УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ МОНИТОРИНГА ЖИДКОЙ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ СРЕДЫ

Изобретение относится к технической физике, а именно к исследованию и анализу материалов с помощью оптических сред. Мониторинг жидкой биологической среды, например компонент диализной жидкости в процессе гемодиализа, основанный на формировании светового пучка источника сплошного спектра в контролируемой зоне жидкой биологической среды, разложении прошедшего излучения в спектр, заключается в том, что перед началом мониторинга пропускают поток светового излучения через кювету с растворами исследуемых компонент известной концентрации, разлагают прошедшее излучение в спектр и определяют участок спектра, включающий все полосы поглощения исследуемых компонент, затем в этом участке определяют изменение характеристик поглощения и вычисляют спектральные коэффициенты корреляции динамики поглощения для каждой исследуемой компоненты, потом пропускают световой поток через кювету с протекающей через нее жидкой биологической средой, разлагают прошедшее излучение в спектр и измеряют коэффициент пропускания ...

СПОСОБ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ СТЕПЕНИ И РАВНОМЕРНОСТИ ПРОКАЛИВАНИЯ ГЛИНОЗЕМОВ

Использование - измерительная техника. Способ включает следующие стадии: смешение анализируемого кремнезема с жидкостью, показатель преломления которой находится в пределах от показателя преломления непрокаленного глинозема до показателя преломления прокаленного глинозема; подготовку пластины для исследования названной смеси в названном устройстве для анализа изображений, где эту смесь освещают с помощью постоянного полихроматического излучения прием изображения камерой, и обработку сигнала, дающего описание изображения, построенного из определенного числа пикселей с тремя цветовыми составляющими; статистическую обработку названных пикселей с использованием их цветовых составляющих, позволяющую получить степень прокаливания и однородность прокаливания. Технический результат - ускорение процесса измерений. 2 н. и 4 з.п. ф-лы, 7 ил.

Системы и способы опроса параметров во множестве мест в образце

Группа изобретений относится к оптической измерительной технике. Система (100) для опроса одного или нескольких параметров во множестве мест в образце (108) содержит первый сверхбыстрый лазерный источник (102), сконфигурированный для подачи первого множества импульсов, причем первый источник (102) сконфигурирован для подачи гребенки частот, имеющих первую частоту повторения, при этом первое множество импульсов взаимодействует с образцом (108) во множестве мест в образце (108) для получения обработанных импульсов. Также система содержит второй сверхбыстрый лазерный источник (104), сконфигурированный для подачи второго множества импульсов, причем второй источник (104) сконфигурирован для подачи гребенки частот, имеющих вторую частоту повторения, которая отличается от первой частоты повторения. Кроме того, система содержит опорное устройство (110), выполненное с возможностью подачи опорных импульсов, имеющих переменную временную задержку, переменную задержку по фазе, переменную разность хода ...

СПОСОБ И СИСТЕМА ДЛЯ КОНТРОЛЯ КАЧЕСТВА ПАРА

Изобретение относится к системам для контроля пара и определения распределения размеров капель. Способ определения качества влажного пара, находящегося внутри паровой турбины, включает излучение оптическим датчиком (52, 54) множества длин волн через влажный пар, измерение с помощью оптического датчика (52, 54) интенсивности влажного пара, соответствующей каждой из множества длин волн, пропускаемых через влажный пар, определение вектора отношения интенсивностей путем деления интенсивности влажного пара на соответствующую интенсивность сухого пара для каждой из множества длин волн, последовательное применение масштабных коэффициентов к вектору отношения интенсивностей для получения масштабированного вектора отношения интенсивностей, расчет подходящего значения для каждого из масштабных коэффициентов для получения множества разностей, определение минимальной разности из указанного множества разностей, определение распределения размеров капель путем вычисления количественной плотности капель ...

СИСТЕМА ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ ГАЗА

Изобретение относится к системам и способам обнаружения и измерения газов в образце, а более конкретно к системам абсорбционной спектроскопии и способам количественного определения редких веществ (например, сероводорода) в образце газа, например в образце природного газа. Заявленная спектроскопическая система для измерения следового уровня и/или ультраследового уровня содержания сероводорода в образце природного газа содержит: лазер для генерации выходного пучка в совокупности из одного или более дискретных или непрерывных диапазонов длин волн при частоте сканирования от примерно 0,1 Гц до примерно 1000 Гц в указанной совокупности из одной или более дискретных или непрерывных диапазонов длин волн; передающую оптику для направления и/или формирования выходного пучка от лазера к образцу природного газа; оптический детектор для приема света из образца природного газа и выработки детекторного сигнала, соответствующего принятому свету; и процессор вычислительного устройства и запоминающее устройство ...

УСТРОЙСТВА И СПОСОБ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ ПОГЛОЩЕНИЯ СВЕТА НА ИСПЫТЫВАЕМОМ ОБРАЗЦЕ И ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ ДЛЯ УСТАНОВЛЕНИЯ СООТВЕТСТВИЯ НА КОНТРОЛЬНОМ ОБРАЗЦЕ

Раскрыты устройства и способы для выполнения измерения поглощения света на испытываемом образце и измерения для установления соответствия на контрольном образце. Способ включает в себя этап перемещения носителя приемника контрольного образца устройства для расположения первого приемника контрольного образца, принимаемого в носителе, во втором положении на пути света, этап направления света от системы освещения к системе детектирования вдоль пути света для выполнения измерения поглощения света на первом контрольном образце, во втором положении, этап перемещения носителя для расположения первого приемника за пределами пути света, этап размещения приемника испытываемого образца в держателе приемника испытываемого образца упомянутого устройства на пути света в первом положении, отличном от второго положения, и этап направления света вдоль пути света для выполнения измерения поглощения света на испытываемом образце, содержащемся в держателе приемника испытываемого образца в первом положении.

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ УКСУСНОЙ КИСЛОТЫ

Изобретение относится к усовершенствованному способу получения уксусной кислоты, который включает следующие стадии: (а) карбонилирование метанола и/или его реакционноспособного производного моноксидом углерода в первой реакционной зоне, включающей жидкую реакционную смесь, содержащую катализатор карбонилирования и промоторный металл для катализатора карбонилирования, метилиодид, метилацетат, уксусную кислоту и необязательно воду, где в жидкой реакционной смеси находятся в равновесии по меньшей мере первый растворимый каталитический материал с промоторным металлом и второй растворимый каталитический материал с промоторным металлом, причем среди материалов, находящихся в равновесии, первый каталитический материал с промоторным металлом является наименее промоторно активным; (б) отвод из упомянутой первой реакционной зоны жидкой реакционной смеси совместно с растворенными и/или захваченными моноксидом углерода и другими газами; (в) необязательное пропускание упомянутой отводимой жидкой реакционной ...

Устройство для измерения концентрации метана в смеси газов

Устройство для измерения концентрации метана в смеси газов основано на одновременном измерении поглощения на большой совокупности линий колебательно-вращательного спектра. Указанное обеспечивается за счёт выполнения каналов дифракционного элемента в виде набора прозрачных оптических световодов и за счёт использования между выходами оптических световодов и сумматором оптического устройства управления амплитудами света, выполненного в виде транспаранта с пропусканием, соответствующим каждому из каналов для управления формой контуров линий сформированного суммарного сигнала. Технический результат заключается в увеличении чувствительности обнаружения метана в атмосфере и повышении точности измерения концентрации за счёт высокой спектральной селективности и возможности использования большинства линий молекулярного спектра. 9 ил., приложение.

УСТРОЙСТВО СЕЛЕКТИВНОГО КОНТРОЛЯ АВАРИЙНЫХ СБРОСОВ

Изобретение относится к области измерительной техники и касается устройства селективного контроля аварийных сбросов. Устройство содержит канал движения контролируемой среды с установленным в нем оптоэлектронным датчиком и отводы с элементами блокировки движения контролируемой среды, соединенные с блоком обработки и управления. Оптоэлектронный датчик содержит блок из n излучателей с разной длиной волны излучения, соединенных с помощью световодов в общий световод, и фотоприемник. Фотоприемник и излучатели оптоэлектронного датчика соединены с блоком обработки и управления. Блок обработки и управления выполнен с возможностью хранения значений оптических плотностей компонентов среды. Технический результат заключается в повышении оперативности и точности разделения загрязняющих веществ, направляемых на селективную фильтрацию, и снижении уровня загрязнения сточных вод. 1 з.п. ф-лы, 2 ил.

ОПТИЧЕСКИЕ ВЫЧИСЛИТЕЛЬНЫЕ УСТРОЙСТВА ДЛЯ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ КОЛИЧЕСТВА И ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ПЕРЕКАЧИВАЕМЫХ ПО ТРУБОПРОВОДАМ ТЕКУЧИХ СРЕД НА ЭТАПЕ СДАЧИ-ПРИЕМКИ

Изобретение относится к устройству, содержащему интегрированный вычислительный элемент (ICE), расположенный для оптического взаимодействия с электромагнитным излучением от текучей среды и, таким образом, формирования оптически провзаимодействовавшего излучения, соответствующего характеристике текучей среды, и способу использования устройства. Устройство содержит детектор, расположенный с возможностью приема оптически провзаимодействовавшего излучения и формирования выходного сигнала, пропорционального интенсивности оптически провзаимодействовавшего излучения. Устройство дополнительно содержит процессор, расположенный с возможностью приема выходного сигнала и определения характеристики текучей среды. Устройство соединено с контроллером, выполненным с возможностью предоставления команд системе перемещения текучей среды для хранения и считывания, а также изменения параметра потока текучей среды на основе параметра качества углеводородного продукта, причем изменение параметра потока текучей ...

ОПТИЧЕСКОЕ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ АНИОННОГО ЗАРЯДА В ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОМ ПОТОКЕ

Изобретение относится к способу оптического измерения водного потока и обработки результатов измерения с целью определения анионного заряда потока. Способ характеризуется тем, что вводят в водный поток фиксированное количество катионного красителя, измеряют спектры поглощения или пропускания оптического излучения результирующим потоком, содержащим краситель, и определяют анионный заряд указанного водного потока путем обработки полученного спектра поглощения оптического излучения, используя математические операции обработки по взятию производной, причем минимальное или максимальное значение производной в области максимального поглощения красителя используют в вычислениях с обеспечением его корреляции с суммарным зарядом потока. При этом указанный водный поток содержит по меньшей мере растворенные и коллоидные вещества. 7 н. и 17 з.п. ф-лы, 8 ил.

СИСТЕМА И СПОСОБ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ КОМПОНЕНТОВ

Изобретение относится к измерению концентрации примесей путем адсорбции света. Раскрыт способ измерения концентрации компонентов в образце, содержащий следующие этапы: пропускание через образец света от первого источника света к первому светочувствительному элементу; измерение первой интенсивности света, принятого первым светочувствительным элементом; пропускание через образец света от второго источника света ко второму светочувствительному элементу при первой интенсивности света; измерение второй интенсивности света, принятого вторым светочувствительным элементом; определение уровня адсорбции на основании разницы в интенсивности света, излучаемого первым источником света, и второй интенсивности света; и вычисление концентрации компонентов в образце на основании уровня адсорбции и общей оптической длины пути света, прошедшего между первым источником света и светочувствительным элементом и вторым источником света и светочувствительным элементом. Изобретение обеспечивает достижение необходимой ...

УСТРОЙСТВО И СПОСОБ СПЕКТРОСКОПИЧЕСКОГО ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ КОМПОНЕНТА ГАЗА ПУТЕМ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ ОДНОЙ ЕДИНСТВЕННОЙ ЛИНИИ ПОГЛОЩЕНИЯ

... 1. Устройство для определения концентрации по меньшей мере одного компонента технологического газа с помощью лазера (2а), излучение которого пересекает заполненное технологическим газом пространство (1), отличающееся тем, что лазерное излучение частично свободно проходит сквозь технологический газ и частично экранировано от технологического газа, при этом измерительный участок (4) для спектроскопического измерения точно одной линии поглощения ограничен только тем отрезком траектории распространения лазерного излучения, на котором оно свободно проходит сквозь технологический газ. 2. Устройство по п.1, отличающееся тем, что для экранирования лазерного излучения предусмотрен экранирующий элемент (3), выполненный в виде полого элемента (3). 3. Устройство по п.1, отличающееся тем, что в зоне экранирующего элемента (3) предусмотрены средства для подачи продувочного газа, предназначенного для вытеснения технологического газа из экранирующего элемента (3), прежде всего из полого элемента (3). 4 ...

СПОСОБ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ СОДЕРЖАНИЯ МЕТАЛЛОВ В ПРОБАХ МЕТОДОМ ЭЛЕКТРОТЕРМИЧЕСКОЙ АТОМНО-АБСОРБЦИОННОЙ СПЕКТРОМЕТРИИ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ

... 1. Способ определения содержания металлов в пробах методом электротермической атомно-абсорбционной спектрометрии, включающий: введение пробы в электротермическую кювету, расположенную в постоянном магнитном поле; атомизацию пробы путем нагревания электротермической кюветы; прохождение сквозь атомизованную пробу пучка излучения с длиной волны, соответствующей резонансному поглощению металла, содержание которого в пробе измеряется, отличающийся тем, что пучок излучение перед прохождением атомизованной пробы частично линейно поляризуют; измеряют изменение угла наклона плоскости поляризации пучка после прохождения атомизованной пробы, и исходя из этой величины, определяют содержание металла в пробе. ! 2. Устройство для определения содержания металлов в пробах методом электротермической атомно-абсорбционной спектрометрии, содержащее: оптически связанные источник излучения с длиной волны, соответствующей резонансному поглощению металла, содержание которого в пробе измеряется, первый поляризатор ...

СПОСОБ ОЦЕНКИ УРОВНЯ ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ АТМОСФЕРНОГО ВОЗДУХА ТЯЖЕЛЫМИ МЕТАЛЛАМИ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ НАКОПЛЕНИЯ ТЯЖЕЛЫХ МЕТАЛЛОВ В ОРГАНИЗМЕ МЕДОНОСНЫХ ПЧЕЛ

СПОСОБ ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ БУДУЩЕЙ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ

... 1. Способ прогнозирования будущей характеристики системы, включающей один или более реагентов, подвергающихся процессу, при этом способ включает этапы, на которых: ! измеряют множество характеристик указанной системы во множество моментов времени с формированием множества результатов измерений каждой характеристики в течение периода времени; и ! прогнозируют указанную будущую характеристику путем формирования комбинации указанного множества измеренных характеристик посредством комбинирования характеристик с использованием заданных весов для каждой измеренной характеристики в каждый момент времени. ! 2. Способ по п.1, в котором указанная комбинация указанного множества измеренных характеристик является линейной комбинацией указанного множества измеренных характеристик. ! 3. Способ по п.1, дополнительно включающий этап вычисления указанных заданных весов путем анализа совокупности указанной системы из указанного одного или более реагентов, подвергающихся указанному процессу с известной указанной ...

СПОСОБ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ ЙОДОСОДЕРЖАЩИХ ВЕЩЕСТВ, ОБРАЗУЮЩИХСЯ ПРИ ПЕРЕРАБОТКЕ ОТРАБОТАННОГО ЯДЕРНОГО ТОПЛИВА, И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ

... 1. Способ определения концентраций иодосодержащих веществ, образующихся при переработке отработанного ядерного топлива, заключающийся в измерении поглощения излучения на трех длинах волн, отличающийся тем, что анализируемый раствор прокачивают через аэрозольный фильтр очистки от нерастворенных частиц, задерживающий частицы до размера а, направляют его в измерительную ячейку, облучаемую излучением на трех длинах волн λ1, λ2 и λ3, при этом λ1 поддерживают в диапазоне длин волн от 390 до 410 нм, λ2 - от 440 до 450 нм, λ3 - от 500 до 700 нм, рассчитывают два коэффициента ξi(α)(i=1, 2), являющиеся отношениями интенсивностей рассеянного излучения на длинах волн λ1, и λ2 к интенсивности рассеянного излучения на длине волны λ3 при размере рассеивающих частиц а, измеряют интенсивности излучения, перед вводом в измерительную ячейку на соответствующих длинах волн λ1, λ2 и λ3 при прокачке через нее чистого водного раствора азотной кислоты, одновременно измеряют интенсивности излучения, прошедшего через ...

СИСТЕМА ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ ГАЗА

СПОСОБ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ЦЕННОСТИ ФИТОЭКСТРАКТОВ В РАСТВОРЕ

Изобретение относится к способам определения качества материалов путем определения их химико-физических характеристик по изменению поглощения света и может быть использовано для определения биологической ценности фитопрепарата Эраконд. Сущность изобретения: готовят 0,8%-ный рабочий раствор Эраконда и коагулянт - 8%-ный раствор цитрата натрия, смешивают их в соотношении 7:1. Определяют светопропускание рабочего раствора до приливания в него коагулянта. Приливают коагулянт в рабочий раствор. Измеряют светопропускание рабочего раствора с прилитым коагулянтом начиная с момента приливания коагулянта в течение 3 - 3,5 мин. Измерения производят трижды. Среднее значение разницы светопропускания рабочего раствора и рабочего раствора с коагулянтом принимают за величину биологической активности фитопрепарата Эраконд, его биологической ценности.

СПОСОБ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ОБЪЕМА ВЫБРОСОВ В АТМОСФЕРУ ОТ ПРИРОДНЫХ ПОЖАРОВ

Способ определения объема выбросов в атмосферу от природных пожаров включает синхронную съемку подстилающей поверхности цифровой видеокамерой и гиперспектрометром, установленными на космическом носителе, с положением входной щели спектрометра соосно центральному участку кадра видеоизображения, выделение методами пространственного дифференцирования функции яркости I(х,у), градиентного контура пожара на видеоизображении, расчет концентрации q[мг/м] вредных выбросов от пожара по измеренному гиперспектрометром эталонному затуханию светового луча, дважды прошедшего атмосферу в полосе поглощения кислорода 761…767 нм, концентрация которого в атмосфере считается известной и его затуханию в видимом диапазоне, построение гистограммы яркости пикселей внутри контура и их калибровку в значениях измеренной концентрации для пикселей центрального участка кадра видеоизображения, определение объема выбросов V[тонн]=m·S·А·Н, где m[мг/м] - средняя концентрация суммарного загрязнения по всем прокалиброванным ...

СПОСОБ АНАЛИЗА ГЕМОГЛОБИНА И СИСТЕМА ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ

... 1. Способ количественного определения гемоглобина в неразбавленной негемолизированной цельной крови, который включает в себя следующие операции: использование одноразовой капиллярной кюветы, которая имеет оптическую длину пути менее чем 1 мм, заполнение указанной кюветы пробой неизмененной цельной крови, проведение первого измерения поглощения на длине волн в диапазоне 490-520 нм непосредственно на пробе в кювете, дополнительное проведение второго измерения поглощения и обработка результатов первого и второго измерений поглощения для определения концентрации гемоглобина в пробе, причем операция обработки включает в себя компенсацию светорассеяния в пробе, при этом указанная компенсация зависит от результата второго измерения поглощения. 2. Способ по п.1, в котором первое измерение поглощения проводят на длине волн в диапазоне 500-510 нм, более предпочтительно 506 нм. 3. Способ по п.1 или 2, в котором второе измерение поглощения проводят на длине волн в диапазоне 650-1200 нм, более предпочтительно ...

ФОТОДЕНСИТОМЕТР ДЛЯ ТОНКОСЛОЙНОЙ ХРОМАТОГРАФИИ

Модуляционный способ спектрального анализа

МОДУЛЯЦИОННЫЙ СПОСОБ СПЕКТРАЛЬНОГО АНАЛИЗА, включающий выделение спектрального интервала. содержащего анализируемый спектр, циклическую спектральную модуляцию исследуемого излучения, преобразование излучения в электрический сигнал, измерение электрического сигнала на частотах, кратных частоте модуляции, отличающийся тем, что, с целью повышения чувствительности и достоверности анализа, амплитуду модуляции выбирают кратной половине спектрального интервала между регистрируемыми линиями спектрального излучения (поглощения) определяемого вещества, причем скорость модуляции устанавливают переменной таким образом, чтобы время.прохождения интервалов между регистрируемыми спектральными линиями определяемого вещества было одинаковым, а частоту измеряемого сигнала выбирают в соответствии с числом спектральных интервасл лов между регистрируемыми линиями излучения (поглощения) в модулируемом спектральном диапазоне.

