Формирователь 3D структуры лазерных импульсов

Изобретение относится к лазерным системам, а именно к устройствам формирования 3D эллипсоидального лазерного импульса. Формирователь 3D структуры лазерных импульсов включает в себя блоки профилирования лазерного импульса в вертикальной плоскости и в горизонтальной плоскости, состоящие из дифракционной решетки, цилиндрической линзы и помещенного в Фурье-плоскость компрессора диэлектрического зеркала с углом падения 0° с аналоговыми масками, а также блок профилирования лазерного импульса в поперечном сечении, содержащий третью аналоговую маску. Блоки транспортировки и поворота пучка обеспечивают перенос изображения сформированных резких пространственно-временных границ импульса, а также обход формирователя 3D структуры лазерных импульсов в двух ярусах. Технический результат - обеспечение резкой границы этого импульса, с небольшими потерями мощности излучения, легкое масштабирование пучка по поперечному размеру входного пучка для разных длин волн, включая гармоники основной частоты. 1 з.п.

Способ регистрации электромагнитного излучения в ИК, СВЧ и терагерцовом диапазонах длин волн

Изобретение относится к области измерительной техники и касается способа регистрации электромагнитного излучения в ИК, СВЧ и терагерцовом диапазонах длин волн. Способ включает в себя направление электромагнитного излучения на чувствительный элемент приемника излучения, преобразование его в тепловую или другой вид энергии и ее регистрацию. Перед чувствительным элементом приемника, со стороны падающего на него излучения, размещают диэлектрическое устройство, формируют непосредственно на его выходе локальную область сконцентрированного электромагнитного поля с поперечными размерами порядка λ/3-λ/4, где λ - длина волны падающего излучения, и помещают в эту локальную область чувствительный элемент приемника. Технический результат заключается в повышении чувствительности и быстродействия приемников электромагнитного излучения. 5 з.п. ф-лы, 3 ил.

Optical arrangement, for quantitative measurement of optical axis position of optoelectronic sensor system, with which diffraction image is created and compared with reference image to enable adjustments to be made

Device for quantitative measurement of the optical axis position of an optoelectronic sensor system in which light from a parallel radiation source (9) is detected by a sensor system (2). Between radiation source and sensor system is a diffractive medium (6) that generates a diffraction image in the sensor plane, the position of which is dependent on linear and rotation displacement of the source. The image is compared with a reference image and dependent on the comparison a movement system (7) is used to adjust the position of the source until the diffraction image matches the reference image within a given limit. An independent claim is included for a method using the above arrangement.

Bilderzeugungseinrichtung für eine Kopf-oben-Anzeigevorrichtung eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit Ablenkeinheit, Kopf-oben-Anzeigevorrichtung sowie Kraftfahrzeug

Bilderzeugungseinrichtung (3) für eine Kopf-oben-Anzeigevorrichtung (2) eines Kraftfahrzeugs (2), mit einer Bildschirmeinheit (19) zum Erzeugen eines Bildes, mit einer Beleuchtungseinheit (12) zum Aussenden von Licht, wobei die Beleuchtungseinheit (12) in einem vorbestimmten Winkel geneigt zu einer zu beleuchtenden Fläche (22) der Bildschirmeinheit (19) angeordnet ist, und mit einer Ablenkeinheit (23), welche zwischen der Beleuchtungseinheit (12) und der Bildschirmeinheit (19) angeordnet ist und welche dazu ausgelegt ist, das von der Beleuchtungseinheit (12) ausgesendete Licht zur Hintergrundbeleuchtung der Bildschirmeinheit (19) auf die zu beleuchtende Fläche (22) der Bildschirmeinheit (19) abzulenken,wobei die Ablenkeinheit (23) dazu ausgelegt ist, das von der Beleuchtungseinheit (12) ausgesendete Licht zu einer Normalen (n) der zu beleuchtenden Fläche (22) der Bildschirmeinheit (19) hin abzulenken,dadurch gekennzeichnet, dassdie Bildschirmeinheit (19) einen Bildschirm (20) und einen ...

A projector

Diffractive optical element

Diffraction optical element, object optical system, optical pickup device and optical information recording/reproducing device

An optical system for laser excitation and collection of fluorescence emissions

GEOMETRICAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN OPTICS

... 1502127 Optical geometric transformations XEROX CORP 20 Oct 1975 [27 Jan 1975] 42985/75 Heading G2J Geometrical image transformations from a first plane to a second plane such as co-ordinate transformations and local translation, inversion, reflection, stretching and rotation (e.g. for field flattening, spatially filtering optical data, coding and decoding optical data or imaging on curved surfaces) are performed by (a) forming an object distribution 30 at the first plane (b) placing a lens 34 between the first and second plane 38 so that it is spaced from each plane by a distance equal to its focal length fL and (c) positioning a transfer member 36, having a predetermined varying phase profile, adjacent the object distribution 30. The varying phase profile corresponds to the desired transformation and a light distribution corresponding to this transformation is formed at the second plane 38. In Fig. 2 the transfer member 36 is a phase filter made up of prisms 42 and lenses 44. Illumination ...

Process and device of measurement of transfer transfer function.

PHASE DIVERSITY WAVE FRONT SENSOR

FIBER COUPLER, SYSTEM AND ASSOCIATED ONE PROCEDURE FOR THE REDUCTION OF BACK REFLECTIONS

POINTWISE SCANNING OF AN INFORMATION SURFACE

METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR REDUCING STRAY LIGHT EMISSION FROM AN EYEPIECE OF AN OPTICAL IMAGING SYSTEM

An eyepiece for a head-mounted display includes one or more first waveguides arranged to receive light from a spatial light modulator at a first edge, guide at least some of the received light to a second edge opposite the first edge, and extract at least some of the light through a face of the one or more first waveguides between the first and second edges. The eyepiece also includes a second waveguide positioned to receive light exiting the one or more first waveguides at the second edge and guide the received light to one or more light absorbers.

HOLOGRAPHIC REALITY SYSTEM, MULTIVIEW DISPLAY, AND METHOD

A holographic reality system and multiview display monitor a user position and provide virtual haptic feedback to the user. The holographic reality system includes a multiview display configured to display a multiview image, a position sensor configured to monitor the user position, and a virtual haptic feedback unit configured to provide the virtual haptic feedback. An extent of the virtual haptic feedback corresponds to an extent of a virtual control within the multiview image. The holographic reality multiview display includes an array of multiview pixels configured to provide different views of the multiview image by modulating directional light beams having directions corresponding to the different views and an array of multibeam elements configured to provide the directional light beams to corresponding multiview pixels.

MODE-SWITCHABLE BACKLIGHT, DISPLAY, AND METHOD

A mode-switchable backlight and mode-switchable display employ a first planar backlight to emit broad-angle emitted light during a first mode and a second planar backlight to emit directional emitted light during a second mode. The second planar backlight includes a plate light guide and an array of multibeam elements configured to scatter out guided light from the light guide during a second mode as the directional emitted light including a plurality of directional light beams having principal angular directions corresponding to view directions of a multiview image. The mode-switchable display further includes t a light valve array configured to modulate the broad-angle emitted light to provide a two-dimensional image during the first mode and to modulate the directional emitted light to provide a multiview image during the second mode.

NEAR EYE 3D DISPLAY WITH SEPARATE PHASE AND AMPLITUDE MODULATORS

Augmented reality glasses include near eye displays the include sources of imagewise amplitude modulated light optical coupled to spatial phase modulators or active zone plate modulators and optically coupled to eye coupling optics. The sources of imagewise amplitude modulated light can include emissive 2D display panels or light sources coupled to imagewise amplitude modulators. The eye coupling optics can include volume holographic diffraction gratings.

METHOD OF MODULATION OF OPTICAL RADIATION, THE ELECTROOPTICAL MODULA TOR (VARIANTS) AND THE ELECTROOPTICAL DEVICE (VARIANTS)

The invention relates to light modulation by controlling intensity and phase characteristics of a light flux with the aid of relief-phase deformations and a surface-plasmon resonance effect and can be used for high-sensitive and high- resolution sensors for gas, liquid and solid dielectric media and for television, press, communications means, fibre-optical switching and filtering means, quick operating line and matrix printers and in the form of variable diffraction grids, etc. The inventive modulation method, two embodiments of the electrooptical modulator and two embodiments of the electrooptical device which make it possible to carry out the inventive method are based on the use of the dependence of the surface-plasmon resonance effect upon a radiation angle of incidence to a deformable metal layer arranged between two deformable dielectric layers. The incidence angle is modifiable by deforming a metal layer by an external field action produced on an interface. The aim of said invention ...

DIFFRACTION GRATING

LIGHT SOURCE DEVICE

A device for generating a second harmonic from a laser source is disclosed. The light from the laser passes through an optical fiber in which the second harmonic is generated. The light exiting from the optical fiber has a conical wave surface which is incident upon a collimating lens. Because the collimating lens has a diffraction lattice formed thereon, it is easy and efficient to collimate the second harmonic. It is also possible to decrease the size of the apparatus due to the use of the diffraction lattice formed on the collimator lens. This enable such a device to be particulary useful with a small sized light source such as a semiconductor laser.

Optische Anordnung zur bildlichen Darstellung von Binärsignalen

MICRO-OPTICAL SYSTEM FOR FORMING VISUAL IMAGES WITH KINEMATIC MOTION EFFECTS

MICROOPTICAL SYSTEM FOR FORMATION OF VISUAL IMAGES WITH KINEMATIC MOTION EFFECTS

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PATTERN GENERATION MOBILE INTERFERENCE FRINGES

DIFFRACTION IMAGE PROJECTION PRINTING OF PHOTORESIST MASKING LAYERS

APPARATUS FOR DERIVING VIDEO SIGNALS

OPTICAL SYSTEM PROVIDED With a DEVICE Of INCREASE IN SA Depth of field

Pour augmenter la profondeur de champ d'un système optique on réalise une inversion de chromatisme. On tient compte de ce que, en lumière naturelle, les utilisateurs privilégient pour leurs photographies, des prises d'image à grandes distances, en extérieur, où l'illuminant est plutôt composé de bleu, et des prises d'images à courtes distances, en intérieur, où l'illuminant est plutôt composé de rouge. Alors que les dispositifs optiques focalisent naturellement les composantes bleues à une distance plus courtes que les composantes rouges, ce qui est alors défavorable, avec l'inversion de chromatisme, on rétablit une focalisation plus adaptée aux besoins.

THE SUBMICROMETER DIFFRACTIVE COMPONENT BROADBAND WAVELENGTH SPECTRACLE

REPRESENTATION AND FRICTION ARTICLE

TRANSPARENT DISPLAY AND METHOD

Horizontal parallax multiview display having slanted multibeam columns and method for displaying multiview images

OPTICAL HEAD DEVICE, AND OPTICAL TYPE INFORMATION RECORDING/REPRODUCING DEVICE

Provided are an optical head device and an optical type information recording/reproducing device, which can record and reproduce optical recording media of at least three kinds of different standards. A light emanating from a semiconductor laser (1a) is condensed on a disk (6) by an objective lens (5), and a reflected light from the disk (6) is received by an optical detector (9). The disk (6) belongs to one of the BD standard, the HD DVD standard, the DVD standard and the CD standard. In the optical system, there is disposed a liquid crystal refracting lens (11) or a variable focal-point lens, which can change the focal distance continuously within a predetermined range. The liquid crystal refracting lens (11) has an electrode, and corrects, when the voltage applied to the electrode is changed, such a spherical aberration in the emanating light as changes with the kind of the disk (6). Moreover, a liquid crystal aperture control element (16a) has an electrode, and changes the effective ...

METHOD FOR OBSERVING AT LEAST ONE OBJECT, SUCH AS A BIOLOGICAL ENTITY, AND ASSOCIATED IMAGING SYSTEM

This method for observing at least one object is implemented using an imaging system. It comprises the following steps: illuminating (110), with a light source, one or more objects; acquiring (120), using a photodetector matrix, a diffraction pattern, the diffraction pattern corresponding to an image of waves diffracted by the one or more objects when they are illuminated along an illumination direction, the one or more objects, such as biological entities, being placed between the light source and the photodetector matrix in the illumination direction. The method furthermore comprises, before the illuminating step (110), bringing (100) at least one marker into contact with the one or more objects, the or each marker being able to fasten to a corresponding object, the fastening of said marker to said object being such as to increase at least one characteristic property among the absorption and optical phase shift of said object.

AN OPTICAL SYSTEM FOR LASER EXCITATION AND COLLECTION OF FLUORESCENCE EMISSIONS

An optical system, such as a microscope or spectroscope, for stimulating a sample and collecting fluoresced light emitted from that sample. The system has a focusing element for focusing light onto the sample, and a collector for collecting light emitted from the sample and directing it towards a detector. To reduce the effects of background fluorescence, the focusing element is a diffractive optical element.

Tunable dispersion compensator

A tunable dispersion compensator includes a collimating unit that collimates an incident light to output a parallel light, a parallel shifting unit that spatially shifts the parallel light from the collimating unit within a predetermined range, and an optical-path-length providing unit that provides optical path length of light corresponding to a position at which light output from the parallel shifting unit is input.

Diffractive indicia for a surface

PCT No. PCT/AU94/00723 Sec. 371 Date Apr. 12, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Apr. 12, 1996 PCT Filed Nov. 23, 1994 PCT Pub. No. WO95/14954 PCT Pub. Date Jun. 1, 1995Diffractive indicia for a surface (1) comprising a plurality of small separate diffractive elements (2) and means for a adhering the diffractive elements to the surface. Each diffractive element has a diffractive surface relief structure and is not separately resolvable to the human eye. The appearance of the diffractive indicia, when applied to the surface, changes when the viewing angle and/or angle of illumination relative to the surface changes. In preferred arrangements, the diffractive indicia, are incorporated in an ink or a transfer medium. A palette of diffractive indicia with different characteristic colours and other optical properties may be provided.

Standard and color television reproduction from superposed monochrome images apparatus and method

Phase and/or amplitude diffraction gratings superposed on component scenes stored on a monochromatic storage medium are scanned by a flying spot scanner. Photoelectric transducers such as photocells are positioned to sense first order aperture images produced thereby. Signals generated by the photocells can be used to reconstruct a composite scene comprising the component scenes as from color separation scenes. In addition, a single scene can be reproduced by the use of a single photocell and selective scene storage retrieval.

FABRICATION OF MULTILAYER NANOGRATING STRUCTURES

Provided are nanograting structures and methods of fabrication thereof that allow for stable, robust gratings and nanostructure embedded gratings that enhance electromagnetic field, fluorescence, and photothermal coupling through surface plasmon or, photonic resonance. The gratings produced exhibit long term stability of the grating structure and improved shelf life without degradation of the properties such as fluorescence enhancement. Embodiments of the invention build nanograting structures layer-by-layer to optimize structural and optical properties and to enhance durability.

DISPERSIVE ELEMENT, SPECTROMETER AND METHOD TO SPECTRALLY SEPARATE WAVELENGTHS OF LIGHT INCIDENT ON A DISPERSIVE ELEMENT

A dispersive element is disclosed which is designed to receive incident light () and disperse the incident light () into multiple spatially separated wavelengths of light. The dispersive body (DB) comprises a collimation cavity (COLL) to collimate the incident light (), at least two optical interfaces (PRIS) to receive and disperse the collimated light () and a collection cavity (CLCT) to collect the dispersed light () from the at least two dispersive interfaces (op op) and to focus the collected light (). 1. A dispersive element to receive incident light and disperse the incident light into multiple spatially separated wavelengths of light , having a dispersive body comprising:a collimation cavity to collimate the incident light;at least two optical interfaces to receive and disperse the collimated light; anda collection cavity to collect the dispersed light from the at least two dispersive interfaces and to focus the collected light.2. A dispersive element according to claim 1 , wherein the dispersive body is optically transparent.3. A dispersive element according to or claim 1 , wherein the dispersive body has a high dispersion of index of refraction.4. A dispersive element according to claim 1 , wherein the dispersive body is made of a thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic material claim 1 , in particular made of polycarbonate.5. A dispersive element according to claim 1 , wherein the at least two optical interfaces are comprised by a prism cavity situated inside the dispersive body.6. A dispersive element according to claim 1 , wherein the collimation cavity claim 1 , the collection cavity and the least two optical interfaces are each comprised by the dispersive body and filled with a material of lower index of refraction compared to the index of refraction of the dispersive body.7. A dispersive element according to claim 1 , wherein the collimation cavity claim 1 , the collection cavity and the least two optical interfaces are at least partly open to ambient ...

Method and system for adjusting light pattern for structured light imaging

A system and a method for producing an adjustable light pattern are provided herein. The system may include: a transmitter configured to illuminate a scene with a patterned light being adjusted based on predefined criteria; a receiver configured to receive reflections of the adjusted patterned light; and a computer processor configured to control the adjustment of the patterned light and further analyze the received reflections, to yield a depth map of objects within the scene, wherein the transmitter may include: a light source configured to produce a light beam; a first reflector tiltable approximately along a line on an x-y plane in a Cartesian x-y-z coordinate system; and a second reflector tiltable along a z-axis in said coordinate system, wherein the reflectors are tilted along their respective axes back and forth so as to divert the light beam for creating the adjusted patterned light.

DIFFRACTION GRATING FOR USE WITH A MULTI-LAYERED DISPLAY SYSTEM

A display device is described and includes a first display screen including a mask pattern of a pixel. The display device includes a second display screen including the mask pattern, wherein the second display screen is located further from a front of the display device than the first display screen, wherein the front of the display device is closest to a viewer. The display device includes a diffraction element configured to copy the mask pattern of the second display screen into one or more viewable copies in order to minimize moiré interference with the mask pattern of the first display screen.

Tunable dispersion compensator

A tunable dispersion compensator includes a collimating unit that collimates an incident light to output a parallel light, a demultiplexing unit, a parallel shifting unit that spatially shifts the parallel light from the collimating unit within a predetermined range, and an optical-path-length providing unit that provides optical path length of light corresponding to a position at which light output from the parallel shifting unit is input. The latter unit comprises a VIPA plate and a movable free surface mirror.

СОСТАВНОЙ РАСШИРИТЕЛЬ ВЫХОДНОГО ЗРАЧКА

... 1. Устройство, включающее !составную подложку из оптического материала, имеющую первую поверхность и вторую поверхность, причем указанная составная подложка включает первую часть и вторую часть, которые физически разделены и установлены с возможностью поворота относительно друг друга в заранее заданном диапазоне углов вокруг линии, разделяющей первую и вторую части; ! два дифракционных элемента, расположенных на первой или второй поверхности и установленных с возможностью приема входного оптического пучка, причем один из двух дифракционных элементов расположен на первой части подложки, а второй дифракционный элемент расположен на второй части подложки соответственно, и указанные два дифракционных элемента расположены, по существу, рядом друг с другом и прилегают к указанной линии, разделяющей первую и вторую части подложки; и ! два дополнительных дифракционных элемента, расположенных на первой или второй поверхности подложки, причем один из двух дополнительных дифракционных элементов расположен ...

