Process of implementation of metallurgical processes and device allowing the application of this process.

PATENT AS AFRICAN AND MALAGASY

INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY

in Yaounde (Cameroon) International Patent Classification: L \ α l° 01858 21 C.

THE O. HAS. M-I-P>

16 REQUESTED THE November 1965 to 10 hr 10 min

to ro.A.M.p. 1. (G.P. no. 52250) by

The BOT arm serving Ag-Technik in related articles.

resident of Switzerland.

DELIVERED THE 14 January 1970

Publishes official ballot № 1 of 1970

Patent application deposited in Austria

the n° 9393/59 has 24 December 1959/sec.

21 March i960 n° A/e 217 ΐ θ / 6

trade name: VereinigteOsterreichische and

In Stahlwerke Aktiengesellschaft

" Method of operating metallurgical processes

and device for carrying out the method. "

The present invention relates to a method of operating metallurgical processes, e.g. for refining or refining pre-cast iron, for the refining of steel for making alloys and the like.

5 Already known methods blow onto the bath surface in which is processed into the melt in a crucible or steel converter equipped with a refractory lining. According to a preferred embodiment of the processes of this type, oxygen is blown onto the bath surface by means of a lance

10 disposed vertically above the surface of the bath. It was also proposed to put under pressure, in the supply line of the assist gas, finely divided basic materials, such as lime, and direct them downwardly with the quench gas. These known devices have various disadvantages.

Formerly was obliged to impose severe conditions to the purity

and the structure of the adducts introduced with

the quench gas. When there were, in the addition products of combustible impurities, such as particles of iron or cbarbon, information if ignited upon contact with oxygen and often associated has. destruction pipes formed of flexible hoses. Therefore required the use of chromium-nickel steels as the material for the supply lines. Therefore, the apparatus becomes complicated and expensive. The introduction and removal of the blower tube could not more done with the same mobility easy which is required to refining operations. Further, the devices were exposésà considerable mechanical wear.

To reduce the latter, required the use of adducts of a particular uniform structure. Unsuitable for substantially that substances whose particles have a regular spherical structure. Must be initially preparing the ' last by a special preparatory, or it is unavoidable adducts of divided particularly thin.

Lime, in this regard, the disadvantage also greater hydrating soft.

The present invention aims at suppressing

of these drawbacks. It is another hand to an extension of the field of application of methods and devices operating on one hand with wind oxygenated added from outside and with addition of substance addition in a finely divided form.

The invention aims, in so far as it is relative has refining processes, to achieve greater freedom in the use of the raw materials to implement, particularly as regards the latent heat chemical cast iron. The invention aims particularly to allow the implementation of shades of cast iron having a content any carbon, phosphorus and silicon, and time while allowing may not be scrap, or substantial amounts of any scrap.

Accordingly, a particular purpose of the method on the other hand in that it can be implemented regardless of a source of molten iron.

The method according to the invention is characterized in that are introduced at the blowing agent in the shape of a flat cone or hollow cylinder, which has the effect that, when

from contact with the charging material, there is formed a reaction ring field, and which is introduced into the interior of the jet of the reaction ring adducts of fine granular solids. The introduction of the adducts to within the jet and the reaction ring is preferably performed without pressure, for example by means of a down tube or the like.

The method according to the invention avoids the disadvantages of known devices in which the modifiers is introduced as a slurry in a carrier gas within a reaction vessel. According to the present invention there is not risk of ignition of combustible substances, and it occurs is not mechanical wear.

On the contrary, may be introduced as additive substances, or mixed with additive materials forming slag or slags, combustible materials, such as the coal iron, silicon, manganese, aluminum or alloys of these materials, within the annular region, if the latent heat chemical the load it is for refining blow is not sufficient to achieve or maintain the desired temperature.

If made into steel for example cast low carbon and needs to simultaneously melting of scrap combustion heat substances accompanying the melt does not successfully refining temperature to achieve the required transformation process, which is 1600° to 1800° nor to hold it during the process. In such a case, can be added according to the present invention finely ground coal or other substances giving off heat.

It has already been proposed previously either add

at bath vehicles additional heat, as ferro-silicon and ferro-manganese, or add, with the blowing agent, oil coal or similar substances.

