Processes to control fouling and improve compositions

Improved reaction processes comprise reacting a mixture to form a product comprising a metal alkyl, metal oxide, or mixture thereof and then passing said product to a post-reactor heat exchanger. The improvement comprises one or more of the following: (1) reacting said metal alkyl compound with an acid to produce a soluble metal ester; or (2) adding an ionic surfactant; or (3) adding a mixture comprising an antioxidant to the product under conditions sufficient to avoid formation of significant amounts of insoluble metal or metal compounds derived from said metal alkyl compound; or (4) purging said post-reactor heat exchanger with an inert gas under conditions to remove metal oxide from the post-reactor heat exchanger.

ETHYLENIC POLYMER AND ITS USE

Ethylenic polymers comprising low levels of total unsaturation are disclosed. Compositions using such ethylene polymers and fabricated articles made from them are also disclosed. 1. An ethylenic polymer comprising an overall polymer density of not more than 0.905 g/cm; total unsaturation of not more than 125 per 100 ,000 carbons; and a GI200 gel rating of not more than 15; up to 3 long chain branches/1000 carbons; vinyl-3 content of less than 5 per 100 ,000 carbons;{'sub': 'n', 'sup': '1', 'and a total number of vinyl groups/1000 carbons of less than the quantity (8000/M), wherein the vinyl-3 content and vinyl group measurements are measured by gel permeation chromatography (145° C.) and H-NMR (125° C.).'}3. An ethylenic polymer comprising total unsaturation of from about 10 to about 125 per 100 ,000 carbons total unsaturation; and up to 3 long chain branches/1000 carbons; and a G1200 gel rating of not more than 15.4. The ethylenic polymer of further comprising a vinyls amount and a total unsaturation amount claim 1 , wherein the ratio of vinyls amount:total unsaturation amount is at least 0.2:1 claim 1 , and wherein the ethylenic polymer has less than 5 per 100 claim 1 ,000 carbons of vinyl-3 content.5. The ethylenic polymer of further comprising a vinyls amount and a total unsaturation amount claim 1 , wherein the ratio of vinyls amount:total unsaturation amount is at least 0.3:1.6. The ethylenic polymer of wherein the ratio of vinyls amount:total unsaturation amount is at least 0.4:1.7. The ethylenic polymer of wherein the ratio of vinyls amount: total unsaturation amount is from about 0.4:1 to about 0.8:1.8. The ethylenic polymer of claim 1 , wherein the polymer has less than 5 per 100 claim 1 ,000 carbons of vinyl-3 content.9. A composition comprising claim 1 , or made from claim 1 , at least one ethylenic polymer of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the ethylenic polymer has been cross-linked.10. A composition comprising claim 1 , or made from claim 1 , ...

Interpolymers Suitable for Multilayer Films

The present invention relates to compositions and processes of making and using interpolymers having a controlled molecular weight distribution. Multilayer films and film layers derived from novel ethylene/α-olefin interpolymers are also disclosed. 1. (canceled)2. An ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer which has(i) a DSC curve characterized by an area under the DSC curve from the melting peak temperature to the end of melting is at least about 17% of the total area under the DSC melting curve from −20° C. to the end of melting;(ii) a density from about 0.875 g/cc to about 0.915 g/cc; and{'sub': 10', '2, '(iii) a I/Ifrom 5.5 to 6.5.'}3. The ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer of having less than 0.01 long chain branches per 1000 carbon atoms.4. The ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer of which has a DSC curve characterized by an area under the DSC curve from the melting peak temperature to the end of melting is at least about 18% of the total area under the DSC melting curve from −20° C. to the end of melting.5. The ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer of which has a DSC curve characterized by an area under the DSC curve from the melting peak temperature to the end of melting is from at least about 18% to about 35% of the total area under the DSC melting curve from −20° C. to the end of melting.6. The ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer of which has a DSC curve characterized by an area under the DSC curve from the melting peak temperature to the end of melting is at least about 20% of the total area under the DSC melting curve from −20° C. to the end of melting.7. The ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer of which has a density from about 0.895 g/cc to about 0.910 g/cc.8. The ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer of wherein the I/Iis from about 5.6 to about 6.3.9. The ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer of wherein the interpolymer has a molecular weight distribution in the range from about 2.0 to about 3.8.10. The ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer of wherein the interpolymer has a molecular weight distribution in ...

