ФОРМИРОВАТЕЛЬ ИМПУЛЬСОВ ДЛЯ КОНДЕНСАТОРНО-ТИРИСТОРНОГО МОДУЛЯ ЗАЖИГАНИЯ НА ОСНОВЕ ТРИГГЕРА ЗАЩЕЛКИ

... 1. Формирователь импульсов для конденсаторно-тиристорного модуля зажигания содержащий первый зажим, соединенный через резистор с анодом диода, катод которого подсоединен ко второму зажиму, первый и второй выводы вторичной обмотки импульсного трансформатора являются соответственно первым и вторым выходными зажимами формирователя импульсов, отличающийся тем, что введены второй резистор, конденсатор и электронный ключ, причем первый зажим формирователя импульсов соединен с одним из выводов второго резистора и управляющими входом электронного ключа, первый вход которого подсоединен к одному из выводов первичной обмотки импульсного трансформатора, второму выводу второго резистора и к одной из обкладок конденсатора, вторая обкладка которого подключена ко второму входу электронного ключа и аноду диода, катод которого подключен к третьему входу электронного ключа, выход которого соединен со вторым выводом первичной обмотки импульсного трансформатора. ! 2. Формирователь импульсов по п.1, отличающийся ...

ФОРМИРОВАТЕЛЬ ИМПУЛЬСОВ ДЛЯ КОНДЕНСАТОРНО-ТИРИСТОРНОГО МОДУЛЯ ЗАЖИГАНИЯ

... 1. Формирователь импульсов для конденсаторно-тиристорного модуля зажигания, содержащий первый зажим, соединенный с анодом диода, катод которого подключен через резистор ко второму зажиму формирователя импульсов, первый и второй выводы вторичной обмотки импульсного трансформатора являются соответственно первым и вторым выходными зажимами формирователя импульсов, отличающийся тем, что введены второй резистор, конденсатор и электронный ключ, причем первый зажим формирователя импульсов подсоединен к управляющему входу электронного ключа, второй зажим формирователя импульсов соединен с одной из обкладок конденсатора и входом электронного ключа, выход которого подключен к одному из выводов первичной обмотки импульсного трансформатора, второй вывод которой подсоединен к второй обкладке конденсатора и к одному из выводов второго резистора, второй вывод которого соединен с катодом диода. ! 2. Формирователь импульсов по п.1, отличающийся тем, что параллельно конденсатору подсоединен стабилитрон ( ...

КОМБИНИРОВАННАЯ СИСТЕМА ПЛАЗМЕННОГО ЗАЖИГАНИЯ ДЛЯ ДВИГАТЕЛЯ ВНУТРЕННЕГО СГОРАНИЯ

Использование: в электрооборудовании транспортных средств, системах зажигания двигателей внутреннего сгорания и для маломощной плазменной сварки. Сущность изобретения: устройство включает искровое зажигание 1, плазменное зажигание 3. Особенностью изобретения является введение резистора 13, конденсатора 30, что позволяет повысить надежность. 4 ил.

СИСТЕМА ЗАЖИГАНИЯ ДЛЯ ДВИГАТЕЛЯ ВНУТРЕННЕГО СГОРАНИЯ

Изобретение позволяет увеличить длительность и энергию разряда и может использоваться на автомобилях любых марок, оснащенных обычными системами зажигания. Отличительной особенностью предлагаемой системы зажигания является то, что между низковольтным выводом вторичной обмотки катушки зажигания и корпусом помешается источник постоянного напряжения (тока), образующий вместе с активным сопротивлением вторичной обмотки катушки зажигания источник постоянного тока, подключенный к свече зажигания и инициируюший в разрядном промежутке свечи зажигания стационарный дуговой разряд, время существования которого ограничено только временем включенного состояния распределителя зажигания и может регулироваться.

СИСТЕМА ЗАЖИГАНИЯ ДЛЯ ДВИГАТЕЛЯ ВНУТРЕННЕГО СГОРАНИЯ

Изобретение позволяет увеличить длительность и энергию разряда и может использоваться на автомобилях любых марок, оснащенных обычными системами зажигания. Отличительной особенностью предлагаемой системы зажигания является то, что между низковольтным выводом вторичной обмотки катушки зажигания и корпусом помешается источник постоянного напряжения (тока), образующий вместе с активным сопротивлением вторичной обмотки катушки зажигания источник постоянного тока, подключенный к свече зажигания и инициируюший в разрядном промежутке свечи зажигания стационарный дуговой разряд, время существования которого ограничено только временем включенного состояния распределителя зажигания и может регулироваться.

PLASMA-ZUENDSYSTEM FUER EINE BRENNKRAFTMASCHINE

IC ENGINE COIL-TYPE IGNITION CONTROL

PLASMA IGNITION SYSTEMS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

ELECTRONIC PLASMA FINAL CONTROL IN AN INTERNAL INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

MULTIPLE PULSE CD IGNITION USING AN OPTIMIZED VOLTAGE DOUBLING IGNITION COIL

IGNITION-CONTROL SYSTEM IGNITION-CONTROL SYSTEM

HIGH FREQUENCY CONTINUOUS-WAVE IGNITION ENERGY

ELECTRIC SURGE GENERATOR

IGNITION SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

... . An audio frequency ionization ignition system for internal combustion engines which simulates turbulent combustion (diesel combustion) in spark ignited internal combustion engines utilizing standard equipment with minor changes in the wiring harness of a vehicle. This system includes an electronic contact debounce circuit, an audio oscillator, a divide by two frequency divider and AND circuits combined with power amplifiers. This supplies high voltage, sinusoidal pulses for ignition.

CAPACITOR DISCHARGE IGNITION SYSTEM WITH CONTROLLED SPARK DURATION

A capacitor discharge ignition system for a sparkignition internal combustion engine. The ignition system includes an ignition coil having first and second primary windings, a secondary winding and a ferromagnetic core about which the windings are wound. A spark plug has electrodes which are spaced apart to form a spark gap which is connected in series with a first capacitor. The series-connected spark gap and first capacitor are connected across the secondary winding. A second capacitor is coupled to the first winding and a DC source of electrical energy is provided. First circuit means charge the second capacitor from the DC source and discharge this capacitor through the first primary winding in timed relation to operation of the engine. Second circuit means are provided for producing a fixed frequency oscillatory current in the second primary winding for a predetermined time interval subsequent to each discharge of the second capacitor through the first primary winding. The discharge ...

CONTINUOUS WAVE IGNITION SYSTEM

SATURABLE-CORE SQUARE WAVE OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT

CORONA IGNITER WITH GAS-TIGHT HF PLUG CONNECTOR

The invention relates to a corona igniter comprising a central electrode (7); an insulator (6) in which the central electrode (7) is plugged; a coil (5) which is connected to the central electrode (7); and a housing (4) in which the coil (5) is arranged. The housing (4) is closed by the insulator (6) at one end and has an HF plug connector at the other end, said HF plug connector having an inner conductor (2) which is connected to the coil (5) and an outer conductor (2) which is connected to the housing (4). According to the invention, the HF plug connector contains a glass body (3) which seals an annular gap between the inner conductor (2) and the outer conductor (1). The invention further relates to an HF plug connector suitable for such an HF igniter.

Elektronische Zündschaltung in einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine

Zündanlage für Brennkraftmotoren

Hochfrequenz-Zündanordnung mit ungedämpften Wellen für einen Verbrennungsmotor

Transistorisierte Schaltung für einen Rechteckwellen Generator mit sättigungsfähigem Kern

ZUENDANORDNUNG MIT UNGEDAEMPFTEN HOCHFREQUENZWELLEN FUER EINEN VERBRENNUNGSMOTOR.

HOCHFREQUENZ-ZUENDANORDNUNG MIT UNGEDAEMPFTEN WELLEN FUER EINEN VERBRENNUNGSMOTOR.

ZUENDANORDNUNG FUER EINEN VERBRENNUNGSMOTOR MIT STEUERUNG DER FUNKENDAUER.

Zündanordnung für Verbrennungsmotoren

Zündanordnung für Verbrennungsmotoren

Dispositivo elettronico di accensione per motori a combustione interna

An internal combustion engine, an ignition plug, plasma equipment, and an apparatus using the plasma equipment

General-purpose high effective electronic ignitor

Electric ignition system

Ignition method and device, particularly for an internal combustion engine

CONVEYED IMPROVEMENTS TO THE APPARATUS FOR GENERATING ELECTRICAL PULSES, INTENDED FOR THE IGNITION OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Cavity discharge igniter

IGNITION DEVICES

Improvements with the electronic ignition of the spark-ignition engines

Method for controlling a corona ignition device and corona ignition device

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

In the present invention, discharge plasma generated by a discharge device effectively absorbs the energy of electromagnetic waves radiated from an electromagnetic radiation device in an internal combustion engine with a combustion chamber in which a predetermined gas flow is produced. When igniting the air-fuel mixture by concurrently performing a discharge operation and a radiation operation, downstream of a discharge gap with respect to the direction of the gas flow in the discharge gap, the radiation position of electromagnetic waves from an antenna in the radiation operation faces the discharge plasma flowing as a result of the gas flow.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE, AND PLASMA GENERATING DEVICE

In order that an internal combustion engine, which uses electromagnetic waves to promote the combustion of mixed gases in a combustion chamber, uses the energy of the electromagnetic waves in a larger area of the combustion chamber, an internal combustion engine is provided with an electromagnetic wave radiating device, a plurality of receiving antennae, and a control device, in addition to an internal combustion engine main-body and an ignition device. The electromagnetic wave radiating device radiates electromagnetic waves toward the combustion chamber. The plurality of receiving antennae are provided on a partitioning member which partitions the combustion chamber, and resonate with the electromagnetic waves radiated from the electromagnetic wave radiating device to the combustion chamber. The control device switches, amongst the plurality of receiving antennae, the receiving antenna resonating with the electromagnetic waves radiated from the electromagnetic wave radiating device toward ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR IGNITING A COMBUSTIBLE GAS MIXTURE IN A COMBUSTION ENGINE

The invention relates to a method for igniting a combustible gas mixture in a combustion engine by means of an ignition system (17) including a spark plug (2) and a voltage transformer circuit (1). The voltage transformer circuit (1) encompasses a transformer (3), a primary circuit (4) in which a primary side (5) of the transformer (3) is arranged, and a secondary circuit (6) in which a secondary side (7) of the transformer (3) is disposed. Electric power is fed into the primary circuit (4) while a primary voltage U1 is applied to the primary side (5) of the transformer (3) and is transmitted into the secondary circuit (6) by closing a switch (11) such that a secondary voltage U2(t) is built up on the spark plug (2) connected to the secondary circuit (6) and an arc discharge is ignited when a critical ignition voltage value Uz has been reached. According to the invention, in order to quench the arc discharge, power is subsequently redirected from the secondary circuit (6) into the primary ...

ENGINE EQUIPPED WITH TURBOCHARGER

An engine equipped with: a turbocharger (20) containing a turbine (22) and a compressor (23); an EGR passage (45) connecting an exhaust passage upstream from the turbine (22) and an air intake passage (10) downstream from the compressor (23); an EGR valve (47) provided in the EGR passage (45); a bypass passage (42) that bypasses the turbine (22); and a waste gate valve (43) provided in the bypass passage (42). In this engine, when the supercharging pressure rises to a limit pressure a first supercharging pressure control is executed, whereby the EGR valve (47) is opened and the waste gate valve (43) is closed. After this first supercharging pressure control has begun, when the rotational speed of the engine has risen to a prescribed value a second supercharging control is executed, whereby the waste gate valve (43) is opened in addition to the EGR valve (47).

COMBUSTION STATE DETERMINATION DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

A spark ignition-type internal combustion engine (1) causes the interaction of a spark discharge, which is generated between a central electrode (22) and a ground electrode (23), and an electrical field generated through an antenna (16) facing the interior of a combustion chamber (6), thereby generating a plasma and igniting the plasma in a gaseous mixture. The combustion state determination device according to the present invention, which is used in this spark ignition-type internal combustion engine (1), determines the combustion state of the internal combustion engine (1) by comparing the intensity of the reflected wave of the electromagnetic wave applied from the antenna (16) to the interior of the combustion chamber (6) with a threshold value for the combustion state that has been obtained by means of prior experimentation. Thus, it is possible to determine the combustion state of a spark ignition-type internal combustion engine that causes the interaction of a spark discharge and ...

SPARK PLUG AND INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE

Provided is a spark plug (15) that has an antenna (54) for emitting high frequencies to a combustion chamber (20) of an internal-combustion engine (10), wherein the propagation velocity of the flames is augmented using high frequencies emitted from the antenna (54). The spark plug (15) has a spark plug body (30) and an antenna (54). The antenna (54) is provided on a tip-side surface of a roughly tubular second conductive member (33) within the spark plug body (30) that houses a cylindrical first conductive member (31) and a roughly tubular insulating member (32) within which the first conductive member (31) is provided.

Plasma ignition system for an internal combustion engine

A plasma ignition system for an engine having any number of engine cylinders, which comprises: (A) a plurality of plasma ignition plugs each mounted within a corresponding engine cylinder; (B) a first power supply unit for supplying a first electric power into each plasma ignition plug so as to generate a spark discharge within each plasma ignition plug; (C) a first switching circuit for sequentially connecting the first power supply unit to each plasma ignition plug according to a predetermined ignition order; (D) a second power supply unit for supplying a second electric power into each plasma ignition plug so as to generate a high-temperature plasma gas within each plasma ignition plug; and (E) a second switching circuit for sequentially connecting two of the plasma ignition plugs within the respective engine cylinders, one engine cylinder being at the start of an explosion stroke and the other engine cylinder being at almost end of an exhaust stroke, in a predetermined delay after the ...

Internal plasma-combustion engine system

An internal combustion engine system including an engine, timer/distributor device and a compliant electromagnetic device is disclosed. The engine may have one or more cylinders and includes an anode positioned above a cathodic piston whereby the anode delivers high intense short bursts of electrical energy through the combustion chamber and ignites fuel delivered by an injector. Each engine cylinder is connected to a distributor which sequences and delivers the high energy impulses from the compliant electromagnetic device to an individual cylinder when the piston is at or near top dead center. The compliant electromagnetic device includes an inductor, a power source and a field of material, i.e., the air/fuel mixture within the combustion chamber. The summed equivalence of the electromagnetic fields within the combustion chamber at any instant in time controls the intensity of the pulses and the quantity of pulses that are discharged by the anode. An alternative embodiment is provided ...

OPTIMIZATION OF THE EXCITATION FREQUENCY OF A RESONATOR

A device for controlling a power supply of a radio frequency ignition of a combustion engine, including: an interface that receives measurement signals of operating parameters of a combustion engine; an interface that outputs a control signal; a module that stores relationships between measurement signals and the frequency of a control signal to be generated; a module that determines the frequency of a control signal to be generated on the basis of measurement signals received on the reception interface and of the relationships stored; and a module that applies the control signal at the determined frequency.

CORONA IGNITION DEVICE WITH IMPROVED ELECTRICAL PERFORMANCE

A corona comprises a central electrode surrounded by an insulator, which is surrounded by a conductive component. The conductive component includes a shell and an intermediate part both formed of an electrically conductive material. The intermediate part is a layer of metal which brazes the insulator to the shell. An outer surface of the insulator presents a lower ledge, and the layer of metal can be applied to the insulator above the lower ledge prior to or after inserting the insulator into the shell. The conductive inner diameter is less than an insulator outer diameter directly below lower ledge such the insulator thickness increases toward the electrode firing end. The insulator outer diameter is also typically less than the shell inner diameter so that the corona igniter be forward-assembled.

DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE IONIZATION CURRENT IN A RADIO FREQUENCY IGNITION SYSTEM FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

A radiofrequency ignition device for an internal combustion engine, including: a supply circuit, including a transformer, a secondary winding of which is connected to a resonator including two electrodes configured to generate a spark so as to initiate combustion in a cylinder of the engine upon an ignition command, a measurement capacitor, connected in series between the secondary winding of the transformer and the resonator, and a measurement circuit measuring ionization current of the combustion gases, connected to the measurement capacitor and including a voltage generator with low input impedance, to provide a polarization voltage of the measurement capacitor so as to generate the ionization current, a first amplifier amplifying the ionization current and a measuring mechanism measuring a voltage representative of the amplified ionization current and connected at an output of the first amplifier.

IGNITION APPARATUS AND INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE

The present invention provides an ignition apparatus having a configuration in which a dielectric constant control means controls dielectric constant of mixture in a combustion/reaction field so as to allow resonance frequency of the mixture in the combustion/reaction field to resonate with frequency of the microwave radiated from a microwave radiation means. As a result, it is possible to efficiently increase temperature of the mixture when the microwave is radiated from the microwave radiation means.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

The present invention aims at effectively emitting an electromagnetic wave to a combustion chamber from an emission antenna in an internal combustion engine that promotes combustion of an air fuel mixture utilizing the electromagnetic wave. The present invention is directed to an internal combustion engine including: an internal combustion engine main body formed with a combustion chamber; and an electromagnetic wave emission device that emits an electromagnetic wave to the combustion chamber from an emission antenna. The internal combustion engine promotes combustion of the air fuel mixture by way of the electromagnetic wave emitted to the combustion chamber. The emission antenna is provided in an insulating member and extends along the partitioning surface. The insulating member is provided on a partitioning surface that partitions the combustion chamber. A ground conductor is provided in the insulating member on a side opposite to the combustion chamber in relation to the emission antenna ...

Multiple spark electronic ignition system

A multiple-spark electronic ignition system producing a timed sequence of a plurality of ignition sparks per cylinder compression cycle of an internal combustion engine. The system includes: a trigger pulse signal source; a control circuit that generates a plurality of timed ignition signals for each of the trigger pulses, preferably 3 to 20 signals, the frequency of the timed ignition signals being a function of the RPM of the engine; and an amplifying circuit which transforms the timed sequence of ignition pulses into a timed series of high energy ignition sparks.

PLASMA IGNITION DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

PURPOSE: To prevent irregular discharge and radio noises by connecting a diode and two ignition plugs on the secondary side of an ignition coil in series and injecting plasma energies simultaneously into these two ignition plugs. CONSTITUTION: A diode 10 and two ignition plugs 16 are connected on the secondary side of an ignition coil 8 in series, and a condenser 1 charged by a plasma ignition electric source 11 is connected between the diode 10 and ignition plugs 16 via the second diode 14. For example, in the case of a four-cylinder engine, pairs of ignition plugs 16a and 16b and 16c and 16d provided on cylinders of opposite phase mutually are respectively arranged in series and connected to two ignition coils 8a and 8b, a condenser 12 and others as illustrated. Then, sparks are simultaneously given to ignition plugs of two cylinders respectively in an ignition and an exhaust stroke, and plasma energies are injected into these two ignition plugs at the same time. This construction permits ...

SPARK-IGNITION CONTROL METHOD FOR SPARK-IGNITION INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spark-ignition control method for a spark-ignition internal combustion engine promoting spread of combustion after ignition. SOLUTION: The spark-ignition control method for a spark-ignition internal combustion engine including an ignition plug includes generating plasma by reacting a product formed during spark-ignition which is caused by high voltage to be applied to the ignition plug via an ignition coil connected to the ignition plug, with an electric field generated in a combustion chamber via the ignition plug by an electric field generation means, to ignite a gas mixture. The electric field is generated by using a positive pulsating flow. COPYRIGHT: (C)2012,JPO&INPIT ...

PLASMA-JET IGNITION DEVICE

PURPOSE: To achieve accurate ignition by connecting a spark ignition coil to a plasma ignition plug, and connecting a plasma-jet ignition circuit, which controls a discharge in accordance with the operating state of the engine, to the secondary circuit of the spark ignition coil. CONSTITUTION: An ignition plug 5 which is capable of both spark and plasma-jet ignition is threaded into the cylinder head 1 of an engine 1. The ignition plug 5 causes a discharge between center and external electrodes 6, 7 and ignites an air-fuel mixture in a combustion chamber 3 by causing air in a discharge space 10 to spit out of a nozzle hole 9. In this case, a microcomputer 12 which judges the operating state of the engine and then produces an ignition signal is disposed in an ignition circuit 11 so as to operate a spark ignition circuit 13 and a plasma-jet ignition circuit 14. The spark ignition circuit 13 has a distributor 15 and an ignition coil 16 disposed in the respective portions thereof. The plasma-jet ...