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ УВЕЛИЧЕНИЯ ГЛУБИНЫ ФОКУСА

... 1. Устройство для формирования изображения, содержащее формирующий изображение линзовый блок, включающий, по меньшей мере, одну линзу, имеющую определенную апертуру, которая может быть перестроена, и, по меньшей мере, один оптический элемент, ассоциированный с указанной, по меньшей мере, одной линзой и выполненный с возможностью обеспечить увеличенную глубину фокуса указанного устройства, причем указанный оптический элемент сконфигурирован, как недифракционный оптический элемент, влияющий на фазу и задающий фазовый сдвиг посредством деталей с низкими пространственными частотами, при этом оптический элемент совместно с ассоциированной с ним линзой образует заданный паттерн, сформированный пространственно разделенными оптически прозрачными деталями, обладающими различными оптическими свойствами, тогда как положение, по меньшей мере, одного участка фазового сдвига на оптическом элементе в пределах плоскости линзы определяется, по меньшей мере, размером указанной апертуры. 2. Устройство по ...

Einrichtung zur Korrektur der Wellenlängenabhängigkeit in beugungsbasierten optischen Systemen

Einrichtung (1) zur Korrektur der Wellenlängenabhängigkeit in beugungsbasierten optischen Systemen, enthaltend mindestens einen diffraktiven optischen, mit steuerbaren Strukturen (2, 3) versehenen Lichtmodulator (4) und mindestens eine Lichtquelle (5) zur Beleuchtung des Lichtmodulators (4), wobei zugehörige wellenlängenabhängige Beugungsordnungen (7, 8) entstehen, die wellenlängenabhängig einen auf die Flächennormale (9) des Lichtmodulators (4) bezogenen lateralen chromatischen Versatz (D) bezüglich der Lage ihrer unterschiedlichen Ausdehnungen (BOR, BOG, BOB) in einer durch die Brennweite eines nachfolgenden optischen Systems festgelegten Filterebene (10) aufweisen, wobei dem diffraktiven Lichtmodulator (4) ein refraktives optisch fokussierendes System (11, 30, 31) nachgeordnet ist, dessen chromatische Eigenschaften bezüglich der gleichzahligen wellenlängenabhängigen Beugungsordnungen auf die chromatische Diffraktion der gleichen gleichzahligen Beugungsordnungen des Lichtmodulators (4 ...

BELEUCHTUNGSVORRICHTUNG UND PROJEKTOR

Zusammenfassung: Diese Beleuchtungsvorrichtung ist mit Folgendem bereitgestellt: einer Lichtquelleneinheit, die mindestens ein farbiges Licht emittiert sowie für jedes farbige Licht Licht emittiert, das mehrere Spitzenwellenlängen aufweist, die voneinander verschieden sind; und einem Beugungselement, das mehrere unterteilte Bereiche aufweist, auf welche Licht fällt, das für jedes farbige Licht jeweils eine Spitzenwellenlänge aufweist, sowie auf jedem der unterteilten Bereiche ein Beugungsmuster anzeigt, das von jeder der Spitzenwellenlängen optimiert wird.

Multi-depth displays

Zero order diffractive structure security devices

A security device comprises a zero order diffractive microstructure (5) buried within a substrate 3. One or more further optical structures, such as microlenses 1 or sawtooth (20, fig 2), may be formed on a surface 2 of the substrate (3). The further optical structures modify the optical characteristics of the zero order diffractive microstructures 5. A material with a colour filter function may be added between the surface of the device 34 and the microstructures 33. Chromophores 31 may be added to the polymer 32. These may be bleached by a laser 40 to write a barcode. The device may be combined with a hologram.

OPTICAL DATA STORAGE SYSTEMS CORONA DISCHARGE METHOD OF DEPLETING ALKALI METAL IONS FROM A GLASS SURFACE REGION

... 1446499 Controlling light INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP 29 July 1974 [20 Sept 1973] 33367/74 Heading H4F [Also in Division G2] A waveguide for focusing a light source 103 on to the track of a movable optical data storage medium using a lens 104 and crossed slits 126 and 120 ... 124, see Division G2, has an acoustical transducer 127 to direct light into a selected slit 120 &c. Bandwidth may be increased by an overlay 128 of ZnO or AlN, and one slit (129), see Fig. 8 (not shown) may replace the separate ones 120 ... 124.

Optical analyser and signal processor

An incoherent light beam is analysed by transmitting the beam along a dispersive optical fibre 5 to effect temporal dispersion and then through a diffraction grating 9 to effect spatial dispersion. The light emerging from the diffraction grating then forms a pattern which, with time, changes both its frequency and its position. The arrangement can be used in a filter for an intensity modulated beam. Light emerging from the diffraction grating is focussed at 11 onto a coded mask 14 of transmissive and opaque sections representing a filter function or a signal for correlation. The output from the mask is focussed onto a photo-detector 17. The mask and detector 17 may be omitted, the arrangement then being used to scan a page of information. A two-dimensional and an array of photo-detectors may be employed to effect transforms or filtering. ...

SAFETY DEVICE

Diffractive indicia for a surface

Diffraction grating light doubling collection system

Method and system for adjusting light pattern for structured light imaging

A system and a method for producing an adjustable light pattern are provided herein. The system may include: a transmitter configured to illuminate a scene with a patterned light being adjusted based on predefined criteria; a receiver configured to receive reflections of the adjusted patterned light; and a computer processor configured to control the adjustment of the patterned light and further analyze the received reflections, to yield a depth map of objects within the scene, wherein the transmitter may include: a light source configured to produce a light beam; a first reflector tiltable approximately along a line on an x-y plane in a Cartesian x-y-z coordinate system; and a second reflector tiltable along a z-axis in said coordinate system, wherein the reflectors are tilted along their respective axes back and forth so as to divert the light beam for creating the adjusted patterned light.

Method and apparatus for simulating electromagnetic radiation path modifying devices

A method and apparatus for creating an atmospheric electromagnetic radiation path modifying element (40) operative to simulate a physical optical device, the method comprising applying electromagnetic radiation to a selected plurality of three-dimensional portions (12 –Figure 3) of an atmospheric volume (10) so as to heat and/or ionise the air within said portions, wherein said selected portions are spatially located together in a substantially unbroken three-dimensional configuration.

An optical beam director

Disclosed herein is a system and method for facilitating estimation of a spatial profile of an environment based on a light detection and ranging (LiDAR) based technique. In one arrangement, the present disclosure facilitates spatial profile estimation based on directing light over one dimension, such as along the vertical direction. In another arrangement, by further directing the one-dimensionally directed light in another dimension, such as along the horizontal direction, the present disclosure facilitates spatial profile estimation based on directing light in two dimensions.

Laser housing and dual light source lighting device with laser

Disclosed herein is a housing for containing a laser and lens for use in a laser light projection display, and a lighting device incorporating the laser within the housing and other light sources, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The laser and lens are secured within a housing and maintain a spaced distance using a spacer. The lighting device uses the laser in combination with LEDs arrayed around the laser to provide a dual source light.

STANDARD AND COLOR TELEVISION REPRODUCTION FROM SUPERPOSED MONOCHROME IMAGES APPARATUS AND METHOD

OPTICAL LOW PASS FILTER FOR A SOLID STATE COLOR CAMERA

An optical filter for use in a solid state color camera containing a plurality of solid state image sensing devices, the filter including a first crystal plate for separating an incident ray into an ordinary ray and extraordinary rays in a direction of 45.degree. with respect to the horizontal scanning direction of said solid state image sensing devices, a second crystal plate for separating the incident ray thereof into an ordinary ray and extraordinary rays in a direction which coincides with the horizontal scanning direction, and a third crystal plate for separating the incident ray into an ordinary ray and extraordinary ray in a direction of -45.degree. with respect to the horizontal scanning direction. The second crystal plate is located between the first and third crystal plates, and the three plates are bonded together in the form of a laminate. The optical filter thus produced provides a point diffusion for an incident ray to direct the diffused rays on the solid state image sensing ...

FULL-COLOR ZERO-ORDER SUPPRESSED DIFFRACTION OPTICS DIFFUSING SCREEN/LOUVER FILTER LAMINATE

FULL-COLOR ZERO-ORDER SUPPRESSED DIFFRACTION OPTICS DIFFUSING SCREEN/LOUVER FILTER LAMINATE A full-color holographic screen laminate is disclosed, having a well-defined exit pupil, off-axis viewing capabilities, high and uniform gain, and low backscatter, and in addition the capabilities of blocking the zeroorder beam and allowing full-color viewing. The laminate in one preferred form includes several layers, including a plano-convex focusing lens, a directional diffraction optics diffusing screen, and a thin plane-parallel laminate consisting of a plano-concave cylindrical lens, a slanted louver filter, and a plano-convex cylindrical lens. The lenses can be made out of contrast enhancement material. The louver filter is curved so that the louvers are oriented parallel to the line of sight across the entire louver surface. The plano-convex lens focuses the light, the diffusion screen bends and diffuses the light, the louver filter passes the diffracted light but blocks the zero-order light ...

APPARATUS FOR USING OPTICAL TWEEZERS TO MANIPULATE MATERIALS

A method and apparatus for control of optical trap arrays and formation of particle arrays using light that is in the visible portion of the spectrum. The method and apparatus provides a laser and a time variable diffractive optical element to allow dynamic control of optical trap arrays and consequent control of particle arrays and also the ability to manipulate singular objects using a plurality of optical traps. By avoiding wavelengths associated with strong absorption in the underlying material, creating optical traps with a continuous-wave laser, optimizing the efficiency of individual traps, and trapping extended samples at multiple points, the rate of deleterious nonlinear optical processes can be minimized.

HORIZONTAL PARALLAX MULTIVIEW DISPLAY AND METHOD HAVING SLANTED MULTIBEAM COLUMNS

A horizontal parallax multiview display employs a plurality of slanted multibeam columns to scatter out of a light guide a plurality of directional light beams having different principal angular directions corresponding to view directions of the multiview display. The slanted multibeam columns may provide the multiview displays with a balanced resolution.

MULTICOLOR STATIC MULTIVIEW DISPLAY AND METHOD

A multicolor static multiview display and method of multicolor static multiview display operation provide a color static multiview image using diffractive gratings to diffractively scatter light from guided light beams having a selectable color and different radial directions. The multicolor static multiview display includes a light guide configured to guide plurality of guided light beams and a multicolor light source configured to provide the guided light beam plurality having the selectable color and the different radial directions. The multicolor static multiview display further includes a plurality of diffraction gratings configured to provide from a portion of the guided light beams directional light beams having a color, intensities, and principal angular directions corresponding to color view pixels of the color static multiview image.

DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL DEVICE PROVIDING STRUCTURED LIGHT

A diffractive optical element including microstructures, along a surface of an optical material, having a phase profile to diffract input illumination into structured light of a plurality of different diffraction orders; wherein the phase profile is at least partially phase unwrapped is disclosed. Methods of generating the diffractive optical element is also disclosed.

SWITCHABLE DIRECTIONAL INFRARED RADIATION SOURCE

The invention relates to a source (100) of directional radiation in an IR band. This source comprises at least one substrate (10) and an external layer (20) comprising controllable cells (51) formed from a material that changes phase depending on its temperature relative to a temperature Tc for which the corresponding wavelength is located in the IR band, which material possesses a crystalline phase (11) and an amorphous phase (11'); and means for controlling the phase change of the cells (51), so as to form, in this external layer (20), a diffraction grating (50) when the cells are switched to the amorphous phase, in order thus to obtain a switchable directional source.

MICRO-OPTICAL SYSTEM FOR FORMING VISUAL IMAGES WITH KINEMATIC MOTION EFFECTS

Laser projection module, depth camera and electronic device

Display device and backlight unit comprising a holographic optical element

Optical pickup apparatus, objective optical element and optical information recording reproducing apparatus

PROCEDE ET DISPOSITIF D'ANALYSE DE TRACES SUR UNE SURFACE

L'INVENTION CONCERNE UN PROCEDE ET UN DISPOSITIF D'ANALYSE DE TRACES SUR UNE SURFACE. LES TRACES SONT FORMEES DE DOMAINES D COMPRENANT CHACUN UN RESEAU DE LIGNES L SEPAREES PAR DES PAS CONSTANTS OU VARIABLES ET ORIENTES PAR RAPPORT A UNE DIRECTION DE REFERENCE R. LE PROCEDE CONSISTE A BALAYER LA SURFACE L PAR UN FAISCEAU DE LUMIERE MONOCHROMATIQUE COHERENTE, POUR ILLUMINER CHAQUE DOMAINE D, PUIS A OBTENIR L'IMAGE DE DIFFRACTION DE CHAQUE DOMAINE DANS UN PLAN DE FOURIER P, CHAQUE IMAGE COMPRENANT UNE TACHE CENTRALE T ET DEUX TACHES LATERALES T, T. LE PROCEDE EST CARACTERISE EN CE QU'IL CONSISTE AUSSI A DETERMINER, POUR CHAQUE DOMAINE D, A PARTIR DE SON IMAGE DE DIFFRACTION, L'ORIENTATION MOYENNE A DES LIGNES DU RESEAU PAR RAPPORT A LA DIRECTION DE REFERENCE R, LE PAS MOYEN DES LIGNES DU RESEAU, LA DISPERSION DANS LES PAS P DES LIGNES, AINSI QUE LA DISPERSION ANGULAIRE TH DE CES LIGNES. APPLICATION A L'ETUDE DE STRUCTURES LAMELLAIRES.

DIFFRACTION IMAGE PROJECTION PRINTING OF PHOTORESIST MASKING LAYERS

SWITCHABLE DIRECTIONAL INFRARED RADIATION SOURCE

Correction pattern gaining apparatus for correction of noise by optical element included in display and method of gaining noise using the same

SPATIAL LIGHT MODULATING UNIT, ILLUMINATION OPTICAL SYSTEM, ALIGNER, AND DEVICE MANUFACTURING METHOD

MICROSCOPE OBJECTIVE LENS

Disclosed is a microscope objective lens (OL) comprising, in sequence from the object side, a first lens group (G1) having positive refractive power, a second lens group (G2), and a third lens group (G3) having negative refractive power, wherein the first lens group (G1) includes a positive lens component (L1) with a lens surface having negative refractive power and at least one cemented lens component (CL11) having positive refractive power; the second lens group (G2) includes a diffractive optical element (GD) with a diffractive optical surface (D) in which two diffraction elements (L6, L7) of different optical materials are cemented and a diffractive grating groove is formed on the cemented interface thereof, and at least one cemented lens component (CL21); and the third lens group (G3) includes at least one color correction lens component (CL31). The surface of the lens of the third lens group (G3) nearest to the image side is a concave surface disposed towards the image side.

Optical profilometry of additional-material deviations in a periodic grating

Disclosed is a method and system for measurement of periodic gratings which have deviations which result in more than two materials occurring along at least one line in the periodic direction. A periodic grating is divided into a plurality of hypothetical layers, each hypothetical layer having a normal vector orthogonal to the direction of periodicity, each hypothetical layer having a single material within any line parallel to the normal vector, and at least one of the hypothetical layers having at least three materials along a line in the direction of periodicity. A harmonic expansion of the permittivity ε or inverse permittivity 1/ε is performed along the direction of periodicity for each of the layers including the layer which includes the first, second and third materials. Fourier space electromagnetic equations are then set up in each of the layers using the harmonic expansion of the permittivity E or inverse permittivity 1/ε, and Fourier components of electric and magnetic fields ...

Incoherent laser system for producing smooth and controllable spatial illumination profiles

A technique called echelon-free ISI produces smooth, controllable target beam profiles with large KrF fusion lasers. The technique projects the desired time-averaged spatial profile F(r) onto the target via a laser system, using partially coherent broadband light. The information needed to reproduce F(r) is transported through the system by a multitude of independent coherence zones, whose diameters are small compared to scalelengths of linear aberration and gain nonuniformities; as a result F(r) remains relatively insensitive to these effects. Under conditions applicable to large KrF lasers, perturbations due to linear aberration, self-focusing, gain saturation, and diffraction, will result in a small broadening and smoothing of F(r), whose functional form should be controllable to within a few percent.

Optical pickup apparatus, objective optical element and optical information recording reproducing apparatus

An optical pickup apparatus according to the present invention includes: a first light source for emitting a first light flux; a second light source for emitting a second light flux; a third light source for emitting a third light flux; and an objective optical element. The objective optical element has an optical surface including at least two areas provided with optical path difference providing structures. The objective optical element converges the first to third light fluxes each passing through the predetermined areas on the objective optical element onto respective information recording surfaces of the first to third optical disks. The optical pickup apparatus provides a wavelength dependency of a spherical aberration so as to correct a change in a spherical aberration due to a refractive index change with a temperature change of the objective optical element.

ACTIVE BEAM SHAPING SYSTEM AND METHOD USING SEQUENTIAL DEFORMABLE MIRRORS

An active optical beam shaping system includes a first deformable mirror arranged to at least partially intercept an entrance beam of light and to provide a first reflected beam of light, a second deformable mirror arranged to at least partially intercept the first reflected beam of light from the first deformable mirror and to provide a second reflected beam of light, and a signal processing and control system configured to communicate with the first and second deformable mirrors. The first deformable mirror, the second deformable mirror and the signal processing and control system together provide a large amplitude light modulation range to provide an actively shaped optical beam.

Gratings with variable etch heights for waveguide displays

A manufacturing system performs a deposition of an etch-compatible film over a substrate. The etch-compatible film includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The manufacturing system performs a partial removal of the etch-compatible film to create a surface profile on the first surface with a plurality of etch heights relative to the substrate. The manufacturing system performs a lithographic patterning of a photoresist deposited over the created profile in the etch-compatible film to obtain the plurality of etch heights and one or more duty cycles corresponding to the etch-compatible film deposited over the substrate.

Correction pattern obtaining apparatus for correcting noise generated by optical element included in display and method of obtaining noise correction pattern using the same

Provided are correction pattern obtaining apparatuses and methods of obtaining a correction pattern by using the correction pattern obtaining apparatuses. The correction pattern obtaining apparatus includes a flat panel display having an optical element that receives one or more input test patterns, a detector that measures intensity of light emitted from the flat panel display corresponding to each of the one or more input test patterns and a processor that determines a correction pattern comprising one or more of the one or more test patterns at a given ratio based on the measured intensity of light corresponding to each of the one or more input test patterns.

PLANAR DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL ELEMENT LENS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

A planar diffractive optical element (DOE) lens is described herein. The planar DOE lens includes a substrate. The planar DOE lens further includes a first layer, the first layer being formed upon the substrate. The planar DOE lens further includes a diffractive optical element, the diffractive optical element being formed upon the first layer. The planar DOE lens further includes a second layer, the second layer being formed upon the first layer. The second layer is also formed over the diffractive optical element. The second layer encloses the diffractive optical element between the first layer and the second layer. The second layer includes a planar surface.

Optical Pointing Device

An optical pointing device includes an illumination system, an imaging system and at least one diffraction element. The illumination system includes a light source for providing a light beam to a reflective surface outside the optical pointing device. The imaging system includes an image sensor disposed on a transmission path of the light beam after being reflected by the reflective surface. The at least one diffraction element is disposed in the illumination system and/or the imaging system and disposed on the transmission path of the light beam to change the transmission path of the light beam. The present optical pointing device can achieve the advantage of small volume.

SPLIT EXIT PUPIL EXPANDER

Tunable dispersion compensator

Optical scanning apparatus and method for adjusting the same

An optical scanning apparatus which is free from any deterioration of drawing performance and which can be miniaturized and simplified in overall configuration, and an image forming apparatus using the optical scanning apparatus are provided. The optical scanning apparatus includes: a light source unit; an incident optical system for guiding a light beam emitted from the light source unit to a deflecting unit; and an imaging optical system for guiding the light beam deflected by the deflecting unit onto a surface to be scanned. The incident optical system includes an anamorphic condenser lens having a refractive power in a main scanning cross section and a refractive power in a sub-scanning cross section which are different from each other, and the imaging optical system has a refractive power with which a deflective surface of the deflecting unit or a vicinity of the deflective surface and the surface to be scanned are made in conjugate relation with each other, and also satisfies a conditional ...