Processes to Control Fouling and Improve Compositions

Improved reaction processes comprise reacting a mixture to form a product comprising a metal alkyl, metal oxide, or mixture thereof and then passing said product to a post-reactor heat exchanger. The improvement comprises one or more of the following: 14-. (canceled)5. A reaction process comprising: (a) an ethylene/α-olefin multiblock interpolymer comprising at least 50 mole percent ethylene which is characterized before any crosslinking by one or more of the following characteristics:', '(1) an average block index greater than zero and up to about 1.0 and a molecular weight distribution, Mw/Mn, greater than about 1.3; or', '(2) at least one molecular fraction which elutes between 40° C. and 130° C. when fractionated using TREF, characterized in that the fraction has a block index of at least 0.5 and up to about 1; or', {'br': None, 'i': T', 'd', 'd, 'sub': 'm', 'sup': '2', '>−6553.3+13735()−7051.7(); or'}, '(3) an Mw/Mn from about 1.7 to about 3.5, at least one melting point, Tm, in degrees Celsius, and a density, d, in grams/cubic centimeter, wherein the numerical values of Tm and d correspond to the relationship, [{'br': None, 'i': T>−', 'H', 'H, 'Δ0.1299(Δ)+62.81 for Δgreater than zero and up to 130 J/g,'}, {'br': None, 'i': T≧', 'H, 'Δ48° C. for Δgreater than 130 J/g,'}], '(4) an Mw/Mn from about 1.7 to about 3.5, and a heat of fusion, ΔH in J/g, and a delta quantity, ΔT, in degrees Celsius defined as the temperature difference between the tallest DSC peak and the tallest CRYSTAF peak, wherein the numerical values of ΔT and ΔH have the following relationships, 'wherein the CRYSTAF peak is determined using at least 5 percent of the cumulative polymer, and if less than 5 percent of the polymer has an identifiable CRYSTAF peak, then the CRYSTAF temperature is 30° C.; or', {'br': None, 'i': Re>', 'd, '1481−1629(); or'}, '(5) an elastic recovery, Re, in percent at 300 percent strain and 1 cycle measured with a compression-molded film of the ethylene/α-olefin ...

Processes to control fouling and improve compositions

Improved reaction processes comprise reacting a mixture to form a product comprising a metal alkyl, metal oxide, or mixture thereof and then passing said product to a post-reactor heat exchanger. The improvement comprises one or more of the following: (1) reacting said metal alkyl compound with an acid to produce a soluble metal ester; or (2) adding an ionic surfactant; or (3) adding a mixture comprising an antioxidant to the product under conditions sufficient to avoid formation of significant amounts of insoluble metal or metal compounds derived from said metal alkyl compound; or (4) purging said post-reactor heat exchanger with an inert gas under conditions to remove metal oxide from the post-reactor heat exchanger.

Polypropylene-based adhesive compounds

A copolymer comprising units derived from propylene and at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of ethylene and C 4-20 α-olefins, the copolymer having (i) a content of units derived from propylene of greater than about 50 mole percent, (ii) a Brookfield viscosity at 190C from about 50 to about 100,000 cP, (iii) an MWD from about 1.5 to about 6, and (iv) containing less than about 50 ppm metal.

Interpolymers suitable for multilayer films

The present invention relates to compositions and processes of making and using interpolymers having a controlled molecular weight distribution. Multilayer films and film layers derived from novel ethylene/α-olefin interpolymers are also disclosed.

Polypropylene-based adhesive compositions

An adhesive composition comprising a copolymer of propylene and at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of ethylene and C 4-20 α-olefins, the copolymer having (i) a content of units derived from propylene of greater than about 50 mole percent, (ii) a Brookfield viscosity at 190 C from about 50 to about 100,000 cP, (iii) an MWD from about 1.5 to about 15, and (iv) containing less than about 50 ppm residual catalyst metal.

Polypropylene-Based Adhesive Compositions

An adhesive composition comprising a copolymer of propylene and at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of ethylene and C 4-20 α-olefins, the copolymer having (i) a content of units derived from propylene of greater than about 50 mole percent, (ii) a Brookfield viscosity at 190 C from about 50 to about 100,000 cP, (iii) an MWD from about 1.5 to about 15, and (iv) containing less than about 50 ppm residual catalyst metal.

