Systems and methods for carbon dioxide capture in low emission combined turbine systems

Systems, methods, and apparatus are provided for generating power in combined low emission turbine systems and capturing and recovering carbon dioxide from the exhaust. In one or more embodiments, the exhaust from multiple turbine systems is combined, cooled, compressed, and separated to yield a carbon dioxide-containing effluent stream and a nitrogen-containing product stream. Portions of the recycled exhaust streams and the product streams may be used as diluents to regulate combustion in each combustor of the turbine systems.

Stoichiometric combustion with exhaust gas recirculation and direct contact cooler

Methods and systems for low emission power generation in hydrocarbon recovery processes are provided. One system includes a gas turbine system configured to stoichiometrically combust a compressed oxidant and a fuel in the presence of a compressed recycle exhaust gas and expand the discharge in an expander to generate a gaseous exhaust stream and drive a main compressor. A boost compressor can receive and increase the pressure of the gaseous exhaust stream and inject it into an evaporative cooling tower configured to use an exhaust nitrogen gas having a low relative humidity as an evaporative cooling media. The cooled gaseous exhaust stream is then compressed and recirculated through the system as a diluent to moderate the temperature of the stoichiometric combustion.

Aromatization of Non-Aromatic Hydrocarbon

The invention relates to producing aromatic hydrocarbon by aromatization of non-aromatic hydrocarbon, including feed pretreatment, aromatization of the aromatization feed's Chydrocarbon and C non-aromatic hydrocarbon, and recovery of an aromatic product. The invention also relates to modules for carrying out the pretreatment, aromatization, and recovery, and also modules for auxiliary function such as power generation. 1. A system for producing aromatic hydrocarbon , comprising:{'sup': '3', 'sub': 2', '3+', '2+', '3+', '2, "(a) a an aromatizer configured for (i) receiving a preselected amount ≧1 million standard cubic feet per day [MSCFD] (29,000 NMD) of an aromatization feed, the aromatization feed comprising Chydrocarbon and C non-aromatic hydrocarbon and having a preselected C non-aromatic hydrocarbon concentration in the range of from 15 mole % to 90 mole % per mole of aromatization feed, and (ii) aromatization of (A) at least a portion of the aromatization feed's C non-aromatic hydrocarbon and (B) at least a portion of the aromatization feed's Chydrocarbon to produce a reaction effluent comprising molecular hydrogen, non-aromatic hydrocarbon, and aromatic hydrocarbon; and"}(b) a product recoverer in fluidic communication with the aromatizer, the product recoverer being configured for recovering at least first and second products from the reaction effluent, wherein the first product comprises at least a portion of the reaction effluent's aromatic hydrocarbon and the second product comprises a tail gas containing (i) at least a portion of the reaction effluent's molecular hydrogen and (ii) at least a portion of the reaction effluent's non-aromatic hydrocarbon.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system further comprises a feed pretreater configured for (A) receiving ≧2 MSCFD (57 claim 1 ,000 NMD) of a gaseous feed and (B) producing the aromatization feed from the gaseous feed claim 1 , the gaseous feed comprising 0 mole % to 98 mole % methane claim 1 , 1 mole % ...

Hydrocarbon conversion process

The invention relates to processes for converting a mixture of hydrocarbon and sulfur-containing molecules such as mercaptans into products comprising acetylene, ethylene, and hydrogen sulfide, to processes utilizing the acetylene and ethylene resulting from the conversion, and to equipment useful for such processes.

Liquefied Natural Gas Production System and Method With Greenhouse Gas Removal

Described herein are systems and processes to produce liquefied natural gas (LNG) using liquefied nitrogen (LIN) as the refrigerant. Greenhouse gas contaminants are removed from the LIN using a greenhouse gas removal unit.

Self-Sourced Reservoir Fluid For Enhanced Oil Recovery

Disclosed techniques include a method of obtaining an enhanced oil recovery fluid from a hydrocarbon reservoir, comprising producing a hydrocarbon stream from the hydrocarbon reservoir, separating an associated gas stream from the hydrocarbon stream, and condensing at least a portion of the associated gas stream to obtain an enriched hydrocarbon fluid suitable for injecting into a liquid layer of the hydrocarbon reservoir to enhance recovery of hydrocarbons from the hydrocarbon reservoir. 1. A method of obtaining an enhanced oil recovery fluid from a hydrocarbon reservoir , comprising:producing a hydrocarbon stream from the hydrocarbon reservoir;separating an associated gas stream from the hydrocarbon stream; andcondensing at least a portion of the associated gas stream to obtain an enriched hydrocarbon fluid suitable for injecting into a liquid layer of the hydrocarbon reservoir to enhance recovery of hydrocarbons from the hydrocarbon reservoir.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:separating a methane-rich stream from the associated gas stream, wherein the methane-rich stream comprises substantially methane.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the methane stream is in a gas phase.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein condensing at least a portion of the associated gas stream comprises reducing the temperature of the associated gas stream by between 1° Celsius and 130° Celsius.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the condensing at least a portion of the associated gas stream comprises reducing the temperature of the associated gas stream to a temperature between +50° Celsius and −70° Celsius.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein separating the associated gas stream from the hydrocarbon stream claim 1 , condensing at least a portion of the associated gas stream claim 1 , or both occur at a facility located proximate to the hydrocarbon reservoir.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the condensing step and the separating step occur at substantially the same time.8. A ...

Method and system of controlling a temperature within a melt tray assembly of a distillation tower

A method and system of controlling a temperature within a melt tray assembly of a distillation tower. The method may include determining a melt tray fluid composition of a melt tray fluid, determining a melt tray fluid temperature of the melt tray fluid, determining if the melt tray fluid temperature is within an expected melt tray fluid temperature range for the melt tray fluid composition, decreasing the melt tray fluid temperature if the melt tray fluid temperature is greater than an expected melt tray fluid temperature range upper limit, increasing the melt tray fluid temperature if the melt tray fluid temperature is less than an expected melt tray fluid temperature range lower limit, and maintaining the melt tray fluid temperature if the melt tray fluid temperature is within the expected melt tray fluid temperature range.

Treatment Plant for Hydrocarbon Gas Having Variable Contaminant Levels

A method of designing, constructing, and operating a hydrocarbon gas treatment plant is disclosed. A target hydrocarbon production range for a hydrocarbon gas meeting a required product specification is established. A cryogenic distillation column is designed and constructed with a vapor capacity to meet the target hydrocarbon production range. A variable feed refrigeration system is incorporated to cool an inlet feed of the hydrocarbon gas. The variable feed refrigeration system is designed to handle the target hydrocarbon production range and a wide range of contaminant concentrations in the inlet feed. A variable bottoms heating system is incorporated to handle heating duties associated with the wide range of contaminant concentrations in the inlet feed. A variable bottoms pumping system is incorporated to handle liquid flows associated with the wide range of contaminant concentrations in the inlet feed. 1. A method of treating , in a gas treatment plant , a feed gas stream comprising hydrocarbon gas and acid gas , the method comprising:(a) measuring the acid gas concentration in the feed gas stream at a first time to determine a first acid gas fraction;(b) cooling and liquefying at least a first portion of the feed gas stream in a first feed refrigeration unit;(c) separating the liquefied acid gas from the first portion of the feed gas stream to create a first vapor stream having a first composition;(d) separating, primarily by freezing, from the first vapor stream substantially all of the acid gas remaining in the first vapor stream to create a hydrocarbon gas stream;(e) melting the frozen acid gas;(f) removing the melted acid gas and the liquefied acid gas, which together form a bottoms stream;(g) removing the hydrocarbon gas stream; cooling and liquefying at least a first portion of the feed gas stream using the first feed refrigeration unit and cooling and liquefying at least a second portion of the acid gas stream using at least one additional feed ...

Hydrocarbon Conversion Process

The invention relates to processes for converting a mixture of hydrocarbon and sulfur-containing molecules such as mercaptan into products comprising acetylene, ethylene, and hydrogen sulfide, to processes utilizing the acetylene and ethylene resulting from the conversion, and to equipment useful for such processes. 1. A hydrocarbon conversion process , comprising:(a) providing a first mixture comprising ≧90 wt. % of hydrocarbon having a hydrogen content in the range of from 6 wt. % to 25 wt. % and ≧4.0 ppmw mercaptan based on the weight of the first mixture; and{'sup': '3', 'sub': 2', 'x, "(b) pyrolysing the first mixture in a first region under pyrolysis conditions which include exposing the first mixture to a temperature ≧1.20×10° C., to convert at least a portion of the natural gas and ≧90.0 wt. % of the first mixture's mercaptan based on the weight of mercaptan in the first mixture to produce a second mixture, the second mixture comprising ≧1.0 wt. % Cunsaturates, ≦20.0 wt. % CO, wherein x is 1 or 2, ≦1.0 ppmw mercaptan, and ≦1.0 ppmw thiophene based on the weight of the second mixture."}2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first mixture comprises ≧20.0 wt. % methane and ≧10.0 ppmw methyl mercaptan based on the weight of the first mixture; the first mixture being obtained from a natural gas with no intervening mercaptan-removal steps claim 1 , and wherein the second mixture comprises ≦0.05 ppmw methyl mercaptan based on the weight of the second mixture.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first mixture further comprises hydrogen sulfide in an amount in the range of 50.0 ppmw to 5 wt. % based on the weight of the first mixture.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first mixture is exposed to a temperature ≧1.45×10° C. during the pyrolysing.5. The process of any of claim 1 , further comprising (c) separating hydrogen sulfide from the second mixture to produce a third mixture.6. The process of claim 5 , further comprising:(d) combining first and second ...

Increasing Efficiency In An LNG Production System By Pre-Cooling A Natural Gas Feed Stream

Described herein are systems and processes to produce liquefied natural gas (LNG) using liquefied nitrogen (LIN) as the refrigerant. Greenhouse gas contaminants are removed from the LIN using a greenhouse gas removal unit. The LNG is compressed prior to being cooled by the LIN. 1. A liquefied natural gas production system , the system comprising:a natural gas stream from a supply of natural gas;a refrigerant stream from a refrigerant supply;at least one heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant stream and the natural gas stream to at least partially vaporize the refrigerant stream and at least partially condense the natural gas stream;a natural gas compressor that compresses the natural gas stream to a pressure of at least to 135 bara to form a compressed natural gas stream;a natural gas cooler that cools the compressed natural gas stream after being compressed by the natural gas compressor; anda natural gas expander that expands the compressed natural gas to a pressure less than 200 bara, but no greater than the pressure to which the natural gas compressor compresses the natural gas stream, after being cooled by the natural gas cooler;wherein the natural gas expander is connected to the at least one heat exchanger to supply natural gas thereto.2. The liquefied natural gas production system of claim 1 , wherein the natural gas compressor compresses the natural gas stream to a pressure greater than 200 bara.3. The liquefied natural gas production system of claim 1 , wherein the natural gas expander expands the compressed natural gas stream to a pressure less than 135 bara.4. The liquefied natural gas production system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchanger claim 1 , and further comprising a second heat exchanger that cools the natural gas stream prior to the natural gas stream being compressed in the natural gas compressor.5. The liquefied natural gas production system of claim 4 , wherein the ...