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ МОМЕНТА ЗАЖИГАНИЯ В ДВИГАТЕЛЯХ ВНУТРЕННЕГО СГОРАНИЯ

Изобретение относится к области двигателестроения, а именно к способам и устройствам электронного регулирования момента зажигания в двигателях внутреннего сгорания при совместной работе прерыватель-распределителя (трамблера), электронного блока и катушки зажигания, и может использоваться без ограничения на всех типах старых и серийно выпускаемых двигателях с механическими контактами и индукционными датчиками трамблера, а также во вновь разрабатываемых перспективных двигателях внутреннего сгорания. Сущность изобретения заключается в том, что начальный момент опережения зажигания на неработающем двигателе выставляется максимальным, соответствующим предельным оборотам данного типа двигателя, и вводится для холостого хода с помощью электронного блока, имеющего возможность октан-коррекции, максимальная задержка момента искрообразования, которая по мере роста оборотов коленчатого вала двигателя и степени разрежения во входном коллекторе уменьшается до требуемого значения.

Stabzündspule und Außenblech einer Stabzündspule

High-voltage generator circuit for a motor vehicle ignition system

A high-voltage generator circuit is specified for a motor vehicle ignition system, in which a current control circuit is inserted in series between a motor vehicle battery and a controlled high-frequency switch, in order to produce a linearly rising high-frequency ignition current across electrodes of spark plugs of an internal-combustion engine, in order that matching to shifts of an ignition spark holding voltage takes place, which shifts could be caused by changes in the operating conditions. In the case of an exemplary embodiment, a DC/DC voltage convertor is inserted in series between the battery and the current control circuit, for the upward transformation of the voltage applied to the current control circuit.

ZUENDANORDNUNG FUER BRENNKRAFTMASCHINEN

Spark ignition apparatus for internal combustion engines

... 1,077,061. Ignition systems. JOSEPH LUCAS (INDUSTRIES) Ltd. Nov.26, 1963 [Dec. 5, 1962; May 8, 1963; June 27, 1963], Nos. 45985/62; 18140/63 and 25576/63. Heading F1B. Spark ignition apparatus for an internal combustion engine comprises a spark generating circuit for supplying spark-generating pulses to the plugs of the engine in turn a trigger circuit coupled to the spark generating circuit and serving to permit the spark generating circuit to produce a single spark producing pulse each time the trigger circuit is biased by an input, a fixed frequency oscillator providing the biasing input to the trigger circuit and magnetic means driven by the engine for preventing the oscillator from providing the biasing input except when a spark is required. Referring to Figs. 1 to 3, when one of the slots 52 appears between the windings 25, 28 the circuit including the transformer 24 the resistor 29, capacitor 31 and transistor 26 oscillates in known manner to produce an A. C. voltage across the resistor ...

SPARK IGNITION SYSTEMS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

... 1445342 Ignition systems LUCAS ELECTRICAL Ltd 31 July 1973 [3 Aug 1972] 36221/72 Heading F1B A spark ignition system for an internal combustion engine comprises in combination an oscillator provided with both positive and negative feedback so that normally the oscillator does not oscillate, a spark producing circuit 39, 42, 45 which on receiving an input from the oscillator produces a spark at a plug (47) of the engine, means coupling the oscillator to the spark producing circuit and means (not shown) driven by the engine for increasing the positive feedback when a spark is required so as to cause the oscillator to operate, the oscillator including a transistor 16 having a first winding 21 in its base circuit and second and third windings 17 and 18 in its emitter circuit, the second and third windings being coupled to the first winding and providing respectively positive and negative feedback by way of the first winding to the base of the transistor and the means driven by the engine serving ...

PLASMA JET IGNITION APPARATUS

IGNITION ENERGY CONTROL METHOD AND SYSTEM

Controlling dwell in internal combustion engines

An ignition system with an ignition coil employs a power amplifier driven by a microprocessor for starting and interrupting coil current, in accordance with signals from an engine driven transducer. The power amplifier includes a current limiter, but this does not usually come into operation. Instead, the actual current flowing just before the instant of spark in each engine cycle is measured and the on time of the power amplifier is adjusted for the next cycle to cause the final current to approach a desired value less than the current limit value.

METHOD OF OPERATING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

High-frequency ignition system

An ignition system that develops continuous-wave high-frequency spark signals. It employs a square wave oscillator which uses a unitary magnetic circuit and includes a control winding that acts to start and stop the oscillator. The control winding has a gate-turn-off type silicon controlled rectifier in circuit with it, which provides superior control action.

Plasma ignition system

A plasma ignition system for an internal combustion engine which can prevent irregular ignition when the insulation between the electrodes of the spark plug deteriorates due to carbon on the electrodes, and further can prevent electrical noise from being emitted. The system according to the present invention comprises a plurality of independent plasma ignition energy storing condensers, switching units, and boosting transformers one each for each of the engine cylinder. In this system, a high tension is generated at the secondary coil of the boosting transformer to generate a spark between the electrodes of the plug and subsequently a large current is passed through the electrodes by the remaining energy stored in the condenser.

IGNITERS

IGNITION DEVICES

... 1486560 Ignition systems ASSOCIATED ENG Ltd 21 Nov 1974 [29 Nov 1973] 55443/73 Heading FIB [Also in Division F4] A spark ignition device suitable for use in internal combusion engines, gas turbine engines or oil-fired burners comprises first and second electrodes 16, 28 which define an annular gap 30 such that with a first potential applied between the electrodes, breakdown does not occur and a trigger electrode 12 which when a second potential is applied between it and one of the other electrodes, breakdown occurs between the first and second electrodes. The position of the third electrode can be adjusted. The electrodes are made of brass, copper or ferrous material with a silicon carbide or nickel alloy tip. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 1410471.

TRANSISTOR B-E VOLTAGE PROTECTION IN AN INVERTOR CIRCUIT

MULTIPLE-SPARK ELECTRONIC IGNITION SYSTEM

MINIATURE RAILGUN ENGINE IGNITOR

CAPACITOR DISCHARGE IGNITION SYSTEM

VOLTAGE DOUBLING COIL FOR CD SYSTEM PRODUCING PULSED PLASMA IGNITION

IGNITION SYSTEM WITH SPARK OSCILLATOR OPERATING DURATION DEPENDENT ON LOAD

CAPACITOR DISCHARGE IGNITION SYSTEM WITH CONTROLLED SPARK DURATION

IGNITION SYSTEMS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

ELECTRIC LIGHTER AND PROCEEDED Of LIGHTING OF GAS MIXTURES

IGNITION SYSTEM HAS JET OF PLASMA

Allumeur électrique et procédé d'allumage de mélanges gazeux.

L'INVENTION CONCERNE LES ALLUMEURS ELECTRIQUES. ELLE SE RAPPORTE A UN ALLUMEUR ELECTRIQUE DANS LEQUEL UN PETIT TUBE CAPILLAIRE 3, RELIE A LA TUYAUTERIE 35 D'ALIMENTATION EN CARBURANT DU MOTEUR ASSOCIE, TRANSMET UNE TOUTE PETITE QUANTITE DE COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDE DANS LA CAVITE 14, 15 DANS LAQUELLE UN PLASMA EST FORME PAR DECHARGE ENTRE LES ELECTRODES 11, 17. DE CETTE MANIERE, LA CONCENTRATION D'ESPECES A FAIBLE ENERGIE D'ACTIVATION EST ACCRUE DANS LE PLASMA PROJETE PAR L'ALLUMEUR. APPLICATION AUX ALLUMEURS DES MOTEURS A TURBINE A GAZ.

IGNITION SYSTEM AND SPARK PLUG

PLASMA GENERATING DEVICE

The present invention provides a plasma generating device that improves plasma generating efficiency for the power used and can further accommodate changes in plasma generating state because of changes in conditions of surroundings and the like. The present invention is a plasma generating device provided with an electromagnetic wave radiating device (13), which has an electromagnetic wave generating device (31) that oscillates electromagnetic waves and a radiating antenna (16) that radiates electromagnetic waves oscillated by the electromagnetic wave generating device (31), and a control device (35) that controls the electromagnetic wave radiating device (13). The plasma generating device is characterized by the electromagnetic wave radiating device (13) being provided with a power detector (15) that detects traveling wave power output by the electromagnetic wave generating device (31) and reflected wave power reflected from the radiating antenna (16) and the control device (35) automatically ...

CURRENT PROFILE OPTIMIZATION OF AN IGNITION SYSTEM

The subject matter of this specification can be embodied in, among other things, a method that includes receiving a collection of measurements of electric current amplitude in a primary winding of an engine ignition system having the primary winding and a spark plug, identifying an ignition start time, identifying an inflection point based on the plurality of measurements, determining an inflection point time representative of a time at which the identified inflection point occurred, determining a spark start time based on an amount of time between the ignition start time and the inflection point time, and providing a signal indicative of the spark start time.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

In the present invention, discharge plasma generated by a discharge device effectively absorbs the energy of electromagnetic waves radiated from an electromagnetic radiation device in an internal combustion engine with a combustion chamber in which a predetermined gas flow is produced. When igniting the air-fuel mixture by concurrently performing a discharge operation and a radiation operation, downstream of a discharge gap with respect to the direction of the gas flow in the discharge gap, the radiation position of electromagnetic waves from an antenna in the radiation operation faces the discharge plasma flowing as a result of the gas flow.

ACTIVATING PROCESS FOR GASOLINE-AIR MIXTURE AND EQUIPMENT THEREOF

An electric spark ignition type of internal combustion engine, wherein combustion efficiency is improved by stabilizing capacity discharge and activating a fuel-air mixture. Components for a capacitor, i.e., a metal (1) and an insulator (2), and a metal of a different kind (3) are provided in a secondary ignition circuit.

COMBUSTION INITIATION SYSTEM

A combustion initiation system includes an initiating device for producing, containing and propelling a combustion initiating plasma having an energy density approaching that produced by combustion of the fuel itself, and is suitable for initiating combustion in relatively lean mixtures of various types of fuels. A high voltage power supply (28) delivers electrical energy by a coaxial cable (58) to the initiating device (20) which communicates with a fuel mixture in a combustion area such as the combustion chamber of an ordinary internal combustion engine. The initiating device includes a capacitive portion (36) for storing a large quantity of electrical energy therein derived from the power supply, and an electrode portion integral with the capacitive portion which comprises a pair of concentric, rod shaped electrodes (30, 44) for producing a high energy, umbrella shaped plasma discharge, using the inverse pinch technique. Due to the close proximity between the capacitive and electrode ...

Failure diagnosis device for ignition circuit

A failure diagnosis device for an ignition circuit, comprising: an ignition plug; an ignition coil; a capacitor series connection including a high side capacitor and a low side capacitor; a switching-element series connection including a high side switching element and a low side switching element; an inter-terminal voltage detection unit for detecting an inter-terminal voltage of the capacitor series connection; an intermediate voltage detection unit for detecting an intermediate voltage at the connection point of the high side capacitor and the low side capacitor; and a determination unit for determining a failure location of the ignition circuit based on at least one of the inter-terminal voltage and the intermediate voltage.

Spark plug circuit

A spark plug circuit for, and a method of, reducing or preventing the corrosion of a spark plug electrodes in an internal combustion engine. The circuit and method provide a positive voltage across the center electrode/ground electrode gap, which repels positively charged corrosion mechanisms, such as calcium and phosphorus ions.

IGNITION PLUG AND IGNITION DEVICE

An erosion of an electrode is prevented in a spark plug that performs an ignition by use of a spark discharge and an electromagnetic wave. The spark plug that a pulse voltage for a spark discharge and an electromagnetic wave supplied into the spark discharge as an energy are applied to a center electrode, the spark plug comprises the center electrode, an insulator including an axis hole into which the center electrode is engaged, a ground electrode configured to form a space between the ground electrode and the center electrode in which the spark discharge is generated, and a cylindrical conductor that is arranged at an outer circumference of the insulator, and an annular member is formed at an inner circumference of the cylindrical conductor and at a position where a distance from a distal end surface of the cylindrical conductor is within a range between 1/8 wavelength and 1/4 wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

PLASMA GENERATING DEVICE, AND INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

To downsize an electromagnetic wave generation device in a plasma generation device that generates electromagnetic wave plasma by emitting to a target space an electromagnetic wave amplified by means of a solid state amplifying element. The plasma generation device includes the electromagnetic wave generation device that outputs the electromagnetic wave amplified by means of the solid state amplifying element, and an emission antenna for emitting the electromagnetic wave outputted from the electromagnetic wave generation device to the target space. The plasma generation device causes the emission antenna to emit the electromagnetic wave to the target space, thereby generating the electromagnetic wave plasma. The plasma generation device has a characteristic that an output waveform of the electromagnetic wave generation device has a peak during a rise, and is adapted to output the electromagnetic wave to the emission antenna without reducing the peak during the rise of the output waveform ...

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

To reduce the amount of exhausted unburned fuel and further improve fuel efficiency of an internal combustion engine 10 provided with an ignition device 12 that ignites fuel air mixture more forcefully than a spark discharge in a combustion chamber 20. The internal combustion engine 10 includes an internal combustion engine main body 11 formed with the combustion chamber 20 and the ignition device 12 that ignites the fuel air mixture more forcefully than the spark discharge in the combustion chamber 20. In addition, the internal combustion engine 10 includes an electromagnetic wave emission device 13 that emits an electromagnetic wave supplied from an electromagnetic wave oscillator 32 from an antenna 41. The electromagnetic wave emission device 13 emits the electromagnetic wave from the antenna 41, thereby creating an electric field for accelerating a propagation speed of a flame.

Corona ignition device having asymmetric firing tip

A corona ignition system for providing a corona discharge ( 24 ) includes an igniter ( 20 ) having an electrode ( 26 ) with an asymmetrical firing tip ( 28 ) relative to an electrode center axis (a e ). The firing tip ( 28 ) includes a first surface area (A 1 ) facing the fuel injector ( 42 ) which is greater than a second surface area (A 2 ) facing a cylinder block ( 32 ). The first surface area (A 1 ) presents a projection ( 60 ) having a sharp edge, and the second surface area (A 2 ) presents a round outward surface ( 62 ). Accordingly, a radio frequency electric field emitted from the first surface area (A 1 ) provides a robust corona discharge ( 24 ) in a flammable area at an outside edge ( 30 ) of the fuel spray. No electric field is emitted from the second surface area (A 2 ), and no power arcing occurs between the second surface area (A 2 ) and the cylinder block ( 32 ).

Method for Igniting a Fuel-Air Mixture of a Combustion Chamber, Particularly in an Internal Combustion Engine by Generating a Corona Discharge

The invention relates to a method for igniting a fuel-air mixture in an internal combustion engine. An electric transformer excites an oscillating circuit connected to a secondary winding of the transformer. A capacitor is formed by an ignition electrode together with the wall of a combustion chamber through which it extends. The excitation of the oscillating circuit is controlled by generating a corona discharge igniting the fuel-air mixture. Before each ignition time the voltage applied to a primary winding of the transformer is incrementally increased, and the intensity of the current flowing in the primary winding is measured repeatedly at the same primary voltage. The variation of the values of the related primary current is determined, and the incremental increase in the primary voltage is aborted at a value thereof at which the variation of the primary current intensity reaches or exceeds a predetermined limit.

Method for controlling a corona ignition device

The invention relates to a method for controlling a corona ignition device which, in a cyclically operating combustion engine, ignites a fuel-air mixture by means of a corona discharge originating from an ignition electrode in that by means of a primary voltage applied to a primary side of a DC/AC converter, an electrical oscillator circuit is excited, which oscillator circuit is connected to the ignition electrode, wherein the impedance on the primary side of the DC/AC converter is successively measured. According to the invention it is provided that by evaluating the impedance measurements, a time of the start of a corona discharge is determined, this time is compared with a target value, and the activation of the primary side of the DC/Ac converter is changed depending on a result of this comparison.

IGNITION SYSTEM AND SPARK PLUG

An ignition system having a spark plug, a discharge power supply, and an AC power supply. Voltage from the discharge power supply and AC power from the AC power supply are supplied to a spark discharge gap through an electrode of the spark plug. The AC power from the AC power supply is applied to a spark generated by the voltage from the discharge power supply in the spark discharge gap. 1. An ignition system comprising:a spark plug;a discharge power supply for applying voltage to the spark plug to generate a spark discharge; andan AC power supply for supplying AC power to a spark generated by the spark discharge, wherein an insulator having an axial hole extending in an axis direction thereof,', 'an electrode disposed in the axial hole and having a tip end located frontward of a tip end of the insulator in the axis direction,', 'a metal shell arranged on a periphery of the insulator, and', 'a ground electrode fixed to an end portion of the metal shell and forming a gap between the tip end portion of the electrode and the ground electrode,, 'the spark plug includes'}voltage from the discharge power supply and AC power from the AC power supply are supplied to the gap through the electrode, andthe AC power from the AC power supply is applied to a spark generated by the voltage from the discharge power supply in the gap.2. The ignition system according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , with a wavelength of the AC power set to λ(m) claim 1 , a protruding length of the tip end of the electrode from the tip end of the metal shell along the axis is set to λ/8 (m) or less.3. The ignition system according to or claim 1 , wherein an average value of the AC power to be applied to a spark at one spark discharge is set to 50 W or more and 500 W or less.4. The ignition system according to or claim 1 , wherein a size of the gap is set to 1.3 mm or less.5. The ignition system according to or claim 1 , wherein the insulator does not exist in an area with a radius of 1 mm from the ...

Ignition coil for internal combustion engine

An ignition coil for an internal combustion engine is provided which includes a body with a metallic hollow cylinder and a high-voltage portion joined to an end of the cylinder. The hollow cylinder has a primary winding and a secondary winding disposed therein. The high-voltage portion is made of a resin material and includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder disposed outside the inner cylinder through a gap. The inner cylinder has disposed therein a conductive elastic member which establishes an electric connection to a spark plug. A resinous insulator is disposed in a gap between the first and second cylinders. The resinous insulator is higher in insulation strength than the resin material of the high-voltage portion, thereby improving the degree of electric insulation between the metallic hollow cylinder and the conductive elastic member.

PLASMA GENERATION DEVICE

To suppress the reflection of an electromagnetic wave from a load in a plasma generation device that generates electromagnetic wave plasma by emitting the electromagnetic wave to a combustion chamber of an engine . The plasma generation device includes an electromagnetic wave oscillator that oscillates the electromagnetic wave, an antenna for emitting the electromagnetic wave oscillated by the electromagnetic wave oscillator to the combustion chamber of the engine , and a stub adjustment unit . The stub is provided on a transmission line for electromagnetic wave from the electromagnetic wave oscillator to the antenna . While the engine is operating, the stub adjustment unit adjusts a short circuit location on the stub based on the intensity of a reflected wave of the electromagnetic wave reflected from the antenna 1. A plasma generation device , comprising:an electromagnetic wave oscillator that oscillates an electromagnetic wave; andan antenna for emitting the electromagnetic wave oscillated by the electromagnetic wave oscillator to a combustion chamber of an engine, whereinthe plasma generation device generates electromagnetic wave plasma by way of the electromagnetic wave emitted from the antenna to the combustion chamber, a stub provided on a transmission line for electromagnetic wave from the electromagnetic wave oscillator to the antenna, and', 'a stub adjustment unit that adjusts, while the engine is operating, a short circuit location on the stub based on intensity of a reflected wave of the electromagnetic wave reflected from the antenna., 'the plasma generation device further includes'}2. The plasma generation device according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of switches each having one end connected to the stub and other end connected to a ground, the switches being spaced apart from one another at a distance in a longitudinal direction of the stub, and', 'a switch control device that performs a short circuit location adjustment operation of, while ...

