КАТОД, ЭЛЕКТРОХИМИЧЕСКАЯ ЯЧЕЙКА И ЕЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to an electrochemical cell for electrocoagulation, comprising a cathode and a consumable anode, comprising a consumable portion and a non-consumable electroconductive portion. Cell is characterized by that consumable part has porosity between 20 and 60 % by volume and consists of pressed powder containing iron powder with at least 90 % by weight of iron. Invention also relates to a method of removing contaminants from water. EFFECT: use of the proposed invention improves manipulation of the consumable anode while maintaining a sufficiently high coagulation rate. 25 cl, 10 dwg, 6 ex, 10 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 688 166 C2 (51) МПК C25B 11/03 (2006.01) C25B 11/04 (2006.01) C02F 1/463 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C02F 1/46114 (2018.01); C02F 1/463 (2018.01); C25B 1/04 (2018.01); C25B 11/035 (2018.01); C25B 11/0405 (2018.01); C25B 11/0478 (2018.01); C25B 11/12 (2018.01) (21)(22) Заявка: 2015153202, 09.05.2014 09.05.2014 Дата регистрации: (73) Патентообладатель(и): ХЕГАНЕС АБ (ПАБЛ) (SE) 20.05.2019 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 4014766 A1, 29.03.1977. EP 13.05.2013 EP 13167470.7 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.06.2017 Бюл. № 17 (45) Опубликовано: 20.05.2019 Бюл. № 14 0015057 A2, 03.09.1980. WO 2013/059964 A1, 02.05.2013. RU 2079438 C1, 20.05.1997. RU 2455397 C2, 10.07.2012. RU 96117482 A, 20.09.1998. RU 2009118413 A, 27.11.2010. (86) Заявка PCT: EP 2014/059548 (09.05.2014) C 2 C 2 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 14.12.2015 (87) Публикация заявки PCT: WO 2014/184106 (20.11.2014) 2 6 8 8 1 6 6 2 6 8 8 1 6 6 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: R U R U (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: (72) Автор(ы): ТЭНДЬЮКАР Мэйден (US), АНДЖЕР Кайл (US), ЭНДЛЕР Пол (US) Адрес для переписки: 129090, Москва, ул. Б. Спасская, 25, стр. 3, ООО "Юридическая фирма ...

ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТИЧЕСКОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО

Изобретение относится к двум вариантам электролитического устройства. Устройство по одному варианту содержит: резервуар для воды, содержащий незаполненное пространство для вмещения воды; электролитическую ванну, расположенную в незаполненном пространстве резервуара для воды, содержащую камеру и внутреннюю стенку камеры, имеющую множество элементов для удержания, причем электролитическая ванна содержит верхнюю пластину и крышку, выполненную над верхней пластиной; и множество электродов, соединенных с множеством элементов для удержания и расположенных отдельно, при этом верхняя пластина электролитической ванны расположена над множеством электродов. Изобретение позволяет уменьшить потребление энергии и объем камеры. 2 н. и 13 з.п. ф-лы, 7 ил.

ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ ЯЧЕЙКА, ОБОРУДОВАННАЯ МИКРОЭЛЕКТРОДАМИ

Изобретение относится к электролитической ячейке для выработки неразделенных анодных и катодных продуктов, состоящая из литографически структурируемой подложки, имеющей поверхность, множество анодных и катодных микроэлектродов, сформированных на упомянутой поверхности, причем упомянутые анодные и катодные микроэлектроды взаимно вставлены один в другой с межэлектродным промежутком менее 100 микрометров и имеют среднюю шероховатость Ra поверхности менее 0,05 мкм. Также изобретение относится к способу изготовления ячейки, способу изготовления растворов смешанных окислителей переменного состава и устройству для дозирования стерилизующих, дезинфицирующих или моющих веществ. Предлагаемая ячейка обладает повышенной скоростью выработки продукта при его меньших потерях. 4 н. и 11 з.п. ф-лы, 2 ил., 3 пр.

ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ ЯЧЕЙКА, ОБОРУДОВАННАЯ МИКРОЭЛЕКТРОДАМИ

... 1. Электролитическая ячейка для выработки неразделенных анодных и катодных продуктов, состоящая из литографически структурируемой подложки, имеющей поверхность, множество анодных и катодных микроэлектродов, сформированных на упомянутой поверхности, причем упомянутые анодные и катодные микроэлектроды взаимно вставлены один в другой с межэлектродным промежутком менее 100 микрометров и имеют среднюю шероховатость Ra поверхности менее 0,05 мкм.2. Электролитическая ячейка по п. 1, в которой упомянутая средняя шероховатость Ra поверхности составляет менее 0,01 мкм.3. Электролитическая ячейка по п. 1, в которой по меньшей мере упомянутые анодные микроэлектроды включают в себя внешний слой, состоящий из осажденной в вакууме пленки легированного бором алмаза.4. Электролитическая ячейка по п. 1, в которой упомянутые микроэлектроды включают в себя внешний слой, выполненный из материала, содержащего по меньшей мере один элемент, выбранный из группы, состоящей из Pt, Pd, Ir, Ru, Rh, Nb и Ti.5. Электролитическая ...

КАТОД ДЛЯ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИЗА И СПОСОБ ЕГО ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ, И ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ ЯЧЕЙКА ДЛЯ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИЗА

Изобретение относится к катоду для электролиза, содержащему проводящую подложку и слой катализатора на этой подложке, содержащий рутений. При этом в этом слое катализатора при измерении методом рентгеновской фотоэлектронной спектроскопии отношение максимальной интенсивности пика рутения 3d 5/2, возникающего между 281,4 эВ и 282,4 эВ, к максимальной интенсивности пика рутения 3d 5/2, возникающего между 280,0 эВ и 281,0 эВ, составляет 0,45 или более. Причем слой катализатора содержит: в качестве второго компонента, по меньшей мере один или более элементов, выбранных из группы: неодим, прометий, самарий, европий, гадолиний, тербий и диспрозий; в качестве третьего компонента, по меньшей мере один или более элементов, выбранных из группы: марганец, железо, кобальт, цинк, галлий, сера и свинец, причем количество элемента (элементов) второго компонента составляет 0,01 моль или более и менее чем 1 моль относительно 1 моль рутения, а количество элемента (элементов) третьего компонента составляет ...

ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ ЯЧЕЙКА ДЛЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ОКИСЛЯЮЩИХ РАСТВОРОВ

МИКРОПОРИСТЫЙ ПОЛУПРОВОДНИКОВЫЙ МАТЕРИАЛ, СПОСОБ ЕГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ, КАТОДНЫЙ ЭЛЕМЕНТ БЕЗ АСБЕСТОВЫХ ВОЛОКОН И АССОЦИАЦИЯ КАТОДНОГО ЭЛЕМЕНТА

Микропористый электропроводниковый материал, содержащий волокнистый слой без асбеста, отличающийся тем, что указанный слой включает углеродные или графитовые волокна, политетрафторэтиленовые волокна, минеральные инертные волокна, no крайней мере один фторсодержащий полимер, связывающий волокна, и при желании no крайней мере один сгуститель. Катодный элемент, содержащий указанный материал, и ассоциация этого катодного элемента с диафрагмой или мембраной. Использование этой ассоциации в ванне для электролиза водных растворов галогенидов щелочных металлов.

СИСТЕМЫ, УСТРОЙСТВА И СПОСОБЫ ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ ПОСРЕДСТВОМ ПРЕОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ВОДЫ В ВОДОРОД И КИСЛОРОД

Chemisch beständiger, oxidischer Elektrokatalysator für die Sauerstoffentwicklung während der alkalischen Wasserelektrolyse basierend auf BaCoO3-delta, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und ihn umfassende Anode sowie katalytisch aktives und chemisch stabiles Reaktionsprodukt davon

Offenbart wird ein zweiphasiges elektrisch leitfähiges Mischoxid auf Perovskitbasis der Struktur ABOmit A = Ba, und B = Co, umfassend zusätzlich 5-45 at%, bevorzugt 15 bis 50 at%, besonders bevorzugt 25 at% CoO(at % Co bezogen auf Gesamtzahl der Co-Atome im Perovskit ABOund 0,5 bis 3 at%, bevorzugt 1 bis 2,5 at%, besonders bevorzugt 2 at% (wobei die at% bezogen sind auf die Gesamtzahl der B-Kationen im Perovskit ABO) Ti als Dotierstoff. Bevorzugt hat das Mischoxid die stöchiometrische Formel BaCoTiO:CoOmit x=0,005 bis 0,03, bevorzugt x = 0,01 bis 0,025, besonders bevorzugt x = 0,02, wobei δ die Leerstellen in der Perovskit-Struktur definiert und im Bereich von im Bereich von ca. ca. 0,1 bis 0,8, bevorzugt 0,3 bis 0,7, besonders bevorzugt ca. 0,5 bis 0,6 liegt. Offenbart werden ferner ein Katalysator und eine Anode, die das Mischoxid umfassen, die Verwendung des Katalysators bei der alkalischen Wasserelektrolyse oder in Metall-Luft-Batterien, die Verwendung des Mischoxids zur Herstellung ...

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Peroxodisulfaten in wässriger Lösung

Die Erfindung hat ein rationelles Verfahren zur Herstellung von Peroxodischwefelsäure und/oder deren Salzen durch Elektrolyse von Schwefelsäure und/oder Metallsulfate enthaltenden wässrigen Lösungen unter Verwendung diamantbeschichteter Anoden zum Ziel. DOLLAR A Das neue Verfahren beruht auf der Verwendung echter bipolarer, nur einseitig mit dotiertem Diamant beschichteten Siliziumelektroden, bei denen die unbeschichteten Rückseiten direkt als Kathoden wirken. Da der Elektrolystestrom auf kurzem Weg nur von der einen Seite der bipolaren Elektrode auf die andere fließt und durch die kathodische Belastung der Siliziumoberfläche die Bildung von schlecht leitenden Oxidschichten sicher verhindert wird, sind sehr niedrige Zellspannungen unter 5 V und damit günstige spezifische Elektroenergieverbräuche unter 2 kWh/kg erreichbar. Bevorzugt können diese bipolaren Siliziumelektroden in ungeteilten Elektrolysezellen, aber auch in durch Inonenaustauschermembranen oder poröse Diaphragmen geteilten Elektrolysezellen ...

Electrode assembly and electro-chemical cell comprising the same

Electrochemical cell assembly and method for operation of the same

A device for producing ozonated water from a reservoir of water provided, the apparatus comprising an electrochemical cell to electrolyse water to produce ozone and having a first and second electrode assembly; an electrical supply for providing an electrical energy source to the electrochemical cell; a conductivity sensor for determining the conductivity of fluid in the region of the electrode assemblies of the cell; a processor for receiving an indication of fluid conductivity from the conductivity sensor and determining if the conductivity of the fluid in the region of the electrode assemblies is above a threshold value and, if the conductivity is above the threshold value, activating the electrochemical cell. A method of use is also provided. The electrical supply may be a battery, cable, or solar panel or array. The electrodes can be formed of a diamond material with a conductive coating.

ELECTRODE ARRANGEMENT, MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR IT AND USE OF IT

Electrode for evolution of gaseous products and method of manufacturing thereof

The invention relates to an electrode suitable as anode for evolution of gaseous products comprising a metal substrate coated with at least one titanium suboxide layer having an interconnected porosity and containing catalytic noble metal oxides. The invention further relates to a method of manufacturing such electrode comprising applying a mixture of titanium suboxides and noble metal oxide-based catalyst on a valve metal substrate via cold gas spray technique.

REACTOR WITH ADVANCED ARCHITECTURE FOR THE ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION OF CO2, CO, AND OTHER CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

A platform technology that uses a novel membrane electrode assembly, including a cathode layer, an anode layer, a membrane layer arranged between the cathode layer and the anode layer, the membrane conductively connecting the cathode layer and the anode layer, in a COx reduction reactor has been developed. The reactor can be used to synthesize a broad range of carbon-based compounds from carbon dioxide and other gases containing carbon.

ELECTROLYZER

Provided is an electrolytic cell which has excellent durability against reverse current. This electrolytic cell 330, having a positive electrode 314, a positive electrode chamber 310 which accommodates the positive electrode 314, a negative electrode 330, a negative electrode chamber 320 which accommodates the negative electrode 330, and a diaphragm which separates the positive electrode chamber 310 from the negative electrode chamber 320, is characterized in that a reverse current absorbing body 334, which is composed of a sintered body containing nickel, is disposed in at least one of the negative electrode chamber 320 and the positive electrode chamber 310, and the reverse current absorbing body 334 is electrically connected to at least one of the negative electrode 330 and the positive electrode 314 without being directly coupled with the negative electrode 330 and the positive electrode 314.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ANODE FOR ALKALINE WATER ELECTROLYSIS, AND ANODE FOR ALKALINE WATER ELECTROLYSIS

Provided is a method capable of manufacturing, in an easy and low-cost manner, an electrolysis electrode which can be used in alkaline water electrolysis and has high resistance against output variation. The manufacturing method for an alkaline water electrolysis positive electrode includes: a step for dissolving lithium nitrate and nickel carboxylate in water to make an aqueous solution containing lithium ions and nickel ions; a step for applying the aqueous solution to a surface of a conductive substrate comprising, at least on the surface thereof, nickel or a nickel base alloy; and a step for thermally treating, at a temperature in the range of 450°C to 600°C, the conductive substrate to which the aqueous solution has been applied and forming on the conductive substrate a catalytic layer comprising a lithium-containing nickel oxide.

HYDROGEN PRODUCTION MICROELECTRODE OPTICAL FIBER, OPTICAL CABLE, AND HYDROGEN PRODUCTION DEVICE FOR LIGHT SUPPLEMENTARY ELECTROLYSIS OF WATER

A hydrogen production microelectrode optical fiber (1), optical cable (11), and hydrogen production device for light supplementary electrolysis of water. The microelectrode optical fiber (1) comprises a light guide core (2). The light guide core (2) has at least a first light guide section (A) and a second light guide section (B); in the first light guide section (A), the light guide core (2) is sequentially provided with a light absorption layer (3), an inner electrode layer (4), an insulating layer (5), a void layer (6), a proton exchange membrane (8) and an outer electrode layer (9) from inside to outside; and in the second light guide section (B), the light guide core (2) is provided with a conductive layer (10) that is connected with the inner electrode layer (4). The hydrogen production optical cable (11) comprises a protective casing (12) and microelectrode optical fibers (1) that are encapsulated and bundled therein. The hydrogen production device comprises an electrolyte bath ( ...

ELECTROLYZED WATER PRODUCTION DEVICE

An electrolyzed water production device that electrolyzes water containing chloride ions to produce electrolyzed water containing hypochlorous acid, wherein said device comprises an electrolysis tank through which the water passes, and an electrode provided within the electrolysis tank, the electrode comprising a catalytic layer containing iridium oxide, tantalum oxide, and rhodium oxide, and the proportion of the number of atoms of the rhodium in the catalytic layer to the sum of the number of atoms of iridium contained in the iridium oxide, the number of atoms of tantalum contained in the tantalum oxide, and the number of atoms of rhodium contained in the rhodium oxide being 31% to 60%.

ELECTROLYTIC CELL EQUIPPED WITH MICROELECTRODES

The invention relates to an electrolytic cell equipped with microelectrodes for the generation of un-separated products and the method for obtaining it. The cell and the microelectrodes of the present invention are obtained using a technology for the production of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). The anodic and cathodic microelectrodes have an electrocatalytic coating and are mutually intercalated at an interelectrodic gap lower than 300 micrometres.

ANODE FOR ALKALINE WATER ELECTROLYSIS

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a positive electrode for alkaline water electrolysis, capable of producing hydrogen by using water electrolysis using power having high output fluctuation, such as renewable energy, said positive electrode having high durability against output fluctuation. The positive electrode for alkaline water electrolysis comprises: a conductive base body containing nickel or a nickel-base alloy on at least the surface thereof; and a lithium-containing nickel oxide catalyst layer formed on the base body surface. The positive electrode for alkaline water electrolysis is characterized by the molar ratio (Li/Ni) between the lithium and nickel in the catalyst layer being within the range of 0.005-0.15.