Carbonaceous feedstocks for forming carbon allotropes

Methods and systems are provided for forming carbon allotropes. An exemplary method includes treating a carbonaceous compound to form a feedstock that includes at least about 10 mol % oxygen, at least about 10 mol % carbon, and at least about 20 mol % hydrogen. Carbon allotropes are formed from the feedstock in a reactor in a Bosch reaction at a temperature of at least about 500° C. The carbon allotropes are separated from a reactor effluent stream.

Method and device for separating a feed stream using radiation detectors

The present disclosure provides a method for separating a feed stream in a distillation tower. The method may include forming solids in a controlled freeze zone section of the distillation tower; emitting radiation from a first radiation source in the controlled freeze zone section while the controlled freeze zone section forms no solids; detecting radiation emitted by the first radiation source as a first radiation level; detecting radiation emitted by the first radiation source as a second radiation level after detecting the first radiation level; and determining whether the solids adhered to at least one of on and around a first mechanical component included in the controlled freeze zone section based on the first radiation level and the second radiation level.

Hydrocarbon conversion process

The invention relates to processes for converting a mixture of hydrocarbon and sulfur-containing molecules such as mercaptan into products comprising acetylene, ethylene, and hydrogen sulfide, to processes utilizing the acetylene and ethylene resulting from the conversion, and to equipment useful for such processes.

Method and systems for forming carbon nanotubes

Systems and a method for forming carbon nanotubes are described. A method includes forming carbon nanotubes in a reactor, using a Bosch reaction. The carbon nanotubes are separated from a reactor effluent to form a waste gas stream. The feed gas, a dry waste gas stream, or both, are heated with waste heat from the waste gas stream. The waste gas stream is chilled in an ambient temperature heat exchanger to condense water vapor, forming a dry waste gas stream.

Systems and methods for carbon dioxide capture in low emission combined turbine systems

Systems, methods, and apparatus are provided for generating power in combined low emission turbine systems and capturing and recovering carbon dioxide from the exhaust. In one or more embodiments, the exhaust from multiple turbine systems is combined, cooled, compressed, and separated to yield a carbon dioxide-containing effluent stream and a nitrogen-containing product stream. Portions of the recycled exhaust streams and the product streams may be used as diluents to regulate combustion in each combustor of the turbine systems.

Processing exhaust for use in enhanced oil recovery

A method for generating steam for hydrocarbon production is provided. The method includes producing steam using heat from an exhaust stream from a gas turbine system. A water stream is condensed from combustion products in the exhaust stream, and the water stream is used as a make-up water for production of the steam.

Stoichiometric combustion with exhaust gas recirculation and direct contact cooler

Methods and systems for low emission power generation in hydrocarbon recovery processes are provided. One system includes a gas turbine system configured to stoichiometrically combust a compressed oxidant and a fuel in the presence of a compressed recycle exhaust gas and expand the discharge in an expander to generate a gaseous exhaust stream and drive a main compressor. A boost compressor can receive and increase the pressure of the gaseous exhaust stream and inject it into an evaporative cooling tower configured to use an exhaust nitrogen gas having a low relative humidity as an evaporative cooling media. The cooled gaseous exhaust stream is then compressed and recirculated through the system as a diluent to moderate the temperature of the stoichiometric combustion.

Stoichiometric Combustion With Exhaust Gas Recirculation and Direct Contact Cooler

Methods and systems for low emission power generation in hydrocarbon recovery processes are provided. One system includes a gas turbine system configured to stoichiometrically combust a compressed oxidant and a fuel in the presence of a compressed recycle exhaust gas and expand the discharge in an expander to generate a gaseous exhaust stream and drive a main compressor. A boost compressor can receive and increase the pressure of the gaseous exhaust stream and inject it into an evaporative cooling tower configured to use an exhaust nitrogen gas having a low relative humidity as an evaporative cooling media. The cooled gaseous exhaust stream is then compressed and recirculated through the system as a diluent to moderate the temperature of the stoichiometric combustion.

Systems and Methods For Carbon Dioxide Capture In Low Emission Turbine Systems

Systems, methods, and apparatus are provided for generating power in low emission turbine systems and capturing and recovering carbon dioxide from the exhaust. In one or more embodiments, the exhaust is cooled, compressed, and separated to yield a carbon dioxide-containing effluent stream and a nitrogen-containing product stream. 1. A power generation system comprising:a first compressor configured to receive and compress one or more oxidants;a first combustion chamber configured to receive and combust the compressed oxidant and at least one first fuel to generate an exhaust stream;a first expander configured to receive the exhaust stream from the first combustion chamber and generate a gaseous exhaust stream;a heat recovery steam unit configured to receive and cool the gaseous exhaust stream and generate steam;a first cooling unit configured to receive and further cool the gaseous exhaust stream;a second compressor configured to receive and compress the gaseous exhaust stream; and{'sub': '2', 'a separator configured to receive and separate the compressed exhaust stream into a COeffluent stream and a product stream.'}2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a heat exchanger configured to receive the compressed exhaust stream from the second compressor and cool the compressed exhaust stream before directing the compressed exhaust stream to the separator.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the heat exchanger cools the compressed exhaust stream by exchanging heat with the product stream exiting the separator.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the heat recovery unit is a heat recovery steam generator.5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the heat recovery steam generator comprises a duct burner.6. The system of claim 2 , further comprising a combustor configured to receive the compressed exhaust stream from the second compressor and heat the compressed exhaust stream before directing the compressed exhaust stream to the heat exchanger.7. The system of claim 3 , further ...

Systems and Methods For Carbon Dioxide Capture In Low Emission Combined Turbine Systems

Systems, methods, and apparatus are provided for generating power in combined low emission turbine systems and capturing and recovering carbon dioxide from the exhaust. In one or more embodiments, the exhaust from multiple turbine systems is combined, cooled, compressed, and separated to yield a carbon dioxide-containing effluent stream and a nitrogen-containing product stream. Portions of the recycled exhaust streams and the product streams may be used as diluents to regulate combustion in each combustor of the turbine systems. 1. A power generation system comprising:a first compressor configured to receive and compress one or more oxidants to generate a compressed oxidant;a first combustion chamber configured to receive and combust a first portion of the compressed oxidant, at least one first fuel, and a first diluent to generate a first exhaust stream;a first expander configured to receive the first exhaust stream from the first combustion chamber and generate a first gaseous exhaust stream;a second compressor configured to receive and compress a cooled recycle stream to generate a compressed recycle stream;a second combustion chamber configured to receive and combust a second portion of the compressed oxidant, at least one second fuel, and a second diluent to generate a second exhaust stream;a second expander configured to receive the second exhaust stream from the second combustion chamber and generate a second gaseous exhaust stream;a heat recovery steam generator configured to receive and cool the first and second gaseous exhaust streams to generate a combined exhaust stream and steam;a cooling unit configured to receive and cool the combined exhaust stream and generate the cooled recycle stream; anda separator configured to receive and separate a portion of the compressed recycle stream into a separator effluent stream and a separator product stream.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first diluent comprises at least a portion of the separator product ...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR TREATING FUEL GAS

Methods and systems for treating a compressed gas stream. The compressed gas stream is cooled and liquids are removed therefrom to form a dry gas stream, which is chilled in a first heat exchanger. Liquids are separated therefrom, thereby producing a cold vapor stream and a liquids stream. A first part of the cold vapor stream is expanded to produce a cold two-phase fluid stream, and a second part of the cold vapor stream is cooled to form a cooled reflux stream. Various streams are fed into a separation column to produce a cold fuel gas stream and a low temperature liquids stream. The second part of the cold vapor stream is cooled by the cold fuel gas stream, which becomes a warmed fuel gas stream that is compressed and used with the low-temperature liquids stream to chill the dry gas stream and to cool the compressed gas stream. 1. A method for treating a compressed gas stream , comprising:cooling the compressed gas stream to form a cool compressed gas stream;removing liquids from the cool compressed gas stream to form an overhead vapor stream;dehydrating the overhead vapor stream to form a dry gas stream;chilling the dry gas stream in a first heat exchanger to produce a dry cold fluid stream;separating liquids from the dry cold fluid stream, thereby producing a cold vapor stream and a liquids stream;expanding a first part of the cold vapor stream in a turbo-expander to produce a cold two-phase fluid stream;cooling a second part of the cold vapor stream in a reflux heat exchanger to form a cooled reflux stream;feeding the liquids stream, the cold two-phase fluid stream, and the cooled reflux stream into a separation column to produce a cold fuel gas stream and a low temperature liquids stream;using the cold fuel gas stream to cool the second part of the cold vapor stream in the reflux heat exchanger, the cold fuel gas stream becoming a warmed fuel gas stream;compressing the warmed fuel gas stream in a compressor to form a compressed cold fuel gas stream;using the ...

REMOVING CARBON NANOTUBES FROM A CONTINUOUS REACTOR EFFLUENT

Systems and a method for removing carbon nanotubes from a continuous reactor effluent are provided herein. The method includes flowing the continuous reactor effluent through a separation vessel, separating carbon nanotubes from the continuous reactor effluent in the separation vessel, and generating a stream including gaseous components from the continuous reactor effluent. 1. A system for removing carbon nanotubes from a continuous reactor effluent , comprising a separation vessel configured to:isolate the carbon nanotubes from the continuous reactor effluent; andgenerate a stream comprising gaseous components from the continuous reactor effluent.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the separation vessel is configured to:isolate catalyst particles from the continuous reactor effluent; andreturn the catalyst particles to a reactor.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the reactor comprises a fluidized bed reactor that is configured to accept the catalyst particles from the separation vessel.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the stream comprises residual carbon nanotubes.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the separation vessel comprises a gravity separation vessel.6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the gravity separation vessel comprises a cyclonic separator.7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the cyclonic separator comprises a single cyclone.8. The system of claim 6 , wherein the cyclonic separator comprises multiple cyclones.9. The system of claim 5 , wherein the gravity separation vessel comprises a drift separator.10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the separation vessel comprises an electrostatic separation unit configured to impose an electric field.11. The system of claim 1 , wherein the separation vessel comprises a magnetic separation vessel.12. The system of claim 1 , wherein the separation vessel comprises a filter.13. The system of claim 12 , wherein the filter comprises a sintered ceramic filter claim 12 , a sintered metal filter claim 12 , a fabric bag ...