But the use of ferro-alloys providing heat is very expensive. The addition of oil and coal has not satisfactory, because the degree of use was relatively low. A large portion of the oil or coal added was driven into the top of the crucible by the gas released during the reaction of refining. The combustion of these substances occurred only upon ejection from the mouth of the crucible. Thus, only the chimney was heated, and devices of the upper part of the blowing station were highly stress, but the bath temperature was not raised to the desired extent. The degree of use of the fuel added was 20 to 25% at most. Further, particular conditions which imposed to the purity of the adduct. When coal was used, was only assume that varieties particularly pure, e.g. coal of electrodes.

With the method of the present invention, is

can easily avoid these difficulties. Having obtained the best results by introducing a coal type material in the form of grains or powder during the major period of boiling, especially between the third and fifteenth min. With the previously known procedure, avoided introducing carbonaceous substances during the major period of boiling. Because, during this period, the gas evolution was maximum and the degree of the cumbustibleulisation was minimal, due to the drive of fuel particles ascending to the top of the converter.

With the procedure according to the present invention, previous difficulties are eliminated. A result of the formation of the annular zone of reaction at the surface of the burning charge, the substances as carbonaceous addition that was introduced come to exert their action fully, without so that they are driven even before coming into contact with the bath.

Accordingly, the degree of use as carbonaceous substances fed reaches with the method of the invention values of up to 90%.

According to the invention, can also be used as carbonaceous substances of any nature. It is not necessary to use kinds particularly pure. The most diverse genera

of carbonaceous material, even the varieties of lower value have been satisfactory. Can be used inter alia coke,

brown coal, coal any qualities, and even coal that has undergone smouldering and coal tar.

They may also be the problem of melting a solid filler composed of cast iron and scrap and transform it then steel.

In this case also, it is possible to supply the heat required by the addition of coal and other additive materials from C. ombutible e e.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention,

introduced at the same time inside the annular region

using a down pipe or other means, in the vessel where the reaction must take place, coal, iron ores and materials forming slag or slags, however that, under a reducing atmosphere, there is formed a liquid charge of a like composition than cast iron, and the load is then steel in an oxidizing atmosphere.

Can begin the formation of a liquid charge while the container is empty. May also be added at the beginning a portion

a molten iron and increasing this load by adding coal and ore, the feed rate to be adjusted so that the result is a bath melt having

the temperature required. Then ensured in the same container processing into steel. According to the content of the phosphorus load, is continued, simultaneously during the blowing of the refining agent on the surface of the bath, the addition of substances forming slag, as CàO, until it has taken a slag fluid capable input in response, and absorbs most phosphorous.

Following withdrawal of the slag or polysubstituted,

the process may be stopped, only by adding more, in the last phase, additive substances, and by getting containing only instead of blowing oxygen on the surface of the bath.

The method according to the invention allows the formation

very fast from a core material capable of undergoing reaction. The finely divided materials, giving rise to the slag, which has been introduced inside the jet to pass through the annular reaction zone heated to very high temperature, they undergo melting and react quickly with accompanying substances of the iron. It is possible to guide the process so that the phosphorus content is lowered in a few minutes such a limited number of 2, 0 to 0, 3 or 0, 4%, while the carbon content is still at a value of 2, 0 to 2, 5%. Before possible now with any other method. For the ordinarily skilled artisan, it is understandable that the freedom obtained renders the method universally usable in a field as extended. Can carry out various shades of any composition cast iron, cast iron solid, and even ores and scrap metal, with or without addition of liquid substances concurring with the formation of the load.

The method according to the invention can be combined with other measurements which have been satisfactory in special cases during the refining of the melt, thus for example that can constitute the liquid feed with a portion of the steel and slag completed final a previous batch, the load being increased by the addition of ore and coal together is blown. May also be added in excess sudden ferric oxide for example in the form of slag pickling flame,

for a period of refining, for example when the contents

the L

carbon is 2, 5 to 2% and that there is still a high content

phosphorus, and then tapping of the slag. This measure has the effect, as is known per se, cause very rapid extraction phosphorus.

The method according to the invention can be used as on the refinement and treatment of the steel.

The possibility of mutual adjustment of the nature and amount of the additive substances with respect to the blowing agent, in particular an appropriate adjustment of the amount of oxygen offered, depending on the amount of carbon or coal supply, results by setting, in the reaction container, an oxidizing atmosphere at will, neutral or reducing. For this reason, if desired, be forwarded the steel-making a treatment phase reductive complementary in nature, and can be added to steel completed alloying elements, such as manganese, chromium and nickel. In many cases, it is necessary to raise the temperature of the feedstock before adding alloying elements. This problem also can easily be solved by means of the method which is the object of the present invention.

