Methanol Carbonylation System with Multiple Absorber Feed Options

A methanol carbonylation system 10 includes an absorber tower 75 adapted for receiving a vent gas stream and removing methyl iodide therefrom with a scrubber solvent, the absorber tower being coupled to first and second scrubber solvent sources 16, 56 which are capable of supplying different first and second scrubber solvents. A switching system including valves 90, 92, 94, 96, 98 alternatively provides first or second scrubber solvents to the absorber tower and returns the used solvent and sorbed material to the carbonylation system to accommodate different operating modes.

BAYONET CATALYTIC REACTOR

A bayonet reactor including a catalytic reactor in the form of an annular structured packing is provided with increased surface area for the transfer of heat between annulus gas and return gas, an increased coefficient of heat transfer between the annulus and return gases, and a reduced overall pressure drop relative to conventional reactors. The reactors of the present technology can enable intensified catalytic processing. 1. A bayonet catalytic reactor comprising:an outer tube having an open first end and a closed second end;an inner tube disposed at least partially within the outer tube, the inner tube having an open first end and an open second end; anda catalytic reactor comprising a structured packing disposed within an annulus defined by an inner diameter of the outer tube and an outer diameter of the inner tube,wherein the outer diameter of the inner tube is at least 0.45 times the inner diameter of the outer tube.2. The bayonet catalytic reactor of claim 1 , wherein the outer diameter of the inner tube is at least 0.63 times the inner diameter of the outer tube.3. The bayonet catalytic reactor of claim 1 , wherein the outer diameter of the inner tube is at least 0.77 times the inner diameter of the outer tube.4. The bayonet catalytic reactor of claim 1 , further comprising a second catalytic reactor disposed within the inner tube proximate the second end of the inner tube.5. The bayonet catalytic reactor of claim 4 , wherein the second catalytic reactor is a structured reactor comprising a honeycomb catalytic reactor.6. The bayonet catalytic reactor of claim 4 , wherein the second catalytic reactor extends from the second end of the inner tube toward the first end of the inner tube to a distance less than 50% of the distance from the second end of the inner tube to the first end of the inner tube.7. The bayonet catalytic reactor of claim 1 , wherein the bayonet catalytic reactor is a steam reforming reactor.8. The bayonet catalytic reactor of claim 1 , ...

HYDROCARBON PRODUCTION APPARATUS AND HYDROCARBON PRODUCTION PROCESS

The hydrocarbon production apparatus is provided with a gas-liquid separator for cooling gaseous state hydrocarbons drawn out from a gas phase portion of a reactor for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction and liquefying a portion of the hydrocarbons. A light liquid hydrocarbon supply line for supplying light hydrocarbons is disposed between a downstream side line which is downstream from the last stage of a gas-liquid separating unit of the gas-liquid separator, and an upstream side line which is upstream from the last stage of the gas-liquid separating unit of the gas-liquid separator, wherein the downstream side line is a liquid hydrocarbon line on the downstream side through which the light hydrocarbons having cloud points lower than the temperature at an outlet of a cooler in the last stage of the gas-liquid separating unit are flowed. 1. A hydrocarbon production apparatus which retains internally slurry containing catalyst particles and liquid hydrocarbons to produce hydrocarbons by using a slurry bubble column reactor having a gas phase portion at an upper part of the slurry according to the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction , the hydrocarbon production apparatus comprising:a gas-liquid separator having a plurality of gas-liquid separating units for cooling hydrocarbons which have been drawn out from the gas phase portion of the reactor and are in a gaseous state under conditions inside the reactor, thereby liquefying a portion of the hydrocarbons to conduct gas-liquid separation, whereineach of the plurality of gas-liquid separating units is provided with:a cooler;a gas-liquid separation vessel;a downstream side line which is downstream from the last stage of the gas-liquid separating unit of the gas-liquid separator, wherein a light liquid hydrocarbon line on the downstream side therein which light liquid hydrocarbons having cloud points lower than a temperature at an outlet of the cooler in the last stage of the gas-liquid separating unit are flowed ...

FLAMELESS THERMAL OXIDIZER AND RELATED METHOD OF SHAPING REACTION ZONE

A flameless thermal oxidizer (FTO) includes at least one baffle constructed and arranged in a reaction chamber of the FTO to coact with a diptube of the FTO to radially expand a resulting “bubble” or reaction envelope from the diptube outward into a porous matrix of the FTO. A related method is also provided. 1. A flameless thermal oxidizer (FTO) , comprising:at least one baffle constructed and arranged in a reactive chamber of the FTO to coact with a diptube of the FTO to radiate and expand a resulting reaction envelope from the diptube outward into a porous matrix of the FTO.2. The FTO of claim 1 , wherein the at least one baffle is constructed from a material selected from the group consisting of an impermeable material claim 1 , and a semi-permeable material.3. The FTO of claim 1 , wherein the at least one baffle is positioned in the reactive chamber at a surface of the porous matrix.4. The FTO of claim 1 , wherein the reaction envelope comprises a bubble shape beneath the at least one baffle.5. The FTO of claim 1 , wherein the at least one baffle extends across a substantial portion of a surface area of the porous matrix.6. The FTO of claim 1 , wherein the at least one baffle is positioned in the reactive chamber below a surface of the porous matrix.7. The FTO of claim 6 , wherein the at least one baffle is positioned closer to an outlet of the diptube than the surface of the porous mixture.8. The FTO of claim 6 , wherein the at least one baffle is constructed from a material selected from the group consisting of an impermeable material claim 6 , and a semi-permeable material.9. The FTO of claim 1 , wherein the at least one baffle is an upper baffle positioned in the reactive chamber at a surface of the porous matrix claim 1 , and further comprising a lower baffle positioned in the reactive chamber below the surface of the porous mixture and spaced apart from the upper baffle.10. The FTO of claim 9 , wherein the upper and lower baffles each comprise similar ...

SYSTEMS, METHODS AND DEVICES FOR THE CAPTURE AND HYDROGENATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE WITH THERMOCHEMICAL Cu-Cl AND Mg-Cl-Na/K-CO2 CYCLES

Systems, methods, and devices for producing hydrogen and capturing CO2 from emissions combine both H2 production and CO2 capture processes in forms of thermochemical cycles to produce useful products from captured CO2. The thermochemical cycles are copper-chlorine (Cu—Cl) and magnesium-chlorine-sodium/potassium cycles (Mg—CI—Na/K—CO2). One system comprises a Cu—Cl cycle, a CO2 capture loop, and a hydrogenation cycle. Another system comprises an Mg—CI—Na/K—CO2 cycle and a hydrogenation cycle. Devices for hydrogen production, CO2 capture, hydrogenation, and process and equipment integration include a two-stage fluidized/packed bed, hybrid two-stage spray-fluidized/packed bed reactor, a two-stage wet-mode absorber, a hybrid two-stage absorber, and a catalyst packed/fluidized bed reactor. 1. A system for hydrogen production , CO2 capture and production of carbon based compounds , the system comprising:a copper-chlorine (Cu—Cl) cycle;a CO2 capture loop; anda hydrogenation cycle,wherein the Cu—Cl cycle, the CO2 capture loop and the hydrogenation cycle are integratedan electolyzer for receiving CuCl (s);a spray dryer for receiving CuCl2 (aq) from the electrolyzer;a hydrolysis reactor for receiving CuCl2 (s) from the spray dryer;a copper oxychloride decomposition reactor for receiving CuO and CuCl (s) from the hydrolysis reactor; anda CO2 capture apparatus wherein CO2 is captured from the mixture of CO2, N2, and H2O,wherein the spray dryer provides hydrated slurry of CuCl2 to the CO2 capture device and returns clear CuCl2 solution to the electrolyzer, the CO2 capture device providing anhydrous CuCl2 to the hydrolysis reactor.2. (canceled)3. A system according to claim 1 , wherein the CO2 capture device provides water vapour and N2 to a unit for separating the water vapour and the N2 and for providing water input to the Cu—Cl cycle.4. A system according to claim 1 , wherein the CO2 capture apparatus is selected from the group consisting of a dry-mode absorber claim 1 , a wet ...

HIGH-PURITY SILICON TO FORM SILICON CARBIDE FOR USE IN A FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR

Segmented silicon carbide liners for use in a fluidized bed reactor for production of polysilicon-coated granulate material are disclosed, as well as methods of making and using the segmented silicon carbide liners. Non-contaminating bonding materials for joining silicon carbide segments also are disclosed. One or more of the silicon carbide segments may be constructed of reaction-bonded silicon carbide. 1. A silicon carbide liner for a fluidized bed reactor for production of polysilicon-coated granulate material , the liner having an inwardly facing surface that at least partially defines a reaction chamber , at least a portion of the liner comprising reaction-bonded silicon carbide having , on at least a portion of the inwardly facing surface of the liner , a surface contamination level of:less than 3% atomic of dopants; andless than 5% atomic of foreign metals.2. The silicon carbide liner of claim 1 , wherein the portion has a surface contamination level of less than 3% atomic of dopants B claim 1 , Al claim 1 , Ga claim 1 , Be claim 1 , Sc claim 1 , N claim 1 , P claim 1 , As claim 1 , Ti claim 1 , and Cr claim 1 , combined.3. The silicon carbide liner of claim 1 , wherein the portion has a surface contamination level of:less than 1% atomic of phosphorus; andless than 1% atomic of boron.4. The silicon carbide liner of claim 1 , wherein the reaction-bonded silicon carbide has a mobile metal concentration sufficiently low that the polysilicon-coated granulate material produced in the fluidized bed reactor has a mobile metal contamination level of≦1 ppbw.5. The silicon carbide liner of claim 1 , wherein the reaction-bonded silicon carbide has a mobile metal concentration sufficiently low that a mobile metal partial pressure in the fluidized bed reactor is less than 0.1 Pa during operation of the fluidized bed reactor.6. The silicon carbide liner of claim 1 , wherein the reaction-bonded silicon carbide is siliconized silicon carbide prepared with solar-grade or ...

PROCESS FOR PREPARING CHLORSILANES

The present disclosure relates to a process for producing chlorosilanes in a fluidized bed reactor by reaction of a hydrogen and silicon tetrachloride-containing reaction gas with a particulate contact mass containing silicon and a catalyst. The chlorosilanes have the general formula HSiCland/or HClSi. The reactor design is described by an index K1, the constitution of the contact mass is described by an index K2 and the reaction conditions are described by an index K3. 118-. (canceled)20. The process of claim 19 , wherein K1 has a value of 3 to 18 claim 19 , preferably of 4 to 16 claim 19 , or particularly preferably of 6 to 12.21. The process of claim 19 , wherein K2 has a value of 0.005 to 100 claim 19 , preferably of 0.01 to 25 claim 19 , or particularly preferably of 0.02 to 15.22. The process of claim 19 , wherein K3 has a value of 0.5 to 10 000 claim 19 , preferably of 3 to 3000 claim 19 , or particularly preferably of 5 to 1000.23. The process of claim 19 , wherein the effective reactor volume Vis 5 to 200 m claim 19 , preferably 10 to 150 m claim 19 , or particularly preferably 20 to 100 m.24. The process of claim 19 , wherein the hydraulic plant diameter dis 0.75 to 2m or preferably 0.8 to 1.5m.25. The process of claim 19 , wherein the pressure drop over the fluidized bed pis 30 claim 19 ,000 to 150 claim 19 ,000 kg/m*sor preferably 50 claim 19 ,000 to 120 claim 19 ,000 kg/m*s.26. The process of claim 19 , wherein the particle Sauter diameter dis 50 to 1500 μm claim 19 , preferably 100 to 1000 μm claim 19 , or particularly preferably 200 to 800 μm.27. The process of claim 19 , wherein the breadth of the particle size distribution of the contact mass Bis 100 to 1000 μm or preferably 300 to 800 μm.28. The process of claim 19 , wherein the relative catalyst distribution in the contact mass δis 0.005 to 5 or preferably 0.01 to 2.5.290. The process of claim 19 , wherein the catalyst is selected from the group of Fe claim 19 , Al claim 19 , Ca claim 19 , Ni ...

Methanol Carbonylation System with Multiple Absorber Feed Options

A methanol carbonylation system includes an absorber tower adapted for receiving a vent gas stream and removing methyl iodide therefrom with a scrubber solvent, the absorber tower being coupled to first and second scrubber solvent sources which are capable of supplying different first and second scrubber solvents. A switching system including valves alternatively provides first or second scrubber solvents to the absorber tower and returns the used solvent and sorbed material to the carbonylation system to accommodate different operating modes. 1. An apparatus for producing acetic acid comprising:(a) a reactor for carbonylating methanol or its reactive derivatives, the reactor containing a catalyst selected from rhodium catalysts, iridium catalysts and mixtures thereof, and a methyl iodide promoter in an acetic acid reaction mixture;(b) a feed system for providing carbon monoxide and methanol or its reactive derivatives to the reactor;(c) a flash system configured to receive a stream of the reaction mixture and separate it into (i) at least a first liquid recycle stream, and (ii) a crude process stream containing acetic acid;(d) a first distillation column coupled to the flash system, the first distillation column being adapted to separate low boiling components including methyl iodide from the crude process stream, and generate a purified process stream,the first distillation column and optionally the reactor and flash system also operating to generate a vent gas stream comprising volatile organic components including methyl iodide;(e) an absorber tower receiving the vent gas stream and removing methyl iodide therefrom with a first or a second scrubber solvent, the first and second scrubber solvents being different solvents, the absorber tower also being coupled to a first scrubber solvent source and a second scrubber solvent source both of which are external to the absorber tower and which are capable of supplying the different first and second scrubber solvents; ...

METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR REGENERATING CATALYST PARTICLES

Apparatuses and methods are provided for regenerating catalyst particles. In one embodiment, a method for regenerating catalyst particles includes passing the catalyst particles through a halogenation zone and a drying zone. The method feeds drying gas to the drying zone and passes a first portion of the drying gas from the drying zone to the halogenation zone. The method includes removing a second portion of the drying gas from the drying zone and injecting a halogen gas into the second portion of the drying gas. Further, the method includes delivering the halogen gas and the second portion of the drying gas to the halogenation zone. In the method, substantially all of the drying gas fed to the drying zone enters the halogenation zone. 1. A method for regenerating catalyst particles , the method comprising the steps of:passing the catalyst particles through a halogenation zone and a drying zone;feeding drying gas to the drying zone;passing a first portion of the drying gas from the drying zone to the halogenation zone;removing a second portion of the drying gas from the drying zone;injecting a halogen gas into the second portion of the drying gas; anddelivering the halogen gas and the second portion of the drying gas to the halogenation zone, wherein substantially all of the drying gas fed to the drying zone enters the halogenation zone.2. The method of wherein the halogenation zone and the drying zone are located in a vessel claim 1 , and wherein removing the second portion of the drying gas from the drying zone comprises removing the second portion of the drying gas from the vessel.3. The method of wherein delivering the halogen gas and the second portion of the drying gas to the halogenation zone comprises delivering the halogen gas and the second portion of the drying gas to the vessel.4. The method of further comprising passing the second portion of the drying gas through an external tunnel from the drying zone to the halogenation zone claim 3 , wherein ...

Methods and systems for slurry hydrocracking with reduced feed bypass

Methods and systems for slurry hydrocracking with reduced feed bypass and methods for modulating an amount of toluene insoluble material present in a slurry hydrocracking reactor are provided. An exemplary slurry hydrocracking method comprises the steps of: combining a hydrocarbon feed and a slurry hydrocracking catalyst or catalyst precursor to generate a slurry hydrocracking feed; introducing the slurry hydrocracking feed to a slurry hydrocracking reactor under hydrocracking conditions suitable to generate a first product stream; drawing a drag stream from the slurry hydrocracking reactor, the drag stream comprising a hydrocarbon, mesophase material, and solid catalyst particles; separating the drag stream into a first separated stream and a recycle stream, with the first separated stream comprising mesophase material and solid catalyst particles, and the recycle stream comprising the hydrocarbon; and directing the recycle stream into the slurry hydrocracking reactor.

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR INCREASING PRODUCTION OF MIDDLE DISTILLATE HYDROCARBONS FROM HEAVY HYDROCARBON FEED DURING FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING

A method is provided for increasing production of middle distillate hydrocarbons from conversion of a heavy hydrocarbon feed in a fluid catalytic cracking system having a primary riser and a secondary riser, wherein the method comprises providing regenerated catalyst to the primary riser and operating the primary riser under severe conditions and providing spent catalyst to the secondary riser and operating the secondary riser under moderate conditions. 1. A method for fluid catalytic cracking , said method comprising the steps of:contacting at least a portion of a heavy hydrocarbon feed with a fluidized regenerated catalyst in a primary riser to produce a primary cracked product that comprises primary spent catalyst;separating the primary cracked product into the primary spent catalyst and a substantially catalyst-free primary cracked product;contacting an intermediate hydrocarbon feed with a fluidized spent catalyst to produce a secondary cracked product that comprises secondary spent catalyst, wherein the intermediate hydrocarbon feed comprises: at least a portion of the substantially catalyst-free primary cracked product, at least a portion of the heavy hydrocarbon feed, at least a portion of a different heavy hydrocarbon feed than is used in the primary riser, or combinations thereof;separating the secondary cracked product into the secondary spent catalyst and a substantially catalyst-free secondary product comprising the middle distillates;providing regenerated catalyst to the primary riser; andproviding spent catalyst to the secondary riser.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: contacting at least a portion of the primary spent catalyst with an oxygen-containing gas to produce primary regenerated catalyst; and contacting at least a portion of the secondary spent catalyst with an oxygen-containing gas to produce secondary regenerated catalyst claim 1 ,wherein the regenerated catalyst provided to the primary riser comprises at least a portion of the ...

Apparatus and Method for the Production of Solid Dosage Forms

An apparatus for the production of solid dosage forms is presented, wherein the apparatus comprises a material processing chamber which is operable for manufacturing a product according to a pre-set product formation process path. The apparatus has at least one sensor for continuously monitoring formation of the product in the material processing chamber during the product formation process non-invasively in real time by sensing at least one product functional attribute value and a means for comparing each sensed product functional attribute value with a desirable product functional attribute value for that point on the product formation process path. A controller controls operation of the material processing chamber in response to the sensed product functional attribute value for maintaining the product on the product formation process path. 115-. (canceled)16. A method for manufacturing a solid dosage form product comprising:operating a material processing chamber for manufacturing the product according to a pre-set product formation process path;continuously monitoring formation of the product in the material processing chamber during the product formation process non-invasively in real time by sensing at least one product functional attribute value by two on-line sensors mounted at a side wall of the material processing chamber which do not come into contact with any process material within the processing chamber;generating real-time on-screen images pertaining to particle size and shape of material being processed within the material processing chamber, and measuring moisture content of product within the material processing chamber;comparing each sensed product functional attribute value with a desirable product functional attribute value for that point on the product formation process path; andcontrolling operation of the material processing chamber in response to the sensed product functional attribute value for maintaining the product on the product ...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBONS FROM FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING SLURRY

Methods and systems for recovering a hydrocarbon from fluid catalytic cracking (“FCC”) slurry and for separating a FCC slurry stream from a FCC effluent are provided. An exemplary hydrocarbon recovery method comprises the steps of: contacting a feed with a catalyst in a FCC reactor under conditions suitable to crack one or more hydrocarbons and generate a FCC effluent; separating the FCC effluent with a fractionation column to generate a product stream and a FCC slurry that collects in a lower portion of the fractionation column; drawing a first FCC slurry stream at a first temperature from a first location in the fractionation column; drawing a second FCC slurry stream at a second temperature from a second location in the fractionation column, and separating a hydrocarbon from the second FCC slurry stream, wherein the second temperature is higher than the first temperature. 1. A method of recovering a hydrocarbon from fluid catalytic cracking slurry , the method comprising the steps of:contacting a feed with a catalyst in a fluid catalytic cracking (“FCC”) reactor under conditions suitable to crack one or more hydrocarbons in the feed and generate a FCC effluent;separating the FCC effluent with a fractionation column to generate a product stream and a FCC slurry, wherein the FCC slurry collects in a lower portion of the fractionation column;drawing a first FCC slurry stream at a first temperature from a first location in the fractionation column;drawing a second FCC slurry stream at a second temperature from a second location in the fractionation column, wherein the second location is different than the first location, and the second temperature is higher than the first temperature; andseparating a hydrocarbon stream from the second FCC slurry stream.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein drawing the first FCC slurry stream at the first temperature comprises drawing the first FCC slurry stream at a first temperature of about 355° C. to about 365° C.3. The method of ...

Fluidized bed reactor with pinching fittings for producing polysilicon granulate, and method and use for same

Control of the flow of granular polysilicon granules is effected by employing an elastomeric pinch sleeve valve. The flow control by this method is especially useful for controlling the flow of silicon seed particles and granular polysilicon product in the fluidized bed method for producing polysilicon. The flow may be stopped without gas leakage, and is suitable for use over long operating campaigns.

RECOVERY OF HYDROGEN FROM FRACTIONATION ZONE OFFGAS

Methods and apparatus for increasing the recovery of hydrogen from fractionation section offgas are described. The methods include reducing the pressure of a liquid effluent from a high-pressure reaction zone, and introducing the effluent into a flash drum forming a low pressure liquid effluent. The low pressure effluent is introduced into a low-pressure stripper column, and separated into an overhead vapor stream and at least one additional stream. The stripper column overhead vapor stream is compressed in a one cylinder of a compressor, which has at least one additional cylinder, to an intermediate pressure. The compressed overhead stream is introduced to an intermediate pressure knockout drum forming a gas stream and a liquid stream. The gas stream is introduced into a pressure swing adsorption zone to produce a hydrogen rich gas stream at an intermediate pressure. 1. A method of increasing the recovery of hydrogen from fractionation section off-gas comprising:reducing a pressure of a liquid effluent from a high-pressure reaction zone;introducing the reduced pressure effluent into a flash drum to form a low pressure liquid effluent and a flash gas stream;introducing the low pressure liquid effluent into a low-pressure stripper column;separating the low pressure liquid effluent into an overhead vapor stream and at least one additional stream in the stripper column;compressing the stripper column overhead vapor stream in a first cylinder of a compressor to an intermediate pressure, the compressor having at least one additional cylinder;introducing the compressed overhead vapor stream to an intermediate pressure knockout drum to form a gas stream and a liquid stream;introducing the gas stream from the intermediate pressure knockout drum into a pressure swing adsorption zone to produce a hydrogen rich gas stream at an intermediate pressure.2. The method of further comprising:compressing the hydrogen rich gas stream at the intermediate pressure to a high pressure in ...

INTEGRATED HYDROTREATING AND SLURRY HYDROCRACKING PROCESS

Slurry hydrocracking processes are described. The methods include hydrotreating a heavy residual hydrocarbon feed in a hydrotreating zone under residual hydrotreating conditions to form a hydrotreated effluent. The hydrotreated effluent is separated in an first separator to form an overhead vapor stream and a bottoms stream. The bottoms stream is hydrocracked in a slurry hydrocracking zone under slurry hydrocracking conditions. The effluent from the slurry hydrocracking zone is fractionated in a fractionation zone into at least two streams. Slurry hydrocracking apparatus is also described. 1. A slurry hydrocracking process comprising:hydrotreating a heavy residual hydrocarbon feed in a hydrotreating zone under hydrotreating conditions in the presence of a hydrotreating catalyst to form a hydrotreated effluent;separating the hydrotreated effluent in a first separator to form an overhead vapor stream and a bottoms liquid stream;hydrocracking the bottoms liquid stream from the first separator in a slurry hydrocracking zone in the presence of a slurry hydrocracking catalyst under slurry hydrocracking conditions;fractionating at least a portion of the effluent from the slurry hydrocracking zone in a fractionation zone into at least two streams.2. The method of wherein the slurry hydrocracking conditions comprise a temperature of about 415° C. (780° F.) to about 482° C. (900° F.) and a pressure in a range of about 10 MPa to about 25 MPa.3. The method of wherein the hydrotreating conditions comprise a temperature in a range of about 330° C. (626° F.) to about 440° C. (824° F.) claim 1 , a pressure of about 13 MPa to about 28 MPa claim 1 , a liquid hourly space velocity of about 0.1 hrto about 2 hr claim 1 , and a gas to oil ratio of 4 claim 1 ,000-10 claim 1 ,000 SCFB.4. The method of wherein an overall conversion of the heavy residual hydrocarbon feed is at least about 93%.5. The method of wherein the first separator comprises at least a hot separator and a cold separator ...

Conversion of asphaltenic pitch within an ebullated bed residuum hydrocracking process

A process for upgrading residuum hydrocarbons including: feeding pitch, hydrogen, and a partially spent catalyst recovered from a hydrocracking reactor to an ebullated bed pitch hydrocracking reactor; contacting the pitch, hydrogen, and the catalyst in the ebullated bed pitch hydrocracking reactor at reaction conditions of temperature and pressure sufficient to convert at least a portion of the pitch to distillate hydrocarbons; and separating the distillate hydrocarbons from the catalyst. In some embodiments, the process may include selecting the ebullated bed pitch hydrocracking reactor reaction conditions to be at or below the level where sediment formation would otherwise become excessive and prevent continuity of operations.

FLEXIBLE HYDROPROCESSING OF SLURRY HYDROCRACKING PRODUCTS

Processes for hydrotreating an effluent from a slurry hydrocracking process are described. Different streams are formed from the SHC effluent, and different hydroprocessing conditions are applied to the streams, e.g., more severe conditions are applied to streams which need additional hydroprocessing, while less severe conditions are applied to streams which do not need as much hydroprocessing. Common equipment is shared between different hydroprocessing steps. 1. A process for hydrotreating an effluent from a slurry hydrocracking process comprising:separating the slurry hydrocracking effluent in a hot separator into a first liquid stream and a first vapor stream;separating the first vapor stream in a second separator into a second liquid stream and a second vapor stream;fractionating the first and second liquid streams into at least two fractions in a first fractionation zone, wherein the at least two fractions comprise at least a first fraction and a second fraction, the second fraction having a T5 boiling point above a T5 boiling point of the first fraction;hydrotreating the second fraction in the presence of hydrogen and a hydrotreating catalyst in a first hydrotreating reactor to form a first hydrotreated effluent;hydrotreating the first hydrotreated effluent and the first fraction in the presence of hydrogen and a hydrotreating catalyst in a second hydrotreating reactor to form a second hydrotreated effluent; andseparating the second hydrotreated effluent into at least two fractions in a separation zone, wherein the at least two fractions comprise at least a naphtha product fraction and a diesel product fraction.2. The process of wherein the second separator is a cold separator and wherein the second vapor stream comprises a hydrogen rich stream and further comprising recycling at least a portion of the hydrogen rich stream to a slurry hydrocracking reaction zone claim 1 , or the first hydrotreating reactor claim 1 , or both.3. The process of wherein the ...

