TOOTHBRUSH

Le présent modèle d'utilité propose une brosse à dents comportant des éléments souples (4) de brossage, une tête (1) de montage d'éléments souples qui comprend des trous de fixation dans lesquels sont fixées les racines des éléments souples (4) de brossage, ainsi qu'un manche. La tête (1) de montage d'éléments souples dispose de trous (32) de propreté qui sont adjacents aux trous de fixation de la tête (1) de montage, plus concrètement, les trous (32) de propreté relient le fond (31) des trous de fixation et l'autre face de la tête (1) de montage opposée aux éléments souples (4). Une feuille (5) de fixation des éléments souples est également fixée dans le trou de fixation, la feuille de fixation étant sous forme de paillette. La feuille (5) de fixation s'étend depuis l'ouverture du trou de fixation, jusqu'à son fond (31) suivant l'axe du trou de fixation.

COMBINED METHOD OF IMPROVING THE DEGREE OF CRISPNESS OF THE PACKING AND PREVENTING ADHERENCE OF CHIPS FRUIT BY VACUUM

Méthode combinée d'amélioration du conditionnement du degré de croustillance et de prévention d'adhérence de chips de fruits par vide poussé La présente invention concerne une méthode combinée d'amélioration du conditionnement du degré de croustillance et de prévention d'adhérence de chips de fruits par vide poussé, comprenant une sélection des matières premières, un lavage, un épluchage, et un dénoyautage, caractérisée en ce que l'on découpe les fruits; puis on réalise un prétraitement, ce dernier permet notamment une protection des couleurs, la conservation de la croustillance et de prévenir contre l'adhérence de chips de fruit. Puis la matière prétraitée est repêchée, puis égouttée pour permettre sa dessiccation sous vide poussé, suivie d'une dessiccation postérieure avec jet combinée par micro-ondes à impulsions négatives et vide poussé. Pour finir la matière est emballée en sachets. Les chips de fruits améliorées de l'invention sont de sensation friable en bouche, de teneur nutritive ...

DEVICE AND PROCESS OF DETERMINATION OF the CONCENTRATION Of ONE COMPOSE IN an AQUEOUS OR GAS PHASE

JOINT BRUSHES SEALING REVOLVING AND TURBOSHAFT ENGINE COMPRISING SUCH a JOINT BRUSHES

Joint brosse (100) destiné à être utilisé entre une pièce rotative (102) et une pièce fixe (104) d'une turbomachine. Le joint brosse (100) comporte un ensemble de poils (110) ayant une extrémité fixe (112) et une extrémité libre (114), l'extrémité fixe (112) étant fixée à la pièce rotative (102) et l'ensemble de poils (110) étant incliné axialement par rapport à la pièce rotative (102).

ELECTRIC TOOTHBRUSH HEAD

CARBIDE TIPS FOR APPLICATIONS RESISTING WEAR

L'invention concerne des pastilles de carbure comprenant des quantités relativement petites de liant métallique qui sont produites par des étapes de pressage, de fragmentation, de profilage et de frittage. Les pastilles de carbure peuvent être utilisées comme des matériaux de surfaçage dur résistant à l'usure qui sont appliqués à différents types d'outils. Les pastilles de carbure apportent des propriétés mécaniques améliorées, telles que la dureté et l'abrasivité tout en maintenant des niveaux requis de ténacité et de résistance.

BRUSH SEAL

ELECTRICAL SUBMERSIBLE PUMP-GAS SLUG

Une pompe submersible électrique (114) comprenant un logement ayant un axe longitudinal se prolongeant à travers celui-ci ; et une pluralité de cellules placée à l'intérieur du logement, chaque cellule ayant une roue et un diffuseur, la pluralité de cellules étant empilable les unes sur les autres le long de l'axe longitudinal du logement, dans laquelle une ou plusieurs de la pluralité des cellules sont des cellules d'écoulement standard, dans laquelle une ou plusieurs de la pluralité des cellules sont des cellules d'écoulement anti-bouchon de gaz, et dans laquelle les cellules d'écoulement anti-bouchon de gaz sont modifiées par rapport aux cellules d'écoulement standard pour avoir une incidence de gaz piégé diminuée.

INTERDENTAL BRUSH ELECTRIC

ROTOR WITH BLADES OF ASYMMETRIC SPACING

JOINT HAS BRUSH INCLUDING/UNDERSTANDING a BEARING PLATE EQUIPPED With a TOOTH

Joint à brosse (10) comportant une surface d'étanchéité (48), une plaque latérale (26), une plaque d'appui (28), une pluralité de poils (30) et un élément de sollicitation (32). La plaque d'appui (28) est mise de manière sélective dans une position fixe et a au moins une dent d'appui (52) et un bout d'appui (60). La dent d'appui (52) a une surface (66) de dent et le bout d'appui (60) a une surface (68) de bout. Un espacement (C1) de dent est mesuré entre la surface (66) de dent et la surface d'étanchéité (48). Un espacement (C2) de bout est mesuré entre la surface (68) de bout et la surface d'étanchéité (48). L'espacement (C1) de dent est plus petit que l'espacement (C2) de bout. Les poils (30) sont situés entre la plaque latérale (26) et la plaque d'appui (28). Les poils (30) comprennent une extrémité (42) pour assurer l'étanchéité avec la surface d'étanchéité (48). L'élément de sollicitation (32) exerce une force de sollicitation (F) sur la plaque d'appui (28) en direction de la surface ...

TOOTHBRUSH

ROTARY APPARATUS AIR INJECTION WITH A DUST COLLECTING HOOD

Un appareil rotatif à injection d'air inclut un capot de collecte de poussières et un pulvérisateur rotatif. Le capot de collecte de poussières connecté avec un tuyau d'aspiration comporte une ouverture d'aspiration et une partie de logement. Le pulvérisateur rotatif inclut un ensemble de tuyau rotatif et une structure rotative guide. L'ensemble de tuyau rotatif inclut un tuyau fixe et un tuyau rotatif. Le tuyau fixe pénètre de façon fixe dans la partie de logement et est connecté au tuyau de gaz sous pression. Le tuyau rotatif pénètre en rotation dans le tuyau fixe. La structure rotative guide inclut un corps principal guide et un obturateur de commande de fluide. Le corps principal guide connecté de façon fixe avec le tuyau rotatif a en outre un tuyau rotatif connecté à la cuve de logement. L'obturateur de commande de fluide situé de façon fixe à l'intérieur de la cuve de logement comporte au moins une rainure guide hélicoïdale connectée avec le tuyau rotatif.

SEAL ASSEMBLY FOR ROTATING MACHINE WITH SEALING ELEMENTS OF INTERSTICES ABUTMENT

COMBINED METHOD OF IMPROVING PACKAGING THE DEGREE OF CRISPNESS AND FOR PREVENTION OF ADHESIONS CRISP FRUIT BY VACUUM

SHARES OF MANAGEMENT IN AN ENTERPRISE APPLICATION SCREEN

Des modes de réalisation de l'invention proposent un partage d'écran géré dans une application d'entreprise. Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, un procédé de partage d'écran géré dans une application d'entreprise inclut des étapes consistant à charger au nom d'un utilisateur final principal une instance d'une application d'entreprise en mémoire d'un ordinateur, diriger l'instance de l'application d'entreprise pour afficher un écran de données dans un écran d'affichage de l'ordinateur et sélectionner dans l'instance de l'application d'entreprise un utilisateur final secondaire pour un partage d'écran de l'écran de données. Le procédé inclut également l'étape consistant à transmettre une demande sur un réseau de communications d'ordinateur à une instance différente de l'application d'entreprise de l'utilisateur final sélectionné pour afficher l'écran de données dans un écran d'affichage de l'utilisateur final secondaire. Enfin, le procédé inclut l'étape consistant à afficher l'écran ...

AN ACCELEROMETER MAGNETIC LEVITATION SYSTEM HAVING HIGH ACCURACY

La présente invention concerne un accéléromètre de lévitation magnétique à haute précision destiné à mesurer l'accélération linéaire de l'appareil volant, comportant un système de chambre à vide de blindage magnétique, un système de détection de déplacement par interférences lumineuses, un système de commande magnétique et un petit corps magnétique servant comme une masse d'épreuve. Avec la mise en œuvre la technique de détection par interférences lumineuse, l'accéléromètre mesure précisément la position et l'attitude du petit corps magnétique en temps réel, et la technologie à lévitation magnétique est appliquée pour remettre précisément le petit corps magnétique dans sa position et son attitude, de sorte que le petit corps servant comme une masse d'épreuve soit toujours dans le centre de la chambre du système de commande.

HEAT TRANSFER MODULE WITH ADJUSTMENT THEREOF FOR THERMODYNAMIC SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING SANITARY HOT WATER

Le module de transfert thermique comporte : - une entrée chaude (32), - une sortie froide (34), - une entrée froide (28), et - une sortie chaude (30), Le système proposé (module de transfert et ballon associé) comporte : - une dérivation (36) réalisée en aval de la sortie chaude (30), entre le module de transfert thermique et le ballon (2), de manière à obtenir au moins deux branches (38, 40), chaque branche (38, 40) alimentant le ballon (2) en des points d'alimentation (16, 18) disposés à des hauteurs distinctes, - des moyens de régulation pour réguler un débit d'eau dans chaque branche (38, 40), - des capteurs de températures, et - des moyens de gestion et de commande sont reliés aux capteurs de température et aux moyens de régulation de débit.

SEAL

SYSTEM TO REGULATE SEGMENTS OF JOINT BRUSHES IN A TURBOSHAFT ENGINE

Le segment (40) de joint brosse, comprend un support mobile ayant une tête (96), un prolongement (98) et une surface d'étanchéité (69), la tête (96) étant montée dans une chambre (66). Le segment (40) de joint brosse comprend également une brosse (46) montée sur le support mobile le long de la surface d'étanchéité (69). Le segment (40) de joint brosse comprend un élément de sollicitation (78) monté sur le support mobile, conçu pour faire passer le support mobile d'une première position à une seconde position afin d'accroître un espacement (84) de la brosse dans un espace (86) entre la brosse (46) et un rotor (22), et le support mobile étant conçu pour passer de la seconde position à la première position pour réduire l'espacement (84) de la brosse en réponse à la circulation d'un fluide de l'espace (86) à la chambre (66).

JOINTS OF Overall SEGMENTS Of SEALING

La présente invention propose un ensemble d'étanchéité (130) pour utiliser entre un premier composant (110) et un second composant (120) d'une machine tournante (100). L'ensemble d'étanchéité (130) peut inclure un premier segment d'étanchéité (250) ayant une première extrémité (230) avec une première surface anguleuse (280) et un second segment d'étanchéité (260) ayant une seconde extrémité (240) avec une seconde surface anguleuse (290). La première surface anguleuse (280) de la première extrémité (230) du premier segment d'étanchéité (250) rencontre la seconde surface anguleuse (290) de la seconde extrémité (240) du second segment d'étanchéité (260) au niveau d'un joint (270) s'étendant d'un point d'étanchéité radiale (300) jusqu'à un point d'étanchéité axiale (310).

BALLOON BLOWING CLEANING ANTI-REFLUX.

ONE METHOD OF ARTICULATION OF A METALLURGICAL VESSEL AND THE HINGE SYSTEM

La présente invention propose une nouvelle méthode d'articulation des corps du véhicule à plancher surbaissé et un système d'articulation, en adoptant une connexion de double articulation des corps multiples, dans laquelle les corps du véhicule à plancher surbaissé forment le système d'articulation à travers la combinaison entre l'articulation fixe, l'articulation de rotation et l'articulation libre. L'articulation fixe et l'articulation de rotation du système d'articulation prennent l'unité de roulement de joint métallique comme la pièce clef décisive de l'articulation, en formant l'articulation fixe ; la combinaison de l'articulation fixe et de l'articulation de rotation compose le système d'articulation des corps pour l'articulation. Cette invention prend le roulement de joint métallique comme la pièce clef d'articulation via la régulation de la structure de l'articulation fixe, l'articulation de rotation, et l'articulation libre, assure leurs performances par l'ajout du fourreau résistant ...

LAYERED ASSEMBLY FOR REPAIRING SUPERALLOY ARTICLE

L'invention concerne des procédés de réparation d'un article en superalliage. Dans certains modes de réalisation, un procédé de réparation d'un article en superalliage à base de nickel comprend la fourniture d'un ensemble en couches par-dessus une région endommagée de l'article en superalliage à base de nickel, l'ensemble en couches comprenant une préforme en superalliage à base de nickel, une préforme en alliage d'infiltration et un composant d'abaissement de point de fusion. L'ensemble en couches est chauffé pour former un alliage d'apport à base de nickel lié par voie métallurgique à la région endommagée, les phases carbure primaire et carbure secondaire étant présentes dans l'alliage d'apport à base de nickel en une quantité combinée de 0,5 à 10 % en volume.

MINIATURE CIRCUIT BREAKER-PARAMETER FOR BLOCKING A CURRENT FREQUENCY ELECTRIC

Removal of nitrogen and sulfur contamination from catalysts by hot hydrogen stripping

Nitrogen and optionally sulfur contamination can be removed from catalysts, such as spent and regenerated catalysts, by stripping them with a hydrogen-containing stream at high temperatures, such as between about 100 to about 600° C. Lower pressures such as a gauge pressure below about 10 MPa favors nitrogen removal, whereas relatively higher pressure, for instance from about 0.5 MPa to about 8 MPa encourages sulfur removal. The metal dispersion, increased after the hot hydrogen stripping of the spent catalyst.

Method of conversion of heavy aromatics

A method is provided for conversion of heavy alkylaromatic compounds, particularly those in the C8-C12range, into more valuable aromatics of benzene, toluene and xylene utilizing a toluene disproportionation unit containing a nickel, palladium or platinum-modified mordenite catalyst. The method allows large amounts of these heavy alkylaromatic compounds to be processed without adversely affecting catalyst activity or catalyst life. This is accomplished by introducing the heavy alkylaromatic compounds into the reactor at constant reaction severity conditions and maintaining those conditions during conversion.

Method and device for realizing optical channel data unit shared protection ring

A method and a device for realizing an optical channel data unit (ODU) shared protection ring (SPRing) are disclosed. The method includes: first, receive an ODUj, wherein the ODUj carries an ODUi; then, perform de-multiplexing processing to obtain the ODUi from the ODUj; next, multiplex the ODUi to an optical channel data unit k (ODUk); meanwhile, keep monitoring the ODUk; and when the monitoring result that is obtained through monitoring the ODUk indicates that a failure has occurred, perform a switching on the ODUi; wherein i, j, k are integers equal to or larger than 0, k is larger than j, j is larger than i, and i, j, k are used to indicate different rates of respective optical channel data unit (ODU) signals.

TOGETHER Of SEALING FOR REVOLVING MACHINE INCLUDING/UNDERSTANDING OF the ELEMENTS Of SEALING Of INTERSTICES Of ABUTMENT

Ensemble d'étanchéité pour une machine tournante (280) comportant une série de segments d'étanchéité complémentaires (210) agencés les uns par rapport aux autres de manière à former un corps sensiblement continu avec des interstices d'aboutement (230) entre les segments d'étanchéité (210), les segments d'étanchéité (210) comprenant : une tête (214) et un étranglement axial (212) relié à la tête (214), l'étranglement axial (212) s'étendant radialement vers l'intérieur et ayant une rainure axiale (216) formée sensiblement à travers celui-ci et au moins un élément d'étanchéité (220) d'interstice d'aboutement. Ledit élément d'étanchéité (220) d'interstices d'aboutement comprenant un rebord axial (222) et un rebord radial (224), le rebord axial (222) étant disposé dans les rainures axiales (216) des segments d'étanchéité adjacents (210) ; et le rebord radial (224) s'étendant radialement vers l'intérieur depuis les rainures axiales (216) jusqu'à proximité de la machine tournante (280) en formant ...

ADDITIVE AND METHOD FOR THE TERMINATION OF POLYMERIZATION AND/OR REDUCING THE VISCOSITY OF A POLYMER SOLUTION

CARBURIZE TWO-PHASE TUNGSTEN WITHOUT BINDER RESISTANT TO WEAR AND MANUFACTORING PROCESS ASSOCIATES

L'invention concerne un matériau de carbure de tungstène biphasé sans liant à grains ultrafins. Le matériau contient, en pourcentage massique, du carbure de ditungstène entre environ I et environ 10 %, du carbure de vanadium et/ou du carbure de chrome à hauteur d'environ 1 %, du cobalt à hauteur d'environ 0,2 %, le reste du carbure de tungstène, le matériau résistant à l'usure possédant une dureté d'au moins environ 2 900 kg/mm2 et une microstructure dont la taille de grain moyenne du carbure de tungstène n'excède pas environ 0,3 micron. Le matériau associe une résistance à l'usure et une dureté étonnamment élevées. L'invention concerne également des procédés de fabrication du matériau ainsi que des articles constitués de ce matériau.

BALLOON BLOWING CLEANING ANTI-REFLUX.

Ce ballon de nettoyage comprend une sphère (1) et un tube d'insufflation (2) ; la partie frontale de la sphère (1 ) étant équipée d'un diffuseur d'air (11), et son extrémité dorsale étant équipée d'un clapet unidirectionnel (12) d'admission d'air ; un trou débouchant (21 ) d'insufflation d'air étant aménagé dans le tube d'insufflation (2), et l'extrémité dorsale du tube d'insufflation (2) étant reliée au diffuseur d'air (11) de la sphère (1), un clapet de contrôle unidirectionnel étant agencé à l'intérieur du tube d'insufflation (2). Selon l'invention, le clapet de contrôle unidirectionnel comprend une cavité cylindrique (22), qui est aménagée dans le tube d'insufflation (2) et présente un diamètre supérieur à celui du trou débouchant (21) d'insufflation d'air, et une plaque formant clapet (23), qui est aménagée dans la cavité cylindrique (22) et présente un diamètre supérieur à celui du trou débouchant (21) d'insufflation d'air et inférieur à celui de la cavité cylindrique (22) ; la plaque ...

A SEAT IRON STAND TO BE PASSED BY AGAIN.

ROTOR WITH ASYMMETRICAL SPACING OF BLADES

Un appareil de turbine qui comprend un rotor (30) avec une section de moyeu (32) définie autour d'un axe de rotation (A) et une pluralité de pales fixées à la section de moyeu (32). La pluralité de pales comprend un premier groupe comportant un premier espacement angulaire (S1) dans un premier secteur circonférentiel (38A) du rotor (30), et un second groupe comportant un second espacement angulaire (S2) dans un second secteur circonférentiel (38B) du rotor (30). Le premier espacement angulaire (S1) est différent du second espacement angulaire (S2), et les pales de rotor sont asymétriques autour de l'axe de rotation (A).

Method and apparatus for signal splitting and combining

A method and apparatus for splitting an asynchronous signal are provided. The method includes: buffering, according to frame sequence, an asynchronous signal to be split; and sending n frames of data respectively on n channels in parallel whenever n frames of data have been buffered, where n is a ratio of a rate level of the asynchronous signal before split to that of the asynchronous signal after split. A method and apparatus for signal combination are provided. The method includes: buffering n channels of parallel signals to be combined simultaneously according to frame sequence; and sending n channels of frames serially after one frame is buffered for each of the n channels of the parallel signals; wherein n is a ratio of a rate level of the parallel signals after combined to a rate level of the parallel signals before combined.

Method and apparatus for group leader selection in wireless multicast service

In a telecommunication system comprising a multicast group (110) and a base station (200), a signal performance value (304) is received from at least two members of the multicast group (110) to generate a set of signal performance values (306). A group leader (310) of the multicast group (110) is selected as a function of the set of signal performance values (306) to acknowledge multicast transmissions from the base station (200) to the multicast group (110).

Conversion of aromatic hydrocarbons

A process for the transalkylation of an aromatic feedstock containing a benzene component and a polyalkylated aromatic component comprising at least one polyalkyl aromatic compound of at least nine carbon atoms. The feedstock is supplied to a reaction zone containing a metal modified zeolite transalkylation catalyst. The reaction zone is operated under conditions providing an equivalent conversion of pure toluene in the presence of the catalyst within the range of 40-55%, resulting in a transalkylated product with a reduced polyalkyl benzene content and an enhance monoalkyl benzene content relative to the transalkylation feedstock. In continued operation of the transalkylation reaction zone, at least one of the reaction conditions of temperature, pressure, and space velocity is adjusted in order to maintain a constant reaction severity to provide a desired equivalent conversion of toluene within a tolerance range of ±2%. Specifically, the temperature is progressively increased while continuing ...

Network quality determining method and apparatus and storage medium

A network quality determining method includes, when experience quality represented by a customer experience index of a target user within a first time period is lower than experience quality represented by a customer experience index threshold, determining, using a first parameter value that is of a network key performance indicator (KPI) parameter of the target user within a second time period and that is collected by a collection device in a carrier network, a second parameter value of the network KPI parameter of the target user within the second time period in a home network, and when network quality represented by the second parameter value of the network KPI parameter is lower than network quality represented by a first threshold corresponding to the network KPI parameter in the home network, determining that quality of the home network is poor.

Organic photosensitive devices comprising aryl squaraines and methods of making the same

There is disclosed squaraine compounds of formula I: wherein each of Y1and Y2is independently chosen from an optionally substituted amino group and an optionally substituted aryl group. Also described are organic optoelectronic devices comprising a Donor-Acceptor heterojunction that is formed from one or more of the squaraine compounds. A method of making the disclosed device, which may include one or more sublimation step for depositing said squaraine compound, is also disclosed.

SYSTEM FOR ADJUSTING BRUSH SEAL SEGMENTS IN A TURBOMACHINE

Eyeglasses for correction of vision, have glasses with bore holes, where screw is screwed into bore hole of each glass, so that screw passes through both end region of attachment part and part of glass between notch and front face of glass

La présente invention porte sur des lunettes comportant des moyens de montage destinés à relier les verres (1) à la monture, lesquels moyens de montage comprennent une encoche (12) ménagée dans le verre (1) et s'étendant à partir de la tranche (11) du verre vers une partie centrale de celui-ci, une pièce d'attache (2) dont la région d'extrémité (21) est engagée dans l'encoche (12) et portée à l'extrémité avant de la branche, et une vis (3) vissée dans des trous de perçage réalisés dans la partie du verre comprise entre l'encoche (12) et la face avant (13) du verre et l'extrémité (21) de la pièce d'attache, de telle sorte que les verres sont reliés solidement à la monture et que l'extrémité de la tige de la vis ne débouche pas sur la face arrière du verre, empêchant une blessure du porteur de lunettes.

TRIMMING Of ASPIRATION MECHANICAL AND PROCESS ASSOCIATES

La garniture d'aspiration mécanique (16) comprend une garniture primaire (21), une garniture secondaire (58) et un dispositif de précontrainte (48). La garniture primaire (21) comprend un premier composant de garniture (18) et un deuxième composant de garniture (20). Le premier composant de garniture (18) est configuré pour être fixé à un rotor (12) et pour tourner avec le rotor. La garniture secondaire (58) comprend une pluralité d'éléments souples et est configurée pour être disposée entre le deuxième composant de garniture (20) et un carter de stator (14). Un dispositif de précontrainte (48) est relié au deuxième composant de garniture (20), de manière à ce que le deuxième composant de garniture (20) soit mis sous précontrainte suivant une direction axiale, dans le sens opposé au premier composant de garniture (18), dans un état de repos.

JOINTS OF Overall SEGMENTS Of SEALING

METHOD FOR PREDICTING CATALYST PERFORMANCE

A method of predicting the catalytic performance of a multi-site catalyst comprising reducing a control catalyst of known catalytic performance as a function of temperature, quantifying the different catalyst sites in the control catalyst to determine a ratio of desirable catalyst sites to undesirable catalyst sites, reducing a sample catalyst of unknown catalytic performance as a function of temperature, quantifying the different catalyst sites in the sample catalyst to determine a ratio of desirable catalyst sites to undesirable catalyst sites, and comparing the ratio desirable catalyst sites to undesirable catalyst sites in the control catalyst to the ratio of desirable catalyst sites to undesirable catalyst sites in the sample catalyst.

ROTARY APPARATUS AIR INJECTION WITH A DUST COLLECTING HOOD

SYSTEM AND PROCESS OF DETECTION PER FIBEROPTIC OF MULTIPLE PARAMETERS Of a SYSTEM OF TURBOSHAFT ENGINE.

ELECTRIC TOOTHBRUSH HEAD

JOINT BRUSHES SEALING

Joint brosse d'étanchéité (90) et segment (30A) de joint brosse destinés à servir dans un dispositif rotatif (100). Dans une forme de réalisation, l'invention propose un joint brosse d'étanchéité (90) comprenant : une pluralité de segments (30A) de joint brosse, chaque segment comprenant : une protection arquée (40A) ; une plaque de support arquée ayant, dans la direction circonférentielle, sensiblement la même extension que la protection arquée (40A), la plaque de support arquée ayant une première extrémité et une seconde extrémité ; et une pluralité de poils (70A) de joint brosse entre la plaque de support arquée et la protection arquée (40A), la pluralité de poils (70A) de joint brosse étant obliques par rapport à un axe radial (R) de la plaque de support arquée et à au moins une des première extrémité et seconde extrémité de la plaque de support arquée ; et un élément statique (20) auquel est fixé au moins un segment de la pluralité de segments (30A) de joint brosse.

CORROSION RESISTANT COATINGS AND WEAR

Selon un aspect, le présent document décrit des articles composites comprenant des gainages résistants à l'usure qui présentent une résistance à la corrosion améliorée. Un article composite décrit dans le présent document comprend, selon certains modes de réalisation, un substrat en un métal ou alliage et un gainage adhérant au substrat, le gainage comprenant des particules de carbure cémenté et un additif d'alliage dispersés dans une matrice d'alliage à base de nickel, l'additif d'alliage comprenant du cuivre et/ou du molybdène.

