УСТРОЙСТВО КАЛИБРОВКИ НА ОСНОВЕ ИСПОЛНИТЕЛЬНОГО ЭЛЕМЕНТА ДЛЯ КАТЕТЕРА, РЕАГИРУЮЩЕГО НА ДАВЛЕНИЕ

Изобретение относится к медицине. Устройство калибровки включает исполнительный элемент и зажимное приспособление для крепления дистального конца медицинского зонда. Исполнительный элемент выполнен с возможностью прижимания к дистальному наконечнику зонда и приложения множества векторов силы. Векторы силы имеют соответствующие амплитуды и углы относительно дистального конца, с целью деформации дистального наконечника. Измерительное устройство предназначено для измерения амплитуды векторов силы, приложенной исполнительным элементом. Процессор данных калибровки осуществляет прием от зонда первых данных измерений, указывающих деформацию дистального наконечника под воздействием векторов силы, прием от измерительного устройства вторых данных измерений, указывающих амплитуду векторов силы, и расчет на основании информации об углах, а также первых и вторых данных измерений коэффициентов калибровки, обеспечивающих определение векторов силы как функции от первых данных измерений. 2 н. и 14 з.п.

КОМПОЗИЦИИ И СИСТЕМЫ ДЛЯ ОЦЕНКИ ФУНКЦИИ ПОЧЕК

Группа изобретений относится к медицине и касается системы для определения в режиме реального времени скорости клубочковой фильтрации почек (СКФ) у пациента, нуждающегося в этом, указанная система включает вычислительное устройство, устройство отображения, коммуникативно соединенное с указанным вычислительным устройством, источник питания, функционально соединенный с указанным вычислительным устройством, по меньшей мере одна головка датчика, функционально соединенная с кожей пациента и функционально соединенная с указанным вычислительным устройством, и по меньшей мере один индикаторный агент, выполненный с возможностью испускать флуоресценцию при воздействии видимого или ультрафиолетового света. Группа изобретений также касается системы для трансдермального определения СКФ, нормализованной на размер тела у пациента. Группа изобретений обеспечивает определение в режиме реального времени скорости клубочковой фильтрации почек у пациента. 2 н. и 11 з.п. ф-лы, 30 ил., 8 табл., 19 пр.

СПОСОБЫ И СИСТЕМЫ ОБРАБОТКИ И ПЕРЕДАЧИ ДАННЫХ МЕДИЦИНСКОГО УСТРОЙСТВА

Группа изобретений относится к медицине и может быть использована для обработки медицинских данных. Устройство содержит датчик глюкозы, включающий в себя рабочий электрод, имеющий фрагмент в жидкостном контакте с телесной жидкостью под поверхностью кожи; блок памяти, имеющий первое множество ячеек памяти, предназначенных для хранения первого предварительно определенного типа данных, и второе множество ячеек памяти, предназначенных для хранения второго или первого предварительно определенного типа данных; блок обработки, функционально соединенный с датчиком глюкозы и блоком памяти. Блок обработки сконфигурирован, чтобы обнаруживать состояния ошибки, относящиеся к работе датчика глюкозы, формировать данные посредством обработки относящихся к анализируемому веществу сигналов, сформированных датчиком глюкозы, и чтобы управлять сохранением данных в блоке памяти и извлечением их из блока памяти. Первый предварительно определенный тип данных включает в себя данные об ошибке, ассоциированной с ...

СПОСОБ И МУЛЬТИСЕНСОРНОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ НЕИНВАЗИВНОГО МОНИТОРИНГА УРОВНЯ ГЛЮКОЗЫ В КРОВИ

Группа изобретений относится к области медицины, а именно к медицинской технике. Рассчитывают величину теплового эффекта метаболизма или теплопродукции в процессе метаболизма локального участка живой ткани. Для чего с помощью тепло- и водонепроницаемого аппликатора измеряют параметры ткани в локальной области под аппликатором, характеризующие процессы переноса тепла и вещества в локальной области под аппликатором. Одновременно или перед началом измерения указанных параметров измеряют временную динамику климатических параметров, определяющих теплообмен ткани с окружающей средой. Вычисляют величину энтальпии ткани с учетом влияния климатических параметров. Определяют гидравлическое давление в системе микроциркуляции в зависимости от осмотического давления и эластического давления. Рассчитывают величину теплового эффекта метаболизма или теплопродукции в процессе метаболизма локального участка живой ткани с помощью основного уравнения термодинамики, связывающего энтальпию ткани с переменными ...

ИЗМЕРИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АППАРАТ И СПОСОБ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ

Группа изобретений относится к медицинской технике. Измерительный аппарат включает в себя источник излучения, выполненный с возможностью выдавать излучение в средней инфракрасной области спектра, детектор, выполненный с возможностью облучать объект измерения излучением, выдаваемым из источника излучения, и детектировать отраженное излучение, отражаемое объектом измерения, и устройство измерения уровня глюкозы в крови, выполненное с возможностью измерять уровень глюкозы в крови объекта измерения. В качестве волнового числа измерения уровня глюкозы в крови для измерения уровня глюкозы в крови используется волновое число между множеством волновых чисел пиков поглощения глюкозы. 3 н. и 19 з.п. ф-лы, 50 ил.

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ УРОВНЯ ГЛЮКОЗЫ В ФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ЖИДКОСТИ ПАЦИЕНТА И КОМПЪЮТЕРНЫЙ ПРОГРАММНЫЙ ПРОДУКТ

ANTENNENVORRICHTUNG FÜR BIOLOGISCHE MESSUNGEN, PULS WELLENMESSVORRICHTUNG, BLUTDRUCKMESSVORRICHTUNG, GERÄT, MESSVERFAHREN FÜR BIOLOGISCHE INFORMATIONEN, PULS WELLENMESSVERFAHREN UND BLUTDRUCKMESSVERFAHREN

Eine Antennenvorrichtung für biologischen Messungen nach dieser Erfindung umfasst einen Gurt (20), der so getragen werden soll, dass er eine Messzielstelle eines lebenden Körpers umgibt. Eine Sende-/Empfangsantennengruppe (40E) ist an dem Gurt (20) vorgesehen und umfasst eine Vielzahl von Antennenelementen (TX1, TX2,..., RX1, RX2,...). In einem Tragezustand, in dem der Gurt (20) so getragen wird, dass er eine Außenfläche des Messzielortes umgibt, wird eine Funkwelle in Richtung der Messzielstelle ausgesendet, wobei eines der Antennenelemente (TX1, TX2,...) als Sendeantenne verwendet wird. Eine reflektierte Funkwelle wird mit einem beliebigen Antennenelement (RX1, RX2,...) als Empfangsantenne empfangen. Ein Sende-/Empfangsantennenpaar, das aus der Sendeantenne und der Empfangsantenne unter der Vielzahl von Antennenelementen gebildet wird, wird auf der Grundlage eines Empfangsausgangs durch Umschalten ausgewählt oder gewichtet.

VORRICHTUNG UND VERFAHREN ZUR NICHTINVASIVEN MENGENBESTIMMUNG VON IM BLUT ODER GEWEBE VORLIEGENDEN BESTANDTEILEN

Meßkammer für einen optisch arbeitenden Sensor zum Bestimmen einer Konzentration eines Stoffes

Meßkammervorrichtung für einen optisch arbeitenden Sensor zum Bestimmen einer Konzentration eines Stoffes, der in Gewebeflüssigkeit (40) eines Säugers enthalten ist, wobei die Meßkammervorrichtung (1) eine Meßkammer (2) aufweist, die zum Einsetzen in den Körper des Säugers ausgebildet ist, mit einem flüssigen Meßmedium befüllt ist und eine Wandung (4) aufweist, welche zumindest in einem Wandungsabschnitt für den Stoff besser diffusionsdurchlässig ist, als für andere Bestandteile der Gewebeflüssigkeit (40), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Meßkammer (2) aufweist einen ersten Meßkammerfensterabschnitt (5), der zum Verbinden mit einer Sendervorrichtung (17) zur Abgabe optischer Strahlung in die Meßkammer (2) vorbereitet ist, und einen zweiten Meßkammerfensterabschnitt (6), der zum Verbinden mit einer Empfängervorrichtung (24) zum Empfang von durch die Meßkammer (2) gelaufener optischer Strahlung vorbereitet ist, wobei erster und zweiter Meßkammerfensterabschnitt an einem Ende der Meßkammer ...

AUTOMATISCHES EICHGERAET FUER PARTIALDRUCKMESSFUEHLER.

Prüfgerät für ein Atemschutzprodukt

Ein Prüfgerät für Atemschutzprodukte soll derart verbessert werden, dass Atemzyklen mit veränderbarem Druckanstieg simuliert werden können. Die erfindungsgemäß angegebene Vorrichtung enthält: DOLLAR A ein Gebläse (5) mit einem Saugstutzen (6) und einem Druckstutzen (7), DOLLAR A ein mit einem Gebläse (5) verbundenes Umschaltventil (10), welches dazu ausgebildet ist, in vorbestimmter Zeitabfolge den Druckstutzen (7) oder den Saugstutzen (6) strömungsmäßig mit dem Atemschutzprodukt (2) in der Weise zu verbinden, dass der jeweils freie Stutzen in Öffnungsstellung zur Umgebung geschaltet ist und DOLLAR A ein im Leitungszug zwischen dem Gebläse (5) und dem Atemschutzprodukt (2) befindliches Drosselelement (11, 13), welches eine nach einer Stellgrößenvorgabe veränderbare Querschnittsfläche aufweist.

VORRICHTUNG ZUM ERFASSEN PHYSIOLOGISCHER DRUECKE

Querempfindlichkeitskompensierter Biosensor

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Biosensor (10), insbesondere einen implantierbaren Biosensor, mit einem für wenigstens einen Analyten sensiblen Sensormaterial (60), insbesondere mit einem für wenigstens einen Analyten sensiblen Hydrogel, in einem mit einem Drucksensor (56) gekoppelten Druckmessraum (20), wobei ein im Druckmessraum (20) herrschender Druck durch den Drucksensor (56) bestimmbar ist. Das Sensormaterial (60) ist im Druckmessraum (20) mit einem Kompensationsmaterial (70) gekoppelt, welches einen Zusammenhang zwischen der Temperatur und dem Volumen bzw. dem Druck aufweist, der die temperaturabhängige Druck- bzw. Volumenänderung des Sensormaterials (60) entgegengesetzt ist und eine temperaturbedingte Volumenänderung zumindest teilweise kompensiert.

VORRICHTUNG ZUR ÜBERPRÜFUNG DER GENAUIGKEIT EINES SPEKTRALANALYSATORS

Monitoring devices

Biosensor iontophoretic sampling and methods of use thereof

A medical device for measuring a concentration of an entity in a digit

A device 700 to measure the concentration of a blood parameter (e.g. glucose) includes a housing into which the digit of a user is received, a non-invasive blood parameter concentration sensor (e.g. optical 727, electromagnetic 725) and a pressure sensor 725 to measure pressure applied by the digit onto the concentration sensor. The housing has a hinge 722, base 720 and lid 721, and the device adjusts the pressure applied to the sensor by the finger dependent on the measured pressure. Blood glucose readings may be taken when the applied finger pressure is within a predetermined range, thus increasing measurement reliability. Alternatively or additionally to using finger pressure measurement, the device may control the volume of blood in the finger using a tourniquet 710, and determine digit orientation for example using a fingerprint sensor 726 (see figs 8-10). Measurements may be suspended until the finger is positioned correctly or an adjustment made to a measurement taken at an incorrect ...

Oxygen measuring electrode assembly

A polarographic electrode assembly for transcutaneous measurement of partial oxygen pressure in arterial blood comprising an anode, a cathode which has a thin ring surface or a circularly-bounded field of dot-shaped surfaces and an insulating electrode holder, a disposable tubular member holder fixedly holding the periphery of an oxygen permeable hydrophobic electrode membrane, and a skin-heating part including heat-conducting block which is thermally connected to a heater and a temperature detector. The heat-conducting block has a thick peripheral portion and thin disk-shaped inner portion having a through-hole to expose the cathode surface to the subject's skin via the membrane. One side of the heat-conducting block has a smooth surface to be applied on skin, and the back side has a receiving space for the membrane holder. The heat-conducting block embraces the membrane holder which embraces the anode and cathode portion of the electrode part in such a manner that the membrane covers ...

FIBRE OPTIC PROBES AND THE CALIBRATION THEREOF

Breath flow indicator and method of use

DEVICE AND PROCEDURE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE ANALYTPEGELS

OXIMETERSENSOR WITH A DIGITAL MEMORY FOR THE CODING OF SENSOR DATA

SYSTEMS WITH IMPLANTIERBAREN DEVICES FOR THE DYNAMIC MONITORING OF TUMORS

FIBER OPTICS FOR SCANNING ANALYTEN AND MANUFACTURING PROCESSES FOR IT

PROCEDURE, SYSTEMS AND ASSOCIATED ONE IMPLANTIERBARE MECHANISMS FOR THE DYNAMIC MONITORING OF TUMORS

CALIBRATION REFLECTOR DEVICE FOR AN OPTICAL MEASURING SYSTEM

PROCEDURE FOR CALIBRATING A MEASURING INSTRUMENT FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE OXYGEN PARTIAL PRESSURE IN BLOOD.

PROCEDURE AND EQUIPMENT FOR THE AUTOMATIC MEASURING OF SIGNALS IN THE OXIMETRIE.

CALIBRATED OPTICAL OXYMETRIE PROBE.

SMALL-VOLUMED SENSOR TO IN-VITRO REGULATION

SYCRONISIERTES ANALYTTESTSYSTEM

SIGNAL DEMODULATION PROCEDURE AND - PLANT IN A PULSOXIMETRIESYSTEM

PROCEDURE FOR CALIBRATING A SPECTROSCOPY DEVICE

BIO SENSOR, IONTOPHORETI SAMPLING SYSTEM, AND PROCEDURE FOR ITS APPLICATION

MORE OXIMETER WITH SOURCE OF LIGHT AND INFORMATIONSELEMENT

DEVICE FOR THE TELEMETERING OF MEANS OF A PRINTING MEASURING CATHETER

Extranasal stimulation devices and methods

A stimulation system for treating a condition (e.g., dry eye, Meibomian gland disease) of a subject includes a stimulator configured to deliver a stimulus to external facial tissue of the subject, at least one sensor configured to detect a characteristic of the subject, and a control system in communication with the sensor and configured to adjust the stimulus at least partially based on the detected subject characteristic. In some variations, the control system may be configured to adjust the stimulus at least partially based on a detected environmental condition. The stimulator may be configured to activate a nerve of the subject, thereby increasing tear production. The stimulation system may, for example, include a device configured to be worn by a subject such as eyeglasses or a mask, or held by a subject such as handheld stimulator device.

Augmented reality therapeutic movement display and gesture analyzer

Systems and methods for displaying augmented reality clinical movements may use an augmented reality device to display aspects of a clinical movement. The systems and methods may use a motion capture device to capture the clinical movement. A method may include analyzing information about the clinical movement to determine a path of motion representative of at least a portion of the clinical movement. The method may automatically define a path region or a virtual target in an augmented reality environment overlaid on a real environment. The method may display the path region or the virtual target on an augmented reality display.

Use of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in continuous glucose monitoring

USE OF ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY (EIS) IN CONTINUOUS GLUCOSE MONITORING A method of performing diagnostics on a subcutaneous or implanted sensor having at least one working electrode, comprising: defining a vector containing values associated with one or more electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)-based parameters and values associated with one or more non-EIS-based parameters; defining a respective threshold value for each of said EIS based parameters and each of said non-EIS-based parameters; performing a first EIS procedure to generate a first set of data for said values associated with the one or more EIS-based parameters; after a calculated time interval, performing a second EIS procedure to generate a second set of data for said values associated with the one or more EIS-based parameters; updating the vector with said first and second sets of data; and monitoring said vector values to determine whether the sensor has lost sensitivity.

Methods, systems, and devices for calibration and optimization of glucose sensors and sensor output

A continuous glucose monitoring system may utilize externally sourced information regarding the physiological state and ambient environment of its user for externally calibrating sensor glucose measurements. Externally sourced factory calibration information may be utilized, where the information is generated by comparing metrics obtained from the data used to generate the sensor's glucose sensing algorithm to similar data obtained from each batch of sensors to be used with the algorithm in the future. The output sensor glucose value of a glucose sensor may also be estimated by analytically optimizing input sensor signals to accurately correct for changes in sensitivity, run-in time, glucose current dips, and other variable sensor wear effects. Correction actors, fusion algorithms, EIS, and advanced ASICs may be used to implement the foregoing, thereby achieving the goal of improved accuracy and reliability without the need for blood-glucose calibration, and providing a calibration-free ...

Methods and systems for improving the reliability of orthogonally redundant sensors

A method of calibrating an orthogonally redundant sensor device for determining the concentration of glucose in a body of a user, said sensor device including at least an electrochemical glucose sensor and an optical glucose sensor, the method comprising: receiving a first signal from the electrochemical glucose sensor; receiving a second signal from the optical glucose sensor; performing a respective integrity check on each of said first and second signals; determining whether the first signal can be calibrated, and whether the second signal can be calibrated, wherein said determination is made based on whether the first signal and the second signal pass or fail their respective integrity checks; if it is determined that the first signal can be calibrated, calibrating said first signal to generate an electrochemical sensor glucose (SG) value; if it is determined that the second signal can be calibrated, calibrating said second signal to generate an optical sensor glucose (SG) value; and ...

Heterocyclic nitrogen containing polymer coated analyte monitoring device and methods of use

REAL TIME SELF-ADJUSTING CALIBRATION ALGORITHM

Analyte monitoring device and methods of use

In aspects of the present disclosure, a multi compatible or universal blood glucose monitoring unit including a calibration unit is integrated with one or more components of an analyte monitoring system to provide compatibility with in vitro test strip that require calibration code and test strips that do not require calibration code. Also disclosed are methods, systems, devices and kits for providing the same.

Non-invasive monitoring of blood metabolite levels

Solutions for non-invasively monitoring blood metabolite levels of a patient are disclosed. In one embodiment, the method includes: repeatedly measuring a plurality of electromagnetic impedance readings with a sensor array from: an epidermis layer of a patient and one of a dermis layer or a subcutaneous layer of the patient, until a difference between the readings exceeds a threshold; calculating an impedance value representing the difference using an equivalent circuit model and individual adjustment factor data representative of a physiological characteristic of the patient; and determining a blood metabolite level of the patient from the impedance value and a blood metabolite level algorithm, the blood metabolite level algorithm including blood metabolite level data versus electromagnetic impedance data value correspondence of the patient.

