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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Форма поиска

Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 32. Отображено 32.
24-10-1995 дата публикации

Optical system for the projection of patterned light onto the surfaces of three dimensional objects

Номер: US0005461455A1

An image projection system for all surfaces of a three dimensional object such as a polyhedron in which direct and angle reflected image patterns are projected from superpositioned non-overlapping mask patterns mounted on different levels where the separation of the levels is related to the size of the object. The apparatus and process permits simultaneous photolithigraphic printing of conductors on the top and all sides of a cube shaped stack of integrated circuit chips.

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03-09-1996 дата публикации

Presence/absence bar code

Номер: US0005552591A1

A single width bar code exhibiting inherent self clocking characteristics is provided so as to be particularly useful in the identification of semiconductor wafers in very large scale integrated circuit manufacturing processes. The codes described herein are robust, reliable and highly readable even in the face of relatively high variations in scanning speed. The codes are also desirably dense in terms of character representations per linear centimeter, an important consideration in semiconductor manufacturing wherein space on the chips and the wafer is at a premium. Additionally, a preferred embodiment of the present invention exhibits a minimum number for the maximum number of spaces between adjacent bars in code symbol sequences.

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09-05-2000 дата публикации

Two-level semiconductor laser driver

Номер: US0006061372A1
Принадлежит: Polaroid Corporation

Disclosed is a two-level current driver suitable for driving a semiconductor laser for printing applications, the laser driver including a primary power source for producing a first current pulse of amplitude I1 and of duration T2, a secondary power source for producing a second current pulse of amplitude I2 and of duration T1, means for combining the outputs of the power sources, and sensing means for detecting the current pulse output from the primary power source.

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11-06-1996 дата публикации

Back-lighting system for transmissive display

Номер: US0005526146A1

A display assembly includes a display screen having a predetermined generally planar area for displaying transmissive data. A light source is provided for generating light of predetermined intensity, and a circular Fresnel lens is disposed between the light source and the display means, the circular Fresnel lens imaging the light source through the display means and onto an opposite side of the display means. A diffuser is disposed between the light source and the display means for diffusing the light. The intensity of the light source is selected to be appropriate for direct human viewing of the transmissive data.

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27-10-1992 дата публикации

Optical projection system

Номер: US0005159172A1

An optical system having a plurality of substantially planar reflecting surfaces and a plurality of curved reflecting surfaces providing an optical projection system which can scan a mask object onto an image plane by having the mask and copy substrate substantially fixed in position relative to each other and either simultaneously moving the mask and copy substrate in the same direction or maintaining the mask and image plane substantially stationary and fixed with respect to each other while scanning the optical system. The optical system uses one wavelength of an electromagnetic radiation to align the mask to the copy substrate and another wavelength of electromagnetic radiation to form the image of the mask on the copy substrate. The apparatus can be used as a laser ablation optical tool to laser ablate the image of a mask onto the copy substrate, as an inspection tool, as a photolithographic and for other related applications. The projection lens is a modified Dyson type lens.

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04-01-2000 дата публикации

Modular optical print head assembly

Номер: US0006011577A1
Принадлежит: Polaroid Corporation

Disclosed is a laser print head, suitable for use with a recording medium, comprising a print head base comprising a plurality of mounting surfaces, one or more optical radiation source removably affixed to a first base mounting surface, at least one collimating lens, at least one focusing lens affixed to a second base mounting surface, a pre-objective lens affixed to a third base mounting surface; an objective lens, and one or more optional mirror facets.

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11-08-1998 дата публикации

Laser assembly with integral beam-shaping lens

Номер: US0005793792A1
Принадлежит: Polaroid Corporation

A laser assembly is disclosed comprising a heatsink, a laser device attached to a mounting surface of the heatsink, and a beam-shaping lens attached to an oblique surface of the heatsink, the oblique surface intersecting with the mounting surface to form an obtuse dihedral angle. The beam-shaping lens comprises a canted attachment surface which, when placed against the oblique surface, serves to optimally position the lens in relation to the laser device.

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16-07-1996 дата публикации

Secure viewing of display units by image superposition and wavelength separation

Номер: US0005537476A1

Apparatus for masking a displayed image by mixing the image with a secondary image that is electronically generated to be related to the primary image that when combined with the primary image obscures viewing of the primary image. The primary image is generated in the form of a first set of wavelength bands and the secondary image is a second set of related wavelength bands. A filter is provided to absorb the second set of wavelength bands to permit secure viewing of the primary image.