PLASMA GENERATION DEVICE

In an plasma generation device that generates electromagnetic wave plasma by emitting electromagnetic waves to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine combustion is promoted by increasing the amount of gas to be brought into contact with the electromagnetic wave plasma in the combustion chamber An antenna extends along a ceiling surface of the combustion chamber The antenna is provided with an adjustment unit that changes the location of a strong electric field on the antenna which is supplied with the electromagnetic wave. During a generation period of the electromagnetic wave plasma, a control device controls the adjustment unit based on a condition of the combustion chamber and changes the location of the electromagnetic wave plasma. 112-. (canceled)13. A plasma generation device , comprising:an electromagnetic wave generator that generates electromagnetic waves to be emitted to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine;an antenna for emitting the electromagnetic wave supplied from the electromagnetic wave generator to the combustion chamber; anda control unit that controls the electromagnetic wave generator based on an operating condition of the internal combustion engine, and generates electromagnetic wave plasma by the electromagnetic wave emitted to the combustion chamber from the antenna, whereinthe antenna extends along a ceiling surface or a wall surface of the combustion chamber, and includes an adjustment unit that changes a location of a strong electric field, which has relatively strong electric field intensity, on a surface of the antenna, which is supplied with the electromagnetic wave, andthe control unit changes a location of the electromagnetic wave plasma by controlling the adjustment unit during a generation period of the electromagnetic wave plasma.14. The plasma generation device according to claim 13 , whereinthe internal combustion engine includes an injector that injects fuel to the combustion chamber, andthe ...

IGNITION DEVICE FOR IGNITING AN AIR/FUEL MIXTURE IN A COMBUSTION CHAMBER

An ignition device for igniting an air/fuel mixture in a combustion chamber, in particular of an internal combustion engine, having a spark plug which has a first electrode and a second electrode, having a high voltage source for generating an electrical high voltage pulse at an output of the high voltage source, and having a high frequency voltage source for generating an electrical high frequency alternating voltage at an output of the high frequency voltage source, wherein the output of the high voltage source is connected electrically to the first electrode of the spark plug via a first electrical conduction path in such a way that the high voltage pulse is present at the first electrode, wherein the output of the high frequency voltage source is connected electrically to the second electrode via a second electrical conduction path in such a way that the high frequency alternating voltage is present at the second electrode. 1. An ignition device for igniting an air/fuel mixture in a combustion chamber , with a spark plug having exactly two electrodes namely a first electrode and a second electrode , having a high voltage source for generating an electrical high voltage pulse at an output of the high voltage source and having a high frequency voltage source for generating an electrical high frequency alternating voltage at an output of the high frequency voltage source , wherein the output of the high voltage source is connected electrically to the first electrode of the spark plug via a first electrical conduction path in such a way that the high voltage pulse is present at the first electrode , and wherein the output of the high frequency voltage source is connected electrically to the second electrode via a second electrical conduction path in such a way that the high frequency alternating voltage is present at the second electrode.2. The ignition device of claim 1 , wherein the high voltage source is designed in the form of an ignition coil.3. The ignition ...

IGNITION DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

An ignition device for an internal combustion engine is provided which includes a spark plug and a controller. The spark plug has a housing with a head protruding into a combustion chamber of the engine. The head has at least a portion located downstream of a spark gap of the spark plug in an air-fuel mixture flow within the combustion chamber. The controller works to perform a plurality of discharge events in the spark plug in each cycle of an operation of the engine. This improves the ability of the spark plug to ignite the mixture without need to increase an ignition energy. 1. An ignition device for an internal combustion engine comprising:a spark plug equipped with a housing, a center electrode retained inside the housing, and a ground electrode which defines a spark gap between itself and the center electrode; anda controller which controls an operation of the spark plug,wherein the spark plug is mounted in an internal combustion engine with a head of the housing protruding from an inner surface of a combustion chamber into the combustion chamber,wherein the head of the housing protruding into the combustion chamber has at least a portion located downstream of the spark gap in a mixture flow within the combustion chamber, andwherein the controller works to perform a plurality of sequential discharge events in the spark plug in each cycle of an operation of the internal combustion engine.2. An ignition device for an internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the controller works to intentionally interrupt a first discharge event that is an earlier one of the two sequential discharge events before completion of the first discharge event.3. An ignition device for an internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the ground electrode has an upright portion extending away from a top end of a major body of the housing claim 1 , and wherein the upright portion and the spark gap are claim 1 , as viewed in an axial direction of the spark ...

SYSTEMS, METHODS, AND DEVICES WITH ENHANCED LORENTZ THRUST

Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed for delivery a fluidic substance using Lorentz forces. In one aspect, a method to accelerate particles into a chamber includes distributing a fluidic substance between electrodes configured at a location proximate a chamber, in which electrodes include a low work function material, generating a current of ionized particles by applying an electric field between the electrodes to ionize at least some of the fluidic substance, and producing a Lorentz force to accelerate the ionized particles into the chamber. In some implementations, the method further includes applying an electric potential on an antenna electrode interfaced at the port to induce a corona discharge into the chamber, in which the corona discharge ignites the ionized particles within the chamber. 1. A method to accelerate particles into a chamber , comprises:distributing a fluidic substance between electrodes configured at a location proximate a chamber, the electrodes comprising a low work function material;generating a current of ionized particles by applying an electric field between the electrodes to ionize at least some of the fluidic substance; andproducing a Lorentz force to accelerate the ionized particles into the chamber.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrode includes a coating formed of the low work function material coated over an underlying electrically conductive material.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the underlying electrically conducive material includes at least one of tungsten (W) claim 2 , gold (Au) claim 2 , platinum (Pt) claim 2 , tantalum (Ta) claim 2 , or a heat and oxidation resistant alloy.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the low work function material coating includes at least one of an intermetallic claim 2 , solid solution claim 2 , or compound including calcium (Ca) claim 2 , aluminum (Al) claim 2 , barium (Ba) claim 2 , thorium (Th) claim 2 , zirconium (Zr) claim 2 , or titanium (Ti).5. The method of claim 4 , ...

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND IGNITION CONTROL DEVICE FOR SUCH A METHOD

Described is a method for controlling an internal combustion engine, wherein an ignition control device is prompted by control signals of an engine control device to activate an ignition device by means of which an ignition of a fuel-air mixture in a cylinder of the internal combustion engine is affected. It is provided according to this disclosure, that the engine control device communicates a target ignition angle or information about an operating condition of the internal combustion engine to the ignition control device, and the ignition control device sets an operating parameter of the ignition device in dependence on the target ignition angle or the information about the operating condition of the internal combustion engine.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND METHOD OF IGNITING A FUEL

An internal combustion engine includes a fuel nozzle for injecting a fuel into a combustion chamber, and a plasma igniter for generating one or more pluralities of free radicals within the chamber, and initiating a flame to ignite the fuel. The igniter protrudes into the chamber. A method of igniting a fuel within a combustion chamber and controlling combustion phasing includes injecting a first portion of the fuel into the combustion chamber, energizing the plasma igniter to generate one or more pluralities of free radicals, each plurality having a known voltage, subsequently injecting a second portion of the fuel into the combustion chamber, and closely coupling activation of the plasma igniter with the second injection to ignite the fuel. Combustion phasing of the ignition event is controlled by controlling the number and voltage of the pluralities of free radicals generated by the plasma igniter. 1. A method of igniting a fuel within a combustion chamber defined by a cylinder block of an internal combustion engine , the method comprising:injecting a first portion of the fuel into the combustion chamber;wherein a plasma igniter extends through a cylinder head mated to the cylinder block and protrudes into the combustion chamber; energizing the plasma igniter generates a plurality of free radicals within the combustion chamber; and', 'activating the plasma igniter initiates a flame within the combustion chamber to ignite the fuel in the chamber;, 'wherein the plasma igniter is configured such that after injecting the first portion, energizing the plasma igniter to generate a first plurality of free radicals;', 'after generating the first plurality of free radicals, injecting a second portion of the fuel into the combustion chamber; and', 'after injecting the second portion, activating the plasma igniter to thereby ignite the fuel., 'the method further comprising2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:after generating the first plurality of free radicals and ...

EXTERNALLY POWERED HYBRID PROPULSION SYSTEM

A hybrid propulsion system for a vehicle comprises a propellant tank for providing a supply of propellant, a propellant heater, and an exhaust nozzle. The propellant tank is in fluid communication with the propellant heater and is configured for providing a flow of propellant to the propellant heater. The propellant heater is in fluid communication with the propellant tank and the nozzle and initially comprises a supply of oxidizer that is configured for reacting chemically with the propellant to produce heat. The propellant heater is further configured for receiving a beam of microwave energy and facilitating transmission of the beam of microwave energy to the propellant. The nozzle is in fluid communication with the propellant heater and is configured for receiving a flow of propellant from the propellant heater, for accelerating the propellant, and for expelling the propellant so as to produce thrust. 1. A hybrid propulsion system for a vehicle , the hybrid propulsion system comprising:a propellant tank for providing a flow of propellant;a propellant heater; andan exhaust nozzle;the propellant tank being in fluid communication with the propellant heater and configured for providing a flow of propellant to the propellant heater;the propellant heater being in fluid communication with the propellant tank and the exhaust nozzle and initially comprising a quantity of oxidizer, the quantity of oxidizer being configured for reacting chemically with the flow of propellant to produce heat;the propellant heater being further configured for receiving a beam of microwave energy and facilitating transmission of the beam of microwave energy to the flow of propellant; andthe exhaust nozzle being in fluid communication with the propellant heater and being for receiving a flow of propellant from the propellant heater, for accelerating the flow of propellant, and for expelling the flow of propellant so as to produce thrust.2. The hybrid propulsion system of claim 1 , wherein the ...

CONTROL DEVICE OF PLASMA IGNITION APPARATUS AND PLASMA IGNITION APPARATUS

A control device of a plasma ignition apparatus according to an embodiment includes a plug socket, an oscillation unit, and an amplification unit. The plug socket holds an ignition plug, and a high voltage generated by an ignition coil is transmitted to the ignition plug through the plug socket. The oscillation unit oscillates a high frequency. The amplification unit amplifies the high frequency oscillated by the oscillation unit. The oscillation unit is arranged outside of the plug socket and the amplification unit is arranged inside of the plug socket. 1. A control device of a plasma ignition apparatus , the control device comprising:a plug socket that holds an ignition plug and through which a high voltage generated by an ignition coil is transmitted to the ignition plug;an oscillation unit that oscillates a high frequency; andan amplification unit that amplifies the high frequency oscillated by the oscillation unit, whereinthe oscillation unit is arranged outside of the plug socket and the amplification unit is arranged inside of the plug socket.2. The control device of the plasma ignition apparatus according to claim 1 , the control device further comprising:a high-frequency transmission path through which the high frequency amplified by the amplification unit is transmitted; andan antenna that is connected to the high-frequency transmission path, the antenna outputting the high frequency, whereinthe antenna and the high-frequency transmission path are arranged inside of the plug socket.3. The control device of the plasma ignition apparatus according to claim 2 , whereinthe antenna includes a loop antenna, andthe antenna is provided at a position at which the antenna is fitted to an outer periphery part of an insulator included in the ignition plug when the ignition plug is hold by the plug socket.4. The control device of the plasma ignition apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein an internal conductor that is arranged inside of the plug socket and through ...

Ignition control apparatus

An ignition control apparatus applied to an internal combustion engine including a spark plug includes an in-cylinder pressure acquisition section, a frequency signal transmitting section which transmits a frequency signal having a predetermined frequency to a switching element, and a weak discharge generating section which causes the frequency signal to be transmitted during an intake stroke and controls the frequency signal such that a weak discharge is generated at the spark plug a plurality of times. The weak discharge generating section controls the frequency signal so as to cause a duty ratio of the switching element to be changed in accordance with the in-cylinder pressure, such that the frequency of generating weak discharges during a time period in which the frequency signal is transmitted becomes higher than a predetermined frequency.

Combustion Environment Diagnostics

An apparatus comprises a coaxial cavity resonator; a radio frequency power source coupled to the coaxial cavity resonator; a direct current power source coupled to the coaxial cavity resonator; a combustion process feedback module configured to sense a condition in a combustion environment by measuring a characteristic of the coaxial cavity resonator; and a controller configured to modulate operation of the coaxial cavity resonator based at least in part on combustion process feedback information from the combustion process feedback module. 122-. (canceled)23. An apparatus for igniting a combustible mixture , comprising:a coaxial cavity resonator configured to create a plasma discharge;a radio frequency power source coupled to the coaxial cavity resonator;a direct current power source coupled to the coaxial cavity resonator;a combustion process feedback module configured to sense a condition in a combustion environment by measuring a characteristic of the coaxial cavity resonator; anda controller configured to modulate operation of the coaxial cavity resonator based at least in part on combustion process feedback information from the combustion process feedback module.24. The apparatus of claim 23 , further comprising an internal combustion engine and wherein the combustion environment is a cylinder of the internal combustion engine.25. The apparatus of claim 24 , wherein the controller is further configured to modulate operation of the coaxial cavity resonator during a single combustion cycle based at least in part on the combustion process feedback information from the combustion process feedback module.26. The apparatus of claim 25 , further comprising a motor vehicle configured to be powered by the internal combustion engine.27. The apparatus of claim 26 , wherein the motor vehicle is an automobile that includes a chassis supporting the internal combustion engine claim 26 , a transmission driven by the internal combustion engine claim 26 , a drive axle driven by ...

VEHICLE

A vehicle that can cool an ignition coil is provided. The vehicle has an engine having a cylinder head and an ignition coil with a first end exposed from the cylinder head, a CVT that varies and outputs rotary power from the engine, and an exhaust duct having a first exhaust port for exhausting a gas within a CVT case to outside of the CVT case, and a second exhaust port for exhausting a part of the gas flowing to the first exhaust port to outside of the CVT case, wherein the second exhaust port is provided for exhausting the gas within the CVT case to at least a part of the first end of the ignition coil. 1. A vehicle comprising:an engine having a cylinder head and a first ignition coil with a first end exposed from the cylinder head;a continuously variable transmission that varies and outputs rotary power from the engine; andan exhaust duct having a first exhaust port for exhausting a gas within a case of the continuously variable transmission to outside of the continuously variable transmission, and a second exhaust port for exhausting a part of the gas flowing to the first exhaust port to outside of the continuously variable transmission,wherein the second exhaust port is provided for exhausting the gas within the case of the continuously variable transmission to at least a part of the first end of the first ignition coil.2. The vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein at least the part of the first end of the first ignition coil is placed on an extension of the second exhaust port in a direction orthogonal to an opening surface of the second exhaust port.3. The vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the exhaust duct has a projecting portion projecting outward from an outer circumferential surface thereof and provided above the second exhaust port.4. The vehicle according to claim 3 , wherein at least a part of the projecting portion is at the same height as that of at least the part of the first ignition coil.5. The vehicle according to claim 3 , wherein at least ...

IGNITION DEVICE

A step-up transformer, an oscillator, and an ignition plug are comprised. The step-up transformer has a primary winding, a secondary winding, and a core. The ignition plug is connected to a first end of the secondary winding. A gap is formed in the core. The step up transformed is provided with a shielding part which is made of a conductive material and shields the magnetic flux leaking from the gap. A second end of the secondary winding is electrically connected to the shielding part. 1. An ignition device comprising:a step-up transformer including a primary winding, a secondary winding, and a core made of a soft magnetic material having a gap;an oscillator connected to the primary winding;an ignition plug connected to a first end of the secondary winding; anda shielding part made of a conductive material and shielding magnetic flux leaking from the gap, whereinthe ignition device is configured to cause the ignition plug to generate discharge by applying an alternating voltage to the primary winding by the oscillator, and causes a secondary voltage generated in the secondary winding to resonate, and a second end of the secondary winding, which is the end opposite to the first end, is electrically connected to the shielding part.2. The ignition device according to claim 1 , comprising a case for housing the step-up transformer claim 1 , wherein at a least a part of the case constitutes the shielding part.3. The ignition device according to claim 1 , wherein the second end of the secondary winding and the shielding part are grounded.4. The ignition device according to claim 1 , wherein a magnetic permeability of the core and a width of the gap of the core are determined so as to satisfy the following equations claim 1 , where η is a gain of the secondary voltage due to resonance claim 1 , fis a driving resonance frequency which is a resonance frequency of the secondary voltage when the ignition plug is generating the discharge claim 1 , and fis a self-resonance ...

HIGH FREQUENCY GENERATING DEVICE AND HIGH FREQUENCY GENERATING METHOD USED IN PLASMA IGNITION APPARATUS

A high frequency generating device used in a plasma ignition apparatus according to an embodiment includes a high frequency output unit, an output control unit, a current detecting unit, and an abnormality detecting unit. The high frequency output unit outputs a high frequency. The output control unit shifts a state of the high frequency output unit from a non-output state to an output-ready state of the high frequency. The current detecting unit detects a current that flows through a power-supply path to the high frequency output unit. The abnormality detecting unit detects output abnormality of the high frequency in the non-output state when a value of a current detected by the current detecting unit in the non-output state exceeds a non-output threshold. 1. A high frequency generating device used in a plasma ignition apparatus , the high frequency generating device comprising: an oscillation unit that oscillates a high frequency; and', 'an amplification unit that amplifies the high frequency oscillated by the oscillation unit;, 'a high frequency output unit includingan output control unit that shifts a state of the oscillation unit from an oscillation disabled state to an oscillation enabled state of the high frequency to shift a state of the high frequency output unit from a non-output state to an output-ready state of the high frequency in accordance with timing at which an ignition signal that controls a spark discharge of an ignition plug is output;a current detecting unit that is provided on a power-supply path to the high frequency output unit, the current detecting unit detecting a current that flows through the power-supply path; andan abnormality detecting unit that detects output abnormality of the high frequency based on a detection result of the current detecting unit, whereinthe abnormality detecting unit detects output abnormality of the high frequency in the non-output state when a value of a current detected by the current detecting unit in the ...

IGNITION SYSTEM FOR TANDEM-TYPE HYBRID VEHICLE

An ignition system for a tandem-type hybrid vehicle. The tandem-type hybrid vehicle comprises a plurality of engines (). The ignition system comprises: a plurality of ignition coils (), each of the engines being configured to have at least one of the ignition coils, and each of the ignition coils comprising a primary winding and a secondary winding which are mutually matched; a single igniter () provided with a plurality of output ports () with the quantity corresponding to that of the plurality of ignition coils, each of the output ports being connected to the primary winding of one corresponding ignition coil so as to control the connection and disconnection of a current in the primary winding of the ignition coil; and an electronic control unit () for determining, according to a current power demand of the tandem-type hybrid vehicle, the engine to be started in the plurality of engines, determining the ignition coil to be boosted in the ignition coils in the engine to be started and issuing a corresponding ignition instruction, wherein the single igniter controls, according to the ignition instruction, the connection and disconnection of the current in the primary winding of the corresponding ignition coil to be boosted. 1. An ignition system for a tandem-type hybrid vehicle , the tandem-type hybrid vehicle comprising a plurality of engines , the ignition system comprising:a plurality of ignition coils, each of the engines being configured to have at least one of the ignition coils, and each of the ignition coils comprising a primary winding and a secondary winding which are mutually matched;a single igniter provided with a plurality of output ports with the quantity corresponding to that of the plurality of ignition coils, each of the output ports being connected to the primary winding of one corresponding ignition coil so as to control the connection and disconnection of a current in the primary winding of the ignition coil; andan electronic control unit for ...

IGNITION DEVICE FOR AN EXTRANEOUSLY IGNITING COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINE

An ignition device for an extraneously igniting combustion piston engine with an ignition chamber located between a cylinder head and a piston, wherein the cylinder head has an end surface which defines the ignition chamber and which is at least partially formed as a cylinder head electrode, and wherein an ignition chamber electrode is disposed within the ignition chamber and forms an ignition gap with the cylinder head electrode. 1. Ignition device for an extraneously igniting combustion piston engine with an ignition chamber located between a cylinder head and a piston , wherein the cylinder head has an end surface which defines the ignition chamber and which is at least partially formed as a cylinder head electrode , and wherein an ignition chamber electrode is disposed within the ignition chamber and forms an ignition gap with the cylinder head electrode.2. Ignition device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the end surface of the cylinder head claim 1 , in the region of the cylinder head electrode claim 1 , has a protrusion into the ignition chamber.3. Ignition device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ignition gap makes up at least one quarter of the extent of the ignition chamber along a movement axis.4. Ignition device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ignition chamber electrode is disposed closer to the top dead centre of the piston than it is to the cylinder head electrode.5. Ignition device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ignition chamber electrode is disposed at a bounding surface of the ignition chamber claim 1 , which is defined by the top dead-centre of the piston.6. Ignition device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ignition chamber electrode is formed to match an upper piston end surface.7. Ignition device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ignition chamber electrode is formed as a grid.8. Ignition device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ignition chamber electrode has at least one aperture for an inlet valve and/or an outlet valve of the ...