Tissue oxygen measurement system

Application of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in sensor systems, devices, and related methods

A diagnostic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) procedure is applied to measure values of impedance-related parameters for one or more sensing electrodes. The parameters may include real impedance, imaginary impedance, impedance magnitude, and/or phase angle. The measured values of the impedance-related parameters are then used in performing sensor diagnostics, calculating a highly-reliable fused sensor glucose value based on signals from a plurality of redundant sensing electrodes, calibrating sensors, detecting interferents within close proximity of one or more sensing electrodes, and testing surface area characteristics of electroplated electrodes. Advantageously, impedance-related parameters can be defined that are substantially glucose-independent over specific ranges of frequencies. An Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) enables implementation of the ElS-based diagnostics, fusion algorithms, and other processes based on measurement of ElS-based parameters.

Analyte meter with operational range configuration technique

Described are techniques governing the glycemic ranges that are applied and governed in the meter so the user is not required to understand or know the editing rules in order to use or set up the meter. These guiding principles will come into effect each time the user chooses to edit the ranges. There will be appropriate warning messages to inform the user if the user does not set the ranges correctly.

Methods and systems for improving the reliability of orthogonally redundant glucose sensors

Methods and systems for sensor calibration and sensor glucose (SG) fusion are used advantageously to improve the accuracy and reliability of orthogonally redundant glucose sensor devices, which may include optical and electrochemical glucose sensors. Calibration for both sensors may be achieved via fixed-offset and/or dynamic regression methodologies, depending, e.g., on sensor stability and Isig-Ratio pair correlation. For SG fusion, respective integrity checks may be performed for SG values from the optical and electrochemical sensors, and the SG values calibrated if the integrity checks are passed. Integrity checks may include checking for sensitivity loss, noise, and drift. If the integrity checks are failed, in-line sensor mapping between the electrochemical and optical sensors may be performed prior to calibration. The electrochemical and optical SG values may be weighted (as a function of the respective sensor's overall reliability index (RI)) and the weighted SGs combined to obtain ...

Methods for continuous glucose monitoring

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) may be used in conjunction with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) to enable identification of valid and reliable sensor data, as well implementation of Smart Calibration algorithms. Calibration of a glucose sensor may also be performed using a calibration factor based on the age of the sensor. Finally, a calibration interval for a glucose sensor may be determined.

System and method of assessing endothelial function

A medical diagnostic system and method for assessing endothelial function comprise adjusting a reactive hyperemia indicator, measured in response to a stimulus, based on an anthropomorphic and/or demographic variable. The adjusted reactive hyperemia indicator provides a more accurate reflection of endothelial function and can be communicated to a clinician.

Tissue-Integrating Sensors

TISSUE-INTEGRATING SENSORS Tissue-integrating biosensors, systems comprising these sensors and methods of using these sensors and systems for the detection of one or more analytes are provided.

Tissue-Integrating Sensors

Tissue-integrating biosensors, systems comprising these sensors and methods of using these sensors and systems for the detection of one or more analytes are provided.

Manual and automatic probe calibration

Manual and automatic probe calibration

Analyte monitoring device and methods of use

NON-INVASIVE SYSTEM FOR THE DETERMINATION OF ANALYTES IN BODY FLUIDS

A system for determining the concentration of an analyte in at least one body fluid in body tissue, the system compris- ing an infrared light source, a body tissue interface, a de- tector, and a central processing unit. The body tissue inter- face is adapted to contact body tissue and to deliver light from the infrared light source to the contacted body tissue. The detector is adapted to receive spectral information corre- sponding to infrared light transmitted through the portion of body tissue being analyzed and to convert the received spec- tral information into an electrical signal indicative of the received spectral information. The central processing unit is adapted to compare the electrical signal to an algorithm built upon correlation with the analyte in body fluid, the algorithm adapted to convert the received spectral information into the concentration of the analyte in at least one body fluid.

CLOSED LOOP SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING INSULIN INFUSION

A closed loop infusion system controls the rate that fluid is infused into the body of a user. The closed loop infusion system includes a sensor system, a controller, and a delivery system. The sensor system includes a sensor for monitoring a condition of the user. The sensor produces a sensor signal, which is representative of the condition of the user. The sensor signal is used to generate a controller input. The controller uses the controller input to generate commands to operate the delivery system. The delivery system infuses a liquid into the user at a rate dictated by the commands from the controller. Preferably, the sensor system monitors the glucose concentration in the body of the user, and the liquid infused by the delivery system into the body of the user includes insulin. The sensor system uses the sensor signal to generate a message that is sent to the delivery system. The message includes the information used to generate the controller input. The sensor may be a subcutaneous ...

METHODS, SYSTEMS, AND ASSOCIATED IMPLANTABLE DEVICES FOR DYNAMIC MONITORING OF TUMORS

Methods of monitoring and evaluating the status of a tumor undergoing treatment includes monitoring in vivo at least one physiological parameter associated with a tumor in a subject undergoing treatment, transmitting data from an in situ located sensor to a receiver external of the subject, analyzing the transmitted data, repeating the monitoring and transmitting steps at sequential points in time and evaluating a treatment strategy. The method provides dynamic tracking of the monitored parameters over time. The method can also include identifying in a substantially real time manner when conditions are favorable for treatment and when conditions are unfavorable for treatment and can verify or quantify how much of a known drug dose or radiation dose was actually received at the tumor. The method can include remote transmission from a non- clinical site to allow oversight of the tumor's condition even during non-active treatment periods (in between active treatments). The disclosure also ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING DATA PROCESSING AND CONTROL IN MEDICAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

Methods and apparatus for providing data processing and control for use i n a medical communication system are provided.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING DATA PROCESSING AND CONTROL IN MEDICAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

Methods and apparatus for providing data processing and control for use i n a medical communication system are provided.

UNIVERSAL/UPGRADING PULSE OXIMETER

A universal/upgrading pulse oximeter (UPO) comprises a portable unit and a docking station together providing three-instruments-in-one functionality for measuring oxygen saturation and related physiological parameters. The portable unit functions as a handheld pulse oximeter. The combination of the docked portable and the docking station functions as a stand-alone, high-performance pulse oximeter. The portable-docking station combination is also connectable to, and universally compatible with, pulse oximeters from various manufacturers through use of a waveform generator. The UPO provides a universal sensor to pulse oximeter interface and a pulse oximeter measurement capability that upgrades the performance of conventional instruments by increasing low perfusion performance and motion artefact immunity, for example. Universal compatibility combined with portability allows the UPO to be transported along with patients transferred between an ambulance and a hospital ER, or between various ...

HEALTH MONITOR

Methods and systems for enhanced analyte monitoring systems are provided. The methods and systems provide for permitting a data processing device coupled to an analyte sensor to retrieve stored analyte data which is collected over a period of time via a communications link with a receiver device. These methods and systems may therefore allow for integrating or transferring data between continuous glucose (CG) monitoring systems and discrete blood glucose (BG) meters to provide for enhanced analyte monitoring.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR REMEDYING SENSOR MALFUNCTIONS DETECTED BY ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY

A method and system that enables a user to maintain a sensor in real time. The present invention involves performing a diagnostic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) procedure to measure sensor impedance value in order to determine if the sensor is operating at an optimal level. If the sensor is not operating at an optimal level, the present invention may further involve performing a sensor remedial action. The sensor remedial action involves reversing the DC voltage being applied between the working electrode and the reference electrode. The reversed DC voltage may be coupled with an AC voltage to extend its reach.

ION SELECTIVE ELECTRODES

ION SELECTIVE ELECTRODES of the Invention An ion selective electrode capable of production in miniaturized form suitable for in vivo monitoring is produced by coating a metal-metal salt half cell 48 with a layer 40 of hydrophilic material containing electrolyte with an overlayer 42 of an ion selective membrane. The coatings may be applied by a dipping and drying process. Stability is enhanced by addition of silver black 46 and platinum black 44 to the half cell and those materials may be added as layers in a similar dip and dry process. A companion reference electrode half cell is made of the same materials that are used in making the "half cell" portion of the selective electrode, except that the reference half cell is coated with a protein layer. Special packaging and a special procedure facilitate calibration.

BLOOD GAS SENSOR AMPLIFIER AND TESTING SYSTEM

ADAPTIVE CALIBRATION PULSED OXIMETRY METHOD AND DEVICE

A method for determining an arterial blood oxygen saturation level according to this invention includes measuring the light transmittance through tissue of light of a first wavelength, and a second wavelength (20). A steady-state component of the measured light transmission is used to select an appropriate calibration curve (30). A pulsatile component of the measured light transmission is used to determine the arterial blood oxygen saturation level using the selected calibration curve (40). An oximetry system is also provided.

LED FORWARD VOLTAGE ESTIMATION IN PULSE OXIMETER

An apparatus and method for determining if a forward voltage of an LED in a pulse oximeter is within a predetermined range. This is accomplished by measuring the current through the LED, and also by knowing the duty cycle of the pulse width modulator (PWM) drive signal to the LED.

AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR MONITORING A PATIENT'S BLOOD SUGAR

L'invention concerne un système automatisé de contrôle de la glycémie d'un patient, comportant un capteur de glycémie (101) et une unité de traitement et de contrôle (105), dans lequel l'unité de traitement et de contrôle (105) est configurée pour calculer, à partir d'un premier modèle mathématique fCR spécifique au patient et en tenant compte d'une unique valeur de glycémie Gr mesurée par le capteur, un coefficient CR représentatif de la sensibilité à l'insuline du patient.

USE OF ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY (EIS) IN CONTINUOUS GLUCOSE MONITORING

METHODS, SYSTEMS, AND DEVICES FOR SENSOR FUSION

A single, optimal, fused sensor glucose value may be calculated based on respective sensor glucose values of a plurality of redundant working electrodes (WEs) of a glucose sensor. Respective electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) procedures may be performed for each of the WEs to obtain values of membrane resistance (Rmem) for each WE. A noise value and a calibration factor (CF) value may be calculated for each WE, and respective fusion weights may be calculated for Rmem, noise, and CF for each WE. An overall fusion weight may then be calculated based on the WE' s Rmem fusion weight, noise fusion weight, and CF fusion weight, such that a single, optimal, fused sensor glucose value may be calculated based on the respective overall fusion weight and sensor glucose value of each of the plurality of redundant working electrodes.

USING PROXIMAL LOCATION SENSORS TO IMPROVE ACCURACY AND LOCATION IMMUNITY TO INTERFERENCE

A system and method for determining location of a tool having a distal end sensor and at least one other sensor is presented. The method can comprise obtaining data from the distal end sensor, performing convergence on the obtained data, the convergence indicating whether or not the obtained data is disturbed, when the convergence indicates the obtained data is not disturbed, calculate the location of the tool using the obtained data, and when the convergence indicates the obtained data is disturbed, obtaining additional data from the at least one other sensor, performing the convergence on the obtained additional data, and calculating the location of the tool using the obtained additional data.

TRACKED SUCTION TOOL

A device and method is provided for a trackable suction tool for surgical use. The tracked suction tool includes a tubular handle with a main tube and an entrance tube extending from the main tube, a flattened section of the main tube with a suction-regulating orifice, a tip connected to the main tube distal end and a tracking mechanism connected to a handle proximal end. A method is provided for tracking the position of a tracked suction device including attaching a tip to a handle in one of a plurality of fixed positions, attaching a tracking mechanism to the handle in one of a plurality of fixed positions, calibrating the position of the tip with a positional tracking system using the tracking mechanism, positioning the tracking markers in view of the positional tracking system and tracking a position of the distal end of the tip of the suction device.

INTEGRATED DISEASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

An integrated disease management system provides patients with simple, quick, and readily available counseling regarding a healthy diabetic lifestyle. The system can include an interactive engine with predictive analytics and machine learning to provide a customized experience for a user. The system can be configured to transmit data to a remote server to perform analysis of received data (e.g., disease management data), to provide feedback to the user (e.g., customized feedback with curated content based on a user's data and interface interactions), and send all or a portion of the data and/or curated content to another user device or remote health management access point (e.g., as cloud storage) where the information can be accessed by healthcare stakeholder.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETECTION OF MULTIPLE ANALYTES

An apparatus (10) for analyzing the composition of bodily fluid. The apparatus comprises a fluid handling network including a patient end (11) configured to maintain fluid communication with a bodily fluid in a patient and at least one pump (203) intermittently operable to draw a sample of bodily fluid from the patient. The apparatus further comprises a fluid analyzer (140) positioned to analyze at least a portion of the sample and measure the presence of two or more analytes . Also disclosed is a method for analyzing the composition of a bodily fluid in a patient. The method comprises drawing a sample of the bodily fluid of the patient through a fluid handling network configured to maintain fluid communication with a bodily fluid in a patient. The method further comprises analyzing the at least a portion of the sample in a fluid analyzer to estimate the concentration of two or more analytes in the sample. Disclosed are further means for separating plasma and serum and a spectroscopic analyzer ...

METHOD OF CALIBRATING A SPECTROSCOPIC DEVICE

The present invention provides a method of calibrating a spectroscopic device for providing a non-invasive measurement of an analyte level in a sample. The method comprises the steps of: (a) providing a plurality of calibration algorithms; (b) taking a set of non-invasive measurements on said sample with said spectroscopic device; (c) calculating a predicted set of analyte levels for each of the calibration algorithms in response to the set of non-invasive measurements, each of the predicted sets of analyte levels being characterized by a variability range, a slope, an R2 (a square of the correlation between said set of non-invasive measurements and said predicted set of analyte levels), and a standard error of prediction; and (d) selecting an appropriate calibration algorithm by using a suitability score based on the variability range, the slope, the R2 and the standard error of prediction for each of the predicted sets of analyte levels. A method of generating suitable calibration algorithms ...

ION SELECTIVE ELECTRODES

TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION FOR ENZYME ELECTRODES

A temperature compensation method for an enzyme electrode by measuring an operating temperature of the enzyme electrode, measuring the current genera ted by the enzyme electrode, determining a deviation in measurement between the current generated and a reference current at the operating temperature, determining an enzyme concentration corresponding to the measured current, a nd calibrating the enzyme concentration to compensate for the deviation in m easurement.

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ANALYTE MEASUREMENT

A device for non-invasively measuring concentration of one or more analytes in a living subject or a biological sample, wherein the device includes several light sources, a system for controlling the timing and intensity of the light source outputs, a system for passing the light through the subject or sample, a system for measuring the amount of light transmitted, and a system for relating the measurement to the concentration of the analyte in question. The light sources are narrow band sources at different wavelengths, and are capable of being rapidly switched between two levels of intensity. The actual number of light sources required and the wavelengths of the sources are dependent upon the specific analyte being measured.

TRANSCUTANEOUS ANALYTE SENSORS AND MONITORS, CALIBRATION THEREOF, AND ASSOCIATED METHODS

Systems and methods are provided to calibrate an analyte concentration sensor within a biological system, generally using only a signal from the analyte concentration sensor. For example, at a steady state, the analyte concentration value within the biological system is known, and the same may provide a source for calibration. Similar techniques may be employed with slow-moving averages. Variations are disclosed.

METHODS OF USING INFORMATION FROM RECOVERY PULSES IN ELECTROCHEMICAL ANALYTE MEASUREMENTS AS WELL AS DEVICES, APPARATUSES AND SYSTEMS INCORPORATING THE SAME

Methods are disclosed for measuring an analyte concentration in a fluidic sample. Such methods allow one to correct and/or compensate for confounding variables such as temperature before providing an analyte concentration. The measurement methods use response information from a test sequence having at least one DC block, where the DC block includes at least one excitation pulse and at least one recovery pulse, and where a closed circuit condition of an electrode system is maintained during the at least one recovery pulse. Information encoded in the at least one recovery pulse is used to correct/compensate for temperature effects on the analyte concentration. Also disclosed are devices, apparatuses and systems incorporating the various measurement methods.

SELF-IDENTIFYING OXIMETRY SENSOR SYSTEM

A system includes a plurality of sensors and a monitor. Each sensor of the plurality of sensors has a sensor output corresponding to a physiological measurement. Each sensor has a parameter associated with the sensor output. The monitor has a monitor processor, a display, and multiple channels. Each channel is configured to receive a sensor output from a sensor of the plurality of sensors. The monitor processor is configured to execute a set of instructions and configured to depict the physiological measurement using the display. The sensor output is configured using the parameter associated with the sensor output. The parameter corresponds to at least one of the channel associated with the sensor and a code received using the channel.

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR OPTIMIZING SENSOR FUNCTION BY THE APPLICATION OF VOLTAGE

A method is provided for initializing an analyte sensor, such as a glucose sensor. Where a sensor has been disconnected and reconnected, a disconnection time is determined and a sensor initialization protocol is selected based upon the disconnection time. The sensor initialization protocol may include applying a first series of voltage pulses to the sensor. A method for detecting hydration of a sensor is also provided.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETECTION OF MULTIPLE ANALYTES

An apparatus for analyzing the composition of bodily fluid. The apparatus comprises a fluid handling network including a patient end configured to maintain fluid communication with a bodily fluid in a patient and at least one pump intermittently operable to draw a sample of bodily fluid from the patient. The apparatus further comprises a fluid analyzer positioned to analyze at least a portion of the sample and measure the presence of two or more analytes. Also disclosed is a method for analyzing the composition of a bodily fluid in a patient. The method comprises drawing a sample of the bodily fluid of the patient through a fluid handling network configured to maintain fluid communication with a bodily fluid in a patient. The method further comprises analyzing the at least a portion of the sample in a fluid analyzer to estimate the concentration of two or more analytes in the sample. Disclosed are further means for separating plasma and serum and a spectroscopic analyzer.

TISSUE SITE DETECTION

A device includes a housing, an emitter, a detector, and a processor. The housing has a body contact surface. The emitter is coupled to the housing and has an emission surface and has an electrical terminal. The emission surface is configured to emit light proximate the body contact surface in response to a signal applied to the electrical terminal. The detector is coupled to the housing. The detector has a sense surface and an output terminal. The detector is configured to provide an output signal on the output terminal in response to light detected at the sensor surface. The processor is configured to implement an algorithm to determine a tissue site based on the emitted light and based on the detected light.

CALIBRATION OF GLUCOSE MONITORING SENSOR AND/OR INSULIN DELIVERY SYSTEM

Disclosed are methods, apparatuses, etc. for calibrating glucose monitoring sensors and/or insulin delivery systems. In certain example embodiments, blood glucose reference samples may be correlated with sensor measurements with regard to a delay associated with the sensor measurements. In certain other example embodiments, one or more parameters of a probability model may be estimated based on blood glucose reference sample-sensor measurement pairs. Based on such information, function(s) for estimating a blood-glucose concentration in a patient may be determined.

