СПОСОБ И СИСТЕМА ДЛЯ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ВРЕМЕНЕМ ПЕРЕКЛЮЧЕНИЯ УСТРОЙСТВА С МАГНИТНОЙ ЦЕПЬЮ

Изобретение относится к управлению временем переключения устройства, включающего в себя магнитную цепь и по меньшей мере одну проводящую обмотку. Способ управления временем переключения устройства, содержащего магнитную цепь (1) и по меньшей мере одну проводящую обмотку (2), отличающийся тем, что содержит этапы, на которых получают по меньшей мере один результат измерения магнитного поля, создаваемого остаточным потоком в упомянутой магнитной цепи (1), с помощью по меньшей мере одного датчика (10а, 10b, 10с) магнитного поля, установленного в непосредственной близости к магнитной цепи (1); обрабатывают полученные результаты измерений магнитного поля для того, чтобы вывести из них остаточный поток в магнитной цепи (1), по остаточному потоку определяют оптимальное время переключения для подачи питания в устройство; причем все упомянутые этапы выполняют после отключения устройства. Технический результат заключается в более надежном предотвращении чрезмерного тока при любых переключениях устройства ...

ЛИНЕЙНОЕ ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО

Изобретение относится к электротехнике. Технический результат состоит в уменьшении габаритов за счет увеличения магнитного потока. Линейное электромагнитное устройство (200), такое как элемент (202) индуктивности, трансформатор или аналогичное устройство, содержит сердечник, обеспечивающий создание магнитного потока (106) и (108). Сквозь сердечник (204) выполнено отверстие (208). Устройство содержит первый проводник (212), размещенный в отверстии (208) и проходящий через сердечник (204). Первый проводник (212) имеет по существу квадратное или прямоугольное (206) поперечное сечение. Электрический ток, протекающий через первый проводник (212), создает магнитное поле вокруг первого проводника (212), возбуждающее магнитный поток в сердечнике (204). 3 н. и 9 з.п. ф-лы, 9 ил.

МАГНИТНЫЙ ДАТЧИК И СПОСОБ КОМПЕНСАЦИИ ЗАВИСЯЩЕЙ ОТ ТЕМПЕРАТУРЫ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ МАГНИТНОГО ДАТЧИКА

Предложенное изобретение относится к магнитному датчику, использующему магниторезистивный элемент. Целью изобретения является создание магнитного датчика, который выполнен с возможностью измерения недорогим и точным образом зависящей от температуры характеристики в течение короткого периода времени, и создание способа точной компенсации зависящей от температуры характеристики магнитного датчика. Предложенный магнитный датчик содержит множество магниторезистивных элементов, сформированных на верхней поверхности слоя, наложенного на подложку, и множество тепловыделяющих элементов, предназначенных для выделения тепла при электрическом возбуждении. При этом упомянутое множество тепловыделяющих элементов располагается и конфигурируется так, что, когда каждый из упомянутого множества тепловыделяющих элементов выделяет количество тепла, примерно равное количеству тепла, выделяемому любым одним из оставшихся тепловыделяющих элементов для получения данных, касающихся температурной характеристики ...

КОМБИНИРОВАННЫЙ ДАТЧИК ТОКА И СПОСОБ УСТАНОВКИ УПОМЯНУТОГО ДАТЧИКА

Изобретение относится к комбинированному датчику тока. Комбинированный датчик тока содержит в кожухе датчик магнитного потока, содержащий катушку, намотанную на магнитопровод, устройство измерения тока, содержащее катушку Роговского, выполненную таким образом, что первичный контур магнитного датчика соответствует первичному контуру упомянутого устройства измерения тока, электронное средство для выполнения обнаружения и измерения электрического тока, причем упомянутое средство запитывается от катушки магнитного датчика; при этом датчик содержит соединяющую кассету, содержащую первое фиксирующее средство, выполненное с возможностью размещения и закрепления упомянутой кассеты путем клеммного скрепления на измерительном устройстве; второе фиксирующее средство, выполненное с возможностью размещения и закрепления упомянутой кассеты и измерительного устройства путем клеммного скрепления на кожухе; электрические контакты, соответствующим образом соединенные с катушкой Роговского и с электронным ...

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ БЕСКОНТАКТНОЙ ДИАГНОСТИКИ ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ ПОДЗЕМНЫХ ТРУБОПРОВОДОВ С ВОЗМОЖНОСТЬЮ КАЛИБРОВКИ В ПОЛЕВЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ

Изобретение относится к устройствам для бесконтактной внетрубной диагностики технического состояния подземных ферромагнитных нефтяных и газовых труб. Устройство для бесконтактной диагностики технического состояния подземных трубопроводов с возможностью калибровки в полевых условиях, содержащее узел датчиков постоянного магнитного поля, состоящий по меньшей мере из двух однокомпонентных датчиков, соединенных креплениями из немагнитного непроводящего материала, устройство сложения и вычитания сигналов постоянного магнитного поля, блок сбора данных и управления (БСДУ) и полевой компьютер, при этом дополнительно введены катушки с соленоидальными обмотками, создающими калибрующее переменное низкочастотное магнитное поле, расположенные в центральной части креплений датчиков из немагнитного непроводящего материала, блок прецизионных резисторов, генератор, измерительный блок, при этом катушки с соленоидальными обмотками с помощью бифилярного провода соединены с блоком прецизионных резисторов и ...

Оптический магнитометр

Изобретение относится к устройствам измерения магнитного поля. Предлагается оптический магнитометр, в котором размещенный на конце оптического волокна активный элемент, электромагнит и дополнительный магнит закреплены неподвижно относительно друг друга таким образом, чтобы направление создаваемого электромагнитом поля совпадало с направлением одной из главных кристаллографических осей алмаза, а создаваемое дополнительным магнитом поле смещения позволяло при воздействии излучения лазера на активный элемент разрешать пять кросс-релаксационных резонансов в сигнале флуоресценции, фотодетектор выполнен балансным, его входы оптически сопряжены с лазером, причем один сопряжен через частично прозрачное зеркало, а второй - через частично прозрачное зеркало, дихроичное зеркало, объектив, оптическое волокно до активного элемента и обратно через оптическое волокно, объектив, дихроичное зеркало и светофильтр, а выход через синхронный детектор, получающий сигнал опорной частоты от генератора низкой частоты ...

Конденсационный зонд с поперечным магнитным полем, экранированный тепловым экраном

Полезная модель относится к измерению концентрации ионов и нейтралов в плазме, образованной при испарении твердотельной мишени электронным пучком, и может быть использована при отработке режимов нанесения различных металлических и диэлектрических покрытий, а также может применяться в экспериментальной физике и плазмохимической технологии. Сущность заключается в том, что в прототип добавлен термоэкран, выполненный из фольги на основе тугоплавкого металла внешним диаметром D, равным внешнему диаметру прибора, толщиной x, определяемой соотношением 0,1≤x≤0,3 мм. Выполнение совокупности указанных признаков позволяет достичь цели полезной модели – увеличения времени наработки на отказ при диагностике паров испаряемых тугоплавких материалов за счет поглощения основной части температуры радиационного нагрева от пучка электронов.

Устройство стабилизации магнитного поля

Полезная модель относится к магнитометрическим системам управления и предназначена для снижения влияния внешних магнитных полей на магниточувствительные физические и биологические системы. Требуемый технический результат, который заключается в повышении качества и эффективности работы, достигается в устройстве, содержащем трехкомпонентный феррозондовый магнитометр, три пары катушек в Геймгольцовской конфигурации, причем трехкомпонентный феррозондовый магнитометр выполнен стержневым, а оси первой, второй, третьей пар катушек Гельмгольца образуют трехосную ортогональную систему, в которой центр рабочего объема находится в точке пересечения осей, и рабочий объем является единым для объекта магнитного воздействия катушек и трехкомпонентного феррозондового магнитометра, причем соосно и вплотную сзади по отношению к рабочему объему к каждой из трех пар катушек Гельмгольца установлена дополнительная пара катушек такого же диаметра с меньшим числом витков, а управляющий сигнал для основных и дополнительных ...

МАГНИТОЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИЙ ДАТЧИК ПОСТОЯННОГО МАГНИТНОГО ПОЛЯ

Полезная модель относится к области измерительной техники и может быть использована в различных областях науки и промышленности в качестве первичного датчика для измерения постоянных магнитных полей. Предложен магнитоэлектрический датчик постоянного магнитного поля, содержащий магнитострикционный ферромагнетик и пьезоэлектрик с электродами, при этом элементом возбуждения является указанный пьезоэлектрик, а полезный сигнал возникает в магнитострикционном ферромагнетике, который выполнен из электропроводящего материала. Полезная модель обеспечивает возможность выполнения датчика методами интегральной технологии. 2 ил.

СИСТЕМА АВТОМАТИЧЕСКОГО ЭКСПРЕСС-КОНТРОЛЯ НЕМАГНИТНЫХ ВКЛЮЧЕНИЙ В МЕТАЛЛОЛОМЕ

Изобретение относится к системам дистанционного мониторинга металлолома. Система автоматического экспресс-контроля немагнитных включений в металлоломе содержит конструкцию для крепления датчиков, соединенную с возможностью съема с рамкой, на кронштейнах по всей высоте боковых стенок конструкции для крепления датчиков установлены магнитно-резистивные датчики, выходы которых соединены с входом контроллера c модулем AGCtrl, а его выход соединен со входом сервера обработки данных с модулем AGCore и базой данных, в центре верхней части выполнено отверстие, в которое установлен, с возможностью съема лазерный датчик, выход которого соединен со входом контроллера c модулем AGCtrl, а его выход со входом сервера обработки данных с модулем AGCore и базой данных, на внешней стороне в центре верхней части конструкции для крепления и датчиков установлена с возможностью вращения видеокамера, выход которой соединен через кабельную линию со входом видеорегистратора, в серверном шкафу последовательно установлены ...

СВЕРХВЫСОКОЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНЫЙ МАГНИТНЫЙ МИКРОДАТЧИК

Изобретение относится к области высокочувствительных магнитных микродатчиков. Сущность изобретения заключается в том, что два магнитных провода используются для одной катушки индуктивности и импульсный ток прикладывается к ним в противоположных направлениях, индуцированное катушкой индуктивности напряжение при детектировании нарастающих импульсов становится равным нулю, импульсный ток, прикладываемый к магнитному проводу, обладающему полем магнитной анизотропии 20 Гс или менее, а также имеющему двухфазную магнитную доменную структуру из поверхностного магнитного домена с циркулярной ориентацией спинов и из магнитного домена центральной жилы с продольной ориентацией спинов, имеет частоту импульса от 0,2 до 4,0 ГГц и силу, необходимую для создания циркулярного магнитного поля, в более чем 1,5 раза превышающего поле анизотропии, на поверхности провода. Обеспечены чувствительность магнитного поля и линейность, которые улучшают детектирование нарастающих импульсов, при этом улучшая линейность ...

Широкополосный датчик переменного тока на тонкой ферромагнитной пленке

Изобретение относится к измерительной технике. Широкополосный датчик переменного тока на тонкой ферромагнитной пленке содержит датчик магнитного поля, помещенный в воздушный зазор кольцевого сердечника, через который проходит как минимум один проводник с током, величину которого необходимо измерить и компенсационную катушку, намотанную на кольцевой сердечник. Новым является то, что в качестве датчика магнитного поля используется высокочувствительный широкополосный датчик слабых магнитных полей на основе микрополосковых резонаторов с тонкими магнитными пленками, причем режим компенсационных измерений этого датчика реализуется за счет обратной связи, осуществляемой с помощью компенсационный катушки, намотанной на кольцевой сердечник, а его ось чувствительности направлена тангенциально окружности кольцевого сердечника. Изобретение обеспечивает повышение чувствительности устройства и расширение полосы частот. 2 ил.

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ТЕСТИРОВАНИЯ МАГНИТНОЙ СИЛЫ ПОЛЮСНЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ МАГНИТНЫХ АППАРАТОВ И ПРИБОРОВ

Изобретение относится к области магнитных измерений и может быть использовано для тестирования магнитной силы полюсных элементов различных магнитных аппаратов и приборов. Устройство для тестирования магнитной силы полюсных элементов магнитных аппаратов и приборов, включая магнитные сепараторы, состоит из шарообразного феррозонда, принудительно отрываемого от поверхности полюсного элемента, измерителя силы отрыва, связанного с шарообразным феррозондом посредством хвостовика, при этом хвостовик выполнен растяжимым упругим, а между измерителем силы отрыва и шарообразным феррозондом установлен гаситель скорости шарообразного феррозонда после его отрыва от поверхности полюсного элемента. Технический результат – повышение точности измерений магнитной силы полюсных элементов магнитных аппаратов и приборов, повышение безопасности этих измерений. 4 з.п. ф-лы, 1 ил.

СПОСОБ РЕГИСТРАЦИИ МАГНИТНОГО ПОЛЯ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ СПОСОБА

Группа изобретений относится к области измерительной техники. Технический результат – повышение чувствительности регистрации магнитных полей. Указанный технический результат достигается благодаря осуществлению способа регистрации магнитного поля, содержащего этапы, на которых: посредством светового сигнала, сгенерированного лазером накачки, выполняют оптическую накачку по меньшей мере двух ячеек градиометра; пропускают через упомянутые ячейки градиометра лучи света, сгенерированные пробным лазером; фиксируют посредством поляриметров величины деполяризованной компоненты лучей света, прошедших через ячейки градиометра, характеризующие величину магнитного поля в области ячеек градиометра; регистрируют посредством вычислительного устройства величины деполяризованной компоненты лучей света, зафиксированных на предыдущем этапе. 2 н. и 6 з.п. ф-лы, 5 ил.

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ СОЗДАНИЯ ВРАЩАЮЩЕГОСЯ МАГНИТНОГО ПОЛЯ

Изобретение относится к области технической физики, радиотехники и предназначено для формирования низкочастотного вращающегося магнитного поля в пространстве за пределами магнитной системы. Устройство может быть использовано для создания навигационных систем, в которых в качестве навигационного поля применяется переменное вращающееся магнитное поле. Техническим результатом изобретения является повышение стабильности во времени характеристик формируемого вращающегося магнитного навигационного поля в пространстве. В заявленном устройстве вращение постоянного магнита с требуемой частотой осуществляется путем подачи импульсов тока с заданной длительностью, периодом следования и амплитудой на катушки возбуждения, расположенные вдоль траектории вращения постоянного магнита и неподвижно закрепленные на платформе. При этом в результате взаимодействия магнитных полей постоянного магнита и катушек возбуждения возникает отталкивающая сила со стороны катушек возбуждения, действующая на торцы постоянного ...

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ КООРДИНАТ ПОДВИЖНОГО ОБЪЕКТА С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ МАГНИТНОГО ПОЛЯ

Изобретение относится к области измерительной техники, в частности к средствам определения координат подвижного объекта, и может быть использовано в системах посадки летательных аппаратов, в строительстве для направленного бурения скважин, в системах навигации подвижных объектов, в медицине для сверхточного позиционирования и других областях науки и техники. Технический результат заключается в расширении функциональных возможностей устройства, в частности обеспечении навигации для удаленного подвижного объекта. Технический результат достигается за счет того, что в устройство для определения координат подвижного объекта в состав наземной аппаратуры дополнительно введены последовательно соединенные блок управления и первая ключевая схема, выход которой соединен со второй катушкой индуктивности, выход источника гармонического сигнала соединен со вторым входом первой ключевой схемы, в состав бортовой аппаратуры введены последовательно соединенные блок определения режима работы наземной аппаратуры ...

ЭЛЕМЕНТ ДЛЯ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ ТРЕХМЕРНОГО МАГНИТНОГО ПОЛЯ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ ТРЕХМЕРНОГО МАГНИТНОГО ПОЛЯ

Группа изобретений относится к трехосевому магнитному датчику. Для трех осевых направлений, которые перпендикулярны друг другу в точке начала координат, которая является центральной точкой измерения, устройство измеряет для первого осевого направления магнитное поле в первом осевом направлении с использованием двух элементов, смещенных относительно точки начала координат, измеряет для второго осевого направления магнитное поле во втором осевом направлении через один элемент, размещенный на позиции точки начала координат, и измеряет для третьего осевого направления магнитное поле в третьем осевом направлении посредством объединения двух элементов для первого осевого направления и трех магнитомягких тел и посредством образования двух магнитных цепей по форме заводной рукояти, имеющих точечную симметрию. Технический результат - уменьшение размеров устройства при сохранении высокой чувствительности и помехозащищенности устройства. 3 н. и 2 з.п. ф-лы, 2 пр., 7 ил.

УСТРОЙСТВО МАГНИТНОГО ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ ДЛЯ ЛИСТОВ БУМАГИ

Изобретение носится к устройствам магнитного обнаружения листов бумаги при их перемещении, применяемым в типовых аппаратах для обработки банкнот в финансовых институтах. Достигаемый технический результат - предупреждение возможности снижения точности магнитного обнаружения, возникающего из-за намагничивания подающих роликов, используемых для транспортировки листа бумаги. Устройство содержит транспортировочный тракт (90), магнит (21), встроенный в магнитный датчик (20), предназначенный для обнаружения магнитного материала в листе бумаги, несколько пар подающих роликов (30,40), установленных рядом с магнитным датчиком и обеспечивающих перемещение листов бумаги по транспортировочному тракту. Каждая пара подающих роликов включает в себя расположенные напротив друг друга ведущий ролик и прижимной ролик. Внешние кольцевые поверхности подающих роликов, обращенные в сторону транспортировочного тракта, выполнены из немагнитного материала. 9 з.п. ф-лы, 9 ил.

ЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНЫЙ ЭЛЕМЕНТ GSR

Изобретение относится к технологии улучшения чувствительности и уменьшения энергопотребления в чувствительном элементе GSR (GHz spin rotation, спиновое вращение на ГГц частотах). Чувствительный элемент GSR содержит электродную монтажную плату; магнитную проволоку, которая представляет собой магниточувствительное тело, выполненное на электродной монтажной плате; катушку, намотанную вокруг указанной магнитной проволоки; четыре вывода, выполненные на концевых частях катушки, для соединения с внешней интегральной схемой, причем катушка содержит пару магнитных проволок, ток в которых проходит в противоположных направлениях через изоляционный материал, катушка содержит нижнюю часть катушки, верхнюю часть катушки и соединительную часть, соединяющую обе указанные части, магнитные проволоки в указанной паре разделены в катушке изоляционной стенкой. Технический результат – повышение чувствительности, уменьшение энергопотребления, уменьшение размеров устройства. 5 з.п. ф-лы, 10 ил.

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ НАМАГНИЧИВАНИЯ УПАКОВОЧНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА И УПАКОВОЧНЫЙ МАТЕРИАЛ, НАМАГНИЧЕННЫЙ УПОМЯНУТЫМ СПОСОБОМ

Magnetischer Positionssensor

Vorrichtung (100), die umfasst: – ein permanentmagnetisches Material (111), das sich entlang eines Pfads (181, 191) erstreckt, – einen ersten Winkelmagnetfeldsensor (101, 102), der eingerichtet ist, um mindestens ein erstes Signal (201, 202) auszugeben und der beabstandet zum Material (111) angeordnet ist, – einen zweiten Winkelmagnetfeldsensor (101, 102), der eingerichtet ist, um mindestens ein zweites Signal (201, 202) auszugeben und der beabstandet zum Material (111) und zum ersten Winkelmagnetfeldsensor (101, 102) angeordnet ist, – eine Auswerteeinheit (177), die eingerichtet ist, um basierend auf dem mindestens einen ersten Signal (201, 202) und dem mindestens einen zweiten Signal (201, 202) eine Relativpositionierung (109) des ersten Winkelmagnetfeldsensors (101, 102) und des zweiten Winkelmagnetfeldsensors (101, 102) gegenüber dem Material (111) parallel zu dem Pfad (181, 191) zu bestimmen, wobei die Magnetisierung (112) des Materials (111) eine Periodenlänge (115) aufweist, die ...

Vorrichtung zur berührungslosen Detektion von Fahrzeugen

Vorrichtung (1, 1A, 1B, 1C) zur berührungslosen Detektion von Fahrzeugen mit einem oder mehreren Magnetometern (2) für die Messung des geomagnetischen Feldes, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das mindestens eine Magnetometer (2) eine Einrichtung für die Messung des Gravitationsfeldes umfasst und die Vorrichtung ein oder mehrere elektronische Auswertemodule (3) umfasst, die mit einem integrierten Schaltkreis, wie beispielsweise einem Mikroprozessor, einem digitalen Signalprozessor (DSP), einem Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) oder einem Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) ausgestattet und mit dem mindestens einen Magnetometer (2) verbunden oder integriert sind.

Magnetic field detector

The detector (10) is in the form of a stripline loop detector. It consists of a multilayer substrate (8) with two earth layers, a signal layer and a positioning layer. The signal layer consists of a dielectric material with a conductive stripline pattern forming a loop surface. The earth layers do not cover the loop surface completely, so that the flux can penetrate it.