COMBUSTION ENVIRONMENT DIAGNOSTICS

An apparatus comprises a coaxial cavity resonator; a radio frequency power source coupled to the coaxial cavity resonator; a direct current power source coupled to the coaxial cavity resonator; a combustion process feedback module configured to sense a condition in a combustion environment by measuring a characteristic of the coaxial cavity resonator; and a controller configured to modulate operation of the coaxial cavity resonator based at least in part on combustion process feedback information from the combustion process feedback module. 122-. (canceled)23. An apparatus for igniting a combustible mixture , comprising:a coaxial cavity resonator configured to create a plasma discharge;a radio frequency power source coupled to the coaxial cavity resonator;a direct current power source coupled to the coaxial cavity resonator;a combustion process feedback module configured to sense a condition in a combustion environment by measuring a characteristic of the coaxial cavity resonator; anda controller configured to modulate operation of the coaxial cavity resonator based at least in part on combustion process feedback information from the combustion process feedback module.24. The apparatus of claim 23 , further comprising an internal combustion engine and wherein the combustion environment is a cylinder of the internal combustion engine.25. The apparatus of claim 24 , wherein the controller is further configured to modulate operation of the coaxial cavity resonator during a single combustion cycle based at least in part on the combustion process feedback information from the combustion process feedback module.26. The apparatus of claim 25 , further comprising a motor vehicle configured to be powered by the internal combustion engine.27. The apparatus of claim 26 , wherein the motor vehicle is an automobile that includes a chassis supporting the internal combustion engine claim 26 , a transmission driven by the internal combustion engine claim 26 , a drive axle driven by ...

HIGH FREQUENCY PLASMA IGNITION DEVICE

A high frequency plasma ignition device for the ignition of a fuel/air mixture in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, having a series resonant circuit of an electric inductor and an electric capacitor connected in series, and a high frequency generator with a first electrical terminal and a second electrical terminal for the resonant excitation of the series resonant circuit, a first electrical contact point being provided in which one end of the capacitor and one end of the inductor are connected to one another electrically. An electrical connecting device connects the high-frequency generator to the inductor and to the capacitor such that an output signal of the high-frequency generator is applied to the series resonant circuit. An electric voltage is applied across the capacitor for igniting a plasma between free ends of a first and second electrode. An electric voltage is further applied to maintain the plasma after ignition. 1. A high frequency plasma ignition device for the ignition of a fuel/air mixture in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine , comprising:a resonant series circuit having an inductive portion and a capacitive portion connected in series;a high-frequency generator having a first electrical terminal and a second electrical terminal for the resonant excitation of a resonant series circuit;a first electrical contact point being provided at which one end of the capacitive portion and one end of the inductive portion are connected together electrically;the capacitive portion having a second electrical contact point at an end which is remote from the first contact point and the inductive portion having a third electrical contact point at an end which is remote from the first contact point;an electrical connecting device being provided which connects the first terminal of the high-frequency generator to the third contact point electrically and the second terminal of the high-frequency generator to the second contact ...

Ignition device controlling streamer discharge and arc discharge

An ignition device includes: an ignition plug producing plasma discharge between a pair of discharge electrodes of an ignition plug; an ignition coil provided with a primary coil and a secondary coil, the secondary coil applying voltage between the pair of discharge electrodes; a voltage applying unit applying alternating current voltage to the primary coil, a frequency of the alternating current voltage being set to produce voltage resonance in a circuit including the ignition plug and the secondary coil. The voltage applying unit sets an output period of the alternating current voltage to be longer than a first period at which a partial breakdown start to occur at the pair of discharge electrodes, and shorter than a second period at which a total breakdown occurs at the pair of discharge electrodes, when an air/fuel ratio is lower than a predetermined threshold.

Internal combustion engine

To improve a propagation speed of a flame by effectively utilizing energy of the electromagnetic wave in the combustion chamber in an internal combustion engine that promotes combustion of fuel air mixture in a combustion chamber by means of an electromagnetic wave. The internal combustion engine includes, in addition to an internal combustion engine main body and an ignition device, an electromagnetic wave emission device and a control device. The electromagnetic wave emission device emits an electromagnetic wave to the combustion chamber while the flame is being propagated after ignition of the fuel air mixture. The control device controls a frequency of the electromagnetic wave emitted to the combustion chamber in view of a resonant frequency of the combustion chamber in accordance with an operation condition of the internal combustion engine main body or a propagation condition of the flame.

IGNITION DEVICE FOR IGNITING AN AIR/FUEL MIXTURE IN A COMBUSTION CHAMBER

An ignition device for igniting an air-fuel mixture in a combustion chamber, in particular an internal combustion engine, having a spark plug, which has a first electrode and a second electrode, and a high voltage source for generating an electrical high voltage pulse at an output of the high voltage source and having a high frequency voltage source for generating an electrical high frequency alternating voltage at an output of the high frequency voltage source, wherein the output of the high voltage source is electrically connected to the first electrode of the spark plug via a first electrical conductor path such that the high voltage pulse is applied to the first electrode, wherein the second electrode is electrically connected to an electrical ground potential, wherein the spark plug has a third electrode, wherein the output of the high frequency voltage source is electrically connected to the third electrode via a second electrical conductor path, such that the high frequency alternating voltage is applied to the third electrode. 1. An ignition device for igniting an air/fuel mixture in a combustion chamber , having a spark plug which has a first electrode and a second electrode , having a high voltage source for generating an electrical high voltage pulse at an output of the high voltage source and having a high frequency voltage source for generating an electrical high frequency alternating voltage at an output of the high frequency voltage source , wherein the output of the high voltage source is electrically connected to the first electrode of the spark plug via a first electrical conductor path such that the high voltage pulse is applied to the first electrode , wherein the second electrode is electrically connected to an electrical ground potential , wherein the spark plug has a third electrode , and wherein the output of the high frequency voltage source is electrically connected to the third electrode via a second electrical conductor path such that the ...

PLASMA GENERATING DEVICE, AND INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

To downsize an electromagnetic wave generation device in a plasma generation device that generates electromagnetic wave plasma by emitting to a target space an electromagnetic wave amplified by means of a solid state amplifying element. The plasma generation device includes the electromagnetic wave generation device that outputs the electromagnetic wave amplified by means of the solid state amplifying element, and an emission antenna for emitting the electromagnetic wave outputted from the electromagnetic wave generation device to the target space. The plasma generation device causes the emission antenna to emit the electromagnetic wave to the target space, thereby generating the electromagnetic wave plasma. The plasma generation device has a characteristic that an output waveform of the electromagnetic wave generation device has a peak during a rise, and is adapted to output the electromagnetic wave to the emission antenna without reducing the peak during the rise of the output waveform. 1. A plasma generation device comprising an electromagnetic wave generation device outputting an electromagnetic wave amplified by a solid state amplifying element , and an emission antenna for emitting the electromagnetic wave outputted from the electromagnetic wave generation device to a target space , the plasma generation device generating electromagnetic wave plasma by emitting the electromagnetic wave to the target space from the emission antenna , whereinthe electromagnetic wave generation device has a characteristic that an output waveform of the electromagnetic wave outputted by the electromagnetic wave generation device has a peak during a rise, and is adapted to output the electromagnetic wave to the emission antenna without reducing the peak during the rise of the output waveform.2. The plasma generation device according to claim 1 , whereinthe plasma generation device includes a peak enhancement unit that enhances an output of the electromagnetic wave generation device ...

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

The present invention aims at effectively improving a propagation speed of a flame utilizing an electromagnetic wave in an internal combustion engine that promotes combustion of an air fuel mixture utilizing the electromagnetic wave. The present invention is directed to an internal combustion engine including: an internal combustion engine main body formed with a combustion chamber; and an ignition device that ignites the air fuel mixture in the combustion chamber, wherein combustion cycles, in which the ignition device ignites and combusts the air fuel mixture, are repeated. The internal combustion engine further includes: an electromagnetic wave emission device that emits an electromagnetic wave to the combustion chamber from the emission antenna; a flame propagation estimation part that performs an estimation operation of estimating a propagation condition of a flame while the flame is propagating in the combustion chamber; and a control unit that controls the electromagnetic wave emission device based on an estimation result of the estimation operation. 1. An internal combustion engine comprising an internal combustion engine main body formed with a combustion chamber; and an ignition device that ignites an air fuel mixture in the combustion chamber , wherein combustion cycles , in which the ignition device ignites and combusts the air fuel mixture , are repeated , the internal combustion engine further comprises:an electromagnetic wave emission device that emits an electromagnetic wave to the combustion chamber from an emission antenna;a flame propagation estimation unit that performs an estimation operation of estimating a propagation condition of a flame during a flame propagation in the combustion chamber; anda control unit that controls the electromagnetic wave emission device based on an estimation result of the estimation operation.2. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1 , whereinwhile the flame is propagating during one combustion cycle, ...

IGNITION CONTROL AND SYSTEM FOR AN ENGINE OF AN UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV)

The ignition system () of an engine (particularly for a UAV) has a primary (), and a secondary () ignition system to provide redundancy for ‘get you home’ capability should the primary ignition system fail. The secondary ignition provides a lower energy or shorter duration spark than the higher energy or longer duration sparking of the primary ignition system, and is retarded relative to primary sparking. Timing of the secondary sparking can be advanced in the event of primary sparking failure. Fuelling strategy can be shifted from a leaner stratified charge to a richer homogenous charge when relying just on the secondary ignition system for ignition. The secondary ignition system can be of a lower spark energy and/or duration than the primary ignition system, avoiding the cost, complexity and weight of replicating the primary ignition system, and to improve packaging within the engine housing, particularly within the limited payload and space limits of a UAV. 1. An ignition system for a spark ignited engine for a UAV , the ignition system including a primary ignition system and a secondary ignition system , the primary ignition system configured to provide an ignition spark of a first spark energy or spark duration for combustion of a fuel-air mixture during normal operating conditions of the engine , the secondary ignition system configured to provide an ignition spark of a second spark energy or spark duration to ignite the fuel-air mixture in the event that the primary ignition system is inoperative or partially operative , wherein the second spark energy or spark duration capability of the secondary ignition system is less than the respective first spark energy or spark duration capability of the primary ignition system.2. (canceled)3. The ignition system of claim 1 , wherein the primary ignition system includes an inductive coil and the secondary ignition system includes a capacitive discharge coil.4. The ignition system of claim 1 , wherein the primary ...

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND PLASMA GENERATION PROVISION

An internal combustion engine has an internal combustion engine body formed with a combustion chamber and an ignition device that ignites an air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber. Repetitive combustion cycles, including ignition of the air-fuel mixture by the ignition device and combustion of the air-fuel mixture, are executed. The internal combustion engine further has an electromagnetic (EM) wave-emitting device that emits EM radiation to the combustion chamber; a plurality of receiving antennas located on a zoning material that defines the combustion chamber, where the antennas resonate to the EM radiation emitted to the combustion chamber from the EM wave-emitting device; and a switching means that switches the receiving antenna resonating to the EM radiation emitted to the combustion chamber from the EM wave-emitting device among the plurality of receiving antennas. 1. An internal combustion engine including an internal combustion engine body formed with a combustion chamber and an ignition device igniting an air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber , wherein repetitive combustion cycles , including ignition of the air-fuel mixture by the ignition device and combustion of the air-fuel mixture , are executed , the internal combustion engine comprising:an EM wave-emitting device that emits EM radiation to the combustion chamber,a plurality of receiving antennas located on a zoning material that defines the combustion chamber, where the antennas resonate to the EM radiation emitted to the combustion chamber from the EM wave-emitting device, anda switching means which switches the receiving antenna resonating to the EM radiation emitted to the combustion chamber from the EM wave-emitting device among a plurality of receiving antennas.2. The internal combustion engine of claim 1 , whereinthe EM wave-emitting device is configured such that the frequency of EM radiation is controllable,the resonance frequency to the EM radiation is mutually different among the ...

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

An internal combustion engine includes an internal combustion engine body formed with a combustion chamber, and an ignition device to ignite an air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber. Repetitive combustion cycles, including the ignition of the air-fuel mixture by the ignition device and combustion of the air-fuel mixture, are executed. The internal combustion engine further has an electromagnetic (EM) wave-emitting device that emits EM radiation to the combustion chamber; a plurality of receiving antennas located on an outer circumference side of the zoning material that defines the combustion chamber; antenna which resonate with to the EM radiation that is emitted into the combustion chamber from the EM-wave-emitting device; and a control means which controls the EM-wave-emitting device such that the radiating antenna emits EM radiation into the combustion chamber while a flame caused by the ignition of the air-fuel mixture propagates. 1. An internal combustion engine including an internal combustion engine body formed with a combustion chamber , and an ignition device igniting an air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber , wherein repetitive combustion cycles including ignition of the air-fuel mixture by the ignition device and combustion of the air-fuel mixture , are executed , the internal combustion engine comprising:an electromagnetic (EM) wave-emitting device that emits EM radiation to the combustion chamber;a plurality of receiving antennas located on the outer circumference of the zoning material that defines the combustion chamber; the antennas resonate with the EM radiation emitted to the combustion chamber from the EM-wave-emitting device; anda control means which controls the EM-wave-emitting device such that the radiating antenna emits EM radiation to the combustion chamber while a flame caused by ignition of the air-fuel mixture propagates.2. The internal combustion engine of claim 1 , whereina plurality of receiving antennas is located on the ...

LASER SPARK PLUG AND COOLER FOR A LASER SPARK PLUG

A laser spark plug configured to be installed into a plug shaft of an internal combustion engine, and to focus laser ignition energy into the combustion chamber via combustion chamber-side, and thus proximal end, of the laser spark plug has, at a distal end of the laser spark plug opposite to the proximal end, a connecting unit for detachable mechanical and thermal connection to a cooler, the connecting unit being designed to permit the connecting and the disconnecting of the cooler when the laser spark plug is installed in the plug shaft. 127-. (canceled)28. A laser spark plug configured to be installed in a plug shaft of an internal combustion engine and to focus laser ignition energy into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine via a proximal end of the laser spark plug on a combustion chamber-side , the internal combustion engine having a cooler , the laser spark plug comprising:a laser device; anda first connecting unit positioned at a distal end of the laser spark plug opposite to the proximal end, wherein the first connecting unit is configured for detachable mechanical and thermal connection to the cooler, the first connecting unit being configured to provide selective connecting and disconnecting of the cooler when the laser spark plug is installed in the plug shaft.29. The laser spark plug as recited in claim 28 , wherein:the laser device has an ignition laser and a pump source; andthe laser spark plug has a length in which the distal end, in the installed state, is at a distance from a sealing seat in the plug shaft which is less than 230 mm and greater than 80 mm.30. The laser spark plug as recited in claim 29 , wherein a greatest diameter of the laser spark plug is less than 50 mm.31. The laser spark plug as recited in claim 29 , further comprising a second connecting unit positioned at the distal end of the laser spark plug for detachable electrical connection of the laser spark plug.32. The laser spark plug as recited in claim 31 , ...

SPARK IGNITION INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

An spark ignition type internal combustion engine allows the spark discharge by the ignition plug to react with the electric field created in the combustion chamber and generates the plasma, thereby igniting the fuel air mixture to reduce the emission of the unburned fuel and to improve fuel efficiency of the internal combustion engine in a spark ignition type internal combustion engine that allows an electric field created in a combustion chamber to react with a spark discharge by an ignition plug and generates plasma, thereby igniting fuel air mixture. The engine includes an electromagnetic wave emission device that emits an electromagnetic wave in the combustion chamber when the fuel air mixture is combusted, and a protruding member protruding from a partitioning surface that partitions the combustion chamber. At least a part of the protruding member is made of a conductor. 1. A spark ignition type internal combustion engine that allows an electric field created in a combustion chamber to react with a spark discharge by an ignition plug and generates plasma , thereby igniting fuel air mixture , comprising:an electromagnetic wave emission device that emits an electromagnetic wave in the combustion chamber when the fuel air mixture is combusted; anda protruding member protruding from a partitioning surface that partitions the combustion chamber, wherein at least a part of the protruding member is made of a conductor.2. The spark ignition type internal combustion engine according to claim 1 , whereinthe electromagnetic wave emission device emits the electromagnetic wave when the spark discharge occurs.3. The spark ignition type internal combustion engine according to claim 1 , whereinthe electromagnetic wave emission device emits the electromagnetic wave after the fuel air mixture is ignited by the plasma generated by the reaction of the spark discharge with the electric field.4. The spark ignition type internal combustion engine according to claim 1 , whereinthe ...

RF POWER AMPLIFICATION AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS, PLASMA IGNITION SYSTEMS, AND METHODS OF OPERATION THEREFOR

An embodiment of a plasma ignition system for an internal combustion engine having up to N cylinders includes a power splitter, N phase shifters, N amplifiers, a power combiner network, and up to N radiation devices. The power splitter divides an input RF signal into N divided RF signals. Each phase shifter applies one of multiple pre-determined phase shifts to one of the N divided RF signals to produce N phase shifted RF signals. The N amplifiers amplify the N phase shifted RF signals to produce N amplified, phase shifted RF signals. The power combiner network combines the N amplified, phase shifted RF signals to produce N output RF signals. Each of the radiation devices receives one of the N output RF signals, and produces a plasma discharge when a power level of the output RF signal is sufficiently high. 1. A system comprising:N amplifiers, wherein each amplifier of the N amplifiers is configured to receive one of N phase shifted radio frequency (RF) signals, and the N amplifiers are further configured to amplify the N phase shifted RF signals to produce N amplified, phase shifted RF signals; anda power combiner network having N input ports and N output ports, wherein each of the N input ports is coupled to an output of one of the N amplifiers, and wherein the power combiner network is configured to combine the N amplified, phase shifted RF signals to produce N output RF signals at the N output ports, wherein relative power levels of the N output RF signals are dependent upon phase differences between the N amplified, phase shifted RF signals.2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:N phase shifters coupled to inputs of the N amplifiers, wherein each phase shifter is configured to receive one of N input RF signals, and the N phase shifters are further configured to apply pre-determined phase shifts to the N input RF signals in order to produce the N phase shifted RF signals.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the power combiner network is configured claim 1 , ...

TRANSIENT PLASMA ELECTRODE FOR RADICAL GENERATION

A transient plasma electrode apparatus may include an elongated electrode having a first and a second end. The first end may connect to a source of high voltage pulses. An insulation jacket may surround a portion of the electrode. An electric-field enhancing protrusion may be at the second end of the elongated electrode. The protrusion may cause an electric field when a high voltage is applied between the elongated electrode and a metallic wall of a combustion chamber in which the electrode is placed. The electric field may be greater at the second end as compared to along the length of the electrode. 1. A transient plasma electrode apparatus comprising:an elongated electrode having a first and a second end, the first end having a configuration that connects to a source of high voltage pulses;an insulation jacket surrounding a portion of the electrode; andan electric-field enhancing protrusion at the second end of the elongated electrode that causes an electric field generated by the application of a high voltage between the elongated electrode and a metallic wall of a combustion chamber in which the electrode is placed to be greater at the second end as compared to along the length of the electrode.2. The transient plasma electrode apparatus of wherein the electric-field enhancing protrusion includes a disc.3. The transient plasma electrode apparatus of wherein the disc has a perimeter that forms a sharp edge.4. The transient plasma electrode apparatus of wherein the electric-field enhancing protrusion includes one or more spokes.5. The transient plasma electrode apparatus of wherein the electric-field enhancing protrusion includes multiple spokes.6. The transient plasma electrode apparatus of wherein the insulation jacket has external threads.7. The transient plasma electrode apparatus of wherein the transient plasma electrode apparatus is for inserting into a cylinder chamber of an engine having a chamber diameter and wherein the elongated electrode is ...