Apparatus and System for Swing Adsorption Processes Related Thereto

Provided are apparatus and systems for performing a swing adsorption process. This swing adsorption process may involve passing an input feed stream through two swing adsorption systems as a purge stream to remove contaminants, such as water, from the respective adsorbent bed units. The wet purge product stream is passed to a solvent based gas treating system, which forms a wet hydrocarbon rich stream and a wet acid gas stream. Then, the wet hydrocarbon rich stream and the wet acid gas stream are passed through one of the respective swing adsorption systems to remove some of the moisture from the respective wet streams. 1. A cyclical swing adsorption process for removing contaminants from a feed stream , the process comprising:a) performing one or more adsorption steps, wherein each of the adsorption steps comprises passing a feed stream from a solvent based gas treating system through a swing adsorption system to remove one or more contaminants from the feed stream and to form a product stream;b) performing one or more purge steps, wherein each of the purge steps comprises passing a purge stream through the swing adsorption system in a counter flow direction relative to the flow of the feed stream to form a purge product stream, wherein the purge product stream is passed to the solvent based gas treating system; andc) repeating the steps a) to b) for at least one additional cycle.2. The cyclical swing adsorption process of claim 1 , wherein the solvent based gas treating system separates one or more contaminants from the purge product stream to form a wet hydrocarbon rich stream and a wet acid gas stream.3. The cyclical swing adsorption process of claim 2 , wherein performing one or more adsorption steps comprises passing the wet hydrocarbon rich stream as the feed stream from the solvent based gas treating system through the adsorbent bed unit to remove water from the wet hydrocarbon rich stream and to form a dry wet hydrocarbon rich stream as the product stream.4 ...

Integration of Cold Solvent and Acid Gas Removal

A method of separating impurities from a natural gas stream. CO 2 and H 2 S are separated from the natural gas stream in a membrane separation system, thereby creating a partially-treated gas stream and a permeate gas stream, both of which are at a lower temperature than the natural gas stream. The partially-treated gas stream is contacted with a first lean solvent stream in a first contactor to separate H 2 S from the partially-treated gas stream, thereby producing a first rich solvent stream and a fully-treated gas stream. The permeate gas stream is contacted with a second lean solvent stream in a second contactor to separate H 2 S therefrom to produce a second rich solvent stream and a CO 2 gas stream. H 2 S and CO 2 are removed from the first and second rich solvent streams, thereby producing the first and second lean solvent streams.

Integration of Cold Solvent and Acid Gas Removal

A method of separating impurities from a natural gas stream. The natural gas stream is cooled through heat exchange with one or more process streams to produce a chilled gas stream, which is contacted with a lean solvent stream in a contactor to separate hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) from the chilled gas stream, thereby producing a rich solvent stream and a partially-treated gas stream. Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and H 2 S are separated from the partially-treated gas stream in a membrane separation system, thereby creating a fully-treated gas stream and a permeate gas stream, the permeate gas stream being comprised primarily of H 2 S and CO 2 , and the fully-treated gas stream being comprised primarily of natural gas. The fully-treated gas stream and the permeate gas stream are at a lower temperature than the partially-treated gas stream. The fully-treated gas stream and the permeate gas stream comprise the one or more process streams.

FEEDSTOCKS FOR FORMING CARBON ALLOTROPES

Methods and systems are provided for forming carbon allotropes. An exemplary method includes forming a feedstock that includes at least about 10 mol % oxygen, at least about 10 mol % carbon, and at least about 20 mol % hydrogen. Carbon allotropes are formed from the feedstock in a reactor in a Bosch reaction at a temperature of at least about 500° C., and the carbon allotropes are separated from a reactor effluent stream. 1. A method for forming carbon allotropes , comprising:forming a feedstock comprising at least about 10 mol % oxygen, at least about 10 mol % carbon, and at least about 20 mol % hydrogen;forming carbon allotropes from the feedstock in a reactor in a Bosch reaction at a temperature of at least about 500° C.; andseparating the carbon allotropes from a reactor effluent stream.2. The method of claim 1 , comprising holding the temperature of the reactor to less than about 1000° C. during the Bosch reaction.3. The method of claim 1 , comprising holding the temperature between about 575° C. and 700° C.4. The method of claim 1 , comprising forming a forming a feedstock comprising at least about 20 mol % oxygen claim 1 , at least about 20 mol % carbon claim 1 , and at least about 40 mol % hydrogen.5. The method of claim 1 , comprising forming a forming a feedstock comprising at least about 15 mol % oxygen claim 1 , at least about 15 mol % carbon claim 1 , and at least about 60 mol % hydrogen.6. The method of claim 1 , comprising adding steam to the feedstock.7. The method of claim 1 , comprising forming the feedstock from a mixture comprising carbon dioxide and methane.8. The method of claim 1 , comprising forming the feedstock from a mixture comprising carbon dioxide claim 1 , carbon monoxide claim 1 , hydrogen claim 1 , and methane.9. The method of claim 1 , comprising:analyzing the feedstock to determine the composition; andmodifying the materials to control the ratio between the carbon, the hydrogen, and the oxygen.10. The method of claim 1 , comprising ...

REMOVING CARBON NANOTUBES FROM A WATER SYSTEM

Methods and a system for removing carbon nanotubes from a water stream are provided herein. The system includes a purification vessel, wherein the purification vessel is configured to form a carbon oxide from the carbon nanotubes within the water stream. 1. A method for removing carbon nanotubes from a water stream , comprising flowing the water stream into a purification vessel , wherein the purification vessel is configured to form a carbon oxide from the carbon nanotubes within the water stream.2. The method of claim 1 , comprising using an air sparging process to form the carbon oxide from the carbon nanotubes within the water stream.3. The method of claim 1 , comprising adding a flocculant to the water stream to effect a separation of the carbon nanotubes from the water stream.4. The method of claim 1 , comprising mixing an ozone stream with the water stream to effect a separation of the carbon nanotubes from the water stream.5. The method of claim 1 , comprising using a hydrocyclone to remove the carbon nanotubes from the water stream.6. The method of claim 1 , comprising filtering the carbon nanotubes out of the water stream through a reverse osmosis process.7. The method of claim 1 , comprising forming the carbon oxide from the carbon nanotubes within the water stream through an oxidation process.8. The method of claim 1 , comprising using an underwater burner to produce an underwater flame for degrading the carbon nanotubes.9. The method of claim 1 , comprising using a flame degradation vessel to remove the carbon nanotubes from the water stream through a formation of steam.10. The method of claim 9 , comprising using a heat exchanger to recover at least a portion of the water stream from the steam through a condensation process.11. The method of claim 1 , comprising removing the carbon nanotubes from the water stream through a filtration process.12. The method of claim 1 , comprising obtaining the water stream from a stream coming from a reactor through a ...

Method and System of Controlling A Temperature Within A Melt Tray Assembly Of A Distillation Tower

A method and system of controlling a temperature within a melt tray assembly of a distillation tower. The method may include determining a melt tray fluid composition of a melt tray fluid, determining a melt tray fluid temperature of the melt tray fluid, determining if the melt tray fluid temperature is within an expected melt tray fluid temperature range for the melt tray fluid composition, decreasing the melt tray fluid temperature if the melt tray fluid temperature is greater than an expected melt tray fluid temperature range upper limit, increasing the melt tray fluid temperature if the melt tray fluid temperature is less than an expected melt tray fluid temperature range lower limit, and maintaining the melt tray fluid temperature if the melt tray fluid temperature is within the expected melt tray fluid temperature range. 1. A method of controlling a temperature within a melt tray assembly of a distillation tower , comprising:maintaining a melt tray assembly, within a controlled freeze zone section of a distillation tower that forms a solid and a vapor from a stream that enters the distillation tower, that comprises a melt tray fluid and a melt tray heat exchanging device within the melt tray fluid;providing a phase changing fluid, to the melt tray heat exchanging device, that is configured to be a dual-phase heat transfer fluid;determining a melt tray fluid composition of the melt tray fluid;determining a melt tray fluid pressure of the melt tray fluid;determining a melt tray fluid temperature of the melt tray fluid;determining if the melt tray fluid temperature is within an expected melt tray fluid temperature range for the melt tray fluid composition and pressure, wherein the expected temperature has an expected melt tray fluid temperature range upper limit and an expected melt tray fluid temperature range lower limit;decreasing the melt tray fluid temperature if the melt tray fluid temperature is greater than the expected melt tray fluid temperature range ...

HYDROCARBON CONVERSION PROCESS

The invention relates to processes for converting a mixture of hydrocarbon and sulfur-containing molecules such as mercaptan into products comprising acetylene, ethylene, and hydrogen sulfide, to processes utilizing the acetylene and ethylene resulting from the conversion, and to equipment useful for such processes. 1. A hydrocarbon conversion process , comprising:(a) providing a first mixture comprising ≧0.5 wt. % hydrocarbon and ≧4.0 ppmw mercaptan based on the weight of the first mixture; and{'sup': '3', 'sub': 2', 'x, "(b) exposing a first mixture to a temperature ≧1.20×10° C. in a first region under pyrolysis conditions to convert at least a portion of the hydrocarbon and ≧90.0 wt. % of the first mixture's mercaptan based on the weight of mercaptan in the first mixture to produce a second mixture, the second mixture comprising ≧1.0 wt. % Cunsaturates, ≦20.0 wt. % CO, wherein x is 1 or 2, and ≦1.0 ppmw thiophene based on the weight of the second mixture."}2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first mixture comprises ≧20.0 wt. % methane and ≧10.0 ppmw methyl mercaptan based on the weight of the first mixture; the first mixture being obtained from a natural gas with no intervening mercaptan-removal steps claim 1 , and wherein second mixture comprises ≦0.05 ppmw methyl mercaptan based on the weight of the second mixture.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first mixture further comprises hydrogen sulfide in an amount in the range of 50.0 ppmw to 5 wt. % based on the weight of the first mixture.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first mixture is exposed to a temperature ≧1.45×10° C. during the pyrolysis.5. The process of any of claim 1 , further comprising (c) separating hydrogen sulfide from the second mixture to produce a third mixture.6. The process of claim 5 , further comprising:(d) combining first and second reactants in a second region to produce a fourth mixture, the first and second regions being at least partially coextensive; and (i) the ...