ELECTROLYTIC CELL FOR PRODUCTION OF ORGANIC CHEMICAL HYDRIDES

Provided is an electrolytic cell for production of organic chemical hydrides which allows the reduction of an organic compound containing an unsaturated bond to proceed in a cathode at a high current efficiency and a low power consumption rate. The electrolytic cell (10) for production of organic chemical hydrides comprises: a proton-conductive solid polymer electrolyte membrane (11); a cathode (12) that is provided on one side of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane (11) and reduces a material to be hydrogenated, thereby generating a hydride; a cathode compartment (13) which contains the cathode (12) and into which the material to be hydrogenated is supplied; an electrode catalyst-containing anode (14) provided on the other side of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane (11) and oxidizes water, thereby generating protons; and an anode compartment (15) which contains the anode (14) and into which an electrolytic solution is supplied. The cathode (12) side and/or the anode (14) side of ...

NOVEL CATALYST MIXTURES

Catalysts that include at least one catalytically active element and one helper catalyst are disclosed. The catalysts may be used to increase the rate, modify the selectivity or lower the overpotential of chemical reactions. These catalysts may be useful for a variety of chemical reactions including, in particular, the electrochemical conversion of CO2. Chemical processes and devices using the catalysts are also disclosed, including processes to produce CO, OH-, HCO-, H2CO, (HC02)-, H2C02, CH3OH, CH4, C2H4, CH3CH2OH, CH3COO, CH3COOH, C2H6, O2, H2, (COOH)2, or (COO-)2, and a specific device, namely, a CO2 sensor.

ELECTROCATALYST FOR FUEL CELLS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAID ELECTROCATALYST

The invention relates to a carbon-free electrocatalyst for fuel cells, containing an electrically conductive substrate and a catalytically active species, wherein the conductive substrate is an inorganic, multi-component substrate material of the composition 0X1-0X2, in which 0X1 means an electrically non-conductive inorganic oxide having a specific surface area (BET) in the range of 50 to 400 mVg and 0X2 means a conductive oxide. The non-conductive inorganicr oxide 0X1 is coated with the conductive oxide 0X2. The multi-component substrate preferably has a core/shell structure. The multi-component substrate material 0X1-0X2 has an electrical conductivity in the range > 0.01 S/cm and is coated with catalytically active particles containing noble metal. The electrocatalysts produced therewith are used in electrochemical devices such as PEM fuel cells and exhibit high corrosion stability.

CATHODE FOR ELECTROLYTIC EVOLUTION OF HYDROGEN

The invention relates to an electrode suitable for use as a cathode for hydrogen evolution in industrial electrolytic processes. The electrode comprises a metallic substrate, an internal catalytic layer containing rhodium and an external catalytic layer containing ruthenium.

NOVEL CATALYST MIXTURES

Catalysts that include at least one catalytically active element and one helper catalyst are disclosed. The catalysts may be used to increase the rate, modify the selectivity or lower the overpotential of chemical reactions. These catalysts may be useful for a variety of chemical reactions including, in particular, the electrochemical conversion of CO2. Chemical processes and devices using the catalysts are also disclosed, including processes to produce CO, OH-, HCO-, H2CO, (HC02)-, H2C02, CH3OH, CH4, C2H4, CH3CH2OH, CH3COO, CH3COOH, C2H6, O2, H2, (COOH)2, or (COO-)2, and a specific device, namely, a CO2 sensor.

Covalent organic frameworks as porous supports for non-noble metal based water splitting electrocatalysts

The present invention discloses porous covalent organic frameworks (COF) supported noble metal-free nanoparticles which are useful as electrocatalysts for a water splitting system, and to the process for preparation of such electrocatalysts. The covalent organic frameworks (COF) supported noble metal-free nanoparticles have general formula (I): COF_AxBy(M)n (Formula I) wherein COF is selected from a Tris (4-formylphenyl)amine terephthaldehyde polymer or a benzimidazole-phloroglucinol polymer; ‘A’ and ‘B’ each independently represent a transition metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, Zn, and mixtures thereof; or ‘A’ and ‘B’ together represent a transition metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, Zn, and mixtures thereof; ‘M’ represents hydroxide or a nitride ion; ‘x’ and ‘y’ represent the weight % of the metal loadings; or a ratio of x:y is between 0:1 and 1:0; and ‘n’ is an integer 1 or 2 or 3.

Method of producing hydrogen peroxide using nanostructured bismuth oxide

The method of producing hydrogen peroxide using nanostructured bismuth oxide is an electrochemical process for producing hydrogen peroxide using a cathode formed as oxygen-deficient nanostructured bismuth oxide deposited as a film on the surface of a conducting substrate. An anode and the cathode are immersed in an alkaline solution saturated with oxygen in an electrolytic cell. An electrical potential is established across the cathode and the anode to initiate electrochemical reduction of the oxygen in the alkaline solution to produce hydrogen peroxide by oxygen reduction reaction.

Asbestos-free cathodes for electrolytic cells

Cathodes comprised of an asbestos-free microporous electroconductive substrate containing (a) carbon/graphite fibers, (b) polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fibers and (c) inert mineral fibers, and (d) optionally, at least one thickening agent, consolidated together in a matrix of (e) at least one fluoropolymer binder, are well suited for the electrolysis of solutions of, e.g., alkali metal halides.

Devices and methods for electrolytic production of disinfectant solution from salt solution in a container

Examples described herein include electrolysis devices for producing a disinfectant solution from a salt solution in a container and methods of using the same. The devices include an electrode assembly able to penetrate the container. The disinfectant solution may be hypochlorous acid or metal ion hypochlorite. The salt solution may be a predetermined volume of sterile saline solution.

COOLING APPARATUS FOR KILLING FUNGI ON DEW CONDENSATION PART BY MEANS OF HYDROGEN GENERATED BY ELECTROLYZING WATER CONDENSED AT DEW CONDENSATION PART OF COOLING APPARATUS

Provided are: a vehicle cooling apparatus and a residential and office cooling apparatus, which are improved so as to prevent offensive odors and respiratory diseases by killing fungi and bacteria inside of a cooling part by means of hydrogen generated by electrolyzing the water condensed at the cooling part of the cooling apparatus; or a cooling apparatus and an air conditioning apparatus having a health-beneficial hydrogen generation device added thereto in which bacteria do not propagate since hydrogen is mixed and supplied to the interior air by means of a heat pump such that air quality is improved and the quality-improved air is supplied.

LAYERED ALKALI IRIDATE, LAYERED IRIDIC ACID, AND IRIDIUM OXIDE NANOSHEET

Provided is a layered alkali iridate and a layered iridic acid to be used for producing iridium oxide nanosheets, and an iridium oxide nanosheet. A layered alkali iridate with composition of MxIrOy.nH2O (where M is a monovalent metal, x is 0.1 to 0.5, y is 1.5 to 2.5, and n is 0.5 to 1.5), wherein MxIrOy.nH2O has a layered structure. The M is potassium, and the layered alkali iridate has diffraction peaks at 29 diffraction angles of 13.0° and 26.0°. A layered iridic acid with a composition of HxIrOy.nH2O (where x is 0.1 to 0.5, y is 1.5 to 2.5, and n is 0 to 1), wherein HxIrOy.nH2O has a layered structure. This layered iridic acid has diffraction peaks at 2θ diffraction angles of 12.3° and 24.6°. A single crystalline iridium oxide nanosheet having a thickness of 3 nm or less.

Cathode for electrolysis and method for producing same, and electrolytic cell for electrolysis

Provided is a cathode for electrolysis comprising a conductive substrate and a Ru element-containing catalyst layer on the conductive substrate, wherein in the catalyst layer, the ratio of the maximum intensity of the Ru 3d 5/2 peak appearing between 281.4 eV and 282.4 eV to the maximum intensity of the Ru 3d 5/2 peak appearing between 280.0 eV and 281.0 eV, in an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic measurement is 0.45 or more.

Nickelelektrode, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung

Nickelelektrode, umfassend ein elektrisch leitfähiges Nickelnetz aus Nickeldrähten oder ein gitterförmiges, Stege umfassendes Nickel-Streckmetall und eine nur auf den Drähten des Nickelnetzes oder nur auf den Stegen des Nickel-Streckmetalls aufgebrachte Nickelschicht aus aneinander haftenden, sphärischen, nanoporösen Nickelpartikeln, erhältlich durch ein Verfahren, umfassend folgende Schritte:a) Vorsehen von sphärischen Nickelhydroxid-Partikeln,b) partielle Reduzierung der sphärischen Nickelhydroxid-Partikel in einer reduzierenden Atmosphäre bei Temperaturen von 270-330°C zur Erzielung partiell reduzierter, sphärischer Ni/NiO-Partikel,c) Herstellen einer Paste aus den erhaltenen Ni/NiO-Partikeln, einem organischen und/oder anorganischen Bindemittel und einem Tensid, wobei die Menge an Tensid 0,1 bis 20 Gew.-% beträgt, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Paste,d) Aufbeschichten der Paste auf das elektrisch leitfähige Nickelnetz oder Nickel-Streckmetall, unde) Tempern des beschichteten Nickelnetzes ...

Multilayer structure

A multi-layered structure of an electrode is described, comprising a first layer 110, a second layer 120 and a third layer 130.The first 110 and third layers 130 are one or more pyrolysed carbon nano-membrane (CNM) or one or more layers of graphene (SLG). The second layer 120 is a dielectric layer which may comprise one or more carbon nanomembranes (CNM). The carbon nanomembranes may be formed as cross linked self assembled monolayers (cross-linked SAM). The electrode may comprise part of a capacitor or energy storage device. The at least two layer structures may be wound onto a former, or layered on top of each other (figure 2). A method of production of the multi layer structure is also defined.

Electrochemical cell assembly and method for operation of the same

Electrode configuration of electrolysers to protect catalyst from oxidation

Arbeitselektrode zur Direktreduktion von Carbonaten zu Kohlenwasserstoffen in einem wässrigen Carbonat-Elektrolyten

Es wird eine Arbeitselektrode zur Direktreduktion von Carbonaten zu Kohlenwasserstoffen in einem wässrigen Carbonat-Elektrolyt mit einem elektrisch leitenden Träger auf Kohlenstoffbasis beschrieben. Um ein derartige Arbeitselektrode zu schaffen, die bei hohem Faraday-Wirkungsgrad auch über einen längeren Zeitraum eine zuverlässige und gleichzeitig energieeffiziente Direktreduktion von Carbonaten zu diversen Kohlenwasserstoffen ermöglicht, wird vorgeschlagen, dass auf dem elektrisch leitenden Träger ein Carbonatreduktionskatalysator aufgebracht ist, der aus einem Verbund einer auf einem elektrisch leitfähigen, p-dotierten Polymer basierenden Matrix als Polykation einerseits und eines Carbonats als Polyanion andererseits gebildet ist.

Positive electrode for alkaline water electrolysis and method for producing positive electrode for alkaline water electrolysis

Provided are: a positive electrode for alkaline water electrolysis, which is obtained at low cost and is capable of achieving low overvoltage; and a method for producing a positive electrode for alkaline water electrolysis. A positive electrode for alkaline water electrolysis, which is characterized by forming, on the surface of a conductive base 1 that is formed from nickel or a nickel-based alloy, electrode catalyst layers 2, 3 that are formed from a first catalyst component comprising a nickel cobalt spinel oxide or a lanthanoid nickel cobalt perovskite oxide and a second catalyst component comprising at least one of iridium oxide and ruthenium oxide; and a method for producing this positive electrode for alkaline water electrolysis.

Electrolyzer and membranes

ELECTROLYZER AND MEMBRANES An electrochemical device converts C02 into various products such as CO, HCO-, H2CO, (HCO 2 )-, H 2CO2 , CH 30H, CH 4 , C 2H4, CH 3CH2OH, CH3COO, CH3COOH, C2H6 , (COOH) 2, (COO-)2 , H2C=CHCOOH, and CF 3COOH. The device is made up of an anode, a cathode, and a Helper Membrane. In some embodiments, the device can also contain a catalytically active element. In some embodiments, the device is able to achieve a faradaic efficiency above 50% and C02 conversion current density over 20 mA/cm 2 at a cell voltage of 3.0 V. In some embodiments, the Helper Membrane comprises a polymer containing an imidazolium ligand, a pyridinium ligand, or a phosphonium ligand.

Electrode for electrolytic processes

An electrode on valve metal substrate suitable for the evolution of oxygen in electrolytic processes is provided with a coating comprising a catalytic layer containing platinum group metals and one or more protective layers based on tin oxide modified with a doping element selected from bismuth, antimony or tantalum and with a small amount of ruthenium. The electrode is useful in processes of non-ferrous metal electrowinning.

Electrolytic cell for the production of oxidising solutions

The invention relates to a three-compartment electrolytic cell for production of oxidising disinfectant solutions. The intermediate compartment (300) of the cell is separated from the anodic compartment (200) by a fibrous diaphragm (321) in intimate contact with an anion-exchange membrane (320). The diaphragm (321) is formed by a network of organic polymer fibres mechanically bound to ceramic particles. The cathodic compartment (400) is separated from the intermediate compartment (300) by a cation-exchange membrane (340). Within intermediate compartment (300) a saturated solution of sodium chloride (510) is recycled. Inside tank (500) a decomposition catalyst is contained.

Heterostructures for ultra-active hydrogen evolution electrocatalysis

A cathode for water splitting production includes: (1) a porous substrate; and (2) an electrocatalyst affixed to the porous substrate. The electrocatalyst includes heterostructures of a first material and a second material that partially covers the first material.

Method and device for the preparation of alcohols from hydrocarbons

A method of producing methanol from methane in which hot-electrons generated under an external electric field in a process taking place in a multi-layer heterostructure comprising a nanoporous layer drive the conversion from methane to methanol. The structure generates hot electrons by providing spatial enhancement of the electric field, and purges hot holes which are created when hot electrons depart. This combination enhances heterogeneous catalysis of the conversion reaction.

SYSTEMS, APPARATUSES, AND METHODS FOR GENERATING ELECTRIC POWER VIA CONVERSION OF WATER TO HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN

Systems, apparatuses, and methods for generating electric power via conversion of water to hydrogen and oxygen. According to an aspect, a method includes applying super-heated steam across a catalyst surface within a catalyst chamber to generate ionized steam plasma. The method further includes forming an anode and a cathode between molecules of the ionized steam plasma. The method also includes using the anode and the cathode to generate electricity.

REACTOR WITH ADVANCED ARCHITECTURE FOR THE ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION OF CO2, CO, AND OTHER CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

A platform technology that uses a novel membrane electrode assembly including a cathode layer comprising a reduction catalyst and a first anion-and-cation-conducting polymer, an anode layer comprising an oxidation catalyst and a cation-conducting polymer, a membrane layer comprising a cation-conducting polymer, the membrane layer arranged between the cathode layer and the anode layer and conductively connecting the cathode layer and the anode layer, in a COx reduction reactor has been developed. The reactor can be used to synthesize a broad range of carbon-based compounds from carbon dioxide.

WATER SPLITTING METHOD AND SYSTEM

An electrode is presented for use in an oxidation process. The electrode comprises a substrate having an electrically conductive surface carrying a chiral system. The chiral system is configured for controlling spin of electrons transferred between the substrate and electrolyte during the oxidation process.

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLS FROM HYDROCARBONS

A method of producing methanol from methane in which hot-electrons generated under an external electric field in a process taking place in a multi-layer heterostructure comprising a nanoporous layer drive the conversion from methane to methanol. The structure generates hot electrons by providing spatial enhancement of the electric field, and purges hot holes which are created when hot electrons depart. This combination enhances heterogeneous catalysis of the conversion reaction.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION OF CARBON DIOXIDE

A method and apparatus is provided for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to formate and formic acid. One embodiment features a three-compartment reactor which houses: a gas compartment; a catholyte compartment, which contains a porous cathode having a tin-based catalyst; and an anolyte compartment, which contains an anode having a mixed metal oxide catalyst. Further embodiments include a method for depositing tin onto a porous cathode, tin-zinc cathodes, a reaction method using an acidic anolyte, and pulsed polarization to extend reactor runtimes.

