ИЗМЕРИТЕЛЬНЫЕ И КОНТРОЛЬНЫЕ ЭЛЕКТРОДЫ С АПТАМЕРНЫМ ПОКРЫТИЕМ И СПОСОБЫ ИХ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ДЛЯ РАСПОЗНАВАНИЯ БИОМАРКЕРОВ

Группа изобретений относится к области молекулярной диагностики и может быть использована для диагностики заболеваний с помощью молекул биомаркеров. Устройство для обнаружения специфической молекулы-мишени или биомаркера путем определения изменения электрических свойств включает: измерительный датчик, включающий проводящую или полупроводящую структуру; систему электродов, передающих сигнал от устройства; и контрольный датчик, имеющий структуру, идентичную измерительному датчику, но защищенную, т.е. предотвращающую образование связи с биомаркером и действующую как встроенный эталон. Структура измерительного датчика включает аптамерное покрытие и способна образовывать связь с биомаркером, вызывая изменение электрических свойств. Группа изобретений относится также к способу анализа пробы на наличие молекулы-мишени или биомаркера посредством указанного устройства. Группа изобретений обеспечивает повышение достоверности анализов. 2 н. и 28 з.п. ф-лы, 17 ил., 3 пр.

СИСТЕМА И СПОСОБ ДЛЯ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАННЫХ И ВЫСОХШИХ ДАТЧИКОВ

Изобретения относятся к медицине. Способ обнаружения повторного использования индикаторной полоски в биодатчике осуществляют с помощью биодатчика, содержащего процессор и память, хранящую команды для выполнения процессором. Индикаторная полоска содержит сухой реагент и электроды, включающие в себя оголенный электрод, который не находится в контакте с сухим реагентом в неиспользованном состоянии индикаторной полоски. При этом инокулируют индикаторную полоску жидкостью так, чтобы жидкость контактировала с сухим реагентом, оголенным электродом и одним или более другими электродами. Пока электроды находятся в контакте с жидкостью, прикладывают электрический потенциал между оголенным электродом и одним или более другими электродами. Измеряют электрический ток, протекающий между оголенным электродом и одним или более другими электродами в ответ на приложение потенциала. Определяют на основании одного или более параметров измеренного электрического тока, является ли индикаторная полоска полоской ...

УСТРОЙСТВО И СПОСОБ ДЛЯ ДИАГНОСТИКИ ВТОРИЧНОГО КАРИЕСА ЗУБОВ

... 1. Устройство для обнаружения вторичного кариеса, содержащее в своем корпусе (6) блок генерации тока, генерирующий ток, который имеет форму синусоидально изменяющегося сигнала, и имеет частоту, выбранную из диапазона частот от 200 Гц до 100 кГц, и амплитуду от 50 мВ до 5 В;блок предусилителей (4), имеющий фазочувствительные измерительные компоненты, чувствительные к выбранной частоте и к частотам, кратным выбранной частоте;микропроцессорный блок управления (5), подключенный к блоку генерации тока и к блоку предусилителей;по меньшей мере, один неподвижный электрод (2), подходящий для размещения на слизистой оболочке ротовой полости и подключенный к блоку измерения тока и к блоку предусилителей;по меньшей мере, один подвижный электрод, выполненный с возможностью установки на зубе (1) и подключенный к блоку измерения тока и к блоку предусилителей.2. Устройство по п. 1, отличающееся тем, что дополнительно содержит интерфейс (3), который может взаимодействовать с внешним устройством.3. Устройство ...

СИСТЕМЫ И СПОСОБЫ АНАЛИЗА НУКЛЕИНОВЫХ КИСЛОТ И БЕЛКОВ ПОСРЕДСТВОМ МОБИЛЬНОГО УСТРОЙСТВА

Отслеживание изменений усредненных значений гликемии у диабетиков

СИСТЕМЫ И СПОСОБЫ РАЗЛИЧИЯ МЕЖДУ КОНТРОЛЬНЫМ ОБРАЗЦОМ И ТЕСТИРУЕМОЙ ТЕКУЧЕЙ СРЕДОЙ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ЕМКОСТНОГО СОПРОТИВЛЕНИЯ

... 1. Способ различения между образцом крови и водным образцом, отличным от крови, причем способ содержит этапы, на которых:(а) прилагают первый тестовый потенциал между первым электродом и вторым электродом, когда образец вводят в электрохимическую ячейку, и измеряют токовую характеристику первого переходного процесса;(b) прилагают второй тестовый потенциал между первым электродом и вторым электродом, причем второй тестовый потенциал является достаточным для окисления восстановленного медиатора на втором электроде, и измеряют токовую характеристику второго переходного процесса;(с) измеряют емкостное сопротивление электрохимической ячейки;(d) прилагают третий тестовый потенциал между первым электродом и вторым электродом, причем третий тестовый потенциал является достаточным для окисления восстановленного медиатора на первом электроде, и измеряют токовую характеристику третьего переходного процесса;(е) рассчитывают на основании токовой характеристики первого переходного процесса первое контрольное ...

КОНТЕЙНЕР ДЛЯ ТЕСТ-ПОЛОСОК, ПРЕДНАЗНАЧЕННЫХ ДЛЯ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ЖИДКОСТИ, СПОСОБ ДОБАВЛЕНИЯ КАЛИБРОВОЧНОГО КОДА К ТАКОМУ КОНТЕЙНЕРУ И СПОСОБ РАСПОЗНАВАНИЯ ТАКОГО КОДА

... 1. Контейнер (2) для аналитических тест-полосок, содержащий корпус с полостью для множества тест-полосок, средство (4, 5), предназначенное для передачи данных из контейнера, и электрический компонент (9), подключенный между электрическими соединителями для идентификации калибровочного кода для партии полосок, содержащихся в контейнере, отличающийся тем, что содержит ровно два электрических соединителя (4, 5) с подключенным между указанными электрическими соединителями (4, 5) резистором (9) для идентификации калибровочного кода для партии полосок, содержащихся в контейнере.2. Контейнер по п.1, отличающийся тем, что тест-полоски внутри контейнера сложены в стопку.3. Контейнер по п.1, отличающийся тем, что имеет средство, обеспечивающее возможность электрического контакта с тест-полоской (32), когда полоска частично находится в контейнере (2).4. Контейнер по п.3, отличающийся тем, что средство (3) для идентификации калибровочного кода и средство (14, 34) для электрического контакта с тест-полоской ...

Gesteuerte Translokation eines Polymers in einem elektrolytischen Sensorsystem

Ein elektrolytisches Sensorsystem zum Messen des Stromblockadesignals eines Moleküls mit: einer ersten Fluidkammer, die ein erstes Elektrolyt beinhaltet; einer zweite Fluidkammer, die ein zweites Elektrolyt beinhaltet; einer Schranke, die die erste Fluidkammer von der zweiten Fluidkammer trennt und mit einem ersten Kanal in dieser, die einen Messbereich bildet, der eine fluidische Kommunikation zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Fluidkammer bildet; einer DC-Quelle, die eingerichtet ist zum Anwenden eines im Wesentlichen konstanten elektrischen Feldes über den Messbereich zum Induzieren einer Translokation eines Moleküls durch den Messbereich in einer gesteuerten Weise; einer AC-Quelle die eingerichtet ist zum Anlegen eines elektrisch oszillierenden Parameters über den Messbereich, wobei der oszillierende elektrische Parameter eine Frequenz hat; und einen Sensor, der eingerichtet ist zum Detektieren eines Kanalblockierungssignals, der dem schwingenden elektrischen Parameter zugehörig ist ...

Vorrichtung zur austauschbaren Aufnahme von Meßkartuschen, bzw. Meßzellen, zur Bestimmung biochemischer Meßparameter, in computergesteuerten Analysensystemen, sowie zugehörige Vorrichtungen in den entsprechenden Meßkartuschen oder Meßzellen

Chemical sensing device

Improvements in and relating to sample measurement

Analyte Measurement

Intergrated sensing array for producing a biofinger print of >an> analyte

An integrated array (37) of electronic sensing elements (20,21,22) outputs a bio-fingerprint of an analyte. System (10) is preferably constructed of as a series of three layers (35, 75, 100) but need not be so 5 arranged. An upper layer (100) defines a fluid volume or analyte chamber (40); a middle layer (35) contains the sensing elements (20, 21, 22); and a third layer (75) contains electronic readout elements. The analyte chamber (40) contains an electrolyte and the analyte to be detected. The sensing elements (20, 21, 22) are optimized for maximum 10 detection sensitivity in the minimum response time. The response of each sensing element (20, 21, 22) is read out by a dedicated sensing electrode (30, 31, 32). Around each electrode (30, 31, 32) is a control ring (70). The potential of the control ring (70) is set to attract analytes of interest to the sensing elements (20, 21, 22).

Test strip for glucose monitoring with discrete testing zones

The present invention relates to a sample measurement system. In particular the invention relates to a sample measurement system for measuring certain selected properties of a liquid substrate, such as the glucose levels in a blood sample. More particularly the invention relates to a sample measurement system for performing electrochemical measurements on a sample, the system comprising a sampling plate 100 (test strip) with a loading port 110 for receiving a liquid substrate; and a measurement device 200 (meter); wherein the sampling plate comprises a sample zone 120 with at least two discrete testing zones (e.g. wells) 122, which sample zone is arranged, in use, to separate the liquid substrate into at least two discrete samples, such that each sample occupies a respective testing zone; and the measurement device is operable to communicate with the sampling plate to measure one or more selected properties of any of the at least two samples. This arrangement provides a sampling plate/test ...

Chemical sensing device

Electrochemical-based analytical test strip with soluble acidic material coating

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MOBILE DEVICE ANALYSIS OF NUCLEIC ACIDS AND PROTEINS

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR IN-VITRO-PROOF AND MARKING OF PSYCHOAKTIVER SUBSTANCES, USING AN ANALYSIS THAT REPETITIVEN ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY IN A NEURAL SAMPLE

BIO INTERFACE DIAPHRAGMS WITH BIOACTIVE MEANS

DEVICE FOR EXAMINING CELLS USING THE PATCH CLAMP METHOD

TEST STRIP AND DETECTING DEVICE

Abstract A test strip and a detecting device are disclosed. The test strip can be used with an electrochemical instrument to accurately detect the viscosity and concentration of an analyte of a specimen. The test strip includes a first specimen path, a first electrode set, a redox reagent, a second specimen path, a second electrode set, and a reaction reagent. The redox reagent includes at least a redox pair. When the specimen enters the first specimen path, the redox pair dissolves and generates an electrochemical redox reaction for obtaining a flow time of the specimen. When the specimen enters the second specimen path, the reaction reagent is used to obtain the analyte concentration of the specimen, and the concentration of the analyte can be corrected by the flow time.

Electrochemical-based analytical test strip with soluble acidic material coating

An electrochemical-based analytical test strip (EBATS) for the determination of an analyte (such as glucose) in a bodily fluid sample (for example, a whole blood sample) includes an electrically insulating base layer (110), a patterned electrically conductive layer (120) disposed on the electrically insulating base layer, an enzymatic reagent layer (140) disposed on the patterned electrically conductor layer, a patterned spacer layer (150), a top layer (170) having an underside surface, and a soluble acidic material coating (160) on the underside surface of the top layer. The patterned spacer layer and top layer define a sample-receiving chamber (180) within the EBATS and the soluble acidic material coating is disposed on the underside surface of the top layer within the sample-receiving chamber. In addition, the soluble acidic material coating is operably dissolvable in the bodily fluid sample such that a pH of the bodily fluid sample in the sample-receiving chamber is reduced during use ...