DEVICE FOR DETERMINATION OF CONCENTRATION OF VAPORS OF SUBSTANCE UNDER TEST

Способ определения серусодержащих ускорителей вулканизации

Использование: для масс-спектрального анализа в аналитической химии, санитарно- химического исследования резин. Сущность изобретения: к 15 см3 водной вытяжки из резины на основе диенового каучука добавляют разбавленного водой в отношении 1:300,1 см3 латекса изопренового каучука с мол.м. 2,5-3,0 млн, Добавляют 1 см3этанолаи 1 см340%-ного водного раствора нитрата кальция. Нагревают смесь на кипящей водяной бане 5 мин. Образовавшийся коагулят исследуют в масс-спектрометре . Определяют содержание в резине на основе натурального каучука стиурамоми бенз- тиазолилмеркаптидом Zn, бензтиазолилмеркап- тида Zn 0,006-0,008 мг/л, продолжительность способа 1 ч. 2 табл.

Устройство для определения концентрации нефти и нефтепродуктов в воде

Изобретение относится к области анализа жидких средств и может быть использовано в судах и стационарных приборах в процессе очистки водонеф- тяных смесей (ляльных, балластных. промывочных) для автоматического определения концентрации нефти и нефтепродуктов . Целью настоящего изобретения является повышение точности измерений. Устройство состоит из корпуса 14, внутри которого помещен диск 23 со стаканом 25, внутри которого установлена трубка 17 с перфорированными дисками 18, между дном стакана и диском установлены фильтрующие цилиндрические элементы 28. Кроме того, введены дополнительный блок, содержащий задатчик уровня концентрации нефти, измеритель времени и управления дополнительными клапанами, позволяющие повысить точность измерений за счет измерения времени насыщения растворителя нефтью до концентрации , определяемой порогом срабаты- вания фотометра. 3 ил. о (Л 25 29 ts (Х) ю О) () сл QD 31 19 Фи.г ...

Способ измерения сил осцилляторов

Изобретение относится к области спектроскопии и может быть использовано для определения матричных элементов электронных переходов в атомах или мо- йекулах, вероятностей переходов и сил осцилляторов. Цель изобретения - повышение точности и быстродействия измерений. Способ измерения сил осцилляторов электронных переходов между возбужденными уровнями в атомах и молекулах реализуют для схемы электронных уровней, содержащей основной уровень 1, нижний 2 и верхний 3 возбужденные уровни, где -0,2, и - частоты переходов между ними, л), - частота кванта многомодового лазера.. При реализации способа излучение узкополосного лазера на рубине с длиной волны Л 694,3 нм направляют на раствор красителя, в результате чего в резонаторе широкополосного возникает многомодовая генерация . В этот резонатор помещают также кювету с исследуемым веществом, например парами калия. Синхронизация излучения обоих лазеров достигается автоматически. Резонансные переходы в атомах калия 4 S ,j , 3/1 блюдаются в спектре генерации ...

Оптический абсорбционный анали-зАТОР

Устройство измерения коэффициента селективного пропускания

Устройство для контроля сдвоенности листов бумаги

... 1. УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ КОНТРОЛЯ СДВОЕННОСТИ ЛИСТОВ БУМАГИ, имеющее источник света и фотоэлектронный приемник, расположенные по разные стороны от траектории движения листов бумаги и оптически связанные между собой , усилитель постоянного тока, вход которого соединен с фотоэлектронным приемником , сравнения напряжений, первый вход которой соединен с выходом усилителя постоянного тока, и селектор длительности импульсов, отличающееся тем, что, с целью повышения точности контроля путем устранения влияния изменения уровня посторонней подсветки, в устройство введены формирователь сигналов управления , модулятор. интенсивности источника света, блок выборки и хранения аналогового сигнала, характеризующего постороннюю подсветку, и схема блокировки, причем вход формирователя сигналов управления соединен с выходом усилителя постоянного тока и входом блока выборки и хранения, первый выход формирователя сигналов управления соединен с управляющим входом схемы блокировки, второй выход формирователя сигналов ...

Spektraler pyroelektrischer Infrarotmotorsensor

VORRICHTUNG UND VERFAHREN ZUR BESTIMMUNG EINES ERSTEN PARAMETERS EINES OBJEKTES

Quantitatives spektralanalytisches Verfahren

Smoke density determination apparatus - uses extinction of light beam compared with reference beam

The apparatus is used for extinction determination of smoke density in chimneys, or dust concentration, measurement. The extinction modulus in the case of two or more different wave-lengths is measured, and the quotient is formed from the extinction modulum determined and evaluated. The light of a beam source (1) is split into a measuring beam (M) and a comparison beam (V) by means of a partly transmissive mirror (2). The measuring beam (M) is parallel aligned by a first converging lens (3). It passes through a light emergence window (4) into the measuring path with the smoke or other aerosol to be tested.

Atomabsorptionsspektroskopisches Analyse-Gerät

Messverfahren zur Bestimmung der Menge eines Fremdstoffes in einer verunreinigten Substanz und Geraet zur Durchfuehrung dieses Verfahrens

SIGNALAUSWERTERSCHALTUNG FUER EIN MESSGERAET ZUR MESSUNG DER EXTINKTION

Spectro-photometric appts to detect synthetic gems - e.g. differentiation between natural, hydrothermal and "selsfondus" beryl

In a spectrophotometric appts. for differentiating between natural and synthetic precious stones using a continuous-spectrum radiation source, a monochromator and a sample carrier, the monochromator has a first carrier plate to which interference filters can be fitted and moved perpendicularly to the beam of light so that they can be centered on the beam. A second carrier parallel to the first and further than the first from the light source carries a polariser which can be centerd on the beam axis and rotated. The sample carrier consists of a parallel-sides conventional cuvette of a material transparent w.r.t. the light source and contains a liq. with a high sensitivity refractive index approx. equal to that of the sample stone. At least one filter is transparent for light of characteristic wavelength for the sample stone, whose wavelength corresp. to a sharp narrow absorption band of the absorption spectrum for a molecule of different composition to that of the stone. A second filter ...

Atomic absorption spectroscopy by laser beam - using pulse light source and delay line network

A single pulse light source is provided to stimulate the active laser medium and generate background radiation for evidence of absorption. To ensure side-on emission of the stimulating energy and end-on emission of the background radiation, the pulse light source has a conventional angle-shaped form and has a plane-parallel exit window made of quarz for the background radiation. There can be a delay line network to generate trapezoidal light pulses with steep flanks and with a duration up to a few miliseconds. The background radiation can be directed at right angles to the laser radiation by optical means.

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR MESSUNG ODER BESTIMMUNG EINER ODER MEHRERER EIGENSCHAFTEN ODER DER IDENTITAET EINER PROBE.

KORRELATIONS-GASANALYSATOR

Verfahren zur Steuerung und Optimierung industrieller Prozesse

Absorptionsspektrometer

Absorptionsspektrometer mit einer Basis (2), einem Arm (3), einer Lichtquelle (9), einem Detektor (10) und einem Lager (22), wobei die Basis (2) ein Basisfenster (7) und ein Element von Lichtquelle (9) und Detektor (10) aufweist und der Arm (3) ein Armfenster (8) und das andere Element von Lichtquelle (9) und Detektor (10) aufweist, wobei der Arm (3) mittels des Lagers (22) drehbar an der Basis (2) befestigt ist, um den Arm (3) relativ zu der Basis (2) um eine Rotationsachse (21), die im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu den Fenstern (7, 8) ist, in eine offene Stellung des Arms (3) zu rotieren, in der die Fenster (7, 8) derart voneinander getrennt sind, dass sie von außerhalb zugänglich sind, und der Arm (3) mittels des Lagers (22) in eine geschlossene Stellung des Arms (3) bewegbar ist, in der ein geschlossener Probenraum (20) zwischen und von den Fenstern (7, 8) begrenzt gebildet ist und von der Lichtquelle (9) emittiertes Licht durch die Fenster (7, 8) und den Probenraum (20) passierbar ist ...

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR GASANALYSE

MESSEINRICHTUNG FUER DIE OPTISCHE GASANALYSE

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Extrusion eines nicht rotationssymmetrischen Stranges

Verfahren zur Extrusion eines nicht rotationssymmetrischen Stranges aus mindestens zwei, insbesondere drei, sich zumindest teilweise überlappenden Strangkomponenten, jeweils bestehend aus einem Elastomer oder einer Elastomermischung, insbesondere Kautschuk oder Kautschukmischung, wobei die Strangkomponenten Grenzflächen und/oder Stoßstellen miteinander ausbilden, die Position von Außenkoordinaten des Stranges unter Verwendung eines berührungslosen Messverfahrens, insbesondere eines Lasermessverfahrens, ermittelbar ist, weiterhin zur Bestimmung der Position von Koordinaten der Grenzflächen und/oder Stoßstellen und/oder der Verteilung der Strangkomponenten im Strangquerschnitt elektromagnetische Strahlung emittiert wird, welche den Strang zumindest teilweise durchdringt, die elektromagnetische Strahlung nach dem zumindest teilweisen Durchdringen des Stranges detektiert sowie hierdurch mindestens ein Messsignal erzeugt wird und der Strang sich dabei relativ zu zumindest einer die elektromagnetische ...

Multielement-Atomabsorptionsspektrometer sowie Meßverfahren unter Nutzung eines solchen Atomabsorptionsspektrometers

Glucose concn. measurement in a biological sample

To analyse the concn. of glucose in a biological sample, such as body fluid or tissue, a light beam is used to pass through the sample to a light receiver. Part of the emitted light beam is passed through a reference light path to the receiver with a defined optical light path length. The prim. sample light path side and the measurement light sec. side path together give a defined optical light path length. The sec. side sample light path and the reference lights interfere. The light receiver measures the interference signal, to determine the glucose concn.. Also claimed is an assembly, where the light transmitter (10) and light receiver (23) are linked by a reference light path (26) with a defined optical path length. An optical coupler (7) is at the sec. side measurement light path, to combine the sec. side light path (24) and the reference light path (26) to arrive at the light receiver at the same point and generate an interference signal.

DETEKTIONSVERFAHREN UND VERFAHREN ZUR QUANTITATIVEN ANALYSE VON WASSERSTOFFRADIKALEN

Nanomarkierung

Verfahren für die optische Messung einer Flüssigkeit in einem porösen Material

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR BESTIMMUNG DER KONZENTRATION VON ASPHALTEN.

Method and a device for determining the emission rate of at least one gas component of a gas mixture

The method according to the invention and the device for determining the emission rate (Ns) of a gas component (G1, G2) in a gas mixture (G) comprises an intensity-measurement device (GSC) for selective measurement of the spatial intensity distribution (Is(x, y)) of at least one gas component (G1, G2) of the gas mixture (G). A particle analyser (TAN) is provided for measuring the line integral of the quantity of particles ((n . L)s) of at least one gas component (G1, G2) along the width (L) of the gas stream (G). A first calculation device (C1) determines the flow velocity (v) of the gas mixture (G) from the spatial intensity distribution (Is(x, y)), a second calculation device (C2) determines a geometric factor (G) for the gas component from the gradient of the spatial intensity distribution (Is(x, y)) in the radial direction (x), and a third calculation device (C3) determines the emission rate (Ns) from the geometric factor (G), the flow velocity (V) and the line integral of the quantity ...

Process for analyzing a fused material by optical emission spectrometry comprises using a sensitive element with an excitation unit to excite the material being analyzed

Process for analyzing a fused material by optical emission spectrometry comprises using a sensitive element with an excitation unit to excite the material being analyzed, contacting the sensitive element with the material being analyzed, determining an analysis signal containing analysis elements which are delivered by a spectrometer, and following the partial chemical elemental composition of the material being analyzed from the analysis signal. An independent claim is also included for an immersion sensor for analyzing the fused material.

ANALYSIERVORRICHTUNG MIT ATOMARER ABSORPTION

Verfahren zur Konzentrationsbestimmung mittels Kontinuums-Atomabsorptionsspektroskopie

Gassensor und Verfahren zum Detektieren wenigstens einer Gaskomponente

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Gassensor (5) zum Detektieren wenigstens einer Gaskomponente. Der Gassensor (5) umfasst einen photonischen Kristall (1), welcher eine Mehrzahl von in wenigstens eine Raumrichtung periodisch angeordneten Strukturelementen (2) aufweist. Der photonische Kristall (1) weist des Weiteren wenigstens eine Störstelle auf, durch welche wenigstens ein Resonator (12) für elektromagnetische Strahlung einer Wellenlänge gebildet ist, welche von der wenigstens einen Gaskomponente absorbierbar ist. Der Gassensor (5) umfasst einen Detektor (55), welcher als von dem photonischen Kristall (1) verschiedenes Bauelement ausgebildet und dazu ausgelegt ist, von dem wenigstens einen Resonator (12) abgegebene elektromagnetische Strahlung zu detektieren. Des Weiteren betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Detektieren wenigstens einer Gaskomponente.

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR AUTOMATISCHEN ERZEUGUNG UND MESSUNG GASFOERMIGER PROBEN AUS EINER REIHE FLUESSIGER PROBEN

VERFAHREN ZUR ANREICHERUNG EINES GESUCHTEN ELEMENTS AUS EINER LOESUNG FUER DIE FLAMMENLOSE ATOMABSORPTIONS-SPEKTROSKOPIE

VORRICHTUNG ZUM ZERSTAEUBEN EINER PROBE

"SPEKTROPHOTOMETER"

Messzelle für einen Wasserdampfsensor

VORRICHTUNG ZUR SIMULTANEN PHOTOMETRISCHEN BESTIMMUNG MEHRERER ELEMENTE AUS EINER PROBENFLUESSIGKEIT

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Fernnachweis von Kohlenwasserstoffen im untergrund- oder bodennahen Bereich der Atmosphäre

Es wird ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung (10) zum Fernnachweis von Kohlenwasserstoffen im untergrund- oder bodennahen Bereich (11) der Atmosphäre (12) in Form von aus in Leitungssystemen geführtem, daraus austretendem Gas, vorgeschlagen. Der Kohlenwasserstoff wird in einem vorbestimmbaren Abstand und berührungslos vom Untergrund oder Boden (11) durch Ermittlung der Absorption des für den nachzuweisenden Kohlenstoff typischen Wellenlängenbereichs aus von einer Lichtquelle (14) stammenden Lichts (19) nachgewiesen. Das Licht fällt dabei in einen Lichtabtastbereich (16) eines Lichtleiters (18) ein und wird dort auf ein Spektrometer (15) geleitet. Das auf das Spektrometer (15) geführte Licht (19) ist durch den Kohlenwasserstoff in der Atmosphäre (12) extinktiert. Somit ist aus der für den nachzuweisenden Kohlenwasserstoff spezifischen Absorption dieser über das Spektrometer (15) nachweisbar.

Ozongenerator, NO-zu-NO₂-Konverter, Verfahren zum Konvertieren von NO zu NO₂ und Verwendung

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Ozongenerator (100) zur Erzeugung von Ozon aus Umgebungsluft (1), einen NO-zu-NO2-Konverter (200) mit dem Ozongenerator (100), ein Verfahren zum Konvertieren von NO zu NO2 und eine Verwendung des Ozongenerators (100) bzw. des NO-zu-NO2-Konverters (200). Dabei weist der Ozongenerator (100) auf: – eine Ozonerzeugungseinheit (15) zur Erzeugung von Ozon aus der Umgebungsluft; – eine Oxidationseinheit (30) zum Oxidieren von in der Ozonerzeugungseinheit (15) entstandenem Stickstoffmonoxid zu höheren Stickoxiden; und – eine Nachfilterungseinheit (40) zum zumindest teilweisen Herausfiltern der in der Oxidationseinheit (15) erzeugten höheren Stickoxide.

Spektroskopisches Messgerät

Wellenlängenaufgelöstes Kalibrationssystem für ein spektroskopisches Messgerät (1), das eine spektral breitbandige Lichtquelle (2) und eine Messzelle (3) mit einem optischen Resonator umfasst, wobei die Lichtquelle (2) zum Aussenden eines Lichtstrahls ausgebildet ist, der durch einen Eingang in die Messzelle (3) eintritt und durch einen Ausgang aus der Messzelle (3) austritt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kalibrationssystem einen Auswertedetektor (7) und eine Filtereinheit (6) umfasst, wobei der Auswertedetektor (7) außerhalb der Messzelle (3) an dem Ausgang anordenbar und zum Ausgeben eines Messwerts für eine Gesamtlichtintensität von auf ihn auftreffendem Licht ausgebildet und zeitaufgelöst auslesbar ist, wobei die Filtereinheit (6) dergestalt ausgebildet ist und relativ zu dem Messgerät (1) und zu dem Auswertedetektor (7) anordenbar ist, dass sie eine Filterung des Lichtanteils des Lichtstrahls mit einer vorgegebenen Wellenlängenabhängigkeit gewährleistet, der auf den Auswertedetektor ...

ÜBERLAUFNACHWEIS VON ROTEN BLUTZELLEN

Rohrofen mit darin arretiertem Probenträger für die elektrothermische Atomisierung

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR BESTIMMUNG DER FARBSTOFFVERDUENNUNG IM BLUT, INSBESONDERE ZWECKS BESTIMMUNG DES HERZZEITVOLUMENS

Eichnormale fuer Messgeraete fuer die Bestimmung eines Feuchtigkeitsgehaltes in organischen Traegern

SPEKTRALPHOTOMETRISCHES VERFAHREN UND MEHRWEG-SPEKTRALPHOTOMETER ZUR DURCHFUEHRUNG DESSELBEN

Verfahren zur quantitativen Analyse von Probenflüssigkeiten

Beschmutzungsfreier Plasmabrenner mit hohem Wirkungsgrad fuer spektroskopische Lichtquellen

Anordnung zur Konzentrationsessung für Abgaskomponenten im Abgasbereich einer Feuerungsanlage

Die Erfindung beschreibt eine Anordnung und ein Verfahren zur Konzentrationsmessung von Abgaskomponenten im Abgasbereich einer Feuerungsanlage mit: - einer monochromen über Wellenlängenbereiche im Bereich der jeweiligen Molekülabsorptionsbande durchstimmbaren Lichtquelle (2, 7), wobei ein Verfahren der TDLS anwendbar ist, - einer Absorptionsmessstrecke, welche das Messgas beinhaltet, - einem Lichtempfänger (3) zur Aufnahme von reflektiertem Licht, wobei ein einfach gefalteter Strahlengang in der Messanordnung vorliegt und eine diffus reflektierende Oberfläche vorhanden ist, wobei eine Messung bei Verschmutzung oder Kondensation an optischen Elementen mit einem eingeschränkten Dynamikbereich für die empfangene Lichtintensität durchführbar ist. Produkt: Sauerstoffmessvorrichtung für Feuerungsanlagen ...

Vorrichtung zum Messen des Gewichtes eines Traegermaterials und einer darin enthaltenen Substanz

Arrangement to emit and receive terahertz radiation has photoconductive antennae with gap and mode locked pulsed laser with multi-quantum well absorber mirror

An arrangement to emit and receive terahertz radiation comprises photoconductive antennae (1a,1b) with a gap (5) and a pulsed laser (2) working in mode locked operation through a photoconductive antenna acting as a saturatable absorber mirror (3). The absorber mirror comprises a multi-quantum well structure having a strong absorption in the region of 30-80% of the laser wavelength and the pulsed laser is a fiber laser.

Analytical test device

Apparatus 1 includes a first light emitter 2 for emitting around a first wavelength; a second light emitter 3 for emitting around a second wavelength; a photodetector 4. The two emitters 2, 3 independently illuminate photodetector 4 via optical path 7, the latter comprising a sample receiving portion 8. At portion 8, a normalised spatial intensity profile generated by the first emitter 2 is substantially equal to that generated by the second emitter 3. This may be achieved by slit, integrating sphere, beam splitters, fibre couplers, or stacked emitters where one is transparent to the wavelength emitted by the other. Emitters may be arrayed in a chessboard pattern; an image sensor may be used. In use, the emitters are alternately activated to obtain a first and second measurement and the difference is calculated by subtracting the two. This may improve signal to noise by removing background absorbance or scatter.

System and method for fluid composition characterization

Systems and methods for predicting fluid composition in a reservoir formation are disclosed. To accurately and efficiently predict the composition of a sample fluid, an absorption spectrum is obtained over a prefixed set of wavelength channels and a set of basis spectra is received for all constituents of interest in the sample fluid. A set of a-priori constraints on the obtained absorption spectrum and constituent properties to be determined is then obtained, before calculating a joint probability distribution of all constituents of interest based on the obtained spectrum, basis spectra and a-priori constraints. In one embodiment, qualitative states are also computed for all constituents of interest based on the obtained spectrum, basis spectra and a-priori constraints.