METHOD, SYSTEM, AND DEVICE FOR TRANSMITTING DATA IN OPTICAL TRANSPORT NETWORK

A method, a system, and a device for transmitting data in an OTN are disclosed herein. The method for transmitting data in an OTN includes: mapping the at least one pair of ODU0's to an ODTU to form an ODTUvkt, wherein k is greater than or equal to 1, t is 2 or 3, and an external structure of the ODTUvkt is the same as an external structure of an ODTUkt; and mapping the ODTUvkt to timeslot i and timeslot i+n of a 1.25 G ODUt, indicating the type of at least one pair of ODU0's carried in timeslot i to be ODUk, and transmitting the ODUk to a destination node.

CONVERSION OF AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS

A process for the transalkylation of an aromatic feedstock containing a benzene component and a polyalkylated aromatic component comprising at least one polyalkyl aromatic compound of at least nine carbon atoms. The feedstock is supplied to a reaction zone containing a metal modified zeolite transalkylation catalyst. The reaction zone is operated under conditions providing an equivalent conversion of pure toluene in the presence of the catalyst within the range of 40-55%, resulting in a transalkylated product with a reduced polyalkyl benzene content and an enhance monoalkyl benzene content relative to the transalkylation feedstock. In continued operation of the transalkylation reaction zone, at least one of the reaction conditions of temperature, pressure, and space velocity is adjusted in order to maintain a constant reaction severity to provide a desired equivalent conversion of toluene within a tolerance range of ±2%. Specifically, the temperature is progressively increased while continuing ...

Memory anomaly detection method and device

A method includes obtaining a first memory log, where the first memory log includes log information of a plurality of garbage collections, and log information of each garbage collection includes a garbage collection time, and includes at least one of a downtime, memory usage after garbage collection, and memory usage before garbage collection, obtaining, based on log information in a first detection time window, first statistical information corresponding to the first detection time window, and determining, based on the first statistical information corresponding to the first detection time window, an anomaly degree corresponding to the log information in the first detection time window.

BRUSH HEAD FOR AN ELECTRIC TOOTHBRUSH

Le modèle d'utilité peut fournir une tête de brosse à dents électrique, y compris la tige de brosse, la brosse à tête ronde et la tige de pendule; l'équipement se balance gauche et droite de la brosse à tête ronde est dans l'extrémité de la tige de la brosse; la tige de pendule est fixé dans le montage de la tige de brosse; L'extrémité inférieure de la brosse à tête ronde est munie d'un dispositif de positionnement, y compris l'axe de positionnement, le manchon et la première broche de positionnement; l'axe de positionnement et le manchon installent adaptatif dans la brosse à tête ronde, une extrémité de la tige de pendule est insérée dans la brosse à tête ronde, une autre est fixé sur le moteur électrique; une extrémité de la première broche de positionnement est fixé sur la brosse à tête ronde, une autre est fixé sur la tige de la brosse. Pour ce modèle d'utilité, le structure est simple, il est facile de monter et démonter et pratique de nettoyer les dents.

ROTARY APPARATUS SPRAY AND ROTARY GUIDE STRUCTURE THEREFOR

Un appareil rotatif de pulvérisation inclut un ensemble de tuyau rotatif et une structure rotative guide. L'ensemble de tuyau rotatif inclut en outre un tuyau fixe et un tuyau rotatif. Le tuyau rotatif pénètre télescopiquement à l'intérieur du tuyau fixe. La structure rotative guide inclut en outre un corps principal guide et un obturateur de commande de fluide. Le corps principal guide a une partie d'engagement de tuyau et une partie de logement, dans laquelle la partie d'engagement de tuyau est fixée au tuyau rotatif et la partie de logement ayant une cuve de logement est connectée de façon intégrale avec la partie d'engagement de tuyau. L'obturateur de commande de fluide est monté de façon fixe à l'intérieur de la cuve de logement et a au moins une rainure guide hélicoïdale. La rainure guide hélicoïdale associe la cuve de logement pour former une chambre de pilotage de fluide, tandis que la chambre de pilotage de fluide est pénétrée par une ligne de pulvérisation.

DEVICE TO MAKE TURN A FIBEROPTIC AROUND ITS LONGITUDINAL AXIS AND ITS USE FOR FIBEROPTIC CONNECTION

BRUSH SEAL SEALING ROTATING AND TURBOMACHINE COMPRISING SUCH A BRUSH SEAL

A SEAT IRON STAND TO BE PASSED BY AGAIN.

Siège porte-fer à repasser, qui comporte un siège et un panneau d'isolation thermique. Le panneau d'isolation thermique sert à poser un fer à repasser, le siège et le panneau d'isolation thermique constituent la connexion rotative. En plus, entre le siège et le panneau d'isolation thermique, on installe une unité d'ajustage d'angle servant à régler et localiser l'angle de rotation relative entre le siège et le panneau d'isolation thermique. Grâce à la connexion rotative entre le panneau d'isolation thermique et le siège, et à l'angle de rotation relative entre le panneau d'isolation thermique et le siège réglé et localisé par l'unité d'ajustage d'angle, après que les consommateurs règlent le panneau d'isolation thermique pour l'angle convenable ou préféré, le fer à repasser peut être posé sur le panneau d'isolation thermique commodément. Par conséquent, le produit est plus pratique, plus commode, plus applicable, et peut satisfaire les consommateurs divers, et être facile à encaisser et ...

JOINED SEALING BRUSH HAS

Joint à brosse (200) comportant un carter (205) de brosse ayant une plaque arrière (230) et une plaque avant (235), une première couche de poils (212) disposée de manière adjacente à la plaque arrière, au moins un poil de la première couche de poils ayant un premier diamètre. Une deuxième couche de poils (214) est disposée de manière adjacente à la première couche de poils, et au moins un poil de la deuxième couche de poils a un deuxième diamètre. Une troisième couche de poils (216) est disposée de manière adjacente à la deuxième couche de poils, et au moins un poil de la troisième couche de poils a un troisième diamètre. Le premier diamètre et le troisième diamètre sont plus grands que le deuxième diamètre.

TOGETHER Of SEALING FOR TURBOSHAFT ENGINE HAVING MEANS OF LIMITATION OF the MOVEMENTS OF TORSION

A seal assembly for a turbomachine is provided. The seal assembly includes multiple arcuate packing ring segments disposed intermediate to a stationary housing and a rotatable element about an axis. The seal assembly further includes multiple flexures mechanically coupled to the stationary housing and the multiple arcuate packing ring segments, wherein the multiple flexures are attached to the stationary housing and the arcuate packing ring segments at positions predetermined to control packing ring twist under differential pressure conditions.

High efficiency small molecule tandem photovoltaic devices

A high efficiency small molecule tandem solar cell is disclosed. The tandem cell may include a first subcell comprising a first photoactive region and a second subcell comprising a second photoactive region. The first and second photoactive regions are designed to minimize spectral overlap and maximize photocurrent. The device may further include an interconnecting layer, disposed between the first subcell and the second subcell, that is at least substantially transparent.

Process for the reduction of alkylation catalyst deactivation utilizing low silica to alumina ratio catalyst

Alkylation systems and methods of minimizing alkylation catalyst regeneration are described herein. The alkylation systems generally include a preliminary alkylation system adapted to receive an input stream including an alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon and contact the input stream with a preliminary alkylation catalyst disposed therein to form a first output stream. The preliminary alkylation catalyst generally includes a zeolite catalyst having a SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of less than about 25. The alkylation systems further include a first alkylation system adapted to receive the first output stream and contact the first output stream with a first alkylation catalyst disposed therein and an alkylating agent to form a second output stream.

Fault Root Cause Determining Method and Apparatus, and Computer Storage Medium

In a fault root cause determining method, a management device obtains a fault feature of a target network in which a fault occurs. The fault feature is determined based on a knowledge graph of the target network in which the fault occurs. The knowledge graph includes a network entity and an abnormal event entity. The abnormal event entity is connected to an abnormal network entity. The abnormal network entity is a network entity that generates an abnormal event in the target network. The abnormal event entity is configured to indicate the abnormal event generated by the abnormal network entity. A type of the network entity is a network device, an interface, a protocol, or a service. The management device determines a fault root cause of the target network based on the fault feature.

Ein Papierbienenwabe-Eckschutz und das Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Papierbienenwabe-Eckschutz und das Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung. Der erfindungsgemäße Papierbienenwabe-Eckschutz umfasst eine Wabenplatte (1), welche aus der ersten Schutzplatte (11) und der zweiten Schutzplatte (12) besteht, die gemäß der Sägezahnform geschnitten geworden sind und miteinander übereinstimmen können, die mit der Sägezahnform entsprechende Kante der ersten Schutzplatte (11) ist mit der mit der Sägezahnform entsprechenden Kante der zweiten Schutzplatte (12) verbunden, die sägezahnförmige Kante der ersten Schutzplatte (11) ist eine freie Kante und die sägezahnförmige Kante der zweiten Schutzplatte (12) ist eine freie Kante. Der Winkel zwischen der Ebene der ersten Schutzplatte (11) und der zweiten Schutzplatte (12) liegt zwischen 0 und 180 Grad. Der erfindungsgemäße Papierbienenwabe-Eckschutz weist eine einfache Struktur auf, somit kann eine leichte und einfache Verpackung realisiert werden, außerdem können die Rohstoffe ausgenutzt ...

INTERDENTAL BRUSH ELECTRIC

Le modèle d'utilité peut fournir une brosse interdentaire électrique, y compris la bielle, l'arbre, le manchon, le manchon fixé, le ressort, le manchon de verrouillage et la brosse interdentaire pour nettoyer la plaque dentaire; le manchon fixé est installé dans la cannelure de la partie frontale de la bielle; le manchon est fixé dans la bielle, l'arbre traverse le manchon et le manchon fixé s'accorde avec l'espace de la paroi latérale de la bielle; le manchon de verrouillage glisse en haut et en bas sur le manchon fixé; le ressort est installé entre le manchon fixé et le manchon de verrouillage; la brosse interdentaire démontable est installée sur le manchon fixé; le bas de la brosse interdentaire est muni du premier renflement, le manchon fixé est muni des vacuoles qui s'accordent avec le premier renflement; une autre extrémité de l'arbre est connectée avec le moteur électrique. Pour ce modèle d'utilité, la structure est simple, la brosse interdentaire en utilisant le moteur est facile ...

ROTARY APPARATUS SPRAY AND ROTARY GUIDE STRUCTURE THEREFOR

THE LASER COMPONENT BUILT

Un composant laser est fourni, incluant un milieu laser (10) et un organe transparent de transmission de chaleur (20), dont l'un au moins est un oxyde. Les surfaces de liaison du milieu laser (10) et de l'organe transparent de transmission de chaleur (20) sont exposées à un plasma d'oxygène, et ensuite les surfaces de liaison sont mises en contact sans chauffage. Le milieu laser (10) et l'organe transparent de transmission de chaleur (20) sont liés à des niveaux atomiques, leur résistance thermique est faible, et aucune contrainte résiduelle importante n'est générée du fait que la liaison a lieu à la température normale. Le processus d'exposition à un plasma d'oxygène garantit la transparence de leur interface de liaison. Le milieu laser (10) et l'organe transparent de transmission de chaleur (20) sont liés de manière stable par l'intermédiaire d'une couche amorphe.

ADDITIVE AND PROCESS FOR the TERMINATION Of a POLYMERIZATION AND/OR REDUCTION OF the VISCOSITY Of a POLYMER SOLUTION

Selon l'invention, l'additif comprend A un acide carboxylique, B un alcool, C un sel qui est choisi dans le groupe constitué par un sel de métal alcalin, un sel de métal alcalino-terreux, un sel d'ammonium et un de leurs mélanges ; et E éventuellement de l'eau. Le procédé de la présente invention comprend l'ajout de l'additif selon la présente invention à une solution de polymère et le mélange homogène du mélange résultant. L'additif de la présente invention permet de terminer efficacement des extrémités de chaînes polymères vivantes et permet de détruire des centres actifs catalytiques. Par ailleurs, l'additif de la présente invention permet de réduire sensiblement la viscosité d'une solution de polymère.

HEAT TRANSFER MODULE ASSOCIATED WITH REGULATION FOR THERMODYNAMIC SYSTEM OF PRODUCING DOMESTIC HOT WATER

Memory Anomaly Detection Method and Device

A memory anomaly detection method and device are provided. The method includes: obtaining a first memory log, where the first memory log includes log information of a plurality of garbage collections, and log information of each garbage collection includes a garbage collection time, and includes at least one of a downtime, memory usage after garbage collection, and memory usage before garbage collection; obtaining, based on log information in a first detection time window, first statistical information corresponding to the first detection time window; and determining, based on the first statistical information corresponding to the first detection time window, an anomaly degree corresponding to the log information in the first detection time window. It can be learned that by implementing the method described in the embodiments of this application, accuracy of a detection result of a memory anomaly degree is improved.

MINIATURE CIRCUIT BREAKER-PARAMETER FOR BLOCKING A CURRENT FREQUENCY ELECTRIC

L'invention concerne le domaine des disjoncteurs et décrit deux types de disjoncteurs miniatures à paramètres pour bloquer des courants de fréquence électrique. Les disjoncteurs miniatures à paramètres comprennent des mécanismes déclencheurs, des contacts mobiles et des contacts fixes ; les contacts mobiles et fixes sont agencés sur les circuits principaux des disjoncteurs et les mécanismes déclencheurs sont reliés aux contacts mobiles. Le premier type de disjoncteur comprend un capteur de courant et un électroaimant, le capteur de courant étant utilisé pour détecter le courant d'un circuit principal ; le second type comprend un espace de décharge et un électroaimant en parallèle. Les disjoncteurs miniatures à paramètres sont également appelés déconnecteurs externes SPD permettant à un courant de foudre de traverser dans un mode sélectif sans fausse action et se déclencher quand le courant de fréquence électrique passe, l'incendie d'un SPD est empêché et le SPD est protégé contre une surtension ...

A BRUSH SEAL COMPRISING A BEARING PLATE HAVING A TOOTH

BRUSH HEAD FOR AN ELECTRIC TOOTHBRUSH

Le modèle d'utilité peut fournir une tête de brosse à dents électrique, y compris la tige de brosse, la brosse à tête carrée, la première broche de positionnement, la tige de pendule, l'anneau décoratif et la deuxième broche de positionnement; la tige de pendule est fixé dans le montage de la tige de brosse, la brosse à tête carrée est installé sur l'extrémité de la tige de brosse, une extrémité de la tige de pendule est insérée dans la brosse à tête carrée et coopère avec l'espace de la brosse à tête carrée, une autre est connecté avec le moteur électrique, réalise la tige de pendule se balance gauche et droite; une extrémité de la première broche de positionnement est fixé sur la tige de pendule, une autre est fixé sur la tige de la brosse; l'anneau décoratif est installé sur l'extrémité de la tige de brosse. Pour ce modèle d'utilité, le structure est simple, il est facile de monter et démonter et pratique de nettoyer les dents.

SEAL

Joint d'étanchéité comportant un groupe (600) de poils avec une première couche de poils (612) et une deuxième couche de poils (614). Le groupe de poils a au moins une extrémité (601, 602) de segment. La première couche de poils (612) est conçue de manière à sensiblement entourer la deuxième couche de poils (614), et au moins un poil de la première couche de poils (612) a un premier diamètre. La deuxième couche de poils (614) est située sensiblement dans une partie centrale du groupe de poils, et au moins un poil de la deuxième couche de poils (614) a un deuxième diamètre. Le premier diamètre est plus grand que le deuxième diamètre, et la première couche de poils (612) située près de la/des extrémité(s) de segment(s) est conçue de manière à protéger la deuxième couche de poils (614) située près de la/des extrémités (601, 602) de segment(s).

LASER DEVICE AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME

Il est mis à disposition une technique qui convient pour joindre une surface d'extrémité d'un milieu laser (8) à un dissipateur thermique transparent (2) pour maintenir faible la résistance thermique entre eux et pour éviter l'action d'une forte contrainte thermique sur le milieu laser (8). Un revêtement d'extrémité (6) est disposé sur la surface d'extrémité du milieu laser (8), une couche du même matériau (4), constituée du même matériau que le dissipateur thermique (2), est disposée sur une surface du revêtement d'extrémité (6), une surface de la couche du même matériau (4) et une surface d'extrémité du dissipateur thermique (2) sont activées dans un environnement sensiblement sous vide, et ces surfaces activées sont collées dans l'environnement sensiblement sous vide. Un dispositif laser ayant une faible résistance thermique entre le milieu laser (8) et le dissipateur thermique (2) ainsi qu'une transparence élevée au niveau de l'interface de jonction entre eux, et sans forte contrainte ...

SYSTEM AND a METHOD FOR CARRYING out the SEALING Of a WAY Of FLOW

Un procédé pour assurer l'étanchéité d'un trajet d'écoulement (406) entre un élément fixe (414) et un élément tournant (432) d'une turbomachine peut comporter la disposition d'au moins un accessoire de montage (402) sur une surface intérieure d'un élément fixe (414) associé à la turbomachine ; la disposition d'un anneau de garniture (404) relié à l'accessoire de montage (402) par un élément élastique (412), l'anneau de garniture (404) ayant au moins un alésage (410) ; et la disposition, suivant un profil prédéterminé, d'une pluralité de dents (426) d'anneau de garniture et de dents (428) de rotor imbriquées les unes dans les autres entre l'anneau de garniture et l'élément tournant ; l'alésage (410), les dents (426) de l'anneau de garniture et les dents (428) du rotor coopérant pour contrarier un moment associé à une ou plusieurs forces axiales.

OPTICAL LINK FAULT IDENTIFICATION METHOD, APPARATUS AND SYSTEM

This application provides an optical link fault identification method, and relate to the field of communications technologies. The method includes: obtaining performance data of a network device, extracting a feature parameter of the performance data, and identifying a fault mode on an optical link based on the feature parameter. The method resolves problems of a difficulty in fault identification and slow troubleshooting that are caused by a large quantity of devices, many line faults, and a difficulty in obtaining manual troubleshooting cases. In addition, a fault can be quickly identified when the fault occurs, improving troubleshooting efficiency. When an optical link risk does not cause a fault, deterioration of the performance data can be found in advance based on a feature, to perform identification and warning.

Palladium modified metal-promoted catalyst

Processes for the conversion of an aromatic substrate over a mordenite catalyst modified by the inclusion of nickel and a second Group 10 metal selected from palladium, platinum and mixtures thereof. A feedstock containing at least one aromatic compound is brought into contact with the catalyst under conditions effective for the conversion of the aromatic compound to at least one derivative product. The resulting reaction product is then removed from the modified mordenite catalyst. The conversion reaction includes a toluene disproportionation reaction in which the feedstock contains toluene and the product recovered from the catalyst contains benzene and xylene. The conversion reaction can also involve a transalkylation reaction in which a mixture of benzene and xylene is brought into contact with the nickel and palladium-modified mordenite to produce a product which contains a monoalkyl benzene. The conversion can also involve the methylation of benzene to produce toluene or the methylation ...

Decontamination of tritiated water

Methods and systems directed to the separation of tritium from an aqueous stream are described. The separation method is a multi-stage method that includes a first stage during which tritium of a tritium-contaminated aqueous stream is adsorbed onto a separation phase, a second stage during which the adsorbed tritium is exchanged with hydrogen in a gaseous stream to provide a gaseous stream with a high tritium concentration, and a third stage during which the tritium of the gaseous stream is separated from the gaseous stream as a gaseous tritium product.

TIME-SENSITIVE DATA TAGGING

A system for tagging transactions is disclosed. The system receives a tagging notice for tagging transactions that will occur within a future time window. The tagging notice includes a notification to create a transaction tag and a pre-determined time window associated with the transaction tag. In response to the tagging notice, the system creates the transaction tag. When receiving new transactions after creating the transaction tag, the system compares a timestamp of the new transaction to the pre-determined time window specified in the tagging notice. If the timestamp of the new transaction falls within the pre-determined time window, the system associates the new transaction with the transaction tag.

Selection Methods of Self-Pollination and Normal Cross Pollination in Poplation, Variety of Crops

The invention relates to the field of crop selection and crop breeding, particularly to selection methods for breeding colony varieties of crops involving self-pollination and normal cross-pollination. Selection methods include crossing male parents with female parents to obtain crop populations, wherein the female parents are individual plants in a segregation population or self-crossed descendants of early segregation generations, said segregation population obtained by hybridizing pairs of parental plants with different desired characteristics to produce population F1, and then hybridizing pairs of F1 one more time. The male parents are homozygous breeding lines, varieties, F1, heterozygous plants in the segregation generations or individual plants produced in the same manner as for the female group. Crop populations and colony varieties of crops display characteristics of consistency, stability, specificity, disease resistance, high yield, and high adaptability while permitting farmers ...

Highly dispersed metal catalyst

A supported catalyst having an atomic level single atom structure is provided such that substantially all the catalyst is available for catalytic function. A process of forming a single atom catalyst unto a porous catalyst support is also provided.

SERVICE TRANSMISSION PROCESSING METHOD, NODE DEVICE AND NETWORK SYSTEM

Embodiments of the present invention disclose a service transmission processing method, a node device and a network system are provided. One method includes: receiving service data after relay processing by a 3R relay node, where the relay processing includes terminating and regenerating an Optical Channel (OCh) of the service data, and when the OCh is terminated, transparent transmission is performed on an Optical channel Transport Unit (OTU); and performing defect detection on a path of the OTU to obtain a detection result of the path of the OTU. Another method includes: obtaining an overhead in an Optical Transport Network (OTN) frame; and judging whether the overhead includes a Client Signal Fail (CSF) inserted after a signal fails, and if the overhead includes the CSF, determining a path where a defect occurs according to the CSF.

Highly efficient small molecule multi-junction organic photovoltaic cells

A highly efficient multi junction photovoltaic device, such as a two, three, or four junction device, is disclosed. The multi-junction device may include a first subcell comprising a first photoactive region and a second subcell comprising a second photoactive region. The first and second photoactive regions are designed to minimize spectral overlap and maximize photocurrent across a broad absorption spectra, such as wavelengths ranging from 400 nm to 900 nm. The device may further include an inter-connecting layer, disposed between the first subcell and the second subcell, that is at least substantially transparent. By introducing a transparent interconnecting layer, a dual element (tandem) cell achieves a power conversion efficiency of 10.0±0.5%. By adding an additional (3rd) sub-cell that absorbs at the second order optical interference maximum within the stack. The triple junction cell significantly improves the quantum efficiency at shorter wavelengths, achieving a power conversion ...

Ein Papierbienenwabe-Eckschutz und das Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Papierbienenwabe-Eckschutz und das Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung. Der erfindungsgemäße Papierbienenwabe-Eckschutz umfasst eine Wabenplatte (1), welche aus der ersten Schutzplatte (11) und der zweiten Schutzplatte (12) besteht, die gemäß der Sägezahnform geschnitten geworden sind und miteinander übereinstimmen können, die mit der Sägezahnform entsprechende Kante der ersten Schutzplatte (11) ist mit der mit der Sägezahnform entsprechenden Kante der zweiten Schutzplatte (12) verbunden, die sägezahnförmige Kante der ersten Schutzplatte (11) ist eine freie Kante und die sägezahnförmige Kante der zweiten Schutzplatte (12) ist eine freie Kante. Der Winkel zwischen der Ebene der ersten Schutzplatte (11) und der zweiten Schutzplatte (12) liegt zwischen 0 und 180 Grad. Der erfindungsgemäße Papierbienenwabe-Eckschutz weist eine einfache Struktur auf, somit kann eine leichte und einfache Verpackung realisiert werden, außerdem können die Rohstoffe ausgenutzt ...

Toluene disproportionation process utilizing mild sulfiding during startup

A process for the disproportionation of toluene over a nickel-modified mordenite catalyst which has been pretreated with mild sulfiding procedure. The sulfur dose is employed in a minor amount relative to the nickel content of the catalyst. The modified mordenite catalyst is contacted with a sulfur-containing compound such as hydrogen sulfide or dimethyldisulfide (DMDS) under pretreatment conditions involving a temperature of at least 100° C. The sulfur-containing compound is employed in a relatively small amount to passivate only a minor portion of the active nickel sites. A toluene-containing feedstock is brought into contact with the pretreated catalyst under conditions effective for the disproportionation of toluene and a disproportionation product is removed from contact with the catalyst. The mordenite catalyst contains nickel in an amount within the range of 0.1-2 wt. %. The catalyst may contain another metal such as palladium or platinum, or a lanthanide series metal such as lanthanum ...

Techniques for receiving DFT spreading modulation signals

Techniques for receiving a modulated optical signal which has undergone a digital Fourier transform spreading (DFTS), include generating digital samples of the modulated optical signal, performing resampling and synchronization of the digital samples to generate time-corrected digital samples from an input wireless signal, compensating the time-corrected digital samples for nonlinearity (NL) to produce NL-compensated digital samples, de-spreading the NL-compensated digital samples using an inverse digital Fourier transform to recover quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) modulated signals, applying post-equalization to the QAM signals to generate equalized QAM signals, performing a decision directed least mean square (DD-LMS) equalization to generate blind-optimized QAM signals and demodulating the blind-optimized QAM signals to recover data bits.

Apparatus and process for separating hydrogen isotopes

The apparatus and process for separating hydrogen isotopes is provided using dual columns, each column having an opposite hydrogen isotopic effect such that when a hydrogen isotope mixture feedstock is cycled between the two respective columns, two different hydrogen isotopes are separated from the feedstock.

Method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving interface signals of distributed base station

The disclosures provide a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving interface signals of a distributed base station. At least one channel of Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) signals of a distributed base station are encapsulated into optical transport unit x (OTUx) signals in a frame structure of OTUx by adopting Generic Mapping Procedure (GMP) mapping scheme, wherein the x represents a transmission capacity and wherein the OTUx is adopted for providing a bandwidth required by the at least one channel of CPRI signals, and then the OTUx signals that bear the at least one channel of CPRI signals are sent.

Method and Device for Realizing Optical Channel Data Unit Shared Protection Ring

A method and a device for realizing an optical channel data unit (ODU) shared protection ring (SPRing) are disclosed. The method includes: first, receive an ODUj, wherein the ODUj carries an ODUi; then, perform de-multiplexing processing to obtain the ODUi from the ODUj; next, multiplex the ODUi to an optical channel data unit k (ODUk); meanwhile, keep monitoring the ODUk; and when the monitoring result that is obtained through monitoring the ODUk indicates that a failure has occurred, perform a switching on the ODUi; wherein i, j, k are integers equal to or larger than 0, k is larger than j, j is larger than i, and i, j, k are used to indicate different rates of respective optical channel data unit (ODU) signals.