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines mobilen Agenten

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines mobilen Agenten (1), insbesondere eines Haushaltsroboters, mit folgenden Schritten:- Bewegen (S4) des mobilen Agenten (1) innerhalb eines Arbeitsbereichs (A);- Erfassen (S5) von Magnetfelddaten mithilfe einer Magnetfeldsensorik (6);- Erkennen (S7) einer Position mindestens eines Hindernisobjekts (3) abhängig von den Magnetfelddaten;- Betreiben (S8-S11) des mobilen Agenten (1) abhängig von der Position des mindestens einen Hindernisobjekts (3).

Sensorvorrichtungen mit Sensorchip und Stromschiene

Eine Sensorvorrichtung umfasst eine Stromschiene, ein auf der Stromschiene angeordnetes Dielektrikum, und einen auf dem Dielektrikum angeordneten Sensorchip, wobei der Sensorchip dazu ausgelegt ist, ein von einem durch die Stromschiene fließenden elektrischen Strom induziertes Magnetfeld zu erfassen, wobei die der Stromschiene zugewandte Fläche des Dielektrikums in einem Bereich entlang des gesamten Umfangs des Dielektrikums von der Stromschiene beabstandet ist.

Vorrichtung mit magnetischer Impedanz, die gleiche verwendende Sensorvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen der Gleichen

Magnetsensorvorrichtung, die aufweist: ein Halbleitersubstrat (22, 322); eine Vorrichtung (1, 2, 301, 301A, 301B) mit magnetischer Impedanz zum Erfassen eines Magnetfelds; eine Peripherieschaltung (312, 313, 314, 315) zum Verarbeiten eines Ausgangssignals, das aus der Vorrichtung (301, 301A, 301B) mit magnetischer Impedanz ausgegeben wird; eine Verdrahtungsschicht (328), die aus einem Aluminiummaterial besteht; und einen Barrierenmetallfilm (354), der aus einem Titanmaterial besteht,, wobei die Vorrichtung (1, 2, 301, 301A, 301B) mit magnetischer Impedanz auf dem Substrat (22, 322) angeordnet ist und aus einer Ni-Fe-Serien-Legierung besteht; die Verdrahtungsschicht (328) beide Enden der Vorrichtung (301, 301A, 301B) mit magnetischer Impedanz über den Barrierenmetallfilm (354) verbindet und ein Paar von Enden aufweist, welche auf einem Verbindungsabschnitt zwischen der Verdrahtungsschicht (328) und der Vorrichtung (301, 301A, 301B) mit magnetischer Impedanz angeordnet sind; und die Peripherieschaltung ...

Measuring power in a power transmission line using a magnetic field sensor

The power in an electric power transmission line 20 is calculated by measuring the magnetic field of the power line with magnetic field sensors 30 located at a distance from the line. The magnetic field sensor 30 has at least two sensing coils (310a, 310b, figure 3b) aligned on a common axis. The two coils can be connected such that the current induced in the first and second coils can be measured separately, and the current induced in both coils combined can also be measured. These measurements are used to find the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field. A second pair of coils can also be provided in an orthogonal direction (figure 3a). Sensors 30 also have means e.g. GPS for recording the time and position of the field measurement. Power in the transmission lines can be calculated from the magnetic field measurements and the voltage of the line e.g. from voltage sensor 50.

ELECTROMAGNETIC SURVEYING INSTRUMENTS

... 1340198 Electro-physical measurements ELECTROLOCATION Ltd 2 Nov 1971 [3 Nov 1970] 52185/70 Heading G1N In an electromagnetic surveying apparatus for use in plotting underground features of an area of ground between a pair of earth electrodes A.B. to which A. C. is applied the above ground field detector includes a pivotably mounted ferritecored coil. Two coils 10, 11 are mounted on tube 12 in bearings 13 which are pivoted about the horizontal axis 14 and rotatable about column 20. In use a series of readings are taken over the area and at each position the datum line of scale 21, for indicating rotation of tube 12 about column 20, is aligned parallel to A.B. using sighting bars 22 and then, with the coils connected in phase, the tube 12 is rotated about the vertical axis so that the meter 26 gives a null reading and the horizontal angle between A.B. and tube 12 read from scale 21. Adjustment about horizontal axis 14 may be made to obtain a null reading. The tube 12 may be turned to a position ...

MAGNETIC SENSOR ARRANGEMENTS

Linear magnetic field sensor

In a magnetic field sensor, an external magnetic field detecting element (3) e.g. an amorphous magnetic alloy wire or magnetoresistor is disposed between electrodes (2a,2b), and a current flows through the element (3). An external magnetic field to be detected Hex is detected in the axial direction of the element (3) by superimposing a biasing magnetic field Hb with the external field resulting in a change of a voltage V 0 across the ends of the amorphous magnetic element (3). Magnetized materials are used as the electrodes (2a, 2b) and a static magnetic field generated thereby functions as the biasing magnetic field Hb to linearize the sensor response.

Magnetic sensor

A METAL DETECTOR

Magnetic sensor with electromagnetic radiation compensation

A magnetic sensor with integral electromagnetic radiation compensation coils. The invention provides a high sensitivity and wide bandwidth measurement system for magnetic fields and electric currents utilising a simple magneto-inductive sensor, such as a single-core fluxgate device, comprising a sensing coil 13 and a core 15, driven with a radio frequency excitation current in combination with a separate compensation coil 14 driven with a related alternating current of appropriate magnitude and phase such that external electro-magnetic fields emitted by the system are minimised. Means is also provided for detecting overload of the sensor as the core approaches continuous saturation and for minimising any deleterious effects of the ohmic resistance of the sensor coil on the effectiveness of the flux nulling feedback system.

Apparatus and method for estimating absolute axes' orientations for a magnetic detection system

A system for determining an orientation of a nitrogen vacancy (NV) diamond material is disclosed. The system includes the NV diamond material having a plurality of NV centers, a magnetic field generator that generates a magnetic field, a radio frequency (RF) excitation source that provides RF excitation, an optical excitation source that provides optical excitation, an optical detector that receives an optical signal emitted by the NV diamond material, and a controller. The controller controls the magnetic field generator to generate a control magnetic field and controls the magnetic field generator to successively generate calibration magnetic fields. The controller successively receives light detection signals from the optical detector, stores measurement values based on the successively received light detection signals, and calculates an orientation of the NV diamond material based on the stored measurement values.

Locator using two horizontally displaced measurement points

Magnetometer

MAGNETIC FIELD SENSOR

Manual probe carriage system and method of using the same

Position or orientation determination based on duty-cycled frequency multiplexed electromagnetic signals

A three-axis magnetic source 110 comprises a set of coils 111, 112, 113 and a power supply 125. A first power and second power are alternately applied to drive the set of coils to generate frequency multiplexed electromagnetic signals during time intervals (see figure 4, not shown) defined by a duty cycle, the first power being higher than the second power. The set of coils may be mutually orthogonal to one another. The source may further include an inertial measurement unit (255, fig 2, not shown) to measure acceleration and gyroscopic orientation of the source and an interface (265) to convey values of the measurements. A signal generator 115 may generate signals based upon an indication of noise, such that the signals are generated for frequencies having noise levels below a threshold. The source can be used to determine the position of a three-axis magnetic sensor based upon the signals received by the sensor.

Linear magnetic field sensor

CARRIER-DOMAIN MAGNETOMETERS

Magnetic sensor

A magnetic sensor 210 comprising a magnetic impedance sensing element 10 and a focusing member 21 facing the element, the member is made of a soft magnetic material to focus magnetic force lines from outside onto the element. The focusing member may be wider at the side force lines enter than the side facing the element. The focusing member may have an extending part 21c/d that extends from an end portion of the wide part towards the element. A bias magnetic field application member (fig 8, 40) may be near or in contact with the focusing member to apply a bias magnetic field to the element via the focusing member. The sensor may also comprise a diverging member 31 facing the sensitive element made of a soft magnetic material, that diverges the magnetic force lines passed through the element to the outside. The diverging member may be wider on the side away from the element and may have an extending part 31c/d extending from the end portion of the wide part towards the element.

Device for the detection of ferromagnetic marks.

PROCEDURE FOR THE ULTERASCHNELLEN CONTROLLING OF A MAGNETIC CELL AND RELEVANT MECHANISMS

Messen von Positionen, mechanischen Verschiebungen und Rotationen von Körpern

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung und eine Verfahren zum Messen der relativen Position und den Winkeln zwischen zwei zu messenden Körpern (7, 77). Die Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einem oder mehreren Permanentmagneten (6), aufweist und dass die zu messende Position indirekt über ein Magnetfeld bestimmt wird. Das Magnetfeld wird durch einen oder mehrere Magnetfeldsensoren (3) detektiert, der mit einem Mikrochip ausgelesen wird. Um auf die Position und den Winkel des Permanentmagnetsystems (6) in Relation zu den Magnetfeldsensoren (3) rückzurechnen wird eine mathematische Minimierungsmethode verwendet. Die Energie die für das Auslesen der Sensoren benötigt wird, kann durch das Anregefeld eines Auslesegeräts bezogen werden. Der Sensor kann ohne Energieversorgung auskommen und kann mittels Standardauslesegeräte, wie Beispielsweise eines NFC fähiges mobiltelefon ausgelesen werden.

MAGNETIC SYSTEM FOR BIO SENSORS

Flat coil for wireless energy transmission

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Flachspule zur drahtlosen Übertragung von Energie oder Information zwischen ihr und mindestens einer im Betrieb mit ihr magnetisch gekoppelten und dadurch ihre elektrischen Eigenschaften [Admittanz; Induktionsspannung] mitbestimmenden örtlich distanzierten Spule oder Einrichtung, sowie Varianten ihrer anwendungsorientierten Verwendung. Bei bekannten, etwa spiralförmig gewickelten Flachspulen erfolgen Austritt und Eintritt des erzeugten magnetischen Flusses auf den einander abgewendeten Wicklungsseiten, woraus im sendenden Betrieb auf der einen Seite ein vom Zentrum ausgeheder und sich büschelartig radial aufweitender Fluss resultiert, welcher auf der anderen Seite wieder dem Zentrum zustrebt. Ein so verlaufender magnetischer Fluss lässt sich nur bei sehr geringem Abstand zur Empfängerwicklung zur Energieübertragung nützen, wobei die zwecks Flussumlenkung erforderlichen großflächigen und weit über die Wicklungsabmessungen hinausgehenden Ferritplatten den Anwendungsbereich ...

PROCEDURE AND SYSTEM FOR THE PROCESSING OF A MULTI-CHANNEL MEASUREMENT OF MAGNETIC FIELDS

ARRANGEMENTS FOR AN INTEGRATED SENSOR

MAGNETIC FIELD DOSIMETER

STROMMESSEINRICHTUNG UND VERFAHREN ZUR GALVANISCH GETRENNTEN MESSUNG VON STRÖMEN

The device (1) has a receiving part (2) made of a material with high magnetic permeability. Hall-sensors (3) are arranged on a side of the receiving part for measuring of magnetic fields orientated orthogonal to the receiving part. An evaluation unit (5) evaluates a measurement signal (It) of the sensors for determining of current to be measured. An insulator (4) and a shield device are arranged at the receiving part for surrounding of the sensors. The shield device extends from the side of the receiving part to the sensors. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) an arrangement including a conductor and/or conductor piece arranged between a current measuring device and a covering device (2) a method for galvanically separate measurement of current (3) an insulator comprising an insulation body in a current measuring device.

MAGNETIC DATA PROCESSING DEVICE

ROHRLEITUNGSINSPEKTIONSGERÄT

A pipeline inspection tool has an even number n of spiraled pole magnets spaced equidistant apart and spanning the length of the tool. Each pole magnet, which preferably has a conformable upper surface, is rotated or spiraled about the tool body so that a second end of each pole magnet is offset a predetermined amount relative to a first end of that same pole magnet. The amount of rotation applied to each of the pole magnets produces a magnetic field oblique to the central longitudinal axis of the tool body (and therefore the pipe) and one that covers 360° of the internal wall surface of the pipe. A helical-shaped array of magnetic flux sensors may be arranged about the tool body and substantially equidistant between adjacent pairs of pole magnets. The tool detects axially oriented, circumferentially oriented, and volumetric anomalies and allows for single pass inspection.

AZIMUTH MEASURING INSTRUMENT AND AZIMUTH MEASURING PROCEDURE

THIN FILM DEVICE FOR THE ROTATION LINE OF MAGNETIC RIVER.

SWITCHING CONFIGURATION FOR THE COMPENSATION OF FLUCTUATIONS OF THE TRANSFER FUNCTION OF A MAGNETIC FIELD SENSOR.

CURRENT LIMIT VALUE TRANSMITTER FOR ELECTRICAL FAVORITES.

ARRANGEMENT FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE STRENGTH OF A MAGNETIC FIELD, E.G. THE ERDFELDES.

NANO-MAGNETIC MATERIALS

SENSOR FOR DETECTING THE DIRECTION OF A MAGNETIC FIELD IN A PLANE

A device and a method for managing a sample to be analyzed and a solid sample carrier and liquid sample carrier

A device for managing a sample to be analyzed comprises magnetizing equipment (302) for producing magnetic field capable of interacting, when the sample is moving to or located in a sample well, with magnetically amplifying material attached to the sample, where the magnetically amplifying material has relative magnetic permeability constant greater than one. With the aid of the magnetizing element the movement of the sample to the sample well and/or the position of the sample in the sample well can be monitored and/or controlled. The device can be, for example but not necessarily, an instrument for dispensing samples to sample wells or an optical measurement instrument.

Monitoring and detecting magnetic stimulation

A method, system, and apparatus for monitoring a magnetic field related to magnetic stimulation may be provided. A system for monitoring a pulsing magnetic field related to magnetic stimulation therapy may include a magnetic stimulation component, a sensor, and a processor. The magnetic stimulation component may be configured to generate the pulsing magnetic field for the magnetic stimulation therapy. The sensor may be configured to generate a signal associated with the pulsing magnetic field. The processor may be configured to estimate a first characteristic associated with a first peak of the signal, estimate a second characteristic associated with a second peak of the signal, and determine a third characteristic of the signal based on the first characteristic and the second characteristic. The processor may be configured to determine whether a failure occurred based on the third characteristic of the signal.

MAGNETIC TRANSDUCER AND PROXIMITY DETECTION DEVICE INCORPORATING SUCH A TRANSDUCER

MAGNETIC FIELD DIRECTION INDICATING DEVICES

Magnetic Field Direction Indicating Devices. An applied magnetic field direction indicating device comprising a magnetic sensor (1) having an omnidirectional directional characteristic and an output which is non-linearly related to the magnitude of the applied field. The sensor (1) is subjected to two mutually perpendicular sinusoidal magnetic biassing fields of the same frequency and in time quadrature relationship. A characteristic of the output of the sensor (1) is indicative of the direction of the applied field.

SYSTEM, METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FLUID CONDUIT INSPECTION

Systems, methods, and sensor devices for fluid conduit inspection using passive magnetometry are provided. A method of inspecting a fluid conduit using passive magnetometry includes collecting magnetic flux data from inside the fluid conduit without actively magnetizing the fluid conduit, the magnetic flux data representing a residual magnetization of the fluid conduit, and identifying a conduit condition for the fluid conduit using the magnetic flux data. A computer system includes a memory for storing magnetic flux data collected from inside the fluid conduit without active magnetization of the fluid conduit, the magnetic flux data representing a residual magnetization of the fluid conduit; and a processor in communication with the memory and configured to generate an electronic representation of a conduit condition for the fluid conduit based on the magnetic flux data, wherein the electronic representation is stored in the memory.

METHOD FOR OPERATING A METAL DETECTOR AND METAL DETECTOR

The method, which serves for operating a metal detector that comprises a balanced coil system (2) with a transmitter coil (21) that is connected to a transmitter unit (1), which provides a transmitter signal (s1) with at least one fixed or selectable transmitter frequency (f TX) or a waveform comprising at least two different transmitter frequencies (f TX), and with a first and a second receiver coil (22, 23) that provide output signals to a receiver unit (3), which comprises a first phase detector (341) and a second phase detector (34Q), in which the output signals are compared with reference signals (S RI; S RQ) that correspond to the at least one transmitter frequency (f TX) and are offset to each other in phase in order to produce in-phase components (S3I) and quadrature components (S3Q) of the output signals, which are forwarded to a signal processing unit (4) that suppresses signal components originating from goods or noise and that further processes signal components originating ...

SUPER HIGH-SENSITIVITY MICRO MAGNETIC SENSOR

In order to improve the linearity of rising pulse detection to 0.5% or less to enhance magnetic sensitivity and linearity, which are advantages of rising pulse detection, this magnetic sensor has a configuration in which two magnetic wires (21, 22) are installed in one coil (3) and pulse currents are caused to flow in opposite directions therethrough. The magnetic wires (21, 22) have a two-phase magnetic domain structure which has an anisotropic magnetic field of 20 G or less, and has a surface magnetic domain having a circumferential spin arrangement, and a central core magnetic domain having a spin arrangement in an axial direction. Pulse currents having a frequency of 0.2 to 4.0 GHz, and having a strength necessary to generate circumferential magnetic fields at least 1.5 times the anisotropic magnetic field at the surface of the magnetic wires (21, 22), are applied to the magnetic wires (21, 22). Further, a coil pitch of the coil (3) is at most equal to 10 µm.

MOTION TRANSDUCER

A motion sensing transducer is disclosed that includes a case having an inner surface, a first cap that closes the case at a first end and a second cap that closes the case at a second end. The case inner surface, first cap and second cap define a space within the case. The apparatus further includes at least one inner plate member separating the space into at a first compartment and a second compartment within the case, a coil-magnet assembly that produces a signal when subjected to motion, the coil-magnet assembly disposed immediately within the case and in the first compartment, and an electronic circuit disposed within the second compartment that modifies the signal.

CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR REDUCING A MAGNETIC UNIDIRECTIONAL FLUX COMPONENT IN THE CORE OF A TRANSFORMER

A circuit arrangement for reducing a magnetic unidirectional flux component in a core of a transformer includes a measuring device that provides a sensor signal corresponding to the magnetic unidirectional flux component, a compensation coil magnetically coupled to the core of the transformer, and a semiconductor switching device which is electrically arranged in a current path in series with the compensation coil to feed a current into the compensation coil, such that current is directed opposite the unidirectional flux component, where the semiconductor switching device is controlled via a control signal provided by a controller, and includes an inductive voltage divider having a first impedance component arranged in a current circuit in series with the compensation coil and the semiconductor switching device and a second impedance component arranged in parallel with the semiconductor switching device, where the first impedance component is connected in parallel with a parallel resonant ...

MAGNETIC FIELD SENSOR FOR USE IN A SECURITY ALARM SYSTEM

A proximity sensor comprises a magnet which generates a magnetic field and a magnetic field sensor. The magnetic field sensor includes a radio and an antenna which can transmit an output signal on a plurality of output frequencies. A microprocessor is programmed with a plurality of data protocols. Each of the output frequencies operates on at least one of the data protocols. There is a dip switch which is actuated to provide a code to the microprocessor. A data protocol is implemented by the microprocessor based on the code. There is a MEMS oscillator programmed to a discrete frequency based on the data protocol implemented by the microprocessor. The MEMS oscillator provides the discrete frequency to the radio. The radio is provided with single phase-locked loop which generates the output signal based on the discrete frequency. The single phase- locked loop may be a x32 multiplier.

METAMATERIAL-BASED ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD MEASUREMENT DEVICE

An electromagnetic field measuring device utilizes metamaterials to manipulate electromagnetic fields. Such a device is useful in a variety of applications including, for example, downhole gradiometric ranging.

MINIATURE MAGNETIC SENSOR DEVICE USING AN INDUCTOR DEVICE

A magnetic sensor device comprising a magnetic element and a wire wound around the magnetic element. The magnetic element has a cross-sectional area of not more than 0.55 mm2 and a saturation magnetostriction constant ~s whose absolute value is smaller than 1x10-6, with Sw/Sm being equal to or smaller than 9, provided that Sw is the cross-sectional area of the wire and Sm is the cross-sectional area of the magnetic element. Preferably, the magnetic element has an elastic limit .sigma.m greater than 1,000 MPa, and the elongation the magnetic element experiences upon application of a stress equal to the elastic limit .sigma.m is between 1.0% and 5.0%. It is also preferable that the magnetic element and the wire are covered with a resin layer to form an integral unit.

RADIATOR CALIBRATION

A method for calibrating a magnetic field generator (40) including fixing one or more magnetic field sensors (20, 22, 24) to a probe (26) in known positions and orientations and selecting one or more known locations in the vicinity of the magnetic field generator. The magnetic field generator (40) is driven so as to generate a magnetic field. The probe (26) is moved in a predetermined, known orientation to each of the one or more locations, and signals are received from the one or more sensors at each of the one or more locations. The signals are processed to measure the amplitude and direction of the magnetic field, at the respective positions of the one or more sensors and to determine calibration factors relating to the amplitude and direction of the magnetic field in the vicinity of the magnetic field generator.

Auf der Wirkung des erdmagnetischen Feldes beruhender Kompass.