PHOTOMETER FOR CARRYING OUT MEASUREMENTS AT DIFFERENT PRESELECTED WAVE LENGTHS

... 1313389 Photo-electric spectro-photometers BIO-CAL INSTRUMENT GmbH 30 July 1970 [31 July 1969] 36943/70 Heading G1A [Also in Division G2 ] In a photo-electric spectro-photometer a reference beam 4c and at least two measuring beams 4a, b of different wave-length and which pass through a test sample 8 are received consecutively in a cycle at a photo-cell 11, the photo-cell circuit having a number of branches (12a-c), Fig.3 (not shown), one branch for each beam, the output of the measuring branches being compared with the output of the reference branch to provide the transmissivity of the sample at at least two wavelengths. Light from a point source 1 is collimated, 2, and an apertured beam dividing disc 3, Fig. 2, derives the two measuring beams 4a, b and the reference beam 4c. The disc 3 also has apertures 3d for providing three control beams of light for the control photo-cells 13a-c, which produce switching pulses for synchronizing the circuit branches with their corresponding beams. The ...

MULTIPLE WAVELENGTH SPECTROMETER

OPTICAL ANALYZER FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS

... 1432634 Photo-electric apparatus NEOTEC CORP 16 Aug 1973 [24 Aug 1972] 38760/73 Heading G1A In photo-electric apparatus particularly adapted for spectrometric measurements, a filter assembly of paddlewheel configuration is used. The apparatus of Fig. 1, suitable for determination of moisture, oil and protein of grain by reflection optical density measurement, comprises a sample tray 16 by which a sample 20 or reference 18 may be located in the light path. As shown a broad-band infrared source 12 illuminates the sample via filter wheel 34, but for other measurements a light source may be used. The filter wheel 34 has opaque vanes 42 mounted at right angles to each filter and this leads to a transmission characteristic shown in Fig. 4 which has dark portions between the contributions by each filter which exhibit a change in wavelength transmitted as the angle of each filter changes with respect to the beam. The rotation of the filter wheel is sensed at 48 to produce a pulsed signal which ...

IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO OPTICAL SENSING ARRANGEMENTS

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETECTING MERCURY VAPOUR IN A GAS

... 1346081 Mercury detecting apparatus SHANDON SOUTHERN INSTRUMENTS Ltd 27 Oct 1971 [3 March 1971] 5872/71 Heading G1A In a method or apparatus for detecting mercury vapour in a gas by atomic flourescence, a low pressure mercury lamp 1 directs radiation through an aperture screen 2 into an interaction zone above a vertical tube 3, supplying the gas, and a detection system 4 is arranged to receive only atomic fluorescence radiation through a further apertured screen 5, the detection system being connected to an amplifier and read out system (6), Fig. 1 (not shown) to give a direct or integrated reading of the fluorescence detected. The arrangement shown in Fig. 3 is used with the above. For calibration, clean air at a known flow rate is bubbled through mercury contained in cells 11 and 12 the cells being immersed in a thermostatically controlled bath 19. The saturated mercury vapour is then diluted with a known amount of mercury free air or other gas passing through T piece 13. This gas stream ...

OPTICAL ABSORPTION APPARATUS

... 1386872 Measuring composition photo-electrically MAX-PLANK-GES ZUR FORDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN eV 1 May 1972 [7 May 1971] 20169/72 Heading G1A The proportional concentration of a component substance in a mixture of substances is determined be measuring the absorption of different wavelengths of a light beam by the mixture. Preferably the apparatus uses reflected light to determine the degree of oxygenation of blood by applying a probe to the skin. A xenon lamp forms light source 12 which transmits light along light guide 14a to an annular surface in probe 16. The reflected light is transmitted through a second guide 14b to optical apparatus 20 which consists of a focussing lens 26 a rotating filter wheel 24 and a photo-multiplier detector 28. Three or more filters 26 can be used in the wheel 24 and by means of switch 32 the intensity of light from each filter is separated and passes as signals S1, S2, S3 to integrator 38 which integrates the signals over an adjustably selectable time.

LIQUID CONTAMINATION METER

A GAS DETECTOR

A Gas detector comprises a first source (21) of infra-red radiation which is placed at the focal point of a first off-axis reflector (23). A second source (22) of infra-red radiation is placed at the focal point of a second off-axis parabolic reflector (24). The two collimated beams from the sources are combined by a beam-combining filter (26). The combined beams are split by beam splitter (27) so that part passes to a compensation detector (29) and part is passed through a sample of gases which are being examined. A retro-reflector (32) returns the gas along the same path (31) through the beam splitter (27) and onto a measuring detector (34). A band pass filter (25) is placed in the path of radiation from the first source (21) to allow the transmission of a narrow band of infra-red radiation which exhibits absorbtion by the gas to be detected. The beam-splitting filter (26) allows a waveband of infra-red radiation to pass which exhibits less absorbtion by the gas to be detected. The relative ...

A spectroscopy sensing method and apparatus for the measurement or detection of a material

Gaseous suspension particle size measurement

A radiation source 5 projects a beam of infra-red or visible radiation into a test space containing the gaseous suspension 7 to be measured. A plurality of sensors 6, 6' are arranged at respective angles to the intersection of the beam with the test space and respond to radiation scattered by particles in the suspension. The particle size, or size distribution, is determined from the amounts of radiation detected by the respective sensors. The test space may be defined by the interior of a transparent tube through which the suspension is passed, the source and sensors being disposed on the exterior. An auxiliary sensor may compensate for build-up of particles on the tube walls. Alternatively the beam may be directed into the exhaust plume of a motor vehicle, no physical containment being employed. ...

Gas sensor with an open optical measuring path

Inspection systems and methods for blow-molded containers

Systems and methods for in-line inspection of plastic blow molded containers. The inspection system may comprise a plurality of emitter assemblies arranged in a vertical array. Each emitter assembly may cyclically emit light energy in at least two different narrow wavelength bands at a container as the container passes through an inspection area. The system may also comprise a plurality of broadband photodetectors arranged in a vertical array, each photodetector facing at least one of the emitter assemblies with the inspection area therebetween such that the photodetectors are capable of sensing light energy that passes through the container when it is in the inspection area. The system may also comprise a processor in communication with the photodetectors for determining a characteristic of the container based on signals from the photodetectors.

Method for analysis of isotopes in bodily fluids

Biological fluid samples containing proteins (e.g., blood plasma or saliva) are prepared for isotopic analysis by precipitating the proteins while leaving the isotopic ratio unaffected. This precipitation can involve adding metal ions, salts, organic solvents, or organic polymers. The sample is then centrifuged to allow transfer of the supernatant for isotopic analysis, e.g. by tunable diode laser absorption spectrometry to obtain a quantitative measure of the 2 H and 18 O isotope levels in the water relative to reference standards.

Blood Chamber for an Optical Blood Monitoring System

An extracorporeal blood chamber for an optical blood monitoring system includes an opaque chamber body in order to prevent inaccuracies when measuring oxygen saturation levels due to light ducting, which can occur at low oxygen saturation levels and low hematocrit levels. In one embodiment, the blood chamber need not include a moat as is present in conventional blood chambers.

Oil state monitoring method and oil state monitoring device

Disclosed are an oil state monitoring method and an oil state monitoring device which monitor the state of degradation of oil used in machinery or equipment. In monitoring the oil state by the oil state monitoring method and by the oil state monitoring device, oil used in machinery or equipment is filtered when the degradation state of the aforementioned oil is to be monitored. By means of filtration, the oil content is removed from the filter which captured contaminants that were present in oil prior to filtration. Light is projected onto the filter from which oil was removed. The projected light detects the color components of the transmitted light which penetrated the aforementioned filter.

Method for Assaying Inositol Hexaphosphate (IHP)

The invention relates to a method for assaying inositol hexaphosphate (IHP) in a product that can be injected in humans or animals or in a fraction of this product, in which a metal compound is added to a sample or a fraction of this product and the complexation of said metal compound with the IHP present is subsequently detected, by virtue of which the IHP present in the product or fraction thereof is assayed. The invention makes it possible to assay the IHP in a suspension or a solution, and in particular in the various compartments of a suspension of red blood cells.

Measuring systems for measuring absorption or scattering at different wavelengths

A measuring system for measuring absorption or scattering of a medium at a plurality of different wavelengths, whereby the measurements for the different wavelengths are performable as simultaneously and as accurately as possible. The measuring system comprises: a measuring chamber; a transmitting unit, which sends light of its respective wavelength into the measuring chamber; a control, which operates each light source with a different time modulation of transmission intensity for each wavelength; a detector for measuring a total radiation intensity. The total radiation intensity corresponds to a superpositioning of each intensity portion striking the detector for each wavelength; and a signal processing system, which determines for each of the wavelengths the associated intensity portion based on the total radiation intensity measured by detector and the modulations.

Dryness fraction measuring device and dryness fraction measuring method

The provision of a dryness fraction measuring device includes a light-emitting body for irradiating moist steam with light of a plurality of wavelengths; a light-receiving element for receiving light of the plurality of wavelengths that has traversed the moist steam; and a dryness fraction calculating device for calculating the dryness fraction of the moist steam based on the received light intensity at each of the plurality of wavelengths.

Distance detecting induction device

A distance detection induction device 100 comprises a housing 1, a condensing lens 2, a circuit board 3 having multiple electronic components, an infrared light emitting means 4, a light receiving means 5 for receiving and sensing the reflected infrared light. The housing 1 comprises a main body 10 and two round openings 11 and 12 on the top of the main body 10. The condensing lens 2 has an emitting lens 21 and a receiving lens 22 respectively located at the two round openings 11 and 12. The circuit board 3 bearing multiple electronic components for processing signal is mounted inside the main body 10. The infrared light emitting means 4 is to be infrared light-emitting diodes, emitting the infrared light to the emitting lens 21. The infrared light receiving means 5 is to be distance detecting sensing module, sensing the reflected light focused by the receiving lens 22. A connection part 23 having at least a bending part is set between the emitting lens 21 and the receiving lens 22. The distance detection induction device of the present invention has higher positioning precision and can enhance the induction performance of the whole device.

Self-contained and portable optical spectrometer

The invention relates to a portable and self-contained optical spectrometer for analyzing a light spectrum backscattered by an illuminated sample, in order to deduce the content of at least one compound constituting the sample, said spectrometer being arranged about an optical axis and including: a target area centered on said optical axis; a plurality of optical sensors trained on the target area; an opaque measurement chamber including: an opening centered on said optical axis; at least one diffusing filter blocking said opening; and an inner bottom capable of housing the plurality of optical sensors and a main illumination device capable of illuminating the sample. The invention further relates to a method for using such a spectrometer.

Additive photometric analysis

Apparatus, systems, and methods may operate to discharge a plurality of spike fluids into a fluid flowing in a flow channel, transmit energy to the fluid using an energy source coupled to the flow channel, receive the energy modified by the fluid as photometric energy, convert the photometric energy to at least one photometric signal, compare the at least one photometric signal with a reference signal to determine at least one photometric property of the fluid, and determine at least one component of the fluid using the at least one photometric property supplied to a generalized standard addition method (GSAM). Additional apparatus, systems, and methods, including the use of multivariate curve resolution (MCR) to refine GSAM results, are disclosed.

Method and device for analyzing a body fluid

Methods and devices for analyzing body fluids, in particular for determining blood glucose. Body fluid is applied to a test element for single-use in a test device and the test element is optically coupled to a photometric measuring unit by means of an optical transmission system, wherein a time course of measuring values is recorded after the body fluid has been applied in order to detect a component of the body fluid on the test element. The transmission behavior of the optical transmission system may be controlled by recording measuring values at two different measurement wavelengths.

Systems and Methods for Alcohol Consumption Monitoring

Various embodiments of the present inventions are related to monitoring physical characteristics of a monitored individual including, but not limited to, alcohol consumption by the monitored individual.

Systems and Methods for Monitoring Oil/Gas Separation Processes

Disclosed are systems and methods for analyzing an oil/gas separation process. One method includes conveying a fluid to a fluid separator coupled to a flow path, the fluid separator having an inlet and a discharge conduit, generating a first output signal corresponding to a characteristic of the fluid adjacent the inlet with a first optical computing device, generating a second output signal corresponding to the characteristic of the fluid adjacent the discharge conduit with a second optical computing device, receiving the first and second output signals with a signal processor communicably, and generating a resulting output signal with the signal processor indicative of how the characteristic of the fluid changed between the inlet and the discharge conduit.

Blood analysis apparatus and blood analysis method

A blood analysis apparatus includes an analysis section. The analysis section is configured to compare a measurement spectrum obtained regarding red blood cells with a standard spectrum of heme, biliverdin, and bilirubin, and cause the measurement spectrum to belong to any one of the standard spectra.

Imaging apparatus

An imaging apparatus is described, and which includes a first light source, which when energized, emits nonvisible near infrared electromagnetic radiation which is directed at an object of interest to be imaged, and which is reflected therefrom; a second light source, which when energized, emits a given wavelength of invisible electromagnetic radiation which is directed at the object of interest to be imaged, and which is reflected therefrom; a first optical filter which is operable to pass, at least in part, both the reflected near infrared, and invisible electromagnetic radiation reflected from the object of interest; and a single camera operably positioned to receive the electromagnetic radiation passed by the first optical filter and produce a resulting image of the object of interest from both the invisible and near infrared electromagnetic radiation which is passed by the optical filter.

Methods for correcting assay measurements

Methods are disclosed for correcting an assay measurement for determining a concentration of an analyte in a sample suspected of containing the analyte. An assay signal is measured at a first wavelength corresponding to the analyte in the sample and an assay signal is measured at a second wavelength corresponding to background that is multiplied by a correction factor. An assay signal value is determined by subtracting assay signal at the second wavelength times the correction factor from assay signal at the first wavelength. The assay signal value is related to the amount of the analyte in the sample.

Systems and methods for frequency-domain photoacoustic phased array imaging

Systems and methods of frequency-domain photoacoustic imaging are provided utilizing an ultrasonic phased array probe and intensity modulated optical excitation with coding to improve signal-to-noise ratio. Embodiments employ frequency-domain photoacoustic imaging methodologies such as the photoacoustic radar, coupled with a multi-element ultrasonic sensor array to deliver spatially-resolved correlation images of photoacoustic sources, which may be employed to image optical heterogeneities within tissue-like scattering media.

Measuring device for determining a vegetation index value of plants

The invention relates to a measuring device for determining a vegetation index value (REIP) of plants. The measuring device comprises a plurality of light emitting elements, each of which emits substantially monochromatic light at a predetermined wavelength, a light receiving element which receives light from the light emitting elements reflected by the plants and generates a signal indicating the respective intensity of the received light, and a control means which successively activates the light emitting elements in a cyclical sequence, determines the respective intensity of the reflected light based on the output signal of the light receiving element, and calculates the vegetation index value based on the determined intensities of the overall measurement cycle. According to the invention, a light frequency converter is provided as the light receiving element.

Changed optical path measuring device for component concentration of water and measuring method thereof

Measuring device of the present invention includes a plurality of measuring sites for generating a plurality of optical paths and various dilutions. The range for concentration measurement and the measurement accuracy are enhanced due to the plurality of optical path length, and the interference on the measurement ranges and results caused by the concentration or the turbidity of suspended solid is reduced and removed by water sample dilution, and thus the characteristic wavelengths of the components in the water are measured. Next, the information of spectrum database is used to determine the ingredients which may exist in the water (qualitative analysis), and UV-VIS-NIR absorbance spectrum analysis is used to obtain the concentration of the respective ingredients in the water at the same time (quantitative analysis).

Alignment Registration Feature For Analyte Sensor Optical Reader

An optical reader for interrogating an optical analyte sensor includes a housing, comprising in its interior: at least one light source, a detector, and a programmable logic device. The housing has a registration feature configured to align the optical reader with an optical analyte sensor. Methods for confirming alignment of such optical readers are also disclosed.

Photoacoustic method for oxygen sensing

A method for photoacoustically sensing oxygen in a gaseous sample is disclosed, together with an apparatus for practicing the present method. Efficient and cost-effective oxygen sensing is provided by the use of a light source in the form of a light-emitting diode, which can be selected to correspond with the absorption spectra exhibited by oxygen in a gaseous sample. Filtering can be employed in order to control and narrow the wavelength of light emitted by the light source. An apparatus is disclosed which facilitates practice of the present method, including an arrangement by which ambient noise and vibration can be canceled.

System, Apparatus, and Method for Tracking Atmospheric Differential Absorption

A system, apparatus, and method is provided to remotely measure atmospheric species using a long path differential absorption technique. In one embodiment, a source and a detector are collocated and at the far end of the absorption path a retro-reflector is mounted on a vehicle. The source generates an outgoing laser beam that is transmitted to the retro-reflector and reflected towards the detector as an incoming laser beam, and the detector receives the incoming laser beam that was reflected by the retro-reflector.

OPTICAL ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY

An optical absorption spectroscopy apparatus comprises a multi-pass optical cell () having a first reflector () and a second reflector (′), a first light source () for light of a first waveband and a second light source (′) for light of a second waveband. The cell () is constructed and arranged such that light entering the cell is reflected one or more times between the first and second reflectors (′) before exiting the cell. Light of the first waveband enters and exits the cell () in a first plane and light of the second waveband enters and exits the cell in a second plane that is different from the first plane. 1. An optical absorption spectroscopy apparatus comprising a multi-pass optical cell comprising a first reflector and a second reflector , a first light source for light of a first waveband and a second light source for light of a second waveband , the cell being constructed and arranged such that light entering the cell is reflected one or more times between the first and second reflectors before exiting the cell , and wherein light of the first waveband enters and exits the cell in a first plane , and light of the second waveband enters and exits the cell in a second plane that is different from the first plane.2. An apparatus according to claim 1 , including a first entrance window for light of a first waveband claim 1 , a second entrance window for light of a second waveband claim 1 , a first exit window for light of the first waveband and a second exit window for light of the second waveband.3. An apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the first entrance and exit windows lie in the first plane and the second entrance and exit windows lie in the second plane.4. An apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the first entrance and exit windows are made of a first optical material that is substantially transparent to light of the first waveband claim 2 , and the second entrance and exit windows are made of a second optical material that is substantially ...

ELEMENTARY ANALYSIS APPARATUS AND METHOD

Provided herein is an elementary analysis apparatus allowing size and weight reduction and capable of performing atomic adsorption spectrometry by an electrothermal method and of forming plasma without using a gas. A sample is supplied from a liquid feed portion through a flow channel to an atomizing portion, and a voltage is applied between electrodes. When the voltage is applied to the electrodes, electric current and electric field are concentrated in the atomizing portion and bubbles are generated to cause a plasma in the bubbles, and element in the sample is atomized by the plasma. Light that irradiates the atomizing portion from a light source and is transmitted therethrough is received, for example, by an optical fiber or the like and split by a spectrophotometer. The amount of the split light is detected by a detector and analyzed by a computer. 1. An atomic absorption elementary analysis apparatus , comprising:an atomizing portion for atomizing a sample to be measured,two electrodes disposed for the atomizing portion,a power source portion for applying a voltage to the two electrodes to generate a plasma in the sample to be measured located in the atomizing portion,a light source for irradiation of the atomizing portion light, andan atomic absorptiometric portion for detecting light that has been from the light source and has passed through a plasma generated in the sample to be measured located in the atomizing the atomic absorptiometric portion further analyzing the atomic absorption of the sample to be measured.2. The atomic absorption elementary analysis apparatus according to claim 1 ,wherein the atomic absorptiometric portion includes a spectrophotometer for splitting light that has been from the light source and has passed through the plasma generated in the sample to be measured, and a detector for detecting light split by the spectrophotometer.3. The atomic absorption elementary analysis apparatus according to claim 2 ,wherein the apparatus further ...

