СПОСОБ УДАРНОГО СЖАТИЯ ТЕЛ МАЛОЙ ПЛОТНОСТИ, СНАРЯД И РЕАКТОР ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ

Изобретение относится к области средств получения высоких динамических давлений и температур и может быть использовано для проведения химических реакций, изменения кристаллической структуры твердых тел при высоком давлении и температуре, в частности для получения искусственных алмазов (алмазного порошка), для сжатия DT-льда с целью получения нейтронного источника, для осуществления инерциального термоядерного синтеза. Снаряд для осуществления способа ударного сжатия тел малой плотности содержит оболочку снаряда 2 и сжимаемое тело 1, установленное в передней части оболочки снаряда. На оболочке снаряда может устанавливаться полый цилиндр 5, к хвосту которого может присоединяться тонкостенный полый цилиндр 7 с болванкой 9. Реактор для осуществления способа ударного сжатия тел малой плотности состоит из реакторной камеры и двух разгонных устройств для снарядов (пушек), смотрящих навстречу друг другу. Внутри реакторной камеры устанавливается пористый слой из пористого металла. Вместо пористого ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ КРИСТАЛЛИЧЕСКИХ АЛМАЗНЫХ ЧАСТИЦ

Изобретение относится к нанотехнологии алмазных частиц, необходимых для финишной шлифовки и полировки различных изделий и для создания биометок. Способ получения кристаллических алмазных частиц включает добавление к порошку наноалмазов, полученных детонационным синтезом, циклоалкана (циклического насыщенного углеводорода) или многоосновного спирта в количестве 5-85 мас. % от веса детонационных наноалмазов, выдержку полученного состава при статическом давлении 5-8 ГПа и температуре 1000-1800°С в течение 5-120 секунд и отделение полученных частиц от графита седиментацией в жидкости. Изобретение позволяет непосредственно получать кристаллические алмазные частицы нужного для финишной обработки и биометок размера в диапазоне 50-500 нм, тем самым исключая необходимость дополнительного их измельчения. 3 з.п. ф-лы, 1 ил., 25 пр.

Способ получения кристаллов безазотного алмаза

Изобретение относится к области получения кристаллов безазотного алмаза, содержащих оптически активные центры SiV, GeV и SnV, для использования в фотонных и оптоэлектронных устройствах. Способ получения кристаллов безазотного алмаза включает воздействие на систему углерод - редкоземельный элемент высоких давления и температуры в области термодинамической стабильности алмаза с использованием редкоземельных металлов в качестве катализаторов, в качестве которых используют один из редкоземельных металлов La, Се, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Sc, Y, при этом в систему дополнительно вводят один или более легирующих элементов IV группы, таких как Si, в виде примеси в графите в количестве порядка 120 млн-1 и/или Ge или Sn в количестве 5-10 вес. % от количества редкоземельного элемента, формирующих оптически активные центры в алмазе при воздействии давления не менее 7,8 ГПа и температуры 2000-2100°С в течение не менее 1 ч. Технический результат - получение бесцветных алмазов в ...

СПОСОБ УДАРНОГО СЖАТИЯ ТЕЛ МАЛОЙ ПЛОТНОСТИ, СНАРЯД И РЕАКТОР ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ

... 1. Снаряд для ударного сжатия тел малой плотности, содержащий оболочку снаряда и сжимаемое тело, установленное в передней части оболочки снаряда, отличающийся тем, что сжимаемое тело имеет коническую форму с закругленной вершиной, смотрящей в сторону хвоста снаряда, или параболическую форму с вершиной, смотрящей в сторону хвоста снаряда, или цилиндрическую форму с плоским или с закругленным или с параболическим задним краем; оболочка снаряда имеет усеченную коническую форму с плоским большим основанием конуса в хвостовой части снаряда, или усеченную коническую форму с закругленной или с параболической задней частью, или усеченную коническую переднюю часть, переходящую сзади в цилиндрическую с плоским или с закругленным или с параболическим задним краем, или цилиндрическую форму с плоским или с закругленным или с параболическим задним краем, и имеет спереди полость в форме, повторяющей форму сжимаемого тела, для установки в нее сжимаемого тела; передний торец сжимаемого тела лежит в одной ...

Methanol process

A process is described for the synthesis of methanol comprising the steps of: (i) passing a first synthesis gas mixture comprising a make-up gas through a first synthesis reactor containing a cooled methanol synthesis catalyst to form a first product gas stream, (ii) recovering methanol from the first product gas stream thereby forming a first methanol- depleted gas mixture, (iii) combining the first methanol-depleted gas mixture with a loop recycle gas stream to form a second synthesis gas mixture, (iv) passing the second synthesis gas mixture through a second synthesis reactor containing a cooled methanol synthesis catalyst to form a second product gas stream, (v) recovering methanol from the second product gas stream thereby forming a second methanol-depleted gas mixture, and (vi) using at least part of the second methanol-depleted gas mixture as the loop recycle gas stream, wherein the first synthesis reactor has a higher heat transfer per cubic metre of catalyst than the second synthesis ...

METHOD OF PRODUCING METHANOL

Methanol process

A process is described for the synthesis of methanol comprising the steps of: (i) passing a first synthesis gas mixture comprising a make-up gas through a first synthesis reactor containing a cooled methanol synthesis catalyst to form a first product gas stream, (ii) recovering methanol from the first product gas stream thereby forming a first methanol-depleted gas mixture, (iii) combining the first methanol-depleted gas mixture with a loop recycle gas stream to form a second synthesis gas mixture, (iv) passing the second synthesis gas mixture through a second synthesis reactor containing a cooled methanol synthesis catalyst to form a second product gas stream, (v) recovering methanol from the second product gas stream thereby forming a second methanol-depleted gas mixture, and (vi) using at least part of the second methanol-depleted gas mixture as the loop recycle gas stream, wherein the first synthesis reactor has a higher heat transfer per cubic meter of catalyst than the second synthesis ...

Способ получения легированного монокристалла алмаза

Изобретение относится к получению монокристаллов алмазов, в частности, легированных азотом и фосфором, при высоких давлениях и температурах, которые могут быть использованы в устройствах электроники. Способ выращивания легированных азотом и фосфором монокристаллов алмаза в области высоких давлений 5,5-6,0 ГПа и температур 1600-1750°С осуществляют на затравочном кристалле, который предварительно запрессовывают в подложке из хлорида цезия и отделяют от источника углерода, азота и фосфора металлом-растворителем, в качестве которого используют сплав железа, алюминия и углерода. Между источником углерода, азота и фосфора и затравочным кристаллом создают разность температур 20-50°С. Сплав железа, алюминия и углерода в металле-растворителе берут при следующем соотношении компонентов, вес.%: железо 92,5-95,0; алюминий 2,5-0,5; углерод 5,0-4,0. Смесь источника углерода, азота и фосфора берут при следующем соотношении компонентов, вес.%: углерод (графит) 95,0-97,0; фосфор 5,0-3,0; адсорбированный ...

Methanol process

A process is described for the synthesis of methanol comprising the steps of: (i) passing a first synthesis gas mixture comprising a make-up gas through a first synthesis reactor containing a cooled methanol synthesis catalyst to form a first product gas stream, (ii) recovering methanol from the first product gas stream thereby forming a first methanol- depleted gas mixture, (iii) combining the first methanol-depleted gas mixture with a loop recycle gas stream to form a second synthesis gas mixture, (iv) passing the second synthesis gas mixture through a second synthesis reactor containing a cooled methanol synthesis catalyst to form a second product gas stream, (v) recovering methanol from the second product gas stream thereby forming a second methanol-depleted gas mixture, and (vi) using at least part of the second methanol-depleted gas mixture as the loop recycle gas stream, wherein the first synthesis reactor has a higher heat transfer per cubic metre of catalyst than the second synthesis ...

METHANOL PROCESS

A process is described for the synthesis of methanol comprising the steps of: (i) passing a first synthesis gas mixture comprising a make-up gas through a first synthesis reactor containing a cooled methanol synthesis catalyst to form a first product gas stream, (ii) recovering methanol from the first product gas stream thereby forming a first methanol- depleted gas mixture, (iii) combining the first methanol-depleted gas mixture with a loop recycle gas stream to form a second synthesis gas mixture, (iv) passing the second synthesis gas mixture through a second synthesis reactor containing a cooled methanol synthesis catalyst to form a second product gas stream, (v) recovering methanol from the second product gas stream thereby forming a second methanol-depleted gas mixture, and (vi) using at least part of the second methanol-depleted gas mixture as the loop recycle gas stream, wherein the first synthesis reactor has a higher heat transfer per cubic metre of catalyst than the second synthesis ...

Камера взрывного синтеза

Изобретение относится к устройствам для получения высоких импульсных давлений, а именно, взрывным камерам, предназначенным для локализации взрыва при проведении синтеза материалов и проведении исследовательских работ. Камера содержит цилиндрический корпус 1 и плоские крышки 2, корпус 1 установлен в пазах крышек 2, соответствующих диаметру корпуса 1, крышки 2 стянуты между собой шпильками 3, установленными вдоль наружной поверхности корпуса 1, при этом размер шпилек 3 и их количество удовлетворяет условию работы в пределах условного предела текучести материала шпилек, представляющего собой напряжения в рамках остаточной деформации 0,2%. Корпус 1 выполнен в виде обечайки, соединенной продольно по шву методом электрошлакового переплава. Техническим результатом является упрощение конструкции камеры с одновременным обеспечением ее надежности и безопасности. 1 з.п. ф-лы, 2 ил.

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ КРИСТАЛЛИЧЕСКИХ АЛМАЗНЫХ ЧАСТИЦ

Assembly for synthesis of a superhard material

Assembly for synthesis of a superhard material

An assembly for High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) synthesis of a superhard material comprising a container 202 and a closure 204, both comprising the first metal which is sealed to the container 202 using a sealant material 205. The sealant material 205 comprises a second metal and the seal 205 comprises a composition of the first and second metals formable below the melting point of the second metal. The container 202 contains superhard material which may be disposed in a second container 201 and then disposed in the container 202. The first metal can be titanium, zirconium, tantalum or alloys thereof, and the second metal can be copper or alloys thereof. The composition of the seal 205 may comprise TixCuy. Possibly the container 202 may have an opening, a flange 203 around the opening where the sealant 205 is disposed between the flange 203 and closure 204 with the flange 203 being crimped to hold the closure 204 in place. The flange 203 and sealant material 205 may be annular. The ...

Methanol process

Methanol synthesis process comprises the steps of passing make-up gas through a first synthesis reactor 20; recovering methanol from the formed product stream thereby forming a first methanoldepleted gas mixture; passing a combination of the first methanol-depleted gas mixture and a loop recycle gas through a second synthesis reactor 48; recovering methanol from the formed product stream thereby forming a second methanoldepleted gas mixture; using the second methanol-depleted gas mixture as the loop recycle gas; wherein both reactors contain a cooled methanol synthesis catalyst, the first synthesis reactor has a higher heat transfer per cubic meter of catalyst than the second synthesis reactor, none of the loop recycle gas stream is fed to the first synthesis gas mixture and the recycle ratio of the loop recycle gas stream to form the second synthesis gas mixture is in the range 1.1:1 to 6:1. The reactors are preferably tubular converters.

Integrated process for optimum production of para-xylene

A method of producing p-xylene comprising the steps of separating the reformate feed in the reformate splitter to produce a benzene stream, a combined heavy stream, a xylene stream, and a toluene stream, converting the C9+ aromatic hydrocarbons in the presence of a dealkylation catalyst in the dealkylation reactor to produce a dealkylation effluent, separating the dealkylation effluent in the dealkylation splitter to produce a C9 stream and a C10+ stream, reacting the C9 stream, the toluene stream, the benzene stream, and the hydrogen stream in the presence of a transalkylation catalyst in the transalkylation reactor to produce a transalkylation effluent, separating the p-xylenes from the xylene stream in the p-xylene separation unit to produce a p-xylene product and a p-xylene depleted stream, converting the m-xylene and o-xylene in the p-xylene depleted stream in the isomerization unit to produce an isomerization effluent.

High throughput methane pyrolysis reactor for low-cost hydrogen production

A method to decompose a hydrocarbon reactant into a gaseous product and a solid product includes generating a mist of a liquid material within a reactor volume, heating the reactor volume, introducing a hydrocarbon reactant into the reactor volume to produce a solid product and a gaseous product, separating the solid product from the liquid material, removing the solid product and gaseous product from the reactor volume, and recirculating the liquid material be re-introduced to the reactor volume.

Assembly for synthesis of a superhard material

Methanol process

Methanol process

METHOD FOR INJECTING AND DRIVING REACTION OF SUPER-CRITICAL PHASE CARBON DIOXIDE WITHOUT LOSING IT'S PRESSURE

AFFECTING THE THERMOELECTRIC FIGURE OF MERIT (ZT) AND THE POWER FACTOR BY HIGH PRESSURE, HIGH TEMPERATURE SINTERING

A method for increasing the ZT of a semiconductor, involves creating a reaction cell including a semiconductor in a pressure-transmitting medium, exposing the reaction cell to elevated pressure and elevated temperature for a time sufficient to increase the ZT of the semiconductor, and recovering the semiconductor with an increased ZT.

Integrated process for optimum production of para-xylene

A method of producing p-xylene comprising the steps of separating the reformate feed in the reformate splitter to produce a benzene stream, a combined heavy stream, a xylene stream, and a toluene stream, converting the C9+ aromatic hydrocarbons in the presence of a dealkylation catalyst in the dealkylation reactor to produce a dealkylation effluent, separating the dealkylation effluent in the dealkylation splitter to produce a C9 stream and a C10+ stream, reacting the C9 stream, the toluene stream, the benzene stream, and the hydrogen stream in the presence of a transalkylation catalyst in the transalkylation reactor to produce a transalkylation effluent, separating the p-xylenes from the xylene stream in the p-xylene separation unit to produce a p-xylene product and a p-xylene depleted stream, converting the m-xylene and o-xylene in the p-xylene depleted stream in the isomerization unit to produce an isomerization effluent.

AFFECTING THE THERMOELECTRIC FIGURE OF MERIT (ZT) BY HIGH PRESSURE, HIGH TEMPERATURE SINTERING

A method for increasing the ZT of a semiconductor, involves creating a reaction cell including a semiconductor in a pressure-transmitting medium, exposing the reaction cell to elevated pressure and elevated temperature for a time sufficient to increase the ZT of the semiconductor, and recovering the semiconductor with an increased ZT.

AFFECTING THE THERMOELECTRIC FIGURE OF MERIT (ZT) BY HIGH PRESSURE, HIGH TEMPERATURE SINTERING

High throughput methane pyrolysis reactor for low-cost hydrogen production

A system for hydrocarbon decomposition comprising a reactor volume, a mechanism to distribute the liquid catalyst as a liquid mist, a distributor to distribute a hydrocarbon reactant, a heat source, a separator to separate the solid product from the liquid catalyst, a re-circulation path and mechanism to re-circulate the liquid catalyst, and an outlet for at least one gaseous product. A system to distribute a liquid to an enclosed volume as a mist has a plurality of orifices designed to break the liquid into a mist. A method to decompose a hydrocarbon reactant includes generating a mist of a liquid catalyst, heating the reactor volume, introducing a hydrocarbon reactant into the reactor volume to produce a solid product and a gaseous product, separating the solid product from the liquid catalyst, removing the solid and gaseous products from the reactor volume, and recirculating the liquid catalyst to the reactor volume.

High pressure free radical polymerization process with flexible control of molecular weight distribution

Ethylene-based polymer, LDPE, is made in a high pressure polymerization process to comprising at least the step of polymerizing a reaction mixture comprising ethylene, using a reactor configuration comprising (A) at least two reaction zones, a first reaction zone (reaction zone 1) and an i reaction zone (reaction zone i where i>2), (B) at least two ethylene feed streams, each feed stream comprising a percentage of the total make-up ethylene fed to the polymerization process, in which a first ethylene feed stream is sent to reaction zone 1 and a second ethylene feed stream is sent to reaction zone i, and (C) a control system to control the percentage of the total make-up ethylene in the ethylene feed stream sent to reaction zone 1 and the percentage of the total make-up ethylene in the ethylene feed stream sent to reaction zone i.

HIGH THROUGHPUT METHANE PYROLYSIS REACTOR FOR LOW-COST HYDROGEN PRODUCTION

A system for hydrocarbon decomposition comprising a reactor volume, a mechanism to distribute the liquid catalyst as a liquid mist, a distributor to distribute a hydrocarbon reactant, a heat source, a separator to separate the solid product from the liquid catalyst, a re-circulation path and mechanism to re-circulate the liquid catalyst, and an outlet for at least one gaseous product. A system to distribute a liquid to an enclosed volume as a mist has a plurality of orifices designed to break the liquid into a mist. A method to decompose a hydrocarbon reactant includes generating a mist of a liquid catalyst, heating the reactor volume, introducing a hydrocarbon reactant into the reactor volume to produce a solid product and a gaseous product, separating the solid product from the liquid catalyst, removing the solid and gaseous products from the reactor volume, and recirculating the liquid catalyst to the reactor volume.

AFFECTING THE THERMOELECTRIC FIGURE OF MERIT (ZT) BY HIGH PRESSURE, HIGH TEMPERATURE SINTERING

INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR OPTIMUM PRODUCTION OF PARA-XYLENE

A method of producing p-xylene comprising the steps of separating the reformate feed in the reformate splitter to produce a benzene stream, a combined heavy stream, a xylene stream, and a toluene stream, converting the C9+ aromatic hydrocarbons in the presence of a dealkylation catalyst in the dealkylation reactor to produce a dealkylation effluent, separating the dealkylation effluent in the dealkylation splitter to produce a C9 stream and a C10+ stream, reacting the C9 stream, the toluene stream, the benzene stream, and the hydrogen stream in the presence of a transalkylation catalyst in the transalkylation reactor to produce a transalkylation effluent, separating the p-xylenes from the xylene stream in the p-xylene separation unit to produce a p-xylene product and a p-xylene depleted stream, converting the m-xylene and o-xylene in the p-xylene depleted stream in the isomerization unit to produce an isomerization effluent. 1. A system for producing para-xylene (p-xylene) from a reformate feed , the system comprising:a reformate splitter, the reformate splitter configured to separate the reformate feed, wherein the reformate feed comprises aromatic hydrocarbons, wherein the aromatic hydrocarbons are selected from the group consisting of benzene, toluene, mixed xylenes, carbon-nine plus (C9+) aromatic hydrocarbons, and combinations of the same, wherein the reformate splitter produces a light gases stream, a combined heavy stream, a benzene stream, a xylene stream, and toluene stream, wherein the C9 aromatics stream comprises C9 aromatic hydrocarbons, and wherein the xylene stream comprises mixed xylenes, wherein the mixed xylenes comprises p-xylenes, and wherein the mixed light aromatics stream comprises toluene;a dealkylation reactor fluidly connected to the reformate splitter, the dealkylation reactor configured to convert the C9+ aromatic hydrocarbons to carbon-six (C6) to carbon-eight (C8) aromatic hydrocarbons in the presence of a dealkylation catalyst to ...