REACTOR COMPONENT PLACEMENT INSIDE LINER WALL

Reaction chamber liners for use in a fluidized bed reactor for production of polysilicon-coated granulate material are disclosed. The liners include an aperture and a cavity configured to receive a reactor component, such as a probe, a sensor, a nozzle, a feed line, a sampling line, a heating/cooling component, or the like. In some embodiments, the liner is a segmented liner comprised of vertically stacked or laterally joined segments, wherein at least one segment includes an aperture and a cavity configured to receive a reactor component. 1. A reaction chamber liner for use in a fluidized bed reactor for production of polysilicon-coated granulate material , the liner comprising:{'sub': W', 'W, 'a tubular wall having an upper surface, a lower surface, an outwardly facing surface, an inwardly facing surface configured to define a portion of a reaction chamber, a height Hbetween the upper surface and the lower surface, and a thickness Tbetween the outwardly facing surface and the inwardly facing surface,'}{'sub': 'C', 'the tubular wall defining an upper aperture in the upper surface and a cavity that extends from the upper aperture toward the lower surface and that has a depth D.'}2. The reaction chamber liner of claim 1 , wherein the depth Dof the cavity is less than the height Hof the tubular wall.3. The reaction chamber liner of claim 1 , wherein the depth Dof the cavity is equal to the height Hof the tubular wall claim 1 , and the tubular wall defines a lower aperture such that the cavity extends through the tubular wall from the upper aperture to the lower aperture.4. The reaction chamber liner of claim 1 , wherein the cavity has an inner dimension ID between the outwardly facing surface and the inwardly facing surface of the tubular wall that is smaller than the thickness Tof the tubular wall claim 1 , and the cavity is positioned between the outwardly facing surface and the inwardly facing surface of the tubular wall.5. The reaction chamber liner of claim 1 , ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING ASYMMETRIC OSCILLATIONS

Disclosed is an apparatus and method for providing asymmetric oscillations to a container. The container may include a fluid, a particle, and/or a gas. A vibration driver attached to the container provides asymmetric oscillations. A controller connected to the vibration driver controls an amplitude, frequency, and shape of the asymmetric oscillations. An amplifier amplifies the asymmetric oscillations in response to the controller. A sensor disposed on the vibration driver provides feedback to the controller. 1. A method of testing a test object for nonlinear response , cavitation dangers , or levitation effects , the method comprising:vibrating the test object according to a first waveform as part of a first test; andvibrating the test object according to a second waveform after vibrating the test object according to the first waveform as part of a second test.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second waveform comprises a sum of a first sinusoid and a second sinusoid claim 1 , and further comprising varying the phase of the second sinusoid.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the test object is disposed within a fluid claim 1 , and further comprising detecting cavitation in the fluid using a sensor.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the sensor is an acoustic transducer operable to detect acoustic waves caused by cavitation.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the test object is disposed within a fluid claim 1 , and further comprising decreasing a temperature of the fluid to allow gas bubbles to form or to promote cavitation.6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising raising the temperature of the fluid back to a starting temperature.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first waveform and the second waveform are the same.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the first waveform is selected from the group consisting of a sinusoid wave and a non-sinusoidal wave.9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the second waveform is selected form the group consisting of a sinusoid ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING ASYMMETRIC OSCILLATIONS

Disclosed is an apparatus and method for providing asymmetric oscillations to a container. The container may include a fluid, a particle, and/or a gas. A vibration driver attached to the container provides asymmetric oscillations. A controller connected to the vibration driver controls an amplitude, frequency, and shape of the asymmetric oscillations. An amplifier amplifies the asymmetric oscillations in response to the controller. A sensor disposed on the vibration driver provides feedback to the controller. 1. An apparatus for providing vibrations , the apparatus comprising:a battery; anda vibration mechanism that increases the flow of electrolytes and ions between the battery electrodes.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the vibration mechanism is operable to levitate a plurality of particles within the fluid.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the vibration mechanism generates vibrations having a non-sinusoidal waveform that is capable of increasing or decreasing the flow in a direction.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the battery comprises a plurality of individual cells disposed within an outer case.5. The apparatus of claim 4 , further comprising one or more feedback mechanisms coupled with one or more of the plurality of individual cells within the battery.6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the one or more feedback mechanism includes an accelerometer.7. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a feedback mechanism coupled with the battery.8. The apparatus of claim 7 , further comprising a second feedback mechanism coupled with the battery.9. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the feedback mechanism and the second feedback mechanism are selected from the group comprising an accelerometer claim 8 , an acoustic sensor claim 8 , an optic sensor claim 8 , an electromagnetic sensor claim 8 , a physical sensor claim 8 , and a chemical sensor.10. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a vent coupled with the battery and operable to adjust ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING ASYMMETRIC OSCILLATIONS

Disclosed is an apparatus and method for providing asymmetric oscillations to a container. The container may include a fluid, a particle, and/or a gas. A vibration driver attached to the container provides asymmetric oscillations. A controller connected to the vibration driver controls an amplitude, frequency, and shape of the asymmetric oscillations. An amplifier amplifies the asymmetric oscillations in response to the controller. A sensor disposed on the vibration driver provides feedback to the controller. 1. A method for estimating the level of safety of ultrasound equipment , the method comprising:measuring an amplitude of a second or higher order harmonics in a reflected wave from the ultrasound equipment.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining if the amplitude fits with a predetermined phase and amplitude relationship.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising adjusting the amplitude of the second or higher order harmonics if it does not fit with the predetermined phase and amplitude relationship.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:adjusting a frequency of the reflected wave, andcausing an increase or decrease in cavitation based on the frequency of the reflected wave.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the shape of the reflected wave can be varied to control the amount of cavitation. The present patent application is a divisional and claims the priority benefit of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/489,507 filed Apr. 17, 2017, which is a continuation and claims the priority benefit of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/177,844 filed Feb. 11, 2014, which claims the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application No. 61/763,029 filed Feb. 11, 2013, the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein.The present invention is generally related to levitating, suspending, moving, fluidizing, or mixing solid particles or fluid bubbles in a fluidic environment. More specifically, the present invention is related to ...

Primary distillation boron reduction

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for producing polycrystalline silicon having a reduced amount of boron compound impurities. Especially, the boron compounds are removed from the process for producing polycrystalline silicon, while the trichlorosilane is purified by distillation. The invention feeds condensed liquid trichlorosilane into a primary distillation tower below the liquid level inside the primary distillation tower thereby scrubbing the boron impurities upon contact inside the primary distillation tower. There result is trichlorosilane leaving the primary distillation tower with total amount of boron at least 10 times less.

Reactor bed vessel and support assembly

Vessel and support beam assembly includes a vessel having a cylindrical wall defining an interior chamber having a generally circular shape of diameter D in plan view, and a support assembly disposed within the interior chamber. The support assembly includes an inner hub defining an open central region, and a plurality of spokes extending radially from the inner hub. Each spoke is aligned radially with the cylindrical wall of the vessel and joined thereto. At least one open outer region is defined between circumferentially adjacent spokes.

REACTOR SYSTEM

A reactor tank is provided having an enzyme inlet, a heating jacket positioned around the exterior center of the tank, a gas outlet communicating with a vacuum apparatus and a condensing unit, a first gas inlet for receiving gas from a feed tank and a first liquid outlet for recirculating the liquid back to the feed tank. The tank further includes a sparged unit connected to the first gas inlet for receiving gas from the feed tank and a screen positioned between the sparged unit and the first liquid outlet. The reactor tank is utilized in a reactor system further including a condensing unit, vacuum pump or venturi valve, a first feed tank, a coalescer having at least one circulation pipe and a first circulation pump. 1. A reactor comprising:a tank having a catalyst inlet;a heating jacket positioned around the exterior center of the tank;a gas outlet for communicating with a contact condenser unit for the continuous removed of water from the tank during use;a first gas inlet for receiving gas from a feed tank;a first liquid outlet for recirculating the liquid from the first liquid outlet back to the feed tank;a sparged unit positioned within the tank and in communication with the first gas inlet to sparge the gas received through the first gas inlet; anda screen positioned within the tank between the sparged unit and the first liquid outlet.2. The reactor of further includes a second gas outlet on the second end of the vessel to vent air from the reactor.3. The reactor of further including an agitator mount.4. The reactor of further including a raw material inlet.5. The reactor of where the sparged unit further includes sparger arms mounted radial about a central pipe hub.6. A reactor system claim 1 , the reactor system including: a catalyst inlet;', 'a heating jacket positioned around the center of the vessel;', 'a first gas outlet at the first end of the vessel;', 'a first gas inlet at the second end of the vessel;', 'a first liquid outlet at the second end of the ...

Reactor for producing nitrogen-containing fertilizer granules

A reactor for producing nitrogen-containing fertilizer granules comprising a reactor vessel having inside walls coated with a layer of at least one organic silica compound.

REACTOR SYSTEM

A reactor tank is provided having an enzyme inlet, a heating jacket positioned around the exterior center of the tank, a gas outlet for communicating with a vacuum apparatus to create a vacuum within the reactor tank and for communicating with a condensing unit, a first gas inlet for receiving gas from a feed tank and a first liquid outlet for recirculating the liquid from the first liquid outlet back to the feed tank. The reactor tank further includes a sparged unit and a screen positioned within the tank between the sparged unit and the first liquid outlet, where the sparged unit is connected to the first gas inlet for receiving gas from the feed tank. The reactor tank is utilized in a reactor system further including a condensing unit, vacuum pump or venturi valve, a first feed tank connected to the first gas inlet, a coalescer having at least one circulation pipe and a first circulation pump connected to the first liquid outlet for circulating a portion of the liquid dispelled from the liquid outlet to the coalescer, which after being filtered through coalescer is recirculated through circulation pipe back to the first feed tank. 1. A reactor comprising:a tank having a catalyst inlet;a heating jacket positioned around the exterior center of the tank;a gas outlet for communicating with a contact condenser unit for the continuous removed of water from the tank during use;a first gas inlet for receiving gas from a feed tank;a first liquid outlet for recirculating the liquid from the first liquid outlet back to the feed tank;a sparged unit positioned within the tank and in communication with the first gas inlet to sparge the gas received through the first gas inlet; anda screen positioned within the tank between the sparged unit and the first liquid outlet.2. The reactor of further includes a second gas outlet on the second end of the vessel to vent air from the reactor.3. The reactor of further including an agitator mount.4. The reactor of further including a raw ...

Treating of catalyst support

A method for the preparation of a modified catalyst support comprising: (a) treating a catalyst support material with an aqueous solution or dispersion comprising one or more zirconium metal sources, chromium metal sources, manganese metal sources and aluminium metal sources, and one or more polar organic compounds; and (b) drying the treated support, and (c) optionally calcining the treated support. Also provided are catalyst support materials obtainable by the methods, and catalysts prepared from such supports.

PROCESS FOR CONVERTING A HYDROCARBON FEED AND APPARATUS RELATING THERETO

The embodiments disclosed herein can provide a process for converting a hydrocarbon feed. The process may include hydrocracking the hydrocarbon feed slurried with a particulate catalyst in a presence of hydrogen in a hydrocracking reaction zone to produce a hydrocracked stream, separating at least a portion of the hydrocracked stream, and passing the at least the portion of the hydrocracked stream through a thermal cracking heating zone at conditions effective for thermally cracking the at least the portion of the hydrocracked stream. 1. An apparatus for thermal cracking one or more hydrocarbons , comprising:A) a slurry hydrocracking zone for receiving a hydrocarbon feed and a particulate catalyst;B) a first fractionation zone for receiving a hydrocracked stream from the slurry hydrocracking zone;{'sub': 20', '50', '20', '40, 'C) a second fractionation zone for receiving a one or more C-Chydrocarbons stream from the first fractionation zone wherein the second fractionation zone produces a one or more C-Chydrocarbons stream; and'}{'sub': 20', '40, 'D) a thermal cracking heating zone for receiving the one or more C-Chydrocarbons stream.'}2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a flash zone for receiving the hydrocracked stream prior to sending to the first fractionation zone.3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the first fractionation zone comprises an atmospheric fractionation column and the second fractionation zone comprises a vacuum fractionation column. This application is a Division of copending application Ser. No. 13/244,083 filed Sep. 23, 2011, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.This invention generally relates to a process for converting a hydrocarbon feed, and an apparatus related thereto.Generally, slurry hydrocracking is a useful process and can obtain a very high conversion of various heavy hydrocarbons, such as a vacuum residue, to desired products that may be further processed to ...

CONVERSION OF ASPHALTENIC PITCH WITHIN AN EBULLATED BED RESIDUUM HYDROCRACKING PROCESS

A process for upgrading residuum hydrocarbons including: feeding pitch, hydrogen, and a partially spent catalyst recovered from a hydrocracking reactor to an ebullated bed pitch hydrocracking reactor; contacting the pitch, hydrogen, and the catalyst in the ebullated bed pitch hydrocracking reactor at reaction conditions of temperature and pressure sufficient to convert at least a portion of the pitch to distillate hydrocarbons; and separating the distillate hydrocarbons from the catalyst. In some embodiments, the process may include selecting the ebullated bed pitch hydrocracking reactor reaction conditions to be at or below the level where sediment formation would otherwise become excessive and prevent continuity of operations. 134.-. (canceled)35. A system for upgrading residuum hydrocarbons , the system comprising:a residuum hydrocarbon conversion reactor system for contacting a residuum hydrocarbon, hydrogen, and a hydrocracking catalyst to convert at least a portion of the residuum hydrocarbon to distillate range hydrocarbons;a separation system for fractionating the distillate range hydrocarbons into two or more hydrocarbon fractions including a vacuum tower bottoms fraction;a separation system for recovering at least some of the spent catalyst from the residuum hydrocarbon conversion reactor system;a grinder for grinding the recovered spent catalyst;a solvent deasphalting unit for solvent deasphalting the vacuum tower bottoms fraction to produce a deasphalted oil fraction and a pitch fraction;a pitch hydrocracking reactor system for contacting the pitch, hydrogen, and the ground spent catalyst at reaction conditions of temperature and pressure sufficient to convert at least a portion of the pitch to distillate hydrocarbons.36. The system of claim 35 , further comprising a separation system for separating the distillate hydrocarbons from the ground spent catalyst.37. The system of claim 35 , wherein the residuum hydrocarbon conversion reactor system comprises ...

Removing Unstable Sulfur Compounds From Crude Oil

A crude oil which contains at least 0.1 wt % unstable sulfur compounds is treated in a reaction zone at low temperature to convert at least 50 wt % of the unstable sulfur compounds contained therein. The reaction and removal of sulfur from the crude may be facilitated by contacting the crude oil with a catalytic material in the presence of a stripping fluid. 1{'sup': 3+', '2+', '3+', '2+, 'a. a catalytic material comprising a metallic species selected from the group consisting of Fe, Zn, Co, Ni.'}b. a stripping fluid, comprising a natural gas or a process gas, for contacting the crude oil at a temperature in the range of 100° F. to 450° F. and at a pressure in the range of 15 psia to 200 psia, and in the presence of the catalytic material; andc. a treatment zone comprising a fluid inlet for passing the stripping fluid into the treatment zone, a crude oil inlet for passing the crude oil into the treatment zone, and a bed of the catalytic material positioned within the treatment zone such that the crude oil and the stripping fluid are together contacted within the bed of catalytic material.. A system for reducing the sulfur content of a crude oil, including: This application is a divisional of and claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/332,130, titled “Removing Unstable Sulfur Compounds From Crude Oil,” and filed on Dec. 10, 2008. The entire contents of the foregoing application is hereby incorporated herein by reference.The present invention is directed to a method for purifying a crude oil in preparation for shipping, transporting or refining.Sulfur-containing crude oils continue to be a challenge for the shipper and refiner. Sulfur compounds in crude may present hazards to those engaged in handling, transporting or shipping the crude. They may introduce corrosion issues for transportation vessels, storage vessels, reaction vessels, separation vessels, piping and pumps used in the transportation and handling of sulfur containing crudes. They may ...

