Laser diode array

The semiconductor laser diodes 20, each including a primary diffraction grating 31, are radially arranged on an InP substrate 10 such that the primary diffraction grating faces a through hole 10a formed in the substrate. An optical fibre including a 45{ conic reflecting mirror 32a redirects light along the optical fibre. Alternatively, surface emission of laser light may be obtained using a prismatic element having an inclined conic recess which redirects light away from the surface of the substrate (figure 10).