Light source device

A device for generating a second harmonic from a laser source is disclosed. The light from the laser (1) passes through an optical fiber (4) in which the second harmonic is generated. The light exiting from the optical fiber has a conical wave surface which is incident upon a collimating lens (5). Because the collimating lens has a diffraction lattice formed thereon, it is easy and efficient to collimate the second harmonic. It is also possible to decrease the size of the apparatus due to the use of the diffraction lattice formed on the collimator lens. This enable such a device to be particulary useful with a small sized light source such as a semiconductor laser.

OUTCOUPLING GRATING FOR AUGMENTED REALITY SYSTEM

An eyepiece for projecting an image to an eye of a viewer includes a waveguide configured to propagate light therein, and a diffractive optical element optically coupled to the waveguide. The diffractive optical element includes a plurality of first ridges protruding from a surface of the waveguide. Each of the plurality of first ridges has a first height and a first width. The diffractive optical element further includes a plurality of second ridges. Each of the plurality of second ridges protrudes from a respective first ridge and has a second height greater than the first height and a second width less than the first width. The diffractive optical element is configured to diffract a first portion of the light propagating in the waveguide toward the eye, and to diffract a second portion of the light propagating in the waveguide away from the eye.

OPTICAL WAVEFORM SHAPING DEVICE

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high-resolution optical waveform shaping device. SOLUTION: The optical waveform shaping device 10 comprises a branching filter 1 for branching a light from a light source for each frequency; a converging part 2 for converging a plurality of lights branched by the branching filter 1; a polarizing plate 3 for adjusting a polarization surface of incident light, on which the light passed through the converging part 2 is incident; and a space light modulator 4 including a phase modulation part and an intensity modulation part, on which the light passed through the polarizing plate 3 is incident. COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT ...

СИСТЕМА ЛИНЗ

... 1. Система линз, содержащая первую линзу (3), отклоняющий элемент (5) и вторую линзу (6), причем отклоняющий элемент (5), установлен между первой линзой (3) и второй линзой (6), отличающаяся тем, что материал, составляющий первую линзу (3), отклоняющий элемент (5) и вторую линзу (6), имеет показатель преломления для инфракрасного излучения от >1,01 до <10, и тем, что отклоняющий элемент (5) содержит, по меньшей мере, первую кольцевую зону и вторую кольцевую зону, причем кольцевые зоны расположены концентрическим образом, причем угол отклонения каждой кольцевой зоны отличен от угла отклонения каждой другой кольцевой зоны. ! 2. Система линз согласно п.1, отличающаяся тем, что материал, составляющий первую линзу (3), отклоняющий элемент (5) и вторую линзу (6), имеет показатель преломления для инфракрасного излучения от >1,1 до <8, предпочтительно от >1,2 до <6 и более предпочтительно от >1,3 до <5. ! 3. Система линз согласно п.1 или п.2, отличающаяся тем, что угол отклонения первой кольцевой ...

СПОСОБ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ РАССТОЯНИЯ ДО ИСТОЧНИКА ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ

Изобретение относится к области оптических измерений и может быть использовано для измерения расстояния до излучающего объекта, в частности для определения расстояния до точечного источника света. Способ определения расстояния до источника S0 (S1) излучения включает формирование изображения S01 (S11) источника излучения с помощью оптической системы и сопоставление этого изображения S01 (S11) с заранее известной зависимостью функции отклика этой оптической системы от расстояния до источника S0 (S1) излучения. При этом отклик оптической системы модифицируют посредством установленной в ходе лучей амплитудно-фазовой маски, которую формируют с возможностью отклонения этих лучей в направлении, преимущественно ортогональном направлению отклонения лучей, вызываемому дефокусировкой, а при сопоставлении этого изображения S01 (S11) с указанной функцией отклика оценивают угол поворота изображения S01 (S11) источника S0 (S1) излучения. Оптимально, чтобы коэффициент пропускания амплитудно-фазовой маски ...

УНИВЕРСАЛЬНЫЙ ИСТОЧНИК ПОЛИХРОМНОГО ОПТИЧЕСКОГО ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ

... 1. Универсальный источник полихромного оптического излучения, содержащий корпус, блок питания, светоизлучающие элементы с устройствами, обеспечивающими возможность регулирования тока, текущего через них, и оптический элемент для управления геометрическими характеристиками пучка, отличающийся тем, что дополнительно в корпусе установлены устройство для позиционирования светодиодов с 3 степенями свободы, дифракционный элемент и блок управления светоизлучающими элементами, причем светоизлучающие элементы размещены на устройстве для позиционирования относительно дифракционного элемента в соответствии с формулой d(sinαi+sinβi)=mλi, где d - шаг дифракционной решетки, αi - угол падения пучка между нормалью к дифракционного элемента и направлением луча от i-того светоизлучающего элемента, βi - угол дифракции, λi - длина волны соответствующего i-того светоизлучающего элемента. 2. Универсальный источник полихромного оптического излучения по п.1, отличающийся тем, что между светоизлучающими элементами ...

Loupe, has hollow polyhedron including side surfaces, where each side surface lies opposite to respective side surface, in such manner that central normal axes of opposite lying side surfaces are parallel to each other

The loupe has a set of differently magnifying optical elements that are arranged on respective side surfaces (2a, 2b, 2c, 2f) of a hollow polyhedron (1) e.g. hollow cube. Each side surface lies opposite to the respective side surface, in such a manner that central normal axes (8) of opposite lying side surfaces are parallel to each other. The side surfaces (2a, 2c, 2d, 2e) opposite to the optical elements are transparent. The polyhedron forms a completely closed body.

A projector

Novel wavefront sensor

Wide field of view lwir high speed imager

Various embodiments provide an optical system including a first lens group having a plurality of lenses, the first lens group being configured to correct for an axial chromatic aberration; a second lens group having a least one lens, the second lens group being disposed adjacent the first lens group; and a third lens group having a plurality of lenses, the third lens group being configured to correct for a lateral chromatic aberration and field curvature, the third lens group being disposed adjacent the second lens group. The first, second and third lens groups are configured to provide a wide field of view greater than approximately 20 deg., and an f-number of less than approximately F/2 in a wavelength range between approximately 8 μm and approximately 12 μm.

Lens

A lens is described which includes a substrate having a first side and an opposite second side. A first guided mode resonance grating is supported by the first side of the substrate and a second guided mode resonance grating is supported by the second side of the substrate. The second guided mode resonance grating can be offset from the first guided mode resonance grating. The second guided mode resonance grating can shape and reflect a wave front of an incident optical beam within the substrate towards the first guided mode resonance grating. The first guided mode resonance grating can redirect the reflected incident optical beam out of the second side of the substrate.

Two dimensional encoder system and method

An encoder system and method are provided, that is designed to improve 2D encoder systems and methods in areas such as accuracy, compactness, stability, resolution, and/or light efficiency. Moreover, the system and method of this invention provides a new concept in a retroreflector that while particularly useful in applicants' system and method, is believed to have more general utility in optical imaging systems and methods.

Digital hologram image display device

The present disclosure relates to a digital hologram display device in which the 0th diffraction component is removed for optimizing the reproduction and replay of three-dimensional hologram video data. The present disclosure suggests a digital hologram image display device including a pattern generator generating holography interference patterns; a spatial light modulator receiving the holography interference patterns from the pattern generator and representing the holography interference patterns; a light source positioning at one side of the spatial light modulator and illuminating a reference beam to the spatial light modulator; an optical device controlling the reference beam to be collimated onto the entire surface of the spatial light modulator; and a diffusion sheet disposed between the light source and the spatial light modulator.

Optical system with long focal length and optical apparatus having the same

An optical system, in order from an object side to an image side, includes a first lens unit having a positive refractive power, a second lens unit having a negative refractive power, and a third lens unit having a positive or negative refractive power. The first lens unit is configured by a first partial lens unit and a second partial lens unit each having a positive refractive power. The first partial lens unit is configured by a positive single lens, and has at least one aspherical surface. The second partial lens unit is configured by a positive lens and a negative lens, and has a diffraction optical surface of a diffraction optical element rotationally symmetric with reference to an optical axis direction. The second lens unit is a focus lens unit that is movable in the optical axis direction. And a paraxial lateral magnification βasph meets a predetermined condition.

Diffractive optical element and measurement instrument

A diffractive optical element includes: a first diffractive element in which a plurality of basic units are two-dimensionally arranged; and a second diffractive element in which a plurality of basic units are two-dimensionally arranged, wherein when a direction in which the basic units are arranged in the first diffractive element is a first direction, a direction in which the basic units are arranged in the second diffractive element is a second direction, an angle φ between the first direction and the second direction is such that −|φ 1 |<φ<|φ 1 |, and φ≠0, sin φ 1 =−α/Δx where a closest distance of zero-order light generated when the diffracted light generated by the first diffractive element is further incident on the second diffractive element is Δx and a closest distance of the diffracted light and stray light generated by the second diffractive element is α.

Methods and devices for providing information useful in the diagnosis of abnormalities of the gastrointestinal tract

Disclosed are methods useful for providing information useful in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal abnormalities as well as ingestible devices useful for providing information useful in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal abnormalities.

Twin sub-wavelength grating optical signal processor

The present disclosure relates generally to an optical signal processor. In one embodiment, the optical signal processor includes a first sub-wavelength grating having a first grating period and a second sub-wavelength grating having a second grating period that is different than the first grating period of the first sub-wavelength grating.

Image pickup lens, image pickup device using same, and portable device equipped with image pickup device

An image pickup lens compatible with small high-pixel image pickup elements (e.g., from CCD and CMOS image sensors having a pixel pitch of 1.75 μm and a pixel count of 5 mega pixels to CCD and CMOS image sensors having a pixel pitch of 1.4 μm and a pixel count of 8 mega pixels) is provided. An image pickup lens 7 includes, in order from an object side to an image surface side: an aperture stop 5 , a first lens 1 having positive power; a second lens 2 that is a meniscus lens having negative power and whose lens surface facing the image surface side is concave; a third lens 3 that is a meniscus lens having positive power and whose lens surface facing the image surface side is convex; and a fourth lens 4 that has negative power, whose lens surfaces are both aspherical and whose lens surface facing the image surface side is concave near the optical axis. A diffractive optical element is formed on one of the lens surfaces of the first lens 1 or the second lens 2.

Diffraction-grating lens, and imaging optical system and imaging device using said diffraction-grating lens

An imaging optical system according to the present invention includes: at least one diffraction grating lens with a diffraction grating that is made up of q diffraction ring zones; and a stop. A surface of the at least one diffraction grating lens that has the diffraction grating is a lens surface that is located closest to the stop. Supposing the respective widths of diffraction ring zones that are located first, second, (m−1) th and m th closest to the optical axis of the optical system are identified by P 1 , P 2 , P m-1 and P m , at least one m that falls within the range 3<m≦q satisfies the following Inequality (3): k = ( 1 P m - 1 · P m - 1 - P m P m - 1 · P m ) ( 1 P 1 · P 1 - P 2 P 1 · P 2 ) > 1.6 ( 3 )

Energy dispersion device

The invention provides an energy dispersion device, spectrograph and method that can be used to evaluate the composition of matter on site without the need for specialized training or expensive equipment. The energy dispersion device or spectrograph can be used with a digital camera or cell phone. A device of the invention includes a stack of single- or double-dispersion diffraction gratings that are rotated about their normal giving rise to a multiplicity of diffraction orders from which meaningful measurements and determinations can be made with respect to the qualitative or quantitative characteristics of matter.

Optical system and image pickup apparatus

An optical system includes a first lens unit fixed during a focusing operation and having a positive refractive power, a second lens unit moving in an optical axis direction during the focusing operation and having a negative refractive power, a third lens unit positioned at the image side relative to the second lens unit and having a positive or negative refractive power, the first lens unit is configured by first, second, and third partial lens units, the first partial lens unit is configured by two positive lens components, the second partial lens unit is configured by one cemented lens having a negative combined refractive power, the third partial lens unit is positioned between the second partial lens unit and the second lens unit and has a positive refractive power as a whole, and each lens unit is configured so as to meet an appropriate condition.

Optical pattern projection

Optical apparatus includes first and second diffractive optical elements (DOEs) arranged in series to diffract an input beam of radiation. The first DOE is configured to apply to the input beam a pattern with a specified divergence angle, while the second DOE is configured to split the input beam into a matrix of output beams with a specified fan-out angle. The divergence and fan-out angles are chosen so as to project the radiation onto a region in space in multiple adjacent instances of the pattern.

MICROSCOPE OPTICAL SYSTEM AND MICROSCOPE SYSTEM

Provided is a microscope optical system in which the occurrence of flare due to unnecessary-order diffracted light exited from a diffractive optical element is suppressed. A microscope objective lens MS is configured by including an objective lens OL which has a diffractive optical element GD and converts light from an object into a substantially parallel light flux, and a second objective lens IL which forms an image of the object by focusing the substantially parallel light flux from the objective lens OL, and is configured such that, in case where an m-th order of diffracted light from the diffractive optical element GD is used for the image formation, the following expression is satisfied: |θ|>tan(0.06/0) when the light of a maximum NA emitted from the object located on an optical axis enters the diffractive optical element. 1. A microscope optical system comprising: an objective lens which has a diffractive optical element and converts light from an object into a substantially parallel light flux; and a second objective lens which forms an image of the object by focusing the substantially parallel light flux from the objective lens , wherein {'br': None, 'sup': '−1', '|θ|>tan(0.06/D)\u2003\u2003[Expression 10]'}, 'in case where an m-th order diffracted light from the diffractive optical element is used for the image formation, the following expression is satisfiedwhen the light of a maximum NA emitted from the object located on an optical axis enters the diffractive optical element, where θ is the incident angle on the second objective lens of the diffracted light having an order of diffraction different from the order of the m-th order diffracted light from the diffractive optical element, and D [mm] is a diameter of an entrance pupil to the second objective lens.3. The microscope optical system according to claim 1 , wherein the diffractive optical element is a contact multi-layered diffractive optical element.4. The microscope optical system according to ...

Multi-Dimensional Imaging Using Multi-Focus Microscopy

An optical imaging system includes a first diffractive optical element that receives a multi-wavelength beam of light and separates the received beam of light into diffractive orders. The optical imaging system also includes a second diffractive optical element that includes panels displaced along the second diffractive element in at least one direction, where each panel is positioned to receive and pass the multi-wavelength beam of one of the diffractive orders. A refractive optical element is positioned to receive multi-wavelength beams of the diffractive orders that pass through the second diffractive element, and an optical lens that receives the multi-wavelength beams of the diffractive orders that pass through the refractive element and focuses each of the multi-wavelength beams of the diffractive orders to a different location on an image plane at the same time.

Optical System for Rigid Scope and Rigid Endoscope

By suitably correcting a secondary spectrum, a clear, bright optical image is obtained. Provided is a rigid-scope optical system including: an objective optical system; and at least one relay optical systems that are formed of positive front groups, middle groups, and back groups in this order from an entrance side and that reimage an optical image imaged at imaging planes at the entrance side onto imaging planes at an exit side, wherein axial chromatic aberration between two wavelengths is corrected by an optical system other than the diffractive optical element, and axial chromatic aberration between the two wavelengths and another wavelength is corrected by the diffractive optical element. 1. A rigid-scope optical system comprising:an objective optical system; andat least one relay optical system that is formed of a positive front group, a middle group, and a back group in this order from an entrance side and that reimages an optical image imaged at a primary imaging plane at the entrance side onto a secondary imaging plane at an exit side;wherein the middle group of one of the relay optical systems is provided with a diffractive optical element having a diffractive surface,and wherein axial chromatic aberration between two wavelengths is corrected by an optical system other than the diffractive optical element, and axial chromatic aberration between the two wavelengths and another wavelength is corrected by the diffractive optical element.2. The rigid-scope optical system according to claim 1 , wherein the relay optical system satisfies the following expressions (1) and (2):{'br': None, '3Lf Подробнее

Method Of Forming An Optical Device By Laser Scanning

A method of forming an optical device in a body (), comprises performing a plurality of laser scans () to form the optical device, each scan comprising relative movement of a laser beam and the body thereby to scan the laser beam along a respective path () through the body to alter the refractive index of material of that path, wherein the paths are arranged to provide in combination a route for propagation of light through the optical device in operation that is larger in a direction substantially perpendicular to the route for propagation of light than any one of the paths individually. 1. A method of forming an optical device in a body , comprising:performing a plurality of laser scans to form the optical device, each scan comprising relative movement of a laser beam and the body thereby to scan the laser beam along a respective path through the body to alter the refractive index of material of that path,wherein the paths are arranged to provide in combination a route for propagation of light through the optical device in operation that is larger in a direction substantially perpendicular to the route for propagation of light than any one of the paths individually.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein each path is offset in a direction substantially perpendicular to the path direction or propagation direction from at least one other of the paths.3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein for each of the scans claim 1 , the path scanned by the laser beam abuts or at least partially overlaps at least one of the other paths.4. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising selecting the location of each path and/or selecting at least one property of the laser beam to provide an optical device having at least one desired property.5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the optical device comprises a waveguide.6. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising controlling the laser beam for each of the paths to provide a variation of refractive index ...

Multicast optical switch

A multicast optical switch uses a diffractive bulk optical element, which splits at least one input optical beam into sub-beams, which freely propagate in a medium towards an array of directors, such as MEMS switches, for directing the sub-beams to output ports. Freely propagating optical beams can cross each other without introducing mutual optical loss. The amount of crosstalk is limited by scattering in the optical medium, which can be made virtually non-existent. Therefore, the number of the crossover connections, and consequently the number of inputs and outputs of a multicast optical switch, can be increased substantially without a loss or a crosstalk penalty.

Light control device and light control method

A light control device 1 includes a light source 10 , a prism 20 , a spatial light modulator 30 , a drive unit 31 , a control unit 32 , a lens 41 , an aperture 42 , and a lens 43 . The spatial light modulator 30 is a phase modulating spatial light modulator, includes a plurality of two-dimensionally arrayed pixels, is capable of phase modulation in each of these pixels in a range of 4π or more, and presents a phase pattern to modulate the phase of light in each of the pixels. This phase pattern is produced by superimposing a blazed grating pattern for light diffraction and a phase pattern having a predetermined phase modulation distribution, and with a phase modulation range of 2π or more.

Beam transforming element, illumination optical apparatus, exposure apparatus, and exposure method with two optical elements having different thicknesses

A beam transforming element for forming a predetermined light intensity distribution on a predetermined surface on the basis of an incident beam includes a first basic element made of an optical material with optical activity, for forming a first region distribution of the predetermined light intensity distribution on the basis of the incident beam; and a second basic element made of an optical material with optical activity, for forming a second region distribution of the predetermined light intensity distribution on the basis of the incident beam, wherein the first basic element and the second basic element have their respective thicknesses different from each other along a direction of transmission of light.

Multi-port optical circulator system

An optical circulator includes a first optical isolator including a first port and a second port and a plurality of optical isolators coupled to the second port of the first optical isolator. Each of the plurality of optical isolators comprise a first port and a second port.