Messeinrichtung zur Erfassung von Bewegungen der felderregenden Teile eines elektromagnetischen Kreises

Energiewandler insbesondere für eine Mess- und/oder eine Steuereinrichtung, zur Umsetzung eines vorgegebenen Eingangsmagnetflusses in elektrische Ausgangsgrössen

Vorrichtung für die Umwandlung von Energie einer Form in Energie einer anderen Form

SWITCHING CONFIGURATION FOR THE EDUCATION OF AN ELECTRICAL SIZE, WHICH IS A RIVER COMPONENT IN AN INDUCTION MACHINE PROPORTIONAL.

DETECTING DEVICE OF MAGNETIC FIELD FOR CLOCK ELEMENT.

Detection and alarm device for detecting a predetermined variation of the current in a DC electric circuit

The device detects a predetermined variation of the current in a DC circuit and, by illuminating an alarm lamp, gives a warning of any malfunctioning. Such malfunctioning may arise either from a variation in voltage or from a variation in the circuit resistance. The device comprises a current coil (BI) wound on a reed switch (IA) and a permanent magnet (AP). The magnetic fields of (BI) and (AP) oppose each other and cancel each other out when everything is normal, but in the event of any malfunctioning one of the fields is predominant and actuates the reed switch, causing an alarm lamp (LA) to be illuminated. ...

PROCEDURE FOR MEASURING A MAGNETIC FIELD AND A MECHANISM FOR THE EXECUTION OF THE PROCEDURE.

SWITCHING CONFIGURATION FOR THE COMPENSATION OF FLUCTUATIONS OF THE TRANSFER FUNCTION OF A MAGNETIC FIELD SENSOR.

CIRCUIT WITH MAGNETIC FIELD SENSOR FOR MEASURING A MAGNETIC FIELD.

SWITCHING CONFIGURATION FOR THE COMPENSATION OF FLUCTUATIONS OF THE TRANSFER FUNCTION OF A LINEAR MAGNETIC FIELD SENSOR.

Method for measuring electric current.

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Messung von elektrischem Strom mit: einem ersten Steuerprozess zum Ablenken eines Abfühlstroms in eine negative Magnetisierungsrichtung unter der Bedingung, dass ein Kern (310) in einer positiven Magnetisierungsrichtung magnetisch gesättigt ist; einem zweiten Steuerprozess zum Ablenken des Abfühlstroms in die positive Magnetisierungsrichtung unter der Bedingung, dass der Kern in der negativen Magnetisierungsrichtung magnetisch gesättigt ist; einem ersten Spezifizierungsprozess zum Spezifizieren eines Wertes des Abfühlstroms, wenn der Kern im ersten Steuerprozess auf der Basis einer ersten Sättigungszeit entmagnetisiert wird; einem zweiten Spezifizierungsprozess zum Spezifizieren eines Wertes des Abfühlstroms, wenn der Kern im zweiten Steuerprozess auf der Basis einer zweiten Sättigungszeit entmagnetisiert wird; und einem Berechnungsprozess zum Berechnen eines Wertes eines elektrischen Zielstroms auf der Basis der spezifizierten Stromwerte, wobei ...

Procedure for the measurement of electric current.

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Messung von elektrischem Strom mit: einem ersten Steuerprozess zum Ablenken eines Abfühlstroms in eine negative Magnetisierungsrichtung unter der Bedingung, dass ein Kern (310) in einer positiven Magnetisierungsrichtung magnetisch gesättigt ist; einem zweiten Steuerprozess zum Ablenken des Abfühlstroms in die positive Magnetisierungsrichtung unter der Bedingung, dass der Kern in der negativen Magnetisierungsrichtung magnetisch gesättigt ist; einem ersten Spezifizierungsprozess zum Spezifizieren eines Wertes des Abfühlstroms, wenn der Kern im ersten Steuerprozess auf der Basis einer ersten Sättigungszeit entmagnetisiert wird; einem zweiten Spezifizierungsprozess zum Spezifizieren eines Wertes des Abfühlstroms, wenn der Kern im zweiten Steuerprozess auf der Basis einer zweiten Sättigungszeit entmagnetisiert wird; und einem Berechnungsprozess zum Berechnen eines Wertes eines elektrischen Zielstroms auf der Basis der spezifizierten Stromwerte, wobei ...

CONFIGURATION OF SENSORS IN THE MAGNETOMETER OF MEDICINAL PURPOSE

SAMOKALIBRUYuShchAYaSYa SELF-CONTAINED MAGNETIC OBSERVATORY

Based on work cyclic frequency multiplexing electromagnetic signal or the position of the direction determining

使用磁阻抗元件的过载电流保护设备

... 一种过载电流保护设备，用于在发生过载时通过接触器(开关)(2)切断从电源提供给诸如电动机的负载(3)的电源，其中，把具有磁阻抗(MI)效应的MI元件作为电流检测器(4a、4b和4c)安装在能够检测流经电源变压器(5a、5b和5c)的次级绕组的电流的位置上，电源变压器(5a、5b和5c)产生控制电源，从而无需使用恒压电源，能够减少成本，并消除了由铁芯导致的磁饱和，从而扩展了电流检测范围，避免了传统电流互感器中存在的问题，从而提供了一种低成本、高精度的具有宽电流检测范围的过载电流保护设备。 ...

The magnetic device and manufacturing method thereof

PROBE OF MEASUREMENT Of a Magnetic field.

ELEMENT OF SUPPORT FOR MAGNETOMETER OR SIMILAR APPARATUS

DISPOSITIF POUR LA CONVERSION DE L'INTENSITE D'UN CHAMP MAGNETIQUE OU ELECTROMAGNETIQUE EN UN SIGNAL ELECTRIQUE

L'INVENTION CONCERNE LES CONVERTISSEURS ELECTROMAGNETIQUES. LE DISPOSITIF FAISANT L'OBJET DE L'INVENTION EST DU TYPE COMPORTANT DES ELEMENTS MOBILES SOUS FORME DE LAMES FERROMAGNETIQUES FIXEES RIGIDEMENT DANS DES SUPPORTS ET UN ELEMENT SENSIBLE AUX DEPLACEMENTS RELATIFS DES EXTREMITES LIBRES DES LAMES FERROMAGNETIQUES, ET EST CARACTERISE EN CE QUE L'ELEMENT SENSIBLE EST REALISE SOUS FORME D'AU MOINS UNE RESISTANCE EXTENSOMETRIQUE 5 PLACEE DANS LA ZONE DE DEFORMATION, A PROXIMITE IMMEDIATE DE L'ENDROIT DE FIXATION DE LA LAME FERROMAGNETIQUE 1 DANS SON SUPPORT 3. L'INVENTION PERMET DE PERFECTIONNER L'ELEMENT SENSIBLE AU DEPLACEMENT RELATIF DES EXTREMITES DES LAMES FERROMAGNETIQUES.

PROCEDE ET DISPOSITIF DE MESURE D'UN CHAMP MAGNETIQUE

DISPOSITIF DE MESURE D'UN CHAMP MAGNETIQUE, CONSTITUE PAR UNE PREMIERE BOUCLE DE REGULATION ELECTROMAGNETIQUE ET UNE SECONDE BOUCLE DE REGULATION ELECTRIQUE, ALTERNATIVEMENT EN SERVICE. UN CAPTEUR 2 MESURE LA DIFFERENCE ENTRE LE CHAMP A MESURER H ET UN CHAMP COMPENSATEUR H, QU'UN COMMUTATEUR 3 APPLIQUE A LA PREMIERE OU A LA SECONDE BOUCLE. LA PREMIERE BOUCLE 2; 8B; 3B; 4; 5 REGLE, PAR UN PREMIER REGULATEUR 4, UN COURANT COMPENSATEUR I CIRCULANT DANS UNE BOBINE 5 ET PRODUISANT AINSI LE CHAMP H, DE FACON QUE LA TENSION U SOIT NULLE A LA SORTIE DU CAPTEUR 2. LA SECONDE BOUCLE 2; 8B; 3C; 9 DETERMINE ET ASSERVIT LE POINT DE FONCTIONNEMENT DU CAPTEUR 2 DE FACON QUE LE CHAMP H SOIT EGAL A LA SOMME DU CHAMP H ET D'UN CHAMP APPARENT, EGAL A UN MULTIPLE D'UNE VALEUR DE REFERENCE PREDETERMINEE H DU CHAMP H, CORRIGE DE LA VALEUR D'ACTION DE TOUTES LES TENSIONS DE "DERIVE" PRESENTES DANS LA SECONDE BOUCLE DE REGULATION ELECTRIQUE.

DETECTEUR DE CHAMP MAGNETIQUE

L'INVENTION CONCERNE UN DETECTEUR DE CHAMP MAGNETIQUE. CE DETECTEUR SE CARACTERISE EN CE QU'IL COMPORTE UN CIRCUIT MAGNETIQUE EN FORME DE TORE COMPRENANT UN NOYAU FERROMAGNETIQUE PLACE SUR UN SUPPORT EN UN MATERIAU AMAGNETIQUE ET UN ENROULEMENT CONDUCTEUR AUTOUR DUDIT NOYAU, DES MOYENS POUR ALIMENTER LEDIT ENROULEMENT PAR UN COURANT PERIODIQUE TEL QU'EN L'ABSENCE DUDIT CHAMP LE NOYAU NE SOIT PAS SATURE ET DES MOYENS POUR MESURER AUX BORNES DUDIT ENROULEMENT LA CHUTE DE POTENTIEL CREEE PAR LEDIT CHAMP. APPLICATION A LA MESURE DU DEPLACEMENT ET A LA VITESSE DE DEPLACEMENT D'UN ORGANE.

DEVICE FOR DETECTING A MAGNETIC FIELD USING A MAGNETIC CIRCUIT IN SOFT MAGNETIC ALLOY AND CONTROL SYSTEM OF A MAGNETIC FIELD HAVING THE DEVICE.

Устройство для диагностики магнитной силы на разных расстояниях от полюсной поверхности

Полезная модель относится к измерительной технике и предназначена для диагностики магнитной силы на разном расстоянии от полюсных поверхностей намагниченных тел: постоянных магнитов, магнитных сердечников, рабочих элементов аппаратов магнитного разделения материалов и пр. Включает принудительно перемещаемое по отношению к диагностируемой полюсной поверхности и взаимодействующее с ним посредством магнитного поля контрольное ферромагнитное тело, неферромагнитный держатель, систему его перемещения, а также измеритель силы. При этом система перемещения держателя выполнена с возможностью осуществления его непрерывного перемещения посредством использования, например, синхронного бесщёточного электродвигателя, а держатель содержит тензодатчик диагностируемой силы для фиксации усилия на изгиб или сжатие, растяжение. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 208 114 U1 (51) МПК G01R 33/02 (2006.01) B03C 1/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК G01R 33/02 (2021.08) (21)(22) Заявка: 2021119525, 02.07.2021 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 03.12.2021 (45) Опубликовано: 03.12.2021 Бюл. № 34 (54) Устройство для диагностики магнитной силы на разных расстояниях от полюсной поверхности (57) Реферат: Полезная модель относится к измерительной магнитного поля контрольное ферромагнитное технике и предназначена для диагностики тело, неферромагнитный держатель, систему его магнитной силы на разном расстоянии от перемещения, а также измеритель силы. При этом полюсных поверхностей намагниченных тел: система перемещения держателя выполнена с постоянных магнитов, магнитных сердечников, возможностью осуществления его непрерывного рабочих элементов аппаратов магнитного перемещения посредством использования, разделения материалов и пр. Включает например, синхронного бесщёточного принудительно перемещаемое по отношению к электродвигателя, а держатель содержит диагностируемой полюсной ...

Micromachined resonant magnetic field sensors

A micromachined magnetic field sensor comprising is disclosed. The micromachined magnetic field comprises a substrate; a drive subsystem, the drive subsystem comprises a plurality of beams, and at least one anchor connected to the substrate; a mechanism for providing an electrical current through the drive subsystem along a first axis; and Lorentz force acting on the drive subsystem along a second axis in response to a magnetic field along a third axis. The micromachined magnetic field sensor also includes a sense subsystem, the sense subsystem comprises a plurality of beams, and at least one anchor connected to the substrate; wherein a portion of the sense subsystem moves along a fourth axis; a coupling spring between the drive subsystem and the sense subsystem which causes motion of the sense subsystem in response to the magnetic field; and a position transducer to detect the motion of the sense subsystem.

Sensor system and method for use with an automated guided vehicle (agv)

A sensor system for use with an automated guided vehicle (AGV) includes a plurality of sensor units electronically coupled to a sensor control module via parallel communications. Each sensor unit may include a sensor array having a plurality of sensor elements, a conditioning circuit having one or more filter/amplifiers, and a conversion circuit. The sensor control module may be configured to communicate with other AGV components via serial communications. The sensor system is capable of obtaining and storing sensor readings with or without associated offset values and can use the sensor readings to determine the center of a magnetic field using methods that require relatively little processing power. A method of calibrating the sensor system may include determining and storing offset values for a plurality of sensor elements and may be performed with the sensor system installed or uninstalled to the AGV.

Monolithic tri-axis amr sensor and manufacturing method thereof

A monolithic tri-axis anisotropic magnetoresistive (AMR) sensor and the method of manufacturing of the AMR sensor are presented. In one embodiment, the monolithic tri-axis AMR sensor includes (a) a substrate, (b) a first horizontal direction sensor disposed on the substrate, (c) a second horizontal direction sensor disposed on the substrate, (d) a third horizontal direction sensor disposed on the substrate, and (e) a flux concentrator disposed on the third horizontal direction sensor, wherein the flux concentrator is in cooperation with the third horizontal direction sensor to realize a function of a Z-axis sensor, such that the Z-axis direction can be effectively measured. The integration of the tri-axis AMR sensor is therefore accomplished. In addition, the integrated tri-axis AMR sensor has low production cost and improved reliability.

Multiple dimension position sensor

An apparatus including a controller, a workpiece transport in communication with the controller having a movable portion and a transport path, and a multi-dimensional position measurement device including at least one field generating platen attached to the movable portion and at least one sensor group positioned along the transport path and in communication with the controller, the field generating platen is configured for position measurement and propelling the movable portion, each sensor in the at least one sensor group is configured to provide but one output signal along a single axis corresponding to a sensed field generated by the at least one field generating platen and the controller is configured calculate a multi-dimensional position of the movable portion based on the but one output signal of at least one of the sensors in the at least one sensor group, the multi-dimensional position including a planar position and a gap measurement.

Method and system for a self-calibrated multi-magnetometer platform

A multi-magnetometer device comprises at least two z-axis aligned and physically rotated magnetometer triads utilized for measuring corresponding earth's magnetic field. The magnetic field measurements are utilized to measure rotation measurements of a single orthogonal axis along the 360 degrees of the complete circle without user's assistance and/or magnetometer movement for magnetometer calibration. The multi-magnetometer device may compute its magnetic heading utilizing the magnetic field measurements if no magnetic perturbations are detected. When magnetic perturbations are detected, a perturbation mitigation process may be performed. The rotation measurements may be generated by selectively combining the magnetic field measurements. Hard-iron components are determined utilizing the rotation measurements, and are removed from the magnetic field measurements. Soft-iron components are determined utilizing the hard-iron free magnetic field measurements, and are removed from the hard-iron free magnetic field measurements. The resulting perturbation free magnetic field measurements are utilized to compute magnetic heading.

Method and Apparatus for Monitoring Power Transmission in an Electric Power Transmission Network

An apparatus and method for measurement of power in an electric power transmission line and disturbances in a power grid is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a magnetic field sensor with at least two sensing coils for measuring the magnetic field at the electric power transmission line and transmitting magnetic field data to a processor. The magnetic field sensor is arranged proximate to but at a distance from the electric power transmission line.

Method of measuring contact failure and contact failure measuring device

In the disclosed method of measuring contact failure and contact failure measuring device, the magnitude of the excessive response fluctuation of the inductive magnetic field around a harness under measurement when an external force is applied to a terminal fitting part of the harness is detected by a magnetic sensor, and the result is displayed as an index of the quality of the contact state of the terminal fitting part.

Potential obtaining apparatus, magnetic field microscope, inspection apparatus, and potential obtaining method

In a magnetic field obtaining apparatus, a measuring part ( 21 ) that is sufficiently longer than the width of an area to be measured is disposed on a measurement plane that satisfies z=α, and scanning in an X′ direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the measuring part ( 21 ) is repeated while changing an angle θ formed by a predetermined reference direction on the measurement plane and the longitudinal direction of the measuring part ( 21 ) to a plurality of angles. Assuming that x′ is a coordinate parameter in the X′ direction, measured values f(x′, θ) obtained by repetitions of the scanning are Fourier transformed so as to obtain g(k x′ , θ) (where k x′ is a wavenumber in the X′ direction). Then, g(k x′ , θ) is substituted into a predetermined two-dimensional potential obtaining equation so as to obtain φ(x, y, α) that indicates a two-dimensional potential on the measurement plane. Accordingly, it is possible to perform high-resolution two-dimensional potential measurement as a result of using the measuring part ( 21 ) that is sufficiently larger than the width of an area to be measured.

Magnetometer bias and anomaly detector

The computer implemented method, system or computer program product comprises collecting magnetometer data from the device; and calculating a center of a shape of the magnetometer data as a result of minimization. The minimization of calculating the center of the shape further comprises calculating a plurality of running sums of the magnetometer data; storing the plurality of running sums; storing a count of the number of terms in each of the running sums; and calculating the center of the shape and setting the estimated magnetometer bias to the center of the shape. The radius of the sphere is calculated to ensure accuracy in the estimator of the magnetometer bias.

NON-CONTACT CURRENT AND VOLTAGE SENSING CLAMP

A clamping current and voltage sensor provides an isolated and convenient technique for measuring current passing through a conductor such as an AC branch circuit wire, as well as providing an indication of an electrostatic potential on the wire, which can be used to indicate the phase of the voltage on the wire, and optionally a magnitude of the voltage. The device includes a body formed from two handle portions that contain the current and voltage sensors within an aperture at the distal end, which may be a ferrite cylinder with a hall effect sensor disposed in a gap along the circumference to measure current, or alternatively a winding provided through the cylinder along its axis and a capacitive plate or wire disposed adjacent to, or within, the ferrite cylinder to provide the indication of the voltage. When the handles are compressed the aperture is opened to permit insertion of a wire for measurement. 1. A sensor for sensing an electric potential on a wire of a power distribution system and a current passing through the wire , the sensor comprising:a sensor clamp body including a pair of handles disposed at a proximal end thereof and a hinge mechanism coupling the pair of handles, so that compressing the pair of handles opens an aperture at a distal end of the sensor clamp body for receiving the wire, and wherein the hinge mechanism includes a restoring spring to close the aperture around the wire when the pair of handles is released;a current-sensing device disposed within the sensor clamp body for providing a first output indicative of the current passing through the wire; anda voltage-sensing device integrated in the sensor clamp body for providing a second output indicative of the electric potential on the wire, wherein the voltage-sensing device and the current-sensing device do not make electrical contact with the wire.2. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the voltage-sensing device comprises at least one metal cylinder portion disposed within the aperture ...

Magnetic Field Sensor and Method Used in a Magnetic Field Sensor That Adjusts a Sensitivity and/or an Offset Over Temperature

A magnetic field sensor and a method associated with the magnetic field sensor provide gain correction coefficients and/or offset correction coefficients stored in the magnetic field sensor in digital form. The gain correction coefficients and/or offset correction coefficients can be used to generate analog control signals to control a sensitivity and/or an offset of an analog signal path through the magnetic field sensor. 1. A magnetic field sensor , comprising:a magnetic field sensing element configured to generate a magnetic field signal;a gain adjustable analog circuit coupled to receive a signal representative of the magnetic field signal, coupled to receive a gain control signal, and configured to generate a gain adjusted signal having a gain responsive to the gain control signal;a coefficient table memory configured to receive and store a plurality of gain correction coefficients, wherein pairs of the plurality of gain correction coefficients are associated with boundaries of respective temperature segments, each temperature segment bounded by a pair of temperatures, wherein temperature boundaries of the temperature segments are unequally spaced;a temperature sensor configured to generate a temperature signal representative of a temperature; anda segment processor coupled to receive a signal representative of the temperature signal, configured to identify a temperature segment in which the temperature represented by the temperature signal is lies, coupled to receive a pair of gain correction coefficients associated with the identified temperature segment, and configured to interpolate between the pair of gain correction coefficients in accordance with the temperature signal to generate an interpolated gain correction value, wherein the gain control signal is related to the interpolated gain correction value.2. The magnetic field sensor of claim 1 , further comprising a user gain correction value register coupled to receive a user gain correction value claim 1 ...

Magnetic nano-multilayers for magnetic sensors and manufacturing method thereof

The invention discloses a magnetic nano-multilayers structure and the method for making it. The multilayer film includes—sequentially from one end to the other end—a substrate, a bottom layer, a magnetic reference layer, a space layer, a magnetic detecting layer and a cap layer. The, up-stated structure is for convert the information of the rotation of the magnetic moment of the magnetic detecting layer into electrical signals. The magnetic detecting layer is of a pinning structure to react to the magnetic field under detection. On the other hand, the invention sandwiches an intervening layer between the AFM and the FM to mitigate the pinning effect from the exchange bias. Moreover, the thickness of the intervening layer is adjustable to control the pinning effect from the exchange bias. The controllability ensures that the magnetic moments of the magnetic reference layer and the magnetic detecting layer remain at right angles to each other when the external field is zero. The invention achieves a GMR or TMR magnetic sensor exhibiting a linear response and by tuning the thickness of the non-magnetic metallic layer, the sensitivity as well as the detecting range of the devices can be tuned easily.

