated by the compression piston, an expansion cylinder having a first volume for the first working fluid and a second volume for the second working fluid, the first volume and second volume being separated by the expansion piston, and a fluid coupling between the second volume of the compression cylinder and the second volume of the expansion cylinder, wherein the two second volumes and the fluid coupling provide a closed volume for the second working fluid, wherein the fluid coupling includes a regenerator arranged such that the two second volumes are thermally decoupled.

HEAT ENGINE

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ENTROPY TRANSFER WITH A THERMODYNAMIC CYCLIC PROCESS

ДВУХТАКТНЫЙ ДВИГАТЕЛЬ

Изобретение относится к машиностроению. Двухтактный двигатель с кривошипно-камерной продувкой содержит по меньшей мере цилиндр с размещенным в нем поршнем, снабжен нагревателем, отделенным от цилиндра пневмоклапаном, поддерживающим в нагревателе избыточное давление рабочего тела. Изобретение обеспечивает многотопливность двигателя. 2 ил.

Двигатель на горючем мусоре

Изобретение может быть использовано в двигателестроении. Двигатель на горючем мусоре содержит корпус (21) двигателя, в котором размещены цилиндр (22), головка (23) цилиндра, поршень (25), шатун (28), коленчатый вал (35) и печь сгорания (1), в которой осуществляется горение горючего углеродосодержащего мусора (2). Имеется кислородный баллон (18), соединенный с печью сгорания форсункой для подачи кислорода. Печь сгорания (1) соединена трубкой (4) подачи напорного рабочего газа с корпусом (21) двигателя. В корпусе (21) двигателя расположены впускной (45) и выпускной (50) клапаны. Поршень (25) в цилиндре (22) установлен с зазором (27). Нижняя часть цилиндра (22) имеет выступающую внутреннюю часть, которая располагается внутри поршня (25) и контактирует с его внутренней поверхностью (38) через кольцевые уплотнители (30). В нижней части цилиндра (22) расположен стакан (64) шариковых подшипников, в котором находится шток (53) поршня (25) с шариковыми подшипниками (31). Движение поршня (25) в цилиндре ...

ТЕПЛОВАЯ МАШИНА. СПОСОБ РАБОТЫ И ВАРИАНТЫ ИСПОЛНЕНИЯ

Изобретение относится к области машиностроения и предназначено для использования в машинах наземного, водного и воздушного транспорта, в стационарных наземных и космических энергоустановках. Технический результат изобретения заключается в повышении топливной экономичности (эффективного КПД) тепловых машин, снижении токсичности их выхлопа и уровня шума. Предложены способы работы и варианты исполнения тепловой машины (двигателя) с рекуперацией тепла выпускных газов в процессе сжатия. Рассмотрены конструкции четырехтактного и двухтактного поршневого двигателя, а также роторно-поршневого двигателя на основе известной схемы Ф. Ванкеля. Двигатели допускают выполнение с внешним нагревом (ДВН) и замкнутым циклом или с внутренним сгоранием (ДВС), когда нагреватель выполнен в виде камеры сгорания с топливной форсункой, а в качестве холодильника используется внешняя атмосфера. Предусмотрены разные варианты теплообменных устройств (регенераторов, рекуператоров, нагревателей), обеспечивающие повышение ...

ДВИГАТЕЛЬ ДОЧКИНА В.Г. С ВНЕШНИМ СГОРАНИЕМ, РАБОТАЮЩИЙ ПО ЗАМКНУТОМУ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИ ЧИСТОМУ И ВЫСОКОЭКОНОМИЧНОМУ ЦИКЛУ

FIELD: railroad locomotives, tractors, combines, trucks, shipbuilding, self-contained power plants, construction, plants for conversion of energy. SUBSTANCE: external combustion engine includes working cylinder with piston, connecting rod, crankshaft, combustion chamber, auxiliary piston, waste-heat exchanger of accumulator-regenerator filled with heat-absorbing filler and steam line with cylinder. Power of engine is controlled through change of delivery of fuel and delivery of working medium by auxiliary piston. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 5 dwg 4916 0с ПЧ ГЭ РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ ВИ ‘” 2 097 627 Сл (51) МПК Е 16 Н 25/08, Е 01 К 25/04 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 96122835/28, 05.12.1996 (46) Дата публикации: 27.11.1997 (56) Ссылки: 1. 4$, патент, 3867816, кл. Е 01 К 25/00, 1975. 32. Ц$, патент, 3995431, кл. Е 01 К 25/02, 1976. 3. ЕК, заявка, 2512881, кл. Е 01 К 2500, 1983. 4. ЕК, заявка, 2411301, кл. Е 01 К 1902, 1979. (71) Заявитель: Дочкин Вячеслав Георгиевич (72) Изобретатель: Дочкин Вячеслав Георгиевич (73) Патентообладатель: Дочкин Вячеслав Георгиевич (54) ДВИГАТЕЛЬ ДОЧКИНА В.Г. С ВНЕШНИМ СГОРАНИЕМ, РАБОТАЮЩИЙ ПО ЗАМКНУТОМУ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИ ЧИСТОМУ И ВЫСОКОЭКОНОМИЧНОМУ ЦИКЛУ (57) Реферат: Использование: железнодорожные тепловозы, тракторы, комбайны, грузовые автомобили, кораблестроение, автономные энергоустановки, строительная техника, установка для превращения тепловой энергии В другие виды энергии. Сущность изобретения: двигатель внешнего сгорания состоит из рабочего цилиндра с поршнем, шатуна, коленчатого вала, камеры сгорания, вспомогательного поршня, теплообменника-утилизатора аккумулятора-регенератора, заполненного теплоемким наполнителем и паропроводом с цилиндром. Величина мощности двигателя регулируется изменением подачи топлива и изменением подачи рабочего тела вспомогательным поршнем. —Остаточное тепло продуктов сгорания утилизируется в теплообменнике подогрева воздуха, ...

HEAT EXCHANGING CYLINDER HEAD

This engine () (of the piston engine or rotary Wankel-type engine type) includes a heat-exchanging cylinder head () which transfers to the fluid internal to the engine the heat energy collected from an external hot source (liquid, gaseous or by radiation). In a closed or open cycle it uses a gaseous fluid (air) or a refrigerant such as an engine fluid in particular when the temperature of the hot source is low. The volumetric compression ratio of the engine is optimized according to the temperature level of the hot source in order on the one hand to allow the internal heat exchanging cylinder head () and () to be positioned in the dead volume freed inside the chamber (piston top dead center) of the engine () and on the other hand to extract significant mechanical work. It is a matter of increasing technological feasibility at the expense of an acceptable loss in efficiency given that the contribution from the hot source is free of charge. It avoids the adding of a bulky external heat exchanger and the associated problems of the thermal and mechanical stresses thereof and also makes it possible to reduce the flow rate of the engine fluid (for example air) transferred to a strict minimum. By comparison with competing systems, this invention does not require the engine fluid to be transferred to the hot source and vice-versa and there are therefore no additional valves and the engine air flow rate is minimum. It is a relatively inexpensive invention particularly suited to the field of the recovery of free or wasted heat (exchange with a hot external fluid—exhaust gas or radiation) where other technological solutions with a higher overall efficiency are either technologically unfeasible or require too great an investment thereby jeopardizing their economic model 1119356432121199112172481213714. Thermal engine operating according to a open or closed cycle such as Stirling , Ericsson or conventional , 2 or 4 strokes , using a gaseous working fluid , air or refrigerant or ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR FOAM-BASED HEAT EXCHANGE DURING ENERGY STORAGE AND RECOVERY USING COMPRESSED GAS

In various embodiments, foam is compressed to store energy and/or expanded to recover energy. 144.-. (canceled)45. An energy storage and recovery system comprising:a cylinder assembly for at least one of storing energy by compression or recovering energy by expansion;a storage reservoir; andselectively fluidly connected to the cylinder assembly and the storage reservoir, a mixing chamber for (i) receiving gas and heat-transfer liquid from the storage reservoir, (ii) mixing the gas with the heat-transfer liquid to form a foam, and (iii) transferring the foam to the cylinder assembly,wherein the mixing chamber is selectively fluidly connected to the storage reservoir by (i) a first conduit for transferring gas and (ii) a second conduit, different from the first conduit, for transferring heat-transfer liquid.46. The system of claim 45 , further comprising claim 45 , within the mixing chamber claim 45 , a mechanism for altering at least one characteristic of the foam.47. The system of claim 46 , wherein the mechanism comprises at least one of a screen or a source of ultrasound energy.48. The system of claim 46 , wherein the at least one characteristic comprises at least one of foam cell size or foam cell size uniformity.49. The system of claim 45 , further comprising claim 45 , coupled to at least one of the first conduit or the second conduit in the mixing chamber claim 45 , a foam-generating mechanism.50. The system of claim 49 , wherein the foam-generating mechanism comprises at least one of one or more nozzles claim 49 , a rotating blade claim 49 , a source of ultrasound energy claim 49 , or a sparger.51. The system of claim 45 , further comprising a second cylinder assembly for at least one of storing energy by compression or recovering energy by expansion over a pressure range different from a pressure range of the cylinder assembly.52. The system of claim 51 , further comprising claim 51 , selectively fluidly connected to the second cylinder assembly claim 51 , a ...

Systems and methods for foam-based heat exchange during energy storage and recovery using compressed gas

In various embodiments, foam is compressed to store energy and/or expanded to recover energy.

COMPRESSED GAS ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM

Embodiments relate generally to energy storage systems, and in particular to energy storage systems using compressed gas as an energy storage medium. In various embodiments, a compressed gas storage system may include a plurality of stages to convert energy into compressed gas for storage, and then to recover that stored energy by gas expansion. In certain embodiments, a stage may comprise a reversible compressor/expander having a reciprocating piston. Pump designs for introducing liquid for heat exchange with the gas, are described. Gas flow valves featuring shroud and/or curtain portions, are also described. 1. An apparatus comprising:a chamber defined within a plurality of liquid sprayers;a plunger piston having a first end moveable in response to gas expanding within the cylinder in an absence of combustion, the plunger piston having a second end in communication with a crank;a dedicated active high pressure valve comprising a poppet moveable relative to a port of the cylinder; anda channel between the dedicated high pressure valve and the chamber to substantially balance a pressure during valve actuation.2. An apparatus as in wherein the plurality of liquid sprayers are arranged in at least one liquid spray ring.3. An apparatus as in wherein the channel comprises a vent through the poppet claim 1 , and the valve further comprises a curtain portion.4. An apparatus as in wherein the valve further comprises a shroud.5. An apparatus as in further comprising a passive high pressure valve in communication with the chamber.6. An apparatus as in further comprising a cam assembly configured to operate the dedicated high pressure valve via a physical connection to the crank.7. An apparatus as in wherein the physical connection comprises a planetary gear.8. An apparatus as in wherein the cam assembly comprises a first cam pair and a second cam pair.9. An apparatus as in further comprising a dedicated low pressure valve comprising a second poppet moveable relative to a ...

Molecular Transformation Energy Conversion System

A Molecular Transformation Energy Conversion System (MTECS), converts thermal energy to work energy. Unlike Rankine cycle engines that typically use a liquid to gas state change to extract work from the system, the MTECS uses a liquid to solid and/or austenite to martensite state change to extract work. Operation of the system involves extracting work from a thermally reactive material that changes in crystalline structure over a relatively small temperature range (as compared to Rankine cycle systems). Input thermal energy is transferred into either or both the thermal transfer component (typically a gas/liquid refrigerant) and/or the molecular transformation component (typically either water/ice or a shape memory material) to power the system. Sources of input thermal energy and methods of their transference into the system may be numerous. 1. A Molecular Transformation Energy Conversion System comprising:a thermal transfer component that contains a compressible substance that conductively transfers thermal energy by being compressed at varying pressures and/or compressed and decompressed and/or compressed and expanded; anda thermally reactive molecular transformation substance that is in thermal conductivity with the compressible thermal transfer substance and that changes in state due to temperature changes within the compressible thermal transfer substance.2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising means for transferring thermal energy into the system.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein an exchange of thermal energy between the compressible thermal transfer substance and the thermally reactive molecular transformation substance operates independent of the thermal energy input.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein an exchange of thermal energy between the compressible thermal transfer substance and the thermally reactive molecular transformation substance is dependent on the thermal energy input.5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising means for converting ...