Portable Powered Paint System

A portable electric powered or pneumatic powered paint system designed to worn in a typical workman's tool belt and thus accompany the painter as he moves from wall to wall and room to room without the restriction of electrical cords plugged into wall outlets or air hoses connected to an air compressor. The electrically powered embodiment of the invention consists of a paint reservoir, an electric paint pump, a power pack of two or more 18 Volt batteries, a paint applicator and associated paint supply tubing for transfer of paint from the reservoir to the paint applicator. The pneumatic embodiment of the invention replaces the electric paint pump and battery power pack with a pressurized air bottle and pressure regulator. Both embodiments of the invention provide the painter with a self-contained powered painting system.

HIGH PRESSURE, FREE RADICAL POLYMERIZATIONS TO PRODUCE ETHYLENE-BASED POLYMERS

A high pressure polymerization to form an ethylene-based polymer, the process comprising the following: polymerizing a reaction mixture comprising ethylene, using a reactor system comprising at least three ethylene-based feed streams and a reactor configuration that comprises at least four reaction zones.

Experimental device for collecting crude hydrocarbon

INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR MAXIMIZING PRODUCTION OF PARA-XYLENE FROM FULL REFORMATE

AFFECTING THE THERMOELECTRIC FIGURE OF MERIT (ZT) BY HIGH PRESSURE, HIGH TEMPERATURE SINTERING

Method of injecting and reacting super-critical phase carbon dioxide without pressure loss

Disclosed is provided a method of injecting and reacting super-critical phase CO2 without pressure loss. The method includes preparing gas phase CO2, producing liquid phase CO2 by pressurizing the prepared gas phase CO2, producing super-critical phase CO2 by adjusting a temperature of the produced liquid phase CO2, filling incompressible fluid in a reactor and an injection line from an injection unit and pressurizing the incompressible fluid, injecting the produced super-critical phase CO2 into the reactor, and controlling a pressure of the injected super-critical phase CO2 by a pressure regulating unit.

METHANOL PROCESS

HIGH PRESSURE, FREE RADICAL POLYMERIZATIONS TO PRODUCE ETHYLENE-BASED POLYMERS

A high pressure polymerization, as described herein, to form an ethylene-based polymer, comprising the following steps: polymerizing a reaction mixture comprising ethylene, using a reactor system comprising at least three ethylene-based feed streams and a reactor configuration that comprises at least four reaction zones, and at least one of the following a) through c), is met: (a) up to 100 wt % of the ethylene stream to the first zone comes from a high pressure recycle, and/or up to 100 wt % of the last ethylene stream to a zone comes from the output from a Primary compressor system; and/or (b) up to 100 wt % of the ethylene stream to first zone comes from the output from a Primary compressor system, and/or up to 100 wt % of the last ethylene stream to a zone comes from a high pressure recycle; and/or (c) the ethylene stream to the first zone, and/or the last ethylene stream to a zone, each comprises a controlled composition; and wherein each ethylene stream to a zone receives an output from two or more cylinders of the last compressor stage of a Hyper compressor system. 1. A high pressure polymerization process to form an ethylene-based polymer , the process comprising at least the following steps:polymerizing a reaction mixture comprising ethylene, using a reactor system comprising at least three ethylene-based feed streams and a reactor configuration that comprises at least four reaction zones, andwherein at least one of the following distributions a) through c), is met:(a) up to 100 wt % of the ethylene-based feed stream to the first reaction zone comes from a high pressure recycle, and/or up to 100 wt % of the last ethylene-based feed stream to a reaction zone comes from the output from a Primary compressor system; and/or(b) up to 100 wt % of the ethylene-based feed stream to first reaction zone comes from the output from a Primary compressor system, and/or up to 100 wt % of the last ethylene-based feed stream to a reaction zone comes from a high pressure ...

INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR OPTIMUM PRODUCTION OF PARA-XYLENE

A method of producing p-xylene comprising the steps of separating the reformate feed in the reformate splitter to produce a benzene stream, a combined heavy stream, a xylene stream, and a toluene stream, converting the C9+ aromatic hydrocarbons in the presence of a dealkylation catalyst in the dealkylation reactor to produce a dealkylation effluent, separating the dealkylation effluent in the dealkylation splitter to produce a C9 stream and a C10+ stream, reacting the C9 stream, the toluene stream, the benzene stream, and the hydrogen stream in the presence of a transalkylation catalyst in the transalkylation reactor to produce a transalkylation effluent, separating the p-xylenes from the xylene stream in the p-xylene separation unit to produce a p-xylene product and a p-xylene depleted stream, converting the m-xylene and o-xylene in the p-xylene depleted stream in the isomerization unit to produce an isomerization effluent. 1. A method of producing para-xylene (p-xylene) , the method comprising the steps of:introducing a reformate feed to reformate splitter, the reformate splitter configured to separate the reformate feed, the reformate feed comprises aromatic hydrocarbons, wherein the aromatic hydrocarbons are selected from the group consisting of benzene, toluene, mixed xylenes, carbon-nine plus (C9+) aromatic hydrocarbons, and combinations of the same;separating the reformate feed in the reformate splitter to produce a light gases stream, a benzene stream, a combined heavy stream, a xylene stream, and a toluene stream, wherein the combined heavy stream comprises C9+ aromatic hydrocarbons, and wherein the xylene stream comprises mixed xylenes, wherein the mixed xylenes comprises p-xylenes, and wherein the toluene stream comprises toluene;introducing the combined heavy stream to a dealkylation reactor;introducing a hydrogen feed to the dealkylation reactor, wherein the hydrogen feed comprises hydrogen gas, wherein the dealkylation reactor is configured to the ...

METHOD OF INJECTING AND REACTING SUPER-CRITICAL PHASE CARBON DIOXIDE WITHOUT PRESSURE LOSS

Disclosed is provided a method of injecting and reacting super-critical phase CO2 without pressure loss. The method includes preparing gas phase CO2, producing liquid phase CO2 by pressurizing the prepared gas phase CO2, producing super-critical phase CO2 by adjusting a temperature of the produced liquid phase CO2, filling incompressible fluid in a reactor and an injection line from an injection unit and pressurizing the incompressible fluid, injecting the produced super-critical phase CO2 into the reactor, and controlling a pressure of the injected super-critical phase CO2 by a pressure regulating unit.

HIGH THROUGHPUT METHANE PYROLYSIS REACTOR FOR LOW-COST HYDROGEN PRODUCTION

A method to decompose a hydrocarbon reactant into a gaseous product and a solid product includes generating a mist of a liquid material within a reactor volume, heating the reactor volume, introducing a hydrocarbon reactant into the reactor volume to produce a solid product and a gaseous product, separating the solid product from the liquid material, removing the solid product and gaseous product from the reactor volume, and recirculating the liquid material be re-introduced to the reactor volume.

Proceso de síntesis de metanol.

SE DESCRIBE UN PROCESO PARA LA SÍNTESIS DE METANOL QUE COMPRENDE LOS PASOS DE: (I) HACER PASAR UNA PRIMERA MEZCLA DE GAS DE SÍNTESIS QUE COMPRENDE UN GAS DE REPOSICIÓN A TRAVÉS DE UN PRIMER REACTOR DE SÍNTESIS QUE CONTIENE UN CATALIZADOR ENFRIADO PARA LA SÍNTESIS DE METANOL PARA FORMAR UNA PRIMERA CORRIENTE DE GAS PRODUCTO; (II) RECUPERAR METANOL DE LA PRIMERA CORRIENTE DE GAS PRODUCTO FORMANDO ASÍ UNA PRIMERA MEZCLA DE GASES EMPOBRECIDA EN METANOL, (III) COMBINAR LA PRIMERA MEZCLA DE GASES EMPOBRECIDA EN METANOL CON UNA CORRIENTE DE GAS DE RECICLO DEL CIRCUITO PARA FORMAR UNA SEGUNDA MEZCLA DE GAS DE SÍNTESIS; (IV) HACER PASAR LA SEGUNDA MEZCLA DE GAS DE SÍNTESIS A TRAVÉS DE UN SEGUNDO REACTOR DE SÍNTESIS QUE CONTIENE UN CATALIZADOR ENFRIADO PARA LA SÍNTESIS DE METANOL PARA FORMAR UNA SEGUNDA CORRIENTE DE GAS PRODUCTO; (V) RECUPERAR METANOL DESDE LA SEGUNDA CORRIENTE DE GAS PRODUCTO FORMANDO ASÍ UNA SEGUNDA MEZCLA DE GASES EMPOBRECIDA EN METANOL, Y (VI) USAR AL MENOS PARTE DE LA SEGUNDA ...

HIGH THROUGHPUT METHANE PYROLYSIS REACTOR FOR LOW-COST HYDROGEN PRODUCTION

An apparatus to decompose a hydrocarbon reactant into a gaseous product and a solid product includes a reactor volume, a reservoir of liquid material, a plurality of nozzles connected to the reservoir of liquid material, the plurality of nozzles configured to distribute the liquid material into the reactor volume from the reservoir as a liquid mist, a gas inlet connected to a hydrocarbon gas source to receive hydrocarbon gas reactant, a distributor connected to the inlet to distribute the hydrocarbon gas reactant into the reactor volume, a heat source located adjacent the reactor volume configured to heat the reactor volume, a separator to separate the solid product from the liquid material, a re-circulation path connected between the reactor volume and the reservoir to re-circulate the liquid material from the reactor volume to the reservoir, a gas outlet connected to the reactor volume configured to outlet hydrogen gas from the reactor volume, and at least one filter connected to the ...

processo de polimerização de radical livre de alta pressão com controle flexível de distribuição de peso molecular

Battery powered portable paint system

A portable electric (battery) powered paint system designed to worn in a typical workman's tool belt and thus accompany the painter as he moves from wall to wall and room to room without the restriction of electrical cords plugged into wall outlets. The invention consists of a paint reservoir, an electric paint pump, a power pack of two or more 18 Volt batteries, a paint applicator and associated paint supply tubing for transfer of paint from the reservoir to the paint applicator. The invention provides the painter with a self-contained powered painting system.

Methanol process

polimerizações de radical livre a alta pressão para produzir polímeros à base de etileno

METHANOL PROCESS

A process is described for the synthesis of methanol comprising the steps of: (i) passing a first synthesis gas mixture comprising a make-up gas through a first synthesis reactor containing a cooled methanol synthesis catalyst to form a first product gas stream, (ii) recovering methanol from the first product gas stream thereby forming a first methanol-depleted gas mixture, (iii) combining the first methanol-depleted gas mixture with a loop recycle gas stream to form a second synthesis gas mixture, (iv) passing the second synthesis gas mixture through a second synthesis reactor containing a cooled methanol synthesis catalyst to form a second product gas stream, (v) recovering methanol from the second product gas stream thereby forming a second methanol-depleted gas mixture, and (vi) using at least part of the second methanol-depleted gas mixture as the loop recycle gas stream, wherein the first synthesis reactor has a higher heat transfer per cubic metre of catalyst than the second synthesis reactor, none of the loop recycle gas stream is fed to the first synthesis gas mixture and the recycle ratio of the loop recycle gas stream to form the second synthesis gas mixture is in the range 1.1:1 to 6:1. 1. A process for synthesizing methanol comprising the steps of:(i) passing a first synthesis gas mixture comprising a make-up gas through a first synthesis reactor containing a first cooled methanol synthesis catalyst to form a first product gas stream,(ii) recovering methanol from the first product gas stream to form a first methanol-depleted gas mixture,(iii) combining the first methanol-depleted gas mixture with a loop recycle gas stream to form a second synthesis gas mixture,(iv) passing the second synthesis gas mixture through a second synthesis reactor containing a second cooled methanol synthesis catalyst to form a second product gas stream,(v) recovering methanol from the second product gas stream to form a second methanol-depleted gas mixture, and(vi) using at ...

ASSEMBLY FOR SYNTHESIS OF A SUPERHARD MATERIAL

An assembly for High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) synthesis of a superhard material. The assembly comprises a container comprising a first metal. A closure also comprising the first metal is sealed to the container using a sealant material. The sealant material comprises a second metal, the seal comprising a composition of the first and second metals formable below the melting point of the second metal. The container contains superhard material. 1. An assembly for High Pressure High Temperature , HPHT , synthesis of a superhard material , the assembly comprising:a container comprising a first metal;a closure comprising the first metal and sealed to the container using a sealant material, the sealant material comprising a second metal, the seal comprising a composition of the first and second metals formable below the melting point of the second metalwherein the container contains superhard material.2. The assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the superhard material is disposed in a second container claim 1 , and the second container is disposed in the container.3. The assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the first metal is selected from any of titanium claim 1 , zirconium claim 1 , tantalum and alloys thereof.4. The assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the second metal is selected from any of copper and alloys thereof.5. The assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the first metal comprises titanium claim 1 , the second metal comprises copper claim 1 , and the composition comprises TiCu.6. The assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the container comprises:an opening for receiving the superhard material;a flange disposed around the opening;wherein the sealant material is disposed between the flange and the closure; andthe flange is crimped to hold the closure in place.7. The assembly according to claim 6 , wherein the flange and the sealant material each have an annular shape.8. The assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the superhard material comprises ...

Catalyst for preparing lactic acid in highly selective manner

Portable powered paint system

A portable electric powered or pneumatic powered paint system designed to worn in a typical workman's tool belt and thus accompany the painter as he moves from wall to wall and room to room without the restriction of electrical cords plugged into wall outlets or air hoses connected to an air compressor. The electrically powered embodiment of the invention consists of a paint reservoir, an electric paint pump, a power pack of two or more 18 Volt batteries, a paint applicator and associated paint supply tubing for transfer of paint from the reservoir to the paint applicator. The pneumatic embodiment of the invention replaces the electric paint pump and battery power pack with a pressurized air bottle and pressure regulator. Both embodiments of the invention provide the painter with a self-contained powered painting system.

High throughput methane pyrolysis reactor for low-cost hydrogen production

An apparatus to decompose a hydrocarbon reactant into a gaseous product and a solid product includes a reactor volume, a reservoir of liquid material, a plurality of nozzles connected to the reservoir of liquid material, the plurality of nozzles configured to distribute the liquid material into the reactor volume from the reservoir as a liquid mist, a gas inlet connected to a hydrocarbon gas source to receive hydrocarbon gas reactant, a distributor connected to the inlet to distribute the hydrocarbon gas reactant into the reactor volume, a heat source located adjacent the reactor volume configured to heat the reactor volume, a separator to separate the solid product from the liquid material, a re-circulation path connected between the reactor volume and the reservoir to re-circulate the liquid material from the reactor volume to the reservoir, a gas outlet connected to the reactor volume configured to outlet hydrogen gas from the reactor volume, and at least one filter connected to the ...

High pressure, free radical polymerizations to produce ethylene-based polymers

A high pressure polymerization, as described herein, to form an ethylene-based polymer, comprising the following steps: polymerizing a reaction mixture comprising ethylene, using a reactor system comprising at least three ethylene-based feed streams and a reactor configuration that comprises at least four reaction zones, and at least one of the following a) through c), is met: (a) up to 100 wt % of the ethylene stream to the first zone comes from a high pressure recycle, and/or up to 100 wt % of the last ethylene stream to a zone comes from the output from a Primary compressor system; and/or (b) up to 100 wt % of the ethylene stream to first zone comes from the output from a Primary compressor system, and/or up to 100 wt % of the last ethylene stream to a zone comes from a high pressure recycle; and/or (c) the ethylene stream to the first zone, and/or the last ethylene stream to a zone, each comprises a controlled composition; and wherein each ethylene stream to a zone receives an output ...

Hinge beam assembly and novel synthesis press

High pressure, free radical polymerizations to produce ethylene-based polymers

Polycrystalline diamond compacts including at least one transition layer and methods for stress management in polycrsystalline diamond compacts

Embodiments relate to polycrystalline diamond compacts (“PDCs”) that are less susceptible to liquid metal embrittlement damage due to the use of at least one transition layer between a polycrystalline diamond (“PCD”) layer and a substrate. In an embodiment, a PDC includes a PCD layer, a cemented carbide substrate, and at least one transition layer bonded to the substrate and the PCD layer. The at least one transition layer is formulated with a coefficient of thermal expansion (“CTE”) that is less than a CTE of the substrate and greater than a CTE of the PCD layer. At least a portion of the PCD layer includes diamond grains defining interstitial regions and a metal-solvent catalyst occupying at least a portion of the interstitial regions. The diamond grains and the catalyst collectively exhibit a coercivity of about 115 Oersteds or more and a specific magnetic saturation of about 15 Gauss·cm 3 /grams or less.

Method for making low stress pdc

A method for making PDC with excellent abrasion resistance at high pressure in a single HPHT step without introducing high residual internal stress. In one aspect of the method, the diamond mass is subjected to an initial high pressure to compact the mass. The initial pressure is then lowered to a second pressure prior to the application of heat to the reaction cell. In another aspect, the diamond mass is subjected to an initial pressure to compact the mass, followed by raising the temperature to melt the sintering aid. The initial pressure is then lowered to a second pressure prior to lowering the temperature below the melting point of the sintering aid.

Polycrystalline compacts including grains of hard material, earth-boring tools including such compacts, and methods of forming such compacts and tools

Polycrystalline compacts include a polycrystalline superabrasive material comprising a first plurality of grains of superabrasive material having a first average grain size and a second plurality of grains of superabrasive material having a second average grain size smaller than the first average grain size. The first plurality of grains is dispersed within a substantially continuous matrix of the second plurality of grains. Earth-boring tools may include a body and at least one polycrystalline compact attached thereto. Methods of forming polycrystalline compacts may include coating relatively larger grains of superabrasive material with relatively smaller grains of superabrasive material, forming a green structure comprising the coated grains, and sintering the green structure. Other methods include mixing diamond grains with a catalyst and subjecting the mixture to a pressure greater than about five gigapascals (5.0 GPa) and a temperature greater than about 1,300° C. to form a polycrystalline diamond compact.