REACTOR SYSTEM

A reactor tank is provided having an enzyme inlet, a heating jacket positioned around the exterior center of the tank, a gas outlet for communicating with a vacuum apparatus to create a vacuum within the reactor tank and for communicating with a condensing unit, a first gas inlet for receiving gas from a feed tank and a first liquid outlet for recirculating the liquid from the first liquid outlet back to the feed tank. The reactor tank further includes a sparged unit and a screen positioned within the tank between the sparged unit and the first liquid outlet, where the sparged unit is connected to the first gas inlet for receiving gas from the feed tank. The reactor tank is utilized in a reactor system further including a condensing unit, vacuum pump or venturi valve, a first feed tank connected to the first gas inlet, a coalescer having at least one circulation pipe and a first circulation pump connected to the first liquid outlet for circulating a portion of the liquid dispelled from the liquid outlet to the coalescer, which after being filtered through coalescer is recirculated through circulation pipe back to the first feed tank. 1. A reactor comprising:a tank having a catalyst inlet;a heating jacket positioned around the exterior center of the tank;a gas outlet for communicating with a contact condenser unit for the continuous removed of water from the tank during use;a first gas inlet for receiving gas from a feed tank;a first liquid outlet for recirculating the liquid from the first liquid outlet back to the feed tank;a sparged unit positioned within the tank and in communication with the first gas inlet to sparge the gas received through the first gas inlet; anda screen positioned within the tank between the sparged unit and the first liquid outlet.2. The reactor of further includes a second gas outlet on the second end of the vessel to vent air from the reactor.3. The reactor of further including an agitator mount.4. The reactor of further including a raw ...

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING AND RECYCLING CRACKED HYDROCARBONS

A process and apparatus is for recycling LCO and/or HCO to an FCC unit to recover additional distillate. Spent catalyst recycle in the FCC unit may be used to improve distillate yield. A hydroprocessing zone may saturate cycle oil aromatics for cracking in an FCC unit. The recycle cracked stream may be recycled to a downstream hydroprocessing zone to avoid a first hydroprocessing zone for hydrotreating feed to the FCC unit. Additional recovery of cycle oil for recycle is obtained by heating slurry oil prior to vacuum separation. 1. An apparatus for catalytically cracking hydrocarbons comprising:an FCC reactor for contacting a hydrocarbon feed stream with catalyst to provide a cracked stream;a main fractionation column in downstream communication with said FCC reactor for fractionating said cracked stream into products including a slurry oil stream;a slurry heater in downstream communication with a main outlet in a bottom of said main fractionation column for heating said slurry oil stream;a vacuum separator in downstream communication with said slurry heater for separating said heated slurry oil stream into a cycle oil stream and a heavy stream under vacuum pressure.2. The apparatus of wherein said slurry heater is a heat exchanger.3. The apparatus of further comprising a loop heater in communication with said slurry heater for heating a heat exchange fluid for said slurry heater.4. The apparatus of wherein said loop heater is a fired heater or an electric heater.5. The apparatus of wherein said slurry heater is a shell and tube heat exchanger and said tube is in communication with said bottom outlet.6. The apparatus of further comprising:a receiver in communication with a separator overhead line of said vacuum separator;a vacuum generation device in communication with a receiver overhead line of said receiver; anda receiver bottoms line of said receiver for providing a recycle stream.7. The apparatus of wherein said FCC reactor is in downstream communication with ...

REACTOR AND PRODUCTION METHOD OF TRICHLOROSILANE

An object of the present invention is to prevent stress-corrosion cracking of a header () of a reactor. A reactor for producing trichlorosilane by causing metal silicon powder and a hydrogen chloride gas to react with each other includes a cooler (), the cooler including a plurality of heat transfer medium pipes () and a header (), the plurality of heat transfer medium pipes being provided in a fluid bed () inside the reactor, the header being provided in a freeboard section () inside the reactor, the header being comprised of a corrosion-resistant material. 1. A reactor for producing trichlorosilane by causing metal silicon powder and a hydrogen chloride gas to react with each other , comprising a cooler ,the cooler including a plurality of heat transfer medium pipes and a header connected to the plurality of heat transfer medium pipes,the plurality of heat transfer medium pipes being provided in a fluid bed inside the reactor,the header being provided in a freeboard section inside the reactor,the header being comprised of a corrosion-resistant material.2. The reactor as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the corrosion-resistant material contains at least chromium claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , and iron.3. A method for producing trichlorosilane claim 1 , comprising the step of producing trichlorosilane with use of a reactor recited in . The present invention relates to a reactor and a method for producing trichlorosilane.Trichlorosilane is produced by means such as, for example, a fluidized-bed reactor. In a fluid bed in the fluidized-bed reactor, metal silicon powder and a hydrogen chloride gas, which are raw materials for trichlorosilane, are caused to react with each other to produce trichlorosilane. The fluidized-bed reactor is provided with a member for reducing a temperature in the fluidized-bed reactor during a trichlorosilane production reaction. However, since the metal silicon powder is a very hard substance, a portion of the member which portion is in contact ...

PROCESS FOR POLYMERIZING OLEFINS IN A FLUIDIZED BED

The present invention is directed to a process for polymerizing olefins in gas phase in a fluidized bed reactor having a vertical body, a generally conical downwards tapering bottom zone, a generally cylindrical middle zone above the bottom zone, and a generally conical upwards tapering top zone above the middle zone. The fluidization gas is withdrawn from the top zone of the reactor, compressed and cooled so that a part of the fluidization gas condenses and then introduced to the bottom zone of the reactor. The bed is thus cooled upon evaporation of the liquid. There is no fluidization grid in the reactor. 1. An olefin polymerization process comprising polymerizing at least one olefin in gas phase in a fluidized bed in the presence of an olefin polymerization catalyst in a polymerization reactor having a vertical body , a generally conical downwards tapering bottom zone , a generally cylindrical middle zone above and connected to said bottom zone , and a generally conical upwards tapering top zone above and connected to said middle zone and wherein (i) fluidization gas is introduced to the bottom zone of the reactor from where it passes upwards through the reactor; (ii) the fluidization gas is withdrawn from the top zone of the reactor , compressed and cooled so that a part of the fluidization gas condenses thus forming a mixture of liquid and gas , and the mixture is returned into the bottom zone of the reactor; (iii) a fluidized bed is formed within the reactor where the growing polymer particles are suspended in the upwards rising gas stream; (iv) the bed is cooled upon evaporation of the liquid; and (v) there is no fluidization grid in the reactor; characterized in that the amount of the liquid in the mixture introduced into the bottom zone of the reactor is from 0.5 to 20% by weight.3. The process according to characterized in that Nis within the range of from 3 to 5.4. The process according to wherein the amount of the liquid in the mixture introduced into ...

AN APPARATUS USED IN A FLUIDIZED REACTION PROCESS

An apparatus used in a fluidized reaction process comprising a vessel; a riser housed within the vessel; and a plurality of angled guide supports, wherein each guide support comprises an tubular section having a first end and a second end; a first hinge wherein a first end of the first hinge is connected to the first end of the tubular section, a second hinge wherein a first end of the second hinge is connected to the second end of the tubular section, wherein a second end of the first hinge is connected to an inside surface of the vessel and a second end of the second hinge is connected to the riser guide is provided. 1. An apparatus used in a fluidized reaction process comprising:a vessel;a riser housed within the vessel; anda plurality of angled guide supports, wherein each guide support comprises an tubular section having a first end and a second end; a first hinge wherein a first end of the first hinge is connected to the first end of the tubular section, a second hinge wherein a first end of the second hinge is connected to the second end of the tubular section, wherein a second end of the first hinge is connected to an inside surface of the vessel and a second end of the second hinge is connected to the riser guide.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a gusset reinforcing the connection between the second end of the first hinge to the inside surface of the vessel.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a gusset reinforcing the connection between the second end of the second hinge and the riser guide4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the vessel is a catalyst regenerator vessel.5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the riser is an extended catalyst transport riser located in a catalyst reactivation vessel which comprises a riser terminator having an upper surface and a riser cap above the upper surface claim 4 , wherein the riser cap is slidably inserted into a riser guide claim 4 , wherein the second end of each second hinge is ...

Fixed bed or moving bed reactors with a radial flow of process stream to be treated, comprising improved internals

The present invention concerns reactors with a radial flow of process stream to be treated comprising improved internals which can be used to minimize the catalytic zones which do not receive any of the process stream which is to be treated. The invention also concerns the use of these radial flow reactors in refining or petrochemical processes.

Continuous flow catalytic reactor, assembling method therefor and application thereof

A continuous flow catalytic reactor, an assembling method therefor and an application thereof includes a reaction vessel, a filler packaged in the reaction vessel and a charged catalytic component; the charged catalytic component is fixed to the filler under an action of a direct-current electric field. The continuous flow catalytic reactor may be applied to continuous flow reactions such as a monosaccharide epimerization reaction. A monosaccharide epimerization reaction method includes: providing the continuous flow catalytic reactor; electrically connecting the continuous flow catalytic reactor with a direct-current power supply, thereby to forming the direct-current electric field by electrically connecting the continuous flow catalytic reactor with the direct-current power supply; and heating a reactor container to a target temperature, and inputting a monosaccharide solution from a liquid flow inlet of the reaction vessel and then collecting a solution containing a target product from a liquid flow outlet of the reaction vessel.

OLEFIN POLYMERIZATION PROCESS

processo de polimerização de olefina. a presente invenção é direcionada a um processo para polimerização de olefinas na fase gasosa, em um reator de leito fluidizado com corpo vertical, uma zona de fundo normalmente cônica afunilando para baixo, uma abrangente zona intermediária cilíndrica acima da zona de fundo, uma zona cilíndrica de topo geralmente cônica para cima, acima da zona intermediária. o gás de fluidização é retirado da zona de topo do reator, comprimido e resfriado de modo que uma parte do gás de fluidização condensa e então é introduzido à zona de fundo do reator. o leito é então resfriado por evaporação do líquido. não há grade de fluidização no reator. olefin polymerization process. the present invention is directed to a process for the polymerization of olefins in the gas phase, in a fluidized bed reactor with vertical body, a normally tapered bottom zone tapering downwards, a comprehensive cylindrical intermediate zone above the bottom zone, a cylindrical zone top generally tapered upwards, above the intermediate zone. the fluidization gas is removed from the top zone of the reactor, compressed and cooled so that a part of the fluidization gas condenses and is then introduced to the bottom zone of the reactor. the bed is then cooled by evaporation of the liquid. there is no fluidization grid in the reactor.

Process for polymerizing olefins in a fluidized bed

Apparatus and method for providing asymmetric oscillations

Disclosed is an apparatus and method for providing asymmetric oscillations to a container. The container may include a fluid, a particle, and/or a gas. A vibration driver attached to the container provides asymmetric oscillations. A controller connected to the vibration driver controls an amplitude, frequency, and shape of the asymmetric oscillations. An amplifier amplifies the asymmetric oscillations in response to the controller. A sensor disposed on the vibration driver provides feedback to the controller.

Reactor systems and methods for thermally decomposing ammonia

This disclosure relates to reactor systems and methods of decomposing ammonia. In some aspects, a catalyst reactor includes an elongated conduit extending along a longitudinal axis. The elongated conduit can include a wall defining an interior cavity, an inlet configured for receiving a first fluid, and an outlet to flow the first fluid out of the elongated conduit, the wall having an interior cross-section defined by a major axis, W, and a minor axis, H, the major axis and the minor axis defining an aspect ratio, α=W/H, wherein the aspect ratio is greater than 2.0; and a catalytic structure disposed within the interior cavity of the elongated conduit.

Treating of catalyst support

Process for polymerizing olefins in a fluidized bed

The present invention is directed to a process for polymerizing olefins in gas phase in a fluidized bed reactor having a vertical body, a generally conical downwards tapering bottom zone, a generally cylindrical middle zone above the bottom zone, and a generally conical upwards tapering top zone above the middle zone. The fluidization gas is withdrawn from the top zone of the reactor, compressed and cooled so that a part of the fluidization gas condenses and then introduced to the bottom zone of the reactor. The bed is thus cooled upon evaporation of the liquid. There is no fluidization grid in the reactor.

Process for polymerizing olefins in a fluidized bed

The present invention is directed to a process for polymerizing olefins in gas phase in a fluidized bed reactor having a vertical body, a generally conical downwards tapering bottom zone, a generally cylindrical middle zone above the bottom zone, and a generally conical upwards tapering top zone above the middle zone. The fluidization gas is withdrawn from the top zone of the reactor, compressed and cooled so that a part of the fluidization gas condenses and then introduced to the bottom zone of the reactor. The bed is thus cooled upon evaporation of the liquid. There is no fluidization grid in the reactor.

Process for polymerizing olefins in a fluidized bed

The present invention is directed to a process for polymerizing olefins in gas phase in a fluidized bed reactor having a vertical body, a generally conical downwards tapering bottom zone, a generally cylindrical middle zone above the bottom zone, and a generally conical upwards tapering top zone above the middle zone. The fluidization gas is withdrawn from the top zone of the reactor, compressed and cooled so that a part of the fluidization gas condenses and then introduced to the bottom zone of the reactor. The bed is thus cooled upon evaporation of the liquid. There is no fluidization grid in the reactor.

Treating of catalyst support

Reactor system

Process for the oxidative dehydrogenation of N-butenes to butadiene

A process for the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butenes to butadiene is disclosed herein, in which the formation of butadiene peroxides from butadiene in the work-up of the product gas mixture from the oxidative dehydrogenation is effectively prevented.

Process and apparatus for producing and recycling cracked hydrocarbons

A process and apparatus is for recycling LCO and/or HCO to an FCC unit to recover additional distillate. Spent catalyst recycle in the FCC unit may be used to improve distillate yield. A hydroprocessing zone may saturate cycle oil aromatics for cracking in an FCC unit. The recycle cracked stream may be recycled to a downstream hydroprocessing zone to avoid a first hydroprocessing zone for hydrotreating feed to the FCC unit. Additional recovery of cycle oil for recycle is obtained by heating slurry oil prior to vacuum separation.