The method according to the present invention realizes one alloy particularly advantageous and economical, since added substances giving rise to alloys in the form of oxides, such as chromium oxide, molybdenum oxide, manganese oxide and oxides like or in the form of ores containing such oxides, mixed with reducing substances. As reducing substances, coal is used or powdered aluminum, and influenced the atmosphere so that it is reducing. Result

the high temperature prevailing in the annular reaction, it is possible to reduce thereby the oxides and alloy iron. Before possible hitherto with neither blow on the surface of the bath, and they were instead forced to resort, for the alloying additions, to pure metals or alloys prerequisites with iron, which are substantially more expensive.

The present invention is secondly on

devices for carrying out the described method.

On pattern is one example, Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the installation, Figure 2 a larger-scale vertical section of the mouth portion of the blowpipe, and Figure 3 a vertical cross section of the upper part of the blowing device. Figure 4 gives a perspective cross section through the cone jet produced by the device.

Above the crucible 1, provided with a refractory lining, is disposed a blow tube 2 that can be moved up and down. For vertical guidance of the blow tube structure is provided with a rack support 3 4 or other guide member. The blow tube (fig. 2) is composed of an inner tube 5 wherein are introduced under pressure the blowing agent, for example oxygen, and an outer jacket 6 cooling.

In the gap between the inner tube 5 and the shell 6 is arranged a guide tube 7, so that there is a circuit for the cooling medium. In the mouthpiece 8, which is performed with advantage in a solid material, the inner tube and the outer tube are combined in a single piece and form the nozzle 9 which, in the embodiment, to the shape of a Laval nozzle. Alder distance above the mouth, the inner tube 5 tapers to form a path 10 throttle, the blow tube is mounted at the center of a drop tube 11, the bottom mouth of the drop tube in the region of the path of throttle. The upper portion 12 of the downcomer 13 passes through the wall of the duct 5 oxygen feeding curved at the top, and is sealed by means of a stuffing box 14 and a seal piece 16, that can be compressed by screws 15, with respect to the insertion opening 17 which carries a flange 18 (fig. 3). Above

the stuffing box, then fastened by autogenous weld, against the descending pipe, a flange 19 which is connected by bolts 20

to the flange 18. By the adjustment bolts 20, can axially move the drop tube with respect to the blow tube in the direction in which, it extends. Upwardly, the soil pipe is connected to a part 21 which widens in a funnel shape and is used to introduce the solid addition products. The funnel 21 filling is in communication with the atmosphere outside.

22 denotes a stopper member executed for example in the form of a register. The downcomer is capable, and this has been indicated above, as well as this was illustrated in the drawing in chain-dotted, execute with the funnel 21 to translate axially relative to the inner tube 5. When the tube of descent is in the lowermost position, the expansion cone has the smallest dimension; it is to say that the field counteracting ring formed on the surface of the product introduced to

the smallest diameter. By lifting the drop tube, the opening angle of the cone increases, and therefore also that of the diameter of the reaction field. In this way, there is a further possibility of adjustment, which is very easy and convenient, for the control of metallurgical operations.

Figure 4 represents the lower part of jets

hollow cone produced in this manner.

23 denotes a jet of a relatively small diameter, which causes the formation of the reaction ring 24, 25 denotes a jet of a larger diameter, which forms the reaction ring 26 of a greater diameter. Introduced additive materials from within the space 27 of the reaction ring.

As is seen in Figure 1, the introducing port 21, funnel-shaped, of the downcomer is in the region of a loading device which comprises a reservoir of a conveyor belt 28 and 29. The conveyor may be provided with in-weighing device, and can be carried out so as to allow pivotal movement, that loading can follow the vertical movement of lift and fall of the downcomer or blow tube. Instead

of the conveyor belt, there can also be a conveying tube with worm, preferably with inert gas.

The dimensions of the blowing device and therefore the magnitude of the reaction ring can be adapted to the size of the load to blow. For a load of 5 to 6 tons, is advantageously used a blow tube whose inner tube has, at the location of the constriction 10, 30 mm in diameter. The descending pipe inserted axially aalors an outside diameter of about 25 mm and an inner diameter of about 20 mm.

When the charges are greater, adopted the more large dimensions.