Security Device With a Zero-Order Diffractive Microstructure

A security Device comprises a zero order diffractive microstructure () buried within a substrate (). One or more further optical structures, such as microlenses (), may be formed on a surface () of the substrate (). The further optical structures modify the optical characteristics of the zero order diffractive microstructure (). 1. (canceled)2. A security device comprising:a homogenous zero-order diffractive microstructure to display a colour change on tilting or rotating the homogenous zero-order diffractive microstructure, the homogenous zero-order diffractive microstructure being buried within a substrate and having an index of refraction higher than an index of refraction of the substrate; anda further structure comprising a sawtooth or an asymmetric sinus or prisms or rod-like lenses formed in a region of the homogenous zero-order diffractive microstructure, that modifies the colour change displayed by the homogenous zero-order diffractive microstructure.3. A security device according to claim 2 , in which the further structure enables recognition by an observer of the colour change displayed upon rotation of the homogenous zero-order diffractive microstructure even at a perpendicular viewing direction.4. A security device according to claim 2 , in which the further structure comprises an asymmetric structure.5. A security device according to claim 4 , in which the asymmetric further structure alters the colour change displayed on rotating the homogenous zero-order diffractive microstructure.6. A security device according to claim 2 , in which the further structure changes an incident angle of light entering the security device and/or an emergent angle of light leaving the security device.7. A security device according to claim 2 , in which the further structure is formed on a surface of the substrate.8. A security device according to claim 7 , in which the further structure is formed on a rear surface of the substrate and is reflective.9. A security device ...

Optical Apparatus and Method for Expanding an Exit Pupil

A first optical arrangement is configured to couple into an apparatus a first component of a light beam having a wavelength within a first spectral range; a second optical arrangement configured to couple a second component of the light beam having a wavelength within a different second spectral range; a third optical arrangement configured to expand the first component in a first dimension to create an expanded first component; a fourth optical arrangement configured to expand, in a second dimension, the expanded first component to create a further expanded first component, and to output the further expanded first component; a fifth optical arrangement configured to expand the second component in the second dimension to create an expanded second component; and a sixth optical arrangement configured to expand, in the first dimension, the expanded second component to create a further expanded second component, and to output the further expanded second component. 1. An apparatus , comprising:a first optical arrangement configured to couple a first component of a light beam into the apparatus, the first component of the light beam having a wavelength within a first spectral range;a second optical arrangement configured to couple a second component of the light beam into the apparatus, the second component of the light beam having a wavelength within a second spectral range, different to the first spectral range; a third optical arrangement configured to expand the first component of the light beam in a first dimension to create an expanded first component;a fourth optical arrangement configured to expand, in a second dimension, the expanded first component to create a further expanded first component, and configured to output the further expanded first component of the light beam from the apparatus;a fifth optical arrangement configured to expand the second component of the light beam in the second dimension to create an expanded second component; and a sixth optical ...

IMAGING LENS

An imaging lens includes, from the object side to the image side, an aperture stop, a first lens with positive refractive power having a convex object-side surface near an optical axis, a second lens with positive refractive power having a convex image-side surface near the axis, a third lens with positive refractive power having a convex image-side surface near the axis, and a fourth lens with negative refractive power having a concave image-side surface near the axis, wherein all lens surfaces are aspheric, all lenses are made of plastic material, a diffractive optical surface is formed on at least one of the lens surfaces from the first lens image-side surface to the second lens image-side surface, and at least one of the three positive lenses satisfies expression (1): 1. An imaging lens for a solid-state image sensor in which lenses are arranged in order from an object side to an image side , comprising:an aperture stop;a first lens with positive refractive power having a convex surface on the object side near an optical axis;a second lens with positive refractive power having a convex surface on the image side near the optical axis;a third lens with positive refractive power having a convex surface on the image side near the optical axis; anda fourth lens with negative refractive power having a concave surface on the image side near the optical axis,wherein all lens surfaces are aspheric;wherein all the lenses are made of plastic material;wherein a diffractive optical surface is formed on at least one of lens surfaces from an image-side surface of the first lens to an image-side surface of the second lens; and {'br': None, 'i': 'Ndi', '1.58<\u2003\u2003(1)'}, 'wherein at least one of the three lenses with positive refractive power satisfies a conditional expression (1) belowwhereNdi: refractive index of the i-th positive lens at d-ray.2. The imaging lens according to claim 1 , wherein a conditional expression (2) below is satisfied:{'br': None, 'i': 'TTL', '0.7 ...

LIGHT DIFFRACTION ELEMENT AND OPTICAL LOW PASS FILTER

A light diffraction element comprising a transparent substrate and a first orientation layer that is formed on one surface of the substrate and includes anisotropic polymers and a first pattern of an orientation direction arranged periodically in a first direction along the primary plane of the substrate. The first pattern includes three or more small regions that are arranged in the first direction and in which the orientation direction of the polymers included in the first orientation layer are different from each other, and generates diffracted light as a result of interference between light passed respectively through the three or more small regions. 1. A light diffraction element comprising:a transparent substrate; anda first orientation layer that is formed on one surface of the substrate and includes anisotropic polymers and a first pattern of an orientation direction arranged periodically in a first direction along the primary plane of the substrate, whereinthe first pattern includes three or more small regions that are arranged in the first direction and in which the orientation direction of the polymers included in the first orientation layer are different from each other, and generates diffracted light as a result of interference between light passed respectively through the three or more small regions.2. The light diffraction element according to claim 1 , comprising:a first liquid crystal layer that is provided on the first orientation layer and includes liquid crystal oriented periodically in the orientation direction of the first orientation layer;a second orientation layer that is formed on a top surface of the first liquid crystal layer and includes anisotropic polymers and a second pattern of an orientation direction arranged periodically in a second direction along the primary plane of the substrate; anda second liquid crystal layer that is provided on the second orientation layer and includes liquid crystal periodically oriented in the ...

Imaging Method and System with Optimized Extended Depth of Focus

An optical processor is presented for applying optical processing to a light field passing through a predetermined imaging lens unit. The optical processor comprises a pattern in the form of spaced apart regions of different optical properties. The pattern is configured to define a phase coder, and a dispersion profile coder. The phase coder affects profiles of Through Focus Modulation Transfer Function (TFMTF) for different wavelength components of the light field in accordance with a predetermined profile of an extended depth of focusing to be obtained by the imaging lens unit. The dispersion profile coder is configured in accordance with the imaging lens unit and the predetermined profile of the extended depth of focusing to provide a predetermined overlapping between said TFMTF profiles within said predetermined profile of the extended depth of focusing. 1. An imaging lens unit comprising: a lens having a certain optical power and depth of focus , and first and second patterns carried by the lens , the first pattern being formed by a predetermined number of phase transitions being of substantially the same transparency and arranged with a low spatial frequency , so as to induce substantially non-diffractive phase effect onto the light field , and a second pattern being substantially diffractive to induce dispersion and which is configured to provide a predetermined optical power addition to the imaging lens , such that total optical power of the imaging lens unit corresponds to a desired optical power , dispersion and depth of focus properties of the imaging lens unit.2. The imaging lens unit according to claim 1 , wherein said first pattern is configured for extending the depth of focus of the lens to provide a predetermined profile of the extended depth of focusing for different wavelengths; and said second pattern is configured to provide said desired optical power being substantially the same for different wavelengths.3. The imaging lens unit according to ...

DEVICE AND METHODS FOR COLOR CORRECTED OCT IMAGING ENDOSCOPE/CATHETER/CAPSULE TO ACHIEVE HIGH-RESOLUTION

The present invention is directed to an achromatic capsule endoscope with diffractive optics. A micromotor (or a broadband rotary joint) and a custom 800 nm SD-OCT system make ultrahigh-resolution 3D volumetric imaging over a large area possible. The diffractive microlens is used directly with other miniature lens including but not limited to a GRIN lens, making the capsule endoscope design simpler and cost effective. Preliminary ex vivo 3D intraluminal imaging was performed with the distal-scanning capsule endoscope in conjunction with a home-built broadband spectral-domain OCT system, demonstrating the performance of the diffractive capsule. Considering the miniature OCT capsule imaging probe is an attractive component for using the OCT technology for esophagus imaging (or other internal organs), the proposed approach will have a broad impact on endoscopic OCT imaging by improving OCT resolution in any applications that involve a capsule OCT probe, such as gastrointestinal (GI) tract imaging, airway imaging etc. 1. A device for obtaining optical coherence tomography (OCT) images from a subject comprising:a miniature OCT capsule imaging probe configured to obtain high-resolution images of the subject; anddiffraction optics configured to mitigate wavelength dependent aberration in the high-resolution images obtained by the OCT capsule probe.2. The device of wherein the diffraction optics comprise a diffractive lens.3. The device of wherein the diffractive lens is positioned at a distal end of a compound lens within the OCT capsule probe.4. The device of wherein the diffractive lens comprises a high diffraction efficiency over a broad spectral range.5. The device of wherein one broad spectral range is 750 nm to 950 nm.6. The device of wherein the wavelength dependent aberration comprises a chromatic aberration.7. A method for mitigating achromatic aberration in optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging comprising:using a diffraction element integrated into miniature ...

OPTICAL ELEMENT, TRANSFER FOIL, AUTHENTICATION MEDIUM, AND METHOD OF VERIFYING AUTHENTICATION MEDIUM

A subwavelength grating displaying a colored image exhibiting a color corresponding to a grating period of a subwavelength grating in reflection directions including a specular reflection direction. A relief surface displaying a reflection image in monochromatic reflected light in reflection directions including a direction different from the specular reflection direction. An optical element has a first state in which neither a colored image nor a reflection image is displayed, a second state in which the colored image is mainly displayed, and a third state in which the reflection image is mainly displayed. A plane in which the optical element is disposed and a plane including a line of sight of an observer form an observation angle therebetween. The optical element is observed in any of the first, second and third states according to the observation angle. 1. An optical element , comprising:a first layer,a second layer contacting the first layer, anda third layer contacting the second layer, each layer having optical transparency, whereinthe first layer is a resin layer having a first refractive index and having a first surface contacting the second layer, at least part of the first surface including a subwavelength grating;the second layer is a dielectric layer having a second refractive index which is higher than the first refractive index and having a second surface contacting the first surface of the first layer, the second surface having asperities conforming to the subwavelength grating;the third layer is a resin layer having a third refractive index lower than the second refractive index;any of the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer is a relief layer, the relief layer having a relief surface including a plurality of reflective surfaces, the reflective surfaces adjacent to each other having a pitch therebetween greater than a pitch of the subwavelength grating;when observing a state in which light is applied to the optical element from a light ...

OPTICAL SYSTEM INCLUDING DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL ELEMENT AND OPTICAL APPARATUS

The optical system includes, in order from an object side, a front lens unit LF, an aperture stop S, a rear lens unit LR. The front lens unit includes a diffraction optical element Ldoe. A stop side positive lens Lsp disposed closest to the aperture stop among the rear lens unit satisfies 1.55≦Nd≦1.70, 30.0≦νd≦50.0, and 5.0×10≦ΔθdC≦5.0×10. Ndand νdrepectively represent a refractive index and an Abbe number of the stop side positive lens for a d-line, and ΔθdCis represents a value defined by ΔθdC=θdC−(−0.17041×θgd+0.513577) where Ng, NCand NFrespectively represent refractive indices of the stop side positive lens for a g-line, a C-line and an F-line. θdCand θgdare respectively defined by θdC=(Nd−NC)/(NF−NC) and θgd=(Ng−Nd)/(NF−NC). 2. An optical system according to claim 1 , wherein the stop side positive lens satisfies the following condition:{'br': None, 'i': f', '/L', 'L', '/f, 'sub': sp', 'sp-img', 'tot, '0.10≦()/()≦1.00'}{'sub': sp', 'tot', 'sp-img, 'where f represents a focal length of the whole optical system in an in-focus state on an object at infinity, frepresents a focal length of the stop side positive lens in air, Lrepresents a total optical length of the whole optical system in the in-focus state on the object at infinity, and Lrepresents a distance on an optical axis of the optical system from an object-side lens surface of the stop side positive lens to an image surface of the optical system.'}3. An optical system according to claim 1 , wherein the stop side positive lens is disposed at a position satisfying the following condition:{'br': None, 'i': ≦|h', '/hb, 'sub': sp', 'sp, '10.0|≦15.0'}{'sub': sp', 'sp, 'where hrepresents a height of an axial paraxial ray entering the stop side positive lens which is measured at an entrance surface of the stop side positive lens from an optical axis of the optical system, and hbrepresents a height of a paraxial chief ray entering the stop side positive lens which is measured at the entrance surface of the stop ...

DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL ELEMENTS WITH GRADED EDGES

In an optical system that includes a waveguide with multiple diffractive optical elements (DOEs) incorporating diffraction gratings, light exiting a trailing edge of an upstream DOE enters a leading edge of a downstream DOE. One or more of the DOEs may include a leading and/or a trailing edge that have a graded profile. At a graded trailing edge of an upstream DOE, grating height smoothly decreases from full height to shallow height as a function of the proximity to the trailing edge. At a graded leading edge of the downstream DOE grating height smoothly increases from shallow height to full height as a function of distance away from the leading edge. By reducing a sharp boundary at the interface between the upstream and downstream DOEs, the graded profiles of the DOE edges enable optical resolution to be maintained decreasing sensitivity to misalignment between the DOEs that may occur during manufacturing. 1. An optical system , comprising:a substrate of optical material;a first diffractive optical element (DOE) disposed on the substrate and configured as an in-coupling grating to receive, as an input, one or more optical beams that propagate in the first DOE and exit at a trailing edge of the first DOE; and in which the trailing edge of the first DOE is located on the substrate at an interface with the second DOE, wherein the one or more optical beams exiting at the trailing edge, enter a leading edge of the second DOE, and', 'wherein the trailing edge and leading edge are graded so that a grating height of each of the first DOE and the second DOE increases as a function of distance from the interface., 'a second DOE disposed on the substrate and configured for pupil expansion of the one or more optical beams along a first direction,'}2. The optical system of further including a third DOE disposed on the substrate and configured for pupil expansion of the optical beams along a second direction claim 1 , and further configured as an out-coupling grating to couple ...

DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL ELEMENTS WITH ASYMMETRIC PROFILES

In an optical display system that includes a waveguide with multiple diffractive optical elements (DOEs), gratings in one or more of the DOEs may have an asymmetric profile in which gratings may be slanted or blazed. Asymmetric gratings in a DOE can provide increased display uniformity in the optical display system by reducing the “banding” resulting from optical interference that is manifested as dark stripes in the display. Banding may be more pronounced when polymeric materials are used in volume production of the DOEs to minimize system weight, but which have less optimal optical properties compared with other materials such as glass. The asymmetric gratings can further enable the optical system to be more tolerant to variations—such as variations in thickness, surface roughness, and grating geometry—that may not be readily controlled during manufacturing particularly since such variations are in the submicron range. 1. An optical system , comprising:a substrate of optical material;a first diffractive optical element (DOE) disposed on the substrate, the first DOE having an input surface and configured as an in-coupling grating to receive one or more optical beams as an input; and 'wherein at least a portion of the second DOE includes gratings that are configured with a predetermined slant angle to a direction orthogonal to a plane of the substrate.', 'a second DOE disposed on the substrate and configured for pupil expansion of the one or more optical beams along a first direction,'}2. The optical system of further including a third DOE disposed on the substrate claim 1 , the third DOE having an output surface and configured for pupil expansion of the one or more optical beams along a second direction claim 1 , and further configured as an out-coupling grating to couple claim 1 , as an output from the output surface claim 1 , one or more optical beams with expanded pupil relative to the input.3. The optical system of in which at least a portion of the third DOE ...

Planar high angle line generator

A planar line generator including a first planar surface extending in a first direction, a second planar surface facing the first planar surface, and a beam splitter in front of the second planar surface, the beam splitter configured to output, from light incident thereon, an undeflected beam, a first beam deflected to a first side of the undeflected beam along the first direction, and a second beam deflected to a second side of the undeflected beam along the first direction, wherein the second planar surface includes a line diffuser configured to receive the undeflected beam, and first and second diffusers having a design different from the line diffuser, the first and second diffusers being configured to receive the first and second beams, respectively.

Coherent fluorescence super-resolution microscopy

A microscopy system which includes a light source for illuminating a sample; an objective lens for capturing light emitted from the illuminated sample to form a signal beam; and a dispersive optical element through which the signal beam is directed, wherein the dispersive optical element converts the signal beam to a spatially coherent signal beam.

PUPIL SHAPING OPTICAL SYSTEM FOR LITHOGRAPHY MACHINE AND METHOD FOR GENERATING OFF-AXIS ILLUMINATION MODES

A lithography pupil shaping optical system and method for generating off-axis illumination mode. The invention is composed of illumination mode generation unit, rotatable wave plate, polarization beam splitter unit, ring I generation unit and ring II generation unit. Through selecting corresponding diffractive optical element and appropriate adjustment, this invention can generate various illumination modes including single ring illumination mode and double ring illumination mode. The intensity at pupil plane and the inner and outer diameters of the off-axis illumination mode can be adjusted continuously. 112345110110210144014024035501503504. A lithography pupil shaping optical system is composed of illumination mode generation unit () , rotatable wave plate () , polarization beam splitter unit () , ring I generation unit () and ring II generation unit (). Said illumination mode generation unit () is composed of diffractive optical element () and zoom collimating lens group (). Diffractive optical element () is exchangeable to achieve conventional , dipole , and quadrupole illumination modes , respectively. Said ring I generation unit () is composed of first quarter-wave plate () , first convex axicon () and first movable mirror (). Said ring II generation unit () is composed of second quarter-wave plate () , second convex axicon () and second movable mirror (). The positions of the above components are as follows:{'b': 101', '102', '2', '3', '401', '402', '403', '402', '403, 'Along the positive direction of z-axis, diffractive optical element (), zoom collimating lens group (), rotatable wave plate (), polarization beam splitter unit (), first quarter-wave plate (), first convex axicon () and first movable mirror () are placed sequentially. The conical tip of said first convex axicon () is faced with said first movable mirror (). Said first movable mirror is coated with polarization-maintaining reflection film. Said first movable mirror possesses mechanical ...

WEARABLE DATA DISPLAY

A transparent wearable data display having a source of collimated light, a deflector for deflecting the collimated light into a scanned beam, and a first of switchable grating elements sandwiched between first and second parallel transparent substrates, which together functioning as a first light guide. A first coupling is provided for directing the scanned beam into a first total internal reflection (TIR) light path of the first light guide along the first array column. The grating elements having diffracting and non-diffracting states, in their diffracting state deflecting light out of said light guide. The grating elements are switchable into their diffracting states one group of elements at a time. 1. A transparent wearable data display comprising:a source of light;a means for forming said light into a scanned beam;a first multiplicity of switchable grating elements sandwiched between first and second parallel transparent substrates, said substrates together functioning as a first light guide;a first coupling means for directing said scanned beam into a first total internal reflection light path between the outer surfaces of said first light guide,each said grating element having diffracting and non-diffracting states,each said grating element in its diffracting state deflecting light out of said light guide,wherein said grating elements are switched into their diffracting states one group of elements at a time.2. The apparatus of wherein transparent electrodes are applied to said first and second substrates claim 1 , wherein said switchable grating elements each have a diffracting state when no electric field is applied across said electrodes and a non-diffracting state when a field is applied across said electrodes.3. The apparatus of further comprising a collimator.4. The apparatus of wherein said multiplicity of switchable grating elements is a two dimensional array and said group of elements comprises at least one column of grating elements.5. The apparatus ...