Asphaltene pitch conversion during hydrocracking of residue with fluidized bed

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: method comprising the steps of heavy oil raw material hydrocracking in the hydrocracking reaction system including one or more steps of hydrocracking reactions with a hydrocracking reactor containing a fluidized bed; effluent and spent or partially spent catalyst are recovered from the hydrocracker reactor with a fluidized bed; the effluent is fractionated to produce two or more hydrocarbon fractions; solvent deasphalting of at least one of two or more hydrocarbon fractions is carried out to produce a deasphalted oil fraction and pitch; pitch, hydrogen, and partially spent catalyst are fed to the pitch hydrocracking reactor with a fluidized bed; pitch, hydrogen and catalyst are contacted in the pitch hydrocracking reactor with a fluidized bed under the reaction conditions - temperature and pressure, sufficient to convert at least a part of the pitch to distillate hydrocarbons; distillate hydrocarbons are separated from the catalyst. For some versions, the process can include selection of the reaction conditions in the pitch hydrocracking reactor with a fluidized bed to be at or below the level where residue formation would otherwise become excessive and prevent work continuity. EFFECT: higher total residue conversion with decreased rate of catalyst injection. 31 cl, 3 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 622 393 C2 (51) МПК C10G 47/00 (2006.01) C10G 1/08 (2006.01) C10G 47/26 (2006.01) C10G 49/22 (2006.01) C10G 65/10 (2006.01) C10G 65/12 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА C10G 67/02 (2006.01) ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ B01J 19/24 (2006.01) (12) ФОРМУЛА (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ 2015134160, 10.01.2014 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 10.01.2014 Дата регистрации: (72) Автор(ы): МУКЕРДЖИ Уджал К. (US), БАЛДАССАРИ Марио С. (US), ГРИН Марвин И. (US) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 2011/210045 A1, 01.09.2011. US 17. ...

Removing unstable sulfur compounds from crude oil

적어도 0.1 wt%의 불안정한 황 화합물을 함유한 원유가 저온에서 반응 구역 내에서 처리되어, 원유에 함유된 불안정한 황 화합물의 적어도 50 wt%가 전환된다. 원유로부터 황의 반응 및 제거는 스트리핑 유체의 존재 하에 원유를 촉매 물질과 접촉시킴으로써 촉진될 수 있다. Crude oil containing at least 0.1 wt% unstable sulfur compounds is treated in the reaction zone at low temperatures to convert at least 50 wt% of the unstable sulfur compounds contained in the crude oil. The reaction and removal of sulfur from the crude oil can be facilitated by contacting crude oil with the catalytic material in the presence of a stripping fluid.

Treating of catalyst support

A method for the preparation of a modified catalyst support comprising: (a) treating a catalyst support material with an aqueous solution or dispersion comprising one or more zirconium metal sources, chromium metal sources, manganese metal sources and aluminum metal sources, and one or more polar organic compounds; and (b) drying the treated support, and (c) optionally calcining the treated support. Also provided are catalyst support materials obtainable by the methods, and catalysts prepared from such supports.

流化床反应器和制备低碳烯烃的装置以及制备低碳烯烃的方法

本发明涉及烯烃制备领域，公开了流化床反应器和制备低碳烯烃的装置以及制备低碳烯烃的方法。该装置包括流化床反应器(15)、沉降器(6)和再生器(11)，流化床反应器(15)的反应区域沿着轴向设置有导流筒(32)，导流筒(32)将反应区域分为位于导流筒(32)内的快速反应区A和位于导流筒(32)外的环流混合区B，流化床反应器(15)的催化剂出口与沉降器(6)连通，沉降器(6)下部的循环出口(8)与环流混合区B连通，沉降器(6)下部的待生出口(7)与再生器(11)连通，并且再生器(11)的再生催化剂出口与环流混合区B连通。采用本发明的装置，可以达到提高低碳烯烃收率的目的，具有较大的技术优势，可用于低碳烯烃的工业生产中。

Free board reactor haviing enhaced durability

본 발명은 유동층 반응기 내부에서 유동하는 입자들에 의하여 유동층 반응기 내벽이 마모되는 감소시킬 수 있는 유동층 반응기에 관한 것이다. 본 발명은 상대적으로 작은 직경을 가지는 소경부; 상대적으로 큰 직경을 가지는 대경부; 상기 소경부와 대경부를 연결하는 확관부; 및 상기 확관부의 내벽에서 중심방향으로 돌출 형성되는 보호판을 포함하는 유동층 반응기를 제공한다. The present invention relates to a reducible fluidized bed reactor in which the inner wall of a fluidized bed reactor is worn by particles flowing inside a fluidized bed reactor. The present invention relates to a small diameter portion having a relatively small diameter; A large diameter portion having a relatively large diameter; An expanding portion connecting the small diameter portion and the large diameter portion; And a protective plate protruding in the center direction from the inner wall of the bulging portion.

Reactor and production method of trichlorosilane

In order to prevent stress corrosion cracking in the header (40) of a reactor, this reactor, which generates trichlorosilane by reacting a metal silicon powder with hydrogen chloride gas, is provided with a cooler (70), and the cooler includes multiple heat medium pipes (30) and the header (40). The multiple heat medium pipes are provided inside of the fluidized bed (60) inside of the reactor, and the header is provided in the freeboard (50) inside of the reactor and is configured from a corrosion resistant material.

一种氯乙酸生产方法及氯化反应器

本发明提供一种氯乙酸生产方法及氯化反应器。醋酸、液氯、醋酐按比例经初步混合后进入氯化反应器，维持一定的反应温度和反应压力，使氯化反应在100～1000g的重力场中完成，反应完后按连续法生产流程进行产品的分离提纯，最终获得产品。氯化反应器主要包括反应釜、冷却半管，超重力桶、驱动电机、混合器等。本发明的氯乙酸生产方法和氯化反应器，能改善反应体系中组分的宏观及微观分布，降低副反应的发生，提高液相内部传质速率、促进反应后气液两相的分离，从而加快氯化反应速率缩短反应停留时间，同时提升散热效果，处理能力远远高于传统方法，尤其适用于大型氯乙酸装置。

Fixing device for catalyst particles

Mit einer Fixiervorrichtung für Katalysatorpartikel, wobei die Katalysatorpartikel in einer Schüttung vorliegen, die von einer Gasströmung in Schwerkraftrichtung durchströmbar ist, soll ein geringer spezifischer Druckverlust erreicht werden, der auch bei möglichen betriebsbedingten Verschmutzungen niedrig bleibt, möglichst wenig Einfluss auf die Verweilzeit des durchströmenden Gases hat, eine sichere Niederhaltung der Katalysatorpartikel auch bei hohen Anströmgeschwindigkeiten ermöglicht und eine gewisse Flexibilität aufweist, um sich Veränderungen der Schüttung anpassen zu können. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass auf der Schüttung (3) der Katalysatorpartikel wenigstens eine aufgelegte Lage eines Metallgeflechtes (10) vorgesehen ist und das Metallgeflecht (10) aus einzelnen miteinander fest verflochtenen Metallgeflechtelementen (11) besteht. With a fixing device for catalyst particles, wherein the catalyst particles are present in a bed which can be traversed by a gas flow in the direction of gravity, a low specific pressure loss is to be achieved, which remains low even with possible operational contamination, has little influence on the residence time of the gas flowing through , allows a secure hold down of the catalyst particles even at high flow velocities and has a certain flexibility in order to be able to adapt to changes in the bed. This is achieved by providing at least one applied layer of a metal braid (10) on the bed (3) of the catalyst particles and the metal braid (10) consists of individual metal mesh elements (11) firmly intertwined with each other.

Fixing device for catalyst particles

본 발명은 촉매 입자들을 위한 고정 장치에 관한 것으로, 상기 촉매 입자들은 벌크 안에 존재하며, 상기 벌크를 통과하여 가스 유동이 중력 방향으로 흐를 수 있고, 본 발명의 목적은 상기 고정 장치를 이용해, 작동에 의해 만일 오염되는 경우에도 낮게 유지되는 특히 적은 비 (比) 압력손실을 실현하고, 관류하는 가스의 체재 시간에 가능한 한 적은 영향을 미치며, 높은 유동속도에서도 촉매 입자들의 안전한 유지를 가능하게 하고, 벌크의 변화에 적응할 수 있기 위해 일종의 유연성을 갖도록 하는 것이다. 상기 목적은 촉매 입자들의 벌크 (3) 상에 메탈 메쉬 (10) 의 적어도 하나의 층이 배치되고 상기 메탈 메쉬 (10) 는 서로 단단히 엮어진 개별 메탈 메쉬 요소 (11) 들로 만들어짐으로써 달성된다. The present invention relates to a fastening device for catalyst particles, wherein the catalyst particles are in a bulk, through which the gas flow can flow in the direction of gravity, and the object of the present invention is to provide a fastening device for catalyst particles, In particular, a low specific pressure loss which is kept low even in the event of contamination, minimizes the effect of as much as possible on the residence time of the perfumed gas, enables safe maintenance of the catalyst particles even at high flow rates, To be flexible in order to be able to adapt to changes in the environment. This object is achieved by placing at least one layer of the metal mesh 10 on the bulk 3 of catalyst particles and the metal mesh 10 being made of discrete metal mesh elements 11 which are tightly interwoven with one another .

Fluidized bed reactor with pinching fittings for the production of polysilicon granules, and methods and uses thereof

본 발명은 미립자 폴리실리콘의 흐름을 조절하거나 차단하기 위한, 핀칭 칼라(pinching collar)를 포함하는 하나 이상의 핀칭 피팅(pinching fitting)의 용도, 폴리실리콘 과립물 생성용 유동층 반응기 시스템, 및 이러한 핀칭 피팅을 사용한 폴리실리콘 과립물의 생성 방법에 관한 것이며, 여기서, 하나 이상의 이러한 핀칭 피팅들(1, 3, 5, 10, 14)이 상기 시스템에 사용된다. 특히, 에틸렌 프로필렌 디엔 고무 및/또는 플루오르화된 탄성중합체로 제조된 핀칭 칼라를 갖는 핀칭 피팅이 미립자 폴리실리콘의 흐름을 조절하며 및/또는 차단하는 데 사용하기에 적합하며, 특히 실리콘 과립물 생성용 유동층 반응기 시스템(7)에 사용하기에 적합하다. 핀칭 피팅은 폴리실리콘 흐름을 영구적으로 기체-밀착(tight) 방식으로, 낮은 오염도로 조절하거나 차단한다. 핀칭 칼라는 장기간의 사용 기간을 가지며, 화학적으로 및 열적으로 저항성이고, 폴리실리콘의 경도 및 마모성(abrasiveness)에 적합하다.

Method for the olefin polymerization in fluid bed

本发明涉及用于在流化床反应器的气相中聚合烯烃的方法，所述流化床反应器具有垂直的主体，通常锥形向下逐渐变细的底部区，在底部区上通常为圆柱形的中间区，并且在中间区上通常为锥形向上逐渐变细的顶部区。从所述反应器的顶部区取出流化气、压缩并冷却，以使部分流化气冷凝，并且然后引入至所述反应器的底部区。因此，床通过液体的蒸发冷却。在反应器中没有流化栅。

Fluidized bed reacting apparatus

PURPOSE: A fluidized bed reactor is provided to minimize the heat loss generated in a reaction of the fluidized bed by circulating a solid particle in a multilayered fluidized bed reaction chamber, to simplify whole process, and to reduce the volume of the fluidized bed reactor. CONSTITUTION: A fluidized bed reactor comprises: a fluidized bed reaction room(20) which is formed into multilayer and produces solid particles through oxidation or the reduction reaction; a spreader plate(24) which is installed in the inner side of the fluidized bed reaction room and supplies reactive gas for reacting with the solid particles; a cyclone(26) separating the reacted gas; and an ascending pipe(30) transferring the solid particles to the upper fluidized bed reaction room. One or more orifice hole(32) is formed on the bottom of the ascending pipe. The fluidized bed reaction room is divided into a first fluidized bed reaction room(20a), a second fluidized bed reaction room(20b), and a third fluidized bed reaction room(20c).

Conversion of asphaltenic pitch within an ebullated bed residuum hydrocracking process

A process for upgrading residuum hydrocarbons including: feeding pitch, hydrogen, and a partially spent catalyst recovered from a hydrocracking reactor to an ebullated bed pitch hydrocracking reactor; contacting the pitch, hydrogen, and the catalyst in the ebullated bed pitch hydrocracking reactor at reaction conditions of temperature and pressure sufficient to convert at least a portion of the pitch to distillate hydrocarbons; and separating the distillate hydrocarbons from the catalyst. In some embodiments, the process may include selecting the ebullated bed pitch hydrocracking reactor reaction conditions to be at or below the level where sediment formation would otherwise become excessive and prevent continuity of operations.

HEAT EXCHANGE REACTOR WITH BAYONET PIPES AND SMOKE PIPES SUSPENDED TO THE TOP OF THE REACTOR

1. Теплообменный реактор, выполненный в виде кожуха (1) цилиндрической формы, который закрыт верхним сводом (2) и нижним дном (3), при этом система кожух, нижнее дно и верхний свод покрыта огнеупорным изолирующим покрытием, при этом упомянутый кожух (1) содержит множество параллельных байонетных труб (4), по существу, с вертикальной осью, проходящих от нижней части кожуха (1) до верхнего свода (2), внутри которых циркулирует реакционная текучая среда, при этом каждая байонетная труба (4) окружена по всей своей длине дымовой трубой (10), при этом вход и выход каждой байонетной трубы находится снаружи реактора за пределами верхнего свода (2), и горячие газы, производимые снаружи реактора, заходят внутрь кожуха (1) через отверстие (F), расположенное в нижнем дне (3), затем проходят в дымовые трубы (10) через впускные отверстия (23), выполненные в стенке упомянутых дымовых труб, и выходят из упомянутых дымовых труб (10) через выпускные отверстия (21), выполненные в верхней части каждой дымовой трубы, при этом упомянутые горячие газы выходят из теплообменного реактора через боковое отверстие (G), при этом каждая байонетная труба (4) и окружающая ее дымовая труба (10) подвешены к верхнему своду (2) упомянутого теплообменного реактора.2. Теплообменный реактор по п.1, в котором каждая байонетная труба (4) и окружающая ее дымовая труба (10) закреплены на уровне верхнего свода (2) при помощи системы фланцев (30, 31, 32).3. Теплообменный реактор по п.1, в котором промежуток между каждой байонетной трубой (4) или расстояние от центра к центру составляет от 2- до 5-кратного внутреннего диаметра наружной трубы (6).4. Теплообменный реактор по п.1, в котором каждая дымовая труба ( РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2011 123 957 (13) A (51) МПК B01J 19/24 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2011123957/05, 10.06.2011 (71) Заявитель(и): ИФП ЭНЕРЖИ НУВЕЛЛЬ (FR) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 11.06.2010 ...