CARBONACEOUS FEEDSTOCKS FOR FORMING CARBON ALLOTROPES

Methods and systems are provided for forming carbon allotropes. An exemplary method includes treating a carbonaceous compound to form a feedstock that includes at least about 10 mol % oxygen, at least about 10 mol % carbon, and at least about 20 mol % hydrogen. Carbon allotropes are formed from the feedstock in a reactor in a Bosch reaction at a temperature of at least about 500° C. The carbon allotropes are separated from a reactor effluent stream. 1. A method for forming carbon allotropes , comprising:treating a carbonaceous compound to form a feedstock comprising at least about 10 mol % oxygen, at least about 10 mol % carbon, and at least about 20 mol % hydrogen;forming carbon allotropes from the feedstock in a reactor in a Bosch reaction at a temperature of at least about 500° C.; andseparating the carbon allotropes from a reactor effluent stream.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein treating the carbonaceous compound comprises flashing a liquid into a gas to form the feedstock.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein treating the carbonaceous compound comprises cracking the carbonaceous compound.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein treating the carbonaceous compound comprises steam reforming the carbonaceous compound.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein treating the carbonaceous compound comprises shredding a material.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein treating the carbonaceous compound comprises treating the carbonaceous compound in a gassifier.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein treating the carbonaceous compound comprises removing compounds comprising elements other than carbon claim 1 , hydrogen claim 1 , and oxygen.8. A system for the production of carbon allotropes claim 1 , comprising:a carbonaceous compound, wherein the carbonaceous compound is treated to form a feedstock comprising at least about 10 mol % oxygen, at least about 10 mol % carbon, and at least about 20 mol % hydrogen;a feed gas heater configured to heat the feedstock with waste heat from a waste gas ...

Methods and Systems for Producing Liquid Hydrocarbons

Systems and a method are provided for producing an aromatic hydrocarbon and generating electricity from a tail gas stream. The method includes feeding a first stream including a raw natural gas into a reactor. The method includes converting the first stream, at least in part, to a second stream including an aromatic hydrocarbon within the reactor. The method includes separating the second stream into a tail gas stream and a liquid aromatic hydrocarbon stream and combusting at least a portion of the tail gas stream to generate electricity. 1. An integrated method for co-producing liquid hydrocarbons and power , comprising:producing a first stream comprising methane and other hydrocarbons;reacting the first stream in a reactor to form a second stream having at least a portion of the methane and other hydrocarbons converted to a higher molecular weight hydrocarbon;separating the second stream into a tail stream that is enriched in methane and a product stream enriched in the higher molecular weight hydrocarbon; andcombusting at least a portion of the tail stream to generate power.2. The method of claim 1 , comprising:producing the first stream from a production system comprising a well-head, a water separation vessel, or a gas/oil separation vessel, or any combinations thereof; andflowing the first stream from the production system to the reactor.3. The method of claim 1 , comprising generating electrical power from the combustion and at least one of:using at least a portion of the electrical power to run the production system; orproviding at least a portion of the electrical power to an electrical grid in local to the production system.4. The method of claim 3 , comprising:condensing a portion of the first stream prior introducing the first stream to the reactor to create a liquid stream and a gas stream, wherein the gas stream comprises methane; andvaporizing the liquid stream;feeding the vaporized liquid stream to the reactor;wherein reacting the first stream ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SEPARATING A FEED STREAM USING RADIATION DETECTORS

The present disclosure provides a method for separating a feed stream in a distillation tower. The method may include forming solids in a controlled freeze zone section of the distillation tower; emitting radiation from a first radiation source in the controlled freeze zone section while the controlled freeze zone section forms no solids; detecting radiation emitted by the first radiation source as a first radiation level; detecting radiation emitted by the first radiation source as a second radiation level after detecting the first radiation level; and determining whether the solids adhered to at least one of on and around a first mechanical component included in the controlled freeze zone section based on the first radiation level and the second radiation level. 1. A method for separating a feed stream in a distillation tower comprising:forming solids in a controlled freeze zone section of the distillation tower;emitting radiation from a first radiation source in the controlled freeze zone section while the controlled freeze zone section forms no solids;detecting radiation emitted by the first radiation source as a first radiation level;detecting radiation emitted by the first radiation source as a second radiation level after detecting the first radiation level; anddetermining whether the solids adhered to at least one of on and around a first mechanical component included in the controlled freeze zone section based on the first radiation level and the second radiation level.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first mechanical component comprises one of: (a) a wall of the controlled freeze zone section and (b) a channel of the controlled freeze zone section.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining whether the solids adhered comprises:using the first radiation level to generate a baseline radiation level in the controlled freeze zone section and comparing the second radiation level to a radiation deviation range, the radiation deviation range dependent on ...

Carbon Dioxide Recovery

The present techniques are directed to a system and method for recovering carbon dioxide (CO). The method includes recovering the COfrom a gas mixture including the COvia a COseparation system. The COseparation system includes a rotating freezer/melter. 1. A method for recovering carbon dioxide (CO) , comprising:{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'claim-text': a rotating freezer/melter having a freezing zone, a melting zone, and a rotor;', {'sub': '2', 'a COseparation device downstream of the freezing zone of the rotating freezer/melter; and'}, {'sub': '2', 'a compressor downstream of the COseparation device;'}], 'receiving, in a COseparation system, a gas mixture from a power plant, wherein the gas mixture comprises CO, and the COseparation system comprisesflowing the gas mixture through the rotor while the rotor is in the freezing zone;{'sub': '2', 'capturing solid COfrom the gas mixture on the rotor while the rotor is in the freezing zone;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'melting the solid COcaptured on the rotor while the rotor is in the melting zone, thereby forming liquid CO;'}{'sub': '2', 'flowing the liquid COthrough the rotor while the rotor is in the melting zone;'}{'sub': '2', 'maintaining the melting zone at a higher pressure than the freezing zone to preserve the melted COin a liquid state as it exits the melting zone;'}{'sub': '2', 'routing the remaining gas mixture out of the freezing zone and into the COseparation device;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'recovering residual COfrom the remaining gas mixture using the COseparation device;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'pressurizing the residual COusing the compressor to produce a pressurized COvapor stream; and'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'using the pressurized COvapor stream to melt the solid COwithin the melting zone of the rotating freezer/melter.'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the melted COexits the melting zone at about 1 claim 1 ,034 kPa and −44° C.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising pumping at least a portion of the melted COto a pressure and ...

Processing Exhaust For Use In Enhanced Oil Recovery

A method for generating steam for hydrocarbon production is provided. The method includes producing steam using heat from an exhaust stream from a gas turbine system. A water stream is condensed from combustion products in the exhaust stream, and the water stream is used as a make-up water for production of the steam.

Carbon Dioxide Recovery

The present techniques are directed to a system and method for recovering carbon dioxide (CO). The method includes recovering the COfrom a gas mixture including the COvia a COseparation system. The COseparation system includes a rotating freezer/melter.

Accumulation and Melt Tray Assembly for a Distillation Tower

The disclosure includes techniques associated with a collector tray assembly for a cryogenic distillation tower disposed below a slurry mix zone and above a lower distillation zone, wherein the collector tray assembly comprises a deck at a lower end of the slurry mix zone, and wherein the deck comprises at least one vapor riser configured to pass the vapor from the lower distillation zone into the slurry mix zone, wherein the vapor riser comprises a substantially vertical heat transfer section configured to pass the vapor substantially upwards through the slurry mix zone, and a vapor outlet section comprising at least one vapor outlet, wherein the vapor outlet section is below the heat transfer section. 1. A cryogenic distillation tower system for separating acid gases from hydrocarbons in a raw gas stream , comprising:a controlled freezing zone configured to separate the raw gas stream into an overhead methane gas stream and a substantially solid material comprised of precipitated carbon dioxide;a lower distillation zone configured to receive a bottoms stream comprising acid gases in liquid phase from the controlled freezing zone, and further configured to pass a vapor separated from the acid gases, wherein the acid gas comprises carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, ethane, propane, butane, hydrogen sulfide, aromatic hydrocarbons, or combinations thereof, in substantially liquid phase;a slurry mix zone below the controlled freezing zone configured to house a liquid bath, and wherein the slurry mix zone is configured to receive the substantially solid material from the controlled freezing zone; and a substantially vertical heat transfer section configured to pass the vapor substantially upwards through the slurry mix zone; and', 'a vapor outlet section comprising at least one vapor outlet, wherein the vapor outlet section is below the heat transfer section., 'at least one vapor riser configured to pass the vapor from the lower distillation zone into the slurry mix zone ...

Hydrocarbon Conversion Process

The invention relates to processes for converting a mixture of hydrocarbon and sulfur-containing molecules such as mercaptan into products comprising acetylene, ethylene, and hydrogen sulfide, to processes utilizing the acetylene and ethylene resulting from the conversion, and to equipment useful for such processes. 1. A hydrocarbon conversion process , comprising:(a) providing a first mixture comprising ≧0.5 wt. % hydrocarbon and ≧4.0 ppmw mercaptan based on the weight of the first mixture; and{'sup': '3', 'sub': 2', 'N, "(b) exposing a first mixture to a temperature ≧1.20×10° C. in a first region under pyrolysis conditions to convert at least a portion of the hydrocarbon and ≧90.0 wt. % of the first mixture's mercaptan based on the weight of mercaptan in the first mixture to produce a second mixture, the second mixture comprising ≧1.0 wt. % Cunsaturates, ≦20.0 wt. % CO, wherein x is 1 or 2, and ≦1.0 ppmw thiophene based on the weight of the second mixture."}2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first mixture comprises ≧20.0 wt. % methane and ≧10.0 ppmw methyl mercaptan based on the weight of the first mixture; the first mixture being obtained from a natural gas with no intervening mercaptan-removal steps claim 1 , and wherein second mixture comprises ≦0.05 ppmw methyl mercaptan based on the weight of the second mixture.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first mixture further comprises hydrogen sulfide in an amount in the range of 50.0 ppmw to 5 wt. % based on the weight of the first mixture.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first mixture is exposed to a temperature ≧1.45×10° C. during the pyrolysis.5. The process of claim 1 , further comprising (c) separating hydrogen sulfide from the second mixture to produce a third mixture.6. The process of claim 5 , further comprising:(d) combining first and second reactants in a second region to produce a fourth mixture, the first and second regions being at least partially coextensive; and (i) the pyrolysis and ...

SEQUESTRATION OF CO2 USING CLATHRATES

Processes for forming and sequestering COclathrates in a marine environment are disclosed. 1. A method of sequestering clathrates , comprising:{'sub': '2', 'forming a COclathrate, and'}{'sub': '2', 'encapsulating the COclathrate within a molecular barrier.'}2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'depositing the encapsulated COclathrate on the ocean floor at a sufficient depth such that the COclathrate will not decompose into liquid or vapor COand water.'}3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the depositing comprises transferring the encapsulated COclathrate to a seagoing vessel; transporting the seagoing vessel to a deposition location; and depositing the encapsulated COclathrate on the ocean floor.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the COclathrate is formed and encapsulated on a seagoing vessel.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the depositing comprises transporting the seagoing vessel to a deposition location; and depositing the encapsulated COclathrate on the ocean floor.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forming further comprises injecting the COclathrate with a hydrate formation promoter.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the hydrate formation promoter is one of acetone claim 6 , propane claim 6 , isobutane claim 6 , cyclopentane claim 6 , carbon tetrachloride claim 6 , bromoform claim 6 , chloroform claim 6 , ethylene dichloride claim 6 , methylene chloride claim 6 , methyl iodide claim 6 , methylene iodide claim 6 , and the tri-halogen compounds of methane and ethane claim 6 , propylene oxide claim 6 , 1 claim 6 ,4-dioxane claim 6 , tetrahydrofuran and HS claim 6 , surfactants (e.g. TBAB—Tetra n-Butyl Ammonium Bromide claim 6 , TBAF—Tetra n-Butyl Ammonium Fluoride claim 6 , TBACl—Tetra n-Butyl Ammonium Chloride) claim 6 , and enzymes (glucoamylase).8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the hydrate formation promoter is one of isobutane claim 7 , tetrahydrofuran claim 7 , and HS.9. The method of claim 6 , further comprising:{'sub': 2 ...