Manufacture of thermally stable cutting elements

A method of forming a thermally stable cutting element that includes disposing at least a portion of a polycrystalline abrasive body containing a catalyzing material to be leached into a leaching agent; and subjecting the polycrystalline abrasive object to an elevated temperature and pressure is disclosed. Thermally stable cutting elements and systems and other methods for forming thermally stable cutting elements are also disclosed.

Cubic boron nitride crystal, bodies comprising same and tools comprising same

A cubic boron nitride (cBN) crystal or plurality of crystals containing a chloride salt compound including an alkali metal or an alkali earth metal. For example, the chloride salt compound may be selected from potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, lithium chloride, calcium chloride or sodium chloride. The crystal or crystals may have a relatively rough surface texture.

POLYCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND TABLES AND COMPACTS AND RELATED METHODS

In an embodiment, a polycrystalline diamond table includes a plurality of bonded diamond grains and a plurality of interstitial regions defined by the plurality of bonded diamond grains. The polycrystalline diamond table may be at least partially leached such that at least a portion of at least one interstitial constituent has been removed from at least a portion of the plurality of interstitial regions by exposure to a leaching agent. The leaching agent may include a mixture having a ratio of weight % hydrofluoric acid to weight % nitric acid of about 1.0 to about 2.4, and water in a concentration of about 50 weight % to about 85 weight %. Various other materials, articles, and methods are also disclosed. 1. A polycrystalline diamond body produced by a process comprising:providing a polycrystalline diamond body including bonded diamond grains defining interstitial regions comprising at least one interstitial constituent disposed in the interstitial regions; a ratio of weight % hydrofluoric acid to weight % nitric acid of about 1.0 to about 2.4; and', 'water in a concentration of about 50 weight % to about 85 weight %; and, 'at least partially leaching the polycrystalline diamond body with a leaching agent comprising a mixture havingproducing an at least partially leached polycrystalline diamond body by removing at least a portion the at least one interstitial constituent from the polycrystalline diamond table.2. The polycrystalline diamond table of claim 1 , the process further comprising removing substantially all of the at least one interstitial constituent from the polycrystalline diamond body.3. The polycrystalline diamond body of claim 1 , wherein providing a polycrystalline diamond body including bonded diamond grains comprises providing a polycrystalline diamond compact including a polycrystalline diamond table bonded to a substrate.4. The polycrystalline diamond body of claim 3 , the process further comprising claim 3 , after the at least partially leaching ...

METHOD FOR OBTAINING SYNTHETIC DIAMONDS FROM SACCHAROSE AND AN EQUIPMENT FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD

The invention relates to a method for obtaining synthetic diamonds from sucrose, and to a device for carrying out said method, the method comprising: introducing sucrose or a solution of water and sucrose into a hermetic capsule without air, which is surrounded by an external container that keeps the volume of the capsule constant during the entire process; increasing the pressure inside the capsule by breaking down the sucrose inside the capsule, either by increasing the temperature or by combining the sucrose with sulfuric acid, until the carbon resulting from said pressure conditions of the capsule is transformed into diamond; and controlling the pressure generated inside the capsule, using containing means that apply pressure externally around the container of the capsule. In addition, extra carbon is added, increasing the dimensions of the diamond. 1. A method for obtaining synthetic diamonds from saccharose , comprising:introducing saccharose in a watertight capsule and without air surrounded by an external container maintaining volume of the capsule constant during the whole process;increasing the pressure within the capsule by the decomposition of saccharose inside the capsule until carbon resulting from these pressure conditions within the capsule turns into diamond;controlling pressure generated within the capsule by externally applying pressure around the container of the capsule.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the decomposition of saccharose for causing a pressure increase is achieved by increasing the temperature of the capsule until the saccharose hosed inside decomposes by pyrolysis into hydrogen claim 1 , oxygen and carbon claim 1 , and causing the hydrogen and oxygen to react for providing supercritical water that further increases the pressure within the capsule in order for the carbon resulting from those pressure conditions in the capsule to transform into diamond claim 1 , and the supercritical water dissolves the debris existing in ...

Composite polycrystal

A composite polycrystal contains polycrystalline diamond formed of diamond grains that are directly bonded mutually, and compressed graphite dispersed in the polycrystalline diamond.

METHOD OF MAKING A THERMALLY STABLE POLYCRYSTALLINE SUPER HARD CONSTRUCTION

A method of making a thermally stable polycrystalline super hard construction having a plurality of interbonded super hard grains and interstitial regions disposed therebetween to form a polycrystalline super hard construction having a first thermally stable region and a second region, the first thermally stable region forming at least part of a working surface of the construction, comprises treating the polycrystalline super hard material with a leaching mixture to remove non-super hard phase material from a number of interstitial regions in the first region. The step of treating comprises masking the polycrystalline super hard construction along at least a portion of the peripheral side surface up to and/or at the working surface to inhibit penetration of the leaching mixture into the super hard construction through a peripheral side surface of the super hard construction. 1. A method of making a thermally stable polycrystalline super hard construction comprising a plurality of interbonded super hard grains and interstitial regions disposed therebetween to form a polycrystalline super hard construction having a first thermally stable region and a second region , the first thermally stable region forming at least part of a working surface of the construction , the method comprising:treating the polycrystalline super hard material with a leaching mixture to remove non-super hard phase material from a number of interstitial regions in the first region;the step of treating comprising masking the polycrystalline super hard construction along at least a portion of the peripheral side surface up to and/or at the working surface to inhibit penetration of the leaching mixture into the super hard construction through a peripheral side surface of the super hard construction, the chamfer spacing the working surface from the peripheral side surface.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of removing non-super hard phase material from the interstitial regions in the first ...

Polycrystalline diamond materials having improved abrasion resistance, thermal stability and impact resistance

PCD materials comprise a diamond body having bonded diamond crystals and interstitial regions disposed among the crystals. The diamond body is formed from diamond grains and a catalyst material at high pressure/high temperature conditions. The diamond grains have an average particle size of about 0.03 mm or greater. At least a portion of the diamond body has a high diamond volume content of greater than about 93 percent by volume. The entire diamond body can comprise high volume content diamond or a region of the diamond body can comprise the high volume content diamond. The diamond body includes a working surface, a first region substantially free of the catalyst material, and a second region that includes the catalyst material. At least a portion of the first region extends from the working surface to depth of from about 0.01 to about 0.1 mm.

Molecularly doped nanodiamond

A method of making molecularly doped nanodiamond. A versatile method for doping diamond by adding dopants into a carbon precursor and producing diamond at high pressure, high temperature conditions. Molecularly doped nanodiamonds that have direct incorporation of dopants and therefore without the need for ion implantation. Molecularly-doped diamonds that have fewer lattice defects than those made with ion implantation. 1. A molecularly doped nanodiamond made from the steps comprising:adding a dopant to a sol-gel precursor;synthesizing via sol-gel synthesis an amorphous carbon aerogel comprising an open pore network;drying the amorphous carbon aerogel;sintering the amorphous carbon aerogel;preserving the open pore network;loading the amorphous carbon aerogel into a diamond anvil cell;forming a sealed chamber around the amorphous carbon aerogel;flowing a noble gas into the sealed chamber;liquefying the noble gas by condensation;allowing the liquefied noble gas to fill the open pore network of the doped amorphous carbon aerogel;generating noble gas defects within the doped amorphous carbon aerogel;without using ion implantation;pressurizing the diamond anvil cell;heating the doped amorphous carbon aerogel incorporating the noble gas dopants; andtransforming the doped amorphous carbon aerogel incorporating the noble gas dopants into molecularly doped nanodiamond incorporating the noble gas dopants.2. The molecularly doped nanodiamond ofwherein the noble gas is one selected from the group consisting of Ar, Kr, Xe, and Ne.3. The molecularly doped nanodiamond of wherein the step of liquefying the noble gas by condensation comprises condensing the noble gas with liquid nitrogen or cryogen.4. The molecularly doped nanodiamond of wherein the step of pressurizing the diamond anvil cell comprises pressures ≥20 Gpa and wherein the step of heating the doped amorphous carbon aerogel comprises temperatures ≥2000K.5. A molecularly doped nanodiamond comprising:an amorphous carbon ...

SUPERHARD CONSTRUCTIONS AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME

A superhard polycrystalline construction () comprises a first region () comprising a body of thermally stable polycrystalline superhard material having an exposed surface forming a working surface (), and a peripheral side edge (), a second region () forming a substrate to the first region, and a third region () at least partially interposed between the first and second regions wherein the third region comprises a material more acid resistant than polycrystalline diamond material having a binder-catalyst phase comprising cobalt, and/or more acid resistant than cemented carbide material. 1. A superhard polycrystalline construction comprising:a first region comprising a body of thermally stable polycrystalline superhard material having an exposed surface forming a working surface, and a peripheral side edge;a second region forming a substrate to the first region; anda third region at least partially interposed between the first and second regions; wherein:the third region comprises a material more acid resistant than polycrystalline diamond material having a binder-catalyst phase comprising cobalt, and/or more acid resistant than cemented carbide material.2. The super hard polycrystalline construction as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the third region extends to and forms part of the working surface.3. The superhard polycrystalline construction of any one of the preceding claims claim 1 , wherein the material of the third region has a fracture toughness of between around 4 MPa√m to around 15 MPa√m.4. The superhard polycrystalline construction of any one of the preceding claims claim 1 , wherein the third region has an outer peripheral surface claim 1 , the first region extending around at least a portion of the peripheral outer surface of the third region.5. The super hard polycrystalline construction as claimed in any one of the preceding claims claim 1 , wherein the first region comprises one or more segments located in one or more recesses in the third region.6. The ...

BINDERS FOR MILLING TOOLS USING WURTZITE BORON NITRIDE (W-BN) SUPERHARD MATERIAL

Systems and methods include a computer-implemented method for manufacturing a binder for spraying onto tools. A binder is manufactured for binding compacts onto a tool substrate. The binder is designed to provide a coating strength on the tool substrate. The binder includes: a metal selected from iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), and nickel (Ni); an alloy including the metal selected from Fe, Co, and Ni; or a refractory alloy selected from tungsten, tantalum (Ta), molybdenum (Mo), and niobium (Nb). An ultra-high-pressure, high-temperature operation is performed on pure wurtzite boron nitride (w-BN) powder to synthesize w-BN and cubic boron nitride (c-BN) compact. A binder-compact mixture is produced by turbulently mixing the binder with the compact in a mixer within a vacuum. The binder-compact mixture is thermally sprayed onto a tool substrate to coat the tool. 1. A computer-implemented method to form a tool for oil and gas application , the method comprising: a metal selected from iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), and nickel (Ni);', 'an alloy including the metal selected from Fe, Co, and Ni; or', 'a refractory alloy selected from tungsten (W), tantalum (Ta), molybdenum (Mo), and niobium (Nb);, 'manufacturing a binder for binding compacts onto a tool substrate and providing a coating strength on the tool substrate, the binder comprisingperforming an ultra-high-pressure, high-temperature operation on pure wurtzite boron nitride (w-BN) powder to synthesize w-BN and cubic boron nitride (c-BN) compact;producing a binder-compact mixture by turbulently mixing the binder with the compact in a mixer within a vacuum; andthermally spraying the binder-compact mixture onto a tool substrate to coat the tool.2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein the binder comprises an active brazing alloy (ABA) used for coating ultra-strong polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutters claim 1 , wherein active metal brazing using the ABA bonds superhard PDC cutting materials directly to tungsten ...

METHOD OF INJECTING AND REACTING SUPER-CRITICAL PHASE CARBON DIOXIDE WITHOUT PRESSURE LOSS

Disclosed is provided a method of injecting and reacting super-critical phase COwithout pressure loss. The method includes preparing gas phase CO, producing liquid phase COby pressurizing the prepared gas phase CO, producing super-critical phase COby adjusting a temperature of the produced liquid phase CO, filling incompressible fluid in a reactor and an injection line from an injection unit and pressurizing the incompressible fluid, injecting the produced super-critical phase COinto the reactor, and controlling a pressure of the injected super-critical phase COby a pressure regulating unit.

Cutting elements formed using liquid hydrocarbons and hydrated hydrocarbons, and earth-boring tools comprising such cutting elements

Methods of forming polycrystalline diamond include encapsulating diamond particles and a hydrocarbon substance in a canister, and subjecting the encapsulated diamond particles and hydrocarbon substance to a pressure and a temperature sufficient to form inter-granular bonds between the diamond particles. Cutting elements for use in an earth-boring tool includes a polycrystalline diamond material formed by such processes. Earth-boring tools include such cutting elements.

A Process for Producing Hydrogen and Graphitic Carbon from Hydrocarbons

In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a process for producing hydrogen and graphitic carbon from a hydrocarbon gas comprising: contacting at a temperature between 600° C. and 1000° C. the catalyst with the hydrocarbon gas to catalytically convert at least a portion of the hydrocarbon gas to hydrogen and graphitic carbon, wherein the catalyst is a low grade iron oxide. 1. A process for producing hydrogen and graphitic carbon from a hydrocarbon gas comprising:contacting at a temperature between 600° C. and 1000° C. the catalyst with the hydrocarbon gas to catalytically convert at least a portion of the hydrocarbon gas to hydrogen and graphitic carbon, wherein the catalyst is a low grade iron oxide.2. A process for producing hydrogen and graphitic carbon according to claim 1 , wherein the pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure.3. A process for producing hydrogen and graphitic carbon according to claim 1 , wherein the pressure is 0 bar to 100 bar.4. A process for producing hydrogen and graphitic carbon according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature is between 700° C. and 950° C.5. A process for producing hydrogen and graphitic carbon according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature is between 800° C. and 900° C.6. A process for producing hydrogen and graphitic carbon according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature is between 650° C. and 750° C.7. A process for producing hydrogen and graphitic carbon according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon gas is methane.8. A process for producing hydrogen and graphitic carbon according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon gas is natural gas.9. A process for producing hydrogen and graphitic carbon according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , the contacting the catalyst with the hydrocarbon gas is performed in a plurality of pressurized reactors arranged in series.10. A process for producing hydrogen and graphitic carbon according to claim 1 , wherein the arrangement of the reactors in series allows gas to ...

SUPERHARD PCD CONSTRUCTIONS AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME

A polycrystalline super hard construction comprises a body of polycrystalline diamond (PCD) material and a plurality of interstitial regions between inter-bonded diamond grains forming the polycrystalline diamond material. The body of PCD material comprises a working surface positioned along an outside portion of the body, and a first region adjacent the working surface, the first region being a thermally stable region. The first region and/or a further region and/or the body of PCD material has/have an average oxygen content of less than around 300 ppm. A method of forming such a construction is also disclosed. 1. A polycrystalline super hard construction comprising a body of polycrystalline diamond (PCD) material and a plurality of interstitial regions between inter-bonded diamond grains forming the polycrystalline diamond material; the body of PCD material comprising:a working surface positioned along an outside portion of the body;a first region adjacent the working surface, the first region being a thermally stable region; whereinthe first region and/or a further region and/or the body of PCD material has/have an average oxygen content of less than around 300 ppm.2. The polycrystalline super hard construction of claim 1 , wherein the first region is substantially free of a solvent/catalysing material for diamond.3. The polycrystalline super hard construction of claim 1 , further comprising the further region claim 1 , the further region being remote from the working surface and comprising solvent/catalysing material in a plurality of the interstitial regions; wherein the oxygen content of the further region is less than around 300 ppm.4. The polycrystalline super hard construction of claim 1 , wherein the thermally stable region and/or a further region and/or the body of PCD material has/have an average oxygen content of between around 10 ppm to around 300 ppm.5. The polycrystalline super hard construction of claim 1 , wherein the thermally stable region and/or ...

Reactor for Hydrothermal Growth of Structured Materials

Design, fabrication, and usage of a reactor are presented for synthesis of structured materials from a liquid-phase precursor by heating. The structured materials are particles, membranes or films of micro-porous molecular sieve crystals such as zeolite and meso-porous materials. The precursor solution and structured materials in the reactor are uniformly heated by a planar heater with characteristic heat transfer dimension in the range of 3 mm to 10 cm. A planar heater having width and length at least three times of the characteristic heat transfer dimension provides at least one surface of uniform temperature distribution for heating purposes. Heating is conducted over a temperature range of 20 to 300° C. The planar heater can be heated by electrical power of by thermal fluid.

Method for Preparing Ethylene Vinylacetate Copolymer

The present invention relates to a method for preparing ethylene vinylacetate copolymer that can improve the mechanical strength of copolymer by controlling the polymerization conditions using an autoclave reactor. 1. A method for preparing ethylene vinylacetate copolymer comprising:polymerizing ethylene monomers and vinylacetate monomers in an autoclave reactor, in the presence of an initiator,wherein a temperature of an upper stage of the autoclave reactor during the polymerizing step is 130 to 160° C.,a temperature of a lower stage of the autoclave reactor during the polymerizing is 170 to 230° C., anda pressure of the autoclave reactor is 1800 to 2100 bar.2. The method for preparing ethylene vinylacetate copolymer according to claim 1 , wherein a number average molecular weight(Mn) of the ethylene vinylacetate copolymer is 14 claim 1 ,000 to 19 claim 1 ,500 g/mol.3. The method for preparing ethylene vinylacetate copolymer according to claim 1 , wherein the ethylene vinylacetate copolymer has a content of long chain branches of 0.1 to 2 per a carbon number of 1 claim 1 ,000.4. The method for preparing ethylene vinylacetate copolymer according to claim 1 , wherein the initiator includes a low temperature initiator and a high temperature initiator.5. The method for preparing ethylene vinylacetate copolymer according to claim 4 , wherein the low temperature initiator and the high temperature initiator are included at a weight ratio of 5:95 to 90:10.6. The method for preparing ethylene vinylacetate copolymer according to claim 4 , wherein the low temperature initiator includes one or more of DIPND(1 claim 4 ,4-di(2-neodecanoylperoxyisopropyl)benzene) claim 4 , CUPND(Cumylperoxy neodecanoate) claim 4 , SBPC(Di(sec-butyl) peroxydicarbonate) claim 4 , NBPC(Di(n-butyl)peroxydicarbonate) claim 4 , EHP(Di(2-ethylhexyl) peroxydicarbonate) claim 4 , TAPND(Tert-amylperoxyneodecanoate) or TBPND(Tert-butyl peroxyneodecanoate).7. The method for preparing ethylene vinylacetate ...