IGNITION UNIT AND SYSTEM

An ignition unit produces an ignition in a combustion chamber of a combustion engine in the following manner. The ignition unit comprises a radiofrequency resonator that radiates a plasma-creating radiofrequency field into the combustion chamber. The ignition unit further comprises a microwave resonator that radiates a plasma-boosting microwave field into the combustion chamber. In an embodiment, the microwave resonator has an output surface to which the combustion chamber is exposed when the ignition unit is fitted on the combustion engine. The radiofrequency resonator may comprise an electrode that is at least partially embedded in the microwave resonator. The electrode may have a tip that is located at a distance from the output surface so that the microwave resonator provides a barrier between the tip and the output surface. 1100203201. An ignition unit () adapted to produce an ignition in a combustion chamber () of a combustion engine () , the ignition unit comprising:{'b': 117', '118, 'a radiofrequency resonator (, ) adapted to radiate a plasma-creating radiofrequency field into the combustion chamber; and'}{'b': '113', 'a microwave resonator () adapted to radiate a plasma-boosting microwave field into the combustion chamber.'}2. An ignition unit according to claim 1 , wherein:{'b': 117', '118', '118', '113, 'the radiofrequency resonator (, ) comprises an electrode () that is at least partially embedded in the microwave resonator (); and'}{'b': 115', '203', '100', '201, 'the microwave resonator comprises an output surface () to which the combustion chamber () is exposed when the ignition unit () is fitted on the combustion engine ().'}3117118120115113. An ignition unit according to claim 2 , wherein the radiofrequency resonator ( claim 2 , ) comprises a tip () that is located at a distance from the output surface () of the microwave resonator () claim 2 , so that a portion of the microwave resonator constitutes a barrier between the tip of the radiofrequency ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR OPERATING A LASER SPARK PLUG

In a method for operating a laser spark plug, the laser spark plug is actuated using an actuating device, in order to generate at least one laser ignition pulse, at least one variable characterizing the laser ignition pulse is ascertained using measuring techniques, and, from the at least one variable characterizing the laser ignition pulse, an operating condition of the laser spark plug is inferred. 115-. (canceled)16. A method for operating a laser spark plug , comprising:actuating the laser spark plug using an actuating device in order to generate at least one laser ignition pulse;ascertaining at least one variable characterizing the laser ignition pulse using a measuring technique; andinferring an operating condition of the laser spark plug based on the at least one variable characterizing the laser ignition pulse.17. The method as recited in claim 16 , wherein claim 16 , based on the at least one variable characterizing the laser ignition pulse claim 16 , at least one of a transmission loss of a combustion chamber window of the laser spark plug and a remaining service life of the laser spark plug is inferred.18. The method as recited in claim 17 , wherein a measuring device for recording the at least one variable is positioned in an optical path of the laser spark plug.19. The method as recited in claim 17 , wherein at least one of a gas pressure and an atmospheric composition in the vicinity of an ignition point of the laser spark plug is influenced in such a way that the laser ignition pulse does not effect a plasma formation in the vicinity of the ignition point.20. The method as recited in claim 17 , wherein the at least one variable characterizing the laser ignition pulse characterizes an optical power density at least one of (i) in a wavelength range of the laser ignition pulse and (ii) in a wavelength range of a plasma generated using the laser ignition pulse.21. The method as recited in claim 17 , wherein the laser spark plug has a precombustion chamber ...

Ignition device

In an ignition device, at a timing of a control signal provided by a control device to control an ignition coil device or at a timing prior to the control signal in order that a high voltage is applied to an ignition plug to initiate a spark discharge, a control circuit of an AC power source unit in response to the control signal controls switching elements composing a bridge circuit in the AC power source unit for a DC-AC inversion to thereby short-circuit a winding of a transformer device on the side of the AC power source unit, connected between a boosting device including a capacitor device and the bridge circuit for the circulation of a capacitance discharging current from the boosting device to the transformer device.

REPETITIVE IGNITION SYSTEM FOR ENHANCED COMBUSTION

A system and method for providing multiple fast rising pulses to improve performance efficiency. In one approach, multiple fast rising pulse power is employed to improve fuel efficiency and power of an engine. The system and method can involve a transient plasma plug assembly intended to replace a traditional spark plug. Alternatively, an approach involving a pulse generator and a high voltage pulse carrying ignition cable is contemplated. 1. A method for igniting air-fuel mixtures , comprising:generating multiple fast rising voltage pulses with a transient plasma ignition source;creating a plurality of plasma streamers; andcoupling the plasma streamers with an air-fuel mixture to create reactive species enhancing efficiency of combustion chemistry.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:igniting the air-fuel mixture after coupling the plasma streamers with the air-fuel mixture.3. The method of wherein igniting the air-fuel mixture after coupling the plasma streamers with the air-fuel mixture includes one of generating a spark or exposing the air-fuel mixture to a glow plug.4. The method of wherein coupling the plasma streamers with an air-fuel mixture occurs prior to an ignition of the air-fuel mixture in each of a plurality of combustion events.5. The method of wherein coupling the plasma streamers with an air-fuel mixture includes introducing the plasma streamers into a piston chamber.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:superimposing a plurality of the fast rising voltage pulses each of a nanosecond duration on a relatively slower rising ignition pulse.7. The method of wherein superimposing a plurality of the fast rising voltage pulses each of a nanosecond duration on a relatively slower rising ignition pulse includes superimposing the plurality of the fast rising voltage pulses each of a nanosecond duration on a relatively slower rising ignition pulse of longer than 1 microsecond duration.8. A system for igniting air-fuel mixtures of an engine ...

Compact Electromagnetic Plasma Ignition Device

A quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator for producing corona discharge plasma from is presented. The quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator has a folded cavity made of opposing concentric cavity members that are nested together to form a continuous cavity ending in a aperture. A center conductor with a tip is positioned in the cavity. The folded cavity advantageously permits the coaxial cavity resonator to resonate at a lower operating frequency than an unfolded quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator of the same length. Embodiments of the quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator use narrower apertures to reduce radiative losses, and include center conductors that are reactive load elements, such as helical coils. When a radio frequency (RF) oscillation is produced in the quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator, corona discharge plasma is formed at the tip of the center conductor. The corona discharge plasma can be used to ignite combustible materials in combustion chambers of combustion engines. 1. A quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator , comprising:a plurality of concentric nested cavity members arranged to form a folded cavity, the plurality of concentric nested cavity members including an outer cavity member and an inner cavity member defining an aperture, the aperture having a radius that is less than a radius of the base outer cavity member; anda center conductor including a tip, at least a portion of the center conductor disposed in the folded cavity, wherein an RF corona is formed in a region near the tip of the center conductor when a sustained RF oscillation of an operating wavelength is produced in the quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator and the radius of the tip is smaller than the operating wavelength.2. The quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator of claim 1 , further comprising a threaded body surrounding the aperture and adapted to fit a spark plug socket.3. The quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator of claim 1 , further comprising a dielectric seal ...

Compact Electromagnetic Plasma Ignition Device

A quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator for producing corona discharge plasma from is presented. The quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator has a folded cavity made of opposing concentric cavity members that are nested together to form a continuous cavity ending in a aperture. A center conductor with a tip is positioned in the cavity. The folded cavity advantageously permits the coaxial cavity resonator to resonate at a lower operating frequency than an unfolded quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator of the same length. Embodiments of the quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator use narrower apertures to reduce radiative losses, and include center conductors that are reactive load elements, such as helical coils. When a radio frequency (RF) oscillation is produced in the quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator, corona discharge plasma is formed at the tip of the center conductor. The corona discharge plasma can be used to ignite combustible materials in combustion chambers of combustion engines.

BARRIER-DISCHARGE-TYPE IGNITION APPARATUS

A barrier-discharge-type ignition apparatus that can accurately determine the application voltage, of a barrier ignition plug, that causes a non-ignition discharge to occur. In the barrier-discharge-type ignition apparatus, in a combustion assist control, the voltage difference between the one-period-prior application voltage and the present-period application voltage in the AC period is calculated based on an application voltage detected by a voltage detection circuit; then, it is determined whether or not a discharge exists in the barrier ignition plug, based on the comparison between the voltage difference and a preliminarily set discharge determination threshold value. 1. A barrier-discharge-type ignition apparatus comprising:A DC/DC converter that boosts a DC voltage and outputs the boosted DC voltage;an inverter that inverts the DC voltage outputted from the DC/DC converter into an AC voltage and outputs the AC voltage;a transformer that boosts the AC voltage outputted from the inverter and outputs the boosted AC voltage;a resonance circuit that amplifies, by means of resonance, the AC voltage outputted from the transformer;a barrier ignition plug to which the AC voltage amplified by the resonance circuit is applied, that is provided in a combustion chamber, and whose electrodes are covered with a dielectric;a voltage detection circuit that detects an application voltage for the barrier ignition plug; anda controller that increases or decreases the application voltage for the barrier ignition plug by controlling the DC/DC converter and the inverter,wherein the controller performs combustion assist control that applies a non-ignition discharge voltage that causes a non-ignition discharge which is a discharge of the barrier ignition plug and does not lead to ignition of the fuel-air mixture, to the barrier ignition plug, in a combustion assist period which is a period set before ignition of a fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber and for producing ozone and ...

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

The present invention aims at effectively emitting an electromagnetic wave to a combustion chamber from an emission antenna in an internal combustion engine that promotes combustion of an air fuel mixture utilizing the electromagnetic wave. The present invention is directed to an internal combustion engine including: an internal combustion engine main body formed with a combustion chamber; and an electromagnetic wave emission device that emits an electromagnetic wave to the combustion chamber from an emission antenna. The internal combustion engine promotes combustion of the air fuel mixture by way of the electromagnetic wave emitted to the combustion chamber. The emission antenna is provided in an insulating member and extends along the partitioning surface. The insulating member is provided on a partitioning surface that partitions the combustion chamber. A ground conductor is provided in the insulating member on a side opposite to the combustion chamber in relation to the emission antenna and is electrically grounded. 1. An internal combustion engine comprising an internal combustion engine main body formed with a combustion chamber; and an electromagnetic wave emission device that emits an electromagnetic wave to the combustion chamber from an emission antenna , the internal combustion engine promoting combustion of an air fuel mixture by way of the electromagnetic wave emitted to the combustion chamber , wherein the emission antenna is provided in an insulating member provided on a partitioning surface that partitions the combustion chamber , and extends along the partitioning surface , whereinan electrically-grounded ground conductor is provided in the insulating member on a side opposite to the combustion chamber in relation to the emission antenna.2. An internal combustion engine comprising:an internal combustion engine main body formed with a combustion chamber; andan electromagnetic wave emission device that emits an electromagnetic wave to the combustion ...

QUARTER WAVE COAXIAL CAVITY IGNITER FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES

An apparatus and method for igniting combustible materials in a combustion chamber of a combustion engine using corona discharge plasma from a quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator. A tapered quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator is adapted to mate with the combustion chamber. The quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator is coupled with an energy shaping means, or waveform generator, that develops the appropriate waveform for triggering radio frequency oscillations in the quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator. A loop coupling is angularly positioned within the quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator to match impedances between the quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator and the energy shaping means, or waveform generator. Radio frequency oscillations produce a standing wave in the quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator and a corona discharge plasma develops near the center conductor. The corona discharge plasma developed near the center conductor ignites the combustible materials in the combustion chamber of the combustion engine. 1. A method of igniting a combustible material in a combustion chamber of a combustion engine , comprising:receiving an electrical stimulus from an ignition control system associated with the combustion engine;generating a waveform in a waveform generator capable of triggering an RF oscillation in a quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator in response to said electrical stimulus;coupling said waveform to said quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator through an angularly positioned loop coupling to trigger said RF oscillation in said quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator, said loop coupling being angularly positioned within said quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator to match an impedance between said waveform generator and quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator;generating a standing wave in said quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator using said RF oscillation, said quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator being operably adapted to produce a corona near a ...

COMPACT ELECTROMAGNETIC PLASMA IGNITION DEVICE

A quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator for producing corona discharge plasma from is presented. The quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator has a folded cavity made of opposing concentric cavity members that are nested together to form a continuous cavity ending in a aperture. A center conductor with a tip is positioned in the cavity. The folded cavity advantageously permits the coaxial cavity resonator to resonate at a lower operating frequency than an unfolded quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator of the same length. Embodiments of the quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator use narrower apertures to reduce radiative losses, and include center conductors that are reactive load elements, such as helical coils. When a radio frequency (RF) oscillation is produced in the quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator, corona discharge plasma is formed at the tip of the center conductor. The corona discharge plasma can be used to ignite combustible materials in combustion chambers of combustion engines. 1. A quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator , comprising:a cavity having an aperture at one end; anda reactive load center conductor having a tip, at least a portion of said reactive load center conductor disposed in said cavity,wherein an RF corona is formed at said tip of said reactive load center conductor when a sustained RF oscillation is produced in the quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator.2. The quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator of claim 1 , wherein said reactive load center conductor is a helical reactive load element.3. The quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator of claim 1 , wherein said reactive load center conductor is a corrugated reactive load element.4. The quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator of claim 1 , wherein said reactive load center conductor is a dielectric coated center conductor.5. The quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator of claim 1 , further comprising a threaded body surrounding said aperture and adapted to fit a spark plug socket.6. The quarter wave ...

CONTROL DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Ignitability of a fuel by a spark plug is improved while an increase in the number of ignition coils is suppressed. A control device for an internal combustion engine includes an ignition control unit which controls energization of an ignition coil and an ignition coil which each provide electric energy to a spark plug which discharges in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine to ignite a fuel, and a discharge amount detection unit which detects an inter-electrode voltage of the spark plug. After the ignition control unit discharges the spark plug using the electric energy of the ignition coil , the ignition control unit estimates a voltage which is supply-able from the ignition coil to the spark plug, and controls energization of the ignition coil so as to supply the electric energy of the second ignition coil to the spark plug when a difference d between the estimated supply-able voltage and a required voltage based on the voltage detected by the discharge amount detection unit is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold value. 1. A control device for an internal combustion engine , comprising:an ignition control unit which controls energization of a first ignition coil and a second ignition coil which each provide electric energy to a spark plug which discharges in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine to ignite a fuel; anda discharge amount detection unit which detects a voltage between electrodes of the spark plug,wherein after the ignition control unit discharges the spark plug using the electric energy of the first ignition coil, the ignition control unit estimates a voltage which is supply-able from the first ignition coil to the spark plug, and controls energization of the second ignition coil so as to supply the electric energy of the second ignition coil to the spark plug when a difference between the estimated supply-able voltage and a required voltage for maintaining discharge of the spark plug based on the voltage detected by the ...

RESONANT INVERTER

A resonant inverter includes: an input capacitor; an inverter; a snubber circuit; a transformer having a primary winding connected to an AC end of the inverter; a resonant coil, a resonant capacitor, and a current sensor on the secondary winding side of the transformer; and a control unit, wherein, on the basis of current detected by the current sensor, the control unit controls switching elements so as to perform zero voltage switching at the time of turning-on, at a frequency at which a load including the resonant coil and the resonant capacitor becomes capacitive, and performs power regeneration of energy stored in a snubber capacitor to a DC voltage source. 1. A resonant inverter comprising:an input capacitor and an inverter which are connected to a DC voltage source;a snubber circuit formed by a series circuit of a regeneration resistor and a snubber capacitor, and connected in parallel to each leg of the inverter;a clamp diode connected between a drain of a switching element of the inverter and a connection point between the regeneration resistor and the snubber capacitor of the snubber circuit;a transformer having a primary winding connected to an AC end of the inverter;a resonant coil, a resonant capacitor, and a current sensor connected to a secondary winding of the transformer; anda control unit for controlling the inverter, whereinon the basis of current detected by the current sensor, the control unit controls the switching element of the inverter so as to perform zero voltage switching at a time of turning-on, at a frequency at which a load including the resonant coil and the resonant capacitor becomes capacitive, and performs power regeneration of energy stored in the snubber capacitor to the DC voltage source.2. The resonant inverter according to claim 1 , whereina capacitance discharge current capacitor having a lower impedance and a larger capacitance than those of the snubber capacitor is connected in parallel to the snubber capacitor.3. The ...

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

To reduce the amount of exhausted unburned fuel and further improve fuel efficiency of an internal combustion engine provided with an ignition device that ignites fuel air mixture more forcefully than a spark discharge in a combustion chamber . The internal combustion engine includes an internal combustion engine main body formed with the combustion chamber and the ignition device that ignites the fuel air mixture more forcefully than the spark discharge in the combustion chamber . In addition, the internal combustion engine includes an electromagnetic wave emission device that emits an electromagnetic wave supplied from an electromagnetic wave oscillator from an antenna . The electromagnetic wave emission device emits the electromagnetic wave from the antenna , thereby creating an electric field for accelerating a propagation speed of a flame. 1. An internal combustion engine comprising:an internal combustion engine main body formed with a combustion chamber; andan ignition device that ignites fuel air mixture in the combustion chamber more forcefully than a spark discharge, whereinthe internal combustion engine repeatedly carries out a combustion cycle, in which the ignition device ignites the fuel air mixture so as to combust the fuel air mixture,the internal combustion engine further comprises an electromagnetic wave emission device provided with an electromagnetic wave oscillator that oscillates an electromagnetic wave, and an antenna that emits the electromagnetic wave supplied from the electromagnetic wave oscillator to the combustion chamber, andthe electromagnetic wave emission device emits the electromagnetic wave from the antenna so as to create an electric field for accelerating a propagation speed of a flame.2. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1 , whereinthe ignition device supplies a high frequency wave to the combustion chamber so as to generate a high intensity plasma, which is more intense than the spark discharge, andthe ...

IGNITION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING AN IGNITION SYSTEM FOR A SPARK-IGNITED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

An ignition system and a method for controlling an ignition system for a spark-ignited internal combustion engine are described, having a primary voltage generator for generating an ignition spark and a boost converter for maintaining an ignition spark. The method includes sending a signal from an engine control unit to the ignition system, in order to determine a predetermined ignition timing for triggering an ignition spark, sending an additional signal from the engine control unit to the ignition system, in order to determine a predetermined additional ignition timing for triggering an additional ignition spark, and sending a control signal for influencing the operating mode of the boost converter from the engine control unit to the ignition system between the signal and the additional signal. 114-. (canceled)15. A method for controlling an ignition system for a spark-ignited internal combustion engine , having a primary voltage generator for generating an ignition spark and a boost converter for maintaining the ignition spark , the method comprising:transmitting a signal from an engine control unit to the ignition system to determine a predetermined ignition timing for triggering an ignition spark;transmitting an additional signal from the engine control unit to the ignition system to determine a predetermined additional ignition timing for triggering an additional ignition spark; andsending a control signal for influencing the operating mode of the boost converter from the engine control unit to the ignition system between the signal and the additional signal.16. The method as recited in claim 15 , wherein the signal and the control signal are transmitted over an identical channel claim 15 , the signal and the control signal being sent over an identical electric line.17. The method as recited in claim 15 , wherein the control signal exhibits at least one of: i) a high level identical to that of the signal claim 15 , and ii) a low level compared to the signal.18 ...

Electronic spark timing control system for an ac ignition system

A method of firing a spark plug of an internal combustion engine includes supplying AC power to the spark plug in which the AC power has a waveform with a rising edge and a falling edge, activating the spark plug during the rising edge of the waveform, and deactivating the spark plug during the falling edge of the waveform. This method further includes connecting an engine control module to an ignition coil and connecting the engine coil to the spark plug. The firing of the ignition coil mirrors the square waveform of AC power from the engine control module. A battery is connected to the engine control module.

