СПОСОБ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ПЕРЕЗАРЯЖАЕМЫХ ЛИТИЙ-ПОЛИМЕРНЫХ БАТАРЕЙ И БАТАРЕЯ, ИЗГОТОВЛЕННАЯ ЭТИМ СПОСОБОМ

Изобретение относится к перезаряжаемой литий-полимерной батарее. Согласно изобретению батарея имеет следующую структуру: коллекторную пленку, активное вещество катода, содержащее в качестве активного компонента интеркалированный переходный металлоксид, проводящую добавку и полимер, набухший с образованием геля в электролитическом растворе соли; полимерный гелеобразный электролит, содержащий полимер, набухший с образованием геля в электролитическом растворе соли; активное вещество анода, содержащее в качестве активного компонента интеркалированный материал и полимер, набухший с образованием геля в электролитическом растворе соли; и коллекторную пленку. Техническим результатом изобретения является снижение затрат на изготовление. 2 н. и 8 з.п. ф-лы, 2 ил.

СУПЕРКОНДЕНСАТОР С НЕОРГАНИЧЕСКИМ КОМПОЗИЦИОННЫМ ТВЕРДЫМ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТОМ (ВАРИАНТЫ)

Заявленное изобретение относится к области электротехники, а именно к устройству накопления энергии в виде суперконденсатора с неорганическим композиционным твердым электролитом. Заявленный суперконденсатор выполнен из композита, содержащего наноразмерный оксид LiMnМеO, где Me=Ni, Mn, а также композиционного твердого электролита и электропроводящей сажи, в случае симметричного выполнения суперконденсатора. В случае ассиметричного выполнения суперконденсатора, отрицательный электрод выполнен из наноразмерного оксида марганца МnОи отделен твердым электролитом на основе перхлората лития 0.4LiСlО- 0.6AlOСуперконденсатор также содержиттокоподвод, выполненный из двух пластин металлического никеля, закрепленных на внешних сторонах электродов. Повышение удельной электрической емкости суперконденсатора, до 25 Ф/г, в широком диапазоне температур Т=25-250°С, является техническим результатом изобретения. 2 н.п. ф-лы, 1 ил.

Конгруэнтно плавящийся фтор-проводящий твердый электролит MRFс флюоритовой структурой для высокотемпературных термодинамических исследований

Изобретение относится к области фтор-проводящих твердых электролитов (ФТЭЛ). Предложены фтор-проводящие твердые электролиты MRVс флюоритовой структурой в монокристаллической форме для высокотемпературных термодинамических исследований химических веществ, содержащие фториды щелочноземельного (М) и редкоземельного (R) металлов. Подбирают состав, обеспечивающий их конгруэнтность. Для этого их составы выбирают соответствующими максимумам на кривых плавления флюоритовых фаз на фазовых диаграммах систем MF- RFи содержат: дифторид CaFс добавками трифторидов RF(R=Sm, Gd, Tb, Ho, Er, Y) при соотношении CaF89-96 мол. % и KF 4-11 мол. %; дифторид SrFс добавками трифторидов RY(R=La, Се, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Y) при соотношении SrF69-90 мол. % и RF10-31 мол. %, а также дифторид BaFс добавками трифторидов RF(R=La, Се, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb) при соотношении BaF69-96 мол. % и RF4-31 мол. %, что обеспечивает получение величин фтор-ионной проводимости σ, превышающих 1×10Омсмпри температурах 450-1570°С ...

ТВЕРДЫЙ ФТОРПРОВОДЯЩИЙ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТ

Использование: в твердофазных литиевых химических источниках тока. Сущность изобретения: твердый фторпроводящий электролит содержит, мол.%: LiF 50 - 85, LaF3 10 - 30, SrF2 5 - 20. 1 табл.

КОМПОЗИЦИОННАЯ СМЕСЬ ДЛЯ ПРИГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ПЛЕНОЧНОГО ТВЕРДОГО ПОЛИМЕРНОГО ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТА

Использование: производство химических источников тока, электрохимических датчиков и преобразователей энергии и информации. Сущность изобретения: композиционная смесь для приготовления пленочного твердого электролита содержит (мас.%): ацетат целлюлозы в качестве полимера - 9,80 - 9,90, ионопроводящую органическую соль замещенного тиапирилия - 0,34 - 1,34 и ацетон в качестве органического растворителя. Предлагаемая композиционная смесь позволяет получить пленочный полимерный электролит с повышенной проводимостью. 4 табл.

КОМПОЗИЦИОННАЯ СМЕСЬ ДЛЯ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТА ЛИТИЕВОГО ИСТОЧНИКА ТОКА

Изобретение относится к области электротехники и может быть использовано в качестве пленочного электролита в литиевых источниках тока многоразового действия с пленочным катодом и LiAl пленочным анодом. Согласно изобретению в композиционной смеси, содержащей полимерную основу ВАЦ, ионогенную добавку и ацетон, в качестве ионогенной добавки использована соль LiI при следующем содержании компонентов, мас.%: вторичный ацетат целлюлозы (ВАЦ) 5,24-9,79, ацетон 47,62-89,1, ионогенная добавка, соль Lil 1,11-47,14. Техническим результатом является повышение электропроводности, упрощение технологии получения твердого электролита. 2 табл.

КАТОДНЫЙ МАТЕРИАЛ ДЛЯ ЛИТИЕВОГО ИСТОЧНИКА ТОКА

Изобретение относится к области электротехники и может быть использовано в качестве катодного материала в пленочных литиевых источниках тока многоразового действия с пленочным электролитом на основе ионогенной соли. Уменьшение толщины катодного материалы при использовании его в виде тонких экологически чистых пленок в миниатюрных источниках тока с твердым электролитом является техническим результатом изобретения. Предложенный катодный материал содержит слоистое соединение графита с оксидом хрома (VI) - (C8CrO3), электропроводную добавку и полимерное связующее, при этом в качестве электропроводной добавки используется графит, а в качестве полимерного связующего вторичный ацетат целлюлозы (ВАЦ) при следующем содержании компонентов, мас.%: слоистое соединение графита с оксидом хрома (VI) - C8CrO3 - 5,0-70,0, графит - 2,0-63,0, вторичный ацетат целлюлозы (ВАЦ) - 9,0-90,0. Получены гибкие сверхтонкие пленочные электроды (0,2-1 см), электропроводность которых изменяется в интервале (2-20)·10- ...

ГЕЛЬПОЛИМЕРНЫЙ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТ ДЛЯ ЛИТИЕВЫХ ИСТОЧНИКОВТОКА

Изобретение относится к электротехнической промышленности и может быть использовано при производстве литиевых первичных и вторичных источников тока. Техническим результатом изобретения является повышение удельной электрической проводимости гельполимерного электролита, обеспечение его электрохимической стабильности и химической инертности. Согласно изобретению гельполимерный электролит содержит полимерную матрицу, органический растворитель и неорганическую ионогенную соль лития. В качестве полимерной матрицы используют полисульфон средней молекулярной массы (0,2-1,0)•105, а в качестве органического растворителя - смесь пропиленкарбоната с тетрагидрофураном, взятых в соотношении (об.%) 1:1-1:4, при следующем массовом соотношении компонентов, мас.ч: полисульфон 100, неорганическая ионогенная соль лития 5-27, органический растворитель 80-140. 1 табл.

6-ВОЛЬТОВЫЙ ЛИТИЙ-ФТОРИДНЫЙ ХИМИЧЕСКИЙ ИСТОЧНИК ТОКА

Использование: производство твердотельных 6 В литий-фторидных источников тока (ХИТ). Сущность изобретения: литий-фторидный ХИТ содержит анод на основе лития или литийсодержащего сплава, твердый электролит и катод на основе фторсодержащих соединений с энергией связи фтора не более 0,05 эВ. В качестве таких соединений могут использоваться фториды ксенона, криптона, серебра и кобальта. 2 з.п. ф-лы.

СПОСОБ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ВТОРИЧНОГО ТВЕРДОТЕЛЬНОГО ИСТОЧНИКА ТОКА

... 1. Способ изготовления вторичного твердотельного источника тока путем нанесения на одну стороны твердого электролита анодного, на другую - катодного материалов с последующим обжигом и термоэлектрическим воздействием при пропускании электрического тока с поляризацией на электродах ниже напряжения разложения электролита, отличающийся тем, что анод и катод выполняют из материалов, соответствующих по составу анодному и катодному материалу полностью разряженного источника тока, а термоэлектрическое воздействие проводят переменным электрическим током. 2. Способ изготовления вторичного твердотельного источника тока по п.1, отличающийся тем, что термоэлектрическое воздействие проводят переменным током различной полярности. 3. Способ изготовления вторичного твердотельного источника тока по п.2, отличающийся тем, что термоэлектрическое воздействие проводят переменным током синусоидальной формы. 4. Способ изготовления вторичного твердотельного источника тока по п.3, отличающийся тем, что термоэлектрическое ...

БАТАРЕЯ

... 1. Аккумуляторная батарея, содержащая положительную электродную подложку (1), которая является способной активизировать или ионизировать воду в электролите и которая является электрическим проводником с низким потенциалом; отрицательную электродную подложку (2), которая является электрическим проводником с высоким потенциалом; пленку (3), которая является пористой и расположена между положительной электродной подложкой (1) и отрицательной электродной подложкой (2) для того, чтобы удалить на минимальное расстояние положительную электродную подложку (1) от отрицательной электродной подложки (2); изоляционную оболочку (4), которая заключает в себя положительную электродную подложку (1) и отрицательную электродную подложку (2) и имеет, по меньшей мере, один впуск (4а) для воды для добавления электролита в пленку (3) и удерживает в тесном контакте друг с другом положительную электродную подложку (1) и отрицательную электродную подложку (2); при этом ионы, генерированные ионизированной водой, ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ТВЕРДОЭЛЕКТРОЛИТНОЙ ИОНСЕЛЕКТИВНОЙ МЕМБРАНЫ НА ИОНЫ ДВУХВАЛЕНТНОГО ЖЕЛЕЗА

Способ получения твердоэлектролитной ионселективной мембраны на ионы двухвалентного железа, включающий обработку таблетки натриевого бета-глинозема в расплаве хлористого железа при повышенной температуре, отличающийся тем, что, с целью исключения долевой проводимости по ионам натрия и повышения производимости по ионам железа, после выдержки таблетки бета-глинозема в расплаве хлорида железа торцовые поверхности таблетки обрабатывают водной суспензией закиси железа, затем подвергают таблетку термообработке в атмосфере аргона при 1400-1450°C в течение 5-10 мин, после чего осуществляют закалку и вторично термообрабатывают ее при 580-620°C в течение 1,5-2 ч в атмосфере, создаваемой смесью аргона, железа и закиси железа.

ФТОР-ПРОВОДЯЩИЙ ТВЕРДЫЙ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТ RMFС ТИСОНИТОВОЙ СТРУКТУРОЙ И СПОСОБ ЕГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ

Изобретение относится к фтор-проводящему твердому электролиту RMFс тисонитовой структурой, содержащему фториды редкоземельного и щелочно-земельного металлов. Электролит характеризуется тем, что он имеет монокристаллическую форму и содержит трифторид RF(R=La, Се, Pr, Nd) и дифторид MF(М=Са, Sr, Ва), которые взяты при следующем соотношении: RF95-97 мол. % и MF3-5 мол. %, что обеспечивает достижение величины фтор-ионной проводимости до σ~5×10Омсмпри 20°С. Также изобретение относится к способу получения электролита. Предлагаемый электролит не обладает пористостью, не имеет сниженной проводимости, присущей мелкокристаллическим порошкам, и имеет оптимизированный состав. 2 н.п. ф-лы, 6 пр., 1 ил.

ИСТОЧНИК ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЕРГИИ НА ОСНОВЕ ТВЕРДОФАЗНОГО РАСТВОРЕНИЯ МЕДИ (ИЛИ ДРУГОГО ПЕРЕХОДНОГО МЕТАЛЛА) В НАНОСТРУКТУРИРОВАННОМ ГРАФИТЕ

Источник электроэнергии, включающий анод, выполненный из меди (или другого переходного металла), с различной формой и размерами, и катод, выполненный из наноструктурированного графитового покрытия на аноде, отличающийся тем, что процесс токообразования в нем основан на твердофазном растворении меди (или других переходных металлов) в наноструктурированном графите.