Adjustable Lens and Article of Eyewear

An adjustable fluid-filled lens having a rear surface, a front surface, and a body of fluid between the front and rear surfaces. The lens incorporates a diffractive pattern within the fluid. 1. An adjustable fluid-filled lens comprising:a rear surface;a front surface; anda body of fluid therebetween, wherein the lens incorporates a diffractive pattern within the fluid.2. The adjustable fluid-filled lens as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the diffractive pattern is disposed either at an interface between the lens and the fluid or is supported in the fluid spaced apart from the front and rear surfaces.3. The adjustable fluid-filled lens as claimed in claim 1 ,wherein the front surface comprises an elastic or viscoelastic membrane held around its edge by a supporting member, the membrane being spaced apart from the rear surface, and wherein the pressure of the fluid is adjustable for adjusting the shape of the membrane to thereby vary the power of the lens to focus the first image.4. The adjustable fluid-filled lens as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the lens is operable to focus a first image of an object viewed through the lens in a first region of the lens and wherein the diffractive pattern is operable to focus a second image projected onto the diffractive pattern in an overlapping region of the lens.5. The adjustable fluid-filled lens as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the rear surface is defined by a rear cover on which the diffractive pattern is disposed.6. The adjustable fluid-filled lens as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the supporting member and the rear cover are flexibly joined together around their edges to form a sealed envelope in which the fluid is contained.7. The adjustable fluid-filled lens as claimed in claim 5 , further comprising an envelope in which the fluid is contained claim 5 , one wall of the envelope defining said front surface claim 5 , wherein the rear face comprises another wall of the envelope claim 5 , the wall being fixedly attached to the rear ...

Lidar system and autonomous driving system using the same

A lidar system includes: light sources generating light of a linear light source type; a light emission unit including a diffractive optical element disposed ahead of the light sources and separating incident light from the light sources into point light sources, and a scanner moving the light separated by the diffractive optical element, and radiating light of a point light source to an object; and a reception sensor converting light received after reflection by the object into an electrical signal. Spectrum angles of point light sources that have passed through the diffractive optical element may be different according to a position of the diffractive optical element. According to the lidar system, an autonomous vehicle, AI device, and/or external device may be linked with an artificial intelligence module, drone ((Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, UAV), robot, AR (Augmented Reality) device, VR (Virtual Reality) device, a device associated with 5G services, etc.

ENDOSCOPE WITH DISTANCE MEASUREMENT FUNCTION AND DISTANCE MEASUREMENT METHOD USED IN SAME

An endoscopic distance measurement method, which causes a single wavelength light source in an observation unit at a front end of a flexible tube of an endoscope to emit a predetermined wavelength light to an object to be measured via a diffraction grating so as to form a zero-order bright spot, a positive first-order bright spot and a negative first-order bright spot on the surface of the object through optical diffraction, and then capture an image from the object, and then calculate a distance magnification using a first arithmetic logic, and then to calculate the actual distance between two adjacent bright spots of the predetermined wavelength light being projected on the object using a second arithmetic logic and then to calculate the distance between the diffraction grating and the zero-order bright spot using a third arithmetic logic. 1. An endoscope , comprising:a main unit, an observation unit and a flexible tube coupled between said main unit and said observation unit, said observation unit comprises a base tube, a single wavelength light source, a diffraction grating, an image acquisition unit and a shading baffle, said single wavelength light source, said diffraction grating, said image acquisition unit and said shading baffle being respectively mounted within said base tube, wherein:said base tube defining an opening in a front side thereof;said single wavelength light source being mounted in said base tube and adapted for emitting a single wavelength light of a predetermined wavelength forwardly through said opening;said diffraction grating comprising a plurality of slots, said diffraction grating being mounted in said base tube between said single wavelength light source and said opening and adapted for diffracting the said single wavelength light and causing the diffracted said single wavelength light to be projected through the said opening onto an object to show a zero-order bright spot, a positive first-order bright spot at one lateral side ...

Using flowable cvd to gap fill micro/nano structures for optical components

Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to a method for forming an optical component, for example, for a virtual reality or augmented reality display device. In one embodiment, the method includes forming a first layer having a pattern on a substrate, and the first layer has a first refractive index. The method further includes forming a second layer on the first layer by a flowable chemical vapor deposition (FCVD) process, and the second layer has a second refractive index less than the first refractive index.

Electronic device

The present invention minimizes a structure where an optical driving unit and a camera unit are mounted, thereby contributing compactness of an electronic device and reduction in power consumption. The electronic device includes an image source panel configured to form image light, an optical driving unit having the image source panel therein and configured to provide the formed image light, a display unit configured to output the image light provided from the optical driving unit, a camera unit comprising an image sensor configured to photograph a subject, and an optical unit Printed Circuit Board (PCB) on which the image source panel and the image sensor are mounted.

ELECTRONIC DEVICE

An electronic device is disclosed. The electronic device according to the present disclosure includes: a display which includes a display area opposite to eyeball of a user and a dummy area which is a remaining area, a plurality of optical elements disposed to be dispersed on one surface of the display, and a guide element which guides light emitted from the optical elements to the display area. An electronic device according to the present invention may be associated with an artificial intelligence module, robot, augmented reality (AR) device, virtual reality (VR) device, and device related to 5G services. 1. An electronic device , comprising:a display which includes a display area opposite to eyeball of a user and a dummy area which is a remaining area;a plurality of optical elements disposed to be dispersed on one surface of the display; anda guide element which guides light emitted from the optical elements to the display area.2. The electronic device according to claim 1 , wherein the optical element includes a micro LED.3. The electronic device according to claim 2 , wherein the optical element emits light from one surface of the display to a direction opposite to the eyeball of the user and the guide element guides the light emitted from the optical element toward the eyeball of the user in the display area.4. The electronic device according to claim 3 , wherein the guide element includes a diffraction element which diffracts the light emitted from the optical element to be guided to the display area.5. The electronic device according to claim 4 , wherein the guide element further includes a reflection element which reflects the light emitted from the optical element to be guided to the display area.6. The electronic device according to claim 5 , wherein the diffraction element is disposed on entire one surface of the display and the display area of the other surface of the display.7. The electronic device according to claim 6 , wherein the optical element is ...

HEAD MOUNTED PROJECTION DISPLAY WITH MULTILAYER BEAM SPLITTER AND COLOR CORRECTION

A head mounted projection display includes a polarizing beam splitter stack that includes a waveplate. The polarizing beam splitter stack reduces optical losses and has a low forward extension. The polarizing beam splitter may be used at a 45 degree angle or at a non 45 degree angle relative to the line of view. A correction may be also be performed to the intensity of individual pixels to account for chromatic non-uniformity in the optical response of a retroreflector and other optical components. 1. A head-mounted projection display , comprising:an image source having a circular polarization;a polarizing beam splitter to direct output images to a retroreflective screen and transmit returning reflected retroreflective images for viewing by a user;an optically retarding film formed on at least one surface of the polarizing beam splitter to adjust the polarization of the output images to achieve a maximum reflection of outgoing images reflected to the retroreflective screen and further achieve a maximum transmission of received retroreflected images.2. The display of claim 1 , wherein the optically retarding film is a quarter wave retarding film formed on a first face of the polarizing beam splitter3. The display of claim 2 , wherein the polarizing beam splitter has fast and slow optical axes oriented to achieve a maximum reflection of output images and direct the output images to a retroreflective screen and further wherein retroreflected images have a polarization rotated such they are passed through the polarizing beam splitter with a minimum reflection.4. The display of claim 1 , wherein the image source is plane polarized and the image source utilizes a quarter waveplate to output the circular polarization.5. The display of claim 1 , wherein the polarizing beam splitter transmits retroreflected light on an optical path generally coaxial to a user's eye.6. The display of claim 1 , wherein the polarizing beam splitter is oriented at forty five degree angle with ...

LASER PROJECTOR, IMAGE ACQUISITION DEVICE AND ELECTRONIC APPARATUS

A laser projector, an image acquisition device, and an electronic apparatus are provided. The laser projector includes a substrate assembly, a lens barrel, and a diffractive optical assembly. The lens barrel includes a lens barrel sidewall provided to the substrate assembly. The lens barrel sidewall includes a first face and a second face opposite to each other. The second face is joined to the substrate assembly. The diffractive optical assembly is provided to the first face. The diffractive optical assembly includes a diffractive optical element and a top cover, and the diffractive optical element and the top cover are fixedly connected. The diffractive optical element is located within the lens barrel, and the top cover is at least partially located outside the lens barrel and clamps the lens barrel together with the diffractive optical element. 1. A laser projector , comprising:a substrate assembly;a lens barrel comprising a lens barrel sidewall provided to the substrate assembly, the lens barrel sidewall comprising a first face and a second face opposite to each other, the second face being joined to the substrate assembly; anda diffractive optical assembly provided to the first face and comprising a diffractive optical element and a top cover, the diffractive optical element and the top cover being fixedly connected, the diffractive optical element being located within the lens barrel, and the top cover being at least partially located outside the lens barrel and clamping the lens barrel together with the diffractive optical element.2. The laser projector according to claim 1 , wherein the lens barrel defines an accommodating cavity together with the substrate assembly claim 1 , and the diffractive optical element is accommodated in the accommodating cavity.3. The laser projector according to claim 2 , wherein the top cover comprises a protection top wall and a protection sidewall extending from a periphery of the protection top wall claim 2 , the protection ...

DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL DEVICE PROVIDING STRUCTURED LIGHT

A diffractive optical element including microstructures, along a surface of an optical material, having a phase profile to diffract input illumination into structured light of a plurality of different diffraction orders; wherein the phase profile is at least partially phase unwrapped is disclosed. Methods of generating the diffractive optical element is also disclosed. 1. A diffractive optical element comprising:microstructures, along a surface of an optical material, having a phase profile to diffract input illumination into structured light of a plurality of different diffraction orders;wherein the phase profile is at least partially phase unwrapped.3. The diffractive optical element of claim 1 , wherein the phase profile is less than completely unwrapped.4. The diffractive optical element of claim 1 , wherein the surface extends along one or two dimensions each orthogonal to a depth dimension along which the phase profile extends.5. The diffractive optical element of claim 1 , wherein the optical material is a single optical material.6. The diffractive optical element of claim 5 , wherein the surface of the single optical material is a first surface that is opposite a second surface of the single optical material.7. The diffractive optical element of claim 6 , wherein the second surface has microstructures that are the same as the microstructures along the first surface of the single optical material.8. The diffractive optical element of claim 6 , wherein the second surface has microstructures that are different from the microstructures along the first surface of the single optical material.9. The diffractive optical element of claim 6 , wherein the second surface is flat.10. The diffractive optical element of claim 1 , wherein the optical material is a composite optical material including two or more different optical materials.11. The diffractive optical element of claim 10 , wherein the composite has a first external surface that is opposite a second external ...

LASER PROJECTION MODULES AND METHODS FOR DETECTING FRACTURE THEREOF, DEPTH CAMERAS AND ELECTRONIC DEVICES

A laser projection module () and a method for detecting a fracture thereof, a depth camera () and an electronic device (). The laser projection module () includes a laser emitter () and an optical assembly (). The laser emitter () is configured to emit laser light. The laser light passes through the optical assembly () to form a laser pattern. 1. A laser projection module , comprising:a laser emitter, configured to emit laser light; andan optical assembly, wherein the laser light passes through the optical assembly to form a laser pattern.2. The module of claim 1 , wherein the optical assembly comprises:a collimating element, configured to collimate the laser light; anda diffractive element, configured to diffract the laser light collimated by the collimating element to form the laser pattern, wherein the collimating element and/or the diffractive element is provided with a transparent conductive film, a conductive electrode is disposed on the transparent conductive film, and the conductive electrode is configured to output an electrical signal after being energized; andthe laser projection module further comprises a processor coupled to the conductive electrode, the processor is configured to obtain the electrical signal, to determine whether the electrical signal is within a preset range, and to determine fracture of the collimating element and/or the diffractive element in response to the electrical signal being not within the preset range.3. The module of claim 2 , wherein the diffractive element comprises a diffractive incident surface and a diffractive exit surface which are opposed claim 2 , and the transparent conductive film is disposed on the diffractive incident surface or on the diffractive exit surface when the diffractive element is provided with the transparent conductive film.4. The module of claim 3 , wherein one conductive electrode is disposed on the transparent conductive film claim 3 , the one conductive electrode comprises a diffraction input ...

Integrated light pipe for optical projection

An optical device includes a first plate having a first transparent region defining an exit face of the device, and a second plate having a second transparent region defining an entrance face of the device. At least one lens is formed over at least one of the first and second transparent regions. First and second planar reflectors are spaced apart and fixed between the first and second plates in mutually-parallel orientations diagonal to the first and second plates, thereby defining an optical path through the device from the entrance face, reflecting from the first and second reflectors, through the exit face and passing through the at least one refractive surface. 1. An optical device , comprising:a first plate having a first transparent region defining an exit face of the device;a second plate having a second transparent region defining an entrance face of the device;at least one lens formed over at least one of the first and second transparent regions; andfirst and second planar reflectors, spaced apart and fixed between the first and second plates in mutually-parallel orientations diagonal to the first and second plates,thereby defining an optical path through the device from the entrance face, reflecting from the first and second reflectors, through the exit face and passing through the at least one refractive surface.2. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one lens comprises at least a first lens formed over the first transparent region and at least a second lens formed over the second transparent region.3. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one lens comprises at least first and second lenses formed on opposing sides of at least one of the first and second plates.4. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second plates and the first and second planar reflectors define a cavity that contains the optical path claim 1 , andwherein the device comprises third and fourth plates, which are fixed to the first and ...

Method and Master for Producing a Volume Hologram

A method for producing a volume hologram with at least one first area in a first color and at least one second area in a second color includes, providing a volume hologram layer made of a photopolymer; arranging a master with a surface structure on the volume hologram layer; exposing the master using coherent light, wherein light which is incident on at least one first partial area of the surface of the master is diffracted or reflected in the direction of the at least one first area of the volume hologram layer and light which is incident on at least one second partial area of the surface of the master is diffracted or reflected in the direction of the at least one second area of the volume hologram, and wherein the light diffracted or reflected by the first and second partial areas differs in at least one optical property.

OPTICAL LENS AND PROJECTION APPARATUS

An optical lens includes a first lens with a positive refractive power, a second lens having a diffractive optical surface and a negative refractive power, and a third lens with a positive refractive power arranged in order from a magnified side to a minified side. A total number of lenses with refractive powers in the optical lens is smaller than six, and the first lens, the second lens and the third lens are made of plastic. 1. An optical lens , comprising:a first lens with a positive refractive power, a second lens having a diffractive optical surface and a negative refractive power, and a third lens with a positive refractive power arranged in order from a magnified side to a minified side, a total number of lenses with refractive powers in the optical lens being smaller than six, and the first lens, the second lens and the third lens being made of plastic.2. The optical lens as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the optical lens further comprises a lens with a negative refractive power disposed between the first lens and the second lens.3. The optical lens as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a depth of the diffractive optical surface is in the range of 0.29 um-2.5 um.4. The optical lens as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the optical lens further comprises an aperture stop claim 1 , and a distance between the aperture stop and the diffractive optical surface is kept fixed.5. The optical lens as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the optical lens further includes a Fresnel lens with a refractive power.6. The optical lens as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each of the first lens claim 1 , the second lens and the third lens is an aspheric lens.7. The optical lens as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first lens and the third lens are made of PMMA claim 1 , and the second lens is made of EP5000 plastic.8. The optical lens as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first lens and the third lens are made of PMMA claim 1 , and the second lens is made of E48R plastic.9. The optical lens as claimed in ...

DIFFRACTION DISPLAY SYSTEM

Disclosed is an anti-reflection diffraction display system, the system comprising: a substrate; a diffraction projection screen and an optical engine; the optical engine projects to the diffraction projection screen light carrying information of a target image, thereby displaying the target image by means of the diffraction of the diffraction projection screen, wherein the light emitted by the optical engine is not irradiated in a reflection window on the substrate, and the reflection window is a region on the substrate; and when the light emitted by the optical engine is irradiated to the region and reflected, the reflected light enters a design window of the diffraction display system. In addition, further disclosed are a directional projection-based diffraction display system that has a plurality of screens and a directional projection-based diffraction display system that has a whole screen. 1. An anti-reflection diffraction display system , comprising:a substrate;a diffraction projection screen comprising a diffractive optical device arranged on at least one portion of the substrate; andan optical engine, comprising a coherent light source and an image modulator, and used to project to the diffraction projection screen light that carries information of a target image, thereby displaying the target image by the diffraction of the diffraction projection screen,wherein the diffraction display system has a design window, within the range of which a user can observe a virtual image of the target image displayed by the diffraction projection screen; andwherein the light emitted by the optical engine is not irradiated in a reflection window on the substrate, and the reflection window is a region on the substrate; and wherein, when the light emitted by the optical engine is irradiated to the region and reflected, the reflected light enters the design window of the diffraction display system.2. The diffraction display system according to claim 1 , wherein a surface of a ...

HOMOGENIZING LENS ARRAY FOR DISPLAY IMAGING

In described examples, a system (e.g., a projection system) can include a diffractive optical element adapted to be illuminated by at least one coherent light beam. A lens array is coupled to receive a diffracted beam of light from the diffractive optical element. The lens array includes a first and a second array lens. The first array lens is coupled to receive a first sector of a pattern of illumination of the diffracted beam of light, and the second array lens is coupled to receive a second sector of the pattern of illumination of the diffracted beam of light. A spatial light modulator is coupled to receive overlapping diffracted beams of light from the first and second array lenses to form an image beam. 1. A system , comprising:a diffractive optical element adapted to be optically coupled to a coherent light beam illuminator, the diffractive optical element configured to generate a diffracted beam of light responsive to an incident coherent light beam, the diffracted beam of light including a diffracted pattern of illumination;a lens array optically coupled to the diffractive optical element, the lens array including a first array lens configured to receive a first sector of the diffracted pattern of illumination, and wherein the lens array includes a second array lens configured to receive a second sector of the diffracted pattern of illumination, the first array lens and second array lens configured to generate overlapping diffracted beams responsive to the diffracted pattern of illumination; anda spatial light modulator optically coupled to the lens array, the spatial light modulator configured to form an image beam responsive to the overlapping diffracted beams.2. The system of claim 1 , comprising a projection focusing element optically coupled to the spatial light modulator claim 1 , the projection focusing element configured to focus the image beam for view.3. The system of claim 1 , comprising the coherent light beam illuminator claim 1 , the coherent ...

DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL ELEMENT AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

A diffractive optical element is provided that includes at least two layers with different etching speeds for dry etching process. The diffractive optical element has a substrate of glass and a microstructure layer arranged on the substrate. The ratio of dry etching speed in thickness direction of the substrate to that of the microstructure layer is no more than 1:2 so that the substrate functions as an etching stop layer. The ratio of dry etching speed in horizontal direction of the substrate is substantially equal to that of the microstructure layer. The composition of glass includes, but is not limited to, AlO3, alkaline material (MO) and alkaline earth material (MO), where the weight percentage of AlO+MO+MO>=5%. 1. A diffractive optical element , comprising:{'sub': 2', '3', '2', '2', '3', '2, 'a substrate of glass, the glass comprising AlO, alkaline metal oxides MO, and alkaline earth metal oxides MO with a sum of content ΣAlO+MO+MO greater than 5 wt %, the substrate of glass exhibiting a refractive index in a range from 1.40 to 2.2;'}a microstructure layer arranged on the substrate of glass;a ratio of dry etching speed in thickness direction of the substrate of glass to that of the microstructure layer is no more than 1:2 so that the substrate of glass is an etching stop layer; anda ratio of dry etching speed in a horizontal direction of the substrate of glass is substantially equal to that of the microstructure layer.2. The diffractive optical element of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of dry etching speed in thickness direction is no more than 1:20.3. The diffractive optical element of claim 1 , wherein the sum of content ΣAlO+MO+MO is greater than or equal to 10 wt %.4. The diffractive optical element of claim 1 , wherein the microstructure layer has a feature dimension with an etched width less than 2000 μm.5. The diffractive optical element of claim 1 , wherein the microstructure layer has a step with an etched depth less than 1000 μm.6. The diffractive ...