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR IMPROVING THE RELIABILITY OF ORTHOGONALLY REDUNDANT SENSORS

Methods and systems for sensor calibration and sensor glucose (SG) fusion are used advantageously to improve the accuracy and reliability of orthogonally redundant glucose sensor devices, which may include optical and electrochemical glucose sensors. Calibration for both sensors may be achieved via fixed-offset and/or dynamic regression methodologies, depending, e.g., on sensor stability and Isig-Ratio pair correlation. For SG fusion, respective integrity checks may be performed for SG values from the optical and electrochemical sensors, and the SG values calibrated if the integrity checks are passed. Integrity checks may include checking for sensitivity loss, noise, and drift. If the integrity checks are failed, in-line sensor mapping between the electrochemical and optical sensors may be performed prior to calibration. The electrochemical and optical SG values may be weighted (as a function of the respective sensor's overall reliability index (RI)) and the weighted SGs combined to obtain ...

METHOD OF AND SYSTEM FOR STABILIZATION OF SENSORS

A blood glucose sensing system includes a sensor and a sensor electronics device. The sensor includes a plurality of electrodes. The sensor electronics device includes stabilization circuitry. The stabiltzation circuitry cases a first voltage to be applied to one of the electrodes for a first timeframe and causes a second voltage to be applied to one of the electrodes for a second timeframe. The stabilization circuitry repeats the application of the first voltage and the second voltage to continue the anodic - cathodic cycle. The sensor electronics device may include a power supply, a regulator, and a voltage application device, where the voltage application device receives a regulator voltage from the regulator, applies a first voltage to an electrode for the first timeframe, and applies a second voltage to an electrode for the second timeframe.

CALIBRATION SYSTEM FOR A PRESSURE-SENSITIVE CATHETER

A calibration apparatus includes a fixture, which is coupled to accept a probe so that a distal tip of the probe presses against a point in the fixture and produces first measurements indicative of a deformation of the distal tip relative to a distal end of the probe, in response to pressure exerted on the distal tip. A sensing device is coupled to the fixture and is configured to produce second measurements of a mechanical force exerted by the distal tip against the point. A calibration processor is configured to receive the first measurements from the probe, to receive the second measurements from the sensing device and to compute, based on the first and second measurements, one or more calibration coefficients for assessing the pressure as a function of the first measurements.

PROCESSING AND DETECTING BASELINE CHANGES IN SIGNALS

According to embodiments, systems and methods for detecting the occurrence of events from a signal are provided. A signal processing system may analyze baseline changes and changes in signal characteristics to detect events from a signal. The system may also detect events by analyzing energy parameters and artifacts in a scalogram of the signal. Further, the system may detect events by analyzing both the signal and its corresponding scalogram.

POLAR PLOT TO REPRESENT GLUCOSE SENSOR PERFORMANCE

Disclosed are methods, apparatuses, etc. for providing a visual expression of the performance of one or more blood glucose sensors. In one particular example, a relative comparison of a rate of change sensor blood glucose and a rate of change in reference blood glucose may be expressed in a polar plot or graph. The polar plot or graph may then be generated onto a visual medium.

METHOD AND/OR SYSTEM FOR MULTICOMPARTMENT ANALYTE MONITORING

Subject matter disclosed herein relates to monitoring and/or controlling levels of an analyte in bodily fluid. In particular, estimation of a concentration of the analyte in a first physiological compartment based upon observations of a concentration of the analyte in a second physiological compartment may account for a latency in transporting the analyte between the first and second physiologica! compartments.

METHOD AND/OR SYSTEM FOR MULTICOMPARTMENT ANALYTE MONITORING

Subject matter disclosed herein relates to monitoring and/or controlling levels of an analyte in bodily fluid. In particular, estimation of a concentration of the analyte in a first physiological compartment based upon observations of a concentration of the analyte in a second physiological compartment may account for a latency in transporting the analyte between the first and second physiologica! compartments.

APPLICATION OF ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY IN SENSOR SYSTEMS, DEVICES, AND RELATED METHODS

A diagnostic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) procedure is applied to measure values of impedance-related parameters for one or more sensing electrodes. The parameters may include real impedance, imaginary impedance, impedance magnitude, and/or phase angle. The measured values of the impedance-related parameters are then used in performing sensor diagnostics, calculating a highly-reliable fused sensor glucose value based on signals from a plurality of redundant sensing electrodes, calibrating sensors, detecting interferents within close proximity of one or more sensing electrodes, and testing surface area characteristics of electroplated electrodes. Advantageously, impedance-related parameters can be defined that are substantially glucose-independent over specific ranges of frequencies. An Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) enables implementation of the ElS-based diagnostics, fusion algorithms, and other processes based on measurement of ElS-based parameters.

METHOD OF TESTING THE ACCURACY OF PULSE OXIMETERS & DEVICE THEREFOR

Device and method for testing the accuracy of pulse oximeters used in estimating arterial blood saturation levels. The device is for use in enabling a pulse oximeter to measure the absorption of the radiation emitted by said oximeter by a pulsatile liquid contained within said device, which device comprises said liquid, a resiliently flexible displaceable member adjacent said liquid and means for operably effecting rhythmic movement of said displaceable member with a steady frequency and amplitude so as to effect a change in the depth of a volume of said liquid in the direction acted upon by said radiation such that said liquid is operably provided in pulsatile form while under the influence of said radiation. The device provides a cheap and convenient method of testing the accuracy of the pulse oximeters.

STERILE LOOP CALIBRATION SYSTEM

... 44941 CAN 9A An endless path calibration system comprising a sensor cassette having a flow-through passage and at least one sensor to be calibrated, a chamber coupled to the sensor cassette to define an endless path and a sterile calibration liquid in the endless path. A gas injection passage for injecting gas into the sterile calibration liquid and a gas vent leading from the endless path to the exterior of the endless path. A check valve allows gas to escape from the endless path and substantially prevents gas and liquid from entering the endless path through the gas vent.

TEMPERATURE STABILIZED FLUID CALIBRATION SYSTEM

A method and system for controlling the concentration of one or more gaseous species of interest in a sample medium throughout a range of temperature in which a temperature related, time variable dominant independent source of the gaseous species of interest is used to control the partial pressure of one or more gaseous species of interest contained in the sample medium in a manner such that the concentration of the gaseous species of interest in the sample medium remains essentially the same over the temperature range. The source of the gaseous species of interest comprises a reservoir containing an amount of a temperature sensitive source of the gaseous species of interest. The sample and the reservoir are contained in separate fluid-tight, gas-permeable enclosures further confined by a common substantially gas-tight enclosure.

BIOSENSOR, IONTOPHORETIC SAMPLING SYSTEM, AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF

An automated system for continual transdermal extraction of analytes present in a biological system is provided. The system can be used for detecting and/or measuring the concentration of the analyte using an electrochemical biosensor detection means. The system optionally uses reverse iontophoresis to carry out the continual transdermal extraction of the analytes.

INSTRUMENT PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION SYSTEM

A device and method that tests and monitors, either automatically or manuall y, the instrument performance of various components electrically linked to the electronic circuit of a diagnostic instrument. The components of the electronic circuit including the potentiometric operational amplifiers and multi-channel connector are tested for leakage current, A/D reference voltag e, edge connector contact resistance, and background noise.

System and/or method for glucose sensor calibration

The subject matter disclosed herein relates to systems, methods and/or devices for calibrating sensor data to be used in estimating a blood glucose concentration. A relationship between sensor signal values and reference readings may be used to estimate a relationship between sensor signal values and measurements of blood glucose concentration.

Real-time self-calibrating sensor system and method

A system and method for calibrating a sensor of a characteristic monitoring system in real time utilizes a self-calibration module for periodic determination of, and compensation for, the IR drop across unwanted resistances in a cell. A current-interrupt switch is used to open the self-calibration module circuit and either measure the IR drop using a high-frequency (MHz) ADC module, or estimate it through linear regression of acquired samples of the voltage across the sensor's working and reference electrodes (Vmeasured) over time. The IR drop is then subtracted from the closed-circuit value of Vmeasured to calculate the overpotential that exists in the cell (Vimportant). Vimportant may be further optimized by subtracting the value of the open-circuit voltage (Voc) across the sensor's working and reference electrodes. The values of Vmeasured and Vimportant are then controlled by respective first and second control units to compensate for the IR drop.

Method And Apparatus For Providing Data Processing And Control In A Medical Communication System

Methods and apparatus for providing data processing and control for use in a medical communication system are provided.

Determination and application of glucose sensor reliability indicator and/or metric

Disclosed are a system and method for determining a metric and/or indicator of a reliability of a blood glucose sensor in providing glucose measurements. In one aspect, the metric and/or indicator may be computed based, at least in part, on an observed trend associated with signals generated by the blood glucose sensor.

Analyte sensor

The present invention relates generally to systems and methods for measuring an analyte in a host. More particularly, the present invention relates to systems and methods for transcutaneous measurement of glucose in a host.

Method of Calibrating an Analyte-Measurement Device, and Associated Methods, Devices and Systems

The invention relates to a method for calibrating an analyte-measurement device that is used to evaluate a concentration of analyte in bodily fluid at or from a measurement site in a body. The method involves measuring a concentration, or calibration concentration, of an analyte in blood from an “off-finger” calibration site, and calibrating the analyte-measurement device based on that calibration concentration. The invention also relates to a device, system, or kit for measuring a concentration of an analyte in a body, which employs a calibration device for adjusting analyte concentration measured in bodily fluid based on an analyte concentration measured in blood from an “off-finger” calibration site.

POSITIONING SYSTEM, APPARATUS, AND METHOD FOR WIRELESS MONITORING OF ESOPHAGEAL pH VALUE

A positioning system, an apparatus, and a method for wireless monitoring of esophageal pH value. The positioning system includes an internal transmitting apparatus and an external recording apparatus. The external recording apparatus includes a second element, and the second element of the external recording apparatus cooperates with a first element of the internal transmitting apparatus. If the external recording apparatus detects that the internal transmitting apparatus is not located in the preset region, alerting action is conducted under the control of a micro-processor. The external recording apparatus periodically detects the intensity of a signal received by a second wireless transceiver module, under the control of the micro-processor, and if the signal intensity is not within the preset range, the alerting action is conducted under the control of the micro-processor.

Transceiver unit in a measurement system

A measurement system may comprise a sensor wire and a transceiver unit. The sensor wire may comprise an insertable portion configured to be inserted in a blood vessel of a patient's body and a sensor disposed within the insertable portion at a distal end of the sensor wire. The sensor is configured to measure a parameter when inserted inside the patient. The transceiver unit may comprise: a housing adapted to be connected to a proximal end of the sensor wire; and a first communication module within the housing adapted to wirelessly communicate by a communication signal with an external second communication module in order to transfer information to the external second communication module.

Method to recalibrate continuous glucose monitoring data on-line

In a method of recalibrating continuous glucose monitoring data from a user, operable on a digital processor, an indication from the user that the user has taken a meal is received ( 806 ). A self-monitored of blood glucose levels from the user ( 810 ) at two separate times during a day corresponding to when the user has taken a meal. A glucose signal is received from a continuous glucose monitoring sensor ( 818 ) at times corresponding to the two separate times that the user has taken a meal. Two reconstructed blood glucose values based on the glucose signal from the continuous monitoring sensor at times when the at least two self-monitored of blood glucose levels are received from the user. A linear regression is performed ( 822 ) using y=ax+b, wherein x corresponds to the two reconstructed blood glucose values and y corresponds to the two self-monitored of blood glucose levels thereby generating an estimation of a and b. A recalibration signal, including the estimation of a and b, is transmitted to the continuous glucose monitoring sensor ( 824 ) based on the linear regression.

System and methods for determination of analyte concentration using time resolved amperometry

A method for determining a concentration of an analyte is disclosed. The method includes applying a potential excitation to a fluid sample containing an analyte and determining if a current decay curve associated with the fluid sample has entered an analyte depletion stage. The method also includes measuring a plurality of current values associated with the fluid sample during the analyte depletion stage and calculating an analyte concentration based on at least one of the plurality of current values.

Sensor Calibration

A sensor kit comprising a sensor for detecting an analyte, a sensor housing and a calibration chamber. The calibration chamber comprises a first compartment containing a first calibration solution and a second compartment containing a source of the analyte to be detected. A dividing material is located between the first and second compartments enabling them to be mixed on breakage or removal of the dividing material. Further compartment(s) containing further source(s) of the analyte may optionally be provided. Calibration can carried out by (a) taking a reading of the analyte concentration of the first calibration solution, (b) mixing the contents of the first and second compartments by breaking or removing the dividing material, and (c) taking a reading of the analyte concentration of the resulting mixture. Steps (b) and (c) can be repeated for further compartment(s) to provide further reading(s) if desired.

Method for detecting a malfunction of a sensor for measuring an analyte concentration in vivo

The invention relates to a method for detecting a malfunction of a sensor for measuring an analyte concentration in vivo, wherein a series of measurement signals is produced by means of the sensor, and a value of a noise parameter is continually determined from the measuring signals, the noise parameter indicating how severely the measurement is impaired by interference signals. According to the invention, continually determined values of the noise parameter are used to determine how quickly the noise parameter changes, and the rate of change of the noise parameter is evaluated to detect a malfunction.

Detection of oximetry sensor sites based on waveform characteristics

In accordance with an embodiment of the present technique, there is provided methods and systems for detecting the location of a sensor and determining calibration algorithms and/or coefficients for calculation of physiological parameters based on the detected location. An exemplary embodiment includes receiving a signal corresponding to absorption of at least one wavelength of light by a patient's tissue, generating a plethysmographic waveform from the signal, determining an identifying characteristic of the plethysmographic waveform, and determining a location of the sensor based on a comparison of the identifying characteristic with at least one defined criterion.

Advanced analyte sensor calibration and error detection

Systems and methods for processing sensor data and self-calibration are provided. In some embodiments, systems and methods are provided which are capable of calibrating a continuous analyte sensor based on an initial sensitivity, and then continuously performing self-calibration without using, or with reduced use of, reference measurements. In certain embodiments, a sensitivity of the analyte sensor is determined by applying an estimative algorithm that is a function of certain parameters. Also described herein are systems and methods for determining a property of an analyte sensor using a stimulus signal. The sensor property can be used to compensate sensor data for sensitivity drift, or determine another property associated with the sensor, such as temperature, sensor membrane damage, moisture ingress in sensor electronics, and scaling factors.

Integrated lancing device

A lancing device is provided that has a housing with a length greater than a width. Electronics are positioned in an interior of the housing. A test strip aperture is in the housing and is adapted to receive a body fluid test strip. A lancet aperture is positioned in line with the test strip aperture.

Method and Apparatus for Providing Data Processing and Control in a Medical Communication System

Methods and apparatus for providing data processing and control for use in a medical communication system are provided.

Methods for Generating Hybrid Analyte Level Output, and Devices and Systems Related Thereto

Generally, methods, devices, and systems for generating a hybrid analyte level output are provided. The uncompensated analyte levels lag in time with respect to the lag-compensated analyte levels, and the hybrid analyte level output tracks between the uncompensated analyte levels and the lag-compensated analyte levels according to predetermined criteria.

Method and/or system for multicompartment analyte monitoring

Subject matter disclosed herein relates to monitoring and/or controlling levels of an analyte in bodily fluid. In particular, estimation of a concentration of the analyte in a first physiological compartment based upon observations of a concentration of the analyte in a second physiological compartment may account for a latency in transporting the analyte between the first and second physiological compartments.

Polar plot to represent glucose sensor performance

Disclosed are methods, apparatuses, etc. for providing a visual expression of the performance of one or more blood glucose sensors. In one particular example, a relative comparison of a rate of change sensor blood glucose and a rate of change in reference blood glucose may be expressed in a polar plot or graph. The polar plot or graph may then be generated onto a visual medium.

METHOD AND MEASURING DEVICE FOR GATHERING SIGNALS MEASURED IN VITAL TISSUE

The invention relates to a method for calibrating a spectrometer equipped with a CCD array, the CCD array recording a spectrum from a reference volume emitter. The raw data hereby recorded are used to generate a function which describes an etaloning effect that occurs, said function being saved in the spectrometer as a correction function for measurements obtained from volume emitters. 1. A process for the calibration of a spectrometer equipped with a CCD array , in which the CCD array records a first calibration spectrum and a second calibration spectrum , in which for generating these calibration spectra reference structures are illuminated , that distinguish significantly as for the escape depth of the light emitted by them.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein from these two calibration spectra a correction system is determined claim 1 , by which the recording signals of the CCD array used in each case are individually standardized.3. The process according to claim 2 , wherein the correction system is deposited as characteristic field or parameterized correction function in a command unit of a corresponding spectrometer.4. The process according to claim 3 , wherein several correction systems for certain substances are generated.5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein for example for the measurement of selected tissue or blood components each time optimized correction systems are used.6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein from the latter in an evaluation step depth information for the origin depth of the recorded light is obtained.7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein on the basis of this depth information the correction system is further refined.8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein several correction systems are generated by using several master samples in which a substance reference is contained in different concentrations.9. A process for the calibration of a spectrometer equipped with a CCD array in which the CCD array ...

Analyte Monitoring Device and Methods of Use

In aspects of the present disclosure, a multi compatible or universal blood glucose monitoring unit including a calibration unit is integrated with one or more components of an analyte monitoring system to provide compatibility with in vitro test strip that require calibration code and test strips that do not require calibration code. Also disclosed are methods, systems, devices and kits for providing the same. 1. A component of an in vivo continuous glucose monitoring system that determines glucose level by way of in vivo glucose sensors and in vitro glucose test strips , comprising:a test strip receiving port that receives coded in vitro glucose test strips that require user calibration action to calibrate the test strip and no-coded in vitro glucose test strips that do not require user calibration action to calibrate the test strip;a processor programmed to determine glucose concentration from electrical signal obtained from in vivo glucose sensors at least partially inserted into the skin of a user, and from both coded and non-coded in vitro glucose test strips received in the test strip receiving port by first determining if a received in vitro glucose test strip is a coded or non-coded test strip, selecting a coded or non-coded processing algorithm to process the signal once determined, and processing the signal to determine an in vitro glucose value; anda user interface configured to communicate glucose level determined by the processor.2. The component of claim 1 , further comprising programming to automatically determine if a received in vitro glucose test strip is a coded or a non-coded test strip.3. The component of claim 1 , further comprising user-selectable inputs that identify a received in vitro glucose test strip as a coded or a non-coded test strip.4. The component of claim 1 , wherein the processor is programmed to generate a request for a calibration code if a coded test strip is received in the test strip port.5. The component of claim 1 , ...

Systems and methods for determining physiological parameters using measured analyte values

Systems and methods for determining a physiological parameter in a patient are provided. In certain embodiments, a system can include an analyte detection system configured to measure first analyte data in a fluid sample received from a patient, a medical sensor configured to measure second analyte data in the patient, and a processor configured to receive the first analyte data and the second analyte data and to determine a physiological parameter based at least in part on the first analyte data and the second analyte data. In certain such embodiments, the medical sensor may be a pulse oximeter, and the physiological parameter may include a cardiovascular parameter including, for example, cardiac output.