Interpolymers suitable for multilayer films

The present invention relates to compositions and processes of making and using interpolymers having a controlled molecular weight distribution. Multilayer films and film layers derived from novel ethylene/α-olefin interpolymers are also disclosed.

Polypropylene-based adhesive compositions

Propylene/Alpha-Olefins Block Interpolymers

Embodiments of the invention provide a class of propylene/α-olefin block interpolymers. The propylene/α-olefin interpolymers are characterized by an average block index, ABI, which is greater than zero and up to about 1.0 and a molecular weight distribution, M w /M n , greater than about 1.3. Preferably, the block index is from about 0.2 to about 1. In addition or alternatively, the block propylene/α-olefin interpolymer is characterized by having at least one fraction obtained by Temperature Rising Elution Fractionation (“TREF”), wherein the fraction has a block index greater than about 0.3 and up to about 1.0 and the propylene/α-olefin interpolymer has a molecular weight distribution, M w /M n , greater than about 1.3.

Propylene/α-olefins block interpolymers

Embodiments of the invention provide a class of propylene/α-olefin block interpolymers. The propylene/α-olefin interpolymers are characterized by an average block index, ABI, which is greater than zero and up to about 1.0 and a molecular weight distribution, M w /M n , greater than about 1.3. Preferably, the block index is from about 0.2 to about 1. In addition or alternatively, the block propylene/α-olefin interpolymer is characterized by having at least one fraction obtained by Temperature Rising Elution Fractionation (“TREF”), wherein the fraction has a block index greater than about 0.3 and up to about 1.0 and the propylene/α-olefin interpolymer has a molecular weight distribution, M w /M n , greater than about 1.3.

Ethylene/alpha-olefins block interpolymers

Embodiments of the invention provide a class of ethylene/α-olefin block interpolymers. The ethylene/α-olefin interpolymers are characterized by an average block index, ABI, which is greater than zero and up to about 1.0 and a molecular weight distribution, M w /M n , greater than about 1.3. Preferably, the block index is from about 0.2 to about 1. In addition or alternatively, the block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer is characterized by having at least one fraction obtained by Temperature Rising Elution Fractionation (“TREF”), wherein the fraction has a block index greater than about 0.3 and up to about 1.0 and the ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer has a molecular weight distribution, M w /M n , greater than about 1.3.

Ethylene/alpha-olefins block interpolymers

Embodiments of the invention provide a class of ethylene/α-olefin block interpolymers. The ethylene/α-olefin interpolymers are characterized by an average block index, ABI, which is greater than zero and up to about 1.0 and a molecular weight distribution, M w /M n , greater than about 1.3. Preferably, the block index is from about 0.2 to about 1. In addition or alternatively, the block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer is characterized by having at least one fraction obtained by Temperature Rising Elution Fractionation (“TREF”), wherein the fraction has a block index greater than about 0.3 and up to about 1.0 and the ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer has a molecular weight distribution, M w /M n , greater than about 1.3.

Ethylene/α-olefins block interpolymers

Embodiments of the invention provide a class of ethylene/α-olefin block interpolymers. The ethylene/α-olefin interpolymers are characterized by an average block index, ABI, which is greater than zero and up to about 1.0 and a molecular weight distribution, M w /M n , greater than about 1.3. Preferably, the block index is from about 0.2 to about 1. In addition or alternatively, the block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer is characterized by having at least one fraction obtained by Temperature Rising Elution Fractionation (“TREF”), wherein the fraction has a block index greater than about 0.3 and up to about 1.0 and the ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer has a molecular weight distribution, M w /M n , greater than about 1.3.

Interpolymers suitable for multilayer films

The present invention relates to compositions and processes of making and using interpolymers having a controlled molecular weight distribution. Multilayer films and film layers derived from novel ethylene/α-olefin interpolymers are also disclosed.

Processes to control fouling and improve compositions

Improved reaction processes comprise reacting a mixture to form a product comprising a metal alkyl, metal oxide, or mixture thereof and then passing said product to a post-reactor heat exchanger. The improvement comprises one or more of the following: (1) reacting said metal alkyl compound with an acid to produce a soluble metal ester; or (2) adding an ionic surfactant; or (3) adding a mixture comprising an antioxidant to the product under conditions sufficient to avoid formation of significant amounts of insoluble metal or metal compounds derived from said metal alkyl compound; or (4) purging said post-reactor heat exchanger with an inert gas under conditions to remove metal oxide from the post-reactor heat exchanger.