Flexible hydrocracking of slurry hydrocracking products

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to hydrotreatment of a product using a slurry hydrocracking (SHC) method. Described is a hydrotreating method of a product of a hydrocracking process with a suspended layer, comprising separating a hydrocracking product with a suspended layer in a hot separator into a first fluid stream and a first vapor stream, fractionating said first fluid stream into at least two fractions in a first fractionation zone, wherein said at least two fractions include at least a first fraction and a second fraction, wherein said second fraction has a boiling point T5 which is higher than the boiling temperature T5 of said first fraction, hydrotreating said first fraction and at least a portion of said first steam stream in the presence of hydrogen and a hydrotreating catalyst in a first hydrotreating reactor to form a first hydrotreated product, separating said first hydrotreated product into at least two fractions in a separation zone, wherein at least two fractions contain at least a product naphtha fraction, a diesel product fraction, and hydrofining and hydrocracking said second fraction in the presence of hydrogen, a hydrotreating catalyst and a hydrocracking catalyst in a hydrotreating and hydrocracking reactor to form a second hydrotreated product, wherein said first hydrotreated product separation into at least two fractions comprises separation of said first hydrotreated product into at least said product naphtha fraction, said diesel product fraction and product gas fraction from vacuum gas oil. EFFECT: technical result is significant saving of costs and providing comparable improved properties of product due to use of combined system for hydrotreatment. 10 cl, 7 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 718 540 C1 (51) МПК C10G 65/12 (2006.01) C10G 45/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C10G 65/12 (2019.08); C10G 45/00 (2019.08) (21)(22) ...

Reactor - heat exchanger with bayonet pipes; reactor - heat exchanger design allowing its operation with pressure drops of about 100 bar between pipe and calandria

FIELD: power industry. SUBSTANCE: reactor - heat exchanger, which is designed for endothermic reactions and which includes calandria, inside which fluid heat carrier (11) circulates, is proposed. Multiple parallel pipes (4) are located inside calandria. The medium participating in technological process (5, 6) circulates inside the pipes. Pipes refer to bayonet-type pipes. Reactor does not have any tubular plate. EFFECT: possible reactor operation with pressure drop in the space inside the pipes and in calandria space, which reaches 100 bar. 9 cl, 4 dwg, 1 tbl, 1 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 469 785 (13) C2 (51) МПК B01J 8/06 (2006.01) B01J 19/24 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2010106107/02, 24.06.2008 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 24.06.2008 (73) Патентообладатель(и): ИФП (FR) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 27.08.2011 Бюл. № 24 2 4 6 9 7 8 5 (45) Опубликовано: 20.12.2012 Бюл. № 35 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 5935531 A1, 10.08.1999. US 3220385 A, 30.11.1965. US 3119671 A, 28.01.1964. RU 2117626 C1, 20.08.1998. RU 2301196 C2, 20.06.2007. 2 4 6 9 7 8 5 R U (86) Заявка PCT: FR 2008/000888 (24.06.2008) C 2 C 2 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 24.02.2010 (87) Публикация заявки РСТ: WO 2009/024664 (26.02.2009) Адрес для переписки: 129090, Москва, ул.Б.Спасская, 25, стр.3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры", пат.пов. Е.И.Емельянову, рег.№ 174 (54) РЕАКТОР-ТЕПЛООБМЕННИК С БАЙОНЕТНЫМИ ТРУБАМИ, КОНСТРУКЦИЯ КОТОРОГО ПОЗВОЛЯЕТ ЕМУ РАБОТАТЬ С ПЕРЕПАДАМИ ДАВЛЕНИЯ ПОРЯДКА 100 БАР МЕЖДУ ТРУБОЙ И КАЛАНДРОМ (57) Реферат: В изобретении представлен предназначенный для выполнения эндотермических реакций реактортеплообменник, в состав которого входит каландр, внутри которого циркулирует текучий теплоноситель (11). Внутри каландра расположено множество параллельных труб (4). Внутри труб циркулирует среда, ...

Slurry bed loop reactor, application and method for producing hydrogen peroxide

一种浆态床环流反应器及应用以及生产过氧化氢的方法，所述的浆态床环流反应器由依次连通的上升管、分离罐和下降管组成，所述的上升管上部为管径扩大的扩大段，扩大段上部与分离罐连通，分离罐上部液相出口连通下降管上部，下降管底部与上升管底部连通，分离罐底部与下降管下部连通；所述的上升管底部设有原料入口，上升管扩大段顶部和分离罐顶部设有气体出口，所述的下降管内设置过滤组件，所述的下降管上部经过滤组件设置清液出口。采用该浆态床环流反应器的蒽醌法生产过氧化氢的氢化方法气液固三相分离效率高，避免了催化剂局部持液量过大，降低了过度加氢的可能性，从而有效的提高了氢效，可以得到较高浓度的过氧化氢产品。

Fluidized bed reactor, installation and method of production of light olefins

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a fluidized bed reactor for producing light olefins from oxygenated compounds and/or C4 hydrocarbons containing a reaction zone, equipped with a discharge pipe, which is located axially and divides the reaction zone into a fast reaction zone A inside the discharge pipe and a mixing zone B of the recycle stream outside the discharge pipe. Besides, two inlet ports for the catalyst are located in the reaction zone on the side wall of the reactor, wherein said reactor further comprises a catalyst outlet port and a gas distribution device, which has separate gas distribution openings corresponding to the fast reaction zone A and the mixing zone B of the recycle stream, respectively. Invention also relates to an apparatus and process for producing light olefins. EFFECT: apparatus of the present invention can solve the problem of improving the ratio of the yield of light olefins, has great technical advantages and is applicable for industrial production of light olefins. 15 cl, 2 dwg, 4 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 649 385 C1 (51) МПК C07C 1/20 (2006.01) C07C 1/24 (2006.01) C07C 11/02 (2006.01) B01J 8/24 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C07C 1/20 (2017.08); C07C 1/24 (2017.08); B01J 8/24 (2017.08) (21)(22) Заявка: 2016140476, 14.10.2016 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 03.04.2018 Адрес для переписки: 191036, г. Санкт-Петербург а/я 24 "НЕВИНПАТ" (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: EA 200500599 A1, 24.02.2006. EA 15.10.2015 CN 201510666036.8 C 1 2 6 4 9 3 8 5 R U (54) Реактор с псевдоожиженным слоем, установка и способ получения легких олефинов (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к реактору с для катализатора и устройство для распределения псевдоожиженным слоем для получения легких газа, которое имеет отдельные отверстия для олефинов из кислородсодержащих соединений и/ распределения ...

Device for methanol carbonylation including absorber with possibility to select from several solvents

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: device for methanol carbonylation contains reactor for carbonylation of methanol or its reaction-able derivatives, including catalyst, selected from rhodium, iridium catalysts and their mixtures, and activator of methyl iodide in reaction mixture with acetic acid, supplying unit for supply of carbon monoxide and methanol or its reaction-able derivatives into reactor, evaporation unit for reception of reaction mixture flow and its separation into first liquid reused flow and unpurified technological flow, which contains acidic acid, first distillation column, connected with evaporation unit and adjusted for separation of low-boiling components, including methyl iodide, from unpurified technological flow and formation of purified technological flow, with first distillation column, reactor and evaporation unit functioning with formation of exhaust gas flow, containing volatile organic components, including methyl iodide, absorption column for reception of exhaust gas flow and removal of methyl iodide from it with washing solvent and connected with the sources of first and second washing solvents providing supply of different first and second solvents for purification by washing, and system of communication for alternating supply of first and second washing solvents into absorption column from the source of first washing solvent or the source of second washing solvent. Also described is method of obtaining acetic acid by carbonylation by means of claimed device. EFFECT: reduction of capital and exploitation expenditures. 25 cl, 2 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 469 783 (13) C2 (51) МПК B01J 8/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 29.04.2008 US 61/125,791 (73) Патентообладатель(и): СЕЛАНИЗ ИНТЕРНЭШНЛ КОРПОРЕЙШН (US) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.06.2012 Бюл. № 16 2 4 6 9 7 8 3 (45) Опубликовано: 20.12.2012 Бюл. № 35 2 4 6 9 7 ...

Fixed or moving bed reactors containing internal devices and radial flow processed process flow

FIELD: machine building. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to reactors with a movable or fixed bed with a radial flow of the processed process stream in the processes of catalytic reforming of gasolines, skeletal isomerisation of gasolines, exchange disproportionation of olefins, oligocracking, dehydrogenation of paraffins or aromatic compounds, production of ammonia. Reactor with radial flow of processed process stream comprises shell 5, means for input of processed process stream 4 and output of exit streams 11, zone of distribution of said process stream 9, if necessary, catalyst feed branch pipes 6, outer 3 and inner 2 grids, allowing the processed process stream to move from outer grid 3 to inner grid 2, located substantially in the center of the reactor, or vice versa from inner grid 2 to outer grid 3, wherein reactor also comprises at least one additional outer grid 13, 18, having a shape adapted to the shape of the bottom part of the reactor or the top part of the reactor, wherein additional grid 13, 18 is located as a continuation of outer grid 3. EFFECT: such an arrangement enables to reduce the volume of the BI zone in the area of the reactor bottom, which is an ineffective ("dead zone"), that is, to minimize catalytic zones into which the processed process stream does not enter, which provides a gain in overall efficiency of the reactor. 15 cl, 6 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 767 954 C2 (51) МПК B01J 8/02 (2006.01) B01J 8/06 (2006.01) B01J 8/08 (2006.01) B01J 8/12 (2006.01) C01C 1/04 (2006.01) C10G 35/04 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА C10G 35/12 (2006.01) ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ C10G 45/58 (2006.01) C10G 45/66 (2006.01) (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК (21)(22) Заявка: 2018122074, 18.06.2018 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: (72) Автор(ы): ЛАМБЕР, Фабиан (FR) (73) Патентообладатель(и): АКСЕНС (FR) Дата регистрации: 22.03.2022 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 7749467 B2, 06.07. ...

Fischer-Tropsch process

The disclosed invention relates to a process for conducting a Fischer-Tropsch reaction, comprising flowing a reactant mixture comprising fresh synthesis gas and tail gas in a microchannel reactor in contact with a catalyst to form at least one hydrocarbon product, the catalyst being derived from a catalyst precursor comprising cobalt and a surface modified catalyst support.

Fischer-Tropsch process

The disclosed invention relates to a process for conducting a Fischer-Tropsch reaction, comprising flowing a reactant mixture comprising fresh synthesis gas and tail gas in a microchannel reactor in contact with a catalyst to form at least one hydrocarbon product, the catalyst being derived from a catalyst precursor comprising cobalt and a surface modified catalyst support.

Reactor-exchanger with bayonet tubes and fire tubes suspended from the upper vault of the reactor

本发明涉及带有插管和从反应器上圆顶悬挂的罩筒的交换器反应器。具体地，本发明描述了一种用于进行吸热反应的垂直圆柱交换器反应器，其包括封入了多个管的壳，反应流体在所述多个管内移动，所述管是插管类型的，在该情况中是热气的传热流体在环绕所述插管的罩筒内被输送。所述插管和所述罩筒从所述反应器的上圆顶悬挂。该反应器可以操作于管侧与壳之间的高达100帕的压差。热气在高达1300℃的温度下进入所述反应器。

Batch production includes the device and method of the thin two-dimensional material of atom level of graphene

通过块体层状材料如石墨的分层生产石墨烯和类似原子级层状材料的设备；所述设备包括主泵，所述主泵以大于1MPa的压力将包含所述块体层状材料的颗粒的固体悬浮液的流体朝向包括流体导管(12)的芯部件(10)泵送，其中所述流体导管引导流体抵靠冲击头(16)；冲击头和导管被布置成使得在导管的端部和冲击头之间形成500μm和1μm之间的环形间隙(202)，并且冲击头围绕物(26)延伸了流体在退出芯部件之前受到约束的区域。本发明描述了通过块体层状材料如石墨的分层来生产石墨烯和类似原子级层状材料的设备。该设备包括泵，其将流体引导抵靠冲击头并穿过500μm与1μm之间的环形间隙。这会导致差异剪切力，导致块体材料分裂成薄片。

Production method of Methane with two-step fluidized bed reactor for improving conversion

본원 발명은 전환율을 높일 수 있는 메탄 2단계 유동층 반응기 및 이를 이용한 메탄의 생산 방법에 관한 것으로서, 메탄의 생성반응을 고속유동층 및 고정층 2단계 영역에서 진행하여 생성되는 메탄의 순도를 높임과 동시에 중간에 물과 반응열을 제거함으로써, 반응이 평형상태에 이르지 않고 계속적으로 정반응이 진행될 수 있다는 장점이 있다. 이로 인해 종래의 기술에 비해 메탄의 전환율이 높다. The present invention relates to a methane two-stage fluidized bed reactor that can increase the conversion rate and a method of producing methane using the same. By removing water and heat of reaction, there is an advantage that the reaction can proceed continuously without reaching the equilibrium state. This results in a higher conversion of methane than in the prior art.