ANALYTE SENSOR

Systems and methods of use for continuous analyte measurement of a host's vascular system are provided. In some embodiments, a continuous glucose measurement system includes a vascular access device, a sensor and sensor electronics, the system being configured for insertion into communication with a host's circulatory system. 121-. (canceled)22. A method for detecting a fluidics malfunction of an analyte sensor system in a circulatory system of a host , the method comprising:providing an apparatus comprising an external surface, a first orifice and a second orifice, wherein at least one of the first orifice and the second orifice is configured to couple with a fluid flow device; a lumen, at least one sensor disposed within the lumen of the apparatus;contacting the at least one sensor with a plurality of samples from the circulatory system of a host; andgenerating a signal from each of the at least one sensors for the plurality of samples;monitoring a pattern of signal increases or decreases generated from each of the at least one sensor from the plurality of samples; anddetecting a fluidics malfunction.23. The method of claim 22 , further comprising processing the signals from each of the sensors.24. The method of claim 22 , wherein the generating step comprises at least one of electrochemically generating claim 22 , optically generating claim 22 , radiochemically generating claim 22 , physically generating claim 22 , chemically generating claim 22 , immunochemically generating claim 22 , and enzymatically generating a signal from each of the plurality of sensors.25. The method of claim 22 , further comprising reinfusing the withdrawn sample into the host.2621. The method of claim claim 22 , further comprising washing the sensors with an infusion fluid.2721. The method of claim claim 22 , further comprising calibrating the signal of at least one of the sensors. This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/691,466 filed Mar. 26, 2007; ...

PULSE OXIMETRY SYSTEM

Systems and methods for estimating a saturation level of oxygen in hemoglobin (SpO2) are provided. In some aspects, a system includes a detector module configured to receive an oximeter output signal indicative of light absorption in a patient. The oximeter output signal alternates between infrared light components and red light components, and includes a first portion obtained at least partly during switching from at least one of the infrared components to at least one of the red components. The oximeter output signal also includes a second portion obtained at least partly during switching from at least one of the red components to at least one of the infrared components. The system also includes a processing module configured to estimate an SpO2 of the patient as a ratio between (i) a time derivative of the first portion and (ii) a time derivative of the second portion. 1. A system , for estimating a saturation level of oxygen in hemoglobin (SpO) , comprising: a first portion obtained at least partly during switching from at least one of the infrared components to at least one of the red components; and', 'a second portion obtained at least partly during switching from at least one of the red components to at least one of the infrared components; and, 'a detector module configured to receive an oximeter output signal indicative of light absorption in a patient, the oximeter output signal alternating between infrared light components and red light components and comprising{'sub': '2', 'a processing module configured to estimate an SpOof the patient as a ratio between (i) a time derivative of the first portion and (ii) a time derivative of the second portion.'}2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the oximeter output signal alternates between the infrared light components and the red light components according to a predetermined frequency.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the time derivative of the first portion is with respect to a switching time duration claim 2 , ...

Analyte Sensor

Systems and methods of use for continuous analyte measurement of a host's vascular system are provided. In some embodiments, a continuous glucose measurement system includes a vascular access device, a sensor and sensor electronics, the system being configured for insertion into communication with a host's circulatory system. 1. A method for measuring an analyte in a host , comprising:exposing a continuous analyte detection system to a sample, wherein the continuous analyte detection system comprises a continuous analyte sensor configured for contact with a sample from a circulatory system of a host in vivo and configured to generate a first signal associated with a test analyte and a second signal associated with a reference analyte, and a reference sensor configured to generate a reference signal associated with the reference analyte;receiving the first signal, the second signal, and the reference signal;calculating a calibration factor associated with a sensitivity of the continuous analyte sensor; andcalibrating the first signal, wherein calibrating comprises using the calibration factor.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the exposing step further comprises simultaneously exposing the continuous analyte sensor and the reference sensor to the sample.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the receiving step further comprises receiving the first signal from a first working electrode disposed under an enzymatic portion of a membrane system.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the receiving step further comprises receiving the second signal from the first working electrode.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the receiving step further comprises receiving the second signal from a second working electrode disposed under the membrane system.7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the receiving step further comprises receiving a non-analyte-related signal from a third working electrode disposed under a non-enzymatic portion of the membrane system.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein ...

Multiple wavelength sensor emitters

A physiological sensor has light emitting sources, each activated by addressing at least one row and at least one column of an electrical grid. The light emitting sources are capable of transmitting light of multiple wavelengths and a detector is responsive to the transmitted light after attenuation by body tissue.

ANALYTE SENSOR WITH LAG COMPENSATION

In particular embodiments, methods, devices and systems including calibrating analyte data associated with a monitored analyte level received from an analyte sensor based on a reference measurement, determining a lag time constant associated with the calibrated analyte data, and performing lag correction of the calibrated analyte data based on the determined time lag constant are disclosed. 1. A computer implemented method , comprising:calibrating analyte data associated with a monitored analyte level received from an analyte sensor based on a reference measurement;determining a lag time constant associated with the calibrated analyte data; andperforming lag correction of the calibrated analyte data based on the determined time lag constant.2. The method of including outputting the lag corrected calibrated analyte data.3. The method of wherein the reference measurement includes a blood glucose measurement.4. The method of wherein the reference measurement is obtained within a predetermined time period relative to the monitored analyte level.5. The method of wherein the predetermined time period is less than approximately 30 minutes or greater than approximately 30 minutes.6. The method of wherein calibrating the analyte data includes determining a sensitivity value associated with the analyte sensor.7. The method of wherein the sensitivity value includes a ratio of the analyte data and the corresponding reference measurement.8. The method of wherein the analyte level is glucose level.9. The method of wherein determining the rate of change includes determining a rate of increase or a rate of decrease of the monitored analyte level for a predefined time period.10. The method of further including determining a rate of change of the analyte level monitored by the analyte sensor.11. The method of wherein the rate of change of the analyte level is determined below a predetermined threshold.12. The method of wherein the analyte sensor is configured to measure the analyte ...

Service-Detectable Analyte Sensors and Methods of Using and Making Same

Generally, embodiments of the invention relate to analyte determining devices (e.g., electrochemical analyte monitoring systems) that include an indicator element that provides information relating to service history of the analyte determining devices, including, for example, previous use of the analyte determining devices. Also provided are systems and methods of using the, for example electrochemical, analyte determining devices in analyte monitoring. 143-. (canceled)44. A method , comprising:inserting at least a portion of an analyte sensor comprising an indicator element that provides a sensor service history;attaching an analyte sensor control unit to the skin of the patient;coupling a plurality of conductive contacts disposed on the analyte sensor control unit to a plurality of contacts of the analyte sensor; anddetermining a sensor service history of the analyte sensor to identify the sensor as a previously used sensor or a previously unused sensor.45. The method of claim 44 , wherein the determining the sensor service history comprises applying an initializing potential to the indicator element and comparing a current generated by the indicator element to a control current.46. The method of claim 45 , wherein the initializing potential is a positive potential from about 1 mV to about 500 mV or a negative potential from about 1 mV to about 500 mV.47. The method of claim 45 , wherein the initializing potential is applied for at least about 10 seconds.48. The method of claim 44 , wherein the sensor is identified as a previously unused sensor claim 44 , the method further comprises:collecting data, using the analyte sensor control unit, regarding a level of an analyte from signals generated by the analyte sensor;transmitting the collected data from the sensor control unit to a receiver unit.49. The method of claim 45 , wherein a current generated by an indicator element of a previously unused sensor is different than a current generated by an indicator element ...

Method and Apparatus for Determining Medication Dose Information

Methods, devices, and kits are provided for determining a recommended insulin dose to be administered to user based upon analyte data determined by an analyte sensor. 1. A computer-implemented method , comprising:receiving, at one or more processors, analyte data related to an analyte level of a user from a continuous analyte monitor;determining, using the one or more processors, an analyte level of the user based upon the received analyte data;determining a rate of change of the analyte level of the user using the received analyte data and prior analyte data;determining, using the one or more processors, a recommended insulin dose based upon the determined analyte level of the user; andmodifying, using the one or more processors, the recommended insulin dose based upon at least one of a lag between an interstitial fluid analyte level and blood analyte level and the user's insulin sensitivity.2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , further comprising:presenting, using the one or more processors, one or both of the recommended insulin dose and the modified recommended insulin dose to the user.3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , further comprising:categorizing, using the one or more processors, the analyte data related to the analyte level of the user into at least one bin that corresponds to the determined rate of change of the analyte level.4. The computer-implemented method of claim 3 , further comprising:modifying, using the one or more processors, the recommended insulin dose based at least in part on the categorization of the analyte data into the at least one bin.5. The computer-implemented method of claim 4 , wherein the modified recommended insulin dose includes increasing the recommended insulin dose by at least 20% if the rate of change of the analyte level is ≧2 mg/dL/min.6. The computer-implemented method of claim 4 , wherein the modified recommended insulin dose includes increasing the recommended insulin dose by at least 10% if the ...

VITAL INFORMATION MEASUREMENT DEVICE AND VITAL INFORMATION MEASUREMENT METHOD EMPLOYING SAME

An objective of the present invention is to provide a vital information measurement device which measures vital information using a biosensor, with which it is possible to adjudicate more precisely whether a mounted biosensor is usable, and to alleviate inconsistency in measured values therefrom. Specifically, the present invention provides a vital information measurement device comprising: an input terminal to which a biosensor is connected; a voltage application unit which applies a voltage to the input terminal; an adjudication unit which is connected to the input terminal; a control unit which is connected to the adjudication unit; and a display unit which is connected to the control unit. The control unit causes the adjudication unit to carry out a first adjudication, a second adjudication, and a third adjudication. 124to . (canceled)25. A vital information measurement device comprising an input terminal to which a biosensor is connected , a voltage application section that applies voltage to the input terminal , a measurement section that measures a measurement value based on a value of electric current flowing in the biosensor , a determination section that is connected to the input terminal , a control section that is connected to the determination section , and a display section that is connected to the control section , wherein:the measurement section is configured to measure a first measurement value and a second measurement value based on the value of the electric current flowing in the biosensor when the voltage application section applies voltage to the biosensor connected to the input terminal through the input terminal, and the second measurement value is a value measured after the first measurement value is measured; and the first measurement value or the second measurement value is compared with a first threshold value, in the first determination,', 'the first measurement value is compared with a second threshold value, in the second determination ...

Estimation of insulin sensitivity from cgm and subcutaneous insulin delivery in type 1 diabetes

In a method of determining insulin sensitivity in a patient, glucose level is sensed continuously. A first area under the curve representing the glucose level over time is calculated. An amount of insulin that has been administered to the patient is sensed. An estimation of insulin on board the patient is calculated based on the glucose level and the amount of insulin administered to the patient. A second area under the curve representing the insulin on board over time is calculated. Patient data indicative of at least one patient physical parameter is received. Information indicative of amount of glucose ingested by the patient during a meal is received. An insulin sensitivity output indicative of ability of insulin to stimulate glucose utilization and inhibit glucose production in the patient based on the first and second area under the curve, the patient data and the meal information is generated.

REFLECTION-DETECTOR SENSOR POSITION INDICATOR

A reflection-detector sensor position indicator comprises emitters that transmit light having a plurality of wavelengths. A detector outputs a sensor signal. At least one reflection detector outputs at least one sensor position signal. An attachment assembly attaches the emitters, the detector and the reflection detector onto a tissue site. A sensor-on condition indicates that the attachment assembly has positioned the emitters generally centered over a fingernail, the detector on a fingertip opposite the fingernail and the reflection detector over the fingernail. The sensor signal, in the sensor-on condition, is at least substantially responsive to the emitter transmitted light after attenuation by pulsatile blood flow perfused within a fingernail bed underneath the fingernail. The sensor position signal, in the sensor-on condition, is at least substantially responsive to the emitter transmitted light after reflection off of the fingernail. 1. An optical sensor configured to provide an indication of a physiological parameter comprising:a plurality of emitters that transmit light having a plurality of wavelengths;a detector that outputs a sensor signal, the sensor signal is at least substantially responsive to the emitter transmitted light after attenuation by pulsatile blood flow perfused within a fingernail bed underneath the fingernail; andat least one reflection detector that outputs at least one sensor position signal, the sensor position signal including a sensor-on condition indicating that the attachment assembly has positioned the emitters generally centered over a fingernail, the detector on a fingertip opposite the fingernail and the at least one reflection detector over the fingernail, the at least one sensor position signal, in the sensor-on condition, is at least substantially responsive to the emitter transmitted light after reflection off of the fingernail.an attachment assembly that attaches the emitters, the detector and the at least one reflection ...

CONTROL OF BIOFOULING IN IMPLANTABLE BIOSENSORS

Disclosed herein is a device comprising a biosensor having disposed upon it a coating; the coating comprising a polymer matrix; where the polymer matrix is operative to facilitate the inwards and outwards diffusion of analytes and byproducts to and from the sensing element of the biosensor; and a sacrificial moiety; the sacrificial moiety being dispersed in the polymer matrix, where the sacrificial moiety erodes with time and increases the porosity of the polymer matrix thus offsetting decreases in analyte permeability as a result of biofouling. 1. A device comprising: a polymer matrix; where the polymer matrix is operative to facilitate an inwards and outwards diffusion of analytes, byproducts and other water soluble entities towards a sensing element of the biosensor; and', 'a sacrificial moiety; the sacrificial moiety being dispersed in the polymer matrix, where the sacrificial moiety erodes with time and increases the porosity of the polymer matrix thus offsetting decreases in analyte permeability as a result of biofouling., 'a biosensor having disposed upon it a coating; the coating comprising2. The device of claim 1 , where the erosion of sacrificial moieties creates a new implantable device-tissue interface; the new implantable device-tissue interface presenting a fresh surface to biofouling media to re-establish analyte transport within the polymeric matrix.3. The device of claim 1 , where the polymer matrix comprises hydrogels claim 1 , xerogels claim 1 , organogels claim 1 , absorbent polymers claim 1 , dip-coated or layer-by-layer coated polyelectrolytes claim 1 , electropolymerized polymers claim 1 , or combinations thereof.4. The device of claim 1 , where the polymeric matrix experiences a ‘partial’ or ‘no’ collapse following the erosion of the sacrificial moieties.5. The device of claim 1 , where the sacrificial moieties comprise a biodegradable polymer.6. The device of claim 5 , where the biodegradable polymer is a polyanhydride claim 5 , polyaspirin ...

Method and System for Providing Calibration of an Analyte Sensor in an Analyte Monitoring System

Method and apparatus for providing calibration of analyte sensor including applying a control signal, detecting a measured response to the control signal, determining a variance in the detected measured response, and estimating a sensor sensitivity based on the variance in the detected measured response is provided 120-. (canceled)21. A method of measuring an analyte level , comprising:calibrating an analyte sensor using an estimated sensor sensitivity, the estimated sensor sensitivity determined based on a variance in a measured response to a control signal applied to the analyte sensor;receiving a sensor data signal from the analyte sensor; anddetermining an analyte level based on the received sensor data signal.22. The method of wherein calibrating the analyte sensor includes applying the control signal that varies over time to the analyte sensor.23. The method of wherein applying the control signal includes opening and closing the current path to the analyte sensor.24. The method of wherein the measured response is determined based on determining one of a working electrode current signal claim 21 , a counter electrode current signal or a reference electrode current signal.25. The method of wherein the variance in the measured response is determined based on comparing a difference between a beginning of a half duty cycle and an end of the half duty cycle of the measured response to the control signal.26. The method of wherein the estimated sensor sensitivity is determined using a predetermined relationship between sensor sensitivity and the variance in the measured response.27. The method of wherein the estimated sensor sensitivity is determined by retrieving a predetermined sensor sensitivity corresponding to the variance in the measured response.28. The method of further comprising determining if the estimated sensor sensitivity is with a valid range.29. A system for monitoring analyte concentration claim 21 , comprising:an analyte sensor;a processor ...

System and methods for processing analyte sensor data

Systems and methods for processing sensor analyte data, including initiating calibration, updating calibration, evaluating clinical acceptability of reference and sensor analyte data, and evaluating the quality of sensor calibration. During initial calibration, the analyte sensor data is evaluated over a period of time to determine stability of the sensor. The sensor may be calibrated using a calibration set of one or more matched sensor and reference analyte data pairs. The calibration may be updated after evaluating the calibration set for best calibration based on inclusion criteria with newly received reference analyte data. Fail-safe mechanisms are provided based on clinical acceptability of reference and analyte data and quality of sensor calibration. Algorithms provide for optimized prospective and retrospective analysis of estimated blood analyte data from an analyte sensor.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PROCESSING ANALYTE SENSOR DATA

Systems and methods for applying time-dependent algorithmic compensation functions to data output from a continuous analyte sensor. Some embodiments determine a time since sensor implantation and/or whether a newly initialized sensor has been used previously. 1. A method of processing sensor data output by a continuous analyte sensor implanted within a body , comprising:measuring a change in sensitivity or baseline of the sensor over a time interval;determining a drift compensation function to be applied to a plurality of time-spaced data points output by the sensor; andapplying the drift compensation function continuously to the data points.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein measuring the change in sensitivity or baseline of the sensor comprises comparing a measured sensitivity or baseline of the sensor to a predetermined sensitivity or baseline of the sensor.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein determining a drift compensation function to be applied is based claim 2 , at least in part claim 2 , on the predetermined sensitivity or baseline.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein a value of the predetermined sensitivity or baseline is encoded on sensor electronics.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising comparing the measured change in sensitivity or baseline of the sensor to a priori knowledge regarding the change in sensitivity or baseline of the sensor over the time interval.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , based on the measured change in sensitivity or baseline of the sensor claim 1 , determining whether the sensor has been previously used.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein measuring the change in sensitivity or baseline of the sensor occurs only after the sensor has been implanted within the body for at least a minimum duration.8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising prompting a user for a reference analyte value when the measured change in sensitivity or baseline of the sensor exceeds a criterion.9. The method of claim 1 , further ...

Method for building an algorithm for converting spectral information

A system for determining the concentration of an analyte in at least one body fluid in body tissue comprises an infrared light source, a body tissue interface, a detector, and a central processing unit. The body tissue interface is adapted to contact body tissue and to deliver light from the infrared light source to the contacted body tissue. The detector is adapted to receive spectral information corresponding to infrared light transmitted through the portion of body tissue being analyzed and to convert the received spectral information into an electrical signal indicative of the received spectral information. The central processing unit is adapted to compare the electrical signal to an algorithm built upon correlation with the analyte in body fluid, the algorithm adapted to convert the received spectral information into the concentration of the analyte in at least one body fluid.