METHOD FOR MONITORING FUGITIVE GAS EMISSIONS FROM THE SOIL, VIA VERTICAL CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENTS

Method for the quantification of the fugitive gas flow from a dispersed source (A) by monitoring with a remote detection optical instrument mounted on an aircraft (UAV) which moves at a determined height along a plane () perpendicular to the direction of the wind field (u), such wind field being known through suitable positioning of meteorological stations within and in areas neighbouring the site to be monitored according to known techniques and use of commercially available diagnostic meteorological models. By this instrument discrete vertical measurements are carried out of the fugitive gas concentration averaged over said height along the whole width (W) of the plane (S) to yield corresponding mean vertical concentration values and, according to mean wind speed values detected at said discrete vertical measurements, a value of the fugitive gas flow (Q) is obtained by integrating the product of the mean vertical concentration values and of the corresponding mean wind speed values with respect to the surface of the sampling plane (). The obtained value of the fugitive gas flow (Q) is corrected by a corrective factor (a) obtainable by comparing concentration values obtained by direct measurements and values calculated by dispersion models. 1. A method for the quantification of the flow from the soil of a fugitive gas from a dispersed source (A) of said gas , comprising the following steps:providing an aircraft (UAV) equipped with a remote detection optical instrument;defining a downwind sampling plane (S) perpendicular to the wind direction, having a width (W) sufficient to contain the projection of the site to be monitored and placed at such a distance from the site as to contain, at the aircraft sampling height, the whole gaseous effluent released by the site;said method being characterized in that it further comprises the steps offlying over said sampling plane (S) for the whole width (W) at a height (H) with said aircraft (UAV) so that said whole fugitive gas ...

Method For Measuring Fractions Of Hydrocarbon Fluids Using Optical Spectroscopy

A method for measuring saturate, aromatic, and resin fractions of a hydrocarbon fluid includes separating maltenes from the hydrocarbon fluid and separating saturate, aromatic, and resin fractions from the maltenes. The method further includes determining an optical density of each of the saturate, aromatic, and resin fractions at a predetermined wavelength and correlating the optical density of each of the saturate, aromatic, and resin fractions to predetermined data to determine each of the saturate, aromatic, and resin fractions. 1. A method for measuring saturate , aromatic , and resin fractions of a hydrocarbon fluid , comprising:separating maltenes from the hydrocarbon fluid;separating saturate, aromatic, and resin fractions from the maltenes;determining an optical density of each of the saturate, aromatic, and resin fractions at a predetermined wavelength; andcorrelating the optical density of each of the saturate, aromatic, and resin fractions to predetermined data to determine each of the saturate, aromatic, and resin fractions.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the optical density of each of the saturate claim 1 , aromatic claim 1 , and resin fractions is a differential optical density at two predetermined wavelengths.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the differential optical density is normalized.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein separating maltenes from the hydrocarbon fluid is accomplished by titrating the hydrocarbon fluid with heptane.5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising removing the heptane from the maltenes.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein separating the saturate claim 1 , aromatic claim 1 , and resin fractions from the maltenes is accomplished by:introducing the maltenes to a packed bed;flushing the packed bed with heptane to separate the saturate fraction from the maltenes;flushing the packed bed with toluene to separate the aromatic fraction from the maltenes; andflushing the packed bed with dichloromethane/methanol to separate the ...

REMOTE VEHICLE EMISSIONS SENSING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DIFFERENTIATING WATER FROM HYDROCARBONS

Water droplets in exhaust gas that is, or was, analyzed by a remote emissions sensing system are detected. The detection may be made using measurements generally captured by the remote emissions sensing system during typical operation. As such, the detection may be applied “on site” as remote emissions sensing analysis is ongoing, or may be applied post hoc from data previously acquired by a remote emissions sensing system. The detection may be implemented without requiring additional sensors, more sophisticated sensors, and/or other additional or more sophisticated equipment being included in the remote emissions sensing system. 1. A system configured to detect the presence of water droplets in vehicle emissions present in an optical path of a remote emissions sensing system , wherein the remote emissions sensing system includes an electromagnetic radiation source and a detector arranged to form the optical path such that the optical path traverses a roadway along which a vehicle travels , the system comprising:one or more processors configured to execute computer program modules, the computer program modules comprising:(i) a quantity module configured to obtain determinations of quantities of a plurality of molecular species present in an exhaust plume emitted by the vehicle,wherein the determined quantities of the plurality of molecular species have been determined based on output signals generated by the detector conveying information related to intensities of electromagnetic radiation received at the detector from the source in a plurality of absorption wavelengths that correspond to the plurality of molecular species,wherein the plurality of molecular species comprises carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and carbon dioxide, andwherein the plurality of absorption wavelengths comprises a first absorption wavelength that corresponds to carbon monoxide, a second absorption wavelength that corresponds to hydrocarbons, and a third absorption wavelength that corresponds ...

APPARATUS FOR THE NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF THE INTEGRITY AND/OR SUITABILITY OF SEALED PACKAGINGS

An apparatus for the non-destructive testing of the integrity and/or suitability of sealed packagings having at least one portion () at least partially optically transparent, preferably food packagings, in particular through a verification of conformity of the atmosphere inside such food packagings, wherein the apparatus comprises at least one inspection area (); at least one laser source () with an optical axis (A); at least one detector () positioned so as to detect at least one portion of back-scattered beams (′) following the collision of the laser beam () emitted by the laser source () with a target () and provide—at the output—a representative datum of an absorption spectrum of the gas. The apparatus includes means for measuring a distance covered by the laser beam () and electronic processing means for calculating the concentration of the gas. 110100111121. An apparatus () for the non-destructive testing of the integrity and/or suitability of sealed packagings () having at least one portion ( , ) at least partially optically transparent , comprising:{'b': 20', '100, 'at least one inspection area () suitable for housing said packaging ();'}{'b': 11', '12', '11', '12', '20, 'at least one laser source () with an optical axis (A) for the emission of a laser beam () at a wavelength substantially coinciding with a gas absorption wavelength, said at least one laser source () being positioned so as to direct said laser beam () towards said at least one inspection area ();'}{'b': 13', '12', '12', '11', '100', '200', '12', '12', '100, 'at least one detector () positioned so as to detect at least a portion of retro-scattered beams (′) following the collision of said laser beam () emitted from said laser source () with a target (,) and provide, at the output, a representative datum of an adsorption spectrum of said gas; characterized in that it comprises measurement means of a distance covered by said laser beam. () and by said at least one portion of backscattered beams ...

Ion Mobility Spectrometers

An ion mobility spectrometer has a reaction region separated from a drift region by an electrostatic gate. A doping circuit supplies a dopant to the reaction region but the drift region is undoped. Two high field ion modifiers are located one after the other in the drift region. One ion modifier can be turned on to remove dopant adducts from the admitted ions, or both ion modifiers can be turned on so that the ions are also fragmented. In this way, several different responses can be produced to provide additional information about the nature of the analyte substance and distinguish it from interferents.

Area surveillance systems and methods

A spectral analysis surveillance system includes sources or emitters which emit various wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation or energy into a space under surveillance, and a sensor which produce signals indicative of electromagnetic energy returned by people and other objects in the space. The electromagnetic radiation may fall in the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum yet the energy is emitted to appear as either white light or a single color. Returned energy is analyzed against reference samples. The spectral analysis surveillance system may be part of an integrated surveillance system including other components, for example metal detectors, baggage X-ray scanners, full body imagers, etc., and may provide surveillance of private or public locations, for instance airports.

System and method for optical biopsy tissue characterization

A method for classifying a tissue sample of a biopsy specimen into one of a plurality of classes is presented. The method includes receiving a light from at least one location of the tissue sample including a plurality of chromophores, wherein the received light comprises at least one of an attenuated illumination light and a re-emitted light. The method further includes processing a spectrum of the received light to determine a feature for each of the chromophores in the at least one location of the tissue sample. In addition, the method includes estimating a Z-score for each of the chromophores based on the determined feature. Also, the method includes classifying the tissue sample into one of the plurality of classes based on the estimated Z-score for each of the chromophores.

EUROPIUM BASED METAL ORGANIC FRAMEWORK FOR PALLADIUM SENSING

A method of detecting Pd in an aqueous solution is described. The method involves mixing an Eu-based metal organic framework with the aqueous solution and measuring the amount of fluorescence quenching. The fluorescence quenching is specific to Pd and also allows a 44 ppb detection limit of Pd. The Eu-based metal organic framework may be treated with a metal chelator and reused for sensitive detection of Pd. 1: A method of detecting Pd in an aqueous solution , the method comprising:mixing an Eu-based metal organic framework (Eu-MOF) with the aqueous solution to form a solution mixture, wherein the Eu-MOF comprises:{'sup': 3+', '3+', '3+, 'claim-text': [{'sup': '3+', 'wherein each Eu ion cluster is coordinated with a total of 6 linkers, and'}, 'wherein each linker has a dicarboxylic acid and two alkene groups;, 'Eu ion clusters, each Eu ion cluster comprising two Eu ions,'}measuring a fluorescence emission intensity of the solution mixture while irradiating the solution mixture with a wavelength in a range of 320-350 nm; and{'sup': '2+', 'comparing the fluorescence emission intensity to a second fluorescence emission intensity of a substantially similar solution mixture that does not contain Pd.'}2: The method of claim 1 , wherein the alkene groups are part of allyloxy groups.3: The method of claim 2 , wherein the linker is 2 claim 2 ,5-bis(allyloxy)terephthalic acid.4: The method of claim 1 , wherein the linker is present in the Eu-MOF with a weight percent in a range of 55-75 wt % claim 1 , relative to a total weight of the Eu-MOF.5: The method of claim 1 , wherein each Eu ion cluster is coordinated in a 2D layered structure.6: The method of claim 5 , wherein the 2D layered structure has an interlayer spacing in a range of 3.2-3.8 Å.7: The method of claim 1 , wherein the Eu-MOF has an average pore size in a range of 3.5-4.5 Å.8: The method of claim 1 , wherein the Eu-MOF has a pore volume in a range of 0.10-0.20 cm/g.9: The method of claim 1 , wherein the Eu-MOF ...

COLORIMETRIC DETECTION OF AMINE-BASED SHALE INHIBITORS

A method of detecting an amine-based shale inhibitor in a wellbore servicing fluid (WSF) comprising contacting an aliquot of the WSF with an amine detector compound to form a detection solution; wherein the WSF comprises the amine-based shale inhibitor; and wherein the detection solution is characterized by at least one absorption peak wavelength in the range of from about 380 nm to about 760 nm; detecting an absorption intensity for the detection solution at a wavelength within about +20% of the at least one absorption peak wavelength; comparing the absorption intensity of the detection solution at the wavelength within about +20% of the at least one absorption peak wavelength with a target absorption intensity of the amine-based shale inhibitor to determine the amount of amine-based shale inhibitor in the WSF; and comparing the amount of amine-based shale inhibitor in the WSF with a target amount of the amine-based shale inhibitor. 1. A method of detecting an amine-based shale inhibitor in a wellbore servicing fluid (WSF) comprising:(a) contacting an aliquot of the WSF with an amine detector compound to form a detection solution; wherein the WSF comprises the amine-based shale inhibitor; and wherein the detection solution is characterized by at least one absorption peak wavelength in the range of from about 380 nanometers (nm) to about 760 nm;(b) detecting an absorption intensity for the detection solution at a wavelength within about +20% of the at least one absorption peak wavelength;(c) comparing the absorption intensity of the detection solution at the wavelength within about +20% of the at least one absorption peak wavelength with a target absorption intensity of the amine-based shale inhibitor to determine the amount of amine-based shale inhibitor in the WSF; and(d) comparing the amount of amine-based shale inhibitor in the WSF with a target amount of the amine-based shale inhibitor.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein (b) detecting an absorption intensity for ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR QUANTIFICATION OF PLANT CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT

A system for measuring chlorophyll concentration in a leaf sample includes a leaf-holding illuminator device with a main body containing a power source, a plurality of switchable light sources emitting light at different spectra (e.g., red and white light from a broadband light source), and a cap detachably secured to the main body using one or more fastening means. The leaf sample is interposed between the main body and the cap and held in place during imaging. The system includes a mobile electronic device having a camera configured to capture an image of the leaf illuminated by the plurality of switchable light sources, the mobile electronic device having wireless connectivity to a network and an application contained therein configured to transfer the images to a remote sever or computer via the network for data processing. A final chlorophyll index value is calculated based on the transferred images. 1. A system for measuring chlorophyll concentration in a leaf sample comprising:a leaf-holding illuminator device comprising a main body containing a power source, a plurality of switchable light sources emitting light at different spectra, a diffuser interposed within an optical path formed between the plurality of switchable light sources and the leaf, and a cap having an aperture therein that is detachably secured to the main body, wherein the leaf sample is interposed between the main body and the cap; anda mobile electronic device having a camera configured to capture images of the leaf illuminated by the plurality of switchable light sources, the mobile electronic device having wireless connectivity to a network and an application stored therein configured to transfer the images to a remote computer via the network.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the mobile electronic device comprises a wearable imaging device.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the mobile electronic device comprises a glasses-based imaging device.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the ...

METHOD OF SINGLE PULSE DETECTION OF THE REAL AND IMAGINARY COMPONENTS OF THE NONLINEAR SUSCEPTIBILITY TO DETECT MOLECULAR DYNAMICS VIA THE GEOMETRIC PHASE EFFECT

A method of detecting a geometrical phase change of an intrinsic property of a molecular isomerization includes a series of steps, such as simulating molecular isomerization of the molecule through application of a single shaped pulse to generate a molecular polarization. The steps include separating the real and imaginary parts of a nonlinear susceptibility in a detected molecular signal by controlling a phase of a reference field. The steps include assigning a phase function to obtain separation of the real and imaginary parts. Furthermore, a broadened vibrational lineshape is calculated. The step of identifying conical intersections also occurs. Various pathways of a wave packet in an excited state potential energy surface is discussed and may include multiple laser pulses and methods of detection. The spectral phase may be used to create interference of the wave packet in the excited state to identify and control a wavepacket's pathway and control photoisomerization. 1. A method of detecting a geometrical phase change of an intrinsic property of a molecule , comprising:simulating molecular isomerization of the molecule through application of a single shaped pulse to generate a molecular polarization;separating the real and imaginary parts of a non-linear susceptibility in a detected molecular signal by controlling a phase of a reference field;assigning a phase function to obtain separation of the real and imaginary parts;calculating a broadened vibrational lineshape with a resonant phase;identifying conical intersections using the detected lineshape in an heterodyne signal; andidentifying conical intersections by an amount of fluorescence detected with using a chirped pulse.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the phase function is a sharp phase-step.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the phase function is a chirped pulse.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein separation of the of the real and imaginary parts occurs in third-order non-linear susceptibility.5. The ...

Absorbance Measuring Device and Method Thereof

A liquid containing unit that can contain a chemical substance solution to be measured, a nozzle that communicates with a suction/discharge mechanism that sucks/discharges gas, a flow tube that includes a mouth part, which can be inserted into the liquid containing unit, at a lower end and that is detachably attached to the nozzle at an upper end, an emitting end that can emit measurement light, a light receiving end that can receive the light emitted from the emitting end, and a control unit are included. The control unit is configured to suck a prescribed amount of the chemical substance solution into the flow tube, and to lead absorbance on the basis of intensity of transmitted light acquired by emission of measurement light in a vertical direction into the flow tube.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF A SAMPLE

A system and method for the spectrophotometric analysis of a sample of a liquid solution while it flows in a duct. The method determines the luminous intensity (I) of a substantially monochromatic beam based on the cleaning state of a measurement chamber and/or ageing of at least one emitting device and/or ageing of at least one detecting device, whereby the worse is the cleaning state of the measurement chamber and/or the greater is the ageing state of the at least one emitting device and/or the at least one detecting device, the higher the luminous intensity (I) of the substantially monochromatic beam. 114.-. (canceled)16. A method according to claim 15 , wherein said luminous intensity Iis determined by carrying out one “no-load” measurement in said measurement chamber according to the following steps:{'sub': 'in', 'A2.1 generating said at least one substantially monochromatic beam having an initial luminous intensity I;'}A2.2 illuminating said sample of said liquid solution, with said at least one substantially monochromatic beam, along said optical path;A2.3 detecting said at least one substantially monochromatic beam, at the end of said optical path; andA2.4 processing said at least one substantially monochromatic beam thus detected, thereby obtaining at least one reference parameter p4, wherein said at least one reference parameter p4 is a measured voltage value in output from said at least one detecting device, and{'sub': 0', '4', '0, 'A2.5 comparing said at least one reference parameter p4 with at least one predetermined first threshold value Swhereby if said at least one reference parameter pis less than or equal to said at least one predetermined first threshold value S, said method comprises'}A2.6 emitting at least one error signal, to indicate a fault that prevents from completing said at least one “no-load” measurement.17. A method according to claim 16 , wherein said at least one predetermined first threshold value Sis a voltage value corresponding to ...

IMAGE PROCESSING APPARATUS, IMAGING SYSTEM AND IMAGE PROCESSING METHOD

An image processing apparatus includes: an acquisition unit configured to acquire band images of an object, using filters of which transmission center wavelengths are different from each another; a detection unit configured to select a first band image from the band images, and detect a target region that is to be improved with respect to visibility; a selection unit configured to select a second band image, which includes information, originated from a structure of the object, within the target region, from among the band images other than the first band image; and a generation unit configured to generate a spectral image from a band image. The generation unit uses at least a band image that has been captured using a same filter as the second band image, upon generating a spectral image of the object. 1. An image processing apparatus generating a spectral image , the image processing apparatus comprising:an acquisition unit configured to acquire a plurality of band images which are generated by imaging an object, using a plurality of filters of which transmission center wavelengths are different from each another;a detection unit configured to select a first band image from the plurality of band images, and detect a target region that is to be improved with respect to visibility within the first band image;a selection unit configured to select a second band image, which includes information, originated from a structure of the object, within the target region, from among the plurality of band images other than the first band image; anda generation unit configured to generate a spectral image from a band image,wherein the generation unit uses at least a band image that has been captured using a same filter as the second band image, upon generating a spectral image of the object or a spectral image of another object having a same spectral characteristic as the object.2. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprisinga calculation unit ...

PHOTOSYNTHESIS RATE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM

The present invention provides a photosynthesis rate measurement system capable of measuring carbon dioxide concentration in order to calculate the photosynthesis rate of plants with a simple configuration. The present invention is a photosynthesis rate measurement system, including a covering portion covering target plants, a sensor housing, and a sensor alternately measuring carbon dioxide concentrations inside and outside the covering portion. The sensor is provided in the sensor housing, and an air stirring portion to improve the sensor's response is equipped in the sensor housing. 1. A photosynthesis rate measurement system of a plant , comprising:a covering portion covering a target plant,a sensor housing, anda sensor in the sensor housing alternately measuring carbon dioxide concentrations inside and outside the covering portion,wherein an air stirring portion to enhance the mixing of the air in the sensor housing is equipped inside the sensor housing.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensor measures the difference in carbon dioxide concentrations between inflow air and outflow air of the covering portion claim 1 , andthe air stirring portion is equipped with the sensor in the sensor housing to improve the response speed of the sensor to trace changes in the carbon dioxide concentrations.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the air stirring portion is provided to face a surface where the sensor and the air are in contact with each other inside the sensor housing.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the covering portion comprises a canopy and a covering sheet claim 1 ,the canopy is arranged above the target plant,the covering sheet is arranged to cover a side of the target plant, andthe covering sheet is configured to comprise an overlapped part of two adjacent sheets.5. The system of claim 4 , further comprising a lid and a string supporting the target plant claim 4 ,wherein the canopy is provided with holes,the lid comprises an insertion portion through ...

FECES COLOR DETECTION DEVICE

A plurality of color sensing sections are attached to a toilet seat so as to test a health state or a fecal occult blood portion every time by capturing the feces surface color during defecation. Before feces which have been excreted from a body sink into a water-seal portion, the circumference of the feces is optically captured to detect the color of the surface of the feces. By monitoring changes in color, the health state of the defecator is monitored. In particular, by checking the presence/absence of an occult blood portion, the present invention assists in early detection of colorectal cancer and allows a fecal occult blood test to be performed in a hygienic manner without burdening the user. 1. A toilet comprising:a toilet bowl, the toilet bowl configured to retain water in a water-seal portion and configured to receive feces into the water-seal portion;a toilet seat provided on the toilet bowl;an illumination section for outputting illumination light to feces before the feces sink into the water-seal portion of the toilet bowl, said illumination section having at least two different emission wavelengths, the illumination section being provided on the toilet seat or an upper portion of the toilet bowl; anda linear sensor having light-receiving pixels arranged in a linear array, for receiving reflected light generated by reflection of the illumination light at the feces, the linear sensor being provided on the toilet seat or an upper portion of the toilet bowl.2. The toilet according to claim 1 , wherein the at least two different emission wavelengths are selected from the group consisting of a red wavelength claim 1 , an infra-red wavelength claim 1 , a blue wavelength and a green wavelength.3. The toilet according to claim 2 , wherein the illumination section comprises a first illuminator and a second illuminator claim 2 , and a wavelength of light output from the first illuminator differs from a wavelength of light output from the second illuminator.4. The ...

APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING A MEASURED VALUE OF A MEASURAND IN PROCESS AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGY AND ITS METHOD OF USE

The disclosure includes an apparatus for determining a measured value in a liquid medium, comprising at least a light transmitter, at least one light receiver assigned to the transmitter, a measuring chamber that can be filled with the medium, wherein an optical path runs through the measuring chamber from the transmitter to the receiver. The apparatus includes a dosing apparatus for dosing at least one reagent and/or the medium, and for inserting the dosed reagent and/or the medium into the measuring chamber. The dosing apparatus is designed as a tube, and the tube includes at least a first control point, wherein the volume in the tube from a starting point to a first control point defines the amount of reagent or medium to be inserted into the measuring chamber. The disclosure further includes the use of the apparatus and a method for dosing the reagent. 1. An apparatus for determining a measured value of a measurand in a liquid medium by means of an optical sensor comprising:at least one transmitter for transmitting transmitted light;at least one receiver associated with the transmitter for receiving received light;a measuring chamber, wherein an optical measuring path extends through the measuring chamber from the transmitter to the receiver;at least one dosing apparatus structured to generate a dosage of at least one reagent and/or the medium and for providing the dosage of the at least one reagent and/or the medium into the measuring chamber, wherein the dosing apparatus is a tube including a first control point, and wherein a volume of the tube from a starting point to the first control point defines the amount of a reagent or the medium to be provided into the measuring chamber; anda superordinate unit configured to generate an excitation signal to produce the transmitted light,wherein the transmitted light is converted into the received light by means of interaction along the measuring path in the measuring chamber with the at least one reagent and the ...

REDUCING DRIFT EFFECTS OF SCINTILLATOR DETECTORS BY LIGHT IRRADIATION

A detector is disclosed for detecting X-ray and/or gamma radiation, including a scintillator element for converting the X-ray and/or gamma radiation into light. The scintillator element has at least one side surface, an upper side and a lower side, a first photodiode on the lower side of the scintillator element. The detector further includes an electronic evaluation device, a light source designed to illuminate the scintillator element, and a light-impermeable housing which surrounds the scintillator element, the first photodiode, the electronic evaluation device and the light source. 1. A detector for detecting at least one of X-ray and gamma radiation , comprising:a scintillator element to convert the at least one of X-ray and gamma radiation into light, wherein the scintillator element includes at least one side surface, an upper side and a lower side;a first photodiode on the lower side of the scintillator element;an electronic evaluation device;a light source, designed to illuminate the scintillator element; anda light-impermeable housing, to house the scintillator element, the first photodiode, the electronic evaluation device and the light source.2. The detector of claim 1 , wherein the light source is designed to emit photons from the light source including a wavelength less than an excitation wavelength of the scintillator element.3. The detector of claim 1 , wherein the light source is designed to emit photons including a wavelength detectable by the first photodiode.4. The detector of claim 1 , further comprising an optical element for uniform illumination of at least one section of the scintillator element.5. The detector of claim 1 , further comprising a filter between the scintillator element and the first photodiode claim 1 , the filter being impermeable for the wavelength of the light source.6. The detector of claim 1 , wherein the light source is arranged such that the upper side or the lower side of the scintillator element is illuminatable.7. The ...

Method for Quantitatively Measuring the Concentration of a Compound of Unknown Concentration in Solution

The present invention relates to methods of spectrophotometric determination of the presence of particular substances in a complex mixture of compounds. This invention relates to methods for determining the concentration of various components of complex biological samples including the determination of the concentration of polyoxyethylene containing compounds including polysorbate in protein containing samples as well as determining the ratio of drug to antibody ratios in antibody-drug conjugate solutions 1. A method for determining the concentration of a second compound in a solution comprising buffer and a first compound and a second compound comprising:a. collecting a set of optical density versus wavelength spectra at two or more path lengths of the buffer of a solution containing first compound only to produce a first buffer background spectra;b. collecting a set of optical density versus wavelength spectra at two or more path lengths for the solution containing first compound only;c. correcting the solution containing first compound spectra with the first buffer background spectra to produce a first compound background corrected spectra;d. selecting two or more data points at a first wavelength from the first compound background corrected spectra and performing linear regression on the data points to produce a first slope;e. selecting two or more data points at a second wavelength from the first compound background corrected spectra and performing linear regression on the data point to produce a second slope;f. calculating the ratio of the slopes at the first and second wavelengths for the first compound;g. collecting a set of optical density versus wavelength spectra at two or more path lengths of a buffer of a solution containing a known concentration of the second compound only to produce a second buffer background spectra;h. collecting a set of optical density versus wavelength spectra at two or more path lengths of a solution containing a known ...

FUEL TANK ANALYSIS

A probe for determining a characteristic of the contents in a fuel tank. The probe includes at least one analysis element. The or each analysis element has an input for inputting light to a sampling region to be analysed and an output for outputting light that has passed through the sampling region from the input. A system including a probe and a spectrometer is also provided. 1. A system for determining at least one characteristic of contents within a fuel tank , comprising:a probe having a plurality of analysis elements, each analysis element having an input configured to input light to a sampling region of a content within the fuel tank to be analysed and an output for outputting light that has passed through the sampling region from the input;a spectrometer configured to analyse the light received by the output of each of the analysis elements and measure absorption spectra for the content of the fuel tank; anda processor configured to compare the measured absorption spectra of the content within the sampling region of the fuel tank with a known spectra of substances to determine at least one substance present within the content of the fuel tank.2. The system according to claim 1 , further comprising a photo detector coupled to the spectrometer claim 1 , the photo detector configured to convert individual spectral components of the measured absorption spectra into a digital format.3. The system according to claim 2 , wherein the photo detector comprises a charge-coupled device.4. The system according to claim 1 , further comprising a light source for generating light to be delivered to the input of each analysis element.5. The system according to claim 4 , wherein the light source comprises a broadband light source or a swept narrowband light source.6. The system according to claim 1 , further comprising a storage medium for storing known absorption spectra of substances.7. The system according to claim 1 , wherein each analysis element comprises an optical ...

METHOD FOR QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF OXIDANT AND APPRATUS FOR QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF OXIDANT

The present invention provides a method for quantitative determination of oxidant which method is capable of accurately and rapidly performing quantitative determination of oxidant at low cost, and an apparatus for quantitative determination of oxidant used in the method. The method for quantitative determination of oxidant according to the present invention is a method for quantitative determination of oxidant performing quantitative determination of oxidant in a sample using a redox reaction, the method including: adding one kind of reducing agent to a sample solution containing one or a plurality of kinds of oxidants having different lifetimes; producing an absorbance curve by measuring a time change in absorbance of the post-color-change or post-coloring reducing agent; and performing the quantitative determination of the oxidant while identifying the oxidant in the sample solution based on the obtained absorbance curve. 1. A method for quantitative determination of oxidant performing quantitative determination of oxidant in a sample using a redox reaction ,the method comprising: adding one kind of reducing agent to a sample solution containing one or a plurality of kinds of oxidants having different lifetimes; producing an absorbance curve by measuring a time change in absorbance of the post-color-change or post-coloring reducing agent; and performing the quantitative determination of the oxidant while identifying the oxidant in the sample solution based on the obtained absorbance curve.2. The method for quantitative determination of oxidant according to claim 1 , wherein the oxidant in the sample solution is identified by comparing the obtained absorbance curve with a separately-acquired standard approximate curve indicating a time change in absorbance of a well-known oxidant.3. The method for quantitative determination of oxidant according to claim 2 , wherein the obtained absorbance curve is broken down into at least one kind of approximate curve by a curve ...

SMALL VOLUME, LONG PATHLENGTH MULTI-PASS GAS CELL FOR IR AND UV MONITORING

A multipass cell assembly for monitoring of fluid is described, as well as fluid processing systems utilizing same, and associated methods of use of such multipass cell assembly for fluid monitoring. The multipass cell assembly is usefully employed in fluid processing operations such as monitoring of vapor deposition process reactants, e.g., reactants used for vapor deposition metallization of tungsten from a tungsten carbonyl precursor. 1. A multipass cell assembly for monitoring of fluid , comprising:an arcuate circumscribing member defining a multipass optical reflection chamber, the arcuate circumscribing member comprising inwardly facing reflective surface along an arcuate extent thereof that generates multipass optical reflection of light impinged thereon;a light input structure configured to direct light from a light source onto the reflective surface of the arcuate circumscribing member so that said multipass optical reflection of light is generated in the optical reflection chamber;a light output structure configured to direct multipassed light from the reflective surface of the arcuate circumscribing member out of the optical reflection chamber for detection and processing thereof;a fluid inlet configured to introduce fluid to the multipass optical reflection chamber so that it interacts with multipassing light therein; anda fluid outlet configured to discharge fluid from the multipass optical reflection chamber after interaction with multipassing light therein.2. The multipass cell assembly of claim 1 , wherein the reflective surface comprises a plurality of mirrors along the arcuate extent of the arcuate circumscribing member.3. The multipass cell assembly of claim 2 , wherein the arcuate circumscribing member comprises an arcuate circumscribing support comprising receiving openings therein claim 2 , in which respective ones of said plurality of mirrors are mounted.4. The multipass cell assembly of claim 3 , wherein the mirrors comprise parabolic mirrors ...

Maturity determination device and maturity determination method

A maturity determination device includes an image capturing device to capture a image including a plurality of first and second pixels; and a signal processing circuit configured to find an area size ratio of an intensity distribution of light of a first wavelength band on the basis of a predetermined reference value based on pixel values obtained from the plurality of first and second pixels, and to generate maturity determination information in accordance with the area size ratio. The first pixel includes a first light transmission filter, and the second pixel includes a second light transmission filter. The intensity of the light of the first wavelength band reflected by the fruits and vegetables varies in accordance with the maturity level, and the intensity of the light of the second wavelength band reflected by the fruits and vegetables is substantially the same regardless of the maturity level.

MEASURING DEVICE

A measuring device includes: an irradiator that irradiates electromagnetic waves to an inspection object; a light collector having a reflecting surface that guides, to a light-collecting surface, electromagnetic waves whose incident angle with respect to an incident end facing the inspection object is within a predetermined angle, among the electromagnetic waves that have been transmitted through the inspection object; and a detector that detects the electromagnetic waves guided to the light-collecting surface. The measuring device measures a characteristic of the inspection object based on the detected electromagnetic waves. 1. A measuring device comprising:an irradiator that irradiates electromagnetic waves to an inspection object;a light collector having a reflecting surface that guides, to a light-collecting surface, electromagnetic waves whose incident angle with respect to an incident end facing the inspection object is within a predetermined angle, among the electromagnetic waves that have been transmitted through the inspection object; anda detector that detects the electromagnetic waves guided to the light-collecting surface, whereinthe measuring device measures a characteristic of the inspection object based on the detected electromagnetic waves.2. The measuring device according to claim 1 , wherein the light-collecting surface is an opening surface in an exit end facing the detector.3. The measuring device according to claim 1 , wherein the reflecting surface is a compound paraboloidal surface.4. The measuring device according to claim 1 , wherein an opening area of the incident end of the light collector is larger than an irradiation area where the inspection object is irradiated with the electromagnetic waves.5. The measuring device according to claim 1 , wherein the inspection object has a sheet-like shape.6. The measuring device according to claim 1 , whereinthe electromagnetic waves are infrared, visible, or ultraviolet rays including a plurality of ...

SPECTROSCOPIC MEASURING DEVICE AND METHOD TO DETERMINE CONCENTRATIONS OF POLLUTANTS

The invention relates to a method for determining concentrations of absorbing gases by means of a spectroscopic measuring device, wherein wavelength-dependent measurement values for a light intensity are obtained and a wavelength-dependent measurement value function is represented based on these values. A wavelength-dependent theoretical function is defined, which includes as parameters a calibration parameter and the concentrations. The calibration parameter is defined as a function of a device parameter and a correction parameter that depends on the concentrations. A cycle comprising a sequence of steps is performed several times in a row, wherein in a first step a numerical value for the correction factor is calculated from stipulated assumed values of the concentrations, wherein in a second step the theoretical function is determined using the calculated numerical value, wherein in a third step values for the concentrations are obtained by a curve adjustment calculation between the theoretical function determined in the second step and the measurement value functions and are stipulated as new assumed values. The assumed values obtained in the third step of the last cycle are output as new measured values. 1. A method for determining at least one concentration of at least one absorbing gas in a gas mixture to be measured by means of a spectroscopic measuring device , which comprises a light source , a measuring cell comprising an optical resonator , a detector and a computer unit , wherein the gas mixture is arranged in the measuring cell and a light beam is sent to the measuring cell through an entrance of the measuring cell by means of the light source , wherein wavelength-dependent measurement values for a light intensity of light leaving from an exit of the measuring cell are obtained by means of the detector , wherein a wavelength-dependent shape of the light intensity is represented as a wavelength-dependent measurement value function and wherein a curve ...

METHANE PEAK DETECTION

A method for monitoring air quality is described. The method includes measuring ethane and methane using a mobile sensor platform to provide sensor data. The sensor data includes methane data and ethane data captured at a nonzero mobile sensor platform speed. Methane and ethane peak(s) are identified in the sensor data. Correlation(s) between the methane and ethane peak(s) and/or between the methane peak(s) and at least one amount of C are determined. A source for the methane is determined based on the correlation.

COMPONENT MEASUREMENT DEVICE, COMPONENT MEASUREMENT METHOD, AND COMPONENT MEASUREMENT PROGRAM

A component measurement device for measuring a component of interest in blood based on an optical property of a mixture containing a pigmentary component colored by a color reaction between the component of interest in the blood and a reagent, the component measurement device including: an absorbance obtaining unit configured to obtain a measured value of absorbance of the mixture at a measuring wavelength; and an absorbance correction unit configured to correct the measured value of absorbance of the mixture at the measuring wavelength based on information on scattered light and a ratio between reduced hemoglobin and oxygenated hemoglobin in erythrocytes. 1. A component measurement device for measuring a component of interest in blood based on an optical property of a mixture containing a pigmentary component colored by a color reaction between the component of interest in the blood and a reagent , the component measurement device comprising:an absorbance obtaining unit configured to obtain a measured value of absorbance of the mixture at a measuring wavelength; andan absorbance correction unit configured to correct the measured value of absorbance of the mixture at the measuring wavelength based on information on scattered light and a ratio between reduced hemoglobin and oxygenated hemoglobin in erythrocytes.2. The component measurement device according to claim 1 , wherein: obtain a first measured value of absorbance of the mixture at a first wavelength and a second measured value of absorbance of the mixture at a second wavelength, both of which are within a wavelength band longer than the measuring wavelength within a wavelength band corresponding to a full width at half maximum of a peak wavelength band in an absorbance spectrum of the pigmentary component, and', 'obtain a third measured value of absorbance of the mixture at a third wavelength and a fourth measured value of absorbance of the mixture at a fourth wavelength, both of which are within a wavelength ...

PRECIOUS STONE TESTING DEVICE

A gemstone testing apparatus with an apparatus body, a reflector housing with a light reflective layer at its interior surface, a transparent housing portion that is transparent for ultraviolet light, and a detector probe that is protruding from the transparent housing portion. An UV light emitter is provided within the reflector housing, which is adapted for directing the UV light through the transparent housing portion into the vicinity of a tip of the detector probe. 1. A gemstone testing apparatus comprising:an apparatus body enclosing electronic circuitry;a visible violet light emitter configured to generate visible violet light;a reflector housing, an interior surface of the reflector housing being provided with a light reflective layer;a transparent housing portion provided adjacent to the reflector housing; anda detector probe protruding from the transparent housing portion,wherein the visible violet light emitter is provided within the reflector housing and the reflector housing is provided for directing the visible violet light of the visible violet light emitter through the transparent housing portion into the vicinity of a tip of the detector probe,wherein the detector probe and the visible violet light emitter are connected to the electronic circuitry, andwherein the electronic circuitry comprises a conductivity sensing circuitry that is connected to the detector probe and to a processing unit, the processing unit being operative to turn on the visible violet light emitter and to perform a subsequent conductivity measurement using the conductivity sensing circuitry.2. The gemstone testing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the visible violet light emitter is configured to emit light in the visible violet and blue spectrum.3. The gemstone testing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the visible violet light emitter is configured to emit light with a wavelength of 390 nm to 450 nm.4. The gemstone testing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the detector probe is provided ...

Biological devices and methods of use thereof for the detection of amyloid proteins

Described herein are devices and methods for simultaneously expressing amyloid precursor protein and TonB protein. These devices and methods increase the production of these two proteins while also minimizing costs, making the proteins more widely accessible for medical research purposes, including the development of diagnostic tests for numerous diseases associated with elevated production of amyloid proteins. The amyloid precursor protein and TonB produced by the devices and methods described herein, as well as the devices themselves, can be used in experiments designed to model the interactions between metals and amyloids such as β-amyloid that are characteristic of numerous diseases such as Alzheimer's. Finally, provided herein are diagnostic tests that can detect Alzheimer's disease in samples from patients; the tests are sensitive enough to identify diseases such as Alzheimer's even at pre-clinical stages, before the appearance of symptoms.

LIGHT MODULATION DEVICE AND SINGLE-CHANNEL SPECTRUM DETECTION SYSTEM

A light modulation device and a single-channel spectrum detection system are provided. The light modulation device includes: a light guide plate; a dispersing component configured to disperse received light into light of different wavelengths and to diffract the light of different wavelengths into the light guide plate at different angles; and a dynamic filtering component configured to prevent light of a selected wavelength in the light guide plate from entering the dynamic filtering component such that the light of the selected wavelength emits out from the light guide plate, and to make light of non-selected wavelengths in the light guide plate enter the dynamic filtering component such that the light of the non-selected wavelengths is filtered out from the light guide plate. 1. A light modulation device , comprising:a light guide plate;a dispersing component configured to disperse received light into light of different wavelengths and to diffract the light of different wavelengths into the light guide plate at different angles; anda dynamic filtering component configured to prevent light of a selected wavelength in the light guide plate from entering the dynamic filtering component such that the light of the selected wavelength emits out from the light guide plate, and to make light of non-selected wavelengths in the light guide plate enter the dynamic filtering component such that the light of the non-selected wavelengths is filtered out from the light guide plate.2. The light modulation device of claim 1 , whereinthe dynamic filtering component comprises: a first electrode, a second electrode, a first grating layer and liquid crystal molecules, wherein the first grating layer is between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the liquid crystal molecules are filled in a gap formed by the first electrode, the second electrode and the first grating layer.3. The light modulation device of claim 1 , wherein the dispersing component comprises a second ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MEASUREMENT SELECTION AND PROBE GUIDING IN A GINGIVITIS DETECTOR

A system () for detecting tissue inflammation, and gingivitis specifically, including a light emitter () configured to emit light at a tissue region () within a user's mouth; a light detector () configured to detect optical signals diffusely reflected through the tissue region over a period of time; a controller () configured to: determine a slope signal (Q) based on at least two signals (R(λ), R(λ)) from the optical signals, the at least two signals including at least one signal from a hemoglobin-dominated wavelength range; determine one or more characteristics of the slope signal; and select a best measurement signal based on the one or more characteristics of the slope signal. The system further includes a user interface () configured to provide information regarding a position of a probe for accurate detection of tissue inflammation based on the one or more characteristics of the slope signal. 1. A system for detecting tissue inflammation , comprising:a light emitter configured to emit light at a tissue region within a user's mouth;a light detector configured to detect optical signals diffusely reflected through the tissue region over a period of time; [{'sub': 1', '2, 'determine a difference signal (Q) based on the difference between at least two signals (R(λ), R(λ)) from the optical signals of different wavelengths, the at least two signals comprising at least one signal from a hemoglobin-dominated wavelength range and at least one from above the hemoglobin-dominated wavelength range;'}, 'determine one or more characteristics of the difference signal; and', 'select a best measurement signal based on the one or more characteristics of the difference signal; and, 'at least one controller characterized in that the controller is configured toa user interface configured to provide information regarding a position of a probe for accurate detection of tissue inflammation based on the one or more characteristics of the difference signal.2. The system of claim 1 , ...