Methods and systems for detection of analytes

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DETECTION OF ANALYTES Embodiments provide analyte detection systems and methods for detecting the presence of one or more analytes in one or more samples. In a detection method, a sample and a sensor compound is introduced into a channel. A first potential difference is applied across the length of the channel in a first direction, and a first electrical property value is detected. Subsequently, a second potential difference is applied across the length of the channel in a second opposite direction, and a second electrical property value is detected. Presence or absence of an analyte in the channel is determined based on a comparison between the first and second electrical property values. -141- ...

High throughput functional genomics

Carbon monoxide emitting apparatus, carbon monoxide monitor shutoff, and circuittherefor

ELECTROCHEMICAL ANALYTICAL CARTRIDGE

An electro-analytical cartridge adapted for use in analyzing fluids. The cartridge (10) includes an electrochemical device (22) that measures ionic activity using ion-specific electrodes. The cartridge (10) further includes a plumbing system composed of the electrochemical device (22) and various wells or chambers which are interconnected by passageways (60 and 62). After introduction into the cartridge (10), liquid samples are measured out and transported to the electrochemical device (22) utilizing a sequential application of centrifugal force followed by pressurization of the system. Reference fluid is transported from a reference fluid well (80) or reservoir to the electrochemical device (22) for use in measuring ionic activity. The cartridge (10) may be used to measure the ionic activity of a wide variety of ions in fluids including bodily fluids.

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR HIGH THROUGHPUT ELECTROROTATION ANALYSIS

The present invention concerns a high throughput electrorotation chip having an array of electrorotation units and methods of use thereof. To make the high throughput electrorotation chip, a plurality of electrorotation units (EU) are fabricated on a substrate or support and each EU is capable of producing a rotating electric field upon the application of an appropriate electrical signal. Exemplary embodiments include a row-column configuration of EUs having four electrode elements realized through two conductive-layers. The electrode elements may be linear, concave, or convex. Thin plates having one or multiple holes are bound to high-throughput electrorotation chips to form assay chambers having one or multiple wells. Particles can be introduced to the wells and electrorotation measurements can be performed on the particles. The high throughput electrorotation chip and chamber may be used for cell-based screening for leading drug candidate molecules from a compound library, for high-throughput ...

METHODS AND DEVICE FOR IN VITRO DETECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PSYCHOACTIVES USING ANALYSIS OF REPETITIVE ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY IN A NEURONAL SAMPLE

This relates to methods for the detection of psychoactive compounds in an in vitro neuronal tissue sample by detecting oscillations of extracellular voltage desirably before and after the introduction of a candidate sample onto an in vitro neuronal tissue sample and for devices useful in practicing the methods. Analysis of the extracellular voltage parameters leads to indication of the presence of psychoactive material in the candidate sample and information as to its pharmacological activity and/or composition. Further, it relates to a process of initiating and maintaining the presence of repetitive neuronal activity within the in vitro sample. Additionally, this includes a method for the stimulation of or initiation of repetitive neuronal activity, e.g., EEG, in an in vitro nueronal tissue sample by introducing a stimulating composition comprising compounds that facilitate or mimic the actions of acetylcholine, serotonin, or catecholamines, such as carbachol, or by subjecting the in vitro ...

TECHNIQUES FOR PREDICTING RECURRENCE OF CANCEROUS CELLS USING IMPEDANCE DETECTION

One embodiment of the present application sets forth a method for predicting recurrence of cancerous cells in a patient that includes measuring, by a first subset of electrodes included in an electrode array operating at a first frequency, a first impedance of a first section of a first sample of tissue excised from the patient, computing a first Cole relaxation frequency for the first section of the first sample based on the first impedance, and generating a first prediction relating to cancerous cells in the patient based at least in part on the first Cole relaxation frequency.

NOVEL BIOSENSOR AND RELATED WOUND DRESSING SYSTEM

A biosensor for detecting a biomarker in a bodily fluid, secretion or exudation is disclosed. The biosensor essentially comprising a first electrode (100a), a second electrode (100b), an electrode coating (200) and a mechanical electrode stabilizer (300). The biomarker is an enzyme catalyzing a chemical reaction in which a singularity or plurality of constituents of the electrode coating (200) are chemically altered by the breaking of covalent chemical bonds when being in contact with the same. The electrode coating comprises a natural or synthetic substrate of the biomarker. The first electrode and the second electrode are electrically conductive and are kept in a substantially constant and uniform distance from each other by means of the mechanical electrode stabilizer (300). The exposed electrically conductive surface of at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode are substantially fully covered by the electrode coating (200). The biosensor exists in at least one state ...

BIOSENSING SYSTEMS HAVING BIOSENSORS COATED WITH CO-POLYMERS AND THEIR USES THEREOF

The present invention relates to biosensing systems having biosensors coated with co-polymers and their uses thereof.

METHODS, DEVICES, AND SYSTEMS FOR MEASURING PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF FLUID

Disclosed herein are devices for measuring, at one or more time points, one or more properties or changes in properties, such as the viscosity or the density, of a fluid sample, such as blood. The devices may comprise a chamber defining an internal volume of the device suitable for receiving and retaining the fluid sample; a plurality of layers, the plurality comprising at least a first layer (301) below the chamber, at least a second layer (309) above the chamber, and a substrate layer (305) between the first and second layers. The multi-layered device can be formed as a disposable test strip. The substrate layer (305) is linked to at least one suspended vibrating element (101) located within the chamber; the suspended element (101) is linked to the substrate layer by at least two compliant structures (102) located within the chamber; and the suspended element (101) is configured to oscillate upon application of an actuating current to at least one electrically conductive path (103), which ...

ELECTROCHEMICAL-BASED ANALYTICAL TEST STRIP WITH SOLUBLE ACIDIC MATERIAL COATING

An electrochemical-based analytical test strip (EBATS) for the determination of an analyte (such as glucose) in a bodily fluid sample (for example, a whole blood sample) includes an electrically insulating base layer (110), a patterned electrically conductive layer (120) disposed on the electrically insulating base layer, an enzymatic reagent layer (140) disposed on the patterned electrically conductor layer, a patterned spacer layer (150), a top layer (170) having an underside surface, and a soluble acidic material coating (160) on the underside surface of the top layer. The patterned spacer layer and top layer define a sample-receiving chamber (180) within the EBATS and the soluble acidic material coating is disposed on the underside surface of the top layer within the sample-receiving chamber. In addition, the soluble acidic material coating is operably dissolvable in the bodily fluid sample such that a pH of the bodily fluid sample in the sample-receiving chamber is reduced during use ...

TRI-ELECTRODE APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR MOLECULAR ANALYSIS

The claimed invention is an apparatus and method for performing impedance spectroscopy with a handheld measuring device. Conformal analyte sensor circuits comprising a porous nanotextured substrate and a conductive material situated on the top surface of the solid substrate in a circuit design may be used alone or in combination with a handheld potentiometer. Also disclosed are methods of detecting and/or quantifying target analytes in a sample using a handheld measuring device.

CHEMICAL SENSING DEVICE

An apparatus comprises a transducer having a first output signal and arranged to receive an electrical input. The transducer switches the first output signal between an ON and OFF state. The apparatus comprises a chemical sensing surface coupled to the transducer arranged to receive a chemical input.A signal generator oscillates one or more of said inputs to vary the switching point of the transducer. The oscillating input may be the chemical input and/or the electrical input. The output signal may be a pulse whose period ON or OFF is determined by the oscillating input modulated by the chemical input.

A CARTRIDGE FOR BODY FLUID MEASURING STRIPS AND A METHOD FOR INCLUDING A CALIBRATION CODE TO THE CARTRIDGE AS WELL AS A METHOD FOR RECOGNIZING THE CODE

A cartridge (2) for storing a plurality of test strips (32) suitable for analyzing body fluid, such as blood is designed such that the test strips (32) can be brought out of the cartridge (2) for performing a body fluid measurement. Such test strips (32) need to be identified in order to calibrate the measurement to lot- to- lot variations of test strips. The identification is accomplished by measuring the resistance of a resistor (9) attached to tne cartridge (2). The measurement of the resistance is carried out through a direct sensor - to - controller circuit using the RC timing method.

ELECTROCHEMICAL ASSAY METHOD AND NOVEL P-PHENYLENEDIAMINE COMPOUND

An enzyme electrode, specific binding or the like electrochemical assay method capable of performing always stably high detection sensitivity (responsibility) and reappearance even in the case of blood, urine and the like samples that contain interfering substances and also of applying suitably to disposable use, and a novel p-phenylenediamine compound which is used in the assay method. Particularly, an electrochemical assay method in which a substance in a liquid sample is assayed using at least one oxidoreductase, wherein an oxidoreductase, an electron mediator and an electrode which performs electron transfer with the mediator are arranged in the assay system, and a compound of the following formula ¢I! or a salt thereof is used as the mediator which is highly soluble in water, dried (by freeze-, vacuum- or airdrying) easily and stable under dry condition, shows a high electron transfer rate with enzymes and is almost free from the influence of interfering substances in blood, urine ...

FEEDBACK CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

A feedback controlled drug delivery system includes automated blood sampling and analysis and dosing of the patient. Automated sampling is performed by direct analysis of patient blood, such as for measurement of its coagulation state. A novel manifold includes a fluid input port, a patient port adapted to output fluid and to receive a blood sample from the patient, and a fluid pathway connecting the fluid port and the patient port. A sample line is connected to the fluid pathway to provide the sample to an analyzer. In one aspect of this invention, the sample is forced through the sample line by isolating the patient port, such as by a valve, and non-drug fluid is forced into the manifold causing the blood to cross through the sample line. In another embodiment, an integrated assembly includes an integrated peristaltic pump, valve assembly, selectively movable actuator and integrated waste container. In one aspect, the peristaltic pump permits retraction of the rollers away from the inner ...

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE DIELECTRIC BREAK-THROUGH AND THE SIZE OF AS CASING PARTICLES EXHIBITING A DIAPHRAGM.

DEVICE FOR DETECTING FOR IDENTIFICATION OF MARKERS, DISSOLVED IN LIQUID STI, BY MEASURING THE CHANGE OF SPECIFIC RESISTANCE, METHOD OF DETECTING AND APPLICATION OF MARKER AND DETECTION DEVICE

DEVICE, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR THE PRECONCENTRATION OF ANALYTES

L'invention propose plusieurs aspects d'un dispositif Micro-Nano-Micro (MNM). Dans un aspect, une pluralité de canaux d'observation sont positionnés en parallèle et présentent chacun une section moindre pour générer une perturbation afin de provoquer de la préconcentration. Les sections de deux canaux distincts sont différentes. Dans un autre aspect, le canal d'observation présente une largeur moindre, avec préférentiellement une profondeur constante. Dans un autre aspect, un procédé pour analyser et/ou discriminer et/ou trier des analytes est présenté. Plusieurs types d'analytes peuvent être utilisés. Dans un aspect, un procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif conforme à l'invention est présenté.