Eddy current array probe

Present embodiments include eddy current array probes having differential coils capable of detecting both long and short flaws in a test specimen and, additionally or alternatively, multiplexed drive coils. For example, an eddy current array probe may include a first plurality of eddy current channels disposed in a first row and a second plurality of eddy current channels disposed in a second row. The first plurality and second plurality of eddy current channels overlap in a first direction but do not overlap in a second direction. The probe also includes a semi-circular drive coil disposed proximate to the first plurality and second plurality of eddy current channels and configured to generate a probing magnetic field for each sense coil of the eddy current channels.

Magnetic field sensor including an anisotropic magnetoresistive magnetic sensor and a hall magnetic sensor

A magnetic field sensor, including a Hall magnetic sensor, formed within a first die and configured to detect a first magnetic field, and a first anisotropic magnetoresistive magnetic sensor, having a first anisotropic magnetoresistive transducer, formed within a second die and configured to generate an electrical measurement quantity as a function of a second magnetic field. An electronic reading circuit formed within the first die, is electrically connected to the first anisotropic magnetoresistive transducer, and provides a first measure indicating the second magnetic field, on the basis of the electrical measurement quantity. The first and second dice are fixed with respect to one another and have main surfaces parallel to the same reference plane. The first magnetic field being oriented in a first direction perpendicular to the reference plane and the second magnetic field being oriented in a second direction parallel to the reference plane.

MAGNETIC-FIELD DETECTION MICROCOMPUTER AND MAGNETIC-FIELD DETECTION METHOD

A magnetic-field detection microcomputer includes: a magnetic-field detection device; a differential amplifier; a variable voltage circuit which generates a reference voltage that is variable; a comparator which compares an output from the differential amplifier with the reference voltage; a register which outputs a voltage control value to the variable voltage circuit; a ROM which previously store a first table in which a magnetic-field intensity and the voltage control value are associated with each other; and a CPU which sets, to the register, the voltage control value, and determines presence or absence of the magnetic-field intensity associated with the voltage control value based on a result of the comparison by the comparator and the first table. 1. A magnetic-field detection microcomputer comprising:a magnetic-field detection device which detects a magnetic field;a differential amplifier which amplifies an output voltage from the magnetic-field detection device;a variable voltage circuit which generates, according to a voltage control signal, a reference voltage that is variable;a comparator which compares an output from the differential amplifier with the reference voltage generated by the variable voltage circuit;a voltage controlling register which holds a voltage control value for controlling a level of the reference voltage generated by the variable voltage circuit, and outputs the voltage control signal having the voltage control value to the variable voltage circuit;a storage unit configured to previously store a first table in which a magnetic-field intensity indicating an intensity of the magnetic field to be applied to the magnetic-field detection device and the voltage control value are associated with each other; anda central processing unit (CPU) configured to set, to the voltage controlling register, the voltage control value corresponding to a magnetic field to be detected, and to determine presence or absence of the magnetic-field intensity ...

Inductively interrogated passive sensor apparatus

A sensor apparatus comprises a first magnetic transducer which in use is positioned on a first side of a barrier and a second magnetic transducer which in use is positioned on a second side of the barrier opposite the first side. The second transducer comprises a magnetic or electrical property which is dependent upon a sensible condition on the second side of the barrier, such as the pressure or temperature on the second side of the barrier. In operation, the first transducer generates a first magnetic field which induces the second transducer to generate a second magnetic field that is dependent upon the magnetic or electrical property of the second transducer. The first transducer detects the second magnetic field and generates a signal which is representative of the sensible condition on the second side of the barrier.

METHOD OF ESTIMATING THE RESIDUAL MAGNETIC FLUX OF TRANSFORMER AND RESIDUAL MAGNETIC FLUX ESTIMATION DEVICE

A residual magnetic flux estimation device includes a DC power-source control device which controls a DC power source to apply a DC voltage across two terminals of a Δ connection that is a secondary winding or a tertiary winding, a voltage measuring device which measures a terminal voltage at the primary side of a three-phase transformer a computing device that determines a phase having a high voltage between the two phases other than the phase to which the voltage is applied, and a residual magnetic flux measuring device that measures a phase-to-phase residual magnetic flux between the two phases other than the high-voltage phase, and estimates a measured value of the phase-to-phase residual magnetic flux as a maximum residual magnetic flux in the measurement-target three-phase transformer. 1. A residual magnetic flux estimating method of a transformer , the method comprising:a step for applying, to a three-phase transformer having a primary winding connected to a Y connection and a secondary winding or a tertiary winding subjected to a Δ connection, a DC voltage to a phase connected between predetermined two terminals of the Δ connection;a step for measuring terminal voltages of two phases other than the phase to which the DC voltage is applied at a primary side of the three-phase transformer;a step for determining a phase having a higher measured terminal voltage as a high-voltage phase between the two phases where the terminal voltages are measured; anda step for measuring a phase-to-phase residual magnetic flux between the two phases other than the high-voltage phase and estimating the phase-to-phase residual magnetic flux as a maximum residual magnetic flux in the measurement-target three-phase transformer.2. A residual magnetic flux estimating method of a transformer , the method comprising:a step for applying, to a three-phase transformer having a primary winding connected to a Y connection and a secondary winding or a tertiary winding subjected to a Δ ...

Detecting device, detecting system, power transmitting device, noncontact power transmission system, and detecting method

A detecting device includes a reading coil configured to read a magnetic flux generated by a detecting coil for detecting a magnetic field of an electromagnetic wave output from an exciting coil according to the magnetic field. The detecting device further includes a Q-value measuring section configured to measure a Q-value of the detecting coil on a basis of a temporal transition of oscillation of a voltage obtained in the reading coil according to the magnetic flux generated by the detecting coil.

Sensor Package and Method for Producing a Sensor Package

Some embodiments herein relate to a sensor package. The sensor package includes a printed circuit board with a laminar current conductor arranged on a first main surface of the printed circuit board. The sensor package also includes a sensor chip adapted to measure a current flowing through the laminar current conductor, wherein the sensor chip comprises a magnetic field sensor. The sensor chip is electrically insulated from the current conductor by the printed circuit board, and is arranged on a second main surface of the printed circuit board opposite to the first main surface. The sensor chip is hermetically sealed between the mold material and the printed circuit board, or is arranged in the printed circuit board and hermetically sealed by the printed circuit board. 1. A sensor package , comprising:a current conductor;a sensor chip arranged adapted to measure a current flowing through the current conductor, the sensor chip comprising a magnetic field sensor; anda printed circuit board arranged between at least a part of the current conductor and at least a part of the sensor chip;wherein the sensor chip is sealed between a mold material and the printed circuit board, or wherein the sensor chip is sealed within the printed circuit board.2. The sensor package of claim 1 , wherein the sensor chip is flip-chip mounted or face-up mounted.3. The sensor package of claim 1 , wherein the sensor chip is arranged on a main surface of the printed circuit board claim 1 , and wherein the main surface of the printed circuit board comprises alignment structures or alignment marks for aligning of the sensor chip.4. The sensor package according to claim 1 , wherein the current conductor comprises a laminar current conductor.5. The sensor package according to claim 1 , wherein the current conductor comprises a planar current conductor.6. The sensor package according to claim 1 , wherein the lateral dimensions of the current conductor are larger than the vertical dimension of the ...

MAGNETIC SENSOR FOR IMPROVING HYSTERESIS AND LINEARITY

A magnetic sensor includes a non-bias structure element section that has a laminated structure in which a fixed magnetic layer, a non-magnetic material layer, a free magnetic layer, and a protection layer are laminated, and that is extended in an X1-X2 direction; and soft magnetic bodies that are arranged on the element section in a contactless manner. The soft magnetic bodies include a first section, a second section, and a third section. The second section is located on a Y2 side of the element section and the third section is located on a Y1 side thereof. The second section of one of soft magnetic bodies faces the third section of the other soft magnetic body in a Y1-Y2 direction through the element section. An electrode layer is provided on the element section which faces the joint sections of the second section and the third section in the Y1-Y2 direction. 1. A magnetic sensor comprising:a non-bias structured element section that has a laminated structure in which, from a bottom, a fixed magnetic layer, a non-magnetic material layer, a free magnetic layer, and a protection layer are laminated in order or in which, from the bottom, the free magnetic layer, the non-magnetic material layer, the fixed magnetic layer, and the protection layer are laminated in order, and that is formed in such a way as to be extended in an X1-X2 direction; anda plurality of soft magnetic bodies that are arranged on the element section in a contactless manner,wherein a sensitivity axis direction of the element section is a Y1-Y2 direction which is perpendicular to the X1-X2 direction,wherein each of the soft magnetic bodies is extended in the Y1-Y2 direction, and includes a first section which faces the element section in a thickness direction in a contactless manner, a second section which is extended from a Y2 side end portion of the first section to the X1 direction and is arranged on the Y2 side of the element section in a plan view, and a third section which is extended from a Y1 ...

Method for measuring current in an electric network

A method for measuring current in an electric network comprising at least one first electric line. The method includes fitting the first line with a circuit breaker having a protection coil and having a wall traversed by a magnetic field emitted by the protection coil; arranging on the wall of the circuit breaker a synchronous three-axis digital magnetometer on a semiconductor chip; by way of the digital magnetometer, measuring at least one component of a magnetic field emitted by the coil; and determining the value of a current traversing the electric line from the measured component.

3D MEMS MAGNETOMETER

A micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) magnetometer includes first fixed electrodes, second fixed electrodes, a mobile element to rotate about a first rotation axis along a first direction and translate along a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, mobile electrodes extending from the first mobile element and being interdigitated with the first fixed electrodes to form first sensor assemblies, a rotation element coupled to the mobile element to rotate about a second rotation axis along the second direction, the rotation element having a surface opposite the second fixed electrodes to form second sensor assemblies, the second fixed electrode being displaced from the surface of the rotation element along a third direction, and a trace having sections along the first direction and offset from the first rotation axis and along the second direction and offset from the second rotation axis. 1. A micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) magnetometer , comprising:first fixed electrodes;second fixed electrodes;a mobile element to rotate about a first rotation axis along a first direction and translate along a second direction orthogonal to the first direction;mobile electrodes extending from the first mobile element and being interdigitated with the first fixed electrodes to form one or more first sensor assemblies;a rotation element to rotate about a second rotation axis along the second direction, the rotation element having a surface opposite the second fixed electrodes to form one or more second sensor assemblies, the second fixed electrode being displaced from the surface of the rotation element along a third direction orthogonal to the first and the second directions; anda trace on but insulated from the mobile element and the rotation element, the trace comprising:one or more first sections along the first direction and offset from the first rotation axis; andone or more second sections along the second direction and offset from the second rotation axis. ...

Compass calibration

A system, method, and computer program product are provided for calibrating a sensor device, such as an accelerometer, gyroscope, and/or magnetometer. The sensor device provides measurements, and a determination if the sensor device is in a steady state is made based at least partly on the measurements. If the sensor device is in a steady state then measurement data is stored in a memory, and the sensor device is calibrated at least partly with the stored data. A set of such steady points is gathered with the sensor device in various spatial orientations, preferably with the steady point orientations spaced appropriately apart to ensure precise calibration throughout the range of possible orientations. Calibration parameters are determined by fitting the set of steady point measurements to an ellipsoid. Active audio and visual guidance may be provided to a user to assist with orienting the sensor device during calibration.

Arrangements For An Integrated Sensor

An integrated circuit can have a first substrate supporting a magnetic field sensing element and a second substrate supporting another magnetic field sensing element. The first and second substrates can be arranged in a variety of configurations. Another integrated circuit can have a first magnetic field sensing element and second different magnetic field sensing element disposed on surfaces thereof.

ELECTRIC CURRENT MEASUREMENT METHOD

An electric current measurement method is provided with: a first controlling process of sweeping a sensing current in a negative magnetization direction in a condition that a core is saturated magnetically in a positive magnetization direction; a second controlling process of sweeping the sensing current in the positive magnetization direction in a condition that the core is saturated magnetically in the negative magnetization direction; a first specifying process of specifying a value of the sensing current if the core is demagnetized in the first controlling process; a second specifying process of specifying a value of the sensing current if the core is demagnetized in the second controlling process; and a calculating process of calculating a value of a target electric current on the basis of the specified current values, the first and second controlling processes being performed repeatedly. 1. An electric current measurement method for measuring a target electric current on a magnetic current sensor , the magnetic current sensor comprising: a core in which a magnetic flux density changes depending on the target electric current; an electrically conductive device capable of changing the magnetic flux density of the core depending on a sensing current; and an adjusting device capable of controlling a direction of the sensing current , said electric current measurement method comprising:a first controlling process of sweeping the sensing current toward in a negative magnetization direction in a condition that the core is saturated magnetically in a positive magnetization direction due to the target electric current;a first detecting process of detecting the magnetic saturation of the core in the negative magnetization direction due to the first controlling process;a second controlling process of sweeping the sensing current toward in the positive magnetization direction if the magnetic saturation of the core in the negative magnetization direction is detected due to ...

Position sensor

Position sensor ( 10 ) for determining a linear position in a sensing direction, e.g. for application in a vacuum actuator. The position sensor ( 10 ) has a first sensor part and a second sensor part moveable with respect to each other. The first sensor part comprises an annular magnet ( 2 ) and a magnetic field sensor ( 3 ) positioned at a first distance (l 1 ) from the annular magnet on the magnet axis ( 1 a ). The second sensor part comprises a flux shaper ( 1 ) moveable through the annular magnet ( 2 ) along the sensing direction between a first and a second position, in the first position the flux shaper being substantially at the first distance (l 1 ) from the magnetic field sensor ( 3 ). The flux shaper is arranged to influence the magnetic field in a space between the annular magnet ( 2 ) and the magnetic field sensor ( 3 ).

THREE AXIS MAGNETIC SENSOR DEVICE AND METHOD

A method and structure for a three-axis magnetic field sensing device is provided. The device includes a substrate, an IC layer, and preferably three magnetic field sensors coupled to the IC layer. A nickel-iron magnetic field concentrator is also provided. 1. A device for sensing magnetic fields , the device comprising:a substrate member having a surface region;an integrated circuit (IC) layer spatially disposed overlying at least a portion of the surface region;a first magnetic field sensor element including at least a first material and configured to detect at least in a first direction, the first magnetic field sensor element being operably coupled to the IC layer;a second magnetic field sensor element including at least the first material and configured to detect at least in a second direction, the second magnetic field sensing element being operably coupled to the IC layer;a third magnetic field sensor element including at least the first material and configured to detect at least in a third direction, the third magnetic sensing element being operably coupled to the IC layer; andat least one magnetic field concentrator spatially formed overlying at least one portion of the surface region.2. The device of wherein the substrate member comprises a silicon material claim 1 , a dielectric material claim 1 , or a polymer.3. The device of wherein the substrate member has at least one portion patterned through a wet etching claim 1 , dry etching claim 1 , deep reactive-ion etching (DRIE) claim 1 , or mechanical process.4. The device of wherein the IC layer comprises a silicon material claim 1 , a dielectric material claim 1 , or a metal material.5. The device of wherein the IC layer comprises at least one IC device.6. The device of wherein the first claim 1 , second claim 1 , and third magnetic field sensor elements comprise ordinary magneto-resistive (OMR) devices claim 1 , anisotropic magneto-resistive (AMR) devices claim 1 , giant magneto-resistive (GMR) devices ...

METHOD FOR MEASURING A MAGNETIC FIELD USING MAGNETOELECTRIC SENSORS

A method for measuring a time-variant magnetic field using a magnetoelectric sensor having mechanical resonant frequency f, wherein the magnetic field has at least one component having harmonic time dependence with the measuring signal amplitude to be determined Hand the measuring signal frequency to be determined fin a known frequency interval f Подробнее

ELECTRIC CURRENT SENSOR

Disclosed is an electric current sensor, including a conducting wire, a core having a hole portion mating with the conducting wire and a gap communicating with the hole portion, and a magnetic sensor having a magnetic flux detection part arranged in the gap. 1. An electric current sensor , comprising:a conducting wire;a core having a hole portion mating with the conducting wire and a gap communicating with the hole portion; anda magnetic sensor having a magnetic flux detection part arranged in the gap.2. The electric current sensor as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:a supporting member configured to support the magnetic flux detection part.3. The electric current sensor as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the supporting member has a core supporting part configured to support the core.4. The electric current sensor as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the core has a pair of extending parts opposed to form the gap and the core supporting part has an extending part holding part configured to hold the pair of extending parts.5. The electric current sensor as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the extending part holding part has a box part configured to hold one extending part of the pair of extending parts.6. The electric current sensor as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the extending part holding part has a wall part configured to interpose and hold an extending part other than the one extending part among the pair of extending parts.7. The electric current sensor as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the extending part holding part has a protrusion part configured to press and hold the core.8. The electric current sensor as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the supporting member has a conducting wire supporting part configured to support the conducting wire.9. The electric current sensor as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the conducting wire supporting part has a mating site supporting part configured to support a conducting wire site mating with the hole portion.10. The electric current ...

Method For Guiding A Downhole Tool Assembly Using An Above-Ground Receiver System

A method and receiver system for identifying a location of a magnetic field source using two horizontally displaced tri-axial antennas. In a preferred embodiment two tri-axial antennas are positioned at opposite ends of a receiver frame. Each antenna detects in three dimensions a magnetic field from a source or transmitter. The receiver is maintained in a horizontal plane and the receiver is moved in the horizontal plane until a flux angle measured at each of the two points is zero so that the receiver is in the vertical plane perpendicular to the axis of the source. The depth and location of the source in three dimensions relative to the receiver is determined using the detected field values. The receiver is moved in a direction defined by a line containing the two points of the receiver until a magnitude of the magnetic field detected at each of the two points is substantially the same so that the receiver is positioned above the source. 1. A receiver system for identifying a location of a magnetic field source , the receiver comprising:a first triaxial antenna to detect a dipole magnetic field from the magnetic field source in three dimensions;a second triaxial antenna to detect the dipole magnetic field from the magnetic field source in three dimensions simultaneously with the first triaxial antenna; anda processor to receive an antenna signal from each of the first triaxial antenna and the second triaxial antenna and to determine the location of the magnetic field source using the antenna signals;wherein the first triaxial antenna and the second triaxial antenna are laterally displaced from each other a distance.2. The receiver system of further comprising an orientation sensor to detect an orientation of the first triaxial antenna and the second triaxial antenna.3. The receiver system of wherein the processor uses the orientation of the first and second triaxial antennas to determine the location of the magnetic field source.4. The receiver system of wherein ...

CURRENT SENSOR

A first magnetic sensor and a second magnetic sensor are disposed so that the main sensitivity axis direction of the first magnetic sensor is oriented in the direction of an induction magnetic field from a current flowing through a current line, the main sensitivity axis direction of the second magnetic sensor is oriented in a direction opposite to the direction of an induction magnetic field from the current flowing therethrough, the individual main sensitivity axis directions of the first and second magnetic sensors are oriented in a same direction, and the individual sub-sensitivity axis directions of the first and second magnetic sensors are oriented in the same directions as or directions opposite to the directions of the sub-sensitivity axis components of the induction magnetic fields to which the first and second magnetic sensors are individually subjected from a current flowing through an adjacent current line adjacent to the current line. 1. A current sensor comprising:a first magnetic sensor and a second magnetic sensor that are disposed around a current line through which a current to be measured flows and detect an induction magnetic field from a current flowing through the current line, each of the first magnetic sensor and the second magnetic sensor including a sub-sensitivity axis in a direction perpendicular to a main sensitivity axis, whereinthe first magnetic sensor and the second magnetic sensor are disposed so that a main sensitivity axis direction of the first magnetic sensor is oriented in a direction of an induction magnetic field from the current flowing through the current line, a main sensitivity axis direction of the second magnetic sensor is oriented in a direction opposite to a direction of an induction magnetic field from the current flowing through the current line, the individual main sensitivity axis directions of the first magnetic sensor and the second magnetic sensor are oriented in a same direction, and individual sub-sensitivity ...

Eddy current thermometer

A remote, noncontact temperature determination method and apparatus is provided, which is operable to determine the temperature of a conducting member in operative thermal communication with an object of interest. The method comprises the steps of first inducing a closed vortex eddy current in a conducting member by subjecting the member to a magnetic field, such that the corresponding eddy current magnitude changes exponentially over time. A characteristic time constant of the exponential current magnitude changes is then determined, and this is used to calculate the temperature of the object. The apparatus includes a field transmitting coil coupled with a waveform generator for inducing the eddy current, and a field receiving coil assembly which detects the corresponding induced magnetic. Temperature determinations can be made which are substantially independent of the relative distance and/or angular orientation between the conducting member and the field receiving coil assembly.

Magnetic field sensor

A magnetic field sensor having a first magnetic sensor core for measuring a magnetic field in a first measuring direction, and a second magnetic sensor core for measuring a magnetic field in a second measuring direction, the first and second magnetic sensor cores having a shared magnetic anisotropy.