METHOD AND SYSTEMS FOR FORMING CARBON NANOTUBES

Systems and a method for forming carbon nanotubes are described. A method includes forming carbon nanotubes in a reactor, using a Bosch reaction. The carbon nanotubes are separated from a reactor effluent to form a waste gas stream. The feed gas, a dry waste gas stream, or both, are heated with waste heat from the waste gas stream. The waste gas stream is chilled in an ambient temperature heat exchanger to condense water vapor, forming a dry waste gas stream. 1. A system for the production of carbon nanotubes , comprising:a feed gas heater configured to heat a feed gas with waste heat from a waste gas stream;a reactor configured to form carbon nanotubes from the feed gas in a Bosch reaction;a separator configured to separate the carbon nanotubes from a reactor effluent stream forming the waste gas stream; anda water removal system, comprising an ambient temperature heat exchanger and a separator configured to separate a bulk of water from the waste gas stream to form a dry waste gas stream.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the ambient temperature heat exchanger comprises a water chiller.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the ambient temperature heat exchanger comprises an air cooled heat exchanger.4. The system of claim 1 , comprising a package heater configured to heat the feed gas for an initial startup of the system.5. The system of claim 1 , comprising:a compressor configured to increase the pressure of the dry waste gas stream; anda final water removal system configured to remove water from the dry waste gas stream.6. The system of claim 5 , comprising a gas fractionation system configured to separate a methane rich stream and a COrich stream from the dry waste gas stream.7. The system of claim 6 , comprising a mixing system configured to mix the methane rich stream into the feed gas before the feed gas heater.8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the reactor is a fluidized bed reactor using a counter-current flow of feed gas to fluidize a catalyst.9. The system ...

Enhanced Carbon Dioxide Capture in a Combined Cycle Plant

Methods and systems for enhanced carbon dioxide capture in a combined cycle plant are described. A method includes compressing a recycle exhaust gas from a gas turbine system, thereby producing a compressed recycle exhaust gas stream. A purge stream is extracted from the compressed recycle exhaust gas stream. Carbon dioxide is removed from the extracted purge stream using a solid sorbent. 1. A method for enhanced carbon dioxide capture in a combined cycle plant , comprising:compressing a recycle exhaust gas from a gas turbine system, thereby producing a compressed recycle exhaust gas stream;extracting a purge stream from the compressed recycle exhaust gas stream; andremoving carbon dioxide from the extracted purge stream using a solid sorbent.2. The method of claim 1 , comprising using the compressed recycle exhaust gas stream to cool a combustor in the gas turbine system.3. The method of claim 2 , comprising compressing a gaseous fuel for use in the combustor.4. The method of claim 1 , comprising recovering heat energy from the recycle exhaust gas stream to generate steam in a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG).5. The method of claim 4 , comprising using the generated steam to generate power or facilitate oil recovery in a cyclic steam stimulation system claim 4 , or both.6. The method of claim 4 , comprising re-generating the solid sorbent using heat from the HRSG.7. The method of claim 1 , comprising using a residual stream of the compressed recycle exhaust gas stream as a diluent in a combustor of the gas turbine system or a coolant for at least a portion of an expander of the gas turbine system claim 1 , or both.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein a volume of the purge stream extracted from the compressed recycle exhaust gas stream is less than half of a volume of the compressed recycle exhaust gas stream.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the recycle exhaust gas is compressed to a pressure level above atmospheric pressure.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein ...

Methods for Producing a Fuel Gas Stream

Methods and systems for dynamically planning a well site are provided herein. Methods include flowing a raw gas stream though a suction scrubber to form a feed gas stream and compressing the feed gas stream to form a compressed gas stream. Methods include cooling the compressed gas stream in a cooler to produce a cooled gas stream. Methods include feeding the cooled gas stream into a gas treatment system, using a turboexpander, to produce a conditioned gas and a waste stream. Methods include heating the conditioned gas in a heat exchanger, where the conditioned gas is a superheated, sweetened, gas. Methods also include burning the conditioned gas in a turbine generator and mixing the waste stream into the raw gas stream upstream of the suction scrubber. 1. A method for producing a fuel gas stream , comprising:flowing a raw gas stream through a suction scrubber to form a feed gas stream;compressing the feed gas stream to form a compressed gas stream;cooling the compressed gas stream in a cooler to produce a cooled gas stream;feeding the cooled gas stream into a gas treatment system, using a turboexpander, to produce a conditioned gas and a waste stream;heating the conditioned gas in a heat exchanger, wherein the conditioned gas is a superheated, sweetened gas;burning the conditioned gas in a turbine generator; andmixing the waste stream into the raw gas stream upstream of the suction scrubber.2. The method of claim 1 , comprising separating condensed liquids from a cooled gas stream to form a flash stream claim 1 , wherein the flash stream is fed into a raw gas stream upstream of a suction scrubber.3. The method of claim 1 , comprising dehydrating a cooled gas stream claim 1 , within a gas treatment system claim 1 , to produce a dry gas stream and a waste water stream claim 1 , wherein the waste water stream is fed into a raw gas stream upstream of a suction scrubber.4. The method of claim 1 , comprising feeding a portion of a cold vapor stream into a regeneration ...

Subwater Heat Exchanger

The present disclosure provides a subwater heat exchanger that includes a duct, first coils, a first impeller and a second impeller. The duct is configured to receive a first fluid. The first coils are inside of the duct and are configured to receive a second fluid that is heated or cooled by the first fluid. The first impeller is inside of the duct that is configured to initiate flow of the first fluid around the first coils. The second impeller is inside of the duct and is substantially in line with the first impeller along a duct lateral axis of the duct. 1. A subwater heat exchanger comprising:a duct configured to receive a first fluid;first coils inside of the duct, the first coils configured to receive a second fluid that is heated or cooled by the first fluid;a first impeller inside of the duct that is configured to initiate flow of the first fluid around the first coils; anda second impeller inside of the duct and substantially in line with the first impeller along a duct lateral axis of the duct.2. The subwater heat exchanger of claim 1 , wherein the duct includes:a first duct portion configured to receive the first fluid;a second duct portion configured to receive the first fluid; anda third duct portion extending from the first duct portion to the second duct portion and having a center width that is one of substantially the same and smaller than a first duct portion width of the first duct portion and a second duct portion width of the second duct portion in a direction that is substantially perpendicular to the duct lateral axis, wherein the first coils are inside of the third duct portion.3. The subwater heat exchanger of claim 2 ,wherein the first impeller is inside of at least one of the first duct portion and the third duct portion, andwherein the second impeller is inside of at least one of the second duct portion and the third duct portion.4. The subwater heat exchanger of claim 2 , wherein the duct further includes:a first duct end and a second ...

Reducing Refrigeration and Dehydration Load for a Feed Stream Entering a Cryogenic Distillation Process

A system for conditioning a sour gas feed stream for a cryogenic distillation tower, comprising a dehydration unit configured to separate the sour gas feed stream into a first stream comprising water and a feed stream, and a sequential cooling assembly coupled to both the dehydration unit and the cryogenic distillation tower, wherein the sequential cooling assembly comprises a first stage configured to separate the feed stream into a partially cooled feed stream and a second stream comprising acid gas, a second stage configured to cool the partially cooled feed stream into a cooled feed stream and a third stream comprising acid gas, and a cooled feed stream header coupled to a cryogenic distillation tower feed inlet, wherein the first stage, the second stage, or both are configured to send at least one of the second and third streams to a bottom section of the cryogenic distillation tower. 1. A system for conditioning a sour gas feed stream for a cryogenic distillation tower , comprising:a dehydration unit configured to separate the sour gas feed stream into a first stream comprising water and a feed stream; and a first stage configured to separate the feed stream into a partially cooled feed stream and a second stream comprising acid gas;', 'a second stage configured to cool the partially cooled feed stream into a cooled feed stream and a third stream comprising acid gas; and', 'a cooled feed stream header coupled to a cryogenic distillation tower feed inlet,', 'wherein the first stage, the second stage, or both are configured to send at least one of the second and third streams to a bottom section of the cryogenic distillation tower., 'a sequential cooling assembly coupled to both the dehydration unit and the cryogenic distillation tower, wherein the sequential cooling assembly comprises2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first stage comprises a first separator coupled to a first cryogenic distillation tower bottom section inlet.3. The system of claim 1 , ...

Gas conversion using synthesis gas produced hydrogen for catalyst rejuvenation and hydrocarbon conversion

A gas conversion process in which both hydrocarbons and hydrogen are produced from a synthesis gas feed which comprises a mixture of H 2 and CO, uses hydrogen from a portion of the feed for one or more of (i) hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst rejuvenation and (ii) hydroconversion upgrading of at least a portion of the synthesized hydrocarbons. Hydrogen is produced from a slipstream of the synthesis gas fed into the hydrocarbon synthesis reactor by one or more of (i) physical separation means such as pressure swing adsorption and (ii) chemical means such as a water gas shift reactor. If a shift reactor is used due to insufficient capacity of the synthesis gas generator, physical separation means such as pressure swing adsorption will still be used to separate a pure stream of hydrogen from the shift reactor gas effluent.

Reducing refrigeration and dehydration load for a feed stream entering a cryogenic distillation process

A system for conditioning a sour gas feed stream for a cryogenic distillation tower. A dehydration unit separates the sour gas feed stream into a first stream including water and a feed stream. A sequential cooling assembly is coupled to both the dehydration unit and the cryogenic distillation tower. The sequential cooling assembly includes: a first stage that separates the feed stream into a partially cooled feed stream and a second stream including acid gas; a second stage that cools the partially cooled feed stream into a cooled feed stream and a third stream including acid gas; and a cooled feed stream header coupled to a cryogenic distillation tower feed inlet. The first stage, the second stage, or both send at least one of the second and third streams to a bottom section of the cryogenic distillation tower.

Carbon dioxide recovery

The present techniques are directed to a system and method for recovering carbon dioxide (CO2). The method includes recovering the CO2 from a gas mixture including the CO2 via a CO2 separation system. The CO2 separation system includes a rotating freezer/melter.