CUTTING ELEMENTS, METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH CUTTING ELEMENTS, AND TOOLS INCORPORATING SUCH CUTTING ELEMENTS

The present disclosure relates to cutting elements incorporating polycrystalline diamond bodies used for subterranean drilling applications, and more particularly, to polycrystalline diamond bodies having a high diamond content which are configured to provide improved properties of thermal stability and wear resistance, while maintaining a desired degree of impact resistance, when compared to prior polycrystalline diamond bodies. In various embodiments disclosed herein, a cutting element with high diamond content includes a modified PCD structure and/or a modified interface (between the PCD body and a substrate), to provide superior performance. 1. A cutting element comprising:a substrate comprising a substrate interface surface; and a diamond interface surface interfacing with the substrate interface surface,', 'a top surface opposite the diamond interface surface;', 'a cutting edge meeting the top surface; and', 'a material microstructure comprising a plurality of bonded-together diamond grains having an average grain size and interstitial regions between the diamond grains, the material microstructure comprising a first layer proximate the cutting edge and a second layer proximate the interface surface,, 'a polycrystalline diamond body formed by sintering at a cold cell pressure greater than 5.4 GPa, the polycrystalline diamond body comprising,'}wherein at least a region of the first layer has a diamond volume fraction, as measured by electron backscatter diffraction, greater than (0.9077)·(the diamond average grain sizê0.0221), with the diamond average grain size provided in microns,wherein the first layer has a diamond average grain size less than 12 microns, andwherein the second layer has a diamond volume fraction that is lower than the diamond volume fraction of the first layer first layer has a different diamond average particle size or diamond particle size distribution than the second layer.2. The cutting element of claim 1 , wherein the second layer has ...

METHOD OF FORMING GRAPHENE MATERIAL BY GRAPHITE EXFOLIATION

A method of producing graphene sheets and plates from graphitic material including (a) mixing graphitic material particles in a liquid medium to form a suspension; (b) compressing the suspension; (c) directing the compressed suspension through a local constriction into an area of reduced pressure to decompress the suspension in less than 2×10second to a pressure less than 20% of the compression pressure, thereby exfoliating graphene sheets and plates from the graphitic material. 1. A method of producing a graphene material from graphitic material particles , the method comprising the steps of:(a) mixing the graphitic material particles in a liquid medium to form a graphite suspension; and(b) exposing said graphite suspension to a compression and explosive decompression treatment, the treatment comprising compressing the graphite suspension to a first pressure, directing the compressed graphite suspension at least once through a local constriction into an area of reduced pressure whereby the graphite suspension is decompressed from the first pressure to a second pressure, thereby expanding the graphitic material particles and exfoliating graphene material from the graphitic material particles to produce graphene material dispersed in said liquid medium.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the graphite suspension is decompressed from the first pressure to the second pressure in less than 2×10second.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first pressure is at least 1000 PSI.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second pressure is less than 20% of the first pressure.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the graphene material produced by the method is graphene sheets claim 1 , graphene plates or a mixture thereof.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the graphite suspension passes through one or more orifices claim 1 , nozzles or apertures in the local constriction.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said liquid medium comprises water claim 1 , organic solvent claim 1 , alcohol ...

SUPERHARD PCD CONSTRUCTIONS AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME

A polycrystalline super hard construction comprises a body of polycrystalline diamond (PCD) material and a plurality of interstitial regions between inter-bonded diamond grains forming the polycrystalline diamond material. The body of PCD material comprises a working surface positioned along an outside portion of the body, and a first region adjacent the working surface, the first region being a thermally stable region. The first region and/or a further region and/or the body of PCD material has/have an average oxygen content of less than around 300 ppm. A method of forming such a construction is also disclosed. 1. A polycrystalline super hard construction comprising a body of polycrystalline diamond (PCD) material and a plurality of interstitial regions between inter-bonded diamond grains forming the polycrystalline diamond material; the body of PCD material comprising:a working surface positioned along an outside portion of the body;a first region adjacent the working surface, the first region being a thermally stable region; whereinthe first region and/or a further region and/or the body of PCD material has/have an average oxygen content of less than around 300 ppm.2. The polycrystalline super hard construction of claim 1 , wherein the first region is substantially free of a solvent/catalysing material for diamond.3. The polycrystalline super hard construction of claim 1 , further comprising the further region claim 1 , the further region being remote from the working surface and comprising solvent/catalysing material in a plurality of the interstitial regions; wherein the oxygen content of the further region is less than around 300 ppm.4. The polycrystalline super hard construction of claim 1 , wherein the thermally stable region and/or a further region and/or the body of PCD material has/have an average oxygen content of between around 10 ppm to around 300 ppm.5. The polycrystalline super hard construction of claim 1 , wherein the thermally stable region and/or ...

BORON DOPED SYNTHETIC DIAMOND ELECTRODES AND MATERIALS

An electrode comprising synthetic high-pressure high-temperature diamond material, the diamond material comprising a substitutional boron concentration of between 1×10and 5×10atoms/cmand a nitrogen concentration of no more than 10atoms/cm. The electrode has a ΔEas measured with respect to a saturated calomel reference electrode in an aqueous solution containing 0.1 M KNOand 1 mM of Ru(NH) selected any of less than 70 mV, less than 68 mV, less than 66 mV, and less than 64 mV, and/or a peak to peak separation ΔEas measured with respect to a saturated calomel reference electrode in an aqueous solution containing 0.1 M KNOand 1 mM of Ru(NH) selected any of less than 70 mV, less than 68 mV, less than 66 mV, and less than 64 mV. 1. An electrode comprising synthetic high-pressure high-temperature diamond material , the synthetic high-pressure high-temperature diamond material comprising:{'sup': 20', '21', '3, 'a substitutional boron concentration of between 1×10and 5×10atoms/cm;'}{'sup': 19', '3, 'a nitrogen concentration of no more than 10atoms/cm; and'} [{'sub': 3/4-1/4', '3', '3', '6, 'sup': '3+', 'a ΔEas measured with respect to a saturated calomel reference electrode in an aqueous solution containing 0.1 M KNOand 1 mM of Ru(NH) selected any of less than 70 mV, less than 68 mV, less than 66 mV, and less than 64 mV; and'}, {'sub': p', '3', '3', '6, 'sup': '3+', 'a peak to peak separation ΔEas measured with respect to a saturated calomel reference electrode in an aqueous solution containing 0.1 M KNOand 1 mM of Ru(NH) selected any of less than 70 mV, less than 68 mV, less than 66 mV, and less than 64 mV.'}], 'wherein the electrode has any of the following characteristics2. The electrode according to claim 1 , wherein an spcarbon content of the electrode is sufficiently low as to not exhibit non-diamond carbon peaks in a Raman spectrum of the electrode.3. The electrode according to claim 1 , wherein the synthetic high-pressure high-temperature diamond material has a boron ...

Diamond tool piece

A high-pressure high-temperature, HPHT, diamond tool piece and a method of producing an HPHT diamond tool piece. At least a portion of the HPHT diamond tool piece comprises an aggregated nitrogen centre to C-nitrogen centre ratio of greater than 30%. The method includes irradiating an HPHTdiamond material to introduce vacancies in the diamond crystal lattice, annealing the HPHT diamond material such that at least a portion of the HPHT diamond material comprises an aggregated nitrogen centre to C-nitrogen centre ratio of greater than 30%,andprocessing the HPHT diamond material to form an HPHT diamond tool piece.

CHEMICAL LOOPING SYSTEMS FOR CONVERSION OF LOW- AND NO-CARBON FUELS TO HYDROGEN

Disclosed herein are systems and methods for producing H2 from low carbon fuels (LCFs) using metal oxides in a chemical looping process. 1. A system for converting a carbon-neutral or low-carbon fuel , the system comprising:a first reactor comprising a plurality of particles in which a primary metal oxide is disposed on a support, and an inlet for providing a carbon-neutral or low-carbon fuel, wherein the first reactor is configured to reduce the primary metal oxide to produce a reduced metal or a reduced metal oxide; and a second reactor configured to oxidize at least a portion of the reduced metal or reduced metal oxide from the first reactor, to regenerate the primary metal oxide.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the fuel is selected from the group consisting of ammonia claim 1 , hydrazine claim 1 , carbohydrazide claim 1 , and hydrogen sulfide.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the fuel is ammonia.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system is configured to operate at a temperature of between 50° C. and 2000° C.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system is configured to operate at a pressure of between 1 atm and 30 atm.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system is configured to operate at a GHSV of between 50 hrand 5000 hr.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first reactor comprises a co-current moving bed reactor claim 1 , a counter-current moving bed reactor claim 1 , a fluidized bed reactor claim 1 , or a fixed bed reactor.8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second reactor comprises a co-current moving bed reactor claim 1 , a counter-current moving bed reactor claim 1 , a fluidized bed reactor claim 1 , or a fixed bed reactor.9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the inlet for the fuel is situated at the top claim 1 , in the middle claim 1 , or at the bottom of the first reactor.10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the primary metal oxide is FeO.11. The system of claim 1 , wherein the support is selected from the group consisting of oxides of Ti ...

High Pressure Homogenizer And Method For Manufacturing Graphene Using The Same

The present invention relates to a high pressure homogenizer and a method for manufacturing graphene using the same, and according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a high pressure homogenizer comprising a channel module which comprises a microchannel through which an object for homogenization passes, wherein the channel module comprises at least one baffle disposed so as to partition the microchannel into a plurality of spaces and the baffle is provided so as to partition the microchannel into two spaces along the width direction or the height direction.

Methods of fabricating a polycrystalline diamond compact

Embodiments relate to polycrystalline diamond compacts (“PDCs”) and methods of manufacturing such PDCs in which an at least partially leached polycrystalline diamond (“PCD”) table is infiltrated with a low viscosity cobalt-based alloy infiltrant. In an embodiment, a method includes forming a PCD table in the presence of a metal-solvent catalyst in a first high-pressure/high-temperature (“HPHT”) process. The method includes at least partially leaching the PCD table to remove at least a portion of the metal-solvent catalyst therefrom to form an at least partially leached PCD table. The method includes subjecting the at least partially leached PCD table and a substrate to a second HPHT process effective to at least partially infiltrate the at least partially leached PCD table with a cobalt-based alloy infiltrant having a composition at or near a eutectic composition of the cobalt-based alloy infiltrant.

METHODS FOR FORMING POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS INCLUDING PROVIDING MATERIAL WITH SUPERABRASIVE GRAINS PRIOR TO HPHT PROCESSING

Grains of superabrasive material may be infiltrated with a molten metal alloy at a relatively low temperature, and the molten metal alloy may be solidified within interstitial spaces between the grains of superabrasive material to form a solid metal alloy having the grains of superabrasive material embedded therein. The solid metal alloy with the grains of superabrasive material embedded therein may be subjected to a high pressure and high temperature process to form a polycrystalline superabrasive material. A polycrystalline superabrasive material also may be formed by depositing material on surfaces of grains of superabrasive material in a chemical vapor infiltration process to form a porous body, which then may be subjected to a high pressure and high temperature process. Polycrystalline compacts and cutting elements including such compacts may be formed using such methods. 1. A method of forming a polycrystalline compact , comprising:depositing a layer of catalyst material on grains of superabrasive material to form a three-dimensional solid porous body, the three-dimensional solid porous body comprising the grains of superabrasive material bonded to one another by the catalyst material deposited thereon and having a shape of the polycrystalline compact to be formed;infiltrating pores of the three-dimensional solid porous body with a molten metal alloy at a temperature of about 1200° C. or less and cooling and solidifying the molten metal alloy within the pores of the three-dimensional solid porous body to form a solid metal alloy within the three-dimensional solid porous body, wherein the grains of superabrasive material within the three-dimensional solid porous body are free of inter-granular bonds directly between the grains of superabrasive material; andsubjecting the three-dimensional solid porous body having the solid metal alloy therein to a high pressure and high temperature process to form inter-granular bonds between the grains of superabrasive ...

Single-crystal diamond and manufacturing method thereof

Single-crystal diamond is composed of carbon in which a concentration of a carbon isotope 12 C is not lower than 99.9 mass % and a plurality of inevitable impurities other than carbon. The inevitable impurities include nitrogen, boron, hydrogen, and nickel, and a total content of nitrogen, boron, and hydrogen of the plurality of inevitable impurities is not higher than 0.01 mass %. In order to manufacture single-crystal diamond, initially, a hydrocarbon gas in which a concentration of the carbon isotope 12 C is not lower than 99.9 mass % is subjected to denitrification.

DENSE PACKING PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION FOR PDC CUTTERS

A superabrasive compact and a method of making the superabrasive compact are disclosed. A method of making a superabrasive compact comprises steps of providing a plurality of superabrasive particles having a particle size distribution with a first ratio (d50)/(d50 principle particles) ranging from about 0.86 to about 0.92; providing a support to the plurality of superabrasive particles; and subjecting the support and the plurality of superabrasive particles to conditions of an elevated temperature and pressure suitable for producing the polycrystalline superabrasive compact. 18-. (canceled)9. A method of making a superabrasive compact , comprising:providing a plurality of superabrasive particles having a broad fine particle distribution with mean particle size d50 ranging from about 12 microns to about 30 microns and having an elongated tail of fine superabrasive particles ranging from about 1 micron to about 9 microns;providing a support to the plurality of superabrasive particles; andsubjecting the support and the plurality of superabrasive particles to conditions of an elevated temperature and pressure suitable for producing the polycrystalline superabrasive compact.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the superabrasive particles are selective from a group consisting cubic boron nitride claim 9 , diamond claim 9 , and diamond composite materials.11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the support is cemented tungsten carbide support.12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the particle size distribution has a first metric (d50)/(d50 principle particles) claim 9 , wherein the first metric is from about 0.86 to about 0.92.13. The method of claim 9 , wherein the particle size distribution has a second metric defined as percentage of volume of crystals greater than (0.5 times the d50) claim 9 , wherein the second metric is from about 86 to about 90.14. The method of claim 9 , wherein the particle size distribution has a third metric defined as percentage of volume less than (0 ...

ULTRAHARD NANOTWINNED BORON NITRIDE BULK MATERIALS AND SYNTHETIC METHOD THEREOF

The invention relates to an ultrahard nanotwinned boron nitride bulk material and synthetic method thereof. Particularly, the invention discloses a nanocrystalline cubic boron nitride bulk material containing high density of twins and synthetic method thereof, in which a nanotwinned boron nitride bulk are synthesized from nanospherical boron nitride particles (preferably with a size of 5-70 nm) with onion-like structure as raw materials by using high temperature and high pressure synthesis. As compared with the prior arts, the nanotwinned boron nitride bulk obtained according to the invention has a much higher hardness than that of a normal cubic boron nitride single crystal. The nanotwinned boron nitride bulk has great prospects in applications, such as precision and ultra-precision machining, abrasives, drawing dies, and special optics as well as other fields. 1. Preparation method for high pressure synthesis of an ultrahard nanotwinned boron nitride bulk material , comprising the following steps:(1) Placing nanospherical BN particles with onion-like structure as raw materials into a mold and pressing them into a preform;(2) Loading the preform into a high pressure synthetic mold, and synthesizing under 4-25 GPa and 1200-2300° C.; and(3) Decompressing and cooling.2. Preparation method according to claim 1 , wherein the Vickers hardness of the nanotwinned boron nitride bulk material is 60-120 GPa.3. Preparation method according to claim 1 , wherein the volume of the ultrahard nanotwinned boron nitride bulk material is 1-2000 mm.4. Preparation method according to claim 1 , wherein the ultrahard nanotwinned boron nitride bulk material comprises high density of twins inside claim 1 , and is a nanocrystal with sphalerite structure and a grain size of 5-100 nm.5. Preparation method according to claim 1 , wherein the particle size of the nanospherical BN particles with onion-like structure is 5-70 nm.62. Preparation method according to claim 1 , wherein the Step () is ...

Methods of fabricating polycrystalline diamond by functionalizing diamond nanoparticles, green bodies including functionalized diamond nanoparticles, and methods of forming polycrystalline diamond cutting elements

Method of fabricating polycrystalline diamond include functionalizing surfaces of diamond nanoparticles with fluorine, combining the functionalized diamond nanoparticles with a polymer to form a mixture, and subjecting the mixture to high pressure and high temperature (HPHT) conditions to form inter-granular bonds between the diamond nanoparticles. A green body includes a plurality of diamond nanoparticles functionalized with fluorine, and a polymer material interspersed with the plurality of diamond nanoparticles. A method of forming cutting element includes functionalizing surfaces of diamond nanoparticles with fluorine, and combining the functionalized diamond nanoparticles with a polymer to form a mixture. The mixture is formed over a body, and the mixture and the body are subjected to HPHT conditions to form inter-granular bonds between the diamond nanoparticles and secure the bonded diamond nanoparticles to the body.

CUTTING TOOL INSERT

A polycrystalline diamond (PCD) compact and method for making the compact are provided. The method includes bringing a first PCD wafer and a second PCD wafer together at an interface in the presence of a bonding agent to form an unbonded assembly and bonding the wafers together at the interface at a pressure and temperature at which diamond is thermodynamically stable. The first PCD wafer is more thermally stable than the second PCD wafer. 1. A polycrystalline diamond compact comprising a first layer of polycrystalline diamond bonded to a second layer polycrystalline diamond , the first layer of polycrystalline diamond being more thermally stable and thinner than the second layer of polycrystalline diamond.2. A polycrystalline diamond compact according to wherein the first layer of polycrystalline diamond is thermally stable polycrystalline diamond.3. A polycrystalline diamond compact according to wherein the second layer of polycrystalline diamond contains a bonding phase comprising a solvent/catalyst.4. A polycrystalline diamond compact according to wherein the bonding between the two layers is direct diamond-to-diamond bonding. This application is a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/017,992 filed Feb. 8, 2016, which is a Division of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/668,308 filed Mar. 26, 2010, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,255,312 issued Feb. 9, 2016, which is a 35 U.S.C. § 371 of PCT/IB2009/051479 filed on Apr. 8, 2009, published on Oct. 15, 2009 under publication number WO 2009/125355 A and which claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 of South African Patent Application No. 2008/03078 filed Apr. 8, 2008, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.THIS invention relates to polycrystalline diamond compacts and more particularly to a method of manufacturing polycrystalline diamond compacts.A commonly used cutting tool insert for drill bits is one which comprises a layer of polycrystalline diamond (PCD) ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR RAPID, HIGH THROUGHPUT, HIGH PRESSURE SYNTHESIS OF MATERIALS FROM A LIQUID PRECURSOR

The present disclosure relates to a system and method for synthesis of condensed, nano-carbon materials to create nanoparticles. In one embodiment the system may have a source of liquid precursor, a flow control element and a shock wave generating subsystem. The flow control element is in communication with the source of the liquid precursor and creates a jet of liquid precursor. The shock wave generating subsystem drives a shock wave through at least a substantial portion of a thickness of the jet of liquid precursor to sufficiently compress the jet of liquid precursor, and to increase a pressure and a temperature of the jet of liquid precursor, to create solid state nanoparticles. 1. A system for synthesis of condensed , nano-carbon materials to create nanoparticles , the system comprising:a source of liquid precursor;a flow control element in communication with the source of the liquid precursor which creates a jet of liquid precursor exiting the flow control element; anda shock wave generating subsystem for generating a shock wave through at least a substantial portion of a thickness of the jet of liquid precursor to sufficiently compress the jet of liquid precursor, and to increase a pressure and a temperature of the jet of liquid precursor, to create solid state nanoparticles.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the shock wave generating subsystem comprises an electromagnetic wave energy source which generates at least one electromagnetic wave energy beam directly at the jet of liquid precursor to impinge the jet of liquid precursor.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the liquid precursor comprises liquid carbon monoxide.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the solid state nanoparticles comprise nano-diamonds.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the jet of liquid precursor comprises a jet shaped as a rectangular sheet.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the jet of liquid precursor has a thickness of 10s to 100 s of microns.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the jet of ...