For understanding the invention, will be described the following examples:

EXAMPLE 1

After forming a filler composed of 400

kilos of scrap and 6540 kg of liquid raw iron having the composition 4, 12% carbon, 0, 85% silicon, 1, 65%

manganese, 0, 196% phosphorus, 0, 060% sulfur, and addition of 50 kg scale pickling flame and 30 kg of bauxite, the crucible is charged a blowing device as the drawing shown in detail.

At the location of the constriction, the inner tube has a diameter of 30 mm, the descending pipe an inner diameter of 20 mm and it is advanced to about 15 mm below the location of the constriction in the mouth portion of the nozzle tapers conically. The mouth of the nozzle is adjusted alder 400 mm distance from the surface of the bath, and starts the flow of an oxygen 14 actual atmospheres. It is formed on top of the bath a annular reaction zone.

A. the interior of the cone formed by the jet, is introduced for a period of 15, 5 minutes of blowing, by means of the downcomer, 450 kg of lime powder. Lime powder is aspirated by the expanding gas, and is spaced apart from the mouth of the downcomer and falls within the annular area of reaction. Towards the end of the blowing period, can be added, by partial quantities, 70 kg of grit

for crushing limestone introduced by means of a chute addition, the downcomer is preferably closed.

Immediately following, it cuts off the supply of oxygen, advanced from the blowing device, is swung around the crucible and tapping a test socket of the steel, which has the following composition: 0, 02% carbon, 0% silicon, 0.20% manganese, 0, 011% phosphorus, and 0, 014% sulfur.

The slag flowed, the temperature is 1605 °c. Poured in the steel. The yield is 89%.

EXAMPLE 2

Transforming a cast iron carbon content particularly low and relatively high content of phosphorus in a steel.

Has a filler composed of 6540 kg cast iron

liquid, having a carbon content of 1, 98 silicon

of 0, 72%, manganese of 0, 15%, phosphorus of 1, 0 of 390% sulfur, 052%, which is at a temperature of 1350 °c added 150 kg and 50 kg scale bauxite. Then, the crucible is charged a blowing device, as has been described in detail in the example prior opposite pattern seal.

The distance from the mouth of the nozzle relative to the surface of the bath is 600 mm. Begins blowing under an effective pressure of 10 atmospheres. There is formed an annular zone of reaction. A time blowing of 13 mm, are introduced inside of the jet, by means of the downcomer, 450 kg of lime powder without pressure, which has been sucked into the mouth of the downcomer and which falls within the annular area.

After this first period of blowing, stop the admission of oxygen, advanced from the blowing device, is swung around the crucible and is taken testing sockets steel as that of the slag. The steel has the following composition: 1, 14%

carbon, 0, 02% silicon, 0, 07% manganese, 0, 187% phosphorus, 0,043% sulfur. The slag has the following composition: 15.23% of FeO, MnO is 0.74% 9>84% if<^, 39 40% 4.46% of MgO ΐ CAD, the O ^ ^ P-18.21%, * ^^{: dRU} THE P®^{the Ra} *^{; eRUs} is 1520° C..

By flowing the slag covering the bath, is passed through the crucible in the blowing position, and through the goulotb addition added other components giving rise to slag, particularly preferably 100 kg scale pickling

flame, bauxite and 400 kg 50 kg of lime in pieces.

Then introduced the blow tube and continuing the blowing during 6, 5 minutes with an oxygen pressure of 14 atmospheres and a distance of 400 mm effective between the mouth of the nozzle, and the bath. During this last period of blowing, the downcomer is maintained closed by means of the stop member. After completion of the blowing, tapping a test socket of the steel.

Has the following characteristics:

0, 02% carbon, 0% silicon, 0, 03% manganese 0, 015 % phosphorus, 0, 021% sulfur. The temperature is from approximately 32 l6l0.

Upon elapse of the slag and layer solidifies, the rough-cast steel in the ingot molds or molds. The efficiency is 85, 3%.

EXAMPLE 3

Tempering of load during the major period boiling with grésillon coke

It is blowing a 4910 kg load of cast iron having the contents of 4, 10% carbon, silicon 0.75%, 1.60% manganese, 0, 0 and 170% phosphorus, 050% sulfur, and transform it in steel, the casting temperature to be of 1640 to 1650 °c. Based on the composition of the cast iron, can be melted together with 12% scrap, is 590 kg. It is however desirable implementing 1700 kg of iron scrap, either 25.7% and to provide further consists in melting scrap 1110 kg, however that this resistor charge temperature by the addition of grésillon coke.