ELECTROLYTIC DEVICE FOR ELECTROLYZING LIQUID WATER AND GENERATING HYDROGEN-OXYGEN GAS

The present creation provides an electrolytic device and comprises an electrolytic tank and a plurality of electrodes. The electrolytic tank comprises a case for accommodating liquid water. The inner wall of the case has a plurality of engagement structures. The plurality of electrodes are set in the engagement structures respectively to be arranged at intervals in the case, wherein the case is connected to the plurality of electrodes by injection molding.

CATALYTIC ASSEMBLY

Disclosed herein is a catalytic assembly comprising a porous electrically conductive substrate, and a porous metallic composite coating the substrate, where the catalytic assembly has a three dimensional interpenetrating porous structure, where the substrate has a three dimensional interpenetrating porous structure having a first average pore diameter (PD SUB ), and the porous metallic composite is amorphous and has a three dimensional interpenetrating porous structure having a second average pore diameter (PD PMC ), the PD PMC being sufficiently smaller than the PD SUB to allow the porous metallic composite to coat substrate surfaces throughout the substrate including surfaces of pores in the substrate. The catalytic assembly may be suitable for use as oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts, among others.

CATALYTIC ASSEMBLY

Disclosed herein is a catalytic assembly comprising a porous electrically conductive substrate, and a porous metallic composite coating the substrate, where the catalytic assembly has a three dimensional interpenetrating porous structure, where the substrate has a three dimensional interpenetrating porous structure having a first average pore diameter (PD SUB ), and the porous metallic composite is amorphous and has a three dimensional interpenetrating porous structure having a second average pore diameter (PD PMC ), the PD PMC being sufficiently smaller than the PD SUB to allow the porous metallic composite to coat substrate surfaces throughout the substrate including surfaces of pores in the substrate. The catalytic assembly may be suitable for use as oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts, among others.

METHOD OF INSTALLING OXYGEN-CONSUMING ELECTRODES IN ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS AND ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL

The invention relates to a mounting variant of an oxygen consuming-electrode in an electrolysis device, in particular for use in chlor-alkali electrolysis. According to the invention, the bend and/or edge and/or overlapping area is covered with a catalyst-containing film.

CHEMICALLY MODIFIED GRAPHENE

This disclosure relates to graphene derivatives, as well as related devices including graphene derivatives and methods of using graphene derivatives.

CHEMICALLY MODIFIED GRAPHENE

This disclosure relates to graphene derivatives, as well as related devices including graphene derivatives and methods of using graphene derivatives.

ELECTROLYTIC CELL FOR PRODUCTION OF ORGANIC CHEMICAL HYDRIDES

An electrolysis cell 10 for producing an organic chemical hydride includes a solid polymer electrolyte film 11 which has proton conductivity; a cathode 12 which is provided on one surface of the solid polymer electrolyte film 11 and generates a hydride by reducing a substance to be hydrogenated; a cathode chamber 13 which accommodates the cathode 12 and to which the substance to be hydrogenated is supplied; an electrode catalyst-containing anode 14 which is provided on another surface of the solid polymer electrolyte film 11 and generates a proton by oxidizing water; and an anode chamber 15 which accommodates the anode 14 and to which an electrolytic solution is supplied, in which at least one of a surface of the cathode 12 side and a surface of the anode 14 side of the solid polymer electrolyte film 11 is hydrophilized.

Anodes for alkaline electrolysis

A method of making an anode for alkaline electrolysis cells includes adsorption of precursor material on a carbonaceous material, conversion of the precursor material to hydroxide form and conversion of precursor material from hydroxide form to oxy-hydroxide form within the alkaline electrolysis cell.

Electrolytic electrode and process of producing the same

An electrolytic electrode having an interlayer having more excellent peeling resistance and corrosion resistance and longer electrolytic life than conventional electrolytic electrodes and capable of flowing a large amount of current at the industrial level and a process of producing the same are provided. The electrolytic electrode includes a valve metal or valve metal alloy electrode substrate on the surface of which is formed a high-temperature oxidation film by oxidation, and which is coated with an electrode catalyst. The high-temperature oxidation film is integrated with the electrode substrate, whereby peeling resistance is enhanced. Further, by heating the high-temperature oxidation film together with the electrode catalyst, non-electron conductivity of the interlayer is modified, thereby making it possible to flow a large amount of current.

PHOTOELECTRODE USED FOR CARBON DIOXIDE REDUCTION AND METHOD FOR REDUCING CARBON DIOXIDE USING THE PHOTOELECTRODE

Disclosed is an anode electrode including a nitride semiconductor layer. This nitride semiconductor layer includes an Al x Ga 1-x N layer (0<x≦0.25), an Al y Ga 1-y N layer (0≦y≦x), and a GaN layer. The Al y Ga 1-y N layer is interposed between the Al x Ga 1-x N layer and the GaN layer. The value of x is fixed in the thickness direction of the Al x Ga 1-x N layer. The value of y decreases from the interface with the Al x Ga 1-x N layer f toward the interface with the GaN layer. The Al x Ga 1-x N layer is irradiated with light having a wavelength of 360 nm or less so as to reduce carbon dioxide.

METHOD OF FORMING COMPOSITE CATALYST LAYER, STRUCTURE FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION DEVICE, AND ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION DEVICE

A method of forming a composite catalyst layer includes repeating a first step of forming a first deposit part and a second step of forming a second deposit part to alternately deposit the first and second catalyst materials. At least one effective thickness out of a first effective thickness calculated from a growth rate of the first deposit part and a second effective thickness calculated from a growth rate of the second deposit part is not less than 0.02 nm nor more than 0.5 nm.

ELECTROCHEMICAL CATALYST FOR CONVERSION OF CO2 TO ETHANOL

An electrocatalyst comprising (i) carbon nanospikes and (ii) copper-containing nanoparticles residing on and/or embedded between said carbon nanospikes. The carbon nanospikes are doped with a dopant selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, boron, and phosphorous. Also disclosed herein is a method of producing the eletrocatalyst and a method for converting carbon dioxide into ethanol by use of the above-described electrocatalyst.

Method for producing peroxodisulfates in aqueous solution

A process for preparing or regenerating peroxodisulfuric acid and its salts by electrolysis of an aqueous solution containing sulfuric acid and/or metal sulfates at diamond-coated electrodes without addition of promoters is described, with bipolar silicon electrodes which are coated with diamond on one side and whose uncoated silicon rear side serves as cathode being used.

Electrobiocatalytic reactors having reversible bioelectronic interfaces and methods and devices related thereto

An inexpensive, easily renewable bioelectronic device useful for bioreactors, biosensors, and biofuel cells includes an electrically conductive carbon electrode and a bioelectronic interface bonded to a surface of the electrically conductive carbon electrode, wherein the bioelectronic interface includes catalytically active material that is electrostatically bound directly or indirectly to the electrically conductive carbon electrode to facilitate easy removal upon a change in pH, thereby allowing easy regeneration of the bioelectronic interface.

PROCESS FOR THE FACILE ELECTROSYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENE FROM CO2

The present invention relates to the production of graphene from CO2through electrolysis and exfoliation processes. One embodiment is a method for producing graphene comprising (i) performing electrolysis between an electrolysis anode and an electrolysis cathode in a molten carbonate electrolyte to generate carbon nanomaterial on the cathode, and (ii) electrochemically exfoliating the carbon nanomaterial from a second anode to produce graphene. The exfoliating step produces graphene in high yield than thicker, conventional graphite exfoliation reactions. CO2can be the sole reactant used to produce the valuable product as graphene. This can incentivize utilization of CO2, and unlike alternative products made from CO2such as carbon monoxide or other fuels such as methane, use of the graphene product does not release this greenhouse gas back into the atmosphere.

Electrocatalyst for water electrolysis

A cathode is provided for electrolysis of water wherein the cathode material comprises a multi-principal element, transition metal dichalcogenide material that has four or more chemical elements and that is a single phase, solid solution. The pristine cathode material does not contain platinum as a principal (major) component. However, a cathode comprising a transition metal dichalcogenide having platinum (Pt) nanosized islands or precipitates disposed thereon is also provided.

NOBLE METAL NANOCLUSTER CATALYSTS FOR OXYGEN EVOLUTION REACTION AND WATER SPLITTING SYSTEM USING THE SAME

Disclosed are an electrochemical catalyst capable of lowering the overpotential of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) during a water splitting reaction even with a very small amount of noble metal in the complicated water splitting reaction that requires high overpotential, and a water splitting system using the same.

УСТРОЙСТВО И СПОСОБ КАТАЛИЗА

Изобретение относится к способу катализа электрохимической окислительно-восстановительной реакции активных частиц в проводящем растворе. При этом способ включает: обеспечение электрокаталитической матрицы, содержащей несущую подложку; поверхностные структуры, выступающие из несущей подложки, причём поверхностные структуры содержат электрокатализатор; функциональную поверхность на электрокатализаторе, причём функциональная поверхность находится в верхней части поверхностных структур и при этом функциональная поверхность предназначена для контакта с активными частицами в проводящем растворе; погружение поверхностных структур в раствор и введение в него противоэлектрода; и создание тока или напряжения между электрокатализатором и противоэлектродом таким образом, чтобы плотность заряда, напряжение или ток, фокусировалась на функциональных поверхностях, и активные частицы подвергались реакции окисления-восстановления после контакта с функциональными поверхностями. При этом множество поверхностных ...

ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ ЯЧЕЙКА ДЛЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ОКИСЛЯЮЩИХ РАСТВОРОВ

Изобретение может быть использовано в химической промышленности. Трехкамерная электролитическая ячейка используется для производства окисляющих дезинфицирующих растворов. Промежуточная камера (300) ячейки отделена от анодной камеры (200) волокнистой диафрагмой (321), непосредственно контактирующей с анионообменной мембраной (320). Диафрагма (321) образована сеткой из волокон органического полимера, механически связанных с керамическими частицами. Катодная камера (400) отделена от промежуточной камеры (300) катионообменной мембраной (340). Насыщенный раствор хлорида натрия (510) рециркулируют через промежуточную камеру (300). Внутри резервуара (500) содержится катализатор разложения. Из анодной камеры (200) отводят продукт – окисляющий раствор (220), содержащий свободный активный хлор, со слабокислым рН. Предложенное изобретение позволяет увеличить срок службы электролитической ячейки, в которой получают кислые растворы. 2 н. и 6 з.п. ф-лы, 2 пр., 1 ил.

СПОСОБ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЬНОСТИ НИКЕЛЕВЫХ ЭЛЕКТРОДОВ

... 1. Способ повышения производительности никелевых электродов с покрытием на основе платиновых металлов, оксидов платиновых металлов или смесей платиновых металлов и оксидов платиновых металлов для электролиза хлорида натрия по мембранному способу, отличающийся тем, что при электролизе хлорида натрия в католит добавляют растворимое в воде или в щелочи соединение платины, особенно гексахлороплатиновая кислота или платинат щелочного металла, особенно предпочтительно Na2PtCl6 и/или Na2Pt(OH)6. ! 2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что после добавки платината напряжение электролиза изменяется в интервале от 0 до 5 В, предпочтительно на величину от 0,5 до 500 мВ. ! 3. Способ по п.2, отличающийся тем, что напряжение электролиза, которое составляет от 0 до 5 В, изменяется в импульсном режиме или путем совмещения напряжения электролиза и переменного напряжения, предпочтительно на величину от 0,5 до 500 мВ. ! 4. Способ по одному из пп.1-3, отличающийся тем, что к соединению платины добавляют еще другие ...

СПОСОБ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ЭЛЕКТРОДА ДЛЯ ЭЛЕКТРОКАТАЛИЗА

Настоящее изобретение относится к способу изготовления электрода, пригодного для электрокатализа, содержащего электрокаталитически активный материал, в частности, анода для щелочного гидролиза воды. Способ изготовления электрода, пригодного для электрокатализа, содержащего электрокаталитически активный материал, состоящий по существу из нелегированных или легированных оксидов металлов или их смеси с одним или более из сульфидов металлов, сульфитов металлов, сульфатов металлов, фосфатов металлов, фосфитов металлов и фосфидов металлов, включает стадии: (а) обеспечивают пригодную для электрода подложку, содержащую электронопроводящий материал; (b) обеспечивают смесь-прекурсор, содержащую по меньшей мере (i) источник нитратной соли металла М и (ii) топливный компонент, пригодный для синтеза горением раствора; (с) переносят на электронопроводящий материал подложки стадии (а) смесь-прекурсор стадии (b) с получением прекурсора электрода; (d) нагревают полученный на стадии (с) прекурсор электрода ...

Reinigungsvorrichtung und Reinigungsverfahren

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Reinigungsvorrichtung (10) sowie ein Reinigungsverfahren, durchgeführt mit einer Reinigungsvorrichtung, insbesondere zum Reinigen, Entkeimen oder Desinfizieren von Geschirr, Arbeitsgeräten, Lebensmitteln oder dergleichen, wobei die Reinigungsvorrichtung einen Flüssigkeitskreislauf (11) umfasst, wobei in dem Flüssigkeitskreislauf Reinigungsflüssigkeit (17) zirkulieren kann, wobei in dem Flüssigkeitskreislauf zu reinigendes Gut der Reinigungsflüssigkeit ausgesetzt werden kann, wobei die Reinigungsvorrichtung eine Elektrolyseeinrichtung (25) mit einer Diamantelektrode (28) zur Herstellung eines Oxidationsmittels umfasst, wobei die Reinigungsvorrichtung einen Zuleitungsstrang (21) aufweist, der mit dem Flüssigkeitskreislauf verbunden ist, wobei die Elektrolyseeinrichtung mit dem Zuleitungsstrang verbunden ist, derart, dass das Oxidationsmittel über den Zuleitungsstrang in den Flüssigkeitskreislauf einleitbar ist.

Sauerstoffverzehrelektrode und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung

Es wird ein Sauerstoffverzehrelektrode, insbesondere für den Einsatz in der Chloralkali-Elektrolyse, mit einer neuartigen Katalysatorbeschichtung auf Basis von Kohlenstoffnanoröhrchen sowie eine Elektrolysevorrichtung beschrieben. Es wird ferner ein Herstellungsverfahren für die Sauerstoffverzehrelektrode sowie ihre Verwendung in der Chloralkali-Elektrolyse oder Brennstoffzellentechnik beschrieben.

Electrodes for metal ion batteries and related materials, batteries and methods

Electrochemical method of ammonia generation

Electrochemical method of ammonia generation

The present invention relates to apparatus and a method for electrolytically pro­ducing ammonia. Nitride ions are formed at a cathode 3 and metal ions are formed at metallic anode 1. Both the N3- and metal ions are then dissolved in an electrolyte 2. The electrolyte 2 is then purged with HCl and/or HBr and/or HI to produce NH3. The anode 1 may comprise at least 10 wt% of Li, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn or Al. The apparatus may include a heater and may also include a switch for reversing polarity of the anode 1 and cathode 3. The anode 1 can either be a solid electrode, a coated conductive sheet and/or have a porous structure. The electrolyte 2 can have a melting point below the decomposition temperature of ammonia. The electrolyte 2 is preferably kept below 500 °C. Nitrogen can be supplied through the cathode 3, and the HCl and/or HBr and/or HI may be supplied through the anode (Fig. 3; 1). After ammonia production, the polarity may be switched to regenerate the anode 1. The energy required for ...

Method for imparting filtering capability in electrolytic cell for wastewater treatment

An electrolytic cell, system, and method for the energy efficient electrochemical treatment of wastewater comprising organic and/or inorganic pollutants are disclosed. The system comprises an electrolytic cell comprising a solid polymer, proton exchange membrane electrolyte operating without catholyte or other supporting electrolyte. The electrolytic cell also comprises a filter layer incorporated between the anode fluid delivery layer and the anode flow field plate for removing various contaminants including particulates and/or suspended solids from the wastewater stream. The cell design and operating conditions chosen provide for significantly greater operating efficiency.