Медно-графитовый источник постоянного тока

... 1. Медно-графитовый источник постоянного тока, содержащий катод и анод и диапазоном генерируемой мощности от 0,1 Вт до 200 мВт, отличающийся тем, что катод выполнен из меди марки 99,99 в виде пластины или стержня, имеющих в поперечном сечении любую геометрическую форму, соотношение высоты и ширины которых не должно превышать 1:10, а анод выполнен в виде графитовой оболочки, равной или меньшей по длине катоду, одинаковой толщины по всему периметру катода, причем анод - графитовая оболочка выполнен таким образом, что плоскости гексагональных частиц графита, составляющих анод - графитовую оболочку, ориентированы строго перпендикулярно относительно поверхности катода - медного сердечника с обязательной ковалентной связью как между частицами графита, так и между частицами графита и кристаллической структурой меди и диффузией углерода графитовой оболочки в поверхностные слои меди катода - медного сердечника. 2. Устройство по п.1, отличающееся тем, что высоту графитовой оболочки - анода рассчитывают ...

ЖИДКАЯ ПОЛИМЕРИЗАЦИОННОСПОСОБНАЯ КОМПОЗИЦИЯ ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ТВЕРДЫХ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТОВ И СПОСОБ ЕЕ ОТВЕРЖДЕНИЯ

... 1. Жидкая полимеризационноспособная композиция для получения твердых электролитов, включающая реакционноспособное соединение и неводный раствор литиевой соли, отличающаяся тем, что она содержит 1,0-1,5 М неводный раствор литиевой соли, в качестве реакционноспособного соединения содержит олигоуретанметакрилат и дополнительно содержит монометакрилат полипропиленгликоля, при этом суммарное количество олигоуретанматакрилата и монометакрилата полипропиленгликоля в неводном растворе литиевой соли составляет 12-17 мас.%, а их массовое соотношение равно 1:1-1,1. 2. Композиция по п.1, отличающаяся тем, что она содержит 1,0-1,5 М раствор перхлората лития в γ -бутиролактоне. 3. Композиция по п.1, отличающаяся тем, что она содержит 1,0-1,5 М раствор шестифтористого фосфида лития в смеси этилен- и диметилкарбонатов. 4. Композиция по любому из пп.1-3, отличающаяся тем, что она содержит олигоуретанметакрилат с молекулярной массой 1400-1600. 5. Способ отверждения композиции по любому из пп.1-4, включающий ...

ПОЛИМЕРНАЯ КОМПОЗИЦИЯ ДЛЯ ТВЕРДОГО ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТА

Изобретение относится к технической электрохимии, а точнее к созданию полимерных композиций, используемых в качестве твердых электролитов для химических источников тока. Изобретение наиболее эффективно может быть использовано в различных приборах и конструкциях, работающих в режиме автономного питания. Цель изобретения - создание полимерной композиции с повышенной электропроводностью, равной при комнатной температуре не менее 1 • 10-4 Ом/см. Это достигается тем, что предлагаемая композиция содержит полифениленоксид и перхлорат щелочного металла, взятые в массовом соотношении 1:0,5-1,2, и органический растворитель в количестве 0,5-1:1 по отношению к полимеру. Композиция готовится путем смешения 1-2 % раствора полифениленоксида в толуоле и 3-4% раствора перхлората металла в диметиловом или диэтиловом эфире диэтиленгликоля с последующим высушиванием на воздухе в течение 60-100 ч до образования твердой гелеобразной массы, нанесенной на подложку и являющейся твердым полиэлектролитом. Использование ...

Электродный материал для суперконденсаторов, используемых для систем автономного электроснабжения и портативного пуска автотранспортной техники

ЭЛЕКТРОХИМИЧЕСКОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО С ТВЕРДЫМ ЩЕЛОЧНЫМ ИОНОПРОВОДЯЩИМ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТОМ И ВОДНЫМ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТОМ

... 1. Керамическая мембрана, способная проводить щелочные катионы, по меньшей мере, часть поверхности которой покрыта слоем из органического катионо-проводящего полиэлектролита, причем указанный слой не растворим и химически устойчив в воде при основном рН.2. Керамическая мембрана по п.1, которая представляет собой керамическую мембрану со следующей формулой:Li(M,Ga,Al)(GeTi)(PO),где М представляет собой один или несколько металлов, выбранных из Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm или Yb, и где 0 Подробнее

ТВЕРДЫЙ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТ ДЛЯ ХИМИЧЕСКОГО ИСТОЧНИКА ТОКА

Твердый электролит для химического источника тока с литий-катионной проводимостью, содержащий ортосиликат лития и соль лития, отличающийся тем, что, с целью уменьшения удельного электросопротивления, в качестве соли лития взят ортофосфат лития при следующем соотношении компонентов, мол.%: Ортосиликат лития - 30 - 65 Ортофосфат лития - 35 - 70 ...

ТВЕРДЫЙ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТ ДЛЯ ХИМИЧЕСКОГО ИСТОЧНИКА ТОКА

Твердый электролит для химического источника тока с литий-катионной проводимостью на основе ортогерманата лития, отличающийся тем, что, с целью снижения удельного электросопротивления, электролит содержит ортофосфат лития при следующем соотношении компонентов, мол.%: Ортогерманат лития (Li4GeO4) - 65 - 80 Ортофосфат лития (Li3PO4) - 20 - 35 ...

Способ формирования электродов твердотельного химического источника тока системы свинец-фторид серебра

ИОНОПРОВОДЯЩИЙ ТЕРМООБРАТИМЫЙ ПОЛИМЕРНЫЙ МАТЕРИАЛ И ПОЛИМЕРИЗУЕМЫЙ СОСТАВ ДЛЯ ЕГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ

... 1. Полимеризуемый состав для получения ионопроводящих термообратимых полимерных материалов, содержащий в качестве мономера алкиловый и/или аллиловый и/или винилароматический эфир (мет)акриловой кислоты, имеющий в алкильном радикале 1-16 атомов углерода, и одну или несколько из солей s-, р-, d- и f- металла галогензамещенной низшей алифатической карбоновой кислоты, имеющих в алкильном радикале 1-4 атомов углерода, без или с добавкой низших карбоновых кислот, имеющих в алкильном радикале 1-6 атомов углерода, без или с добавкой комплексообразующих органических соединений, имеющих гетероатом азота, кислорода или серы, отличающийся тем, что он дополнительно содержит (а) соль s- и/или р-металла алкил- и/или алкенилакриловой кислоты и (б) органический компонент, состоящий из одного или нескольких из низкомолекулярных веществ, каждое из которых имеет в своем составе не менее двух функциональных групп из списка: OH, NHx, CS, SHx, COOH, CO и/или полярных растворителей, способных сольватировать упомянутые ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ПОЛИКРИСТАЛЛИЧЕСКОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ ИОННОГО ПРОВОДНИКА

Способ получения поликристаллической структуры ионного проводника на основе трифторида редкоземельного металла, заключающийся в прессовании исходного порошка с последующей обработкой полученной заготовки, отличающийся тем, что обработку полученной заготовки осуществляют ударной волной с амплитудой 5-60 ГПа.

ТВЕРДЫЙ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТ ДЛЯ ХИМИЧЕСКОГО ИСТОЧНИКА ТОКА

Твердый электролит для химического источника тока на основе ортогерманата лития, отличающийся тем, что, с целью снижения удельного электросопротивления, электролит содержит молибдат лития при следующем соотношении компонентов, мол.%: Li4GeO4 - 80 - 90 Li2MoO4 - 10 - 20 ...

Способ изготовления гальванических элементов

SOLID ELECTROLYTE

Твердый протонпроводящий электролит

Изобретение относится к электротехнике . Цель изобретения - расширение области применения. Предлагае- мьп1 твердый электролит получают смешением оксида иттрия и оксида кальция с последующим прессованием, обжигом сч спеканием. Предлагаемый протонпроЕоДящий электролит работает в восстановительной среде при высоких температурах (700-1000 С) и низкик парциальных давлениях водорода (.) ...

BATTERIEZELLENKONSTRUKTION

Vernetzbare copolymere erhältlich durch Polykondensation und Ionenleitenden Materialien solche copolymere enthaltend

Walzverfahren zur Herstellung dünner Lithiumfilme mit kontrollierter Abnahme

ALS ELEKTROLYTKOMPONENTEN ZU VERWENDENDE MOLEKULARKOMPLEXE

LITHIUM-CHLOR-ZELLE UND VERFAHREN ZU DEREN HERSTELLUNG

KATHODE FUER LITHIUMTROCKENBATTERIEN UND VERFAHREN ZU IHRER HERSTELLUNG

ORGANISCHE GRUPPEN ENTHALTENDE SILICADERIVATE, DEREN BEREITUNG UND ANWENDUNG ALS IONISCHE LEITER.

VON PERHALOGENIERTEN SULTONEN ABGELEITETEN MONOMERE,SOWIE AUS DIESEN MONOMEREN HERGESTELLTE POLYMERE

Novel mixed crystals, method of producing and using them

Mixed crystals of the general formula Na1+zM2.yYxZ3.xO12; z-x-4y = 0 in which M is one of the transition metals of group IV of the periodic system, Zr, Ti, Hf or mixtures thereof, y is one of the elements Si, Ge, Al, Z is one of the elements of group V of the periodic system, P, As, Sb, Bi, V, Nb, Ta or mixtures thereof and x is an integer from 0 to 2.99, y is an integer from 0.0025 to 1, z is an integer from 0.01 to 4 are novel and are suitable as ion-conducting electrolytes in electrochemical cells.

FESTSTOFFELEKTROLYT

FESTSTOFFELEKTROLYTBATTERIE.

Vernetzter fester Polymerelektrolyt.

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINER BATTERIE MIT NICHTWÄSSRIGEM GELELEKTROLYT

Ionenleitender Polymerelektrolyt.

Polymerelektrolyt Verbundmembran

FESTER POLYELEKTROLYT

Current take-off for lithium-ion battery manufacture

The current take-off manufacture uses an aluminium lattice which is dipped in acid for removal of an aluminium oxide layer from the surface of the lattice, before coating the latter with zinc. The lattice may be brought into contact with an aqueous zinc oxide solution after dipping in the acid and before coating with the zinc, e.g. a base solution with between 50 and 10 gram per litre of zinc oxide.

A SOLID STATE CELL

POLYACETYLENE CELL WITH CERAMIC SOLID ELECTROLYTE

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINER ZUSAMMENGESETZTEN STRUKTUR AUS VERBINDUNG/UNTERLAGE, INSBESONDERE FUER FESTKOERPERBATTERIEN

Polyimides containing functionalities, in particular thermally and/or chemically labile functionalities, bonded to the pyromellitic diimide unit in the 3- and/or 6-position

The invention relates to polyimides containing functionalities, in particular thermally and/or chemically labile functionalities, bonded to the pyromellitic diimide unit in the 3- and/or 6-position, to a process for their preparation, by means of a polymer-analogous reaction, and to their use.

FESTELEKTROLYT-VERBUNDMEMBRAN FÜR ELEKTROCHEMISCHE REAKTIONSVORRICHTUNG

GALVANISCHES FESTKOERPERELEKTROLYT- ELEMENT

Downhole power generation

Folded solid state battery.

A solid state battery of at least one electrochemical cell comprises a positive electrode (2), a negative electrode (4) and a solid electrolyte material (3) which are assembled as a laminate which is then folded back on itself, a layer of an electrically non-conducting foraminous material (5) being incorporated within the solid electrolyte material (3) in the region of the fold in the laminate. The foraminous material (5) may be polypropylene and may be perforated. Foraminous material (5) may be provided in the region of each of a plurality of folds.

LPB electrolyte compositions based on mixtures of polymers

A polyelectrolyte composition used for an LPB (lithium polyelectrolyte battery) type lithium electrochemical current generator. A mixture of a high-polymer component and a low-polymer component, as used recently for the LPB batteries, is subjected to multi-dimensional cross-linking by irradiation more efficiently and quickly. Therefore, a thinner electrolyte film having preferable mechanical properties, which may or may not have an interpenetrating polymer network, can be obtained while maintaining its adhesion to an electrode and the range of selection in coating technology.