MONO-ENERGY AND/OR DUAL-ENERGY ENGINE WITH COMPRESSED AIR AND/OR ADDITIONAL ENERGY, COMPRISING AN ACTIVE CHAMBER INCLUDED IN THE CYLINDER

An engine with an active chamber, having at least one piston () mounted in a cylinder () in a sliding manner and driving a crankshaft () via a slider-crank device () and operating according to a four-phase thermodynamic cycle includes: an isothermal expansion without work; a transfer-slight so-called quasi-isothermal expansion with work; a polytropic expansion with work; and an exhaust at ambient pressure, preferentially supplied by compressed air contained in a high-pressure storage tank (), through a buffer capacity, called a working capacity (), which is expanded at an average pressure, called a working pressure, in a working capacity (), preferentially through a dynamic pressure-reducing device (), wherein the active chamber is included in the engine cylinder, the cylinder volume being swept by the piston and divided into two separate parts, a first part forming the active chamber and a second part forming the expansion chamber. 2. The engine with active chamber as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the maximum volume of the included active chamber (CA) and the volume of the expansion chamber (CD) are sized so that claim 1 , at the nominal operating pressure of the engine claim 1 , the pressure at the end of expansion at the bottom dead center is close to atmospheric pressure.3. The engine with active chamber as claimed in claim 1 , characterized:{'b': 1', '1', '1, 'in that it comprises several consecutive cylinders (; A; B) of increasing cylinder capacity, each operating on the same principle that has just been described;'}{'b': 11', '8', '8, 'in that the first cylinder of smallest cylinder capacity is supplied with compressed air, or with the pressurized gas, by the working volume () and in that the next cylinder or cylinders are each supplied with the exhaust (A, B) from the preceding cylinder;'}in that one or more heat exchanger(s) for exchanging heat with the atmosphere is/are positioned between each cylinder allowing the air temperature of the ...

Systems and methods for energy storage and recovery using gas expansion and compression

In various embodiments, energy-storage systems are based upon an open-air arrangement in which pressurized gas is expanded in small batches from a high pressure of, e.g., several hundred atmospheres to atmospheric pressure. The systems may be sized and operated at a rate that allows for near isothermal expansion and compression of the gas.

Heat engine

A non-compression engine having two or three variable volume mechanisms, an induction-displacer ( 1 ) and a combustion-expander ( 2 ) or an induction-displacer ( 1 ) and a combustion-expander ( 2 ) and an atmospheric-cooler ( 3 ). A working volume of gas is drawn into the induction-displacer, then displaced into the combustion-expander ( 2 ) at substantially constant volume passing through the regenerator ( 5 ). The gas in the combustor-expander ( 2 ) is further heated by combustion of a fuel then expanded to extract work. The gas is then displaced through the regenerator ( 5 ) into the atmospheric-cooler ( 3 ) at substantially constant volume, or exhaust from the regenerator at constant pressure. The gas is contracted in the atmospheric-cooler doing atmospheric work. Once the gas has equilibrated with the pressure of the atmosphere it is exhaust from the atmospheric-cooler ( 3 ).

Captive Oxygen Fuel Reactor

A system of captive oxygen fuel reactor to efficiently generate electricity from hydrocarbon fuel utilizes a flow of oxygen and a flow of hydrogen from an electrolysis unit and a flow of carbon monoxide in order to complete a fuel oxidizer reaction within a heat exchanger unit. The fuel oxidizer reaction emits a flow of steam and a flow of carbon dioxide from the heat exchanger unit re-direct them through a steam rotary piston motor unit, a carbon dioxide rotary piston motor unit, a steam carousel motor unit, a carbon dioxide carousel motor unit, and a duel drum motor unit to generate electrical current. The exhaust gases within the system are properly discharged and stored within respective storage containers for the use of the system or other possible requirements. 1. A captive oxygen fuel reactor comprises:an electrolysis unit;an oxygen unit;a fuel unit;a heat exchanger unit;a steam rotary piston motor unit;a carbon dioxide rotary piston motor unit;a steam carousel motor unita carbon dioxide carousel motor unita duel drum motor unita compressor unit;the electrolysis unit being in series fluid communication with the oxygen unit and the fuel unit;the fuel unit and the oxygen unit being collectively in fluid communication with the heat exchanger unit;the heat exchanger unit being in fluid communication with the steam rotary piston motor unit and the carbon dioxide rotary piston motor unit;the steam rotary piston motor unit being in series in fluid communication with the with the steam carousel motor unit and the duel drum motor unit;the carbon dioxide rotary piston motor unit being in series in fluid communication with the with the carbon dioxide carousel motor unit and the duel drum motor unit; andthe steam carousel motor unit, the carbon dioxide carousel motor unit, and the duel drum motor unit being in fluid communication with the compressor unit.2. The captive oxygen fuel reactor as claimed in comprises:the electrolysis unit comprises a hydrogen collection ...

Internal combustion engine configured for use with solid or slow burning fuels, and methods of operating or implementing same

Internal combustion engines, including engines producing power from solid or slow burning fuel(s), such as biological-based or petroleum-based fuels, wood, corn, biomass, coal, and waste products, and/or possibly other liquid or gaseous fluids, as well as methods for operating or implementing such engines, are disclosed herein. In an example embodiment, the engine includes a crankshaft, a piston, a cylinder having an internal cavity and several ports, and an assembly having a chamber having a first region within which solid fuel can be situated and combusted. The assembly further includes a diverter valve so that, depending upon a setting of the valve and during engine operation, first and second amounts of compressed air respectively proceed to the first region and to bypass the first region, and a combination of combustion products and the second amount proceeds via one of the ports to the part of the internal cavity.

SPLIT CYCLE ENGINE

A split-cycle engine includes a compression cylinder having a first volume for a first working fluid and a second volume for a second working fluid, the first volume and second volume being separated by the compression piston, an expansion cylinder having a first volume for the first working fluid and a second volume for the second working fluid, the first volume and second volume being separated by the expansion piston, and a fluid coupling between the second volume of the compression cylinder and the second volume of the expansion cylinder, wherein the two second volumes and the fluid coupling provide a closed volume for the second working fluid, wherein the fluid coupling includes a regenerator arranged such that the two second volumes are thermally decoupled. 1. A split-cycle engine , comprising: an inlet port for a first working fluid;', 'a coolant admission port;', 'an outlet port for the first working fluid and coolant; and', 'a compression piston, having an obverse face and a reverse face, the compression piston being arranged within the compression cylinder such that the compression piston separates a first volume of the compression cylinder, the first volume for containing the first working fluid, from a second volume of the compression cylinder, the second volume for containing a second working fluid, the first volume being defined by the obverse face and an inner wall of the compression cylinder and including the ports, and the second volume being defined by the reverse face and the inner wall of the compression cylinder;, 'a compression cylinder, comprising an inlet port for the first working fluid, the inlet port being arranged in fluidic communication with the compressor outlet port;', 'a fuel admission port;', 'an exhaust port for the exit of an exhaust product of combustion; and', 'an expansion piston, having an obverse face and a reverse face, the expansion piston being arranged within the expansion cylinder such that the expansion piston separates ...

SCISSOR TYPE COMPRESSION AND EXPANSION MACHINE USED IN A THERMAL ENERGY RECUPERATION SYSTEM

The invention relates to a compression and expansion machine comprising a body () with at least one chamber () of revolution about an axis of symmetry, and pistons () rotating about the axis of symmetry and dividing the chamber into cells () rotating with the pistons, said machine furthermore comprising a device () for coordinating the movement of said pistons and configured so that, during one rotation cycle, each cell () performs at least one first expansion/contraction cycle corresponding to a stage of compressing a first stream of gas passing through this cell and at least one second expansion/contraction cycle corresponding to a stage of expanding a second stream of gas passing through this cell. 1. A compression and expansion machine comprising:a body with at least one chamber of revolution about an axis of symmetry;pistons rotating about the axis of symmetry and dividing the chamber into cells rotating with the pistons; anda coordination device for coordinating the movement of said pistons, the coordination device being configured so that, during one rotation cycle, each cell performs at least one first expansion/contraction cycle corresponding to a stage of compressing a first stream of gas passing through this cell, and at least one second expansion/contraction cycle corresponding to a stage of expanding a second stream of gas passing through this cell.2. The compression and expansion machine as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the coordination device is configured such that each cell performs the same number of first expansion/contraction cycles corresponding to a stage of gas expansion as second expansion/contraction cycles corresponding to a stage of gas compression.3. The compression and expansion machine as claimed in claim 1 , comprising claim 1 , in the body claim 1 , gas inlet and outlet openings for each cycle of expansion/contraction of the cells claim 1 , wherein the passage cross-section of the gas inlet opening is larger than the passage cross- ...

HEAT ENGINE, IN PARTICULAR ORC ENGINE

A heat engine, in particular an ORC engine, includes a crankcase and at least one working cylinder connected to the crankcase, in which cylinder a working piston that is rigidly connected to a piston rod can be moved and the end of the piston rod facing away from the working piston is articulatedly connected to a connecting rod by a crosshead running in the longitudinal direction of the piston rod. The interior of the working cylinder, which is supplied with a working medium, is separated from the interior of the crankcase, which is supplied with oil, by two walls, each of which has a sealing through-opening for the piston rod. 1. A heat engine having a crankcase and at least one working cylinder connected to the crankcase , in which cylinder a working piston rigidly connected to a piston rod is configured to moved and the end of the piston rod remote from the working piston is articulated to a connecting rod by means of a crosshead guided in the longitudinal direction of the piston rod , whereinthe inner chamber of the working cylinder is loaded with a working medium and separated from the inner chamber of the crankcase which is loaded with oil, by two walls, each wall having a sealed through-opening for the piston rod.2. The heat engine according to claim 1 , whereinwhen the working piston is at top dead centre, the section of the piston rod wetted with oil at the bottom dead centre of the working piston reaches at most the through-opening facing the inner chamber loaded with the working medium.3. The heat engine according to claim 1 , whereina chamber with an opening is formed between the walls separating the inner chambers.4. The heat engine according to claim 3 , whereinthe piston rod has an annular barrier arranged in the chamber, for oil creeping along the piston rod.5. The heat engine according to claim 4 , whereinthe annular barrier has oil breakaway edges and may sealed off against the piston rod by an annular seal.6. The heat engine according to claim 1 , ...

HEAT/ACOUSTIC WAVE CONVERSION UNIT

A heat/acoustic wave conversion unit includes a heat/acoustic wave conversion component and two heat exchangers. Hydraulic diameter HD of the cells in the heat/acoustic wave conversion component is 0.4 mm or less, and a ratio HD/L of HD to the length L of the heat/acoustic wave conversion component is from 0.005 to 0.02. One of the heat exchangers includes a heat-exchanging honeycomb structure and an annular tube that surrounds a circumferential face of the heat-exchanging honeycomb structure. The annular tube includes a structure body that is disposed in the channel to increase a contact area with the heated fluid, an inflow port into which the heated fluid flows, and an outflow port through which the heated fluid flows out. At least one of the heat-exchanging honeycomb structure and the structure body is made of a ceramic material that contains SiC as a main component. 1. A heat/acoustic wave conversion unit , comprising:a heat/acoustic wave conversion component having a first end face and a second end face, the heat/acoustic wave conversion component including a partition wall that defines a plurality of cells extending from the first end face to the second end face, inside of the cells being filled with working fluid that oscillates to transmit acoustic waves, the heat/acoustic wave conversion component mutually converting heat exchanged between the partition wall and the working fluid and energy of acoustic waves resulting from oscillations of the working fluid;a low-temperature side heat exchanger that is disposed adjacent to a first end part of the heat/acoustic wave conversion component on the first end face side, the low-temperature side heat exchanger exchanging heat with the first end part; anda high-temperature side heat exchanger that is disposed adjacent to a second end part of the heat/acoustic wave conversion component on the second end face side, the high-temperature side heat exchanger receiving inflow of heated fluid and absorbing heat from the ...

Thermal Torque Engine

A thermal torque engine comprising a hot box heated by a thermal agent and a wheel having a plurality of peripherally mounted canisters with diametrically opposed canisters connected by a conduit. One of the pair of canisters having a quantity of refrigerant that is pressurized when within the hot box. The pressurized refrigerant moves to the cooler canister with the process continuing for subsequent paired canisters as long as there is a predetermined thermal difference between the interior and exterior of the hot box. 1. A thermal torque engine comprising a hot box heated by a thermal agent and a wheel having a plurality of peripherally mounted canisters with diametrically opposed canisters connected by a conduit with one of the pair of canisters having a quantity of refrigerant that is pressurized when within the hot box , with the pressurized refrigerant moving to the cooler canister causing a shift in weight , causing wheel rotation , with the process continuing for subsequent paired canisters as long as there is a predetermined thermal difference between the interior and exterior of the hot box.2. The thermal torque engine as recited in claim 1 , wherein the diametrically opposed canisters connected by the conduit is comprised of a pair of fluidly connected canisters on each end of the common conduit.3. The thermal torque engine is recited in claim 1 , further comprising an alternator/generator driven through a mechanical linkage between the wheel and the alternator/generator to generate electricity.4. The thermal torque engine as recited in that uses thermal energy to heat the thermal agent that is channeled through the hot box to create a heated environment for pressurizing the refrigerant.5. The thermal torque engine as recited in claim 4 , wherein the thermal energy is selected from naturally occurring thermal energy.6. The thermal torque engine as recited in claim 4 , wherein the channeled thermal agent is selected from water claim 4 , glycol and oil.7. ...