Systems, apparatuses, and methods for generating electric power via conversion of water to hydrogen and oxygen

Systems, apparatuses, and methods for generating electric power via conversion of water to hydrogen and oxygen. According to an aspect, a method includes applying super-heated steam across a catalyst surface within a catalyst chamber to generate ionized steam plasma. The method further includes forming an anode and a cathode between molecules of the ionized steam plasma. The method also includes using the anode and the cathode to generate electricity.

Catalytic or electrocatalytic generation of chlorine dioxide

The present invention concerns an electrode element comprising a valve metal substrate, a first catalyst component applied to said substrate, said first catalyst component suitable for evolving oxygen from an aqueous solution under anodic polarization, a second catalyst component suitable for generating chlorine dioxide from a chlorate solution in acidic environment; said first and second catalyst component being electrically insulated from each other. The inventions also concern an electrolytic cell comprising such an electrode element and a process for the generation of chlorine dioxide on a catalyst component an electrochemical cell comprising such an electrode element.

METHOD FOR ELECTROLYZING ALKALINE WATER

Provided is an alkaline water electrolysis method capable of reducing or preventing degradation in cathode and anode performance even in an operation of repeated cycles of frequent starting and stopping, and/or even in an operation involving a significant output variation. The present invention provides an alkaline water electrolysis method including repeated cycles of intermittent operation, including an electrolysis step of performing alkaline water electrolysis including storing an electrolytic solution (16) in a circulation tank (5), feeding the electrolytic solution (16) in the circulation tank (5) to an anode chamber (2) and to a cathode chamber (3), returning an electrolytic solution generated in the cathode chamber (3) and an electrolytic solution generated in the anode chamber (2) to the circulation tank (5), mixing together these electrolytic solutions in the circulation tank (5), and recirculating the mixed electrolytic solution to the anode chamber (2) and to the cathode chamber ...

REACTOR WITH ADVANCED ARCHITECTURE FOR THE ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION OF CO2, CO, AND OTHER CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

SUBSTRATE-ELECTRODE (SE) INTERFACE ILLUMINATED PHOTOELECTRODES AND PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS

A photoelectrode for a photoelectrochemical cell is disclosed. The photoelectrode comprises a back-contact solar cell comprising emitter and collector contacts being spaced apart by first openings. The emitter and collector contacts are respectively collected in an emitter busbar and a collector busbar. The photoelectrode further comprises a contact passivation layer to separate the emitter and collector contacts from the electrolyte when in use. The contact passivation layer further comprises second openings in correspondence with the first openings. The photoelectrode further comprises a resin layer covering the openings and a portion of the contact passivation layer such that in use only charge carriers from the emitter contacts traverse the contact passivation layer in its way to the electrolyte while charge carriers from the collector contacts are collected in the collector busbar. An electrocatalyst layer is further provided covering respectively the resin layer and/or the contact ...

ELECTROLYZER AND MEMBRANES

An electrochemical device converts CO2 into various products such as CO, HCO-, H2CO, (HCO2)-, H2CO2, CH3OH, CH4, C2H4, CH3CH2OH, CH3COO, CH3COOH, C2H6, (COOH)2, (COO-)2, H2C=CHCOOH, and CF3COOH. The device is made up of an anode, a cathode, and a Helper Membrane. In some embodiments, the device can also contain a catalytically active element. In some embodiments, the device is able to achieve a faradaic efficiency above 50% and CO2 conversion current density over 20 mA/cm2 at a cell voltage of 3.0 V. In some embodiments, the Helper Membrane comprises a polymer containing an imidazolium ligand, a pyridinium ligand, or a phosphonium ligand.

ELECTROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS AND METHODS USING METAL HALIDE TO FORM PRODUCTS

There are provided electrochemical methods and systems to form one or more organic compounds or enantiomers thereof selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted dioxane, substituted or unsubstituted dioxolane, dichloroethylether, dichloromethyl methyl ether, dichloroethyl methyl ether, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, phosgene, and combinations thereof.

CATALYTIC OR ELECTROCATALYTIC GENERATION OF CHLORINE DIOXIDE

The present invention concerns an electrode element comprising a valve metal substrate, a first catalyst component applied to said substrate, said first catalyst component suitable for evolving oxygen from an aqueous solution under anodic polarization, a second catalyst component suitable for generating chlorine dioxide from a chlorate solution in acidic environment; said first and second catalyst component being electrically insulated from each other. The inventions also concern an electrolytic cell comprising such an electrode element and a process for the generation of chlorine dioxide on a catalyst component an electrochemical cell comprising such an electrode element.

ELECTROCATALYTIC MATERIALS, AND METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING SAME

The present invention provides an electrocatalytic material and a method for making an electrocatalytic material. There is also provided an electrocatalytic material comprising amorphous metal or mixed metal oxides. There is also provided methods of forming an electrocatalyst, comprising an amorphous metal oxide film.

광전기화학 물분해(Photoelectrochemical water splitting)용 P(NDI2OD-T2)광전극 제조방법

... 본발명은 광전기화학 물분해 (Photoelectrochemical water splitting)용 NDI-OD 광전극 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 투명 전도성 전극인 FTO 위에 P(NDI2OD-T2) 물질을 코팅 하여 제조되는 것으로, 본발명은 탁월한 광반응성과 함께 안정성이 좋아 광전기화학 물분해전극용 전극으로 사용되는 현저한 효과가 있다.

ANODE FOR ELECTROLYTIC EVOLUTION OF CHLORINE

Electrode material

A system which includes two electrodes for use as cathode and anode, respectively, can perform water electrolysis. Each of the two electrodes includes a self-supporting electrode material containing a porous core material and a coating material. The porous core material includes carbon, and the coating material contains a transition metal phosphide. The two electrodes include identical electrode material, and each of the electrodes contains a connector to connect to a power source.

Method for Electrocatalytic Reduction using Au Nanoparticles Tuned or Optimized for Reduction of CO2 to CO

Selective electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) to carbon monoxide (CO) on gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) in 0.5 M KHCO3 at 25° C. Among monodisperse 4-, 6-, 8-, and 10-nm NPs tested, the 8 nm Au NPs show the maximum Faradaic efficiency (FE), up to 90% at −0.67 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest that edge sites dominate over corner sites on the Au NP surface facilitating stabilization of the reduction intermediates, such as COOH1*, and the formation of CO. This mechanism is further supported by the fact that Au NPs embedded in a matrix of butyl-3methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate for more efficient COOH* stabilization exhibit even higher reaction activity (3 A/g mass activity) and selectivity (97% FE) at −0.52 V (vs. RHE). Use of monodisperse Au NPs to optimize the available reaction intermediate binding sites thus allows efficient and selective electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO.

METHOD FOR MOUNTING OXYGEN-CONSUMING ELECTRODES IN ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS AND ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS

Method for the gastight and liquid-tight installation of oxygen-consuming electrodes in an electrolysis apparatus, and electrolysis apparatus for use in chloralkali electrolysis, in which particular regions are covered with an additional film having a composition comparable to the oxygen-consuming electrodes ...

ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION DEVICE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING ANODE FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION DEVICE

An anode of an electrochemical reaction device includes: a stack having a conductive substrate and an oxide layer on the conductive substrate, the conductive substrate containing nickel or iron, and the oxide layer containing a nickel oxide or an iron oxide; and an oxidation catalyst layer disposed on the stack and containing an oxidation catalyst to oxidize water. A Raman spectrum of the oxide layer measured by a Raman spectroscopic analysis has a peak at a Raman shift of 500 cm−1 or more and 600 cm−1 or less or at a Raman shift of 1270 cm−1 or more and 1370 cm−1 or less.

SUBSTRATE-ELECTRODE (SE) INTERFACE ILLUMINATED PHOTOELECTRODES AND PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS

A photoelectrode for a photoelectrochemical cell is disclosed. The photoelectrode comprises a back-contact solar cell comprising emitter and collector contacts being spaced apart by first openings. The emitter and collector contacts are respectively collected in an emitter busbar and a collector busbar. The photoelectrode further comprises a contact passivation layer to separate the emitter and collector contacts from the electrolyte when in use. The contact passivation layer further comprises second openings in correspondence with the first openings. The photoelectrode further comprises a resin layer covering the openings and a portion of the contact passivation layer such that in use only charge carriers from the emitter contacts traverse the contact passivation layer in its way to the electrolyte while charge carriers from the collector contacts are collected in the collector busbar. An electrocatalyst layer is further provided covering respectively the resin layer and/or the contact ...

HEMATITE-BASED PHOTOANODES WITH MANGANESE, COBALT, AND NICKEL ADDITIVES

A photoanode, photochemical cell and methods of making are disclosed. The photoanode includes an electrode at least partially formed of hematite and having a surface doped with at least one of nickel, cobalt and manganese. The electrode surface may be doped with nickel. The surface may be doped with cobalt. The electrode surface may be doped with manganese. An aqueous solution may surround the photoanode and a cathode, the photoanode being configured to generate holes upon light absorption and the cathode being configured to emit electrons to the aqueous solution. A voltage source may be electrically coupled between the photoanode and the cathode.

PHOTOELECTRODE, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME, AND PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CELL

The present invention provides a photoelectrode 100 includes a first conductor 101 as a substrate; a second conductor 103 which includes a plurality of pillar structures 102 disposed on the first conductor 101, and is transparent; and a photocatalyst layer 104 including a visible-light photocatalyst and disposed on the surfaces of the pillar structures 102. The photoelectrode according to the present invention is capable of effectively utilizing energy of light for an intended reaction such as a water decomposition reaction.

Apparatus and method for manufacturing vitreous silica crucible

There are provided an apparatus and a method for manufacturing a vitreous silica crucible which can prevent the deterioration of the inner surface property in the manufacturing process of a vitreous silica crucible. The apparatus includes a mold defining an outer shape of a vitreous silica crucible, and an arc discharge unit having electrodes and a power-supply unit, wherein each of the electrodes includes a tip end directed to the mold, the other end opposite to the tip end, and a bent portion provided between the tip end and the other end.

Porous electrode for proton exchange membrane

A process for manufacturing a catalytic electrode includes depositing an electrocatalytic ink on a carrier, wherein the electrocatalytic ink includes an electrocatalytic material and a product polymerizable into a protonically conductive polymer. The process also includes solidifying the electrocatalytic ink so as to form an electrode wherein the composition of the product polymerizable into a protonically conductive polymer and its proportion in the ink is defined so that the electrode formed has a breaking strength greater than 1 MPa. The process further includes separating the electrode formed from the carrier.

Crumpled Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Sheets

An electrohydrodynamic (EHD) method results in charge driven droplet fission and volumetric shrinkage of metal dichalcogenide sheet droplets, thus wrinkling individual exfoliated metal dichalcogenide sheets on the nanoscale. For example, the method can be used to activate the basal plane of solution exfoliated, stable 2H reverted sheets of MoS2. In this manner, the basal plane of 2H MoS2 can be strained at an unprecedented scale (3.7%), resulting in charge transport to basal plane defects. The resulting crumpled MoS2 integrates few layer sheets and atomistic defects with nano- and micro-scale ridges and vertices to enable centimeter-length films that elevate the catalytic site count of MoS2 from 1.0×1014 sites/cm2 to 2.93×1017 sites/cm2 (planar 2H vs. crumpled 2H) and a turn-over-frequency (TOF) from 0.016 s−1 to 0.130 s−1.

REACTOR WITH ADVANCED ARCHITECTURE FOR THE ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION OF CO2, CO, AND OTHER CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

A platform technology that uses a novel membrane electrode assembly including a cathode layer comprising a reduction catalyst and a first anion-and-cation-conducting polymer, an anode layer comprising an oxidation catalyst and a cation-conducting polymer, a membrane layer comprising a cation-conducting polymer, the membrane layer arranged between the cathode layer and the anode layer and conductively connecting the cathode layer and the anode layer, in a COreduction reactor has been developed. The reactor can be used to synthesize a broad range of carbon-based compounds from carbon dioxide. 1. A membrane electrode assembly comprising:a cathode layer comprising a reduction catalyst and a first anion-and-cation-conducting polymer;an anode layer comprising an oxidation catalyst and a first cation-conducting polymer;a membrane layer comprising a second cation-conducting polymer, the membrane layer arranged between the cathode layer and the anode layer and conductively connecting the cathode layer and the anode layer; anda cathode buffer layer comprising a second anion-and-cation conducting polymer, the cathode buffer layer arranged between the cathode layer and the membrane layer and conductively connecting the cathode layer and the membrane layer.2. The membrane electrode assembly of claim 1 , the cathode buffer layer further comprising FumaSep FAA-3.3. The membrane electrode assembly of claim 2 , the cathode layer further comprising FumaSep FAA-3.4. The membrane electrode assembly of claim 3 , wherein the second cation-conducting polymer is selected from a group consisting of Nafion 115 claim 3 , Nafion 117 claim 3 , and Nafion 211.5. A membrane electrode assembly comprising:a cathode layer comprising a reduction catalyst and a first anion-and-cation-conducting polymer;an anode layer comprising an oxidation catalyst and a first cation-conducting polymer;a membrane layer comprising a second cation-conducting polymer, the membrane layer arranged between the cathode ...

Oxygen generation electrode and oxygen generation apparatus

An oxygen generation electrode includes, a conductive layer including a salt of stannic acid, the salt of stannic acid having a perovskite structure, a light absorption layer disposed on the conductive layer, and a catalyst layer disposed on the light absorption layer, the catalyst layer including an oxide having a perovskite structure and being responsible for an oxygen evolution reaction, the conductive layer being doped to degeneracy with impurities, the light absorption layer forming a Type-II heterojunction with the conductive layer, the catalyst layer being doped to degeneracy with impurities, the upper end of the valence band of the catalyst layer being higher than the upper end of the valence band of the light absorption layer.

Methanol generation device, method for generating methanol, and electrode for generating methanol

The present invention provides a methanol generation device for generating methanol by reducing carbon dioxide, comprising: a container for storing an electrolyte solution containing carbon dioxide; a cathode electrode disposed in the container so as to be in contact with the electrolyte solution; an anode electrode disposed in the container so as to be in contact with the electrolyte solution; and an external power supply for applying a voltage so that a potential of the cathode electrode is negative with respect to a potential of the anode electrode. The cathode electrode has a region of Cu 1-x-y Ni x Au y (0<x, 0<y, and x+y<1). The anode electrode has a region of a metal or a metal compound.

Photocathode for a photoelectrolysis device, method for producing such a photocathode, and photoelectrolysis device

A photocathode for a photoelectrolysis device, including: a substrate; a layer of a metal conductor arranged on the substrate; at least one first layer of a first, p-type semiconductor arranged on the layer of metal conductor; at least one second layer of a second p-type semiconductor arranged on the first layer of the first, p-type semiconductor; and at least one third layer of a third, n-type semiconductor forming a protective layer and arranged on the second layer of the second, p-type semiconductor, the third layer of the third, n-type semiconductor being stable in aqueous media to prevent contact between an aqueous electrolyte and the first and second layers of the first and second, p-type semiconductors and including a material of ABO 3 material, wherein A is selected from Ca, Sr and Ba and B is selected from Ti, Fe.

Hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst

Systems and methods for a hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst are provided. Electrode material includes a plurality of clusters. The electrode exhibits bifunctionality with respect to the hydrogen evolution reaction. The electrode with clusters exhibits improved performance with respect to the intrinsic material of the electrode absent the clusters.

HETEROSTRUCTURED THIN-FILM CATALYSTS COMPRISING NANOCAVITIES

A heterostructured catalyst includes a 2-dimensional (2D) array of titanium including nanocavities that are all directly attached to a substrate. Each of the titanium including nanocavities have a pore with a nanopore size and a wall with a nanowall thickness. The titanium including nanocavities can be titania nanocavities with a metal layer or a metal compound layer on the titania nanocavities including inside the pores, or the titanium including nanocavities can include SrTiOor consist of SrTiO, each with a surface layer of reduced SrTiO.