Battery

A small current environmental-friendly battery includes a positive electrode substrate 1 and a negative electrode substrate 2 that are conductors of different potential, in which the positive electrode substrate 1 can ionize water. It also includes an insulation shell 4, a porous film 3 interposed between the electrodes, and a water inlet 4a for adding water to the film. It can also include an additive 9 which can activate or ionize water by emitting an electromagnetic wave which can split larger water molecule clusters into smaller ones.

Paste of oxygen ion conductive solid electrolyte

The paste consists essentially of an organic liquid vehicle and fine particles of an oxygen ion conductive solid electrolyte material, such as ZrO2, ThO2, Bl2O3 or CeO2 stabilized with CaO, Y2O3, Nb2O5 or La2O3, uniformly dispersed therein. The liquid vehicle is preferably composed of an organic binder (e.g. a cellulosic material), an organic solvent, a plasticizer and a surfactant so as to have an adequate viscosity, and the weight ratio of the liquid vehicle to the solid electrolyte particles is in the range from 0.25:1 to 2.5:1. This paste can be applied onto a substrate by the screen printing method, and then dried and fired to sinter the electrolyte particles. The layer so formed is useful in oxygen sensors and fuel cells.

"Cathode for solid electrolyte cell"

Charge transfer complex cathodes for use in solid cell systems wherein the cathodes are the reaction products of a halogen such as iodine or bromine with a carbonaceous pitch such as mesophase pitch.

SOLID STATE GALVANIC CELL

ASSEMBLING CELLS TO FORM ELECTRIC BATTERIES

Method of forming an electronic device

Solid state electrochemical devices

Electrochemical devices suitable for room temperature, low current density applications are made from a combination of an electrode which is an active light metal, in particular magnesium, and a solid electrolyte of the form Mn(R1R2R4R5N)In+1 or Mn(R1R2R3N(CH2)mNR4R5R6)In+2; where R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 can be straight or branched chains containing, or not containing, heteroatoms, or where R1 and R2 and/or R4 and R5 are opposite ends of a chain or branched chain or branched chain containing, or not containing, heteroatoms, in which case a cyclic structure embodying N is produced; m is 2, 3 etc.; preferred values of n are in the range 0 to 40; M is Cu (copper) or Ag (silver).

Solid state electrochemical cell

A solid state electrochemical cell comprises an anode having Li as its active material, a cathode and an electrolyte comprising a complex of a polyether with lithium. The polyether is atactic, has a low glass transition temperature and is capable of forming a complex with Li<+> ions but not with Na<+> ions. An example of such a polyether is polyvinyl methyl ether. The complex may be blended with another polymer such as a poly(ethylene oxide)- LiClO4 complex to improve mechanical properties for fabrication into the electrolyte.

A method of assembling a cell

Polymer electrolyte

SOLID STATE CELL COMPRISING SPINEL

ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICES HAVING SOLID ELECTROLYTES

... 1401837 Solid state cells WESTERN ELECTRIC CO Inc 7 May 1973 [8 May 1972] 21601/73 Heading H1B A cell comprises a solid electrolyte layer interposed between a positive electrode containing iodine and a negative electrode containing magnesium, the electrolyte having a composition of A x Mg (b-x) E 6 where A is Ca or Ba or Sr, E is S or Se and x is from 0À8 to 1À2. A preferred electrolyte composition is Ba x Mg (6-x) Se 6 . The iodine of the positive electrode may be held in the compound NbSe 2 .

SOLID STATE ELECTRIC CELL

... 1422239 Solid-state cells WILSON GREATBATCH Ltd 28 Feb 1973 [1 March 1972] 9739/73 Heading H1B A cell intended for implantation in the human body comprises. Figs. 2, 3, a housing 20 of ceramic or fibreglass having an aperture 24 through which is sealed the insulating sleeve 28 of a conductor wire 26 secured to a screen 27 preferably of nickel. The anode 12a consists of lithium optionally doped with magnesium and/or calcium and is in the form of a thin disc 30 and a thicker disc 31 which are pressed on to opposite sides of the screen 27. The layer 16a comprises a complex of iodine and an ionexchange or non-ion-exchange resin. Example of ion-exchange resin is polyvinylpyridine and examples of non-ion-exchange resins are pyrene and polyvinylpyrene. The organic iodine complex layer 16a is poured in tar form into the cavity 21 after insertion of the anode 12a to a level slightly above the ridge 23. A barrier layer 17a comprises a fibreglass film coated with ion-exchange resins or salts, i.e.

Electrochemical device having a solid separator and electrolyte

Electrochemical device comprises a negative compartment and a positive compartment. The negative compartment contains a negative medium formed at least in part of a liquid metal, and the negative and positive compartments are separated by a solid separator which is capable of being traversed by ions of the metal and is a conductor of said ions. The device is characterized by the fact that the negative compartment contains a solid electrolyte which is a conductor of these ions, this electrolyte separating the negative compartment into two regions-on the one hand, a negative region containing the negative medium and a negative collector, and, on the other hand, an intermediate region, located between the separator and the electrolyte, containing an intermediate medium formed at least in part of the metal in liquid state and/or of at least one salt of the metal in dissolved or molten state.

CATHODES FOR SOLID STATE LITHIUM CELLS

A solid body element of high energy density and having a positive electrode material consisting of ion and electron conducting, dischargeable components in conjunction with non-conductive, positive electrode materials of higher energy density.

SOLID-STATE LITHIUM-IODINE PRIMARY BATTERY

SOLID CATHODE

ENCAPSULATING CORROSIVE MATERIALS AND LITHIUM HALIDE CELLS

Improvements in and relating to primary electric cells

... 845,091. Batteries. UNIVERSAL WINDING CO. April 21, 1959 [April 22, 1958], No. 13618/59. Addition to 843,938. Class 53. A primary cell having a solid electrolyte containing tellurium as claimed in the parent Specification is provided with an electrode comprising colloidal graphite deposited from an aqueous dispersion and having a particle size of one micron or less. In an example the solid electrolyte consisting of silver iodide and tellurium is fused to one side of a silver sheet, and the electrolyte is then coated with a solution of copper bromide and an aqueous dispersion of colloidal graphite. Instead of copper bromide, a solution of iodine containing colloidal graphite may be used. In another example a mixture of silver bromide and tellurium is attached to a silver sheet which is coated on the other side with a dispersion of colloidal graphite and an epoxy resin or other binder. The layer of silver bromide and tellurium is coated with a pasty mixture of copper bromide and an aqueous ...

Miniature electric cells and method of manufacture

The present invention provides cells of a substantially spherical configuration. Such a cell comprises an outer conductive sphere (26), a layer of electric cell material (e.g. copper oxide (20) and a separator (22) impregnated with electrolyte), and an inner conductive sphere (16) (e.g. of lithium). A terminal (30) may be provided for electrical connection with the inner sphere, or alternatively a spike may be thrust into the inner sphere when current is required. ...

Process for the desalting of salt solutions by electrodialysis

Diaphragms consisting wholly or in part of ion-exchange material are made by the following methods: (1) 1 mol. of phenol is heated with 1.2 mols. of concentrated sulphuric acid at 100 DEG C. for two hours.; 5 c.c. of this reaction mixture are mixed with 5 c.c. of a 30 per cent formalin solution and heated to 70 DEG C. so that a clear cherry-red solution is obtained. The solution is poured into glass dishes which are covered and heated in a drying chamber at 90 DEG C. until gel formation and solidification takes place. The membranes produced may be afterwards sulphonated; (2) freshly distilled styrene is mixed in one case with 6 per cent and in other cases with 9 per cent and 12 per cent by weight respectively of divinyl benzene and polymerized after addition of 0.2 per cent by weight of benzoyl peroxide in a vessel placed in boiling water. The polymerisate sets as a rod which is cut into discs which are afterwards sulphonated; (3) 4.3 gms. of anhydrous polyethyleneimine is dissolved in ...

ANION-CONDUCTIVE SOLID ELECTROLYTES AND SOLID STATE BATTERY SYSTEMS

... 1524126 Solid electrolytes P R MALLORY & CO Inc 24 May 1976 [11 June 1975] 21383/76 Heading H1B A solid electrolyte for either primary or secondary cells comprises lead fluoride and an alkali metal halide incoporated as a dopant in the lead fluoride lattice. Preferably, the alkali metal halide is KF used in molar proportions with PbF 2 ranging from 1 : 1000 to 1 : 1, respectively. The electrolyte may be used in primary electrochemical cells comprising an anodic active material which does not reduce Pb2+ to Pb‹, and a cathodic active material of either heavy metal fluoride (e.g.: AgF, AgF 2 , PbF 4 , CuF 2 , HgF 2 ) and either fluorine absorbed on carbon or gaseous fluorine. Typical secondary cells in which the solid electrolyte may be incorporated consist, in the discharged state, of the couples: C/PbF 2 (KF doped)/Ag; Pb/PbF 2 (KF doped)/Ag; Pb/PbF 2 (KF doped)/Cu; C/PbF 2 (KF doped)/Cu; C/PbF 2 (KF doped)/C.

Potential producing electric cell

... 816,036. Batteries. RUBEN, S. Oct. 4, 1957, No. 31120/57. Class 53. A potential-producing cell has a solid electrolyte 13 of bismuth sulphate or antimony sulphate. The positive electrode material 15 may consist of lead peroxide or oxides of manganese or vanadium mixed with graphite or of the permanganates of barium, potassium, silver or copper mixed with graphite, and below the positive material is a member 14 of nickelchromium alloy. The negative electrode 12 may consist of carbon or graphite, a nickelchromium alloy, steel, chromium, antimony, tin, lead, or aluminium. The electrolyte 13 is made by compressing the sulphate of antimony or bismuth into discs which are then crushed and again pressed into discs. A small quantity of a silicone may be mixed with the sulphate to prevent absorption of moisture. The positive electrode may be made by electrodepositing lead peroxide from lead nitrate solution on to a strip of nickel-chromium alloy from which discs are punched. Alternatively lead peroxide ...

AMORPHOUS CATIONIC CONDUCTORS

LITHIUMBROMINE CELL

BONDING OF METALS TO SOLID ELECTROLYTES

... 1524520 Metal coating a ceramic solid electrolyte GEORGE KENT Ltd 8 Dec 1975 [9 Dec 1974] 53229/74 Heading C7D A ceramic solid electrolyte such as ZrO 2 optionally stabilized with CaO or Y 2 O 3 is coated with a noble metal and then heated in hydrogen to bond the metal. The metal may be applied as a suspension of Pt or Au-Pd in a solvent and binder and heater in hydrogen at 1050-1550‹C for 1-3 hours. Alternatively the metal may be applied by flame spraying or sputtering. The coated electrolyte is used as a probe for determining the oxygen content of flue gases.

Thermal sensitive electric storage device

A vitreous material for use as the electrolyte of a dry cell is made by first mixing feldspar, boric anhydride, silica, soda ash, soda nitre, fluorospar, barium carbonate, and oxides of cobalt, nickel, and manganese, or feldspar, flint, fluorospar, boric acid, lithium carbonate, lithium fluoride in specified proportions, smelting for 1 hour at 2200 DEG F. and then fritting by quenching in water. The dried product is ball milled for 4 hours with ball clay, magnesium carbonate, and water, sprayed on both faces of an iron plate and baked at 1500 DEG F. for 5 minutes. Adherence to the plate may be improved by dipping the plate into nickel sulphate before coating and by applying a frit containing a high percentage of vanadium pentoxide or cupric oxide between the vitreous material and subsequently applied silver paste electrodes.

LITHIUM-IODINE CELLS

... 1452147 Lithium-iodine cell WILSON GREATBATCH Ltd 13 Dec 1973 [31 Jan 1973] 57804/73 Heading H1B A lithium-iodine cell comprises an inner housing 10 of plastics material containing lithium anode 6 and current collector 9 retained in a holder 7, an insulated conductor 17 penetrating the housing and being connected to the collector, the housing also containing iodine-containing material 20 and a cathode collector 8 connected to a conductor 16. The preferred material 20 is a charge transfer complex comprising 2-vinyl pyridine polymer and iodine and is a viscous, flowable substance. The material 20 fills the housing 10 and the housing is sealed at its open end by placing a fibreglass strip 26 on the material 20, placing a layer of epoxy material 21 on the strip and positioning a lid 22 of plastics material on the layer 21 whereby the epoxy material seals the lid to the housing. The leads 16, 17 are of zirconium and nickel leads 27, 28 are welded thereto and the assembly is placed in second ...