SYSTEM FOR CONVERTING WASTE ENERGY INTO ELECTRICITY

A system and method for capturing waste heat and converting the captured waste heat into mechanical or electrical energy. 1. A system for converting waste heat into mechanical energy , comprising:a waste heat source;a concentrating cone having a first end have a first opening having a first size and a second end having a second opening having a second size less than the first size;a turbine mounted in fluid communication with the second opening of the concentrating cone; andan impeller driven by a motor, the impeller configured to expose a heat exchange fluid to the waste heat source such that the heat exchange fluid is heated by the waste heat source and to drive the heat exchange fluid into the first opening of the concentrating cone where the heat exchange fluid is concentrated by the concentrating cone and then driven through the second opening of the concentrating cone to drive the turbine.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the heat exchange fluid is a gas.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the gas is air.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the turbine is in mechanical communication with a generator.5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a solar reflector that is disposed about a portion of the concentrating cone to reflect solar radiation onto the concentrating cone.6. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an insulating shell disposed around the concentrating cone claim 1 , the insulating shell decreasing the amount of thermal energy lost from an interior of the concentrating cone to an exterior of the concentrating cone.7. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a heat absorbent material disposed on an exterior of the concentrating cone.8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the heat absorbent material is black paint.9. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a housing surrounding the fan and motor claim 1 , the housing having a first opening and a second opening;wherein the first opening is in fluid communication with the waste heat source and ...

BRAYTON CYCLE ENGINE

To provide refrigeration below 200 K, a Brayton cycle engine contains a light reciprocating piston. The refrigerator includes a compressor, a gas-balanced reciprocating engine having a cold rotary valve, a counterflow heat exchanger, a gas storage volume with valves that can adjust system pressures, a variable speed engine and a control system that controls gas pressure, engine speed, and the speed of the piston. The engine is connected to a load such as a cryopanel, for pumping water vapor, through insulated transfer lines. 1. A Brayton cycle engine for producing refrigeration at temperatures below 200 K , the engine comprising:a reciprocating cup shaped piston having a bottom and a cylindrical side wall, said bottom separating a space near room temperature and an expansion space below 200 K and said side wall sliding within a cylinder having a temperature gradient between room temperature and below 200 K.2. A Brayton cycle engine in accordance with claim 1 , wherein a length of said piston is less than a diameter of the piston.3. A Brayton cycle engine in accordance with claim 1 , wherein a thickness of said piston bottom is less than 25% of a diameter of the piston.4. A Brayton cycle engine in accordance with claim 1 , wherein said piston comprises a drive stem at the warm end claim 1 , a pneumatic and a mechanical force acting on the drive stem to cause said piston to reciprocate.5. A Brayton cycle engine in accordance with claim 1 , wherein gas is admitted to the cold end of said piston at high pressure and exhausted to low pressure through a rotary valve.6. A Brayton cycle engine in accordance with claim 1 , wherein said piston reciprocates at a variable speed.7. A Brayton cycle engine in accordance with claim 1 , wherein an interior of said cylindrical side wall is at least partially evacuated.8. A Brayton cycle engine in accordance with claim 1 , wherein a bottom of said piston comprises at least 80% nonmetallic material.9. A gas-balanced Brayton cycle ...

TWO-STAGE HYDRAULIC ENGINE

A two-stage thermal hydraulic engine utilizes the expansion and contraction of a working fluid to convert heat energy to mechanical or electrical energy. The transfer of heat to and from the working fluid occurs in at least two process heat exchangers and may be aided by thin twisted strips of a thermally conductive material that are in contact with the working fluid. The engine does not require the working fluid to undergo a phase change to operate. The subsequent expansion of the working fluid is used to drive pistons contained within at least two triplex hydraulic cylinders. The pistons may be alternately and sequentially driven to pump a fluid with a laminar flow and at a constant pressure. The cylinders may include a self-lubrication system. 1. A two-stage thermal hydraulic engine comprising:a working fluid that expands and contracts in response to changes in temperature;at least two process heat exchangers;at least two triplex hydraulic cylinders;a first heat exchanger for capturing heat from at least one external heat source and for transferring the captured heat to a first portion of the working fluid contained within at least one of the process heat exchangers, whereby the working fluid expands without undergoing a phase change, and directing a sufficient quantity of the first portion of the working fluid from the at least one process heat exchanger to the cylinders to drive pistons within the cylinder in a sequential, alternating manner, thereby pumping a second fluid with a laminar flow and desired pressure;a second heat exchanger for concurrently transferring heat away from a second portion of the working fluid contained within at least one of the process heat exchangers that is not concurrently being used to heat the first portion of the working fluid, whereby the second portion of the working fluid contracts without undergoing a phase change; andvalves for successively alternating among the process heat exchangers in a predetermined order the transfer ...

THERMAL EXPANSION DRIVE DEVICES AND RELATED METHODS

Thermal expansion drive devices and related methods are provided herein. A thermal expansion drive device can include a driven shaft that is configured to rotate and multiple dual heat exchanger units centered around the driven shaft. The multiple dual heat exchanger units are configured to drive rotation of the driven shaft through the creation of a gravitational imbalance in the thermal expansion drive device as portions of the multiple dual heat exchanger units are heated and cooled. 1. A thermal expansion drive device comprising:a driven shaft configured to rotate; andmultiple dual heat exchanger units centered around the driven shaft and configured to drive rotation of the driven shaft through the creation of a gravitational imbalance in the thermal expansion drive device as portions of the multiple dual heat exchanger units are heated and cooled.2. The thermal expansion drive device according to claim 1 , wherein each of the dual heat exchanger units comprises:a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger configured to be heated and cooled by fluids, the first heat exchanger and the second exchanger positioned on opposite ends of the dual heat exchanger unit along a linear axis with both the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger being distal from the driven shaft and the first heat exchanger comprising at least one exchanger fluid chamber configured for housing working fluid and the second heat exchanger comprising at least one exchanger fluid chamber configured for housing working fluid; anda first hydraulic cylinder having a hydraulic ram and a piston, the first hydraulic cylinder connected to the first heat exchanger to provide working fluid to and from the first hydraulic cylinder, the first hydraulic cylinder positioned along the linear axis between the first heat exchanger and the shaft;a second hydraulic cylinder having a hydraulic ram and a piston, the second hydraulic cylinder connected to the second heat exchanger to provide working ...

Inlet Valve Arrangement and Method for External-Heat Engine

An inlet-valve arrangement is for an external-heat engine, which includes at least one working chamber, each one having a cooperating piston. The working chamber is supplied with a working fluid via at least one controlled poppet valve. The poppet valve is arranged to open in the opposite direction to the flow direction of the working fluid. The center axis of the poppet valve is arranged perpendicularly within a deviation of ±45 degrees relative to the center axis of the piston. 1153343364064020640344. An inlet-valve arrangement () for an external-heat engine () , which includes at least one working chamber () , each one having a cooperating piston () and the working chamber () being supplied with a working fluid via at least one controlled poppet valve ( , ) , the poppet valve ( , ) being arranged to open in the opposite direction to the flow direction of the working fluid , characterized in that the centre axis () of the poppet valve ( , ) is arranged perpendicularly within a deviation of ±45 degrees relative to the centre axis () of the piston ().21206403434. The inlet-valve arrangement () according to claim 1 , characterized in that the centre axis () of the poppet valve ( claim 1 , ) is arranged perpendicularly within a deviation of ±20 degrees relative to the centre axis () of the piston ().31206403434. The inlet-valve arrangement () according to claim 1 , characterized in that the centre axis () of the poppet valve ( claim 1 , ) is arranged perpendicularly within a deviation of ±10 degrees relative to the centre axis () of the piston ().4133640. The inlet-valve arrangement () according to claim 1 , characterized in that each working chamber () is supplied with pressurized fluid via at least two poppet valves ( claim 1 , ).51640. The inlet-valve arrangement () according to claim 4 , characterized in that at least two of the poppet valves ( claim 4 , ) are of different sizes.61406. The inlet-valve arrangement () according to claim 5 , characterized in that a ...

SYSTEMS, METHODS, AND APPARATUSES RELATED TO THE USE OF GAS CLATHRATES

This disclosure relates generally to the use of gas clathrates. More particularly, this disclosure relates to systems, methods, and apparatuses related to the use of gas clathrates as a fuel source for automobiles. The gas clathrates may first be dissociated into at least one gas and the at least one gas delivered to the prime mover of a vehicle or the gas clathrates may be directly utilized by the prime mover as a fuel source. 1. A vehicle comprising an engine configured to directly utilize gas clathrates as a fuel source and a vehicle fuel storage system comprising a first vessel configured to receive , store , and discharge said gas clathrates.2. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein said engine is configured to receive said gas clathrates as a solid.36-. (canceled)7. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein said engine is configured to receive said gas clathrates as a slurry.8. The vehicle of claim 1 , wherein said engine comprises an internal combustion engine.9. The vehicle of claim 8 , wherein said engine is configured to recover energy due to recondensation of vaporized clathrate host material.10. The vehicle of claim 9 , wherein the energy is recovered within an exhaust system of said engine.11. The vehicle of claim 9 , wherein the energy is recovered within a cylinder of said engine.12. (canceled)13. The vehicle of claim 8 , wherein said internal combustion engine is a two-stroke engine comprising an intake port configured to receive said gas clathrates;a crankcase in fluidic communication with said intake port, said crankcase operably sized and configured to receive said gas clathrates in sequence with rotation of a crankshaft rotatably engaged within said crankcase, and wherein said crankcase is configured to dissociate said gas clathrates into at least one gas and into a host material;a combustion chamber in fluidic communication with said crankcase and configured to combust said at least one gas;a piston slidably engaged within said combustion chamber and operably ...

CRYOGENIC ENGINE WITH ROTARY VALVE

A cryogenic refrigeration engine for producing refrigeration at temperatures below 200 K includes a reciprocating piston having a warm end and a cold end. A gas is admitted to the cold end of the piston at a first pressure and exhausted at a second pressure through a rotary valve. The second pressure is lower than the first pressure. The piston may be cup shaped and have a bottom and a cylindrical side wall. The bottom separates a space near room temperature and an expansion space below 200 K, and the side wall slides within a cylinder having a temperature gradient between room temperature and below 200K. 1. A cryogenic refrigeration engine for producing refrigeration at temperatures below 200 K , the engine comprising:a reciprocating piston, the piston having a warm end and a cold end,wherein gas is admitted to the cold end of the piston at a first pressure and exhausted at a second pressure through a rotary valve;wherein the second pressure is lower than the first pressure.2. The engine in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the piston comprises a drive stem at the warm end claim 1 , a pneumatic and a mechanical force acting on the drive stem to cause the piston to reciprocate.3. The engine in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the piston reciprocates at a variable speed.4. A cryogenic refrigeration engine for producing refrigeration at temperatures below 200 K claim 1 , the engine comprising:a reciprocating piston having a warm end and a cold end, anda drive stem attached to the warm side of the bottom of the piston;wherein a rotary valve is located at the cold end of the cylinder to admit high pressure gas when the piston is near the cold end of the cylinder and exhausts gas to low pressure when the piston is near the warm end of the cylinder.5. The engine in accordance with claim 4 , wherein the piston reciprocates at a variable speed.6. The engine in accordance with claim 4 , wherein a double bumper is actuated by the drive stem. This application is a ...

GEROTOR APPARATUS FOR A QUASI-ISOTHERMAL BRAYTON CYCLE ENGINE

According to one embodiment of the invention, a gerotor apparatus includes an outer gerotor having an outer gerotor chamber, an inner gerotor, at least a portion of which is disposed within the outer gerotor chamber, and a synchronizing apparatus operable to control the rotation of the inner gerotor relative to the outer gerotor. The inner gerotor includes one or more entrance passages operable to communicate a lubricant into the outer gerotor chamber. 1266-. (canceled)267. An engine system , comprising: an inner expander gerotor; and', 'an outer expander gerotor; and, 'an expander comprising;'} an inner compressor gerotor; and', 'an outer compressor gerotor;, 'a compressor comprisingwherein the inner expander gerotor and the inner compressor gerotor are coupled such that the rotation of the inner expander gerotor is proportional to the rotation of the inner compressor gerotor in at least a first state of the engine system.268. The system of claim 267 , wherein the inner expander gerotor and the inner compressor gerotor are coupled such that the inner expander gerotor and the inner compressor gerotor rotate together in at least the first state of the engine system.269. The system of claim 267 , wherein the outer expander gerotor and the outer compressor gerotor are coupled such that the rotation of the outer expander gerotor is proportional to the rotation of the outer compressor gerotor in at least a first state of the engine system.270. The system of claim 267 , wherein the outer expander gerotor and the outer compressor gerotor are coupled such that the outer expander gerotor and the outer compressor gerotor rotate together in at least the first state of the engine system.271. The system of claim 267 , further comprising a seal plate operable to keep gas flowing through the expander substantially separate from gas flowing through the compressor.272. The system of claim 267 , further comprising a first shaft coupled to the inner expander gerotor and the inner ...