Polypropylene-based adhesive compositions

An adhesive composition comprising a copolymer of propylene and at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of ethylene and C α-olefins, the copolymer having (i) a content of units derived from propylene of greater than about 50 mole percent, (ii) a Brookfield viscosity at 190C from about 50 to about 100,000 cP, (iii) an MWD from about 1.5 to about 15, and (iv) containing less than about 50 ppm residual catalyst metal.

Polypropylene-based adhesive compositions

An adhesive composition comprising a copolymer of propylene and at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of ethylene and C4-20 α-olefins, the copolymer having (i) a content of units derived from propylene of greater than about 50 mole percent, (ii) a Brookfield viscosity at 190C from about 50 to about 100,000 cP, (iii) an MWD from about 1.5 to about 15, and (iv) containing less than about 50 ppm residual catalyst metal.

Ethylene/alpha-olefins block interpolymers

Embodiments of the invention provide a class of ethylene/α-olefÊn block interpolymers. The ethylene/α-olefÊn interpolymers are characterized by an average block index, ABI, which is greater than zero and up to about 1.0 and a molecular weight distribution, M/M, greater than about 1.3. Preferably, the block index is from about 0.2 to about 1. In addition or alternatively, the block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer is characterized by having at least one fraction obtained by Temperature Rising Elution Fractionation ("TREF"), wherein the fraction has a block index greater than about 0.3 and up to about 1.0 and the ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer has a molecular weight distribution, M/M, greater than about 1.3.

Processes to Control Fouling and Improve Compositions

Improved reaction processes comprise reacting a mixture to form a product comprising a metal alkyl, metal oxide, or mixture thereof and then passing said product to a post-reactor heat exchanger. The improvement comprises one or more of the following: (1) reacting said metal alkyl compound with an acid to produce a soluble metal ester; or (2) adding an ionic surfactant; or (3) adding a mixture comprising an antioxidant to the product under conditions sufficient to avoid formation of significant amounts of insoluble metal or metal compounds derived from said metal alkyl compound; or (4) purging said post-reactor heat exchanger with an inert gas under conditions to remove metal oxide from the post-reactor heat exchanger.

Ethylene/α-olefins block interpolymers

Ethylene/alpha-olefins block interpolymers

Ethylene/?-olefins block interpolymers

EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION PROVIDE A CLASS OF ETHYLENE/?-OLEFIN BLOCK INTERPOLYMERS. THE ETHYLENE/?-OLEFIN INTERPOLYMERS ARE CHARACTERIZED BY AN AVERAGE BLOCK INDEX, ABI, WHICH IS GREATER THAN ZERO AND UP TO ABOUT 1.0 AND A MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION, M?/Mn., GREATER THAN ABOUT 1.3. PREFERABLY, THE BLOCK INDEX IS FROM ABOUT 0.2 TO ABOUT 1. IN ADDITION OR ALTERNATIVELY, THE BLOCK ETHYLENE/?-OLEFIN INTERPOLYMER IS CHARACTERIZED BY HAVING AT LEAST ONE FRACTION OBTAINED BY TEMPERATURE RISING ELUTION FRACTIONATION ("TREF"), WHEREIN THE FRACTION HAS A BLOCK INDEX GREATER THAN ABOUT 0.3 AND UP TO ABOUT 1.0 AND THE ETHYLENE/?-OLEFIN INTERPOLYMER HAS A MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION, M?/Mn GREATER THAN ABOUT 1.3.