Passivating window and capping layer for photoelectrochemical cells

An aspect of the present disclosure is a photoelectrochemical device that includes a first cell that includes a first semiconductor alloy, a capping layer that includes a second semiconductor alloy, and a passivating layer that includes a third semiconductor alloy, where the passivating layer is positioned between the first cell and the capping layer, and at least a portion of the capping layer is configured to be in direct contact with an electrolyte.

Continuous co-current electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide

In various embodiments, the invention provides electro-chemical processes for reduction of carbon dioxide, for example converting carbon dioxide to formate salts or formic acid. In selected embodiments, operation of a continuous reactor with a three dimensional cathode and a two-phase (gas/liquid) catholyte flow provides advantageous conditions for electro-reduction of carbon dioxide. In these embodiments, the continuous two-phase flow of catholyte solvent and carbon dioxide containing gas, in selected gas/liquid phase volume flow ratios, provides dynamic conditions that favour the electro-reduction of COs at relatively high effective superficial current densities and gas space velocities, with relatively low reactor (cell) voltages (<10 Volts). In some embodiments, relatively high internal gas hold-up in the cathode chamber (evident in an internal gas to liquid phase volume ratio >0.1) may provide greater than equilibrium CO 2 concentrations in the liquid phase, also facilitating relatively high effective superficial current densities. In some embodiments, these characteristics may for example be achieved at catholyte pH>7 and relatively low CO 2 partial pressures (<10 bar). In some embodiments, these characteristics may for example be achieved under near adiabatic conditions, with catholyte outlet temperature up to about 80° C.

Surface modified electrodes for electrochemical syngas roduction

A process for electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide and water forming carbon monoxide and hydrogen comprising the steps of; providing a metal substrate formed of a metal having a low carbon monoxide bonding strength; forming a self-assembled monolayer bonded to the metal substrate wherein the self-assembled monolayer includes an organic ligand having a surface end having a reactive group bonded to the metal substrate and an opposing end including an organic functional group regulating a ratio of reaction products; contacting carbon dioxide and water with the electrode having the self assembled monolayer forming carbon monoxide and hydrogen; wherein a selectivity of reaction products of carbon monoxide and hydrogen produced by the electrode is regulated relative to a bare metal substrate.

Breakdown of fuel components and solvents in groundwater and contaminated soil

A system and method for remediation of polluted sites, implementing a combination of chemical and biological breakdown modes on the contaminating compounds. The system includes at least one reactor for production in situ of reagents required for the breakdown modes. The reactor includes at least three types of substantially independent electro-cells for production of Fenton reagents and dissolved oxygen. The method according to the invention includes utilizing at least one reactor which comprised of substantially independent electro-cells for producing reagents required for remediation of the polluted sites and a computerized controller loaded with data obtained from a site survey, measurements made by instruments and programmed sequence. The existing remediation techniques encounter in serious difficulties due to poor process control. Using the system according to the present invention allows control of the parameters and acceleration of the remediation process.

Semiconductor photoelectrode and method for splitting water photoelectrochemically using photoelectrochemical cell comprising the same

Provided is a semiconductor photoelectrode comprising a conductive substrate; a first semiconductor photocatalyst layer provided on a surface of the conductive substrate; a second semiconductor photocatalyst layer provided on a surface of the first semiconductor photocatalyst layer. The semiconductor photoelectrode has a plurality of pillar protrusions on the surface thereof. A surface of each of the pillar protrusions is formed of the second semiconductor photocatalyst layer.

Water splitting method and system

An electrode is presented for use in an oxidation process. The electrode comprises a substrate having an electrically conductive surface carrying a chiral system. The chiral system is configured for controlling spin of electrons transferred between the substrate and electrolyte during the oxidation process.

Method for mounting oxygen-consuming electrodes in electrochemical cells and electrochemical cells

Method for the gastight and liquid-tight installation of oxygen consuming electrodes in an electrolysis apparatus, and electrolysis apparatus for use in chloralkali electrolysis, in which particular regions are covered with an additional film having a composition comparable to the oxygen-consuming electrodes.

Biogas generation system and method for generating biogas and carbon dioxide reduction product using the same

Provided is a biogas generation system comprising a fermenter for generating a biogas containing carbon dioxide and methane by decomposing an organic waste by the action of methane bacteria; a biogas refinery for condensing the methane contained in the biogas by dissolving the carbon dioxide contained in the generated biogas in a liquid; and a photoelectrochemical device for generating methane, carbon monoixide, or formic acid from the carbon dioxide dissolved in the liquid. The photoelectrochemical device comprises a cathode chamber for storing a first electrolyte solution containing the carbon dioxide dissolved in the liquid; an anode chamber for storing a second electrolyte solution; a solid electrolyte membrane; a cathode electrode provided in the cathode chamber; an anode electrode provided in the anode chamber; and an external power supply for applying a negative voltage and a positive voltage to the cathode electrode and the anode electrode, respectively.

GAS DIFFUSION ELECTRODE AND USE THEREOF

A gas diffusion electrode may be provided comprising an electron conducting layer with a first side and an opposite second side, wherein the first side is provided with a microstructuring, wherein the gas diffusion electrode additionally has a hydrophobic membrane with a first side and an opposite second side, wherein the second side of the membrane is arranged on the first side of the electron conducting layer. A battery or an accumulator or an electrolyser or a galvanic cell may be provided with a gas diffusion electrode of this type. 1. A method comprising:forming a micro-structuring on an electron conducting layer by irradiating the electron conducting layer with laser radiation, the electron conducting layer having a first side and an opposite second side, the micro-structuring formed on the first side of the electron conducting layer, wherein the micro-structuring comprises a plurality of cone-shaped projections pointing away from the first side of the electron conducting layer, wherein each of the cone-shaped projections has a base diameter, a height, and an aspect ratio of the base diameter to the height within a range from approximately 1:3 to 3:1, and wherein the cone-shaped projections each has a base with a diameter in a range from approximately 10 μm to approximately 30 μm and a tip having a diameter from approximately 1 μm to approximately 5 μm; andforming a gas diffusion electrode by bringing the hydrophilic first side of the electron conducting layer and a hydrophobic membrane in contact with each other, the hydrophobic membrane having a first side and an opposite second side, wherein the second side of the membrane is arranged on the first side of the electron conducting layer, wherein the electron conducting layer comprises a plurality of electrolyte channels each of which extends from the first side of the electron conducting layer to the second side of the electron conducting layer.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the membrane comprises poly- ...

Surface modified stainless steel cathode for electrolyser

Sodium chlorate is produced industrially via electrolysis of brine and is thus an energy intensive process. An improved cathode for this and other industrial processes is a low nickel content stainless steel whose surface has been suitably modified. With an appropriate amount of surface roughening, the cathode provides for improved overvoltages during electrolysis while still maintaining corrosion resistance.

Surface modified electrodes for electrochemical syngas production

An electrode for electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide and water forming carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The electrode includes a metal substrate. A self-assembled monolayer is bonded to the metal substrate. A selectivity of reaction products of carbon monoxide and hydrogen produced by the electrode is regulated relative to a bare metal substrate.

Hydrogen generation electrode and artificial photosynthesis module

A hydrogen generation electrode is used for an artificial photosynthesis module that decomposes an electrolytic aqueous solution into hydrogen and oxygen with light. The hydrogen generation electrode has a conductive layer, an inorganic semiconductor layer that is provided on the conductive layer and has a pn junction, and a functional layer that covers an inorganic semiconductor layer. The steam permeability of the functional layer is 5 g/(m 2 ·day) or less.

REACTOR WITH ADVANCED ARCHITECTURE FOR THE ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION OF CO2, CO AND OTHER CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

A platform technology that uses a novel membrane electrode assembly, including a cathode layer, an anode layer, a membrane layer arranged between the cathode layer and the anode layer, the membrane conductively connecting the cathode layer and the anode layer, in a COreduction reactor has been developed. The reactor can be used to synthesize a broad range of carbon-based compounds from carbon dioxide and other gases containing carbon. 122.-. (canceled)23. A membrane electrode assembly comprising:a cathode layer comprising a reduction catalyst;an anode layer comprising an oxidation catalyst;a membrane layer comprising a first cation-conducting polymer, the membrane layer arranged between the cathode layer and the anode layer, the membrane layer conductively connecting the cathode layer and the anode layer; anda cathode buffer layer comprising a first anion-conducting polymer, wherein the cathode buffer layer is arranged between the cathode layer and the membrane layer and conductively connects the cathode layer and the membrane layer, wherein the cathode buffer layer is porous such that gas can be transported in the cathode buffer layer and wherein the membrane layer is non-porous such that gas is prevented from passing between the cathode layer and the anode layer.24. The membrane electrode assembly of claim 23 , further comprising an anode buffer layer claim 23 , comprising a second cation-conducting polymer claim 23 , arranged between the membrane layer and the anode layer.25. The membrane electrode assembly of claim 24 , wherein the first and second cation-conducting polymers comprise a perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) polymer claim 24 , and wherein the anode buffer layer is porous.26. The membrane electrode assembly of claim 23 , wherein the cathode buffer layer further comprises inert filler particles that form a porosity of the cathode buffer layer.27. The membrane electrode assembly of claim 26 , wherein the inert filler particles comprise at least one of ...

Brownmillerite oxides for oxygen evolution catalyst

An oxygen evolution catalyst of the formula: Sr 2 MCoO 5 where M=Al, Ga wherein M is bonded with four oxygen atoms to form a tetrahedron. The catalyst is operated at a potential of less than 1.58 volts vs. RHE at a current density of 50 μA/cm 2 for a pH of 7-13. The catalyst is operated at a potential of less than 1.55 volts vs. RHE at a current density of 50 μA/cm 2 and a pH of 13. The oxygen evolution catalyst of the formula: Sr 2 GaCoO 5 wherein the catalyst is operated at a potential of less than 1.53 volts vs. RHE at a current density of 50 μA/cm 2 and a pH of 7. The oxygen evolution catalyst of formula: Sr 2 GaCoO 5 wherein the catalyst maintains a current within 94% after 300 minutes at a potential of 1.645 volts vs. RHE wherein the current is greater than 1 milliamp and a pH of 7.

Photocatalytic metamaterial based on plasmonic near perfect optical absorbers

The present disclosure provides a photocatalyst that can utilize plasmon resonance based, near-perfect optical absorption for performing and enhancing photocatalytic reactions. The photocatalyst comprises a substrate and a reflective layer adjacent to the substrate. The reflective layer is configured to reflect light. The photocatalyst further comprises a spacer layer adjacent to the reflective layer. The spacer layer is formed of a semiconductor material or insulator and is at least partially transparent to light. A nanocomposite layer adjacent to the spacer layer is formed of a particles embedded in a matrix. The matrix can comprise a semiconductor, insulator or in some cases metallic pores. The particles can be metallic. Upon exposure to light, the particles can absorb far field electromagnetic radiation and excite plasmon resonances that interact with the reflective layer to form electromagnetic resonances.

Preparation of disulfide corrosion inhibitors by electrochemical methods

The present disclosure generally relates to methods of electrochemical coupling of thiols to form disulfide compounds. A method of synthesizing a disulfide compound is provided. The method may include providing an electrochemical cell that has a compartment, an anode, and a cathode. The compartment may contain a solution of one or more thiol compounds, a catalyst, and a solvent. The method may also include providing an electrical current to the electrochemical cell and converting the one or more thiol compounds into the disulfide compound.

Water splitting method

The present invention provides a method for splitting water. In the present method, first, prepared is a water splitting device comprising: cathode and anode containers in which first and second electrolyte solutions are stored respectively; a proton exchange membrane disposed therebetween; a cathode electrode in contact with the first electrolyte solution and comprises a metal or metal compound; and an anode electrode in contact with the second electrolyte solution and comprises a nitride semiconductor layer. Then, the anode electrode is irradiated with light to split water contained in the first electrolyte solution. The anode electrode comprises a cobalt oxide layer formed of Co 3 O 4 as a main component on a surface of the nitride semiconductor layer; the surface of the nitride semiconductor layer being in contact with the second electrolyte solution. The cathode electrode is electrically connected to the anode electrode without an external power supply.

Hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst

Systems and methods for a hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst are provided. Electrode material includes a plurality of clusters. The electrode exhibits bifunctionality with respect to the hydrogen evolution reaction. The electrode with clusters exhibits improved performance with respect to the intrinsic material of the electrode absent the clusters.

ELECTROLYTIC DEVICE

The present invention provides an electrolytic device and includes an electrolytic tank and a plurality of electrodes. The electrolytic tank comprises a case for accommodating liquid water. The inner wall of the case has a plurality of engagement structures. The plurality of electrodes are set in the engagement structures respectively to be arranged at intervals in the case, wherein the case is connected to the plurality of electrodes by injection molding. 1. An electrolytic device , used to electrolyze water and generate hydrogen-oxygen gas , comprising:a water tank comprising a hollow space for accommodating water;an electrolytic tank disposed in the hollow space of the water tank, the electrolytic tank further comprising an upper plate; anda plurality of electrodes separately disposed in the electrolytic tank, wherein an electrode channel is formed between two adjacent electrodes of the plurality of electrodes such that a set of electrode channels are formed in the electrolytic tank;wherein the upper plate is disposed above the plurality of electrodes and configured to isolate every two adjacent electrodes; the upper plate comprises a plurality of holes corresponding to the electrode channels and fluidly coupling with the hollow space of the water tank, and the generated hydrogen-oxygen gas is outputted to the water tank through the holes of the upper plate.2. The electrolytic device of claim 1 , wherein the electrolytic tank further comprises a cover configured above the upper plate claim 1 , the cover comprises a plurality of upper holes corresponding to the holes and fluidly coupling the holes and the hollow space of the water tank claim 1 , and the generated hydrogen-oxygen gas is outputted to the water tank through the holes and the upper holes.3. The electrolytic device of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of electrodes comprise a negative pole electrode claim 2 , a positive pole electrode claim 2 , and a plurality of bipolar electrodes configured between the ...

Catalytic assembly

Disclosed herein is a catalytic assembly comprising a porous electrically conductive substrate, and a porous metallic composite coating the substrate, where the catalytic assembly has a three dimensional interpenetrating porous structure, where the substrate has a three dimensional interpenetrating porous structure having a first average pore diameter (PD SUB ), and the porous metallic composite is amorphous and has a three dimensional interpenetrating porous structure having a second average pore diameter (PD PMC ), the PD PMC being sufficiently smaller than the PD SUB to allow the porous metallic composite to coat substrate surfaces throughout the substrate including surfaces of pores in the substrate. The catalytic assembly may be suitable for use as oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts, among others.

Method for producing core shell nanoparticles

An electrode material which may be used in an electrochemical cell used to convert carbon dioxide into useful products, such as synthetic fuel. The electrode material may comprise nano-sized core-shell catalyst (i.e., core-shell nanoparticles, or CSNs) having a catalytic core component encompassed by one or more outer shells, wherein at least one of the outer shells has a mesoporous structure. Electrochemical cells, electrochemical cell electrodes, and methods of making CSNs are also provided.

Device for solar light driven co2 reduction in water

Method and photo-electrochemical system using Cu(In,Ga)Se2 CIGS for reducing electrochemically CO2 into CO using as catalyst a metal complex with quaterpyridine ligand, the electrochemical cell comprising a cathode, an anode, a cathodic electrolyte comprising water as the solvent, and a power supply providing the energy necessary to trigger the electrochemical reactions.

Optical fiber, optical cable, and hydrogen production device comprising optical cable

An optical fiber including a light guiding inner core. The light guiding inner core includes a first light guiding segment and a second light guiding segment connected to the first light guiding segment. The first light guiding segment includes, from the inside out, a light absorbing layer, an inner electrode layer, an insulating layer, a void layer, a proton exchange membrane, and an outer electrode layer. The void layer is formed between the insulating layer and the proton exchange membrane. The light absorbing layer is a photovoltaic material layer. The inner electrode layer communicates with the proton exchange membrane via a plurality of microelectrodes across the insulating layer and the void layer. The plurality of microelectrodes is evenly disposed around the inner electrode layer. The outer electrode layer is a porous conductive structure. The second light guiding segment of the light guiding inner core includes a conductive layer.