Magnetic-field detecting device

A magnetic-field detecting device includes a pair of magneto-sensors including respective magnetism sensing portions that sense magnetism, and respective coils sensing changes of magnetic fluxes in the magnetism sensing portions, and an elongate connecting member cooperating with the magnetism sensing portions to constitute a magnetic circuit. A magnetism sensing direction of the magnetism sensing portions coincides with a longitudinal direction of the connecting member to an extent that permits the coils to equally sense a magnetic field applied to the coils the connecting member being formed of a magnetic material having a relative magnetic permeability of at least 100, a magnetic material having a relative magnetic permeability which is at least 1/100 of that of a magnetic material of the magnetism sensing portions, or the same magnetic material as the magnetism sensing portions the magnetic-field sensor measuring the magnetism on the basis of a difference between outputs of the coils.

DEVICE, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR METAL DETECTION

A metal detection device is described which enables, by means of a module for determining the variation in the magnetic field, the determination, in accordance with the variations in the magnetic field, of the nearby presence of metallic materials based on the interference produced by said presence in the magnetic field that surrounds the device described herein. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. (canceled)13. (canceled)14. (canceled)15. (canceled)16. Metal detection device comprising:at least one determining module for determining the magnetic field and adapted for determining at least one variable related to the magnetic field that surrounds the device; andat least one monitoring module for monitoring the magnetic field connected to the determining module and adapted for monitoring variations in the variable related to the magnetic field that surrounds the device determined by the determining module, said monitoring module comprising in turn data transmission means adapted for establishing a communication channel for transmitting data with the aforementioned monitoring module.17. The metal detection device of claim 1 , further comprising a power supply module connected to the modules adapted for supplying power to said modules.18. The metal detection device of claim 1 , wherein the two modules are integrated in a PCB.19. The metal detection device of claim 1 , wherein the module for determining the magnetic field is a digital compass adapted for indicating the existence of a variation in the magnetic field claim 1 , said variable being related to the magnetic field that surrounds the device.20. The metal detection device of claim 1 , wherein the monitoring module comprises a programmable device adapted to check the indication of the variation in the magnetic field determined by the module for determining the magnetic field every 0.12 seconds claim 1 , ...

Non-destructive inspection device for pressure containers using leakage-flux measurement

Provided is a non-destructive inspection device for pressure containers using leakage-flux measurement, including: a coil winding mount disposed at one side on an outside of the pressure container to magnetize the pressure container; a sensor support provided with a plurality of magnetic field sensing sensors arranged at the other side on the outside of the pressure container; a yoke magnetizing the pressure container to generate a magnetic flux in a direction vertical to a direction of the magnetic flux generated by the coil winding mount; an endoscope attached with at least one magnetic field sensing sensor, and the like.

MAGNETIC POLARITY DETERMINATION DEVICE, PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR CONTROL DEVICE, AND MAGNETIC POLARITY DETERMINATION METHOD

A control system for controlling a synchronous motor having a magnet in a rotor includes an inverter configured to output an AC current for driving the motor, a gate command generating unit configured to generate a gate command for controlling the inverter, a current detecting unit configured to detect the AC current output by the inverter, a magnetic pole position estimating unit configured to estimate a magnetic pole position based on the AC current detected by the current detecting unit and generate an estimation signal, a current command generating unit configured to generate a current command and an estimation command for controlling the inverter to output an AC current with a predetermined level, and a magnetic polarity determination unit configured to determine the polarity of the magnet based on the estimation signal. 1. A control system for controlling a synchronous motor having a magnet in a rotor , the control system comprising:an inverter configured to output an AC current for driving the synchronous motor;a gate command generating unit configured to generate a gate command for controlling the inverter;a current detecting unit configured to detect the AC current output by the inverter;a magnetic pole position estimating unit configured to estimate a magnetic pole position based on the AC current detected by the current detecting unit and generate an estimation signal;a current command generating unit configured to generate a current command and an estimation command for controlling the inverter to output an AC current with a predetermined level, wherein the estimation command is generated when estimating the magnetic pole position; anda magnetic polarity determination unit configured to calculate, based on the estimation signal, first data indicating an inductance value based on a positive d-axis current and second data indicating an inductance value based on a negative d-axis current, compare the first data and the second data, and determine one of the ...

POSITION DETECTION APPARATUS AND MANUFACTURING METHOD OF THE SAME

A position detection apparatus includes a magnetic generator, a magnetic detector, a storage, and a rotation angle calculator. The rotation angle calculator calculates a relative rotation angle of the magnetic generator with respect to the magnetic detector based on a voltage output from the magnetic detector and a relational expression of θ=sin((VH−c)/V)−b. In the relational expression, the relative rotation angle is defined as θ, the voltage output from the magnetic detector is defined as VH, a true maximum value of the voltage output from the magnetic detector is defined as V, a first true correction value is defined as b, and a second true correction value is defined as c. 1. A position detection apparatus comprising:a magnetic generator;a magnetic detector that outputs a voltage corresponding to a change of a magnetic flux density generated by a relative rotational movement between the magnetic detector and the magnetic generator;a storage that stores a relational expression indicating a relationship between a relative rotation angle of the magnetic generator with respect to the magnetic detector and the voltage output from the magnetic detector; anda rotation angle calculator electrically coupled to the magnetic detector and the storage, the rotation angle calculator calculating the relative rotation angle of the magnetic generator with respect to the magnetic detector based on the voltage output from the magnetic detector and the relational expression stored in the storage,{'sub': 0', '0, 'sup': '−1', 'wherein, when the relative rotation angle of the magnetic generator with respect to the magnetic detector is defined as θ, the voltage output from the magnetic detector corresponding to the rotation angle θ is defined as VH, a true maximum value of the voltage output from the magnetic detector is defined as V, a first true correction value that corrects a position shift of the magnetic generator with respect to the magnetic detector in a rotational direction of ...

Integrated multilayer magnetoresistive sensor and manufacturing method thereof

A magnetic-field sensor includes: a chip including a substrate having a first surface and an insulating layer covering the first surface; first and second magnetoresistors each extending into the insulating layer and having a main axis of magnetization and a secondary axis of magnetization; a first magnetic-field generator configured to generate a first magnetic field having field lines along the main axis of magnetization of the first magnetoresistor; a second magnetic-field generator configured to generate a second magnetic field having field lines along the main axis of magnetization of the second magnetoresistor. The main axes of magnetization extending transversely to each other and the secondary axes of magnetization extending transversely to each other. The first and second magnetoresistors extend into the insulating layer at a first distance and a second distance, respectively, that differ from one another, from the first surface.

Apparatus and method for the contactless detection of vehicles

An apparatus and a method for the contactless detection of vehicles via one or more magnetometers for measuring the geomagnetic field, in which at least one magnetometer includes a device for measuring the gravitational field. 1. An apparatus for the contactless detection of vehicles comprising one or more magnetometers for measuring the geomagnetic field , wherein the at least one magnetometer comprises a device for measuring the gravitational field and the apparatus further comprises one or more electronic evaluation modules that are equipped with an integrated circuit , a digital signal processor , a Field Programmable Gate Array or an Application Specific Integrated Circuit , and are connected to or integrated with the at least one magnetometer.2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the integrated circuit is a microprocessor.3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the apparatus comprises one or more groups of magnetometers claim 1 , each group comprising two claim 1 , three claim 1 , four or more magnetometers arranged at a distance from one another in a direction of travel that is prescribed by transport engineering.4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one electronic evaluation module comprises a nonvolatile digital memory.5. The apparatus as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the nonvolatile digital memory is a Flash EEPROM.6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each of the magnetometers comprises at least one magnetic field sensor and at least one gravitation sensor.7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6 , wherein each of the magnetometers comprises three magnetic field sensors that are arranged such that the output signals from the three magnetic field sensors are each proportional to the magnetic field strength in three spatial directions that are not coaxial with respect to one another.8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the three spatial directions are orthogonal with respect to one another.9. ...

METAL DETECTOR

A chute assembly () to deliver product to a former () of a packaging assembly. The chute assembly () includes a chute () that converges downwardly. Located adjacent the chute () is a metal detector () having a transmitting and receiving coils () of different diameters. The receiving coils () being adapted to provide a signal when metal is detected. 1. (canceled)2. The chute combination claim 21 , wherein said distance is a radius from said axis claim 21 , so that the radius of the winding diminishes from said first end to said second end.3. The chute combination of claim 21 , wherein said passage claim 21 , between the first and second ends claim 21 , is frusto-conical in configuration.4. The chute combination of claim 21 , wherein said passage has a longitudinal side that is arcuate in side elevation so as to be radially inwardly concave.5. The chute combination of claim 21 , wherein the windings include a transmitting coil and a receiving coil.6. The chute combination of claim 18 , wherein the windings include a transmitting coil located between two receiving coils.7. The chute combination of claim 6 , wherein the receiving coils include a first coil and a second coil claim 6 , with the transmitting coil being located between the first coil and the second coil.8. The chute combination of claim 7 , wherein the distance the first coil is spaced from said axis is greater than the distance the transmitter coil is spaced from said axis and the distance the second coil is spaced from said axis claim 7 , and the distance the transmitter coil is spaced from said axis is greater than the distance the second coil is spaced from said axis.9. The chute combination of claim 5 , wherein the coils are located at longitudinally spaced positions relative to said axis and are co-axial.10. The chute combination of claim 21 , further including a body within which the winding are located claim 21 , said body having an internal longitudinal body surface surround said passage claim 21 , ...

Magnetic sensors and related systems and methods

This invention relates generally to magnetic sensors and related systems and methods. In some aspects of the invention, a magnetic sensor assembly includes a housing configured to releasably hold a medical fluid tube and a sensor secured to the housing, the sensor configured to detect a change in a strength of a magnetic field when a medical fluid passes through the medical fluid tube.

RESONANT MEMS LORENTZ-FORCE MAGNETOMETER USING FORCE-FEEDBACK AND FREQUENCY-LOCKED COIL EXCITATION

A method includes supplying a current to at least one conductive path integral with a MEMS device to thereby exert a Lorentz force on the MEMS device in the presence of a magnetic field. The method includes determining the magnetic field based on a control value in a control loop configured to maintain a constrained range of motion of the MEMS device. The control loop may be configured to maintain the MEMS device in a stationary position. The current may have a frequency equal to a resonant frequency of the MEMS device. 1. A method comprising:supplying a current to at least one conductive path integral with a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) device to thereby exert a Lorentz force on the MEMS device in the presence of a magnetic field; anddetermining the magnetic field based on a control value in a control loop configured to maintain a constrained range of motion of the MEMS device.2. The method claim 1 , as recited in claim 1 , wherein the control loop is configured to maintain the MEMS device in a stationary position.3. The method claim 1 , as recited in claim 1 , wherein the current has a frequency approximately equal to a resonant frequency of the MEMS device (f).4. The method claim 1 , as recited in claim 1 , wherein the control value is based on sensed displacements of a proof mass of the MEMS device.5. The method claim 1 , as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:{'sub': O', {'sub2': '—'}, 'MEMS, 'generating an indicator of a resonant frequency of the MEMS device (f) in a first mode of operating the MEMS device; and'}{'sub': O', {'sub2': '—'}, 'MEMS, 'generating the current based on the indicator of fin a second mode of operating the MEMS device,'}wherein in the first mode the MEMS device is configured to resonate, and in the second mode, the MEMS device is included in the control loop configured to maintain the MEMS device in the stationary position.6. The method claim 5 , as recited in claim 5 , wherein generating the indicator of fcomprises: ...

Magnetic field sensor

Embodiments of the present invention provide a magnetic field sensor having a first current path, a second current path, a signal generator and an evaluator. The first current path has a first coil area, and the second current path has a second coil area, wherein the first coil area has windings in a first winding direction around a first magnetic core area, and wherein the second coil area has windings in a second winding direction around a second magnetic core area. The signal generator is implemented to provide an excitation current which divides into the first and second current paths. The evaluator is implemented to tap a voltage between the first and second coil areas and to detect an external magnetic field based on the voltage.

Electronic Devices With Magnetic Sensors

Electronic devices may be provided with magnetic sensors for detecting the Earth's magnetic field. The magnetic sensors may include thin magnetic sensors located in magnetically quiet regions of the device. The magnetic sensors may be attached to a device housing or a component such as a battery or a cover structure for a battery. The device may include unidirectional magnetic sensors aligned in three orthogonal directions or sensors with two or three magnetic sensor elements aligned in orthogonal directions. Magnetic field data from the three orthogonally aligned sensors or sensor elements may be combined to form directional compass data for the device. Each magnetic sensor may include one or more magnetic sensor elements for detecting the magnetic field and one or more shielded reference sensor elements for detecting environmental changes that can affect the magnetic sensor element. Reference sensor elements may be shared elements for multiple magnetic sensors elements.

Three-dimensional in-plane magnetic sensor

A three-dimensional (3D) in-plane magnetic sensor includes a first magnetic sensor, a second magnetic sensor, a third magnetic sensor and a circuit. The first magnetic sensor, second magnetic sensor and third magnetic sensor are installed on a same plane to measure the magnetic field component of first direction, second direction and third direction, where the third direction is perpendicular to the first and second direction. The third magnetic sensor includes a third fixed layer, a third magnetic insulating layer and a third free layer. The magnetoresistance of the third free layer is an intermediate value in the spontaneous magnetization direction, and is varied when interfered by an external magnetic field. In short, the 3D in-plane magnetic sensor is manufactured with semiconductor processing which does not require vertical adhesion, and also bring the benefits of improved production capacity, prolonged product life, reduced manufacturing cost and time.

CURRENT SENSOR

A current sensor includes a first conductor and a second conductor arranged so as to form current paths parallel to each other; a circuit board arranged such that a surface thereof is perpendicular to the current paths; and a first magnetoelectric transducer and a second magnetoelectric transducer arranged on the surface of the circuit board such that the first conductor is interposed therebetween. The first conductor, the second conductor, the first magnetoelectric transducer, and the second magnetoelectric transducer are located on a same plane. 1. A current sensor comprising:a first conductor and a second conductor arranged so as to form current paths parallel to each other;a circuit board arranged such that a surface thereof is perpendicular to the current paths; anda first magnetoelectric transducer and a second magnetoelectric transducer arranged on the surface of the circuit board such that the first conductor is interposed therebetween, whereinthe first conductor, the second conductor, the first magnetoelectric transducer, and the second magnetoelectric transducer are located on a same plane orthogonal to the surface of the circuit board.2. The current sensor according to claim 1 , wherein each of the first conductor and the second conductor has a flat plate shape in which a width direction thereof is orthogonal to the plane claim 1 , and a center position thereof in the width direction is located on the plane.3. The current sensor according to claim 1 , further comprising a pair of magnetic shields arranged such that the first conductor claim 1 , the first magnetoelectric transducer claim 1 , and the second magnetoelectric transducer are interposed therebetween claim 1 , the magnetic shields intersecting the plane.4. The current sensor according to claim 1 , wherein each of the first magnetoelectric transducer and the second magnetoelectric transducer is arranged such that a sensitivity axis direction thereof is orthogonal to the plane.5. The current sensor ...

Using Clustering Techniques to Improve Magnetometer Bias Estimation

In some implementations, a computer-implemented method includes receiving a reading from a magnetometer of a mobile device. A cluster from a plurality of clusters of bias offsets generated from previously-calibrated readings is selected. The selected cluster has a representative bias offset, a mean of magnitudes in the selected cluster, and a magnitude threshold. An external magnetic field is estimated based on the reading and the representative bias offset for the selected cluster. Whether a magnitude of the estimated external field is within a magnitude range defined by the mean magnitude and the mean magnitude plus the magnitude threshold is determined.

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR MEASURING MAGNETIC FIELDS

An apparatus for measuring a magnetic field is described, which comprises a core and an exciter coil for remagnetizing the core material. The remagnetizable core material is embodied as a layer or as multiple layers disposed at a distance from one another, and the core has a maximum total extension G where 2.5 mm≧G≧0.2 mm, a ratio of length to width that is greater than or equal to a value of twenty, and a thickness D where 2 μm≧D≧0.2 μm. Also described is a corresponding method for measuring a magnetic field. 111-. (canceled)12. An apparatus for measuring a magnetic field , comprising: a maximum total extension G where 2.5 mm≧G≧0.2 mm,', 'a ratio of length to width that is greater than or equal to a value of twenty, and', {'sub': S', 'S, 'a thickness D where 2≧D≧0.2 μm, wherein a thickness of each individual one of the layers of the remagnetizable core material of the core having the multiple layers has a layer thickness Dwhere 60 nm≧D≧20 nm,'}], 'a core including a remagnetizable core material and an exciter coil for remagnetizing the remagnetizable core material, wherein the remagnetizable core material is embodied as one of a single layer and multiple layers disposed at a distance from one another, wherein the core includes13. The apparatus as recited in claim 12 , wherein the remagnetizable core material has a permeability index greater than or equal to two thousand.14. The apparatus as recited in claim 12 , wherein the remagnetizable core material has a permeability index greater than or equal to ten thousand.15. The apparatus as recited in claim 12 , wherein the remagnetizable core material is a soft magnetic material.16. The apparatus as recited in claim 12 , wherein the remagnetizable core material is a nickel-iron alloy.17. The apparatus as recited in claim 12 , further comprising:a plurality of non-magnetic intermediate layers, each non-magnetic intermediate layer being respectively disposed between the layers of the remagnetizable core material.18. The ...

INTEGRATED TRIAXIAL MAGNETOMETER OF SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIAL MANUFACTURED IN MEMS TECHNOLOGY

Two suspended masses are configured so as to be flowed by respective currents flowing in the magnetometer plane in mutually transversal directions and are capacitively coupled to lower electrodes. Mobile sensing electrodes are carried by the first suspended mass and are capacitively coupled to respective fixed sensing electrodes. The first suspended mass is configured so as to be mobile in a direction transversal to the plane in presence of a magnetic field having a component in a first horizontal direction. The second suspended mass is configured so as to be mobile in a direction transversal to the plane in presence of a magnetic field having a component in a second horizontal direction, and the first suspended mass is configured so as to be mobile in a direction parallel to the plane and transversal to the current flowing in the first suspended mass in presence of a magnetic field having a component in a vertical direction. 1. An integrated MEMS magnetometer , comprising:a first suspended electrode structure extending in a first plane and configured to be flowed by a first current in the first plane;a first fixed electrode capacitively coupled to the first suspended electrode structure and extending in the first plane; anda second fixed electrode capacitively coupled to the first suspended electrode structure and extending in a second plane parallel to the first plane,the first suspended electrode structure being configured to be mobile transversely with respect to the first plane toward or away from the second fixed electrode in presence of a magnetic field having a component in a first direction parallel to the plane and transverse to the first current to be flowed in the first suspended electrode structure; andthe first suspended electrode structure being configured to be mobile in the first plane and transverse to the first current to be flowed in the first suspended electrode structure in presence of a magnetic field having a component in a second direction ...

Integrated magnetic spectrometer for multiplexed biosensing

A magnetic spectrometer is integrated in a semiconductor substrate and provides high sensitivity without using an external magnet field. The spectrometer includes one or more highly stable on-chip oscillator and LC resonator. A current caused to pass through the inductor generates a magnetic field and polarizes the nanoparticles placed in its proximity, thereby changing the effective inductance of the inductor, and in turn, modifying the oscillation frequency of the LC resonator. The shift in the oscillation frequency is used to characterize the nanoparticles and measure their magnetic susceptibility frequency profile. The spectrometer operates at multiple frequencies over a diverse range without using a reference sensor thereby effectively increasing its spatial multiplexing density. The magnetic spectrometer uses the relationship between the sizes of the particles and the resonance frequency F res and/or the magnetic frequency spectrum of the particles as a spectroscopic means of differentiating between the particles.

PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD FOR A DOMESTIC APPLIANCE, DOMESTIC APPLIANCE, AND A METHOD FOR OPERATING A DOMESTIC APPLIANCE

A printed circuit board for a domestic appliance includes at least one conductive path which is provided on at least one of two sides of the printed board and adapted for supply with a load current. The printed circuit board has at least one magnetic field sensor which is configured and disposed to read a magnetic field that can be generated by the load current. The load current flowing through the at least one conductive path of the printed circuit board can be detected by contactless reading of the magnetic field generated by the load current through the at least one conductive path. 113-. (canceled)14. A printed circuit board for a domestic appliance , said printed circuit board comprising:at least one conductive path provided on at least one of two sides of the printed board and adapted for supply with a load current, andat least one magnetic field sensor configured and disposed to read a magnetic field that can be generated by the load current.15. The printed circuit board of claim 14 , wherein the magnetic field sensor is a magnetic field sensor based on a galvanomagnetic effect.16. The printed circuit board of claim 14 , wherein the magnetic field sensor is a Hall sensor.17. The printed circuit board of claim 14 , wherein the at least one magnetic field sensor comprises at least one analog magnetic field sensor.18. The printed circuit board of claim 17 , wherein the analog magnetic field sensor reads a superimposed magnetic field from two of said conductive path claim 17 , with the conductive paths representing different external conductors of a shared power line.19. The printed circuit board of claim 17 , wherein the analog magnetic field sensor is a Hall sensor.20. The printed circuit board of claim 18 , wherein the analog magnetic field sensor is disposed between the two conductive paths.21. The printed circuit board of claim 14 , wherein the at least one magnetic field sensor comprises at least one digital magnetic field sensor.22. The printed circuit ...