Power Generation Using Enthalpy Difference Gradient for Subatmospheric Regenerative Piston Engine

A method for power generation via a liquid-gas phase transition. The method includes receiving atmospheric air as input to create an enthalpy difference gradient. A regenerative piston engine received atmospheric air. The regenerative piston engine collects heat generated from the enthalpy difference gradient. The regenerative piston engine converts the collected heat to a mechanical form of energy at the regenerative piston engine. 1. A method for power generation via a liquid-gas phase transition comprising:receiving atmospheric air as input to create an enthalpy difference gradient;supplying, as a result of receiving, the received atmospheric air to a regenerative piston engine;collecting heat generated from the enthalpy difference gradient; andconvert the collected heat to a mechanical form of energy at the regenerative piston engine.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein receiving comprising receiving the atmospheric air as input to create the enthalpy difference gradient at a heat and mass exchanger.3. A method for power generation via a liquid-gas phase transition comprising:receiving atmospheric air as input to create an enthalpy difference gradient;supplying, as a result of receiving, the received atmospheric air to a subatmospheric regenerative piston engine;collecting heat generated from the enthalpy difference gradient; andconvert the collected heat to a mechanical form of energy at the subatmospheric regenerative piston engine.4. A method for power generation via a liquid-gas phase transition comprising:receiving atmospheric air as input to create an enthalpy difference gradient via a heat pipe, said heat pipe evaporating and condensing a working fluid;supplying, as a result of receiving, the received atmospheric air to a subatmospheric regenerative piston engine;collecting heat generated from the enthalpy difference gradient; andconvert the collected heat to a mechanical form of energy at the subatmospheric regenerative piston engine. This application ...

Heat engine of transfer-expansion and regeneration type

The heat engine with transfer-expansion and regeneration ( 1 ) includes a compressor ( 2 ) which compresses gases in a high-pressure regeneration line ( 6 ) of a regeneration heat exchanger ( 5 ) from which they emerge preheated via a high-pressure regenerator outlet line ( 9 ) which has a heat source ( 12 ) that superheats the gases, the latter being then transferred by an admission metering valve ( 24 ) operated by a metering valve actuator ( 25 ) into a transfer-expansion chamber ( 16 ) formed in particular by an expansion cylinder ( 13 ) and an expansion piston ( 15 ), the gases leaving the chamber ( 16 ) after having been expanded via an expanded gas exhaust line ( 26 ) and thanks to an exhaust valve ( 31 ) operated by an exhaust valve actuator ( 32 ) before being cooled down in a low-pressure regeneration line ( 7 ) of the regeneration heat exchanger ( 5 ).

AN ALTERNATE PROCEDURE FOR OPERATING AN IC ENGINE

The present disclosure envisages an engine operating on Jaypal cycle. The engine comprises a compressed air source. A combustion chamber is in fluid communication with the compressed air source and a fuel source, wherein the combustion chamber is configured to allow combustion of a fuel charge to produce combusted fuel charge. A first storage tank is in fluid communication with the combustion chamber, wherein the first storage tank is configured to store the combusted fuel charge, which is high pressure high temperature gas to perform work as per application requirements. 1. An engine operating on Jaypal cycle , said engine comprising:a compressed air source; a housing defined by a body of said combustion chamber, said housing having a liner;', 'at least one inlet valve disposed adjacent each operative end of said combustion chamber;', 'at least one fuel injector disposed adjacent each operative end of said combustion chamber;', 'at least one outlet valve disposed adjacent each operative end of said combustion chamber; and', 'a piston having piston rings disposed within said combustion chamber, said piston being displaceable within said combustion chamber to facilitate an exhaust of said combusted fuel charge from each of said at least one outlet valve; and, 'at least one combustion chamber in fluid communication with said compressed air source and a fuel source, said combustion chamber defining two operative ends and configured to allow combustion of a fuel charge to produce high pressure high temperature gaseous combusted fuel charge, said combustion chamber comprisesa means for directing compressed air from said compressed air source to said combustion chamber; said at least one inlet valve configured to regulate flow of compressed air from said compressed air source into said combustion chamber;a first storage tank in fluid communication with said combustion chamber, said first storage tank configured to store said combusted fuel charge, which is high pressure ...

External heat source engine with slide valves

The present invention concerns an external heat source engine comprising: at least one cylinder (2), a piston (3) that is movable back and forth in the cylinder, a cylinder head (4) defining a working chamber (5) with the piston and the cylinder, a heat exchanger (6) for exchanging heat between a working gas and a heat-transfer fluid, a distribution comprising two rotary slide valves (20, 30) mounted so as to be able to rotate in the cylinder head and bringing the working chamber selectively into communication with the following resources: a working gas inlet (A), a cold end (B) of the exchanger, a hot end (C) of the exchanger, an exhaust (D). The slide valves (20, 30) comprise internal passages that open through the side wall of same through at least one opening that communicates selectively with the working chamber (5) via at least one opening formed in the cylinder head (4).

HOT-AIR ENGINE

A hot-air engine () includes a compressor (), a heating chamber (), a rotary displacement type working engine () and a drive means (). The compressor () has an inlet () and an outlet (). The heating chamber () has an inlet (), in fluid communication with the outlet () of the compressor (), and an outlet (). The working engine () has an inlet (), in fluid communication with the outlet () of the heating chamber (), and an output shaft (a). The drive means () connects the working engine () to the compressor () such that operation of the working engine () causes operation of the compressor (). 1. A hot-air engine including:a compressor with an inlet and an outlet;a heating chamber with an inlet, in fluid communication with the outlet of the compressor, and an outlet; anda rotary displacement type working engine with an inlet in fluid communication with the outlet of the heating chamber, and an output shaft,wherein the working engine is connected to the compressor such that operation of the working engine causes operation of the compressor, and wherein the working engine has a capacity of about 20%-50% more than the capacity of the compressor.2. The hot-air engine of claim 1 , wherein the rotary displacement type working engine is a Roots type blower working engine.3. The hot-air engine of claim 1 , wherein the rotary type displacement working engine is a screw type working engine.4. The hot-air engine of claim 1 , wherein the rotary type displacement working engine is a modified Roots type blower or scroll type compressor.5. The hot-air engine of claim 1 , wherein the compressor is a rotary type compressor.6. The hot-air engine of claim 5 , wherein the rotary type compressor is a two rotor compressor.7. The hot-air engine of claim 6 , wherein the two rotor compressor is one of a Roots type blower claim 6 , a modified Roots type blower claim 6 , and a screw type.8. The hot-air engine of claim 5 , wherein the rotary type compressor is a single rotor compressor.9. The hot- ...

HOT GAS ENGINE

The engine includes a first and a second cylinder chamber. The first chamber receives gas through a first inlet valve which gas will be compressed by a piston in the cylinder and will leave the first chamber through a first outlet valve. The second chamber receives compressed gas from the first chamber through a second inlet valve. The gas expands in the second chamber while performing a work on the piston before leaving the second chamber through a second outlet valve. The engine is controlled such that gas will flow from the first to the second chamber while the engine performs a working cycle and the engine is thus controlled such that a piston is used for compressing gas which performs a work on the same piston, which is connected by a rod to a cranking mechanism to transfer work from the rod by an essentially only rectilinear movement. 120-. (canceled)211. A hot gas engine () comprising:{'b': 2', '3', '4', '5', '3', '4', '2', '15', '17', '16', '18', '2, 'a cylinder() extending in a longitudinal direction having a first end (), a second end () and a longitudinal extending wall () between said first and second ends (, ) thereby defining a cylinder space, said cylinder () further provided with inlet (, ) and outlet (, ) openings for a working fluid to enter into and to be exhausted from said cylinder ()'}{'b': 6', '2', '6', '2', '7', '3', '2', '5', '9', '2', '6', '8', '4', '2', '5', '10, 'a piston () located within said cylinder (), said piston () adapted to be able to move back and forth within said cylinder () in the longitudinal direction and having a first surface () facing said first end () of said cylinder () thereby defining together with the longitudinal extending cylinder wall () a first cylinder chamber () within the cylinder (), said piston () further having a second surface () facing the second end () of said cylinder () thereby defining together with the cylinder wall () a second cylinder chamber () within the cylinder'}{'b': 11', '12', '13', '12', '6 ...

Cylinder piston unit, especially for steam engines

デイ−ゼルエンジンのランキンボトミング装置

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Axial piston engine and mode of operation of axial piston engine

FIELD: engines and pumps. SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in axial and piston engines. The axial and piston engine (1101) contains at least one working cylinder which is fed from continuously operating combustion chamber (1110). The combustion chamber (1110) has two air inlets intended for maintaining of the combustion process designed with a possibility of supply of air with various temperatures. The invention describes a version of axial and piston engine design. EFFECT: acceleration of obtaining of working mix uniformity. 15 cl, 8 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 548 839 C2 (51) МПК F02B 75/26 (2006.01) F02G 3/02 (2006.01) F02M 25/025 (2006.01) F23R 3/36 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2012101663/06, 26.07.2010 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 26.07.2010 (72) Автор(ы): ФОЙГТ Дитер (DE), РОС Ульрих (DE) 24.07.2009 DE 102009034717.8 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 27.08.2013 Бюл. № 24 R U (73) Патентообладатель(и): ГЕТАС ГЕЗЕЛЬШАФТ ФЮР ТЕРМОДИНАМИШЕ АНТРИБССИСТЕМЕ МБХ (DE) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (45) Опубликовано: 20.04.2015 Бюл. № 11 5507142 A, 16.04.1996 . US 3687117 A, 29.08.1972 . US 3651641 A, 28.03.1972 . US 3088276 A, 07.05.1963 . RU 2001293 C1, 15.10.1993. RU 2126895 C1, 27.02.1999 (86) Заявка PCT: DE 2010/000875 (26.07.2010) C 2 C 2 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 24.02.2012 (87) Публикация заявки PCT: 2 5 4 8 8 3 9 WO 2011/009452 (27.01.2011) R U 2 5 4 8 8 3 9 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: WO 2009062473 A2, 22.05.2009. US Адрес для переписки: 101000, Москва, Центр, а/я 732, "Агентство ТРИА РОБИТ", Г.М.Вашиной (54) АКСИАЛЬНО-ПОРШНЕВОЙ ДВИГАТЕЛЬ И СПОСОБ РАБОТЫ АКСИАЛЬНО-ПОРШНЕВОГО ДВИГАТЕЛЯ (57) Реферат: Изобретение может быть использовано в для обеспечения процесса сгорания, выполненные аксиально-поршневых двигателях. Аксиальнос возможностью подачи воздуха с разными ...

Power-generating apparatus using solar energy

태양광을 집속하기 위한 적어도 하나 이상의 태양광 집속부와 상기 태양광 집속부에 의해 집속되는 태양광을 통과시키는 투명부를 각각 포함하는 한쌍의 선형 발전기를 포함하며, 각각의 선형 발전기에 포함된 피스톤이 상호 반대 방향으로 거동하도록 함으로써, 높은 열효율의 열역학적 사이클을 수행하고, 종래의 스터링 엔진과는 달리 훨씬 간단한 구조로 제작이 용이하며, 피스톤의 왕복운동에 의한 기계적 진동 및 토크가 발전장치에 미치는 악영향을 줄일 수는 태양에너지를 이용한 발전장치를 제공한다. And a pair of linear generators each including at least one solar focusing unit for focusing sunlight and a transparent unit for passing solar light focused by the solar focusing unit, and a piston included in each linear generator By acting in the opposite direction, it performs a thermodynamic cycle of high thermal efficiency, and it is easy to manufacture with a much simpler structure, unlike the conventional stirling engine, and the adverse effect of mechanical vibration and torque caused by the reciprocating motion of the piston on the power generator To reduce the number of solar power generators. 선형 발전기, 태양광, 태양열, 태양에너지, 래크 앤드 피니언, 실린더, 피스톤 Linear Generator, Photovoltaic, Solar, Solar Energy, Rack & Pinion, Cylinder, Piston

Thermal-engine arrangement

The invention relates to a thermal-engine arrangement, in which at least one closed process taking place respectively in a cold and in a hot space is provided, these two spaces being respectively connected by means of a regenerator, and each closed process (power process) which takes place in these spaces being driven respectively by an open process (combustion process). In such a design of a thermal-engine arrangement, both the waste heat and the waste-gas heat of the closed and open processes can be utilized.