A METHOD OF MAKING A THERMALLY STABLE POLYCRYSTALLINE SUPER HARD CONSTRUCTION

A method of making a thermally stable polycrystalline super hard construction having a plurality of interbonded super hard grains and interstitial regions disposed therebetween to form a polycrystalline super hard construction having a first thermally stable region and a second region, the first thermally stable region forming at least part of a working surface of the construction, comprises treating the polycrystalline super hard material with a leaching mixture to remove non-super hard phase material from a number of interstitial regions in the first region. The step of treating comprises masking the polycrystalline super hard construction along at least a portion of the peripheral side surface up to and/or at the working surface to inhibit penetration of the leaching mixture into the super hard construction through a peripheral side surface of the super hard construction. The material preferably is PCD, polycrystalline diamond, and preferably leaching takes place after forming a chamfer. 1. A method of making a thermally stable polycrystalline super hard construction comprising a plurality of interbonded super hard grains and interstitial regions disposed therebetween to form a polycrystalline super hard construction having a first thermally stable region and a second region , the first thermally stable region forming at least part of a working surface of the construction , the method comprising:treating the polycrystalline super hard material with a leaching mixture to remove non-super hard phase material from a number of interstitial regions in the first region;the step of treating comprising masking the polycrystalline super hard construction along at least a portion of the peripheral side surface up to and/or at the working surface to inhibit penetration of the leaching mixture into the super hard construction through a peripheral side surface of the super hard construction.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of removing non-super hard phase material ...

Methods of forming polycrystalline diamond compacts

Methods for forming cutting elements comprising polycrystalline materials, methods for forming polycrystalline compacts for cutting elements of a drilling tool, methods for forming polycrystalline diamond compacts, and resulting polycrystalline compacts and cutting elements are disclosed. Grains of a hard material are introduced to a press and subjected to a high-pressure, high-temperature (HPHT) process to sinter the grains. The system conditions (i.e., temperature and pressure) are then adjusted past a phase or state change point, after which, at least one of the system conditions is held during an anneal stage before the system conditions are adjusted to final levels. The resulting compacts and cutting elements may therefore include inter-granularly bonded hard material grains with a more stable microstructure (e.g., less stressed microstructure) than a polycrystalline compact and cutting element formed without an anneal stage during the HPHT process.

CATALYTIC PARTIAL OXIDATION OF METHANE

Systems and methods are provided for direct methane conversion to methanol. The methods can include exposing methane to an oxidant, such as O, in a solvent at conditions that are substantially supercritical for the solvent while having a temperature of about 310° C. or less, or about 300° C. or less, or about 290° C. or less. The solvent can correspond to an electron donor solvent that, when in a supercritical state, can complex with O. By forming a complex with the O, the supercritical electron donor solvent can facilitate conversion of methane to methanol at short residence times while reducing or minimizing further oxidation of the methanol to other products. 1. A method for partial oxidation of methane comprising:{'sub': '2', 'contacting methane with Oin the presence of a solvent in a reaction environment under supercritical conditions for the solvent to form methanol, the supercritical conditions comprising a temperature of 310° C. or less.'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solvent comprises an electron donor solvent.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the electron donor solvent comprises acetonitrile claim 2 , carbon dioxide claim 2 , tricholoroacetonitrile claim 2 , fluoroacetonitrile claim 2 , trifluoroacetonitrile claim 2 , or a combination thereof.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the solvent comprises acetonitrile claim 2 , carbon dioxide claim 2 , or a combination thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the Ois contacted with the methane under the supercritical conditions for a residence time of 10 minutes or less.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the Ois contacted with the methane under at least one of supercritical conditions and substantially supercritical conditions for a residence time of 10 minutes or less.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the Ois contacted with the methane under at least one of supercritical conditions and substantially supercritical conditions for a residence time of 0.1 seconds or more.8. The method of claim 1 , ...

Incorporation of bulk metal foils to increase toughness of polycrystalline diamond

A cutting element include a substrate and a diamond compact including at least two polycrystalline diamond portions separated by at least one metal carbide foil portion. The cutting element is made by placing diamond powder in a reaction container, placing a thin metal layer in the reaction container above or around the diamond powder and binder, placing additional diamond powder in the reaction container above or around the thin metal layer, and placing a pre-sintered substrate containing binder into the reaction container above all diamond powder and thin metal layer components. The assembled reaction container is put into a reactor and is subjected to a high-temperature high-pressure sintering process. The binder in the pre-sintered substrate sweeps through to sinter the first diamond portion, and then reacts with the thin metal layer to form a metal carbide, and then the binder continues to sweep through to sinter the second diamond portion.

CAPSULE ASSEMBLIES FOR ULTRA-HIGH PRESSURE PRESSES AND METHODS FOR USING THEM

A capsule assembly for an ultra-high pressure furnace, comprising a containment tube defining a central longitudinal axis, a chamber suitable for accommodating a reaction assembly, a proximate and a distal end heater assembly, and a side heater assembly. When assembled, the chamber and the side heater assembly are contained within the containment tube and arranged longitudinally between the proximate and distal end heater assemblies. Each end heater assembly comprises a respective conduction volume forming a respective electrical path through the end heat assembly. The side heater assembly electrically connects the respective conducting volumes to each other, and heat is produced in the chamber in response to an electric current flowing through the side heater assembly and the conducting volumes. At least the proximate end heater assembly comprises a first insulation component including an outer insulation volume. The conducting volume of at least the proximate end heater assembly includes an inner conducting volume, and the inner conducting volume is laterally spaced apart from the containment tube by the outer insulation volume. 1. A capsule assembly for an ultra-high pressure furnace , comprising:a containment tube defining a central longitudinal axis,a chamber suitable for accommodating a reaction assembly,a proximate and a distal end heater assembly, anda side heater assembly;configured such that, when assembled as in use: contained within the containment tube and', 'arranged longitudinally between the proximate and distal end heater assemblies;, 'the chamber and the side heater assembly will be'}each end heater assembly will comprise a respective conduction volume forming a respective electrical conduction path through the end heat assembly;the side heater assembly will electrically connect the respective conducting volumes to each other, andheat can be produced in the chamber in response to an electric current flowing through the side heater assembly and the ...

Capsule assemblies for ultra-high pressure presses and methods for using them

A capsule assembly for an ultra-high pressure furnace, comprising a containment tube having an interior side surface and defining a central longitudinal axis; a chamber suitable for accommodating a reaction assembly, a proximate and a distal end heater assembly, and a side heater assembly. When assembled, the chamber is contained within the containment tube and arranged longitudinally between the proximate and distal end heater assemblies. The side heater assembly is disposed adjacent the interior side surface and electrically connects the end heater assemblies with each other. Each end heater assembly has a respective peripheral side disposed adjacent the interior side surface Heat is produced in the chamber in response to an electric current flowing through the end and side heater assemblies. At least a proximate side heater barrier spaces apart the side heater assembly from at least the proximate end heater assembly, adjacent its peripheral side, operative to prevent a portion of the side heater assembly from intruding between the peripheral side of the proximate end heater assembly and the containment tube and short-circuiting at least part of the proximate end heater assembly, when the end heater assemblies move towards each other in response to a force applied by the ultra-high pressure furnace onto the capsule assembly along the central longitudinal axis.

METHOD OF PRODUCING A COMPONENT OF A COMPOSITE OF DIAMOND AND A BINDER

A method of producing a component of a composite of diamond and a binder, wherein a Hot Isostatic gas Pressure process (HIP) is used, includes the step of enclosing a de-bound green body having compacted diamond particles in an infiltrant. The method includes the further steps of enclosing the de-bound green body and the infiltrant in a Zr-capsule that has Zirconium as a main constituent and sealing the Zr-capsule, and applying a predetermined pressure-temperature cycle on the unit formed by the de-bound green body, infiltrant and capsule in which the infiltrant infiltrates the de-bound green body and the de-bound green body is further densified in the sense that the volume thereof is decreased. 1. A method of producing a component of a composite of diamond having a diamond content of ≥25 vol % and a binder , wherein a Hot Isostatic gas Pressure process (HIP) is used , comprising the steps of:forming a de-bound green body having a diamond content of solids of at least 50 vol %;enclosing said de-bound green body and an infiltrant in a Zr-capsule that comprises zirconium as a main constituent and sealing the Zr-capsule; andapplying a predetermined pressure-temperature cycle on a unit formed by said de-bound green body, infiltrant and capsule in which the infiltrant infiltrates the de-bound green body and the de-bound green body is further densified such that a volume thereof is decreased, wherein the predetermined pressure-temperature cycle includes a temperature and pressure increase, with or without holding times, until a predetermined maximum temperature being between 1450 to 1600° C. and a predetermined maximum pressure being between 50 to 3000 Bar is reached.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the predetermined pressure-temperature cycle includes a first step in which the temperature is increased to a temperature between 1100 to 1361° C.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in a second step claim 1 , a pressure of the unit is increased ...

Polycrystalline diamond structure

A polycrystalline diamond structure comprises a first region and a second region adjacent the first region, the second region being bonded to the first region by intergrowth of diamond grains. The first region comprises a plurality of alternating strata or layers, each or one or more strata or layers in the first region having a thickness in the range of around 5 to 300 microns. The polycrystalline diamond (PCD) structure has a diamond content of at most about 95 percent of the volume of the PCD material, a binder content of at least about 5 percent of the volume of the PCD material, and one or more of the layers or strata in the first region comprise and/or the second region comprises diamond grains having a mean diamond grain contiguity of greater than about 60 percent and a standard deviation of less than about 2.2 percent. There is also disclosed a method of making such a polycrystalline diamond structure.

Polycrystalline diamond compact, and related methods and applications

Polycrystalline diamond compacts (“PDCs”) include a polycrystalline diamond (“PCD”) table in which cobalt is alloyed with phosphorous to improve the thermal stability of the PCD table. For example, a PDC includes a substrate and a PCD table including an upper surface spaced from an interfacial surface that is bonded to the substrate. The PCD table includes a plurality of diamond grains defining a plurality of interstitial regions. The PCD table further includes an alloy comprising at least one Group VIII metal and phosphorous. The alloy is disposed in at least a portion of the plurality of interstitial regions.

Polycrystalline Diamond Comprising Nanostructured Polycrystalline Diamond Particles and Method of Making the Same

The present invention relates to a polycrystalline diamond and a polycrystalline diamond compact comprising a continuous network of interbonded diamond constituents comprising nanostructured polycrystalline diamond particles and catalyst material located at the interstitial space among the diamond constituents, and method of making the same. The nanostructured polycrystalline diamond particles are from starting raw materials of Carbonado-type nanostructured polycrystalline diamond particles with a size of between 1 μm-40 μm. The diamond constituents may comprise micrometer-scale monocrystalline diamond particles. The catalyst material in the polycrystalline diamond or the polycrystalline diamond compact may be removed partially or completely by a leaching process. The method of making the polycrystalline diamond or the polycrystalline diamond compact comprises sintering diamond particles comprising the Carbonado-type nanostructured polycrystalline diamond particles with a size of between 1 μm-40 μm under high temperature and high pressure in the presence of the catalyst material. 1. A polycrystalline diamond comprising:diamond constituents with diamond-to-diamond bond comprising nanostructured polycrystalline diamond particles and micrometer-scale monocrystalline diamond particles, wherein the nanostructured polycrystalline diamond particles are from starting raw materials of Carbonado-type nanostructured polycrystalline diamond particles with a size of between 1 μm-40 μm; andcatalyst material is located at the interstitial spaces among the diamond constituents.2. The polycrystalline diamond as defined in claim 1 , wherein the starting raw materials of Carbonado-type nanostructured polycrystalline diamond particles are synthesized by detonation (explosion synthesis).3. The polycrystalline diamond as defined in claim 1 , wherein the catalyst material comprises one of metals or alloys selected from cobalt claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , iron claim 1 , and their alloys.4. ...

DEVICE FOR PRODUCING HIGH PRESSURES IN SOLID MEDIA

A device () for generating high pressures in solid and liquid media is described. The device () includes a lower shell-shaped body half () and an upper shell-shaped body half (). The device () further includes a lower elastic membrane () and an upper elastic membrane (), which are each inserted into the lower body half () and into the upper body half (), respectively. The respective body half () and the respective membrane () inserted into it each surround a pressure chamber (). The device () furthermore includes an opening and a channel () in the lower body half (), in order to attach an oil line from an oil pump to the device and to pump the oil into the pressure chamber between the lower body half () and the elastic membrane () inserted into it. The pressure chambers () in the lower body half () and in the upper body half () communicate by means of a line. The device () is distinguished in that the line connects the pressure chambers () in the lower body half () and the upper body half () permanently with one another in both the open and the closed state of the device. The device is furthermore distinguished in that it includes a pipeline, which is embodied in the form of a helical spring line () and extends outside the lower shell-shaped body half () and the upper shell-shaped body half (). 11. A device () for generating high pressures in solid and liquid media , including:{'b': 2', '3, 'a lower shell-shaped body half () and an upper shell-shaped body half (),'}{'b': 6', '7', '2', '3', '2', '3', '6', '7', '62', '73, 'a lower elastic membrane () and an upper elastic membrane (), which are each inserted into the lower body half () and into the upper body half (), and the respective body half (, ) and the respective membrane (, ) inserted into its each surround a pressure chamber (, ),'}{'b': 14', '2', '2', '6, 'an opening and a channel () in the lower body half (), in order to attach an oil line from an oil pump to the device and to pump the oil into the pressure ...

POLYCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND FROM VITREOUS CARBON AND TRANSITION METAL FREE CARBONATE CATALYST AND METHOD OF PRODUCING

A transition metal catalyst free polycrystalline diamond compact having enhanced thermal stability is disclosed herein. The diamond compact may be attached to a hard metal substrate. The polycrystalline diamond body includes a plurality of diamond grains bonded to adjacent diamond grains by diamond-to-diamond bonds. Sintering of the PCD and the formation of diamond-to-diamond bonding is achieved by transforming graphene treated diamond crystals that are blended with non-metal additives at high pressure and high temperature into a diamond compact that is free of transition metal catalysts. Non-metal additives include vitreous and other non-equilibrium forms of carbon as well as Sr-, K- and Ca-containing carbon sources. 1. A polycrystalline diamond compact , comprising:interstitial nanocrystalline diamond; andat least one of calcium carbonate, strontium carbonate, strontium oxide and potassium bicarbonate.2. The polycrystalline diamond compact of claim 1 , wherein the nanocrystalline diamond has a diameter of 50 nm to 500 nm.3. The polycrystalline diamond compact of claim 2 , wherein the nanocrystalline diamond exhibits Raman spectra comprising broad peaks at 1328 cm.4. The polycrystalline diamond compact of claim 2 , wherein the nanocrystalline diamond exhibits Raman spectra comprising broad peaks in the range of from 1025 cmto 1250 cm.5. The polycrystalline diamond compact of claim 1 , further comprising copper and/or tin.6. The polycrystalline diamond compact of claim 1 , wherein carbonate comprises 0.5% volume to 8.0% volume.7. The polycrystalline diamond compact of claim 1 , wherein the oxide comprises 0.5 to 8.0% volume.8. The polycrystalline diamond compact of claim 1 , wherein the bicarbonate comprises 0.5 to 8.0% volume.9. The polycrystalline diamond compact of claim 1 , wherein the thermal stability ranges from 3.0 passes to 6.0 passes.10. The polycrystalline diamond compact of claim 1 , wherein the abrasion resistance is up to 30% better than standard ...

Polycrystalline diamond and manufacturing method thereof, scribe tool, scribing wheel, dresser, rotating tool, orifice for water jet, wiredrawing die, cutting tool, and electron emission source

Nano polycrystalline diamond is composed of carbon, an element of different type which is an element other than carbon and is added to be dispersed in carbon at an atomic level, and an inevitable impurity. The polycrystalline diamond has a crystal grain size not greater than 500 nm. The polycrystalline diamond can be fabricated by subjecting graphite in which the element of different type which is an element other than carbon has been added to be dispersed in carbon at an atomic level to heat treatment within high-pressure press equipment.

POLYCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF, SCRIBE TOOL, SCRIBING WHEEL, DRESSER, ROTATING TOOL, ORIFICE FOR WATER JET, WIREDRAWING DIE, CUTTING TOOL, AND ELECTRON EMISSION SOURCE

Nano polycrystalline diamond is composed of carbon, an element of different type which is an element other than carbon and is added to be dispersed in carbon at an atomic level, and an inevitable impurity. The polycrystalline diamond has a crystal grain size not greater than 500 nm. The polycrystalline diamond can be fabricated by subjecting graphite in which the element of different type which is an element other than carbon has been added to be dispersed in carbon at an atomic level to heat treatment within high-pressure press equipment. 115.-. (canceled)16. The method for manufacturing polycrystalline diamond according to claim 17 , whereinin said step of converting said graphite to diamond, said graphite is subjected to heat treatment within said high-pressure press equipment without adding a sintering aid or a catalyst.17. A method for manufacturing polycrystalline diamond claim 17 , comprising the steps of:preparing graphite that a group III element is added to be dispersed in carbon at an atomic level; andconverting said graphite to diamond by subjecting said graphite to heat treatment within high-pressure press equipment whereinsaid step of preparing graphite includes the step of forming graphite on a base material by introducing a gas mixture of a gas containing said group III element and a hydrocarbon gas within a vacuum chamber and thermally decomposing said gas mixture at a temperature not lower than 1500° C.18. The method for manufacturing polycrystalline diamond according to claim 17 , whereinin said step of converting said graphite to diamond, said graphite formed on said base material is subjected to heat treatment at a high pressure not lower than 8 GPa and at 1500° C. or higher.19. The method for manufacturing polycrystalline diamond according to claim 17 , whereinsaid gas mixture is fed toward a surface of said base material.20. The method for manufacturing polycrystalline diamond according to claim 17 , whereinsaid hydrocarbon gas is a methane ...