Apparatus and system for swing adsorption processes related thereto

Provided are apparatus and systems for performing a swing adsorption process. This swing adsorption process may involve passing an input feed stream through two swing adsorption systems as a purge stream to remove contaminants, such as water, from the respective adsorbent bed units. The wet purge product stream is passed to a solvent based gas treating system, which forms a wet hydrocarbon rich stream and a wet acid gas stream. Then, the wet hydrocarbon rich stream and the wet acid gas stream are passed through one of the respective swing adsorption systems to remove some of the moisture from the respective wet streams.

Apparatus and system for swing adsorption processes related thereto

Provided are apparatus and systems for performing a swing adsorption process. This swing adsorption process may involve passing an input feed stream through two swing adsorption systems as a purge stream to remove contaminants, such as water, from the respective adsorbent bed units. The wet purge product stream is passed to a solvent based gas treating system, which forms a wet hydrocarbon rich stream and a wet acid gas stream. Then, the wet hydrocarbon rich stream and the wet acid gas stream are passed through one of the respective swing adsorption systems to remove some of the moisture from the respective wet streams.

Self-sourced reservoir fluid for enhanced oil recovery

Disclosed techniques include a method of obtaining an enhanced oil recovery fluid from a hydrocarbon reservoir, comprising producing a hydrocarbon stream from the hydrocarbon reservoir, separating an associated gas stream from the hydrocarbon stream, and condensing at least a portion of the associated gas stream to obtain an enriched hydrocarbon fluid suitable for injecting into a liquid layer of the hydrocarbon reservoir to enhance recovery of hydrocarbons from the hydrocarbon reservoir.

Treatment plant for hydrocarbon gas having variable contaminant levels

A method of designing, constructing, and operating a hydrocarbon gas treatment plant is disclosed. A target hydrocarbon production range for a hydrocarbon gas meeting a required product specification is established. A cryogenic distillation column is designed and constructed with a vapor capacity to meet the target hydrocarbon production range. A variable feed refrigeration system is incorporated to cool an inlet feed of the hydrocarbon gas. The variable feed refrigeration system is designed to handle the target hydrocarbon production range and a wide range of contaminant concentrations in the inlet feed. A variable bottoms heating system is incorporated to handle heating duties associated with the wide range of contaminant concentrations in the inlet feed. A variable bottoms pumping system is incorporated to handle liquid flows associated with the wide range of contaminant concentrations in the inlet feed.

Open-sea berth lng import terminal

Methods and systems for receiving liquefied natural gas (LNG) and delivering vaporized natural gas to a pipeline in fluid communication with onshore equipment and methods for importing LNG. In one embodiment, an open-sea berth import terminal includes a platform, which is fixed to the sea floor and includes two or more sets of berthing structures. LNG carriers berth at the open-sea berth import terminal to transfer LNG to a storage vessel moored at one of the berthing structures. LNG vaporization facilities, either on the storage vessel or the platform, vaporize the LNG prior to delivery to the pipeline. The storage vessel may include a barge or another LNG carrier. In other embodiments, the open-sea berth import terminal may have no storage facilities, but two LNG carriers may berth at the berthing structures to concurrently perform offloading operations, with one transferring LNG and the other performing other offloading operations to enhance operations.

Methods and systems for producing liquid hydrocarbons

Systems and a method are provided for producing an aromatic hydrocarbon and generating electricity from a tail gas stream. The method includes feeding a first stream including a raw natural gas into a reactor. The method includes converting the first stream, at least in part, to a second stream including an aromatic hydrocarbon within the reactor. The method includes separating the second stream into a tail gas stream and a liquid aromatic hydrocarbon stream and combusting at least a portion of the tail gas stream to generate electricity.

Stoichiometric combustion with exhaust gas recirculation and direct contact cooler

Increasing efficiency in an lng production system by pre-cooling a natural gas feed stream

Described herein are systems and processes to produce liquefied natural gas (LNG) using liquefied nitrogen (LIN) as the refrigerant. Greenhouse gas contaminants are removed from the LIN using a greenhouse gas removal unit. The LNG is compressed prior to being cooled by the LIN.

Feedstocks for forming carbon allotropes

Methods and systems are provided for forming carbon allotropes. An exemplary method includes forming a feedstock that includes at least about 10 mol % oxygen, at least about 10 mol % carbon, and at least about 20 mol % hydrogen. Carbon allotropes are formed from the feedstock in a reactor in a Bosch reaction at a temperature of at least about 500° C., and the carbon allotropes are separated from a reactor effluent stream.

Self-sourced reservoir fluid for enhanced oil recovery

Disclosed techniques include a method of obtaining an enhanced oil recovery fluid from a hydrocarbon reservoir, comprising producing a hydrocarbon stream (102) from the hydrocarbon reservoir (104), separating an associated gas stream (118) from the hydrocarbon stream (102), and condensing at least a portion of the associated gas stream (118) to obtain an enriched hydrocarbon fluid (124) suitable for injecting into a liquid layer (108) of the hydrocarbon reservoir (104) to enhance recovery of hydrocarbons from the hydrocarbon reservoir.

Cold solvent and sour gas removal integration

UN MÉTODO PARA SEPARAR IMPUREZAS DE UNA CORRIENTE DE GAS NATURAL. EL CO2 Y EL H2S SE SEPARAN DE LA CORRIENTE DE GAS NATURAL EN UN SISTEMA DE SEPARACIÓN DE MEMBRANA, PARA DE ESTA MANERA CREAR UNA CORRIENTE DE GAS PARCIALMENTE TRATADA Y UNA CORRIENTE DE GAS DE PERMEADO, AMBAS DE LAS CUALES ESTÁN A UNA TEMPERATURA MENOR QUE LA CORRIENTE DE GAS NATURAL. LA CORRIENTE DE GAS PARCIALMENTE TRATADA SE PONE EN CONTACTO CON UNA PRIMERA CORRIENTE DE SOLVENTE POBRE EN UN PRIMER APARATO DE CONTACTO PARA SEPARAR EL H2S DE LA CORRIENTE PARCIALMENTE TRATADA, PARA DE ESTA MANERA PRODUCIR UNA PRIMERA CORRIENTE DE SOLVENTE RICO Y UNA CORRIENTE DE GAS COMPLETAMENTE TRATADA. LA CORRIENTE DE GAS DE PERMEADO SE PONE EN CONTACTO CON UNA SEGUNDA CORRIENTE DE SOLVENTE POBRE EN UN SEGUNDO APARATO DE CONTACTO PARA SEPARAR H2S DE LA MISMA PARA PRODUCIR UNA SEGUNDA CORRIENTE DE SOLVENTE RICO Y UNA CORRIENTE DE GAS CO2. EL H2S Y CO2 SE REMUEVEN DE LA PRIMERA Y SEGUNDA CORRIENTES DE SOLVENTE RICO, PARA DE ESTA MANERA PRODUCIR LA PRIMERA Y SEGUNDA CORRIENTES DE SOLVENTE POBRE. A METHOD TO SEPARATE IMPURITIES FROM A NATURAL GAS STREAM. CO2 AND H2S ARE SEPARATED FROM THE NATURAL GAS STREAM IN A MEMBRANE SEPARATION SYSTEM, IN ORDER TO CREATE A PARTIALLY TREATED GAS STREAM AND A PERMEATED GAS STREAM, BOTH OF WHICH ARE AT A TEMPERATURE LESS THAN THE CURRENT OF NATURAL GAS. THE PARTIALLY TREATED GAS CURRENT IS CONTACTED WITH A FIRST POOR SOLVENT CURRENT IN A FIRST CONTACT APPARATUS TO SEPARATE THE H2S FROM THE PARTIALLY TREATED CURRENT, IN ORDER TO PRODUCE A FIRST FIRST CURRENT OF COMPLETELY RICH SOLVENT AND A FIRST CURRENT OF COMPLETELY RICH SOLVENT TREATED. THE PERMEATED GAS STREAM IS CONTACTED WITH A SECOND POOR SOLVENT STREAM IN A SECOND CONTACT APPARATUS TO SEPARATE H2S FROM IT TO PRODUCE A SECOND RICH SOLVENT STREAM AND A CO2 GAS STREAM. H2S AND CO2 ARE REMOVED FROM THE FIRST AND SECOND RICH SOLVENT STREAMS, IN ORDER TO PRODUCE THE FIRST AND SECOND POOR SOLVENT STREAMS.

cold solvent integration and acid gas removal

Um método de separar impurezas de uma corrente de gás natural. CO2 e H2S são separados da corrente de gás natural em um sistema de separação em membrana, criando deste modo uma corrente de gás parcialmente tratado e uma corrente de gás permeado, ambas das quais estão em uma temperatura mais baixa do que a corrente de gás natural. A corrente de gás parcialmente tratado é contatada com uma primeira corrente de solvente magro em um primeiro contator para separar H2S da corrente de gás parcialmente tratado, produzindo deste modo uma primeira corrente de solvente rico e uma corrente de gás totalmente tratado. A corrente de gás permeado é contatada com uma segunda corrente de solvente magro em um segundo contator para separar H2S dela para produzir uma segunda corrente de solvente rico e uma corrente de gás CO2. H2S e CO2 são removidos da primeira e segunda correntes de solvente rico, produzindo deste modo a primeira e segunda correntes de solvente magro. A method of separating impurities from a stream of natural gas. CO2 and H2S are separated from the natural gas stream in a membrane separation system, thereby creating a partially treated gas stream and a permeate gas stream, both of which are at a lower temperature than the natural gas stream . The stream of partially treated gas is contacted with a first stream of lean solvent in a first contactor to separate H2S from the stream of partially treated gas, thereby producing a first stream of rich solvent and a stream of fully treated gas. The permeate gas stream is contacted with a second stream of lean solvent in a second contactor to separate H2S from it to produce a second stream of rich solvent and a stream of CO2 gas. H2S and CO2 are removed from the first and second streams of rich solvent, thereby producing the first and second streams of lean solvent.

Integration of cold solvent and acid gas removal

A method of separating impurities from a natural gas stream. CO2 and H2S are separated from the natural gas stream in a membrane separation system, thereby creating a partially -treated gas stream and a permeate gas stream, both of which are at a lower temperature than the natural gas stream. The partially-treated gas stream is contacted with a first lean solvent stream in a first contactor to separate H2S from the partially -treated gas stream, thereby producing a first rich solvent stream and a fully -treated gas stream. The permeate gas stream is contacted with a second lean solvent stream in a second contactor to separate H2S therefrom to produce a second rich solvent stream and a CO2 gas stream. H2S and CO2 are removed from the first and second rich solvent streams, thereby producing the first and second lean solvent streams.

Stoichiometric combustion with exhaust gas recirculation and direct contact cooler.