Formed electrolytes of solid solutions of closobranes in a plastic and generating material macromolecular electrochemical containing such electrolytes.

Redox material for cathodes in non-aqueous batteries.

Composite and flexible anodes of pile to lithium in not-aqueous medium.

Electrochemical generators of production of current and new materials for their manufacture.

Macromolecular material consisted a salt in solution in a copolymer.

Tetrakis trialkyl solid siloxy alanates of alkaline metals, their solutions with plastics and their applications to the constitution of conducting elements for electrochemical generators.

(a) solid perhalogénoacylou sulfonylimidures of alkaline metals, their solutions with plastics and their application to the constitution of elements conduteurs for electrochemical generators.

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON LUFTBESTAENDIGEM, KRISTALLINEN LITHIUMNITRID

ELECTRO-CHEMICAL ENERGY SOURCE, ELECTRONIC MECHANISM AND PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF THE ENERGY SOURCE

ELECTROLYTE FROM FIRM POLYMER COMPOSITION IN HOMOGENEOUS CONDITION AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS AND KOMPOSITELEKTRODE, LITHIUM POLYMER BATTERY AND LITHIUM ION BATTERY THIS USING AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AN ELECTRODE

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AIR-STEADY, CRYSTALLINE LITHIUM NITRIDE

COMPOUND THIN FILM ELECTROLYTE

ION-LEADING POLYMER MATERIALS.

ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITION

CONDUCTIVE ALKALI CATION COLLOID MATERIAL AND APPLICATIONS AS ELECTROLYTES.

MAKROMOLEKULAERES MATERIAL CONSISTING OF A IN A KOPOLYMER SOLVED SALT.

Branched polymer, method for making the same, and applications thereof

A branched polymer represented by formula (I): wherein at least one of L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , and L 4 is a univalent organic group represented by formula (II): wherein L 5 , L 6 and L 7 are independently hydrogen or a univalent organic group, D 1 , D 2 and D 3 being independently a single bond or a divalent group, at least one of D 1 , D 2 , and D 3 containing in which R 1 is hydrogen or a methyl group and n is an integer ranging from 1 to 1000; and the remainder of L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , and L 4 being independently hydrogen or a univalent organic group represented by formula (III): wherein R is a univalent end group, with the proviso that, when one of the remainder is hydrogen, the others of the remainder cannot be hydrogen.

ORGANIC ELECTRONIC DEVICE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE

An organic electronic device (e.g. OLED, OPV, OES, OTFT) is disclosed. The organic electronic device includes a carrier substrate, a first electrode layer disposed on the carrier substrate, an organic active electronic region disposed on the first electrode layer, and an indium second electrode layer disposed and formed on the organic active electronic region by applying heat on an indium solid at a temperature between the melting temperature of indium and a threshold operating temperature of the organic layers to melt the indium solid on the organic active electronic region. The organic active electronic region includes one or more organic layers. A method of manufacturing an organic electronic device is also disclosed. 1. An organic electronic device , comprising:a carrier substrate;a first electrode layer disposed on the carrier substrate;an organic active electronic region disposed on said first electrode layer, said organic active electronic region comprising one or more organic layers; andan indium second electrode layer disposed on said organic active electronic region by applying heat on an indium solid at a temperature between a melting temperature of indium and a threshold operating temperature of at least one of said organic layers to substantially melt said indium solid onto the organic active electronic region, thereby forming said indium second electrode layer.2. The organic electronic device according to claim 1 , wherein said indium second electrode layer has a thickness greater than 1 micrometer (μm).3. The organic electronic device according to claim 1 , wherein said first electrode layer has a thickness between 80 nanometers (nm) and 200 nanometers (nm).4. The organic electronic device according to wherein said organic electronic device comprises at least one of:an organic photovoltaic device, wherein said organic active electronic region comprises a photoactive layer disposed on said first electrode layer;an organic light emitting diode device, ...

SELF-HEALING GEL-TYPE ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITE

Systems and methods of providing self-healing gel-type electrolyte composites for metal batteries are disclosed. According to aspects of the disclosure, a method includes preparing a ternary mixture including an electrolyte portion, a matrix precursor portion, and a self-healing portion, forming a self-healing gel-electrolyte membrane by initiating polymerization of the gel-forming precursor and the gel-forming initiator to thereby form a polymer matrix, and disposing the self-healing gel-electrolyte membrane between an anode and a cathode. The self-healing portion includes a self-healing precursor that is flowable and a self-healing initiator. The matrix precursor portion includes a gel-forming precursor and a gel-forming initiator. The electrolyte portion and the self-healing portion are disposed substantially throughout the polymer matrix and the polymer matrix includes a plurality of gel-forming active sites. 1. A method comprising:preparing a ternary mixture including an electrolyte portion, a matrix precursor portion, and a self-healing portion, the self-healing portion including a self-healing precursor that is flowable and a self-healing initiator, the matrix precursor portion including a gel-forming precursor and a gel-forming initiator;forming a self-healing gel-electrolyte membrane by initiating polymerization of the gel-forming precursor and the gel-forming initiator to thereby form a polymer matrix, the electrolyte portion and the self-healing portion disposed substantially throughout the polymer matrix, the polymer matrix including a plurality of gel-forming active sites; anddisposing the self-healing gel-electrolyte membrane between an anode and a cathode.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the self-healing precursor is a cyclic ether and the self-healing initiator is a lithium-containing compound.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the gel-forming precursor is a branched acrylate and the gel-forming initiator is a UV initiator.4. The method of claim 3 ...

ISOLATION MEMBRANE FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL APPARATUS, AND PREPARATION METHOD AND APPLICATION THEREOF

The present invention discloses a separator for an electrochemical device and a preparing method and use thereof. The separator comprises a porous base film layer and a functional layer; the porous base film layer optionally has an inorganic material coating on one or two surfaces thereof; the functional layer is disposed on one or two sides of the porous base film layer, and the functional layer contains at least one organic material capable of forming a gel electrode when contacting with a non-aqueous electrolyte solution. 1. A separator for an electrochemical device , characterized in that the separator comprises a porous base film layer and a functional layer; the porous base film layer optionally has an inorganic material coating on at least one surface of the porous base film layer; the functional layer is disposed on one or two sides of the porous base film layer , and the functional layer comprises at least one organic material capable of forming a gel electrolyte when contacting with a non-aqueous electrolyte solution , wherein the organic material is an organic small molecule material , and the organic small molecule material is one or more selected from the group consisting of an aromatic or aliphatic compound having a polyisocyanate functional group , a compound having a polyamino functional group , and a compound having a polyhydroxy functional group.2. A separator according to claim 1 , characterized in that the inorganic material is at least one selected from the group consisting of alumina claim 1 , silica claim 1 , titania claim 1 , ceria claim 1 , calcium carbonate claim 1 , calcium oxide claim 1 , zinc oxide claim 1 , magnesium oxide claim 1 , cerium titanate claim 1 , calcium titanate claim 1 , barium titanate claim 1 , lithium phosphate claim 1 , lithium titanium phosphate claim 1 , lithium aluminum titanium phosphate claim 1 , lithium nitride claim 1 , and lithium lanthanum titanate.35-. (canceled)6. A separator according to claim 1 , ...

THIN BATTERY

Provided is a thin battery including: a sheet-like electrode assembly including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte layer interposed therebetween; electrode lead terminals connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode, respectively; and an outer packaging housing the electrode assembly, each one of the positive and negative electrodes including a current collector and an active material layer, the current collector having a main portion and an extending portion, the main portion having a formed portion with the active material layer and a non-formed portion without the active material layer, the extending portion extending from a part of the non-formed portion, a first end portion of each of the electrode lead terminals having a joining portion joined to the non-formed portion and the extending portion, and a second end portion of each of the electrode lead terminals extended out of the outer packaging. 1. A thin battery comprising:an electrode assembly in sheet form including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte layer interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode;a pair of electrode lead terminals, the terminals connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode, respectively; andan outer packaging housing the electrode assembly,each one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode including a current collector and an active material layer,the current collector having a main portion and an extending portion extending from a part of the main portion,the main portion having a formed portion on which the active material layer is formed and a non-formed portion on which the active material layer is not formed,the extending portion extending from a part of the non-formed portion,a first end portion of each of the electrode lead terminals having a joining portion joined to the non-formed portion and the extending portion, anda second end portion of each of the ...

Low-Temperature ceramic-polymer nanocomposite solid state electrolyte

Ceramic-polymer film includes a polymer matrix, plasticizers, a lithium salt, and a ceramic nanoparticle, LLZO: AlLiLaZrTaOwhere x ranges from 0 to 0.85. The nanoparticles have diameters that range from 20 to 2000 nm and the film has an ionic conductivity of greater than 1×10S/cm (−20° C. to 10° C.) and larger than 1×10S/cm (≥20° C.). Using a combination of selected plasticizers to tune the ionic transport temperature dependence enables the battery based on the ceramic-polymer film to be operable in a wide temperature window (−40° C. to 90° C.). Large size nanocomposite film (area ≥8 cm×6 cm) can be formed on a substrate and the concentration of LLZO nanoparticles decreases in the direction of the substrate to form a concentration gradient over the thickness of the film. This large size film can be employed as a non-flammable, solid-state electrolyte for lithium electrochemical pouch cell and further assembled into battery packs. 1. A ceramic-polymer film that comprises: a polymer matrix; a plasticizer; a lithium salt; and ceramic nanoparticles having the formula AlLiLaZrTaOwhere x ranges from 0 to 0.85 (LLZO) , wherein the ceramic nanoparticles have diameters that range from 20 to 2000 nm , wherein the film has an ionic conductivity of higher than 1×10S/cm when measured at a temperature in the range of −20° C. to 10° C. and wherein the film has an ionic conductivity of higher than 1×10S/cm when measured at a temperature 20° C. or higher.2. The film of wherein the polymer matrix comprises PEGDA.3. The film of wherein the plasticizer consists essentially of (i) EC (ii) a mixture of EC and DMSO or (iii) a mixture of PC and DMSO.4. The film of wherein the lithium salt is selected from the group consisting of LiTFSI claim 1 , LiClO claim 1 , and LiPF claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.5. The film of wherein the lithium salt further comprises LiBOB.6. The film of wherein the polymer matrix comprises 10 to 50 wt % of the film claim 1 , the plurality of plasticizers comprises ...

SYSTEMS METHODS AND DEVICES FOR PLANT-BASED POWER SOURCES

The present application is directed to systems, methods and devices which utilize plant based materials as an electrolyte in a power source. Embodiments may process leaves to form materials to be included in one or more of a liquid, paste, or paper-based battery cell. In some embodiments the leaf-based materials may be the primary electrolyte in the battery cell, while in other embodiments the leaf-based materials may be combined with other materials to provide for the chemical materials within the battery cell. In additional embodiments, the leaves may be processed with a textile or leather material to form a wearable cell. 1. A battery cell comprising ,an anode comprising a metallic material;a cathode comprising a metallic material that is disparate from the anode material; andat least one electrolyte material disposed between the anode and cathode, wherein at least one electrolyte material includes a plant-based material.2Baphia PubescensGmelina Arborea.. The battery cell of wherein the plant based electrolyte material is made from leaves and stems extract of or3. The battery cell of wherein the electrolyte material comprises primarily a leaf or stem-based material.4. The battery cell of wherein the plant based electrolyte material is in liquid form.5. The battery cell of wherein the plant based electrolyte material is in paste form.6. The battery cell of wherein the plant based electrolyte material is in paper form.7. The battery cell of wherein the plant based electrolyte remains effective below −60° C.8. The battery cell of wherein the plant based electrolyte remains effective above 80° C. without loss of moisture9. The battery cell of wherein the battery cell yields a voltage of approximately 0.81 Volts.10. The battery cell of further comprising a plurality of said battery cells connected in series.11. The battery cell of wherein the battery cell is a wearable cell. The present application relates to electrical storage and power sources. More specifically, ...