Method of making a thermally stable polycrystalline super hard construction

A method of making a thermally stable polycrystalline super hard construction having a plurality of interbonded super hard grains and interstitial regions disposed therebetween to form a polycrystalline super hard construction having a first thermally stable region and a second region, the first thermally stable region forming at least part of a working surface of the construction, comprises treating the polycrystalline super hard material with a leaching mixture to remove non-super hard phase material from a number of interstitial regions in the first region. The step of treating comprises masking the polycrystalline super hard construction along at least a portion of the peripheral side surface up to and/or at the working surface to inhibit penetration of the leaching mixture into the super hard construction through a peripheral side surface of the super hard construction.

Multi-Heater System For Growing High Quality Diamond And A Method For Growing The Same

Disclosed herein is an apparatus and method for growing a diamond. The apparatus for growing a diamond comprises: a reaction cell that is configured to grow the diamond therein; a main heater including a main heating surface that is arranged along a first inner surface of the reaction cell; and a sub-heater including a sub-heating surface that is arranged along a second inner surface of the reaction cell, the second inner surface being non-parallel with the first inner surface.

Molecularly doped nanodiamond

A method of making molecularly doped nanodiamond. A versatile method for doping diamond by adding dopants into a carbon precursor and producing diamond at high pressure, high temperature conditions. Molecularly doped nanodiamonds that have direct incorporation of dopants and therefore without the need for ion implantation. Molecularly-doped diamonds that have fewer lattice defects than those made with ion implantation. 1. A method of making molecularly doped nanodiamond , comprising the steps of:adding a dopant to a sol-gel precursor;synthesizing via sol-gel synthesis a doped amorphous carbon aerogel comprising an open pore network;drying the doped amorphous carbon aerogel;sintering the doped amorphous carbon aerogel;preserving the open pore network;loading the doped amorphous carbon aerogel into a diamond anvil cell;forming a sealed chamber around the doped amorphous carbon aerogel;flowing a noble gas into the sealed chamber;liquefying the noble gas by condensation;allowing the liquefied noble gas to fill the open pore network of the doped amorphous carbon aerogel;pressurizing the diamond anvil cell;heating the doped amorphous carbon aerogel; andtransforming the doped amorphous carbon aerogel into molecularly doped nanodiamond.2. The method of making molecularly doped nanodiamond of wherein the noble gas is Ar.3. The method of making molecularly doped nanodiamond of wherein the noble gas is one selected from the group consisting of Kr claim 1 , Xe claim 1 , and Ne.4. The method of making molecularly doped nanodiamond of wherein the step of liquefying the noble gas by condensation comprises condensing the noble gas with liquid nitrogen.5. The method of making molecularly doped nanodiamond of wherein the step of liquefying the noble gas by condensation comprises condensing the noble gas with a cryogen.6. The method of making molecularly doped nanodiamond of wherein the step of pressurizing the diamond anvil cell comprises pressures ≥20 Gpa.7. The method of making ...

METHOD OF MAKING POLYCRYSTALLINE DIAMOND MATERIAL

A method of making polycrystalline diamond material includes providing a fraction of diamond particles or grains and a sintering additive, the sintering additive comprising a carbon source of nano-sized particles or grains, forming the diamond particles and sintering additive into an aggregated mass, consolidating the aggregated mass and a binder material to form a green body, and subjecting the green body to conditions of pressure and temperature at which diamond is more thermodynamically stable than graphite and for a time sufficient to consume the sintering additive, sintering it and forming polycrystalline diamond material that is thermodynamically and crystallographically stable and is substantially devoid of any nano-structures. 1. A method of making polycrystalline diamond material , the method including providing a fraction of diamond particles or grains and a sintering additive , the sintering additive comprising a carbon source of nano-sized particles or grains , forming the diamond particles and sintering additive into an aggregated mass , consolidating the aggregated mass and a binder material to form a green body , and subjecting the green body to conditions of pressure and temperature at which diamond is more thermodynamically stable than graphite and for a time sufficient to consume the sintering additive , sintering it and forming polycrystalline diamond material that is thermodynamically and crystallographically stable and is substantially devoid of any nano-structures.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the binder material comprises a catalyst material for diamond.3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the sintering additive is nanodiamond.4. A method according to claim 3 , wherein nanodiamond is UDD (ultra-dispersed nanodiamond) claim 3 , PDD (polycrystalline detonated diamond powder) claim 3 , or a crushed source of nanodiamond.5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the sintering additive is a nano-sized carbon source selected from ...

Polycrystalline Diamond and Method for Manufacturing Same, Scribe Tool, Scribe Wheel, Dresser, Rotating Tool, Wire Drawing Die, Cutting Tool, Electrode, and Processing Method Using Polycrystalline Diamond

Provided is polycrystalline diamond having a diamond single phase as basic composition, in which the polycrystalline diamond includes a plurality of crystal grains and contains boron, hydrogen, oxygen, and the remainder including carbon and trace impurities; the boron is dispersed in the crystal grains at an atomic level, and greater than or equal to 90 atomic % of the boron is present in an isolated substitutional type; hydrogen and oxygen are present in an isolated substitutional type or an interstitial type in the crystal grains; each of the crystal grains has a grain size of less than or equal to 500 nm; and the polycrystalline diamond has a surface covered with a protective film. 1. Polycrystalline diamond having a diamond single phase as basic composition , whereinthe polycrystalline diamond includes a plurality of crystal grains,the polycrystalline diamond contains boron, hydrogen, oxygen, and a remainder containing carbon and trace impurities,the boron is dispersed in the crystal grains at an atomic level, and greater than or equal to 90 atomic % of the boron is present in an isolated substitutional type,the hydrogen and the oxygen are present in an isolated substitutional type or an interstitial type in the crystal grains,each of the crystal grains has a grain size of less than or equal to 500 nm, andthe polycrystalline diamond has a surface covered with a protective film.2. The polycrystalline diamond according to claim 1 , wherein greater than or equal to 99 atomic % of the boron is present in an isolated substitutional type in the crystal grains.3. The polycrystalline diamond according to claim 1 , wherein the boron has an atomic concentration of greater than or equal to 1×10cmand less than or equal to 1×10cm.4. The polycrystalline diamond according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrogen has an atomic concentration of greater than or equal to 1×10cmand less than or equal to 1×10cm.5. The polycrystalline diamond according to claim 1 , wherein the oxygen has an ...

ROLLER CUTTING ELEMENT CONSTRUCTION

Roller cutters comprise a diamond-bonded body joined to an infiltration substrate. An extension is joined to the substrate and includes first section having a diameter sized the same as the substrate, and an integral second section having a diameter smaller than the substrate. The extension is joined to the substrate during an HPHT process. The first section has a thickness greater than that of the infiltration substrate. The second section has an axial length greater than the combined thickness of the substrate and the first section. The extension has a strength and/or toughness greater than the substrate as a result of its material composition, e.g., the amount of binder phase material and/or the size of hard phase material. The roller cutter is rotatably disposed within a pocket internal cavity, wherein the pocket is attached to a 1. A roller cutting element comprising:a diamond-body comprising a matrix phase of intercrystalline bonded diamond, and a plurality of interstitial regions dispersed within the matrix phase;an infiltration substrate having a first diameter attached to the diamond body; andan extension attached to the infiltration substrate, the extension having a first section having the first diameter and a second section having a second diameter less than the first diameter, wherein the first section is attached to the infiltration substrate, and wherein the second section is integral with the first section.2. The roller cutting element as recited in further comprising a sleeve attached thereto claim 1 , the sleeve including a cavity accommodating the second section of the extension therein claim 1 , the cavity having an opening that is adjacent the first section of the extension.3. The roller cutting element as recited in wherein the infiltration substrate and the extension are selected from the group consisting of metallic materials claim 1 , ceramic materials claim 1 , cermet materials claim 1 , and combinations of the same claim 1 , wherein the ...

LUMINESCENT DIAMOND MATERIAL AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME

Provided are a luminescent diamond material and method of producing the same. The method may include the steps of providing a catalyst selected from one or more of the group of cobalt, iron, manganese and nickel; providing an enhancer selected from one or more of the group of boron, germanium, phosphorous, silicon and tin; providing graphite; blending the catalyst, enhancer and graphite to form a homogenized blend; and subjecting the homogenized blend to a high temperature, high pressure process to form a luminescent diamond material having a plurality of diamond particles having a plurality of defect centers, wherein the luminescent diamond material luminesces at a wavelength of about 700 nm to about 950 nm and energy of about 1.77 eV to about 1.30 eV. 1. A luminescent diamond material comprising a plurality of diamond particles having at least one defect center that luminesces at a wavelength of about 700 nm to about 950 nm and energy of about 1.77 eV to about 1.30 eV.2. The luminescent diamond material of claim 1 , wherein the at least one defect center luminesces at a wavelength of about 800 nm to about 900 nm and energy of about 1.55 eV to about 1.38 eV.3. The luminescent diamond material of claim 1 , wherein the at least one defect center luminesces at a wavelength of about 775 nm to about 925 nm and energy of about 1.60 eV to about 1.34 eV.4. The luminescent diamond material of claim 1 , wherein the at least one defect center that luminesces at a peak wavelength of about 880 nm to about 890 nm and energy of about 1.41 eV to about 1.39 eV.5. The luminescent diamond material of claim 1 , wherein the at least one defect center photoluminesces when excited with a visible claim 1 , ultraviolet claim 1 , or infrared light.6. The luminescent diamond material of claim 1 , further comprising a luminescent enhancer.7. The luminescent diamond material of claim 6 , wherein the luminescent enhancer is selected from at least one of boron claim 6 , germanium claim 6 , ...

A METHOD OF MAKING A POLYCRYSTALLINE SUPER HARD CONSTRUCTIONS

A method of forming polycrystalline diamond comprised placing a plurality of graphene nano-platelets into a capsule; and subjecting the platelets to a pressure of around 10 GPa to around 20 GPa and a temperature of around 1600 degrees Celsius to around 3000 degrees Celcius to convert the graphene platelets to nano-polycrystalline diamond. There is also disclosed a polycrystalline super hard construction comprising a polycrystalline diamond region comprising polycrystalline diamond material formed according to said method. 1. A method of forming polycrystalline diamond , comprising:placing a plurality of graphene nano-platelets into a capsule; andsubjecting the platelets to a pressure of around 10 GPa to around 20 GPa and a temperature of around 1600 degrees Celsius to around 3000 degrees Celcius to convert the graphene platelets to nano-polycrystalline diamond.2. The method of wherein the step of subjecting the platelets to said pressure and temperature comprises subjecting the platelets to a pressure of between around 10 GPa to around 15 GPa.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of subjecting the platelets to said pressure and temperature comprises subjecting the platelets to said temperature and pressure for around 1 minute to around 60 minutes.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of subjecting the platelets to said pressure and temperature comprises subjecting the platelets to a temperature of around 1600 degrees Celsius to around 2500 degrees Celsius.5. (canceled)6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of placing a plurality of graphene nano-platelets into a capsule comprises placing graphene platelets having a lateral size of between around 5 microns to around 25 microns into the capsule.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein size of nanodiamonds produced is between around 1 nm to around 999 nm.8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising treating the platelets to reduce the presence of oxygen terminated groups on the surfaces of the platelets to ...

APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SYNTHETIC DIAMONDS

An apparatus for the manufacture of synthetic diamonds includes a pressure vessel having a chamber therein, and a body located in the chamber. The pressure vessel and the body are formed of materials having different coefficients of expansion. The coefficient of expansion of the body is greater than the coefficient of expansion of the pressure vessel. The pressure vessel is formed from a material having a melting point in excess of 1327° C. and capable of withstanding a pressure of at least 4.4 Gpa at a temperature of at least 1327° C. The chamber is configured to receive the body, and a carbon source, the apparatus further comprising a heating means configured to heat at least the body to a temperature at least of 1327° C. The coefficient of expansion of the body is selected such that upon heating thereof to at least 1327° C. the pressure exerted on the carbon source is at least 4.4 Gpa. 1. An apparatus for the manufacture of synthetic diamonds comprising:a pressure vessel having a chamber therein; anda body located in the chamber,wherein the pressure vessel and the body are formed of materials having different coefficients of expansion, the coefficient of expansion of the body being greater than the coefficient of expansion of the pressure vessel;wherein the pressure vessel is formed from a material having a melting point in excess of 1327° C. and capable of withstanding a pressure of at least 4.4 GPa at temperatures in excess of 1327° C.;wherein the chamber is configured to receive the body, and a carbon source;wherein the apparatus further comprises a heating means configured to heat at least the body to a temperature at least of 1327° C.; andwherein the coefficient of expansion of the body is selected such that upon heating thereof to at least 1327° C. the pressure exerted on the carbon source is at least 4.4 GPa.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein:the body has at least two body surfaces, expansion of at least one of the body surfaces is constrained ...

A process for producing hydrogen and graphitic carbon from hydrocarbons

In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a process for producing hydrogen and graphitic carbon from a hydrocarbon gas comprising: contacting at a temperature between 600 °C and 1000 °C the catalyst with the hydrocarbon gas to catalytically convert at least a portion of the hydrocarbon gas to hydrogen and graphitic carbon, wherein the catalyst is a low grade iron oxide. Also provided is a method for the beneficiation of catalytic metal containing ore, the method comprising contacting at a temperature between 600 °C and 1000 °C the catalytic metal containing ore with a hydrocarbon gas to form a carbon-coated metal species.

Self-grown monopoly compact grit

A self-grown monopoly compact grit and high pressure, high temperature process for preparing the same. The high pressure, high temperature sintered/synthesized monopoly compact grit is used in various industrial tools such as saw blades, grinding wheels, cutting tools and drill bits. Further, the monopoly compact grit of the present invention is produced from a seed of a mono-crystal of diamond or cubic boron nitride surrounded by either a self-grown crystal layer or an integrally bonded poly-crystalline sintered compact layer. The self-grown crystal layer is a new grown crystal structure where the seed crystal grows into a new phase through a normal diamond or cubic boron nitride synthesis process in the presence of a catalyst metal solvent. The compact layer is composed of about 50 to about 90 volume percent of diamond or cubic boron nitride, a typical binder material, which is a catalyst for crystal-to-crystal bonding, and a cementing agent which is a binding agent capable of forming stable carbide and nitride bonds.

Diamond-containing substance and a method of its preparing

FIELD: composition materials. SUBSTANCE: diamond-containing substance consists of rounded particles with gaseous inclusions containing 70-90 wt.-% diamond of cubical modification and the rest roentgeno-amorphous mass of the following composition, wt.-% carbon 78-90; hydrogen 0.8-1.2; nitrogen 1.5-4.5 and oxygen the rest. The size of coherent scattering region is 2-6 nm, specific surface square is 250-450 m 2 /g; carboxyl, quinone, methyl, two various hydroxyl groups, carbonyl, lactone, nitrile and hydroperoxide surface functional groups occupy 10-20% diamond-containing substance surface; carbon atoms with noncompensated bonds occupy 1-2% surface. Parameter of crystal lattice of new substance is 0,3562± 0,0003 nm. Method preparing of new diamond-containing substance involves injury of explosive charge in closed volume in atmosphere 0.1-6.0 vol. oxygen and inert gas the rest, at 303-363 K, in the presence of ultradispersed diamond phase at concentration 0,01-0,15 kg/m 3 . New diamond-containing substance can be used in lubricant materials, for composition coating and chromatography material producing. EFFECT: enhanced reactivity of substance. 3 cl, 4 dwg, 1 tbl с60<50сС ПЧ Го РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (19) (51) МПК ВИ” 2 051 092 ' С 01 В 31/06, В 01 3 3/06 13) СЛ 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 5016083/26, 25.12.1991 (46) Дата публикации: 27.12.1995 (56) Ссылки: 1. Патент Великобритании М 1154633, кл. СЛА 1969.2. А.М. Ставер и др. Ультрадисперсные алмазные порошки, полученные с использованием энергии взрыва. Физика горения и взрыва, 1984, т.20, М 5, с.100. (71) Заявитель: Научно-производственное объединение "Алтай" (72) Изобретатель: Верещагин А.Л., Петров Е.А., Сакович Г.В., Комаров В.Ф. , Климов А.В., Козырев Н.В. (73) Патентообладатель: Научно-производственное объединение "Алтай" (54) АЛМАЗСОДЕРЖАЩЕЕ ВЕЩЕСТВО И СПОСОБ ЕГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ (57) Реферат: Использование: В КОМПОЗИЦИОННЫХ материалах. ...

Diamond

The present invention relates to an HPHT method for synthesizing single crystal diamond, wherein a single crystal diamond seed having an aspect ratio of at least 1.5 is utilised. Single crystal diamond seeds having an aspect ratio of at least 1.5 and synthetic single crystal diamond which may be obtained by the method recited are also described. The growth surface is substantially aligned along a <100> or <110> direction in the plane of the growth surface.

Large single crystal diamonds

The present invention relates to an HPHT method for synthesizing single crystal diamond, wherein a single crystal diamond seed having an aspect ratio of at least 1.5 is utilised. Single crystal diamond seeds having an aspect ratio of at least 1.5 and synthetic single crystal diamond which may be obtained by the method recited are also described. The growth surface is substantially aligned along a <100> or <110> direction in the plane of the growth surface.