Method and device for realizing optical channel data unit shared protection ring

A method and a device for realizing an optical channel data unit (ODU) shared protection ring (SPRing) are disclosed by the present invention. The method includes: first, receive an ODUj, wherein the ODUj carries an ODUi; then, perform de-multiplexing processing to obtain the ODUi from the ODUj; next, multiplex the ODUi to an optical channel data unit k (ODUk); meanwhile, keep monitoring the ODUk; and when the monitoring result that is obtained through monitoring the ODUk indicates that a failure has occurred, perform a switching on the ODUi; wherein i, j, k are integers equal to or larger than 0, k is larger than j, j is larger than i, and i, j, k are used to indicate different rates of respective optical channel data unit (ODU) signals.

Use of inverse quasi-epitaxy to modify order during post-deposition processing of organic photovoltaics

Disclosed herein are methods for fabricating an organic photovoltaic device comprising depositing an amorphous organic layer and a crystalline organic layer over a first electrode, wherein the amorphous organic layer and the crystalline organic layer contact one another at an interface; annealing the amorphous organic layer and the crystalline organic layer for a time sufficient to induce at least partial crystallinity in the amorphous organic layer; and depositing a second electrode over the amorphous organic layer and the crystalline organic layer. In the methods and devices herein, the amorphous organic layer may comprise at least one material that undergoes inverse-quasi epitaxial (IQE) alignment to a material of the crystalline organic layer as a result of the annealing.

Method and Apparatus for Determining Status of Network Device

A method and an apparatus for determining a status of a network device are provided. A warning analysis device obtains a plurality of pieces of target key performance indicator KPI data of the network device within preset duration, processes the plurality of pieces of target KPI data to generate an element, forms the feature vector by using generated elements corresponding to the plurality of pieces of feature information, and analyzes the feature vector based on a preset warning analysis model, to determine the status of the network device. In this way, the status of the network device is determined by analyzing a plurality of pieces of target KPI data within a period of time, instead of by using only data at a moment. This improves the accuracy of determining the network device, so as to reduce an omission of a warning.

Method and apparatus for obtaining ODN logical topology information, device, and storage medium

Embodiments of this application provide a method and an apparatus for obtaining optical distribution network (ODN) logical topology information, a device, and a storage medium. The method includes: obtaining identification information of each first ONU that is connected to a first passive optical network (PON) port and whose optical path changes and feature data of the first ONU in a first time window, where the feature data includes receive optical power and/or an alarm event; obtaining, based on the feature data of each first ONU, a feature vector corresponding to each first ONU; and performing cluster analysis on the feature vector corresponding to each first ONU, to obtain topology information corresponding to the first PON port. ONU topology information is obtained by analyzing an ONU feature.

Process for the Reduction of Alkylation Catalyst Deactivation

Alkylation systems and methods of minimizing alkylation catalyst regeneration are described herein. The alkylation systems generally include a preliminary alkylation system adapted to receive an input stream including an alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon and contact the input stream with a preliminary alkylation catalyst disposed therein to form a first output stream. The preliminary alkylation catalyst generally includes a zeolite catalyst having a SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of less than about 25. The alkylation systems further include a first alkylation system adapted to receive the first output stream and contact the first output stream with a first alkylation catalyst disposed therein and an alkylating agent to form a second output stream.

Catalyst and Process for Hydrocarbon Conversions

A nickel-mordenite catalyst promoted with Rhodium that is useful in the conversion of hydrocarbons is disclosed. The catalyst and methods for its use can provide hydrocarbon conversion with an extended catalyst life as compared to nickel-mordenite catalyst not promoted with Rhodium.

ORGANIC PHOTOSENSITIVE DEVICES WITH EXCITON-BLOCKING CHARGE CARRIER FILTERS

Disclosed herein are organic photosensitive devices including at least one exciton-blocking charge carrier filter. The filters comprise a mixture of at least one wide energy gap material and at least one electron or hole conducting material. As described herein, the novel filters simultaneously block excitons and conduct the desired charge carrier (electrons or holes).

Manufacturing Method of Alignment Layer and Manufacturing Method of Display Substrate

A manufacturing method of an alignment layer and a manufacturing method of a display substrate are provided. The manufacturing method of the alignment layer includes: providing a display substrate on which a patterned structure is formed; applying the entire display substrate with wetting fluid, wherein the wetting fluid can be fused with alignment liquid; transferring the alignment liquid on the display substrate applied with the wetting fluid by a transfer roller; and curing the alignment liquid to form an alignment layer. The manufacturing method is used for producing the alignment layer on the display substrate.

Channel estimation using intra-symbol frequency domain averaging

A channel estimation technique suitable for implementation at a digital communication receiver such as an optical signal receiver apparatus includes receiving, over a communication channel, a transmission comprising a sequence of modulated symbols, estimating, at multiple frequencies, estimated values of a channel transfer function of the communication channel and selectively revising the estimated values of channel transfer function by reducing glitches in the estimated values of the channel transfer function.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DISPATCHING SIGNALS IN AN OPTICAL TRANSPORT NETWORK

Methods and apparatuses for dispatching OTN signals are disclosed. The method includes receiving an OTN signal frame; determining in sequence whether each byte in the OTN signal frame is an overhead byte; determining, if the byte is an overhead byte, whether the byte includes frame alignment data; and assigning, if the byte includes frame alignment data, the byte in sequence to a corresponding channel based on a sequence number of an OTN signal frame period, or storing, if the byte does not include frame alignment data, the byte in a buffer; or assigning, if the byte is not an overhead byte, the byte in sequence to a corresponding channel based on a location of the byte in the OTN signal frame.

STABLE ORGANIC PHOTOSENSITIVE DEVICES WITH EXCITON-BLOCKING CHARGE CARRIER FILTERS UTILIZING HIGH GLASS TRANSITION TEMPERATURE MATERIALS

Disclosed herein are stable organic photosensitive devices including at least one exciton-blocking charge carrier filter. The filters comprise a mixture of at least one wide energy gap material having a sufficiently high glass transition temperature, e.g., higher than the temperature or temperature range at which the device typically operates, higher than a highest operating temperature of the device, higher than a threshold temperature value, etc. and at least one electron or hole conducting material. As described herein, the novel filters simultaneously block excitons and conduct the desired charge carrier (electrons or holes).

Method and device for transmitting optical channel transport unit signal

A method and a device for transmitting an Optical Channel Transport Unit signal are disclosed in the present invention. The method includes: receiving an Optical Channel Transport Unit OTUk signal after photoelectric conversion; wrapping the OTUk signal into an Optical Channel Data Unit (ODU) signal; multiplexing and mapping the ODU signal to an Optical Channel Payload Unit OPUj signal, where the OPUj signal is a High Order signal of the ODU signal; and wrapping the OPUj signal into an ODUj signal and an OTUj signal, and sending the ODUj signal and the OTUj signal. Through the embodiments of the present invention, fully transparent transmission of an OTU signal can be implemented.

Methods of identifying agents that modulate phenotypes related to disruptions, of a gene encoding PRO235 polypeptide

The present invention relates to transgenic animals, as well as compositions and methods relating to the characterization of gene function. Specifically, the present invention provides transgenic mice comprising disruptions in PRO188, PRO235, PRO266, PRO337, PRO361, PRO539, PRO698, PRO717, PRO846, PRO874, PRO98346, PRO1082, PRO1097, PRO1192, PRO1268, PRO1278, PRO1303, PRO1308, PRO1338, PRO1378, PRO1415, PRO1867, PRO1890, PRO3438, PRO19835, PRO36915, PRO36029, PRO4999, PRO5778, PRO5997, PRO6079, PRO6090, PRO7178, PRO21184, PRO7434, PRO9822, PRO9833, PRO9836, PRO9854, PRO9862, PRO10284, PRO37510, PRO35444, PRO20473, PRO21054 or PRO35246 genes. Such in vivo studies and characterizations may provide valuable identification and discovery of therapeutics and/or treatments useful in the prevention, amelioration or correction of diseases or dysfunctions associated with gene disruptions such as neurological disorders; cardiovascular, endothelial or angiogenic disorders; cyc abnormalities; immunological disorders; oncological disorders; bone metabolic abnormalities or disorders; lipid metabolic disorders; or developmental abnormalities. 1149-. (canceled)150. A method of identifying an agent that modulates a phenotype associated with a disruption of the gene which encodes for a PRO235 polypeptide , the method comprising:(a) providing a non-human transgenic animal whose genome comprises a disruption of the gene which encodes for the PRO235 polypeptide;(b) measuring a physiological characteristic of the non-human transgenic animal of (a);(c) comparing the measured physiological characteristic of (b) with that of a gender matched wild-type animal, wherein the physiological characteristic of the non-human transgenic animal that differs from the physiological characteristic of the wild-type animal is identified as a phenotype resulting from the gene disruption in the non-human transgenic animal;(d) administering a test agent to the non-human transgenic animal of (a); and(e) ...

NOVEL GENE DISRUPTIONS, COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS RELATING THERETO

The present invention relates to transgenic animals, as well as compositions and methods relating to the characterization of gene function. Specifically, the present invention provides transgenic mice comprising disruptions in PRO69122, PRO204, PRO214, PRO222, PRO234, PRO265, PRO309, PRO332, PRO342, PRO356, PRO540, PRO618, PRO944, PRO994, PRO1079, PRO1110, PRO1122, PRO1138, PRO1190, PRO1272, PRO1286, PRO1295, PRO1309, PRO1316, PRO1383, PRO1384, PRO1431, PRO1434, PRO1475, PRO1481, PRO1568, PRO1573, PRO1599, PRO1604, PRO1605, PRO1693, PRO1753, PRO1755, PRO1777, PRO1788, PRO1864, PRO1925, PRO1926, PRO3566, PRO4330, PRO4423, PRO36935, PRO4977, PRO4979, PRO4980, PRO4981, PRO5801, PRO5995, PRO6001, PRO6095, PRO6182, PRO7170, PRO7171, PRO7436, PRO9912, PRO9917, PRO37337, PRO37496, PRO19646, PRO21718, PRO19820, PRO21201, PRO20026, PRO20110, PRO23203 or PRO35250 genes. Such in vivo studies and characterizations may provide valuable identification and discovery of therapeutics and/or treatments useful in the prevention, amelioration or correction of diseases or dysfunctions associated with gene disruptions such as neurological disorders; cardiovascular, endothelial or angiogenic disorders; eye abnormalities; immunological disorders; oncological disorders; bone metabolic abnormalities or disorders; lipid metabolic disorders; or developmental abnormalities. 1174-. (canceled)175. A method of identifying an agent that modulates a phenotype associated with a disruption of a gene which encodes for a PRO1079 polypeptide , the method comprising:(a) providing a non-human transgenic animal whose genome comprises a disruption of a gene which is an ortholog of a human gene that encodes for the PRO1079 polypeptide;(b) measuring a physiological characteristic of the non-human transgenic animal of (a);(c) comparing the measured physiological characteristic of (b) with that of a gender matched wild-type animal, wherein the physiological characteristic of the non-human transgenic animal that ...

GLYCOL CHITOSAN DERIVATIVE, PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF AND DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM COMPRISING THE SAME

The present invention relates to a glycol chitosane derivative, a preparation method thereof and a drug delivery system comprising the same. More specifically, the invention relates to a glycol chitosan derivative, which can form nano-sized self-assembled structures and has both temperature sensitivity and biodegradability so as to be suitable for use as a drug delivery system, as well as a preparation method thereof and a drug delivery system comprising the same. 2. The glycol chitosan derivative of claim 1 , wherein the glycol chitosan derivative has a degree of acetylation of 20-90%.3. The glycol chitosan derivative of claim 1 , wherein the glycol chitosan derivative has a degree of acetylation of 70-80%.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the acetylating agent is acetic anhydride.6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the glycol chitosan derivative has a degree of acetylation of 20-90%.7. A drug delivery system comprising the glycol chitosan derivative of . 1. Field of the InventionThe present invention relates to relates to a glycol chitosan detivative, which can form nano-sized self-assembled structures and has both temperature sensitivity and biodegradability so as to be suitable for use as a drug delivery system, as well as a preparation method thereof and a drug delivery system comprising the same.2. Description of the Prior ArtChitosan is a cationic polysaccharide derived from a chitin which is extracted from the shells of crustaceans such as crabs or shrimps. Generally, chitosan is obtained by/removing about 50% or more of acetyl groups of C2 acetamide from chitin and has an N-acetylation degree of less than 50%. It is composed of β(1,4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and D-glucosamine units.Recently, chitosan has received attention as a functional biopolymer which can be used in diverse applications, such as foods, agricultural products, medicines, drugs and cosmetics, because it has various physical and chemical characteristics and physiological ...

Multiple Predictor Set For Intra Coding with Intra Mode Prediction

An apparatus comprising a codec configured to predict an intra mode for a considered block based on a plurality of group numbers and a plurality of corresponding group indices for a plurality used modes of a plurality of adjacent blocks to the considered block, wherein a group number corresponding to an actual intra mode for the considered block is coded and sent if the predicted intra mode does not match the actual intra mode. Also disclosed is a network component comprising a processor configured to predict an intra mode for a considered block based on a minimum group number and a minimum group index of two used modes for two adjacent blocks of the considered block, and a transmitter configured to send coded bits of a group number for an actual intra mode for the considered block if the actual intra mode does not match the predicted intra mode. 1. An apparatus comprising:a codec configured to predict an intra mode for a considered block based on a plurality of group numbers and a plurality of corresponding group indices for a plurality of used modes of a plurality of adjacent blocks to the considered block,wherein a group number corresponding to an actual intra mode for the considered block is coded and sent if the predicted intra mode does not match the actual intra mode.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the predicted intra mode is one of a plurality of intra modes separated in a plurality of groups claim 1 , wherein each of the groups is assigned a different group number and each of the intra modes in each of the groups is assigned a different group index.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein there are about four groups that each comprises about 9 intra modes.4. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the intra modes in the four groups include about 34 Testing Model under Consideration (TMuC) groups.5. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the intra modes in the four groups include a plurality of directional and non-directional intra modes.6. The apparatus of claim ...

SMART PHONE SYSTEM AND BOOTING METHOD THEREOF

The present invention provides a smart phone system, which includes a memory for storing operating systems. The memory includes: a boot zone for storing a boot load program for initialization and loading a selected bootloader into a RAM when a system hardware is powered up; bootloader zones of at least two operating systems for respectively store the bootloader of the first operating system and the second operating system; binary code zones of the at least two operating systems for respectively store binary codes of the first operating system and the second operating system. An arbitrary operating system can be selected to boot among various operating system when booting the smart phone system. Therefore, adaptability and extendibility of the smart phone can be increased without the costs of adding a hardware. 1. A smart phone system , comprising a memory storing operating systems , characterized in that the memory comprises:a boot zone for storing a boot load program for an initialization and loading a selected bootloader into a RAM when a system hardware is powered up;bootloader zones of at least two operating systems for respectively storing the bootloaders of the first operating system and the second operating system;binary code zones of the at least two operating systems for respectively storing binary codes of the first operating system and the second operating system.2. The smart phone system according to claim 1 , characterized in that the memory further comprises: user data zones of the at least two operating systems for respectively storing user data of the first operating system and the second operating system claim 1 , and a share filesystem zone of the operating systems for storing shared files of the operating systems.3. The smart phone system according to claim 2 , characterized in that the memory further comprises a bad block table and a reserved zone.4. The smart phone system according to claim 2 , characterized in that a memory address segment of ...

Novel PRO1199 gene disruptions, and methods relating thereto

The present invention relates to transgenic animals, as well as compositions and methods relating to the characterization of gene function. Specifically, the present invention provides transgenic mice comprising disruptions in PRO224, PRO9783, PRO1108, PRO34000, PRO240, PRO943, hu A33, PRO230, PRO178, PRO1199, PRO4333, PRO1336, PRO19598, PRO1083, hu TRPM2 or PRO1801 genes. Such in vivo studies and characterizations may provide valuable identification and discovery of therapeutics and/or treatments useful in the prevention, amelioration or correction of diseases or dysfunctions associated with gene disruptions such as neurological disorders; cardiovascular, endothelial or angiogenic disorders; eye abnormalities; immunological disorders; oncological disorders; bone metabolic abnormalities or disorders; lipid metabolic disorders; or developmental abnormalities.

Using Multiple Prediction Sets to Encode Extended Unified Directional Intra Mode Numbers for Robustness

An apparatus comprising a codec configured to predict an intra mode for a considered pixel block based on a plurality of coded intra modes for a plurality of adjacent pixel blocks to the considered pixel block, wherein the predicted intra mode and the coded intra modes correspond to a set of intra-frame modes that comprise a plurality of directional intra modes and at least two non-directional intra modes and that are assigned a plurality of corresponding group numbers and group index numbers, and wherein the intra mode is predicted based on the group numbers and group index numbers of the coded intra modes. 1. An apparatus comprising:a codec configured to predict an intra mode for a considered pixel block based on a plurality of coded intra modes for a plurality of adjacent pixel blocks to the considered pixel block;wherein the predicted intra mode and the coded intra modes correspond to a set of intra-frame modes that comprise a plurality of directional intra modes and at least two non-directional intra modes and that are assigned a plurality of corresponding group numbers and group index numbers, andwherein the intra mode is predicted based on the group numbers and group index numbers of the coded intra modes.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least two non-directional intra modes comprise a Direct Current (DC) mode and a Planar mode.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least two non-directional intra modes comprise a Direct Current (DC) mode and a 2×2 Sub-block based intra mode.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least two non-directional intra modes comprise at least one of a Planar mode and a 2×2 Sub-block based intra mode.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the non-directional intra modes comprise a DC mode that has a mode number of 2 claim 1 , a Planar mode that has a group number of 34 claim 1 , and a 2×2 Sub-block based intra mode that has a group number of 35.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a group number corresponding ...

NOVEL GENE DISRUPTIONS, COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS RELATING THERETO

The present invention relates to transgenic animals, as well as compositions and methods relating to the characterization of gene function. Specifically, the present invention provides transgenic mice comprising disruptions in PRO226, PRO257, PRO268, PRO290, PRO36006, PRO363, PRO365, PRO382, PRO444, PRO705, PRO1071, PRO1125, PRO1134, PRO1155, PRO1281, PRO1343, PRO1379, PRO1380, PRO1387, PRO1419, PRO1433, PRO1474, PRO1550, PRO1571, PRO1572, PRO1759, PRO1904, PRO35193, PRO4341, PRO4348, PRO4369, PRO4381, PRO4407, PRO4425, PRO4985, PRO4989, PRO5737, PRO5800, PRO5993, PRO6017, PRO7174, PRO9744, PRO9821, PRO9852, PRO9873, PRO10196, PRO34778, PRO20233, PRO21956, PRO57290, PRO38465, PRO38683 or PRO85161 genes. Such in vivo studies and characterizations may provide valuable identification and discovery of therapeutics and/or treatments useful in the prevention, amelioration or correction of diseases or dysfunctions associated with gene disruptions such as neurological disorders; cardiovascular, endothelial or angiogenic disorders; eye abnormalities; immunological disorders; oncological disorders; bone metabolic abnormalities or disorders; lipid metabolic disorders; or developmental abnormalities. 1149-. (canceled)150. A method of identifying an agent that modulates a phenotype associated with a disruption of a gene which encodes for the PRO10196 polypeptide of SEQ ID NO:92 , the method comprising:(a) providing a non-human transgenic animal whose genome comprises a disruption of a gene which is an ortholog of a human gene that encodes for the PRO10196 polypeptide of SEQ ID NO:92 and which, compared with gender matched wild-type littermates, exhibits a phenotype associated with said gene disruption, said phenotype comprising at least one of the following physiological characteristics: decreased mean skin fibroblast proliferation rate, decreased total tissue mass, lean body mass and bone mineral content and density measurements, and elevated mean serum glucose levels;(b) ...

Simplified Bilateral Intra Smoothing Filter

A method comprising receiving a plurality of reference pixels, computing a plurality of filter coefficients based on differences between a reference pixel and neighboring reference pixels in the plurality of reference pixels, and combining the filter coefficients with the reference pixel and the neighboring reference pixels to generate a filtered value, wherein the filtered value is used for intra prediction. 1. A method comprising:receiving a plurality of reference pixels;computing a plurality of filter coefficients based on differences between a reference pixel and neighboring reference pixels in the plurality of reference pixels; andcombining the filter coefficients with the reference pixel and the neighboring reference pixels to generate a filtered value, wherein the filtered value is used for intra prediction.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of filter coefficients are further based on distances between the reference pixel and the neighboring reference pixels.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the filtered value is a linear combination of the reference pixel and the neighboring reference pixels.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the plurality of filter coefficients comprise three filter coefficients claim 3 , wherein a first distance between the reference pixel and a left pixel is equal to one claim 3 , wherein a second distance between the reference pixel and a right pixel is equal to one claim 3 , and wherein at least one filter coefficient is based on a maximum value for the plurality of reference pixels claim 3 , a degree of filtering claim 3 , a first difference between the reference pixel and the left pixel claim 3 , a second difference between the reference pixel and the right pixel claim 3 , or any combination thereof.6. The method of claim 5 , where k=2.7. The method of claim 2 , wherein the filtered value is computed using a single integer division.8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:computing a second plurality of filter ...

POLYARYLENE SULFIDE-CONTAINING POLYMER MELT

This invention relates to methods for decreasing the complex viscosity of a polyarylene sulfide polymer melt while maintaining the molecular weight of the polyarylene sulfide with time. This invention also relates to polymer melt compositions comprising a polyarylene sulfide, wherein the complex viscosity of the composition is decreased relative to the complex viscosity of the native polyarylene sulfide measured under the same conditions, and the weight average molecular weight of the polyarylene sulfide is maintained. The methods of decreasing the complex viscosity of a polyarylene sulfide-containing polymer melt, and the polymer melt compositions so obtained, are useful in processes to produce fibers, films, nonwovens, and molded parts from polyarylene sulfides. 1. A polymer melt composition comprising:(a) a polyarylene sulfide having a weight average molecular weight in the range of about 50,000 g/mol to about 80,000 g/mol and a complex viscosity in the range of about 200 Pa·s to about 900 Pa·s when measured according to the Complex Viscosity Test defined herein; and{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2, '(b) at least one tin additive comprising a branched tin(II) carboxylate selected from the group consisting of Sn(OCR), Sn(OCR)(OCR′), Sn(OCR)(OCR″), and mixtures thereof, where the carboxylate moieties OCR and OCR independently represent branched carboxylate anions and the carboxylate moiety OCR″ represents a linear carboxylate anion.'}2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the additive further comprises a linear tin(II) carboxylate Sn(OCR″) claim 1 , where R″ is a primary alkyl group comprising from 6 to 30 carbon atoms.4. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the radicals R or R′ or both have a structure represented by Formula (I) claim 3 , and Ris H.6. The composition of claim 5 , wherein the tin(II) carboxylate comprises Sn(OCR) claim 5 , and R has a structure represented by Formula (II) claim 5 , where Ris n-butyl and Ris ethyl.7. The ...

THERMAL STABILIZATION OF POLYARYLENE SULFIDE COMPOSITIONS

Provided are novel compositions comprising a polyarylene sulfide and at least one tin additive comprising a branched tin(II) carboxylate selected from the group consisting of Sn(OCR), Sn(OCR)(OCR′), Sn(OCR)(OCR″), and mixtures thereof, where the carboxylate moieties OCR and OCR′ independently represent branched carboxylate anions and the carboxylate moiety OCR″ represents a linear carboxylate anion. Articles comprising the novel compositions are also provided. In addition, methods to improve the thermal stability of polyarylene sulfides, and methods to improve the thermo-oxidative stability of polyarylene sulfides, through the use of the disclosed branched tin(II) carboxylates are provided. The polyarylene sulfide compositions are useful in various applications which require superior thermal resistance, chemical resistance, and electrical insulating properties. 1. A method to improve the thermal stability of a polyarylene sulfide , the method comprising combining a polyarylene sulfide with at least one tin additive comprising a branched tin(II) carboxylate selected from the group consisting of Sn(OCR) , Sn(OCR)(OCR′) , Sn(OCR)(OCR″) , and mixtures thereof , were the carboxylate moieties OCR and OCR′ independently represent branched carboxylate anions and the carboxylate moiety OCR″ represents a linear carboxylate anion.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the additive further comprises a linear tin(II) carboxylate Sn(OCR″) claim 1 , where R″ is a primary alkyl group comprising from 6 to 30 carbon atoms.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the sum of the branched carboxylate moieties OCR+OCR′ is at least about 25% on a molar basis of the total carboxylate moieties OCR+OCR′+OOR″ contained in the additive.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the radicals R or R″ or both have a structure represented by Formula (I) claim 4 , and Ris H.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the tin(II) carboxylate comprises Sn(OCR) claim 6 , and R has a structure represented by Formula (II) claim 6 ...

PROCESS FOR MAKING NONWOVEN WEBS

A nonwoven web comprising bicomponent fibers. The fibers have continuous phases each of a first polyarylene sulfide (PAS) component and a polymer component. The polymer component may also be a second polyarylene sulfide. The first polyarylene sulfide component contains a tin or a zinc additive or both, and the first polyarylene sulfide component of any given fiber is at least partially exposed to the external surface of that fiber. 1. A process for manufacturing a nonwoven web comprising the steps of (i) spinning bicomponent fibers into a nonwoven web , said fibers comprising continuous phases each of a first polyarylene sulfide (PAS) component and a polymer component , in which the first polyarylene sulfide component contains a tin or a zinc additive or both , and the first polyarylene sulfide component of any given fiber is at least partially exposed to the external surface of that fiber , and (ii) calendaring the nonwoven web.2. The process of in which the step of spinning is a spunbond process.3. The process of in which the polymer component comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting or polyether ether ketone (PEEK) claim 1 , polyether ketone (PEK) claim 1 , polyester claim 1 , polypropylene claim 1 , polyamide claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.4. The process of in which the polyester comprises polyethylene terephthalate (PET) claim 3 , polytrimethylene terephthalate claim 3 , or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT).5. The process of in which the second polymer component comprises a second polyarylene sulfide.6. The process of in which the second polyarylene sulfide is blended with a calcium salt.7. The process of in which the calcium salt is calcium stearate.8. The process of in which the tin additive is a branched carboxylate selected from the group consisting of Sn(OCR) claim 1 , Sn(OCR)(OCR′) claim 1 , Sn(OCR)(OCR″) claim 1 , and mixtures thereof claim 1 , where the carboxylate moieties OCR and OCR′ independently represent branched carboxylate anions ...