Biological information monitoring apparatus

A biological information monitoring apparatus includes: a measurer which is configured to measure biological information of a subject; a display on which a measurement value of the biological information measured by the measurer is displayed; a calibration controller which, when a predetermined condition is satisfied, is configured to perform a calibration process on the measurer; a time measurer which is configured to acquire a remaining time before the calibration process is ended; and a display controller which is configured to cause an index indicating the remaining time to be displayed on the display.

Analyte Sensor with Time Lag Compensation

Methods and devices and systems for determining an analyte value are disclosed. 1. A method , comprising:determining a predetermined time period characterized with a rate of change of an analyte level below a preset threshold;defining a data set associated with a monitored analyte level within the predetermined time period;determining a sensitivity value based on the defined data set;applying the determined sensitivity value to signals associated with the monitored analyte level including the defined data set; andestimating a time constant associated with an analyte sensor used to monitor the analyte level.2. The method of wherein the preset threshold associated with the rate of change of the analyte level is characterized by a quiescent state of the signals received from the analyte sensor.3. The method of including receiving a reference data claim 1 , and applying the sensitivity value to the signals associated with the monitored analyte level based on the received reference data.4. The method of wherein the reference data includes a reference blood glucose measurement.5. The method of wherein the reference data is substantially time corresponding to one or more data in the defined data set.6. The method of including calibrating the signals associated with the monitored analyte level based at least in part on the estimated time constant.7. The method of including performing lag correction of the signals associated with the monitored analyte level based on the estimated time constant.8. The method of including calibrating the lag corrected signals to estimate the corresponding monitored glucose level.9. A computer implemented method claim 7 , comprising:calibrating analyte data associated with a monitored analyte level received from an analyte sensor based on a reference measurement;determining a lag time constant associated with the calibrated analyte data; andperforming lag correction of the calibrated analyte data based on the determined time lag constant.10. ...

Method and Apparatus for Providing Analyte Monitoring System Calibration Accuracy

Methods, system and devices for providing improved calibration accuracy of continuous glucose monitoring system based on insulin delivery information are provided. 1. A method , comprising:detecting an analyte sensor calibration start event;determining one or more parameters associated with a calibration routine corresponding to the detected calibration start event; and 'wherein the one or more determined parameters includes a medication delivery information.', 'executing the calibration routine based on the one or more determined parameters;'}2. The method of wherein detecting the calibration start event includes monitoring an elapsed time period from initial analyte sensor placement.3. The method of wherein detecting the calibration start event is based at least in part on a predetermined schedule.4. The method of wherein the predetermined schedule includes approximately once every twenty four hours.5. The method of wherein the determined one or more parameters includes an amount of insulin dose delivered claim 1 , a time period of the delivered insulin dose claim 1 , an insulin sensitivity parameter claim 1 , an insulin on board information claim 1 , an exercise information claim 1 , a meal intake information claim 1 , an activity information claim 1 , or one or more combinations thereof.6. The method of wherein the medication delivery information includes an insulin delivery amount and time information relative to the detected calibration start event.7. The method of wherein executing the calibration routine includes delaying the calibration routine by a predetermined time period.8. The method of wherein the predetermined time period includes approximately 1-2 hours.9. The method of wherein the calibration routine is not executed when one of the one or more determined parameters deviates from a predetermined threshold level.10. The method of wherein the predetermined threshold level is dynamically modified based on a variation in the corresponding one or more ...

Measurement devices and methods for measuring analyte concentration incorporating temperature and ph correction

Disclosed herein are methods of estimating an analyte concentration which include generating a signal indicative of the analyte concentration, generating a signal indicative of a temperature, generating a signal indicative of a pH, and transforming the signal indicative of the analyte concentration utilizing an equation of the form of a modified Michaelis-Menten equation depending on Michaelis-Menten parameters, wherein values of the Michaelis-Menten parameters are set based upon data which includes temperature and pH calibration parameters, the signal indicative of a temperature, and the signal indicative of a pH. Also disclosed herein are measurement devices which employ the aforementioned methods.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR NORMALIZING A PLETHYSMOGRAPH SIGNAL FOR IMPROVED FEATURE ANALYSIS

The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for analyzing and normalizing signals, such as PPG signals, for use in patent monitoring. The PPG signal may be detected using a continuous non-invasive blood pressure monitoring system and the normalized signals may be used to determine whether a recalibration of the system should be performed. 1. A method for normalizing a light intensity signal using a physiological monitoring system , comprising:receiving, using a processor, a light intensity signal from a subject at a first time;obtaining, using the processor, information indicating a change in a setting of the monitoring system;receiving, using a processor, a light intensity signal from a subject at a second time, wherein the first time occurs before the change in the setting of the monitoring system and the second time occurs after the change in the setting of the monitoring system;normalizing, using the processor, the light intensity signal at the second time in response to the change in the setting of the monitoring system;comparing, using the processor, the light intensity signal at the first time and the normalized light intensity signal at the second time; andtriggering, using the processor, an action, based at least in part on whether the light intensity signal at the first time and the normalized light intensity signal at the second time correspond.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein normalizing the light intensity signal at the second time comprises performing a calculation based at least in part on a change in amplitude claim 1 , area claim 1 , pulse period claim 1 , baseline claim 1 , or any combination thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein obtaining information indicating a change in a setting of the monitoring system comprises receiving a user input.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the action comprises calculating a physiological parameter of the subject.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the action comprises generating an alarm signal.6. ...

SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR PROCESSING ANALYTE SENSOR DATA FOR SENSOR CALIBRATION

Systems and methods for processing sensor analyte data are disclosed, including initiating calibration, updating calibration, evaluating clinical acceptability of reference and sensor analyte data, and evaluating the quality of sensor calibration. The sensor can be calibrated using a calibration set of one or more matched sensor and reference analyte data pairs. Reference data resulting from benchtop testing an analyte sensor prior to its insertion can be used to provide initial calibration of the sensor data. Reference data from a short term continuous analyte sensor implanted in a user can be used to initially calibrate or update sensor data from a long term continuous analyte sensor. 1. A method for calibrating a continuous analyte sensor , comprising:receiving sensor data from a continuous analyte sensor, wherein the sensor data comprises at least one sensor data point indicative of a glucose concentration in a host's interstitial fluid;receiving reference data from a reference analyte monitor, wherein the reference data comprises at least one reference data point indicative of a glucose concentration in the host's blood;determining a conversion function for converting the sensor data into estimated blood glucose values, using electronic circuitry, based on a most probable set of parameters that correlates with calibration data, wherein the most probable set of parameters is determined based on a probability analysis; andconverting the sensor data using the conversion function.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein one or more matched data pairs are inputs into the probability analysis claim 1 , wherein the matched data pairs comprise at least one sensor data point matched with at least one reference data point.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the probability analysis is based on a probability distribution.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the probability analysis comprises determining a maximum joint probability based on the probability distribution.5. The ...

Method and apparatus for assay of electrochemical properties

A method for monitoring a select analyte in a sample in an electrochemical system. The method includes applying to the electrochemical system a time-varying potential superimposed on a DC potential to generate a signal; and discerning from the signal a contribution from the select analyte by resolving an estimation equation based on a Faradaic signal component and a nonfaradaic signal component.

Modular external infusion device

A modular external infusion device that controls the rate a fluid is infused into an individual's body, which includes a first module and a second module. More particularly, the first module may be a pumping module that delivers a fluid, such as a medication, to a patient while the second module may be a programming module that allows a user to select pump flow commands. The second module is removably attachable to the first module.

Methods and Apparatuses for Noninvasive Determination of in vivo Alcohol Concentration using Raman Spectroscopy

Methods and apparatuses for the determination of an attribute of the tissue of an individual use non-invasive Raman spectroscopy. For example, the alcohol concentration in the blood or tissue of an individual can be determined. A portion of the tissue is illuminated with light, which propagates into the tissue where it is Raman scattered. The Raman scattered light is detected and can be combined with a model relating Raman spectra to alcohol concentration to determine the alcohol concentration in the blood or tissue. Correction techniques can reduce determination errors due to detection of light other than that from Raman scattering from the alcohol in the tissue. Other biologic information can be used with the Raman spectral properties to aid in the determination of alcohol concentration, for example age, height, weight, medical history and his/her family, ethnicity, skin melanin content, or a combination thereof. The method and apparatus can be optimized to provide reproducible and uniform radiance of the tissue, low tissue sampling error, depth targeting of the tissue layers or sample locations that contain the attribute of interest, efficient collection of Raman spectra, optical throughput, photometric accuracy, large dynamic range, thermal stability, calibration maintenance, calibration transfer, built-in quality control, and ease-of-use. 1. An apparatus for the non-invasive in vivo determination of the concentration of alcohol , a substance of abuse , or both , in human tissue of an individual , where the tissue is not the eye , by Raman spectroscopy , comprising:(a) an illumination subsystem for generating excitation light,(b) a sampling subsystem for delivering the excitation light to a portion of the in vivo tissue and detecting light from the in vivo tissue,(c) a spectrometer subsystem for determining a Raman spectrum from the detected light(d) a computing subsystem for correcting the measured Raman spectrum, and(e) a calibration subsystem for determining ...

Method and System for Providing Continuous Calibration of Implantable Analyte Sensors

Method and system for providing continuous calibration of analyte sensors includes calibrating a first sensor, receiving data associated with detected analyte levels from the first sensor, and calibrating a second sensor based on a predetermined scaling factor and data associated with detected analyte levels from the first sensor, is disclosed. 1. A method of providing analyte sensor calibration , comprising the steps of:receiving data associated with monitored analyte level from a first analyte sensor in fluid contact with interstitial fluid under a skin surface;receiving data associated with monitored analyte level from a second analyte sensor in fluid contact with the interstitial fluid under the skin surface;comparing the received data from the first analyte sensor with the received data from the second analyte sensor;determining a scaling factor based on the comparison and an initial scaling factor;applying the determined scaling factor to the received data from the second analyte sensor; anddetermining a correlation level of signals from the first analyte sensor and the signals from the second analyte sensor.2. The method of further including calibrating the second analyte sensor based on the received data from the first analyte sensor.3. The method of wherein the scaling factor is based on a predetermined level of average error between the data of the first analyte sensor and the data of the second analyte sensor.4. The method of further including initiating the calibration of the second analyte sensor after a predetermined time period has elapsed since the first analyte sensor is maintained in fluid contact with the interstitial fluid.5. The method of wherein the predetermined time period includes approximately 90% of the life of the first analyte sensor.6. The method of wherein the predetermined time period includes approximately 50% of the life of the first analyte sensor.7. The method of further including determining a sensitivity associated with the ...

Robust Calibration and Self-Correction for Tissue Oximetry Probe

A method for calibrating detectors of a self-contained, tissue oximetry device includes emitting light from a light source into a tissue phantom, detecting in a plurality of detectors the light emitted from the light source, subsequent to reflection from the tissue phantom, and generating a set of detector responses by the plurality of detectors based on detecting the light emitted from the light source. The method further includes determining a set of differences between the set of detector responses and a reflectance curve for the tissue phantom, and generating a set of calibration functions based on the set of differences. Each calibration function in the set of calibration functions is associated with a unique, light source-detector pair. The method further includes storing the set of calibration function in a memory of the self-contained, tissue oximetry device. 1. A method for calibrating detectors of a tissue oximetry device comprising:emitting light from a light source into a tissue phantom;detecting in a plurality of detectors the light emitted from the light source, subsequent to reflection from the tissue phantom;generating a set of detector responses by the plurality of detectors based on detecting the light emitted from the light source;comparing the set of detector responses and a reflectance curve for the tissue phantom;generating a set of calibration functions based on comparing the set of detector responses and the reflectance curve, wherein each calibration function in the set of calibration functions is associated with a unique, light source-detector pair; andstoring the set of calibration functions in a memory of the tissue oximetry device.2. The method of comprising:emitting light from a second light source into the tissue phantom;detecting in the plurality of detectors the light emitted from the second light source, subsequent to reflection from the tissue phantom;generating a second set of detector responses by the plurality of detectors based ...

APPLICATION OF ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY IN SENSOR SYSTEMS, DEVICES, AND RELATED METHODS

A diagnostic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) procedure is applied to measure values of impedance-related parameters for one or more sensing electrodes. The parameters may include real impedance, imaginary impedance, impedance magnitude, and/or phase angle. The measured values of the impedance-related parameters are then used in performing sensor diagnostics, calculating a highly-reliable fused sensor glucose value based on signals from a plurality of redundant sensing electrodes, calibrating sensors, detecting interferents within close proximity of one or more sensing electrodes, and testing surface area characteristics of electroplated electrodes. Advantageously, impedance-related parameters can be defined that are substantially glucose-independent over specific ranges of frequencies. An Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) enables implementation of the EIS-based diagnostics, fusion algorithms, and other processes based on measurement of EIS-based parameters. 1. A method for real-time detection of low start-up for a working electrode of a sensor , the method comprising:inserting the sensor into subcutaneous tissue;performing a first electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) procedure to generate a first set of impedance-related data for said working electrode; andbased on the first set of impedance-related data, determining whether said working electrode is experiencing low start-up.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said EIS procedure is performed for a predetermined range of frequencies.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first set of impedance-related data includes values for at least one of real impedance and imaginary impedance.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first set of impedance-related data includes values for at least one impedance-related parameter that is substantially glucose-independent.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said determination is made based on respective values of real impedance and Nyquist slope.6. The ...

Method and System for Dynamically Updating Calibration Parameters for an Analyte Sensor

Methods and apparatuses including determining a calibration parameter associated with a detected analyte value, calibrating the analyte value based on the calibration parameter, and dynamically updating the calibration parameter are disclosed. Also provided are systems, kits, and computer program products. 1. A computer implemented method , comprising:updating, using a processor, a previously determined rate of change of sensor data based on a first sensor data and a previously received sensor data; andperforming, using the processor, a lag compensation of the previously received sensor data based on the updated previously determined rate of change of sensor data to generate a lag compensated previously received sensor data.2. The method of further including receiving the first sensor data at a first predetermined time period from an analyte sensor.3. The method of further including retrieving claim 1 , using the processor claim 1 , the previously determined rate of change of sensor data from a storage device claim 1 , wherein the previously determined rate of change of sensor data is based on the previously received sensor data.4. The method of further comprising updating a previously determined calibration parameter based on the lag compensated previously received sensor data.5. The method of wherein the calibration parameter is the sensitivity of an analyte sensor.6. The method of further comprising calibrating the first sensor data using the updated previously determined calibration parameter.7. The method of further comprising determining a first rate of change of the first sensor data at a first predetermined time period.8. The method of further comprising performing a lag compensation of the first sensor data based on the first rate of change of the first sensor data to generate a lag compensated first sensor data.9. The method of further comprising calibrating the lag compensated first sensor data using the updated previously determined calibration parameter ...

MULTI-WAVELENGTH PHYSIOLOGICAL MONITOR

A physiological monitor for determining blood oxygen saturation of a medical patient includes a sensor, a signal processor and a display. The sensor includes at least three light emitting diodes. Each light emitting diode is adapted to emit light of a different wavelength. The sensor also includes a detector, where the detector is adapted to receive light from the three light emitting diodes after being attenuated by tissue. The detector generates an output signal based at least in part upon the received light. The signal processor determines blood oxygen saturation based at least upon the output signal, and the display provides an indication of the blood oxygen saturation. 1. A physiological monitor for determining blood oxygen saturation of a patient , the physiological monitor comprising: three or more emitters, wherein each emitter is operative to emit light of a different wavelength; and', 'at least one detector adapted to receive light from the three or more emitters after being attenuated by tissue of a medical patient; and, 'a pulse oximetry sensor comprising compute a ratio based at least in part on three or more data signals, each of the three or more data signals indicative of light from one of the three or more emitters after being attenuated by the tissue, wherein the ratio comprises a quotient of a first weighted sum of the data signals multiplied by a first set of vector coefficients and a second weighted sum of the data signals multiplied by a second set of vector coefficients; and', 'determine blood oxygen saturation based at least in part upon a blood oxygen saturation curve using said ratio., 'a processor configured to2. The physiological monitor of claim 1 , wherein the first and second sets of vector coefficients are determined based upon calibration data or fitting of experimental data.3. The physiological monitor of claim 1 , wherein the at least one detector provides an output signal based at least in part on the received light and the ...

GLUCOSE SENSOR SIGNAL STABILITY ANALYSIS

Disclosed are methods, apparatuses, etc. for glucose sensor signal stability analysis. In certain example embodiments, a series of samples of at least one sensor signal that is responsive to a blood glucose level of a patient may be obtained. Based at least partly on the series of samples, at least one metric may be determined to assess an underlying trend of a change in responsiveness of the at least one sensor signal to the blood glucose level of the patient over time. A reliability of the at least one sensor signal to respond to the blood glucose level of the patient may be assessed based at least partly on the at least one metric assessing an underlying trend. Other example embodiments are disclosed herein. 1. A method comprising:obtaining a series of samples of at least one sensor signal that is responsive to a blood glucose level of a patient;determining, based at least partly on the series of samples, at least one metric assessing an underlying trend of a change in responsiveness of the at least one sensor signal to the blood glucose level of the patient over time; andassessing a reliability of the at least one sensor signal to respond to the blood glucose level of the patient based at least partly on the at least one metric assessing an underlying trend.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: generating an alert signal responsive to a comparison of the at least one metric assessing an underlying trend with at least one predetermined threshold.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said assessing comprises: comparing the at least one metric assessing an underlying trend with at least a first predetermined threshold and a second predetermined threshold.4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: acquiring the at least one sensor signal from one or more subcutaneous glucose sensors claim 1 , wherein the at least one metric assessing an underlying trend reflects an apparent reliability of the at least one sensor signal that is ...

USE OF SENSOR REDUNDANCY TO DETECT SENSOR FAILURES

Devices, systems, and methods for providing more accurate and reliable sensor data and for detecting sensor failures. Two or more electrodes can be used to generate data, and the data can be subsequently compared by a processing module. Alternatively, one sensor can be used, and the data processed by two parallel algorithms to provide redundancy. Sensor performance, including sensor failures, can be identified. The user or system can then respond appropriately to the information related to sensor performance or failure. 1. A method for detecting a sensor failure in a continuous analyte monitoring system implanted in a host , the method comprising:receiving first sensor data from a first electrode implanted in the host, wherein the first sensor data are indicative of a property corresponding to the first electrode;receiving second sensor data from a second electrode implanted in the host, wherein the second sensor data are indicative of the property corresponding to the second electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode having substantially same characteristics;comparing, using a processor module, the property corresponding to the first electrode with the property corresponding to the second electrode; andidentifying a failure in at least one of the first electrode or the second electrode when a property magnitude of the first electrode is different from a property magnitude of the second electrode by a predetermined value.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the property is sensor sensitivity to an analyte.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the property is baseline.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first electrode is located substantially adjacent to the second electrode.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are separated by a distance of less than about 1 mm at a closest proximity.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are separated by a distance of less than about 0.5 ...