EASILY CRUSHABLE DIAMOND ABRASIVE GRAINS AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME

[Technical Problem]To provide diamond grits with enhanced friability, and method for the production comprising in combination internal microcracks within the diamond particle and surface irregularities, with or without a layer of non-diamond carbon covering the particle surface. 1. Easy-fracturing diamond grits with enhanced friability , consisting of diamond particles synthesized by a static ultrahigh pressure-high temperature process , comprising both microcracks generated within the particles due to the effect of heating , and surface irregularities generated on the particles by oxidizing etching at elevated temperatures.2. The grits as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising on the particle surface a layer of non-diamond carbon converted from the base diamond particle.3. The grits as claimed in claim 2 , in which the non-diamond carbon content is 0.2% or more relative to the combined mass of diamond and non-diamond.4. The grits as claimed in claim 2 , in which the non-diamond carbon content ranges from 0.5 and 10% relative to the combined mass of diamond and non-diamond.5. The grits as claimed in claim 1 , in which said diamond particles by nature is a size-sorted diamond powder product with a Daverage size of 150 μm or less.6. The grits as claimed claim 1 , comprising a B.E.T. specific surface area 3.5 times or more as large as the surface of assumed (reference) sphere.7. The grits as claimed in claim 1 , in which said particles have hydrophilic surface.8. The grits as claimed in claim 1 , in which said particles exhibit a controlled electrical resistance that is based on the non-diamond carbon phase.9. The grits as claimed in claim 1 , in which said particles as a volume compacted at 10 MPa exhibit an electrical resistivity of or greater than 10Ω/m.10. The grits as claimed in claim 1 , in which said particles as a volume compacted at 10 MPa exhibit an electrical resistivity less than 10Ω/m.11. A method for producing the grits as claimed in claim 1 , comprising ...

Wire drawing die

Composite wire drawing die construction is described in which a centrally-located mass of diamond, cubic boron nitride or a polycrystalline mixture thereof defines at least the throat of the wire drawing hole, the mass being flanked or girded by at least one mass of metal bonded carbide that is directly bonded thereto. The composite is readily ground into the form of a solid of revolution. In the preferred construction (for dies for drawing 0.008 inches diameter wire and larger) a composite assembly includes at least one high strength metal ring that is press fitted around a composite body or sub-assembly comprising a polycrystalline mass of diamond girded by a metal-bonded carbide jacket. [US3831428A]

金刚石颗粒混合物

公开了一种基本上均匀的颗粒混合物。该混合物包括含有多个第一官能团的多个衍生化纳米金刚石颗粒。该混合物还包括多个微米金刚石颗粒，其中所述衍生化纳米金刚石颗粒和微米金刚石颗粒构成基本上均匀的颗粒混合物。该混合物还可以包括多个第三颗粒，所述多个第三颗粒含有不同于所述衍生化纳米金刚石颗粒的纳米颗粒、或不同于所述微米金刚石颗粒的多个微米颗粒、或它们的组合，并且所述衍生化纳米金刚石颗粒、所述衍生化微米金刚石颗粒和第三颗粒构成所述基本上均匀的颗粒混合物。

用于在超临界流体中处理材料的装置及其方法

公开了用于在超临界流体中处理材料的装置和方法。所述装置包括：封壳，构造为包含超临界流体；高强度壳体，其围绕所述封壳设置；以及感测器，其构造为感测封壳的内部和外部之间的压力差。所述装置还包括压力控制设备，其构造为响应由感测器感测到的压力差，调节封壳的压力差。所述装置进一步包括至少一个分隔结构，所述分隔结构设置在封壳中，以将封壳分隔成籽晶成长腔室和养料腔室。

Continuous methods and apparatus of functionalizing Carbon Nanotube

본 발명은 탄소나노튜브의 연속적인 표면처리 방법 및 장치에 관한 것으로, 구체적으로는 a) 탄소나노튜브 용액 및 산화제를 50 내지 400atm의 압력으로 주입하여 혼합액을 예열하는 단계;b) 상기 예열된 혼합액을 50 내지 400atm의 아임계수 또는 초임계수 조건에서, 탄소나노튜브를 표면처리하는 단계; c) 상기 표면처리된 생성물을 0 내지 100℃로 냉각 및 1 내지 10atm으로 냉각· 해압하는 단계; 및 d) 상기 냉각· 해압된 생성물을 회수하는 단계;를 포함하여 별도의 표면처리 공정없이 연속적으로 아임계수 또는 초임계수 조건에서 탄소나노튜브를 연속적으로 표면처리하는 방법 및 장치에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for continuous surface treatment of carbon nanotubes, specifically, a) preheating the mixed solution by injecting a carbon nanotube solution and an oxidizing agent at a pressure of 50 to 400 atm; b) the preheated mixed solution. Surface treating the carbon nanotubes in a subcritical water or supercritical water condition of 50 to 400 atm; c) cooling the surface treated product to 0 to 100 ° C. and cooling and depressurizing to 1 to 10 atm; And d) recovering the cooled and depressurized product. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for continuously surface treating carbon nanotubes in a subcritical water or supercritical water condition without a separate surface treatment process. 탄소나노튜브, 표면처리, 산화제, 아임계수, 초임계수, 연속, 장치 Carbon nanotube, surface treatment, oxidizing agent, subcritical water, supercritical water, continuous, equipment

Sintered diamond blank and method for making it

FIELD: materials used for making cutting tools. SUBSTANCE: blank includes carburized carbide substrate such as WC - Co with slight waviness and sintered body having layer of diamond grains and binder. Thickness of layer of sintered body of diamond grains is in range 0.05 - 0.4 mm; its area in range of such thickness consists at least 50% of its whole surface area. Sintered body includes as binder Co diffused from carburized carbide substrate. EFFECT: possibility for making material for high-strength diamond compact tool. 6 cl, 4 dwg, 1 tbl ЗЗ7УОГСС ПЧ сэ (19) РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ ВИ” 2 210 488 ' (51) МПК? 13) С2 В 240 3/06 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 99116257102, 28.07.1999 (24) Дата начала действия патента: 28.07.1999 (30) Приоритет: 31.07.1998 УР 216660/1998 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.05.2001 (46) Дата публикации: 20.08.2003 (56) Ссылки: 4$ 3745623, 17.07.1973. КУ 2008187 СЛ, 28.02.1994. ЕР 0786300 АЛ, 30.07.1997. (98) Адрес для переписки: 129010, Москва, ул. Б.Спасская, 25, стр.3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры", пат.пов. Е.В.Томской, рег. № 0106 (71) Заявитель: СУМИТОМО ЭЛЕКТРИК ИНДАСТРИЗ, ЛТД. (УР) (72) Изобретатель: ЙОСИДА Кацухито (+Р), АСАНО Митинари (/Р), СИРАИСИ Дзунити (УР), НАКАИ Тецуо (.Р) (73) Патентообладатель: СУМИТОМО ЭЛЕКТРИК ИНДАСТРИЗ, ЛТД. (Р) (74) Патентный поверенный: Томская Елена Владимировна (54) АЛМАЗНАЯ СПЕЧЕННАЯ ЗАГОТОВКА И СПОСОБ ЕЕ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ (57) Изобретение относится к материалам для режущего инструмента. Заготовка содержит цементированную карбидную подложку типа \/С-Со, имеющую легкую волнистость, и спеченное тело в виде слоя из алмазных зерен и связующего. Толщина слоя спеченного тела из алмазных зерен составляет от 0,05 до 0,4 мм, его площадь в пределах этой толщины занимает по меньшей мере 50% всей площади, а в качестве связующего оно содержит Со, диффундировавший из цементированной карбидной подложки. Изобретение позволяет создать ...

Высокотвердый углеродный материал и способ его получения

1. Способ получения высокотвердого углеродного материала, включающий воздействие на молекулярный фуллерен Сили фуллеренсодержащую сажу давлением и температурой, отличающийся тем, что к молекулярному фуллерену Сили фуллеренсодержащей саже добавляют серосодержащее соединение, а воздействие ведут при давлении от 0,2 до 12 ГПа и температуре от 0 до 2000°С.2. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что в качестве серосодержащего соединения используют сероуглерод.3. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что в качестве серосодержащего соединения используют соединение из группы меркаптанов или продукт взаимодействия соединения из группы меркаптанов с элементарной серой.4. Высокотвердый углеродный материал, полученный способом по п. 1, характеризующийся тем, что его структура образована связанными между собой ковалентными связями слоями двумерно поляризованных вдоль оси вращения второго порядка молекул фуллерена. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2013 140 598 A (51) МПК C01B 31/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2013140598/05, 03.09.2013 Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 03.09.2013 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.03.2015 Бюл. № 7 (72) Автор(ы): Бланк Владимир Давыдович (RU), Мордкович Владимир Зальманович (RU), Перфилов Сергей Алексеевич (RU), Попов Михаил Юрьевич (RU) A 2 0 1 3 1 4 0 5 9 8 R U Стр.: 1 A (57) Формула изобретения 1. Способ получения высокотвердого углеродного материала, включающий воздействие на молекулярный фуллерен С60 или фуллеренсодержащую сажу давлением и температурой, отличающийся тем, что к молекулярному фуллерену С60 или фуллеренсодержащей саже добавляют серосодержащее соединение, а воздействие ведут при давлении от 0,2 до 12 ГПа и температуре от 0 до 2000°С. 2. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что в качестве серосодержащего соединения используют сероуглерод. 3. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что в качестве серосодержащего соединения используют соединение из группы ...

High pressure, free radical polymerizations to produce ethylene-based polymers

A high pressure polymerization, as described herein, to form an ethylene-based polymer, comprising the following steps: polymerizing a reaction mixture comprising ethylene, using a reactor system comprising at least three ethylene-based feed streams and a reactor configuration that comprises at least four reaction zones, and at least one of the following a) through c), is met: (a) up to 100 wt% of the ethylene stream to the first zone comes from a high pressure recycle, and/or up to 100 wt% of the last ethylene stream to a zone comes from the output from a Primary compressor system; and/or (b) up to 100 wt% of the ethylene stream to first zone comes from the output from a Primary compressor system, and/or up to 100 wt% of the last ethylene stream to a zone comes from a high pressure recycle; and/or (c) the ethylene stream to the first zone, and/or the last ethylene stream to a zone, each comprises a controlled composition; and wherein each ethylene stream to a zone receives an output from two or more cylinders of the last compressor stage of a Hyper compressor system.

灵活控制分子量分布的高压自由基聚合方法

乙烯类聚合物LDPE是在高压聚合方法中制备，所述方法包含至少以下步骤：使用包含以下的反应器配置使包含乙烯的反应混合物聚合：(A)至少两个反应区，第一反应区(反应区1)和i反应区(i≥2的反应区i)，(B)至少两种乙烯进料流，每种进料流包含一百分比的馈送到所述聚合方法的总补充乙烯，其中第一乙烯进料流传送到反应区1并且第二乙烯进料流传送到反应区i，和(C)控制系统，所述控制系统控制所述总补充乙烯在传送到反应区1的所述乙烯进料流中的百分比，和所述总补充乙烯在传送到反应区i的所述乙烯进料流中的百分比。

Cubic Boron Nitride, Catalyst for Synthesizing Cubic Boron Nitride, and Process for Producing Cubic Boron Nitride

본 발명은 입방정 질화붕소 (CBN)를 제조할 때, CBN 합성 촉매 성분의 표면이 유기물로 피복되어 있는 CBN 합성 촉매를 사용한다. 유기물의 질량은 CBN 합성 촉매 성분 100 질량부에 대하여 0.01 내지 50 질량부가 바람직하고, 또한 유기물로서는 스테아르산 및(또는) 라우르산이 바람직하다. 이러한 CBN 합성 촉매를 사용함으로써 고변환율 (고수량)으로, (111) 면이 잘 발달한 날카로운 형상이고 촉매 성분의 혼입이 적은 CBN을 간편한 공정 및 작업으로 생산성 있게 제조할 수 있다. The present invention uses a CBN synthesis catalyst wherein the surface of the CBN synthesis catalyst component is coated with an organic material when producing cubic boron nitride (CBN). As for the mass of an organic substance, 0.01-50 mass parts is preferable with respect to 100 mass parts of CBN synthesis catalyst components, and stearic acid and / or lauric acid are preferable as an organic substance. By using such a CBN synthesis catalyst, CBN having a high conversion rate (high yield), a sharp shape having a well developed (111) plane, and a low content of catalyst components can be produced in a simple process and operation in a productive manner. 입방정 질화 붕소 (CBN), CBN 합성 촉매, 유기물 Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN), CBN Synthesis Catalyst, Organics

High-hardness carbon material and method for production thereof

FIELD: chemistry.SUBSTANCE: molecular fullerene Cor fullerene-containing soot with an additive of a sulphur-containing compound is subjected to pressure of 0.2-12 GPa and temperature of 0-2000°C. The sulphur-containing compound used is carbon sulphide, a mercaptan group compound or a product of reacting a mercaptan group compound and elementary sulphur. The structure of the obtained high-hardness carbon material is formed by covalently bonded layers of fullerene molecules which are two-dimensionally polarised along a second-order axis of rotation.EFFECT: hardness of the obtained material is greater than 10 GPa.4 cl, 5 dwg, 6 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 543 891 C1 (51) МПК C01B 31/06 (2006.01) B82Y 40/00 (2011.01) B82B 1/00 (2006.01) B82B 3/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2013140598/05, 03.09.2013 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 03.09.2013 (45) Опубликовано: 10.03.2015 Бюл. № 7 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 6245312 B1, 12.01.2001. RU 2127225 2 5 4 3 8 9 1 R U (54) ВЫСОКОТВЕРДЫЙ УГЛЕРОДНЫЙ МАТЕРИАЛ И СПОСОБ ЕГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ (57) Реферат: Изобретение предназначено для сероуглерод, соединение из группы меркаптанов аэрокосмической отрасли, оборонной или продукт взаимодействия соединения из промышленности и обработки твёрдых и группы меркаптанов с элементарной серой. сверхтвёрдых материалов. На молекулярный Структура полученного высокотвердого фуллерен С60 или фуллеренсодержащую сажу с углеродного материала образована связанными между собой ковалентными связями слоями добавкой серосодержащего соединения двумерно-поляризованных вдоль оси вращения воздействуют давлением от 0,2 до 12 ГПа и второго порядка молекул фуллерена. Твёрдость температурой от 0 до 2000 oС. В качестве полученного материала более 10 ГПа. 2 н. и 2 з.п. серосодержащего соединения используют ф-лы, 5 ил., 6 пр. Стр.: 1 C 1 C 1 Адрес для переписки: 142190, Москва, ...

Synthesizing method for cubic boron nitride single crystal

Diamond-metallic composite material

FIELD: process engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to powder metallurgy, particularly, to materials intended for production of diamond-metallic composite materials. It may be used as hard or abrasive material and for making centrifuge nozzles. Diamond particles are mixed with those of metallic filler to produce mix for moulding billet therefrom. Said billet is subjected to pre-sintering by heating to ≤500°C and impregnated with one or more wetting elements or one or more wetting alloys. Impregnation is performed in vacuum or in inert gas at <200 bar. EFFECT: higher density, thermal expansion, crack resistance and solderability. 22 cl, 2 tbl, 3 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 448 827 (13) C2 (51) МПК B24D 3/06 (2006.01) C22C 26/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2010123191/02, 30.10.2008 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 30.10.2008 (73) Патентообладатель(и): АЛЬФА ЛАВАЛЬ КОРПОРЕЙТ АБ (SE) R U Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 08.11.2007 SE 0702474-8 (72) Автор(ы): ЧЕНЬ Цзе (SE) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.12.2011 Бюл. № 35 2 4 4 8 8 2 7 (45) Опубликовано: 27.04.2012 Бюл. № 12 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 4246006 А, 20.01.1981. RU 2151814 С1, 27.06.2000. RU 2131347 С1, 10.06.1999. RU2113531 С1, 20.06.1998. US 5116568 А, 26.05.1992. GB 2006733 А, 10.05.1979. 2 4 4 8 8 2 7 R U (86) Заявка PCT: SE 2008/051235 (30.10.2008) C 2 C 2 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 08.06.2010 (87) Публикация заявки РСТ: WO 2009/061265 (14.05.2009) Адрес для переписки: 129090, Москва, ул. Б. Спасская, 25, стр.3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры" (54) АЛМАЗОМЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКИЙ КОМПОЗИТ (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к порошковой металлургии, в частности к получению алмазометаллических композитов. Может использоваться в качестве твердого или абразивного материала, а также для изготовления сопел ...

Apparatus and methods for treatment of materials in supercritical fluid media

FIELD: process engineering. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for crystal growing. Proposed apparatus comprises capsule 12 to contain supercritical fluid medium, high-pressure vessel 16 arranged around capsule 12 and designed to contain compressed gas. It incorporates also pressure control device 44 to equalise inner pressure in capsule 12 with compressed gas pressure inside high-pressure vessel 16 and shift metre 41. The later serves to measure deformation of capsule 12 caused by difference between inner and ambient pressure. ^ EFFECT: process of treatment of materials by supercritical fluid media at relatively high temperatures and pressures, possibility to control pressure difference at capsule walls for reducing their deformation. ^ 20 cl, 14 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 393 008 (13) C2 (51) МПК B01J 3/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21), (22) Заявка: 2007132167/15, 19.10.2005 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 19.10.2005 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.03.2009 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: WO 03064021 A1, 07.08.2003. US 2004134415 A1, 15.07.2004. WO 0124921 A1, 12.04.2001. WO 2004071649 A1, 26.08.2004. SU 380343 A1, 15.05.1973. JP 2004-043265, 12.02.2004. (73) Патентообладатель(и): ДЖЕНЕРАЛ ЭЛЕКТРИК КОМПАНИ (US) 2 3 9 3 0 0 8 R U (86) Заявка PCT: US 2005/037434 (19.10.2005) C 2 C 2 (85) Дата перевода заявки PCT на национальную фазу: 27.08.2007 (87) Публикация PCT: WO 2006/080959 (03.08.2006) Адрес для переписки: 129090, Москва, ул. Б.Спасская, 25, стр.3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры", пат.пов. Ю.Д.Кузнецову (54) АППАРАТ ДЛЯ ОБРАБОТКИ МАТЕРИАЛОВ В СВЕРХКРИТИЧЕСКИХ ТЕКУЧИХ СРЕДАХ И ЕГО СПОСОБЫ (57) Реферат: Изобретение может быть использовано для выращивания кристаллов. Аппарат для выращивания кристаллов содержит капсулу 12, выполненную с возможностью содержать сверхкритическую текучую среду, сосуд ...