Combustion engine

A combustion engine that has at least a plurality of power strokes during a complete cycle of engine operation that is of compact packaging and Brayton cycle operable. In a preferred embodiment, a piston-cylinder arrangement used to compress air and deliver it to a combustion chamber where it is combusted along with fuel. The combustion gases are returned back to the piston-cylinder arrangement where they act on the piston to output power in a power stroke. A second power stroke can be implemented where additional combustion gases are available to extract additional power from. In a preferred embodiment, the same piston-cylinder arrangement receives the additional combustion gases from the combustion chamber in the second power stroke.

Heat engines

This invention provides heat engines based on the structure of internal combustion engines and employs a gaseous working fluid without combustion. The heat engine comprises at least a piston and cylinder assembly and each cylinder has at least an associated heating chamber with a heat exchanger unit being disposed therewithin. The chamber may have at least a chamber valve to establish or block the flow of the gaseous working fluid between the heating chamber and cylinder space. The engine is adapted to operate on cycles that enable heat transfer from a heat source to the working fluid while being enclosed within the heating chamber and provides substantially increased heat transfer duration before the power stroke. Therefore the engine may produce sufficiently high power output with reasonably high thermal efficiency.

Regenerated engine with reciprocating pistons with stationary regenerator

Regenerierter Verbrennungsmotor, der Folgendes aufweist: mindestens einen Zylinder (10), der an einem Ende durch einen bewegbaren heißen Kolben (14, 114) geschlossen ist, und der am anderen Ende durch einen bewegbaren kalten Kolben (12, 112) geschlossen ist, wobei die Kolben (12, 112, 14, 114) sich in einer Hin- und Herbewegung bewegen und mit einer Leistungsausgangswelle (16) verbunden sind; einen thermischen Regenerator (28, 128), der innerhalb des Zylinders (10) zwischen den Kolben (12, 112, 14, 114) gelegen ist, wobei der Regenerator (12, 112, 14, 114) den Zylinder (10) aufteilt in ein heißes Volumen (32, 132) und ein kaltes Volumen (30), 130), wobei das heiße Volumen (32, 132) zwischen dem Regenerator (28, 128) und dem heißen Kolben (14, 114) liegt, und wobei das kalte Volumen (30, 130) zwischen dem Regenerator (28, 128) und dem kalten Kolben (12, 112) liegt; mindestens einen Auslassanschluss (40, 140) an den Zylinder (10), um den... A regenerated internal combustion engine, comprising: at least one cylinder (10) closed at one end by a movable hot piston (14, 114) and closed at the other end by a movable cold piston (12, 112), the pistons (12, 112, 14, 114) move in a reciprocating motion and are connected to a power output shaft (16); a thermal regenerator (28, 128) located within the cylinder (10) between the pistons (12, 112, 14, 114), wherein the regenerator (12, 112, 14, 114) divides the cylinder (10) into a hot volume (32, 132) and a cold volume (30), 130), the hot volume (32, 132) being between the regenerator (28, 128) and the hot piston (14, 114), and wherein the cold volumes (30, 130) between the regenerator (28, 128) and the cold piston (12, 112); at least one outlet port (40, 140) to the cylinder (10) to remove the ...

ERICSSON STIRLING ENGINE

Method and apparatus for converting combustion heat energy into mechanical energy

Verfahren zum Umwandeln von Verbrennungswärmeenergie in mechanische Energie, enthaltend folgende Schritte: Leiten von Frischgas in einen Verdichter (16) zum Verdichten der Frischluft, Leiten der verdichteten Luft durch einen Primärwärmetauscher (22), Leiten des erwärmten und weiter verdichteten Gases in einen Arbeitszylinder (18), in dem das heiße und verdichtete Gas unter weitgehend adiabatischer Expansion mechanische Energie an einen im Arbeitszylinder arbeitenden Arbeitskolben (14) abgibt, Leiten des aus dem Arbeitszylinder austretenden Gases zu einem Brenner (38), in dem das Gas ggf. unter Zusatz von Brennstoff unter Freisetzen von Verbrennungswärmeenergie verbrannt wird, Leiten des Verbrennungsgases durch den Primärwärmetauscher (22) und Leiten des den Primärwärmetauscher verlassenden Abgases durch einen Sekundärwärmetauscher (44), in dem das dem Brenner (38) zugeführte Gas erwärmt wird, wobei der in dem Arbeitszylinder arbeitende Arbeitskolben den Verdichter antreibt und überschüssige Energie des Arbeitskolbens als mechanische Arbeit abnehmbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine vom Auslassventil... Method for converting combustion heat energy into mechanical energy, comprising the following steps: Directing fresh gas into a compressor (16) for compressing the fresh air, Passing the compressed air through a primary heat exchanger (22), Directing the heated and further compressed gas into a working cylinder (18), in which the hot and compressed gas releases mechanical energy to a working piston (14) operating in the working cylinder with substantially adiabatic expansion, Passing the gas leaving the working cylinder to a burner (38), in which the gas is burnt possibly with the addition of fuel with the release of combustion heat energy, Passing the combustion gas through the primary heat exchanger (22) and Passing the exhaust gas leaving the primary heat exchanger through a secondary heat exchanger (44) in which the gas supplied to the burner (38) is heated, ...

Cylinder piston unit, especially for steam engines

The invention relates to a cylinder piston unit, especially for steam engines with expansion by heat influx, which is constructed as follows: a piston guided in the cylinder element has a displacer, a heating device is mounted on the cylinder element for the stroke area of a non-compacting displacer, the working medium is supplied in a vapour or liquid state in the area of the upper dead point, the expanded working medium is discharged at least in the area of the lower dead point. A pore burner is assigned to the cylinder piston unit in an advantageous manner. To this end, the invention provides for heat transfer sections (B, C) of a pore burner (50) which surrounds the cylinder head (43) along part of its height to be arranged at the level of the warm section (41) of the cylinder in the stroke area of the displacer (3) and at the level of the cylinder head (43).

Method and device for operating an internal combustion engine

Linear reciprocating free piston external combustion open cycle heat engine

A heat engine comprising reciprocating compressor 110 and expander 101 elements arranged in a linear, free-piston configuration, a combustor 116 separate from the compressor and expander elements, and a linear energy conversion device (212) provides conversion of solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel into hydraulic, electric, or pneumatic energy by means of subjecting a working fluid to a thermodynamic cycle with substantially constant pressure combustion. The compression and expansion elements are mechanically connected by a rigid rod 103 to permit the compression and expansion elements to reciprocate in unison. The valves 106, 104, 114, 113 may be automatically controlled by an electronic control unit 125. A heat exchanger may also be used to improve efficiency. The engine is highly efficient and can be used for electric power generation and combined heat and power systems.

Axial-piston motor and method for operating an axial-piston motor

The aim of the invention is to improve the efficiency of an axial-piston motor. To this end, the axial-piston motor is provided with a system for regulating the combustion chamber, said system comprising a means for supplying water into the combustion chamber.

SET TO CONTROL THE PROCEDURE IN A COMBUSTION ENGINE AND COMBUSTION ENGINE FOR REALIZING THE SET

External combustion engine having an asymmetrical cam and method of operation

An external combustion engine having an asymmetrical cam. The engine incls a combustion chamber for generating a high-pressure, energized gas from a monopropellant fuel and an even number of cylinders for sequentially receiving the energized gas through a rotary valve, the gas performing work on a piston disposed within each cylinder. The pistons transfer energy to a drive shaft through a connection to the asymmetrically shaped cam. The cam is shaped having two identical halves, each half having a power and an exhaust stroke. The identical halves provide that opposing cylinders are in thermodynamic balance, thus reducing rocking vibrations and torque pulsations. Having opposing pistons within the same thermodynamic cycle allows piston stroke to be reduced while maintaining displacement comparable to an engine having individual cycle positions. The reduced stroke diminishes gas flow velocity thus reducing flow induced noise. The power and exhaust strokes within each identical half of the cam are asymmetrical in that the power stroke is of greater duration than the exhaust stroke. The shape and length of the power stroke is optimized for increased efficiency.

Heat engine

A heat engine is optimized for maximum efficiency for use as an automotive powerplant. The engine is composed of a separate variable induction compressor, a compressed air accumulator, a combustor, and a separate expander. The engine is designed to minimize heat losses following compression, minimize system parasitic losses, and utilize high combustion temperatures. The expander is constructed to minimize mechanical stresses and facilitate the use of structural ceramic materials.

Axial-piston motor with continuously working combustion chamber having two combustion air inputs

The aim of the invention is to improve the efficiency of an axial-piston motor. To this end, the axial-piston motor is provided with a system for regulating the combustion chamber, said system comprising a means for supplying water into the combustion chamber.

Combustion in combustion products pressure generator intermittent burner type and engines

This invention comprises improvements in combustion products pressure generators of the intermittent cycle, two stage type and reciprocating piston engines which use the combustion products the pressure generators produce for power to drive compressors which supply combustion air to the pressure generators. Improvements of the pressure generators include an improved type burner with forced air circulation and dilution of the hot gases with cooler air making for minimum air pollution. Improvements in the mechanical seal on the fan shaft. Improvements in the means to drive the fan which include a pressurized cooled motor housing and improved drive shaft. Improved insulation, burner and fan construction. Improved fuel to air ratio and temperature controls, fuel cutoff on ignition failure. Improved cycle which operates the combustion products generators in multiples of three on a stop and go cycle which produces just the amount of hot fluid medium required by the prime mover. Improved mechanism to operate the combustion products generators in the improved cycle. This improved power system is designed for very high efficiency low fuel consumption and minimal air polluting emissions.

PISTON COMBUSTION MACHINE WITH CONTINUOUS INTERNAL COMBUSTION

CONTINUOUS COMBUSTION PISTON COMBUSTION MACHINE

Fluid expander

The fluid expander includes a housing, a drive shaft mounted for rotation within the housing, a piston-cylinder assembly including a cylinder and a piston disposed within the cylinder for converting energy from a working fluid to rotational energy output via a drive shaft. Various adjustment assemblies are provided for adjusting speed, torque, stroke length, and thermodynamic cycles of the device. The fluid expander assembly can be used with external combustion systems, with solar or geothermal energy systems, or with internal combustion systems.

Axial-piston motor and method for operating an axial-piston motor

The aim of the invention is to improve the efficiency of an axial-piston motor. To this end, the axial-piston motor is provided with a system for regulating the combustion chamber, said system comprising a means for supplying water into the combustion chamber.

AXIAL PISTON ENGINE AND METHOD FOR WORKING THE AXIAL PISTON ENGINE

1. Аксиально-поршневой двигатель, содержащий по меньшей мере один рабочий цилиндр, питание которого осуществлено от непрерывно работающей камеры сгорания, характеризующийся тем, что он снабжен системой регулирования работы камеры сгорания, выполненной с возможностью подачи воды в камеру сгорания.2. Аксиально-поршневой двигатель по п.1, характеризующийся тем, что он выполнен с возможностью подачи воды в камеру сгорания независимо от подачи воды в компрессор агента сгорания или перед ним.3. Аксиально-поршневой двигатель по п.1 или 2, снабженный системой горелок, включающей предварительную горелку и основную горелку, и выполненный с возможностью подачи воды в основную камеру сгорания.4. Аксиально-поршневой двигатель по п.1, снабженный системой горелок, включающей предварительную горелку и основную горелку, и выполненный с возможностью подачи воды в камеру предварительного сгорания.5. Аксиально-поршневой двигатель по п.1, характеризующийся тем, что он выполнен с возможностью подачи воды для регулирования температуры отработанных газов.6. Аксиально-поршневой двигатель, содержащий по меньшей мере один рабочий цилиндр, питание которого осуществлено от непрерывно работающей камеры сгорания, характеризующийся тем, что упомянутая камера сгорания содержит подающий трубопровод для воды, находящейся в жидком состоянии.7. Аксиально-поршневой двигатель по п.6, характеризующийся тем, что он выполнен с возможностью испарения воды, подаваемой по упомянутому подающему трубопроводу, перед введением в камеру сгорания.8. Аксиально-поршневой двигатель по любому из пп.6 или 7, характеризующийся тем, что упомянутый подающий трубопр РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (51) МПК F01B 3/00 (11) (13) 2012 101 663 A (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2012101663/06, 26.07.2010 (71) Заявитель(и): ГЕТАС ГЕЗЕЛЬШАФТ ФЮР ТЕРМОДИНАМИШЕ АНТРИБССИСТЕМЕ МБХ (DE) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 24.07.2009 DE 102009034717.8 (85) ...