The grésillon coke the available has the following composition: 17, 10% of water, 10.99% ash, 0.91% sulfur (dry state), 72, 12% carbon (dry) and 1, 76% of volatile components

The gross calorific value is of 5868 kcals,

and the net calorific value of 5754 kcals. The grain size is 3 mm to 0.

In the crucible with a refractory lining,

the feed is introduced 4910 kg composed of cast iron and 1700 kg scrap. As substance addition gives origin to the slag is added 500 kg of lime into pieces, 50 kg scale blasting torch, 30 kg of bauxite and 20 kg of fluorspar. As blowing device, used

the blow tube water cooled illustrated in the drawing and wherein is centrally mounted a down tube which is in communication with the outside atmosphere, the bottom mouth of the drop tube in the region of the expansion area of the blowing agent, however that may be moved up and down the drop tube with respect to the blowing device. With a blowing device of this kind, may form an annular area of reaction on the surface of the load and the loading materials can be inserted without pressure within the annular region.

The blowing device is adjusted over a distance of 600 mm of the surface of the bath. Oxygen are introduced at a pressure of 10 to 11 atmospheres effective. The third to twelfth minute of blowing, are introduced at 212 kg of grésillon coke having the composition described above. After a total time of blowing 21 min, poured in the slag. The final composition of the steel jigs of 0.05% carbon, 0, 18% manganese, 0,011% phosphorus. The temperature is l650 °C.

The efficiency of the fuel addition according to the invention is calculated as follows. For example temperature 1110 kg of iron scrap, from 20 °c up to 1650 °c, as well as for the supply of the quantity of heat for melting, must, due to data:

Steel=0, 15 kcals/kg in c-co=2.440 kcals e °C 1 kg (heat of fusion of the steel)=60 kcals/kg heat quantities:

1. 110. 0, 15. 1 . 630=271. 395 Kcals

1.110.60=66,600 "

337,995 Kcals 338,000

338. 000 c=192 kg of grésillon 139 kg of coke

2.440

The throughput is of 192/212.

100=91 %.

EXAMPLE 4

Warm-up of a load, during the period main boiling, with the coal dust

With a load of 5330 kg cast iron of a composition similar to that of the example 3, it is 1400 kg melt scrap (either 20.8 %). For the temperature of the load, is used coal furnaces of grain sizes of from 0 to 3 mm and having the following composition: 8, 00% water, 6, 28% ash, 0, 76% sulfur (dry state), 76, 65 % carbon (dry state), 4.07 % hydrogen, 4.39% of oxygen and nitrogen. The gross calorific value is of 7440 kcals, and the calorific value of 7128 kcals.

The operation mode is the same as in the example 3. aa.près load introduction and addition of 500 kg of lime into pieces, 50 kg of mill scale from the pickling flame, and 30 kg of fluorspar, begins blowing.

The distance of the blow tube with respect to the surface of the bath is 700 mm. The third to the thirteenth minute blowing added 240 kg of coal dust. Ala-end of the refining process, the slag flowed. The steel has a carbon content of 0, 06% of manganese in 0, 38%, and phosphorus in 0, 010%.

The temperature is 1705 °c. The degree of use of the coal dust is 72

EXAMPLE 5

Tempering of load during the major period boiling, with grésillon lignite coke

With a load of 5320 kg cast iron of a composition similar to that of the example 3, it is 1400 kg melt scrap (either 20.2%). to bring the temperature load, is used grésillon lignite coke having the following composition: 17.41% water, 22.72% ash, 1.63% sulfur (dry state), 56.86% carbon (dry state), 8.33 and % volatile matter.

The gross calorific value is of 5048 kcals,

and the net calorific value of 4863 kcals.

The operation mode is the same as in the example 3. After introduction of the feedstock and adding 550 kg of lime into pieces of 50 kg scale pickling flame, 30 kgs of bauxite and 30 kg of fluorspar, begins blowing. The distance of the blower tube with respect to the surface of the bath is 700 mm. Between the third and fourteenth minute of blowing, added 350 kg of grésillon lignite coke. At the end of the refining process, the slag flowed.

The steel has a carbon content of 0, 07%, manganese of 0, 37% and phosphorus in 0, 009%.

The temperature is 1645 °c. The degree of use of the lignite coke grésillon is 60%.