EYEWEAR WITH PINHOLE AND SLIT CAMERAS

A head mounted display system can include a camera, at least one waveguide, at least one coupling optical element that is configured such that light is coupled into said waveguide and guided therein, and at least one out-coupling element. The at least one out-coupling element can be configured to couple light that is guided within said waveguide out of said waveguide and direct said light to said camera. The at least one coupling element may comprise a diffractive optical element having optical power. Additionally or alternatively, the at least one coupling optical element may have a coupling area for coupling light into said waveguide having an average thickness in a range from 0.1 to 3 millimeters across and/or may have a slit shaped coupling area. 1. A head mounted display system configured to project light to an eye of a user to display augmented reality image content in a vision field of said user , said head-mounted display system comprising:a frame configured to be supported on a head of the user;an image projector configured to project images into the user's eye to display image content in the vision field of the user;at least one camera;at least one waveguide;at least one coupling optical element configured such that light is coupled into said waveguide and guided therein, said at least one coupling optical element comprising a diffractive optical element having an coupling area for coupling light into said waveguide, said coupling area having an average thickness in a range from 0.1 to 3 millimeters across; andat least one out-coupling element configured to couple light guided within said waveguide out of said waveguide and direct said light to said camera,wherein at least one camera is disposed in an optical path with respect to said at least one out-coupling optical element to receive at least a portion of the light that is coupled into said waveguide via the coupling area of the at least one coupling optical element and guided therein and that is ...

EXIT PUPIL EXPANDING DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL WAVEGUIDING DEVICE

An optical device is disclosed for expanding input light in two dimensions in an augmented reality display. The device comprises a waveguide () and three linear diffraction grat-ings H H H An incident beam from a projector illuminates an input grating H with polychromatic light, and the light is coupled into the waveguide (). The other two gratings H H are overlaid on top of one another. Light can be diffracted by one grating H into a first diffracted order and towards the other grating H which can couple the light out of the waveguide () towards a viewer. In another arrangement the crossed gratings H H may be replaced by a photonic crystal () having a regular array of pillars () which create a number effective diffraction gratings. 1. An optical device for expanding input light in two dimensions in an augmented reality display , comprising:a waveguide;an input diffractive optical element configured to couple input light into the waveguide; andtwo diffractive optical elements entirely overlaid on one another in or on the waveguide, wherein each of the two diffractive optical elements is configured to receive light from the input diffractive optical element and couple it towards the other diffractive optical element which can then act as an output diffractive optical element providing outcoupled orders towards a viewer.2. The optical device of wherein each diffractive optical element comprises grooves and a grating vector in the plane of the grooves claim 1 , having a direction that is normal to the grooves and a magnitude which is inversely related to the pitch of the grooves claim 1 , wherein the input and output diffractive optical elements respectively have grating vectors with a substantially equal magnitude.3. The optical device of wherein a combination of the respective grating vectors of the input diffractive optical element and the two diffractive optical elements is a resultant vector with substantially zero magnitude.4. The optical device of wherein the ...

OPHTHALMOLOGICAL OPTICAL ELEMENT AND METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING AN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL OPTICAL ELEMENT

An ophthalmological optical element, in particular a spectacle lens, includes a first refractive optical substrate, which has a positive or negative first optical power; a first diffractive optical element, which has a second optical power; and a second diffractive optical element, which has a third optical power. The first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element have opposite optical powers. The first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element interact in an at least partly achromatic manner. 120-. (canceled)21. An ophthalmological optical element , in particular a spectacle lens , comprising:a first refractive optical substrate, which has a positive or negative first optical power;a first diffractive optical element, which has a second optical power; anda second diffractive optical element, which has a third optical power,wherein the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element have opposite optical powers, andwherein the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element interact in an at least partly achromatic manner.22. The ophthalmological optical element as claimed in claim 21 , wherein the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element interact in an achromatic manner together with the first refractive optical substrate.23. The ophthalmological optical element as claimed in claim 21 , wherein the absolute value of the sum of the second optical power of the first diffractive optical element and of the third optical power of the second diffractive optical element divided by an absolute value of the difference between the second optical power claim 21 , and the third optical power is less than 1/10.24. The ophthalmological optical element as claimed in claim 21 , wherein the first optical substrate has a front surface and a back surface and wherein at least one of the first diffractive optical element is arranged on ...

DISPLAY DEVICE

A display device of the present disclosure includes, along an optical path of imaging light emitted from an imaging light generation device, a first optical portion having a positive power, a second optical portion including a first diffraction element and having a positive power, a third optical portion having a positive power, and a fourth optical portion including a second diffraction element and having a positive power. In the optical path, the first diffraction element and the second diffraction element diffract the imaging light at least along a primary diffraction plane and a secondary diffraction plane orthogonal to the primary diffraction plane, and a deflection force of the imaging light in the primary diffraction plane is greater than a deflection force of the imaging light in the secondary diffraction plane. 2. The display device according to claim 1 , whereinin the second diffraction element, a diffraction angle of the imaging light in view of the first direction is greater than a diffraction angle of the imaging light in view of the second direction different from the first direction.3. The display device according to claim 2 , further comprisinga second optical element that emits the imaging light from the first diffraction element toward the second diffraction element, whereinin the second optical element, a positive power with respect to the imaging light in the first direction is greater than a positive power with respect to the imaging light in the second direction.4. The display device according to claim 1 , further comprisinga second reflection element that reflects the imaging light from the first optical element toward the first diffraction element, whereinthe second reflection element is disposed between a first intermediate image and the first optical element on an optical path,the first reflection element is disposed between a second intermediate image and the second optical element on the optical path. This is a Continuation of application ...

DIFFRACTION BASED OVERLAY SCATTEROMETRY

A method of monitoring overlay is used in a manufacturing process in which successive layers are deposited one over another to form a stack. Each layer may include a periodic structure such as a diffraction grating to be aligned with a periodic structure in another layer. The stacked periodic structures may be illuminated to form + and − first order diffraction patterns from the periodic structures. An image of the stacked periodic structures may be captured including + and − diffraction patterns. The + and − diffraction patterns may be compared to calculate the overlay between successive layers. 1. A method of monitoring overlay in a manufacturing process in which successive layers are deposited one over another to form a stack and in which each layer includes a periodic structure to be aligned with a periodic structure in another layer , the method comprising:illuminating stacked periodic structures with illumination to form positive and negative first order diffraction patterns from the periodic structures;capturing an image of the stacked periodic structures including positive and negative diffraction patterns; andcomparing the positive and negative diffraction patterns to calculate the overlay between successive layers.2. The method of wherein diffraction patterns comprise interference fringes and said comparing comprises comparing the interference fringe positions to identify any asymmetry between the positive and negative diffraction patterns.3. The method of wherein the interference fringe positions are determined by analyzing image intensity as a function of position in the image.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said comparing comprises determining a characteristic frequency for each of the positive and negative diffraction patterns claim 1 , and comparing the characteristic frequencies to identify an overlay between successive layers.5. The method of wherein the characteristic frequency is determined using a fast Fourier transform.6. The method of ...

OPTICAL COMPONENT HAVING VARIABLE DEPTH GRATINGS AND METHOD OF FORMATION

An optical grating component may include a substrate, and an optical grating, the optical grating being disposed on the substrate. The optical grating may include a plurality of angled structures, disposed at a non-zero angle of inclination with respect to a perpendicular to a plane of the substrate, wherein the plurality of angled structures are arranged to define a variable depth along a first direction, the first direction being parallel to the plane of the substrate. 2. The optical grating of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of angled structures extend along a second direction claim 1 , perpendicular to the first direction claim 1 , and wherein a grating height of an angled structure along the second direction is uniform.3. The optical grating component of claim 2 ,wherein the optical grating is a first optical grating,the optical grating component further comprising a second optical grating, the second optical grating comprising a second plurality of angled structures, disposed at a second non-zero angle of inclination with respect to the perpendicular to the plane of the substrate, wherein the second plurality of angled structures are arranged to define a second variable depth along the second direction.4. The optical grating component of claim 1 , wherein the optical grating comprises silicon oxide claim 1 , silicon nitride claim 1 , or a glass.5. The optical grating component of claim 1 , wherein the optical grating comprises a grating height in a range of 100 nm to 1000 nm claim 1 , wherein the optical grating comprises a grating height variation of 10%-40%.6. The optical grating component of claim 1 , wherein the optical grating is disposed in a grating layer claim 1 , the optical grating component further comprising an etch stop layer claim 1 , disposed between the substrate and the grating layer.7. The optical grating component of claim 6 , wherein the etch stop layer comprises a thickness of 10 nm to 100 nm.8. The optical grating component of claim 6 , ...

Display apparatus and method of manufacturing the same

A display apparatus including a display substrate, a light-emitting device on the display substrate, an encapsulation substrate on the light-emitting device and bonded to the display substrate, and a diffraction-grating layer on a top surface of the encapsulation substrate, wherein the diffraction-grating layer includes a plurality of diffraction patterns spaced apart from one another by a predetermined distance, and each of the plurality of diffraction patterns has a stacked structure of a lower layer and an upper layer, wherein the lower and upper layers include different materials.

Method and Apparatus for Optical Waveguide-to-Semiconductor Coupling for Integrated Photonic Circuits

A grating coupler couples a waveguide to a beam and is formed of patterned shapes in a first and second layer of planar material, the shapes embedded in background material, the layers separated by less than one wavelength. The shapes are organized as a plurality of adjacent unit cells arranged along a direction of propagation of light with each unit cell including a shape of the first material and a shape of the second material, each unit cell having design parameters including a period, a width wb of the shape of first planar material, a width wt of the shape of second planar material, and an offset between the shapes. The coupler has a directivity ratio D is at least 10 dB between “up” and “down” radiation; and unit cells differ in at least one parameter selected from period, wb, wt, and offset to provide a predetermined beam shape.

DIFFRACTIVE LIGHT GUIDE PLATE AND DISPLAY DEVICE INCLUDING SAME

A diffractive light guide plate including a light guide unit; an input diffractive optical element that receives lights output from a light source and diffracts the received lights to be guided on the light guide unit; and two output diffractive optical elements disposed in a predetermined region of the light guide unit and having different linear grating patterns from each other, wherein the two output diffractive optical elements are configured so that each one output diffractive optical element receives the lights from the input diffractive optical element and allows the received lights to be directed to the other output diffractive optical element by diffraction, and so that each one output diffractive optical element receives lights from the other output diffractive optical element and allows the received lights to be output from the light guide unit by diffraction, and the two output diffractive optical elements having different linear grating patterns are alternately arranged in at least one dimension in a central region having at least a predetermined width within the predetermined region and partitioned longitudinally from a side adjacent to the input diffractive optical element to an opposite side thereto. 1. A diffractive light guide plate comprising:a light guide unit configured to guide lights;an input diffractive optical element configured to receive lights output from a light source and diffract the received lights to be guided on the light guide unit; andtwo output diffractive optical elements disposed in a predetermined region of the light guide unit and having different linear grating patterns from each other,wherein the two output diffractive optical elements are configured so that each one output diffractive optical element receives the lights from the input diffractive optical element and allows the received lights to be directed to the other output diffractive optical element by diffraction,wherein the two output diffractive optical elements ...

BEAM EXPANDER AND METHOD OF OPERATING THE SAME

A beam expander includes first and second optical elements spaced apart from each other, and a light diffuser having an angular aperture that diffuses incident light through the angular aperture, wherein the first optical element in-couples the diffused light such that light exiting the first optical element has a first cross-sectional shape and light having a second cross-sectional shape different from the first cross-sectional shape is incident on the second optical element, and the second optical element out-couples light incident from the first optical element. 1. A beam expander comprising:a first optical element;a second optical element spaced apart from the first optical element; anda light diffuser having an angular aperture, the light diffuser diffusing incident light through the angular aperture,wherein the first optical element in-couples the diffused light such that light exiting the first optical element has a first cross-sectional shape and light having a second cross-sectional shape different from the first cross-sectional shape is incident on the second optical element, andwherein the second optical element out-couples light incident from the first optical element.2. The beam expander of claim 1 , wherein the angular aperture of the light diffuser is greater than about 0° and equal to or less than 5°.3. The beam expander of claim 1 , wherein an intensity of the light diffused by the light diffuser has a greater uniformity over a light cross section than an intensity of the incident light.4. The beam expander of claim 1 , wherein the light diffuser outputs the incident light as a plurality of sub-lights that are spatially separated from each other.5. The beam expander of claim 1 , wherein the light diffuser modulates a phase of the incident light and outputs the incident light as a plurality of sub-lights.6. The beam expander of claim 1 , wherein the light diffuser performs spatial non-uniformity phase modulation on the incident light and outputs a ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING LIGHT BY AN ARRAY OF OPTICAL RESONATORS

An array of optical resonators comprises at least a first type of optical resonators each having a resonant response to an optical field at a first wavelength, and a second type of optical resonators each having a resonant response to an optical field at a second wavelength, being different from the first wavelength. The resonant responses can be selected to reduce chromatic aberrations, or to shape a profile of a light beam, or to selectively switch a near field beam. 1. An optical system , comprising an array of nanoresonators , wherein said array of nanoresonators is spatially ordered to polarize or effect light polarization over a cross section of a light beam , or an image , for at least one wavelength.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein said array of nanostructures is spatially ordered to effect at least two different light polarizations respectively for at least two different wavelengths.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein said array of nanostructures is spatially ordered to polarize or effect light polarization over said cross section of said light beam claim 1 , or said image claim 1 , for any wavelength within a wavelength range spanning over at least 100 nm.4. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a refractive optical element claim 1 , wherein said refractive optical element and said array are positioned on a same optical axis claim 1 , and wherein said array of nanostructures is selected to effect a spatially varying polarization over said cross section of said light beam.5. The system according to claim 1 , wherein said array is positioned at or near a Fourier plane of said image.6. The system according to claim 1 , serving as a component in a system selected from the group consisting of: a lens system claim 1 , a beam shaping system claim 1 , an imaging system and an optical sensor system.7. A method of controlling light claim 1 , comprising directing a light beam or an image onto an optical system which comprises an array of nanoresonators claim 1 ...

Backlight module, liquid crystal display, and electronic device

The present disclosure provides a backlight module, a liquid crystal display, and an electronic device. The backlight module includes: a backplane; at least one light source arranged on the backplane; and at least one diffractive optical element arranged above the light source, and a central axis of the diffractive optical element and a central axis of the light source are on a same straight line.

Sequential Diffractive Pattern Projection

The present disclosure relates to structured illumination. The teachings thereof may be embodied in devices for reconstruction of a three-dimensional surface of an object by means of a structured illumination for projection of measurement patterns onto the object. For example, a device may include: a projector unit for diffractive projection of a measurement pattern comprising a plurality of measurement points onto the surface; an acquisition unit for acquiring the measurement pattern from the surface; and a computer unit for reconstruction of the surface from a respective distortion of the measurement pattern. All possible positions of measurement elements are contained in the measurement pattern in repeating groups, in which a respective combination of measurement points represents a respective location in the measurement pattern.

INTERFACE DEVICE AND CONTROL METHOD

A laser light application unit () has a laser light source for applying laser light. A control information acquisition unit () acquires control information indicating each of a plurality of directions in which an image is to be irradiated. A control unit () controls an interface device () such that the image is irradiated in each of the plurality of directions indicated by the control information. The laser light applied by the laser light application unit () is incident on a first light collection unit (). The first light collection unit () diffracts the incident laser light such that the laser light forms the image that is not similar to that at the time of incidence. 1. An interface device comprising:a laser light application unit having a laser light source for applying laser light;a control information acquisition unit that acquires control information indicating each of a plurality of directions in which an image is to be irradiated;a control unit that controls a direction in which the image is irradiated on the basis of the control information; anda first light collection unit, on which the laser light is incident, that diffracts the laser light such that the laser light forms the image that is not similar to that at the time of incidence.2. The interface device according to claim 1 , whereinthe first light collection unit has a plurality of diffraction regions that diffract the laser light such that the laser light forms the images that are independent on each other,the control information indicates the diffraction region on which the laser light is to be incident to indicate a direction in which the laser light is to be applied, andthe control unit controls a direction in which the laser light is applied such that the laser light is incident on the diffraction region indicated by the control information.3. The interface device according to claim 2 , comprising:a selection unit including a plurality of apertures which perform filtering of a part of the laser ...

THREE-DIMENSIONAL (3D) ELECTRONIC DISPLAY

Three-dimensional (3D) electronic displays provide different 3D views and employ one or both of an array of multibeam diffraction gratings arranged in offset rows and light valves having color filters. The displays include a plate light guide configured to guide light beams at a non-zero propagation angle, a multibeam diffraction grating configured to couple out a portion of the guided light beams as a plurality of light beams having different principal angular directions representing the different 3D views, and light valves configured to modulate the differently directed, coupled-out light beams. The multibeam diffraction grating may be a member of the array arranged in offset rows and the display may further include light valves having color filters. Alternately, the light valves include color filters and the display may further include the array of multibeam diffraction gratings arranged in offset rows. 1. A three-dimensional (3D) electronic display comprising:a plate light guide configured to guide a light beam at a non-zero propagation angle;an array of multibeam diffraction gratings arranged in a plurality of offset rows, a multibeam diffraction grating of the array being configured to diffractively couple out a portion of the guided light beam as a plurality of coupled-out light beams having different principal angular directions corresponding to different views of the 3D electronic display; anda light valve array configured to modulate the plurality of coupled-out light beams corresponding to the different views of the 3D electronic display, the modulated plurality of coupled-out light beams representing pixels of the 3D electronic display.2. The 3D electronic display of claim 1 , wherein the multibeam diffraction grating comprises a linearly chirped diffraction grating.3. The 3D electronic display of claim 1 , wherein the multibeam diffraction grating is at a surface of the plate light guide claim 1 , the multibeam diffraction grating having a substantially ...

Optical Arrangement for Spectral Decomposition of Light

An optical arrangement for spectral decomposition of light is disclosed. In an embodiment the optical arrangement includes a reflection diffraction grating, a first medium with a refractive index narranged on a light incidence side of the reflection diffraction grating; and a second medium with a refractive index narranged on a side of the reflection diffraction grating that faces away from the light incidence side, with n>n, wherein the optical arrangement is configured in such a way that light impinges on the reflection diffraction grating from the first medium at an angle of incidence α, wherein a condition sin(α)>n/nis satisfied, wherein the reflection diffraction grating comprises a layer system with at least one unstructured layer and at least one structured layer, wherein the at least one structured layer has a periodic structure with a period p in lateral direction, and wherein the period p meets the following conditions: p<λ/[n*sin(α)+n] and p>λ/[n*sin(α)+n]. 1. An optical arrangement for a spectral decomposition of light with wavelengths λ in a spectral range λ≦λ≦λ , the optical arrangement comprising:a reflection diffraction grating;{'sub': 'in', 'a first medium with a refractive index narranged on a light incidence side of the reflection diffraction grating; and'}{'sub': G', 'in', 'G, 'a second medium with a refractive index narranged on a side of the reflection diffraction grating that faces away from the light incidence side, with n>n,'}wherein the optical arrangement is configured in such a way that light impinges on the reflection diffraction grating from the first medium at an angle of incidence α,{'sub': G', 'in, 'wherein a condition sin(α)>n/nis satisfied,'}wherein the reflection diffraction grating comprises a layer system with at least one unstructured layer and at least one structured layer,wherein the at least one structured layer has a periodic structure with a period p in lateral direction, and [{'br': None, 'i': p<λ/[n', 'n, 'sub': in', 'G, ...