Devices, systems, and methods to compensate for effects of temperature on implantable sensors

Systems and methods for compensating for effects of temperature on implantable sensors are provided. In some embodiments, systems and methods are provided for measuring a temperature to determine a change in temperature in a sensor environment. In certain embodiments, a temperature compensation factor is determined based on a change in temperature of the sensor environment. The temperature compensation factor can be used in processing raw data of an analyte signal to report a more accurate analyte concentration.

IMPLANTABLE SENSOR DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND METHODS

Disclosed herein are devices, systems, and methods for a continuous analyte sensor, such as a continuous glucose sensor. In certain embodiments disclosed herein, various in vivo properties of the sensor's surroundings can be measured. In some embodiments, the measured properties can be used to identify a physiological response or condition in the body. This information can then be used by a patient, doctor, or system to respond appropriately to the identified condition. 1. A method for processing data from a continuous glucose sensor , the method comprising:receiving sensor data generated by a continuous glucose sensor, wherein the sensor data is indicative of a concentration of glucose in a host;identifying, using a processor module, a post-implantation loss of sensitivity of the continuous glucose sensor; andprocessing the sensor data, using the processor module, responsive to the identification of the loss of sensitivity.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sensor data comprises data indicative of a signal response to at least one event selected from the group consisting of a signal response to cessation of blood flow to a site surrounding sensor implantation claim 1 , a signal response to reduction of blood flow to a site surrounding sensor implantation claim 1 , and a signal response to a vasospastic event.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein identifying the post-implantation loss of sensitivity comprises determining a severity of the loss of sensitivity.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein processing the sensor data is performed based on the severity of the loss of sensitivity.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein identifying the post-implantation loss of sensitivity comprises:deactivating the continuous glucose sensor for a time period, whereby a product from a catalyzed reaction of glucose and oxygen accumulates over the time period;activating the continuous glucose sensor and measuring a signal value of the continuous glucose sensor immediately after the time ...

Method and Device for Providing Offset Model Based Calibration for Analyte Sensor

Methods and devices to detect analyte in body fluid are provided. Embodiments include processing sampled data from analyte sensor, determining a single, fixed, normal sensitivity value associated with the analyte sensor, estimating a windowed offset value associated with the analyte sensor for each available sampled data cluster, computing a time varying offset based on the estimated windowed offset value, and applying the time varying offset and the determined normal sensitivity value to the processed sampled data to estimate an analyte level for the sensor.

PROCESSING AND DETECTING BASELINE CHANGES IN SIGNALS

Systems and methods for detecting the occurrence of events from a signal are provided. A signal processing system may analyze baseline changes and changes in signal characteristics to detect events from a signal. The system may also detect events by analyzing energy parameters and artifacts in a scalogram of the signal. Further, the system may detect events by analyzing both the signal and its corresponding scalogram. 1. A method of detecting the occurrence of events from a signal , comprising:receiving the signal;transforming, using a processor, the signal to generate a transformed signal;generating, using the processor, a scalogram based at least in part on the transformed signal;detecting an artifact within the scalogram; andanalyzing, using the processor, the artifact within the scalogram to detect an occurrence of a physiological event.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:calculating a first energy parameter within a first region of the scalogram;calculating a second energy parameter within a second region of the scalogram subsequent to the artifact; andfurther analyzing the first and second energy parameters to detect the occurrence of the event.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the first energy parameter is the average energy within the first region and the second energy parameter is the average energy within the second region.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the signal is a photoplethysmograph and wherein the first and second regions comprise at least a portion of a pulse band.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the first and second regions comprise a ridge of the pulse band.6. The method of claim 2 , wherein the artifact is a high energy broad-scale cone.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the event comprises at least one of changes in blood pressure claim 1 , changes in body position claim 1 , vasodilation claim 1 , vasoconstriction claim 1 , sympathetic nervous response claim 1 , parasympathetic nervous response claim 1 , and sleep arousal.8. ...

Bodily Fluid Analysis Device

An apparatus comprising a substrate, the substrate having supported thereon: 113-. (canceled)14. An apparatus comprising a substrate , the substrate having supported thereon:plural collectors each for collecting a bodily fluid from the surface of a body part placed adjacent thereto;at least two pairs of electrodes integral with each of the collectors;an analyser for analysing each collected bodily fluid, wherein the analyser comprises a controller, wherein each of the at least two pairs of electrodes are connected to the analyser and wherein the analyser is configured to analyse at least one electrical signal received via a first pair of the at least two pairs of electrodes; anda display for displaying an indication of a result of each analysis, wherein the apparatus is configured to activate the analyser in response to a predetermined electrical signal received via a second pair of the at least two pairs of electrodes.15. An apparatus according to claim 14 , wherein a bodily fluid collecting end of each of the collectors is covered by a removable seal.16. An apparatus according to claim 15 , wherein each removable seal provides a fluid impermeable barrier around the bodily fluid collecting end of the respective collector.17. An apparatus according to claim 14 , wherein the apparatus is configured to activate the display in response to a predetermined electrical signal received via the second pair of electrodes.18. An apparatus according to claim 14 , wherein the apparatus is configured to activate the display in response to a predetermined electrical signal received via a third pair of the at least two pairs of electrodes integral with each collector.19. An apparatus according to claim 14 , wherein each second pair of electrodes is located further from a bodily fluid collecting end of the respective collector than each first pair of electrodes.20. An apparatus according to claim 18 , wherein each third pair of electrodes is located closer to a bodily fluid ...

Method and System for Providing Calibration of an Analyte Sensor in an Analyte Monitoring System

Method and apparatus for providing calibration of analyte sensor including applying a control signal, detecting a measured response to the control signal, determining a variance in the detected measured response, and estimating a sensor sensitivity based on the variance in the detected measured response is provided 1. (canceled)2. A method for determining whether an analyte sensor system is functioning properly , the method comprising:applying a stimulus signal to the analyte sensor;measuring a response to the stimulus signal;estimating a value of a sensor property based on the signal response;correlating the sensor property value with a predetermined relationship of the sensor property and a predetermined sensor sensitivity profile; andinitiating an error routine if the correlation does not exceed a predetermined correlation threshold.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein correlating includes performing a data association analysis.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the error routine comprises displaying a message to a user indicating that the analyte sensor is not functioning properly.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the sensor property is an impedance of the sensor membrane.6. A sensor system configured to implement the method of .7. The sensor system of claim 2 , wherein the sensor system comprises instructions stored in computer memory claim 2 , wherein the instructions claim 2 , when executed by one or more processors of the sensor system claim 2 , cause the sensor system to implement the method of .8. A method for determining membrane damage of an analyte sensor using a sensor system claim 2 , comprising:applying a stimulus signal to an analyte sensor;measuring a response to the stimulus signal;calculating, using sensor electronics, an impedance based on the signal response;determining, using the sensor electronics, whether the impedance falls within a predefined level corresponding to membrane damage; andinitiating, using the sensor electronics, an error ...

Method and System for Providing Calibration of an Analyte Sensor in an Analyte Monitoring System

Method and apparatus for providing calibration of analyte sensor including applying a control signal, detecting a measured response to the control signal, determining a variance in the detected measured response, and estimating a sensor sensitivity based on the variance in the detected measured response is provided 1. (canceled)2. A method for calibrating an analyte sensor , the method comprising:applying a time-varying signal to the analyte sensor;measuring a signal response to the applied signal;determining, using sensor electronics, a sensitivity of the analyte sensor, the determining comprising correlating at least one property of the signal response to a predetermined sensor sensitivity profile; andgenerating, using sensor electronics, estimated analyte concentration values using the determined sensitivity and sensor data generated by the analyte sensor.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the sensitivity profile comprises varying sensitivity values over time since implantation of the sensor.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the predetermined sensitivity profile comprises a plurality of sensitivity values.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the predetermined sensitivity profile is based on sensor sensitivity data generated from studying sensitivity changes of analyte sensors similar to the analyte sensor.6. The method of claim 2 , further comprising applying a bias voltage to the sensor claim 2 , wherein the time-varying signal comprises a step voltage above the bias voltage or a sine wave overlaying a voltage bias voltage.7. The method of claim 2 , wherein the determining further comprises calculating an impedance value based on the measured signal response and correlating the impedance value to a sensitivity value of the predetermined sensitivity profile.8. The method of claim 2 , further comprising applying a DC bias voltage to the sensor to generate sensor data claim 2 , wherein the estimating analyte concentration values includes generating corrected sensor ...

Method and System for Providing Calibration of an Analyte Sensor in an Analyte Monitoring System

Method and apparatus for providing calibration of analyte sensor including applying a control signal, detecting a measured response to the control signal, determining a variance in the detected measured response, and estimating a sensor sensitivity based on the variance in the detected measured response is provided 1. (canceled)2. A method for determining a property of a continuous analyte sensor , the method comprising:applying a bias voltage to an analyte sensor;applying a voltage step above the bias voltage to the analyte sensor;measuring, using sensor electronics, a signal response of the voltage step;determining, using the sensor electronics, a peak current of the signal response; anddetermining, using the sensor electronics, a property of the sensor by correlating the peak current to a predetermined relationship.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein correlating the peak current to the predetermined relationship comprises calculating an impedance of the sensor based on the peak current and correlating the sensor impedance to the predetermined relationship.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the property of the sensor is a sensitivity of the sensor or a temperature of the sensor.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the peak current is a difference between a magnitude of the response prior to the voltage step and a magnitude of the largest measured response resulting from the voltage step.6. The method of claim 2 , wherein the predetermined relationship is an impedance-to-sensor sensitivity relationship claim 2 , and wherein the property of the sensor is a sensitivity of the sensor.7. The method of claim 2 , further comprising compensating sensor data using the determined property of the sensor.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the compensating comprises correlating a predetermined relationship of the peak current to sensor sensitivity or change in sensor sensitivity and modifying a value or values of the sensor data responsive to the correlated sensor sensitivity or ...

Method and Apparatus for Providing Data Processing and Control in a Medical Communication System

Methods and apparatus for providing data processing and control for use in a medical communication system are provided. 1. (canceled)2. A method for calibrating sensor data generated by a continuous analyte sensor , comprising:generating sensor data using a continuous analyte sensor;iteratively determining, with an electronic device, a sensitivity value of the continuous analyte sensor as a function of time by applying a priori information comprising sensor sensitivity information; andcalibrating the sensor data based at least in part on the determined sensitivity value.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein calibrating the sensor data is performed iteratively throughout a substantially entire sensor session.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein iteratively determining a sensitivity value is performed at regular intervals or performed at irregular intervals claim 2 , as determined by the a priori information.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein iteratively determining a sensitivity value is performed throughout a substantially entire sensor session.6. The method of claim 2 , wherein determining a sensitivity value is performed in substantially real time.7. The method of claim 2 , wherein the a priori information is associated with at least one predetermined sensitivity value that is associated with a predetermined time after start of a sensor session.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the at least one predetermined sensitivity value is associated with a correlation between a sensitivity determined from in vitro analyte concentration measurements and a sensitivity determined from in vivo analyte concentration measurements at the predetermined time.9. The method of claim 2 , wherein the a priori information is associated with a predetermined sensitivity function that uses time as input.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein time corresponds to time after start of a sensor session.11. The method of claim 9 , wherein time corresponds to at least one of time of manufacture or time ...

ADAPTIVE CALIBRATION SYSTEM FOR SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS

This disclosure describes, among other features, systems and methods for customizing calibration curves, parameter algorithms, and the like to individual users. An initial calibration curve generated based on a population can be used as a starting point in an algorithm for measuring a physiological parameter such as glucose. The measurement algorithm can determine one or more initial measurement values for a user based on the initial calibration curve. In certain embodiments, one or more alternative measurements, such as invasive or minimally invasive measurements, can periodically or sporadically be input into the measurement algorithm. The algorithm can use the alternative measurements to adapt the calibration curve to the individual. As a result, measurements for the individual can more accurately reflect the individual's actual parameter values. 1. A method of determining whether to recommend an alternative measurement of a physiological parameter , the method comprising:obtaining a noninvasive measurement of a physiological parameter using an optical sensor;receiving an alternative measurement of the physiological parameter, the alternative measurement being generated by an alternative sensor;analyzing the noninvasive and alternative measurements by a processor to determine whether a condition has been met; andin response to the condition being met, outputting an indication that a new measurement should be obtained from the alternative sensor.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein analyzing the noninvasive and alternative measurements to determine whether a condition has been met comprises determining whether a difference between the noninvasive and alternative measurements exceeds a threshold.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein analyzing the noninvasive and alternative measurements to determine whether a condition has been met comprises determining a predetermined amount of time has passed.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the indication comprises an alarm.5. The ...

DATA TRANSFER DEVICE AND DATA TRANSFER SYSTEM

A device for receiving a transmitting unit that is detachably attachable to a sensor unit configured to be placed on a subject to acquire a biosignal of the subject and that acquires bio-information from the biosignal acquired in the sensor unit to transmit the biosignal to an external device. This device has first and second ports on which transmitting units can be placed, and communication sections each provided in a respective one of the ports to carry out communication with the transmitting units mounted on the respective ports. When the transmitting unit is newly mounted on one port, the device acquires transmission data including communication identification information for the transmission from the newly mounted transmitting unit by the communication section of this port and transmits the acquired transmission data to another transmitting unit already mounted on the other port by using the communication section provided in the other port. 1. A data transfer device which receives respective transmitting units that are individually detachably attachable to a sensor unit configured to be at least partially placed in a living body of a subject to acquire a biosignal of the subject and to acquire bio-information from the biosignal acquired in the sensor unit to transmit the bio-information to an external unit , the data transfer device comprising:a first port on which a first transmitting unit is to be placed and a second port on which a second transmitting unit is to be placed;a first communication section provided at the first port and communicating with the first transmitting unit when the first transmitting unit is mounted on the first port, and a second communication section provided at the second port and communicating with the second transmitting unit when the second transmitting unit is mounted on the second port;data acquiring means for acquiring transmission data, including communication identification information for transmitting the bio-information ...

DILUTION GUIDED CORRECTION (DGC) METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ADJUSTING NONINVASIVELY MEASURED TOTAL HEMOGLOBIN MEASUREMENTS AND METHOD FOR EVALUATING HYDRATION STATE OF A SUBJECT USING THE SAME

Methods and devices are provided for real time adjustment of noninvasively measured capillary hemoglobin concentration measures for a prediction of invasively measured hemoglobin concentration in large vessels and evaluating and modifying the state of interstitial hydration of an individual by the mVLT method. Implication of mVLT was refined by adding new diagnostic criteria and new variables, also expanding its noninvasive applicability. That opens application in the automated clinical decision support systems, semi-closed and closed loop infusion systems for optimisation of hydration, blood circulation and tissues perfusion, also optimizing blood transfusions. 1. A method for adjusting a haemoglobin measurement , comprising:(a) receiving, by a processor, a plurality of arterial hemoglobin input data comprising a plurality of arterial hemoglobin concentration measurements and a plurality of capillary hemoglobin input data comprising a plurality of capillary hemoglobin concentration measurements;(b) receiving, by the processor, a plurality of perfusion index (PI) data comprising PI measurements;(c) calculating, by the processor, a plurality of GAP values, wherein each of the plurality of GAP values is equal to a difference between one of the plurality of arterial hemoglobin concentration measurements and one of the plurality of capillary hemoglobin concentration measurements;(d) performing, by the processor, a calibration based on the plurality of arterial hemoglobin concentration measurements, the plurality of capillary hemoglobin concentration measurements, and the plurality of PI measurements; and(e) calculating, by the processor, a predicted arterial hemoglobin measurement using the calibration.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of GAP values comprises a Fahraeus effect related deviation (tGAP) and a transcapillary fluid filtration-absorption ratio (FAR) related GAP (fGAP) claim 1 , wherein tGAP related deviations in capillary hemoglobin ...

ANALYTE SENSOR

Systems and methods of use for continuous analyte measurement of a host's vascular system are provided. In some embodiments, a continuous glucose measurement system includes a vascular access device, a sensor and sensor electronics, the system being configured for insertion into communication with a host's circulatory system. 1. A method for evaluating a change in a sensitivity of an implanted analyte sensor over a predetermined time period , comprising:receiving sensor data from an analyte sensor implanted in a host, wherein the implanted sensor is configured to generate sensor data, wherein the sensor data comprises one or more sensor analyte values measured in a biological sample of a host;intermittently calculating a sensitivity of the analyte sensor; andevaluating, using an electronic device, a change in sensitivity by evaluating a plurality of time-spaced sensitivity calculations over a predetermined time period, wherein evaluating a change in sensitivity is based at least in part on using a priori sensitivity information throughout a sensor session, wherein the plurality of time spaced sensitivity calculations are not based on a blood-glucose measurement.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined time period is less than or equal to about 30 minutes.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined time period is less than or equal to about 20 minutes.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined time period is less than or equal to about 10 minutes.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein evaluating a change in sensitivity comprises evaluating at least two sensitivity measurements during the predetermined time period.6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising averaging and/or filtering the at least two sensitivity measurements prior to evaluating the at least two sensitivity measurements.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein evaluating a change in sensitivity comprises comparing the change in sensitivity with one or more criteria.8. The method ...

Method and device for testing sensorsto be applied on a patient's skin forthe detection of fluid or moisture

A method and device for testing sensors to be applied on a patient's skin for detection of liquid or moisture are described, in particular for monitoring vascular access in an extracorporeal blood treatment, in which a patient's blood is carried away from the patient via an arterial line and is fed to the patient via a venous line. A method for producing sensors to be applied on a patient's skin for detection of liquid or moisture is also described. The method and device according to the present invention are based on the testing of one or more moisture sensors which are taken from current production. The method includes providing a large number of twists of the moisture sensor applied onto a torsion body, the mechanical stresses thus recreating the stresses that can occur in practice when the moisture sensor is applied or stuck onto the patient's skin or forearm.

Analyte Sensor Calibration Management

Methods, devices, and systems for calibrating an analyte sensor are provided. Embodiments include determining a sensitivity value associated with an analyte sensor, retrieving a prior sensitivity value associated with the analyte sensor, determining whether a variance between the determined sensitivity value and the retrieved prior sensitivity value is within a predetermined sensitivity range, determining a composite sensitivity value based on the determined sensitivity value and the retrieved prior sensitivity value, and assigning a successful calibration sensitivity value based on the retrieved prior sensitivity value when the variance is within the predetermined sensitivity range. 1. A method , comprising:determining, using one or more processors, whether a first variance between a first sensitivity value and a second sensitivity value is within a first predetermined range;retrieving a first composite sensitivity value when it is determined that the first variance is not within the first predetermined range, wherein the retrieved first composite sensitivity value includes two or more prior time spaced sensitivity values;determining, using the one or more processors, whether a second variance between the first sensitivity value and the retrieved first composite sensitivity value is within a second predetermined range; andassigning a calibration sensitivity value based on the retrieved first composite sensitivity value when the second variance is within the second predetermined range.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:determining a second composite sensitivity value based on a prior calibration sensitivity value and the assigned calibration sensitivity value when the second variance is within the second predetermined range.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the determined second composite sensitivity value includes a weighted average of the prior calibration sensitivity value and the assigned calibration sensitivity value.4. The method of claim 1 , ...