SULFONAMIDE MACROMOLECULES USEFUL AS SINGLE-ION CONDUCTING POLYMER ELECTROLYTE

The present invention relates to asymmetric sulfonamide compounds comprising at least: one polycyclic group, Ar, formed of two to six rings, at least one of which is aromatic, a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic chain, said chain possibly being interrupted by one or more heteroatoms, said group Ar and said aliphatic chain being covalently bonded via a spacer represented by a sulfonamide unit —SO—NH— or its anionic form —SO—N-; and, optionally a counter-cation of the anionic form of the sulfonamide unit, chosen among the alkali metals and the proton H. These compounds are of particular interest as single-ion conducting polymer electrolyte. 1. An asymmetric sulfonamide compound comprising at least:a polycyclic group, Ar, consisting of two to six rings, at least one of which is aromatic, said rings each independently having from 4 to 6 members, said polycyclic group being able to include up to 18 heteroatoms;{'sub': '2', 'a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic chain, said chain being optionally interrupted by one or more heteroatoms, by one or more metalloids, optionally substituted by one or more fluorine atoms, and/or containing one or more groups selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, —NHand oxo groups, said aliphatic chain comprising a linear chain of at least six covalent bonds;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'sup': '−', 'said group Ar and said aliphatic chain being covalently linked via a spacer represented by a sulfonamide unit —SO—NH— or its anionic form —SO—N—, said sulfonamide being linked to said polycyclic group Ar via its nitrogen atom and to said aliphatic chain via its sulfur atom; and, if need be'}{'sup': +', '+, 'sub': '3', 'a counter cation for the anionic form of the sulfonamide unit, selected from the alkali metals and the proton H or HO.'}2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is in the form of a salt having claim 1 , as spacer claim 1 , the anionic form of said sulfonamide —SO—N— claim 1 , and a counter ...

Polymer compositions that conduct lithium ions for electrochemical lithium generator

The invention relates to polymer compositions that conduct lithium ions including the following ingredients: at least one ionic polymer from the polymerisation of an ionic liquid, the cation of which bears at least one polymerisable function; at least one lithium salt; and at least one non-ionic polymer, the composition being a solid composition, i.e., a composition devoid of water and organic solvent(s). The invention also relates to the use of the polymer compositions for entering into the formation of electrolytic membranes of electrochemical lithium generators.

AN APPARATUS AND METHOD OF PROVIDING AN APPARATUS FOR USE AS A POWER SOURCE

An apparatus and method of providing an apparatus, the apparatus comprising: an electrode comprising metal; an anode comprising a composite of halide salt and conductive carbon based material wherein the anode is deposited on the electrode; a cathode comprising metal; and a solid electrolyte provided between the cathode and the anode. 115-. (canceled)16. An apparatus comprising:an electrode comprising metal;an anode comprising a composite of halide salt and conductive carbon based material wherein the anode is deposited on the electrode;a cathode comprising metal; anda solid electrolyte provided between the cathode and the anode.17. An apparatus as claimed in wherein the conductive carbon based material comprises graphene.18. An apparatus as claimed in wherein the conductive carbon based material comprises reduced graphene oxide.19. An apparatus as claimed in wherein the conductive carbon based material is formed from an ink comprising reduced graphene oxide in solution.20. An apparatus as claimed in wherein the anode is arranged to react with the metal from the electrode to form metal halide and release metal cations.21. An apparatus as claimed in wherein transport of the released metal cations from the electrode to the cathode provides a power source.22. An apparatus as claimed in wherein the metal comprises a thin metal foil layer.23. An apparatus as claimed in wherein the cathode comprises the same metal as the electrode.24. An apparatus as claimed in wherein the metal comprises silver.25. An apparatus as claimed in wherein the solid electrolyte is arranged to absorb ambient water to enable transport of cations across the solid electrolyte26. An apparatus as claimed in wherein the solid electrolyte comprises graphene oxide.27. An apparatus as claimed in wherein the solid electrolyte comprises Nafion.28. An apparatus as claimed in wherein the composite comprises35-45% carbon atoms, 2-10% oxygen atoms, and 20-30% lithium atoms.29. A method comprising:providing an ...

Ionic Liquid Gel for Electrolyte, Method of and Ink for Making the Same, and Printed Batteries Including Such Ionic Liquid Gels and/or Electrolytes

The disclosure concerns an electrolyte, an electrolyte ink, a battery or other electrochemical cell including the same, and methods of making the electrolyte and electrochemical cell. The electrolyte includes an ionic liquid comprising a hydrophilic or hydrophobic anion, a multi-valent metal cation suitable for use in a battery cell, a polymer binder, and optional additives (e.g., a solid filler). The electrolyte ink includes components of the electrolyte and a solvent. The solvent and the polymer binder (or, when present, the solid filler) have a hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity or polarity similar to or matching that of the ionic liquid's anion, or form hydrogen bonds with the ionic liquid's anion. The electrolyte includes a solid inorganic filler that provides mechanical support form hydrogen bonds with the anion and/or a counterpart anion of the multi-valent metal cation, and links with a material in an adjacent layer of the electrochemical cell. 1. An electrolyte , comprising:an ionic liquid comprising a hydrophilic or hydrophobic anion;a multi-valent metal cation suitable for use in an electrochemical cell; anda polymer binder that mechanically supports the electrolyte and that has a porosity, swellability and/or impregnability enabling infusion, impregnation or doping with the ionic liquid and the multi-valent metal cation, the polymer binder optionally containing a solid filler, and the polymer binder and/or (when present) the solid filler having a hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity or polarity similar or matched to that of the anion, or forming hydrogen bonds with the anion.2. The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein said polymer binder has said porosity enabling infusion claim 1 , impregnation or doping with the ionic liquid and the multi-valent metal cation.3. The electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein said ionic liquid comprises said hydrophilic anion claim 1 , and either (i) said polymer binder forms hydrogen bonds with said hydrophilic anion claim 1 , or (ii) said ...

Battery

A battery includes an electrolyte disposed on a substantially planar substrate. The electrolyte has a first surface extending from the substrate and in contact with a cathode. The electrolyte has a second surface extending from the substrate and in contact with an anode. The second surface is opposite the first surface. The anode and the cathode are non-overlapping. The battery additionally includes a biocompatible protective layer that covers the electrolyte and at least portions of the anode and cathode. The battery can be disposed in an eye-mountable device or other device to power electronics in the device. The battery can be configured to be rechargeable. 1. A battery , comprising:a substrate;an electrolyte disposed on the substrate, wherein the electrolyte has a first surface extending from the substrate and a second surface extending from the substrate and opposite the first surface, wherein the first and second surfaces of the electrolyte are less than about 100 microns apart;a cathode disposed on the substrate and in contact with the first surface of the electrolyte;an anode disposed on the substrate and in contact with the second surface of the electrolyte, wherein the anode and cathode are non-overlapping; anda biocompatible protective layer, wherein the biocompatible protective layer covers the electrolyte and at least portions of the cathode and anode.2. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the battery has an overall thickness defined by respective thicknesses of the substrate claim 1 , the biocompatible protective layer claim 1 , and a thickest portion of the electrolyte claim 1 , cathode claim 1 , and anode between the substrate and the biocompatible protective layer claim 1 , wherein the overall thickness is less than about 50 microns.3. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the biocompatible protective layer comprises parylene.4. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises silicon.5. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte comprises a ...

Polyether polymer compounds as well as ion conductive polymer compositions and electrochemical devices using the same

The present invention is aimed to provide polyether polymers capable of improving an ion conductivity around room temperature as well as ion conductive polymer compositions and electrochemical devices using the same. The above objectives are achieved by using polyether polymers characterized by having the structure unit represented by the formula (1) and the structure unit represented by the formula (2) and/or the structure unit represented by the formula (3), and having polymerizable and/or non-polymerizable functional groups at each end of the molecular chains.

Electrochemical cell

電池およびその製造方法

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METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN IONOMER

Polymer electrolyte

固体電解質

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Tetra-alkynyl or -aluminates of alkali metals, their solid solutions with plastic materials and their use for the constitution of conductor elements for electrochemical generators

The invention relates to solid solutions constituted by one or several ionic compounds of the formula: (R--C.tbd.C).sub.4 X.sup.-, M.sup.+ in which: X is a trivalent element liable of entering into 4-coordination; the groups R are aprotic hydrocarbon radicals, that is to say radicals which are non proton donors; M is an alkali metal; entirely dissolved within a macromolecular material formed at least in part by a polymer the monomer units of which include at least one hetero-atom, adapted to form bonds of the donor-acceptor type with the cation of the ionic compound. These solutions can be used for the constitution of solid electrolyte materials of electrochemical generators.

Polymer electrolyte and the use thereof in galvanic cells

The invention relates to mixtures of borate or phosphate salts, especially spiroborate or spirophosphate salts, and polymers in addition to the use thereof in electrolytes, batteries, capacitors, supercapacitors and galvanic cells.

Thermal management system and method for a solid-state energy storing device

An improved electrochemical energy storing device includes a number of thin-film electrochemical cells which are maintained in a state of compression through use of an internal or an external pressure apparatus. A thermal conductor, which is connected to at least one of the positive or negative contacts of each electrochemical cell, conducts current into and out of the electrochemical cells and also conducts thermal energy between the electrochemical cells and thermally conductive material disposed on a wall structure adjacent the conductors. The wall structure includes electrically resistive material, such as an anodized coating or a thin film of plastic. The thermal conductors are fabricated to include a spring mechanism which expands and contacts to maintain mechanical contact between the electrochemical cells and the thermally conductive material in the presence of relative movement between the electrochemical cells and the wall structure. An active cooling apparatus may be employed external to a hermetically sealed housing containing the electrochemical cells to enhance the transfer of thermal energy into and out of the electrochemical cells. An integrated interconnect board may be disposed within the housing onto which a number of electrical and electro-mechanical components are mounted. Heat generated by the components is conducted from the interconnect board to the housing using the thermal conductors.

Interlocking frame system for lithium-polymer battery construction

Frames for batteries which are constructed of planar battery cells prevent the planar battery cells from shifting while the batteries are vacuum sealed. These frames do not add to the thickness of the batteries but have the advantage of increasing the rigidity of the battery, reducing the shifting of the battery cells during assembly, and preventing vulnerable edges which result in non-uniformities and low energy density. The interlocking frame design allows cells to be stacked onto a battery with relatively tight alignment, high volumetric efficiency and improved safety.

Be used to produce the macromolecular material with ionic conductivity of ionogen or electrode

离子导电的大分子材料由聚醚盐溶液构成。这种聚醚被缩聚或者被交联，它至少由相互间用桥键连接的两个链构成，这种桥键包括硅、镉、硼或钛原子，这种原子由氧原子联接到一条链上。 本发明可应用于生产电化学累积器的电极和电解质。

Solid polymer electrolytes

Solid polymer electrolytes for electrochromic devices are produced by dissolving lithium perchlorate and polymethylmethacrylate in propylene carbonate, all dried to below 10 ppm water, and screen printing or casting a film of the resulting solution followed by removal of solvent to leave a final polymer concentration of about 40% by weight based on the combined weight of polymer and solvent. Screen printability is conferred by a resin modifier such as MODAFLOW (TM).

Gel electrolytes for electrochromic and electrochemical devices

Gel electrolytes for electrochromic and electrochemical devices wherein in one embodiment polymeric gelling agents/atactic or syndiotactic, and isotactic PMMA, and a lithium salt in a suitable solvent are dissolved at a temperature above the gelation point and cooled to form a gel electrolyte. In another embodiment a preelectrolyte film is formed by casting a solution of a mixture of stereocomplexed PMMA with a plasticizer (a complexing low molecular weight polar solvent) in a non-complexing volatile solvent (e.i., CClH 3 ), followed by the activation of the film in a liquid electrolyte which includes a lithium salt and low molecular weight complexing solvents to form the completed gel electrolyte.