EXAMPLE 6

Tempering of a melt in a reductive medium

After addition of 50 kg scale, of 30 kg

bauxite and 450 kg of lime in pieces, is blown a load of 300 kg scrap and 6400 kg of molten iron with a carbon content of 4, 08%, silicon 0, 89% in manganese of 1.47% " of phosphorus in 0, 0 of 142% and sulfur, 057% with a blowing device such as it has been described in detail in front of the accompanying drawings, but with a drop tube closed (pressure 14 atmospheres effective, distance of nozzle 400 mm) after 16, 5 minutes of blowing, during which the search was further added by partial quantities, by means of a chute addition, 80 kg crushed lime stone chips, it cuts off the supply of oxygen, the blow tube is removed and taken testing sockets. The steel has the following contents: 0.03% carbon, 0% silicon, 0.27% manganese, phosphorus and 0,022% 0, 030% sulfur.

The temperature is 1610 °c.

It is boosting this temperature.

Complete the entire aa.près casting slag of the bath, is passed through the crucible in the blowing position, and introducing the blowing device in the crucible, said distance is adjusted with respect to the bath at a value of 400 mm, by adjusting the pressure of the oxygen on the value of actual 6 atmospheres, and continuing blow over the bath for 5 min., together by the drop tube is inserted inside the annular zone reaction 80 kg of coke breeze and 12 kg of lime dust. After the warm-up period, stopping the admission of oxygen and by tapping a new test socket. The content of the steel is as follows: 0, 09% carbon, 0% silicon, 0.27 Degrees] of O manganese, 0,025% phosphorus, and 0,025%

sulfur. The temperature is then 1640° C. draws the pouring of concrete and steel. The yield is 88, 5%.

THE RESIDU 7

Warm-up of a molten bath in a neutral atmosphere.

After addition of 50 kg scale, of 30 kg

bauxite and 450 kg of lime into pieces, by blowing with a blowing device as that which is shown in detail in the drawing, but of which the downcomer is closed, (under a pressure of 14 atmospheres effective and with a distance of 400 mm nozzle), a filler composed of 350 kg scrap and 6330 kg of molten iron having the following contents 4.01% carbon, 0.90% silicon, 0 1.40% manganese, phosphorus and 170% 0, 050% sulfur. After 16 minutes of blowing, during which is aajouté by partial quantities, by means of a chute addition, 100 kg of grit for crushing limestone, it cuts off the supply of oxygen, is moved away from the blow pipe and is taken testing sockets. The contents of the steel are as follows: 0, 05% carbon, 0% silicon, 0.27% manganese, 0,018% phosphorus, 0,025% sulfur. The temperature is 1580 °c.

It is raise this temperature.

Following casting of all slag surmounting the bath, is passed through the crucible in the blowing position and introducing the blowing device in the crucible, said distance is adjusted with respect to the bath on 400 mm, the oxygen pressure is set 7 on actual atmospheres, and continuing blow over the bath for 6 min, together with the drop tube is inserted inside the annular zone reaction 80 kg of coke breeze and 12 kg of lime dust.

After the warm-up period, the timer is stopped and oxygen inlet and picks up another test socket. The contents of the steel are as follows: 0, 05% carbon, 0% silicon 0.25% manganese, 0,018% phosphorus, and 0, 023 % sulfur.

The temperature is then of 1630 °c. Wherein the removal of steel and pouring of concrete in its mold. The efficiency is 88.9%

EXAMPLE 8

Warm-up of a molten bath, in an oxidizing atmosphere

After addition of 50 kg scale, of 30 kg

bauxite and 450 kg of lime in pieces, is blown with a blowing device as represented in detail on the accompanying drawings, but with a down tube closed, (under a pressure of 14 environments effective and with a distance of 400 mm nozzle) on a filler composed of 400 kg scrap and 6450 kg of molten iron, having carbon contents of 4, 10%, 0.95% silicon, manganese of 1.50% of phosphorus in 0, 164% of sulfur and 0,055%. After 16 minutes of blowing, during which additionally added 90 kg of grit for crushing limestone, by partial quantities and by means of a chute addition, it cuts off the supply of oxygen, is removed from the blow pipe and is taken testing sockets. The contents of the steel are as follows:

0.04% carbon, 0 % silicon, 0.30% manganese, 0,027% phosphorus, and sulfur 0,023%. The temperature is from 1590 °c.

It is raise this temperature.

After completely withdrawn from the slag bath, is passed through the crucible in the blowing position, and introducing dansdans.le crucible the blowing device, said distance is adjusted with respect to the bath on 400 mm, pressure is set as the actual oxygen on 7 atmospheres, and continuing blow over the bath for 7 min, at the same time which is penetrated through the drop tube 80 kg of coke breeze and 12 kg of lime powder within the annular area of reaction.