Analyte Sensor

Systems and methods of use for continuous analyte measurement of a host's vascular system are provided. In some embodiments, a continuous glucose measurement system includes a vascular access device, a sensor and sensor electronics, the system being configured for insertion into communication with a host's circulatory system. 1. An integrated sensor system for measuring an analyte in a sample of a host and for fluid infusion into the host , comprising:an analyte sensor configured and arranged for measuring an analyte concentration in a biological sample of a circulatory system of a host;a vascular access device;tubing assembly comprising tubing; anda flow control device configured to regulate exposure of the analyte sensor to a biological sample and to a reference solution according to a flow profile, wherein the flow control device comprises a valve, and wherein the valve is configured and arranged with a gravity flow position and a controlled flow position.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system is configured such that the analyte sensor is flushed by the reference solution when the valve is in the gravity flow position.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the gravity flow position comprises a first flow rate of the solution claim 2 , wherein the controlled flow position comprises a second flow rate of the solution claim 2 , and wherein a ratio of the first flow rate to the second flow rate is at least about 10:1.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the gravity flow position has a flow rate of at least about 600 ml/hr.5. The system of claim 3 , wherein the controlled flow position has a flow rate of from about 0.5 ml/hr to about 4.0 ml/hour.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the valve is configured and arranged to receive the tubing in a substantially linear configuration.7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the valve and the tubing assembly are configured and arranged such that the tubing is in a stretched state after installation of the tubing in the valve.8. ...

METHOD FOR SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC BLOOD OXYGENATION MONITORING

According to the present invention, a method and apparatus for non-invasively determining the blood oxygen saturation level within a subject's tissue is provided. The method comprises the steps of: a) providing a spectrophotometric sensor operable to transmit light into the subject's tissue, and to sense the light; b) detecting light after passage through the subject's tissue using the sensor, and producing initial signal data from the light sensed; c) calibrating the sensor to that particular subject using the initial signal data, thereby accounting for the specific physical characteristics of the particular subject's tissue being sensed; and d) using the calibrated sensor to determine the blood oxygen parameter value within the subject's tissue. 1. A method for non-invasively determining a blood oxygen parameter value of a subject's tissue , comprising the steps of:providing a spectrophotometric sensor operable to transmit light into the subject's tissue, and to sense the light;detecting light after passage through the subject's tissue using the sensor, and producing initial signal data from the light sensed;calibrating the sensor to that particular subject using the initial signal data, thereby accounting for the specific physical characteristics of the particular subject's tissue being sensed; andsubsequent to calibrating the sensor, using the calibrated sensor to determine the blood oxygen parameter value within the subject's tissue.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the blood oxygen parameter is oxyhemoglobin.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the blood oxygen parameter is deoxyhemoglobin.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the calibrating step includes processing the signal data to consider pigmentation of the subject's tissue.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the processing step includes the use of absorption coefficients for pigmentation in the subject's tissue.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of determining the blood oxygen parameter value ...

NOVEL SENSOR INITIALIZATION METHODS FOR FASTER BODY SENSOR RESPONSE

A method of initializing a sensor with a voltage sequence including a ramped voltage combined with a biphasic voltage pulse. The initialization scheme results in faster in-vitro sensor run-in and stabilization times. In various examples, the in-vitro sensor stabilization time is reduced from 200 minutes to 40-55 minutes (a reduction by a factor of least 5 as compared to a non-initialized sensor). In addition, staircase voltage initialization is implemented adaptively so that the voltage step size and sweep rates are changed depending on the state of the sensor (characterized by ISIG magnitude). As a result, individual sensors can be initialized in a customized manner rather than by using a general hardwired and harsh initialization scheme. 1. An analyte sensor apparatus , comprising:a base substrate;an analyte sensing layer disposed over the electrode, wherein the analyte sensing layer detectably alters electrical current at the electrode in a presence of an analyte;an analyte modulating layer disposed over the analyte sensing layer, wherein the analyte modulating layer modulates diffusion of the analyte therethrough; anda circuit coupled to the electrode, the circuit generating and transmitting an initialization voltage to the electrode and the initialization voltage comprising a ramped voltage combined with a biphasic pulse.2. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the ramped voltage comprises a staircase voltage.3. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein:the circuit comprises a potentiostat connected to a voltage generation circuit,the voltage generation circuit generates and inputs the initialization voltage to the potentiostat,the potentiostat transmits the initialization voltage to the electrode, andthe ramped voltage comprises a voltage stepped from an initial voltage, causing charge re-distribution in the electrode, to a final voltage at which the potentiostat is biased when the electrical current provides a reliable measure of the analyte concentration during steady state ...

IN-BODY SENSOR HEALTH DIAGNOSTICS USING VSET BASED METHODS

Vset-based systems and methods for performing sensor health diagnostics are disclosed. Methods and systems for in-body glucose sensor health diagnostics may use steady-state Isig characterization under full-range operating Vsets, transient Isig response characterization after Vset alternations, transient Vset characterization, and open circuit potential measurements for estimating sensor health and for monitoring sensor properties. 1. A real-time diagnostic method for a glucose sensor used for measuring the level of glucose in the body of a user , said sensor including physical sensor electronics , a microcontroller , and a working electrode , the method comprising:periodically measuring, by the physical sensor electronics, electrode current (Isig) signals for the working electrode for a plurality of Vset values within a range of Vset values, wherein Vset is the operating potential for said sensor, and wherein each said measured Isig signal includes a steady-state signal component and a transient signal component;generating, by the microcontroller, a set of Isig-Vset pairs over time, each said pair comprising the steady-state signal component of one of said periodically measured Isig signals and its corresponding Vset value;generating, by the microcontroller, an Isig-Vset plot based on a plurality of said Isig-Vset pairs;determining, by the microcontroller, based on said Isig-Vset plot, whether the sensor is healthy; andwhen it is determined that the sensor is not healthy, blanking glucose sensor measurements to the user.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said range of Vset values is determined by said sensor's specific design.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said plurality of Vset values are uniformly distributed between a minimum Vset value and a maximum Vset value.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein said uniform distribution further includes a step resolution parameter.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said plurality of Vset values are non-uniformly distributed ...

Apparatus and methods for analyte sensor spatial mismatch mitigation and correction

Apparatus and methods for reducing error due to spatial arrangement of sensor elements in a parameter sensor such as a physiologic analyte sensor. In one exemplary embodiment, the analyte sensor is configured to measure an analyte of a living being (e.g., blood glucose), and the apparatus and methods employ determination of a blood analyte concentration based on a prescribed relationship of N1/N2—i.e., N1 analyte modulated sensing elements (e.g., glucose electrodes) associated with and proximate to N2 background sensing elements of the sensor—in order to compensate for response differences due to spatial arrangement of the sensor elements or “spatial mismatch.” This configuration of sensor elements and method of determining blood analyte concentration (based on multiple background signal electrodes) enables increased accuracy of the sensor.

Method and System for Providing Continuous Calibration of Implantable Analyte Sensors

Method and system for providing continuous calibration of analyte sensors includes calibrating a first sensor, receiving data associated with detected analyte levels from the first sensor, and calibrating a second sensor based on a predetermined scaling factor and data associated with detected analyte levels from the first sensor, is disclosed. 1. A system for providing continuous analyte sensor calibration comprising:a first sensor for subcutaneous placement in a patient; and "wherein at least a portion of the first sensor and at least a portion of the second sensor are in fluid contact with the patient's analyte substantially simultaneously for a time period.", 'a second sensor for subcutaneous placement in the patient after calibration of the first sensor;'}2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second sensor is subcutaneously placed in the patient after a predetermined time period has passed where the first sensor has been in fluid contact with an analyte of a patient.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the predetermined time period includes at least approximately 90% of the life of the first sensor.4. The system of claim 2 , wherein the predetermined time period includes at least approximately 50% of the life of the first sensor.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the time period is predetermined and includes approximately 2 hours to 10 hours.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the time period is variable claim 1 , and wherein the variable time period is determined to be when the analyte levels measured by the first and second sensors are within a correlation range.7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the correlation range is determined by a preset threshold value.8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first sensor is operatively coupled to a first transmitter unit claim 1 , and the second sensor is operatively coupled to a second transmitter unit claim 1 , the first and second transmitter units configured to receive data from the corresponding first and second ...

A METHOD OF SELECTING THE INTENSITY OF A LIGHT SOURCE FOR MONITORING AN ANALYTE IN BLOOD, AND A DEVICE THEREOF

A method of monitoring an analyte in blood, particularly glycated-haemoglobin (HbA1c or HgbA1c) using two photoplethysmocharty (PPG) sensors, which are worn on the body of a subject. Each photoplethysmocharty sensor observes blood of the subject in a different wavelength. One of the wavelengths monitors glycated-haemoglobin. The other one of the wavelengths monitors the body of blood in general. The shapes of the pulses obtained by each of the PPG sensor from the subject are used to adjust the intensity of the light emitted by the PPG sensors into the subject. If on adjustment of the light intensity, the shapes of the pulses become similar, the size of the pulses can be used to provide quasi-quantification of the analyte. 1. A method of selecting the intensity of a light source for monitoring an analyte in blood , comprising the step(s) of:providing the light source, the light source emitting light in a first wavelength into the tissue of the subject to obtain an analyte-pulse;providing a second light source, the second light source emitting light in a second wavelength into the tissue of the subject to obtain a blood-pulse;adjusting the intensity of the light emitted by the light source and/or the intensity of the light emitted by the second light source until the shape of the analyte-pulse and the shape of the blood-pulse are similar.2. A method of selecting the intensity of a light source for monitoring an analyte in blood as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising the step of:comparing the size of the analyte-pulse with the size of the blood-pulse to monitor the analyte.3. A method of selecting the intensity of a light source for monitoring an analyte in blood as claimed in claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , 1) about 275 nm', '2) about 340 nm to 350 nm', '3) about 415 nm to 420 nm', '4) about 540 nm; or', 'the second wavelength being in the red or infrared range.', '5) about 580 nm; and'}], 'the first wavelength being selected from, 'the analyte in the blood in an ...

Advanced analyte sensor calibration and error detection

Systems and methods for processing sensor data and self-calibration are provided. In some embodiments, systems and methods are provided which are capable of calibrating a continuous analyte sensor based on an initial sensitivity, and then continuously performing self-calibration without using, or with reduced use of, reference measurements. In certain embodiments, a sensitivity of the analyte sensor is determined by applying an estimative algorithm that is a function of certain parameters. Also described herein are systems and methods for determining a property of an analyte sensor using a stimulus signal. The sensor property can be used to compensate sensor data for sensitivity drift, or determine another property associated with the sensor, such as temperature, sensor membrane damage, moisture ingress in sensor electronics, and scaling factors.

Analyte Sensor Calibration Management

Methods and devices to detect analyte in body fluid are provided. Embodiments include positioning an analyte sensor in fluid contact with an analyte, detecting an attenuation in a signal from an analyte sensor after positioning during a predetermined time period, categorizing the detected attenuation in the analyte sensor signal based, at least in part, on one or more characteristics of the signal, performing signal processing to generate a reportable data associated with the detected analyte sensor signal during the predetermined time period, managing if and when to request additional reference signal measurements, and managing if and when to temporarily not display results. 1positioning an analyte sensor in fluid contact with an analyte;detecting an attenuation in a signal from an analyte sensor after positioning during a predetermined time period;categorizing the detected attenuation in the analyte sensor signal based, at least in part, on one or more characteristics of the signal; andperforming signal processing to generate a reportable data associated with the detected analyte sensor signal during the predetermined time period.. A method, comprising: The present application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/017,568 filed Feb. 5, 2016, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,730,623, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/270,332 filed May 5, 2014, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/729,075 filed Dec. 28, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,718,739, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/363,712 filed Jan. 30, 2009, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,346,335, which claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/040,633 filed Mar. 28, 2008 entitled “Analyte Sensor Calibration Management,” and assigned to the assignee of the present application, Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. of Alameda, Calif., the disclosures of each of which are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.The ...

Calibration Methods for a Bandage-Type Analyte Sensor

A flexible, body-mountable analyte sensing device includes a flexible substrate configured for mounting to skin of a living body. The sensing device additionally includes a sensor probe attached to the flexible substrate and configured to penetrate the skin such that a sensor disposed on the end of the sensor probe can be exposed to an analyte in interstitial fluid. The sensor could be an electrochemical sensor that includes two or more electrodes disposed at the end of the sensor probe and configured to electrochemically detect the analyte. The sensing device is configured to display detected concentrations or other information about the analyte in the interstitial fluid. The flexible substrate of the sensing device is configured to be adhered or otherwise mounted to the skin in a manner that minimally impacts activities of the living body. 1. A body-mountable device comprising:a flexible substrate, wherein the flexible substrate is configured to be mounted to a skin surface;a sensor configured to generate an electrical signal, wherein the electrical signal is related to a physiological property;an analog-to-digital converter, wherein the analog-to-digital converter is configured to receive the electrical signal generated by the sensor and to generate digital codes related to the received electrical signal, wherein the analog-to-digital converter is disposed on the flexible substrate; and obtaining calibration data;', 'operating the sensor to generate a plurality of samples of the electrical signal related to the physiological property;', 'operating the analog-to-digital converter to generate a plurality of digital codes corresponding to respective samples of the electrical signal generated by the sensor;', 'recording the generated plurality of digital codes;', 'determining that a trigger condition is met; and', 'determining, responsive to determining that the trigger condition is met, at least one value of the physiological property based on at least one recorded ...

Multiple Sensors for Biometric Analysis

Systems and methods are described that relate to a plurality of sensors configured to measure a physiological parameter. Each sensor of the plurality of sensors may be removably attached to an exterior surface of a living body. A controller may be configured to receive sensor data from the plurality of sensors. The sensor data may be indicative of the physiological parameter. The controller may correlate the sensor data to provide correlated data that is indicative of the physiological parameter. Based at least on the correlated data, the controller may determine a health state. The controller may further provide an indication based on the determined health state. 1. A system comprising:a plurality of sensors for measuring a physiological parameter, wherein at least one sensor of the plurality of sensors is configured for removable attachment to a respective location on an exterior surface of a living body; and receiving, from a first sensor of the plurality of sensors, first sensor data indicative of the physiological parameter;', 'receiving, from a second sensor of the plurality of sensors, second sensor data indicative of the physiological parameter;', 'correlating the first sensor data and the second sensor data to provide correlated data, wherein the correlated data is indicative of the physiological parameter;', 'determining a health state based on the correlated data; and', 'providing an indication based on the determined health state., 'a controller comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores instructions that are executable by the processor to cause the controller to perform operations comprising2. The system of claim 1 , wherein at least one sensor of the plurality of sensors is configured for removable attachment to the living body via a transdermal patch.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the transdermal patch comprises at least two sensors of the plurality of sensors.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the physiological parameter ...

Temperature-Insensitive Membrane Materials and Analyte Sensors Containing the Same

Membranes permeable to an analyte may overlay the active sensing region of a sensor to limit the analyte flux and improve the response linearity of the sensor. Temperature variation of the analyte permeability can be problematic in some instances. Polymeric membrane compositions having limited variation in analyte permeability as a function of temperature may comprise: a polymer backbone comprising one or more side chains that comprise a heterocycle; and an amine-free polyether arm appended, via an alkyl spacer or a hydroxy-functionalized alkyl spacer, to the heterocycle of at least a portion of the one or more side chains. 1. A polymeric membrane composition comprising:a polymer backbone comprising one or more side chains that comprise a heterocycle; andan amine-free polyether arm appended, via an alkyl spacer or a hydroxy-functionalized alkyl spacer, to the heterocycle of at least a portion of the one or more side chains.2. The polymeric membrane composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer backbone comprises a polyvinylpyridine or a polyvinylimidazole.3. The polymeric membrane composition of claim 2 , wherein the polymer backbone comprises a copolymer of vinylpyridine and styrene.4. The polymeric membrane composition of claim 1 , wherein the amine-free polyether arm comprises at least one polyethylene oxide block and at least one polypropylene oxide block claim 1 , the amine-free polyether arm being bound to a heterocyclic or heteroaromatic nitrogen atom in a side chain of the polymer backbone.6. The polymeric membrane composition of claim 5 , wherein x ranges between about 8 and about 16 claim 5 , y ranges between about 10 and about 32 claim 5 , and z ranges between about 10 and about 20.7. The polymeric membrane composition of claim 5 , wherein x≤z.8. The polymeric membrane composition of claim 5 , wherein a ratio of (x+z):y is at least about 1.7:1.9. The polymeric membrane composition of claim 5 , wherein a ratio of (x+z):y ranges between about 1.7:1 and about ...

Analyte Sensors and Methods of Making and Using the Same

Methods and systems for providing continuous analyte monitoring including in vivo sensors that do not require any user calibration during in vivo use are provided. Also provided are methods and devices including continuous analyte monitoring systems that include in vivo sensors which do not require any system executed calibration or which do not require any factory based calibration, and which exhibit stable sensor sensitivity characteristics. Methods of manufacturing the no calibration sensors and post manufacturing packaging and storage techniques are also provided. 1. (canceled)2. A method of processing sensor data output by a continuous analyte sensor implanted within a body , comprising:measuring a change in sensitivity or baseline of the sensor over a time interval;determining a drift compensation function to be applied to a plurality of time-spaced data points output by the sensor; andapplying the drift compensation function continuously to the data points.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein measuring the change in sensitivity or baseline of the sensor comprises comparing a measured sensitivity or baseline of the sensor to a predetermined sensitivity or baseline of the sensor.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein determining a drift compensation function to be applied is based claim 3 , at least in part claim 3 , on the predetermined sensitivity or baseline.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein a value of the predetermined sensitivity or baseline is encoded on sensor electronics.6. The method of claim 2 , further comprising comparing the measured change in sensitivity or baseline of the sensor to a priori knowledge regarding the change in sensitivity or baseline of the sensor over the time interval.7. The method of claim 2 , wherein measuring the change in sensitivity or baseline of the sensor occurs only after the sensor has been implanted within the body for at least a minimum duration.8. The method of claim 2 , further comprising prompting a user for a reference ...

Analyte meter with operational range configuration technique

Described are techniques governing the glycemic ranges that are applied and governed in the meter so the user is not required to understand or know the editing rules in order to use or set up the meter. These guiding principles will come into effect each time the user chooses to edit the ranges. There will be appropriate warning messages to inform the user if the user does not set the ranges correctly.