METHOD FOR DETECTING METAL FOREIGN OBJECT ON CONTACTLESS POWER SUPPLY DEVICE, CONTACTLESS POWER SUPPLY DEVICE, CONTACTLESS POWER RECEPTION DEVICE, AND CONTACTLESS POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM

With a metal foreign object detecting method, a metal detection circuit arranged in a contactless power supply device transmits an oscillation signal to a modulation circuit of an electric appliance. The modulation circuit generates a square wave pulse signal from the oscillation signal. The cycle of the oscillation signal received by the modulation circuit changes in accordance with whether or not a metal piece is present. The modulation circuit modulates the square wave pulse signal to generate a modulated wave signal and transmits the modulated wave signal to the metal detection circuit of the power supply device. The metal detection circuit demodulates the modulated wave signal and determines whether or not a metal piece is present based on the cycle of the demodulated signal corresponding to the square wave pulse signal. 1. A method for detecting whether or not a metal foreign object is present on a contactless power supply device that supplies power to a power reception device included in an electrical appliance using an electromagnetic induction phenomenon , the method comprising:transmitting an oscillation signal from the contactless power supply device to the power reception device;detecting, from the oscillation signal received by the power reception device, a modulating wave based on a change in magnetic flux caused by the presence of a metal foreign object;generating a modulated wave signal by modulating a carrier signal in accordance with the modulating wave to transmit the modulating wave to the contactless power supply device, and transmitting the modulated wave signal from the power reception device to the contactless power supply device; andreceiving the modulated wave signal transmitted from the power reception device with the contactless power supply device, and determining whether or not a metal foreign object is present based on a demodulated signal demodulated from the modulated wave signal.2. The metal foreign object detecting method according ...

DIFFERENTIAL TRANSFORMER TYPE MAGNETIC SENSOR AND IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS

A differential transformer type magnetic sensor includes a first coil layer, a second coil layer, and an insulating layer formed between the first coil layer and the second coil layer. The first coil layer includes a detection coil and a first drive coil. The second coil layer includes a reference coil and a second drive coil. The first drive coil and the second drive coil are electrically connected together so that a direction of drive current flowing in the first drive coil is the same as a direction of drive current flowing in the second drive coil. The detection coil and the reference coil are electrically connected together so that a direction of induced current flowing in the detection coil is reverse to a direction of induced current flowing in the reference coil. 1. A differential transformer type magnetic sensor , comprising:a first coil layer including a detection coil formed of a planospiral first wire located on a plane and a first drive coil formed of a planospiral second wire running in parallel to the first wire on the same plane as the first wire;a second coil layer including a reference coil formed of a planospiral third wire located on a plane and a second drive coil formed of a planospiral fourth wire running in parallel to the third wire on the same plane as the third wire; anda first insulating layer arranged between the first coil layer and the second coil layer,wherein the first drive coil and the second drive coil are electrically connected together so that a direction of drive current flowing in the first drive coil is the same as a direction of drive current flowing in the second drive coil, andthe detection coil and the reference coil are electrically connected together so that a direction of induced current flowing in the detection coil is reverse to a direction of induced current flowing in the reference coil.2. A differential transformer type magnetic sensor according to claim 1 , whereinthe first coil layer includes a plurality of ...

MEDICAL SYSTEM, ACCESSORY DEVICE, AND RELATED METHODS

A method and an accessory device for an ostomy system comprising a monitor device and an ostomy appliance, the ostomy appliance comprising a base plate is disclosed. The accessory device comprises a memory; a processor; and an interface coupled to the processor and configured to communicate with the monitor device, wherein the interface comprises a display and is configured to obtain monitor data from the monitor device coupled to the ostomy appliance, the monitor data comprising sensor data and one or more of ostomy data obtained from electrodes of the base plate, and parameter data based on ostomy data obtained from electrodes of the base plate, the sensor data obtained from one or more sensors in the monitor device, wherein the processor is configured to determine an operating state of the base plate based on the sensor data and one or more of ostomy data and parameter data based on ostomy data; and display, on the display, a first user interface comprising a first user interface object representing the operating state of the base plate. 1. An accessory device for a medical system comprising a monitor device and a medical appliance , the medical appliance comprising a base plate comprising a first adhesive layer and one or more electrodes , the accessory device comprising:a memory;a processor; andan interface coupled to the processor and configured to communicate with the monitor device, wherein the monitor device is configured to be coupled to the base plate to obtain medical data from the one or more electrodes of the base plate, and wherein the interface comprises a display and is configured to obtain monitor data from the monitor device, the monitor data comprising sensor data and one or more of medical data obtained from the one or more electrodes of the base plate, and parameter data based on medical data obtained from the one or more electrodes of the base plate and parameter data based on medical data obtained from the one or more electrodes of the base ...

Accelerated pattern recognition in action sports

Systems and techniques for accelerated pattern matching in action sports are described herein. A plurality of data sets may be collected from a data stream received from a sensor array. Each data set of the plurality of data sets may be compressed into a magnitude value. A first mean and a first standard deviation may be determined for a first set of magnitude values corresponding to a first time period. A second mean and a second standard deviation may be determined for a second set of magnitude values corresponding to a second time period. A mean ratio may be calculated for the first mean and the second mean and a standard deviation ratio may be calculated for the first standard deviation and the second standard deviation. A start point for an action may be generated by determining that the mean ratio and the standard deviation ratio are outside a threshold.

Offset calculation device and azimuth sensor therewith

For triaxial magnetic detection data sequentially acquired as data points in a triaxial coordinate system, an offset calculation unit 30 calculates virtual data points P 1 ′-P 6 ′ by evenly parallel-translating each of data points P 1 -P 7 so that a reference data point P 7 , for example, arbitrarily chosen from the data points P 1 -P 7 coincides with an origin point O. A virtual offset point C′ for which the sum of the distances between the virtual data points P 1 ′-P 6 ′ and a curved surface H 1 passing through the origin point O is minimized is then calculated. An offset value C for the magnetic detection data is then calculated by parallel-translating the virtual offset point C′ so as to restore the parallel-translated portion.

SENSOR CONFIGURATION FOR A LATCH ASSEMBLY

A latch assembly comprising: a latch operative to adopt a latched condition and an unlatched condition; a magnet imparting a magnetic field; a sensor adapted to sense the magnetic field; the latch, magnet and sensor being configured such that a change in the condition of the latch effects a variance in the magnetic field sensed by the sensor such that the sensor is able to distinguish between the latched condition and the unlatched condition. 1. A latch assembly comprising:a latch operative to adopt a latched condition and an unlatched condition;a magnet imparting a magnetic field;a sensor adapted to sense the magnetic field;the latch, magnet and sensor being configured such that a change in the condition of the latch effects a variance in the magnetic field sensed by the sensor such that the sensor is able to distinguish between the latched condition and the unlatched condition.2. A latch assembly as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the magnet is adapted such that movement of the latch into the latched condition is induced by the magnetic field imparted by the magnet.3. A latch assembly as claimed in either or claim 1 , wherein the latch comprises a first component which is arranged to be mounted to a movable barrier or surrounding structure and a second component arranged to be mounted on the other of the movable barrier or the surrounding structure claim 1 , the first component and the second component configured to co-operate to hold the movable barrier in a closed position in the latching condition.4. A latch assembly as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the first component includes a latch member and the second component includes the magnet claim 3 , and wherein when in the latched condition claim 3 , the latch member is closer to the magnet than in the unlatched condition and wherein the proximity of the latch member to the magnet changes the strength of the magnetic field sensed by the sensor.5. A latch assembly as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the latch member is ...

DIFFERENTIAL LATERAL MAGNETIC FIELD SENSOR SYSTEM WITH OFFSET CANCELLING AND IMPLEMENTED USING SILICON-ON-INSULATOR TECHNOLOGY

A differential magnetic field sensor system () is provided, in which offset cancelling for differential semiconductor structures in magnetic field sensors arranged close to each other is realized. The system () comprises a first, a second and a third magnetic field sensor (), each of which is layouted substantially identically and comprises a, preferably silicon-on-insulator (SOI), surface layer portion () provided as a surface portion on a, preferably SOI, wafer and having a surface (). On the surface () is arranged a central emitter structure () formed substantially mirror symmetrical with respect to a symmetry plane () that is substantially perpendicular to the surface (), and a first and a second collector structure (), each of which is arranged spaced apart from the emitter structure () and which are arranged on opposite sides of the symmetry plane () so as to be substantially mirror images of each other. The first magnetic field sensor () is operated double-sided in that its first collector structure () and its emitter structure () are externally connected via a first read-out circuitry and its second collector structure () and its emitter structure () are externally connected via a second read-out circuitry. The second magnetic field sensor () is operated single-sided in that its first collector structure () and its emitter structure () are externally connected via a third read-out circuitry. The third magnetic field sensor () is operated single-sided in that its second collector structure () and its emitter structure () are externally connected via a fourth read-out circuitry. 1. A differential magnetic field sensor system comprising:a first, a second and a third magnetic field sensor, each of which is layouted substantially identically and comprises a, preferably silicon-on-insulator (SOI), surface layer portion provided as a surface portion on a, preferably SOI, wafer and having a surface, on and/or in which is arranged:a central emitter structure formed ...

MAGNETIC ENCODER

A magnetic encoder includes: an annular magnetic rotor; and a magnetic sensor that faces the magnetic rotor with a predetermined gap therebetween. The magnetic rotor includes a multipole magnetized portion in which an N magnetic pole and an S magnetic pole are alternately provided at a predetermined pitch in a circumferential direction, an origin magnetized portion whose circumferential width is larger than the pitch of the multipole magnetized portion and having the same polarity as an end portion of the multipole magnetized portion in the circumferential direction, and an opposite polar portion which has the opposite polarity to the multipole magnetized portion and the origin magnetized portion and is adjacent to the multipole magnetized portion and the origin magnetized portion. The circumferential width of the opposite polar portion is larger than the pitch of the multipole magnetized portion and smaller than the circumferential width of the origin magnetized portion. 1. A magnetic encoder comprising:an annular magnetic rotor; anda magnetic sensor that faces the magnetic rotor with a predetermined gap therebetween, a multipole magnetized portion in which an N magnetic pole and an S magnetic pole are alternately provided at a predetermined pitch in a circumferential direction,', 'an origin magnetized portion whose circumferential width is larger than the pitch of the multipole magnetized portion and having the same polarity as an end portion of the multipole magnetized portion in the circumferential direction, and', 'an opposite polar portion which has the opposite polarity to the multipole magnetized portion and the origin magnetized portion and is adjacent to the multipole magnetized portion and the origin magnetized portion, and, 'wherein the magnetic rotor includes'}wherein the circumferential width of the opposite polar portion is larger than the pitch of the multipole magnetized portion and smaller than the circumferential width of the origin magnetized ...

Calibration and Monitoring for 3-Axis Magnetometer Arrays of Arbitrary Geometry

A system and method for calibrating rigid and non-rigid arrays of 3-axis magnetometers as disclosed. Such arrays might be used to analyze structures containing ferromagnetic material. The calibration determines scale factor and bias parameters of each magnetometer in the array, and the relative orientation and position of each magnetometer in the array. Once the parameters are determined, the actual magnetic field value at the magnetometer location can be simply related to magnetometer measurements. The method and system can be used to calibrate an array of 3-axis magnetometers in aggregate as opposed to individual magnetometers. This is critical in large arrays to increasing reproducibility of the calibration procedure and decreasing time required to complete calibration procedure. 1. A method for calibrating an array of 3-axis magnetometers , the method comprising:detecting a uniform magnetic field at each of the 3-axis magnetometers for different orientations of the array relative to the magnetic field;calculating scale factor for each axis of each magnetometer of the array, where the scale factor converts changes in measured signals into changes in the magnetic field.2. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising determining bias in the measured signals from the magnetometers.3. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising determining orientation of the magnetometers.4. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising generating the magnetic field with at least one Helmholtz coil.5. The method according to claim 2 , further comprising calculating the magnetic field at each of the 3-axis magnetometers for each of the orientations based on the physical and electrical parameters of the at least one Helmholtz coil.6. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:generating a non-uniform magnetic field across at least part of the array;detecting the non-uniform magnetic field at each of the 3-axis magnetometers; anddetermining a position of ...

MAGNETIC POSITION SENSORS, SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Magnetic position sensors, systems and methods are disclosed. In an embodiment, a position sensing system includes a magnetic field source; and a sensor module spaced apart from the magnetic field source, at least one of the magnetic field source or the sensor module configured to move relative to the other along a path, the sensor module configured to determine a position of the magnetic field source relative to the sensor module from a nonlinear function of a ratio of a first component of a magnetic field of the magnetic field source to a second component of the magnetic field of the magnetic field source. 14-. (canceled)5. A method of sensing a linear position of an object comprising:coupling one of a permanent magnet or a sensor to the object, the permanent magnet being magnetized in a z-direction;arranging the other of the sensor or the permanent magnet proximate to and spaced apart from the one of the permanent magnet or the sensor in a y-direction;sensing a change in an x-direction of a magnetic field component Bz of the permanent magnet by a first sensor element of the sensor;sensing a change in the y-direction of the magnetic field component Bz of the permanent magnet by a second sensor element of the sensor;determining a ratio of dBz/dx to dBz/dy; anddetermining a position of the object on the path from the ratio.6. A method of sensing a linear position of an object comprising:coupling one of a permanent magnet or a sensor to the object, the permanent magnet being magnetized in a y-direction;arranging the other of the a sensor or the permanent magnet proximate to and spaced apart from the one of the permanent magnet or the sensor in a y-direction and a z-direction;sensing a Bx component of a magnetic field of the permanent magnet by a first sensor element of the sensor;sensing a Bz component of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet by a second sensor element of the sensor;determining a nonlinear function of Bx and Bz; anddetermining a position of the ...

SENSOR DEVICES AND METHODS FOR PRODUCING SENSOR DEVICES

A sensor device comprises a magnet having a magnetization in a first direction. Furthermore, the sensor device comprises a differential magnetic field sensor arranged on the magnet and having a first sensor element and a second sensor element, wherein the sensor elements are spaced apart in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The first sensor element and the second sensor element are designed to detect a magnetic field component in a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and perpendicular to the second direction. 1. A sensor device , comprising:a magnet having a magnetization in a first direction; and wherein the first sensor element and the second sensor element are spaced apart in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction,', 'wherein the first sensor element and the second sensor element are designed to detect a magnetic field component in a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and perpendicular to the second direction., 'a differential magnetic field sensor arranged on the magnet and having a first sensor element and a second sensor element,'}2. The sensor device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sensor device is arranged relative to a ferromagnetic wheel claim 1 , wherein the ferromagnetic wheel is designed to rotate about a rotation axis extending in the third direction.3. The sensor device as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the first sensor element and the second sensor element are designed to detect a speed of the ferromagnetic wheel.4. The sensor device as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the sensor device and the ferromagnetic wheel are separated by an air gap.5. The sensor device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a main surface of the differential magnetic field sensor facing the magnet is arranged parallel to a plane spanned by the first direction and the second direction.6. The sensor device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the differential magnetic field sensor comprises a Hall sensor that is ...

Integrated Fluxgate Magnetic Gradient Sensor

An integrated fluxgate magnetic gradient sensor includes a common mode sensitive fluxgate magnetometer and a differential mode sensitive fluxgate magnetometer. The common mode sensitive fluxgate magnetometer includes a first core adjacent to a second core. The first and second cores are wrapped by a first excitation wire coil configured to receive an excitation current that affects a differential mode magnetic field. The differential mode sensitive fluxgate magnetometer includes a third core adjacent to the first core and a fourth core adjacent to the second core. The third and fourth cores are wrapped by a second excitation wire coil configured to receive an excitation current that affects a common mode magnetic field. 1. A driver circuit , comprising:a differential voltage driver configured to drive a differential voltage through a common mode sensitive fluxgate magnetometer and a differential mode sensitive fluxgate magnetometer; anda single-ended voltage driver configured to drive a single-ended voltage through the differential mode sensitive fluxgate magnetometer;wherein an input to the differential voltage driver is a voltage across a common mode sense wire coil included in the common mode sensitive fluxgate magnetometer and an input to the single-ended voltage driver is a voltage across a differential mode sense wire coil included in the differential mode sensitive fluxgate magnetometer.2. The driver circuit of claim 1 , further comprising a shunt resistor coupled to an output of the single-ended voltage driver and the differential mode sensitive fluxgate magnetometer.3. The driver circuit of claim 1 , wherein the differential voltage driver is configured to drive the differential voltage through the common mode sensitive fluxgate magnetometer by driving the differential voltage through a compensation wire coil wrapped around a magnetic core included in the common mode sensitive fluxgate magnetometer.4. The driver circuit of claim 1 , wherein the single-ended ...

STRAY FIELD SUPPRESSION IN MAGNETIC SENSOR WHEATSTONE BRIDGES

A magnetic sensor includes a bridge circuit including a plurality of magnetic field sensor elements, each configured to generate a sensor signal in response to the magnetic field impinging thereon, where the bridge circuit is configured to generate a differential signal based on sensor signals generated by the plurality of magnetic field sensor elements. The bridge circuit further includes a plurality of resistors, where at least one resistor of the plurality of resistors is coupled in parallel to each of the plurality of magnetic field sensor elements. 1. A magnetic sensor , comprising:a bridge circuit comprising a plurality of magnetic field sensor elements, each configured to generate a sensor signal in response to the magnetic field impinging thereon, wherein the bridge circuit is configured to generate a differential signal based on sensor signals generated by the plurality of magnetic field sensor elements,wherein the bridge circuit further comprises a plurality of resistors, wherein at least one resistor of the plurality of resistors is coupled in parallel to each of the plurality of magnetic field sensor elements.2. The magnetic sensor of claim 1 , wherein a conductance of each of the plurality of magnetic field sensor elements is substantially the same.3. The magnetic sensor of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of magnetic field sensor elements are magnetoresistive sensor elements sensitive to a same magnetic field component of the magnetic field and each having a reference magnetization aligned in a same sensing direction.4. The magnetic sensor of claim 1 , wherein the bridge circuit further comprises a first plurality of parallel branches including a first plurality of resistors of the a plurality of resistors and a first plurality of switches claim 1 , wherein each parallel branch of the first plurality of parallel branches includes a corresponding first resistor of the first plurality of resistors and a corresponding first switch of the first plurality of ...

MRI System Using Nonuniform Magnetic Fields

A method for magnetic resonance imaging uses an electromagnet [], which may have open geometry, to generate a spatially nonuniform magnetic field within an imaging region []. The current through the electromagnet is controlled to repeatedly cycle the nonuniform magnetic field between a high strength for polarizing spins and a low strength for spatial encoding and readout. Using RF coils [], excitation pulses are generated at a frequency that selects a non-planar isofield slice for imaging. The RF coils are also used to generate refocusing pulses for imaging and to generate spatial encoding pulses, which may be nonlinear. Magnetic resonance signals originating from the selected non-planar isofield slice of the nonuniform magnetic field in the imaging region [] are detected using the RF coils [] in parallel receive mode. MRI images are reconstructed from the parallel received magnetic resonance signals, e.g., using algebraic reconstruction. 1. A method for magnetic resonance imaging , the method comprising:using an electromagnet to generate a spatially nonuniform magnetic field within an imaging region;controlling current through the electromagnet to repeatedly cycle the nonuniform magnetic field between a first strength for polarizing spins and a second strength, lower than the first strength, for spatial encoding and readout;using RF coils to generate excitation pulses at a frequency that selects a non-planar isofield slice for imaging, and to generate refocusing pulses for imaging;using the RF coils to generate spatial encoding pulses, andusing the RF coils in parallel receive mode to detect magnetic resonance signals originating from the selected non-planar isofield slice of the nonuniform magnetic field in the imaging region; andreconstructing MRI images from the parallel received magnetic resonance signals.2. The method of wherein the nonuniform magnetic field has a spatial variation of more than 5 ppm within the imaging region.3. The method of wherein the ...

METAL DETECTOR FOR BURIED AND ABANDONED CHEMICAL WEAPONS

A metal detector for buried and abandoned chemical weapons is provided, comprising: a transmitting circuit to transmit a detection signal; a frequency selection unit electrically connected to the transmitting circuit and configured to regulate a frequency of the detection signal; a receiving circuit to receive a reflected signal returned from the substance detected; an analog-digital conversion unit electrically connected to the receiving circuit and configured to convert the reflected signal into a digital signal; and a control unit electrically connected to the analog-digital conversion unit. In the present disclosure, the frequency of the detection signal can be regulated by changing a current frequency of the transmitting circuit, so that several forms of iron compound can be detected, thereby increasing the detection accuracy of the ACWs. 1. A metal detector for buried and abandoned chemical weapons , comprising:a transmitting circuit configured to transmit a detection signal;a frequency selection unit electrically connected to the transmitting circuit and configured to regulate a frequency of the detection signal;a receiving circuit configured to receive a reflected signal returned from the substance detected;an analog-digital conversion unit electrically connected to the receiving circuit and configured to convert the reflected signal into a digital signal; anda control unit electrically connected to the analog-digital conversion unit.2. The metal detector of claim 1 , wherein the frequency selection unit comprises:an operational amplifier; [{'b': 4', '4, 'a resistor R, two ends of the resistor R being respectively and electrically connected to an inverting input of the operational amplifier and an output of the operational amplifier;'}, {'b': 1', '1', '1, 'a resistor R, one end of the resistor R being grounded and the other end of the resistor R being electrically connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier; and'}], 'a first amplifying ...