간섭을 보상하는 두 개의 전극들의 테스트 스트립

... 본 발명은 테스트 샘플에서의 적어도 하나의 분석물을 검출하는 방법에 관련되며, 상기 방법은, a) 상기 테스트 샘플을 (i) 상기 분석물의 존재 하에서 활동성인 효소 활성에 의존하여 적어도 하나의 전기화학적 성질을 변화시키는 활성 화학 매트릭스 (116) 로서, 상기 활성 화학 매트릭스는 제 1 전극 (112) 에 접촉하는, 상기 활성 화학 매트릭스 (116) 에; 그리고 (ii) 비활성 화학 매트릭스가 제 2 전극 (114) 에 접촉하는, 상기 비활성 화학 매트릭스 (118) 에 접촉시키는 단계, b) 상기 제 1 전극 (112), 상기 제 2 전극 (114), 그리고 상기 활성 화학 매트릭스 (116) 및 비활성 화학 매트릭스 (118) 를 포함하는 전기 회로를 폐쇄하고, 후속하여 상기 적어도 하나의 전기화학적 성질의 제 1 값을 결정하는 단계, c) 상기 b) 의 전기 회로의 전기 극성을 반전시키며, 후속하여 상기 적어도 하나의 전기화학적 성질의 제 2 값을 결정하는 단계, 및 d) 상기 제 1 값에 그리고 상기 제 2 값에 기초하여 상기 적어도 하나의 분석물을 검출하는 단계를 포함한다. 더구나, 본 발명은 본 발명의 방법을 이용하도록 적응된 테스트 디바이스에 그리고 테스트 시스템에 관한 것이다. 본 발명은 적어도 하나의 분석물을 결정하는 센서 엘리먼트 (110) 에 추가로 관련되는데, 그 센서 엘리먼트는, 전극들 (112, 114) 의 쌍과 적어도 활성 및 비활성 화학 매트릭스들 (116, 118) 을 포함하며, 상기 활성 화학 매트릭스 (116) 는 상기 분석물의 존재 하에서 활동성인 효소 활성에 의존하여 적어도 하나의 전기화학적 성질을 변화시키며, (i) 상기 전극들 (112, 114) 의 쌍은 다른 전극들로부터 전기적으로 절연되는 두 개의 전극들로 이루어지며, (ii) 상기 활성 화학 매트릭스 (116) 는 상기 효소 활성을 포함하고 상기 비활성 화학 매트릭스 (118) 는 상기 효소 활성을 포함하지 않고, (iii) 상기 전극들의 쌍 중 제 1 전극 ...

Novel biosensor and associated wound dressing system

Artificial Neural Network Model-Based Methods for Analyte Analysis

Test strip, detecting device and detection method

CELL-IMPEDANCE SENSORS

Methods and apparatus for designing and measuring a cell-electrode impedance sensor to detect chemical and biological samples, including biological cells. The method of designing a cell-electrode impedance sensor comprises: determining a cell free cell-electrode impedance and a cell-covered cell-electrode impedance; obtaining a sensor sensitivity of the cell-electrode impedance measurement system; and choosing one or more design parameters of the cell-electrode impedance sensor to maximize the sensor sensitivity. When the frequency of AC signal between electrodes ranges from 1OkHz to 4OkHz, the sensitivity of the sensor is maximized.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS OF DISCRIMINATING BETWEEN A CONTROL SAMPLE AND A TEST FLUID USING CAPACITANCE

Methods for distinguishing between an aqueous non-blood sample (e.g., a control solution) and a blood sample are provided herein. In one aspect, the method includes using a test strip in which multiple current transients and a capacitance are measured by a meter electrically connected to an electrochemical test strip. The current transients are used to determine if a sample is a blood sample or an aqueous non -blood sample based on characteristics of the sample (e.g., amount of interferent present, reaction kinetics, and/or capacitance). The method can also include calculating a discrimination criteria based upon these characteristics. Various aspects of a system for distinguishing between a blood sample and an aqueous non -blood sample are also provided herein.

Biointerface membranes incorporating bioactive agents

A biointerface membrane for an implantable device including a nonresorbable solid portion with a plurality of interconnected cavities therein adapted to support tissue ingrowth in vivo, and a bioactive agent incorporated into the biointerface membrane and adapted to modify the tissue response is provided. The bioactive agents can be chosen to induce vascularization and/or prevent barrier cell layer formation in vivo, and are advantageous when used with implantable devices wherein solutes are transported across the device-tissue interface.

Microfluidic and nanofluidic electronic devices for detecting changes in capacitance of fluids and methods of using

The present invention (also identified as “Capacitance cytometry”) relates to microfluidic and nanofluidic devices for detecting or measuring an electrical property of a fluid (liquid or aerosol), a single molecule, particle, or cell in fluid. In a particular embodiment, the devices detect or measure changes in capacitance of a fluid, molecule, particle or cell as it passes through the device. The invention relates to detection and measurement of single molecules, particularly biological molecules, and to methods of sequencing polynucleotide molecules (RNA or DNA) by detecting differentially labeled single nucleotides. Single molecule detection applications include DNA or RNA sequencing, detection of SNPs, protoemics, and particle sizing. The device can be used to determine cell DNA content, to analyze cell-cycle kinetics of cell populations, and to assay for abnormal changes in cell DNA content. Nano-microfluidic devices of this invention also have utility as detectors in molecular sorting ...

Aptamer coated measurement and reference electrodes and methods using same for biomarker detection

A device for identifying the presence of a specific target molecule or biomarker by the detection of a change in an electrical property includes a measurement sensor 8 comprising a semiconducting sensor structure 12 capable of conjugating with the biomarker, thus giving rise to the said change in electrical property, and an electrode system 3, 4 for conducting a signal from the device. According to the invention there is a further such sensor 9, of substantially identical form but having its sensor structure 14 already conjugated with the biomarker, or otherwise capped, e.g. using a further oligonucleotide strand, so as to act as an internal reference. When a biological sample, e.g. saliva, is applied to the electrodes, the reference enables the discounting of all environmental effects other than the biomarker. The invention provides a simple, cheap and accurate text for one or more biomarkers that can be used in the field without complex equipment.

NANOWIRE SENSOR HAVING NANOWIRE OF NETWORK STRUCTURE

A nanowire sensor having a nanowire in a network structure includes: source and drain electrodes formed over a substrate; a nanowire formed between the source and drain electrodes and having a network structure in which patterns of intersections are repeated; and a detection material fixed to the nanowire and selectively reacting with a target material introduced from outside.

Determination of fertility potential from the oxidation-reduction potential of a biological sample

Methods and systems for measuring and using the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of a biological sample are provided. The system generally includes a test strip and a readout device for determining the ORP. The measured ORP is then used to determine characteristics relating to the fertility of the sample or the subject from which the sample was derived. Some characteristics that can be determined include the quality of a sperm sample, an oocyte or a fertilized egg. The measured ORP value can also be used to determine the specific characteristics of a spermatozoa sample, such as the morphology of the spermatozoa, the motility of the spermatozoa, the number of cells in the sample and the concentration of the cells in the sample. Knowledge of such characteristics and fertility potential can be used to identify individuals that might benefit from specific fertility treatments.

BLOOD COAGULATION SYSTEM ANALYZER, BLOOD COAGULATION SYSTEM ANALYSIS METHOD AND PROGRAM

There is provided a blood coagulation system analyzer, including a measurement section and an analysis section. The measurement section measures a time change of impedance of a blood sample, which is obtainable by applying an alternating electric field to the blood sample. The analysis section extracts a parameter indicating the characteristics of the impedance from the measured data of the time change of the impedance. Furthermore, the analysis section analyzes a degree of enhancement of blood coagulation on the basis of a comparison of the extracted parameter with at least one reference value which defines the criteria of the enhancement of blood coagulation.

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR MONITORING PRESENCE OF URINE OR FECES

Discloses herein are systems and methods for determining waste, such as urine or feces. Also disclosed herein are diapers incorporating a system as described herein for detecting waste, such as urine or feces, when worn by a subject.

Controlled translocation of a polymer in an electrolytic sensing system

An electrolytic sensing system for measuring a blocking signal allows for controlled translocation of a molecule, such as DNA, through a fluid channel. A substantially constant electric field supplied by a DC source is applied across the fluid channel and induces translocation of the molecule within the system. An oscillating electric parameter (e.g. current or voltage) supplied by an AC source is also applied across the fluid channel as a means for measuring a blocking signal. The substantially constant electric field can be altered to provide more detailed control of the molecule and, optionally, run a select portion of the molecule through the channel multiple times to provide numerous signal readings. A temperature control stage cools the system, providing further control of molecule translocation. A modified or non-modified protein pore may be utilized in the fluid channel. The system allows for long DNA strands to be sequenced quickly without amplification.

BIOINTERFACE MEMBRANES INCORPORATING BIOACTIVE AGENTS

PROCESSING ANALYTE SENSOR DATA

SENSING PHAGE-TRIGGERED ION CASCADE (SEPTIC)

СЧИТЫВАЮЩЕЕ УСТРОЙСТВО И СПОСОБ УСИЛЕНИЯ СИГНАЛА

Способ усиления сигнала считывания устройства сбора текучей среды, содержащий переменное действие первого рабочего электрода и первого противоэлектрода c нанесенным на них образцом в режиме коллектора и в режиме генератора в быстрой последовательности, так что возникает окислительно-восстановительное циклирование для получения усиленного сигнала, причем быстрая последовательность находится в диапазоне от 0,1 до 15 Гц, первый рабочий электрод и первый противоэлектрод являются составляющими первой электрохимической ячейки; переменное действие второго рабочего электрода и второго противоэлектрода второй электрохимической ячейки с нанесенным на них образцом несинфазно с переменным действием первого рабочего электрода и первого противоэлектрода; измерение тока усиленного сигнала и сопоставление результата измерения тока усиленного сигнала с предварительно заданной информацией для выявления по меньшей мере одного из концентрации и присутствия данного электроактивного вещества в образце. Также ...

СПОСОБЫ И СИСТЕМЫ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ АНАЛИТОВ

Изобретения обеспечивают системы и способы обнаружения аналита для обнаружения присутствия одного или больше аналитов в одном или больше образцах. Способ обнаружения присутствия или отсутствия аналита в образце включает введение образца и сенсорного соединения в канал, обладающий длиной и шириной, причем длина значительно больше ширины, при этом обеспечивают протекание сенсорного соединения вдоль длины канала; измерение значения электрического свойства для электрического свойства вдоль по меньшей мере части длины канала после введения образца в канал, получение доступа к эталонному значению электрического свойства, причем эталонное значение электрического свойства связано с электрическим свойством канала вдоль по меньшей мере части длины канала до введения образца в канал, сравнение измеренного значения электрического свойства и эталонного значения электрического свойства и определение того, присутствует ли аналит в канале, на основании сравнения между измеренным значением электрического ...

ЭЛЕКТРОХИМИЧЕСКАЯ АНАЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕСТОВАЯ ПОЛОСКА СО СВЕРХТОНКИМ ДИСКРЕТНЫМ МЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКИМ СЛОЕМ

СПОСОБ МИКРОСКОПИЧЕСКОЙ ОЦЕНКИ АГРЕГАТНОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ ЭРИТРОЦИТОВ В АУТОПЛАЗМЕ

Способ микроскопической оценки агрегатного состояния эритроцитов в аутоплазме, включающий выделение эритроцитов из крови, смешивание плазмы крови с эритроцитами, отличающийся тем, что плазму смешивают с эритроцитами в соотношении 2:1, помещают на предметное стекло, перемешивают, опускают в каплю крови объектив ×100, производят микрофотосъемку.