STABILIZATION OF POLYMERIC STRUCTURES

A method for stabilizing a polymeric structure against thermo-oxidative degradation is described. A polymeric core structure is provided with a skin layer that contains a skin resin in which the skin resin at least partially envelops a portion of the core structure. The skin structure then provides a barrier that thereby stabilizes the portion of the structure that is enveloped. The skin resin is made from a treated polyarylene sulfide. 1. A method for stabilizing a polymeric structure comprising the step of providing a core structure with a skin layer that comprises a skin resin in which the skin resin at least partially envelops a portion of the core structure , and the skin comprises a treated polyarylene sulfide.2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. The method of in which the step of providing the structure with a skin layer includes the step of combining a core structure and the skin layer in a die and extruding a skin layer extrudate claim 1 , where the skin layer extrudate comprises a treating agent.5. The method of in which the step of providing the structure with a skin layer includes the steps of(i) extruding a labile curing agent with the core polymeric structure where the polymeric structure has no discernible skin and the core structure comprises a polyarylene sulfide resin,(ii) allowing the curing agent to migrate to the surface region of the structure to form a curing agent rich skin region,and(iii) subjecting the structure to a temperature and time that allows the skin region of the structure to cure.6. The method of that includes the step of treating the skin resin and where the step of treating comprises the step of heating the resin for at least 320° C. for at least 20 minutes.7. The method of in which the polyarylene sulfide is polyphenylene sulfide.8. The method of in which the core structure comprises polyphenylene sulfide.9. The method of in which the core structure comprises a polyester.10. The method of in which the treating agent comprises a ...

STABILIZATION OF POLYMERIC STRUCTURES

A nonwoven web comprising bicomponent fibers. The fibers have continuous phases each of a first polyarylene sulfide (PAS) component and a polymer component. The polymer component may also be a second polyarylene sulfide. The first polyarylene sulfide component contains a tin or a zinc additive or both, and the first polyarylene sulfide component of any given fiber is at least partially exposed to the external surface of that fiber. 1. A nonwoven web comprising bicomponent fibers , said fibers comprising continuous phases each of a first polyarylene sulfide (PAS) component and a polymer component , in which the first polyarylene sulfide component contains a tin or a zinc additive or both , and the first polyarylene sulfide component of any given fiber is at least partially exposed to the external surface of that fiber.2. The web of in which the polymer component comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting or polyether ether ketone (PEEK) claim 1 , polyether ketone (PEK) claim 1 , polyester claim 1 , polypropylene claim 1 , polyamide claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.3. The web of in which the polyester comprises polyethylene terephthalate (PET) claim 2 , polytrimethylene terephthalate claim 2 , or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT).4. The web of in which the second polymer component comprises a second polyarylene sulfide.5. The web of in which the second polyarylene sulfide is blended with a calcium salt.6. The web of in which the calcium salt is calcium stearate.7. The web of in which the tin additive is a branched carboxylate selected from the group consisting of Sn(OCR) claim 1 , Sn(OCR)(OCR′) claim 1 , Sn(OCR)(OCR″) claim 1 , and mixtures thereof claim 1 , where the carboxylate moieties OCR and OCR′ independently represent branched carboxylate anions and the carboxylate moiety OCR″ represents a linear carboxylate anion.8. The web of in which the tin additive further comprises a linear tin(II) carboxylate Sn(OCR″).9. The web of in which the sum of the ...

IMPROVED PROCESS FOR FORMING POLYARYLENE SULFIDE FIBERS

An improved process for forming polyarylene sulfide fibers is provided. The process comprises forming at least one fiber from a polymer melt comprising a polyarylene sulfide and at least one tin additive comprising a branched tin(II) carboxylate. Using such a melt, the fiber forming continuity is improved compared to that of the native polyarylene sulfide melt processed under the same conditions. 1. A process comprising: forming at least one fiber from a polymer melt comprising a polyarylene sulfide and at least one tin additive comprising a a branched tin(II) carboxylate selected from the group consisting of Sn(OCR) , Sn(OCR)(OCR′) , Sn(OCR)(OCR″) , and mixtures thereof , where the carboxylate moieties OCR and OCR′ independently represent branched carboxylate anions and the carboxylate moiety OCR″ represents a linear carboxylate anion.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the tin additive further comprises a linear tin(II) carboxylate Sn(OCR″)and where R″ is a primary alkyl group comprising from 6 to 30 carbon atoms.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the radicals R or R′ or both have a structure represented by Formula (I) claim 1 , and Ris H.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the tin(II) carboxylate comprises Sn(OCR) claim 1 , and R has a structure represented by Formula (II) claim 1 , where Ris n-butyl and Ris ethyl.7. The process of claim 1 , further comprising combining at least one zinc(II) compound and/or zinc metal with the additive and the polyarylene sulfide.9. The process of claim 7 , wherein the zinc(II) compound and/or zinc metal is present at a concentration of about 10 weight percent or less claim 7 , based on the weight of the polyarylene sulfide.10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polyarylene sulfide is polyphenylene sulfide.11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the moisture content of the polyarylene sulfide is about 600 ppm or less.12. The process of claim 1 , wherein the suitable conditions include a temperature of about 280° C. to about 310° ...

CURE ACCELERATION OF POLYMERIC STRUCTURES

A method for accelerating the curing of a polyarylene sulfide. The polyarylene sulfide is blended with a cure accelerator to form a mixture where the weight percentage of accelerator is between 0.2% and 15.0% of the total weight of the blend. The mixture is cured at 320° C. or above for at least 20 minutes. The cure accelerator is a compound selected from the group consisting of ionomers, hindered phenols, polyhydric alcohols, polycarboxylates, and mixtures of the foregoing. 1. A method for accelerating the curing of a polyarylene sulfide comprising the steps of (i) blending the polyarylene sulfide with a cure accelerator to form a mixture where the weight percentage of accelerator is between 0.2% and 15.0% of the total weight of the blend , (ii) curing the mixture at 320° C. or above for at least 20 minutes; wherein the cure accelerator is a compound selected from the group consisting of ionomers , hindered phenols , polyhydric alcohols , polycarboxylates , and mixtures of the foregoing.2. The method of in which the step of curing the mixture takes place for at least 30 minutes.3. The method of in which the step of curing the mixture takes place for at least 40 minutes.4. The method of in which the step of curing the mixture takes place for at east 60 minutes.5. The method of in which the cure accelerator is present at between 1% and 10% of the total weight of the blend.6. The method of in which the polyarylene sulfide is polyphenylene sulfide. This application is related to the field of curing or cross linking of polymers, and in particular polyarylene sulfides.Polymeric materials, and in particular polyarylene sulfide (“PAS”) polymers, and polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) exhibit a degree of thermal and chemical resistance. As such, polymers have found use in many applications, for example, in the manufacture of molded components for automobiles, electrical and electronic devices, industrial/mechanical products, consumer products, and spun fibers. For example, ...

THERMOOXIDATIVE STABILIZATION OF POLYARYLENE SULFIDE COMPOSITIONS

Provided are novel compositions comprising a polyarylene sulfide and at least one tin additive comprising a branched tin(II) carboxylate selected from the group consisting of Sn(OCR), Sn(OCR)(OCR′), Sn(OCR)(OCR″), and mixtures thereof, where the carboxylate moieties OCR and OCR′ independently represent branched carboxylate anions and the carboxylate moiety OCR″ represents a linear carboxylate anion. Articles comprising the novel compositions are also provided. In addition, methods to improve the thermal stability of polyarylene sulfides, and methods to improve the thermo-oxidative stability of polyarylene sulfides, through the use of the disclosed branched tin(II) carboxylates are provided. The polyarylene sulfide compositions are useful in various applications which require superior thermal resistance, chemical resistance, and electrical insulating properties. 1. A method to improve the thermooxidative stability of a polyarylene sulfide , the method comprising combining a polyarylene sulfide with at least one tin additive comprising a branched tin(II) carboxylate selected from the group consisting of Sn(OCR) , Sn(OCR)(OCR′) , Sn(OCR)(OCR″) , and mixtures thereof , where the carboxylate moieties OCR and OCR′ independently represent branched carboxylate anions and the carboxylate moiety OCR″ represents a linear carboxylate anion.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the additive further comprises a linear tin(II) carboxylate Sn(OCR″) claim 1 , where R″ is a primary alkyl group comprising from 6 to 30 carbon atoms.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the sum of the branched carboxylate moieties OCR+OCR is at least about 25% on a molar basis of the total carboxylate moieties OCR+OCR′+OCR″ contained in the additive.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the radicals R or R′ or both have a structure represented by Formula (I) claim 4 , and Ris H.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the tin(II) carboxylate comprises Sn(OCR) claim 6 , and R has a structure represented by Formula (II) ...

OPTICAL PHASE DEVICE, METHOD AND SYSTEM.

The invention provides an optical phase device, method and system. The optical phase device consists of a transparent dielectric substrate, a multilayer stack of dielectrics and a buffer layer. The refractive index of the transparent dielectric substrate, the multilayer stack of dielectrics and the buffer layer are all larger than that of the external medium. For the wavelength of the incident beam, the optical phase device has a phase variation in the angular range [α, β] and the critical angle for total reflection on the interface between the buffer layer and the external medium adjacent to the buffer layer is γ, γ<β. The optical device has both low loss and large phase variation, which leads to a large Goos-Hanchen shift. As a dispersion compensation component, it can produce larger, tunable dispersions, and different dispersion compensations can be obtained by adjusting the operating angle or parameters in the structure. 120.-. (canceled)21. An optical phase device comprising:(a) a transparent dielectric substrate;(b) a multilayer stack of dielectrics including two or more dielectric media with different refractive indices; and(c) a buffer layer which forms a first interface with an external medium, where the refractive index of the transparent dielectric substrate is larger than the refractive index of the external medium, where the refractive indices of the two or more dielectric media are larger than the refractive index of the external medium, where the refractive index of the buffer layer is larger than the refractive index of the external medium, where the optical phase device has phase variations in an angular range of [α, β] for the operation wavelength of an incident beam and the critical angle of total internal reflection at the first interface is γ, where γ<β.22. The optical phase device of claim 21 , where the multilayer stack of dielectrics is formed by alternating layers of the two or more dielectric media.23. The optical phase device of claim 21 , ...

Optical phase device, method and system

The invention provides an optical phase device with its application method and system. The optical phase device consists of a transparent dielectric substrate, a multilayer stack of dielectrics and a buffer layer. The refractive index of the transparent dielectric substrate, the multilayer stack of dielectrics and the buffer layer are all larger than that of the external medium. For the wavelength of the incident beam, the optical phase device has a phase variation in the angular range [α, β] and the critical angle for total reflection on the interface between the buffer layer and the external medium adjacent to the buffer layer is γ, γ>β. Our invention of the optical device has both low loss and large phase variation, which leads to a large Goos-Hanchen shift. As a dispersion compensation component, it can produce bigger and tunable dispersion, and different dispersion compensations can be got by adjusting the operating angle or parameters in the structure.

Weighted Prediction Method and Apparatus in Quantization Matrix Coding

A method for decoding and reconstructing a QM associated with a picture, wherein the method comprises acquiring at least one reference QM and at least one weighting factor associated with the reference QM, wherein the reference QM is a previously decoded QM, and computing a predicted matrix using the reference QM and the weighting factor associated with the reference QM, wherein the predicted matrix is used to reconstruct the QM. In another embodiment, a method for encoding a QM associated with a picture, wherein the method comprises acquiring a first QM reference and a second QM reference, acquiring a first weighting factor that corresponds to the first QM reference and a second weighting factor that corresponds to the second QM reference, obtaining the predicted QM using the first QM reference, the second QM reference, the first weighting factor, and the second weighting factor. 1. An apparatus for decoding a video bitstream to reconstruct a quantization matrix (QM) associated with a picture , comprising: acquire a weighting factor;', 'acquire a reference QM, wherein the reference QM is a previously decoded QM;', 'associate the weighting factor with the reference QM; and', 'compute a predicted matrix using the reference QM and the weighting factor associated with the reference QM,', 'wherein the predicted matrix is used to reconstruct the QM,, 'a processor configured to2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to decode a plurality of QM residue values from the video bitstream and reconstruct the QM using the QM residue values and the predicted matrix.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the weighting factor is computed using at least one of a plurality of weighting methods: a linear weighting claim 1 , an equally weighting claim 1 , and an average weighting.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the number of reference QMs used to compute the predicted matrix is determined by the number of weighting factors.5. An apparatus for ...

TIM-3 LIGANDS AND METHODS THEREOF

The invention relates to isolated polypeptides and nucleic acids encoding polypeptides which comprise a tim-3 IgV domain and a tim-3 intracellular domain, wherein the polypeptides do not comprise a tim-3 mucin domain or a tim-3 transmembrane domain. In addition, the invention relates to methods of modulating immune responses in a subject, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an agent that modulates tim-3 activity. Immune responses include, but are not limited to, immune tolerance, transplantation tolerance, Th1 responses and Th2 responses. 1. A method of identifying an agent that modulates binding between a tim-3 polypeptide and a galectin-9 polypeptide , the method comprising:(a) contacting the tim-3 polypeptide and the galectin-9 polypeptide in the presence of a test agent; and(b) determining the effect of the test agent on the binding of the tim-3 polypeptide and the galectin-9 polypeptide;thereby identifying an agent that modulates the binding between a tim-3 polypeptide and a galectin-9 polypeptide.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (b) comprises comparing formation of a tim-3/galectin-9 complex in the presence of the test agent with formation of a tim-3/galectin-9 complex in the absence of the test agent.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the test agent is a small molecule compound claim 1 , an antibody or a polypeptide.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the test agent increases binding between the tim-3 and galectin-9 polypeptides.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the test agent decreases binding between the tim-3 and galectin-9 polypeptides.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tim-3 polypeptide or the galectin-9 polypeptide or both are expressed in a cell.7. The method of claim 2 , wherein comparing formation of the a tim-3/galectin-9 complex comprises detecting expression of a reporter gene claim 2 , wherein the expression of the reporter gene is dependent on the formation of the tim-3/galectin-9 complex.8. ...

Simplification of Mode Dependent Intra Smoothing

An apparatus comprising a processor configured to determine whether to apply an intra smoothing filter for a prediction unit (PU) based on a lookup table (LUT), wherein the LUT comprises data indicating the intra smoothing filter should not be applied for any PU with a block size of 8×8 pixels and associated with directional prediction mode. The disclosure also includes a method comprising generating reference samples, determining a size of a PU block, and selecting the reference samples based on PU block size, wherein filtered reference samples are not selected for PU blocks with a size of 8×8 pixels and associated with directional prediction mode. 1. An apparatus comprising:a processor configured to:determine whether to apply an intra smoothing filter for a prediction unit (PU) based on a lookup table (LUT),wherein the LUT comprises data indicating the intra smoothing filter should not be applied for any PU with a block size of 8×8 pixels and associated with directional prediction mode.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the LUT further comprises data indicating the intra smoothing filter should not be applied for any PU with a block size of 8×8 pixels and associated with planar prediction mode.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the LUT further comprises:data indicating the intra smoothing filter should not be applied for any PU with a block size of 8×8 pixels and associated with intra mean (DC) mode; anddata indicating the intra smoothing filter should not be applied for any PU with a block size of 8×8 pixels and associated with intra chroma from luma (LM) mode.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the LUT is a High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Mode Dependent Intra Smoothing (MDIS) LUT.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the LUT comprises thirty six columns claim 1 , wherein column 0 comprises data associated with planar mode claim 1 , wherein column 1 comprises data associated with Intra DC mode claim 1 , wherein columns 2-34 comprise data associated ...

Reference Pixel Reduction for Intra LM Prediction

A video codec comprising a processor configured to generate a prediction block for a chroma block, wherein the prediction block comprises a predicted chroma sample, wherein the predicted chroma sample is based on a filtered reconstructed luma sample located in a corresponding reconstructed luma block, a plurality of downsampled filtered reconstructed luma samples located in positions neighboring the corresponding reconstructed luma block, and a plurality of downsampled chroma samples located in positions neighboring the chroma block. 1. A video codec comprising:a processor configured to:generate a prediction block for a chroma block, wherein the prediction block comprises a predicted chroma sample, wherein the predicted chroma sample is based on:a filtered reconstructed luma sample located in a corresponding reconstructed luma block;a plurality of downsampled filtered reconstructed luma samples located in positions neighboring the corresponding reconstructed luma block; anda plurality of downsampled chroma samples located in positions neighboring the chroma block.2. The video codec of claim 1 , wherein the downsampled filtered reconstructed luma samples comprise every Nth filtered reconstructed luma sample of a top neighboring vector of reconstructed luma samples and a left neighboring vector of reconstructed luma samples claim 1 , where N is an integer greater than one.3. The video codec of claim 2 , wherein the downsampled chroma samples comprise every Nth chroma sample of a top neighboring vector of chroma samples and a left neighboring vector of chroma samples.4. The video codec of claim 3 , wherein the processor is further configured to:generate a second reconstructed luma block corresponding to a second chroma block;generate a second prediction block for the second chroma block based on the corresponding second reconstructed luma block, wherein the second prediction block is further based on a subset of a plurality of filtered reconstructed luma samples ...

METHODS OF MODULATING IMMUNE RESPONSES BY MODULATING TIM-1, TIM-2 AND TIM-4 FUNCTION

The invention relates to methods of modulating immune responses in a subject such as by administering to the subject agents which modulate tim-1, tim-2 or tim-4 activity, or which modulate the physical interaction between tim-1 and tim-4 or between tim-2 and a tim-2 ligand. Immune responses include, but are not limited to, autoimmune disorders, transplantation tolerance, and Th1 and Th2-mediated responses and disorders. The invention also relates to novel assays for identifying agents which modulate the physical interaction between tim-1 and tim-4. In addition, the invention relates to novel soluble tim-4 polypeptides and to nucleic acids which encode them. 1. A method of increasing immune tolerance in a subject in need thereof , the method comprising administering to such subject a therapeutically effective amount of a polypeptide agent that inhibits the activity or expression of tim-4 , whereby immune tolerance in said subject is increased.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said subject suffers from an autoimmune disease claim 1 , and wherein said increase in immune tolerance treats said autoimmune disease.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said subject is a transplant recipient claim 1 , and whereby said increase in immune tolerance increases transplant tolerance.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said polypeptide agent comprises an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof that specifically binds to tim-4.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polypeptide agent reduces binding of tim-4 to tim-1.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said polypeptide agent comprises a soluble tim-1 molecule.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the soluble tim-1 polypeptide comprises (i) amino acids 21-126 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or (ii) amino acids 21-129 of SEQ ID NO: 2.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polypeptide agent further comprises (a) human serum albumin; or (b) an Fc domain of an immunoglobulin.9. The method of claim 2 , wherein said autoimmune disease is selected from the ...

POLYARYLENE SULFIDE COMPOSITIONS

Provided are novel compositions comprising a polyarylene sulfide and at least one tin additive comprising a branched tin(II) carboxylate selected from the group consisting of Sn(OCR), Sn(OCR)(OCR′), Sn(OCR)(OCR″), and mixtures thereof, where the carboxylate moieties OCR and OCR′ independently represent branched carboxylate anions and the carboxylate moiety OCR″ represents a linear carboxylate anion. Articles comprising the novel compositions are also provided. In addition, methods to improve the thermal stability of polyarylene sulfides, and methods to improve the thermo-oxidative stability of polyarylene sulfides, through the use of the disclosed branched tin(II) carboxylates are provided. The polyarylene sulfide compositions are useful in various applications which require superior thermal resistance, chemical resistance, and electrical insulating properties. 1. A composition comprising a polyarylene sulfide , and at least one tin additive that comprises a branched tin(II) carboxylate selected from the group consisting of Sn(OCR) , Sn(OCR)(OCR′) , Sn(OCR)(OCR″) , and mixtures thereof , where the carboxylate moieties OCR and OCR′ independently represent branched carboxylate anions and the carboxylate moiety OCR″ represents a linear carboxylate anion.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the additive further comprises a linear tin(II) carboxylate Sn(OCR″) claim 1 , where R″ is a primary alkyl group comprising from 6 to 30 carbon atoms.3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the sum of the branched carboxylate moieties OCR+OCR′ is at least about 25% on a molar basis of the total carboxylate moieties OCR+OCR′+OCR″ contained in the additive.5. The composition of claim 4 , wherein the radicals R or R′ or both have a structure represented by Formula (I) claim 4 , and Ris H.7. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the tin(II) carboxylate comprises Sn(OCR) claim 6 , and R has a structure represented by Formula (II) claim 6 , where Ris n-butyl and Ris ethyl.8. The ...

Ligand Identification Scoring

Disclosed are various embodiments for systems and methods for predicting ligand with high binding affinities for protein receptors, as reflected by the binding free energy of the protein-ligand complex. A set of ligands and protein receptors are analyzed. Based on empirically determined data, such as van der Waal forces, hydrogen bonding, metal chelation, and other properties known for certain ligands, the binding free energy for a particular protein-ligand complex may be predicted. In addition, results may be filtered by sampling a range of predicted binding affinities by changing the arrangement in which the ligand docks with the protein receptor. 1. A non-transitory computer-readable medium embodying a program executable in at least one computing device , comprising:code that selects a set of ligands for analysis of a binding affinity of each ligand in the set of ligands with respect to a protein receptor;code that applies a scoring model to each ligand to predict the binding affinity for each ligand to the protein receptor; andcode that ranks each ligand according to a predicted binding affinity determined from the application of the scoring model.2. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1 , wherein the scoring model sums a van der Waals force claim 1 , a hydrogen bond force claim 1 , a desolvation force claim 1 , and a metal chelation force to predict the binding affinity for the ligand to the protein receptor.3. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 2 , wherein the scoring model further:categorizes each ligand of the set of ligands into one of a plurality of groups of ligands based on a molecular weight and a ratio of carbon atoms in each ligand before summing the van der Waals force, the hydrogen bond force, the desolvation force, and the metal chelation force; andapplies a different scoring parameter to each of the plurality of groups.4. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1 , wherein the scoring model further ...

INTEGRATED CIRCUIT PACKAGING SYSTEM WITH TIEBAR-LESS DESIGN AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE THEREOF

A method of manufacture of an integrated circuit packaging system includes: providing a die attach pad integrally connected to a connector portion and a lead; attaching an integrated circuit die to the die attach pad; connecting an internal interconnect to the integrated circuit die and the lead; forming an encapsulation over the integrated circuit die; removing the connector portion to separate the die attach pad and the lead; and forming an isolation cover between the die attach pad and the lead. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. A method of manufacture of an integrated circuit packaging system comprising: a die attach pad having a pad-recess on a bottom side of the die attach pad,', 'a connector portion integrally connected to the die attach pad,', 'a lead integrally connected to the connector portion and having a lead-recess on a bottom side of the lead;, 'providing a tiebar-less lead frame havingattaching an integrated circuit die to the die attach pad;attaching an internal interconnect to the integrated circuit die and the lead;forming an encapsulation over the integrated circuit die, with the encapsulation filling the pad-recess and the lead-recess;removing the connector portion to separate the die attach pad and the lead; andcovering the die attach pad and the lead with an isolation cover.7. The method as claimed in further comprising:forming a pad-overhang portion on the die attach pad between the pad-recess and the lead; andforming a lead-overhang portion on the lead between the lead and the die attach pad.8. The method as claimed in wherein:providing the tiebar-less lead frame includes providing the tiebar-less lead frame having a regular pattern of a pitch between consecutive pairs of the lead along a peripheral side; andfurther comprising:forming a contiguous upper surface from a top portion of the encapsulation down to a top portion of the lead.9. The method as claimed in wherein providing the tiebar-less lead frame ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REALIZING ADAPTIVE QUANTIZATION IN PROCESS OF IMAGE CODING

A method for realizing adaptive quantization in image encoding and dequantization in image decoding is disclosed. In the adaptive quantization method, an image to be encoded is divided into one or more blocks, and each block is transformed to obtain one or more transform coefficients, the method comprising: acquiring parameter information of neighbor blocks of a current block; determining a quantization mode for the current block according to the parameter information of the neighbor blocks; and quantizing transform coefficients of the current block in the determined quantization mode. The quantization mode includes at least one of quantization matrix, quantization parameter and quantization step. 1. A method for realizing adaptive quantization in image encoding , wherein an image to be encoded is divided into one or more blocks , and a current block of the one or more blocks is transformed to obtain one or more transform coefficients , the method comprising:acquiring parameter information of neighbor blocks of the current block;determining a quantization mode for the current block according to the parameter information of the neighbor blocks; andquantizing transform coefficients of the current block with the determined quantization mode;wherein the quantization mode includes at least one of quantization matrix, quantization parameter and quantization step.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the parameter information comprises at least one of the following:frame type information;block mode information on the neighbor blocks;prediction information on the neighbor blocks;motion vector information on the neighbor blocks; andinformation on quantization modes used by the neighbor blocks.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of determining the quantization mode for the current block comprises:determining the quantization mode for the current block in an intra-frame manner or an inter-frame manner, according to the parameter information of the neighbor blocks.4. The ...

Solution phase processing of polyarylene sulfide

Provided are methods for obtaining modified polyarylene sulfide compositions having improved thermal and thermo-oxidative stability, the compositions so obtained, and articles comprising the compositions. The method comprises the steps of contacting, in the presence of a suitable solvent, a polyarylene sulfide with at least one reducing agent and at least base to form a first mixture. The reducing agent comprises zinc(0), tin(0), tin(II), bismuth (0), bismuth(III), or a combination thereof. The first mixture is heated to form a second mixture in which the polyarylene sulfide is dissolved. The polyarylene sulfide is then precipitated to obtain a modified polyarylene sulfide.