Patent RU2016149187A3

`”ВУ“” 2016149187” АЗ Дата публикации: 14.12.2018 Форма № 18 ИЗ,ПМ-2011 Федеральная служба по интеллектуальной собственности Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение 9 «Федеральный институт промышленной собственности» (ФИПС) ОТЧЕТ О ПОИСКЕ 1. . ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ ЗАЯВКИ Регистрационный номер Дата подачи 2016149187/05(079016) 29.05.2015 РСТЛО52015/033223 29.05.2015 Приоритет установлен по дате: [ ] подачи заявки [ ] поступления дополнительных материалов от к ранее поданной заявке № [ ] приоритета по первоначальной заявке № из которой данная заявка выделена [ ] подачи первоначальной заявки № из которой данная заявка выделена [ ] подачи ранее поданной заявки № [Х] подачи первой(ых) заявки(ок) в государстве-участнике Парижской конвенции (31) Номер первой(ых) заявки(ок) (32) Дата подачи первой(ых) заявки(ок) (33) Код страны 1. 14/291,862 30.05.2014 05 Название изобретения (полезной модели): [Х] - как заявлено; [ ] - уточненное (см. Примечания) СПОСОБЫ СОЗДАНИЯ ПОЛИКРИСТАЛЛИЧЕСКОГО АЛМАЗА, РЕЖУЩИХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ И ИНСТРУМЕНТОВ, СОДЕРЖАЩИХ ПОЛИКРИСТАЛЛИЧЕСКИИ АЛМАЗ Заявитель: БЕЙКЕР ХЬЮЗ ИНКОРПОРЕЙТЕД, 0$ 2. ЕДИНСТВО ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ [Х] соблюдено [ ] не соблюдено. Пояснения: см. Примечания 3. ФОРМУЛА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ: [Х] приняты во внимание все пункты (см. п см. Примечания [ ] приняты во внимание следующие пункты: [ ] принята во внимание измененная формула изобретения (см. Примечания) 4. КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ ОБЪЕКТА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ (ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ) (Указываются индексы МПК и индикатор текущей версии) СОТВ 32/28 (2017.01) СЗОВ 29/04 (2006.01) В01./ 3/06 (2006.01) Е21В 10/42 (2006.01) В24 3/34 (2006.01) 5. ОБЛАСТЬ ПОИСКА 5.1 Проверенный минимум документации РСТ (указывается индексами МПК) СО1В 32/00, СОЛВ 32/25 - СОЛВ 32/28, СО1В 31/00 - СО1В 31/06, СЗОВ 29/00 - СЗОВ 29/04, ВОТ} 3/00 - ВО13 3/06, Е21В 10/00, Е21В 10/42, В24Р 3/00, В24Р 3/30, В24Р 3/34, СО4В 35/00, СОАВ 35/528, С23С 24/00, С23С 24/10, С25В 11/00, С25В 11/03 5.2 Другая проверенная документация в той мере, в какой она включена в ...

The monocrystalline state diamond particles and its manufacturing method of the particle containing cubic boron nitride

提供热稳定性优异的单晶态金刚石颗粒。单晶态金刚石颗粒含有立方晶氮化硼颗粒。优选的是，立方晶氮化硼颗粒存在于含立方晶氮化硼颗粒的单晶态金刚石颗粒的内部和/或表面，单晶态金刚石颗粒的平均粒径为500μm以下，立方晶氮化硼颗粒的平均粒径为0.05～100μm。

Abrasive tools with patterned grit distribution and manufacture thereof

本发明为一种具有规则性排列的钻石颗粒的研磨工具。钻石颗粒排列首先由一个二维薄片制成,并随后将薄片组装成一个三维工具。钻石颗粒可以先行置入这些二维薄片,或者它们也可以在薄片成形后被植入。植入时可由具有特定图案圆孔的模板引导。

Preparation method of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer

본 발명은 오토클레이브 반응기를 이용하여 중합 조건을 조절하여 공중합체의 기계적 강도를 향상시킬 수 있는 에틸렌 비닐아세테이트 공중합체의 제조 방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a method for producing an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer capable of improving the mechanical strength of the copolymer by controlling polymerization conditions using an autoclave reactor.

High pressure homogenizer and manufacturing method for Graphene using the same

본 발명은 고압 균질화 장치 및 이를 이용한 그래핀의 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 본 발명의 일 측면에 따르면, 균질화를 위한 대상물이 통과하는 마이크로 채널을 포함하는 채널 모듈을 포함하며, 채널 모듈은 상기 마이크로 채널을 복수 개의 공간으로 구획하도록 배치된 하나 이상의 배플을 포함하고, 배플은 상기 마이크로 채널을 폭 방향 또는 높이 방향에 따라 2개의 공간으로 구획하도록 마련된 고압 균질화 장치가 제공된다.

A method of producing ultra-hard abrasive particles

본 발명은, 복수개의 이산된 초경질 연마입자의 제조방법은, 하나 이상의 초경질 연마입자, 연마입자의 전구체, 및 연마입자의 용매/촉매 또는 상기 용매/촉매의 전구체를 각각 포함하는, 복수개의 과립(granule)을 제공하는 단계; 인접하는 과립 사이에 분리 매질을 갖는 과립을 고압/고온 기구의 반응대역에 배치하는 단계; 반응대역의 내용물을, 초경질 연마입자가 결정학적으로 안정해지는 시점에서의 상승된 온도 및 압력 조건에 적용시키는 단계; 상기 처리된 물질을 반응대역으로부터 회수하는 단계; 및 상기 처리된 물질에서 분리 매질을 제거하여 복수개의 이산된 연마입자를 제조하는 단계를 포함하는, 복수개의 이산된 초경질 연마입자의 제조방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a method for producing a plurality of discrete superhard abrasive particles, each of which comprises one or more ultrahard abrasive particles, a precursor of abrasive particles, and a solvent / catalyst of the abrasive particles or a precursor of the solvent / catalyst, respectively. Providing granules; Placing the granules having a separation medium between adjacent granules in the reaction zone of the high pressure / high temperature apparatus; Applying the contents of the reaction zone to elevated temperature and pressure conditions at which point the ultrahard abrasive particles become crystallographically stable; Recovering the treated material from the reaction zone; And removing the separation medium from the treated material to produce a plurality of discrete abrasive particles.

Method for production of superhard dense material

FIELD: manufacturing of cutting, polishing and abrasive tools. SUBSTANCE: mixture of powders of superhard material with one of the metal from group of ferrum (its quantity being 3-90 vol %) being preliminary pressed as superdisperse monocrystal powder having particles 100-1000 in size are placed into device of superhigh pressure. Said powder is affected with impact wave having amplitude 1-25 GPa. Said powder mixture may contain at least one infusible inorganic additive (its quantity being not more 40 vol %). Mentioned above affection with impact waves is carried out through transmitting medium; S;O 2 or Al 2 O 3 or KCl, or NaCl, or KBr, or RbCl may be used as said medium. Secondary affection with impact wave having amplitude 1-15 GPa may be carried out. Thus treated material is affected by plastic deformation, the process takes place at 600-900 C, velocity of said deformation is 10 -5 - 10 -1 C -1 . EFFECT: improves quality of desired product, improves efficiency of the method. 5 cl, 3 dwg УЭС 90с ПЧ Го РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ ВО ”” 2 062 644 ' В 01 3 3/08, С 01 В 21/064, (51) МПК 13) СЛ 31/06 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 95104765/26, 07.04.1995 (46) Дата публикации: 27.06.1996 (56) Ссылки: 1. Патент США М 4014974, кл. 423-290, 1977. 2. Патент США М 3399254, кл. 423-446, 1968. 3. Патент США М 36599172, кл. 423-446, 1972. 4. Патент США М 5087435, кл. 423-446, 1992. 5. Патент США М 3851027, кл. 423-446, 1974. 6. Заявка РСТ М 086/06057, кл. СО! В 21/06, 1986. (71) Заявитель: Жирноклеев Игорь Анатольевич (72) Изобретатель: Жирноклеев Игорь Анатольевич (73) Патентообладатель: Жирноклеев Игорь Анатольевич (54) СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СВЕРХТВЕРДОГО КОМПАКТНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА (57) Реферат: Использование: для изготовления режущего, шлифовального и абразивного инструментов, а также конструкционных изделий. Сущность изобретения: предварительно уплотненную смесь порошков сверхтвердого материала с 3 - 90 об. % одного ...

Patent JPS6121187B2

Polycrystalline synthetic jewelry material (versions) and method of its production

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: creating a polycrystalline jewelry material from coloured transparent or translucent oxide ceramics with dopants is proposed. The material consists of oxidic compounds which are represented by yttrium-aluminium garnet or magnesium aluminium spinel, for dying which ions of transition and rare earth metals: zinc, iron, vanadium, chromium, manganese, nickel, cobalt, titanium, neodymium, europium, terbium, ytterbium, holmium, erbium, thulium - are used. The method of manufacturing transparent or translucent ceramic comprises the stages of obtaining a powder mixture and annealing the components, hot uniaxial/cold isostatic pressing, hot isostatic pressing and heat treatment. EFFECT: wider colour range of samples and possibility of obtaining colour effects caused by the activator concentration variable as per the pattern or the crystalline phases are achieved, the cost of goods is much less in comparison with the use of single-crystal material. 5 cl, 4 tbl, 2 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 613 520 C1 (51) МПК C04B 35/44 (2006.01) C04B 35/443 (2006.01) C04B 35/622 (2006.01) C04B 35/645 (2006.01) C30B 28/00 (2006.01) C30B 29/26 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА C30B 29/28 (2006.01) ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ B01J 3/00 (2006.01) A44C 17/00 (2006.01) (12) ФОРМУЛА (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ 2015151531, 01.12.2015 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 01.12.2015 16.03.2017 Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 01.12.2015 Адрес для переписки: 192171, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Бабушкина, 36, корп. 1, АО "НИТИОМ ВНЦ "ГОИ им. С.И. Вавилова", сектор интеллектуальной собственности, Т.А. Репкиной (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: WO 2010150250 A1, 29.12.2010. RU C 1 R U 2 6 1 3 5 2 0 (54) Поликристаллический синтетический ювелирный материал (варианты) и способ его получения (57) Формула изобретения 1. Поликристаллический синтетический ювелирный материал, полученный на основе ...

Method for preparation of ethylene vinylacetate copolymer

The present invention relates to a method for preparation of an ethylene vinylacetate copolymer wherein a polymerization condition is controlled with the aid of an autoclave reactor to improve mechanical strength of the copolymer.

Cutting tool made of diamond-based ultra-high pressure sintered material with excellent chipping resistance and its manufacturing method

Coated particle

Изобретение относится к покрытой частице, образованной путем покрывания поверхности частицы основного материала углеродными частицами, полученными способом детонации. Покрытые частицы получают путем расположения взрывчатого вещества, которое проявляет жидкое состояние при нормальной температуре и нормальном давлении, на периферии исходного вещества, содержащего ароматическое соединение с тремя или более нитрогруппами, детонирование упомянутого взрывчатого вещества с получением углеродных частиц и применение механического сдвигового/ударного воздействия к смеси порошков полученных углеродных частиц и частиц основного материала для покрывания поверхности частицы основного материала этими углеродными частицами, имеющими меньшие размеры частиц. Изобретение позволяет эффективно производить углеродные частицы способом детонации с использованием маломощного взрывчатого сырья, причем нанесение полученных углеродных частиц на поверхность материала подложки обеспечивает получение нового материала с улучшенной износостойкостью. 5 н. и 6 з.п. ф-лы, 14 ил., 4 табл. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 697 123 C1 (51) МПК C01B 32/10 (2017.01) C01B 32/205 (2017.01) C23C 4/04 (2006.01) C23C 18/52 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C01B 32/10 (2019.05); C01B 32/20 (2019.05); C01B 32/25 (2019.05); C01B 32/26 (2019.05); C23C 18/16 (2019.05); C23C 18/52 (2019.05); C23C 4/04 (2019.05) (21)(22) Заявка: 2018120080, 30.11.2016 30.11.2016 Дата регистрации: Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2393197 C2, 27.06.2010. JP 2015127279 A, 09.07.2015. JP 2013151418 A, 08.08.2013. DE 19933648 A1, 18.01.2001. US 8840693 B2, 23.09.2014. RU 2013124412 A, 29.05.2013. 01.12.2015 JP 2015-235235 (45) Опубликовано: 12.08.2019 Бюл. № 23 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 02.07.2018 (86) Заявка PCT: 2 6 9 7 1 2 3 (73) Патентообладатель(и): ...

Diamond tool parts

본 발명은 고압 고온(HPHT) 다이아몬드 공구 부품, 및 HPHT 다이아몬드 공구 부품의 제조 방법에 관한 것이다. HPHT 다이아몬드 공구 부품의 적어도 일부는 30% 초과의 집합된 질소 중심 대 C-질소 중심 비를 포함한다. 상기 방법은 HPHT 다이아몬드 물질을 조사하여 다이아몬드 결정 격자에 빈자리를 도입하는 단계, HPHT 다이아몬드 물질의 적어도 일부가 30% 초과의 집합된 질소 중심 대 C-질소 중심 비를 포함하도록 HPHT 다이아몬드 물질을 어닐링하는 단계, 및 HPHT 다이아몬드 물질을 가공하여 HPHT 다이아몬드 공구 부품을 형성하는 단계를 포함한다. The present invention relates to a high pressure high temperature (HPHT) diamond tool part, and a method of manufacturing the HPHT diamond tool part. At least a portion of the HPHT diamond tool parts comprise an aggregated nitrogen center to C-nitrogen center ratio of greater than 30%. The method includes irradiating the HPHT diamond material to introduce voids in the diamond crystal lattice, annealing the HPHT diamond material such that at least a portion of the HPHT diamond material comprises an aggregated nitrogen center to C-nitrogen center ratio of greater than 30%. , And processing the HPHT diamond material to form an HPHT diamond tool part.

Method of production of color diamonds in conditions of high pressure and temperatures

FIELD: production of color diamonds. SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of production of fantasy neon yellow-green diamonds of precious quality produced from the pale (discolored) or so-called "brown" diamonds of the lowest quality. The method provides for placement of a pale natural diamond in the medium capable to transfer the pressure, which then is mold into a "tablet". Then the tablet is placed in the high-pressure press (HP/HT) and exposed to machining at an increased pressure and temperature being within the range of graphite stability or a diamond being on the phase diagram of carbon for the period of time necessary for improvement of a color of the mentioned diamond. In the end the diamond is removed from press. The indicated method ensures production of diamonds of an attractive yellowish-green or yellow-green and neon yellow-green colors. EFFECT: the invention ensures production of diamonds of attractive yellow-green colors. 22 cl, 4 ex, 2 dwg ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß (19) RU (51) ÌÏÊ 7 (11) 2 252 066 (13) C2 B 01 J 3/06, C 01 B 31/06, C 30 B 29/04 ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) ÎÏÈÑÀÍÈÅ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈß Ê ÏÀÒÅÍÒÓ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2002107310/15, 25.08.2000 (72) Àâòîð(û): ÝÍÒÎÍÈ Òîìàñ Ðè÷àðä (US), ÂÀÃÀÐÀËÈ Ñóðåø Øàíêàðàïïà (US) (24) Äàòà íà÷àëà äåéñòâè ïàòåíòà: 25.08.2000 (30) Ïðèîðèòåò: 25.08.1999 US 60/150,979 (73) Ïàòåíòîîáëàäàòåëü(ëè): Äàéìîíä Èííîâåéøíç Èíê. (US) R U (43) Äàòà ïóáëèêàöèè çà âêè: 27.10.2003 (45) Îïóáëèêîâàíî: 20.05.2005 Áþë. ¹ 14 2 2 5 2 0 6 6 (56) Ñïèñîê äîêóìåíòîâ, öèòèðîâàííûõ â îò÷åòå î ïîèñêå: US 4124690 À, 07.11.1978. US 3134739 A, 26.05.1964. CHRENKO R.M. et al. Transformations of the state of nitrogen in diamond. NATURE. Vol. 270, 1977, p. 141-144. EVANS Ò. et al. Changes in the defect structure of diamond due to high temperature + high pressure treatment. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. A., vol. 344, 1975, p.111-130. 2 2 5 2 0 6 6 R U ...

Polycrystalline diamond and manufacture method thereof

本发明涉及一种纳米多晶金刚石(1)，其包括碳和多种非碳杂质。每一种所述杂质的浓度均等于或小于0.01质量%，并且该纳米多晶金刚石(1)的晶粒尺寸（最大长度）至多为500nm。该纳米多晶金刚石(1)可以由以下方法制造：制备杂质浓度至多为0.01质量%的石墨，然后使该石墨经受高温和极高的压力，从而将所述石墨转化为金刚石。

Methods of producing polycrystalline diamond, cutting elements and tools containing polycrystalline diamond

FIELD: soil or rock drilling; mining.SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in production of drilling and cutting elements, for example, drilling bit for rotary drilling of underground formations. Diamond fragments, carbon oxide and carbon dioxide are encapsulated in a vessel in the absence of a metal catalyst, the vessel is sealed and subjected to a pressure of not less than 4.5 GPa and a temperature of not less than 1400 °C, as a result of which polycrystalline diamond with inter-crystalline bonds is formed between diamond fragments. Vessel may additionally contain inert gas or substrate, chemical composition of which differs from chemical composition of polycrystalline diamond. Part of carbon oxide can be converted into diamond due to formation of intercrystalline bonds. Ratio of partial pressures of oxide and carbon dioxide, which is equal to approximately 5.0 × 10or lower, is selected in the field of stability of diamond. Resulting polycrystalline diamond has a density of at least 3.49 g/cmand a modulus of at least 1000 GPa.EFFECT: cutting element for a drilling tool made from polycrystalline diamond does not contain graphitised carbon and metal inclusions, is not subject to "reverse graphitization" and peeling of the substrate.19 cl, 6 dwg, 1 tbl, 2 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 718 075 C2 (51) МПК C01B 32/28 (2017.01) C30B 29/04 (2006.01) B01J 3/06 (2006.01) E21B 10/42 (2006.01) B24D 3/34 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C01B 32/28 (2018.08); C30B 29/04 (2018.08); B01J 3/06 (2018.08); B01J 2203/062 (2018.08); B01J 2203/0685 (2018.08); B22F 7/06 (2018.08); B22F 2007/068 (2018.08); E21B 10/42 (2018.08); B24D 3/34 (2018.08) (21)(22) Заявка: 2016149187, 29.05.2015 29.05.2015 (73) Патентообладатель(и): БЕЙКЕР ХЬЮЗ ИНКОРПОРЕЙТЕД (US) Дата регистрации: 30.03.2020 30.05.2014 US 14/291,862 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 15.06.2018 Бюл. № 17 (45) Опубликовано: 30.03.2020 Бюл. № 10 ...