Artificial photosynthesis module

In an artificial photosynthesis module, a plurality of first electrode portions of a hydrogen generation electrode are disposed side by side with a gap, and each of a plurality of second electrode portions of an oxygen generation electrode is disposed at a gap between the first electrode portions of the hydrogen generation electrode as seen from the hydrogen generation electrode side with respect to the diaphragm. A first photocatalyst layer of at least one first electrode portion of the hydrogen generation electrode or a second photocatalyst layer of at least one of the second electrode portions of the oxygen generation electrode is tilted with respect to a flow direction of an electrolytic aqueous solution, or a projecting part is provided on a surface of the first photocatalyst layer of at least one first electrode portion of the hydrogen generation electrode or a surface of the second photocatalyst layer of at least one second electrode portion of the oxygen generation electrode.

Methods and systems for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide using switchable polarity materials

A method of electrochemically reducing CO 2 comprises introducing a first feed stream comprising H 2 O to a positive electrode of an electrolysis cell comprising the positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a proton conducting membrane. A second feed stream comprising a solvent and a non polar form of a switchable polarity material is directed into a CO 2 capture apparatus. A third feed stream comprising CO 2 is directed into the CO 2 capture apparatus to interact with the second feed stream and form a first product stream comprising the solvent and a polar form of the switchable polarity material. The first product stream is introduced to the negative electrode. A potential difference is applied between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to convert the polar form of the switchable polarity material into CO 2 and the non-polar form and to form products from the CO 2 and the solvent. A CO 2 treatment system is also described.

Photocatalytic hydrogen production from water over catalysts having p-n junctions and plasmonic materials

A photocatalyst and a method for producing hydrogen and oxygen from water by photocatalytic electrolysis are disclosed. The photocatalyst includes a photoactive material and metal or metal alloy material ( 15 )—e.g. pure particles or alloys of Au, Pd and Ag—capable of having plasmon resonance properties deposited on the surface of the photoactive material. The photoactive material includes a p-n junction ( 17 ) formed by contact of a n-type semiconductor material ( 10 ), such as mixed phase TiO2 nano particles (anatase to rutile ratio of 1.5 to 1 or greater), and a p-type semiconductor material ( 16 ), such as CoO or Cu2O.

Electrolysis cell assembly utilizing an anion exchange membrane

An environment control system utilizes oxygen and humidity control devices that, are coupled with an enclosure to independently control the oxygen concentration and the humidity level within the enclosure. An oxygen depletion device may be an oxygen depletion electrolyzer cell that reacts with oxygen within the cell and produces water through electrochemical reactions. A desiccating device may be g, a dehumidification electrolyzer cell, a desiccator, a membrane desiccator or a condenser. A controller may control the amount of voltage and/or current provided to the oxygen depletion electrolyzer cell and therefore the rate of oxygen reduction and may control the amount of voltage and/or current provided to the dehumidification electrolyzer cell and therefore the rate of humidity reduction. The oxygen level may be determined by the measurement of voltage and a limiting current of the oxygen depletion electrolyzer cell. The enclosure may be a food or artifact enclosure.

Solid oxide fuel cell and electrolysis device

The present invention provides a fuel cell comprising a cathode, an electrolyte membrane, and an anode. The electrolyte membrane is sandwiched between the cathode and the anode. The cathode is formed of a first proton conductor represented by the following chemical formula A a( B b M m) O 3-x (where A represents a divalent metal, B represents a tetravalent metal, M represents a trivalent metal, 2(3−x)=2a+4b+3m, b+m=1, and x=(3−2a−b)/2) and a mixed ionic electronic conductor. The electrolyte membrane is formed of a second proton conductor represented by the following chemical formula A′ a′( B′ b′ M′ m′) O 3-x′ (where A′ represents a divalent metal, B′ represents a tetravalent metal, M′ represents a trivalent metal, 2(3−x′)=2a′+4b′+3m′, b′+m′=1, and x′=(3−2a′−b′)/2). The following mathematical formula m≦m′ is satisfied. The electric power generation efficiency is improved.

Electrode for electrolysis, manufacturing method of electrode for electrolysis, and electrolyzer

Provided are an electrode for electrolysis having excellent durability against reverse current, and a method that enables production of the electrode for electrolysis at low cost. The electrode for electrolysis 130 includes a conductive substrate 132 on which a catalyst layer is formed, and a reverse current absorption body 134 that is coupled to the conductive substrate 132 in a detachable manner, wherein the reverse current absorption body 134 is formed from a sintered compact containing nickel. The method for producing the electrode for electrolysis 130 includes a sintered compact formation step of obtaining the sintered compact by sintering a raw material powder composed of any one of Raney nickel alloy particles containing nickel and an alkali-soluble metal element, metallic nickel particles, and a mixture of Raney nickel alloy particles and metallic nickel particles, and a coupling step of coupling the sintered compact to the conductive substrate 132.

Device and method for the flexible use of electricity

An electrolysis cell for chlor-alkali electrolysis, having an anode half-cell, a cathode half-cell and a cation exchange membrane that separates the anode half-cell and the cathode half-cell from one another, an anode arranged in the anode half-cell for evolution of chlorine, an oxygen-consuming electrode arranged in the cathode half-cell as the cathode, a catholyte space which is formed between the cation exchange membrane and the oxygen-consuming cathode, and through which electrolyte flows, a gas space adjoining the oxygen-consuming electrode at a surface facing away from the catholyte space, a conduit for supply of gaseous oxygen to this gas space, a second cathode for generation of hydrogen arranged within the catholyte space and at least one conduit for purging of the gas space with inert gas, enables flexible use of power in a method in which, when power supply is low, the oxygen-consuming electrode is supplied with gaseous oxygen and oxygen is reduced at the oxygen-consuming electrode at a first cell voltage, and when power supply is high, the oxygen-consuming electrode is not supplied with oxygen and hydrogen is generated at the second cathode at a second cell voltage which is higher than the first cell voltage.

Chemically Modified Graphene

This disclosure relates to graphene derivatives, as well as related devices including graphene derivatives and methods of using graphene derivatives.

Reactor with advanced architecture for the electrochemical reaction of co2, co, and other chemical compounds

A platform technology that uses a novel membrane electrode assembly including a cathode layer comprising a reduction catalyst and a first anion-and-cation-conducting polymer, an anode layer comprising an oxidation catalyst and a cation-conducting polymer, a membrane layer comprising a cation-conducting polymer, the membrane layer arranged between the cathode layer and the anode layer and conductively connecting the cathode layer and the anode layer, in a CO x reduction reactor has been developed. The reactor can be used to synthesize a broad range of carbon-based compounds from carbon dioxide.

Catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction including transition metal chalcogenide films and methods of forming the same

Catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and method of forming the catalysts are provided. The catalysts may include a metal chalcogenide film comprising chalcogen atom vacancies. A density of the chalcogen atom vacancies may be from about 5% to about 15%. The catalysts may further include a substrate on which the metal chalcogenide film extends. The substrate may include nickel, titanium, silver, zinc, and/or platinum. The catalysts may also include hydrogen ions disposed a surface of the metal chalcogenide film. The metal chalcogenide film may be a monolayer film including dopants, and the dopants may be nickel atoms, cobalt atoms, zinc atoms, iron atoms, rhenium (Re) atoms, and/or Niobium (Nb) atoms.

Electrocatalyst for acidic media and method of making an electrocatalyst for acidic media

An oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalyst for acidic media comprises a metal oxide structure comprising a pyrochlore phase of chemical formula A 2 B 2 O n , wherein A comprises one or more A-site metals, B comprises one or more B-site metals, and 6.0≦n≦7.3. The metal oxide structure exhibits a mass current density of at least about 20 A/g at an over-potential of 0.22 V in 0.1 M HClO 4 . According to another embodiment, an electrocatalyst for acidic media comprises a porous metal oxide structure having particulate walls separating a plurality of pores, where each particulate wall comprises interconnected primary particles. The porous metal oxide structure comprises a pyrochlore phase of chemical formula A 2 B 2 O n , wherein A comprises one or more A-site metals, B comprises one or more B-site metals, and 6.0≦n≦7.3.

Copolymer for photoelectrocatalytic water splitting

A copolymer containing carbazole- and cyanovinylene-based moieties, a photoelectrode comprising a metal oxide substrate and the copolymer as a photoelectrocatalyst component to the photoelectrode, as well as a photoelectrochemical cell including the photoelectrode. Methods of producing the copolymers, and methods of using the photoelectrochemical cell to produce hydrogen gas and oxygen gas through water splitting are also provided.

Flexible artificial leaves for hydrogen production and methods for making

Devices for photoelectrodes for water splitting based on indium nanowires on flexible substrates as well as methods of manufacture by transferring nanowire arrays to flexible substrates.

METHOD OF MAKING Co3O4 NANORODS FOR ELECTROCATALYTIC WATER SPLITTING

A method of making Co3O4 nanorods by thermal decomposition of a cobalt salt is described. A method of using Co3O4 nanorods as an electrocatalyst component to a porous carbon electrode is also described. The carbon electrode may be made of carbonized filter paper. Together, this carbon-supported Co3O4 electrode may be used for water electrolysis.

Porous electrode for the electrochemical reaction of organic compounds in two immiscible phases in an electrochemical flow reactor

A method for the electrochemical reaction of an organic material, and a device in which a corresponding method is carried out including a porous electrode for the electrochemical reaction of organic compounds in two immiscible phases in an electrochemical flow reactor. A first nonpolar solvent and a first polar electrolyte or a first organic material in the form of a liquid or gas and the first polar electrolyte form a first phase boundary with one another in such a form that the first phase boundary in the electrochemical conversion is at least partly within a first electrode, preferably at an interface between a first lipophilic layer and a second hydrophilic layer.

Oxygen-consuming electrode and method for its production

Multilayer oxygen-consuming electrode for oxygen reduction in an aqueous alkaline medium comprises: at least a carrier, which is electrically conductive; a catalyst-containing layer; a hydrophobic layer; oxygen-containing gas; and a side facing an alkaline electrolyte. The electrode has at least two different catalyst-containing layers exhibiting different amounts of the catalyst. The outermost layer facing the gas side has a lower catalyst proportion than the outermost layer facing the electrolyte side, and the proportion of a hydrophobic material in the hydrophobic layer is up to 8 wt.%. An independent claim is also included for producing the oxygen-consuming electrode, comprising: (a) preparing at least two suspensions by dispersing or mixing the components comprising at least particles of a catalytically active substance, preferably silver particles, a dispersing agent, preferably organic solvent or water (preferred), and particles of a hydrophobic polymer with different proportions of hydrophobic polymers; (b) spraying the suspensions in several steps on the carrier, preferably nickel-carrier for generating the different layers, and heating the carrier to a temperature of 100-160[deg] C, preferably 100-145[deg] C under at least partial removal of the dispersing agent; (c) hot-pressing the electrode obtained in the step (b) under a pressure of 0.04-0.4 t/cm 2>, preferably 0.08-0.3 t/cm 2>and a temperature of 60-200[deg] C, preferably 80-150[deg] C; and (d) subsequently sintering the electrode at a temperature of at least 200[deg] C, preferably up to 400[deg] C.

ELECTROLYTIC CELL EQUIPPED WITH MICROELECTRODES

An electrolytic cell equipped with microelectrodes for the generation of un-separated products and the method for obtaining it. The cell and the microelectrodes are obtained using a technology for the production of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). The anodic and cathodic microelectrodes have an electrocatalytic coating and are mutually intercalated at an interelectrodic gap lower than 300 micrometres. 1. A method for manufacturing of an electrolytic cell comprising:providing a lithographically-patterned substrate consisting of an interdigitated surface according to a predefined pattern by a lithographic technique;{'sub': 'a', 'applying an external electrode layer by vapour phase physical or chemical deposition technique upon said interdigitated surface to form anodic and cathodic microelectrodes surrounding each digit of said interdigitated surface, said anodic and cathodic microelectrodes being mutually intercalated at an inter-anodic-cathodic gap lower than 100 micrometres and having an average surface roughness Rlower than 0.05 μm.'}2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said external electrode layer comprises a material containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of Pt claim 1 , Pd claim 1 , Ir claim 1 , Ru claim 1 , Rh claim 1 , Nb and Ti.3. The method according to claim 2 , further comprising an intermediate layer of a metal selected from the group consisting of Co claim 2 , Cr claim 2 , Mo claim 2 , W claim 2 , Ni claim 2 , Ti and alloys applied by vapour phase physical or chemical deposition technique4. Method according to claim 1 , wherein said substrate is topped with a SiOlayer and said external electrode layer is obtained by coating said substrate with a boron-doped diamond film by microwave-assisted chemical vapour deposition5. Method according to claim 1 , wherein said lithographic technique is MEMS photolithography claim 1 , MEMS laser etching or a combination of the two.7. The process according to claim 6 , wherein ...

PROCESS FOR THE FACILE ELECTROSYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENE FROM CO2

The present invention relates to the production of graphene from COthrough electrolysis and exfoliation processes. One embodiment is a method for producing graphene comprising (i) performing electrolysis between an electrolysis anode and an electrolysis cathode in a molten carbonate electrolyte to generate carbon nanomaterial on the cathode, and (ii) electrochemically exfoliating the carbon nanomaterial from a second anode to produce graphene. The exfoliating step produces graphene in high yield than thicker, conventional graphite exfoliation reactions. COcan be the sole reactant used to produce the valuable product as graphene. This can incentivize utilization of CO, and unlike alternative products made from COsuch as carbon monoxide or other fuels such as methane, use of the graphene product does not release this greenhouse gas back into the atmosphere.

Novel catalyst mixtures

Catalysts comprised of at least one catalytically active element and at least one helper catalyst are disclosed. The catalysts may be used to increase the rate, the selectivity or lower the overpotential of chemical reactions. These catalysts may be useful for a variety of chemical reactions including in particular the electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide to formic acid.

Electrochemical devices comprising novel catalyst mixtures

Electrochemical devices comprising electrocatalyst mixtures include at least one Catalytically Active Element and, as a separate constituent, one Helper Catalyst. The electrocatalysts can be used to increase the rate, modify the selectivity or lower the overpotential of chemical reactions. These electrocatalysts are useful for a variety of chemical reactions including, in particular, the electrochemical conversion of CO 2 . Chemical processes employing these catalysts produce CO, HCO − , H 2 CO, (HCOO) − , HCOOH, CH 3 OH, CH 4 , C 2 H 4 , CH 3 CH 2 OH, CH 3 COO − , CH 3 COOH, C 2 H 6 , (COOH) 2 , or (COO − ) 2 . Devices using the electrocatalysts include, for example, a CO 2 sensor and a CO 2 electrolyzer.

通过具有p-n结和等离子体材料的催化剂由水的光催化氢制备

公开了通过光催化电解从水制备氢和氧的光催化剂和方法。所述光催化剂包括光活性材料和沉积在所述光活性材料表面上，能够具有等离子体共振特性的金属或金属合金材料(15)，例如Au、Pd和Ag的纯颗粒或者合金。所述光活性材料包含通过将n‑型半导体材料(10)诸如混合相TiO 2 纳米颗粒(锐钛矿相对于金红石的比例为1.5至1或者更大)和p‑型半导体材料(16)诸如CoO或Cu 2 O接触而形成的p‑n结(17)。

Method of electrolytically synthesizing fluorine-containing compound

본 발명은, 도전성 재료를 포함하며, 표면이 유리질 탄소로 이루어지는 기판; 및 상기 기판의 적어도 일부를 피복하는 도전성 다이아몬드 막을 포함하는 전해용 전극을 제공한다. The present invention relates to a substrate comprising a conductive material and having a surface made of glassy carbon; And an electroconductive diamond film covering at least a part of the substrate.