METHODS OF ELECTROCHEMICALLY MEASURING AN ANALYTE WITH A TEST SEQUENCE HAVING A PULSED DC BLOCK AS WELL AS DEVICES, APPARATUSES AND SYSTEMS INCORPORATING THE SAME

Methods are disclosed for measuring an analyte concentration in a fluidic sample. Such methods further allow one to correct and/or compensate for confounding variables such as hematocrit (Hct), temperature or both before providing an analyte concentration. The measurement methods utilize information obtained from test sequences having at least one AC block and at least one pulsed DC block, where pulsed DC block includes at least one recovery potential, and where a closed circuit condition of the electrode system is maintained during the DC block. Also disclosed are devices, apparatuses and systems incorporating the various measurement methods. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the AC block is applied before the DC block claim 1 , after the DC block or interspersed within the DC block.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the AC block is applied before the DC block.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the AC block comprises a multi-frequency excitation waveform of at least two different frequencies.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the frequencies of the AC block are about 10 kHz claim 4 , about 20 kHz claim 4 , about 10 kHz claim 4 , about 2 kHz and about 1 kHz claim 4 , and wherein each frequency is applied for about 0.5 seconds to about 1.5 seconds.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the DC block comprises a pulsed sequence alternating between an excitation potential and the at least one recovery potential claim 1 , and wherein the determining comprises determining an effective current based upon the information of the excitation current response and the recovery current response and determining the analyte concentration based upon the effective current.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the pulsed sequence includes at least one pulse to about ten pulses claim 6 , wherein the excitation pulse is at about +450 mV and the recovery pulse is at about 0 mV claim 6 , and wherein each pulse is applied for about 50 msec to about 500 msec.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein ...

SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND METHOD

A method includes providing a substrate having a gate structure over a first side of the substrate, forming a recess adjacent to the gate structure, and forming in the recess a first semiconductor layer having a dopant, the first semiconductor layer being non-conformal, the first semiconductor layer lining the recess and extending from a bottom of the recess to a top of the recess. The method further includes forming a second semiconductor layer having the dopant in the recess and over the first semiconductor layer, a second concentration of the dopant in the second semiconductor layer being higher than a first concentration of the dopant in the first semiconductor layer. 1. A method comprising:providing a substrate having a gate structure over a first side of the substrate;forming a recess adjacent to the gate structure;forming a first semiconductor layer comprising a dopant in the recess, the first semiconductor layer contacting surfaces of the substrate exposed by the recess, the first semiconductor layer being a non-conformal single layer, the first semiconductor layer lining the recess and extending from a bottom of the recess to a top of the recess; andforming a second semiconductor layer comprising the dopant in the recess, the second semiconductor layer disposed over and contacting the first semiconductor layer, a second concentration of the dopant in the second semiconductor layer being ten times or more higher than a first concentration of the dopant in the first semiconductor layer.2. (canceled)3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer comprise silicon claim 1 , and the dopant comprises phosphorous.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer comprise silicon germanium claim 1 , and the dopant comprises boron.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the first semiconductor layer comprises:depositing in the recess a semiconductor material ...

SYNTHETIC LIPOCHITOOLIGOSACCHARIDE ANALOGS FOR ENHANCING PLANT PERFORMANCE

Compounds that are related to natural synthetic lipochitooligosaccharide analogs were chemically synthesized and found to be effective as plant performance enhancers. The compounds are amine-oligosaccharides with a substituent aryl-containing aliphatic carboxylic acid attached at the amine to the terminal amine-sugar unit. The aryl containing aliphatic carboxylic acid terminates with an aromatic ring structure. 2. The compound of having one or more of the followingn is 1 or 2;m is 0 or 1;A is —C(O)—;B is selected from —C≡C— and —CH═CH—, wherein when present the carbon-carbon double bond configuration is selected from cis, trans, and a mixture of cis and trans;{'sub': 3', '2, 'C is an arylene substituted with one or more independently selected from halogen, CN, CF, NO, and C1-6 alkyl;'}{'sub': '3', 'D is selected from H, CH, and linear and branched, saturated and unsaturated, hydrocarbon-based chains containing from 2 to 15 carbon atoms;'}{'sub': '3', 'E is NHC(O)CH;'}{'sup': '1', 'sub': '3', 'Ris selected from H and CH; and'}{'sup': '2', 'sub': '3', 'Ris CHor phenylene.'}3. The compound of whereinn is 1 or 2;m is 0;A is —C(O)—;B is selected from —C≡C— and —CH═CH—, wherein when present the carbon-carbon double bond configuration is selected from cis, trans, and a mixture of cis and trans;{'sub': 3', '2, 'C is an arylene substituted with one or more of independently selected from halogens, CN, CF, NO, and C1-6 alkyl;'}{'sub': '3', 'D is selected from H, CH, and a linear and branched, saturated and unsaturated, hydrocarbon chains containing from 2 to 15 carbon atoms;'}{'sup': '1', 'sub': '3', 'Ris selected from H and CH; and'}{'sup': '2', 'sub': '3', 'Ris CHor phenylene.'}5. The agricultural composition of wherein the compound having the structure (I) whereinn is 1 or 2;m is 0 or 1;A is —C(O)—;B is selected from —C≡C— and —CH═CH—, wherein when present the carbon-carbon double bond configuration is selected from cis, trans, and a mixture of cis and trans;{'sub': 3', '2, ...

METHODS OF DETECTING HIGH ANTIOXIDANT LEVELS DURING ELECTROCHEMICAL MEASUREMENTS AND FAILSAFING AN ANALYTE CONCENTRATION THEREFROM AS WELL AS DEVICES, APPARATUSES AND SYSTEMS INCORPORTING THE SAME

Methods are disclosed for measuring an analyte concentration in a fluidic sample. Such methods further allow one to provide an error code or correct and/or compensate for interferents such as an antioxidant before providing an analyte concentration. The measurement methods utilize information obtained from test sequences having at least one DC block, such as a slow-ramped bi-polar waveform, where a closed circuit condition is maintained during the DC block. The methods use information relating to status of a redox mediator feature during the electrochemical analysis to provide an antioxidant failsafe if the antioxidant is interfering with the analyte concentration. Also disclosed are devices, apparatuses and systems incorporating the various measurement methods. 2. The method of further comprising the step of displaying a failsafe if the level of the antioxidant is above a predetermined threshold.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the failsafe is an error code or a specific failsafe message.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the redox mediator is a nitrosoanaline (NA)-derived redox mediator.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the NA-derived redox mediator is N claim 4 ,N-bis(hydroxyethyl)-3-methoxy-4-nitrosoanaline hydrochloride.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the SRBP waveform is at least one of a triangular potential waveform claim 1 , a trapezoidal potential waveform or a sinusoidal potential waveform.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the SRBP waveform alternates between about −450 mV to about +450 mV at equal ramp rates claim 1 , or wherein the SRBP waveform alternates between about −450 mV to about +450 mV at two different ramp rates.8. The method of claim 7 , where the ramp rates are between about 3 mV/msec and about 9 mV/msec.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the test sequence further comprises a second DC block that includes a sequence alternating between at least one excitation potential and at least one recovery potential claim 1 , wherein a closed ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR OPTICAL ASYNCHRONOUOS SAMPLING SIGNAL MEASUREMENTS

A method and a system for measuring an optical asynchronous sample signal. The system for measuring an optical asynchronous sampling signal comprises a pulsed optical source capable of emitting two optical pulse sequences with different repetition frequencies, a signal optical path, a reference optical path, and a detection device. Since the optical asynchronous sampling signal can be measured by merely using one pulsed optical source, the complexity and cost of the system are reduced. A multi-frequency optical comb system using the pulsed optical source and a method for implementing the multi-frequency optical comb are further disclosed. 1. An apparatus for an optical asynchronous sampling signal measurement comprising:a) a pulsed light source that generates two or more optical pulse sequences with different repetition frequencies from a single pulsed light source, where the two or more optical pulse sequences with different repetition frequencies include a first optical pulse sequence and a second optical pulse sequence;b) a signal light path used to transform the first optical pulse sequence into a signal pulse sequence;c) a reference light path used to transform the second optical pulse sequence into a reference pulse sequence; andd) a detection device to detect the interaction between the signal pulse sequence and the reference pulse sequence and thereby determine the optical asynchronous sampling signal.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , where the pulsed light source contains only one resonant cavity.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , where the optical pulse sequences with two different repetition frequencies are generated simultaneously by a method selected from the group consisting of modal dispersion claim 2 , polarization mode dispersion claim 2 , birefringence and chromatic dispersion in the resonant cavity.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , where the signal light path includes one or more devices selected from the group consisting of optical power amplifiers claim 1 , ...

TRANSFORM METHOD IN PICTURE BLOCK ENCODING, INVERSE TRANSFORM METHOD IN PICTURE BLOCK DECODING, AND APPARATUS

The present disclosure provide a transform method in picture block encoding, an inverse transform method in picture block decoding, and an apparatus. The inverse transform method includes: determining, in a target transform set, a corresponding transform pair of each region of at least two regions that constitute a to-be-decoded current block; inverse transforming each region based on the corresponding transform pair of each region to obtain an inverse transform result of each region; and obtaining an inverse transform result of the current block based on the inverse transform result of each region and a position of each region in the current block, where the at least two regions do not overlap each other, the target transform set includes a correspondence between a transform pair and a position of a region in the current block, and the transform pair includes a horizontal transform core and a vertical transform core. 1. An inverse transform method in picture block decoding , wherein the method is applied in a video decoding device , and comprises:determining, in a target transform set, a corresponding transform pair of each region of at least two regions that constitute a to-be-decoded current block, wherein the at least two regions do not overlap each other, the target transform set comprises a correspondence between a transform pair and a position of a region in the current block, and the transform pair comprises a horizontal transform core and a vertical transform core;inverse transforming each region of the at least two regions based on the corresponding transform pair of each region of the at least two regions to obtain an inverse transform result of each region of the at least two regions; andobtaining an inverse transform result of the current block based on the inverse transform result of each region of the at least two regions and a position of each region of the at least two regions in the current block.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR INTRA PREDICTION OF PICTURE BLOCK

A method and an apparatus and for intra prediction of a picture block are provided, to provide a manner of predicting a current block by using spatial non-adjacent blocks or a temporal neighboring block, thereby improving coding performance. In various embodiments, a first luma intra mode set is constructed; and a bitstream is parsed to obtain a first identifier. In those embodiments, when the first identifier indicates that a luma prediction mode of the current block belongs to the first luma intra mode set, the bitstream is parsed to obtain a second identifier. The second identifier indicates that a candidate luma prediction mode in the first luma intra mode set is used as the luma prediction mode of the current block. Still in those embodiments, a luma prediction value of the current block is obtained based on the luma prediction mode of the current block. 1. A method for intra prediction of a picture block , comprising: the first luma intra mode set is a subset of a plurality of preset candidate luma prediction modes; and', 'the first luma intra mode set comprises a determined luma prediction mode of a picture block that is not spatially adjacent to the current block in a picture in which the current block is located and/or a determined luma prediction mode of a picture block that temporally neighbors to the current block in the picture in which the current block is located;, 'constructing a first luma intra mode set for a current block, wherein'}parsing a received bitstream to obtain a first identifier;when the first identifier indicates that a luma prediction mode of the current block belongs to the first luma intra mode set, parsing the bitstream to obtain a second identifier, wherein the second identifier indicates that a candidate luma prediction mode in the first luma intra mode set is used as the luma prediction mode of the current block; andobtaining a luma prediction value of the current block based on the luma prediction mode of the current block.2. ...

VIDEO CODING METHOD AND APPARATUS

A method and an apparatus are provided for obtaining a motion vector, and disclose application of the method and the apparatus for obtaining a motion vector in a video coding method and apparatus. The method includes: obtaining a first motion vector from a first motion vector set corresponding to a to-be-processed picture block; obtaining a second motion vector through calculation based on the first motion vector, where there is a preset vector difference between the first motion vector and the second motion vector, and the first motion vector and the second motion vector are different; adding the second motion vector to the first motion vector set to constitute a second motion vector set; and obtaining a target motion vector from the second motion vector set. 1. A method for obtaining a motion vector , wherein the method is used for video encoding , and comprises:obtaining a first motion vector from a first motion vector set corresponding to a to-be-processed picture block;obtaining a second motion vector through calculation based on the first motion vector, wherein there is a preset vector difference between the first motion vector and the second motion vector, and the first motion vector and the second motion vector are different;adding the second motion vector to the first motion vector set to constitute a second motion vector set; andobtaining a target motion vector from the second motion vector set.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the obtaining a second motion vector through calculation based on the first motion vector comprises:adding the first motion vector and the preset vector difference to obtain the second motion vector.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein when the method is used for bidirectional prediction claim 2 , the first motion vector comprises a first-directional first motion vector and a second-directional first motion vector claim 2 , the second motion vector comprises a first-directional second motion vector and a second- ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR VIDEO CODING AND DECODING

A method and device for coding and decoding are disclosed. The method includes: dividing a picture to be encoded into several slices, each containing macroblocks continuous in a designated scanning sequence in the picture; dividing slices in the picture into one or more slice sets according to attribute information of the slices, each slice set containing one or more slices; and encoding the slices in the slice sets according to slice and slice set division information to get a coded bit stream of the picture. The decoding method includes: obtaining slice and slice set division information from a bit stream to be decoded and decoding the bit stream according to the obtained slice and slice set division information. The invention improves the performance of video transmission effectively and realizes region based coding. The implementation of coding and decoding is simple and the complexity of coding and decoding systems is reduced. 1. A video coding method , comprising:dividing a picture to be encoded into a plurality of slices;grouping the slices contained in the picture into a plurality of slice sets, each slice set containing one or more of the slices; and encoding a slice set syntax element for a first slice in a current slice set of the plurality of slice sets;', 'using the slice set syntax element as a slice set syntax element of a second slice without encoding a new slice set syntax element for the second slice, wherein the second slice is in the current slice set and after the first slice., 'encoding the slices in the slice sets to get a coded bit stream of the picture, wherein the encoding the slices in the slice sets comprises2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:writing a slice set enable flag in the coded bit stream indicating whether the slice sets are divided in a coding process of a current picture.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the encoding the slices in the slice sets comprises at least one of the following coding ...

SYNTHETIC LIPOAMINO ACID GLUCOSAMINE DERIVATIVES FOR IMPROVEMENT OF PLANT GROWTH AND YIELD

The invention provides compounds, formulations and methods for improving plant emergence, growth and yield. More specifically, the present invention relates to compositions comprising the synthetic lipoamino acid glucosamine compounds of Formula I. These compounds may be applied to plant propagating materials, including seeds and other regenerable plant parts, including cuttings, bulbs, rhizomes and tubers. They may also be applied to foliage, or soil either prior to or following planting of plant propagating materials. Such applications may be made alone or in combination with fungicides, insecticides, nematicides and other agricultural agents used to improve plant growth and crop yield. The compounds of Formula I can improve the agronomic performance of a variety of crops including barley, canola, corn, potato, soybean and wheat. 10. An agricultural composition comprising the compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is present in the formulation at a concentration of 10M to 10M.11. The agricultural composition of claim 10 , wherein the compound is present in the formulation at a concentration of about 10M.12. An agricultural composition comprising the compound of claim 1 , wherein the composition is applied to propagating material of a plant.13. The composition of claim 12 , wherein the plant is a legume.14. The composition of claim 13 , wherein the legume is soybean.15. The composition of claim 12 , wherein the composition is applied to propagating material of the plant to provide improved growth.16. The composition of claim 12 , wherein the propagating material is seed.17. The composition of claim 15 , wherein the composition is applied to seed to accelerate the rate of germination.18. The composition of claim 12 , further comprising one or more insecticides claim 12 , fungicides claim 12 , nematocides claim 12 , bactericides claim 12 , acaricides claim 12 , entomopathogenic bacteria claim 12 , viruses or fungi claim 12 , growth regulators such as rooting ...

Image Filtering Method and Apparatus

An image filtering method and apparatus, where the method includes determining a filter coefficient of a chroma filter based on a filter coefficient of a luma filter, where the luma filter and the chroma filter are respectively applied to perform filtering processing on luma samples and chroma samples of a to-be-processed image, all filter coefficients of the luma filter present a first geometric distribution, all filter coefficients of the chroma filter present a second geometric distribution, the first geometric distribution and the second geometric distribution are similar shapes, and a filter coefficient of the chroma filter at an edge of the second geometric distribution is calculated using one or more filter coefficients of the luma filter at an edge of the first geometric distribution, and respectively performing filtering processing on the luma samples and the chroma samples using the luma filter and the chroma filter. 1. An image filtering method , comprising: determining a filter coefficient of a chroma filter based on a filter coefficient of a tuma filter , wherein all filter coefficients of the luma filter are in a first geometric distribution , and wherein all filter coefficients of the chroma filter are in a second geometric distribution , and a first filter coefficient of the chroma filter at an edge of the second geometric distribution is calculated using one or more second filter coefficients of the luma filter at tlie first geometric distribution;performing first filtering processing on luma samples ami chroma samples of a to-be-processcd image using the luma filter; andperforming second filter processing on chroma samples of the to be processed image using the chroma filter.2. The image filter method of claim 1 , wherein determining the filter coefficient of the chroma filter comprises;determining, based on a first-type filter coefficient of the luma filter, a third-type filter coefticient of the chroma filter; anddetermining, based on second type ...

VIDEO DATA DECODING METHOD, DECODING APPARATUS, ENCODING METHOD, AND ENCODING APPARATUS

The present disclosure disclose a video data decoding method. The method includes: receiving a bitstream; parsing the bitstream to obtain residual data of a current to-be-decoded image block, prediction information of the current to-be-decoded image block, and a pixel value transformation mode identifier of the current to-be-decoded block; obtaining predictors of the current to-be-decoded image block; obtaining reconstructed pixel values of pixels of the current to-be-decoded image block; and performing spatial transformation on the reconstructed pixel values of the pixels of the current to-be-decoded image block according to a pixel value transformation mode corresponding to the transformation mode identifier of the current to-be-decoded image block, to obtain transformed pixel values of the pixels of the current to-be-decoded image block. The embodiments of the present disclosure further disclose a video data encoding method, a decoding apparatus, and an encoding apparatus. 1. A video data decoding method , comprising:receiving a bitstream;parsing the bitstream to obtain a residual data of a current to-be-decoded image block, a prediction information of the current to-be-decoded image block, and a pixel value transformation mode identifier of the current to-be-decoded block, wherein the pixel value transformation mode identifier is used to indicate a pixel value transformation mode of the image block, and the pixel value transformation mode is used to indicate a change manner of a pixel location in the image block in the space domain;obtaining predictors of the current to-be-decoded image block based on the prediction information of the current to-be-decoded image block;obtaining reconstructed pixel values of pixels of the current to-be-decoded image block based on the predictors of the current to-be-decoded image block and the residual data of the current to-be-decoded image block; andperforming spatial transformation on the reconstructed pixel values of the ...

BIDIRECTIONAL INTER PREDICTION METHOD AND TERMINAL BASED ON MOTION VECTOR DIFFERENCE REDUCTION

An inter prediction method includes obtaining predicted motion information of a current image block, where the predicted motion information is used to obtain one or more motion vectors of the current image block, the motion vectors include a forward MV and a backward MV for a bidirectional inter prediction, determining a motion vector difference for the current image block, and calculating the motion vectors based on the predicted motion information and the motion vector difference, where the motion vector difference is shared by the forward MV and the backward MV. 1. A video decoding method , comprising:obtaining an index of predicted motion information of a current image block according to a bitstream, wherein a prediction mode of the current image block is a bidirectional prediction;querying a candidate predicted motion information list based on the index to obtain candidate predicted motion information, wherein the candidate predicted motion information comprises motion information of an adjacent block of the current image block in a time domain or a space domain, and wherein the candidate predicted motion information is used as the predicted motion information comprising a first motion vector prediction value and a second motion vector prediction value;obtaining a motion vector difference according to the bitstream; andobtaining a motion vector of the current image block according to the first motion vector prediction value, the second motion vector prediction value and the motion vector difference, wherein the motion vector difference is reused for the first motion vector prediction value and the second motion vector prediction value.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the motion vector of the current image block comprises a first motion vector value and a second motion vector value claim 1 ,the obtaining the motion vector of the current image block according to the first motion vector prediction value, the second motion vector prediction value and the motion ...

Video Coding With Successive CODECs

A video coding mechanism is disclosed. The mechanism includes at least one pre-encoder configured to pre-encode a received input video signal, and output a pre-encoded video signal. The mechanism also includes an encoder configured to obtain the pre-encoded video signal from the pre-encoder, and encode the pre-encoded video signal as a bitstream for transmitting the bitstream to decoder for decoding. 1. A video coding device , comprising: obtain an input video signal,', 'pre-encode the input video signal, and', 'output a pre-encoded video signal; and, 'at least one pre-encoder configured to 'obtain the pre-encoded video signal from the pre-encoder, and', 'an encoder configured toencode the pre-encoded video signal as a bitstream, in which the bitstream is used to be transmitted to a decoder for decoding.2. The video coding device of claim 1 , wherein pre-encoding the input video signal includes performing modifications to the input video signal at the pre-encoder claim 1 , where the modifications allow the input video signal to be reconstructed after reversing the modifications at a post-decoder.3. The video coding device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one pre-encoder includes a remapping component claim 1 , the remapping component configured to pre-encode the input video signal by applying a function to change a maximum value of the input video signal claim 1 , change a minimum value of the input video signal claim 1 , shift an average value of the input video signal claim 1 , or combinations thereof claim 1 , to compress the input video signal.5. The video coding device of claim 4 , wherein a and b are both equal to 1.12762; m equals 0.14 and p equals 1.4 if I is an PQ signal; and m equals 0.3 and p equals 2.3 if I is a HLG signal.6. The video coding device of claim 3 , wherein the remapping component pre-encodes a luminance (Y) of the input video signal claim 3 , or a chrominance (CbCr) of the input video signal claim 3 , or combinations thereof.7. The video ...

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING GROWTH OF BLUE ALGAE IN WATER AREA BY UTILIZING EUCALYPTUS

A method for controlling the growth of blue algae in a basin relates to the field of the restoration and protection of the natural ecology on the earth's surface. An ecological water treatment system was constructed for the basin with microorganisms, plants, animals, fillers and the like as main elements by building a novel ecological slope protection at the land-lake ecozone along the banks of the basin and planting eucalyptus in the basin water and/or on the bank of the basin, thereby effectively realizing the efficient nitrogen and phosphorus removal from the basin, controlling the spread of blue algae and improving the environmental water quality. 1. A method for controlling the growth of blue algae in a basin , comprising planting trees in the basin water and/or on the banks of the basin.2. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that:the tree is eucalyptus, and preferably through the roots of trees, the pollutants are absorbed or fixed to be removed, thereby inhibiting the growth of blue algae.3. The method according to claim 2 , characterized in that:the method further comprises: collecting eucalyptus leaves; delivering the eucalyptus leaves or eucalyptus leaf extract into the basin water, wherein the eucalyptus leaf extract is a product after water extraction.4. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that:{'b': 100', '100', '110', '120', '110', '125', '120', '100', '125, 'the method further comprises: building an ecological slope protection () in a land-lake ecozone along the bank of the basin, wherein the body of the ecological slope protection () extends into the water of the basin, and has a flexible mattress () laid on the surface thereof; an ecological filter pool () is provided below the flexible mattress (), and it is isolated from the basin water by sealing the pool body and is contained with a filler layer and a support layer () supporting the filler layer; the basin water is introduced into the ecological filter pool (), and ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING SIZE OF TRANSFORM BLOCK

The present disclosure provides a method for obtaining a size of a transform block, where the method includes: obtaining a dividing manner of an image block; and obtaining size information of a post-dividing transform block according to the dividing manner of the image block and a width and a height of a pre-dividing transform block. By using the method for obtaining a size of a transform block provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure, a size of a transform block may be coded according to a dividing manner of an image block or a height and a width of a pre-dividing transform block, thereby effectively improving coding efficiency. 1. A method for obtaining a size of a transform block implemented by hardware comprising a processor , comprising:obtaining a dividing manner of an image block; andobtaining size information of a post-dividing transform block according to the dividing manner of the image block and a width and a height of a pre-dividing transform block.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the obtaining the size information of the post-dividing transform block according to the dividing manner of the image block claim 1 , the width and the height of the pre-dividing transform block comprises:obtaining the size information of the post-dividing transform block according to a numerical relationship between the width and the height of the pre-dividing transform block.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the numerical relationship comprises one of “greater than” claim 2 , “equal to” claim 2 , and “smaller than”.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the obtaining the size information of the post-dividing transform block according to the dividing manner of the image block claim 1 , the width and the height of the pre-dividing transform block comprises:obtaining a dividing direction parameter according to the dividing manner of the image block and a numerical relationship between the width and the height of the pre-dividing ...

Method for Detecting Presence and Location of Defects in a Substrate

A method for detecting the presence and location of defects over a substrate is disclosed. In an embodiment, the method may include: forming a semiconductor material in a plurality of openings in a reference wafer using an epitaxial growth process; performing one or more measurements on the reference wafer to obtain a baseline signal; forming a plurality of gate stacks and stressor regions in a plurality of substrates; after forming the plurality of gate stacks, forming the semiconductor material in a plurality of openings in a batch wafer; performing the one or more measurements on the batch wafer to obtain a batch signal; comparing the batch signal to the baseline signal; and determining whether a defect in present in the plurality of substrates based on the comparison. 1. A method , comprising:forming a dielectric layer over a wafer;forming a plurality of openings extending through the dielectric layer and into the wafer;epitaxially forming a semiconductor material within the plurality of openings;performing one or more measurements for each of the plurality of openings having the semiconductor material formed therein; anddetermining a presence of a defect over a substrate based on the one or more measurements.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more measurements comprises a wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy measurement.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the epitaxially forming the semiconductor material comprises at least one of molecular beam epitaxy claim 1 , liquid phase epitaxy claim 1 , vapor phase epitaxy claim 1 , or selective epitaxial growth.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forming the dielectric layer over the wafer comprises at least one of a chemical vapor deposition claim 1 , a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition claim 1 , a low-pressure chemical vapor deposition claim 1 , or a sub-atmospheric chemical vapor deposition.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the dielectric layer is in a range from about 3 ...