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12-04-1994 дата публикации

Model generation system having closed-loop extrusion nozzle positioning

Номер: US0005303141A1

Apparatus and method for fabricating a three-dimensional object in accordance with a CAD-generated specification of the object. A closed-loop extrusion system (10) includes a nozzle (12) for extruding a material, such as a hot melt adhesive; apparatus (14, 18, 46) for controllably positioning the nozzle in accordance with the specification; and a sensor (60) for generating a feedback signal that is indicative of at least one characteristic of a most recently extruded portion of the material. Visual and non-visual feedback sensors may be employed, including optical sensors, infrared emission sensors, and proximity detection sensors. The specification of the object is converted to a bit-mapped representation thereof to improve accuracy relative to vector-based representations. Methods for determining a need for supporting structures and anti-aliasing features and for integrating the structures and features into the object specification are also disclosed.

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25-03-1997 дата публикации

Secure viewing of display units using an electronic shutter

Номер: US0005614920A1

Apparatus for masking a displayed image by merging it with a second featureless image made of short pulses of light that are introduced into a transparent screen disposed between the display and the viewer. An electronic shutter timed to match the sequence of the masking light pulses separates or blocks the masking image to permit the primary image to be viewed only by the person having the electronic shutter.

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26-04-1994 дата публикации

Confocal method and apparatus for focusing in projection lithography

Номер: US0005306902A1
Автор: Goodman; Douglas S.

A through-the-lens method and system for focusing a projected image onto an imaging surface employs a confocal process and apparatus. Electromagnetic radiation projected through a subresolution aperture of origin located in an object plane passes through a confocal imaging device which forms an image of the aperture in the image plane. The radiation strikes the surface and is reflected back through the confocal imaging device to the aperture. The power of reflected radiation passing through the aperture is detected/measured. The distance between the imaging surface and the imaging device is then adjusted to maximize the detected power.

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07-02-1995 дата публикации

Two-sided mask for patterning of materials with electromagnetic radiation

Номер: US0005387484A1

A mask and a fabrication method therefor that incorporates a patterned radiation blocking layer such as a second patterned high-reflectivity dielectric coating on the back surface of the mask which also includes a first patterned reflective coating on the front. This second high-reflective dielectric coating referred to as a premask, eliminates most of the laser energy directed onto the mask that leads only to substrate heating without effecting the laser energy transmitted through the open area of the mask. The open areas of the premask are sufficiently larger than those in the mask so not to interfere with the illumination geometry (i.e. forms a greater angle than the illumination numerical aperture).

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17-06-1986 дата публикации

Phase retardation element and prism for use in an optical data storage system

Номер: US0004595261A1

A phase retardation element, for use in an optical data storage system, which provides a 90° phase difference between two perpendicular polarized components of an incident wave with a single internal reflection from a surface coated with a thin film of dielectric or metal material.

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08-04-1997 дата публикации

Secure viewing of display units using a wavelength filter

Номер: US0005619219A1

Apparatus for masking a displayed image by merging it with a second featureless image made of a narrow band of wavelengths that is introduced into a transparent screen disposed between the display and the viewer. An absorption filter matched to the wavelength of the masking light separates or blocks the masking image to permit the primary image to be viewed only by the person having the filter.

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18-03-1986 дата публикации

Apparatus for proximity detection of an opaque pattern on a translucent substrate

Номер: US0004577099A1
Автор: Goodman; Douglas S.

The physical separation between a rear illuminated opaque pattern on a translucent substrate and an optical pattern sensing device viewing the shadow image of the opaque pattern is increased without any corresponding loss of resolution (and/or resolution may be increased without any corresponding reduction in the physical separation between the optical pattern sensing device and the opaque pattern) by positioning a narrow spectral band pass interference filter between the opaque pattern and the optical pattern sensing device, and using as the rear illumination, light having a spectrally narrow band which substantially matches the pass band of the interference filter.