СПОСОБ ЭЛЕКТРОХИМИЧЕСКОГО ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ НАЛИЧИЯ ВОСПАЛИТЕЛЬНОГО ПРОЦЕССА ПРИ КАЛЬКУЛЕЗНОМ ПИЕЛОНЕФРИТЕ

Изобретение относится к медицине, а именно к урологии, и может быть использовано для электрохимического определения наличия воспалительного процесса при калькулезном пиелонефрите. Исследование мочи осуществляют джоульметрическим методом. Образец мочи пациента вводят в жидкостный проточный датчик, где на образец мочи действуют током определенной амплитуды. Определяют работу тока для образца. При работе тока от 40,2 до 47,6 мДж определяют отсутствие воспалительного процесса при калькулезном пиелонефрите. При работе тока от 55,09 до 64,3мДж определяют наличие воспалительного процесса при калькулезном пиелонефрите. Способ обеспечивает возможность повышения точности диагностики активности калькулезного пиелонефрита, в том числе и после выполнения чрескожных вмешательств по удалению конкрементов в ближайшем послеоперационном периоде путем анализа значений работы электрического тока в динамике в течение определенного промежутка времени для каждого образца, вычисленных при проведении исследования ...

Anordnung mit einer Substratplatte und einem Chip

Analyser

Analyser, especially for the examination of body fluids, having a feed device, a measuring path formed by measuring chambers connected to each other via a channel and a disposal device for the removal of the analysed samples. In order to be able to adjust such an analyser in a simple way to the respective requirement, provision can be made for the measuring path (5, 5', 6, 6') or at least parts of the latter to be constructed as a module and to be capable of being coupled directly to the feed device and the disposal device, if necessary via a separate control block (16). ...

Biosensor using nanoscale material as transistor channel and method of fabricating the same

Biomarker sensor apparatus and method of measuring biomarker in blood

A device for measuring a biomarker, in particular lactate, in a sample consisting of whole blood comprises an entrance 15 for blood, two or more measurement cells on electrode assembly 11, each cell comprising three electrodes, at least one electrode per cell comprises a bio-catalyst specific to the biomarker and at least one electrode comprises an electrochemical mediator, separation means 12 which separates whole blood into components and transports at least one component toward the measurement cells, wherein the separation means includes a predetermined amount of biomarker proximate just one of the measurement cells. The predetermined biomarker is useful in calibrating the device. The device allows rapid determination of lactose in blood.

Electrical detection of the binding of analyte molecules to probe molecules

A method of measuring the binding of an analyte molecule (4), for example biopolymer molecules, to a probe substance (3) comprises the steps of providing a probe substance (3) which is immobilized in spatial proximity to a circuit surface(1), forming a complex comprising the probe substance, the analyte molecule and an electrically conductive nanoparticle(7), wherein the nanoparticle acts electrically on a circuit of the circuit surface by current generation and/or by a change in capacitance, and detecting an electrical change in the circuit to measure the binding of the analyte molecule (4) to the probe molecule (3).

Preparation of enriched target cell samples for use in a chemosensitivity assay

Methods for preparing enriched target cell samples for a chemosensitivity assay by removal of contaminants. The depletion of contaminants is performed in either of two manners: A) Binding of contaminant to primary contaminant specific antibody which is coupled to a magnetic bead allowing for direct magnetic separation, or B) Binding of contaminant (1) to primary contaminant specific antibody (4) which is bound to a magnetic bead via a secondary antibody (3). The contaminant-antibody-antibody-magnetic bead is removed by a magnet (5) leaving the target cells e.g., cancer cells (2) enriched. The contaminant specific cell markers of choice are CD45, CD31 and CD90. The enriched population of target cells are applied in a chemosensitivity assay that can measure the electrochemical response of, for example, cancer cells to a potential chemotherapeutic agent and thereby determine the sensitivity towards the agent.

Integrated sensing array for producing a biofinger print of an analyte

A contact free blood assessment device and method

A method and apparatus for the analysis of an isolated blood sample are disclosed wherein alternating voltages at single or multiple frequencies are used to perform radio frequency dielectric analysis. Contrary to the assumption that the dielectric Beta dispersion for human blood is around 1 MHz, the disclosure suggests that, for blood in stasis (for up to 10s) after mixing regime, the Beta dispersion loss peak drifts to a lower frequency and that the membrane capacitance increases by several fold. Accordingly, the blood first is pre-mixed, then placed into a holder adjacent to a high impedance voltage fed single electrode, figure 1 for analysis. A single voltage frequency (e.g. 400 kHz) is applied, followed by a time delay (5s) and then a second voltage frequency (e.g. 16 MHz). Estimates of haemoglobin, haematocrit, MCV, PCV, ESR, plasma glucose and other haematological parameters may be obtained without direct blood contact.

ELECTRO-CHEMICAL REGULATION METHOD AND NEW p PHENYLENDIAMIN CONNECTION

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A MICRO-FLUID CONSTRUCTION UNIT

TEMPORALLY HIGH-DISSOLVED IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY

MEASURING HEAD FOR GLUCOSE MONITORING, APPLICABLE IN IMPLANTIERBAREN DEVICES

Wearable systems, devices, and methods for measurement and analysis of body fluids

Systems, devices and methods for various embodiments of a sample analysis system that is worn by a user, the sample analysis system configured to collect a sample of bodily fluid, and measure and analyze the bodily fluid to determine a property of the bodily fluid and/or a health parameter (e.g., degree of hydration, electrolyte losses, perspiration rate, etc.) of the user.

Method and apparatus for coding diagnostic meters

ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY FOR MEASUREMENT OF PLATELET FUNCTION IN WHOLE BLOOD

A platelet impedance measurement system including an electrode assembly allows for measurement of platelet function in blood. The assembly includes a substrate that acts as a substantially rigid base and includes an electrode. A portion of the electrode is exposed such that, when the electrode is placed in blood, the exposed portion is in contact with the blood for measuring impedance changes as platelets adhere to the electrode. Wires of the electrode can be attached to each end of the substrate and can run within a groove along a portion of the substrate. The substrate includes an open area where the wires in the groove exit and re enter the substrate at the end of the substrate, allowing the wires to be exposed to the blood. The open area includes a brace, ensuring that the exposed wires are held in the appropriate placement relative to each other and to the cuvette. - 16- ...

System and method for GMR-based detection of biomarkers

A system for detecting analytes in a test sample, and a method for processing the same, is provided. The system includes a cartridge reader unit that has a control unit and a pneumatic system, and a cartridge assembly that prepares the samples with mixing material(s) through communication channels. The assembly has a memory chip with parameters for preparing the sample and at least one sensor (GMR sensor) for detecting analytes in the sample. The assembly is pneumatically and electronically mated with the reader unit via a pneumatic interface and an electronic interface such that the parameters may be implemented via the control unit. The pneumatic system is contained within the unit and has pump(s) and valve(s) for selectively applying fluid pressure to the pneumatic interface of the assembly, and thus through the communication channels, to move the sample and mixing material(s) through and to sensor. The control unit activates the pneumatic system to prepare the sample and provide it ...

Electrochemical carbon dioxide sensor

Electrochemical sensors for measuring an amount or concentration of CO ...

PROCESSING CARTRIDGE FOR PORTABLE DRUG TESTING SYSTEM

A cartridge for sample preparation includes an inlet configured to receive a collected sample, a phase transfer assembly including a plurality of bead layers, and an outlet. The collected sample is configured to be transferred through the bead layers of the phase transfer assembly to extract a compound therefrom. The outlet is configured to transfer the extracted compound to a detector for analysis of the extracted compound.

ANALYTE MEASUREMENT

A method for configuring a device to determine a concentration of an analyte, the method using a plurality of m fluid samples, each fluid sample of the m fluid samples having a corresponding known analyte concentration, the method comprising: for each fluid sample of the m fluid samples: generating an output signal from the fluid sample; recording values of the output signal over time; and modelling at least a subset of the recorded values of the output signal using n basis functions to obtain n coefficients, each coefficient being associated with a corresponding basis function, the n basis functions and n coefficients representing the output signal for the subset; performing a statistical analysis of the mxn coefficients and corresponding known analyte concentrations to determine a set of n parameters from which an analyte concentration can be estimated based on a set of n coefficients obtained for a fluid sample for which the analyte concentration is unknown; and storing the set of n ...

MAGNESIUM SENSING MEMBRANE FOR POTENTIOMETRIC ION SELECTIVE ELECTRODE FOR MEASURING IONIZED MAGNESIUM AND METHODS OF PRODUCTION AND USE THEREOF

A magnesium sensing membrane is disclosed for use in a potentiometric ion selective electrode that exhibits improved stability upon exposure to surfactant-containing reagents. Kits containing same are disclosed, along with methods of production and use of the magnesium sensing membrane.

FLUID ANALYZER FOR MEASURING A TARGET ANALYTE AND METHOD OF CALIBRATING AN AMPEROMETRIC SENSOR

A control system for a fluid analyzer is described. The control system has a processor executing processor executable code to: control a potentiostat to apply a first voltage potential sufficient to induce a first electrochemical reaction of a target analyte or a reaction byproduct of the target analyte in a sample of the calibration reagent and receive a first reading from the potentiostat; control the potentiostat to apply a second voltage potential insufficient to induce a second electrochemical reaction of the target analyte or a reaction byproduct of the target analyte in the sample of the calibration reagent and receive a second reading from the potentiostat; calculate calibration parameters using the first reading, the second reading and a multi-point calibration algorithm; and measure a target analyte concentration within the fluid sample using the calibration parameters.

METHOD FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL ANALYSIS BY USE OF ALTERNATING OUTPUT SIGNALS FROM TWO ELECTRODES

Devices and methods for determining one or more analyte concentrations in a sample, determining a sample type, and/or accounting for interference species in a sample are disclosed that include intertwining a first input signal, via a first electrode having a reagent, with a second input signal, via a second electrode lacking a reagent, by applying to the sample the first input signal having at least two excitations and a relaxation, and applying to the sample the second input signal having at least two excitations and a relaxation, such that the excitations of the first input signal are nonconcurrent with the excitations of the second input signal. The method further includes measuring a first output signal responsive to the first input signal and a second output signal responsive to the second input signal.

CAPACITANCE DETECTION IN ELECTROCHEMICAL ASSAY

A method and system are provided to determine fill sufficiency of a biosensor test chamber by determining capacitance of the test chamber.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MOBILE DEVICE ANALYSIS OF NUCLEIC ACIDS AND PROTEINS

A portable system for extracting, optionally amplifying, and detecting nucleic acids or proteins using a compact integrated chip in combination with a mobile device system for analyzing detected signals, and comparing and distributing the results via a wireless network. Related systems and methods are provided.

METHOD FOR THE DETECTION AND QUANTIFICATION OF ANALYTES USING THREE-DIMENSIONAL PAPER-BASED DEVICES

Described herein are three-dimensional (3-D) paper fluidic devices. The entire 3-D device is fabricated on a support layer formed from a single sheet of material and assembled by folding the support layer. The folded structure may be enclosed in an impermeable cover or package. Chemically sensitive particles may be disposed in the support layer for use in detecting analytes.

MICROELECTRODES AND THEIR USE IN CATHODIC ELECTROCHEMICAL CURRENT ARRANGEMENT WITH TELEMETRIC APPLICATION

This invention relates to a microelectrode comprising graphite, oil and, additionally, a com- pound selected from the group of lipids, glycolip- ids, lipoproteins, fatty acids, fatty acid derivatives, any water insoluble species and perfluorosulfonat- ed compounds and salts thereof. This invention al- so relates to a method for using the microelectrode, a device that may be employed with the microelec- trode, a method for making the microelectrode, and a method for using the device with the microelec- trode.

METHOD FOR DIAGNOSING ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE

A method is provided for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease using human blood platelets wherein the presence or absence of functioning calcium-dependent potassium channels in blood platelets are determined by employing potassium channel blockers such as apamin or charybdotoxin, the absence of functioning calcium-dependent potassium channels indicating a positive diagnosis for Alzheimer's disease.