DISPLACEMENT DETECTING DEVICE

A displacement detecting device includes a first diffraction grating, a light source, a displacement detecting unit, and a light receiving unit. The displacement detecting unit includes a light flux dividing unit, a second diffraction grating, and a reference reflecting member. An incident angle of a first light flux to the first diffraction grating, a diffraction angle of the first diffraction grating, an incident angle of the first light flux to the second diffraction grating, and a diffraction angle of the second diffraction grating are angles at which a displacement amount in an optical path length of the first light flux from the light flux dividing unit to the first diffraction grating and a displacement amount in an optical path length of the first light flux from the first diffraction grating to the second diffraction grating become equal in a case where a measured member is displaced in a direction orthogonal to a measured surface. 1. A displacement detecting device comprising:a first diffraction grating provided in a measured surface of a measured member; anda head arranged in such a manner as to face the measured surface of the measured member,wherein the head and the measured member are relatively movable at least in one of a direction in parallel with the measured surface and a direction orthogonal to the measured surface,the head includesa light source that emits light,a displacement detecting unit that divides the light emitted from the light source into a first light flux and a second light flux and that emits the first light flux toward the first diffraction grating, anda light receiving unit that receives the second light flux, and the first light flux that returns from the first diffraction grating through the displacement detecting unit,the displacement detecting unit includesa light flux dividing unit that divides the light into the first light flux and the second light flux and that emits the divided first light flux toward the first ...

ROTATABLE OPTICAL MODULE FOR PROJECTING STRUCTURED LIGHT AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE USING THE SAME

A rotatable optical module able to aim structured light in different directions includes a driver and an optical assembly positioned at a side of the driver and connected to the driver. The optical assembly projects structured light. The driver drives the optical assembly to rotate, thereby changing the aiming direction of the structured light. 1. A rotatable optical module comprising:a driver; andan optical assembly positioned at a side of the driver and connected to the driver, the optical assembly being configured to project structured light, the driver being configured to drive the optical assembly to rotate, thereby changing direction of the structured light.2. The rotatable optical module of claim 1 , wherein the optical assembly comprises a holder claim 1 , a protruding post protrudes from a surface of the holder facing the driver claim 1 , the driver comprises a rotation shaft which has an end surface facing the protruding post claim 1 , a receiving groove is defined on the end surface claim 1 , and the protruding post is fixedly received in the receiving groove claim 1 , thereby connecting the holder to the driver.3. The rotatable optical module of claim 2 , wherein the rotatable optical module further comprises a first board assembly configured for supporting the holder.4. The rotatable optical module of claim 3 , wherein the first board assembly comprises a first support board and a first circuit board formed on the first support board claim 3 , the holder is formed on the first circuit board claim 3 , and the first circuit board comprises a laser source for emitting laser.5. The rotatable optical module of claim 4 , wherein the first circuit board further comprises a collimating lens and a diffraction optical element claim 4 , the laser source claim 4 , the collimating lens claim 4 , and the diffraction optical element are arranged from image side to object side claim 4 , the collimation lens collimates the laser from the laser source claim 4 , and the ...

CAMERA DEVICE

A camera device is provided. The camera device includes a light emitting portion configured to change a light path of light according to a first control signal and output the light along a first light path or a second light path, a light receiving portion configured to receive the light reflected by an object and generate an electrical signal, and a control portion configured to generate the first control signal which controls the light path of the light to be changed to the first light path or the second light path. Here, the light emitting portion outputs the light with a first pattern along the first light path or outputs the light with a second pattern along the second light path. 1. A camera device comprising:a light emitting portion configured to change a light path of light according to a first control signal and output the light along a first light path or a second light path;a light receiving portion configured to receive the light reflected by an object and generate an electrical signal; anda control portion configured to generate the first control signal which controls the light path of the light to be changed to the first light path or the second light path,wherein the light emitting portion outputs the light with a first pattern along the first light path or outputs the light with a second pattern along the second light path.2. The camera device of claim 1 , wherein the first pattern comprises a surface light source pattern claim 1 , andwherein the second pattern comprises a point light source pattern.3. The camera device of claim 1 , wherein the light emitting portion comprises:a light source comprising a plurality of light emitting elements and configured to generate the light;a lens assembly configured to condense light generated by the light source and output the condensed light along the first light path or the second light path; andan optical member disposed to be spaced apart from the light source and configured to diffract the light.4. The ...

Multi-Focal Lens

An imaging lens structure and method of imaging are presented. The imaging lens structure comprising a lens region defining an effective aperture of the lens structure. The lens region comprises an arrangement of lens zones distributed within the lens region and comprising zones of at least two different optical functions differently affecting light passing therethrough. The zones of at least two different optical functions are arranged in an interlaced fashion along said lens region corresponding to a surface relief of the lens region such that adjacent lens zones of different optical functions are spaced apart from one another along an optical axis of the lens structure a distance larger than a coherence length of light at least one spectral range for which said lens structure is designed. 1. An imaging lens structure comprising a lens region defining an effective aperture of the lens structure , said lens region comprising an arrangement of lens zones distributed within the lens region and comprising zones of at least two different optical functions differently affecting light passing therethrough , said zones of at least two different optical functions being arranged in an interlaced fashion along said lens region corresponding to a surface relief of the lens region such that adjacent lens zones of different optical functions are spaced apart from one another along an optical axis of the lens structure a distance larger than a coherence length of light at least one spectral range for which said lens structure is designed.223-. (canceled)24. An imaging lens structure comprising a multi-focal lens region comprising a plurality of lens zones of at least two different focal lengths , said lens zones being arranged in an interlaced fashion within a surface of said multi-focal lens region such that the lens zone of one focal length is surrounded by lens zones of one or more different focal lengths and the lens zones of the same focal length are arranged on said ...

SPECTRAL FEATURE CONTROL APPARATUS

A spectral feature selection apparatus includes a dispersive optical element arranged to interact with a pulsed light beam; three or more refractive optical elements arranged in a path of the pulsed light beam between the dispersive optical element and a pulsed optical source; and one or more actuation systems, each actuation system associated with a refractive optical element and configured to rotate the associated refractive optical element to thereby adjust a spectral feature of the pulsed light beam. At least one of the actuation systems is a rapid actuation system that includes a rapid actuator configured to rotate its associated refractive optical element about a rotation axis. The rapid actuator includes a rotary stepper motor having a rotation shaft that rotates about a shaft axis that is parallel with the rotation axis of the associated refractive optical element. 1. A spectral feature selection apparatus comprising:a dispersive optical element;a beam expander including a plurality of prisms arranged in a path between the dispersive optical element and an aperture; andat least one actuation system comprising a rapid actuator including a rotatable shaft to which a prism in the beam expander is fixed; the dispersive optical element and the beam expander are arranged such that a light beam interacts with the aperture, the beam expander, and the dispersive optical element along an optical path that lies in an XY plane of the apparatus;', 'the rotatable shaft is configured to rotate about a shaft axis that is perpendicular to the XY plane and thereby causing the prism to rotate about a prism axis that is parallel with the shaft axis; and', 'the rapid actuator lacks mechanical memory and lacks an energy ground state., 'wherein2. The spectral feature selection apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a control system connected to the actuation system claim 1 , and configured to send a signal to the actuation system instructing the rapid actuator to rotate the ...

SYSTEM, METHOD AND COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT TO PROJECT LIGHT PATTERN

Disclosed are methods, circuits, optical assemblies, devices, systems and associated computer executable code for estimating for three dimentional imaging. According to some embodiments, there may be provided a projector operable to project a bi-dimensionally coded pattern to provide a first projection of the bi-dimensionally coded pattern and a second projection of the bi-dimensionally coded pattern. The first projection and the second projection may be offset or rigidly shifted with respect to one another, such that a first reflection off an object which is associated with the first projection and a second reflection off the object which is associated with the second projection are provided. A signal corresponding to the first reflection and a signal corresponding to the second reflection may be co-processed. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. (canceled)13. (canceled)14. (canceled)15. (canceled)16. (canceled)17. (canceled)18. (canceled)19. (canceled)20. (canceled)21. A depth sensing system , comprising:a light source;a diffractive optical element (“DOE”) configured to receive light from the light source and produce a bi-dimensional structured light pattern comprising a plurality of feature types, each feature type is formed by a unique formation of feature elements, wherein the purality of features types comprise a plurality of feature type pairs comprising a first feature type and a second feature type, and in each feature type pair of the plurality of feature type pairs a second feature type is arranged at a 180° rotational transformation around a certain point with respect to the first feature type, and the second feature type's feature elements are inverted relative to the feature elements of the first feature type;a sensor configured to capture an image of a reflected portion of a projection of the bi-dimensional structured light pattern; andat ...

Holographic weapon sight with parabolic reflector

A holographic weapon sight with a housing that has a viewing end and an opposing target end. The viewing path is defined from the viewing end to the target end. The sight has a light source that projects a light beam along a path. The sight also has a diffractive optical element (DOE) disposed in the path of the light beam, and the DOE reconstructs an image of a reticle. The sight includes a parabolic reflector that reflects the image of the reticle. The parabolic reflector may be disposed in the viewing path such that a user views a target along the viewing path through the parabolic reflector from the viewing end.

COLOR SEPARATION DEVICES AND IMAGE SENSORS INCLUDING THE SAME

Color separation devices, and image sensors including the color separation devices and color filters, include at least two transparent bars that face each other with a gap therebetween. Mutually-facing surfaces of the at least two transparent bars are separated from each other by the gap such that the at least two transparent bars allow diffraction of visible light passing therebetween. The at least two transparent bars have a refractive index greater than a refractive index of a surrounding medium. 1. A color separation device , comprising:a first transparent bar; anda second transparent bar facing the first transparent bar,wherein mutually-facing surfaces of the first transparent bar and the second transparent bar are separated from each other by a gap such that the first transparent bar and the second transparent bar allow diffraction of visible light passing therebetween,wherein the first transparent bar and the second transparent bar are arranged such the first transparent bar and the second transparent bar operate as a single color separator changing a spectrum distribution of incident light, andwherein the first transparent bar and the second transparent bar are connected to each other through edges thereof extending perpendicular to the mutually-facing surfaces of the first transparent bar and the second transparent bar.2. The color separation device of claim 1 , wherein the color separation device has a rectangular box shape.3. The color separation device of claim 1 , wherein each of the first transparent bar and the second transparent bar has a flat rectangular parallelepiped shape.4. The color separation device of claim 1 , wherein the first transparent bar and the second transparent bar are formed of materials having different refractive indexes.5. The color separation device of claim 1 , wherein the first transparent bar and the second transparent bar have a refractive index that varies in a height direction thereof.6. The color separation device of ...

Method and Apparatus for Contact Image Sensing

A contact image sensor having an illumination source; a first SBG array device; a transmission grating; a second SBG array device; a waveguiding layer including a multiplicity of waveguide cores separated by cladding material; an upper clad layer; and a platen. The sensor further includes: an input element for coupling light from the illumination source into the first SBG array; a coupling element for coupling light out of the cores into output optical paths coupled to a detector having at least one photosensitive element. 1. A waveguide device comprising:an optical substrate with first and second light reflecting surfaces; anda light absorbing coating applied to at least one of said surfaces with portions of the coating removed to provide at least one non-absorbing region disposed between light absorbing regions,each said non-absorbing region of said first surface overlapping a non-absorbing region of said second surface to form a waveguiding volume within said substrate.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said non-absorbing regions are portions of said substrate surface at which total internal refection can take place.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said non-absorbing regions are portions of said light reflecting surface textured to scatter light or coated to provide partial reflection of light.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said waveguide volume provides a rectangular waveguiding core.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a source of light optically coupled to said waveguide.6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein said light is collimated before being coupled into said waveguide.7. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein said light is infrared or ultraviolet.8. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein said light is polarized before being coupled into said waveguide.9. The apparatus of claim 5 , further comprising at least one of a polarization selection layer claim 5 , a polarization rotation layer claim 5 , a platen for contact image formation claim ...

Projector, electronic device having projector and associated manufacturing method

The present invention provides a projector including a substrate, a laser module and a lens module. The laser module is positioned on the substrate, and a laser diode of the laser module is not packaged within a can. The lens module is arranged for receiving a laser beam from the laser diode of the laser module to generate a projected image of the projector.

MULTI-WAVEGUIDE LIGHT FIELD DISPLAY

A multi-waveguide optical structure, including multiple waveguides stacked to intercept light passing sequentially through each waveguide, each waveguide associated with a differing color and a differing depth of plane, each waveguide including: a first adhesive layer, a substrate having a first index of refraction, and a patterned layer positioned such that the first adhesive layer is between the patterned layer and the substrate, the first adhesive layer providing adhesion between the patterned layer and the substrate, the patterned layer having a second index of refraction less than the first index of refraction, the patterned layer defining a diffraction grating, wherein a field of view associated with the waveguide is based on the first and the second indices of refraction. 120.-. (canceled)21. A method of forming a waveguide stack , the method comprising: obtaining a substrate having a first index of refraction;', 'applying a first adhesive layer onto the substrate; and', 'positioning a first patterned layer on the first adhesive layer such that the first adhesive layer is between the first patterned layer and the substrate, wherein the first patterned layer has a second index of refraction that is less than the first index of refraction; and, 'forming a plurality of waveguides, wherein forming each of the waveguides comprisesarranging the plurality of waveguides to yield the waveguide stack.22. The method of claim 21 , wherein forming each of the waveguides further comprises applying a second adhesive layer to the substrate such that the substrate is between the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer.23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the second adhesive layer is applied using vapor deposition.24. The method of claim 22 , wherein forming each of the waveguides further comprises positioning an additional patterned layer on the second adhesive layer such that the second adhesive layer is between the substrate and the additional patterned layer.25. ...

VIRTUAL IMAGE DISPLAY DEVICE

Provided is a virtual image display device including an imaging light emitting device, a light-guiding member configured to guide imaging light emitted from the imaging light emitting device, and an emission-side diffraction element provided at a light-emitting portion of the light-guiding member and configured to emit the imaging light by diffraction. In the emission-side diffraction element, a light amount difference between a first component light and a second component light of the imaging light, the first component light being emitted as a central image at a first angle σ of 0° and the second component light being emitted as a peripheral image at a second angle σ of ±θ (θ>0°), is equal to or less than 20%. 1. A virtual image display device comprising:an imaging light emitting device configured to emit imaging light;a light-guiding member configured to guide the imaging light emitted from the imaging light emitting device; anda diffraction element provided at an emitting portion of the light-guiding member emitting the imaging light and configured to emit the imaging light by diffraction, whereinin the diffraction element, a light amount difference between a first component light of the imaging light and a second component light of the imaging light is equal to or less than 20%, the first component light being emitted at a first angle, and the second component light being emitted at a second angle different from the first angle.2. The virtual image display device according to claim 1 , whereinthe imaging light emitting device emits, as the imaging light, polarized light in a direction in which diffraction efficiency by the diffraction element is low.3. The virtual image display device according to claim 2 , whereinthe imaging light emitting device emits, as the imaging light, light that is a transverse magnetic (TM) wave with respect to the diffraction element.4. The virtual image display device according to claim 1 , whereinthe imaging light emitting device ...

Spectrally Encoded Probe with Multiple Diffraction Orders

A spectrally encoded endoscopic probe. The probe has a light guiding component, a light focusing component, and a grating component. The probe is configured such that a set of light beams of multiple wavelengths are diffracted by the grating component in different orders at substantially the same angle. The set of light beams includes at least 3 light beams. Each light beam among the set of light beams is associated with a different wavelength. 1. A spectrally encoded endoscopy probe for color imaging comprising:a light guiding component for guiding illumination light;a light focusing component; anda grating component;wherein the spectrally encoded endoscopy probe is configured such that a set of light beams of multiple wavelengths are diffracted by the grating component in different orders at substantially a same angle;wherein the set of light beams includes at least 3 light beams; andwherein each light beam among the set of light beams is associated with a different wavelength.2. The probe of claim 1 , wherein the multiple wavelengths are between 400 nm and 1200 nm; andwherein a minimum value for an absolute value of the different orders is 2.3. The probe of claim 1 , wherein each light beam among the set of light beams is associated with a different wavelength range among a plurality of wavelength ranges;wherein each light beam is diffracted in a different diffraction order;wherein each light beam is diffracted at substantially the same angle range.4. The probe of claim 3 , wherein the spectral width of each wavelength range among the plurality of wavelength ranges is more than 30 nm.5. The probe of claim 3 , wherein the angle range is more than 10 degrees.6. The probe of claim 1 , wherein the light guiding component consists of a single optical fiber.7. The probe of claim 1 , wherein the illumination light comprises broadband visible light.8. The probe of claim 1 , wherein the spectrally dispersed light exiting the grating component has a wavelength of between ...

SPECTRALLY ENCODED PROBES

A novel endoscope, which can be a spectrally encoded endoscope (SEE) probe having forward-view, side-view, or a combination of forward and side views is provided herein. The SEE probe includes a light guiding component, a light focusing component, and a grating component. The probe is configured to forward a light such as a spectrally dispersed light from the grating component to a sample with no intermediate reflections between light guiding component and the grating component. A triangular grating, such as a staircase grating or an overhang grating may be used as the grating component. 1. A probe comprising:a light guiding component;a light focusing component; anda grating component,wherein the probe is configured for guiding a light from the light guiding component, through the light focusing component and to the grating component in the direction of the probe optical axis, and then forwarding a spectrally dispersed light from the grating component towards a sample with no intermediate reflections between the light guiding component and the grating component.2. The probe of claim 1 , wherein the grating component comprises a triangular grating.3. The probe of claim 1 , wherein the probe is a spectrally encoded endoscopy (SEE) probe.5. The probe of claim 1 , wherein a light diffracted from the grating component having a wavelength of between 400 nm and 1000 nm has substantially no 0order component.6. The probe of claim 1 , wherein the grating component comprises a first refractive surface substantially perpendicular to the direction of the probe optical axis.7. The probe of claim 6 , wherein the grating component comprises a second refractive surface substantially parallel to the direction of the probe optical axis.8. The probe of claim 1 , wherein the grating component is transmissive grating configured to enhance one or more of the transmitted orders of diffracted light.9. The probe of claim 8 , wherein the grating component is configured to enhance the 4 claim ...