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03-08-1999 дата публикации

Monolithic multi-faceted mirror for combining multiple beams from different light sources by reflection

Номер: US0005933278A1
Принадлежит: Polaroid Corporation

A device for redirecting beams of light emitted from different sources includes: a monolithic stationary substrate having alignment surfaces for aligning the device for mounting into a system; multiple facets resident on the substrate including at least two facets having surfaces for redirecting the beams of light emitted from different sources; and facet edges on the substrate demarcating each of the multiple facets from one another, the edges providing outside corners greater than π radians between surfaces of adjacent multiple facets. The surfaces of the multiple facets are preferably surfaces of revolution created by cutting the facet surfaces while the device is rotated about a common axis, for instance, by machining via single diamond point turning.

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18-05-1993 дата публикации

Lens system for focussing light of plural wavelength

Номер: US0005212589A1
Автор: Goodman; Douglas S.

A lens system having discrete variations of focal length at discrete distances of radius outward from the optic axis for focussing light of plural wavelengths. The lens system which directs a laser beam onto a target for ablation or exposure applications includes one set of lens elements to handle short wavelength light used for ablation or exposure applications, and another set of lens elements to handle long wavelength light used for alignment applications. The lens system which provides for the ablation or exposure functions at short wavelength and for through-the-lens alignment at a longer wavelength and higher numerical aperture consists of three elements. Two outer lens elements are made entirely of fused quartz. An inner element disposed between the two outer lens is composed of any material such as optical glass. The inner lens element has a hole ground through its center.

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13-06-2000 дата публикации

Apparatus for coupling radiation beams into an optical waveguide

Номер: US0006075912A1
Автор: Goodman; Douglas S.
Принадлежит: Polaroid Corporation

An optical apparatus is disclosed suitable for coupling discrete sources of radiation beams onto the input end of an optical fiber or a fiber laser, the optical apparatus comprising a unitary beam deflector having a plurality of deflecting facets where each deflecting facet is oriented so as to deflect an incident beam of radiation into the fiber, an input afocal relay optical system to image a beam of radiation onto a corresponding deflecting facet, and an output afocal relay optical system to image the facet beam images onto the optical fiber or laser fiber end.

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28-03-1995 дата публикации

Model generation system having closed-loop extrusion nozzle positioning

Номер: US0005402351A1

Disclosed are methods and apparatus for fabricating a three-dimensional object in accordance with a computer-generated definition of the object that is stored within a memory. A method includes the steps of (a) evaluating the stored definition of the object to locate any un-supported features of the object; in response to locating an un-supported feature, (b) defining a support structure for the un-supported feature; (c) generating a fabrication tool movement list expressive of movements required by a fabrication tool to fabricate the object and any defined support structures; and (d) translating the fabrication tool in accordance with the generated fabrication tool movement list to fabricate the object and any defined support structures. The step of translating includes the steps of, generating a feedback signal that is indicative of at least one characteristic of a most recently fabricated portion of the object; and monitoring the feedback signal to detect a deviation of at least a location ...

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12-04-1994 дата публикации

Model generation system having closed-loop extrusion nozzle positioning

Номер: US5303141A
Принадлежит: International Business Machines Corp

Apparatus and method for fabricating a three-dimensional object in accordance with a CAD-generated specification of the object. A closed-loop extrusion system (10) includes a nozzle (12) for extruding a material, such as a hot melt adhesive; apparatus (14, 18, 46) for controllably positioning the nozzle in accordance with the specification; and a sensor (60) for generating a feedback signal that is indicative of at least one characteristic of a most recently extruded portion of the material. Visual and non-visual feedback sensors may be employed, including optical sensors, infrared emission sensors, and proximity detection sensors. The specification of the object is converted to a bit-mapped representation thereof to improve accuracy relative to vector-based representations. Methods for determining a need for supporting structures and anti-aliasing features and for integrating the structures and features into the object specification are also disclosed.

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13-06-2000 дата публикации

Apparatus for coupling radiation beams into an optical waveguide

Номер: US6075912A
Автор: Douglas S. Goodman
Принадлежит: Polaroid Corp

An optical apparatus is disclosed suitable for coupling discrete sources of radiation beams onto the input end of an optical fiber or a fiber laser, the optical apparatus comprising a unitary beam deflector having a plurality of deflecting facets where each deflecting facet is oriented so as to deflect an incident beam of radiation into the fiber, an input afocal relay optical system to image a beam of radiation onto a corresponding deflecting facet, and an output afocal relay optical system to image the facet beam images onto the optical fiber or laser fiber end.