Solid polymer electrolytes

Sheet for Forming a Polymer Gel Electrolyte, Polymer Gel Electrolyte Using Such a Sheet and Method for the Manufacture Thereof

본 발명은 이온 전도도를 갖는 고분자 겔 전해질 형성용 독특한 섬유상 시트, 상기 시트를 사용하는 독특한 고분자 겔 전해질, 및 독특한 그의 제법을 제공한다. 보다 구체적으로는, 본 발명은 이온 전도도가 우수하고, 리튬 1차 전지, 리튬 2차 전지, 및 전기 이중층 커패시터 등의 여러 전기 디바이스용 전해질로서 적합한 고분자 겔 전해질 형성용 독특한 섬유상 시트 및 상기 시트를 사용하는 독특한 고분자 전해질, 및 독특한 그의 제법을 제공한다. The present invention provides a unique fibrous sheet for forming a polymer gel electrolyte having an ionic conductivity, a unique polymer gel electrolyte using the sheet, and a unique preparation method thereof. More specifically, the present invention uses a unique fibrous sheet for forming a polymer gel electrolyte, which is excellent in ion conductivity and suitable as an electrolyte for various electrical devices such as lithium primary batteries, lithium secondary batteries, and electric double layer capacitors. To provide a unique polymer electrolyte, and a unique method for its preparation.

Nonaqueous electrolyte composition, nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and method for manufacturing nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery

A nonaqueous electrolyte composition includes an electrolyte salt, a nonaqueous solvent, a matrix polymer, and a ceramic powder, wherein the ceramic powder has an average particle size of 0.1 to 2.5 μm and a BET specific surface area of 0.5 to 11 m 2 /g.

Nonaqueous electrolyte composition, nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and method for manufacturing nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery

A nonaqueous electrolyte composition includes an electrolyte salt, a nonaqueous solvent, a matrix polymer, and a ceramic powder, wherein the ceramic powder has an average particle size of 0.1 to 2.5 μm and a BET specific surface area of 0.5 to 11 m 2 /g.

Patent FR2442512B1

Patent JPH0556383B2

Solid electrolyte material manufacturable by polymer processing methods

The present invention relates generally to electrolyte materials. According to an embodiment, the present invention provides for a solid polymer electrolyte material that is ionically conductive, mechanically robust, and can be formed into desirable shapes using conventional polymer processing methods. An exemplary polymer electrolyte material has an elastic modulus in excess of 1×10 6 Pa at 90 degrees C. and is characterized by an ionic conductivity of at least 1×10 −5 Scm-1 at 90 degrees C. An exemplary material can be characterized by a two domain or three domain material system. An exemplary material can include material components made of diblock polymers or triblock polymers. Many uses are contemplated for the solid polymer electrolyte materials. For example, the present invention can be applied to improve Li-based batteries by means of enabling higher energy density, better thermal and environmental stability, lower rates of self-discharge, enhanced safety, lower manufacturing costs, and novel form factors.

Cr0sslinked polymer electroltyes and method of making such crosslinked polymers

This invention relates to crosslinked polymers useful as electrolytes in rechargeable batteries, to electrolytes containing such crosslinked polymers, to methods for making such polymer electrolytes , to electrodes incorporating such crosslinked polymers, to rechargeable batteries employing such crosslinked polymers as the electrolyte and to methods for producing such batteries.

Solid polymer electrolyte for lithium ion battery and lithium ion battery

Process for producing cationically conducting perfluorated ionomeric colloids, and the use of the colloids obtained

The process consists in dissolving a perfluorinated ionomer in a water/alcohol mixture at a temperature lower than 300 DEG C, this ionomer having an equivalent mass smaller than 1500, concentrating and drying the solution at a temperature not exceeding 100 DEG C, grinding the product obtained to form a fine powder, dissolving and homogenising this powder in at least one organic polar solvent, at a temperature not exceeding 100 DEG C. The colloid obtained may be used as electrolyte (2) in an electrochemical generator comprising two current collectors (3, 7), each coated with an electrode-active material (5, 9) in contact with the electrolyte. <IMAGE>

Perfluorinated solid polymer electrolyte for lithium ion batteries

Method of making an electrolyte activatable lithium-ion rechargeable battery cell

Li-ion rechargeable battery cell electrode and electrolyte/separator elements formulated as layers of plasticized polymeric matrix compositions are laminated to form a unitary battery cell structure. The structure may be stored indefinitely, since it is essentially devoid of electrolyte solution which typically comprises a moisture-sensitive lithium salt. Prior to the battery's being put into service, at least a portion of the compatible polymeric composition plasticizer is displaced by contact with a lithium salt electrolyte solution or is removed by extraction with a selective solvent and replaced with the electrolyte solution by simple imbibition. The battery thus activated may then be charged and recharged in the usual manner.

Lithium secondary battery extraction method

The present invention is a method of fabricating a rechargeable battery structure by extracting plasticizer from plastic battery preforms to render them insensitive to water while maintaining the homogeneous characteristics of the plastic materials to allow subsequent activation of the batteries through the introduction of an electrolyte solution. These battery preforms need not be maintained under anhydrous conditions and can be activated immediately preceding use thereof.

Additives for extruding polymer electrolytes

Preparation of an electrolyte film for lithium/polymer electrolyte batteries by extruding a powder mixture containing a polymer, a lithium salt and an additive consisting of an ultra fine powder of a metal oxide, such as silica, aluminum, or titanium oxide with a particle size between about 7 and 40 nm. The role of the additive is to prevent the formation of adhesive solid blocks in the powder mixture and to allow the introduction of this mixture in the extruder. Electrolyte compositions, electrolytes as well as electrochemical generators obtained according to the invention are also described.

Thermoplastic ionic conductor

This invention is directed to a solid, thermoplastic composition which is conductive to ions while being an electrical insulator. More particularly, the composition comprises (a) a terpolymer of vinyl butyryl, vinyl alcohol, and vinyl acetate, (b) a plasticiser for the terpolymer, and (c) alkali metal salt.

Solid polymer electrolyte

Lithium ion conductive polymer electrolyte

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Ion conductive material

내용 없음

Polyether high polymer compound, using formed ion conducing high polymer composition and electrochemical equipment

本发明的目的是提供可提高室温附近离子导电率的聚醚类高分子和使用它的离子导电性高分子组合物和电化学设备。上述目的是通过使用具有下述特征的聚醚类高分子化合物达到的。该聚醚类高分子化合物特征在于，具有下述式(1)所示结构单元和下述式(2)和/或式(3)所示结构单元，在分子链的各末端具有聚合性官能团和/或非聚合性官能团。

Ion conductive high molecular material for manufacturing electrolyte or electrode

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Vacuum Sealing Type Primary Film Battery and Method of Manufacturing the Same

본 발명은 진공밀폐형 플렉서블 필름 일차전지 및 그의 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 상기 진공밀폐형 플렉서블 필름 일차전지는 표면 처리된 파우치 내면에 전도성 카본층이 코팅된 양극 집전체 및 상기 전도성 카본층 상에 형성된 양극층을 포함한 양극 극판; 표면 처리된 파우치 내면에 전도성 카본층이 코팅된 음극 집전체 및 상기 전도성 카본층 상에 형성된 음극층을 포함한 음극 극판; 및 상기 양극 극판과 상기 음극 극판 사이에 접착/후주입형 고분자 전해질막을 포함하는 전지조립체를 포함하고, 여기서 상기 전지조립체는 완전밀폐되어 있는 것이다. 본 발명에 따른 플렉서블 필름 일차전지는 파우치를 집전체 필름으로 사용함에 따라 유연성을 개선시키고, 파우치가 전지를 완전밀폐시킬 수 있어 보존기간 및 셀성능을 개선시킬 수 있다. 또한, 필름 일차전지는 스크린프린팅 방식을 이용하여 제조될 수 있어 롤투롤(roll-to-roll) 방식의 연속 공정화가 매우 용이하다. The present invention relates to a vacuum-sealed flexible film primary battery and a method of manufacturing the same, wherein the vacuum-sealed flexible film primary battery includes a positive electrode current collector coated with a conductive carbon layer on a surface-treated pouch and a positive electrode layer formed on the conductive carbon layer. A positive electrode plate including; A negative electrode plate including a negative electrode current collector coated with a conductive carbon layer on an inner surface of the pouch and a negative electrode layer formed on the conductive carbon layer; And a battery assembly including an adhesive / post-injection polymer electrolyte membrane between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, wherein the battery assembly is completely sealed. The flexible film primary battery according to the present invention improves flexibility as the pouch is used as a current collector film, and the pouch can completely close the battery, thereby improving shelf life and cell performance. In addition, since the film primary battery may be manufactured using a screen printing method, it is very easy to continuously process a roll-to-roll method. 파우치, 비금속단자, 필름 일차전지, 진공밀폐 Pouch, Non-Metallic Terminal, Film Primary Battery, Vacuum Seal

Electrochemical battery

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Solid polymer electrolyte battery

A solid battery using a solid electrolyte obtained by dissolving a tetrafunctional high-molecular compound and an electrolyte salt in a solvent and crosslinking the solution by the irradiation of an actinic radiation and/or by heating, wherein the solid electrolyte is one obtained by using a tetrafunctional terminal acryloyl-modified alkylene oxide polymer having a high-molecular chain represented by following formula (I) as the above-described tetrafunctional high-molecular compound, compounding the solvent with the polymer at a ratio of from 220 to 1,900% by weight to the above-described tetrafunctional high-molecular compound, and crosslinking the compounded mixture: wherein R 1 and R 2 each represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; m and n each represents 0 or an integer of at least 1; in one high-molecular chain, m + n ≥ 35. The solid battery has a high performance and a high-energy density, prevents the occurrence of liquid leakage and gas spouting, and has an excellent mechanical strength.

Device with thin battery and iontophoresis patch

본 발명의 일 측면에 따른 박형전지를 구비하는 장치는, 전기적으로 동작하고 서브스트레이트(substrate)를 구비하는 디바이스; 및 상기 디바이스에 전력을 공급하기 위한 박형전지를 포함하되, 상기 박형 전지는, 상기 서브스트레이트 상에 형성된 제1 전기전도층; 상기 제1 전기전도층과 분리되어 상기 서브스트레이트 상에 형성되고 상기 제1 전기전도층과 동일 평면에 위치하는 제2 전기전도층; 상기 제1 전기전도층 상에 형성되어 상기 제1 전기전도층과 전기적으로 연결된 제1 전극층; 상기 제2 전기전도층 상에 형성되어 상기 제2 전기전도층과 전기적으로 연결되고 상기 제1 전극층으로부터 측방향으로 이격되어 배치되고 상기 제1 전극층의 극성과 반대인 극성을 갖는 제2 전극층; 상기 제1 전극층과 제2 전극층을 동시에 덮는 이온전도성 고분자 전해질; 및 상기 이온 전도성 고분자 전해질층을 밀봉하는 밀봉 필름을 포함한다. An apparatus having a thin battery according to an aspect of the present invention includes a device electrically operated and having a substrate; And a thin battery for supplying power to the device, wherein the thin battery comprises: a first electrically conductive layer formed on the substrate; A second conductive layer separated from the first conductive layer and formed on the substrate and coplanar with the first conductive layer; A first electrode layer formed on the first electrically conductive layer and electrically connected to the ��� first first conductive layer; A second electrode layer formed on the second conductive layer and electrically connected to the second conductive layer, spaced laterally from the first electrode layer, and having a polarity opposite to that of the first electrode layer; An ion conductive polymer electrolyte covering the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer at the same time; And a sealing film for sealing the ion conductive polymer electrolyte layer. 이온토포레시스 Iontophoresis

Preparation of radiation cured solid electrolytes and electrochemical devices employing the same

A method is described for forming a solid electrolyte comprising a polymeric network structure containing an ionically conducting liquid for use in solid state electrochemical cells which comprises forming a mixture of a crosslinkable polysiloxane or a crosslinkable polyethylene oxide, an ionically conducting liquid, and an ionizable ammonium or alkali metal salt, and subjecting said mixture to actinic radiation to thereby crosslink said crosslinkable polysiloxane or crosslinkable polyethylene oxide to form a solid matrix through which said ionically conducting liquid interpenetrates to provide continuous paths of high conductivity in all directions throughout said matrix.