External combustion engine based on gamma-type stirling engine, drive system and method of engine power regulation

FIELD: engines. SUBSTANCE: group of inventions refers to external combustion engines based on the gamma-type Stirling engine. Core of the inventions is in fact that the gamma-type Stirling engine includes a sequentially operating drive mechanism for working pistons and displacers and provides an almost ideal sequence of operations. Engine is supplemented with a regulator of the working medium flow and a partition separating an operating heater of the working medium from the rest of the engine during the high-pressure action stage. In the flow regulator the working medium passes through one or more successive stages with displacers/working cylinders prior to heating. Control system directs the working medium from the inlet to the first displacer, then to the first working cylinder, and after increasing the volume either to the heating or to the next displacer. Cooled working medium, after all, is sent back to the heater, which operates as per the countercurrent principle. EFFECT: technical result is an increase in the efficiency of the engine regulation. 7 cl, 9 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 649 523 C2 (51) МПК F02G 1/05 (2006.01) F02G 1/043 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК F02G 1/05 (2018.02); F02G 1/043 (2018.02) (21)(22) Заявка: 2016118605, 03.12.2014 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: (73) Патентообладатель(и): ЛАЙТИНЕН Сэппо (FI) Дата регистрации: 03.04.2018 R U 03.12.2014 (72) Автор(ы): ЛАЙТИНЕН Сэппо (FI) (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: WO2009152419 A1 17.12.2009. US4395880 A 02.08.1983. SU653419 A1 25.03.1979. RU2109156 C1 20.04.1998. 17.02.2014 FI 20140044 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.03.2018 Бюл. № 8 (45) Опубликовано: 03.04.2018 Бюл. № 10 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 19.09.2016 2 6 4 9 5 2 3 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: FI 2014/000036 (03.12.2014) C 2 C 2 (86) Заявка PCT: (87) ...

Engine with external heat supply and method of operation of an engine with external heat supply

FIELD: engine building.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the area of engine building, namely to a design of engines with an external heat supply usable as a drive in various machines, stationary and mobile power units in the automobile, tractor, electric power and other branches of industry. Proposed is an engine with an external heat supply including a working cylinder, a heating chamber, a piston, a crank arm, an inlet and an outlet valves, an inlet and an outlet channels with 90 degree rotation, the heating chamber channel is located on the periphery of the working cylinder between the outlet and inlet channels located on the same surface with the heating chamber channel, the heating chamber protrudes above the inlet and outlet channels located in the same plane therewith. The heating chamber is made with an internal structural space wherein the working medium is heated. The method of operation of an engine with an external heat supply includes partial utilisation of a high-temperature spent working medium to heat a fresh charge of the working medium in the heating chamber.EFFECT: technical result of the invention is simplified design of the engine due to application of a small number of structural elements with small mass and dimensional characteristics, utilisation of a spent hot working medium released from the engine cylinder to heat a fresh charge of the working medium in the heating chamber, increased degree of filling with a fresh charge of the working cylinder due to low vortex formation intensity of the working medium in the inlet channel due to smooth shape and large flow passage of the inlet channel leading to increased inflow rate of the working medium into the cylinder, decreased vortex formation intensity of the working medium in the inlet and outlet channels due to minimal resistance of the channel shape at the turning point.2 cl, 4 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 749 241 C1 (51) МПК F02G 1/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ...

Two-stroke ice with aerodynamic valve in piston and conversion of waste gas heat (versions)

FIELD: machine building. SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to hybrid internal combustion thermal engines and to external heat supply. Essence of inventions consists in that, engine in addition to the housing with a conrodless mechanism for converting movement of rods into shaft rotation, air supply systems, fuel supply, ignition, gas distribution and gas removal, comprises at least two anti-phase stepped cylinders with heads, each of which includes three variable-volume chambers formed by stepped piston, namely: under-piston air compressor chamber, above-piston working chamber with heat supply and inter-piston working internal combustion chamber, as well as heater separated in heat insulator, made in form of cylinder inner jacket, and refrigerator – in form of external jacket, between the heater and the cooler the displacement cavity is made in the form of a hollow shell and connected by a tangential channel to the above-piston chamber. Channels of exhaust gases from combustion chamber are arranged in heater body and its bottom, and channels of air or fuel-air mixture supply to combustion chamber are arranged in body of external jacket of cylinder so that piston allows to perform spool-type gas distribution by means of channels located in it. Introduction of plasma-forming energy into working chamber with heat supply will make it possible to perform "active" regeneration of compression heat with its transfer from compression stroke to cycle of expansion and to improve thermal efficiency of hybrid. Piston for improving gas exchange may contain an aerodynamic valve supplying air or fuel-and-air mixture to the inter-piston internal combustion chamber, which has a common internal cylindrical surface of the heater with an adjacent above-piston chamber. EFFECT: increased injectability and specific power of engine, higher efficiency, reliability and service life. 7 cl, 4 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 706 091 C1 (51) МПК F02G 1/02 (2006.01) F02G ...

Heat engine

FIELD: engines. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to engine technology. A non-compression engine comprises two or three variable volume mechanisms: a device 1 for intake and displacement and a device 2 for combustion and expansion, or a device 1 for intake and displacement, a device 2 for combustion and expansion and an atmospheric cooler 3. Working gas volume drawn into device 1, and then displaced into device 2 at a substantially constant volume, passes through a regenerator 5. Gas in device 2 is further heated by fuel combustion and then expanded to produce work. Gas then moves through regenerator 5 into atmospheric cooler 3 at a substantially constant volume or exits regenerator at constant pressure. Gas volume decreases in atmospheric cooler while performing atmospheric work. After equilibration of gas pressure with atmospheric pressure, said gas is released from atmospheric cooler 3. EFFECT: technical result is high efficiency. 24 cl, 12 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 589 557 C2 (51) МПК F02G 5/02 (2006.01) F01N 5/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2012121102/06, 25.10.2010 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 25.10.2010 (72) Автор(ы): КОУТС Николас Ричард (GB) (73) Патентообладатель(и): 2020 ПАУЭР ДЖЕНЕРЭЙШН ЛИМИТЕД (GB) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: R U 23.10.2009 GB 0918707.1 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 27.11.2013 Бюл. № 33 (45) Опубликовано: 10.07.2016 Бюл. № 19 2 5 8 9 5 5 7 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US7201156 B1 10.04.2007. GB151683 A 13.09.1920. SU1444548 A1 15.12.1988. US7004115 B2 28.02.2006. (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 23.05.2012 (86) Заявка PCT: 2 5 8 9 5 5 7 R U (87) Публикация заявки PCT: C 2 C 2 GB 2010/001977 (25.10.2010) WO 2011/048392 (28.04.2011) Адрес для переписки: 190000, Санкт-Петербург, ВОХ-1125, ПАТЕНТИКА (54) ТЕПЛОВОЙ ДВИГАТЕЛЬ (57) Реферат: Изобретение ...

Systems and methods for efficient two-phase heat transfer in compressed-air energy storage systems

本发明涉及各种实施方式，泡沫被压缩以存储能量和/或被膨胀以恢复能量。

External combustion engine and engine cycle

An engine, particularly adapted for use in automobiles, in which ambient air is compressed in a positive displacement compressor and then heated in a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger output drives a rotary turbine which, in turn, drives the positive displacement compressor and produces output power. Any source of heat, such as the combustion products from a fuel burning chamber, may be used to apply heat to the heat exchanger. A heat storage device is also incorporated into the system to provide power during sudden turbine demands.

An external combustion engine based on a gamma-type Stirling engine, a drive system and a method for controlling engine power

РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2016 118 605 A (51) МПК F02G 1/05 (2006.01) F02G 1/043 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2016118605, 03.12.2014 (71) Заявитель(и): ЛАЙТИНЕН Сэппо (FI) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (72) Автор(ы): ЛАЙТИНЕН Сэппо (FI) 17.02.2014 FI 20140044 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 19.09.2016 R U (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.03.2018 Бюл. № 08 (86) Заявка PCT: (87) Публикация заявки PCT: WO 2015/121528 (20.08.2015) R U (54) Двигатель внешнего сгорания на основе двигателя Стирлинга гамма-типа, система привода и способ регулирования мощности двигателя (57) Формула изобретения 1. Двигатель, реализованный на основе усовершенствованного двигателя Стирлинга гамма-типа и включающего дополнительный регулятор потока рабочего тела, каналы в вытеснителях и отверстия в стенках цилиндра, последовательный поршневой привод, отличающийся тем, что он использует каналы в поршне или поршнях, которые совместно с отверстием или отверстиями в стенках цилиндра пропускают/блокируют поток рабочего тела, а также тем, что группы вытеснителя и рабочего поршня приводятся в движения поочередно, так что пока одна из групп движется с полной скоростью, вторая находится в состоянии покоя на конечной позиции хода поршня. 2. Система привода с последовательно работающими поршнями, включающая в себя рамы привода с направляющими; маховики и вращающиеся элементы с профилированными поверхностями, соединенные с основным валом; вытеснитель, вращение вращающегося элемента которого на одну четверть полного цикла последовательностей опережает вращение вращающегося элемента рабочего поршня, отличающаяся тем, что форма профилированных поверхностей является сочетанием основных секций, синхронизированных с углом поворота основного вала и обеспечивающих, совместно с контактирующими маховиками и вспомогательными элементами, возвратно-поступательный, однонаправленный ход с ...

Static regenerator, reciprocating reciprocating engine

Two-stroke hybrid engine with conversion of combustion engine waste heat into work and afterburning of exhaust gases (variants)

FIELD: power engineering.SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to the field of power engineering - hybrid piston internal combustion engines and engines with external heat supply. The essence of the inventions lies in the fact that a hybrid engine contains at least one stepped cylinder with a head and a bottom, which includes a constant-volume exhaust gas afterburner, two adjacent thermal working chambers (overpiston with heat supply and subpiston internal combustion) and two adjacent antiphase working chambers air compressor chambers formed by double-sided stepped pistons through the inter-piston skirt, and also separated by a heat insulator, a heater made in the form of an inner jacket of the cylinder, and a refrigerator in the form of an outer jacket, connected by a tangential channel with a thermal over-piston chamber; a displacement cavity made in the form of a hollow shell and located between the heater and the refrigerator. In this case, the channels of exhaust gases from the combustion chamber are placed in the body of the heater in the form of a hollow shell, which is the afterburner chamber, and its bottom in such a way that allow the piston to carry out slide valve timing using channels located in it, including a separate air supply channel. The use of an in-crankcase cavity as a cylinder bottom makes it possible to convert the movement of the pistons into rotation of the shaft using a rodless or crank mechanism. The supply of plasma-forming energy for activating the working gas and the use of aerodynamic air / combustible valves help to improve the energy performance and simplify the hybrid engine.EFFECT: technical result is an increase in the specific power of the engine, an increase in efficiency, reliability and service life, as well as an improvement in environmental parameters.14 cl, 7 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 745 467 C1 (51) МПК F02G 1/02 (2006.01) F02G 1/04 (2006.01) F02G 3/02 (2006.01) F02G 5/04 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM OF DEEP DISPOSAL OF HEAT OF PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION OF BOILERS OF POWER PLANTS

1. Способ глубокой утилизации тепла продуктов сгорания станционных котлов паротурбинных электростанций, содержащий подачу конденсата из конденсатора паровой турбины в газоводяной утилизационный поверхностный теплообменник, размещенный на стыке котла с газоходом, с возможностью регулируемого байпасирования части газов помимо теплообменника в газовый тракт, и нагрев конденсата за счет тепла уходящих продуктов сгорания, дальнейшую подачу его в конденсатную линию станции и на деаэратор, регулирование теплосъема в теплообменнике,отличающийся тем, что, с целью повышения тепловой экономичности технологической схемы станции и экономии топлива, увеличения КПД, снижения эмиссии токсичных оксидов NOи СО, получения дополнительной воды за счет конденсации водяных паров, содержащихся в продуктах сгорания, конденсат из конденсатора паровой турбины разделяют на два потока: первый поток направляют в конденсатную линию станции - в подогреватель конденсата, деаэратор, а затем в котел, а второй подают в размещенный на выходе котла в газоходе газоводяной утилизационный поверхностный теплообменник-конденсатор (ПТК), в котором продукты сгорания (ПС) охлаждают до температуры ниже точки росы на (5-10)°C, конденсируют водяные пары, содержащиеся в ПС, причем поданный из конденсатора и нагретый в ПТК конденсат направляют в конденсатную линию станции - в деаэратор и котел, а полученный в ПТК конденсат из ПС собирают, подвергают очистке по известной технологии и направляют в конденсатную линию станции - в подогреватель, деаэратор и котел.2. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что заданный (оптимальный) теплосъем в теплообменнике (ПТК) поддерживают регулированием РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (51) МПК F22B 33/18 (11) (13) 2015 105 043 A (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2015105043, 16.02.2015 (71) Заявитель(и): Шадек Евгений Глебович (RU) Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 16.02.2015 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.09.2016 ...