Feature vector for classifying specular objects based on material type

Material classification for a sample fabricated from an unknown material, particularly a specular sample such as a metallic sample fabricated from an unknown metal. A measurement is obtained of a specular reflection of the sample at at least one observation angle and in at least two spectral bands including first and second spectral bands; a feature vector is calculated using a homogeneous function that combines the measured specular reflections in the first and second spectral bands; and the sample is classified based on the feature vector. The homogeneous function may include a ratio of values of the first and second spectral bands of the measured specular reflections, and the feature vector may be based on a histogram of such ratio values. Classification may include determining a distance between the feature vector of the sample and a feature vector of a reference sample in a predetermined database of labeled samples.

SPECTROPHOTOMETER, SPECTROMETER, AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SPECTROPHOTOMETER

A spectrophotometer includes a white light source condenser lenses that collect light emitted from the white light source a slit that diffracts the light collected by the condenser lenses a concave diffraction grating that splits the light having passed through the slit and a multi-wavelength detector having a plurality of photodetection elements that detect the light split by the concave diffraction grating and each of the plurality of photodetection elements included in the multi-wavelength detector is arranged at an image position of the concave diffraction grating 1. A spectrophotometer , comprising:a light source;a condenser lens that collects light emitted from the light source;a slit that diffracts the light collected by the condenser lens;a concave diffraction grating that splits the light passing through the slit; anda multi-wavelength detector having a plurality of photodetection elements that detect the light split by the concave diffraction grating,wherein each of the plurality of photodetection elements included in the multi-wavelength detector is arranged at an image position of the concave diffraction grating.2. The spectrophotometer according to claim 1 ,wherein the multi-wavelength detector further comprises a substrate made of a material having the same linear expansion coefficient as that of a main substrate constituting the concave diffraction grating and a flexible wiring substrate having the plurality of photodetection elements arranged thereon.3. The spectrophotometer according to claim 2 ,{'b': '303', 'wherein a surface of the substrate on which the flexible wiring substrate is fixed is curved.'}4. The spectrophotometer according to claim 3 ,wherein groove periods of grooves provided on the surface of the concave diffraction grating are regular, andwherein the plurality of photodetection elements are arranged on a Rowland circle.5. The spectrophotometer according to claim 3 ,wherein groove periods of grooves provided on the surface of the ...

CHARACTERISATION OF THROMBUS

A method of characterizing a sample comprising a thrombus collected from a patient is described. The method comprises illuminating the sample with electromagnetic light, detecting light reflected or Raman scattered by the sample at a plurality of wavelengths, and classifying the sample based on a spectral analysis of the detected reflected or Raman scattered light. The spectral analysis may comprise principal component analysis PCA, discriminant function analysis DFA, or cluster analysis. The classification may be according to thrombus color, i.e., erythrocyte rich “red” versus erythrocyte poor “white”, or according to degree of a clinical marker, e.g., microvascular obstruction MVO. 1. A method of characterising a sample comprising thrombus collected from a patient , the method comprising:illuminating the sample with optical electromagnetic radiation;detecting electromagnetic radiation scattered by the sample at a plural number of wavelengths; andclassifying the composition of the sample using a spectral analysis of the detected electromagnetic radiation at the plural number of wavelengths.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the optical electromagnetic radiation has a wavelength in a range from a lower limit of 100 nm to an upper limit of 1 mm.3. A method according to claim 2 , wherein the lower limit is 190 nm.4. A method according to claim 2 , wherein the upper limit is 20 μm.5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the wavelengths include a wavelength in a range from 585 nm to 595 nm.6. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of detecting electromagnetic radiation comprises detecting electromagnetic radiation reflected at the plural number of wavelengths to derive the reflectances of the sample at the plural number of wavelengths; and the step of classifying the composition of the sample uses a spectral analysis of the derived reflectances at the plural number of wavelenghts.7. A method according to claim 6 , wherein the step of detecting ...

OPTICAL MULTIMETER

The present disclosure embodies an improved optical instrument that includes an embodied fitting to the standardized probe with the optical structure to facilitate refractometer optics to the probe tip with a turbidity and/or color meter to form an embodied optical multimeter. 1. An improved optical instrument , comprising at least one of the following within a same refractometer probe: a turbidity meter and a color meter.2. The improved optical instrument of claim 1 , comprising in the same device claim 1 , the refractometer prism in a double duty as a refractometer prism and a bulk measurement window.3. The improved optical instrument of claim 1 , wherein the color meter is adapted in the color measurement to apply in turn an ensemble of light sources comprising more than one light sources of different wavelengths.4. The improved optical instrument of claim 3 , wherein each color is produced by that color's own light source claim 3 , to transform the optical signal in each respective color to corresponding electrical signal to provide a combination of the color signals in the measurements to yield the true color of the process liquid.5. The improved optical instrument according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one of the light sources of the optical instrument has such a light source whose emitted light has a wavelength that is in the visible spectrum range.6. The improved optical instrument according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the light sources of the optical instrument has such a light source whose emitted light has a wavelength that is outside the said visible spectrum range.7. A method of measuring absorption peaks claim 1 , comprising providing the optical instrument of claim 1 , and applying the optical instrument to measure the absorption peaks.8. The method of claim 7 , comprising measuring absorption peak of carbon dioxide.9. A method of compensating for refractive index variation in bulk measurements claim 1 , comprising providing the optical ...

TUNABLE FILTERS FOR SPECTRAL SENSING

A spectroscopic analysis device for analysis of a sample comprising: a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) comprising: an input (DEF) for receiving light from the sample; and a demultiplexer (DEMUX) arranged to distribute the received light into at least a first optical chain (C) and a second optical chain (C); wherein each optical chain (C C) of the photonic integrated circuit C(PIC) further comprises a tunable bandpass filter (TBF TBF) and a variable attenuator (ATT ATT) and a photodetector (PD PD) arranged respectively to filter and to attenuate and to detect the light distributed into its corresponding optical chain (C C). 1. A spectroscopic analysis device for analysis of a sample of a substrate , the device comprising:a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) comprising:an input (DEF) for receiving light from the sample;a demultiplexer (DEMUX),{'b': 1', '2, 'at least a first optical chain (C) and a second optical chain (C),'}{'b': 1', '2, 'wherein the demultiplexer (DEMUX) is arranged to distribute the received light into the first optical chain (C) and a second optical chain (C);'}{'b': 1', '2', '1', '2', '1', '2', '1', '2', '1', '2, 'wherein each optical chain (C, C) of the photonic integrated circuit (PIC) further comprises a tunable bandpass filter (TBF, TBF) and a variable attenuator (ATT, ATT) and a photodetector (PD, PD) arranged respectively to filter and to attenuate and to detect the light distributed into its corresponding optical chain (C, C),'}wherein the spectroscope analysis device further comprises: [{'b': 1', '2, 'to control the two or more tunable bandpass filters (TFB, TFB),'}, {'b': 1', '2, 'to control the two or more variable attenuators (ATT, ATT),'}, {'b': 1', '2, 'to receive photodetector results obtained from the two or more photodetectors (PD, PD), and'}, 'to provide spectroscope analysis results based on the received photodetector results,, 'a controller (MC) arranged,'}{'b': 1', '2', '1', '2', '1', '2', '1', '2', '1', '2, 'wherein the ...

Multidimensional White Light Spectrometer

A multidimensional spectrometer provides broadband white light pump and probe pulses to allow acquisition of multidimensional spectral information over a wide range commensurate with solar-related chemical processes.

DETECTING DEVICE, DETECTING METHOD, AND RECORDING MEDIUM

A light source () of a disguising mask detecting device () emits light at a person who is a subject. A camera () acquires images in multiple different wavelength ranges of reflected light of the light emitted at the person. A face detector () detects a face region of the person from the images acquired by the camera (). A determiner () determines that the person is wearing a disguising mask when luminances of the face region in the images satisfy specific relations different from relations exhibited by skin. 1. A detecting device comprising:at least one memory configured to store instructions; and acquire a visible light image including a face region of a person;', 'acquire an infrared light image in an infrared wavelength range;', 'detect the face region of the person in the visible light image; and', 'determine whether the person is disguised with the silicon mask based on the infrared light image., 'at least one processor configured to execute the instructions to2. The detecting device according to claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to execute instructions to cause the detecting device to:determine whether the person is disguised with the silicon mask based on luminance of the infrared light image.3. The detecting device according to claim 2 , wherein the processor is further configured to execute instructions to cause the detecting device to:detect a characteristic region from the face region of the person in the visible light image; anddetermine whether the person is disguised based on luminance of a characteristic region of the infrared light image related to the characteristic region of the visible light image.4. The detecting device according to claim 2 , wherein the processor is further configured to execute instructions to cause the detecting device to:determine that the person is disguised in the case where luminance of the face region in the infrared image satisfies specific relation.5. The detecting device according to claim 2 , ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF MATERIALS

An apparatus and method are presented for the analysis of materials. The apparatus includes two or more similar analyzers, with the output of the analyzers combined to provide improved measurements. The apparatus may be, for example, a differential photometric analyzer, such as the AETHALOMETER®. The apparatus includes a processor programmed to accept an instrument constant determined at low filter loadings and use the constant to compensate for non-linear instrument responses. A method is also presented for conditioning filters before use. 1. An apparatus to measure constituents of interest in a sample having a concentration , B , said apparatus comprising:{'b': 1', '1', '1', '1, 'a first analyzer including a first filter portion having a first area, C, operable to accumulate constituents of interest in a first portion of the sample having a first flow rate, F, and a detector operable to measure a first attenuation as a function of time, A, of the constituent of interest on said first filter and provide a first measure of B, B;'}{'b': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'a second analyzer including a second filter portion having a second area, C, operable to accumulate constituents of interest in a second portion of the sample having a second flow rate, F, and a detector operable to measure a second attenuation as a function of time, A, of the constituent of interest on the second filter and provide a second measure of B, B; and'}a processing device having a processor operable to receive the first detector and second detector measurements and provide an indication of the constituents of interest in the flow, where the processor is programmed to determine an estimate of the concentration of the constituents of interest by:{'b': '1', 'receiving an instrument calibration, P, where P is determined for the apparatus in the limit of A→0,'}{'b': 1', '2, 'determining current values of F and F,'}{'b': 1', '2, 'determining current values of A and A, and'}{'b': 1', '1', '1', '2', '2', '2, ' ...

SENSOR

A purpose of the present invention is to provide a sensor with high sensitivity or high target substance selectivity. 1. A sensor comprising:a structure having an internal space into which a detection target is capable of flowing;a light-emitting element; anda photo-receptor element,wherein the sensor is disposed so that light emitted from the light-emitting element passes through the internal space to reach the photo-receptor element, anda wavelength of light emitted from the light-emitting element falls within a range from 2.5 μm to 15 μm inclusive.2. The sensor according to claim 1 , wherein a length of the internal space in a direction perpendicular to an extension direction of the structure is less than or equal to 1000 μm.3. The sensor according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in the internal space claim 1 , an optical path length of the light is less than or equal to 1000 μm.4. The sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the structure includes a first substrate and a second substrate claim 1 , the first substrate and the second substrate bonding at respective peripheral portions of the internal space.5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. The sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the structure includes a first end in an extension direction of the internal space claim 1 , and a second end on an opposite side of the structure from the first end claim 1 , the first end being closed claim 1 , the second end being open so that the detection target is capable of entering and exiting.8. The sensor according to claim 7 , wherein the second end includes an inflow port and an outflow port for the detection target.9. The sensor according to claim 7 , wherein a distance from the light-emitting element to the first end in the structure is shorter than a distance from the light-emitting element to the second end in the structure.10. The sensor according to claim 1 , further comprising a printed substrate claim 1 ,wherein the light-emitting element, the photo-receptor element, and the ...

OPTICAL METHOD FOR PREDICTING TREATMENT RESPONSE, SURVIVAL AND RECURRENCE OF ESOPHAGEAL CANCER PATIENTS

The present invention provides an optical method for predicting treatment response, survival and recurrence of esophageal cancer patients, comprising analyzing the spectral signatures of patient's tumor tissue spectra. By the features of the present invention, the prediction result achieves the sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 73.3% in concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) response; the survival prediction rate achieves the sensitivity of 100%; the recurrence prediction rate achieves the sensitivity of 85.7%. 1. An optical method for predicting treatment response of esophageal cancer patients , comprising:obtaining an optical absorption spectrum of a tumor tissue sample from an esophageal cancer patient, the optical absorption spectrum of the tumor tissue sample is a visible optical absorption spectrum;normalizing the optical absorption spectrum of the tumor tissue sample, incorporating into a pre-stored database and grouping by a principal component analysis; wherein a plural of spectral variables of principal component analysis are obtained from wavelength of 450-475 nm and 625-650 nm; andgrouping all the spectra by PC_7 and PC_2 value of the principal component analysis to determine the esophageal cancer patient is identified as having good response or poor response to the treatment;wherein the treatment is concurrent chemoradiotherapy.2. The optical method according to claim 1 , wherein the optical absorption spectrum of the tumor tissue sample is an optical absorption spectrum captured by a wavelength from 450 to 650 nm.3. The optical method according to claim 1 , wherein the optical absorption spectrum of the tumor tissue sample is a transmission absorption spectrum.4. The optical method according to claim 1 , wherein the pre-stored database is pre-stored an effective amount of normalized optical absorption spectra of tumor tissue samples.5. An optical method for predicting survival of esophageal cancer patients claim 1 , comprising:obtaining an optical ...

OPTICAL SYSTEM

The invention relates to an optical system for measuring the absorption of light in a medium, comprising at least one light source for sending light and at least one optical detector, which receives the light and converts it into an electrical signal. The system is characterized in that the system comprises at least one light guide, wherein, in the region of the light source, light is coupled as reference light into the light guide, wherein the light guide is guided, at least in sections, past the medium, and wherein the light guide guides the reference light onto the detector. 1. An optical system for measuring the absorption of light in a medium , comprising:a light source for sending light;an optical detector embodied to receive the light and to convert the received light into an electrical signal; anda first light guide, wherein, in the region of the light source, the first light guide is embodied to couple light as reference light into the first light guide and to guide the reference light past the medium, at least in sections, and onto the optical detector.2. The optical system according to claim 1 , wherein light is radiated by the light source as measurement light in the direction of the medium and guided by the first light guide onto the detector after absorption in the medium.3. The optical system according to claim 2 , further comprising:a light selector configured to switch the light of the light source between measurement light and reference light.4. The optical system according to one of claim 2 , wherein the first light guide is designed in the shape of a Y claim 2 , and wherein a first branch leads in the direction of the optical detector claim 2 , a second branch guides the reference light claim 2 , and a third branch guides the measurement light.5. The optical system according to claim 1 , which comprises exactly one light guide.6. The optical system according to claim 2 , further comprising:a second light guide for reference light, wherein the ...

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR OPTICAL ANALYSIS USING MULTIPLE INTEGRATED COMPUTATIONAL ELEMENTS

A method including generating integrated computational element (ICE) models and determining a sensor response as the projection of a convolved spectrum associated with a sample library with a plurality of transmission profiles determined from the ICE models. The method includes determining a regression vector based on a multilinear regression that targets a sample characteristic with the sensor response and the sample library and determine a plurality of regression coefficients in a linear combination of ICE transmission vectors that results in the regression vector. The method further includes determining a difference between the regression vector and an optimal regression vector. The method may also include modifying the ICE models when the difference is greater than a tolerance, and fabricating ICEs based on the ICE models when the difference is within the tolerance. A device and a system for optical analysis including multiple ICEs fabricated as above, are also provided. 1. A method , comprising:generating a plurality of integrated computational element (ICE) models;determining a sensor response from a projection of a plurality of ICE transmission vectors associated with the plurality of ICE models and a convolved spectrum associated with a sample library;determining a regression vector based on a multilinear regression that targets a sample characteristic from the sample library and the sensor response;determining a plurality of regression coefficients in a linear combination of the plurality of ICE transmission vectors that results in the regression vector;determining a difference between the regression vector and an optimal regression vector associated with the sample characteristic;modifying the plurality of ICE models when the difference between the regression vector and the optimal regression vector is greater than a selected tolerance; andfabricating a plurality of ICEs based on the plurality of ICE models when the difference between the regression vector ...

SPECTROMETRY DEVICE

A spectrometry device includes a first converter that processes a reception signal based on an irradiation light from a first emitter, a second converter that processes a reception signal based on an irradiation light from a second emitter, and a controller that controls the first emitter and the second emitter. The reception signal based on the irradiation light irradiated from the first emitter includes a first reception signal and a second reception signal that each include information that relates to an optical spectrum. When the controller stops the operation of the second emitter, the first converter converts the first reception signal into a first digital signal and the second converter converts the second reception signal into a second digital signal. 1. A spectrometry device , comprising:a first converter that processes a reception signal based on an irradiation light from a first emitter;a second converter that processes a reception signal based on an irradiation light from a second emitter; anda controller that controls the first emitter and the second emitter, whereinthe reception signal based on the irradiation light irradiated from the first emitter includes a first reception signal and a second reception signal that each include information that relates to an optical spectrum, andwhen the controller stops the operation of the second emitter, the first converter converts the first reception signal into a first digital signal and the second converter converts the second reception signal into a second digital signal.2. The spectrometry device of claim 1 , wherein when the first converter converts the first reception signal into the first digital signal during a first time period claim 1 , the controller analyzes the optical spectrum based on the first reception signal converted during the first time period.3. The spectrometry device of claim 2 , wherein when the second converter converts the second reception signal into the second digital signal during a ...

OPTICAL EMISSION SPECTROSCOPIC TECHNIQUES FOR MONITORING ETCHING

Embodiments may include a method of etching. The method may also include flowing a gas mixture through a plasma discharge to form plasma effluents. The method may further include flowing the plasma effluents through a plurality of apertures to a layer on a substrate. The layer may have a first thickness. In addition, the method may include etching the layer with the plasma effluents. The method may also include measuring the intensity of emission from a reaction of plasma effluents with the layer. The method may further include summing the intensity of the emission while the plasma effluents are being flowed to the layer to obtain an integrated intensity. The method may then include comparing the integrated intensity to a reference value corresponding to a target etch thickness. The method may include extinguishing the plasma discharge when the integrated intensity is equal to or greater than the reference value. 1. A method of etching , the method comprising:striking a plasma discharge;flowing a gas mixture comprising a gas through the plasma discharge to form plasma effluents;flowing the plasma effluents through a plurality of apertures to a layer on a substrate, the layer having a first thickness;etching the layer with the plasma effluents;measuring the intensity of emission from a reaction of plasma effluents with the layer;summing the intensity of the emission while the plasma effluents are being flowed to the layer to obtain an integrated intensity;comparing the integrated intensity to a reference value corresponding to a target thickness;extinguishing the plasma discharge when the integrated intensity is equal to or greater than the reference value to define a partially etched layer on the substrate having a second thickness less than the first thickness.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gas is a hydrogen-containing gas.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the layer is a silicon layer.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the emission is from hydrogen.5. The ...

SILICON PHOTONIC CRYSTAL NANOBEAM CAVITY WITHOUT SURFACE CLADDING AND INTEGRATED WITH MICRO-HEATER FOR SENSING APPLICATIONS

A silicon photonic crystal nanobeam cavity device is described, including a heater that can set a desired temperature on the cavity device in order to control its resonant wavelength. The device has no cladding, which is advantageous for sensing. Biosensing applications with temperature control can be carried out with the nanobeam cavity device. 1. A device comprising:a photonic crystal nanobeam cavity;a microheater configured to heat the photonic crystal nanobeam cavity; andat least two electrodes electrically connected to the microheater and configured to provide current to the microheater.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the photonic crystal nanobeam cavity comprises a plurality of cylindrical holes centered along its longitudinal axis.3. The device of claim 2 , further comprising a waveguide optically coupled to the photonic crystal nanobeam cavity.4. The device of claim 3 , wherein the photonic crystal nanobeam cavity is silicon.5. The device of claim 4 , further comprising a silicon pad thermally connecting the microheater to the photonic crystal nanobeam cavity.6. The device of claim 5 , wherein the silicon pad comprises:a central region adjacent to the microheater; andtwo silicon tapered pads, each silicon tapered pad at each end of the photonic crystal nanobeam cavity.7. The device of claim 6 , wherein the microheater is NiCr.8. The device of claim 7 , wherein the photonic crystal nanobeam cavity claim 7 , the waveguide claim 7 , and the silicon pad are coplanar layers on a silicon dioxide substrate.9. The device of claim 8 , wherein the microheater is a layer on top of the central region of the silicon pad.10. The device of claim 9 , wherein the photonic crystal nanobeam cavity has a height of 220 nm and the cylindrical holes have a periodicity of 425 nm and a diameter of 236 nm.11. The device of claim 10 , wherein the cylindrical holes are nine or eleven.12. The device of claim 11 , wherein the photonic crystal nanobeam cavity has an extinction ratio of ...