Se proporcionan métodos y sistemas para la generación de potencia de baja emisión en procesos de recuperación de hidrocarburos. Un sistema incluye un sistema de turbina de gas configurado para quemar estequiométricamente un oxidante comprimido y un combustible en la presencia de un gas de escape reciclado comprimido y expandir la descarga en un expansor para generar una corriente de escape gaseosa e impulsar un compresor principal. Un compresor de refuerzo puede recibir e incrementar la presión de la corriente de escape gaseosa e inyectarla en una torre de enfriamiento evaporativa configurada para usar un gas nitrógeno de escape que tiene una baja humedad relativa como un medio de enfriamiento evaporativo. La corriente de escape gaseosa enfriada luego se comprime y se recircula a través del sistema como un diluyente para moderar la temperatura de la combustión estequiométrica.

Integration of cold solvent and acid gas removal

Method and apparatus for using residue gas in gas turbines

ABSTRACT A method and apparatus for heating a residue gas prior to dispersal to the atmosphere are provided. A gas turbine engine is modified so as to accept the residue gas as a separate cooling stream in the gas turbine's combustor. The residue gas is used in place of excess compressed air to cool the products of combustion to a temperature suitable for use in the turbine. In this manner the residue gas is heated for dispersal to the atmos-phere. Additionally, the overall thermal efficiency of the gas turbine may be increased.

Method and apparatus for separating carbon dioxide and other acid gases from methane by the use of distillation and a controlled freezing zone

THE INVENTION RELATES TO METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING CARBON DIOXIDE AND OTHER ACID GASES FROM METHANE BY TREATING THE FEEDSTREAM IN AT LEAST ONE DISTILLATION ZONE AND A CONTROLLED FREEZING ZONE. THE FREEZING ZONE PRODUCES A CARBON DIOXIDE SLUSH WHICH IS MELTED AND FED INTO A DISTILLATION SECTION. THE APPARATUS USED TO PRACTICE THE PROCESS IS PREFERABLY IN A SINGLE VESSEL.@@(FIG. 2)

Method and systems for forming carbon nanotubes

Systems and a method for forming carbon nanotubes are described. A method includes forming carbon nanotubes in a reactor, using a Bosch reaction. The carbon nanotubes are separated from a reactor effluent to form a waste gas stream. The feed gas, a dry waste gas stream, or both, are heated with waste heat from the waste gas stream. The waste gas stream is chilled in an ambient temperature heat exchanger to condense water vapor, forming a dry waste gas stream.

Systems and methods for carbon dioxide capture in low emission combined turbine systems

Systems, methods, and apparatus are provided for generating power in combined low emission turbine systems and capturing and recovering carbon dioxide from the exhaust. In one or more embodiments, the exhaust from multiple turbine systems is combined, cooled, compressed, and separated to yield a carbon dioxide-containing effluent stream and a nitrogen-containing product stream. Portions of the recycled exhaust streams and the product streams may be used as diluents to regulate combustion in each combustor of the turbine systems.

Subwater heat exchanger

The present disclosure provides a subwater heat exchanger that includes a duct, first coils, a first impeller and a second impeller. The duct is configured to receive a first fluid. The first coils are inside of the duct and are configured to receive a second fluid that is heated or cooled by the first fluid. The first impeller is inside of the duct that is configured to initiate flow of the first fluid around the first coils. The second impeller is inside of the duct and is substantially in line with the first impeller along a duct lateral axis of the duct.

Method and system of controlling a temperature within a melt tray assembly of a distillation tower

A method and system of controlling a temperature within a melt tray assembly of a distillation tower. The method may include determining a melt tray fluid composition of a melt tray fluid, determining a melt tray fluid temperature of the melt tray fluid, determining if the melt tray fluid temperature is within an expected melt tray fluid temperature range for the melt tray fluid composition, decreasing the melt tray fluid temperature if the melt tray fluid temperature is greater than an expected melt tray fluid temperature range upper limit, increasing the melt tray fluid temperature if the melt tray fluid temperature is less than an expected melt tray fluid temperature range lower limit, and maintaining the melt tray fluid temperature if the melt tray fluid temperature is within the expected melt tray fluid temperature range.

Systems and methods for carbon dioxide capture in low emission turbine systems

Systems, methods, and apparatus are provided for generating power in low emission turbine systems and capturing and recovering carbon dioxide from the exhaust. In one or more embodiments, the exhaust is cooled, compressed, and separated to yield a carbon dioxide-containing effluent stream and a nitrogen-containing product stream.

Self-sourced reservoir fluid for enhanced oil recovery.

Las técnicas descritas incluyen un método para obtener un fluido de recuperación de petróleo mejorada a partir de un yacimiento de hidrocarburo, que comprende producir una corriente de hidrocarburo (102) del yacimiento de hidrocarburo (104), separar una corriente de gas asociada (118) de la corriente de hidrocarburo (102) y condensar por lo menos una porción de la corriente de gas asociada (118) para obtener un fluido de hidrocarburo enriquecido (124) adecuado para la inyección en una capa de líquido (108) del yacimiento de hidrocarburo (104) para mejorar la recuperación de hidrocarburos del yacimiento de hidrocarburo.

Systems and methods for carbon dioxide capture in low emission combined turbine systems

Removing carbon nanotubes from a water system

Methods and a system for removing carbon nanotubes from a water stream are provided herein. The system includes a purification vessel, wherein the purification vessel is configured to form a carbon oxide from the carbon nanotubes within the water stream.

Method and apparatus for separating carbon dioxide and other acid gases from methane by the use of distillation and a controlled freezing zone

ABSTRACT The invention relates to method and apparatus for separating carbon dioxide and other acid gases from methane by treating the feedstream in at least one distillation zone and a controlled freezing zone. The freezing zone produces a carbon dioxide slush which is melted and fed into a distillation section. The apparatus used to practice the process is prefer-ably in a single vessel.

Stoichiometric combustion with exhaust gas recirculation and direct contact cooler

Methods and systems for low emission power generation in hydrocarbon recovery processes are provided. One system includes a gas turbine system configured to stoichiometrically combust a compressed oxidant and a fuel in the presence of a compressed recycle exhaust gas and expand the discharge in an expander to generate a gaseous exhaust stream and drive a main compressor. A boost compressor can receive and increase the pressure of the gaseous exhaust stream and inject it into an evaporative cooling tower configured to use an exhaust nitrogen gas having a low relative humidity as an evaporative cooling media. The cooled gaseous exhaust stream is then compressed and recirculated through the system as a diluent to moderate the temperature of the stoichiometric combustion.

Method and system for producing liquid hydrocarbons.

Se proporcionan sistemas y un método para producir un hidrocarburo aromático y generar electricidad a partir de una corriente de gas de cola. El método incluye alimentar una primera corriente que incluye un gas natural en bruto en un reactor. El método incluye convertir la primera corriente, por lo menos en parte, a una segunda corriente que incluye un hidrocarburo aromático dentro del reactor. El método incluye separar la segunda corriente en una corriente de gas de cola y una corriente de hidrocarburo aromático líquido y quemar por lo menos una porción de la corriente de gas de cola para generar electricidad.

Method and apparatus to start-up controlled freezing zone process and purify the product stream

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for start-up, transformation from start-up to normal operation and normal separation of carbon dioxide and other acid gases from methane using a distillation column with a controlled freezing zone. Normally, the feedstream is treated in at least one distillation zone, a controlled freezing zone, and another acid gas stripping apparatus. The freezing zone produces a carbon dioxide slush which is melted and fed into a distillation section and a methane-enriched stream which is fed to a separate stripping unit. Start-up is accomplished by refluxing the product stream from the separate stripping unit to the distillation column. Transformation is accomplished by separating the methane-enriched stream produced by the freezing zone into a liquid component for refluxing to the column and a vapor component to be fed to the separate stripping unit.

Treatment plant for hydrocarbon gas having variable contaminant levels

A method of designing, constructing, and operating a hydrocarbon gas treatment plant is disclosed. A target hydrocarbon production range for a hydrocarbon gas meeting a required product specification is established. A cryogenic distillation column is designed and constructed with a vapor capacity to meet the target hydrocarbon production range. A variable feed refrigeration system is incorporated to cool an inlet feed of the hydrocarbon gas. The variable feed refrigeration system is designed to handle the target hydrocarbon production range and a wide range of contaminant concentrations in the inlet feed. A variable bottoms heating system is incorporated to handle heating duties associated with the wide range of contaminant concentrations in the inlet feed. A variable bottoms pumping system is incorporated to handle liquid flows associated with the wide range of contaminant concentrations in the inlet feed.

Treatment plant for hydrocarbon gas having variable contaminant levels

A method of designing, constructing, and operating a hydrocarbon gas treatment plant is disclosed. A target hydrocarbon production range for a hydrocarbon gas meeting a required product specification is established. A cryogenic distillation column is designed and constructed with a vapor capacity to meet the target hydrocarbon production range. A variable feed refrigeration system is incorporated to cool an inlet feed of the hydrocarbon gas. The variable feed refrigeration system is designed to handle the target hydrocarbon production range and a wide range of contaminant concentrations in the inlet feed. A variable bottoms heating system is incorporated to handle heating duties associated with the wide range of contaminant concentrations in the inlet feed. A variable bottoms pumping system is incorporated to handle liquid flows associated with the wide range of contaminant concentrations in the inlet feed.

Method and device for separating a feed stream using radiation detectors

The present disclosure provides a method for separating a feed stream in a distillation tower. The method may include forming solids in a controlled freeze zone section of the distillation tower; emitting radiation from a first radiation source in the controlled freeze zone section while the controlled freeze zone section forms no solids; detecting radiation emitted by the first radiation source as a first radiation level; detecting radiation emitted by the first radiation source as a second radiation level after detecting the first radiation level; and determining whether the solids adhered to at least one of on and around a first mechanical component included in the controlled freeze zone section based on the first radiation level and the second radiation level.

Systems and methods for carbon dioxide capture in low emission turbine systems

Systems, methods, and apparatus are provided for generating power in low emission turbine systems and capturing and recovering carbon dioxide from the exhaust. In one or more embodiments, the exhaust is cooled, compressed, and separated to yield a carbon dioxide-containing effluent stream and a nitrogen-containing product stream.

Hydrocarbon conversion process

The invention relates to processes for converting a mixture of hydrocarbon and sulfur- containing molecules such as mercaptan into products comprising acetylene, ethylene, and hydrogen sulfide, to processes utilizing the acetylene and ethylene resulting from the conversion, and to equipment useful for such processes.