propylene / (alpha) -olefin interpolymer

INTERPOLIMERO DE PROPILENO/<244>-OLEFINA. Concretizações da invenção provêem uma classe de interpolímeros em bloco de propileno/<244>-olefina. Os interpolímeros de propileno/<244>-olefina são caracterizados por um índice médio de bloco, ABI, que é maior que zero e até cerca de 1,0 e uma distribuição de peso molecular, M~ w~/M~ n~, maior que cerca de 1,3. Preferivelmente, o índice de bloco é de cerca de 0,2 a cerca de 1. Adicionalmente ou alternativamente, o interpolimero em bloco de propileno/<244>olefina é caracterizado por ter pelo menos uma fração obtida por Fracionamento por Eluição com Gradiente de Temperatura ("TREF"), sendo que a fração tem um índice de bloco maior que cerca de 0,3 até cerca de 1,0 e o interpolímero de propileno/<244>-olefina tem uma distribuição de peso molecular, M~ w~/M~ n~ maior que cerca de 1,3. PROPYLENE INTERPOLYMER / <244> -OLEFINE. Embodiments of the invention provide a class of propylene /? -Olefin block interpolymers. Propylene /? -Olefin interpolymers are characterized by an average block index, ABI, which is greater than zero and up to about 1.0 and a molecular weight distribution, M ~ w ~ / M ~ n ~, greater than about 1.3. Preferably, the block index is from about 0.2 to about 1. Additionally or alternatively, the propylene / β-olefin block interpolymer is characterized by having at least a fraction obtained by Temperature Gradient Elution Fractionation. ("TREF"), wherein the fraction has a block index of greater than about 0.3 to about 1.0 and the propylene / β-olefin interpolymer has a molecular weight distribution, M ~ W ~. / M ~ n ~ greater than about 1.3.

Processes to control fouling and improve compositions

Improved reaction processes comprise reacting a mixture to form a product comprising a metal alkyl, metal oxide, or mixture thereof and then passing said product to a post-reactor heat exchanger. The improvement comprises one or more of the following: (1) reacting said metal alkyl compound with an acid to produce a soluble metal ester; or (2) adding an ionic surfactant; or (3) adding a mixture comprising an antioxidant to the product under conditions sufficient to avoid formation of significant amounts of insoluble metal or metal compounds derived from said metal alkyl compound; or (4) purging said post-reactor heat exchanger with an inert gas under conditions to remove metal oxide from the post-reactor heat exchanger.

Propylene/alpha-olefins block interpolymers

antifouling composition and reaction process to reduce fouling

composição anti-incrustação e processo de reação para reduzir incrustaçóes processos de reação melhorados compreendem reagir uma mistura para formar um produto compreendendo um alquila metálico, óxido metálico, ou mistura destes e então passar o di to produto para um trocador de calor pósreator. o melhoramento compreende um ou mais dos seguintes: (1) reagir o dito composto de alquila metálico com um ácido de maneira a produzir um éster metálico solúvel; ou ( 2) adicionar um tensoati vo iônico; ou ( 3) adicionar uma mistura compreendendo um antioxidante ao produto sob condições suficientes para evitar a formação de quantidades significativas de metal ou compostos metálicos insolúveis derivados do dito composto de alquila metálico; ou (4) purgar o dito trocador de calor pós-reator com um gás inerte sob condições tais a remover óxido metálico do trocador de calor pós-reator. antifouling composition and reaction process for reducing fouling Improved reaction processes comprise reacting a mixture to form a product comprising a metal alkyl, metal oxide, or mixture thereof and then passing the product to a post-reactor heat exchanger. The improvement comprises one or more of the following: (1) reacting said metal alkyl compound with an acid to produce a soluble metal ester; or (2) add an ionic surfactant; or (3) adding a mixture comprising an antioxidant to the product under conditions sufficient to prevent the formation of significant amounts of metal or insoluble metal compounds derived from said metal alkyl compound; or (4) purging said post-reactor heat exchanger with an inert gas under conditions such as removing metal oxide from the post-reactor heat exchanger.

Processes to control fouling and improve compositions

Improved reaction processes comprise reacting a mixture to form a product comprising a metal alkyl, metal oxide, or mixture thereof and then passing said product to a post-reactor heat exchanger. The improvement comprises one or more of the following: (1) reacting said metal alkyl compound with an acid to produce a soluble metal ester; or (2) adding an ionic surfactant; or (3) adding a mixture comprising an antioxidant to the product under conditions sufficient to avoid formation of significant amounts of insoluble metal or metal compounds derived from said metal alkyl compound; or (4) purging said post-reactor heat exchanger with an inert gas under conditions to remove metal oxide from the post-reactor heat exchanger.