CONTAINING IMPROVED INTERNAL DEVICES REACTORS WITH A FIXED OR MOVING LAYER AND RADIAL FLOW OF THE PROCESSED TECHNOLOGICAL FLOW

РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2018 122 074 A (51) МПК B01J 8/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2018122074, 18.06.2018 (71) Заявитель(и): АКСЕНС (FR) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (72) Автор(ы): ЛАМБЕР, Фабиан (FR) 21.06.2017 FR 17 55653 Адрес для переписки: 129090, Москва, ул. Большая Спасская, д. 25, строение 3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры" Стр.: 1 A 2 0 1 8 1 2 2 0 7 4 R U A (57) Формула изобретения 1. Реактор с радиальным течением обрабатываемого технологического потока, содержащий обечайку (5), средства ввода обрабатываемого технологического потока (4) и вывода уходящих потоков (11), зону распределения указанного технологического потока (9), в случае необходимости патрубки ввода (6) катализатора, внешнюю (3) и внутреннюю (2) решетки, позволяющие обрабатываемому технологическому потоку двигаться от внешней решетки (3) ко внутренней решетке (2), расположенной по существу в центре реактора, или наоборот от внутренней решетки (2) ко внешней решетке (3), причем реактор содержит также по меньшей мере одну дополнительную внешнюю решетку (13, 18), имеющую форму, адаптированную к форме донной части реактора или верхней части реактора, причем дополнительная решетка (13, 18) располагается как продолжение внешней решетки (3). 2. Реактор по п. 1, в котором внешняя решетка (3) в своей нижней части лежит на опоре, предпочтительно на опорном кольце (8а). 3. Реактор по п. 2, в котором опору перфорируют для того, чтобы позволять проходить обрабатываемому технологическому потоку. 4. Реактор по любому из пп. 1-3, в котором поверхность внутренней решетки (2) в ее нижней части включает один или несколько элементов (7) в виде сплошных пластин и перфорированную пластину, имеющую зону со специфической перфорацией (14), отличающейся от перфорации остальной части внутренней решетки (2). 5. Реактор по любому из пп. 1-4, в котором поверхность внутренней решетки (2) в ее ...

The flexible hydrotreating of slurry hydrocracking product

本发明描述了一种用于氢化处理来自淤浆加氢裂化过程的流出物的方法。由所述SHC流出物形成不同的流，并且对所述流施加不同的加氢处理条件，例如，对需要额外加氢处理的流施加更苛刻的条件，而对不需要那么多加氢处理的流施加不太苛刻的条件。不同的加氢处理步骤之间共享共同的设备。

Segmented silicon carbide liner

폴리규소-코팅된 과립 재료 제조용 유동층 반응기에 사용하기 위한 세그먼트화된 탄화규소 라이너뿐만 아니라, 상기 세그먼트화된 탄화규소 라이너의 제조 및 사용 방법이 개시된다. 탄화규소 세그먼트를 연결하기 위한 비-오염성 결합 재료가 또한 개시된다. 탄화규소 세그먼트 중 1개 이상은 반응-결합된 탄화규소로 구성될 수 있다. Segmented silicon carbide liners for use in fluidized bed reactors for making polysilicon-coated granular materials, as well as methods of making and using the segmented silicon carbide liners are disclosed. A non-staining bonding material for connecting silicon carbide segments is also disclosed. At least one of the silicon carbide segments may be composed of reaction-bonded silicon carbide.

A structured packing member formed from a flat plate provided with grooves and recesses

РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2018 132 193 A (51) МПК B01J 19/32 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2018132193, 10.09.2018 (71) Заявитель(и): АКСЕНС (FR) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (72) Автор(ы): ЛАМБЕР Николя (FR) 12.09.2017 FR 17 58446 Адрес для переписки: 129090, Москва, ул. Большая Спасская, д. 25, строение 3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры" Стр.: 1 A 2 0 1 8 1 3 2 1 9 3 R U A (57) Формула изобретения 1. Элемент структурированной насадки, имеющий форму по существу прямоугольной плоской пластины, отличающийся тем, что указанный элемент (21) насадки содержит по меньшей мере две канавки (23) для взаимного зацепления двух насадочных элементов, находящихся под углом друг к другу, и по меньшей мере два углубления (22) для образования каналов внутри структурированной насадки, причем канавки (23) и углубления (22) распределены на обеих длинных сторонах плоской пластины симметрично относительно продольной оси плоской пластины. 2. Насадочный элемент по п. 1, в котором канавки (23) являются по существу прямоугольными. 3. Насадочный элемент по одному из предыдущих пунктов, в котором канавки (23) имеют высоту h, по существу, равную толщине e плоской пластины. 4. Насадочный элемент по одному из предыдущих пунктов, в котором углубления (22) являются по существу треугольными. 5. Насадочный элемент по одному из предыдущих пунктов, в котором углубления (22) размещены между двумя канавками (23). 6. Насадочный элемент по одному из предыдущих пунктов, в котором длина L плоской пластины составляет от 25 до 100 см, предпочтительно от 45 до 55 см. 7. Насадочный элемент по одному из предыдущих пунктов, в котором ширина l плоской пластины составляет от 3 до 15 см, предпочтительно от 5 до 10 см. 8. Насадочный элемент по одному из предыдущих пунктов, в котором толщина e плоской пластины составляет от 2 до 10 мм, предпочтительно от 4 до 8 мм. 9. Насадочный элемент по одному из ...

DEVICE USED IN PSEUDO-LIQUID REACTIVE PROCESS

РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2017 122 838 A (51) МПК B01J 8/24 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2017122838, 14.12.2015 (71) Заявитель(и): ДАУ ГЛОУБЛ ТЕКНОЛОДЖИЗ ЛЛК (US) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 17.12.2014 US 62/092,947 01 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 29.06.2017 US 2015/065471 (14.12.2015) (87) Публикация заявки PCT: WO 2016/100169 (23.06.2016) A Адрес для переписки: 105082, Москва, Спартаковский пер., д. 2, стр. 1, секция 1, этаж 3, ЕВРОМАРКПАТ R U (57) Формула изобретения 1. Устройство, используемое в псевдоожиженном реакционном процессе, содержащее: резервуар; райзер, расположенный в резервуаре; и множество наклонных направляющих опор, каждая из которых содержит трубчатую секцию, имеющую первый конец и второй конец; первый шарнир, первый конец которого соединен с первым концом трубчатой секции, второй шарнир, первый конец которого соединен со вторым концом трубчатой секции, при этом второй конец первого шарнира соединен с внутренней поверхностью резервуара, а второй конец второго шарнира соединен с направляющим устройством райзера. 2. Устройство по п. 1, дополнительно содержащее усилительную накладку, укрепляющую соединение между вторым концом первого шарнира и внутренней поверхностью резервуара. 3. Устройство по п. 1, дополнительно содержащее усилительную накладку, укрепляющую соединение между вторым концом второго шарнира и направляющим устройством райзера. 4. Устройство по п. 1, в котором резервуар представляет собой резервуар для регенерации катализатора. 5. Устройство по п. 4, в котором райзер представляет собой вытянутый райзер для перемещения катализатора, расположенный в резервуаре для регенерации катализатора, Стр.: 1 A 2 0 1 7 1 2 2 8 3 8 (54) УСТРОЙСТВО, ИСПОЛЬЗУЕМОЕ В ПСЕВДООЖИЖЕННОМ РЕАКЦИОННОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ 2 0 1 7 1 2 2 8 3 8 (86) Заявка PCT: R U (43) Дата публикации заявки: 29.12.2018 Бюл. № (72) Автор(ы): ШО Дон Ф. ...

Method and system for catalytic cracking by adopting dilute phase conveying bed and rapid fluidized bed

本发明涉及一种采用稀相输送床与快速流化床进行催化裂解的方法和系统，该方法包括：将预热的劣质重油从稀相输送床的下部引入稀相输送床中与催化裂解催化剂接触并由下至上进行第一催化裂解反应，得到第一反应产物和半待生催化剂；将所得第一反应产物和半待生催化剂引入快速流化床的底部并由下至上进行第二催化裂解反应，得到第二反应产物和待生催化剂；将所得第二反应产物进行分离，得到干气、液化气、裂解汽油、裂解柴油和裂解重油；将待生催化剂送入再生器进行烧焦再生，至少将部分所得再生催化剂作为所述催化裂解催化剂返回稀相输送床的底部。本发明方法和系统进行催化裂解的干气和焦炭产率低，产品分布好。

Removable fixing device

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de fixation amovible 1 d’un appareillage A sur un support B, avec :- une pièce plane compressible 5,- un levier de fonctionnement comprenant un levier à came 2 - et une tige d’assemblage 3 présentant une première extrémité et une deuxième extrémité ;avec : - ladite deuxième extrémité de la tige d’assemblage 3 est pourvue d’un moyen de serrage (4),- ladite pièce plane compressible 5, ledit levier de fonctionnement comprenant un levier à came 2 et ledit moyen de serrage 4 agencé en position serrée sont disposés autour de ladite tige d’assemblage 3 en un assemblage ;- ledit levier de fonctionnement comprenant un levier à came 2 est agencé pour qu’une rotation du levier à came 2 autour d’un axe y perpendiculaire à l’axe z de la tige d’assemblage 3 induise un déplacement du levier à came 2 entre une position serrée et une position desserrée. Figure 1a à publier. The present invention relates to a removable fixing device 1 of an apparatus A on a support B, with: - a compressible flat part 5, - an operating lever comprising a cam lever 2 - and an assembly rod 3 having a first end and a second end; with: - said second end of the assembly rod 3 is provided with a clamping means (4), - said compressible flat part 5, said operating lever comprising a cam lever 2 and said clamping means 4 arranged in the clamped position are arranged around said assembly rod 3 in an assembly; - said operating lever comprising a cam lever 2 is arranged so that a rotation of the cam lever 2 around a y axis perpendicular to the z axis of the assembly rod 3 induces a displacement of the cam lever 2 between a clamped position and a released position. Figure 1a to publish.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING (MET) ACROLEIN OR (MET) ACRYLIC ACID

1. Способ получения (мет)акролеина или (мет)акриловой кислоты, при котором (мет)акролеин или (мет)акриловую кислоту получают путем осуществления реакции каталитического окисления в газовой фазе пропилена, пропана или изобутилена при использовании молекулярного кислорода с помощью многотрубного реактора типа теплообменника, включающего часть из пучка труб, в которой множество реакционных трубок, каждая из которых заполнена катализатором, установлены параллельно одна другой, и трубной доски, которая примыкает к нижней стороне части из пучка труб из реакционных трубок и образует выводную часть для реакционного газа, в которой часть из пучка труб из реакционных труб имеет полое колоннообразное строение в целом, отличающийся тем, что трубная доска снабжена ректификатором.2. Способ получения (мет)акролеина или (мет)акриловой кислоты по п.1, отличающийся тем, что трубная доска снабжена ректификатором в центральной части.3. Способ получения (мет)акролеина или (мет)акриловой кислоты по п.1, отличающийся тем, что трубная доска снабжена ректификатором по периферической части.4. Способ получения (мет)акролеина или (мет)акриловой кислоты по п.1, отличающийся тем, что трубная доска снабжена ректификаторами в центральной части и по периферической части. ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß (19) RU (11) 2006 144 102 (13) A (51) ÌÏÊ C07C 27/14 (2006.01) ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) ÇÀßÂÊÀ ÍÀ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈÅ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2006144102/15, 25.10.2004 (71) Çà âèòåëü(è): ÌÈÖÓÁÈÑÈ ÊÅÌÈÊÀË ÊÎÐÏÎÐÅÉØÍ (JP) (30) Êîíâåíöèîííûé ïðèîðèòåò: 13.05.2004 JP 2004-143305 (43) Äàòà ïóáëèêàöèè çà âêè: 20.06.2008 Áþë. ¹ 17 (87) Ïóáëèêàöè PCT: WO 2005/110956 (24.11.2005) Àäðåñ äë ïåðåïèñêè: 129090, Ìîñêâà, óë. Á.Ñïàññêà , 25, ñòð.3, ÎÎÎ "Þðèäè÷åñêà ôèðìà Ãîðîäèññêèé è Ïàðòíåðû", ïàò.ïîâ. Å.Å.Íàçèíîé R U (57) Ôîðìóëà èçîáðåòåíè 1. Ñïîñîá ïîëó÷åíè (ìåò)àêðîëåèíà èëè (ìåò)àêðèëîâîé êèñëîòû, ïðè êîòîðîì (ìåò)àêðîëåèí èëè (ìåò)àêðèëîâóþ êèñëîòó ïîëó÷àþò ïóòåì ...

FIXED OR MOBILE BED REACTORS WITH RADIAL FLOW OF PROCESS FLOW COMPRISING ENHANCED INTERNS

La présente invention concerne des réacteurs à écoulement radial du flux de procédé à traiter comprenant des internes améliorés qui permettent de minimiser les zones catalytiques qui ne voient pas le flux de procédé à traiter. L'invention concerne également l'utilisation de ces réacteurs à écoulement radial dans des procédés de raffinage ou de pétrochimie. The present invention relates to radial flow reactors of the process flow to be treated comprising improved internals which minimize catalytic zones which do not see the process flow to be treated. The invention also relates to the use of these radial flow reactors in refining or petrochemical processes.

Methanol carbonylation system having absorber with multiple solvent options

A methanol carbonylation system (10) includes an absorber tower (75) adapted for receiving a vent gas stream and removing methyl iodide therefrom with a scrubber solvent, the absorber tower being coupled to first and second scrubber solvent sources (16, 56) which are capable of supplying different first and second scrubber solvents. A switching system including valves (90, 92, 94, 96, 98) alternatively provides first or second scrubber solvents to the absorber tower and returns the used solvent and sorbed material to the carbonylation system to accommodate different operating modes.

Reactor for high-pressure reactions, method of its starting and method of treatment

FIELD: process engineering. SUBSTANCE: proposed reactor comprises, at least, one tube with its end passed through tube plates and connected therewith. Tube plates and tubes are encased to make outer space between said tube and outer case. Said tube plates have, at least, one surface of nickel base alloy. Note here that tube is welded to said surface of nickel base alloy. Said surface faces the outer side of appropriate reactor end. Reactor outer case features thickness sufficient to take up stretching forces originated at different expansion of tube and said outer case caused by difference in their temperatures. EFFECT: high-pressure reactions with identical temperature profile. 25 cl, 2 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 481 887 (13) C2 (51) МПК B01J 8/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2010135156/05, 21.01.2009 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 21.01.2009 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 27.02.2012 Бюл. № 6 2 4 8 1 8 8 7 R U (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 25.08.2010 (86) Заявка PCT: EP 2009/050642 (21.01.2009) (87) Публикация заявки РСТ: WO 2009/092724 (30.07.2009) Адрес для переписки: 105064, Москва, а/я 88, "Патентные поверенные Квашнин, Сапельников и партнеры" (54) РЕАКТОР ДЛЯ ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ РЕАКЦИЙ ПОД ВЫСОКИМ ДАВЛЕНИЕМ, СПОСОБ ПУСКА РЕАКТОРА И СПОСОБ ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ РЕАКЦИИ (57) Реферат: Реактор для осуществления реакций под высоким давлением, включающий по меньшей мере одну трубку, концы которой пропущены через трубные плиты и соединены с ними. Трубные плиты и трубка заключены в наружный кожух таким образом, что между трубкой и наружным кожухом образовано наружное пространство. Трубные плиты обладают, по меньшей мере, одной поверхностью из никелевого базового сплава, причем трубка приварена к соответствующей поверхности из никелевого базового сплава. Поверхность из никелевого базового сплава обращена во внешнюю сторону ...