MUCH SLOINYI GEL

СПОСОБ ЭКСПРЕСС-ДИАГНОСТИКИ ФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ОБЪЕКТА И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ

... 1. Способ диагностики физиологического состояния биологического объекта, включающий забор пробы биологической жидкости у биологического объекта и помещение ее в ячейку (1) для анализа, пропускание тока через ячейку (1) для анализа с биологической жидкостью от перестраиваемого по частоте и амплитуде генератора (2) и измерение проводимости Y1 пробы биологической жидкости, по которой судят о физиологическом состоянии биологического объекта, отличающийся тем, что забор пробы биологической жидкости у биологического объекта производят после его выхода из состояния покоя и пробуждения от сна, дополнительно используют эталон (12) биологической жидкости, пропускают ток той же частоты и амплитуды через эталон (12) биологической жидкости и измеряют его проводимость Yэ, поддерживая постоянство температур эталона и ячейки (1) для анализа с биологической жидкостью, сравнивают проводимости Y1 и Yэ путем определения отношения N1= Y1/Yэ, и при величине N1меньше 1 судят о нормальном состоянии биологического ...

Methods, devices, and systems for measuring physical properties of fluid

Disclosed herein are devices for measuring, at one or more time points, one or more properties or changes in properties, such as the viscosity or the density, of a fluid sample, such as blood. The devices may comprise a chamber defining an internal volume of the device suitable for receiving and retaining the fluid sample; a plurality of layers, the plurality comprising at least a first layer (301) below the chamber, at least a second layer (309) above the chamber, and a substrate layer (305) between the first and second layers. The multi-layered device can be formed as a disposable test strip. The substrate layer (305) is linked to at least one suspended vibrating element (101) located within the chamber; the suspended element (101) is linked to the substrate layer by at least two compliant structures (102) located within the chamber; and the suspended element (101) is configured to oscillate upon application of an actuating current to at least one electrically conductive path (103), which ...

Cell-substrate impedance monitoring of cancer cells

BIOMATERIAL DETECTOR OR CHEMICAL AND STAMPS DETECTORS CORRESPONDING

L'invention concerne un détecteur de matière biologique ou chimique, comprenant un transistor MOS dont la région de canal (30) est insérée entre des grilles isolées supérieure (32) et inférieure (25), la grille isolée supérieure comprenant une couche de détection adaptée à générer une charge à l'interface de la grille isolée supérieure et de son isolant de grille, l'épaisseur de l'isolant de grille supérieure (34) étant inférieure à l'épaisseur de l'isolant de grille inférieure (23) .

ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSOR TO MEASURE HEMOGLOBIN AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

The present invention relates to an electrochemical sensor to measure hemoglobin, and a manufacturing method thereof. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the electrochemical sensor to measure hemoglobin is able to be utilized to measure hemoglobin levels as a basic test of blood by measuring a concentration of hemoglobin. In addition, the electrochemical sensor to measure hemoglobin is able to also widely be used to diagnose diseases caused by hemoglobin deficiency, such as anemia. Moreover, the electrochemical sensor to measure hemoglobin is able to measure hemoglobin in trace amounts of a sample with high accuracy and quickly by measuring the concentration of hemoglobin using a potential difference. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2017 ...

생물학적 시료의 산화-환원 전위의 측정 및 사용하는 방법 및 시스템

... 생물학적 시료(biological sample)의 산화-환원(oxidation-reduction) 특성을 측정 및 사용하기 위한 방법 및 시스템을 제공한다. 시스템은 일반적으로 실험 스트립(test strip) 및 판독 장치(readout device)를 포함한다. 유체(fluid) 시료를 실험 스트립에 배치하고, 실험 스트립은 동작 가능하게 판독 장치에 차례로 연결된다. 판독 장치는 시료 챔버(chamber) 내의 유체를 통해 전송되는 제어된 전류를 제공한다. 또한, 판독 장치는 실험 스트립의 접점 간 전압이 높은 속도로 변화되는 변곡점(inflection point) 또는 전이 시간(transition time)을 식별한다. 시료의 산화-환원 용량은 식별되는 전환 시간에 시료로 공급되기 시작하는 시간으로부터 현재 프로파일(profile) 일체로 한다.

BIOSENSOR PACKAGE STRUCTURE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

Device and method for self-referenced confidence test

A system and method of providing a confidence test in one embodiment includes determining a first quality metric based upon a first and a second test environment wherein the second test environment is different from the first test environment, exposing a sample to a plurality of test sites, establishing the first test environment at a first of the plurality of test sites, establishing the second test environment at a second test site, obtaining a first detection signal associated with the first of the plurality of test sites exposed to the sample and at the first test environment, obtaining a second detection signal associated with the second of the plurality of test sites exposed to the sample and at the second test environment, determining a second quality metric based upon the first detection signal and the second detection signal, and comparing the second quality metric with the first quality metric.

Diagnostic device and method for sensing hydration state of a mammalian subject

Timed sensing of collection of saliva in a liquid collection element of predetermined volumetric capacity may be used to determine salivary secretion rate, as may be indicative of state of euhydration or dehydration. Sensing of salivary flow rate may be further augmented by sensing concentration of at least one analyte in saliva (e.g., with an immunochromatographic assay performed in a lateral flow device) in order to determine a state of euhydration or dehydration. Production of saliva may be stimulated, and collected saliva may be analyzed to generate an analyte detection signal that indicative of presence and/or correlative of concentration of at least one analyte in the collected saliva to sense a state of euhydration or dehydration.

Polymeric device suitable for ultraviolet detection

The present invention relates to a flow cell ( 10 ) comprising a fluid inlet ( 16 ) and a fluid outlet ( 18 ) separated by a sample flow-through chamber ( 12 ) comprising at least one UV-transparent window ( 22 ′), wherein the at least one UV-transparent window ( 22 ′) is made of a polymer material and has been subjected to Gamma radiation sterilisation. In one aspect, the flow cell is combustible.

LAB-ON-A-CHIP DEVICE, FOR INSTANCE FOR USE OF THE ANALYSIS OF SEMEN

The invention provides a lab-on-a-chip device comprising a micro channel for a fluid, wherein the micro channel comprises a circumferential channel wall, wherein the channel wall comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, and a floating third electrode. The device can be used in a method for the analysis of an analyte fluid comprising flowing the analyte fluid through the channel of the electronic lab-on-a-chip device by measuring an electric signal between the first and the second electrode, especially measuring the electrical impedance between the first electrode and the second electrode. This may be used for instance for the analyses of mammalian semen. 1. A lab-on-a-chip device comprising a micro channel for a fluid , the micro channel comprising a first micro channel and a second micro channel , wherein the micro channel comprises a circumferential channel wall with the first micro channel comprising a circumferential first channel wall and the second micro channel comprising a circumferential second channel wall , wherein the channel wall comprises a first electrode , a second electrode , and a floating third electrode , wherein the first channel wall comprises the first electrode , the second channel wall comprises the second electrode , and wherein both the first channel wall and the second channel wall comprise the floating third electrode.2. The lab-on-a-chip device according to claim 1 , wherein at locations of the first and the second electrode the micro channel has a channel width and channel height in the range of 0.1-500 μm claim 1 , especially in the range of 5-50 μm claim 1 , preferably wherein at the locations of the first and the second electrode the micro channel has a channel width in the range of 1-500 μm claim 1 , and a channel height in the range of 0.1-300 μm claim 1 , especially a channel width and channel height in the range of 2-200 μm.3. The lab-on-a-chip device according to claim 1 , wherein the first electrode and the second ...

METHOD FOR DETERMINING AGE OF GINSENG ROOTS USING CHROMATOGRAMPHY-MASS SPECTROSCOPY

Disclosed is a method for determining the age of ginseng roots using chromatography-mass spectroscopy. It comprises: extracting a metabolome from a ginseng sample; subjecting the metabolome to liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC/MS) or gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) to afford an analysis result; converting the LC/MS or GC/MS analysis result to statistically accessible data; and performing a statistical analysis of the data to determine the age of ginseng sample. Based on the metabolite fingerprinting of metabolomics, the method can determine the exact age of ginseng roots from a very small amount of roots within a short time in a non-destructive manner with minimal damage to the roots. 1. A method for determining an age of ginseng roots using chromatography-mass spectroscopy , comprising:extracting a metabolome from a ginseng sample;subjecting the metabolome to liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC/MS) to afford an analysis result;converting the LC/MS analysis result to statistically accessible data; andperforming a statistical analysis of the data to determine the age of ginseng sample.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the statistical analysis is principal component analysis (PCA) or hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA).3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ginseng sample is a taproot and is used to determine the ages of 1- to 3-year-old ginseng roots.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ginseng sample is a hairy root and is used to determine the ages of 4- to 6-year-old ginseng roots.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising executing feature selection to select and analyze an influential and significant metabolite of different ages among the metabolome.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the ginseng sample is a taproot and the feature selection is executed using PLS-DA (Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis) to select and analyze a metabolite whereby the ages of 4- to 6-year-old ginseng roots can be determined.7. The method ...

Test chip and test chip unit incorporated with test chip

The present invention is characterized in being provided with a chip main body, which is provided with a flow channel having the end portion thereof opened in the surface, and a sheet-like sealing member, which brings the inside of the flow channel into a hermetically closed state by covering at least the opening in the surface of the chip main body. The present invention is also characterized in that in the sealing member, a plurality of sheets are laminated, said sheets including a first sheet, which has ductility and elasticity such that the first sheet can be penetrated by means of a nozzle member, and a second sheet having ductility lower than that of the first sheet, the sheets adjacent to each other are bonded with an adhesive agent or a cohesive agent, and that the second sheet is positioned further toward the chip main body side than the first sheet.

PORTABLE DIELECTRIC SPECTROSCOPY DEVICE

A portable DS device includes a device housing, device—side electrical contacts, a computing system and a removable sensor receiver assembly. The device housing includes a removable sensor receiver compartment. The device—side electrical contacts are positioned in or adjacent to the removable sensor receiver compartment. The computing system is in communication with the device—side electrical contacts and includes an impedance analyzer. The removable sensor receiver assembly includes a removable sensor receiver housing selectively receivable in and removable from the removable sensor receiver compartment. The removable sensor receiver housing includes a fluid sensing apparatus receiving section that receives a fluid sensing apparatus in which a fluid to be tested is loaded. The removable sensor receiver assembly provides for an electrical connection between the associated fluid sensing apparatus and the device—side electrical contact when the removable sensor receiver housing is received in the removable sensor receiver compartment. 1. A portable dielectric spectroscopy (DS) device comprising:a device housing including a removable sensor receiver compartment;at least one device—side electrical contact positioned in or adjacent to the removable sensor receiver compartment;a computing system in the device housing, in communication with the at least one device—side electrical contact and including an impedance analyzer; anda removable sensor receiver assembly including a removable sensor receiver housing configured to be received in the removable sensor receiver compartment and including a sensing apparatus receiving section configured to receive an associated sensing apparatus in which a fluid sample to be tested is loaded and to provide for an electrical connection between the associated sensing apparatus and the at least one device—side electrical contact when the removable sensor receiver housing is received in the removable sensor receiver compartment.2. The ...