Implantations for Forming Source/Drain Regions of Different Transistors

A method includes forming a gate stack of a transistor. The formation of the gate stack includes forming a silicon oxide layer on a semiconductor region, depositing a hafnium oxide layer over the silicon oxide layer, depositing a lanthanum oxide layer over the hafnium oxide layer, and depositing a work-function layer over the lanthanum oxide layer. Source/drain regions are formed on opposite sides of the gate stack. 1. A method comprising: forming a silicon oxide layer on a semiconductor region;', 'depositing a hafnium oxide layer over the silicon oxide layer;', 'depositing a lanthanum oxide layer over the hafnium oxide layer; and', 'depositing a work-function layer over the lanthanum oxide layer; and, 'forming a first gate stack of a first transistor comprisingforming first source/drain regions on opposite sides of the first gate stack.2. The method of further comprising depositing a hafnium silicate layer between the silicon oxide layer and the hafnium oxide layer.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the hafnium silicate layer has a hafnium atomic percentage lower than about 10 percent.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the silicon oxide layer is free from hafnium.5. The method of further comprising depositing a lanthanum silicon oxide layer over the lanthanum oxide layer.6. The method of further comprising:removing the lanthanum oxide layer and the hafnium oxide layer; anddepositing an additional hafnium oxide layer over the silicon oxide layer.7. The method of further comprising depositing a titanium silicon nitride layer over the lanthanum oxide layer.8. A method comprising:forming a silicon oxide layer comprising a first portion and a second portion over a first semiconductor region and a second semiconductor region, respectively;depositing a first hafnium oxide layer comprising a first portion and a second portion over the first portion and the second portion, respectively, of the silicon oxide layer;depositing a lanthanum oxide layer comprising a first portion ...

METHODS OF SCALING DATA USED TO CONSTRUCT BIOSENSOR ALGORITHMS AS WELL AS DEVICES, APPARATUSES AND SYSTEMS INCORPORATING THE SAME

Methods are disclosed for scaling body fluid analysis data to correct and/or compensate for confounding variables such as hematocrit (Hct), temperature, variations in electrode conductivity or combinations thereof before providing an analyte concentration. The scaling methods utilize current response data obtained from an AC block applied prior to a DC block to minimize the impact of such confounding variables upon the observed DC current response before creating descriptors or algorithms. The scaling methods therefore compensate the measured DC current by using data from the AC block made on the same sample. Also disclosed are devices, apparatuses and systems incorporating the various scaling methods. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the AC block comprises a multi-frequency excitation waveform of at least two different frequencies.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the frequencies are about 10 kHz claim 2 , about 20 kHz claim 2 , about 10 kHz claim 2 , about 2 kHz and about 1 kHz claim 2 , and wherein each is applied for about 0.5 sec to about 1.5 sec.4. The method of any of claim 1 , wherein the at least one DC block includes at least one pulse to about ten pulses at a potential that alternates between about 0 mV to about +450 mV claim 1 , and wherein each pulse is applied for about 50 msec to about 500 msec.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein each DC pulse at about +450 mV is applied for about 250 msec claim 4 , and each DC pulse at about 0 mV is applied for about 500 msec.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first constant and the second constant are a pre-determined median resistance value.7. The method of further comprising the step of estimating the analyte concentration based upon scaled amperometric data.8. The method of further comprising the step of providing a failsafe that incorporates Ras a parameter into a failsafe algorithm claim 1 , wherein the failsafe prevents reporting or displaying of the analyte concentration if the variations in electrode ...

Method And Apparatus Of Derivation For A Binary Partition Pattern

There is disclosed a method, device and computer-readable storage medium for decoding video data. The method includes: obtaining a reference sample array of a video block; obtaining a sum of the reference sample array; calculating a threshold by performing arithmetic right shift to the sum, a shift value of the arithmetic right shift being determined according to size information of the video block; and determining the binary partition pattern by comparing the reference sample array with the threshold. 1. A method of derivation for a binary partition pattern used for coding video data , comprising:obtaining a reference sample array of a video block;obtaining a sum of the reference sample array;calculating a threshold by performing arithmetic right shift to the sum, a shift value of-the arithmetic right shift being determined according to size information of the video block; anddetermining the binary partition pattern by comparing the reference sample array with the threshold.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the video block is any of the following: a block of a texture component of the video data claim 1 , and a block of a depth component of the video data.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the size information of the video block is represented by any of the following:a block size, a number of bits representing the block size, logarithmic representation of the block size, and a coding tree depth value of the video block corresponding to the block size.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the binary partition pattern is a contour partition pattern used for depth coding.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the binary partition pattern is a wedgelet partition pattern used for depth coding.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the binary partition pattern is a contour partition pattern used in inter-component prediction for depth coding.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reference sample array relates to a transform block of the video block.8. The method of claim 1 , ...

BURNTHROUGH RESISTANT LAMINATE FILM

A burnthrough resistant laminate film is described. Embodiments of the burnthrough resistant laminate film include a glass layer, a first film, a second film, and an adhesive. The glass layer can include a high purity silicon dioxide cloth. The first film and the second film can be adapted to be fire retardant. The adhesive can include at least one inorganic filler adapted to negate heat transfer. The glass layer, the first film, and the second film can be coupled together by the adhesive and thermally laminated. 1. A burnthrough resistant laminate comprising:a first layer being a first film;a second layer being a silicon dioxide cloth comprising at least 97 percent pure silicon dioxide fibers;a third layer being a second film; andan adhesive compounded with at least one inorganic filler, wherein (i) the adhesive is located between (a) the first layer and the second layer and (b) the second layer and the third layer, and (ii) the silicon dioxide cloth is impregnated with the adhesive;wherein the first film and the second film each comprise polyetheretherketone.24-. (canceled)5. The burnthrough resistant laminate of claim 1 , wherein the silicon dioxide fibers are bundled into a plurality of rovings claim 1 , each roving having a linear mass density between 10-25 tex.6. The burnthrough resistant laminate of claim 5 , wherein the plurality of rovings are weaved in a plain weave.7. The burnthrough resistant laminate of claim 1 , wherein the adhesive is a drying adhesive.8. The burnthrough resistant laminate of claim 1 , wherein the at least one inorganic filler is selected from the group consisting of mica claim 1 , vermiculite claim 1 , ceramic fibers claim 1 , titanium dioxide claim 1 , fumed silica claim 1 , and silica microfiber.9. The burnthrough resistant laminate of claim 1 , wherein the adhesive is compounded with at least two inorganic fillers selected from the group consisting of mica claim 1 , vermiculite claim 1 , ceramic fibers claim 1 , titanium dioxide ...

NOVEL ECOLOGICAL SLOPE PROTECTION WITH EFFICIENT WATER PURIFICATION FUNCTION AND ECOLOGICAL IMPROVMENT METHOD

An ecological slope protection has an efficient water purification function, built in a land-lake ecozone along the bank of a basin, wherein the body of the ecological slope protection extends into the water of the basin, and has a flexible mattress laid on the surface thereof; an ecological filter pool is provided below the flexible mattress and is isolated from the water of the basin by means of the pool body; the ecological filter pool is contained with a filler layer and a support layer, and the filler layer is supported by the support layer; the sewage pretreated via a sedimentation pool is introduced into the ecological filter pool and treated by the filler layer to clean up pollutants therein and reduce its eutrophication level; and the treated sewage is discharged from the ecological slope protection via the support layer and enters the basin. 1100110120110. A novel ecological slope protection with efficient water purification function , built in a land-lake ecozone along the bank of a basin , wherein the body of the ecological slope protection () extends into the water of the basin , and has a flexible mattress () laid on the surface thereof; and an ecological filter pool () is provided below the flexible mattress ().2. The ecological slope protection according to claim 1 , wherein:{'b': ['120', '120', '125', '120', '120', '125'], '#text': 'the ecological filter pool () is isolated from the basin water by sealing the pool body; preferably, the ecological filter pool () is contained with a filler layer and a support layer () supporting the filler layer; the sewage is introduced into the ecological filter pool () and treated by the filler layer to clean up pollutants therein and reduce its eutrophication level; and the treated sewage is discharged from the ecological filter pool () via the support layer () and enters the basin.'}3. The ecological slope protection according to claim 1 , wherein:{'b': ['100', '110', '100'], '#text': 'a plurality of the ...

VIDEO CODING METHOD AND APPARATUS

Embodiments of this application disclose a method for obtaining a motion vector, including: determining a reference block of a to-be-processed block, wherein the reference block and the to-be-processed block have a preset temporal or spatial correlation, the reference block is obtained based on a prediction block of the reference block determined by a refined initial motion vector, the refined initial motion vector is obtained based on an initial motion vector and one or more preset motion vector offsets, and the initial motion vector is obtained based on a predicted motion vector of the reference block; and using the initial motion vector as a predicted motion vector of the to-be-processed block. 1. A method for obtaining a motion vector , comprising:determining a reference block of a to-be-processed block, wherein the reference block and the to-be-processed block have a preset temporal or spatial correlation, the reference block is obtained based on a prediction block of the reference block determined by a refined initial motion vector, the refined initial motion vector is obtained based on an initial motion vector and one or more preset motion vector offsets, and the initial motion vector is obtained based on a predicted motion vector of the reference block; andusing the initial motion vector as a predicted motion vector of the to-be-processed block.2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:using the predicted motion vector of the reference block as the initial motion vector of the reference block to obtain the initial motion vector; oradding the predicted motion vector of the reference block and a motion vector difference of the reference block to obtain the initial motion vector.3. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:using the predicted motion vector of the to-be-processed block as an initial motion vector of the to-be-processed block.4. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:adding the predicted motion vector of the ...

FinFET Device and Methods of Forming Same

A FinFET device and method of forming the same are disclosed. The method includes forming a gate dielectric layer and depositing a metal oxide layer over the gate dielectric layer. The method also includes annealing the gate dielectric layer and the metal oxide layer, causing ions to diffuse from the metal oxide layer to the gate dielectric layer to form a doped gate dielectric layer. The method also includes forming a work function layer over the doped gate dielectric layer, and forming a gate electrode over the work function layer. 1. A method , comprising:forming a gate dielectric layer;depositing a metal oxide layer over the gate dielectric layer;annealing the gate dielectric layer and the metal oxide layer, causing ions to diffuse from the metal oxide layer to the gate dielectric layer to form a doped gate dielectric layer;forming a work function layer over the doped gate dielectric layer; andforming a gate electrode over the work function layer.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide layer comprises lanthanum oxide claim 1 , and wherein lanthanum ions diffuse from the metal oxide layer to the gate dielectric layer.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein annealing the gate dielectric layer and the metal oxide layer comprises raising the temperature of the gate dielectric layer and the metal oxide layer to a temperature of about 300° C. to about 550° C.4. The method of according to claim 3 , wherein the anneal process has a duration of about 1 minute to about 3 minutes.5. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:forming a silicon cap over the work function layer; ANDperforming a backside cleaning process.6. The method according to claim 5 , further comprising annealing the silicon cap claim 5 , the annealing causing silicon ions to diffuse from the silicon cap into the work function layer.7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the work function layer covers sidewalls of the doped gate dielectric layer along an edge of ...

STRUCTURE AND METHOD FOR HIGH-K METAL GATE

A method of forming a gate dielectric material includes forming a high-K dielectric material in a first region over a substrate, where forming the high-K dielectric material includes forming a first dielectric layer comprising hafnium over the substrate, and forming a second dielectric layer comprising lanthanum over the first dielectric layer. 1. A method of forming a gate dielectric material , the method comprising:forming an interface material in a first region over a substrate; and forming a first dielectric layer comprising hafnium lanthanum oxide over the substrate; and', 'forming a second dielectric layer comprising lanthanum over the first dielectric layer., 'forming a high-K dielectric material in the first region over the interface material, wherein forming the high-K dielectric material comprises2. (canceled)3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the second dielectric layer comprises lanthanum aluminum oxide.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the high-K dielectric material further comprises forming a third dielectric layer comprising hafnium oxide under the first dielectric layer claim 1 , wherein the first dielectric layer is between the third dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming a fourth dielectric layer comprising an oxide of the substrate; and', 'forming a fifth dielectric layer comprising a hafnium doped material of the fourth dielectric layer, wherein the fifth dielectric layer is between the fourth dielectric layer and the high-K dielectric material., 'forming the interface material comprises6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the fourth dielectric layer comprises silicon oxide claim 5 , and the fifth dielectric layer comprises hafnium silicate.7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising forming a capping layer comprising titanium silicon nitride over the high-K dielectric material.8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising performing a first anneal process after forming the capping ...

ENCODING METHOD AND APPARATUS, AND DECODING METHOD AND APPARATUS

Embodiments of this application relate to the video coding and compression field, and disclose an encoding method and apparatus, and a decoding method and apparatus, to resolve a problem that an existing split mode cannot satisfy a relatively complex texture requirement. The decoding method specifically includes: parsing a bitstream to determine a basic split mode for a current to-be-decoded picture block and a target derivation mode for a subpicture block of the current to-be-decoded picture block; splitting the current to-be-decoded picture block into N subpicture blocks in the basic split mode, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2; deriving one derived picture block from at least two adjacent subpicture blocks in the N subpicture blocks in the target derivation mode; and decoding the derived picture block. 1. A decoding method , comprising:parsing a bitstream to determine a basic split mode for a current to-be-decoded picture block and a target derivation mode for a subpicture block of the current to-be-decoded picture block, wherein the target derivation mode is one derivation mode in a candidate derivation mode set, the candidate derivation mode set comprises M preset derivation modes, the preset derivation mode is used to indicate a derivation manner, the derivation manner is used for deriving one derived picture block from any two adjacent subpicture blocks of the current to-be-decoded picture block, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 0;splitting the current to-be-decoded picture block into N subpicture blocks in the basic split mode, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 2;deriving a first derived picture block from at least two adjacent subpicture blocks in the N subpicture blocks in a derivation manner indicated by the target derivation mode; anddecoding the first derived picture block.2. A decoding method , comprising:parsing a bitstream to determine a basic split mode for a current to-be-decoded picture block and a ...

METHODS OF MODULATING IMMUNE RESPONSES BY MODULATING TIM-1, TIM-2 AND TIM-4 FUNCTION

The invention relates to methods of modulating immune responses in a subject such as by administering to the subject agents which modulate tim-1, tim-2 or tim-4 activity, or which modulate the physical interaction between tim-1 and tim-4 or between tim-2 and a tim-2 ligand. Immune responses include, but are not limited to, autoimmune disorders, transplantation tolerance, and Th1 and Th2-mediated responses and disorders. The invention also relates to novel assays for identifying agents which modulate the physical interaction between tim-1 and tim-4. In addition, the invention relates to novel soluble tim-4 polypeptides and to nucleic acids which encode them. 1. A method of treating or preventing a Th1-mediated disorder in a subject in need of such treatment, the method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an agent that reduces expression or activity of tim-1, tim-2 or tim-4 in the subject. This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/750,092 filed on Jan. 25, 2013, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/767,434 filed on Apr. 26, 2010, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/080,091 filed on Mar. 14, 2005, issued on Jun. 22, 2010 as U.S. Pat. No. 7,741,271, which claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/552,523 filed Mar. 12, 2004, and of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/622,559 filed Oct. 27, 2004, the contents of each of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.The invention described herein was supported, in whole or in part, by the National Institute of Health Grant Nos. 1R01NSO45937-01, 2R01NS35685-06, 2R37NS30843-11, 1R01AI44880-03, 2P01AI39671-07, 1P01NS38037-04 and 1F31GM20927-01. The United States government has certain rights in the invention.The instant application contains a Sequence Listing which has been submitted in ASCII format via EFS-Web and is hereby incorporated by ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CODING MATRIX AND METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DECODING MATRIX

A methods and apparatus for coding and decoding a MATRIX. The coding method includes: dividing a MATRIX into layers according to a preset quantity of layers, and grouping MATRIX elements into different layers; performing, according to a determined to-be-coded layer number and in an order of layers one by one, coding processing on MATRIX elements at each layer to be coded; for a layer having a layer number less than or equal to the to-be-coded layer number, writing residual data between an original MATRIX element value corresponding to the layer and a corresponding MATRIX element predicted value into a bit stream; for a layer having a layer number greater than the to-be-coded layer number, writing no coded data of the layer into the bit stream; and coding the to-be-coded layer number and writing the coded layer number of the coded layer into the bit stream. 1. A method for decoding a matrix in video decoding , the method comprising:decoding a bit stream to obtain a to-be-decoded layer number of the matrix;when a layer number of a current layer is less than or equal to the to-be-decoded layer number of the matrix, obtaining, according to decoded data of the current layer which is decoded from the bit stream, a matrix element reconstruction value corresponding to the current layer;when the layer number of the current layer is greater than the to-be-decoded layer number of the matrix, obtaining, according to matrix element reconstruction values corresponding to one or more layers decoded before the current layer or previously reconstructed matrix element reconstruction values, the matrix element reconstruction value corresponding to the current layer; andobtaining, a reconstructed matrix of the matrix based on matrix element reconstruction values corresponding to each layer of a plurality of layers of the matrix.2. The method for decoding a matrix according to claim 1 , wherein the to-be-decoded layer number of the matrix represents which layers have corresponding ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR NON-UNIFORM MAPPING FOR QUANTIZATION MATRIX COEFFICIENTS BETWEEN DIFFERENT SIZES OF QUANTIZATION MATRICES IN IMAGE/VIDEO CODING

A method for non-uniform mapping for quantization matrix coefficients between different sizes of quantization matrices in image/video coding includes obtaining a first quantization matrix and identifying a second quantization matrix to be formed therefrom. The second quantization matrix is a factor of two larger than the first quantization matrix. The second quantization matrix is populated with values from the first matrix through non-uniform mapping of the first quantization matrix. Non-uniform mapping to populate the second quantization matrix includes directly mapping values of all or a portion of the first quantization matrix into a most upper left portion of the second quantization matrix and mapping up-sampling values of the first quantization matrix into a remaining portion of the second quantization matrix. A frequency position pattern may be applied to the first quantization matrix to directly map only those values within the frequency position pattern into a most upper left portion of the second quantization matrix. 1. A method for non-uniform mapping for quantization matrix coefficients between different sizes of quantization matrices in image/video coding , the method comprising:obtaining a first quantization matrix;identifying a second quantization matrix to be formed from the first quantization matrix, the second quantization matrix being a factor of two larger than the first quantization matrix; andpopulating the second quantization matrix with values from the first quantization matrix through non-uniform mapping of the first quantization matrix.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein populating the second quantization matrix includes:directly mapping values of the first quantization matrix into a most upper left portion of the second quantization matrix; andmapping up-sampling values of the first quantization matrix into a remaining portion of the second quantization matrix.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the up-sampling values are the up-sampling ...

Construction method of software accelerated testing technology based on noise resonance

A construction method of a software accelerated testing technology based on a noise resonance includes steps of: (1), collecting a source code of software to be tested; (2), automatically generating software test cases based on an intelligent evolving method, until information same or similar as a fault phenomenon is searched; (3), starting a saturation noise mode, and meanwhile exerting all controllable noise sources at a maximum intensity; (4), exerting all the controllable noise sources at a minimum intensity; (5), starting a strategy noise interference mode, and generating a noise resonance; (6), continuously exerting noises at a noise intensity able to generate the noise resonance; and (7), generating effective test sequences. Through the above steps, construction of the software accelerated testing technology based on the noise resonance is completed, which helps software testers accelerate recurrence of a software fault during testing and update the software to increase a reliability thereof. 1. A construction method of a software accelerated testing technology based on a noise resonance , comprising steps of:(1), collecting a source code of software to be tested;(2), automatically generating software test cases based on an intelligent evolving method, until information same or similar as a fault phenomenon is searched;(3), starting a saturation noise mode, and meanwhile exerting all controllable noise sources at a maximum intensity;(4), exerting all the controllable noise sources at a minimum intensity;(5), starting a strategy noise interference mode, and generating a noise resonance;(6), continuously exerting noises at a noise intensity able to generate the noise resonance; and(7), generating effective test sequences;wherein: through the above steps, construction of the software accelerated testing technology based on the noise resonance is completed; when the information same or similar as the fault phenomenon is searched by an evolving testing method, ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR OPTICAL ASYNCHRONOUOS SAMPLING SIGNAL MEASUREMENTS

A method and a system for measuring an optical asynchronous sample signal. The system for measuring an optical asynchronous sampling signal comprises a pulsed optical source capable of emitting two optical pulse sequences with different repetition frequencies, a signal optical path, a reference optical path, and a detection device. Since the optical asynchronous sampling signal can be measured by merely using one pulsed optical source, the complexity and cost of the system are reduced. A multi-frequency optical comb system using the pulsed optical source and a method for implementing the multi-frequency optical comb are further disclosed. 139-. (canceled)40. A method for measuring an optical asynchronous sampling signal comprising the steps of:a) generating a first optical pulse sequence with a first repetition frequency (f1) from a pulsed light source;b) generating at least a second optical pulse sequence with a second repetition frequency (f2) from the pulsed light source, where f1 is different from f2, and where a difference in repetition frequency (Δf) between f1 and f2 is equal to the absolute value of f1 less f2;c) passing the first optical pulse sequence through a signal optical path to transform the first optical pulse sequence into a signal pulse sequence;d) passing the second optical pulse sequence through a reference optical path to transform the second optical pulse sequence into a reference pulse sequence; ande) passing the signal pulse sequence and the reference pulse sequence into a detection device to generate an asynchronous sampling signal determined by f1 and f2.41. The method of claim 40 , further comprising the step of performing a time-axis transformation on the asynchronous sampling signal to obtain a transformed asynchronous sampling signal using transform formula ΔT=τΔf/f1 claim 40 , wherein Δτ is temporal position of the asynchronous sampling signal claim 40 , ΔT is actual temporal position determined after the time-axis transformation ...

Motion Vector Determining Method and Apparatus

A motion vector determining method includes a first matched distortion value between a forward prediction block and a backward prediction block of a current block is calculated. A matched distortion value between a first prediction block and a fifth prediction block, a matched distortion value between a second prediction block and a sixth prediction block, a matched distortion value between a third prediction block and a seventh prediction block, and a matched distortion value between a fourth prediction block and an eighth prediction block are calculated. A target forward prediction block and a target backward prediction block are determined based on a value relationship between the matched distortion values. A target motion vector of the current block is determined based on the target forward prediction block and the target backward prediction block.

Method and apparatus for optical asynchronouos sampling signal measurements

A method and a system for measuring an optical asynchronous sample signal. The system for measuring an optical asynchronous sampling signal comprises a pulsed optical source capable of emitting two optical pulse sequences with different repetition frequencies, a signal optical path, a reference optical path, and a detection device. Since the optical asynchronous sampling signal can be measured by merely using one pulsed optical source, the complexity and cost of the system are reduced. A multi-frequency optical comb system using the pulsed optical source and a method for implementing the multi-frequency optical comb are further disclosed.

Dopant Concentration Boost in Epitaxially Formed Material

A dopant boost in the source/drain regions of a semiconductor device, such as a transistor can be provided. A semiconductor device can include a doped epitaxy of a first material having a plurality of boosting layers embedded within. The boosting layers can be of a second material different from the first material. Another device can include a source/drain feature of a transistor. The source/drain feature includes a doped source/drain material and one or more embedded distinct boosting layers. A method includes growing a boosting layer in a recess of a substrate, where the boosting layer is substantially free of dopant. The method also includes growing a layer of doped epitaxy in the recess on the boosting layer. 1. A semiconductor device comprising: a plurality of doped first material layers; and', 'one or more boosting layers comprising a second material, each one of the one or more boosting layers being between two layers of the plurality of doped first material layers, each of the one or more boosting layers being thinner than the each of the plurality of doped first material layers,, 'a doped epitaxy embedded in a substrate, the doped epitaxy comprisingwherein a gradient of dopant concentration is formed within the doped epitaxy from layer to layer.2. The semiconductor device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of doped first material layers each comprises an n-type dopant and silicon claim 1 , and wherein the second material comprises silicon claim 1 , silicon carbon claim 1 , or carbon.3. The semiconductor device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of doped first material layers each comprises a p-type dopant and silicon germanium claim 1 , and wherein the second material comprises silicon germanium claim 1 , silicon germanium carbon claim 1 , or carbon.4. The semiconductor device of claim 1 , further comprising:a gate stack formed over a channel region of a transistor; anda source/drain feature on either side of the gate stack wherein the source/drain feature ...

FULLY STRAINED CHANNEL

The present disclosure describes an exemplary method to form p-type fully strained channel (PFSC) or an n-type fully strained channel (NFSC) that can mitigate epitaxial growth defects or structural deformations in the channel region due to processing. The exemplary method can include (i) two or more surface pre-clean treatment cycles with nitrogen trifluoride (NF) and ammonia (NH) plasma, followed by a thermal treatment; (ii) a prebake (anneal); and (iii) a silicon germanium epitaxial growth with a silicon seed layer, a silicon germanium seed layer, or a combination thereof. 1. A method comprising:providing a doped region on a top portion of a substrate;growing a first epitaxial layer on the doped region;forming a well in the first epitaxial layer that is aligned to the doped region, wherein the well comprises a bottom surface of the first epitaxial layer; exposing the well to a plasma; and', 'performing an anneal; and, 'performing one or more surface pre-clean treatment cycles, wherein each surface pre-clean treatment cycle comprises performing a prebake at a first temperature;', 'forming a seed layer on the bottom surface of the first epitaxial layer at a second temperature; and', 'forming the second epitaxial layer on the seed layer at a third temperature to fill the well., 'forming a second epitaxial layer in the well, wherein forming the second epitaxial layer comprises2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:disposing a photoresist over the second epitaxial layer;forming at least two openings in the photoresist to expose at least two respective portions of the second epitaxial layer; and etching through the at least two openings in the photoresist to remove the second epitaxial layer, the seed layer, the first epitaxial layer, and a portion of the doped region; and', 'forming a dielectric layer around the fin., 'forming a fin, wherein forming the fin comprises3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the fin comprises a bottom section with the doped region claim ...