ANCHOR STRUCTURE FORMED OF A SINGLE CUT TOOL FOR ANTI-EROSION COATING, ESPECIALLY FOR PROTECTION OF A WALL OF A CATALYTIC FLUID CRACKING UNIT.

L'invention concerne une structure d'ancrage métallique caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une tôle (110) d'une seule pièce définissant un plan et présentant au moins un orifice (112) traversant, ladite structure d'ancrage présentant au moins une alvéole de forme polygonale à n côtés, ladite alvéole étant définie par une pluralité de pattes dont: - au moins une première patte (118i) sensiblement perpendiculaire au plan de la tôle, d'un premier côté du plan, - au moins une deuxième patte (118i) sensiblement perpendiculaire audit plan, d'un deuxième côté opposé au premier côté, chaque patte (118i) étant reliée à la tôle (110) par une ligne de pliage (122i) parallèle et adjacente à un côté de ladite alvéole, au moins une partie des pattes (118i) s'étendant depuis ledit au moins un orifice jusqu'à sa ligne de pliage (122i), avant mise en forme de la tôle. L'invention concerne également une tôle conformée pour réaliser une structure d'ancrage. The invention relates to a metal anchoring structure characterized in that it comprises a sheet (110) of a single piece defining a plane and having at least one orifice (112) therethrough, said anchoring structure having at least one polygonal cavity with n sides, said cell being defined by a plurality of tabs including: - at least one first tab (118i) substantially perpendicular to the plane of the sheet, a first side of the plane, - at least a second leg (118i) substantially perpendicular to said plane, a second side opposite to the first side, each tab (118i) being connected to the sheet (110) by a fold line (122i) parallel and adjacent to one side of said cell, to at least a portion of the tabs (118i) extending from said at least one orifice to its fold line (122i), prior to forming the sheet. The invention also relates to a shaped sheet for producing an anchoring structure.

Method for filling catalyst and method for preparing butadiene using same

본 명세서는, (A) 페라이트계 촉매 성형체와 희석물질 입자를 혼합하는 단계; 및 (B) 상기 희석물질 입자와 혼합된 촉매 성형체를 촉매 반응기에 충진시키는 단계를 포함하는 촉매의 충진방법 및 이를 이용한 부타디엔의 제조방법에 관한 것이다. The present specification, (A) mixing the ferritic catalyst molded body and diluent particles; and (B) filling the catalyst compact mixed with the diluent particles into a catalyst reactor.

APPARATUS FOR FILLING A CONTAINER WITH SOLID PARTICLES

STRUCTURE MEMBER FORMED BY FLAT PLATE WITH SNAPSHOT AND EVIDENCE

La présente invention concerne un élément de garnissage structuré (21) ayant la forme d'une plaque plane rectangulaire, pourvue d'encoches (23) et d'évidements (22). Les encoches (23) sont destinées à l'assemblage par emboîtement des éléments de garnissage structuré ensemble pour former le garnissage structuré. Les évidements (22) sont prévus pour former des canaux au sein du garnissage structuré. La présente invention concerne également une structure de garnissage obtenu par assemblage de tels éléments de garnissage (21), l'utilisation d'un tel garnissage pour une opération de mise en contact d'un gaz et d'un catalyseur, et un procédé de fabrication d'un tel garnissage structuré. The present invention relates to a structured packing element (21) in the form of a rectangular flat plate provided with notches (23) and recesses (22). The notches (23) are intended for the interlocking assembly of the structured packing elements together to form the structured packing. The recesses (22) are provided to form channels within the structured packing. The present invention also relates to a packing structure obtained by assembling such packing elements (21), the use of such packing for an operation of contacting a gas and a catalyst, and a method of manufacture of such structured packing.

BANKET TUBE EXCHANGER REACTOR TO OPERATE WITH PRESSURE DIFFERENCES OF 100 BARS BETWEEN THE TUBE COAST AND THE COASTAL COAST.

La présente invention décrit un réacteur échangeur destiné à la mise en oeuvre de réactions endothermiques, comportant une calandre à l'intérieur de laquelle circule le fluide caloporteur, ladite calandre enfermant une pluralité de tubes à l'intérieur desquels circule le fluide réactif, les tubes étant de type baïonnette, et le réacteur ne présentant pas de plaque tubulaire. Ce réacteur peut fonctionner avec une différence de pression entre le côté tube et le côté calandre pouvant aller jusqu'à 100 bars.

Patent RU2017122838A3

ВУ“? 2017122838"” АЗ Дата публикации: 19.02.2019 Форма № 18 ИЗ,ПМ-2011 Федеральная служба по интеллектуальной собственности Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение ж Я «Федеральный институт промышленной собственности» (ФИПС) ОТЧЕТ О ПОИСКЕ 1. . ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ ЗАЯВКИ Регистрационный номер Дата подачи 2017122838/05(039575) 14.12.2015 РСТ/О$2015/065471 14.12.2015 Приоритет установлен по дате: [ ] подачи заявки [ ] поступления дополнительных материалов от к ранее поданной заявке № [ ] приоритета по первоначальной заявке № из которой данная заявка выделена [ ] подачи первоначальной заявки № из которой данная заявка выделена [ ] подачи ранее поданной заявки № [Х] подачи первой(ых) заявки(ок) в государстве-участнике Парижской конвенции (31) Номер первой(ых) заявки(ок) (32) Дата подачи первой(ых) заявки(ок) (33) Код страны 1. 62/092,947 17.12.2014 05 Название изобретения (полезной модели): [Х] - как заявлено; [ ] - уточненное (см. Примечания) УСТРОЙСТВО, ИСПОЛЬЗУЕМОЕ В ПСЕВДООЖИЖЕННОМ РЕАКЦИОННОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ Заявитель: ДАУ ГЛОУБЛ ТЕКНОЛОДЖИЗ ЛЛК, 05 2. ЕДИНСТВО ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ [Х] соблюдено [ ] не соблюдено. Пояснения: см. Примечания 3. ФОРМУЛА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ: [Х] приняты во внимание все пункты (см. п см. Примечания [ ] приняты во внимание следующие пункты: р [ ] принята во внимание измененная формула изобретения (см. Примечания) 4. КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ ОБЪЕКТА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ (ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ) (Указываются индексы МПК и индикатор текущей версии) ВОТ. 5/18 (2006.01) ВО1.] 5/24 (2006.01) ВО1.] 5/08 (2006.01) 5. ОБЛАСТЬ ПОИСКА 5.1 Проверенный минимум документации РСТ (указывается индексами МПК) ВО1} 8/00-8/46 5.2 Другая проверенная документация в той мере, в какой она включена в поисковые подборки: 5.3 Электронные базы данных, использованные при поиске (название базы, и если, возможно, поисковые термины): СТРО, РЕРАТБпе, РУУРТ, ЕАРАТГУ, Езрасепев, С1оБа1 Без1еп РабаБазе, боое, Сооз]е Раеп($, ]-Р]а{Рав, К-РШОМ, КРКГУ, РАТЕМТУСОРЕ, Р55, Раеагсп, КОРТО, ЗГРО, ЦЗРТО, Уапаех, БД ВИНИТИ 6. ...

Device and method for identifying the row number on a tubesheet

A device and method for identifying the tubes in a tubesheet, including locating a support element along a portion of the tubesheet with at least one means for identifying the location or condition of the adjacent tubes.

Fischer-tropsch process in a microchannel reactor

The disclosed invention relates to a process for conducting a Fischer-Tropsch reaction, comprising flowing a reactant mixture comprising fresh synthesis gas and tail gas in a microchannel reactor in contact with a catalyst to form at least one hydrocarbon product, the catalyst being derived from a catalyst precursor comprising cobalt and a surface modified catalyst support.

Apparatus and method for mass production of atomically thin two-dimensional materials including graphene

通过块体层状材料如石墨的分层生产石墨烯和类似原子级层状材料的设备；所述设备包括主泵，所述主泵以大于1MPa的压力将包含所述块体层状材料的颗粒的固体悬浮液的流体朝向包括流体导管(12)的芯部件(10)泵送，其中所述流体导管引导流体抵靠冲击头(16)；冲击头和导管被布置成使得在导管的端部和冲击头之间形成500μm和1μm之间的环形间隙(202)，并且冲击头围绕物(26)延伸了流体在退出芯部件之前受到约束的区域。本发明描述了通过块体层状材料如石墨的分层来生产石墨烯和类似原子级层状材料的设备。该设备包括泵，其将流体引导抵靠冲击头并穿过500μm与1μm之间的环形间隙。这会导致差异剪切力，导致块体材料分裂成薄片。

Segmented silicon carbide liner

本发明公开了分段碳化硅衬，特别是在用于生产多晶硅覆层的颗粒材料的流化床反应器中使用的分段碳化硅衬，以及制造和使用所述分段碳化硅衬的方法。还公开了用于联结碳化硅区段的无污染粘合材料。一个或多个所述碳化硅区段可以由反应粘合的碳化硅构造而成。

Detachable fastener device

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de fixation amovible 1 d'un appareillage A sur un support B, avec : - une pièce plane compressible 5, - un levier de fonctionnement comprenant un levier à came 2 - et une tige d'assemblage 3 présentant une première extrémité et une deuxième extrémité ; avec : - ladite deuxième extrémité de la tige d'assemblage 3 est pourvue d'un moyen de serrage (4), - ladite pièce plane compressible 5, ledit levier de fonctionnement comprenant un levier à came 2 et ledit moyen de serrage 4 agencé en position serrée sont disposés autour de ladite tige d'assemblage 3 en un assemblage ; - ledit levier de fonctionnement comprenant un levier à came 2 est agencé pour qu'une rotation du levier à came 2 autour d'un axe y perpendiculaire à l'axe z de la tige d'assemblage 3 induise un déplacement du levier à came 2 entre une position serrée et une position desserrée. The present invention relates to a removable fixing device 1 of an apparatus A on a support B, with: - a compressible flat part 5, - an operating lever comprising a cam lever 2 - and an assembly rod 3 having a first end and a second end; with: - said second end of the assembly rod 3 is provided with a clamping means (4), - said compressible flat part 5, said operating lever comprising a cam lever 2 and said clamping means 4 arranged in clamped position are arranged around said assembly rod 3 in one assembly; - Said operating lever comprising a cam lever 2 is arranged so that a rotation of the cam lever 2 about a y axis perpendicular to the z axis of the assembly rod 3 induces a movement of the cam lever 2 between a tight position and a loose position.

RANEY CATALYST COMPOSITION FREE OF DANGER AND CONTAINING CONTAINER.

L'invention a pour objet une composition de catalyseur de Raney exempte de danger qui comprend, en tant que support solide, de la glace. La réaction impliquant le catalyseur de Raney selon la présente invention est mise en œuvre par addition, par parties, au mélange réactionnel d'un catalyseur de Raney contenant un support solide formé de glace. Le récipient 1 utilisé pour le stockage et/ou la manipulation du catalyseur de Raney est conique et est formé de parois latérales 2 inclinées, d'une partie de paroi courbe 3 présentant un rayon de courbure de 0,5 mm et d'un fond 4. Le récipient 1 est fermé par un couvercle étanche 5. The invention relates to a hazardous Raney catalyst composition which comprises, as solid support, ice. The reaction involving the Raney catalyst according to the present invention is carried out by adding, in parts, to the reaction mixture a Raney catalyst containing a solid support formed from ice. The container 1 used for the storage and / or handling of the Raney catalyst is conical and is formed of inclined side walls 2, a curved wall part 3 having a radius of curvature of 0.5 mm and a bottom 4. The container 1 is closed by a tight cover 5.

Heat-exchange reactor with bayonet pipes and with smoke pipes suspended to upper reactor vault

Группа изобретений относится к теплообменному реактору для осуществления эндотремических реакций, таких как реакция парового риформинга природного газа, к способам парового риформинга и способу сборки теплообменного реактора. Теплообменный реактор выполнен в виде кожуха цилиндрической формы, который закрыт верхним сводом и нижним дном, при этом система кожух, нижнее дно и верхний свод покрыта огнеупорным изолирующим покрытием. Кожух содержит множество параллельных байонетных труб, по существу, с вертикальной осью, проходящих от нижней части кожуха до верхнего свода, внутри которых циркулирует реакционная текучая среда. Каждая байонетная труба окружена по всей своей длине дымовой трубой. При этом вход и выход каждой байонетной трубы находится снаружи реактора за пределами верхнего свода, и горячие газы, производимые снаружи реактора, заходят внутрь кожуха через отверстие, расположенное в нижнем дне, затем проходят в дымовые трубы через впускные отверстия, выполненные в стенке упомянутых дымовых труб, и выходят из дымовых труб через выпускные отверстия, выполненные в верхней части каждой дымовой трубы, при этом горячие газы выходят из теплообменного реактора через боковое отверстие. Каждая байонетная труба и окружающая ее дымовая труба подвешены к верхнему своду теплообменного реактора. Согласно способу парового риформинга углеводородной фракции с использованием теплообменного реактора, в котором текучая среда-теплоноситель состоит из дымов горения, горение происходит снаружи теплообменного реактора при помощи топлива, состоящего из углеводородной фракции с числом атомов углерода от 1 до 20. Согласно другому варианту способа парового риформинга углеводородной фракции с использованием теплообменного реактора давление внутри кожуха составляет от 1 до 10 абсолютных бар, и давление внутри байонетных труб составляет от 25 до 100 абсолютных бар. Согласно еще одному варианту способа парового риформинга углеводородной фракции с использованием теплообменного реактора скорость ...

Continuous flow catalytic reactor, its assembly method and use