Method and Device for Determining Elapsed Sensor Life

Methods and systems for determining elapsed sensor life in medical systems, and more specifically continuous analyte monitoring systems. 1. (canceled)2. A method for processing sensor data of a continuous analyte sensor implanted within a body , comprising:initializing the sensor;applying a first set of time-dependent algorithmic functions to data associated with the sensor during a first interval based on a first elapsed time since the sensor was implanted; andapplying a second set of time-dependent algorithmic functions to the data associated with the sensor during a second interval after the first interval based on a second elapsed time since the sensor was implanted.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein initializing the sensor comprises engaging electronics associated with the sensor with a housing.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein engagement of the electronics with the receiving unit is detected and initialization commences automatically upon detection of the engagement.5. The method of claim 2 , further comprising determining whether the sensor has been previously used.6. The method of claim 2 , wherein applying the first set of time-dependent algorithmic functions comprises applying drift compensation to the data associated with the sensor.7. The method of claim 2 , wherein the first and second set of time-dependent algorithmic functions comprise first and second boundaries of acceptability.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the first boundary comprises a first sensitivity value and the second boundary comprises a second sensitivity value.9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the first boundary comprises a first baseline value and the second boundary comprises a second baseline value.10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the first boundary comprises a first drift rate of the sensitivity over a time period and the second boundary comprises a second drift rate of the sensitivity over time.11. The method of claim 7 , wherein the first boundary comprises a first drift ...

Fluorescence sensor

A light guide unit of a fluorescence sensor is disclosed, which includes at least an optical-waveguide film in which one or more optical waveguides are formed. Each of these films includes a plurality of optical channels that output excitation light (E) or input fluorescence (F). All the optical channels are covered with a fluorescence unit.

Accuracy of continuous glucose sensors

A method, apparatus, and a kit are capable of improving accuracy of CGS devices using dynamic outputs of continuous glucose sensors.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING COUPLING BETWEEN SIGNALS IN A MEASUREMENT SYSTEM

A method and an apparatus for separating a composite signal into a plurality of signals is described. A signal processor receives a composite signal and separates a composite signal in to separate output signals. Pre-demodulation signal values are used to adjust the demodulation scheme. 1. A system which measures one or more physiological characteristics of a living subject non-invasively by measuring pulsing light of two or more wavelengths after attenuation by body tissue , the system comprising:at least one emitter configured to emit light of at least two or more different wavelengths using a modulation scheme that cycles the at least two or more different wavelengths, the at least one emitter positioned to emit light in the direction of a living subject;at least one detector configured to detect the light of the at least two or more different wavelengths emitted from the at least one detector after the light has been attenuated by tissue of the living subject, the detector further configured to generate a detector signal representative of the emitted light;a demodulation system configured to demodulate the detector signal, the demodulation system configured to adjust the demodulation of the detector signal to reduce crosstalk based, at least in part, on pre-demodulation signal values.2. The system of claim 1 , the demodulation system is further configured to adjust the demodulation based on previously demodulated signal values.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the demodulation is adjusted during an initial calibration period.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the demodulation is adjusted during periodic calibration periods during measurement.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the demodulation system comprises a plurality of demodulation coefficients used to demodulate the detector signal.6. The system of claim 5 , wherein at least one demodulation coefficient is used for each of the at least two or more different wavelengths.7. The system of claim 2 , wherein ...

SENSOR INSERTION DEVICE AND METHOD FOR OPERATING SAID DEVICE

A sensor inserting device includes a device main body and a push handle for moving a detector of a sensor and an insertion needle, with the sensor held coupled to the insertion needle, into the body of a patient. A transmitter, for processing a signal from the sensor, is set in the device main body. A cable, allowing transmission of a signal between the sensor and the transmitter, is connected to the sensor () and the transmitter. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. A sensor inserting device comprising:a device main body comprises a signal transmitting part;a movement mechanism provided in the device main body and configured to move a detector of a sensor and an insertion needle, while in a held state, the sensor is held together with the insertion needle for piercing a body of a person to be measured, wherein the sensor is electrically connected to the signal transmitting part; anda signal processor configured to be attached to and detached from the device main body and electrically connected to the signal transmitting part, wherein a signal, associated with biological information, produced by the sensor is transmitted through the signal transmitting part to the signal processor, and wherein the signal transmitting part is capable of transmitting a signal between the sensor and the signal processor when the signal processor is attached to the device main body in the held state of the movement mechanism.13. The sensor inserting device according to claim 1 , further comprising:an alarming unit operable to determine an operating state of the sensor when the signal processor is attached and operable to inform a user of the fault in the sensor when a circuit, including one or more of a group comprising the signal transmitting part connected to the sensor and the sensor, has a fault.14. The sensor inserting device according to claim 1 , wherein the device main ...

MULTIPLE WAVELENGTH SENSOR EMITTERS

A physiological sensor has light emitting sources, each activated by addressing at least one row and at least one column of an electrical grid. The light emitting sources are capable of transmitting light of multiple wavelengths and a detector is responsive to the transmitted light after attenuation by body tissue.

Advanced analyte sensor calibration and error detection

Systems and methods for processing sensor data and self-calibration are provided. In some embodiments, systems and methods are provided which are capable of calibrating a continuous analyte sensor based on an initial sensitivity, and then continuously performing self-calibration without using, or with reduced use of, reference measurements. In certain embodiments, a sensitivity of the analyte sensor is determined by applying an estimative algorithm that is a function of certain parameters. Also described herein are systems and methods for determining a property of an analyte sensor using a stimulus signal. The sensor property can be used to compensate sensor data for sensitivity drift, or determine another property associated with the sensor, such as temperature, sensor membrane damage, moisture ingress in sensor electronics, and scaling factors.

NON-INVASIVE BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL MEASUREMENT METHOD AND NON-INVASIVE BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL MEASUREMENT DEVICE

The non-invasive blood glucose level measurement device () is provided with a pulse waveform measurement unit () having FBG sensors () for measuring an acceleration pulse wave of a test subject; and a data-processing unit () for calculating the blood glucose level of the test subject at the point in time of measurement of the acceleration pulse wave, from waveform information of the measured acceleration pulse wave, on the basis of a predetermined correlation. The correlation is a calibration curve constructed by carrying out a PLS regression analysis, using the blood glucose level measured by a non-invasive blood glucose method as the objective variable, and a simultaneously-measured acceleration pulse wave as the explanatory variable. A non-invasive blood glucose level measurement device capable of measuring blood glucose level at about the same measurement accuracy as an invasive blood glucose measurement device can be achieved thereby. 1. A non-invasive blood glucose level measurement method including:a blood glucose level calculation step of finding, from waveform information regarding an acceleration pulse wave measured from a test subject, a blood glucose level when measurements were made of the acceleration pulse wave of the test subject, based on a predetermined correlation between the acceleration pulse wave and the blood glucose level,wherein the correlation is established between a first blood glucose level that is a blood glucose level measured with an invasive measurement method from the test subject or a different test subject, and a first acceleration pulse wave that is an acceleration pulse wave measured at the same time that the first blood glucose level was measured.2. The non-invasive blood glucose level measurement method according to claim 1 ,Wherein the correlation is defined by a calibration curve constructed by performing a PLS regression analysis, using the first blood glucose level as an objective variable, and the first acceleration pulse ...

Measuring Apparatus, Computer Readable Medium Storing Measuring Program and Measuring Method

A measuring apparatus includes: a sensor configured to be indwelled in vivo; an identifying unit configured to identify a setting position of the sensor; a calculation unit configured to calculate a concentration of a specified substance contained in a sample, based on a signal given from the sensor; and a storage unit configured to store plural pieces of arithmetic information, wherein the calculation unit selects one of the plural pieces of arithmetic information from the storage unit, based on the sensor setting position identified by the identifying unit and calculates the concentration of the specified substance contained in the sample by using the selected arithmetic information.

SYSTEM. DEVICE, AND METHODS FOR HYDRATION MONITORING

A method of monitoring hydration including obtaining biological data for a given period of time, wherein the biological data includes measurements of one or more biological indicators; converting the biological data into a baseline value; obtaining real-time biological data from one or more biological sensors; performing a pre-processing analysis of the real-time biological data; comparing the real-time biological data with baseline value to create a hydration index 1. A method of monitoring hydration comprising:obtaining, via one or more biological sensors for a wearable device, real-time biological data;filtering the real-time biological data into real-time biological data corresponding to a rest period;determining a hydration index by comparing the real-time biological data corresponding to the rest period with a baseline value representing a euhydrated state; anddetermining whether the hydration index falls within a predetermined range of expected values.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:generating an updated baseline value based at least in part on the hydration index.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein filtering the real-time biological data is filtered using a pre-processing analysis which includes a mathematical analysis selected from the group comprising neural networks claim 1 , support vector machines claim 1 , Bayesian methods claim 1 , linear regression methods claim 1 , moving average claim 1 , trimmed mean claim 1 , FIR filter claim 1 , IIR filter claim 1 , low-pass filter claim 1 , analytic function(s) claim 1 , extended Kalman filter claim 1 , piecewise-linear regression functions claim 1 , and combinations thereof.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the baseline value is based on biological data for a user over a given period of time.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:tracking a loss in fluid volume of a user based on volume loss models; andcalculating the effect of the loss in fluid volume on the user's hydration index.6. The ...

SENSOR IDENTIFICATION AND INTEGRITY CHECK DESIGN

An analyte sensor apparatus including a sensing portion including one or more electrodes including a working electrode and one or more contacts for electrically connecting the sensor portion to control circuitry (e.g., a printed circuit board assembly, PCBA); and a circuit comprising the one or more contacts; wherein the circuit detects an electrical connection between the control circuitry without requiring exposure of the sensing portion to a fluid. 1. An analyte sensor apparatus , comprising: one or more electrodes including a working electrode;', 'an analyte sensing layer on the working electrode, wherein the analyte sensing layer detectably alters an electrical current at the working electrode in a presence of an analyte; and', 'a plurality of contacts for electrically connecting the one or more electrodes to a printed circuit board assembly (PCBA); and wherein:', 'a circuit comprising one or more of the contacts detects an electrical connection between the one or more of the contacts and the PCBA without requiring exposure of the sensor portion to a fluid; and', 'the PCBA comprises one or more processors for receiving the electrical current and determining a concentration level of the analyte from the electrical current., 'a sensing portion including2. The analyte sensor apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:the contacts including a first contact (T); andthe PCBA further including a plurality of sensor connection contacts for electrically connecting the PCBA to the sensing portion, the sensor connection contacts including a second contact (A) and a third contact (B); and wherein:the sensor portion in operable connection with the PCBA causes the first contact to physically contact both the second contact (A) and the third contact (B) so as to form the electrical connection between the second contact (A) and the second contact (B), andthe circuit detects the electrical connection comprising a conduction path between the second contact and the third contact ...

BIOLOGICAL-INFORMATION MEASUREMENT DEVICE

Provided is a biological-information measurement device having a small-sized device configuration without a reduction in measurement precision. Reflected light from a measurement object () is split using a rotary diffraction grating (), and the space requirements and number of components of a light-splitting optical system can thereby be reduced. A reflecting member () for reflecting light incident from a measurement probe () instead of the measurement object () and emitting the light to the measurement probe () is also provided, whereby an optical path for obtaining a measurement signal and an optical path for obtaining a reference signal can be configured in common, space requirements can be reduced, and precision of calibration can be enhanced. As a result, particularly the light-splitting optical system and a reference signal optical system can be reduced in size without a reduction in measurement precision. 1. A biological information measurement device comprising:a light source;a first optical path configured to guide light emitted from the light source to a measurement target;a second optical path configured to guide reflection light reflected from the measurement target;a rotation diffraction grid configured to split reflection light guided from the second optical path;a light receiving element configured to receive split light from the rotation diffraction grid; anda reflection member configured to reflect incident light from the first optical path and emit the incident light to the second optical path in place of the measurement target.2. The biological information measurement device according to wherein the rotation diffraction grid includes:a Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS) mirror; anda diffraction grid formed on a mirror surface of the MEMS mirror.3. The biological information measurement device according to claim 2 , wherein the rotation diffraction grid rotates such that an incident angle of the reflection light guided from the second optical ...

TRANSCUTANEOUS ANALYTE SENSOR

The present invention relates generally to systems and methods for measuring an analyte in a host. More particularly, the present invention relates to systems and methods for transcutaneous measurement of glucose in a host. 1. A sensor system for measuring an analyte concentration in a host , the sensor system comprising:a sensor comprising at least one electrode; andsensor electronics configured to measure the analyte concentration in the host when the sensor is implanted therein, wherein the sensor electronics comprise a data sampling portion in data communication with the at least one electrode, wherein the data sampling portion comprises an analog portion configured to measure the current flowing at the at least one electrode and to convert the current measurement to digital values representative of the current, wherein the digital values are acquired at a predetermined time interval.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined time interval is programmed.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined time interval is programmable.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined time interval is programmable at an interval from about 6 seconds to about 3600 seconds.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensor electronics comprise a transmitter portion for transmitting a signal indicating a level of the analyte in the host at a programmable transmission interval.6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the programmable transmission interval is a multiple of the predetermined time interval.7. The system of claim 5 , wherein the transmission interval is programmable from about 30 seconds to about 60 minutes.8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensor electronics are configured to measure the current flow in at least a picoAmp range.9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensor electronics comprise an integrated circuit.10. The system of claim 9 , wherein the integrated circuit comprises the data sampling portion.11. The system of claim 1 , wherein ...

Transcutaneous analyte sensor

The present invention relates generally to systems and methods for measuring an analyte in a host. More particularly, the present invention relates to systems and methods for transcutaneous measurement of glucose in a host.

Fiber Optic Device for Sensing Analytes and Method of Making Same

A device for sensing analyte concentration, and in particular glucose concentration, in vivo or in vitro is disclosed. A sensing element is attached to the distal end of an optical conduit, and comprises at least one binding protein adapted to bind with at least one target analyte. The sensing element further comprises at least one reporter group that undergoes a luminescence change with changing analyte concentrations. Optionally, the optical conduit and sensing element may be housed within a cannulated bevel.

CAPACITOR DETECTION FOR IV PUMP TUBE CALIBRATION

A system and method for calibrating an IV pump infusion system tube comprises a fluid source, an infusion system comprising, an IV pump, a drive unit, a chamber with known constant volume, a control unit, and IV tubing with a known inner diameter tolerance, and a set of conductive plates. The system administers medicinal fluid, calculates the flow rate of the medicinal fluid in the chamber by measuring the time the capacitance level of the medicinal fluid changes from a capacitance level corresponding to a first (initial) position to a capacitance level corresponding to a second (filled) position, compares the calculated flow rate with a set flow rate of the IV pump input in the control unit prior to infusion, and adjusts the IV pump and flow rate based on the compared deviations for more accurate delivery to a patient. This configuration may therefore provide a more precise delivery rate. 1. A calibration system for an IV pump infusion , comprising:a chamber with constant volume comprising an inlet and an outlet, and is configured to allow the medicinal fluid to enter via the inlet and exit via the outlet;two or more conductive plates coupled to the chamber and configured to measure the amount of time the medicinal fluid changes in capacitance level from a first capacitance level corresponding to an first position of the medicinal fluid in the chamber to a second capacitance level corresponding to a second position of the medicinal fluid in the chamber, and transmit this measurement to an IV pump control unit.2. The calibration system according to claim 1 , wherein the conductive plates are coupled between the first position and the second position claim 1 , and further configured to detect capacitance levels as the medicinal fluid rises.3. The calibration system according to claim 2 , wherein the control unit is further configured to convert the detected capacitance levels into electric signals and compare the electric signals with reference signals corresponding ...

REED SWITCH DETECTION FOR IV PUMP TUBE CALIBRATION

A system and method for calibrating an IV pump infusion system tube comprises a fluid source, an infusion system comprising, an IV pump, a drive unit, a chamber with known constant volume, a control unit, and IV tubing with a known inner diameter tolerance, and a switch and magnetic floating object. The system administers medicinal fluid, calculates the flow rate of the medicinal fluid in the chamber by measuring the time the switch is activated as medicinal fluid rises in the chamber, compares the calculated flow rate with a set flow rate of the IV pump input in the control unit prior to infusion, and adjusts the IV pump and flow rate based on the compared deviations for more accurate delivery to a patient. This configuration may provide a more precise delivery rate of medicinal fluid, preventing harm to the patient and waste of medicine. 1. A calibration system for an IV pump infusion , comprising:a chamber with constant volume comprising an inlet and an outlet, and is configured to allow medicinal fluid to enter via the inlet and exit via the outlet;a magnetic floating detection object configured to float in the medicinal fluid;a switch coupled to the chamber and configured to measure the amount of time the medicinal fluid rises from a first position in the chamber up to a second position based on the amount of time the magnetic floating detection object rises in the medicinal fluid, and transmit the measurement to an IV pump control unit.2. The calibration system according to claim 1 , wherein the switch is a reed switch and is coupled between the first position and the second position claim 1 , and further configured to continuously detect a magnetic force of the magnetic floating detection object as it passes the first position and completely passes the second position when the medicinal fluid rises.3. The calibration system according to claim 1 , wherein the first position corresponds to a bottom portion of the switch along the chamber claim 1 , and the ...

VISUAL DETECTION FOR IV PUMP TUBE CALIBRATION

A system and method for calibrating an IV pump infusion system tube comprises a fluid source, an infusion system comprising, an IV pump, a drive unit, a chamber with known constant volume, a control unit, and IV tubing with a known inner diameter tolerance, and a sensor and floating detection object. The system administers medicinal fluid, calculates the flow rate of the medicinal fluid in the chamber by measuring the time the floating detection object and medicinal fluid rises in the chamber, compares the calculated flow rate with a set flow rate of the IV pump input in the control unit prior to infusion, and adjusts the IV pump and flow rate based on the compared deviations for more accurate delivery to a patient. This configuration may provide a more precise delivery rate of medicinal fluid, preventing harm to the patient and waste of medicine. 1. A calibration system for IV pump infusion , comprising:a chamber with constant volume comprising an inlet and an outlet, and is configured to allow medicinal fluid to enter via the inlet and exit via the outlet;a floating detection object configured to float in the medicinal fluid;a sensor coupled to the chamber and configured to measure the amount of time the medicinal fluid rises from an first position in the chamber up to a second position based on the amount of time the floating detection object in the medicinal fluid rises, and transmit this measurement to an IV pump control unit.2. The calibration system according to claim 1 , wherein the sensor is coupled between the first position and the second position claim 1 , and further configured to continuously detect the floating detection object as it passes the first position and completely passes the second position when the medicinal fluid rises.3. The calibration system according to claim 1 , wherein the sensor is a visual image sensor and is further configured to detect a specific color or shape and the floating detection object is an object having the specified ...