Polymeric electrolytic cell separator membrane and method of making same

A flexible polymeric film useful as an interelectrode separator or electrolyte member (45) in electrolytic devices, such as rechargeable batteries, comprises a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride with 8 to 25 % hexafluoropropylene. The film may be cast or formed as a self-supporting layer retaining about 20 to 70 % of a high-boiling solvent or solvent mixture plasticizer comprising such compounds as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, and dibutyl phthalate. The film may be used in such form or after leaching of the retained plasticizer with a film-inert low-boiling solvent to provide a separator member into which a solution of electrolytic salt is subsequently imbibed to displace retained plasticizer or replace plasticizer previously leached from the polymeric matrix.

Ion conductor

NEW IONIC CONDUCTION MATERIAL

MATERIAU A CONDUCTION IONIQUE COMPRENANT DANS UN SOLVANT LIQUIDE OU SOLIDE UN SEL REPRESENTE PAR L'UNE DES FORMULES SUIVANTES : (CF DESSIN DANS BOPI) ; M RF-CO-CR-CO-R'F; M RF-CO-CR-SO-R'F; M RF-SO-CR-SO-R'F APPLICATION A L'ELECTROCHIMIE. IONIC CONDUCTIVE MATERIAL COMPRISING IN A LIQUID OR SOLID SOLVENT A SALT REPRESENTED BY ONE OF THE FOLLOWING FORMULAS: (CF DRAWING IN BOPI); M RF-CO-CR-CO-R'F; M RF-CO-CR-SO-R'F; M RF-SO-CR-SO-R'F APPLICATION TO ELECTROCHEMISTRY.

Ion-conductive polymer electrolyte

An ion-conductive polymer electrolyte comprises an organic polymer, a soluble electrolyte salt and an organic solvent. The organic polymer is the compound obtained by crosslinking an organic compound having a structure of the following general formula 1; Z - [ (Am - Xp) Y] k (1) in which Z is a residue of a compound having at least one active hydrogen, Y is an active hydrogen group or polymerizable functional group, m is an integer of 1 to 250, k is an integer of 1 to 12, A is a structure of the following general formula 2; (2) wherein n is an integer of 0 to 25, R is an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or alkylaryl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, X is -(CH2-CH2-0)- , and p is 0 or an integer of 1 to 450, and, when p is not 0, A and X are block-copolymerized, m shows the total number of copolymerized A units and p shows the total number of copolymerized X units.

ION CONDUCTIVE POLYMER AND SOLID ELECTROLYTE USING THE SAME

SOLID IONIC CONDUCTIVE MATERIAL, FROM A POLYMER AND AN ALKALINE CATION SALT, APPLICATION AS ELECTROLYTE.

L'invention a pour objet un matériau solide conducteur ionique constitué à partir de poly(éthylène imine) branchée et d'un sel de cations lithium de manière à ce que soit optimisé le rapport du nombre d'atomes d'azote contenus dans le polymère sur celui des cations lithium provenant du sel. La poly(éthylène imine) branchée peut être plastifiée dans une certaine gamme de proportion en plastifiant. On utilise ce type de matériau en tant qu'électrolyte, notamment dans des systèmes électrochromes.

TETRA-ALKYNYL BORATES OR ALUMINATES OF ALKALI METALS, THEIR SOLID SOLUTIONS WITH PLASTIC MATERIALS AND THEIR APPLICATION TO THE CONSTITUTION OF CONDUCTIVE ELEMENTS FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL GENERATORS

L'INVENTION CONCERNE DE NOUVEAUX COMPOSES IONIQUES INCORPORABLES A DES POLYMERES DONT LES MOTIFS MONOMERES COMPORTENT AU MOINS UN HETERO-ATOME, NOTAMMENT OXYGENE OU AZOTE, APTE A FORMER DES LIAISONS DU TYPE DONNEUR-ACCEPTEUR AVEC LE CATION DU COMPOSE IONIQUE, LES SOLUTIONS SOLIDES OBTENUES ETANT UTILISABLES POUR FORMER L'ELECTROLYTE D'UN GENERATEUR ELECTROCHIMIQUE. CES COMPOSES IONIQUES SONT REPRESENTES PAR LA FORMULE: (CF DESSIN DANS BOPI) DANS LAQUELLE: X EST UN ELEMENT TRIVALENT SUSCEPTIBLE D'ENTRER EN COORDINANCE 4, TEL QUE LE BORE OU L'ALUMINIUM, LES GROUPES R SONT DES RADICAUX HYDROCARBONES APROTIQUES, C'EST-A-DIRE DES RADICAUX NON DONNEURS DE PROTONS, ET M EST UN METAL ALCALIN TEL QUE LE LITHIUM, LE SODIUM ET LE POTASSIUM. THE INVENTION CONCERNS NEW IONIC COMPOUNDS INCORPORATE WITH POLYMERS WHOSE MONOMERIC PATTERNS HAVE AT LEAST ONE HETERO-ATOM, IN PARTICULAR OXYGEN OR NITROGEN, SUITABLE TO FORM DONOR-ACCEPTOR-TYPE BONDS WITH THE CATION OF THE IONIC COMPOUND OBTAINED SOLUTIONS, THE SOLUTIONS BEING USABLE FOR FORMING THE ELECTROLYTE OF AN ELECTROCHEMICAL GENERATOR. THESE IONIC COMPOUNDS ARE REPRESENTED BY THE FORMULA: (CF DRAWING IN BOPI) IN WHICH: X IS A TRIVALENT ELEMENT LIKELY TO ENTER COORDINANCE 4, SUCH AS BORON OR ALUMINUM, THE R GROUPS ARE APROTIC HYDROCARBON RADICALS, C IT MEANS NON-PROTON-DONORING RADICALS, AND M IS AN ALKALINE METAL SUCH AS LITHIUM, SODIUM AND POTASSIUM.

PRIMARY OR SECONDARY ELECTROCHEMICAL GENERATOR

Polymeric electrical storage device

This invention relates to a polymeric electrical storage device that is comprised of a polymer composition that is capable of storing an electrical charge. The electrical storage device, in one embodiment, can be recharged by light.

Copolymers with redox properties and their use for the preparation of materials with mixed conduction.

NOVEL MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL WITH ION CONDUCTION AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

Thermal management system and method for a solid-state energy storing device

An improved electrochemical energy storing device includes a number of thin-film electrochemical cells which are maintained in a state of compression through use of an internal or an external pressure apparatus. A thermal conductor, which is connected to at least one of the positive or negative contacts of each electrochemical cell, conducts current into and out of the electrochemical cells and also conducts thermal energy between the electrochemical cells and thermally conductive material disposed on a wall structure adjacent the conductors. The wall structure includes electrically resistive material, such as an anodized coating or a thin film of plastic. The thermal conductors are fabricated to include a spring mechanism which expands and contacts to maintain mechanical contact between the electrochemical cells and the thermally conductive material in the presence of relative movement between the electrochemical cells and the wall structure. An active cooling apparatus may be employed external to a hermetically sealed housing containing the electrochemical cells to enhance the transfer of thermal energy into and out of the electrochemical cells. An integrated interconnect board may be disposed within the housing onto which a number of electrical and electro-mechanical components are mounted. Heat generated by the components is conducted from the interconnect board to the housing using the thermal conductors.

ELECTROLYTE POLYMERIC SOLID

La présente invention concerne un électrolyte solide polymérique. Cet électrolyte solide polymérique comprend une molécule réticulée formée en polymérisant un polyéthylèneglycol ayant des groupes acryliques ou méthacryliques aux deux extrémités et contenant a un copolymère de type acrylate spécifique, b un polyéthylèneglycol de faible poids moléculaire dont les deux extrémités sont méthyl-etherifiées et c un sel de métal alcalin ou un sel d'ammonium. L'électrolyte solide polymérique de la présente invention a une conductivité ionique i de 10**-**5 S/cm ou supérieure à la température ambiante et est applicable à la solidification totale des piles au lithium et des dispositifs d'affichage électrochrome. The present invention relates to a solid polymeric electrolyte. This solid polymeric electrolyte comprises a crosslinked molecule formed by polymerizing a polyethylene glycol having acrylic or methacrylic groups at both ends and containing a a specific acrylate type copolymer, b a low molecular weight polyethylene glycol whose two ends are methyl-etherified and c a alkali metal salt or an ammonium salt. The polymeric solid electrolyte of the present invention has an ionic conductivity i of 10 ** - ** 5 S / cm or greater at room temperature and is applicable to the total solidification of lithium batteries and electrochromic display devices.

Oxirane and dioxolane copolymers, their preparation process and ionically conductive materials containing them.

Ion conducting macromolecular material and process for its manufacture.

An ionically conductive compsn. comprises a salt dissolved in a macromolecular material (I) comprising an organometallic polymer in which each metal atom is linked by an O atom to at least 2 polymeric chains each derived from monomer(s) (II) which each contains at least one heteroatom capable of forming dinor acceptor type bonds eiht the cation of the dissolved salt. ALso claimed is the prepn. of the compsn.

PROCESS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF SULFONYLIMIDURES

Ionically conducting material usable as a solid electrolyte of the gel type

The invention relates to ionically conducting materials usable as solid electrolytes of the gel type. These materials are obtained by the process which consists: a. in reacting, in solution, an organic acid with at least one organometallic compound, such as an alkoxide or a beta -diketonate of formula MXn, in which M represents a transition metal, n is the valency of M and X is a group of formulae or in which R1 and R3, which may be identical or different, represent a linear or branched alkyl radical, R2 represents hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl radical, which may be identical or different from R1 and R3, and b. in letting the solution obtained evolve at room temperature or in hydrolysing it by means of a water-alcohol mixture optionally containing an ionic salt. Application: cells for electrochromic display.

Micro battery manufacturing technique makes thin structure for chip cards

A micro battery manufacturing technique has electrodes (1, 3) made by coating and cold compression on metallic sheets (2, 4) and assembled by hot pressing to an electrolyte followed by removal of the sheets and vapour deposition of contacts.

SOLID POLYMERIC ELECTROLYTE

Method of manufacturing a multilayer electrochemical assembly comprising an electrolyte between two electrodes and assembly thus produced.

La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un ensemble électrochimique multicouche comprenant les étapes consistant à co-extruder un élément comprenant un film d'électrolyte (10) à base de polymère conducteur ionique et au moins un film d'électrode (70, 80), dans une filière telle que l'électrode soit accessible sur au moins une face principale de l'élément extrudé et au plus sur une tranche de cet élément, enrouler un complexe à base de l'élément extrudé précité, sous forme d'une structure présentant sur des faces différentes de ses tranches, des prises de contact électrique respectivement avec deux électrodes, et opérer une métallisation sur ces faces de la tranche de la structure. The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a multilayer electrochemical assembly comprising the steps of co-extruding an element comprising an electrolyte film (10) based on an ionically conductive polymer and at least one electrode film (70, 80), in a die such that the electrode is accessible on at least one main face of the extruded element and at most on one slice of this element, winding a complex based on the aforementioned extruded element, in the form of a structure having on different faces of its edges, electrical contact points respectively with two electrodes, and performing a metallization on these faces of the edge of the structure.

Patent FR2442513B1

Polymer binder for electrode

Binder for electrode of electrochemical system contains at least two polymers capable of forming, after mixing, a complex which can be identified by its physico-chemical properties. Also claimed are a method for making the electrode and an electrochemical system containing the electrode. Two polymers are equipped with functional groups of opposite polarities, one being acidic and the other basic, claimed polymer pairings being polyethyleneimine and carboxymethyl cellulose, and poly(meth)acrylic acid and ethylene poly-oxide or polyacrylamide. The polymers are mixed in non-stoichiometric proportions. Method for making electrode comprises, during a first step, making a paste from active material and binder, during which step the two polymers in the binder are mixed in a solvent such as water, an alcohol, an amine, or N-methyl pyrrolidone; and then adding an anti-precipitant such as acetone or triethylamine if the complex formed is not soluble in the solvent.

Compositions containing oxygenated groups used in preparation of solid electrolytes

L'invention concerne des composés comportant des unités oxyéniques. Ces composés répondent à la formule Io : A - Z - B (Io ) (CF DESSIN DANS BOPI) Elle vise également leur procédé de préparation et leur utilisation en électrochimie.