Wireless position sensing using magnetic field of single transmitter

An apparatus and method of wireless position sensing determining the location of a receiver relative to a transmitter in a three dimensional space and correlating that location to and interacting with a display device. The system includes a transmitting coil having a known orientation with respect to the earth's coordinate system and configured to transmit a periodic signal during a positioning event, at least one receiver including a sensing unit for measuring the magnetic field vector produced by the transmitting coil and the orientation of the receiver with respect to the earth's coordinate system, and at least one computing unit configured to estimate a position and orientation of the receiver with respect to the transmitter's coordinate system using the measured magnetic field vector, the measured orientation with respect to the earth's coordinate system, and the known orientation of the transmitting coil with respect to the earth's coordinate system. 1. A controller system having a positioning system for transmitting operation data to a computing unit executing an application that displays information on a display , the system , comprising:a) a transmitting coil having a known orientation with respect to the earth's coordinate system and configured to transmit a periodic signal during a positioning event;b) at least one receiver including a sensing unit for measuring the magnetic field vector produced by the transmitting coil and the orientation of the receiver with respect to the earth's coordinate system; andc) at least one computing unit configured to estimate a position and orientation of the receiver with respect to the transmitter's coordinate system using the measured magnetic field vector, the measured orientation with respect to the earth's coordinate system, and the known orientation of the transmitting coil with respect to the earth's coordinate system.2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the sensing unit includes a tri-axis magnetic sensor ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR EVALUATING MAGNETIC FIELD UNIFORMITY OF MAGNETIC COIL

A method for evaluating a uniformity of a magnetic field generated by a magnetic coil is disclosed. The method may include providing an electrical current to the magnetic coil to generate a magnetic field; scanning and obtaining a set of signals of the magnetic field by moving a measurement probe of a scanning tool point by point within a scanning region of the magnetic field and at a scanning height; performing a spectrum analysis on the set of signals by a spectrum analyzer to extract spectrum information of the magnetic field; transferring the set of signals and the extracted spectrum information to a computer system; selecting signals of the magnetic field with one or more frequencies from the set of signals based on the extracted spectrum information by the computer system; and analyzing the uniformity of the magnetic field by analyzing the selected signals by the computer system. 1. A method for evaluating uniformity of a magnetic field generated by a magnetic coil , comprising:providing an electrical current to the magnetic coil to generate a magnetic field;scanning and obtaining a set of signals of the magnetic field by moving a measurement probe of a scanning tool point by point within a scanning region of the magnetic field;performing a spectrum analysis on the set of signals by a spectrum analyzer to extract spectrum information of the magnetic field and at a scanning height;transferring the set of signals and the extracted spectrum information to a computer system;selecting signals of the magnetic field with one or more frequencies from the set of signals based on the extracted spectrum information by the computer system; andanalyzing the uniformity of the magnetic field by analyzing the selected signals by the computer system.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic coil is a power transmitter coil.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising plotting the selected signals of the magnetic field in a (x claim 1 , y) plane.4. The method of claim 1 ...

Ferrimagnetic Oscillator Magnetometer

Ferrimagnetic oscillator magnetometers do not use lasers to stimulate fluorescence emission from defect centers in solid-state hosts (e.g., nitrogen vacancies in diamonds). Instead, in a ferrimagnetic oscillator magnetometer, the applied magnetic field shifts the resonance of entangled electronic spins in a ferrimagnetic crystal. These spins are entangled and can have an ensemble resonance linewidth of approximately 370 kHz to 10 MHz. The resonance shift produces microwave sidebands with amplitudes proportional to the magnetic field strength at frequencies proportional to the magnetic field oscillation frequency. These sidebands can be coherently averaged, digitized, and coherently processed, yielding magnetic field measurements with sensitivities possibly approaching the spin projection limit of 1 attotesla/√{square root over (Hz)}. The encoding of magnetic signals in frequency rather than amplitude relaxes or removes otherwise stringent requires on the digitizer. 1. A magnetometer comprising:a ferrimagnetic crystal comprising an ensemble of entangled electronic spins, the ensemble of entangled electronic spins having a resonance that shifts in response to an external magnetic field;a sustaining amplifier, in electrical communication with the ferrimagnetic crystal, to amplify a microwave signal modulated by a shift in the resonance of the ensemble of entangled electronic spins; anda digitizer, in electrical communication with the sustaining amplifier and/or the ferrimagnetic crystal, to digitize the microwave signal.2. The magnetometer of claim 1 , wherein the ferrimagnetic crystal and the sustaining amplifier are connected in a transmission geometry.3. The magnetometer of claim 1 , wherein the ferrimagnetic crystal and the sustaining amplifier are connected in a reflection geometry.4. The magnetometer of claim 1 , wherein the sustaining amplifier comprises a bipolar junction transistor.5. The magnetometer of claim 1 , further comprising:a bandpass filter, in ...

SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MAKING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE

A semiconductor device includes: a substrate including a base member having a main surface and a back surface facing opposite in a thickness direction; a semiconductor element mounted on the main surface of the substrate and having at least one element pad; a wire having a bonding portion bonded to the element pad; and a sealing resin formed on the main surface of the substrate for covering the wire and at least a portion of the semiconductor element. The semiconductor element has an element exposed side surface that faces in a direction crossing the thickness direction of the substrate and is exposed from the sealing resin. 1. A semiconductor device comprising:a substrate including a base member having a main surface and a back surface facing opposite in a thickness direction;a semiconductor element having at least one element pad and mounted on the main surface of the substrate;a wire having a bonding portion bonded to the element pad; anda sealing resin formed on the main surface of the substrate, and covering the wire and at least a portion of the semiconductor element,wherein the semiconductor element includes an element exposed surface that faces in a direction crossing the thickness direction of the substrate and is exposed from the sealing resin.2. The semiconductor device according to claim 1 , wherein the base member includes a substrate outer side surface that connects the main surface and the back surface to each other and is flush with the element exposed side surface of the semiconductor element.3. The semiconductor device according to claim 2 , wherein the sealing resin has a sealing resin outer surface flush with both the element exposed side surface of the semiconductor element and the substrate outer side surface of the base member.4. The semiconductor device according to claim 1 , wherein the element exposed side surface of the semiconductor element is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the substrate.5. The semiconductor device according ...

METHOD, USER TERMINAL, AND AUDIO SYSTEM, FOR SPEAKER LOCATION DETECTION AND LEVEL CONTROL USING MAGNETIC FIELD

Provided is a control method of a user terminal apparatus and device, for speaker location detection and level control using a magnetic field. The method includes receiving reference magnetic field information generated by at least one speaker, in response to a magnetic field being generated based on the reference magnetic field information by the at least one speaker, detecting the magnetic field generated by the at least one speaker, acquiring location information of the at least one speaker using the detected magnetic field information and the reference magnetic field information, and transmitting the location information of each of the at least one speaker to a source apparatus. 1. A method of controlling a user terminal apparatus , the method comprising:receiving reference magnetic field information generated by at least one speaker;detecting a magnetic field generated by the at least one speaker, the magnetic field being generated based on the reference magnetic field information of the at least one speaker; andacquiring location information of each of the at least one speaker using information of the detected magnetic field and the reference magnetic field information.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acquiring location information comprises detecting a direction of a magnetic field with a largest scale claim 1 , to acquire direction information of the speaker using a three-axis magnetic field detection sensor claim 1 , and finding distance information of the speaker claim 1 , using the detected magnetic field information and the reference magnetic field information.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:transmitting the location information of each of the at least one speaker to a source apparatus,wherein the receiving comprises receiving the reference magnetic field information generated by the at least one speaker from the source apparatus, in response to the user terminal apparatus being connected to the source apparatus for controlling the at ...

MULTI-CHANNEL ATOMIC MAGNETIC DETECTOR

Disclosed is a multi-channel atomic magnetic detector (), including at least one detection assembly, with each detection assembly including a plurality of detection air chambers () in the same plane and a light-splitting member () for allocating polarized beams from a light source () to each detection air chamber () in the detection assembly, wherein the plurality of detection air chambers () of each detection assembly are arranged in a centrally symmetric manner or an axially symmetric manner relative to the light-splitting member (). The multi-channel atomic magnetic detector () has a high detection density and is beneficial for noise reduction. 1. A multi-channel atomic magnetic detector , comprising: a plurality of detection air chambers on a same plane; and', 'a light splitting member for distributing a polarized light beam from a light source to the plurality of detection air chambers,', 'wherein the plurality of detection air chambers of each detection assembly are symmetrically or axisymmetrically arranged relative to a center of the light splitting member., 'at least one detection assembly, each detection assembly comprising2. The multi-channel atomic magnetic detector according to claim 1 ,wherein the light splitting member is used for distributing a polarized light beam from a same light source to each detection air chamber in the detection assembly.3. The multi-channel atomic magnetic detector according to claim 1 ,wherein at least a part of the plurality of detection air chambers receive two polarized light beams or a broadened wide polarized light beam.4. The multi-channel atomic magnetic detector according to claim 1 , further comprising:a housing for accommodating the at least one detection assembly.5. The multi-channel atomic magnetic detector according to claim 4 ,wherein the light source is accommodated within the housing.6. The multi-channel atomic magnetic detector according to claim 4 ,wherein the light source is arranged outside the housing.7. ...

Device for compensating electromagnetic interferences during biomagnetic measurements

Invention, relates to the field of supersensitive biomagnetometry under presence of external electromagnetic interferences. In order to perform passive compensation of said interferences, design of device at the magnetometer input is proposed, comprising compensation elements and means for their moving including shifting, holding, and fixation units. In the basic embodiment, three short-closed wire contours are used which are orthogonally placed in space and independently moved up-down relative to the magnetometer or its input antenna. Contours are fixed in positions where minimum of external interference amplitude is achieved according to given field projection. Variants are proposed with cooling of meter and/or contours, location of contours inside the cryostat and their manufacturing from superconductors.

APPARATUS FOR SENSING CURRENT FROM ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES

Disclosed is an apparatus for sensing current flowing the electric cord of an electric appliance. The electric cord includes at least two current carrying wires. The apparatus includes a current sensing unit, a computing unit, a power source and a housing. The current sensing unit is arranged proximate to the electric cord, the current sensing unit includes a three or more axis sensor operative to detect the changes in magnitude and orientation of magnetic field caused by the current flowing through the current carrying wires of the electric cord for generating an electrical signal. The computing unit is programmed to compute the value of current flowing from the generated electrical signal. The power source is operative to power the current sensing unit. The housing is operative to house the current sensing unit and the power source. 1. An apparatus for sensing current flowing through at least one electric cord of an electric appliance , the electric cord comprising at least two current carrying wires said apparatus comprising: at least one sensor of three or more axis operative to detect the changes in magnitude and orientation of magnetic field caused by the current flowing through in at least two current carrying wires of the electric cord for generating an electrical signal; and', 'a computing unit programmed to compute the value of current flowing from the generated electrical signal., 'a current sensing unit arranged proximate to at least one electric cord, said current sensing unit comprising2. The apparatus according to further comprising a visual display unit connected to said computing unit and said power source to display the computed value of the current flowing in the electrical cord.3. The apparatus according to further comprising a notification unit connected to said current sensing unit and said power source for producing notifications if the computed value of the current flowing exceeds a pre-stored reference current value.4. The apparatus ...

METHODS FOR DETERMINING FUTURE OPERATING STATES AND RELATED ACCESSORY DEVICES OF A MEDICAL SYSTEM, AND MEDICAL SYSTEMS

The present disclosure provides a method, performed by an accessory device (i.e. an accessory device of an ostomy system disclosed herein), for monitoring an ostomy system. The accessory device comprises an interface configured to communicate with one or more devices of the ostomy system, the interface comprising a display. The accessory device is configured to communicate with an ostomy system as disclosed herein. The ostomy system comprises a monitor device, and/or an ostomy appliance configured to be placed on a skin surface of a user. The ostomy appliance comprises a base plate. The method comprises: obtaining monitor data from the one or more devices, obtaining context data, determining one or more future operating states of the ostomy appliance based on the monitor data and the context data, wherein a future operating state is indicative of future adhesive performance of the ostomy appliance, and communicating the one or more future operating states. 1. A method , performed in an accessory device of medical system , wherein the accessory device comprises an interface configured to communicate with one or more devices of the medical system , the interface comprising a display , wherein the medical system comprises a monitor device , and/or medical appliance configured to be placed on a skin surface of a user , wherein the medical appliance comprises a base plate , the method comprising:obtaining monitor data from the one or more devices, the monitor data being indicative of a physical condition of the base plate,obtaining context data being indicative of a context in which the medical appliance is operating,determining one or more future operating states of the medical appliance based on the monitor data and the context data, wherein a future operating state is indicative of future adhesive performance of the base plate of the medical appliance, andcommunicating the one or more future operating states.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the future ...

Sanitizing wipe with metal detectable printed indicia

An article is provided having a substrate with an indicia printed on the substrate, where the indicia is printed with an ink that is detectable by in-line manufacturing production X-ray, metal, or magnetic detectors. A package for multiple such articles is also provided. A process for detecting a sanitizable substrate wipe with magnetic, metal, or X-ray detection equipment in a production setting is also provided. With process implementation article loss in a product can be detected thereby reducing precautionary product discard.

SHIELDING APPARATUS, SHIELDING METHOD AND DEMAGNETIZING FOR MEASURING MAGNETIC FIELD

The present invention relates to a shield apparatus and a shield method for measuring a subtle magnetic field. More specifically, the present invention relates to a shield apparatus having a precise magnetic sensor therein, for shielding an external magnetic field in a subtle magnetic field measurement apparatus including a magnetic field generation apparatus for exciting a sample, the shield apparatus for measuring a subtle magnetic field, including: a shield wall provided with a high-conductivity metal layer of high conductivity being partitioned into a plurality of segments and having a high-frequency shield property and a closed high-permeability soft magnetic layer spaced apart from the high-conductivity metal layer by a predetermined distance, so as to seal a measurement space. 1. A shield apparatus having a precise magnetic sensor therein , for shielding an external magnetic field in a subtle magnetic field measurement apparatus including a magnetic field generation apparatus for exciting a sample , the shield apparatus for measuring a subtle magnetic field , comprising:a shield wall provided with a high-conductivity metal layer of high conductivity being partitioned into a plurality of segments and having a high-frequency shield property and a closed high-permeability soft magnetic layer spaced apart from the high-conductivity metal layer by a predetermined distance, so as to seal a measurement space, wherein the external magnetic field is shielded, and flow of eddy current induced by an excitation magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generation apparatus is cut off, so that a magnetic field generated by the eddy current does not interfere with measuring the subtle magnetic field.2. The shield apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the shield wall is formed as multiple walls claim 1 , and all surfaces of the high-conductivity metal layer configuring an outermost shield wall are closed.3. The shield apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the ...

MAGNETIC SENSING APPARATUS, MAGNETIC INDUCTION METHOD AND PREPARATION PROCESS THEREOF

A magnetic sensing apparatus includes a third direction magnetic sensing component. The third direction magnetic sensing component includes: a substrate having groove in its surface; a magnetic conductive unit, and an inducing unit. The main part of the magnetic conductive unit is set in the groove, and a part of it is exposed out the groove and to surface of the substrate, in order to collect magnetic field signal in the third direction and output the magnetic field signal. The inducing unit is disposed on the surface of the substrate, to receive the magnetic field signal in the third direction and measuring corresponding magnetic field strength and direction in the third direction by the magnetic field signal. 2. The magnetic sensing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein: 'the magnetic conductive unit is configured to collect the magnetic field signal in the perpendicular direction and output the magnetic signal;', 'the third direction magnetic sensing component is a perpendicular direction magnetic sensing component;'} 'the magnetic sensing apparatus further comprises a first magnetic sensor, and a second magnetic sensor configured to respectively induce magnetic field in first direction and second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.', 'the inducing unit is a magnetic sensor inducing magnetic field paralleled to the surface of the substrate, sets on the surface of the substrate, and comprises magnetic material layer configured to receive the magnetic field signal in the perpendicular direction from the magnetic conductive unit, and measure corresponding magnetic field strength and direction in the perpendicular direction by the magnetic field signal; the perpendicular direction is perpendicular to the surface of the substrate; and'}3. The magnetic sensing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:The third direction magnetic sensing component comprises peripheral circuit, to calculate and output magnetic field strength and ...

ACCELERATION SENSOR

Provided is an acceleration sensor capable of realizing a simultaneous operation method of signal detection and servo control in place of a time-division processing method, by an MEMS process in which a manufacturing variation is large. 1. An MEMS capacitive acceleration sensor , comprising:a first MEMS capacitor pair for signal detection;a second MEMS capacitor pair for servo control in which one electrode of each capacitor is connected to one electrode of each capacitor in the first capacitor pair and to which a servo voltage to generate force in a direction reverse to a detection signal of acceleration by the first MEMS capacitor pair is applied;a charge amplifier which is connected to electrodes of the first MEMS capacitor pair and the second MEMS capacitor pair connected to each other and forming one weight and converts a charge change on the weight into a voltage change;an A/D converter which digitizes a voltage change signal of an output of the charge amplifier;a 1-bit quantizer which quantizes a servo value to generate force in a direction reverse to displacement of the weight by the acceleration, generated from an output of the A/D converter, with 1 bit;a 1-bit D/A converter which converts an output of the 1-bit quantizer into an analog servo voltage and applies the analog servo voltage to the second MEMS capacitor pair;a correlation detection unit which outputs a signal proportional to a mismatch ΔC of capacity values in the second MEMS capacitor pair, on the basis of the output of the A/D converter and the output of the 1-bit quantizer;a control unit which outputs a capacity control value to cancel an influence by the mismatch ΔC of the capacity values on an input node of the charge amplifier, on the basis of the output of the correlation detection unit; anda variable capacity unit which is inserted between an output node of a driver outputting the output of the 1-bit quantizer at voltage amplitude more suppressed than amplitude of the servo voltage and ...

DYNAMIC TRANSMITTER POWER CONTROL FOR MAGNETIC TRACKER

A system determines the transmission strength of the magnetic field signal. The magnetic field signal is transmitted from a first magnetic-sensor device to a second magnetic-sensor device. The system then determines a first projected distance between the first magnetic-sensor device and the second magnetic-sensor device. Based at least in part on the first projected distance, the system calculates an adjusted transmission strength for the magnetic field signal. The system then causes the first magnetic-sensor device to transmit an adjusted magnetic field signal. The adjusted magnetic field signal comprises the adjusted transmission strength. The system receives, from the second magnetic-field device, the adjusted magnetic field signal. Based at least in part upon the received adjusted magnetic field signal, the system, computes a first pose of the first magnetic-sensor device in relation to the second magnetic-sensor device. 1. A head-mounted device (HMD) comprising:a wearable display;a magnetic field transceiver;a processor; and cause the magnetic field transceiver to transmit a magnetic field signal to a remote magnetic field transceiver;', 'receive, from the remote magnetic field transceiver, a response to the magnetic field signal; and', 'based on the received response, compute a pose of the remote magnetic field transceiver with respect to the HMD., 'a computer-readable hardware storage device having stored thereon computer-executable instructions that are executable by the processor to cause the HMD to perform at least the following2. The HMD of claim 1 , wherein execution of the computer-executable instructions further causes the HMD to:identify magnetic noise associated with the transmitted magnetic field signal; andbased at least in part on the magnetic noise, calculate a transmission strength for the magnetic field signal.3. The HMD of claim 1 , wherein execution of the computer-executable instructions further causes the HMD to:based on the pose, calculate ...

LACRIMAL IMPLANT DETECTION

This document discusses, among other things, an apparatus comprising a lacrimal implant insertable at least partially into a lacrimal punctum. The lacrimal implant comprises an implant core, and an implant body. The implant body includes a cavity sized and shaped to receive the implant core. At least one of the implant core and the implant cavity includes a detection device configured to allow automatic detection of the lacrimal implant with a separate detector device. 1. An apparatus comprising:a lacrimal implant insertable at least partially into a lacrimal punctum, the lacrimal implant comprising:an implant core; andan implant body, wherein the implant body includes a cavity sized and shaped to receive the implant core, andwherein at least one of the implant core and the implant cavity includes a detection device configured to allow automatic detection of the lacrimal implant with a separate detector device.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the detection device includes a radio frequency identifier (RFID) chip configured to communicate a detection signal to the detector device.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the detection device includes a luminescent material configured to reflect light to the detector device.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the luminescent material includes a quantum dot.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the detection device includes an ultrasonically reflective material configured to reflect ultrasonic energy to the detector device.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the detection device includes a ferromagnetic material that is capable of retaining a ferromagnetic property after application and removal of an external magnetic field claim 1 , wherein the retained ferromagnetic property is detectable by the detector device.7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the detection device includes a magnetic material to retain a magnetic field detectable by the detector device claim 1 , wherein the magnetic material comprises at ...