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27-11-2001 дата публикации

Optical apparatus for producing a high-brightness multi-laser radiation source

Номер: US6324320B1
Автор: Douglas S. Goodman
Принадлежит: Polaroid Corp

An optical apparatus is disclosed suitable for coupling discrete sources of radiation beams onto the input end of an optical fiber or a fiber laser, the optical apparatus comprising a unitary beam deflector having a plurality of deflecting facets where each deflecting facet is oriented so as to deflect an incident beam of radiation into the fiber, an input afocal relay optical system to image a beam of radiation onto a corresponding deflecting facet, and an output afocal relay optical system to image the facet beam images onto the optical fiber or laser fiber end.

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22-04-2003 дата публикации

Radiation beam combiner

Номер: US6552853B2
Автор: Douglas S. Goodman
Принадлежит: Polaroid Corp

An optical apparatus is disclosed suitable for overlapping a plurality of radiation beams at the input end of an optical waveguide device, such as an optical fiber or fiber laser. The optical apparatus includes a plurality of deflecting facets, where each deflecting facet is oriented so as to deflect incident beams of radiation so that the deflected beams emanate from a virtual multi-beam radiation point source. An output relay optical system captures the deflected beams and causes them to overlap at the input end of the optical waveguide device. Input relay optical systems, which may be tiltable plane parallel plates, may be disposed between sources of the radiation beams and be used to redirect the radiation beams so that they emanate from a virtual multi-beam radiation point source. Methods for adjusting components of the optical apparatus to fine-tune the positions and directions of the radiation beams for more precise overlapping are also disclosed.

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18-05-1993 дата публикации

Lens system for focussing light of plural wavelength

Номер: US5212589A
Автор: Douglas S. Goodman
Принадлежит: International Business Machines Corp

A lens system having discrete variations of focal length at discrete distances of radius outward from the optic axis for focussing light of plural wavelengths. The lens system which directs a laser beam onto a target for ablation or exposure applications includes one set of lens elements to handle short wavelength light used for ablation or exposure applications, and another set of lens elements to handle long wavelength light used for alignment applications. The lens system which provides for the ablation or exposure functions at short wavelength and for through-the-lens alignment at a longer wavelength and higher numerical aperture consists of three elements. Two outer lens elements are made entirely of fused quartz. An inner element disposed between the two outer lens is composed of any material such as optical glass. The inner lens element has a hole ground through its center.

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03-09-1996 дата публикации

Presence/absence bar code

Номер: US5552591A
Принадлежит: International Business Machines Corp

A single width bar code exhibiting inherent self clocking characteristics is provided so as to be particularly useful in the identification of semiconductor wafers in very large scale integrated circuit manufacturing processes. The codes described herein are robust, reliable and highly readable even in the face of relatively high variations in scanning speed. The codes are also desirably dense in terms of character representations per linear centimeter, an important consideration in semiconductor manufacturing wherein space on the chips and the wafer is at a premium. Additionally, a preferred embodiment of the present invention exhibits a minimum number for the maximum number of spaces between adjacent bars in code symbol sequences.

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15-11-1990 дата публикации

Presence/absence bar code

Номер: CA2011296A1
Принадлежит: International Business Machines Corp

PRESENCE/ABSENCE BAR CODE ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A single width bar code exhibiting inherent self clocking characteristics is provided so as to be particularly useful in the identification of semiconductor wafers in very large scale integrated circuit manufacturing processes. The codes described herein are robust, reliable and highly readable even in the face of relatively high variations in scanning speed The codes are also desirably dense in terms of character representations per linear centimeter, an important consideration in semiconductor manufacturing wherein space on the chips and the wafer is at a premium. Additionally, a preferred embodiment of the present invention exhibits a minimum number for the maximum number of spaces between adjacent bars in code symbol sequences.

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07-02-1995 дата публикации

Two-sided mask for patterning of materials with electromagnetic radiation

Номер: US5387484A
Принадлежит: International Business Machines Corp

A mask and a fabrication method therefor that incorporates a patterned radiation blocking layer such as a second patterned high-reflectivity dielectric coating on the back surface of the mask which also includes a first patterned reflective coating on the front. This second high-reflective dielectric coating referred to as a premask, eliminates most of the laser energy directed onto the mask that leads only to substrate heating without effecting the laser energy transmitted through the open area of the mask. The open areas of the premask are sufficiently larger than those in the mask so not to interfere with the illumination geometry (i.e. forms a greater angle than the illumination numerical aperture).