METHOD FOR DETECTION OF ADENOSINE AND METABOLITES THEREOF

This invention relates is a label-free, enzyme-free, aptamer-free method for simultaneously measuring adenosine, and its intracellular metabolites, e.g., AMP, ADP and ATP, using high pressure liquid chromatography coupled to electrochemical detector (HPLC-ECD). 1. A method for simultaneously detecting adenosine , and its metabolites in a biological sample , comprising(i) separating the components of a biological sample by reversed phase high pressure liquid chromatography under isocratic elution conditions;(ii) collecting fractions; and(iii) simultaneously detecting the levels of adenosine, and metabolites thereof, in each fraction with a coulometric electrochemical detector.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of comparing the detected levels of adenosine claim 1 , and metabolites thereof claim 1 , with a standard curve to quantitate the amount of adenosine claim 1 , and metabolites thereof claim 1 , present in the biological sample.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (i) is carried out under acidic conditions.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (i) is carried out with a mobile phase containing sodium perchlorate and acetonitrile at a pH in the range of 2 to 4.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metabolites comprise adenosine monophosphate claim 1 , adenosine diphosphate claim 1 , and adenosine triphosphate.6. A method for simultaneously detecting adenosine claim 1 , and its metabolites claim 1 , in a biological sample claim 1 , consisting of:(i) separating the components of a biological sample by reversed phase high pressure liquid chromatography under isocratic elution conditions;(ii) collecting fractions;(iii) simultaneously detecting the levels of adenosine, and metabolites thereof, in each fraction with a coulometric electrochemical detector; and(iv) comparing the detected levels of adenosine, and metabolites thereof, with a standard curve to quantitate the amount of adenosine, and metabolites thereof, present in the biological ...

NANOPOROUS BIOELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS FOR MEASURING REDOX POTENTIAL IN BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES

A bioelectrochemical sensor utilizing a nanoporous gold electrode. The bioelectrochemical sensor is suitable for measuring redox in biologic media while having increased resistance to biofouling as compared to conventional electrodes such as planar gold electrodes, due to greater exposed surface area of the three-dimensional ligature structure defining the nanopores. The nanopores have a pore size of 5-100 nm, preferably with an average pore size of less than 50 nm, and more preferably with an average pore size of less than 20 nm. 1. A bioelectrochemical sensor , comprising: a plurality of gold coated strips;', 'an etched gold leaf disposed over a surface of the plurality of gold coated strips;', 'a strip of TEFLON tape disposed over the etched gold leaf, the TEFLON tape having a hole therethrough positioned over the etched gold leaf; and, 'a first electrode including a nanoporous precious metal, the nanoporous precious metal of the first electrode being nanoporous gold, the first electrode including'}a reference electrode.2. (canceled)3. The bioelectrochemical sensor of claim 1 , the pores of the nanoporous precious metal of the first electrode having a pore size of 100 nm or less.4. The bioelectrochemical sensor of claim 3 , the nanoporous precious metal of the first electrode having an average pore size of less than 50 nm.5. The bioelectrochemical sensor of claim 3 , the nanoporous precious metal of the first electrode having an average pore size of less than 20 nm.6. The bioelectrochemical sensor of claim 1 , further comprising a counter electrode.7. The bioelectrochemical sensor of claim 1 , the reference electrode being a silver/silver chloride electrode.8. The bioelectrochemical sensor of claim 6 , the counter electrode being platinum.9. The bioelectrochemical sensor of claim 1 , in combination with a block having a microfluidic channel therein claim 1 , the microfluidic channel including a portion aligned with an exposed nanoporous region of the first ...

Injection device, semiconductor testing system and its testing method

An injection device is disclosed herein. The injection device is utilized to inject a liquid onto a test area of a semiconductor element. The injection device includes a base, a reservoir, a first testing pipe, a cleaning pipe and a liquid-draining pipe. The reservoir set on the base is provided with at least one connecting port and a dropping port, wherein the dropping port is against the test area of the semiconductor element. The first testing pipe, the cleaning pipe and the liquid-draining pipe are connected to at least one connecting port, wherein a first liquid is injected from the first testing pipe into the reservoir, and wherein the a cleaning liquid is injected from the cleaning pipe into the reservoir to clean the reservoir and the test area. The dropping port is utilized to drain off the first testing liquid and the cleaning liquid in the reservoir. A semiconductor testing system utilizing the injection device and its testing method are also provided herein.

Heating element for sensor array

In the various illustrative embodiments herein, test devices are described with opposing sensor arrays, same side contacts, and an integrated heating element.

SWEAT ELECTROLYTE LOSS MONITORING DEVICES

Embodiments of the disclosed invention provide devices and methods to incorporate suspension-based, i.e., hydrogel-based and thixotropic compound-based, ion-selective electrodes and reference electrodes into a wearable sweat sensing device. Embodiments of this device are configured to monitor sweat electrolyte concentrations, trends, and ratios under demanding use conditions. The accompanying method includes use of the disclosed device to track fluid and electrolyte gain and loss in order to produce an electrolyte estimate, such as a sweat electrolyte concentration, a sweat electrolyte concentration trend, a sweat rate, or a concentration ratio between a plurality of electrolytes. 1. A sweat sensing device configured to be worn on an individual's skin , and that provides sweat electrolyte loss monitoring , comprising:one or more ion selective electrode sensors for measuring a characteristic of an analyte in a sweat sample;a reference electrode, wherein the reference electrode includes an electrode, a first suspension material containing a reference salt, a second suspension material containing a bridge salt, a reference port, and a reference membrane; and where the electrode is in fluidic communication with the first suspension material, the first suspension material is in fluidic communication with the second suspension material, the second suspension is in fluidic communication with the reference membrane, and the reference membrane is in fluidic communication with the reference port;a microfluidic channel, wherein said channel allows fluidic communication between the skin, the ion selective electrode sensors, and the reference port;one or more secondary sensors; anda user interface.2. The device of claim 1 , where the user interface is at least one of the following: one or more lights; a visual display; a sound generating component; a haptic component; a touchscreen; one or more buttons; an optical scanner; and a camera.3. The device of claim 1 , where the ion ...

Low sample volume sensing device

In one aspect, the inventive concepts disclosed herein are directed to a sensor assembly which contains a first planar substrate and a second planar substrate which respectively support opposing sensor arrays and contains an integrated flow path extending between the first and second substrates.

Nitrite detection device for detecting nitrite concentration

Present invention relates to a nitrite detection device comprising of an electrochemical test strip and a colorimetric test paper, said electrochemical test strip is consisting of an insulating substrate and an electrochemical detection structure placed in the insulating substrate. When a fluid sample enters the sensing region and detecting region of the electrochemical detection structure, it will undergo an electrochemical reaction. Detecting the change of the electric signals to accurately calculate the nitrite concentration in the fluid sample, while examining whether a positive nitrite response is present by using the colorimetric test paper. Present invention discloses a combined nitrite detection device that has the advantages of real-time semi-quantification and accurate quantification of nitrite concentration via electrochemical reaction. 1. A nitrite detection device comprising of:an electrochemical test strip and a colorimetric test paper, said electrochemical test strip is installed in the electrochemical measurement region of the nitrite detection device, said colorimetric test paper is installed in the visual colorimetric region of the nitrite detection device, whereinsaid electrochemical test strip is consisting of:an insulating substrate which has a first surface and a second surface said second surface is on the back of the first surface;an electrochemical detection structure which is installed on the first surface of said insulating substrate and is consisting of a detecting region, a sensing region and a conductive region located between the detecting region and the sensing region;a first reaction layer which covers the sensing region and is coated with a first reactive material, said first reactive material is consisting of a buffer solution and a nitrite reactive substance, anda second reaction layer which covers the sensing region and is coated with a second reactive material, said second reactive material is consisting of a surfactant and an ...

ELECTROCHEMICAL OSMOLARITY OR OSMOLALITY SENSOR FOR CLINICAL ASSESSMENT

Osmolality and osmolality sensors and methods utilizing electrochemical impedance to detect changes in impedance to varying salinity concentrations. By way of example, the impedance reported at the specified frequency varies logarithmically with the concentration of sodium chloride subject to the sensor surface. Measurements obtained by the sensors and methods herein are utilized, for example, to differentiate between the clinical stages of dry eye disease (290-316 mOsm/L) to complement the current diagnostic procedures. Blood serum, urinalysis, and saliva also may be tested and the corresponding osmolarity or osmolality level evaluated for indications of a disease or condition. 1. A method for collecting and analyzing osmolarity in a bodily fluid , comprising:contacting an absorbent material on a sensor with said bodily fluid, wherein said sensor comprises a substrate and an electrode operably configured to provide an electrochemical impedance measurement of said bodily fluid, andmeasuring an electrochemical impedance of said bodily fluid to determine osmolarity.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said bodily fluid is tear fluid.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising detecting an indication of dry eye claim 2 , wherein dry eye is indicated by a measured osmolarity range of between 290-316 mOsm/L.4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising treating dry eye based on said osmolarity.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein said treating includes one or more of punctal occlusion claim 4 , meibomian gland therapy claim 4 , an ocular anti-inflammatory medication claim 4 , cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion claim 4 , lifitegrast ophthalmic solution claim 4 , or hydroxypropyl cellulose ophthalmic drops.6salvia. The method of claim 1 , wherein said fluid is or urine.7. A method for analyzing osmolality in a bodily fluid sample claim 1 , comprising measuring an electrochemical impedance of said bodily fluid sample with a device to determine osmolality.8. The method of claim ...

Analysis Method and Analysis System

An analysis method using a microchip which is provided with a capillary flow path, and a sample reservoir connected to the capillary flow path, in which the capillary flow path is filled with a first liquid for electrophoresis, and a second liquid containing a sample is stored in the sample reservoir, and including a pressurization process in which the first liquid is pressurized into the capillary flow path from a side of the capillary flow path that is opposite from the side connected to the sample reservoir, and a separation process in which a voltage is applied between the sample reservoir storing the second liquid and the capillary flow path filled with the first liquid, such that components in the sample contained in the second liquid move in the capillary flow path and the components are separated in the capillary flow path. 1. An analysis method using a microchip that is provided with a capillary flow path and a sample reservoir connected to the capillary flow path , in which the capillary flow path is filled with a first liquid for electrophoresis , and a second liquid containing a sample is stored in the sample reservoir , the analysis method comprising:a pressurization process in which the first liquid is pressurized into the capillary flow path from a side of the capillary flow path that is opposite from a side connected to the sample reservoir; anda separation process in which, after the pressurization process, a voltage is applied between the sample reservoir storing the second liquid and the capillary flow path filled with the first liquid, such that components in the sample contained in the second liquid move in the capillary flow path and the components are separated in the capillary flow path.2. The analysis method according to claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , before the pressurization process claim 1 , a confirmation process of confirming continuity between the capillary flow path filled with the first liquid and the sample reservoir storing ...

ELECTRODE DEVICE FOR ANALYZING BIOMATERIAL

Provided is an electrode device for analyzing a biomaterial, which includes: an electrode portion having a plurality of electrodes arranged spaced apart from a plate-shaped substrate and a biomaterial input portion formed on the substrate to be electrically connected to at least one of the plurality of electrodes; a housing having an electrode accommodation portion having one side open and accommodating the electrode portion; a printed circuit board fixed to the housing; a connector portion formed on one end portion of the printed circuit board and electrically and detachably coupled to an analysis apparatus; connection pillars electrically connected to the connector portion and having one end portion fixed to the printed circuit board and the other end portion formed to be in pressure contact with the electrode portion, wherein the connection pillars includes an electrically conductive material and is arranged to correspond to the plurality of electrodes; and an input hole penetrating through an upper surface and a lower surface of the printed circuit board to be in communication with the electrode portion. 1. An electrode device for analyzing a biomaterial , the electrode device comprising:an electrode portion having a plurality of electrodes arranged spaced apart from a plate-shaped substrate and a biomaterial input portion formed on the substrate to be electrically connected to at least one of the plurality of electrodes;a housing having an electrode accommodation portion having one side open and accommodating the electrode portion;a printed circuit board fixed to the housing;a connector portion formed on one end portion of the printed circuit board and electrically and detachably coupled to an analysis apparatus;connection pillars electrically connected to the connector portion and having one end portion fixed to the printed circuit board and the other end portion formed to be in pressure contact with the electrode portion, wherein the connection pillars ...