Two-stroke hybrid engine with conversion of combustion engine waste heat into work and afterburning of exhaust gases (variants)

FIELD: power engineering. SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to the field of power engineering - hybrid piston internal combustion engines and engines with external heat supply. The essence of the inventions lies in the fact that a hybrid engine contains at least one stepped cylinder with a head and a bottom, which includes a constant-volume exhaust gas afterburner, two adjacent thermal working chambers (overpiston with heat supply and subpiston internal combustion) and two adjacent antiphase working chambers air compressor chambers formed by double-sided stepped pistons through the inter-piston skirt, and also separated by a heat insulator, a heater made in the form of an inner jacket of the cylinder, and a refrigerator in the form of an outer jacket, connected by a tangential channel with a thermal over-piston chamber; a displacement cavity made in the form of a hollow shell and located between the heater and the refrigerator. In this case, the channels of exhaust gases from the combustion chamber are placed in the body of the heater in the form of a hollow shell, which is the afterburner chamber, and its bottom in such a way that allow the piston to carry out slide valve timing using channels located in it, including a separate air supply channel. The use of an in-crankcase cavity as a cylinder bottom makes it possible to convert the movement of the pistons into rotation of the shaft using a rodless or crank mechanism. The supply of plasma-forming energy for activating the working gas and the use of aerodynamic air / combustible valves help to improve the energy performance and simplify the hybrid engine. EFFECT: technical result is an increase in the specific power of the engine, an increase in efficiency, reliability and service life, as well as an improvement in environmental parameters. 14 cl, 7 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 745 467 C9 (51) МПК F02G 1/02 (2006.01) F02G 1/04 (2006.01) F02G 3/02 (2006.01) F02G 5/04 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ ...

Method and system for deep heat recovery of boiler combustion products of thermal power plants

FIELD: energy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to station power, particularly, to energy saving during operation of boilers power stations, comprising steam-turbine plants (STP). Method for deep recovery comprises feeding STP condensate into water-gas heat exchanger (WGH) at boiler outlet and heating condensate using heat of combustion products (CP), combustion products (WGH) are cooled to temperature below dew point by (5–10) °C, obtained condensate (OC) is collected, purified according to a known technology and fed into a condensate line and then successively into condensate heater, deaerator and boiler. In order to implement method, deep recycling system (DR) includes arranged under water-gas heat exchanger (WGH) condensate drain tank (OC), condensate collection and storage tanks, drain and condensate pumps, as well as condensate treatment sections, connected to condensate line of station. EFFECT: besides saving heat (fuel) present solution reduces emission of toxic oxides NO x and CO 2 due to suppression with water vapour, reducing fuel consumption, obtaining additional water, which can be used for boiler makeup and other needs, eliminates or minimises condensation in gas path and stack, improving maintenance conditions, avoiding need for flue gas recirculation for preventing condensation. 2 cl, 4 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 607 118 C2 (51) МПК F22B 33/18 (2006.01) F22B 1/18 (2006.01) F22G 1/02 (2006.01) F01K 17/04 (2006.01) F02G 1/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ФОРМУЛА (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ 2015105043, 16.02.2015 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 16.02.2015 (72) Автор(ы): Шадек Евгений Глебович (RU) (73) Патентообладатель(и): Шадек Евгений Глебович (RU) Дата регистрации: (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: П.А.Березинец Г.Г.Ольховский Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 16.02.2015 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.09.2016 Бюл. № 25 ...

Air engine system and method of its operation

FIELD: mechanical engineering. SUBSTANCE: technical solution relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular to pneumatic motors powered by compressed air. The system has an air motor 1 with a cylinder-piston group, as well as a cylinder head with an intake 2 and exhaust 3 manifold system with a valve mechanism, the air compressor 7 is connected through a pipeline 9 with a receiver 8, which is connected through the first pipeline 11 with an air motor through a distribution valve 10 1 and through the second pipeline 12 with the chamber 13.1 of the heated medium of the radiator 13, which at the outlet through the intake manifold 2 is connected to the pneumatic motor 1, connected through the exhaust manifold 3 to the chamber 13.2 of the heating medium of the radiator 13. The outlet of the crankshaft 4 of the pneumatic motor 1 by means of a cardan assembly 5 is connected to the piston unit of the air compressor 7, and a starter is installed on the output shaft 14 - generator 15. The first start of the compressor and the pneumatic motor is performed by a starter-generator 15, which is located with them on the same shaft, the subsequent starts are made by the receiver 8. The compressor 7 is taken, compressed and pumped into the receiver 8. From the receiver 8 through the distribution valve 10, the air flow is divided into two and the first pipeline 11 is directed to the valve system of the pneumatic motor 1, and the second pipeline 12 is directed to the chamber 13.1 of the heated medium of the radiator 13, where it is heated to the operating temperature and fed through the intake manifold 2 to the pneumatic motor 1, where they perform mechanical work, rotate the output shaft and the crankshaft and transfer the rotation to the piston unit of the air compressor 7 through the cardan assembly, the exhaust air through the exhaust manifold 3 is fed into the chamber 13.2 of the heating medium of the radiator 13. EFFECT: increased efficiency of the pneumatic motor, ...

Positive displacement engine with separate combustion chamber

POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT ENGINE WITH SEPARATE COMBUSTION CHAMBER Abstract of the Disclosure An engine with positive displacement piston chambers, an external combustion chamber from which combustion gases pass through suitable valving to piston chambers, an air compressor, a heat exchanger where exhaust gases from the piston chambers preheat compressed air which then flows to the combustion chamber, and an accumulator for storing unneeded compressed air from the compressor. The system has the capability of regenerative braking, i.e., slowing the engine by employing it as a compressor to compress air which is passed to the accumulator.

Heat engine for converting heat to kinetic energy - preventing pollution by constant combustion, using any combustible material

ACTIVE MONO AND / OR ENERGY CHAMBER MOTOR WITH COMPRESSED AIR AND / OR ADDITIONAL ENERGY.

ACTIVE MONO AND / OR ENERGY CHAMBER MOTOR WITH COMPRESSED AIR AND / OR ADDITIONAL ENERGY.

Le moteur à chambre active selon l'invention utilise un dispositif bielle manivelle traditionnel. Il est alimenté par de l'air comprimé contenu dans un réservoir de stockage haute pression, à travers une capacité de travail (19).Il fonctionne selon un cycle thermodynamique en quatre phases revendiqué dans WO 2005/049968 à savoir : une détente isotherme sans travail - un transfert avec légère détente avec travail dit quasi-isotherme - une détente polytropique avec travail - un échappement à pression ambiante.La chambre d'expansion active (13) est constituée d'un volume variable relié par un passage (6) comportant un obturateur (7) permettant ainsi de l'isoler du volume compris dans le cylindre moteur au-dessus du piston moteur à son point mort haut. L'air sous pression est admis dans la chambre d'expansion à son plus petit volume et sous la poussée va augmenter son volume en produisant un travail, lorsque la chambre d'expansion est sensiblement à son volume maximum, elle est mise en communication avec le cylindre moteur (2) et l'air comprimé y contenu se détend repoussant ainsi le piston moteur dans sa course descendante en fournissant un travail à son tour.Application aux véhicules terrestres, voitures, autobus, motos, bateaux, groupes électrogène de secours, ensembles de cogénération, moteurs à poste fixe. The active chamber engine according to the invention uses a traditional crank connecting device. It is fed with compressed air contained in a high-pressure storage tank, through a working capacity (19) .It operates according to a four-phase thermodynamic cycle claimed in WO 2005/049968 namely: an isothermal expansion without work - a transfer with slight relaxation with quasi-isothermal work - a polytropic relaxation with work - an exhaust at ambient pressure.The active expansion chamber (13) consists of a variable volume connected by a passage (6) comprising a shutter (7) thereby isolating the volume in the engine cylinder ...

HOT GAS ENGINE.

Alternative heat engine for driving e.g. two-stage variable displacement compressor, has control unit controlling opening and closing of flow channels according to predetermined operation cycle

The engine (1) has a first fluidic communication unit (2) communicating between an enclosure (20) and an outer side of the enclosure that include metallic bellows. A second fluidic communication unit communicates between another enclosure (30) and an outer side of the latter enclosure. A third fluidic communication unit communicates between the two enclosures. A heating or cooling unit heats or cools gas working fluid circulating in the third communication unit. A control unit (9) controls opening and closing of the three communication units according to a predetermined operation cycle.

Patent FR2303955B3

MOTOR-COMPRESSOR GROUP LOW COMBUSTION TEMPERATURE "CONTINUOUS" CONTINUOUS PRESSURE AND ACTIVE CHAMBER

FUEL-FREE THERMAL MOTOR ADAPTABLE IN PARTICULAR TO AUTOMOBILE AND NUCLEAR

Dispositif (1) produisant de l'énergie mécanique à partir de la conversion d'énergie thermique véhiculée par deux fluides (16) et (17) à températures différentes circulant alternativement dans le premier milieu (5) d'un échangeur thermique (4) induisant des variations alternatives de température et de pression dans le deuxième milieu (6) de l'échangeur (4) qu'un piston (18) transforme en mouvement alternatif exploitable en tant qu'énergie mécanique ou transformable en énergie électrique (11). L'énergie thermique véhiculée par les fluides sortant du dispositif et n'ayant pas été convertie en énergie mécanique peut être régénérée en réintroduisant une partie des fluides dans le circuit chaud et/ou utilisée en cogénération par exemple pour le chauffage individuel ou collectif et/ou l'eau chaude sanitaire. On peut raccorder le dispositif (1) à un réseau électrique auquel il peut fournir de l'énergie électrique. Device (1) producing mechanical energy from the conversion of thermal energy carried by two fluids (16) and (17) at different temperatures flowing alternately in the first medium (5) of a heat exchanger (4) inducing alternating variations of temperature and pressure in the second medium (6) of the exchanger (4) that a piston (18) converts into usable reciprocating motion as mechanical energy or transformable into electrical energy (11). The thermal energy conveyed by the fluids leaving the device and not converted into mechanical energy can be regenerated by reintroducing part of the fluids in the hot circuit and / or used in cogeneration for example for individual or collective heating and / or or hot water. The device (1) can be connected to an electrical network to which it can supply electrical energy.

Patent FR2074195A5

Internal combustion engine

HEAT TRANSFER-RELIEF ENGINE AND REGENERATION

Le moteur thermique à transfert-détente et régénération (1) comprend un compresseur (2) qui refoule des gaz dans un conduit haute-pression de régénération (6) d'un échangeur thermique de régénération (5) duquel ils ressortent préchauffés via un conduit de sortie haute-pression de régénérateur (9) lequel comporte une source de chaleur (12) qui surchauffe lesdits gaz ces derniers étant ensuite transvasés par une soupape doseuse d'admission (24) manœuvrée par un actionneur de soupape doseuse (25) dans une chambre de transvasement-détente (16) notamment formée par un cylindre détendeur (13) et un piston détendeur (15), lesdits gaz ressortant de ladite chambre (16) après avoir été détendus via un conduit d'échappement des gaz détendus (26) et grâce à une soupape d'échappement (31) manœuvrée par un actionneur de soupape d'échappement (32) avant d'être refroidis dans un conduit basse-pression de régénération (7) que comporte l'échangeur thermique de régénération (5). The transfer-expansion-regeneration thermal engine (1) comprises a compressor (2) which discharges gases into a regeneration high-pressure pipe (6) of a regeneration heat exchanger (5) from which they emerge preheated via a pipe high-pressure regenerator outlet (9) which comprises a heat source (12) which superheats said gas, the latter being then transferred by an intake metering valve (24) operated by a metering valve actuator (25) in a transfer-expansion chamber (16) in particular formed by an expansion cylinder (13) and an expansion piston (15), said gases emerging from said chamber (16) after having been expanded via an exhaust gas exhaust duct (26) and through an exhaust valve (31) operated by an exhaust valve actuator (32) before being cooled in a low-pressure regeneration line (7) that includes the heat exchanger degeneration (5).

PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR RECOVERING AMBIENT THERMAL ENERGY FOR VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH DEPOLLUTE ENGINE WITH ADDITIONAL COMPRESSED AIR INJECTION

ARTICULATED PLENUM

PLENUM ARTICULÉ Le plenum articulé (1) forme un conduit d’admission (3) qui est terminé par des liaisons rotules étanche (16) maintenues par des moyens de contention (17), ledit plenum (1) reliant une source de chaleur (39) à un cylindre de détendeur (32) et comprenant un orifice d'entrée de plenum (4), un orifice de sortie de plenum (6) qui reçoit un siège de soupape (9), et un orifice d'actionneur (8) qui reçoit un actionneur de soupape d'admission (50) qui pilote une soupape (10) cette dernière coopérant avec le siège de soupape (9) pour fermer le conduit d’admission (3). Figure pour l’abrégé : Fig. 1 ARTICULATED PLENUM The articulated plenum (1) forms an intake duct (3) which is terminated by leaktight ball joints (16) held by restraint means (17), said plenum (1) connecting a heat source (39 ) to an expander cylinder (32) and comprising a plenum inlet port (4), a plenum outlet port (6) which receives a valve seat (9), and an actuator port (8) which receives an intake valve actuator (50) which controls a valve (10) the latter cooperating with the valve seat (9) to close the intake duct (3). Figure for abstract: Fig. 1

REGENERATIVE COOLING SYSTEM

Le système de refroidissement régénératif (100) est prévu pour un moteur thermique à régénération (1) et comprend une enceinte de refroidissement (79) qui enveloppe un détendeur de gaz (78) tout en laissant un espace de circulation des gaz (80) entre ladite enceinte (79) et ledit détendeur (78), un gaz travaillant (81) expulsé du détendeur de gaz (78) circulant dans ledit espace (80) avant de retourner à un échangeur thermique de régénération (5) pour y être refroidi, une grande partie de la chaleur dudit gaz (81) étant réintroduite dans le cycle thermodynamique du moteur thermique à régénération (1). The regenerative cooling system (100) is provided for a regenerative heat engine (1) and comprises a cooling chamber (79) which surrounds a gas expander (78) while leaving a gas circulation space (80) between said enclosure (79) and said expander (78), a working gas (81) expelled from the gas expander (78) flowing in said space (80) before returning to a regeneration heat exchanger (5) for cooling therein, a large part of the heat of said gas (81) being reintroduced into the thermodynamic cycle of the regenerative heat engine (1).

Patent FR2167154A5

Patent FR2115217A1

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RECOVERING AMBIENT THERMAL ENERGY FOR VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH DEPOLLUTE ENGINE WITH ADDITIONAL COMPRESSED AIR INJECTION

The invention concerns a method for recuperating ambient thermal energy for an engine or vehicles equipped with pollution-free motors functioning with injection of secondary compressed air in the combustion chamber (2) and having a reservoir for storing highly compressed air (23). The highly compressed air contained in the reservoir is, previous to its being injected into the chamber (2), expanded in a system with variable volume such as a piston-cylinder assembly (54, 55), producing a work which is used by mechanical means or the like. This expansion- to the injecting pressure- with work causes the air to cool to a very low temperature. This air is then propelled into a heat exchanger (41) where it is heated, thus increasing in pressure and/or in volume by recuperating a supply of thermal energy derived from the atmosphere. The invention is applicable to all engines equipped with compressed air injection and to the production of conditioned air in the vehicle.

Slow speed thermo-mechanical motor - has thermal cylinder connected to double force crank drive and spring or weight to extract energy

The motor for converting heat into energy by the change in volume inside a chamber, is subjected to two forces. The first is obtained from a weight (3) suspended on a cable (1) and wound onto a drum (2). The drum is coaxial with a smaller diameter part onto which is wound a second cable (4) connected to a piston. Between the second cable and piston are double linkages each with rollers at the ends of their arms, connecting them and travelling along guide surfaces. The shapes of these surfaces give a variable force on the connecting cable. An alternative method of applying the first force uses a swinging arm controlled by a spring and connected to a second arm attached at the other end to a sliding piston.

REGENERATIVE COOLING SYSTEM

Le système de refroidissement régénératif (100) est prévu pour un moteur thermique à régénération (1) et comprend une enceinte de refroidissement (79) qui enveloppe un détendeur de gaz (78) tout en laissant un espace de circulation des gaz (80) entre ladite enceinte (79) et ledit détendeur (78), un gaz travaillant (81) expulsé du détendeur de gaz (78) circulant dans ledit espace (80) avant de retourner à un échangeur thermique de régénération (5) pour y être refroidi, une grande partie de la chaleur dudit gaz (81) étant réintroduite dans le cycle thermodynamique du moteur thermique à régénération (1). The regenerative cooling system (100) is provided for a regenerative heat engine (1) and comprises a cooling chamber (79) which surrounds a gas expander (78) while leaving a gas circulation space (80) between said enclosure (79) and said expander (78), a working gas (81) expelled from the gas expander (78) flowing in said space (80) before returning to a regeneration heat exchanger (5) for cooling therein, a large part of the heat of said gas (81) being reintroduced into the thermodynamic cycle of the regenerative heat engine (1).

Performance enhancement for external combustion engines

The performance of the external combustion heat engine is improved by the fact that the combustion gas and the excess of burnt air are carried into a turbine (24). Both the combustion gas and the burnt air expand through the turbine, before being rejected to the atmosphere. The burnt air exhaust from a heat exchanger (4). This process takes place at a temperature and pressure, which are higher than those of the atmosphere. The turbine is used to drive an air compressor (25). The output form this compressor is used, primarily, as the principal drive for the inlet to the engine. An adjustable fraction of the compressed air. It is adjustable by a valve (33), which may be diverted through an exhaust heater (29) and to the burner (27) to act as the combustible air for the inlet.

EXTERNAL HOT SOCKET MOTOR

La présente invention concerne un moteur à source chaude externe comprenant : - au moins un cylindre (2), - un piston mobile (3) en va et vient dans le cylindre, - une culasse (4) définissant une chambre de travail (5) avec le piston et le cylindre, - un échangeur de chaleur (6) entre un gaz de travail et un fluide caloporteur, - une distribution comprenant deux boisseaux rotatifs (20, 30) montés en rotation dans la culasse et faisant sélectivement communiquer la chambre de travail avec les ressources suivantes : ? une admission (A) de gaz de travail, ? une extrémité froide (B) de l'échangeur, ? une extrémité chaude (C) de l'échangeur, ? un échappement (D). Les boisseaux (20, 30) comprennent des passages internes débouchant à travers leur paroi latérale par au moins une embouchure qui communique sélectivement avec la chambre de travail (5) par au moins une lumière pratiquée dans la culasse (4). The present invention relates to an external hot source engine comprising: - at least one cylinder (2), - a movable piston (3) back and forth in the cylinder, - a cylinder head (4) defining a working chamber (5) with the piston and the cylinder, - a heat exchanger (6) between a working gas and a heat-transfer fluid, - a distribution comprising two rotary plugs (20, 30) mounted in rotation in the cylinder head and making the communication chamber selectively communicate work with the following resources:? an intake (A) of working gas,? a cold end (B) of the exchanger,? a hot end (C) of the exchanger,? an exhaust (D). The plugs (20, 30) comprise internal passages opening through their side wall by at least one mouth which communicates selectively with the working chamber (5) by at least one lumen formed in the cylinder head (4).

Rotary expansion engine of the wankel type

Scissor type compression and expansion machine used in a thermal energy recuperation system

A compression and expansion machine is disclosed that includes a body with at least one chamber about an axis of symmetry, and pistons rotating about the axis of symmetry and dividing the chamber into cells rotating with the pistons. The invention also includes a device for coordinating the movement of the pistons and configured so that, during one rotation cycle, each of the cells performs at least one first expansion/contraction cycle corresponding to a stage of compressing a first stream of gas passing through this cell and at least one second expansion/contraction cycle corresponding to a stage of expanding a second stream of gas passing through this cell.

Traveling-wave device with mass flux suppression

A traveling-wave device is provided with the conventional moving pistons eliminated. Acoustic energy circulates in a direction through a fluid within a torus (30). A side branch may be connected to the torus for transferring acoustic energy into or out of the torus. A regenerator (32) is located in the torus with a first heat exchanger (34) located on a first side of the regenerator downstream of the regenerator relative to the direction of the circulating acoustic energy; and a second heat exchanger (36) located on an upstream side of the regenerator. The improvement is a mass flux suppressor (46) located in the torus to minimize time-average mass flux of the fluid. In one embodiment, the device further includes a thermal buffer column (70) in the torus to thermally isolate the heat exchanger that is at the operating temperature of the device.

Systems, methods, and apparatuses related to the use of gas clathrates

This disclosure relates generally to the use of gas clathrates. More particularly, this disclosure relates to systems, methods, and apparatuses related to the use of gas clathrates as a fuel source for automobiles. The gas clathrates may first be dissociated into at least one gas and the at least one gas delivered to the prime mover of a vehicle or the gas clathrates may be directly utilized by the prime mover as a fuel source.

ENGINE.

Un motor que comprende: un compresor para comprimir aire ambiente; una cámara de combustión para quemar dicho aire comprimido, produciendo dicha cámara de combustión gases de escape; un expansor para recibir dichos gases de escape procedentes de dicha cámara de combustión y expandir dichos gases de escape; y un freno regenerativo que comprende: un depósito a presión, en el que dicho depósito a presión almacena dicho aire comprimido; al menos una primera válvula acoplada a dicho compresor; un embrague de expansor; y un embrague de expansor, en el que durante el frenado dicho embrague de expansor es desembragado y dicho embrague de compresor es embragado, y en el que dicha al menos una primera válvula aísla dicho compresor durante el arranque del motor o durante la aceleración, aísla dicha cámara de combustión durante el frenado y aísla dicho depósito durante un funcionamiento en estado permanente. An engine comprising: a compressor to compress ambient air; a combustion chamber to burn said compressed air, said combustion chamber producing exhaust gases; an expander to receive said exhaust gases from said combustion chamber and expand said exhaust gases; and a regenerative brake comprising: a pressure tank, wherein said pressure tank stores said compressed air; at least one first valve coupled to said compressor; an expander clutch; and an expander clutch, in which during braking said expander clutch is disengaged and said compressor clutch is clutch, and in which said at least one first valve isolates said compressor during engine start-up or during acceleration, isolates said combustion chamber during braking and insulates said tank during a permanent operation.

Hot air compound engine

This compound engine improves the energy balance of the combustion engine and the emission of pollutants is reduced to a minimum. The pollutants CO and HC are not produced by the method of combustion. This engine can naturally also be designed as a single-shaft engine.

Method and apparatus for propelling

Apparatus for converting heat energy into useful work

A new or improved combined internal combustion and compressed air engine

155,314. Robinson, R. W. June 17, 1919. Starting and stopping pumps automatically. - An internalcombustion engine drives a compressor supplying air to a reservoir from which an air engine is driven, the piston of the compressor through a rocking shaft and levers giving a mechanical advantage to the engine during the latter part of its stroke, the supply of air to the air engine from the reservoir being automatically throttled as the reservoir pressure falls, and the combustion engine being started and stopped in accordance with the fall or rise of the reservoir pressure. The stroke of the combustion engine is always of the same speed and power. The piston a', Fig. 1, of the combustion cylinder a is connected to the crank-lever a<2> on the rocking- shaft d, the piston b<1> of the air compressor being similarly connected to the same shaft. The compressed air reservoir c surrounds the compressor cylinder, with which it communicates through a valve b<4>. Air is led from the reservoir through a pipe f to a carburettor l and thence to a valved port k in the combustion cylinder; the pipe f is also in communication through a small pipe j<1> with the top of the fuel tank j. The carburetted air entering at the port k drives the piston through a part of its stroke. The port is then closed and the charge ignited, completing the stroke. A smaller air reservoir c', Fig. 2, is connected with the reservoir c through a reducing valve v, and surrounds a cylinder e communicating with it through ports e', in which is a piston e<1> connected to a crank on the rocking-shaft, and arranged so that the piston effects the return stroke of the engine and compressor. The ports c<3> are closed by the piston before the end of the stroke, providing an air cushion. In small engines, an adjustable coiled spring on the rocking shaft may replace the cylinder e and piston e<1>; in this case, the bore of the cylinder a may be cut down at the ends to ...

Integrated rankine engine

A Rankine or steam engine with integrated features is disclosed. The example is a four-stroke engine arranged such that hot gas enters the cylinder (7), is compressed (8), is mixed with a spray of water which turns to steam. The resulting pressure increase provides a power stroke (9), after which the expanded gaseous mixture is exhausted (10) to be condensed. The steam-generating phase of the Rankine cycle is thus integrated into the expansion phase for a simpler, more efficient engine.