System and Method for Depth Map Coding for Smooth Depth Map Area

A method for coding a coding unit that is coded with a single sample value is provided. The method selects a coding pattern from at least two predetermined coding patterns, each of which includes a plurality of boundary neighboring samples of the coding unit that have been reconstructed, and decodes the coding unit according to a value of at least one of the plurality of boundary neighboring samples of the selected coding pattern that is available. 1. A method for decoding a coding unit which is coded with a single sample value , comprising:selecting, by a processing system, a coding pattern from at least two predetermined coding patterns, each of the at least two coding patterns comprising at least one of the positions of boundary neighboring samples that have been reconstructed, wherein a boundary neighboring sample is a boundary sample of a neighboring coding unit of the coding unit; anddecoding, by the processing system, the coding unit, if at least one of the boundary neighboring samples indicated by the corresponding positions comprised in the selected coding pattern is available, according to a value of the at least one of the boundary neighboring samples indicated by the selected coding pattern.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining availability of at least one of the boundary neighboring samples indicated by the selected coding pattern by the processing system.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising decoding the coding unit according to a default value claim 1 , when the plurality of boundary neighboring samples of the selected coding pattern are not available.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the default value is predetermined or calculated.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein decoding the coding unit according to a value of the at least one of the boundary neighboring samples indicated by the selected coding pattern comprises:using the value of the at least one of the boundary neighboring samples indicated by the selected coding ...

Reference Pixel Selection and Filtering for Intra Coding of Depth Map

A video codec configured to receive a current block and a plurality of neighboring pixels, wherein the current block comprises a first partition and a second partition, select one or more reference pixels from the plurality of neighboring pixels, and predict a plurality of pixels located in the second partition based on the reference pixels. 1. A video codec configured to:receive a current block and a plurality of neighboring pixels, wherein the current block comprises a first partition and a second partition;select one or more reference pixels from the plurality of neighboring pixels; andpredict a plurality of pixels located in the second partition based on the reference pixels.2. The video codec of claim 1 , further configured to determine whether to filter the reference pixels before predicting the pixels in the second partition claim 1 , wherein the determination is based on at least one of an intra prediction mode of the current block and a size of the current block.3. The video codec of claim 2 , further configured to generate a filtered reference pixel by filtering the reference pixels when the size of the current block falls within a predefined range claim 2 , wherein the filtered reference pixel is generated as a linear combination of a plurality of reference pixels across multiple rows or multiple columns claim 2 , and wherein the plurality of pixels in the second partition are predicted using the filtered reference pixel.4. The video codec of claim 2 , further configured to generate a filtered reference pixel by filtering the reference pixels when an index of the intra prediction mode falls within a predefined range claim 2 , wherein the filtered reference pixel is generated as a linear combination of a plurality of reference pixels claim 2 , and wherein the plurality of pixels in the second partition are predicted using the filtered reference pixel.5. The video codec of claim 2 , further configured to insert a binary flag into a bitstream comprising ...

VIDEO ENCODING METHOD, VIDEO DECODING METHOD, VIDEO ENCODER, AND VIDEO DECODER

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a video encoding method, a video decoding method, a video encoder, and a video decoder. The video encoding method includes: obtaining a to-be-encoded HDR image frame, where the HDR image frame includes multiple image blocks; determining, in multiple preset optical-electro transfer functions according to a statistical luminance value of each of the multiple image blocks, an optical-electro transfer function corresponding to the image block; performing optical-to-electrical conversion on the image block according to the optical-electro transfer function corresponding to the image block; and encoding the multiple image blocks on which the optical-to-electrical conversion has been performed. According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, one corresponding optical-electro transfer function is set for each image block, so as to improve a video encoding effect and better adapt to an existing video encoding framework. 1. A video encoding method , comprising:obtaining a to-be-encoded high dynamic range HDR image frame, wherein the HDR image frame comprises multiple image blocks;determining, in multiple preset optical-electro transfer functions according to a statistical luminance value of each of the multiple image blocks, an optical-electro transfer function corresponding to the image block;performing optical-to-electrical conversion on the image block according to the optical-electro transfer function corresponding to the image block; andencoding the multiple image blocks on which the optical-to-electrical conversion has been performed.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the determining claim 1 , in multiple preset optical-electro transfer functions according to a statistical luminance value of each of the multiple image blocks claim 1 , an optical-electro transfer function corresponding to the image block comprises:separately determining function values of the multiple preset optical-electro transfer ...

POWER CONVERTER AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

A power converter includes a carrier, a first electronic component, a second electronic component, and a connection part. The first electronic component is disposed on the bottom surface of the carrier. The second electronic component is disposed on the top surface of the carrier. A first terminal of the connection part is coupled to the top surface or the bottom surface of the carrier. A second terminal of the connection part is a bonding pad and attached to the first electronic component's surface apart from the carrier. The carrier is disposed at ⅓ to ⅔ of a height of the power-converter. The connection part is fabricated by mechanical support of the first electronic component. 1. A power converter , comprising: an upper surface; and', 'a lower surface;, 'a carrier, comprisinga first electronic component disposed at the lower surface of the carrier;a second electronic component disposed at the upper surface of the carrier; and a first terminal electrically coupled to the upper surface or the lower surface of the carrier; and', 'a second terminal attached to a surface of the first electronic component apart from the carrier, wherein the second terminal of the first connection part is a bonding pad;, 'a first connection part, comprisingwherein the carrier is disposed at ⅓ to ⅔ of a height of the power converter, and wherein the first connection part is fabricated by mechanical support of the first electronic component.2. The power converter of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of first electronic components and a plurality of second electronic components claim 1 , wherein a first height is defined as a vertical height between the highest one of the first electronic components and the lower surface of the carrier claim 1 , a second height is defined as a vertical height between the highest one of the second electronic components and the upper surface of the carrier claim 1 , and the height of the power converter is calculated by adding the first height claim ...

POWER CONVERTING DEVICE

A power converter device includes a power element module, a conductor, and a magnetic-conductive assembly. The power element module includes at least two electrodes and a power semiconductor unit. Voltage among these electrodes is AC voltage. The power semiconductor unit includes at least one pure die, and the pure die includes plural surfaces. The surface which occupies the most area of the pure die is the pure die surface. The conductor is coupled to the power element module. A current loop forms between the power element module and the conductor. A magnetic loop forms in the magnetic-conductive assembly. The magnetic-conductive assembly includes a chamber. The current loop passes through the chamber and intersects the magnetic loop to form inductance which the current loop needs. A part of the power element module is disposed in the chamber. 1. A power converting device , comprising: at least two electrodes, wherein voltage among the at least two electrodes is AC voltage; and', 'at least one pure die including a plurality of surfaces,', 'a power semiconductor unit, comprising, 'wherein the surface which occupies a most area of the at least one pure die is a pure die surface;, 'a power element module, comprisinga conductor coupled to the power element module, wherein a current loop forms between the power element module and the conductor; and 'a chamber, wherein the current loop passes through the chamber, and intersects the magnetic loop to form inductance which the current loop needs, wherein a part of the power element module is disposed in the chamber;', 'a magnetic-conductive assembly, wherein a magnetic loop forms in the magnetic-conductive assembly, wherein the magnetic-conductive assembly compriseswherein an included angle between the pure die surface and an axis of the current loop is less than or equal to 45 degrees, or more than 70% of AC current of the current loop flows through the conductor.213. The power converting device of claim 1 , wherein the ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CODING MATRIX AND METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DECODING MATRIX

The present disclosure provides a method and an apparatus for coding or decoding a matrix, includes: dividing a matrix into layers according to a preset quantity of divided layers, and grouping matrix elements into different layers; performing, according to a determined layer number of a highest layer to be coded and in an order of layers one by one, coding processing on matrix elements at each layer to be coded; for a layer having a layer number less than or equal to the layer number of the highest layer to be coded, writing residual data between an original matrix element value corresponding to the layer and a corresponding matrix element predicted value into a bit stream; for a layer having a layer number greater than the layer number of the highest layer to be coded, writing no coded data of the layer into the bit stream. 1. A method for decoding a matrix for video signal , the method comprising:decoding a bit stream to obtain a layer number of a highest layer that is coded of a matrix;obtaining, according to the layer number of the highest layer that is coded and coded data of each layer in the matrix, which has a layer number less than or equal to the layer number of the highest layer that is coded, wherein the coded data is obtained by decoding the bit stream, a matrix element reconstruction value corresponding to each layer having the layer number less than or equal to the layer number of the highest layer that is coded in an order of layers one by one; andobtaining, by performing a calculation on the matrix element reconstruction value corresponding to the layer having the layer number less than or equal to the layer number of the highest layer that is coded, a matrix element reconstruction value corresponding to each layer having a layer number greater than the layer number of the highest layer that is coded.2. The method for decoding a matrix according to claim 1 , wherein the obtaining claim 1 , by performing a calculation on the matrix element ...

Intra-Frame Prediction Method and Apparatus

A method for decoding an intra-frame prediction mode includes determining a first mode set comprising intra-frame prediction modes of available neighborhood reconstruction units in preset positions of the current to-be-decoded unit and at least one non-directional prediction mode, and parsing the bitstream to obtain a second identifier used to indicate a candidate intra-frame prediction mode in the first mode set that is used as the intra-frame prediction mode of the current to-be-decoded unit, and a codeword length of the second identifier indicating one of the at least one non-directional prediction mode as the intra-frame prediction mode of the current to-be-decoded unit is not less than a codeword length of any second identifier indicating an intra-frame prediction mode of an available neighborhood reconstruction unit in a preset position of the current to-be-decoded unit as the intra-frame prediction mode of the current to-be-decoded unit. 1. A method for decoding an intra-frame prediction mode , comprising:parsing a bitstream to obtain a first identifier indicating that an intra-frame prediction mode of a current to-be-decoded unit belongs to a first mode set, wherein the first mode set is a subset of a plurality of preset candidate intra-frame prediction modes, and wherein the first mode set comprises a plurality of intra-frame prediction modes of available neighborhood reconstruction units in preset positions of the current to-be-decoded unit and at least one non-directional prediction mode; andparsing the bitstream to obtain a second identifier in response to determining, based on the first identifier, that the intra-frame prediction mode of the current to-be-decoded unit belongs to the first mode set,wherein the second identifier indicates a candidate intra-frame prediction mode in the first mode set that is the intra-frame prediction mode of the current to-be-decoded unit, andwherein a codeword length of an identifier indicating one of the at least one ...

STRUCTURE OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE WITH SOURCE/DRAIN STRUCTURES

Structures of a semiconductor device are provided. The semiconductor device includes a substrate, a gate structure over the substrate, and a first recess and a second recess in the substrate and at opposite sides of the gate structure. The semiconductor device also includes two source/drain structures over the first recess and the second recess respectively. At least one of the source/drain structures includes a first doped region partially filling in the first recess, a second doped region over the first doped region, and a third doped region over the second doped region. The second doped region contains more dopants than the first doped region or the third doped region. 1. A semiconductor device , comprising:a substrate;a gate structure over the substrate;a first recess and a second recess in the substrate and at opposite sides of the gate structure; a first doped region partially filling in the first recess;', 'a second doped region over the first doped region; and', 'a third doped region over the second doped region,', 'wherein the second doped region contains more dopants than the first doped region or the third doped region; and, 'two source/drain structures over the first recess and the second recess respectively, wherein at least one of the source/drain structures comprisesa liner layer between the first doped region and a sidewall of the first recess.2. The semiconductor device as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:a metal-semiconductor compound layer over the third doped region, wherein the second doped region is spaced apart from the metal-semiconductor compound layer by the third doped region.3. The semiconductor device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each of the first doped region claim 1 , the second doped region and the third doped region is made of SiP claim 1 , SiAs claim 1 , SiCP claim 1 , SiCAs claim 1 , or a combination thereof.4. The semiconductor device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the second doped region is in direct contact with the ...

FinFET Device and Methods of Forming Same

A FinFET device and method of forming the same are disclosed. The method includes forming a gate dielectric layer and depositing a metal oxide layer over the gate dielectric layer. The method also includes annealing the gate dielectric layer and the metal oxide layer, causing ions to diffuse from the metal oxide layer to the gate dielectric layer to form a doped gate dielectric layer. The method also includes forming a work function layer over the doped gate dielectric layer, and forming a gate electrode over the work function layer. 1. A device comprising:a first fin protruding from a substrate;a lanthanum-doped gate dielectric layer over the first fin, wherein the lanthanum-doped gate dielectric layer comprises a concentration of lanthanum that is less than about 95 at %; anda gate electrode over the lanthanum-doped gate dielectric layer.2. The device of claim 1 , further comprising an interfacial layer over the first fin claim 1 , wherein the lanthanum-doped gate dielectric layer overlies the interfacial layer.3. The device of claim 1 , further comprising a work function layer over the lanthanum-doped gate dielectric layer claim 1 , wherein the gate electrode overlies the work function layer.4. The device of claim 3 , wherein the work function layer covers a sidewall of the lanthanum-doped gate dielectric layer.5. The device of claim 3 , wherein the work function layer is doped with silicon.6. The device of claim 5 , wherein the work function layer is further doped with nitrogen.7. The device of claim 1 , further comprising:a second fin protruding from the substrate; anda second gate dielectric layer over the second fin, wherein the second gate dielectric layer has a lower concentration of lanthanum than the lanthanum-doped gate dielectric layer.8. A device comprising:a first fin and a second fin protruding from a substrate;a first gate dielectric layer extending along sidewalls and a top surface of the first fin; anda second gate dielectric layer extending along ...

DECODING METHOD AND DECODER

This application relates to a decoding method and a decoder. The decoding method includes: calculating, based on a path selection result of a second hit group in a current code block to be decoded, LLRs (log-likelihood ratios) of a first bit group in the code block, where the path selection result includes L paths; calculating BMs (branch metrics) of the first bit group based on the LLRs; selecting at least L BMs for each of the L paths; determining PMs (path metrics) of the first bit group based on the at least L BMs and a path selection result of a previous hit group of the first bit group; and determining a path selection result of the first bit group based on the PMs. In an entire decoding process, other phases before the PM calculation phase can be performed in parallel, thereby reducing a decoding delay, and improving decoding efficiency. 1. A polar code decoding method , comprising:{'sup': 'th', 'calculating, based on a path selection result of a second bit group in a current code block to be decoded, log-likelihood ratios (LLRs) of a first bit group in the code block, wherein the second bit group is a Kbit group located before the first bit group in the code block, K is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the path selection result comprises L paths, and L is an integer greater than or equal to 1;'}calculating branch metrics (BMs) of the first bit group based on the LLRs, wherein the BMs comprise L groups of BMs, the L groups of BMs are in a one-to-one correspondence with the L paths, and a quantity of BMs in each group of BMs is 1/L of a total quantity of the BMs;selecting, for each of the L paths, at least L BMs from one group of BMs that corresponds to the path;determining path metrics (PMs) of the first bit group based on the at least L BMs selected for each of the L paths and a path selection result of a previous bit group of the first bit group: anddetermining a path selection result of the first bit group based on the PMs.2. The polar code decoding ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS OF DEPTH PREDICTION MODE SELECTION

There is disclosed a method, apparatus and computer program product for prediction mode selection for coding a block of a depth map. An ordered list of coding modes is obtained, wherein the ordered list of coding modes comprises a plurality of coding modes each of which is capable of being used for coding of the block. A plurality of depth modeling modes (DMMs) each of which is capable of being used for coding of the block are obtained. And whether a DMM of the plurality of DMMs is to be added into the ordered list of coding modes in accordance with a decision condition is determined. 1. A method of prediction mode selection for coding a block of a depth map , the method comprising:obtaining an ordered list of coding modes, wherein the ordered list of coding modes comprises a plurality of coding modes each of which is capable of being used for coding of the block;obtaining a plurality of depth modeling modes (DMMs) each of which is capable of being used for coding of the block; anddetermining whether a DMM of the plurality of DMMs is to be added into the ordered list of coding modes in accordance with a decision condition.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the decision condition is based onat least one coding mode of the ordered list of coding modes.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the decision condition is based on a checking of the priority of the ordered list of coding modes.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the decision condition is based on a checking of the first mode in the ordered list of coding modes.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the decision condition is based on a checking of whether the first mode in the ordered list of coding modes is a flat coding mode.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein in the case that the first coding mode in the ordered list of coding modes is a flat coding mode claim 5 , the DMM is excluded to be added into the ordered list of coding modes.7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the flat coding mode is a planar mode.8. The ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS OF DEPTH PREDICTION MODE SELECTION

A method, an apparatus and a decoder for decoding a block of a depth map are provided. An ordered list of decoding modes is obtained, wherein the ordered list of decoding modes comprises a plurality of decoding modes each of which is capable of being used for decoding of the block. A plurality of depth modeling modes (DMMs) each of which is capable of being used for decoding of the block are obtained. And whether a DMM of the plurality of DMMs is to be added into the ordered list of decoding modes in accordance with a decision condition is determined. 1. A method for decoding a block of depth data for a video frame , comprising:obtaining a list comprising a plurality of depth data decoding modes;updating the list comprising a plurality of depth data decoding modes with at least one or more Depth Modeling Modes (DMMs);selecting one or more depth data coding modes from the list comprising a plurality of depth data decoding modes to decode the block of depth data for the video frame; anddecoding at least one block of depth data for a video frame with one or more decoding modes from the list comprising a plurality of depth data decoding modes.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:not updating the list when not adding the one or more DMMs into the list.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:skipping cost calculation of the list in the decoding process of the depth data when the list being not updated.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:when a first mode in the list is a flat decoding mode, adding the one or more DMMs into the list, wherein the flat decoding mode comprises at least one of a planar mode and a DC mode.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:when a first mode in the list is a planar mode, the one or more DMMs not being added into the list.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:when a first mode in the list is a planar mode, and a second mode in the list is not a DC mode, updating the list with the at least one or more ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR VIDEO CODING AND DECODING

A method and device for coding and decoding are disclosed. The method includes: dividing a picture to be encoded into several slices, each containing macroblocks continuous in a designated scanning sequence in the picture; dividing slices in the picture into one or more slice sets according to attribute information of the slices, each slice set containing one or more slices; and encoding the slices in the slice sets according to slice and slice set division information to get a coded bit stream of the picture. The decoding method includes: obtaining slice and slice set division information from a bit stream to be decoded and decoding the bit stream according to the obtained slice and slice set division information. The invention improves the performance of video transmission effectively and realizes region based coding. The implementation of coding and decoding is simple and the complexity of coding and decoding systems is reduced. 1. A video coding method , comprising:dividing a picture to be encoded into a plurality of slices;grouping the slices contained in the picture into a plurality of slice sets, each slice set containing one or more of the slices; and encoding a slice syntax element of a first slice in a current slice set of the plurality of slice sets, wherein the slice syntax element is quantization parameter information; and', 'using the slice syntax element of the first slice as a slice syntax element of a second slice without encoding a new slice syntax element for the second slice, wherein the second slice is in the current slice set and after the first slice., 'encoding the slices in the slice sets to get a coded bit stream of the picture, wherein the encoding the slices in the slice sets comprises2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:encoding a slice set enable flag in the coded bit stream indicating whether each of the slice sets is enabled to comprise at least two slices.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the encoding ...

WATER BASED ADHESIVE REMOVAL COMPOSITION

A water based adhesive removal composition which is effective and non-residual on magnesium and alloys comprises an alkali, a main solvent, a volatilization inhibitor, a cosolvent, a corrosion inhibitor, a penetrant, a thickening agent, a surface active agent, and water. The water based adhesive removal composition is water-based formula, the water-based formula is not easy to volatilize and is not flammable. When being used to remove adhesive attached on the magnesium alloy component, there is no risk of magnesium ignition. 1. A water based adhesive removal composition comprising:an alkali;a main solvent;a volatilization inhibitor;a cosolvent;a corrosion inhibitor;a penetrant;a thickening agent;a surface active agent; andwater.2. The water based adhesive removal composition of claim 1 , wherein the alkali has a mass percentage of about 20% to about 30% of the total mass of the water based adhesive removal composition claim 1 , the main solvent has a mass percentage of about 10% to about 30% of the total mass of the water based adhesive removal composition claim 1 , the volatilization inhibitor has a mass percentage of about 1% to about 3% of the total mass of the water based adhesive removal composition claim 1 , the cosolvent has a mass percentage of about 5% to about 10% of the total mass of the water based adhesive removal composition claim 1 , the corrosion inhibitor has a mass percentage of about 0.5% to about 1.5% of the total mass of the water based adhesive removal composition claim 1 , the penetrant has a mass percentage of about 0.5% to about 1.5% of the total mass of the water based adhesive removal composition claim 1 , the thickening agent has a mass percentage of about 1.5% to about 5% of the total mass of the water based adhesive removal composition claim 1 , the surface active agent has a mass percentage of about 0.5% to about 5% of the total mass of the water based adhesive removal composition.3. The water based adhesive removal composition of ...

FIN FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTOR (FINFET) DEVICE STRUCTURE

A fin field effect transistor (FinFET) device structure and method for forming the same are provided. The FinFET device structure includes a fin structure extending above a substrate, and the fin structure has a first portion and a second portion below the first portion, and the first portion and the second portion are made of different materials. The FinFET device structure includes an isolation structure formed on the substrate, and an interface between the first portion and the second portion of the fin structure is above a top surface of the isolation structure. The FinFET device structure includes a liner layer formed on sidewalls of the second portion of the fin structure. 1. A fin field effect transistor (FinFET) device structure , comprising:a fin structure extending above a substrate, wherein the fin structure has a first portion and a second portion below the first portion, and the first portion and the second portion are made of different materials;an isolation structure formed on the substrate, wherein an interface between the first portion and the second portion of the fin structure is above a top surface of the isolation structure; anda liner layer formed on sidewalls of the second portion of the fin structure, wherein the liner layer is made of nitrogen-containing material, carbon-containing material or combinations thereof.2. The fin field effect transistor (FinFET) device structure as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the liner layer has a young's modulus in a range from about 200 GPa to about 1000 GPa.3. The fin field effect transistor (FinFET) device structure as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the liner layer is made of silicon nitride claim 1 , silicon carbide (SiC) claim 1 , silicon oxynitride (SiON) claim 1 , silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) or combinations thereof.4. The fin field effect transistor (FinFET) device structure as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first portion of the fin structure is made of silicon germanium (SiGe) claim 1 , and the second ...

System and Method for Measuring Time-Frequency Characteristic of High-Frequency Electromagnetic Signal

This invention disclosed a system and method for characteristics measurement of electromagnetic signals. The measurement system comprises a multi-repetition-rate pulsed light source, a frequency mixer for electrical signal and optical signal, and a data acquisition and processing device. The measurement system accurately determines the characteristic information of the signal to be measured, such as frequency, phase, intensity, and their variations, by measuring the low frequency mixed signal generated by the multi-repetition-rate pulsed light source and the signal to be measured in the frequency mixer. This system has the advantages of simple structure, high measurement accuracy, low cost and large measurable frequency range. The system can be applied to the measurement of various electromagnetic signals, covering the spectral range from microwave, millimeter wave, to terahertz and even light wave. 110-. (canceled)11. A system for time-frequency characteristics measurement of a high frequency electromagnetic signal , comprising:a multi-repetition-rate pulsed light source;a frequency mixer for electrical and optical signal;a repetition-rate measurement device; anda data acquisition and processing device;wherein the multi-repetition-rate pulsed light source simultaneously generates three or more optical pulse trains with different repetition rates, which form three or more different optical frequency combs, wherein the frequency intervals of the optical frequency combs are equal to the repetition rates of the corresponding optical pulse trains;wherein the three or more optical pulse trains and the signal to be measured are mixed in the frequency mixer, and three or more frequency mixed signals are respectively generated;wherein the repetition-rate measurement device measures the repetition rates of the three or more optical pulse trains in real time;wherein the data acquisition and processing device simultaneously acquires the three or more frequency mixed signals ...

HIGH FORCE AND HIGH STRESS DESTRUCTURING OF CELLULOSIC BIOMASS

A process for mechanical destructuring of cellulosic biomass was developed that makes use of a short application of high compression, impact, and shearing forces. The biomass may be destructured using a specific energy input that is less than 40% of the total combustible energy of the biomass. The destructured biomass, with or without saccharification and/or in-feed glycosyl hydrolase enzymes, may be used in feed applications. 1. A process for producing destructured cellulosic biomass comprising:a) providing a portion of cellulosic biomass; andb) applying to the biomass of (a) at least one set of compression and impact forces of at least 5,000 N combined with shearing forces;wherein contact stress of greater than 5,000 psi is applied to the biomass and wherein a destructured cellulosic biomass is produced.2. A process for producing destructured cellulosic biomass comprising:a) providing a portion of cellulosic biomass; andb) applying to the biomass of (a) at least one set of compression and impact forces of at least 1,500 N combined with shearing forces, and contact stress of greater than 5,000 psi;wherein specific energy input in the process is less than 40% of the total combustible energy of the portion of biomass being treated and wherein a destructured cellulosic biomass is produced.3. The process of or wherein the biomass of (a) is contacted with a pretreatment chemical prior to , during , or after (b).4. The process of wherein the compression and impact forces are at least 3 claim 2 ,000 N.53. The process of claim 2 , claim 2 , or wherein the stress is greater than about 8 claim 2 ,000 psi.6. The process of wherein the stress is greater than about 13 claim 5 ,000 psi.7. The process of wherein the forces are imparted using a non-vibratory apparatus which does not contain free flowing media.83. The process of claim 1 , claim 1 , or wherein the forces are imparted by centrifugal motion claim 1 , hydraulics claim 1 , or springs.9. The process of wherein the forces ...