After the warm-up period, stopping the inflow of oxygen and by tapping a new test socket. The composition of the steel is the following: 0, 02% carbon, silicon 0% 0.23% manganese, 0,018% phosphorus, 0, 025% sulfur.

The temperature is then 1665° C. draws the steel and pouring of concrete in its mold. The yield is 88, 0%.

EXAMPLE 9

Alloy a molten bath with simultaneously setting temperature in a neutral atmosphere.

After addition of 50 kg scale, of 30 kg

bauxite and 450 kg of lime in pieces, is blown with the blower device illustrated in the drawing, but with the downcomer closed (and under a pressure of 14 atmospheres effective and a distance of 400 mm nozzle), on a charge of 300 kg

scrap and 6230 kg of molten iron having carbon contents of 4, 12% 0.97% of silicon, in manganese of 1, 42% of phosphorus in 0, 170 % and sulfur of 0, 044%. After blowing of 15, 5 minutes duration, during which the search was further added between the sixth and the Twelfth min 80 kg of grit for crushing limestone, introduced by partial charges, it cuts off the supply of oxygen, is removed from the blow pipe and tapping a test socket. The contents of the steel are as follows:

0.03% carbon, 0% silicon, 0.30 % manganese, 0,018% phosphorus, 0,027% sulfur.

The temperature is 1605 °c.

Following withdrawal of the slag, which is passed back

the crucible in the blowing position and introducing the blowing device. By adjusting the distance between the mouth of the nozzle and the bath on 400 mm, and in bringing the oxygen pressure to 8 atmospheres effective and continuing during 4, 5 minutes of blow on the bath at the same time introduced by the descending pipe 70 kg of coke breeze and 10 kg of lime powder inside the jet cone, and thus within the annular area to reaction. During the last warm-up period, it is to say half a minute before the end of the blow, is added, the chute by addition, 87 kg of ferrochrome having carbon contents of 1, 39%, silicon of 0, 80% of phosphorus in 0, 040%, sulfur of 0, 076% chromium and

of 66, 10 to fo. Then, it cuts off the supply of oxygen, advanced from the blowing device and taken testing sockets.

The composition of the steel is as follows: 0, 05% carbon, 0% of silicon, 0.28 % manganese, 0,018 % phosphor

0, 027% sulfur, 0.97 % chromium. The temperature is

the drawdown of 1640 °C., efficiency can be achieved

86, 2%.

EXAMPLE 10

After addition of 50 kg scale, of 30 kg

bauxite and 150 kg of lime in pieces, is blown with the blower device illustrated in the drawing, but with the downcomer closed (under a pressure of 14 atmospheres effective and with a distance of 400 mm nozzle), on a filler composed of 4800 kg of molten iron, having levels of 4, 05% carbon, 0.97% of silicon, of 1.53 % manganese, of 0, 0 168% phosphorus, 030% sulfur. After 6, 5 minutes duration blow, it cuts off the supply of oxygen, the blow tube is removed and tapping a test socket. The contents of the steel are as follows: 2, 10% carbon, 0 % silicon, 0, 58 % manganese, 0, 104% phosphorus, 0, 028% sulfur. The temperature of 1560 °c.

Is tempered in the crucible to the blowing position, and introducing the blowing device. By adjusting the distance from the mouth of the nozzle with respect to the bath on 600 mm, is passed through the oxygen pressure effective to 14 atmospheres, and continuing blow over the bath during 28, 5 min, however that, during this period of blowing, is introduced at the same time by the descending pipe 1500 kg of ore fines, 1000 kg of coke breeze and 210 kg of lime powder inside the jet cone and therefore within the reaction ring.

The ore has the following composition: 71, 0 % iron, 0.1%

manganese, 1.7 % siO ^, 0.05 % cAD, 0.01% sulfur 0, 08 % phosphorus, 4, 5% of O ^ ^ AL, 0, 1 % mgO.

After this time blowing which is

unwound in a reducing atmosphere, stopping the oxygen inlet, and the nozzle is removed by tapping a test socket.