PRIVACY DISPLAY AND DUAL-MODE PRIVACY DISPLAY SYSTEM

A privacy display provides a private image exclusively visible within a viewing cone of a viewbox. The privacy display includes a light guide to guide light, a diffraction grating configured to diffractively couple out a portion of the guided light as diffractively coupled-out light and to direct the diffractively coupled-out light into the viewbox, and a light valve array configured to modulate the diffractively coupled-out light to provide the private image. An extent of the viewbox is determined by a collimation factor of the guided light. A dual-mode privacy display system further includes a broad-angle backlight configured to provide broad-angle light to separately provide a public image visible both inside and outside the viewing cone. The private image may be provided in a privacy mode and the public image may be provided in a public mode of the dual-mode privacy display system. 1. A privacy display comprising:a light guide configured to guide light according to a collimation factor;a diffraction grating at a surface of the light guide, the diffraction grating being configured to diffractively couple out a portion of the guided light from the light guide as diffractively coupled-out light and to direct the diffractively coupled-out light into a viewbox; anda light valve array configured to modulate the diffractively coupled-out light to provide a private image,wherein an extent of the viewbox is determined by the collimation factor, the private image being configured to be exclusively visible within a viewing cone of the viewbox to provide viewing privacy.2. The privacy display of claim 1 , wherein principal light beams of the diffractively coupled-out light are directed toward a middle of the viewbox.3. The privacy display of claim 1 , wherein the viewbox is a two-dimensional viewbox located in a plane parallel to the light guide surface claim 1 , and wherein the diffraction grating comprises a plurality of curved diffractive features configured to direct ...

Arrays of integrated analytical devices

Arrays of integrated analytical devices and their methods for production are provided. The arrays are useful in the analysis of highly multiplexed optical reactions in large numbers at high densities, including biochemical reactions, such as nucleic acid sequencing reactions. The devices allow the highly sensitive discrimination of optical signals using features such as spectra, amplitude, and time resolution, or combinations thereof. The devices include an integrated diffractive beam shaping element that provides for the spatial separation of light emitted from the optical reactions.

Light projecting method and device

A waveguide comprises a first surface and a second surface. The first surface comprises a first plurality of grating structures. The first surface other than the first plurality of grating structures comprises a first reflective layer. The second surface comprises a second reflective layer. The waveguide is configured to guide an in-coupled light beam to undergo reflections between the first reflective layer and the second reflective layer. The first plurality of grating structures are configured to disrupt the reflections to cause at least a portion of the in-coupled light beam to couple out of the waveguide and project from the first surface, the portion of the in-coupled light beam coupled out of the waveguide forming out-coupled light beams.

Optical module comprising lens assembly

In one example, an apparatus comprises: a lens assembly comprising one or more polymer layers, each layer including a lens portion and an extension portion and an image sensor positioned below the lens assembly and bonded to the lens assembly via a bonding layer and configured to sense light that passes through the lens portion of the one or more polymer layers.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPTIMALLY FORMING GRATINGS OF DIFFRACTED OPTICAL ELEMENTS

Optical grating components and methods of forming are provided. In some embodiments, a method includes providing an optically transparent substrate, and forming an optical grating layer on the substrate. The method includes forming an optical grating in the optical grating layer, wherein the optical grating comprises a plurality of angled components, disposed at a non-zero angle of inclination with respect to a perpendicular to a plane of the substrate. A first sidewall of the optical grating may have a first angle, and a second sidewall of the grating has a second angle different than the first angle. Modifying process parameters, including selectivity and beam angle spread, has an effect of changing a shape or dimension of the plurality of angled components. 1. A method of forming an optical grating component , comprising:providing an optical grating layer atop a substrate;providing a patterned hardmask atop the optical grating layer; andetching the optical grating layer and the hardmask to form an optical grating in the optical grating layer, wherein the optical grating comprises a plurality of angled components disposed at a non-zero angle of inclination with respect to a perpendicular to a plane of the substrate, and wherein the etching results in a width of the patterned hardmask being reduced faster than a height to form first and second sidewalls of the optical grating having different angles.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the optical grating comprises etching into the optical grating layer.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the etching comprises an angled reactive ion etch.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the angled reactive ion etch is performed by a ribbon reactive ion beam claim 3 , wherein the substrate is scanned along a scan direction with respect to the ribbon reactive ion beam using a processing recipe claim 3 , and wherein the ribbon reactive ion beam has a beam angle mean and a beam spread claim 3 , the beam spread being one of: ...

OPTICAL APPARATUS

An optical apparatus including a substrate, a light-emitting module, a transparent optical element and a connecting unit is provided. The light-emitting module is disposed over the substrate and is electrically connected with the substrate. The transparent optical element is disposed over the light-emitting module. The transparent optical element includes a transparent substrate and an optical element. The optical element is disposed on the transparent substrate. The optical element and the transparent substrate are integrally formed and made of a same material. The connecting unit is disposed beside the light-emitting module and is used for connecting the transparent optical element to the substrate. 1. An optical apparatus , comprising:a substrate;a light-emitting module disposed over the substrate and electrically connected with the substrate; a transparent substrate; and', 'an optical element disposed on the transparent substrate, wherein the optical element and the transparent substrate are integrally formed and made of a same material, and a material of the transparent optical element comprises a crystal material; and, 'a transparent optical element disposed over the light-emitting module, wherein the transparent optical element comprisesa connecting unit disposed beside the light-emitting module and used for connecting the transparent optical element to the substrate.2. The optical apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the crystal material comprises sapphire or spinel.3. The optical apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the optical element is disposed on at least one of a first surface of the transparent substrate and a second surface of the transparent substrate opposite to the first surface.4. The optical apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the transparent optical element comprises a diffractive optical element or a lens array.5. The optical apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the connecting unit surrounds the light-emitting module and ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR LENSLESS IMAGE ACQUISITION

Image-sensing devices include odd-symmetry gratings that cast interference patterns over a photodetector array. Grating features offer considerable insensitivity to the wavelength of incident light, and also to the manufactured distance between the grating and the photodetector array. Photographs and other image information can be extracted from interference patterns captured by the photodetector array. Efficient extraction algorithms based on Fourier deconvolution introduce barrel distortion, which can be removed by resampling using correction functions. The sensing devices can be made to minimize distortion that results from efficient extraction algorithms based on Fourier deconvolution. 17-. (canceled)8. A system for imaging a scene , the system comprising:a photodetector array;a phase grating overlying the photodetector array, the phase grating to produce a diffraction pattern from the scene;memory to store a deconvolution function corresponding to a point-spread function of the phase grating;a sensor array to capture a digital sample of the diffraction pattern; and deconvolve the digital sample of the diffraction pattern with the point-spread function to obtain distorted image data; and', 'resample the distorted image data to obtain a reduced-distortion image of the scene., 'a processor coupled to the sensor array and the memory, the processor to9. (canceled)10. The system of claim 8 , wherein the processor applies a correction function to resample the distorted image data.11. The system of claim 8 , the memory storing a look-up table claim 8 , the processor to resample the distorted image with reference to the look-up table.12. The system of claim 8 , wherein the processor claim 8 , in resampling the distorted image data claim 8 , interpolates between neighboring values in the distorted image data.14. The system of claim 8 , wherein the array has an array area claim 8 , the system further comprising an aperture having an aperture area less than the array area. ...

Endoscope Having Depth Determination

An endoscope for determining the depth of a partial area of a cavity by a triangulation analysis may include a projection channel for projecting a pattern onto a surface of the cavity and an imaging channel provided for imaging an image of the projected pattern reflected by the surface of the cavity. The projection channel may have at least one diffractive optical element for producing the pattern, a collimator, and a focusing lens. The focusing lens may be arranged between the collimator and the diffractive optical element. 1. An endoscope for determining the depth of a portion of a cavity by a triangulation calculation , the endoscope comprising:at least one projection channel that projects a pattern onto a surface of the cavity, andat least one imaging channel that images an image of the projected pattern reflected by the surface of the cavity, at least one diffractive optical element that generates the pattern,', 'a collimator, and', 'a focusing lens, and, 'wherein the projection channel compriseswherein the focusing lens is arranged between the collimator and the diffractive optical element.2. The endoscope of claim 1 , wherein the diffractive optical element claim 1 , the collimator claim 1 , and the focusing lens are arranged in a portion of the projection channel claim 1 , wherein the portion has an axial extent of at most 5 mm along a direction of an optical axis.3. The endoscope of wherein the collimator claim 1 , the focusing lens claim 1 , and the diffractive optical element are arranged in the projection channel in coaxial fashion with respect to an optical axis.4. The endoscope of claim 1 , wherein a cross-sectional area of the imaging channel is greater than a cross-sectional area of the projection channel.5. The endoscope of claim 4 , wherein the cross-sectional area of the projection channel is less than or equal to 2 mm.6. The endoscope of claim 4 , wherein the cross-sectional area of the imaging channel is greater than or equal to 2 mm.7. The ...

LASER PROCESSING METHOD AND LASER PROCESSING DEVICE AND SEALED TYPE BATTERY

Provided is a laser processing method including overlapping a plurality of plate-shaped members that include a first plate-shaped member disposed on one end side of an overlapping direction and a second plate-shaped member disposed on the other end side of the overlapping direction; branching a laser beam into a first branched laser beam and a second branched laser beam; irradiating the first plate-shaped member with the first branched laser beam and the second branched laser beam in a state where the first branched laser beam and the second branched laser beam are emitted in parallel; forming line-shaped melting portions on the first plate-shaped member by moving the branched laser beams in a direction intersecting a direction in which the branched laser beams are aligned; and joining overlapped plate-shaped members in a state where the melting portion formed by using the first branched laser beam and the melting portion formed by using the second branched laser beam are connected to each other in the second plate-shaped member and the melting portions do not penetrate the second plate-shaped member. 1. A laser processing method comprising:overlapping a plurality of plate-shaped members that include a first plate-shaped member disposed on one end side of an overlapping direction and a second plate-shaped member disposed on the other end side of the overlapping direction;branching a laser beam into a first branched laser beam and a second branched laser beam;irradiating the first plate-shaped member with the first branched laser beam and the second branched laser beam in a state where the first branched laser beam and the second branched laser beam are emitted in parallel;forming line-shaped melting portions along a surface of the first plate-shaped member by relatively moving the first branched laser beam and the second branched laser beam with respect to the first plate-shaped member in a direction intersecting a direction in which the first branched laser beam ...

Overlapping pattern projector

An optoelectronic device includes a semiconductor substrate, an array of optical emitters arranged on the substrate in a two-dimensional pattern, a projection lens and a diffractive optical element (DOE). The projection lens is mounted on the semiconductor substrate and is configured to collect and focus light emitted by the optical emitters so as to project optical beams containing a light pattern corresponding to the two-dimensional pattern of the optical emitters on the substrate. The DOE is mounted on the substrate and is configured to produce and project multiple overlapping replicas of the pattern.

THREE-DIMENSIONAL (3D) ELECTRONIC DISPLAY

Three-dimensional (3D) electronic displays provide different 3D views and employ one or both of an array of multibeam diffraction gratings arranged in offset rows and light valves having color filters. The displays include a plate light guide configured to guide light beams at a non-zero propagation angle, a multibeam diffraction grating configured to couple out a portion of the guided light beams as a plurality of light beams having different principal angular directions representing the different 3D views, and light valves configured to modulate the differently directed, coupled-out light beams. The multibeam diffraction grating may be a member of the array arranged in offset rows and the display may further include light valves having color filters. Alternately, the light valves include color filters and the display may further include the array of multibeam diffraction gratings arranged in offset rows. 19-. (canceled)10. A three-dimensional (3D) color electronic display , comprising:a plate light guide configured to guide light beams of different colors at different color-dependent propagation angles;a multibeam diffraction grating at a surface of the plate light guide configured to diffractively couple out a portion of the guided light beams of each color as a separate plurality of coupled-out light beams of a respective different color, the coupled-out light beams of the respective different color separate pluralities having different principal angular directions representing different views of the 3D color electronic display; anda plurality of light valves configured to modulate the coupled-out light beams of the respective different color separate pluralities, the light valves of the light valve plurality having color filters corresponding to the respective different colors of the coupled-out light beams.11. The 3D color electronic display of claim 10 , wherein the principal angular directions of the coupled-out light beams is a function of the color- ...

Imaging apparatus and imaging method

An imaging apparatus includes an illumination light source to output an illumination light, an illumination optical system to transmit the illumination light toward a sample, an imaging optical system to transmit light reflected from the sample, a stage to move the sample in a predetermined transfer direction, and a photographing unit to receive the reflected light. The imaging apparatus may include one or more diffraction grids located at conjugate focal planes of the sample. The operation of the photographing unit may be synchronized with a movement of the sample by the stage to obtain an image in accordance with a time delay integration method.

ELECTROMAGNETIC BEAM STEERING ANTENNA

Described embodiments include an electromagnetic beam steering apparatus. The apparatus includes a first blazed transmission diffraction grating component configured to angularly deflect an electromagnetic beam at a first blaze angle. The apparatus includes a second blazed transmission diffraction grating component configured to angularly deflect an electromagnetic beam at a second blaze angle. The apparatus includes an electromagnetic beam steering structure configured to independently rotate the first blazed transmission diffraction grating component and the second blazed transmission diffraction grating component about a coaxial axis such that an electromagnetic beam incident on the first blazed transmission diffraction grating component exits the second blazed transmission diffraction grating component as a steered electromagnetic beam. 1. An electromagnetic beam steering apparatus comprising:a first blazed transmission diffraction grating component configured to angularly deflect an electromagnetic beam at a first blaze angle;a second blazed transmission diffraction grating component configured to angularly deflect an electromagnetic beam at a second blaze angle; andan electromagnetic beam steering structure configured to independently rotate the first blazed transmission diffraction grating component and the second blazed transmission diffraction grating component about a coaxial axis such that an electromagnetic beam incident on the first blazed transmission diffraction grating component exits the second blazed transmission diffraction grating component as a steered electromagnetic beam,wherein the first blazed transmission diffraction grating component includes a first blazed transmission diffraction grating formed by an artificially structured effective media producing a periodically varying refractive index deflecting an electromagnetic beam at the first blaze angle.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the electromagnetic beam includes a radiofrequency ...

SUBSTRATE-FORMED METASURFACE DEVICES

A method of fabricating an optical device and the associated optical device are disclosed. The optical device includes a metasurface and a substrate that are integrally formed by the same materials. The method comprises: forming a photoresist mask on a substrate, the photoresist mask defining a metasurface pattern based on an optical profile of a target optical device; generating metasurface features on the substrate, by etching away a portion of the substrate that is not covered by the photoresist mask; and producing the target optical device having the metasurface features, by removing the photoresist mask, wherein the metasurface features include a portion of a material of the substrate. 1. A method of fabricating an optical device , comprising:forming a photoresist mask on a substrate, the photoresist mask defining a metasurface pattern based on an optical profile of a target optical device;generating metasurface features on the substrate, by etching away a portion of the substrate that is not covered by the photoresist mask; andproducing the target optical device having the metasurface features, by removing the photoresist mask, wherein the metasurface features include a portion of a material of the substrate.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metasurface features define the optical profile that adjusts phases claim 1 , amplitudes claim 1 , or polarizations of light beams propagating through the metasurface features.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forming the photoresist mask comprises:depositing a layer of photoresist on the substrate; andtransferring the metasurface pattern to the layer of photoresist though a lithography process.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the removing the photoresist mask comprises:removing the layer of photoresist.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the layer of photoresist comprises an adhesion layer or an antireflection layer.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forming the photoresist mask comprises:depositing a layer ...

Light redirecting film

A light redirecting film in a sandwich-laminated structure is provided. The light redirecting film comprises a first layer, a second layer; and an intermediate layer sandwiched between the first layer and the second layer. The intermediate layer includes a first grating surface having a plurality of first gratings extending in a first grating direction and a second grating surface opposite to the first grating surface having a plurality of second gratings extending in a second grating direction, wherein the first grating direction and the second grating direction cross each other at an angle of 90°±10°, and the first grating surface and the second grating surface of the intermediate layer are gap-filled and planarized with the first layer and the second layer respectively to generate the light redirecting film.

OPTICAL IMAGE CAPTURING SYSTEM

An optical image capturing system includes, along the optical axis in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, and a fifth lens. At least one lens among the first to the fifth lenses has positive refractive force. The fifth lens can have negative refractive force. The lenses in the optical image capturing system which have refractive power include the first to the fifth lenses. The optical image capturing system can increase aperture value and improve the imaging quality for use in compact cameras. 1. An optical image capturing system , in order along an optical axis from an object side to an image side , comprising:a first lens having refractive power;a second lens having refractive power;a third lens having refractive power,a fourth lens having refractive power,a fifth lens having refractive power;a first image plane, which is an image plane specifically for visible light and perpendicular to the optical axis; a through-focus modulation transfer rate (value of MTF) at a first spatial frequency having a maximum value at central field of view of the first image plane; anda second image plane, which is an image plane specifically for infrared light and perpendicular to the optical axis; the through-focus modulation transfer rate (value of MTF) at the first spatial frequency having a maximum value at central of field of view of the second image plane;wherein the optical image capturing system consists of the five lenses with refractive power, at least one lens among the first to the fifth lenses has positive refractive power; each lens among the first lens to the fifth lens has an object-side surface, which faces the object side, and an image-side surface, which faces the image side; [{'br': None, 'i': 'f/HEP≤', '1.0≤10.0;'}, {'br': None, 'i': 'HAF≤', '0 deg<150 deg;'}, {'br': None, 'i': '≤SETP/STP', '0.2<1;'}, {'br': None, 'i': 'FS|≤', '|60 μm; and'}, {'br': None, 'i': 'HOS/HOI≤', '1≤15;'}], 'wherein the ...

Systems, devices, and methods for embedding a diffractive element in an eyeglass lens

Systems, devices, and methods for embedding a diffractive element in an eyeglass lens are described. A method of embedding a diffractive element in an eyeglass lens includes applying a protective layer to a diffractive element, applying an interface layer to the protective layer, and applying a lens layer to the interface layer. The interface layer and the lens layer are each comprised of a resin material that hardens when cured. The interface layer is of a shape and thickness that adheres well to the protective layer after the interface layer is cured. The lens layer is of a shape and thickness that achieves the desired component shape of the lens after the lens layer is cured.

SYSTEMS, DEVICES, AND METHODS FOR EMBEDDING A DIFFRACTIVE ELEMENT IN AN EYEGLASS LENS

Systems, devices, and methods for embedding a diffractive element in an eyeglass lens are described. A method of embedding a diffractive element in an eyeglass lens includes applying a protective layer to a diffractive element, applying an interface layer to the protective layer, and applying a lens layer to the interface layer. The interface layer and the lens layer are each comprised of a resin material that hardens when cured. The interface layer is of a shape and thickness that adheres well to the protective layer after the interface layer is cured. The lens layer is of a shape and thickness that achieves the desired component shape of the lens after the lens layer is cured. 1. An eyeglass lens for use in a wearable heads-up display , the eyeglass lens comprising:a diffractive element having a world-side and an eye-side;a world-side protective layer physically coupled to the world-side of the diffractive element;an eye-side protective layer physically coupled to the eye-side of the diffractive element;a first world-side resin layer physically coupled to the world-side protective layer, the first world-side resin layer having a world-side and an eye-side;a second world-side resin layer physically coupled to the world-side of the first world-side resin layer;a first eye-side resin layer physically coupled to the eye-side protective layer, the first eye-side resin layer having a world-side and an eye-side; anda second eye-side resin layer physically coupled to the eye-side of the first eye-side resin layer.2. The eyeglass lens of wherein the world-side protective layer includes a world-side surface and an eye-side surface claim 1 , and wherein the world-side surface of the world-side protective layer has a higher surface energy than the eye-side surface of the world-side protective layer.3. The eyeglass lens of wherein the eye-side protective layer includes an eye-side surface and a world-side surface claim 1 , and wherein the eye-side surface of the eye-side ...