IGNITION APPARATUS OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

An ignition apparatus of an internal combustion engine is provided with an ignition plug, an AC (alternating current) voltage application unit configured to apply AC voltage to the center electrode of the ignition plug, and an application voltage control unit that controls an operation of the AC voltage application unit. The application voltage control unit is configured to control the AC voltage application unit to apply the center electrode with a first AC voltage having an amplitude smaller than that of a required voltage of the ignition plug in a first period which is before an ignition timing, and to apply the center electrode with a second AC voltage having an amplitude smaller than that of the first AC voltage or to stop applying the center electrode with the AC voltage during a second period which is before the ignition timing after the first period has elapsed. 1. An ignition apparatus of an internal combustion engine comprising: an insulator having a cylindrical shape,', 'a center electrode having a rod-shape, being supported in the insulator to be coaxial therewith, in which a tip end of the center electrode is exposed therefrom,', 'a housing that supports the insulator,', 'a ground electrode connected to the housing, forming a discharge gap between the tip end of the center electrode and the ground electrode, and', 'a pocket constituted of a space formed between an outer periphery surface of a tip end of the insulator and an inner periphery surface of the housing, in which a portion in a tip end side of the pocket is opened;, 'an ignition plug includingan AC (alternating current) voltage application unit configured to apply AC voltage to the center electrode; andan application voltage control unit that controls an operation of the AC voltage application unit, whereinthe application voltage control unit is configured to control the AC voltage application unit to apply the center electrode with a first AC voltage having an amplitude which is smaller than ...

Gasoline direct-injection engine

A gasoline direct-injection engine is provided. The engine performs compression self-ignition combustion, and includes a cylinder, an injector, intake and exhaust ports, intake and exhaust valves, and an ozone generating system for generating ozone inside the cylinder. The system includes an electrode projecting into the cylinder while being partially electrically insulated from walls of the cylinder, and a high-voltage control device for applying a controlled pulse-shaped voltage to the electrode. When the voltage is applied, electric discharge occurs between the non-insulated part of the electrode and the walls of the cylinder, and ozone is generated inside the cylinder due to an effect of the electric discharge. A combustion pattern is provided, in which a compression stroke injection is performed and mixture gas formed by the fuel injection self-ignites to combust. When the combustion pattern is applied, the high-voltage control device is operated on intake stroke or the compression stroke.

Compact electromagnetic plasma ignition device

A quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator for producing corona discharge plasma from is presented. The quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator has a folded cavity made of opposing concentric cavity members that are nested together to form a continuous cavity ending in a aperture. A center conductor with a tip is positioned in the cavity. The folded cavity advantageously permits the coaxial cavity resonator to resonate at a lower operating frequency than an unfolded quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator of the same length. Embodiments of the quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator use narrower apertures to reduce radiative losses, and include center conductors that are reactive load elements, such as helical coils. When a radio frequency (RF) oscillation is produced in the quarter wave coaxial cavity resonator, corona discharge plasma is formed at the tip of the center conductor. The corona discharge plasma can be used to ignite combustible materials in combustion chambers of combustion engines.

Combustion Environment Diagnostics

An apparatus for igniting a combustible mixture. In one example, the apparatus can include a coaxial cavity resonator assembly in a combustion environment. The apparatus can also include an operational feedback system and a controller. The operational feedback system can measure at least one of a voltage value and a current value of the coaxial cavity resonator assembly in the combustion environment. The controller can be configured to determine a condition of the coaxial cavity resonator assembly and modulate operation of the coaxial cavity resonator assembly based at least in part on the determined condition. 1. A method , comprising:measuring at least one of a voltage value and a current value of a coaxial cavity resonator assembly in a combustion environment, the coaxial cavity resonator assembly comprising a conductor structure that extends through a first coaxial cavity resonator and a second coaxial cavity resonator;determining a condition of the coaxial cavity resonator assembly by comparing the measured value to a known possible condition state; andmodulating operation of the coaxial cavity resonator assembly based at least in part on the determined condition.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the combustion environment is a cylinder of an internal combustion engine.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising measuring a second condition of the combustion environment by using an auxiliary sensor.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein modulating operation of the coaxial cavity resonator assembly is further based at least in part on the second condition measurement of the combustion environment by the auxiliary sensor.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein modulating operation of the coaxial cavity resonator assembly comprises modifying an ignition of a combustible mixture in the combustion environment based at least in part on the determined condition.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein modulating operation of the coaxial cavity resonator assembly comprises ...

MICROWAVE SPARK PLUG FOR INJECTING MICROWAVE ENERGY

A microwave spark plug for injecting microwave energy into a combustion chamber of an engine including an elongated housing, including an elongated chamber forming a hollow conductor in an interior of the housing, and including a microwave window arranged at a first end of the chamber in the housing, wherein the microwave window closes the hollow conductor relative to the combustion chamber, wherein the hollow conductor includes a connection element for a high frequency feed conductor at a second end arranged opposite to the microwave window, wherein the connection element includes a high frequency inlet cross section geometry which differs from a high frequency outlet cross section geometry at the microwave window. The microwave sparkplug is configured to be threaded into typical boreholes for sparkplugs and facilitates safe injection of microwave energy into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. 1. A microwave spark plug for injecting microwave energy into a combustion chamber of an engine , the microwave sparkplug comprising:an elongated housing, includingan elongated chamber forming a hollow conductor in an interior of the housing, anda microwave window arranged at a first end of the hollow conductor in the housing, wherein the microwave window closes the hollow conductor relative to a combustion chamber of an engine,wherein the hollow conductor includes a connection element for a high frequency feed conductor at a second end of the hollow conductor arranged distal from the microwave window,wherein the connection element includes a high frequency inlet cross section geometry which differs from a high frequency outlet cross section geometry at the microwave window, andwherein a transition from the high frequency entry cross section geometry at the first end of the hollow conductor to the high frequency outlet cross section geometry at the second end of the hollow conductor is provided continuously.2. The microwave spark plug according to claim 1 ...

METHOD FOR INTRODUCING MICROWAVE ENERGY INTO A COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF A COMBUSTION ENGINE AND COMBUSTION ENGINE

A method for introducing microwave energy into a combustion chamber of a reciprocating internal combustion engine with at least one cylinder with a cylinder head in which the microwaves reach the combustion chamber through a microwave window, wherein the microwaves are run about a circumference of the combustion chamber and radially injected into the combustion chamber through at least a portion of a combustion chamber wall functioning as a microwave window. The method and the internal combustion engine facilitate a precise control of a beginning of a space ignition of a fuel air mix in the combustion chamber so that an optimum low emission combustion of a fuel is achieved with an efficiency that is higher compared to conventional reciprocating piston combustion engines. In general the invention provides safe ignition of lean fuel air mixtures. 1. A method for injecting microwave energy into a combustion chamber of a reciprocating internal combustion engine with at least one cylinder with a cylinder head , comprising the steps:running microwaves about a circumference of a combustion chamber; andradially injecting the microwaves into the combustion chamber through at least a portion of a combustion chamber wall functioning as a microwave window.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the microwaves are injected into the combustion chamber through at least one annular hollow conductor cavity arranged at a circumference of the combustion chamber and including at least one outlet opening oriented towards the combustion chamber.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the microwaves are injected into the combustion chamber at an angle at an end of the annular hollow conductor cavity.4. The method according to claim 2 ,wherein the microwaves are injected from the annular hollow conductor cavity through a circumferential gap extending between the annular hollow conductor cavity and the combustion chamber wall, orthrough a circumferential gap extending between the ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR INTRODUCING MICROWAVE ENERGY INTO A COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

A method for introducing microwave energy into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine in which the microwaves reach a combustion chamber through a microwave window, wherein the microwaves are run about a circumference of the combustion chamber and radially coupled into the combustion chamber after passing through the microwave window. Accordingly a device for introducing microwave energy into the combustion chamber of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with at least one cylinder with a cylinder head and a combustion chamber in the cylinder includes at least one circumferential annular hollow conductor cavity extending about the combustion chamber and including at least one feed for the microwave and at least one outlet opening for the microwave arranged between the annular hollow conductor cavity and the combustion chamber. An internal combustion engine includes the features of the device. 1. A method for injecting microwave energy into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine , comprising the steps:passing microwaves through a microwave window of an internal combustion engine;running the microwaves about a circumference of a combustion chamber after passing the microwaves through the microwave window; andradially injecting the microwaves into the combustion chamber after running the microwaves about the circumference of the combustion chamber.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the microwaves are injected into the combustion chamber through at least one annular hollow conductor cavity arranged at the circumference of the combustion chamber and including at least one outlet opening oriented towards the combustion chamber.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the microwaves are injected into the combustion chamber at an angle at an end of the at least one annular hollow conductor cavity.4. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the microwaves are injected from the at least one annular hollow conductor ...

IGNITION SYSTEM AND INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

An ignition system improves an air-fuel-ratio, i.e., good mileage and lean burn without changing a gasoline engine structure significantly. The ignition system comprises an electromagnetic wave generator including a first output part and a second output part configured to output an electromagnetic wave, a discharge device comprising a booster and a discharger provided at an output side of the booster, the booster having a resonance structure configured to boost an electromagnetic wave inputted from the first output part so as to cause a discharge from the discharger, and an electromagnetic wave emitter configured to emit an electromagnetic wave inputted from the second output part. The electromagnetic wave generator decreases an output power from the first output part, while the electromagnetic wave generator increases the output power from the second output part when an amount of a reflected wave from the discharge device exceeds a predetermined value. 1. An ignition system comprising:an electromagnetic wave generator including a first output part and a second output part configured to output an electromagnetic wave;a discharge device comprising a booster and a discharger provided at an output side of the booster, the booster having a resonance structure configured to boost an electromagnetic wave inputted from the first output part so as to cause a discharge from the discharger; andan electromagnetic wave emitter configured to emit an electromagnetic wave inputted from the second output part,wherein the electromagnetic wave generator decreases an output power from the first output part, while the electromagnetic wave generator increases the output power from the second output part when an amount of a reflected wave from the discharge device exceeds a predetermined value.2. The ignition system according to claim 1 ,wherein the electromagnetic wave generator comprises an electromagnetic wave oscillator configured to output a first electromagnetic wave and a second ...

IGNITION SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE, AND INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

The ignition system has an electromagnetic wave oscillator which oscillates electromagnetic waves, a control device that controls the electromagnetic wave oscillator, a plasma generator which integrates a booster circuit containing a resonant circuit capacitive coupled with the electromagnetic wave oscillator, and a discharge electrode which discharges a high voltage generated by the booster circuit. The plasma generator includes a plurality of discharge electrodes arranged so as to be exposed within the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine. 1. An ignition device of an internal combustion engine comprising:an EM wave oscillator that oscillates EM waves;a control device that controls the EM wave oscillator; anda plasma generator including an amplifying circuit capacity coupled with the EM wave oscillator and a discharge electrode discharging high voltage generated by the amplifying circuit,wherein the amplifying circuit and the discharge electrode are formed integrally together, andwherein a plurality of the plasma generators are installed such that the discharge electrode is exposed to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.2. The ignition device of claim 1 , whereinthe plasma generators are installed on the combustion chamber ceiling, respectively at the center of the ceiling, between the inlet ports, between the outlet ports, and between the inlet and outlet ports.3. The ignition device of claim 1 , whereinthe plasma generators are installed along the outer circumference of the combustion chamber ceiling.4. The ignition device as claimed in claim 1 , whereinthe control device controls so that the EM waves are supplied to each plasma generators in a different time.5. The ignition device as claimed in claim 4 , whereinthe control device controls the oscillation of the EM wave oscillator so that the discharge from each discharge electrodes depicts a circle or a semicircle.6. The ignition device as claimed in claim 1 , whereina ...

SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR APPLYING AN ELECTRIC FIELD TO A COMBUSTION VOLUME

A combustion system is provided, in which respective waveforms are applied to each of a plurality of electrodes positioned in a combustion volume, producing periodic electric fields between pairs of the electrodes. A safety circuit is configured to reduce or eliminate danger by grounding each of the plurality of electrodes or otherwise driving each of the electrodes to a safe state upon detection of a safety condition. 126.-. (canceled)27. An apparatus for supporting and controlling a combustion reaction within a combustion volume , comprising:an electronic controller including an input terminal and a plurality of output terminals, the electronic controller being configured to produce, at each of the plurality of output terminals, a respective modulation waveform corresponding to a voltage modulation pattern at a respective one of a plurality of electrodes positioned proximal to a burner, and further configured to receive a safety signal at the input terminal; anda safety circuit configured to drive the output modulation waveform at each of the plurality of output terminals to a safe state responsive to a safety condition signal at the input terminal terminal.28. The apparatus of claim 27 , wherein the safe state corresponds to substantially ground voltage each of the plurality of electrodes.29. The apparatus of claim 27 , wherein the controller is configured to produce claim 27 , at each of the plurality of output terminals claim 27 , is a low voltage modulation signal corresponding to a high-voltage modulation pattern at the respective electrode.30. The apparatus of claim 27 , wherein the output controller is configured to produce claim 27 , at each of the plurality of output terminals claim 27 , a high voltage modulation signal corresponding to the modulation pattern at the respective electrode.31. The apparatus of claim 27 , further comprising a detection circuit coupled to the input terminal and configured to detect a potential danger condition at any of the ...

Dual signal coaxial cavity resonator plasma generation

A plasma generator comprises a radio frequency power source, a coaxial cavity resonator assembly, and a direct current power source. The radio frequency power source provides a voltage supply of radio frequency power having a first ratio of power over voltage. The resonator assembly includes a center conductor coupled to the radio frequency power source, and also includes a virtual short circuit. The direct current power source is connected to the center conductor at the virtual short circuit, and provides a voltage supply of direct current power having a second ratio of power over voltage that is less than the first ratio.

IGNITION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPERATING AN IGNITION SYSTEM

A method is described for operating an ignition system for an internal combustion engine, including a primary voltage generator and a bypass, in particular, a boost converter for maintaining a spark generated with the aid of the primary voltage generator, the method includes an ascertainment of a modified energy requirement for an ignition spark, which is to be maintained with the aid of the bypass and a modification of the working mode of the bypass in response thereto. 112-. (canceled)13. A method for operating an ignition system for an internal combustion engine , the ignition system including a primary voltage generator and a bypass , for maintaining an ignition spark generated with the aid of the primary voltage generator , the method comprising:ascertaining a modified energy requirement for the ignition spark; andmodifying, based on the ascertained modified energy requirement, a working mode of the bypass.14. The method as recited in claim 13 , wherein the bypass is a boost converter.15. The method as recited in claim 13 , wherein the ascertaining of the modified energy requirement includes measuring at least one of a current of the ignition spark and a voltage corresponding to a voltage of the ignition spark.16. The method as recited in claim 13 , wherein the ascertaining of the modified energy requirement includes comparing a measured electrical parameter of an ignition spark with an assigned reference.17. The method as recited in claim 16 , further comprising:classifying the electrical parameter, and modifying the working mode of the bypass as a function of a parameter assigned to the class.18. The method as recited in claim 13 , wherein the ascertaining of the modified energy requirement includes:ascertaining at least one of an electrical parameter, a change of the parameter, and a change speed of the parameter, the electrical parameter being at least one of a current of the ignition spark and a voltage characterizing a voltage of the ignition spark; ...

IGNITION DEVICE

An ignition device is provided, the ignition device comprises a coaxial structural body comprising an inner conductor , an outer conductor , and an insulator that insulates both the conductors and , which are coaxially provided with one another along an axial direction. A connection terminal is arranged at one axial end side of the coaxial structural body and connecting the inner conductor and the outer conductor to the electromagnetic wave oscillator MW. The inner conductor has a linearly extended part protruding at another axial end side of the coaxial structural body extending outwards from the outer conductor in the axial direction and a spirally extended part continuously extending from the linearly extended part in a reversed direction and in a spiral manner that winds around the linearly extended part of the inner conductor in a predetermined number of turns around the linearly extended part such that the inner conductor forms a resonance structure and the spirally extended part with the resonance structure is obtained. A diameter and a length of the inner conductor that is extended outwards from the outer conductor , and the number of turns of the spirally extended part of the inner conductor are determined such that a capacitive reactance XC and an inductive reactance XL of the spirally extended part are substantially equal to each other. 1. An ignition device comprising:a coaxial structural body comprising an inner conductor, an outer conductor, and an insulator that insulates both the conductors, which are coaxially provided with one another along an axial direction;an electromagnetic wave oscillator; anda connection terminal arranged at one axial end side of the coaxial structural body and connecting the inner conductor and the outer conductor to the electromagnetic wave oscillator, whereinthe inner conductor has a linearly extended part protruding at another axial end side of the coaxial structural body extending outwards from the outer conductor in the ...

IGNITER

An igniter that has a large ignition power and an electromagnetic wave resonance structure with a small reflected power is provided. An igniter comprises a first rectangular substrate and a second rectangular substrate each having a longitudinal side, and at least one intermediate substrate arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate and having a longitudinal side which is shorter than each longitudinal side of the first substrate and the second substrate, the first substrate has an input part configured to receive an input of an electromagnetic wave from an outside, a first electrode, and an electromagnetic wave transmission line that connects the input part to the first electrode, each of the first electrode and the electromagnetic wave transmission line being provided at a surface of the first substrate on a side of the at least one intermediate substrate, the second substrate has an electromagnetic wave resonator and a second electrode that is electrically connected to the electromagnetic wave resonator, each of the electromagnetic wave resonator and a second electrode being provided at a surface of the second substrate on a side of the at least one intermediate substrate, and a space is formed between the first substrate and the second substrate at a position at which the at least one intermediate substrate does not exist therebetween, such that the first electrode and the second electrode are faced each other and located away from each other across the space and a part of the electromagnetic wave transmission line and a part of the resonator are faced each other and located away from each other across the space. 1. An igniter comprising:a first rectangular substrate and a second rectangular substrate each having a longitudinal side; andat least one intermediate substrate arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate and having a longitudinal side which is shorter than each longitudinal side of the first substrate and the ...

IGNITION PLUG AND IGNITION SYSTEM INCLUDING THE SAME

In an ignition plug, since a ground electrode is formed in a thin-rod-shape or a mesh-like shape, sufficiently strong radicals are locally generated by a barrier discharge, an anti-inflammation effect by the electrode is small, and the growth of a flame is hardly hindered. Furthermore, by making the thickness dimension of a second dielectric facing a discharge region uniform, the barrier discharge is spread over the surface of the second dielectric, the generation of the radicals is maintained, and combustibility after ignition is promoted. Furthermore, because an end portion of a high voltage electrode and a ground electrode are disposed to face each other within a combustion chamber, a fuel gas introduced into the combustion chamber is liable to flow into the discharge region, and is easily ignited by the radicals generated due to the discharge. 115-. (canceled)16. An ignition plug comprising:a cylindrical main fitting;a rod-shaped or mesh-like ground electrode connected to one end surface of the main fitting,a rod-shaped high voltage electrode, one end of which is exposed from the end surface side of the main fitting; anda first dielectric covering a peripheral surface of the high voltage electrode and held in the main fitting,wherein any one of the end portion of the high voltage electrode and the ground electrode is covered with a second dielectric that has a thickness dimension smaller than a thickness dimension of the first dielectric, andwherein the end portion of the high voltage electrode and the ground electrode are disposed to face each other with a discharge region facing the second dielectric being interposed therebetween, a thickness dimension of the second dielectric facing the discharge region is uniform, and, when the second dielectric covers the end portion of the high voltage electrode, an area of the ground electrode facing the discharge region is smaller than a surface area of the second dielectric facing the discharge region.17. The ignition ...

Method and device for igniting a gas-fuel mixture

The invention relates to a method and a device for igniting a gas-fuel mixture, in particular in internal combustion engines, wherein at least one gas discharge gap bounded by two electrodes is ignited by means of a high voltage, which is produced by an ignition circuit and applied to the gas discharge gap. After the breakdown of the gas discharge gap, the current through the gas discharge gap is controlled by a control circuit in such a way that the gas discharge lies in the abnormal WOW range, in which the voltage across the gas discharge gap rises for currents greater than 0.1 A having a positive slope. The current through the gas discharge gap is controlled in such a way that said current lies between 0.1 A and 10 A, preferably is greater than 0.1 A and less than or equal to 3 A, more preferably lies between 0.5 A and 1 A, wherein the voltage lies between 250 V and 3000 V, preferably between 500 V and 2000 V. The duration of the current flow 9 through the gas discharge gap or the period of the current flow through the gas discharge gap FIG. 1 is controlled in such a way that said duration or period lies between 0.01 μs and 50 μs, preferably between 0.1 μs and 10 μs.