SOLUTION PHASE PROCESSING OF POLYARYLENE SULFIDE

Provided are methods for obtaining modified polyarylene sulfide compositions having improved thermal and thermo-oxidative stability, the compositions so obtained, and articles comprising the compositions. The method comprises the steps of contacting, in the presence of a suitable solvent, a polyarylene sulfide with at least one reducing agent and at least base to form a first mixture. The reducing agent comprises zinc(0), tin(0), tin(II), bismuth (0), bismuth(III), or a combination thereof. The first mixture is heated to form a second mixture in which the polyarylene sulfide is dissolved. The polyarylene sulfide is then precipitated to obtain a modified polyarylene sulfide. 1. A method comprising the steps of:a) contacting, in the presence of a suitable solvent, a polyarylene sulfide with at least one reducing agent and at least one base to form a first mixture, wherein the reducing agent comprises zinc(0), tin(0), tin(II), bismuth (0), bismuth(III), or a combination thereof, and the ratio of the reducing agent to the polyarylene sulfide is from about 0.0001:1 to about 0.5:1 on a weight basis;b) heating the first mixture to a sufficient temperature and for a sufficient time to form a second mixture wherein the polyarylene sulfide is dissolved in the solvent; andc) precipitating the dissolved polyarylene sulfide from the second mixture to obtain a modified polyarylene sulfide having improved thermo-oxidative stability relative to the thermo-oxidative stability of the polyarylene sulfide of step a) measured under the same conditions.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the base comprises bicarbonate claim 1 , carbonate claim 1 , hydroxide claim 1 , oxide claim 1 , sulfide claim 1 , a carboxylate claim 1 , or a mixture thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the base comprises zinc(II) claim 1 , tin(II) claim 1 , bismuth(III) claim 1 , Li claim 1 , Na claim 1 , K claim 1 , Rb claim 1 , Cs claim 1 , or a mixture thereof.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solvent ...

POLAR DECODING METHOD AND APPARATUS

The present disclosure relates to polar decoding methods and apparatus. One example method includes obtaining a polar code sequence, determining at least one first information bit length corresponding to a code length of the polar code sequence, and decoding the polar code sequence based on blind detection by using the code length and the at least one first information bit length. The at least one first information bit length is a part of a preset information bit length set corresponding to the code length. A remaining part of the preset information bit length set is at least one second information bit length. The at least one second information bit length is excluded from being used for the blind detection. Each second information bit length is less than one or more information bit lengths in the at least one first information bit length. 1. A polar decoding method , comprising:obtaining a polar code sequence;determining at least one first information bit length corresponding to a code length of the polar code sequence; anddecoding the polar code sequence based on blind detection by using the code length and the at least one first information bit length, wherein the at least one first information bit length is a part of a preset information bit length set corresponding to the code length, wherein a remaining part of the preset information bit length set is at least one second information bit length, wherein the at least one second information bit length is excluded from being used for the blind detection, and wherein each second information bit length is less than one or more information bit lengths in the at least one first information bit length.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein each of the at least one first information bit length is greater than the at least one second information bit length.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the preset information bit length set comprises a plurality of groups claim 1 , wherein at least one group of the ...

NON-MPM MODE CODING FOR INTRA PREDICTION IN VIDEO CODING

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for performing intra coding predictions. An intra-coding process applied to pixels in a frame of media is determined. The intra-coding process is determined whether to corresponding to at least one of most probable modes. In response to determining the intra-coding process does not correspond to the at least one of the most probable modes, four angular prediction modes are extracted from a list of prediction modes. A set of candidates based on the four angular prediction modes are determined. A pre-defined order of the set of candidates is determined, wherein each candidate mode of the set of candidate modes is included in a ranked order and signaled with a particular fixed length coding, and wherein a length of the particular fixed length coding increases based on the pre-defined order of the set of candidate modes. 1. A computer-implemented method , comprising:determining, by one or more processors, an intra-coding process applied to pixels in a frame of media;determining, by the one or more processors, whether the intra-coding process corresponds to at least one of most probable modes;in response to determining the intra-coding process does not correspond to the at least one of the most probable modes, extracting, by the one or more processors, four angular prediction modes from a list of prediction modes;determining, by the one or more processors, a set of candidate modes based on the four angular prediction modes; anddetermining, by the one or more processors, a pre-defined order of the set of candidate modes, wherein each candidate mode of the set of candidate modes is included in a ranked order and signaled with a particular fixed length coding, and wherein a length of the particular fixed length coding increases based on the pre-defined order of the set of candidate modes.2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein the four angular prediction modes ...

FIN FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTOR (FINFET) DEVICE STRUCTURE

A fin field effect transistor (FinFET) device structure and method for forming the same are provided. The FinFET device structure includes a fin structure extending above a substrate. The fin structure includes a channel region, a portion of the channel region is made of silicon germanium (SiGe), and the silicon germanium (SiGe) has a gradient germanium (Ge) concentration. The FinFET device structure includes a gate structure formed on the channel region of the fin structure. 1. A fin field effect transistor (FinFET) device structure , comprising:a fin structure extending above a substrate, wherein the fin structure comprises a channel region, a portion of the channel region is made of silicon germanium (SiGe), and the silicon germanium (SiGe) has a gradient germanium (Ge) concentration; anda gate structure formed on the channel region of the fin structure, wherein the top surface and sidewall surfaces of the channel region are wrapped by the gate structure.2. The fin field effect transistor (FinFET) device structure as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the gradient germanium (Ge) concentration is gradually increased from a bottom surface of the channel region to a top surface of the channel region.3. The fin field effect transistor (FinFET) device structure as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the gradient germanium (Ge) concentration is gradually increased from about 10 atomic % to about 35 atomic %.4. The fin field effect transistor (FinFET) device structure as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fin structure further comprises a well region below the channel region.5. The fin field effect transistor (FinFET) device structure as claimed in claim 4 , further comprises:an isolation structure formed on the substrate, wherein an interface between the channel region and the well region of the fin structure is above a top surface of the isolation structure.6. The fin field effect transistor (FinFET) device structure as claimed in claim 4 , further comprising:a liner layer formed on ...

INTER-FRAME PREDICTION METHOD AND APPARATUS

A method for predicting motion information of a picture block includes: obtaining motion information of at least one determined motion vector picture block in a picture in which a to-be-processed picture block is located, where the at least one determined motion vector picture block includes a determined motion vector picture block discontiguous to the to-be-processed picture block; obtaining first identification information, where the first identification information is used to determine target motion information from the motion information of the at least one determined motion vector picture block; and predicting motion information of the to-be-processed picture block based on the target motion information. 1. A method for predicting motion information of a picture block , wherein the motion information is used for inter-frame prediction , and the method comprises:obtaining motion information of at least one determined motion vector picture block in a picture in which a to-be-processed picture block is located, wherein one of the at least one determined motion vector picture block is discontiguous with the to-be-processed picture block; andpredicting motion information of the to-be-processed picture block based on the obtained motion information.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the picture in which the to-be-processed picture block is located comprises at least two rows of coding tree units (CTUs) claim 1 , and a size of the to-be-processed picture block is not larger than a size of any of the CTUs claim 1 , anda difference between a number of a row of a CTU in which the to-be-processed picture block is located in the picture and a number of a row of a CTU in which the determined motion vector picture block is located in the picture is smaller than N rows, wherein N is an integer greater than 1.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein N is 2.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the picture in which the to-be-processed picture block is ...

System and Method for Coding Intra Prediction Mode using a Second Set of Most Probable Modes

Embodiment methods generate a second set of most probable modes (MPMs) from a plurality of intra prediction modes excluding a first set of MPMs for intra prediction or reconstruction of a luma block. An embodiment method constructs a reference block of the luma block, selects a number of samples in the reference block that have been predicted or reconstructed but not in the luma block, and performs intra prediction (or reconstruction) of the selected samples using each of some or all of the plurality of intra prediction modes excluding the first set of MPMs, thereby generating predicted samples (or reconstructed samples) for the selected samples. Based on the predicted samples (or reconstructed samples) and the selected samples, the second set MPM is selected. 1. A method comprising: constructing a first reference block of the luma block, each of the first reference block and the luma block comprising a plurality of samples, and the first reference block being different from the luma block;', 'determining a first set of samples in the first reference block, the first set of samples excluding samples in the luma block and having been predicted;', 'calculating a prediction error for performing intra prediction of the first set of samples using each of two or more intra prediction modes in the plurality of intra prediction modes excluding the first set of MPMs, thereby generating a first plurality of prediction errors corresponding to the two or more intra prediction modes, each of the first plurality of prediction errors being associated with a corresponding intra prediction mode; and', 'selecting the second set of MPMs based on the first plurality of prediction errors., 'selecting, by an encoder, a second set of most probable modes (MPMs) in a plurality of intra prediction modes for intra prediction of a luma block of a video frame, the second set of MPMs comprising a predetermined number of intra prediction modes in the plurality of intra prediction modes excluding ...

Method for Determining Block Partitioning Manner and Optimal Prediction Mode in Video Coding and Related Apparatus

A method for determining a block partitioning manner and an optimal prediction mode in video coding and a related apparatus. The method for determining a block partitioning manner in video coding that is provided in embodiments of the present disclosure may include: determining an allowable block partitioning depth set of a current block; and determining, according to the allowable block partitioning depth set, whether sub-block partitioning is performed on the current block at a current partitioning depth. Solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure help to reduce calculation complexity in determining a block partitioning manner of a current block in a video coding process. 1. A method for determining a block partitioning manner in video coding , comprising:determining an allowable block partitioning depth set of a current block; anddetermining, according to the allowable block partitioning depth set, whether sub-block partitioning is performed on the current block at a current partitioning depth.2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising not calculating an optimal prediction mode of the current block at the current partitioning depth when the current partitioning depth of the current block does not belong to the allowable block partitioning depth set.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein determining claim 1 , according to the allowable block partitioning depth set claim 1 , whether the sub-block partitioning is performed on the current block at the current partitioning depth comprises determining that sub-block partitioning is not performed on the current block when the current partitioning depth of the current block is greater than the maximum block partitioning depth in the allowable block partitioning depth set.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein determining claim 1 , according to the allowable block partitioning depth set claim 1 , whether the sub-block partitioning is performed on the current block at the current ...

FORMATION METHOD OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE STRUCTURE WITH SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRE

Structures and formation methods of a semiconductor device structure are provided. The semiconductor device structure includes a substrate, a first source portion and a first drain portion over the substrate, and a first semiconductor nanowire over the substrate and between the first source portion and the first drain portion. The first semiconductor nanowire includes a first portion over the substrate and a second portion over the first portion, and the first portion has a first width, and the second portion has a second width, and the second width is less than the first width. The semiconductor device structure also includes a first gate structure over the second portion of the first semiconductor nanowire. 1. A semiconductor device structure , comprising:a substrate;a first source portion and a first drain portion over the substrate;a first semiconductor nanowire over the substrate and between the first source portion and the first drain portion, wherein the first semiconductor nanowire comprises a first portion over the substrate and a second portion over the first portion, wherein the first portion has a first width, and the second portion has a second width, wherein the second width is less than the first width; anda first gate structure over the second portion of the first semiconductor nanowire, wherein the first semiconductor nanowire has a first lattice distance, the substrate has a second lattice distance, and the first lattice distance of the first semiconductor nanowire is greater than the second lattice distance of the substrate.2. The semiconductor device structure as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first portion has a first aspect ratio claim 1 , and the second portion has a second aspect ratio claim 1 , wherein the first aspect ratio is greater than the second aspect ratio.3. The semiconductor device structure as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first portion has a greater height than the first width.4. The semiconductor device structure as claimed ...

Dopant Concentration Boost in Epitaxially Formed Material

A dopant boost in the source/drain regions of a semiconductor device, such as a transistor can be provided. A semiconductor device can include a doped epitaxy of a first material having a plurality of boosting layers embedded within. The boosting layers can be of a second material different from the first material. Another device can include a source/drain feature of a transistor. The source/drain feature includes a doped source/drain material and one or more embedded distinct boosting layers. A method includes growing a boosting layer in a recess of a substrate, where the boosting layer is substantially free of dopant. The method also includes growing a layer of doped epitaxy in the recess on the boosting layer. 18-. (canceled)9. A method , comprising:forming a recess in a substrate, the recess corresponding to a source/drain feature;growing a first doped epitaxy layer comprising a first material in the recess;growing a boosting layer over the first doped epitaxy layer, the boosting layer comprising a second material different from the first material; andgrowing a second doped epitaxy layer comprising the first material over the boosting layer.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the first doped epitaxy layer has a first crystalline structure claim 9 , the boosting layer has a second crystalline structure claim 9 , and the first and second crystalline structures are different.11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the recess is a first recess claim 9 , further comprising:forming a second recess in the substrate; andforming a gate stack between the first recess and the second recess.12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the second doped epitaxy layer protrudes from the recess about 0 nm to about 20 nm.13. The method of claim 9 , wherein the boosting layer comprises an epitaxy of silicon claim 9 , silicon germanium claim 9 , carbon claim 9 , or a combination thereof.14. The device of claim 9 , wherein a gradient of doping concentration occurs from one layer to a next layer ...

FORMATION METHOD OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE WITH SOURCE/DRAIN STRUCTURES

A method for forming a semiconductor device is provided. The method includes forming a gate stack to partially cover a semiconductor structure. The method also includes forming a first semiconductor material over the semiconductor structure. The method further includes forming a second semiconductor material over the first semiconductor material. In addition, the method includes forming a third semiconductor material over the second semiconductor material. The first semiconductor material and the third semiconductor material together surround the second semiconductor material. The second semiconductor material has a greater dopant concentration than that of the first semiconductor material or that of the third semiconductor material. 1. A method for forming a semiconductor device , comprising:forming a gate stack to partially cover a semiconductor structure;forming a first semiconductor material over the semiconductor structure;forming a second semiconductor material over the first semiconductor material; andforming a third semiconductor material over the second semiconductor material, wherein the first semiconductor material and the third semiconductor material together surround the second semiconductor material, and the second semiconductor material has a greater dopant concentration than that of the first semiconductor material or that of the third semiconductor material.2. The method for forming a semiconductor device structure as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first semiconductor material claim 1 , the second semiconductor material claim 1 , and the third semiconductor material are formed using one or more epitaxial growth processes.3. The method for forming a semiconductor device structure as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising partially etching the semiconductor structure to form a recess in the semiconductor structure after the formation of the gate stack and before the formation of the first semiconductor material.4. The method for forming a ...

DECODING METHOD AND APPARATUS BASED ON TEMPLATE MATCHING

The present disclosure discloses a decoding method based on template matching, including: obtaining a prediction direction identifier and encoded data of a current picture block; when a value of the prediction direction identifier indicates that the encoded data of the current picture block is obtained by performing bidirectional prediction on the current picture block based on a first motion information list and a second motion information list, determining the first motion information list of the current picture block and the second motion information list of the current picture block; determining first motion information based on the first motion information list; determining second motion information based on the second motion information list; and obtaining a reconstructed picture block of the current picture block based on the first motion information, the second motion information, and the encoded data of the current picture block. 1. A decoding method based on template matching , comprising:obtaining a prediction direction identifier and encoded data of a current picture block; determining first motion information based on the first motion information list, wherein a first template distortion between a reference picture block corresponding to the first motion information and the current picture block is less than or equal to a template distortion between a reference picture block corresponding to each motion information in the first motion information list and the current picture block; and', 'determining second motion information based on the second motion information list, wherein a second template distortion between a reference picture block corresponding to the second motion information and the current picture block is less than or equal to a template distortion between a reference picture block corresponding to each motion information in the second motion information list and the current picture block; and, 'when a value of the prediction direction ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS OF DERIVATION FOR A BINARY PARTITION PATTERN

There is disclosed a method, device and computer-readable storage medium for decoding video data. The method includes: obtaining a reference sample array of a video block; obtaining a sum of the reference sample array; calculating a threshold by performing arithmetic right shift to the sum, a shift value of the arithmetic right shift being determined according to size information of the video block; and determining the binary partition pattern by comparing the reference sample array with the threshold. 1. A method of derivation for a binary partition pattern used for coding video data , comprising:obtaining a reference sample array of a video block with a size information;obtaining a sum of the reference sample array;calculating a threshold by performing arithmetic right shift to the sum, a shift value of the arithmetic right shift being determined according to the size information of the video block; anddetermining the binary partition pattern by comparing the reference sample array with the threshold.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the video block is either a block of a texture component of the video data or a block of a depth component of the video data.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the size information of the video block is represented by any of the following:a block size, a number of bits representing the block size, logarithmic representation of the block size, and a coding tree depth value of the video block corresponding to the block size.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the binary partition pattern is a contour partition pattern used for depth coding.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the binary partition pattern is a wedgelet partition pattern used for depth coding.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the binary partition pattern is a contour partition pattern used in inter-component prediction for depth coding.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reference sample array relates to a transform block of the video block.8. The method of claim 1 , ...

MOTION VECTOR OBTAINING METHOD AND APPARATUS, COMPUTER DEVICE, AND STORAGE MEDIUM

This application discloses a motion vector obtaining method and apparatus, a computer device, and a storage medium. In the method, an initial motion vector of a to-be-processed picture block is determined by using a location relationship between a reference block and the to-be-processed picture block. When the reference block and the to-be-processed picture block are located in a same coding tree block, a decoder uses an initial motion vector of the reference block as the initial motion vector of the to-be-processed picture block. When the reference block and the to-be-processed picture block are located in different coding tree blocks, the decoder uses a final motion vector of the reference block as the initial motion vector of the to-be-processed picture block. 1. A motion vector residual determining method , comprising:parsing a bitstream to obtain identification information used to determine an initial motion vector of a picture block to be processed;separately adding the initial motion vector and a plurality of preset offset vectors to obtain a plurality of candidate final motion vectors;determining a candidate final motion vector corresponding to a minimum distortion cost in the plurality of candidate final motion vectors as a final motion vector; andusing a difference between the final motion vector and the initial motion vector as a motion vector residual of the picture block, or using the final motion vector as a motion vector residual of the picture block.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method is used for bidirectional inter prediction claim 1 , the final motion vector comprises a first final motion vector and a second final motion vector claim 1 , and the initial motion vector comprises a first initial motion vector and a second initial motion vector; the first final motion vector and the first initial motion vector indicate a motion compensation block based on a first reference frame list of the picture block claim 1 , and the second ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CODING MATRIX AND METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DECODING MATRIX

The present disclosure provides a method and an apparatus for coding or decoding a matrix, includes: dividing a matrix into layers according to a preset quantity of divided layers, and grouping matrix elements into different layers; performing, according to a determined layer number of a highest layer to be coded and in an order of layers one by one, coding processing on matrix elements at each layer to be coded; for a layer having a layer number less than or equal to the layer number of the highest layer to be coded, writing residual data between an original matrix element value corresponding to the layer and a corresponding matrix element predicted value into a bit stream; for a layer having a layer number greater than the layer number of the highest layer to be coded, writing no coded data of the layer into the bit stream. 1. A method for coding a matrix for video signal , the method comprising:dividing a matrix into layers according to a preset quantity of divided layers, and grouping matrix elements into different layers;performing, according to a determined layer number of a highest layer to be coded and in an order of layers one by one, coding processing on matrix elements at each layer to be coded;obtaining a matrix element predicted value corresponding to a current layer by performing an interpolation calculation on a matrix element reconstruction value or a matrix element predicted value of a coded matrix element at a layer that is coded before a current layer and at the current layer of the matrix;if a layer number of the current layer is less than or equal to the layer number of the highest layer to be coded, writing residual data, which is obtained by performing a calculation according to an original matrix element value corresponding to the current layer and the matrix element predicted value corresponding to the current layer, as coded data of the current layer into a bit stream; andif the layer number of the current layer is greater than the layer ...

METHOD TO FORM A FULLY STRAINED CHANNEL REGION

The present disclosure describes an exemplary fabrication method of a p-type fully strained channel that can suppress the formation of {111} facets during a silicon germanium epitaxial growth. The exemplary method includes the formation of silicon epitaxial layer on a top, carbon-doped region of an n-type region. A recess is formed in the silicon epitaxial layer via etching, where the recess exposes the top, carbon-doped region of the n-type region. A silicon seed layer is grown in the recess, and a silicon germanium layer is subsequently epitaxially grown on the silicon seed layer to fill the recess. The silicon seed layer can suppress the formation of growth defects such as, for example, {111} facets, during the silicon germanium epitaxial layer growth. 1. A method comprising:providing a first doped region on a top portion of a substrate, wherein the first doped region comprises a second doped top region;growing a first epitaxial layer on the second doped top region;forming a recess in the first epitaxial layer that is aligned to the second doped top region, wherein the forming the recess comprises etching the first epitaxial layer until the second doped top region is exposed; and forming a seed layer in the recess at a first temperature; and', 'forming the second epitaxial layer on the seed layer to fill the recess at a second temperature higher than the first temperature., 'forming a second epitaxial layer in the recess, wherein the forming the second epitaxial layer comprises2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:disposing a photoresist over the second epitaxial layer;forming at least two openings in the photoresist to expose at least two respective portions of the second epitaxial layer; and etching through the at least two openings in the photoresist to remove the second epitaxial layer, the seed layer, the second doped top region of the first doped region, and a portion of the first doped region; and', 'forming an isolation layer between the fins., ' ...

Fully Strained Channel

The present disclosure describes an exemplary method to form p-type fully strained channel (PFSC) or an n-type fully strained channel (NFSC) that can mitigate epitaxial growth defects or structural deformations in the channel region due to processing. The exemplary method can include (i) two or more surface pre-clean treatment cycles with nitrogen trifluoride (NF) and ammonia (NH) plasma, followed by a thermal treatment; (ii) a prebake (anneal); and (iii) a silicon germanium epitaxial growth with a silicon seed layer, a silicon germanium seed layer, or a combination thereof. 1. A structure , comprising: an n-type doped region formed on a top portion of the substrate;', 'a silicon epitaxial layer on the n-type doped region; and', 'an epitaxial stack on the silicon epitaxial layer, wherein the epitaxial stack comprises a silicon-based seed layer in physical contact with the silicon epitaxial layer;, 'a fin formed on a substrate, wherein the fin comprisesa liner surrounding the n-type doped region of the fin; anda dielectric surrounding the liner.2. The structure of claim 1 , wherein the epitaxial stack comprises:a first sub-layer with a first germanium concentration greater than zero and less than 5 atomic %; anda second sub-layer with a second germanium concentration ranging from 20 atomic % to 40 atomic %.3. The structure of claim 1 , wherein the silicon epitaxial layer has a thickness between 50 Å and 100 Å.4. A method claim 1 , comprising:forming a first doped region and a second doped region in a top portion of a semiconductor substrate, wherein the first and second doped regions comprise different types of dopants and are formed adjacent to one other;growing a silicon epitaxial layer on the first and second doped regions;etching the silicon epitaxial layer to form a well within the silicon epitaxial layer, wherein the well is aligned to the first doped region;treating surfaces of the well with a plasma to remove contaminants from the etching;performing, at a ...

ULTRAFINE-GRAINED PROFILE OF TWIN-CRYSTAL WROUGHT MAGNESIUM ALLOYS, PREPARATION PROCESS AND USE OF THE SAME

The present invention provides an ultrafine-grained profile of twin-crystal wrought magnesium alloys, preparation process and use of the same. In the process, raw materials of magnesium alloys are firstly smelted and cast, and are subjected to solution treatment at 300˜500° C.; then a preform is pre-deformed, so that a great amount of twin crystal microstructure forms in the magnesium alloys and the grain size of not larger than 100 μm is achieved; subsequently continuous ECAP process is performed at 200˜350° C., and the die is replaced in according to requirement so as to obtain the desired profile. The ultrafine-grained profile of magnesium alloys prepared in the invention has the grain sizes of from 100 to 450 nm, the tensile strength of 300˜400 MPa, and the elongation of 20˜35%. The length of the profile can be more than 10 m, meeting the needs of continuous production. 1. A process for preparing ultrafine-grained profile of twin-crystal wrought magnesium alloys , which comprises the steps as follows:(1) subjecting raw materials of magnesium alloys to smelting and casting under the atmospheric protection, and solid solution at 300˜500;(2) subjecting a preform obtained from step (1) to pre-deformation, so that a great amount of twin crystal microstructure forms in the magnesium alloys and the grain size of not larger than 100 μm is achieved;(3) conducting continuous Equal Channel Angular Pressing process below the re-crystallization temperature, wherein the channel angle is 90°˜120°, the linear pressing speed is not beyond 10 mm/s, the strain rate in the last pass is about 60˜340%, and the die can be replaced in the last pass of the pressing according to requirement so as to obtain the desired profile; and(4) annealing the profile at 150˜300.2. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the magnesium alloys are selected from the group consisting of Mg-RE claim 1 , Mg—Th claim 1 , Mg—Li claim 1 , Mg-RE-Zr claim 1 , Mg—Al—Mn claim 1 , Mg—Al—Zn claim 1 , Mg—Zn—Zr ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR OPTICAL AND TERAHERTZ ASYNCHRONOUS SAMPLING SIGNAL MEASUREMENT

A method and a system for measuring an optical asynchronous sample signal. The system for measuring an optical asynchronous sampling signal comprises a pulsed optical source capable of emitting two optical pulse sequences with different repetition frequencies, a signal optical path, a reference optical path, and a detection device. Since the optical asynchronous sampling signal can be measured by merely using one pulsed optical source, the complexity and cost of the system are reduced. A multi-frequency optical comb system using the pulsed optical source and a method for implementing the multi-frequency optical comb are further disclosed. 1. A method for measuring an optical asynchronous sampling signal comprising the steps of:{'sub': '1', 'a) generating a first optical pulse sequence with a first repetition frequency (f) from a pulsed light source;'}{'sub': 2', '1', '2', '1', '2', '1', '2, 'b) generating simultaneously with the first optical pulse sequence at least a second optical pulse sequence with a second repetition frequency (f) from the pulsed light source, where fis different from f, and where a difference in repetition frequency (Δf) between fand fis equal to the absolute value of fless f;'}c) passing the first optical pulse sequence through a signal optical path to transform the first optical pulse sequence into a signal pulse sequence;d) passing the second optical pulse sequence through a reference optical path to transform the second optical pulse sequence into a reference pulse sequence; and{'sub': 1', '2, 'e) passing the signal pulse sequence and the reference pulse sequence into a detection device to generate an asynchronous sampling signal determined by fand f.'}2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of performing a time-axis transformation on the asynchronous sampling signal to obtain a transformed asynchronous sampling signal using transform formula ΔT=ΔτΔf/f claim 1 , wherein Δτ is temporal position of the asynchronous sampling ...