MICROWELL ARRAY ARTICLES AND METHODS OF USE

The disclosure provides microstructured articles and methods useful for detecting an analyte in a sample. The articles include microwell arrays. The articles can be used with an optical system component in methods to detect or characterize an analyte. 1. A method of detecting an analyte in a microwell array , comprising: a sample suspected of containing an analyte;', 'a reagent for the optical detection of the analyte;', 'an optical detection system; and', a microstructured layer with upper and lower major surfaces, comprising a plurality of optically-isolated microwells extending below the upper major surface; and', 'an optically-transmissive flexible layer coupled to the lower major surface of the microstructured layer;', 'wherein each microwell in the microstructured layer comprises an opening, an optically-transmissive bottom wall, and at least one side wall extending between the opening and the bottom wall;', 'wherein a thickness (t) is defined by a thickness of the bottom wall plus a thickness of the optically-transmissive flexible layer; and', 'wherein t is about 2 μm to about 55 μm;, 'an article, comprising'}], 'providing'}contacting the sample and the reagent in at least one microwells under conditions suitable to detect the analyte, if present, in the at least one microwells; andusing the optical detection system to detect the presence or absence of the analyte in a microwell.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the optical system is optically coupled to the substrate.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the optical system comprises a fiber optic face plate and wherein using the optical detection system comprises passing a signal through the fiber optic face plate.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the optical system comprises a CCD image sensor claim 1 , a CMOS image sensor claim 1 , or a photomultiplier tube.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the optical system further comprises a processor.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein detecting the presence or absence ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MEASURING BLOOD INFORMATION

Blood information such as hemolysis (a plasma-free hemoglobin concentration) and a blood coagulation level (thrombus) can be obtained by extracting only reflected light in a plasma layer, and non-invasively and continuously obtaining information only on a plasma component independently of a hematocrit without separating blood components by a mechanical or chemical process. 1. A method for measuring blood information , comprising:causing first measurement light to be incident on a boundary surface between blood flowing through a flow cell formed of a transparent material having a different refractive index from plasma and the flow cell, from an oblique direction at an angle smaller than 90 degrees; andperforming spectrometry of light regularly reflected at the boundary surface between the flow cell and the blood, to obtain information on a plasma component from an absorption spectrum measured.2. The method for measuring blood information according to claim 1 , wherein the information on a plasma component is a refractive index of the plasma.3. The method for measuring blood information according to claim 1 , wherein the reflected light is totally reflected light from the boundary surface.4. The method for measuring blood information according to claim 1 , wherein a Reynolds number or a flow rate of the blood flowing through the flow cell is set to fall within a predetermined range.5. The method for measuring blood information according to claim 1 , wherein a wavelength of the first measurement light to be incident on the boundary surface is 600 nm or shorter.6. The method for measuring blood information according to claim 1 , wherein an incident angle of the first measurement light with respect to the boundary surface is 45 degrees or smaller.7. A method for measuring blood information claim 1 , comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'performing spectrometry of transmitted light that passes through a blood flow path of a flow cell formed of a ...

Methods and Apparatuses for Spectral Qualification of Fuel Properties

A method for determining property values of fuels may include using spectral data collected from one or more other fuels or fuel components. The method may include construction of spectral data representative of a fuel by weighting spectral data for another fuel and spectral data for one or more fuel components. 1. A method of qualifying a fuel , the method comprising:obtaining spectral data for a first fuel;combining the spectral data for said first fuel with spectral data for one or more fuel components to construct spectral data representative of a group of second fuels, said construction comprising weighting the spectral data for said first fuel and the spectral data for said one or more fuel components according to amounts of said first fuel and amounts of said one or more fuel components as suitable for making different members among said group of second fuels;determining one or more property values for member second fuels among said group of second fuels by comparing said constructed spectral data to calibration data; andqualifying one or more member second fuels from among said group of second fuels based on said one or more property values.2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. The method of wherein said group of second fuels includes second fuels that include a varying amount of an adjustable fuel component over a test range.8. The method of wherein said adjustable fuel component is ethanol; and wherein said test range includes a range from about 1% to about 25% by volume.9. The method of wherein said adjustable fuel component is varied in a substantially continuous manner over said test range.10. The method of further comprising estimating a cost for making different members among said group of second fuels.11. (canceled)12. (canceled)13. A method of determining a property value of a property for a fuel claim 1 , the method comprising:obtaining spectral data for a first fuel;combining the spectral data for said first fuel with ...

HYPERSPECTRAL SCANNING

Examples relate to providing hyperspectral scanning of a surface. In some examples, motion capture data of unobstructed portions of the surface are captured, and spectral data of the surface are captured through a slit assembly and diffraction grating. The motion capture data are processed to determine a movement of a scanning device. At this stage, the spectral data are translated and rotated based on the movement of the scanning device to generate images that each correspond to a different color channel. 1. A system for providing hyperspectral scanning of a surface , comprising:a camera to obtain a video stream of the surface;a plurality of motion lights to illuminate unobstructed portions of the surface;a diffraction grating positioned between the camera and a slit assembly;the slit assembly including a plurality of light-emitting diodes (LED's) directed at the surface, the slit assembly proximate to the surface and positioned so that the diffraction grating disperses spectral data into the view of the camera; and process motion capture data of the unobstructed portions to determine a movement of the system; and', 'translate and rotate the spectral data based on the movement of the system to generate a plurality of two-dimensional images that each correspond to a different color channel., 'a scanning module to2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of LED's comprise a plurality of ultraviolet LED's and a plurality of white LED's claim 1 , and wherein the plurality of ultraviolet LED's are used when the spectral data are captured via fluorescence spectroscopy claim 1 , and wherein the plurality of white LED's are used when the spectral data are captured via reflection spectroscopy.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of ultraviolet LED's are installed in a first half of the split assembly claim 2 , and wherein the plurality of white LED's are installed in a second half of the split assembly claim 2 , and wherein LED light from plurality of LED ...

OPTICAL PARAMETRIC WAVEFORM SYNTHESIZER AND METHOD FOR SYNTHESIZING OPTICAL WAVEFORMS

Parametric optical waveform synthesizer () creating optical waveforms () includes: pump source device (); seed source device (); optical parametric amplifier device () having master channel (A) with at least one optical parametric amplifier unit (A, A), and having at least one slave channel (B, C), with at least one optical parametric amplifier unit (B, B, C, C); beam combiner device (), detector devices (), and control system (), which is configured for orthogonal control of seed source device () and optical parametric amplifier device (). 1. An optical parametric waveform synthesizer being configured for creating optical waveforms , comprisinga pump source device being arranged for creating at least one sequence of pump pulses,a seed source device being arranged for creating a sequence of master seed pulses and at least one sequence of slave seed pulses, (a) a master channel with at least one optical parametric amplifier unit being arranged for creating a sequence of master channel laser pulses by non-linear optical interactions using one of the at least one sequence of pump pulses and the sequence of master seed pulses, and', '(b) at least one slave channel with at least one optical parametric amplifier unit being arranged for creating at least one sequence of slave channel laser pulses by non-linear optical interactions using one of the at least one sequence of pump pulses and the at least one sequence of slave seed pulses, wherein, 'an optical parametric amplifier device having'}the master channel and the at least one slave channel are configured such that the sequence of master channel laser pulses and the at least one sequence of slave channel laser pulses have different spectral intensity characteristics,a beam combiner device being arranged for coherently combining the master channel laser pulses and the slave channel laser pulses, thus synthesizing the optical waveforms to be obtained,detector devices being arranged for sensing a relative arrival time ...

REACTION VESSEL FOR AUTOMATIC ANALYZER

A reaction vessel capable of measuring a light amount from a reaction liquid without degrading a function of maintaining the reaction vessel at a predetermined temperature is provided. A reaction vessel including a cylindrical shape centered on a first axis, in which an overall length in a first axis direction is longer than an overall length in a second axis direction and an overall length in a third axis direction, the second axis being perpendicular to the first axis and the third axis being perpendicular to the first axis and the second axis. The reaction vessel includes: an opening part which dispenses a liquid at a portion on one end side in the first axis direction; a first flat surface and a second flat surface which is substantially parallel to the first flat surface. 1. A reaction vessel with a cylindrical shape centered on a first axis which is used in an automatic analyzer for analyzing at least a part of a specimen using a process of measuring absorbance , an overall length in a first axis direction being longer than an overall length in a second axis direction and an overall length in a third axis direction , the second axis being perpendicular to the first axis and the third axis being perpendicular to the first axis and the second axis , the reaction vessel comprising:an opening part which dispenses a liquid at a portion on one end side in the first axis direction;a first flat surface which has one side extending in the first axis direction and the other side extending in the second axis direction from a portion on the other end side in the first axis direction; anda second flat surface which is substantially parallel to the first flat surface at a portion facing the first flat surface in the third axis direction, whereinportions on side surfaces of the first flat surface and the second flat surface are formed to bend in a direction toward an outer side of the reaction vessel, anda length of the first flat surface and the second flat surface in the ...

Colorimeter Attachment for Smart Phone

A colorimeter accessory for a smartphone is provided that, by leveraging the high-volume development of sophisticated smart phone technology, substantially reduces the cost of a colorimeter. The invention provides a sample holder that adapts to a range of smart phone cameras and that provides a light source and interference filter necessary for making accurate narrowband measures of light transmission through the sample holder. A correction system operates to compensate for characteristics of the smart phone camera that can affect accuracy of the reading. The processing system of the smart phone may be enlisted for this correction system and for calculation of concentrations of solution through the measurements that are made. 1. A colorimeter accessory for a personal electronic device of a type having a housing with a face carrying a camera lens having an optical axis extending forward from the camera lens comprising:an adapter for securing the accessory to the housing of the personal electronic device;a lens cover supported by the adapter and surrounding the camera lens to provide a compartment around the camera lens;a transparent liquid holder supported by the lens cover and positioned in front of the camera lens along the optical axis;an interference filter received into the lens cover and positioned in front of the camera lens along the optical axis; anda light source positioned in front of the camera lens, transparent liquid holder and interference filter and providing light along the optical axis.2. The colorimeter accessory of wherein the compartment around the camera lens is sealed against light leakage between the camera lens and the housing.3. The colorimeter accessory of wherein the housing provides an elastomeric material contacting the front face of the personal electronic device to seal the housing surrounding the camera lens.4. The colorimeter accessory of wherein the housing is constructed of an opaque thermoplastic material.5. The colorimeter ...

LASER ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY ISOTOPIC GAS ANALYZER

The present invention provides systems and methods for measuring the isotope ratios of one or more trace gases based on optical absorption spectroscopy methods. The system includes an optical cavity containing a gas. The system also includes a laser optically coupled with the optical cavity, and a detector system for measuring absorption of laser light by the gas in the cavity. 1. A gas analyzer system for measuring an isotopic ratio of gas species by an optical absorption spectroscopy method , the system comprises: an optical cavity containing a gas with chemical species to be measured; one or more lasers optically coupled to the optical cavity; a detector system for measuring absorption of laser light by the gas in the cavity; and an intelligence module comprising a processor adapted to determine a concentration ratio of the two different isotopologues , wherein rotational-vibrational spectra are measured at least at two non-overlapping spectral regions separated by at least 50 nm and selected in such a way that a first rotational-vibrational line of a first rotational-vibrational band of the less abundant isotopologue is located in a first selected spectral region , and a second rotational-vibrational line of a second rotational-vibrational band of the more abundant isotopologue is located in a second selected spectral region , and rotational-vibrational lines of the first band of the less abundant isotopologue are the strongest rotational-vibrational lines of the less abundant isotopologue in the first spectral region , and rotational-vibrational lines of the second band of the more abundant isotopologue are the strongest rotational-vibrational lines of the more abundant isotopologue in the second spectral region , and the line strength of the strongest line of the first rotational-vibrational band of the less abundant isotopologue is two or more times stronger than the line strength of the strongest line of the second rotational-vibrational band of the more ...

CUVETTE AND METHOD FOR MEASURING REFRACTIVE INDEX IN A SPECTROPHOTOMETER

Embodiments of the present invention include a cuvette () for use in determining a refractive index of a sample matter in a spectrophotometer (), the cuvette comprising a container () for holding the sample matter, the container () having an entry window () that allows input radiation to reach the sample matter, the container furthermore having an exit window () that allows a part of the input radiation to exit the container part, the entry window and the exit window defining a radiation path; and comprising a photonic crystal () rigidly attached to the container or integrally formed in the container and arranged in the radiation path, the photonic crystal having a grating part () causing a reflectance spectrum of the photonic crystal to exhibit a resonance. A spectrophotometer is also provided. 1. A cuvette configured to determine a refractive index of a sample in a spectrophotometer , comprising:a container for holding the sample, the container having an entry window that allows input radiation to reach the sample, the container furthermore having an exit window that allows a part of the input radiation to exit the container part, the entry window and the exit window defining a radiation path, anda photonic crystal rigidly attached to a side of the container or integrally formed in a side of the container and arranged in the radiation path, the photonic crystal having a grating part causing a reflectance spectrum of the photonic crystal to exhibit a resonance.219-. (canceled)20. The cuvette in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the photonic crystal is attached to the side of the container.21. The cuvette in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the photonic crystal is integrally formed in the side of the container.22. The cuvette in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the cuvette has a square footprint.23. The cuvette in accordance with claim 22 , wherein the cuvette is configured to be insertable into a spectrophotometer in a first configuration and in a second ...

DISPLAY DEVICE FOR PHOTOMETRIC ANALYZER

To acquire both excellent spectrum and sample image reflecting actual conditions of a sample, and to increase convenience of measurement, provided is a display device for a photometric analyzer, which is configured to irradiate a sample with light to analyze the sample, the display device being configured to display a measurement result of the photometric analyzer, and including: a controller; and a display, which is configured to display an image based on measurement data processed by the controller. The measurement data at least contains a spectrum indicating an intensity of emitted light, which is emitted by the sample irradiated with the light, and a sample image of the sample, which is taken by an imaging device. The display is configured to display the spectrum and the sample image in an arrangement in the same screen. 1. A display device for a photometric analyzer , which is configured to irradiate a sample with light to analyze the sample , the display device being configured to display a measurement result of the photometric analyzer , and comprising:a controller; and the measurement data at least containing a spectrum indicating an intensity of emitted light, which is emitted by the sample irradiated with the light, and a sample image of the sample, which is taken by an imaging device,', 'the display being configured to display the spectrum and the sample image in an arrangement in the same screen., 'a display, which is configured to display an image based on measurement data processed by the controller,'}2. A display device for a photometric analyzer according to claim 1 ,wherein the controller is configured to generate a sample image list including a plurality of sample images, which correspond to wavelengths of a wavelength axis of the spectrum, andwherein the display is configured to display the sample image list in an arrangement so that the sample image list corresponds to the wavelength axis of the spectrum.3. A display device for a photometric ...

Methods for the Detection of Oxidative Adulterants in Urine Sample

The problem of confirming the presence of an adulterant in a urine sample is solved by the use of a reagent capable of reacting with uric acid and non-urate markers in a urine sample. In one embodiment, a phosphotungtate reagent is used to react with the urine sample to create a blue coloration in the presence of uric acid or uric acid equivalents. A reduction or elimination of the blue coloration, resulting in a reduction in the light absorbance, of the urine sample can be used as an indicator of the historical presence of an adulterant. An Oxidant History test can also be generated using the phosphostungtate reagent, wherein the light absorbance resulting from the blue coloration is measured over time, with a measured reduction in the absorbance being an indication that an adulterant is or has been present in the urine sample and is oxidizing the uric acid and non-urate markers over time.

Bubble Composition Analysis

A method of spectroscopically assessing the chemical composition of a bubble while the bubble constrains a gas within the interior of the bubble by passing light passing through the bubble and comparing properties of the light before and after the light has passed through the bubble. The bubble is located, preferably compressed between a first plate and a second plate providing a compressed bubble with relatively flat first polar end wall portion adjacent the first plate in a relatively flat second polar end wall portion adjacent a second plate and directing the light to pass through the bubble via the first and second polar end wall portions. 1. A method of optically assessing the chemical composition of a bubble comprising the steps of:a) generating a bubble having a liquid bubble wall forming a bubble interior compartment enclosing a gas,b) emitting electromagnetic radiation, preferably light, having at least one property,c) passing the emitted light through the bubble to pass the emitted light through both the bubble wall and the bubble interior compartment,d) measuring the property of the emitted light after it has passed through the bubble,e) comparing the measured property of the emitted light after it passes through the bubble with the property of the emitted light before it passes through the bubble,f) estimating based on the results of the comparing step (e) the chemical composition of the spherical bubble.2. A method as claimed in wherein:the bubble is generated as a spherical bubble with the bubble wall being spherical and having an exterior bubble diameter,g) locating the bubble in a gap formed between a first surface and an opposing second surface spaced a distance less than the bubble diameter, preferably in a range of 60% to 90% of the bubble diameter, with the bubble engaging both the first surface and the second surface, andpassing the emitted light through the bubble while the bubble is located in the gap.3. A method as claimed in wherein:the ...

Bilirubin concentration measurement system

A bilirubin concentration measurement system according to the present invention includes: a sensor device attachable to a subject; and a terminal device capable of wirelessly communicating with the sensor device. The sensor device includes: a light emitting element that emits blue light; a light emitting element that emits green light; a light detection element that detects reflected light that is the blue light having been incident on skin of the subject and been reflected, and detects reflected light that is the green light having been incident on the skin of the subject and been reflected; and a communication unit that wirelessly transmits information about intensities of the reflected light detected by the light detection element. The terminal device includes: a communication unit that receives the information about the intensities of the reflected light transmitted from the sensor device; and a computing unit that calculates a bilirubin concentration using the information about the intensities of the reflected light.

BIOLOGICAL DETECTION DEVICE AND METHOD FOR TOILET WATER SOLUTION

A biological detection device for toilet water solution includes a mounting portion, a box portion, an adjustable support portion and a detection portion. The box portion is connected to the mounting portion. The adjustable support portion can be adjusted for its movement in both horizontal and vertical directions and is connected to the mounting portion. The detection portion is connected and linked to the adjustable support portion and includes a light emitting source and an optical sensor. The biological detection device for toilet water solution is a home healthcare device capable of automatically detecting whether there is blood in excreta without adding any chemical reagent or collecting any excreta specimen. 1. A biological detection device for toilet water solution , provided for a biological detection , comprising:a mounting portion, for mounting the biological detection device onto a toilet;a box portion, including an operation control unit, and coupled to the mounting portion;an adjustable support portion, coupled to the mounting portion; anda detection portion, placed into toilet water containing an excreta, and comprising a light emitting source, and the detection portion being coupled and linked to the adjustable support portion, and the light emitting source being electrically coupled to the operation control unit;wherein, the operation control unit controls a light emitted from the light emitting source and passing through the toilet water containing the excreta to enter into an optical sensor, and after the optical sensor receives the penetrating light, a sensing signal being transmitted to the operation control unit, and the operation control unit determining whether or not there is a biological detection signal provided for outputting a detection result.2. The biological detection device for toilet water solution as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the box portion further comprises an input unit and a display unit electrically coupled to the operation ...

Endpoint Detection of Deposition Cleaning in a Pumping Line and a Processing Chamber

A method is provided for cleaning of a processing system comprising a wafer processing chamber and a pumping line in fluid connection with the wafer processing chamber. The method includes initiating cleaning of the wafer processing chamber by activating a chamber cleaning source and initiating cleaning of at least a portion of the pumping line by activating a foreline cleaning source coupled to the pumping line. The method also includes monitoring, at a downstream endpoint detector coupled to the pumping line, a level of a signature substance. The method further includes determining, by the downstream endpoint detector, at least one of a first endpoint of the cleaning of the wafer processing chamber or a second endpoint of the cleaning of the pumping line based on the monitoring. 1. A method for cleaning of a processing system comprising a wafer processing chamber and a pumping line in fluid connection with the wafer processing chamber and located downstream from the wafer processing chamber , the method comprising:initiating cleaning of the wafer processing chamber by activating a chamber cleaning source;initiating cleaning of at least a portion of the pumping line by activating a foreline cleaning source coupled to the pumping line, the foreline cleaning source located downstream from the wafer processing chamber, wherein at least a portion of a duration of the cleaning of the pumping line overlaps in time with at least a portion of a duration of the cleaning of the wafer processing chamber;monitoring, at a downstream endpoint detector coupled to the pumping line, a level of a signature substance, wherein a location of the downstream endpoint detector is downstream from both the wafer processing chamber and the foreline cleaning source; anddetermining at least one of a first endpoint of the cleaning of the wafer processing chamber or a second endpoint of the cleaning of the pumping line based on the monitoring by the downstream endpoint detector.2. The method of ...