PLASMA GENERATING APPARATUS AND INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

The plasma generating device has an electromagnetic wave oscillator that emits electromagnetic waves, and a control device that controls the electromagnetic wave oscillator, said plasma generating device being characterized by being provided with a step-up circuit that causes the electromagnetic waves that have been emitted from the electromagnetic wave oscillator to resonate, thereby generating a high voltage, and a discharge electrode that discharges the high voltage generated by the step-up circuit. 1. A plasma generating apparatus including an electromagnetic wave oscillator that oscillates electromagnetic wave and a control device that controls the electromagnetic wave oscillator , comprising:an amplifying circuit that cause resonation of an electromagnetic wave oscillated by an electromagnetic wave oscillator and generates high voltage; anda discharge electrode that discharges high voltage generated by the amplifying circuit.2. The plasma generating apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the amplifying circuit includes a resonating circuit that is capacity coupled with the electromagnetic wave oscillator.3. The plasma generating apparatus as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the amplifying circuit includes a plurality of resonating circuits.4. The plasma generating apparatus as claimed in claim 2 , wherein at least one of the resonating circuits is a parallel resonance circuit.5. The plasma generating apparatus as claimed in claim 4 , further comprising a serial resonating circuit in the discharge electrode side of the parallel resonance circuit.6. The plasma generating apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , whereinthe control device controls the electromagnetic wave oscillator such that the oscillator oscillates according to an oscillation pattern that includes an electromagnetic wave pulse of condition that occur a spark discharge in the discharge electrode and an electromagnetic wave pulse that enlarges and maintains the plasma generated by the spark discharge.7. ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS TO CONTROL AN IGNITION SYSTEM

A multi-charge ignition system includes a spark plug control unit adapted to control at least two coil stages so as to successively energise and de-energise the coil stages to provide a current to a spark plug. The two stages include a first transformer including a first primary winding inductively coupled to a first secondary winding; a second transformer including a second primary winding inductively coupled to a second secondary winding. An auxiliary primary winding is connected from the common high side of the primary winding in series to an auxiliary secondary winding, the other end of said auxiliary secondary winding is electrically connected to ground/low side, and includes a switch which selectively allows current to pass through the auxiliary windings. 17-. (canceled)8. A multi-charge ignition system comprising:at least two coil stages comprising a first transformer including a first primary winding inductively coupled to a first secondary winding and a second transformer including a second primary winding inductively coupled to a second secondary winding;a first auxiliary primary winding connected from a common high side of the first primary winding and of the second primary winding in series to one end of a second auxiliary primary winding, another end of the second auxiliary primary winding electrically connected to ground/low side;a switch which selectively allows current to pass through the auxiliary primary winding and the auxiliary secondary winding; anda spark plug control unit which controls the at least two coil stages so as to successively energise and de-energise the at least two coil stages to provide a current to a spark plug.9. As multi-charge ignition system as claimed in further comprising a step-down converter stage located between the spark plug control unit and the at least two coil stages claim 8 , the step-down converter stage including a second switch and a diode claim 8 , the spark plug control unit being enabled to control the ...

IGNITION UNIT, IGNITION SYSTEM, AND INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

An ignition unit improves an air-fuel-ratio, i.e., good mileage and lean burn without changing a gasoline engine structure significantly. The ignition unit comprises a discharge device including a booster and a discharger provided at an output side of the booster, the booster having a resonance structure configured to boost the electromagnetic wave inputted from the electromagnetic wave oscillator so as to cause a discharge from the discharger, and an electromagnetic wave emitter electrically connected to the electromagnetic wave oscillator and configured to emit the electromagnetic wave inputted from the electromagnetic wave oscillator. Moreover, the ignition unit further includes a housing part including a first hole into which the discharge device is inserted and a second hole into which the electromagnetic wave emitter is inserted such that the housing part houses therein both the discharge device and the electromagnetic wave emitter, and the housing part can be inserted into a single hole of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine. 1. An ignition unit comprising:a discharge device comprising a booster and a discharger provided at an output side of the booster, the booster having a resonance structure configured to boost an electromagnetic wave inputted from an electromagnetic wave oscillator so as to cause a discharge from the discharger; andan electromagnetic wave emitter configured to emit an electromagnetic wave inputted from the electromagnetic wave oscillator.2. The ignition unit according to claim 1 , further comprising a housing part claim 1 ,wherein the housing part comprises a first hole into which the discharge device is inserted and a second hole into which the electromagnetic wave emitter is inserted such that the housing part houses therein both the discharge device and the electromagnetic wave emitter, andwherein the housing part can be inserted into a single hole of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine.3. The ignition unit ...

Ignition Device for Internal Combustion Engine and Control Device for Internal Combustion Engine

Please substitute the new Abstract submitted herewith for the original Abstract: Energization abnormality of a switch element of an internal combustion engine ignition device is detected appropriately. To this end, in an internal combustion engine ignition device that includes an ignition coil and an ignition plug, the ignition coil includes a primary coil including a main primary coil and a sub primary coil and a secondary coil that generates secondary current in response to a voltage variation generated in the primary coil. The internal combustion engine ignition device includes a main switch element that performs energization/deenergization of the main primary coil in a first direction, a sub primary coil magnetic flux generation state switching unit capable of switching between a forward direction magnetic flux generation state in which energization of the sub primary coil in the first direction is performed and an opposite direction magnetic flux generation state in which energization of the sub primary coil in a second direction is performed, and an abnormality detection section that detects energization abnormality to the sub primary coil. The abnormality detection section is configured so as to detect energization abnormality on the basis of overlap between energization in the first direction and energization in the second direction of the sub primary coil. 1. An internal combustion engine ignition device including an ignition coil and an ignition plug that performs discharge with current generated in the ignition coil ,the ignition coil including a primary coil including a main primary coil and a sub primary coil and a secondary coil that generates a voltage according to a current variation generated in the primary coil,the internal combustion engine ignition device comprising:a main switch that performs energization/deenergization of the main primary coil in a first direction;a sub primary coil magnetic flux generation state switching section capable of ...

IGNITION APPARATUS

An ignition apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes a non-equilibrium plasma discharge device, an arc discharge device, a combustion stability determination device, and a control device. The non-equilibrium plasma discharge device discharges at a non-equilibrium plasma discharge timing. The arc discharge device discharges at an arc discharge timing. The combustion stability determination device determines whether a combustion stability is lower than a threshold combustion stability. The a control device controls the non-equilibrium plasma discharge timing and the arc discharge timing to retard the arc discharge timing from the non-equilibrium plasma discharge timing by a retard angle. The a control device increases the retard angle in a case where the combustion stability determination device determines the combustion stability is lower than the threshold combustion stability. 1. An ignition apparatus for an internal combustion engine , the ignition device comprising:a non-equilibrium plasma discharge unit;an arc discharge unit; anda control device that controls a non-equilibrium plasma discharge timing and an arc discharge timing which is set to a retard side by a prescribed retard angle with respect to the non-equilibrium plasma discharge timing,wherein in an operation state where combustion stability is low compared to a usual operation, the control device increases the retard angle compared to the usual operation.2. The ignition apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 ,wherein the operation state where the combustion stability is low includes a catalyst warming-up operation that raises a temperature of a catalyst, andin the catalyst warming-up operation, the control device increases the retard angle by setting the arc discharge timing to the retard side compared to the usual operation.3. The ignition apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 2 , a first area that is an angle range in which an ignition ...

SPARK DISCHARGE IGNITION PROMOTING METHOD, SPARK DISCHARGE IGNITION PROMOTING APPARATUS, AND ENGINE WITH SPARK DISCHARGE IGNITION PROMOTING APPARATUS

Stable combustion becomes possible even in a super-lean combustion engine or an engine that carries out a large amount of EGR. In a spark discharge ignition promoting apparatus, non-thermal plasma is generated in a cylinder by a non-thermal plasma generating unit. The non-thermal plasma generating unit is provided at a location where a processed air-fuel mixture by the non-thermal plasma reaches a spark plug after an in-cylinder flow or where the air-fuel mixture exists around an electrode of the spark plug in a time when the air-fuel mixture keeps an easy combustion state. The spark plug ignites the processed air-fuel mixture by discharge of the spark plug at timing when the processed air-fuel mixture by the non-thermal plasma of an easy combustion state reaches the spark plug after an in-cylinder flow or timing when the air-fuel mixture of the easy combustion state exists around an electrode of the spark plug in the time when the air-fuel mixture keeps the easy combustion state. 114-. (canceled)15. An ignition promoting method for an engine that uses premixed fuel , the method comprising:generating non-thermal plasma around a spark plug or in a region including the spark plug in a cylinder in a compressing process of the engine by a non-thermal plasma generating unit to process an air-fuel mixture, the non-thermal plasma generating unit including an embedded electrode embedded in a dielectric and an exposed electrode that faces the embedded electrode; andigniting, by discharge of the spark plug, an air-fuel mixture processed by the generated non-thermal plasma at timing when the air-fuel mixture reaches the spark plug by an in-cylinder flow or timing when the air-fuel mixture exists in a region including an electrode of the spark plug in a time when the air-fuel mixture keeps an easy combustion state.16. The ignition promoting method according to claim 15 ,wherein each of the embedded electrode and the exposed electrode has an annular shape and is arranged so as ...

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CONNECTING AN RF GENERATOR TO A COAXIAL CONDUCTOR

The present disclosure presents a device and method for connecting an RF generator to a coaxial conductor. The device includes a substrate, a radio frequency generator on the substrate, and a coaxial conductor coupled to a first surface of the substrate. The coaxial conductor includes a conductive core and a conductive shield around the conductive core and is configured to transmit the radio frequency signal to a radiation device. The device includes a cap coupled to the substrate and extending from a second surface of the substrate opposite the first surface. The cap includes an outer wall and a center post. The outer wall is electrically connected to the conductive shield of the coaxial conductor and the center post is electrically connected to the conductive core of the coaxial conductor. An output pad of the radio frequency generator is electrically connected to the conductive core. 1. A device , comprising:a substrate;a radio frequency generator on the substrate, the radio frequency generator being configured to receive an input signal and output a radio frequency signal at an output contact pad;a coaxial conductor coupled to a first surface of the substrate, the coaxial conductor including a conductive core and a conductive shield around the conductive core and being configured to transmit the radio frequency signal to a radiation device; anda cap coupled to the substrate and extending from a second surface of the substrate opposite the first surface, the cap including an outer wall and a center post, the outer wall being electrically connected to the conductive shield of the coaxial conductor and the center post being electrically connected to the conductive core of the coaxial conductor; andwherein the output contact pad is electrically connected to the conductive core.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the radio frequency generator and the substrate are formed in a single package.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the coaxial conductor includes a plug boot ...

PLASMA HEADER GASKET AND SYSTEM

A plasma header gasket for use with an internal combustion engine includes plasma-igniters disposed around the perimeter of apertures in the gasket corresponding to piston cylinders in the engine. The plasma-igniters produce a plasma ionization field in time with the engine to increase the efficiency of combustion. 1. A plasma header gasket , comprising:a substrate having an aperture, wherein the aperture corresponds to a piston cylinder in an engine block;a plurality of Thorium-alloy conductors associated with the substrate; anda switched plasma-igniter electrically connected to the Thorium-alloy conductors, the switched plasma-igniter having a plasma-amplifier electrode disposed in the aperture, the plasma-amplifier electrode comprising a half-sphere conductor surrounded by and electrically isolated from a toroidal plasma emitter ring defining a plasma gap therebetween.2. The plasma header gasket of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises dielectric layers claim 1 , and wherein the Thorium-alloy conductors comprise electrically conductive Thorium-alloy circuit traces disposed between the dielectric layers.3. The plasma header gasket of claim 1 , further comprising a switching block electrically connected to the Thorium-alloy conductors.4. The plasma header gasket of claim 3 , wherein the Thorium-alloy circuit traces electrically connect the switched plasma-igniter to the switching block.5. The plasma header gasket of claim 3 , further comprising a plasma field sensor associated with the aperture and electrically connected to the switching block by a secondary conductor associated with the substrate.6. The plasma header gasket of claim 3 , comprising a plurality of pairs of Thorium-alloy conductors associated with the substrate and electrically connected to the switching block.7. The plasma header gasket of claim 6 , comprising a plurality of switched plasma-igniters each electrically connected to a respective one of the plurality of pairs of Thorium-alloy ...

IGNITION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPERATING AN IGNITION SYSTEM FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

A method for operating an ignition system for an internal combustion engine, including a first voltage generator and a bypass, is described. The bypass may include, for example, a boost converter for maintaining a spark generated with the aid of the first voltage generator. A speed of an internal combustion engine used with the ignition system is ascertained and the operating mode of the bypass is modified in response to the speed change. 113-. (Canceled)14. A method for operating an ignition system for an internal combustion engine , which includes a first voltage generator and a bypass for maintaining a spark generated with the first voltage generator , the method comprising:ascertaining a speed of an internal combustion engine used with the ignition system; andmodifying the operating mode of the bypass in response to a speed change.15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the modifying of the operating mode includes modifying a time interval of the voltage generation by the bypass.16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the modifying of the time interval of the voltage generation includes at least one of a shifting of the time interval across the crank angle claim 15 , and a lengthening or shortening of the time interval.17. The method of claim 14 , further comprising:classifying the speed; andcomparing the class with a reference.18. The method of claim 14 , wherein at least one of the following is satisfied: (i) the ascertainment of the speed includes an evaluation of a signal of an engine control unit claim 14 , and (ii) the ascertainment of the speed includes an evaluation of a crank angle over time.19. The method of claim 14 , further comprising:modifying the operating mode of the bypass in accordance with a stored reference.20. The method of claim 14 , wherein the modifying of the operating mode of the bypass includes a change of a spark duration to at least one of the following:(i) 2 ms to 4 ms if the speed reaches a range between 1500 rpm and 4500 rpm,(ii) 1 ms ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING OPERATION OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

An internal combustion engine includes a fuel injection system including a fuel injector disposed to inject fuel into the combustion chamber, and a plasma ignition system including a groundless barrier discharge plasma igniter that protrudes into the combustion chamber. A controller includes an executable instruction set to control the engine in a compression-ignition mode when the output torque request indicates a low load condition, including instructions to control a variable valve actuation system and control the plasma ignition system to execute plasma discharge events subsequent to controlling the fuel injection system to execute a fuel injection event, wherein the fuel injection event achieves a cylinder charge having a lean air/fuel ratio. 1. An internal combustion engine , comprising:a combustion chamber formed by cooperation of a cylinder bore formed in a cylinder block, a cylinder head and a piston;an intake valve and an exhaust valve disposed in the cylinder head and operative to control gas flow to the combustion chamber, and variable valve actuation systems operative to control openings and closings of the intake valve and the exhaust valve;a fuel injection system including a fuel injector disposed to inject fuel into the combustion chamber;a plasma ignition system electrically connected to a groundless barrier discharge plasma igniter protruding into the combustion chamber; and 'control the engine to operate in a compression-ignition mode when the output torque request indicates a low load condition, including providing instructions to control the variable valve actuation systems and control the plasma ignition system to execute plasma discharge events subsequent to controlling the fuel injection system to execute a fuel injection event that achieves a cylinder charge having a lean air/fuel ratio.', 'a controller operative to control operation of the variable valve actuation systems, the fuel injection system and the plasma ignition system in response ...

IGNITION PLUG AND IGNITION DEVICE

In an ignition plug, the volume V of a portion of an insulator, which projects from a metallic shell to a front side, is equal to or greater than 45 mm; and an expression 0.18≦VV≦0.37 is satisfied, where H is a length along which the insulator projects from the metallic shell to the front side in an axial direction, and V is a volume of a portion of the insulator, which projects from a front end of the insulator along a length H/ in the axial direction. 1. An ignition plug comprising:a center electrode extending from a front side to a rear side in an axial direction;an insulator formed in a bottomed tubular shape and enclosing a front end of the center electrode; anda metallic shell formed in a tubular shape extending in the axial direction and holding the insulator in a state where the insulator projects to the front side, wherein{'b': '1', 'sup': '3', 'a volume V of a portion of the insulator, which projects from the metallic shell to the front side, is equal to or greater than 45 mm, and'}{'b': 2', '1, 'an expression 0.18≦V/V≦0.37 is satisfied,'}where H is a length along which the insulator projects from the metallic shell to the front side in the axial direction, and{'b': 2', '2, 'V is a volume of another portion of the insulator, which projects from a front end of the insulator along a length H/ in the axial direction.'}2. The ignition plug according to claim 1 , wherein an expression 0 mm Подробнее

DUAL SIGNAL COAXIAL CAVITY RESONATOR PLASMA GENERATION

A plasma generator comprises a radio frequency power source, a coaxial cavity resonator assembly, and a direct current power source. The radio frequency power source provides a voltage supply of radio frequency power having a first ratio of power over voltage. The resonator assembly includes a center conductor coupled to the radio frequency power source, and also includes a virtual short circuit. The direct current power source is connected to the center conductor at the virtual short circuit, and provides a voltage supply of direct current power having a second ratio of power over voltage that is less than the first ratio. 1. A plasma generator comprising:a source of radio frequency power;a coaxial cavity resonator assembly including a center conductor that is both oriented in a coupling arrangement to the source of radio frequency power and is configured to maintain a voltage null at a first location; anda source of direct current power connected to the center conductor proximal to the first location.2. The plasma generator of claim 1 , further comprising:a radio frequency control component connected between the source of direct current power and the coaxial cavity resonator assembly, and configured to restrict the passage of a voltage supply of radio frequency power to the source of direct current power.3. The plasma generator of claim 2 , wherein the radio frequency control component is an additional resonator assembly configured to shift the voltage supply of radio frequency power 180 degrees out of phase relative to a ground plane of the coaxial cavity resonator assembly.4. The plasma generator of claim 1 , wherein the coaxial cavity resonator assembly comprises a plurality of quarter wave coaxial cavity resonators coupled in a series arrangement claim 1 , the resonators including center conductors coupled to the source of radio frequency power.5. The plasma generator of claim 1 , further comprising:a power source controller configured to direct the source of ...

IGNITION CONTROL SYSTEM

An ignition control system performs discharge generation control, in which a discharge spark is generated, once or a plurality of times during a single combustion cycle. The ignition control system successively calculates an approximate energy density based on a secondary current and a discharge path length. During a predetermined period after blocking of a primary current is performed during a single combustion cycle, the ignition control system calculates an integrated value by integrating the discharge path length at this time, based on the approximate energy density being greater than a predetermined value. The ignition control system performs the discharge generation control again based on the calculated integrated value being less than a first threshold. 1. An ignition control system that is applied to an internal combustion engine that includes a spark plug that generates , between a pair of discharge electrodes , a discharge spark for igniting a combustible air-fuel mixture inside a cylinder of the internal combustion engine , an ignition coil that includes a primary coil and a secondary coil and applies a secondary voltage to the spark plug through the secondary coil , a voltage value detecting unit that detects a voltage value of at least either of a primary voltage that is applied to the primary coil and the secondary voltage that is applied to the spark plug , and a secondary current detecting unit that detects a secondary current that flows to the spark plug , the ignition control system comprising:a primary current control unit that performs discharge generation control, in which the discharge spark is generated in the spark plug, once or a plurality of times during a single combustion cycle by causing blocking of a primary current to the primary coil to be performed after conduction of the primary current is performed;a discharge path length calculating unit that successively calculates a discharge path length as a length of the discharge spark that ...