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04-12-2008 дата публикации

Inspection technique for transparent substrates

Номер: US20080297784A1
Принадлежит: Corning Inc

A method for inspecting a transparent substrate provides an index-matching fluid between an index-matched optical coupler and a surface of the transparent substrate. The method repeats, at two or more positions along the surface of the transparent substrate, steps of illuminating an inspection volume within the transparent substrate by directing a ribbon of light through the optical coupler and into the transparent substrate and detecting scattered light from the inspection volume at a detector that is optically conjugate with the inspection volume.

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20-09-2007 дата публикации

Increased yield of cubic crystalline optical elements by crystal orientation

Номер: WO2006036602A3

Increased yield of optical elements from cubic crystal rods, such as made of calcium fluoride, is made possible by orienting the optical elements for supporting the propagation of light along one of the <1 1 2>, <1 2 1>, or < 2 1 1> alternative crystal axis, which extend perpendicular to a main <1 1 1> crystal axis. A cleave is taken through the crystal rod along a primary crystal plane {1 1 1} normal to the <1 1 1> main axis. One of the <1 1 2>, <1 2 1>, or < 2 1 1> alternative crystal axes is located by optical inspection and indicated on the crystal rod with an orientation label. Additional cuts are taken parallel to the {1 1 1} primary crystal plane to divide the crystal rod into disks each containing a portion of the orientation label. The disks can be cut again and sides formed perpendicular to the {1 1 1} primary crystal plane with regard to the orientation labels for forming optical elements, such as prisms, oriented for supporting the propagation of polarized light along one of the <1 1 2>, <1 2 1>, and < 2 1 1> alternative crystal axes.

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06-04-2006 дата публикации

Increased yield of cubic crystalline optical elements by crystal orientation

Номер: WO2006036602A2
Принадлежит: CORNING INCORPORATED

Increased yield of optical elements from cubic crystal rods, such as made of calcium fluoride, is made possible by orienting the optical elements for supporting the propagation of light along one of the <1 1 2>, <1 2 1>, or < 2 1 1> alternative crystal axis, which extend perpendicular to a main <1 1 1> crystal axis. A cleave is taken through the crystal rod along a primary crystal plane {1 1 1} normal to the <1 1 1> main axis. One of the <1 1 2>, <1 2 1>, or < 2 1 1> alternative crystal axes is located by optical inspection and indicated on the crystal rod with an orientation label. Additional cuts are taken parallel to the {1 1 1} primary crystal plane to divide the crystal rod into disks each containing a portion of the orientation label. The disks can be cut again and sides formed perpendicular to the {1 1 1} primary crystal plane with regard to the orientation labels for forming optical elements, such as prisms, oriented for supporting the propagation of polarized light along one of the <1 1 2>, <1 2 1>, and < 2 1 1> alternative crystal axes.

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16-03-2006 дата публикации

Polarizer for high-power deep uv radiation

Номер: WO2006028838A2
Принадлежит: CORNING INCORPORATED

A polarizing effect is achieved for light having wavelengths less than 250 nm by orienting an antireflector (20) at an incidence angle between 65° and 75°. Despite limited choices for materials, the antireflector is constructed of layers that alternate in refractive index to exploit the mechanism of interference for limiting the reflectivity of one linear polarization component of the light (22). The same combination of layers supports the reflectivity of an orthogonal linear polarization component (24). The light reflected from the antireflector is highly polarized.

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07-01-1999 дата публикации

Two-level semiconductor laser driver

Номер: WO1999000764A2
Принадлежит: Polaroid Corporation

Disclosed is a two-level current driver (200) suitable for driving a semiconductor laser (250) for printing applications, the laser driver (200) comprising a primary power source (210, 212) for producing a first current pulse (161) of amplitude I1 and of duration T2, a secondary power source (220, 222) for producing a second current pulse (162) of amplitude I2 and of duration T1, means for combining the outputs of the power sources, and sensing means (260) for detecting the current pulse output from the primary power source (210, 212).

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