一种镍/氧化钒析氢电极及制备方法、应用

本发明提供了一种镍/氧化钒析氢电极及制备方法、应用。将镍盐、钒盐、碳布混合均匀，采用水热法在碳布基底上生长NiV‑LDH前驱体；将上述的生长有NiV‑LDH前驱体的碳布高温煅烧，即得Ni/V 2 O 3 电催化析氢电极。电极具有优异的析氢性能，不错的稳定性，并且制备简单，操作方便，实用性强，具有可观的应用前景。

一种等离子体处理制备表面羟基化wo3薄膜光电极材料的方法

本发明涉及一种等离子体处理制备表面羟基化WO 3 薄膜光电极材料的方法，具体步骤为：先在FTO导电玻璃表面制备WO 3 晶种，然后以H 2 WO 4 的H 2 O 2 溶液、乙腈、草酸和盐酸溶液为原料，在WO 3 晶种表面水热生长纳米片状WO 3 ；后采用低温等离子体技术对WO 3 薄膜电极表面进行处理，得到表面羟基化的WO 3 薄膜。本发明制备的表面羟基化WO 3 薄膜与水的润湿性好，体相载流子浓度增加，界面电荷转移加快，有效促进了光电催化水分解性能。并且，等离子体处理WO 3 薄膜工艺简单，节能环保，无公害，效率高，时间短，对大规模处理WO 3 光电极提供了一种重要途径。

一种新型氮掺杂碳负载铜掺杂磷化钴双层空心纳米粒子复合阵列材料及其制备方法

本发明公开了一种新型氮掺杂碳负载铜掺杂磷化钴双层空心纳米粒子复合阵列材料及其制备方法。该方法包括：以商业碳布作为自支撑模板导向剂，先在商业碳布模板表面定向生长铜掺杂的ZIFs前驱体，将含有前躯体的商业碳布模板在氩气气氛下高温热解，在相对较低的温度下氧化，磷化后得具有多孔结构的氮掺杂碳负载铜掺杂磷化钴双层空心纳米粒子复合阵列材料。该氮掺杂碳负载铜掺杂磷化钴空心纳米粒子复合阵列材料保留了ZIFs的基本骨架，其结构含有丰富规整的介孔和微孔，负载的铜掺杂磷化钴纳米颗粒具有开放性的双层空心结构。本发明的方法简单安全，所得产品纯度高，结构完整，机械强度好，适用于做电催化反应（析氢反应和析氧反应）的催化剂。

Organic photocathode taking copper nanosheet as supporting framework and preparation method thereof

一种以铜纳米片为支撑骨架的有机光阴极及其制备方法，所述有机光阴极的制备方法包括以下步骤：1)采用电沉积的方法制备铜纳米片，将可溶性铜(II)盐、次亚磷酸钠、柠檬酸钠、硼酸以及聚乙二醇加入到去离子水中，搅拌得到均匀的铜盐溶液，向铜盐溶液中，逐滴滴加碱性水溶液，调控溶液的pH为7.5～9.5，搅拌5～10min得到溶液I；将步骤1.1得到的溶液I倒入电解槽中，用镀有铜种子层的FTO进行电沉积25～35min后得到样品，将样品进行洗涤、真空干燥，得到FTO为衬底的铜纳米片；2)采用旋涂的方法将空穴传输层和有机吸收层负载在FTO为衬底的铜纳米片的金属骨架上，得到有机光阴极。

Preparation method of cadmium selenide sensitized cobaltosic oxide photocathode

本发明公开了一种硒化镉敏化的四氧化三钴光电阴极的制备方法，属于材料科学技术领域和光电催化制氢领域。本发明先通过简单的离子层吸附的方法，将硒化镉负载在氧化铟锡基底上，然后再通过光辅助电沉积的方法沉积助催化剂二硫化钼，从而制备出这种高效的复合光电阴极。本方法制备的硒化镉敏化的复合光电阴极制备方法简便、稳定性好、价格低廉，应用于工业生产中可大幅度节约成本，是一种有较大工业光电催化产氢前景的新型催化材料。

The method that the anode electrolysis that is used for electrolytic anode and uses this electrolysis to use synthesizes fluorine-containing material

本发明提供一种用于电解的电极，其中该电极包括：衬底，该衬底包括导电材料，其中该衬底表面由玻璃碳制成；以及用来涂覆至少部分衬底的导电金刚石膜。

Preparation method of cobalt-nickel double-layer hydroxide modified titanium dioxide nanotube array and application of photoelectrochemical hydrolysis hydrogen production

本发明公开了一种钴、镍双层氢氧化物修饰的二氧化钛纳米管阵列电极的制备方法及光电化学水解制氢应用。通过电化学沉积方法，在TiO 2 纳米管管壁上快速、可控的修饰上钴、镍双层氢氧化物。反应过程不仅快速高效，而且CoNi‑LDHs在TiO 2 纳米管表面覆盖密度可控。CoNi‑LDHs的修饰明显提高了TiO 2 纳米管对紫外光的吸收效率，延长了光生电子的寿命，加速了光生电子与空穴的分离，两者之间清洁的接触界面也有利于光生电子的传递。这种快速、可控合成钴、镍双层氢氧化物修饰的TiO 2 异质纳米管阵列电极的新方法操作便捷，易于工业化，具有重要的应用价值。

Preparation method of alkaline electrolytic water electrode

本发明公开了一种碱式电解水电极的制备方法，所述碱式电解水电极的制备方法包括以下步骤：(1)对电极基体进行喷砂和去油预处理；(2)通过大气等离子喷涂在电极基体上喷涂电极材料形成电极功能层，即得所述碱式电解水电极；大气等离子喷涂时，等离子气体为惰性气体和氢气的混合气，所述惰性气体的流量为35～110L/min；所述氢气的流量为5～10L/min。本发明碱式电解水电极的制备方法可以实现高稳定、高性能电极的制备，大幅降低了电极制备的成本，有利于电解水制氢技术的普及和应用，且在大气条件下进行电极制备，无需对喷涂环境进行气氛保护，省去了大量抽真空和填放保护气的时间，大大提高了电极制备的效率。

A kind of preparation method of the nickel hydroxide with hierarchical structure/compound hydrogen-precipitating electrode of nickel/graphene

一种具有分级结构的Ni(OH) 2 /Ni/rGO复合析氢电极的制备方法，其主要步骤包括：首先将经过超声和酸化处理的泡沫镍基底作为电沉积阴极，通过超重力电沉积的方法制备出具有较大表面积的Ni/rGO复合析氢电极。然后采用水热法使Ni/rGO电极表面的金属Ni颗粒和尿素、氯化铵、氟化铵中的一种反应，以Ni颗粒作为镍源，在Ni颗粒表面原位垂直生长一层Ni(OH) 2 纳米片；最终得到的析氢电极具有三级结构即一级结构为泡沫镍基底，二级结构为石墨烯片材负载纳米镍颗粒，三级结构为Ni(OH) 2 纳米薄片的Ni(OH) 2 /Ni/rGO复合镀层。本发明制备的复合电极具有独特的分级结构、大的比表面积和优异稳定的析氢性能。

POROUS ELECTRODE FOR PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE

The preparation facilities and method of lead dioxide electrode

本发明提供了一种二氧化铅电极的制备装置和方法。该装置包括电解槽、阳极网、多孔钛以及阴极板；电解槽内用于盛装电解液；阳极网通过阳极引线悬挂在电解槽内，并完全浸入电解液中，其中，形成阳极网的材料为钛，且在阳极网的表面形成有锡锑氧化物层；多孔钛置于阳极网上作为阳极，多孔钛的表面形成有锡锑氧化物层，多孔钛完全浸入电解液中；阴极板通过阴极引线悬挂在电解槽内，且位于阳极网上的多孔钛的正上方并与阳极网平行，阴极板完全浸入电解液中。本发明能够能简化生产工艺、提高电极的耐蚀性并能延长电极的使用寿命。

Novel catalyst mixtures

하나 이상의 촉매 활성 원소 및 하나 이상의 헬퍼 촉매를 포함하는 촉매가 개시된다. 상기 촉매는 화학 반응의 속도를 증가, 선택성을 조정 또는 과전위를 감소시키기 위해 사용될 수 있다. 이들 촉매는 특히, CO 2 의 전기화학적 전환을 포함하는 다양한 화학 반응에 유용할 수 있다. 상기 촉매를 사용하는 화학 방법 및 장치 역시 개시되며, 이는 CO, OH - , HCO - , H 2 CO, (HCO 2 ) - , H 2 CO 2 , CH 3 OH, CH 4 , C 2 H 4 , CH 3 CH 2 OH, CH 3 COO, CH 3 COOH, C 2 H 6 , O 2 , H 2 , (COOH) 2 , 또는 (COO - ) 2 를 생성하는 방법 및 특정 장치 즉, CO 2 센서를 포함한다.

Buck electrolytic method

本发明提供一种碱水电解方法，其即使在频繁地反复进行启动、停止的条件下或输出功率波动大的条件下运转，也能够抑制阴极和阳极的性能劣化。根据本发明，提供一种碱水电解方法，其特征在于，在反复进行间歇式运转的碱水电解方法中，包括如下工序：电解工序，将电解液(16)收纳在循环罐(5)中，将循环罐(5)内的电解液(16)供给至阳极室(2)和阴极室(3)，并使阴极室(3)中产生的电解液和阳极室(2)中产生的电解液返回至循环罐(5)中，在循环罐(5)内混合后，使经混合的电解液一边向阳极室(2)和阴极室(3)再循环一边进行碱水电解；和，在电解工序开始前，在电解液(16)中添加包含可溶性金属盐的催化剂活化材料的工序，在电解工序中，阴极表面镀覆催化剂活化材料中的金属。

Method for electrolyzing alkaline water

Buck electrolytic method

本发明提供一种碱水电解方法，其即使在频繁地反复进行启动、停止的条件下或输出功率波动大的条件下运转，也能够抑制阴极和阳极的性能劣化。根据本发明，提供一种碱水电解方法，其特征在于，在反复进行间歇式运转的碱水电解方法中，包括如下工序：电解工序，将电解液(16)收纳在循环罐(5)中，将循环罐(5)内的电解液(16)供给至阳极室(2)和阴极室(3)，并使阴极室(3)中产生的电解液和阳极室(2)中产生的电解液返回至循环罐(5)中，在循环罐(5)内混合后，使经混合的电解液一边向阳极室(2)和阴极室(3)再循环一边进行碱水电解；和，在电解工序开始前，在电解液(16)中添加包含可溶性金属盐的催化剂活化材料的工序，在电解工序中，阴极表面镀覆催化剂活化材料中的金属。

Method for electrolyzing alkaline water

Provided is an alkaline water electrolysis method capable of reducing or preventing degradation in cathode and anode performance even in an operation of repeated cycles of frequent starting and stopping, and/or even in an operation involving a significant output variation. The present invention provides an alkaline water electrolysis method including repeated cycles of intermittent operation, including an electrolysis step of performing alkaline water electrolysis including storing an electrolytic solution ( 16 ) in a circulation tank ( 5 ), feeding the electrolytic solution ( 16 ) in the circulation tank ( 5 ) to an anode chamber ( 2 ) and to a cathode chamber ( 3 ), returning an electrolytic solution generated in the cathode chamber ( 3 ) and an electrolytic solution generated in the anode chamber ( 2 ) to the circulation tank ( 5 ), mixing together these electrolytic solutions in the circulation tank ( 5 ), and recirculating the mixed electrolytic solution to the anode chamber ( 2 ) and to the cathode chamber ( 3 ), and a step of adding a catalyst activation material formed of a metal salt soluble in the electrolytic solution ( 16 ) prior to starting of the electrolysis step; and in the electrolysis step, a metal component in the catalyst activation material is deposited on a surface of the cathode.

Silicon substrate photolysis water hydrogen electrode of efficient stable and its preparation method and application

本发明公开高效稳定的硅基光解水制氢电极及其制备方法和应用，包括p型硅基底、硫化镉异质结层，氧化钛保护层，铂助催化剂；制备方法主要由硅片基底表面清洗、硫化镉层沉积、氧化钛层沉积、铂助剂负载四步构成。本发明有效实现了硅与硫化镉异质结的制备，提高了光生电压，并解决硅基光电阴极在水溶液不稳定的问题，提高了材料的稳定性。本发明的制备方法操作过程简单，可控性强，光电催化性能稳定，重复性好。

Device and method for electrochemically preparing high-purity battery-grade lithium hydroxide

本发明提供了一种电化学制备高纯电池级氢氧化锂的装置及其方法，所述的装置包含两个电催化电极和两个隔膜：氧化电极（100）、制氢电极（200）、阴离子交换膜（300）以及阳离子交换膜（400）；所述的氧化电极（100）和阴离子交换膜（300）组成阳极池；所述的制氢电极（200）和阳离子交换膜（400）组成阴极池；所述的装置还包括脱锂池，所述的脱锂池通过阴离子交换膜（300）与阳极池连接；所述的脱锂池还通过阳离子交换膜（400）与阴极池连接。与已有技术相比，本发明具有如下技术效果：（1）本发明首次将电催化有机物氧化、电催化析氢还原以及电脱锂相结合：整个体系实现了同时制备氢氧化锂、氢气和酸三种产物。

Catalyst layers and electrolyzers

A catalyst layer for an electrochemical device comprises a catalytically active element and an ion conducting polymer. The ion conducting polymer comprises positively charged cyclic amine groups. The ion conducting polymer comprises at least one of an imidazolium, a pyridinium, a pyrazolium, a pyrrolidinium, a pyrrolium, a pyrimidium, a piperidinium, an indolium, a triazinium, and polymers thereof. The catalytically active element comprises at least one of V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Sn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Al, Si, In, Tl, Pb, Bi, Sb, Te, U, Sm, Tb, La, Ce and Nd. In an electrolyzer comprising the present catalyst layer, the feed to the electrolyzer comprises at least one of CO 2 and H 2 O.

Catalyst layers and electrolyzers

A catalyst layer for an electrochemical device comprises a catalytically active element and an ion conducting polymer. The ion conducting polymer comprises positively charged cyclic amine groups. The ion conducting polymer comprises at least one of an imidazolium, a pyridinium, a pyrazolium, a pyrrolidinium, a pyrrolium, a pyrimidium, a piperidinium, an indolium, a triazinium, and polymers thereof. The catalytically active element comprises at least one of V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Sn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Al, Si, In, Tl, Pb, Bi, Sb, Te, U, Sm, Tb, La, Ce and Nd. In an electrolyzer comprising the present catalyst layer, the feed to the electrolyzer comprises at least one of CO 2 and H 2 O.

Ion-conducting membranes

An anion-conducting polymeric membrane comprises a terpolymer of styrene, vinylbenzyl-R s and vinylbenzyl-R x . R s is a positively charged cyclic amine group. R x is at least one constituent selected from the group consisting Cl, OH and a reaction product between an OH or Cl and a species other than a simple amine or a cyclic amine. The total weight of the vinylbenzyl-R x groups is greater than 0.3% of the total weight of the membrane. In a preferred embodiment, the membrane is a Helper Membrane that increases the faradaic efficiency of an electrochemical cell into which the membrane is incorporated, and also allows product formation at lower voltages than in cells without the Helper Membrane.

Method and apparatus for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide

A method and apparatus is provided for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to formate and formic acid One embodiment features a three-compartment reactor which houses a gas compartment, a catholyte compartment, which contains a porous cathode having a tin-based catalyst, and an anolyte compartment, which contains an anode having a mixed metal oxide catalyst Further embodiments include a method for depositing tin onto a porous cathode, tin-zinc cathodes, a reaction method using an acidic anolyte, and pulsed polarization to extend reactor runtimes

Methanol generation device, method for generating methanol, and electrode for methanol generation

There is demand for a methanol generation device for generating methanol as a reduction product of carbon dioxide without being installed in a special environment. The methanol generation device (10) according to the present disclosure generates methanol by reducing carbon dioxide, wherein the methanol generation device (10) is provided with: a tank (11) for containing an electrolytic solution (17) containing carbon dioxide; a cathode electrode (12) installed in the tank (11) so as to be in contact with the electrolytic solution (17), the cathode electrode (12) having a Cu 1-x Au x region (where 0 < x < 1); an anode electrode (13) installed in the tank (11) so as to be in contact with the electrolytic solution (17), the anode electrode (13) having a metal or a metal compound region; and an external power supply (14) for applying a voltage so that the cathode electrode (12) has a negative potential relative to the potential of the anode electrode (13).