Patent FR2493607B2

COMPOSITE ANODES AND FLEXIBLE LITHIUM CELLS IN NON-AQUEOUS MEDIA

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING AN ELECTROCHEMICAL ASSEMBLY COMPRISING AN ELECTRODE AND AN ELECTROLYTE AND THE ASSEMBLY PRODUCED THEREBY

Procédé de fabrication d'un ensemble électrochimique comprenant une électrode positive et un électrolyte, ensemble électrochimique ainsi réalisé. Ce procédé consiste essentiellement à effectuer un épandage de l'électrolyte sur l'électrode positive, en utilisant pour cela un solvant qui soit aussi solvant du matériau de l'électrode positive, et en prévoyant que l'électrode positive est au moins partiellement réticulée lors du dépôt de la couche d'électrolyte. Application à la réalisation de générateurs électrochimiques sous la forme de films minces. A method of manufacturing an electrochemical assembly comprising a positive electrode and an electrolyte, which electrochemical assembly thus produced. This process essentially consists in spreading the electrolyte on the positive electrode, using for this a solvent which is also a solvent for the material of the positive electrode, and by providing that the positive electrode is at least partially crosslinked during deposition of the electrolyte layer. Application to the production of electrochemical generators in the form of thin films.

Oxirane and dioxolane copolymers, their preparation process and ionically conductive materials containing them.

The present invention concerns copolymers, a process for their preparation and their use in producing ionic conduction materials. According to the invention, the copolymer consists of monomer units of formula -CH2-O-CHR-CH2-O- (I) and monomer units of formula -CH2-CHR'-O- (II) in which: R is a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a CH3(-O-CH2-CH2)n-O-CH2- radical in which 1 </= n </= 10; R' is an aliphatic radical showing insaturation capable of undergoing polymerization by the radical route and inert in cationic polymerization conditions. Said copolymers can be obtained by cationic polymerization of suitable oxirane and dioxolane. Application in the production of ionic conduction materials.

PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING COLLOIDS OF CATIONIC CONDUCTIVE PERFLUOROUS IONOMERS AND COLLOIDS OBTAINED

NEW ELASTOMERIC MATERIALS WITH ION CONDUCTION

Matériau plastique et élastomère à conduction ionique. Il est constitué par une solution solide d'un sel alcalin M+X- au sein d'un matériau macromoléculaire dérivé de motifs monomères comportant un hétéroatome, notamment d'oxygène ou d'azote, choisis parmi ceux qui donnent lieu à la production de polymères amorphes. Application de ces matériaux à la fabrication de l'électrolyte 2 et, le cas échéant, des électrodes 4 et 6 d'un générateur électrochimique de courant.

Copolymers with redox properties and their use for the preparation of mixed conduction materials.

L'invention concerne des copolymères et leur utilisation pour l'élaboration de matériaux à conduction mixte. Un copolymère de l'invention est un copolymère segmenté constitué essentiellement par des segments organiques A qui ont un nombre i d'extrémités réactives tel que 1 <= i <= 6, et par des segments B qui ont un nombre j d'extrémités réactives tel que 1 <= j <= 6, caractérisé en ce que les segments B présentent des propriétés rédox, que chaque segment A est relié à au moins un segment B par un groupe Y et réciproquement, le groupe Y étant un groupe éther, thioéther, amine secondaire, amine tertiaire, amide secondaire, amide tertiaire, imide, ammonium quaternaire, ou un groupe comportant une liaison carbonecarbone, et en ce que la moyenne molaire pondérée respective de i et de j est supérieure ou égale à 2. Application: générateurs électrochimiques, systèmes électrochromes. The invention relates to copolymers and their use in the production of mixed conduction materials. A copolymer of the invention is a segmented copolymer consisting essentially of organic segments A which have a number i of reactive ends such that 1 <= i <= 6, and of segments B which have a number j of reactive ends such that 1 <= j <= 6, characterized in that the segments B exhibit redox properties, that each segment A is linked to at least one segment B by a group Y and vice versa, the group Y being an ether or thioether group , secondary amine, tertiary amine, secondary amide, tertiary amide, imide, quaternary ammonium, or a group comprising a carbon-carbon bond, and in that the respective weighted molar average of i and of j is greater than or equal to 2. Application: generators electrochemical, electrochromic systems.

SOLID ELECTROLYTE POLYMER CONSTITUTED BY A RETICULATED COPOLYMER

ELECTROLYTE SOLIDE CONSTITUE PAR UN SEL EN SOLUTION DANS UN COPOLYMERE RETICULE A DISTRIBUTION STATISTIQUE. APPLICATION A LA REALISATION D'ACCUMULATEURS ELECTROCHIMIQUES. SOLID ELECTROLYTE CONSTITUTED BY A SALT IN SOLUTION IN A CROSS-LINKED COPOLYMER WITH STATISTICAL DISTRIBUTION. APPLICATION TO THE REALIZATION OF ELECTROCHEMICAL ACCUMULATORS.

Radiation cured solid electrolytes and electrochemical devices employing the same

요약없음 No summary

Polymer solid electrolyte

Thin film lithium polymer battery

A solid state electrochemical cell comprising: (a) an electrolyte comprising a polymeric matrix, an inorganic salt and a solvent; (b) an anode comprising a thin film of lithium metal or an alloy thereof; and (c) a cathode comprising a polymeric matrix, a conductive carbon and a metal salt, M 2 ZO 4 , wherein M is Ag or Cu and Z is W, Mo or Cr.

Solid polymeric electrolyte and electrochemical generators containing it

A solid polymeric electrolyte is constituted by a solid solution of an ionic compound in a cross-linked polyether, wherein this latter is the copolymerization product of a vinyl-ether of formula: R-(O-CH₂-CH₂) n -O-CH=CH₂      (I) wherein: R is the methyl or ethyl radical; and n is an integer comprised within the range of from 1 to 16; with a di-vinyl-ether of formula: CH₂=CH-(O-CH₂-CH₂) m -O-CH=CH₂      (II) wherein: m is an integer comprised within the range of from 1 to 16; with a molar ratio of the di-vinyl-ether (II) to the vinyl-ether (I) comprised within the range of from 1/100 to 10/100; with said polyether having a weight average molecular weight of about 10,000, and a glass transition temperature (T g ) comprised within the range of from -60°C to -80°C. Such a a solid polymeric electrolyte is used in the manufacturing of high-energy-density electrochemical generators.

Lithium cell

Polymer electrolyte composition based upon thiol-ene chemistry

Electrolyte compositions in which a salt is disposed in a thiol-ene matrix. The compositions retain their shape under operating conditions and exhibit an ionic conductivity of at least 1×10 -6 S/cm when measured in the absence of solvent at 25 °C.

Fast cure gel polymer electrolytes

Fast-cure gel polymer electrolytes are prepared by trapping an oligo(alkylene glycol)siloxane or silane in a three dimensional polymer matrix. An ion-conducting phase of the electrolyte contains a siloxane or silane compound and a lithium salt. Such siloxanes or silanes include a silicon or silicon oxide group having four or less substituents that is an oligo(alkylene glycol), or cyclic carbonate moiety.

Depolarizing mixture

A depolarizing mixture for primary and secondary batteries, which contains a compound which contains heteroatoms in its molecule to constitute a polar molecule and functions as a dispersing agent so that both a positive active material and a conductive material can be dispersed uniformly in the mixture.

Polyether­based polymer, ion­conductable polymer composition and electrochemical device prepared by using the same compound

본 발명은 실온 부근에서의 이온 도전율의 향상을 가능하게 하는 폴리에테르계 고분자 화합물, 이를 사용하여 이루어진 이온 전도성 고분자 조성물 및 전기 화학 장치를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 하는 것으로, 상기 목적은 화학식 1로 표시되는 구조 단위와 화학식 2 및/또는 화학식 3으로 표시되는 구조 단위를 갖고, 분자쇄의 각 말단에 중합성 관능기 및/또는 비중합성 관능기를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 폴리에테르계 고분자 화합물을 사용함으로써 달성되는 것을 특징으로 한다. An object of the present invention is to provide a polyether-based high molecular compound, an ion conductive polymer composition and an electrochemical device made using the same, which can improve the ionic conductivity at room temperature. What is achieved by using a polyether polymer compound having a structural unit and a structural unit represented by the formula (2) and / or formula (3) and having a polymerizable functional group and / or a non-polymerizable functional group at each terminal of the molecular chain It features. (화학식 1) (Formula 1) (화학식 2) (Formula 2) (화학식 3) (Formula 3)

Patent FR2527602B1

Multifunctional reactive monomers for safety protection of nonaqueous electrochemical cells

The present invention pertains to non-aqueous electrolytes which comprise (a) one or more solvents; (b) one or more ionic salts; and, (c) a multifunctional monomer comprising two or more unsaturated aliphatic reactive moieties per molecule, which multifuntional monomer is soluble in said one or more solvents, which multifuctional monomer rapidly polymerizes when said electrolyte is heated to an initiation temperature greater than 100° C., thereby increasing said viscosity and internal resistivity of said electrolyte. When incorporated into a nonaqueous electrolyte, the multifunctional reactive monomer improves the safety of electric current producing cells by rapidly polymerizing at elevated temperatures to increase the viscosity and internal resistivity of the electrolyte. The present invention also pertains to electric current producing cells comprising such non-aqueous electrolytes, methods of making such non-aqueous electrolytes and electric current producing cells, and methods for increasing the safety of an electric current producing cell.

Composition for the production of interpenetrating polymer networks

IMPROVEMENTS ON SOLID ELECTROLYTE ELECTROCHEMICAL GENERATORS

Solid electrolyte

A solid electrolyte is prepared by dissolving a solvent and an electrolyte salt in a trifunctional polymer and cross-linking it by irradiation with active radiation and/or heating. The trifunctional polymer is a trifunctional terminal acryloyl-modified alkylene oxide polymer containing a polymer chain expressed by the following general formula (I) as each functional chain; (see fig. I) wherein R' represents a lower alkyl group, R" represents hydrogen or a methyl group and m and n are each independently 0 or an integer of at least 1 and m + n ~ 35, and the amount of the solvent is 220 to 950% (weight) with respect to the trifunctional terminal acryloyl-modified alkylene oxide polymer.

Bis-perhalogenacyl or sulfonyl imides of alkali metals, their solid solutions with plastic material and their use in the production of conducting elements for electrochemical generators.

The invention relates to novel ionic compounds which can be incorporated in polymers whose monomer units include at least one hetroatom, particularly oxygen or nitrogen adapted to form bonds of the donor-acceptor type with the cation of the ionic compound, the solid solutions obtained being utilizable to form the electrolyte of an electrochemical generator. These ionic compounds are represented by the formula (CnX2n+1Y)2N-,M+ in which : X is a halogen, n varies from 1 to 4, Y is a CO or SO2 group and M is an alkali metal.

Wearable battery set

Ion-conductive polymer electrolyte

Ion-conductive polymer electrolytes axe prepared by crosslinking organic compounds of the chemical formulae (I) and (II) to produce organic polymera and introducing soluble electrolytic salt compounds in the organic polymers: Z-[-(CH2-CH(R2)-O-)m-Y]k (I) Z-[-(R1)v-(CH2-CH(R2)-O-)m-Y]k (II) where Z is a residual group of an active-hydrogen-containing compound; R2 is a hydrogen atom, alkyl group or phenyl group; k is an integer from 1 to 12; p is an integer from 1 to 220; m is an integer from 1 to 240, and a proportion of the terminal groups Y are an alkyl group, alkenyl group or aryl group, and the remaining terminal groups Y are polymerizable functional groups. R1 is a group having by the following chemical formula:

Preparation of ion conductive solid electrolyte

An improved ion conductive solid electrolyte favorably emplolyable for an solid electrolyte cell comprises a cured product of an acryloyl-denatured polyalkylene oxide having a molecular weight of 200-3,000 and an inorganic ion salt. Another improved ion conductive solid electrolyte comprises a cured product of an acryloyl-denatured polyalkylene oxide having a molecular weight of 200-3,000, an inorganic ion salt and a polyalkylene glycol.