Wafer level sequencing flow cell fabrication

A method for forming sequencing flow cells can include providing a semiconductor wafer covered with a dielectric layer, and forming a patterned layer on the dielectric layer. The patterned layer has a differential surface that includes alternating first surface regions and second surface regions. The method can also include attaching a cover wafer to the semiconductor wafer to form a composite wafer structure including a plurality of flow cells. The composite wafer structure can then be singulated to form a plurality of dies. Each die forms a sequencing flow cell. The sequencing flow cell can include a flow channel between a portion of the patterned layer and a portion of the cover wafer, an inlet, and an outlet. Further, the method can include functionalizing the sequencing flow cell to create differential surfaces.

MICROFLUIDIC CARTRIDGE AND READER DEVICE, SYSTEM, AND METHOD OF USE

Disposable microfluidic cartridges, potentiostat reader devices, systems, kits, and methods to determine the concentration of analyte reaction products in a patient's specimen, such as: blood, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, joint fluid or tears. The microfluidic cartridges are disposable, paper-based strips comprising multiple assay layers, each layer comprising: a drop zone for receiving a patient specimen; a filter to remove contaminates, and/or isolate assay reactants; a hydrophilic microfluidic channel to direct movement of the specimen down the cartridge; a centered reaction chamber comprising impregnated enzymes and reagents to chemically react with the filtered specimen to produce an analyte; and a detector mechanism. Multiple analytes can be produced in parallel (e.g. one per layer), or sequentially along one layer. The detector mechanism utilizes electro-analytic methods to facilitate the reader device in quantifying each analyte, and each analyte concentration is wirelessly transmitted to an electronic computing device for storage in a patient's medical record. 1. A disposable microfluidic cartridge device for detecting and quantifying the amount of an analyte in a fluid specimen , wherein the microfluidic cartridge device comprises:a. a backing strip providing structural support to one or more assay layers; i. a drop zone for receiving a droplet of a patient specimen;', 'ii. a filter configurable to remove contaminates, and/or to isolate assay reactants;', 'iii. a straight hydrophilic microfluidic channel extending from the filter to a reaction chamber, and from the reaction chamber to a detector mechanism;', 'iv. a reaction chamber comprising impregnated enzymes and reagents to chemically react with the assay reactants to produce one or more analyte reaction products; and,', 'v. a detector mechanism for facilitating a reader device to detect and/or quantify the amount or concentration of the one or more analyte reaction products using electro-analytic ...

DEVICE FOR MEASURING WATER CONTENT

Embodiments concern a high-precision, measurement device operative to measure the water content in media and/or water transport rate by media with high precision and with high dynamic range concerning the flow rate value. Based on a molecular transducer principle, captured water reacts with a reactant characterized by its ability to generate gas as a reaction product. By using an electro-chemical transducing element, an electric signal is generated in accordance with a stoichiometric volume of gas produced and water transferred, which is related to the flow rate of the circulating aqueous solution. 1. A measuring device for measuring water content in a media , comprising:a reactor comprising a reactant gas donor, wherein the reactor is configured to liberate a hydrogen stream having a stoichiometric equivalent to water in the media, the reactant gas donor having an ability to liberate hydrogen gas upon reaction with water; anda transducing element configured to transduce the hydrogen stream into an electrical signal,{'b': '6', 'wherein the reactor is configured such that the reactant gas donor () can be continuously subjected to flow of water-containing media.'}2. The measuring device of claim 1 , further comprising circuitry that is configured to determine a value related to a characteristic of water fluid in accordance with the electrical signal; and an output device configured to output the quantity of the water fluid.3. The measuring device of claim 1 , wherein the water fluid is implemented as liquid claim 1 , gas claim 1 , and/or vapor.4. The measuring device of claim 1 , wherein the reactant gas donor is implemented as metallic or non-metallic hydride.5. The measuring device of claim 4 , wherein the metallic hydride is selected from the group consisting of MgH2 claim 4 , NaAlH4 claim 4 , LiAlH4 claim 4 , LiH claim 4 , LiBH2 claim 4 , and LiBH4.6. The measuring device of claim 5 , wherein the metallic hydride is implemented as CaH2.7. The measuring device of ...

Device and method for unit use sensor testing

An analyte testing material web, method of making the analyte testing material web, and an analyzer are disclosed. The analyte testing material web has a material web and a plurality of distinct sample testing devices. The material web has a first surface, a second surface opposite the first surface, a first side, and a second side. The plurality of sample testing devices are positioned on the first surface of the material web. Each of the plurality of sample testing devices has an inlet, an outlet, a fluid channel, and one or more testing elements within the fluid channel and configured to analyze one or more analyte within a sample applied to the inlet of one of the plurality of sample testing devices.

Modular Reservoir Assembly for a Hemodialysis and Hemofiltration System

The present specification discloses a dialysis system having a reservoir module with a reservoir housing defining an internal space, a surface located within the internal space for supporting a container that contains dialysate, and a conductivity sensor located within the internal space, where the conductivity sensor has a coil, a capacitor in electrical communication with the coil, and an energy source in electrical communication with the circuit.

Extracting parameters for analyte concentration determination

A method of determining glucose values during continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) measurements includes providing a CGM device including a sensor, a memory, and a processor; applying a constant voltage potential to the sensor; measuring a primary current signal resulting from the constant voltage potential and storing the measured primary current signal in the memory; applying a probing potential modulation sequence to the sensor; measuring probing potential modulation current signals resulting from the probing potential modulation sequence and storing measured probing potential modulation current signals in the memory; determining an initial glucose concentration based on a conversion function and a ratio of measured probing potential modulation current signals; determining a connection function value based on the primary current signal and a plurality of the probing potential modulation current signals; and determining a final glucose concentration based on the initial glucose concentration and the connection function value. Other aspects are disclosed.

Non-steady-state determination of analyte concentration for continuous glucose monitoring by potential modulation

A method of determining glucose values during continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) measurements includes providing a CGM device including a sensor, a memory, and a processor; applying a constant voltage potential to the sensor; measuring a primary current signal resulting from the constant voltage potential and storing the measured primary current signal in the memory; applying a probing potential modulation sequence to the sensor; measuring probing potential modulation current signals resulting from the probing potential modulation sequence and storing measured probing potential modulation current signals in the memory; determining an initial glucose concentration based on a conversion function and a measured probing potential modulation current signal; determining a connection function value based on the primary current signal and a plurality of the probing potential modulation current signals; and determining a final glucose concentration based on the initial glucose concentration and the connection function value. Other aspects are disclosed.

Device and method for secondary dental caries diagnosis

A device for secondary caries detection characterized in that it contains a current generating block in its casing ( 6 ), advantageously equipped with the high linearity amplifiers, the current having the form of sinusoidally varying signal, advantageously with one frequency chosen from the range of frequencies from 200 Hz to 100 kHz and amplitude from 50 mV to 5 V; a block of preamplifiers ( 4 ), advantageously of high sensitivity and linearity with phase-sensitive detectors measuring components, advantageously with one frequency chosen from the range of frequencies from 200 Hz to 100 kHz as well as its multiples, advantageously integral in principle; microprocessor control unit ( 5 ), advantageously with a miniature keyboard and display unit, and at least one fixed electrode ( 2 ) placed on mucous membrane of the oral cavity and at least one moveable electrode to be mounted on a tooth ( 1 ).

VENTED MICROFLUIDIC RESERVOIRS

Vented microfluidic reservoirs can include a housing and a vent coupled to the housing to vent air associated with a fluid sample communicated into the housing to an environment surrounding a microfluidic device coupled to the housing. 1. A microfluidic device , comprising:a microfluidic chip comprising a fluid receiving structure, a channel, a sensor in the channel, and a nozzle; and a housing coupled to the microfluidic chip to provide fluid communication of a fluid sample from the fluid receiving structure through the channel by the sensor via the nozzle into the housing; and', 'a vent coupled to the housing to vent air associated with the fluid sample communicated into the housing to an environment surrounding the microfluidic device., 'a vented microfluidic reservoir including2. The microfluidic device of claim 1 , where the vent is coupled to the housing by a vent tube.3. The microfluidic device of claim 2 , where the vent tube is separate and distinct from the channel.4. The microfluidic device of claim 1 , where the housing is located on an opposing side of the microfluidic chip relative to the fluid receiving structure.5. The microfluidic device of claim 1 , where the housing is integral with the microfluidic chip.6. The microfluidic device of claim 1 , where an actuator is associated with the nozzle to cause flow of the fluid sample into the housing.7. A microfluidic device claim 1 , comprising:a fluid receiving structure to receive a fluid sample;a sensor in a channel between the fluid receiving structure and a vented microfluidic reservoir, where the vented microfluidic reservoir includes a housing and a vent coupled to the housing; andan actuator associated with an ejection nozzle to cause flow of the fluid sample from the channel into the vented microfluidic reservoir.8. The microfluidic device of claim 7 , where the fluid receiving structure has a volume that is less than a volume of the vented microfluidic reservoir.9. The microfluidic device of ...

GEL FOR SENSOR AND SENSOR

A gel for a sensor characterized by including a stimulus-responsive gel which expands or contracts in response to a given stimulus, and an electrically conductive substance which is included in the stimulus-responsive gel. 1. A gel for a sensor , characterized by comprising:a stimulus-responsive gel which expands or contracts in response to a given stimulus; andan electrically conductive substance which is included in the stimulus-responsive gel.2. The gel for a sensor according to claim 1 , wherein as the electrically conductive substance claim 1 , electrically conductive particles which are dispersed in the stimulus-responsive gel are included.3. The gel for a sensor according to claim 2 , wherein the electrically conductive particles are particles subjected to a surface treatment for improving the dispersibility in the stimulus-responsive gel.4. The gel for a sensor according to claim 2 , wherein the average particle diameter of the electrically conductive particles is 10 nm or more and 1000 μm or less.5. The gel for a sensor according to claim 2 , wherein the content of the electrically conductive particles with respect to 100 parts by volume of the stimulus-responsive gel when the stimulus-responsive gel is in an expanded state is 0.1 parts by volume or more and 65 parts by volume or less.6. The gel for a sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the gel for a sensor is provided with a recessed portion in a region coming into contact with an electrode.7. The gel for a sensor according to claim 6 , wherein in the recessed portion claim 6 , the electrically conductive substance and the electrode are in contact with each other.8. The gel for a sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the electrical resistivity of the electrically conductive substance is 1.0×10Ω·m or less.9. The gel for a sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the electrically conductive substance is constituted by a material containing one member or two or more members selected from the group consisting ...