ETHYLENE/α-OLEFINS BLOCK INTERPOLYMERS

Embodiments of the invention provide a class of ethylene/α-olefÊn block interpolymers. The ethylene/α-olefÊn interpolymers are characterized by an average block index, ABI, which is greater than zero and up to about 1.0 and a molecular weight distribution, Mw/Mn, greater than about 1.3. Preferably, the block index is from about 0.2 to about 1. In addition or alternatively, the block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer is characterized by having at least one fraction obtained by Temperature Rising Elution Fractionation ('TREF'), wherein the fraction has a block index greater than about 0.3 and up to about 1.0 and the ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer has a molecular weight distribution, Mw/Mn, greater than about 1.3.

Processes to control fouling and improve compositions

PROCESSES TO CONTROL FOULING AND IMPROVE COMPOSITIONSAbstractImproved reaction processes comprise reacting a mixture to form a product comprising a metal alkyl, metal oxide, or mixture thereof and then passing said product to a post-reactor heat exchanger. The improvement comprises one or more of the following: (1) reacting said metal alkyl compound with an acid to produce a soluble metal ester; or (2) adding an ionic surfactant; or (3) adding a mixture comprising an antioxidant to the product under conditions sufficient to avoid formation of significant amounts of insoluble metal or metal compounds derived from said metal alkyl compound; or (4) purging said post-reactor heat exchanger with an inert gas under conditions to remove metal oxide from the post-reactor heat exchanger.(Fig. 1)

Ethylene/ alpha-olefins block interpolymers

Embodiments of the invention provide a class of ethylene/α-olefÊn block interpolymers. The ethylene/α-olefÊn interpolymers are characterized by an average block index, ABI, which is greater than zero and up to about 1.0 and a molecular weight distribution, Mw/Mn, greater than about 1.3. Preferably, the block index is from about 0.2 to about 1. In addition or alternatively, the block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer is characterized by having at least one fraction obtained by Temperature Rising Elution Fractionation ('TREF'), wherein the fraction has a block index greater than about 0.3 and up to about 1.0 and the ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer has a molecular weight distribution, Mw/Mn, greater than about 1.3.

Polypropylene-based adhesive compositions

An adhesive composition comprising a copolymer of propylene and at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of ethylene and C4-20 α-olefins, the copolymer having (i) a content of units derived from propylene of greater than about 50 mole percent, (ii) a Brookfield viscosity at 190C from about 50 to about 100,000 cP, (iii) an MWD from about 1.5 to about 15, and (iv) containing less than about 50 ppm residual catalyst metal.

Interpolymers suitable for multilayer films

Polypropylene-based adhesive compositions

Interpolymers suitable for multilayer films

The present invention relates to compositions and processes of making and using interpolymers having a controlled molecular weight distribution. Multilayer films and film layers derived from novel ethylene/α-olefin interpolymers are also disclosed.

Polypropylene-based adhesive compositions

An adhesive composition comprising a copolymer of propylene and at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of ethylene and C4 -20 a-olefins, the copolymer having (i) a content of units derived from propylene of greater than about 50 mole percent, (ii) a Brookfield viscosity at 190C from about 50 to about 100,000 cP, (iii) an MWD from about 1.5 to about 15, and (iv) containing less than about 50 ppm residual catalyst metal.

Propylene/α-olefins block interpolymers

Processes to control fouling and improve compositions

Ethylen / alpha-olefin block-copolymere

Procesos para controlar la incrustacion y mejorar las composiciones

Los procesos de reacción mejorados comprenden hacer reaccionar una mezcla para formar un producto que comprende un alquilo metálico, un óxido metálico o una mezcla de los mismos y luego pasar dicho producto a un intercambiador de calor posterior al reactor. La mejora comprende uno o más de los siguientes: (1) hacer reaccionar dicho compuesto de alquilo metálico con un ácido para producir un éster metálico soluble; o (2) añadir un tensioactivo iónico; o (3) añadir una mezcla que comprende un antioxidante al producto en condiciones suficientes para evitar la formación de cantidades significativas de metal insoluble o compuestos metálicos derivados de dicho compuesto de alquilo metálico; o (4) purgar dicho intercambiador de calor post-reactor con un gas inerte en condiciones para eliminar el óxido metálico del intercambiador de calor post-reactor. (Traducción automática con Google Translate, sin valor legal)