MULTIPLE-CAVITY VAPOR CELL STRUCTURE FOR MICRO-FABRICATED ATOMIC CLOCKS, MAGNETOMETERS, AND OTHER DEVICES

An apparatus includes a vapor cell having multiple cavities fluidly connected by one or more channels. At least one of the cavities is configured to receive a first material able to dissociate into one or more gases that are contained within the vapor cell. At least one of the cavities is configured to receive a second material able to absorb at least a portion of the one or more gases. The vapor cell could include a first cavity configured to receive the first material and a second cavity fluidly connected to the first cavity by at least one first channel, where the second cavity is configured to receive the gas(es). The vapor cell could also include a third cavity fluidly connected to at least one of the first and second cavities by at least one second channel, where the third cavity is configured to receive the second material. 1. A vapor cell , comprising:a first wafer;a second wafer positioned adjacent to the first wafer, the second wafer defining a first opening, a second opening independent of the first opening, and a third opening independent of the first opening and the second opening; and a first cavity overlapping with the first opening;', 'a second cavity overlapping with the second opening and fluidly connected with the first cavity; and', 'a third cavity overlapping with the third opening and fluidly connected with the second cavity., 'a third wafer arranged with the second wafer and the first wafer to enclose2. The vapor cell of claim 1 , further comprising:a dissociable material deposited in the first cavity, the dissociable material initiated to dissociate a gas to be transferred to the second cavity.3. The vapor cell of claim 2 , wherein the dissociable material is deposited on the first wafer and facing the first cavity.4. The vapor cell of claim 1 , further comprising:a getter material deposited in the third cavity, the getter material configured to absorb a gas transferred to the second cavity.5. The vapor cell of claim 4 , wherein the ...

MAGNETIC FIELD SENSOR FOR USE IN A SECURITY ALARM SYSTEM

A proximity sensor comprises a magnet which generates a magnetic field and a magnetic field sensor. The magnetic field sensor includes a radio and an antenna which can transmit an output signal on a plurality of output frequencies. A microprocessor is programmed with a plurality of data protocols. Each of the output frequencies operates on at least one of the data protocols. There is a dip switch which is actuated to provide a code to the microprocessor. A data protocol is implemented by the microprocessor based on the code. There is a MEMS oscillator programmed to a discrete frequency based on the data protocol implemented by the microprocessor. The MEMS oscillator provides the discrete frequency to the radio. The radio is provided with single phase-locked loop which generates the output signal based on the discrete frequency. The single phase-locked loop may be a ×32 multiplier. 1. A magnetic field sensor , the magnetic field sensor comprising:a microprocessor;an indicator which turns on when a magnetic field is sensed and turns off when a magnetic field is not sensed, and wherein the microprocessor renders the indicator inoperable a predetermined period of time after the magnetic field sensor is powered up.2. A magnetic proximity sensor including a magnet which generates a magnetic field and a magnetic field sensor , the magnetic field sensor comprising:a microprocessor;an indicator which turns on when a magnetic field generated by the magnet is sensed and turns off when a magnetic field generated by the magnet is not sensed, and wherein the microprocessor renders the indicator inoperable a predetermined period of time after the magnetic field sensor is powered up.3. A magnetic proximity sensor including a magnet which generates a magnetic field and a magnetic field sensor , the magnetic field sensor comprising:a radio and an antenna which can transmit an output signal on a plurality of output frequencies;a microprocessor programmed with a plurality of data ...

Intruding metal detection method for induction type power supply system and related supplying-end module

An intruding metal detection method for a supplying-end module of an induction type power supply system having a supplying-end coil includes interrupting at least one driving signal of the induction type power supply system to stop driving the supplying-end coil during a measurement period, to generate a coil signal of the supplying-end coil; measuring a plurality of peaks of the coil signal within a plurality of consecutive oscillation cycles of the coil signal, to obtain a plurality of peak trigger voltages, respectively; calculating a first attenuation parameter according to a first peak trigger voltage and a second peak trigger voltage among the plurality of peak trigger voltages; and comparing the first attenuation parameter with a first threshold value to determine whether there is an intruding metal existing in a power supply range of the induction type power supply system.

MAGNETIC FIELD MEASUREMENT APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR NOISE ENVIRONMENT

In a magnetic field measurement apparatus and a magnetic field measurement method provided herein, a magnetic field from an object is measured by a magnetic sensor group including a plurality of magnetic sensors. Then, an estimated value of a common noise component included in observed quantities of the magnetic sensors of all the channels of the magnetic sensor group is obtained as an external magnetic noise component. Finally the magnetic signal from the object is calculated by subtracting the estimated value from the observed quantity of each of the magnetic sensors. 1. A magnetic field measurement apparatus comprising , a magnetic sensor group including a plurality of magnetic sensors;an average value calculating unit configured to calculate a common noise component commonly applied to observed quantities of the magnetic sensors of all channels of the magnetic sensor group; anda noise removing unit configured to detect a magnetic field from an object by subtracting the common noise component obtained by the average value calculating unit as an estimated value of a magnetic noise component from the observed quantity of each of the magnetic sensors.2. The magnetic field measurement apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the average value calculating unit calculates the common noise component by taking an average value of the observed quantities of the magnetic sensors of all the channels.3. The magnetic field measurement apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the average value calculating unit calculates claim 1 , as the common noise component claim 1 , an estimated value obtained by extrapolating the observed quantities of the magnetic sensors of the channels located on an outer side of the magnetic sensor group.4. A magnetic field measurement apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a noise estimating circuit configured to calculate an estimated value of the magnetic noise component of each of the magnetic sensors by taking a correlation between ...

METHODS OF DETERMINING PERFORMANCE INFORMATION FOR INDIVIDUALS AND SPORTS OBJECTS

Methods for determining performance information for an object located within an area include obtaining magnetic field information for the area, measuring first magnetic field data when the object is located at a first position within the area, and determining performance information for the object within the area based on the magnetic field information for the area and the first magnetic field data. 1. A method for mapping a magnetic field of an athletic field area , the method comprising:measuring magnetic field data at a plurality of locations within the athletic field area during a mapping session; andgenerating a map of the magnetic field of the athletic field area based on the measured magnetic field data.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of locations are equally spaced apart from one another.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the plurality of locations within the area comprises a boundary of the field of play.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the plurality of locations within the area comprises a goal.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:recording the mapping session using a video camera to generate video data for the athletic field area; andcorrelating the magnetic field data and the video data.6. A method for tracking a first object and a second object within an area during a period of time claim 1 , the method comprising:obtaining magnetic field data for the first object within the area during the period of time from a first sensor coupled to the first object;obtaining magnetic field data for the second object within the area during the period of time from a second sensor coupled to the second object; andtracking positions of the first object and the second object based on the obtained magnetic field data for the first and second object respectively received from the first and second sensors.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the first object and the second object are tracked in real time as they move ...

CONDITION MONITORING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MONITORING AN ELECTRICAL MACHINE

The present invention relates to a condition monitoring device and method for monitoring an electrical machine. The method comprises obtaining, at periodic instants, measurements from one or more sensors of the condition monitoring device, where each sensor is one of a magnetometer and an accelerometer. The method also comprises comparing, for one or more instants, amplitude data of the measurements with condition monitoring data, wherein the comparison is performed for the amplitude data in one or more axis and at one or more frequencies. The condition monitoring data comprises a relation between a plurality of parameters, a plurality of conditions and a plurality of frequencies. The method additionally comprises detecting a condition and at least one parameter associated with the condition, based on the comparison. According to the detection, the method comprises utilizing the measurements of the at least one parameter for determining a health condition of the electrical machine. 1. A method for monitoring an electrical machine with a condition monitoring device , the method comprising:{'b': '202', 'obtaining (), at periodic instants, measurements from one or more sensors of the condition monitoring device, wherein each sensor of the one or more sensors is one of a magnetometer and an accelerometer, and wherein the measurements are performed in a plurality of axis and at a plurality of frequencies, and wherein the measurements correspond to a measurement location determined based on a placement of the condition monitoring device relative to the electrical machine;'}{'b': '204', 'comparing (), for one or more instants, amplitude data of the measurements with condition monitoring data available at the condition monitoring device, wherein the comparison is performed for the amplitude data in one or more axis and at one or more frequencies, and wherein the condition monitoring data comprises a relation between a plurality of parameters, a plurality of conditions and ...

Rotation detection device

A rotation detection device includes a first mold IC, a second mold IC, and a housing. The first mold IC and the second mold IC are each housed in a point-symmetrical position with respect to a reference point in the housing. The housing includes a connector having (i) a first terminal electrically connected to the first mold IC, (ii) a second terminal electrically connected to the second mold IC, and (iii) a GND terminal that is electrically connected to both of the first and second mold ICs. The connector is arranged at a position corresponding to the reference point on the housing.

Magnetic-field sensor arrangement and method of calibrating a magnetic-field sensor of a magnetic-field sensor arrangement

A magnetic-field sensor is configured to provide a sensor output signal on the basis of a magnetic field acting on the sensor; an excitation-conductor array including several selectively driveable excitation conductors arranged at a distance from the magnetic-field sensor; driver for selectively driving the excitation conductors to generate different magnetic test fields in the magnetic-field sensor in different drive states by driving a different excitation conductor, and to generate a set of detected output signal values of the magnetic-field sensor in accordance with the different drive states; and evaluator configured to provide different parameter sets including comparison output signal values for the different drive states, the parameter sets representing variations of the architecture of the magnetic-field sensor including the excitation-conductor array, and further configured to determine, on the basis of the set of detected output signal values of the magnetic-field sensor, that parameter set whose comparison output signal values exhibit a best match with the set of detected output signal values.

MAGNETIC SENSOR CIRCUIT

Provided is a magnetic sensor circuit and includes: a magnetic sensor outputting a first sensor signal based on a magnetic flux density in a first direction; a magnetic sensor outputting a second sensor signal based on a magnetic flux density in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction; a signal processing circuit respectively obtaining a first detection signal and a second detection signal which transition between low and high levels based on the first magnetic sensor signal and the second magnetic sensor signal; a driver outputting a first output voltage based on the first detection signal; a driver outputting a second output voltage based on the second detection signal; and a voltage monitoring circuit generating mode signals whose signal levels transition based on transitions of voltage levels of the first output voltage and the second output voltage input thereto. 1. A magnetic sensor circuit , comprising:a first magnetic sensor which detects a magnetic flux density in a first direction and outputs a first sensor signal based on the detected magnetic flux density in the first direction;a second magnetic sensor which detects a magnetic flux density in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction and outputs a second sensor signal based on the detected magnetic flux density in the second direction;a signal processing circuit which contains a mode signal input port from which mode signals are received, a first sensor signal input port from which the first sensor signal is received, and a second sensor signal input port from which the second sensor signal is received, and which is configured to switch between a normal mode and a test mode in which a predetermined operation different from that of the normal mode is performed, wherein in the normal mode, a first detection signal which transitions between low and high levels is output based on the first sensor signal, while a second detection signal which transitions between low and high levels is ...

Navigation System And Method

Disclosed is a localizer system. The localizer system may be incorporated into a navigation system for tracking a tracking device. Generally, the localizer may include a transmitting coil array and a field shaping assembly. 1. A field shaping assembly , comprising:a conductive member having a first surface with a first area;a first magnetic permeable member having a second surface with a second surface area; anda second magnetic permeable member having a third surface with a third surface area;wherein the conductive member is placed between the first magnetic permeable member and the second magnetic permeable member.2. The field shaping assembly of claim 1 , wherein the first surface area is greater than a combined surface area of the second surface area and the third surface area.3. The field shaping assembly of claim 1 , further comprising:a spacer member placed between at least two of the conductive member, the first magnetic permeable member, and the second magnetic permeable member.4. The field shaping assembly of claim 1 , further comprising:a coil array including a first coil configured to generate a magnetic field relative to the conductive member, the first magnetic permeable member, and the second magnetic permeable member.5. The field shaping assembly of claim 1 , wherein the second magnetic permeable member has a perimeter that is greater than a perimeter of the conductive member and encounters at least a portion of the field generated by the first coil.6. The field shaping assembly of claim 5 , further comprising:a coil array including a plurality of coils, wherein the plurality of coils emit a magnetic field;wherein the coil array in combination with the conductive member, the first magnetic permeable member, and the second magnetic permeable member forms a diverse field.7. The field shaping assembly of claim 6 , wherein the diverse field includes a first vector of a first component of the emitted magnetic field that is diverse from a second vector of ...

Ambient electromagnetic distortion correction for electromagnetic tracking

Head-mounted augmented reality (AR) devices can track pose of a wearer's head to provide a three-dimensional virtual representation of objects in the wearer's environment. An electromagnetic (EM) tracking system can track head or body pose. A handheld user input device can include an EM emitter that generates an EM field, and the head-mounted AR device can include an EM sensor that senses the EM field (e.g., for determining head pose). The generated EM field may be distorted due to nearby electrical conductors or ferromagnetic materials, which may lead to error in the determined pose. Systems and methods are disclosed that measure the degree of EM distortion, as well as correct for the EM distortion. The EM distortion correction may be performed in real time by the EM tracking system without the need for additional data from imaging cameras or other sensors.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MAGNETOMETER CALIBRATION AND COMPENSATION

A system comprises an inertial measurement unit comprising one or more gyroscopes configured to measure angular velocity about a respective one of three independent axes and one or more accelerometers configured to measure specific force along a respective one of the three independent axes; a magnetometer configured to measure strength of a local magnetic field along each of the three independent axes; and a processing device coupled to the inertial measurement unit and the magnetometer; the processing device configured to compute kinematic state data for the system based on measurements received from the magnetometer and the inertial measurement unit. The processing device is further configured to calculate magnetometer measurement calibration parameters using a first technique when position data is unavailable and to calculate magnetometer measurement calibration parameters using a second technique when position data is available. 1. A system comprising:an inertial measurement unit comprising one or more gyroscopes configured to measure angular velocity about a respective one of three independent axes and one or more accelerometers configured to measure specific force along a respective one of the three independent axes;a magnetometer configured to measure strength of a local magnetic field along each of the three independent axes; anda processing device coupled to the inertial measurement unit and the magnetometer; the processing device configured to compute kinematic state data for the system based on measurements received from the magnetometer and the inertial measurement unit;wherein the processing device is further configured to calculate magnetometer measurement calibration parameters using a first technique when position data is unavailable and to calculate magnetometer measurement calibration parameters using a second technique when position data is available.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein to calculate magnetometer measurement calibration parameters ...

MAGNETIC PARTICLE IMAGING

A Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) system with a magnet configured to generate a magnetic field having a field free line, the system including at least one shim magnet configured to modify the magnetic field in a manner to maintain desired magnetic flux distributions during imaging. 1. A Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) system comprising: 'a field free line within the magnetic field having an axis and a center; and', 'a magnet configured to generate a magnetic field comprisinga first shim magnet positioned above the field free line, the first shim magnet configured to modify the magnetic field.2. The magnetic particle imaging system of further comprising a second shim magnet positioned below the field free line claim 1 , the second shim magnet configured to modify the magnetic field.3. The magnetic particle imaging system of wherein the first shim magnet is a passive shim.4. The magnetic particle imaging system of wherein the first shim magnet is an active shim.5. The magnetic particle imaging system of further comprising an angled shim magnet pointed generally toward the field-free line.6. The magnetic particle imaging system of wherein the first shim magnet is elongate.7. The magnetic particle imaging system of wherein the first shim magnet is configured to decrease a gradient along the axis of the field-free line.8. The magnetic particle imaging system of wherein the first shim magnet is configured to improve the fidelity of the field-free line.9. The magnetic particle imaging system of wherein the magnet does not include a flux return.10. The magnetic particle imaging system of further comprising a flux return integrated with the magnet and wherein the first shim magnet does not require water cooling.11. The magnetic particle imaging system of wherein at least the first shim magnet is configured to reshape the field free line to approximate an ellipsoidal field-free region.12. The magnetic particle imaging system of further comprising a control system configured ...

CURRENT SENSOR AND CURRENT SENSOR MODULE

A current sensor includes a conductor through which current to be measured flows and which has dimensions in a length direction, a width direction, and a height direction, and first and second magnetic sensors that detect the strength of a magnetic field generated by the current. Each of the first and second magnetic sensors is positioned in an area between first and second conductor portions in the width direction and an area extending from one end to the other end in the height direction of the first and second conductor portions. 1. A current sensor comprising:a conductor through which current to be measured flows and which has dimensions in a length direction, a width direction orthogonal or substantially orthogonal to the length direction, and a height direction orthogonal or substantially orthogonal to the length direction and the width direction; anda first magnetic sensor and a second magnetic sensor that detect a strength of a magnetic field generated by the current; wherein a first conductor portion that extends in the length direction and that includes a first end portion and a second end portion in the length direction;', 'a second conductor portion that extends in the length direction and is spaced apart from the first conductor portion in the width direction and that includes a third end portion and a fourth end portion in the length direction; and', 'a third conductor portion that is positioned between the first conductor portion and the second conductor portion, viewed from the height direction, that is positioned at one side of the height direction with respect to the first conductor portion and the second conductor portion, viewed from the length direction, and that includes a fifth end portion and a sixth end portion in the length direction;, 'the conductor includesthe sixth end portion is connected to the second end portion;the fifth end portion is connected to the third end portion; andeach of the first magnetic sensor and the second magnetic ...

TECHNIQUE FOR SELF LEARNING MOTOR LOAD PROFILE

Apparatus featuring a signal processor or signal processing module configured to: receive signaling containing information about a sampled leakage magnetic flux sensed from a motor, a motor load profile containing a learned leakage magnetic flux sensed from the motor and stored during a learning stage, and a user selectable band of tolerance related to the motor load profile to trigger an alarm condition for the motor; and determine corresponding signaling containing information about whether to trigger the alarm condition for the motor if the sampled leakage magnetic flux is outside the user selectable band of tolerance of the motor load profile, based upon the signaling received. The leakage magnetic flux may be sensed by, and/or received from, a motor flux leakage sensor arranged on an external surface of a frame of the motor. 1. Apparatus comprising: receive signaling containing information about a sampled leakage magnetic flux sensed from a motor, a motor load profile containing a learned leakage magnetic flux sensed from the motor and stored during a learning stage, and a user selectable band of tolerance related to the motor load profile to trigger an alarm condition for the motor; and', 'determine corresponding signaling containing information about whether to trigger the alarm condition for the motor if the sampled leakage magnetic flux is outside the user selectable band of tolerance of the motor load profile, based upon the signaling received., 'a signal processor or signal processing module configured to2. Apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the leakage magnetic flux is sensed by and received from a motor flux leakage sensor arranged on an external surface of a frame of the motor claim 1 , the motor's shaft or motor peripherals arranged within a magnetic field generated by the motor.3. Apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the motor flux leakage sensor is configured to connect to the signal processor having memory storage.4. Apparatus according ...

TECHNIQUE TO DETECT MOTOR LEAKAGE FLUX ANOMALIES

A signal processor is configured to receive signaling containing information about a sensed sinusoidal waveform of magnetic flux caused by a current flowing in a winding of a motor having a component of distortion caused at least in part by a magnetic flux created by the current flowing, and also about a pure sinusoidal waveform of a sensed fundamental frequency of the magnetic flux; and determine corresponding signaling containing information about anomalies in the motor that depends on a relationship between the sensed sinusoidal waveform and the pure sinusoid waveform, based upon the signaling received. The signaling may be sensed and provided by a motor magnetic flux sensor attached externally to the motor frame. 1. Apparatus comprising: receive signaling containing information about a sensed sinusoidal waveform of magnetic flux caused by a current flowing in a winding of a motor having a component of distortion caused at least in part by a magnetic flux created by the current flowing, and also about a pure sinusoidal waveform of a sensed fundamental frequency of the magnetic flux; and', 'determine corresponding signaling containing information about anomalies in the motor that depends on a relationship between the sensed sinusoidal waveform and the pure sinusoid waveform, based upon the signaling received., 'a signal processor configured to2. Apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the signaling is sensed by a motor magnetic flux sensor arranged in relation to the winding.3. Apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the apparatus comprises the motor magnetic flux sensor.4. Apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the apparatus comprises the motor having a motor frame; and the motor magnetic flux sensor is attached to the motor frame claim 2 , including where the motor frame is an outer motor frame and the motor magnetic flux sensor is a leakage magnetic flux sensor.5. Apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the sensed sinusoidal waveform has a sinewave ...

System and Method for Airborne Geophysical Exploration

A system and method for airborne geophysical exploration over the ground are disclosed. In one embodiment of the system, two towing bodies are towed behind an aircraft in flight in a vertically spaced-apart relation above a ground station. Respective magnetometer measurement instruments are located within each of the towing bodies and the ground station. Each magnetometer measurement instrument collects total field magnitude data to contribute to the magnetic vertical gradient data relative to magnetic crustal anomalies of geological origin and variations in an ambient magnetic field above the surface area of the survey. Each magnetometer measurement instrument also collects location, time, and inertial data substantially simultaneously with the total field magnitude data to provide position-correlated measurements thereof.