The contents of the steel are as follows: 2.27% carbon,

0 Degrees] of O silicon, 0.25% manganese, 0,078% phosphorus and sulfur 0,035%. The temperature is from 1280 °c.

After partial withdrawal of the slag, is tempered in the crucible to the blowing position, the chute is added by adding 400 kg of lime in pieces, is introduced into the blowing device and, the drop tube being closed, continued

blowing during 13 minutes under a pressure of 14 atmospheres effective and a distance of 400 mm nozzle. Then, we complete the blowing, tapping a test socket and the temperature is measured. The contents are of 0, 03% carbon, 0% silicon 0.26% manganese, 0,017% phosphorus, 0,026% sulfur.

The temperature is 1660 °c.

Following withdrawal of the slag, wherein the removal of steel

and pouring of concrete in its mold. The yield is of 85.2%.

EXAMPLE 11

Transforming high phosphorus cast iron steel

After addition of 150 kg of scales

grit blasting the flame and 50 kg of bauxite, is blown

using a blowing device as illustrated in the drawing, and giving rise to an annular reaction zone on a filler composed of 6450 kg of molten iron having the carbon contents of 3.80% silicon of 0.83%, manganese of 0, 45%, phosphorus in 0, 950%, sulfur of 0, 040% by forming an annular zone of reaction. The distance of the blowing device with respect to the bath is 400 mm, and the oxygen pressure of 10 atmospheres effective. During the first period of blowing 9 min, is passed by the descending pipe 400 kg of lime dust being drawn into the mouth of the downcomer inward jet cone

and supplied to the inside of the annular zone. After the first period of 9 min, it cuts off the supply of oxygen,

the blowing device is suppressed and in adding bath at once 50 kg lump ore, by means of the supply. For one to two minutes, there is an acute reaction. Is swung around the crucible and taken testing sockets.

The composition of the steel is, at this stage, as follows:

2, 10% carbon, 0, 06% silicon, 0, 18% manganese 0,092% phosphorus, 0, 037 sulfur. The composition of the slag is 18.00% FeO, 2.30% MnO, 10.75% of

SiO_, 40.88% of CaO, 4.43% MgO, 12.78% of P_{the O} 0_I ,

5 enjoying enjoying

7, 31% of AI-O-.

The temperature is from 1520 °c.

Following withdrawal of the slag, is tempered in the crucible in the blowing position, the chute is introduced by adding 100 kg 50 kg scale bauxite and 400 kg of lime into pieces, and continuing the blow, with the descending pipe closed, under a pressure of 8 atmospheres effective and a distance of 400 mm nozzle. The duration of the second period of blowing is 6, 5 min.

Immediately thereafter, advanced from the blowing device, is swung around the crucible and tapping a test socket. The composition is as follows: 0.70% carbon

0 % silicon, 0, 11% manganese, 0,022 % phosphorus, 0,024% sulfur. The temperature is 1580 °c. Following withdrawal of the slag, is withdrawn and is cast steel. The efficiency is 85, 6%.

EXAMPLE 12

After addition of 150 kg of scales

grit blasting the flame and 50 kg of bauxite, is blown

6580 kg on a filler composed of a molten iron having a composition of 3.62% carbon, 0.27% silicon, 1.05% manganese, 1,750% phosphorus, 0,053% sulfur, by means of a blowing device as illustrated in the drawing, with formation of an annular zone of reaction.

The distance of the blowing device with respect to the bath is 400 mm, and the oxygen pressure of 10 atmospheres effective.

During the first period of blowing, of a duration of 10, 5 min, are introduced by the descending pipe 450 kg of lime powder that is drawn at the mouth of the drop tube inwardly of jet cone and is fed into the interior of the annular zone.

After the first period of blowing, of a duration of 10, 5 min, it cuts off the supply of oxygen, the blowing device is suppressed and in adding bath using the addition chute, and at once, 50 kg of lump ore.

During 2 to 2, 5 minute, there is a violent reaction.

Is swung around the crucible and taken from test portions.

At this time, the contents of the steel are of 1, 98% carbon, 0% silicon, 0.25% manganese, 0,225% phosphorus, 0,046% sulfur. The composition of the slag is 16, 30% of FeO, MnO 6.28%, 3, 64% SiO ^, 42, 30% of CaO,

1.64% mgO, 21.90% of P " 0 _ 5.23% of AI-O-. The

2, 5 2, 3 temperature is 1540 °c.

Following withdrawal of the slag, is then returned

the crucible to the blowing position, the chute by addition introduced scale 100 kg, 50 kg of bauxite and 400 kg of lime into pieces, and continuing the blow, with the descending pipe closed, under a pressure of 14 atmospheres effective and a distance of 400 mm nozzle. The duration of the second period of blowing is 6, 5 min.