REACTOR WITH ADVANCED ARCHITECTURE FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION OF COX

Electrochemical devices employing novel catalyst mixtures

An electrochemical device comprises an anode and a cathode. An electrocatalyst mixture is placed between said anode and cathode. The electrocatalyst mixture comprises at least one Catalytically Active Element and, separately, at least one Helper Catalyst comprising an organic molecule, an organic ion, or a mixture of organic molecules and organic ions. The electrocatalyst mixture electrochemically converts carbon dioxide to one or more carbonaceous reaction products via the reaction: CO 2 +2e − +2H + →carbonaceous reaction products, at overpotentials of 0.9 V or less.

Oxygenating electrode and process for its preparation

Es wird ein Sauerstoffverzehrelektrode, insbesondere für den Einsatz in der Chloralkali-Elektrolyse, mit einer neuartigen Katalysatorbeschichtung auf Basis von Kohlenstoffnanoröhrchen und einem silberbasierten Cokatalysator sowie eine Elektrolysevorrichtung beschrieben. Es wird ferner ein Herstellungsverfahren für die Sauerstoffverzehrelektrode sowie ihre Verwendung in der Chloralkali-Elektrolyse oder Brennstoffzellentechnik beschrieben. An oxygen-consuming electrode, in particular for use in chloralkali electrolysis, with a novel catalyst coating based on carbon nanotubes and a silver-based cocatalyst and an electrolysis device are described. A process for producing the oxygen-consuming electrode and its use in chloralkali electrolysis or fuel cell technology are also described.

Electroactivated material, its preparation and utilisation pour producing cathode elements

电活化材料，含有其中至少一部分具有导电性的纤维和粘合剂，其特征在于它还含有电催化剂，该试剂由以钌、铂、钯或铱氧化物或其混合物形成的颗粒、或者由一种或多种至少部分地分散于导电载体上的所述氧化物组成。该电活化材料特别适用作电解池，尤其是氯化钠水溶液电解池的阴极元件。本发明还涉及含有(a)高孔隙率材料、(b)上述电活化材料的复合材料。最后，本发明涉及含有彼此面对的(a)高孔隙率金属表面、(b)上述电活化材料、(c)隔板的复合材料。

Photoanode for selectively adsorbable of FeOOH water splitting catalysts for efficient improvement of hematite-based water splitting system and preparing method thereof

The present invention relates to a photoanode made of porous hematite doped with titanium having a selectively grown cocatalyst, and a preparation method thereof. More specifically, the present invention relates to a photoanode, capable of selectively adsorbing a FEOOH water splitting catalyst, for efficiently improving the water splitting capacity of hematite, wherein the photoanode comprises: a transparent substrate; and a porous hematite doped with titanium which is formed in a rod shape on the transparent substrate, the porous hematite doped with titanium comprising a cocatalyst. The photoanode of the present invention, when applied to PEC water splitting system, can increase the amount of light reaching the hematite and thereby provide an excellent photocurrent density value of 4.06 mA/cm^2 when 1.23 V vs RHE. Also, the photoanode of the present invention, when applied to PEC water splitting system for 36 hours, exhibits a value, and thus provides higher long-term cycle stability than conventional hematite-containing photoanodes.

Oxygen-consuming electrode and preparation method thereof

本发明涉及具有面向含氧气体一侧和面向碱性电解质一侧的多层耗氧电极，其中，所述电极包含至少一种载体，和含有催化剂和疏水材料的至少两层，其中，面向气体侧的最外层具有比面向电解质侧的最外层更低的催化剂比例，并且其中疏水材料的比例不大于8重量%，基于催化剂和疏水材料的总量计。

Method for producing drawn coated metals and use of the metals in the form of a current differentiator for electrochemical components

Cathode, electrochemical cell and application thereof

本发明涉及适用于电凝聚的含有牺牲电极的电化学池以及一种通过使用该电化学池从水或废水中除去各种污染物的电凝聚工艺。本发明还涉及牺牲电极本身。数个本发明电化学池可以耦合为电化学池组件。本发明的一些方面和实施方案尤其适用于减少氟化物或氟化物与重金属如六价铬和砷的组合。

A kind of preparation method of novel nano carbon material and its electro-catalysis hydrogen manufacturing application

本发明涉及一种新型纳米碳材料的制备方法及其电催化制氢应用。包括以下制备方法：（1）、在特定温度下，在单金属ZIFs骨架结构中引入第二种或多种金属合成双金属或多种金属基ZIFs材料；（2）、在高于该ZIFs材料有机配体分解温度下对材料在惰性气氛下进行碳化得到所述碳材料；（3）、将碳材料修饰于电极表面，在一定PH和一定浓度的电解液溶液中进行线性扫描伏安响应；（4）、在一定PH和一定浓度的电解液溶液中进行交流阻抗；（5）、在碱性溶液中进行循环伏安响应再测线性扫描伏安响应；有益效果是：金属盐原料范围宽，节省成本，利于工业生产制备；该方法在制备的纳米碳材料方面、扩展ZIFs材料的应用以及电催化领域具有重要的意义和广泛的应用前景。

Catalytic or electrocatalytic production of chlorium dioxide

FIELD: electrical engineering.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to an electrode element consisting of a solid electrode, comprising two separate catalytic components, housed in a single stand-alone part, comprising: substrate of a valve metal; first catalytic component deposited on said substrate, wherein said first catalytic component is suitable for separating oxygen from an aqueous solution during anodic polarization; second catalytic component suitable for the formation of chlorine dioxide from a solution of chlorate in an acidic medium; wherein the first and second catalytic components are electrically isolated from each other. Invention also relates to an electrolytic cell containing such an electrode element, and a method for producing chlorine dioxide on the catalytic component of an electrochemical cell containing such an electrode element.EFFECT: use of the invention allows to exclude the flow of acid into the process from the outside.10 cl, 1 ex, 1 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 674 688 C2 (51) МПК C25B 1/26 (2006.01) C25B 9/12 (2006.01) C25B 11/06 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C25B 1/26 (2018.08); C25B 11/0405 (2018.08); C25B 11/0478 (2018.08); C25B 9/12 (2018.08) (21)(22) Заявка: 2017104923, 17.07.2015 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: (73) Патентообладатель(и): ИНДУСТРИЕ ДЕ НОРА С.П.А. (IT) Дата регистрации: 12.12.2018 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 6203688 B1, 20.03.2001. US 3873437 A, 25.03.1975. RU 2236485 C1, 20.09.2004. 17.07.2014 US 62/025,557 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 17.08.2018 Бюл. № 23 (45) Опубликовано: 12.12.2018 Бюл. № 35 (86) Заявка PCT: C 2 C 2 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 17.02.2017 EP 2015/066378 (17.07.2015) (87) Публикация заявки PCT: WO 2016/009031 (21.01.2016) 2 6 7 4 6 8 8 2 6 7 4 6 8 8 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: R U R U 17.07.2015 (72) Автор(ы): ...

Photoelectrochemical reaction tank and method for treating hydrogen sulfide waste gas and waste water by using same

本发明涉及一种利用太阳光作为驱动力的同步硫化氢废气处理和废水高级氧化处理并实现硫资源化回收的方法及装置。所采用的光电催化反应器包括阳极室、光阳极、阴极室、阴极、外电路和分隔阳极室与阴极室的离子交换膜。本发明通过在阳极室和阴极室内加入氧化还原活性物质(如碘离子、铁离子)，利用光催化阳极产生的空穴间接氧化硫离子生成高纯度、可回收的单质硫颗粒；同时利用在阴极还原生成的具有催化活性的离子(如亚铁离子)来活化过一硫酸盐生成自由基，从而实现废水中污染物的高效去除。本发明能够使用太阳光为唯一能源，同步去除并回收废气中的硫离子和降解废水中的有机污染物，适用于厌氧消化废气、含硫废水/废气处理以及水环境修复。

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR FLEXIBLE USE OF ELECTRIC POWER

РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2016 129 051 A (51) МПК C25B 15/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2016129051, 16.12.2014 (71) Заявитель(и): ЭВОНИК ДЕГУССА ГМБХ (DE) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 18.12.2013 DE 102013226414.3 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 18.07.2016 R U (43) Дата публикации заявки: 23.01.2018 Бюл. № 03 (72) Автор(ы): МУССАЛЛЕМ Имад (DE), МАРКОВЦ Георг (DE) (86) Заявка PCT: (87) Публикация заявки PCT: WO 2015/091422 (25.06.2015) R U (54) УСТРОЙСТВО И СПОСОБ ГИБКОГО ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЕРГИИ (57) Формула изобретения 1. Устройство для гибкого использования электроэнергии, имеющее электролитическую ячейку для электролиза растворов хлоридов щелочных металлов с анодной полуячейкой, катодной полуячейкой и отделяющей анодную полуячейку и катодную полуячейку друг от друга катионообменной мембраной, расположенный в анодной полуячейке анод для образования хлора, расположенный в катодной полуячейке в качестве катода кислородопотребляющий электрод, образованное между катионообменной мембраной и кислородопотребляющим электродом катодное пространство, через которое проходит электролит, примыкающее к кислородопотребляющему электроду со стороны обращенной от катодного пространства поверхности газовое пространство и трубопровод для подачи газообразного кислорода в это газовое пространство, отличающееся наличием расположенного в катодном пространстве второго катода для образования водорода и наличием по меньшей мере одного трубопровода для продувки газового пространства инертным газом. 2. Устройство по п. 1, отличающееся тем, что кислородопотребляющий электрод и второй катод имеют раздельные токоподводы. 3. Устройство по п. 1 или 2, отличающееся тем, что оно имеет трубопровод, по которому возможен отвод инертного газа из газового пространства и на котором расположен датчик, позволяющий измерять содержание кислорода в инертном газе. Стр.: ...

A kind of large-sized nanoporous BiVO4 light anode and the preparation method and application thereof

本发明属于新能源和光电化学技术领域，具体公开了一种大尺寸的纳米多孔BiVO 4 光阳极及其制备方法与应用。以FTO导电玻璃作为基底，以硝酸铋作为铋源，将FTO玻璃以一定速度浸入硝酸铋电解液中进行铋金属层沉积，煅烧得到氧化铋，接着在氧化铋表面滴涂含有乙酰丙酮氧钒(VO(acac) 2 )的DMSO溶液，最后煅烧即得。本发明制备的光电极合成方法简单、反应条件温和以及无污染等优点，应用于光感应，电容，光电催化和光催化等领域前景良好。经实验研究发现纳米多孔BiVO 4 光阳极在光电化学测试中光电流密度超过1.4mA/cm 2 ，在主要吸光区域光电转化效率达到17％，在光电化学测试展示出了优异的稳定性。

A kind of preparation method of nickel vanadium dual metal hydroxide nano chip arrays water oxidation catalyst

一种镍钒双金属氢氧化物纳米片阵列水氧化催化剂的制备方法，将泡沫镍浸入纯丙酮溶液中超声清洗、再将泡沫镍浸入到盐酸中超声清洗，最后分别用乙醇与去离子水交替冲洗干净，最后真空干燥得到处理后的泡沫镍；将NiCl 2· 6H 2 O、VCl 3 和Co(NH 2 ) 2 同时加入到去离子水中得到澄清溶液A；将泡沫镍放入反应内衬中，再将溶液A倒入反应内衬中后密封，继而将内衬装于外釜中固定后置于均相反应仪中，进行水热反应后自然冷却到室温，然后将反应后冷却的泡沫镍产物取出，经过水洗和醇洗交替清洗干净后收集产物，将产物真空干燥得到NiV‑LDH纳米片阵列。本发明制备的产物化学组成均一，纯度高，形貌均匀，其作为电解水电极材料时能够表现出优异的电化学性能。

Preparation method of molybdenum disulfide/expanded graphite hydrogen evolution electrode

本发明提供一种二硫化钼/膨胀石墨析氢电极的制备方法，首先采用氧化插层法制得可膨胀石墨，再经高温膨化得到膨胀石墨，其次对其进行压片处理，然后采用水热合成法在其表面负载二硫化钼，最后制得二硫化钼/膨胀石墨析氢电极，通过调节二硫化钼在膨胀石墨基体材料上的生长量来制得一系列电化学析氢材料，本发明每平方厘米的膨胀石墨基体压片对应的钼酸铵的加入量范围为0.071毫摩尔～0.284毫摩尔。本发明制作工艺简单、成本低廉，且应用本发明制备的复合材料电极可以提高二硫化钼的催化析氢效率，能够有效解决二硫化钼导电性差的问题。

Method and device for electrochemically reducing carbon dioxide

本发明涉及一种用于电化学还原二氧化碳以制备高浓度甲酸盐的方法及用于电化学还原二氧化碳以制备上述高浓度甲酸盐的装置。

MoS2/TiO2NTs heterojunction photo-electro-catalyst substituting noble metal Pt sheet for hydrogen evolution and preparation method of MoS2/TiO2NTs heterojunction photo-electro-catalyst

本发明公开了一种取代贵金属Pt片析氢的MoS 2 /TiO 2 NTs异质结光电催化剂及其制备方法，本发明的光电催化剂，采用二步法合成，首先阳极氧化金属Ti片形成高比表面积、有间距的TiO 2 NTs，以二甘醇和HF体系作为溶剂，采用Ti片为钛源，阳极氧化法制得；其次，将MoS 2 负载在制备好的TiO 2 NTs上，分别以钼酸钠和硫代乙酰胺为Mo源和S源在二甘醇为溶剂釜热得到。TiO 2 表面层状结构利用MoS 2 层的比表面积可以增加对H 2 O分子的吸附，同时MoS 2 自身优异的传到电子能力及边带效应，增加反应活性位点；光电催化协同能有效地分离电子和空穴，从而提高光催化活性，所以本发明的催化剂能快速高效分解产氢。

ELECTROLYTIC DEVICE

РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2018 107 442 A (51) МПК C25B 1/06 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2018107442, 03.08.2016 (71) Заявитель(и): ЛИНЬ ХСИН-ЮЙНГ (CN) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (72) Автор(ы): ЛИНЬ ХСИН-ЮЙНГ (CN) 05.08.2015 CN 201520581251.3 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 05.03.2018 R U (43) Дата публикации заявки: 06.09.2019 Бюл. № 25 (86) Заявка PCT: (87) Публикация заявки PCT: WO 2017/020824 (09.02.2017) A Адрес для переписки: 123242, Москва, Кудринская площадь, 1, а/я 35, "Михайлюк, Сороколат и партнеры-патентные поверенные" R U (57) Формула изобретения 1. Электролитическое устройство, содержащее электролитическую ванну, содержащую камеру для вмещения воды и внутреннюю стенку камеры, имеющую множество элементов для удержания; и множество электродов, соединенных с множеством элементов для удержания и расположенных отдельно; при этом множество электродов прикреплены к камере с помощью литьевого формования. 2. Электролитическое устройство по п. 1, отличающееся тем, что электролитическая ванна дополнительно содержит верхнюю пластину, расположенную на множестве электродов, при этом верхняя пластина выполнена из изоляционного материала и содержит множество выступов, расположенных в ряде зазоров, образованных между множеством электродов, и при этом верхняя пластина содержит множество отверстий, проходящих через верхнюю пластину. 3. Электролитическое устройство по п. 2, отличающееся тем, что множество отверстий совпадают с рядом зазоров во множестве электродов. 4. Электролитическое устройство по п. 1, отличающееся тем, что электролитическая ванна дополнительно содержит нижнюю пластину, выполненную из изоляционного материала и расположенную под множеством электродов, и при этом промежуток между нижней частью камеры и электродами равен 1 см или более. Стр.: 1 A 2 0 1 8 1 0 7 4 4 2 (54) ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТИЧЕСКОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО 2 0 1 8 1 0 7 4 4 2 ...

Reactor with advanced structure for electrochemical reaction of CO2, CO and other chemical compounds

Electrode for the alkaline electrolysis of water