Mercury Monitor

An exemplary embodiment provides an analytical system for measurement of mercury concentration that can be used to monitor mercury concentration in industrial and sewage water and combustion gases. 1. Apparatus comprising:an analytical cell configured for use in conjunction with an atomic absorption spectrometer usable to determine a mercury concentration in a sample material, a body, wherein the body generally bounds an interior area, is elongated along a longitudinal direction and includes a first end and a second end opposed of the first end,', 'a first window adjacent the first end and a second window adjacent the second end, wherein the first and second windows are generally transparent to resonant radiation of mercury, wherein one of the first and second windows is configured to be optically connected with an atomic absorption spectrometer,', 'a gas sample inlet port on the body and longitudinally intermediate of the first and second windows, wherein the gas sample inlet port is configured to deliver into the interior area heated sample material vapor,', 'a pair of gas outlet ports each of which gas outlet ports is configured to enable gas to leave the interior area,', 'wherein a first gas outlet port is positioned longitudinally intermediate of the gas inlet port and the first window, and a second gas outlet port is positioned longitudinally intermediate of the gas inlet port and the second window,', 'a pair of clean gas inlet flow ports, wherein each gas inlet flow port is configured to deliver into the interior area, sample material-free gas,', 'wherein a first clean gas inlet port is positioned to deliver sample material-free gas longitudinally intermediate of the first window and the first gas outlet port, and a second clean gas inlet port is positioned to deliver sample material-free gas longitudinally intermediate of the second gas outlet port and the second window,', 'wherein in operation of the analytical cell, the sample material-free gas flow ...

AUTOMATED ON-LINE ACTIVE CLAY ANALYZER IN MINERAL SLURRIES

An automated active clay analyzer apparatus for analyzing active clays in a mineral slurry in a vessel or passing through a conduit, comprising a controller operable to manage the operations associated with the apparatus; an automatic sampler coupled to the vessel or conduit and operable to extract a sample of a determined volume of the slurry from the vessel or conduit, the automatic sampler being under control of the controller; at least one fluid delivery device under control of the controller and operable to deliver a known volume of water and a known volume of cationic dye into the sample; a mixing chamber that receives the sample; an agitator operable to agitate the sample, the water and the cationic dye in the mixing chamber to produce a diluted sample mixture; an automatic filter operable to filter the diluted sample mixture to produce a filtrate; and a spectrophotometer having an optical flow cell that receives the filtrate from the automatic filter and is operable to measure a spectra absorbance of the filtrate in the optical flow cell using at least one wavelength to obtain spectra absorbance data of the filtrate that may be used to control the processing of the mineral slurry or other aspects of a mineral processing operation related to the mineral slurry in near real time. 1. An automated active clay analyzer apparatus for analyzing active clays in a mineral slurry in a vessel or passing through a conduit , the apparatus comprising:controller operable to manage the operations associated with the apparatus;an automatic sampler coupled to the vessel or conduit and operable to extract a sample of a determined volume of the slurry from the vessel or conduit, the automatic sampler being under control of the controller;at least one fluid delivery device under control of the controller and operable to deliver a known volume of water and a known volume of cationic dye into the sample;a mixing chamber that receives the sample;an agitator operable to agitate the ...

Twin-focus photothermal correlation spectroscopy method and device for the characterization of dynamical processes in liquids and biomaterials with the help of absorbing markers

The invention relates to a method and a device for twin-focus photothermal correlation spectroscopy for the characterization of dynamical processes in liquids and biomaterials with the help of absorbing markers. Thereby non-fluorescent absorbing nano objects are heated by an intensity-modulated heating laser which leads to a refractive index gradient lens around the object. This refractive index gradient is detected by a detection laser with a focal volume that, depending on the position of the heated object relative to the focal plane of the detection beam, splits into two-sub-volumes forming a twin-focus comprising two sharply separated parts of a focal volume showing no spatial overlap.

TWIN-SPOT LIGHT ABSORBING PARTICULATE MONITORING INSTRUMENT

An apparatus comprising one or more pairs of analyzers measures light absorbing particulates, including black, brown, and ultraviolet light absorbing organic aerosols, suspended in gaseous samples, such as air. One analyzer receives an ambient gas sample, while the other analyzer is coupled to a dilution inlet that mixes ambient gas with a proportion of clean gas, whereby the two received samples have different particulate concentrations. Filters with identical filter areas accumulate particulates as the respective samples flow through with equal flow rate and velocity. An optical source and detector for each filter measures a changing property (e.g. attenuation at one or more wavelengths) as particulates accumulate. A computer uses the differential particulate accumulation from the ambient and diluted samples to compensate for filter loading effects upon the measurement to provide an accurate indication of particulate concentration in the ambient sample. 1. An apparatus to measure constituents of interest in two or more gas samples , comprising:two or more analyzers receiving different samples, each analyzer including a filter to accumulate constituents of interest in a received sample and an optical source and detector to measure a property of accumulated constituents of interest on the filter; anda computer to accept the measurements from each analyzer's detector and to provide an indication of the constituents of interest in each sample,wherein the samples have different compositions or concentrations of the constituents of interest.2. The apparatus as in claim 1 , wherein one or more pairs of the analyzers receive the respective different samples with the same flow rate and upon respective filters of equal area claim 1 , such that a flow velocity through filters is equal in each pair of analyzers.3. The apparatus as in claim 1 , wherein in each of one or more pairs of the analyzers claim 1 , one analyzer is coupled to receive an undiluted gas sample and the ...

Blood coagulation analyzer and blood coagulation analyzing method

A blood coagulation analyzer and analyzing method perform following: (a) preparing a measurement specimen by dispensing a blood specimen and a reagent into a reaction container; (b) emitting light of a plurality of wavelengths to the measurement specimen in the reaction container, the wavelengths comprising a first wavelength for use in a measurement by a blood coagulation time method, and at least one of a second wavelength for use in a measurement by a synthetic substrate method and a third wavelength for use in a measurement by an immunoturbidimetric method; (c) detecting light of a plurality of wavelengths corresponding to the light emitted in (b), from the measurement specimen, by a light receiving element, and acquiring data corresponding to each wavelength; and (d) conducting an analysis based on the data corresponding to one of the wavelengths among the acquired data, and acquiring a result of the analysis.

MULTIPOINT DETECTION FIBER SENSOR AND INSERTION APPARATUS INCLUDING MULTIPOINT DETECTION FIBER SENSOR

A multipoint detection fiber sensor including a plurality of sensing parts at a plurality of positions is provided. The sensing parts are able to detect curve amounts respectively. The multipoint detection fiber sensor includes a plurality of optical fibers arranged in an overall effective detection area that is an extent in which the multipoint detection fiber sensor detects curve amounts. Each of the optical fibers includes the plurality of sensing parts. The multipoint detection fiber sensor also includes a light source which supplies light to the optical fibers and a light receiver which receives light emitted through the optical fibers to which light is supplied. Furthermore, an insertion apparatus into which the multipoint detection fiber sensor is incorporated is provided. 1. A multipoint detection fiber sensor including a plurality of sensing parts at a plurality of positions , the sensing parts being able to detect curve amounts respectively , the multipoint detection fiber sensor comprising:a plurality of optical fibers arranged in an overall effective detection area that is an extent in which the multipoint detection fiber sensor detects curve amounts, each of the optical fibers including a plurality of sensing parts;a light source which supplies light to the optical fibers; anda light receiver which receives light emitted through the optical fibers to which light is supplied.2. The multipoint detection fiber sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the overall effective detection area is formed by arraying individual effective detection areas in a longitudinal direction of the optical fiber claim 1 , each individual effective detection area being an extent in which each of the sensing parts detects a curve amount in the longitudinal direction.3. The multipoint detection fiber sensor according to claim 2 , wherein:each of the optical fibers has a distal end and a proximal end;each of the optical fibers includes a return reflector at the distal end;the light ...

STATE DETERMINING METHOD, STATE IMPARTING SYSTEM, AND STATE DETERMINING PROGRAM

A state determination method is provided that is capable of determining at least one of the state of degradation of oil in a machine and the state of breakage of the machine with higher accuracy than conventional methods. A state determination method for determining the state of degradation of lubricating oil in a speed reducer and the state of breakage of the speed reducer is characterized by: transmitting white light emitted by a white LED through the lubricating oil, causing an RGB sensor to detect the color of the light transmitted through the lubricating oil by the white LED, and calculating the brightness of the color detected by the RGB sensor (S); calculating a color component maximum difference that is the difference between a maximum value and a minimum value among the R value, G value, and B value of the color detected by the RGB sensor (S); and determining the states on the basis of the brightness calculated in S and the color component maximum difference calculated in S (S, S). 1. A method for detecting a light that has passed through a fluid by an optical sensor , the method comprising:causing a fluid to enter into a gap of a gap-forming member, the gap located on an optical path from a light-emitting element to a light-receiving element;causing a light emitted by the light-emitting element to pass through the fluid;causing the light-receiving element to detect a color of the light that has passed through the fluid;calculating brightness of the detected color of the light;calculating a color component calculation value that is a value calculated based on a maximum value and a minimum value among an R value, a G value, and a B value of the detected color of the light; anddetermining a state of the fluid based on the calculated brightness and the calculated color component calculation value.2. The method according to claim 1 , whereindetermining a state of the fluid based on the calculated brightness and the calculated color component calculation value ...

TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION OF GAS SENSORS

A target gas sensor employing a radiation source () and a radiation sensor () including a reference radiation detector (), a target radiation detector (), a temperature sensor (), a temperature controller () and a target gas detection processor (). In operation, radiation source () controls a propagation of radiation (RAD) through a gas mixture (GM) contained by an airway () to radiation sensor (). Reference radiation detector () generates a reference detection signal (RD) indicative of a detected magnitude of a reference wavelength (λ) of the radiation, and target radiation detector () generates a target detection signal (TD) indicative of a detected magnitude of a target wavelength (λ) of the radiation. Temperature sensor () senses a temperature of radiation detectors () whereby temperature controller () regulates a heating of the radiation detectors () relative to a regulated detector temperature (T). Target gas detection processor () measures the target gas concentration within the sample of the gas mixture (GM) as a function of an absorbing spectral response ratio (SRR) and a temperature compensation (TPC). 1. A target gas sensor for measuring a target concentration within a sample of a gas mixture contained by an airway , the target gas sensor comprising:a radiation source and a radiation sensor operable in optical communication with the airway to propagate radiation (RAD) from the radiation source through the gas mixture (GM) contained by the airway to the radiation sensor; and [{'sub': 'REF', 'a reference radiation detector operable to generate a reference detection signal (RD) indicative of a magnitude of a detection signal of the reference radiation detector at a reference wavelength (λ) of the radiation (RAD),'}, {'sub': 'TG', 'a target radiation detector operable to generate a target detection signal (TD) indicative of a magnitude of a detection signal of the target radiation detector at a target wavelength (λ) of the radiation (RAD),'}, 'a temperature ...

Laser Spectrometer and Method for Measuring Concentration of a Gas Component in a Measurement Gas

A laser spectrometer and method for measuring gas component concentration in a measurement gas, wherein light intensity from a wavelength-tunable laser diode is detected after irradiation of the measurement gas and a reference gas, and the concentration of the gas component is determined based on reduction of the light intensity by the absorption of light at the position of a selected absorption line of the gas component, and the position of the absorption line of the gas component is referenced based on a selected absorption line of the reference gas, and wherein there is a mixed operation consisting of actual measurements of fast concentration changes of the gas component to be measured and a short reference/standardization phase for wavelength referencing, line locking and standardization, where the duration of the actual measurement is measured such that measuring conditions remain constant and do not deviate from those during the reference/standardization phase. 15-. (canceled)6. A method for measuring a concentration of a gas component in a measurement gas , by detecting an intensity of light of a wavelength-tunable laser diode after shining through the measurement gas and a reference gas , and by determining the concentration of the gas component aided by a reduction in the intensity of the light due to absorption of the light at a position of a selected absorption line of the gas component , the position of the absorption line of the gas component being referenced with aided by a selected absorption line of the reference gas , the method comprising:driving the laser diode periodically with at least one of (i) a first increasing current signal and (ii) a first decreasing current signal to sample the absorption line of the gas component wavelength-dependently in a sampling range which reside outside the absorption line of the reference gas and which is restricted to an immediate vicinity of the absorption line of the gas component;driving the laser diode ...

METHOD AND A SYSTEM FOR DETECTING ROAD ICE BY SPECTRAL IMAGING

A method for detecting an ice on a road surface includes: providing a spectral imaging camera; recording a first reflectance (R1) of the surface at 0.545 to 0.565 μm using the spectral imaging camera; recording a second reflectance (R2) of the surface at 0.620 to 0.670 μm using the spectral imaging camera; recording a third reflectance (R3) of the surface at 0.841 to 0.876 μm using the spectral imaging camera; calculating an ice index based on the first reflectance, the second reflectance, and the third reflectance; providing a thermometer; recording a surface temperature of the surface using the thermometer; and detecting a presence of the ice on the surface based on the ice index and the surface temperature. A system for detecting an ice on a surface is also disclosed. 1. A method for detecting an ice on a surface comprising:providing a spectral imaging camera;recording a first reflectance (R1) of the surface at a green band using the spectral imaging camera;recording a second reflectance (R2) of the surface at a red band using the spectral imaging camera;recording a third reflectance (R3) of the surface at a near infrared band using the spectral imaging camera;calculating an Ice Index based on the first reflectance, the second reflectance, and the third reflectance;providing a thermometer;recording a temperature of the surface using the thermometer; anddetecting a presence of the ice on the surface based on the Ice Index and the temperature of the surface.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the green band has a band width of 0.545 to 0.565 μm.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the red band has a band width of 0.620 to 0.670 μm.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the near infrared band has a band width of 0.841 to 0.876 μm.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surface is a road surface.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the Ice Index is an ENDVI Ice Index claim 1 , and the ENDVI Ice Index is calculated by following Equation (1):{'br': None, 'i': R', 'R', 'R', 'R, ' ...

HYDROPONIC COMPOSITIONS AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF

In one aspect, hydroponic compositions are described herein comprising an aqueous medium in contact with a plant, the aqueous medium comprising a functional additive for imparting desired architecture and/or properties to the plant structure. In some embodiments, the functional additive comprises one or more of nanoparticles, spectral additives, and pH indicators. 1. A hydroponic composition comprising:an aqueous medium including one or more spectral additives; anda plant in contact with the aqueous medium, wherein the one or more spectral additives are incorporated into a structure of the plant altering spectral properties of the plant.2. The hydroponic composition of claim 1 , wherein the spectral additives are luminescent species having absorption spectra non-overlapping with chlorophylls a and b.3. The hydroponic composition of claim 2 , wherein the luminescent species have emission spectra overlapping with the absorption spectra of chlorophylls a and b.4. The hydroponic composition of claim 3 , wherein the luminescent species downconvert UV radiation claim 3 , near-UV radiation claim 3 , or visible radiation for absorption by chlorophylls a and b.5. The hydroponic composition of claim 3 , wherein the luminescent species upconvert infrared radiation for absorption by chlorophylls a and b.6. The hydroponic composition of claim 3 , wherein the luminescent species absorb radiation in the 500-600 nm range.7. The hydroponic composition of claim 1 , wherein the spectral additives have absorption profiles substantially overlapping with that of chlorophylls a and b.8. The hydroponic composition of claim 1 , wherein the spectral additives reflect light in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum.9. The hydroponic composition of claim 1 , wherein the spectral additives comprise nanoparticles claim 1 , laser dyes claim 1 , anti-Stokes materials claim 1 , anti-counterfeiting dye or a mixture thereof.10. The hydroponic composition of claim 1 , wherein the spectral ...

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR IMAGING A SPECIMEN CONTAINER AND/OR SPECIMEN USING MULTIPLE EXPOSURES

A method of imaging a specimen container and/or specimen. The method includes providing a specimen container containing a specimen at an imaging location, providing one or more cameras configured to capture images at the imaging location, providing one or more light sources adjacent to the imaging location, illuminating the imaging location with the one or more light sources, and capturing multiple images including: specimen images of the image location at multiple different exposures, with the specimen container and specimen being present at the image location. Quality check modules and specimen testing apparatus including a quality check module are described herein, as are other aspects. 1. A method of imaging a specimen container and/or specimen , comprising:providing a specimen container containing a specimen at an imaging location;providing one or more cameras configured to capture images at the imaging location;providing one or more light sources adjacent to the imaging location;Illuminating the imaging location with the one or more light sources; and 'specimen images of the image location at multiple different exposures, with the specimen container and specimen being present at the image location.', 'capturing multiple images including2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the specimen images are taken while being sequentially illuminated by multiple different spectra.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the capturing multiple images includes capturing multiple spectral reference images of the image location without the specimen container and specimen being present thereat.4. The method of comprising selecting optimally-exposed pixels from the multiple spectral reference images at multiple different exposures and normalizing to a selected optimal exposure time.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the capturing multiple images includes capturing multiple dark reference images of the image location without the specimen container and specimen being present thereat claim ...

Water content of a part of plant evaluation method and water content of a part of plant evaluation apparatus

A water content evaluation apparatus which evaluates water content of a part of a plant is provided. A water content at each of irradiation positions of the part of the plant is calculated based on a first reflection light of a laser reference beam, having a first wavelength that is not absorbed by water, that is reflected at all the irradiation positions of the plant and a second reflection light of a laser measuring beam, having a second wavelength that is absorbed by water, that is reflected at all the irradiation positions of the plant. Irradiation positions of the plant in which the water content is equal to or larger than at least one predetermined threshold level are displayed, in at least one corresponding predetermined color.

Method for measuring a mudflat elevation by remotely sensed water content

The present disclosure discloses a method for measuring a mudflat elevation based on remotely sensed water content, comprising steps of: measuring a spectral value of a soil surface in a mudflat area using a full-band spectrometer, analyzing a relationship between the spectral value and a soil water content of the mudflat area; building a remotely sensed water content retrieval model using a statistical correlation method; selecting a water sensitive waveband in the remote sensing data, and retrieving the soil water content of the mudflat area; analyzing a relationship between the soil water content and the mudflat likewise using the statistical correlation method; building a relational model between the mudflat water content and an elevation, and applying the model to a satellite image to obtain the mudflat elevation.

APPARATUS AND SYSTEM FOR MEASURING VOLUME OF BLOOD LOSS

A system for measuring the blood loss comprises a measuring device that determines a hemoglobin concentration of fluid within a container utilizing a light source and a light detector. The container receives blood and other fluids from a patient during a medical procedure. Light from the light source is passed through the blood and other fluids in the container and is detected by the light detector. Based upon a magnitude of light detected, a hemoglobin concentration of the fluid in the container can be determined. A volume-measuring device determines the volume of blood and fluid in the container. Knowing the hemoglobin concentration and volume of fluid in the container, the volume of patient blood loss in the container can be determined. The blood loss measuring device in combination with infusion systems maintains a real-blood volume status so that proper infusion of blood, crystalloid and/or colloid solutions occurs. 1. A blood loss measurement device for determining an amount of blood within a fluid sample from a patient , comprising:a container having a vertical axis, the container configured for receiving fluid containing blood from a patient during a surgical procedure;at least one light source in an operative position within the container configured to generate light at a plurality of wavelengths within the container;at least one light detector to detect at least a first portion of light from the at least one light source at the first wavelength from the plurality of wavelengths and at least a second portion at a second wavelength from the plurality of wavelengths that is different than the first wavelength, the at least one light detector producing a first signal indicative of a first absorbance of light of the fluid sample and a second signal indicative of a second absorbance of light of the fluid sample; a first optical fiber having a first end coupled to the light source and a second end opposite the first end held in the container proximate a bottom of ...