IGNITION APPARATUS

In an ignition apparatus, an ignition plug is provided. In the ignition plug, a tubular outer conductor surrounds an inner conductor, and a dielectric member is disposed in the tubular outer conductor to define a plasma formation region between the inner conductor and the dielectric member. The plasma formation region has opposing first and second ends in the axial direction of the tubular outer conductor, and the first end of the plasma formation region communicates with the combustion chamber. A power source is connected between the inner and tubular outer conductors. A controller causes a power source to apply electromagnetic power pulses with intervals therebetween across the inner and tubular outer conductors during an ignition cycle of an engine. Each of the electromagnetic power pulses forms at least a corresponding plasma in the plasma formation region. 1. An ignition apparatus for igniting , based on a plasma , an air-fuel mixture in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine , the ignition apparatus comprising: an inner conductor;', 'a tubular outer conductor having an axial direction and arranged to surround the inner conductor; and', 'a dielectric member disposed in the tubular outer conductor to define a plasma formation region between the inner conductor and the dielectric member, the plasma formation region having opposing first and second ends in the axial direction of the tubular outer conductor, the first end of the plasma formation region communicating with the combustion chamber;, 'an ignition plug comprisinga power source connected between the inner conductor and the tubular outer conductor and configured to generate at least one electromagnetic power pulse; anda controller configured to cause the power source to apply electromagnetic power pulses with intervals therebetween across the inner conductor and the tubular outer conductor during an ignition cycle of the internal combustion engine, each of the electromagnetic power pulses ...

Ignition apparatus

To provide an ignition apparatus which can turn on and off the sub primary coil according to extension degree of the discharge path of the spark discharge. An ignition apparatus is provided with an ignition coil that is provided with a main primary coil, a sub primary coil which generates energization magnetic flux of a direction opposite to the energization magnetic flux of the main primary coil, and a secondary coil which is magnetically coupled with the main primary coil and the sub primary coil and supplies spark discharge energy to a spark plug; and after turning off energization to the main primary coil, based on a detection value of terminal voltage of the main primary coil, turns on and off the sub switch circuit to turn on and off energization to the sub primary coil and additionally supply spark discharge energy to the secondary coil.

Igniting combustible mixtures

The disclosure relates methods and related systems for controlling corona discharge in a combustion chamber without causing an arc strike. The methods can include measuring a baseline impedance of a circuit in electrical communication with an electrode, measuring an actual impedance of the circuit, determining an impedance setpoint based at least in part on the baseline impedance, comparing the actual impedance to the impedance setpoint, and adjusting the actual impedance based at least in part on the comparison between the actual impedance and the impedance setpoint. The electrode is arranged to deliver a corona discharge to the combustion chamber.

A method for igniting a fuel-air mixture of a combustion chamber, in particular in an internal combustion engine, by generating a corona discharge

Beschrieben wird ein Verfahren zum Zünden eines Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches in einem taktweise arbeitenden Verbrennungsmotor mit einer oder mehreren Brennkammern (1), welche durch auf Massepotential liegende Wände (2, 3, 4) begrenzt sind, mittels einer Zündeinrichtung mit einer in jeder Brennkammer (1) vorgesehenen Zündelektrode (5), in welchem Verfahren mittels eines elektrischen DC/AC-Wandlers (12), ein elektrischer Schwingkreis (7) erregt wird, der mit der Sekundärseite (17) des DC/AC-Wandlers (12) verbunden ist und in welchem die Zündelektrode (5), welche mittels eines Isolators (6) elektrisch isoliert durch eine der die Brennkammer (1) begrenzenden Wände (2, 3, 4) hindurchgeführt ist und in die Brennkammer (1) ragt, im Zusammenwirken mit den auf Massepotential liegenden Wänden (2, 3, 4) der Brennkammer (1) eine Kapazität darstellt, und in welchem die Erregung des Schwingkreises (7) in der Weise gesteuert wird, dass in jeder Brennkammer (1) an der Zündelektrode (5) eine das Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisch zündende Korona-Entladung (22) erzeugt wird. Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass Verbrennungsrückstände, welche sich auf der in der Brennkammer (1) liegenden Oberfläche des Isolators (6) abgelagert haben, in der Brennkammer (1) von Zeit zu Zeit von der Oberfläche des Isolators (6) insbesondere durch Vorgänge der Verbrennung und/oder der Elektroerosion entfernt werden. A method is described for igniting a fuel-air mixture in an internal combustion engine operating cyclically with one or more combustion chambers (1), which are limited by walls (2, 3, 4) at ground potential, by means of an ignition device with one in each combustion chamber (1) provided ignition electrode (5), in which method by means of an electrical DC / AC converter (12), an electrical oscillating circuit (7) is excited, which is connected to the secondary side (17) of the DC / AC converter (12) and in which the ignition electrode (5), which is electrically insulated by means of an insulator (6), is ...

A method for igniting a fuel-air mixture of a combustion chamber, in particular in an internal combustion engine by generating a corona discharge

Beschrieben wird ein Verfahren zum Zünden eines Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches in einem taktweise arbeitenden Verbrennungsmotor mit einer oder mehreren Brennkammern (1), welche durch auf Massepotential liegende Wände (2, 3, 4) begrenzt sind, mittels eines Zünders, in welchem Verfahren mittels eines elektrischen Transformators (12), der auf seiner Primärseite eine für das gewählte Zündsystem des Verbrennungsmotors charakteristische Baseline-Impedanz (ZBaseline) aufweist, ein elektrischer Schwingkreis (7) erregt wird, der mit einer Sekundärwicklung (17) des Transformators (12) verbunden ist und in welchem eine elektrisch isoliert durch eine der die Brennkammer (1) begrenzenden Wände (2, 3, 4) hindurchgeführte und in die Brennkammer (1) ragende Zündelektrode (5) im Zusammenwirken mit den auf Massepotential liegenden Wänden (2, 3, 4) der Brennkammer (1) eine Kapazität darstellt, und in welchem die Erregung des Schwingkreises (7) in der Weise gesteuert wird, dass in der Brennkammer (1) an der Zündelektrode (5) eine das Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisch zündende Korona-Entladung (22) erzeugt wird. Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass vor jedem Zündzeitpunkt des Verbrennungsmotors die an eine Primärwicklung (14, 15) des Transformators (12) angelegte elektrische Spannung (U) – nachfolgend als Primärspannung bezeichnet – schrittweise erhöht wird, wobei die Schritte, um welche die Primärspannung (U) erhöht wird, so gewählt werden, dass die Stärke des in der Primärwicklung (14, 15) fließenden elektrischen Stromes (I) – nachfolgend als Primärstrom bezeichnet – als Folge der schrittweisen Erhöhung der angelegten Primärspannung (U) schrittweise um Beträge wächst, die mit steigender Impedanz am Eingang des Transformators (12) kleiner werden und bei Annäherung an eine Spannung, bei welcher im Schwingkreis (7) ein Spannungsdurchbruch erfolgt – nachfolgend als Durchbruchsspannung UD bezeichnet – gegen ein vorgebbares Minimum streben. A method is described for igniting a fuel-air mixture in an ...

Method for igniting fuel-air mixture in cyclically operated internal combustion engine, involves connecting electric voltage to primary winding before each ignition point of combustion engine

The method involves connecting an electric voltage to a primary winding before each ignition point of a combustion engine. The primary winding is subsequently identified as primary voltage and is increased stepwise. The strength of the electric current flowing in the primary winding as consequence of primary voltage is subsequently identified as primary current and is repeatedly measured at the same voltage.

多触发的电晕放电点火组件及其控制和操作方法

本发明提供了一种电晕点火系统（20），其包括用于接收电能脉冲的点火器（22），各电能脉冲分别具有一射频。该点火器（22）发射电离燃料-空气混合物的电场脉冲，并在相同的时间段内提供多个电晕放电（24）脉冲，而不是提供一个连续的、非脉冲式电晕放电。系统（20）包括至少一个电源（48、50），其将电能提供至电晕驱动电路（52），该电能最终被提供至点火器（22）。系统（20）可以包括一可变高压电源（50）以及一本地电荷存储装置（70），以将电能脉冲提供至电晕驱动电路（52）。与单触发的电晕放电点火系统相比，该系统（20）提供了稳健的点火，并增强了防止电弧形成的能力，同时消耗了较少的能量。

Plasma igniter

点燃可燃的混合物

本披露涉及用于控制燃烧室中的电晕放电而不引起电弧闪击的方法以及相关系统。这些方法可以包括：测量与一个电极处于电连通的电路的基线阻抗、测量该电路的一个实际阻抗、至少部分地基于该基线阻抗确定一个阻抗设定点、将该实际阻抗与该阻抗设定点进行比较、并且至少部分地基于该实际阻抗与该阻抗设定点之间的比较对该实际阻抗进行调节。该电极被安排为对燃烧室传送一种电晕放电。

Traveling spark ignition system and ignitor therefor

본 발명은 내연 기관에서 연소 가능한 혼합물을 점화시키기 위한 플라즈마 점화 장치, 또는 플라즈마 발생원에 관한 것이다. 점화 장치는 전압이 전극을 가로질러 인가되는 경우에 외향 이동되는 플라즈마가 형성되도록 하는 치수를 갖고 배열된 적어도 두 개의 이격된 전극을 포함한다. 본 발명은 플라즈마 점화 장치를 구동시키기 위한 입력 전기 에너지의 효율적인 사용과, 종래 스파크 플러그에 의해 발생되는 크기를 여러배 초과하는 점화 플라즈마 핵을 특징으로 한다. 플라즈마 핵의 외향 운동 및 팽창은 혼합물에서의 초기 플라즈마 발생 후에 혼합물을 통해 전극 사이에 인가된 전압 및 전류 사이의 상호 작용으로부터 상부에 발생되는 로렌츠힘에 의해 발생된다. 혼합물의 희석이 배기 가스 재순환의 사용에 의해 성취되는 매우 희박한 상태의 연소 가능한 혼합물의 사용은 본 발명의 점화 시스템에 의해 가능해진다. 엔지 효율의 개선 및 NO X 가스 오염의 대폭 감소가 얻어진다. The present invention relates to a plasma ignition apparatus or a plasma generating source for igniting a combustible mixture in an internal combustion engine. The ignition device includes at least two spaced apart electrodes arranged with dimensions such that an outwardly moving plasma is formed when a voltage is applied across the electrodes. The invention features an efficient use of input electrical energy to drive a plasma ignition device, and an ignition plasma nucleus that exceeds several times the size generated by conventional spark plugs. The outward motion and expansion of the plasma nucleus is caused by the Lorentz force generated on top from the interaction between the voltage and current applied between the electrodes through the mixture after the initial plasma generation in the mixture. The use of a very lean combustible mixture in which dilution of the mixture is achieved by the use of exhaust gas recirculation is made possible by the ignition system of the present invention. The improvement of the engine efficiency and NO X significantly reduces contamination of the gas is obtained.

Method for igniting a fuel/air mixture of a combustion chamber

一种点燃内燃机内混合物的方法，包括由具有地电位的壁板分隔成的一个或多个燃烧室，其中点火系统的一次侧特有的基础阻抗的变压器用于激发电气振荡电路，该电路与变压器的二次绕组连接，且在该电路中点火电极与壁板一起形成一电容，该点火电极以电绝缘方式延伸穿过用于分隔形成燃烧室的壁板中的一个，这样便在点火电极处产生电晕放电，在内燃机任一点火动作之前，作用在变压器的一次绕组的原电压逐渐增加，其中原电压增加的增量是选定的，这样使得一次绕组上流动的电流即原电流的强度逐渐增加，因施加的原电压的逐步增加的量在变压器的输入点的阻抗增加时变得越来越小，且趋近于一特定的最小值，接近击穿电压，此时振荡电路中产生电压击穿。

A kind of method of fire fuel-gaseous mixture in firing chamber

一种点燃内燃机内混合物的方法，包括由具有地电位的壁板分隔成的一个或多个燃烧室，其中点火系统的一次侧特有的基础阻抗的变压器用于激发电气振荡电路，该电路与变压器的二次绕组连接，且在该电路中点火电极与壁板一起形成一电容，该点火电极以电绝缘方式延伸穿过用于分隔形成燃烧室的壁板中的一个，这样便在点火电极处产生电晕放电，在内燃机任一点火动作之前，作用在变压器的一次绕组的原电压逐渐增加，其中原电压增加的增量是选定的，这样使得一次绕组上流动的电流即原电流的强度逐渐增加，因施加的原电压的逐步增加的量在变压器的输入点的阻抗增加时变得越来越小，且趋近于一特定的最小值，接近击穿电压，此时振荡电路中产生电压击穿。

Plasma ignition system

Injector unit

【課題】 既存のディーゼルエンジンにおいてＣＮＧ等の気体燃料を使用可能とする。【解決手段】直噴式のインジェクタユニットであって、複数の気体燃料インジェクタと、気体燃料を着火する着火手段と、を備え、前記着火手段は、ケース部と、中心電極と、ケース部と中心電極を絶縁する絶縁体を有し、中心電極は、マイクロ波を入力する第１電極と、第１電極に容量結合する第２電極と、放電を行う放電部を含む第３電極を有し、第１電極と第２電極を用いてマイクロ波のインピーダンス整合を行い、第２電極とケース部で定まる接地容量、第３電極のコイルリアクタンス成分、及び第３電極とケース部で定まる放電容量からなる直列回路がマイクロ波と共振するように構成されることを特徴とする。【選択図】図４ PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To use a gas fuel such as CNG in an existing diesel engine. A direct injection type injector unit comprising a plurality of gaseous fuel injectors and ignition means for igniting gaseous fuel, wherein the ignition means includes a case portion, a center electrode, a case portion and a center electrode. The center electrode has a first electrode for inputting microwaves, a second electrode capacitively coupled to the first electrode, and a third electrode including a discharge part for discharging, A microwave impedance matching is performed using one electrode and the second electrode, and a series consisting of a ground capacitance determined by the second electrode and the case part, a coil reactance component of the third electrode, and a discharge capacity determined by the third electrode and the case part. The circuit is configured to resonate with the microwave. [Selection] Figure 4

Internal combustion engine ignited by microwave

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Spark plug of engine for vehicle

PURPOSE: A spark plug of an engine for a vehicle is provided to reduce manufacturing costs and enhance the convenience in a maintenance process by combining an injector for fuel injection and the spark plug. CONSTITUTION: The spark plug comprises three cables(32,34,40), wherein the cables(32,34) are used in applying current an electronic coil and a fuel pipe(20) having a filter(22) within an insulator(10), and the cable(40) is connected to a spark coil. An injector(50) comprises a needle(52), a nozzle(54) and an elastic member(56), which are mounted on a bottom of the insulator(10) and are operated by the magnetic force of the electronic coil. An electrode(60) is positioned near one end of the cable(40) on one side of the injector, and is grounded to a cylinder.

Ignition device

Electrical arrangement of hybrid ignition device

코로나 점화 시스템(20)은 코로나 구동 회로(26) 및 보조 에너지 회로(28)를 포함하고 있다. 에너지 회로(28)는 표준 코로나 점화 사이클 동안 에너지를 저장한다. 아크 방전이 발생하거나 코로나 방전이 아크 방전으로 전환될 때, 에너지 회로(28)는 저장된 에너지를 전극(30)에 방전하여 정교한 아크 방전(29)을 유지시켜서 신뢰할만한 점화를 제공한다. 저장된 에너지는 사전결정된 시간 동안 전극(30)에 전송된다. 아크 방전이 검출되고 아크 제어 신호(60)가 에너지 회로(28)에 전송되어 저장된 에너지의 전극(30)으로의 방전을 트리거한다. 저장된 에너지는 다양한 상이한 경로를 따라 전극(30)에 전송될 수 있다. 저장된 에너지의 전압은 보통 에너지 트랜스포머(70)에 의해 증가된 후에 전극(30)에 전송된다. The corona ignition system 20 includes a corona drive circuit 26 and an auxiliary energy circuit 28. The energy circuit 28 stores energy during a standard corona ignition cycle. When an arc discharge occurs or the corona discharge is switched to an arc discharge, the energy circuit 28 discharges the stored energy to the electrode 30 and maintains a sophisticated arc discharge 29 to provide a reliable ignition. The stored energy is transmitted to the electrode 30 for a predetermined time. An arc discharge is detected and an arc control signal 60 is transmitted to the energy circuit 28 to trigger the discharge of the stored energy to the electrode 30. The stored energy may be transmitted to the electrode 30 along a variety of different paths. The voltage of the stored energy is usually transferred to the electrode 30 after being increased by the energy transformer 70.

PLASMA GENERATION WITH A COAXIAL RESONATOR USING TWO SIGNALS

РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2016 143 542 A (51) МПК F02P 9/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2016143542, 07.04.2015 (71) Заявитель(и): ПЛАЗМА ИГНИТЕР, ЭлЭлСи (US) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 08.04.2014 US 61/976,843 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 08.11.2016 R U (43) Дата публикации заявки: 08.05.2018 Бюл. № 13 (72) Автор(ы): СПЕНСЕР Майкл Дж. (US), ЛОУЭРИ Эндрю Д. (US), СМИТ Джеймс И. (US) (86) Заявка PCT: (87) Публикация заявки PCT: WO 2015/157294 (15.10.2015) A Адрес для переписки: 129090, Москва, ул. Большая Спасская, д. 25, строение 3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры" R U (57) Формула изобретения 1. Генератор плазмы, содержащий: источник радиочастотной мощности; и узел коаксиального резонатора, включающий в себя центральный проводник, который ориентирован таким образом, что он имеет связь с источником радиочастотной мощности, и выполнен с возможностью поддерживать нулевое напряжение в первом месте. 2. Генератор плазмы по п. 1, дополнительно содержащий источник мощности постоянного тока. 3. Генератор плазмы по п. 2, в котором источник мощности постоянного тока соединен с центральным проводником проксимально к первому месту. 4. Генератор плазмы по п. 2, дополнительно содержащий радиочастотный компонент управления, присоединенный между источником мощности постоянного тока и узлом коаксиального резонатора и выполненный с возможностью препятствовать прохождению подачи напряжения радиочастотной мощности к источнику мощности постоянного тока. 5. Генератор плазмы по п. 4, в котором радиочастотный компонент управления представляет собой дополнительный узел резонатора, выполненный с возможностью осуществлять сдвиг по фазе подачи напряжения радиочастотной мощности на 180 Стр.: 1 A 2 0 1 6 1 4 3 5 4 2 (54) ГЕНЕРИРОВАНИЕ ПЛАЗМЫ С КОАКСИАЛЬНЫМ РЕЗОНАТОРОМ, ИСПОЛЬЗУЮЩИМ ДВА СИГНАЛА 2 0 1 6 1 4 3 5 4 2 US 2015/024727 (07.04.2015) ...

Ignition plug having multi-ignition pole

본 발명은 중심전극과, 스파크전극과 그리고 접지 전극을 포함하여 이루어 지는 점화 플러그의 구성에 있어서, 플러그에서 발생하는 불꽃이 방사상으로 와류를 일으켜 확산되게 하여 연소실 내부 혼합기와 화염이 와류가 형성되어 완전 연소가 가능하게 구성한 것으로, 그의 주요 구성은, 상기한 스파크 전극(10)은 중심전극 상부에 일체로 형성되며, 방사상으로 복수의 전극편(11)을 갖는 날개 형상으로 이루어 지며, 상기 스파크전극(10) 외주에 설치하는 접지전극(20)은 스파크전극(10) 전극편(11) 수와 같게 하고 스파크전극(10)과 일정간극을 유지하며 일정각도 틀어지게 설치되는 것을 특징으로 하며, 중심전극과 접지전극(20)의 스파크 발생부에는 1개 이상의 돌기를 형성하여 스파크의 발생 수를 늘리도록 하며, 상기한 전극들은 백금 또는 이리듐 중 어느 하나로 코팅 한 것을 특징으로 한다. The present invention provides a spark plug including a center electrode, a spark electrode, and a ground electrode, wherein sparks generated from the plug are radially vortexed to diffuse so that a vortex is formed inside the combustion chamber. Combustion is possible, and its main configuration is that the spark electrode 10 is integrally formed on the center electrode, and has a blade shape having a plurality of electrode pieces 11 radially, and the spark electrode ( 10) The ground electrode 20 to be installed on the outer periphery is the same as the number of the spark electrode 10, the electrode piece 11, maintains a constant gap with the spark electrode 10, and is installed at a predetermined angle, characterized in that the center electrode And the spark generating portion of the ground electrode 20 to increase the number of sparks by forming one or more projections, the electrodes are either platinum or iridium It is characterized by coating one.

Contactless electronic engine ignition control device for internal combustion engine