Reducing refrigeration and dehydration load for a feed stream entering a cryogenic distillation process

A system for conditioning a sour gas feed stream for a cryogenic distillation tower, comprising a dehydration unit configured to separate the sour gas feed stream into a first stream comprising water and a feed stream, and a sequential cooling assembly coupled to both the dehydration unit and the cryogenic distillation tower, wherein the sequential cooling assembly comprises a first stage configured to separate the feed stream into a partially cooled feed stream and a second stream comprising acid gas, a second stage configured to cool the partially cooled feed stream into a cooled feed stream and a third stream comprising acid gas, and a cooled feed stream header coupled to a cryogenic distillation tower feed inlet, wherein the first stage, the second stage, or both are configured to send at least one of the second and third streams to a bottom section of the cryogenic distillation tower.

Increasing efficiency in an lng production system by pre-cooling a natural gas feed stream

Described herein are systems and processes to produce liquefied natural gas (LNG) using liquefied nitrogen (LIN) as the refrigerant. Greenhouse gas contaminants are removed from the LIN using a greenhouse gas removal unit. The LNG is compressed prior to being cooled by the LIN.

Method and apparatus to start-up a controlled freezing zone process and purify the product stream

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for start-up, transformation from start-up to normal operation and normal separation of carbon dioxide and other acid gases from methane using a distillation column with a controlled freezing zone. Normally, the feedstream is treated in at least one distillation zone, a controlled freezing zone, and another acid gas stripping apparatus. The freezing zone produces a carbon dioxide slush which is melted and fed into a distillation section and a methane-enriched stream which is fed to a separate stripping unit. Start-up is accomplished by refluxing the product stream from the separate stripping unit to the distillation column. Transformation is accomplished by separating the methane-enriched stream produced by the freezing zone into a liquid component for refluxing to the column and a vapor component to be fed to the separate stripping unit.

Integration of cold solvent and acid gas removal

A method of separating impurities from a natural gas stream. CO2 and H2S are separated from the natural gas stream in a membrane separation system, thereby creating a partially -treated gas stream and a permeate gas stream, both of which are at a lower temperature than the natural gas stream. The partially-treated gas stream is contacted with a first lean solvent stream in a first contactor to separate H2S from the partially -treated gas stream, thereby producing a first rich solvent stream and a fully -treated gas stream. The permeate gas stream is contacted with a second lean solvent stream in a second contactor to separate H2S therefrom to produce a second rich solvent stream and a CO2 gas stream. H2S and CO2 are removed from the first and second rich solvent streams, thereby producing the first and second lean solvent streams.

Systems and methods for carbon dioxide capture in low emission turbine systems

Open-sea berth lng import terminal

Methods and systems for receiving liquefied natural gas (LNG) and delivering vaporized natural gas to a pipeline in fluid communication with onshore equipment and methods for importing LNG. In one embodiment, an open-sea berth import terminal includes a platform, which is fixed to the sea floor and includes two or more sets of berthing structures. LNG carriers berth at the open-sea berth import terminal to transfer LNG to a storage vessel moored at one of the berthing structures. LNG vaporization facilities, either on the storage vessel or the platform, vaporize the LNG prior to delivery to the pipeline. The storage vessel may include a barge or another LNG carrier. In other embodiments, the open-sea berth import terminal may have no storage facilities, but two LNG carriers may berth at the berthing structures to concurrently perform offloading operations, with one transferring LNG and the other performing other offloading operations to enhance operations.

Liquefied natural gas production system and method with greenhouse gas removal

Described herein are systems and processes to produce liquefied natural gas (LNG) using liquefied nitrogen (LIN) as the refrigerant. Greenhouse gas contaminants are removed from the LIN using a greenhouse gas removal unit.

Liquefied natural gas production system and method with greenhouse gas removal

Described herein are systems and processes to produce liquefied natural gas (LNG) using liquefied nitrogen (LIN) as the refrigerant. Greenhouse gas contaminants are removed from the LIN using a greenhouse gas removal unit.

Method and systems for forming carbon nanotubes.

Se describen sistemas y un método para la formación de nanotubos de carbono. Un método incluye la formación de nanotubos de carbono en un reactor, con el empleo de una reacción de Bosch. Los nanotubos de carbono son separados de un efluente del reactor para formar una corriente de gas residual. El gas de alimentación, una corriente de gas residual seco, o ambos, se calientan con el calor residual de la corriente de gas residual. La corriente de gas residual se enfría en un intercambiador de calor a temperatura ambiente para condensar el vapor de agua, formando una corriente de gas residual seco.

self-produced reservoir fluid for improved oil recovery

São reveladas técnicas que incluem um método de obtenção de um fluido de recuperação de óleo melhorado a partir de um reservatório de hidrocarboneto que compreende produzir uma corrente de hidrocarboneto a partir do reservatório de hidrocarboneto, separar uma corrente de gás associada da corrente de hidrocarboneto, e condensar pelo menos uma porção da corrente de gás associada para obter um fluido de hidrocarboneto enriquecido adequado para injeção em uma camada de líquido do reservatório de hidrocarboneto para melhorar a recuperação de hidrocarbonetos a partir do reservatório de hidrocarboneto. Techniques are disclosed which include a method of obtaining an improved oil recovery fluid from a hydrocarbon reservoir which comprises producing a hydrocarbon stream from the hydrocarbon reservoir, separating an associated gas stream from the hydrocarbon stream, and condensing at least a portion of the associated gas stream to obtain an enriched hydrocarbon fluid suitable for injection into a liquid layer of the hydrocarbon reservoir to improve the recovery of hydrocarbons from the hydrocarbon reservoir.

Stoichiometric combustion with exhaust gas recirculation and direct contact cooler

Methods and systems for low emission power generation in hydrocarbon recovery processes are provided. One system includes a gas turbine system configured to stoichiometrically combust a compressed oxidant and a fuel in the presence of a compressed recycle exhaust gas and expand the discharge in an expander to generate a gaseous exhaust stream and drive a main compressor. A boost compressor can receive and increase the pressure of the gaseous exhaust stream and inject it into an evaporative cooling tower configured to use an exhaust nitrogen gas having a low relative humidity as an evaporative cooling media. The cooled gaseous exhaust stream is then compressed and recirculated through the system as a diluent to moderate the temperature of the stoichiometric combustion.

Liquefied natural gas production system and method with greenhouse gas removal

Described herein are systems and processes to produce liquefied natural gas (LNG) using liquefied nitrogen (LIN) as the refrigerant. Greenhouse gas contaminants are removed from the LIN using a greenhouse gas removal unit.

Removing carbon nanotubes from a water system

Methods and a system for removing carbon nanotubes from a water stream are provided herein. The system includes a purification vessel, wherein the purification vessel is configured to form a carbon oxide from the carbon nanotubes within the water stream. The method includes flowing the water stream into the purification vessel and injecting a chemical substance in the purification vessel. The carbon nanotubes are separated from the water stream through the interaction of the chemical substance with the carbon nanotubes within the purification vessel.

PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS FOR STARTING A FREEZONE PROCESS AND CLEANING THE PRODUCT STREAM.

Method and system of controlling a temperature within a melt tray assembly of a distillation tower

A method and system of controlling a temperature within a melt tray assembly of a distillation tower. The method may include determining a melt tray fluid composition of a melt tray fluid, determining a melt tray fluid temperature of the melt tray fluid, determining if the melt tray fluid temperature is within an expected melt tray fluid temperature range for the melt tray fluid composition, decreasing the melt tray fluid temperature if the melt tray fluid temperature is greater than an expected melt tray fluid temperature range upper limit, increasing the melt tray fluid temperature if the melt tray fluid temperature is less than an expected melt tray fluid temperature range lower limit, and maintaining the melt tray fluid temperature if the melt tray fluid temperature is within the expected melt tray fluid temperature range.

Integration of cold solvent and acid gas removal

A METHOD OF SEPARATING IMPURITIES FROM A NATURAL GAS STREAM. C02 AND H2S ARE SEPARATED FROM THE NATURAL GAS STREAM IN A MEMBRANE SEPARATION SYSTEM. THEREBY CREATING A PARTIALLY-TREATED GAS STREAM AND A PERMEATE GAS STREAM, BOTH OF WHICH ARE AT A LOWER TEMPERATURE THAN THE NATURAL GAS STREAM. THE PARTIALLY-TREATED GAS STREAM IS CONTACTED WITH A FIRST LEAN SOLVENT STREAM IN A FIRST CONTACTOR TO SEPARATE H2S FROM THE PARTIALLY-TREATED GAS STREAM. THEREBY PRODUCING A FIRST RICH SOLVENT STREAM AND A FULLY-TREATED GAS STREAM. THE PERMEATE GAS STREAM IS CONTACTED WITH A SECOND LEAN SOLVENT STREAM IN A SECOND CONTACTOR TO SEPARATE H2S THEREFROM TO PRODUCE A SECOND RICH SOLVENT STREAM AND A C02 GAS STREAM. H2S AND C02 ARE REMOVED FROM THE FIRST AND SECOND RICH SOLVENT STREAMS, THEREBY PRODUCING THE FIRST AND SECOND LEAN SOLVENT STREAMS.

Método e sistema para separar impurezas de uma corrente de gás natural

Um método de separar impurezas de uma corrente de gás natural. CO2 e H2S são separados da corrente de gás natural em um sistema de separação em membrana, criando deste modo uma corrente de gás parcialmente tratado e uma corrente de gás permeado, ambas das quais estão em uma temperatura mais baixa do que a corrente de gás natural. A corrente de gás parcialmente tratado é contatada com uma primeira corrente de solvente magro em um primeiro contator para separar H2S da corrente de gás parcialmente tratado, produzindo deste modo uma primeira corrente de solvente rico e uma corrente de gás totalmente tratado. A corrente de gás permeado é contatada com uma segunda corrente de solvente magro em um segundo contator para separar H2S dela para produzir uma segunda corrente de solvente rico e uma corrente de gás CO2. H2S e CO2 são removidos da primeira e segunda correntes de solvente rico, produzindo deste modo a primeira e segunda correntes de solvente magro.

Methods for producing a fuel gas stream

Methods and systems for dynamically planning a well site are provided herein. Methods include flowing a raw gas stream though a suction scrubber to form a feed gas stream and compressing the feed gas stream to form a compressed gas stream. Methods include cooling the compressed gas stream in a cooler to produce a cooled gas stream. Methods include feeding the cooled gas stream into a gas treatment system, using a turboexpander, to produce a conditioned gas and a waste stream. Methods include heating the conditioned gas in a heat exchanger, where the conditioned gas is a superheated, sweetened, gas. Methods also include burning the conditioned gas in a turbine generator and mixing the waste stream into the raw gas stream upstream of the suction scrubber.

Hydrocarbon conversion process

The invention relates to processes for converting a mixture of hydrocarbon and sulfur-containing molecules such as mercaptan into products comprising acetylene, ethylene, and hydrogen sulfide, to processes utilizing the acetylene and ethylene resulting from the conversion, and to equipment useful for such processes.