SENSOR HEAD FOR USE WITH IMPLANTABLE DEVICES

The present invention provides a sensor head for use in an implantable device that measures the concentration of an analyte in a biological fluid which includes: a non-conductive body; a working electrode, a reference electrode and a counter electrode, wherein the electrodes pass through the non-conductive body forming an electrochemically reactive surface at one location on the body and forming an electronic connection at another location on the body, further wherein the electrochemically reactive surface of the counter electrode is greater than the surface area of the working electrode; and a multi-region membrane affixed to the nonconductive body and covering the working electrode, reference electrode and counter electrode. In addition, the present invention provides an implantable device including at least one of the sensor heads of the invention and methods of monitoring glucose levels in a host utilizing the implantable device of the invention. 1. A sensor for use in a glucose measuring device , the sensor comprising:a first electrode, a second electrode, and a non-conductive body located between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode each form an electrochemically reactive surface at one end of the sensor and an electronic connection at another end of the sensor; anda multi-region membrane covering the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the multi-region membrane comprises an immobilized enzyme domain comprising an enzyme in at least a portion thereof, wherein the multi-region membrane comprises a glucose exclusion domain that is permeable to oxygen and interferes with glucose transport across said membrane, and wherein said glucose exclusion domain does not cover the working electrode.2. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the multi-region membrane further comprises an interference domain more proximal to said electrochemically reactive surfaces than said glucose exclusion domain.3. The ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CODING DIAGNOSTIC METERS

A system for diagnostic testing may include a meter for performing a diagnostic test on a sample applied to a test media, the meter having a housing and an interface for receiving a signal representing coding information, and a container configured to contain test media compatible with the meter, the container having a coding element associated therewith. Additionally, the system may provide a mechanism for removing the meter from an interconnected test container and reattaching it to a new container using on-container coding methods that can recalibrate the meter for the new container of test strips. 1. A system for diagnostic testing comprising:a housing having a test media port and housing a diagnostic meter, wherein the diagnostic meter is a glucose meter;a plurality of test media compatible with the diagnostic meter, each test media of the plurality of test media having a first end and a second end, the first end having a width and a height, wherein a width and a height of the test media port is approximately equal to the width and the height of the first end such that the first end is insertable into the diagnostic meter through the test media port in the housing for performing a diagnostic test on a sample at the second end; and 'wherein at least one of the housing and the container comprises a top mount attachment configured to releasably attach the housing to the container.', 'a container having an open interior volume, the plurality of test media being housed in the open interior volume permitting contact between the plurality of test media,'}2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the top mount attachment is configured to releasably mount the housing to the top end of the container.3. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the top mount attachment comprises at least one lock protruding from the housing and at least one corresponding protrusion protruding from at least a portion of a lip of the container claim 1 , each lock configured to slidably ...

Single-input multiple output nanomaterial based gas sensor

A single input multiple output nanomaterial based gas sensor having multiple terminals situated on a single sensor device, providing a N(N−1)/2 measurements for a single device. Resistance is measured from any arbitrary pair of electrodes; repeating the measurements for all combinations of electrode pairs creates the data set. The gas sensor response is the ratio of resistance shift over the initial resistance (Rt−Ro)/Ro, where Rt and Ro are resistance upon gas exposure and initial resistance, respectively. The sensor response time is the time needed to reach a stable output signal when an external stimulus is introduced.

CONDUCTING PACKAGE STRUCTURE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

A strip for an electronic device senses a liquid sample. The strip includes a substrate having a first surface, a plurality of protrusions disposed on the first surface, and each having a width, and a hydrophilic layer having a layer surface disposed on the first surface and the plurality of protrusions, and having a second surface opposite to the layer surface, whereby the liquid sample and the second surface have a contact angle therebetween ranging from 2 to 85 degrees when the liquid sample is disposed on the hydrophilic layer. 1. A strip for an electronic device configured to sense a liquid sample , comprising:a substrate having a first surface;a plurality of protrusions disposed on the first surface, and each having a width; anda hydrophilic layer having a layer surface disposed on the first surface and the plurality of protrusions, and having a second surface opposite to the layer surface, whereby the liquid sample and the second surface have a contact angle therebetween ranging from 2 to 85 degrees when the liquid sample is disposed on the hydrophilic layer.2. A strip as claimed in claim 1 , wherein any adjacent two of the plurality of protrusions have a distance therebetween ranging from 0.5 to 100 times of the width claim 1 , and each of the plurality of protrusions has a median height ranging from 1.5 to 50 micrometers claim 1 , and the width is about 10 micrometers.3. A strip as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the contact angle therebetween ranges from 2 to 85 degrees when a viscosity of the liquid sample ranges from 1 to 10000 times of that of a pure water.4. A strip as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of protrusions has a shape of one of a cylinder claim 1 , a triangular and a square column.5. A strip as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the plurality of protrusions form one of a cylinder array and a square-column array on the first surface.6. A strip as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the hydrophilic layer is formed of a conductive material.6. ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING DIELECTROPHORESIS CROSSOVER FREQUENCIES

The present invention provides a new method for accurately identifying DEP cross-over frequencies of one or more particles in a sample, and quickly and efficiently conveying that information to assist in the separation, e.g., DEP separation, or analysis of the one of more particles under examination or investigation. The present invention also provides an apparatus and method for monitoring the dielectrophoretic response of one or more particles and determining the DEP cross-over frequency of particles of interest. 1. A method for determining a dielectrophoretic cross-over frequency of a target particle comprising:applying an electric field from a source to a sample containing a target particle;identifying a path of movement of the particle away from an electric field source;adjusting the electric field so that the particle approximately pauses movement;adjusting the electric field so that the particle changes direction and moves generally toward the electric field source; andidentifying the frequency of dielectrophoretic cross-over of the particle.2. A method according to wherein the path of movement of the particle creates an angle with respect to the electric field source.3. A method according to wherein the angle is a reflex angle.4. A method according to wherein the reflex angle is manually measured and is an angle of from about 270 degrees to about 360 degrees.5. A method according to wherein an image of the path of movement of the particle is recorded.6. A method according to wherein the reflex angle is manually measured by tracing the path of movement of the particle on the image.7. A method according to wherein the electric field source comprises an electrode and the path of movement of the particle creates a reflex angle of from about 270 degrees to about 360 degrees with respect to the electrode and an image of the path of movement of the particle is recorded.8. A method according to wherein the reflex angle is measured by tracing the path of movement of ...

RAPID SMALL VOLUME DETECTION OF BLOOD AMMONIA

A method for measuring ammonia in a blood sample may involve positioning the blood sample in proximity with an ammonia gas sensor, generating a current with the ammonia gas sensor in response to ammonia gas released from the blood sample, and measuring the current generated by the ammonia gas sensor, using a current measurement member coupled with the ammonia gas sensor. A device for measuring an ammonia level in a blood sample may include a blood sample containment member, an ammonia gas sensor coupled with the blood sample containment member, and a current measurement member coupled with the ammonia gas sensor. The method and device may be used to measure an ammonia level in a blood sample as small as one drop of blood, or approximately 0.05 mL of blood. 1. A method for measuring ammonia in a blood sample , the method comprising:positioning the blood sample in proximity with an ammonia gas sensor;generating a current with the ammonia gas sensor in response to ammonia gas released from the blood sample; andmeasuring the current generated by the ammonia gas sensor, using a current measurement member coupled with the ammonia gas sensor.2. A method as in claim 1 , wherein the ammonia gas sensor comprises an ammonia fuel cell claim 1 , and wherein positioning the blood sample comprises positioning the blood sample in a sealed chamber that surrounds at least part of an anode end of the ammonia fuel cell so that the anode end is exposed to the ammonia gas released from the blood sample.3. A method as in claim 2 , wherein positioning the blood sample further comprises attaching the blood sample containment member to the ammonia fuel cell to form the sealed chamber.4. A method as in claim 3 , wherein attaching the blood sample containment member to the ammonia fuel cell forms at least one aperture in the blood sample containment member to form the sealed chamber.5. A method as in claim 1 , wherein the blood sample comprises no more than about 0.05 mL of blood.6. A method ...

Electrical characteristic measurement apparatus, electrical characteristic measurement system, electrical characteristic measurement method, and program for electrical characteristic measurement for causing computer to implement the method

A technology is provided that enables high accuracy electrical measurement regardless of the performance and/or the like of a measurement device. There is provided an electrical characteristic measurement apparatus, at least including: a measurement unit that measures an electrical characteristic of a biological sample in a plurality of frequencies; and an assignment unit that performs assignment of a number of measurements and/or a measurement amplitude for each frequency. Use of a combination of a frequency for which the SNR is intentionally left low and a frequency for which the SNR is on the contrary improved when an electrical characteristic of a biological sample is measured in multiple frequencies, can provide, as a result, high accuracy electrical measurement optimal for the purpose of measurement.

Analytical Tool and Analytical System

An analytical tool is provided for analysis of a sample by capillary electrophoresis. The analytical tool includes an inlet reservoir into which a sample is introduced, a capillary tube in communication with the inlet reservoir, a filter through which a liquid from the inlet reservoir passes, an enlarged portion undergoing a sudden increase in a cross-sectional area and being in communication with the inlet reservoir and the capillary tube, and a pressure fluctuation reducer for preventing pressure fluctuation at the enlarge portion from affecting a liquid in the capillary tube. 114-. (canceled)15. An analytical tool for analysis of a sample by capillary electrophoresis , the analytical tool comprising:{'claim-text': ['a secondary reservoir having an opening at a bottom of the secondary reservoir;', 'a connection channel connecting the inlet reservoir to the bottom of the secondary reservoir through the opening, wherein the sample is introduced from the inlet reservoir into the secondary reservoir through the connection channel and the opening of the bottom of the secondary reservoir, an area of the bottom being larger than the cross-section area of the connection channel;', 'a flat member which comprises a liquid-permeable porous material and placed on the bottom of the secondary reservoir so as to cover the opening of the secondary reservoir, contacts with the sample reaching to the secondary reservoir, and allows the sample in the connection channel to enter the secondary reservoir; and', 'a capillary tube in communication with the connection channel at a location between the inlet reservoir and the secondary reservoir, wherein a voltage is applied to the capillary tube for causing electrophoresis.'], '#text': 'an inlet reservoir into which a sample is introduced;'}16. The analytical tool according to claim 15 , wherein the flat member covers at least a part of the bottom of the secondary reservoir and allowing gas flow.17. The analytical tool according to claim ...

BIO-REACTIVE SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR VOLTAGE CONTROLLED METABOLISM

Bio-reactive systems for voltage controlled metabolism are described, that include electrochemical-electrostatic systems having a conventional three electrode cell modified with at least one additional gating electrode. The rate of a metabolic process occurring in at least one organism disposed on a working electrode is controllable by applying a gating voltage VG to the at least one gating electrode. A method for voltage controlled metabolism in a bio-reactive electrostatic cell that includes applying a gating voltage VG to at least one gating electrode is also described. The rate of a metabolic process may he controlled by altering at least one of the magnitude and polarity of the applied gating voltage VG. The method for voltage controlled metabolism may further be used to treat cancer and/or increase the rate of ethanol production by fermentation. 1. An electrostatic bio-reactive system for voltage controlled metabolism , comprising:a first electrode, wherein the first electrode comprises a metal, which may be coated with an insulator;{'sub': 'G', 'a second electrode electrically connected through an external voltage source providing Vto the first electrode, wherein the second electrode comprises a metal coated with an insulator; and'}at least one organism that is disposed on the first electrode and/or the second electrode, or is suspended in a solution in the presence of the first electrode and the second electrode, the at least one organism operative to cause metabolism of a metabolic substrate; andthe metabolic substrate;wherein the operation of the system does not involve electric currents;{'sub': 'G', 'wherein the produced voltage Vcontrols the kinetics of a metabolic reaction performed by the at least one organism on the metabolic substrate.'}2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the organism is yeast.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the organism is algae.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the metabolic substrate is a sugar.5. The system of claim 4 , ...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DETERMINING PLATELET CONCENTRATION

Disclosed are a method for determining a platelet concentration of a blood sample, a hematology system () and a storage medium. The method for determining a platelet concentration in a blood sample includes: forming a first suspension by mixing a first aliquot of the blood sample with a diluent; forming a second suspension by mixing a second aliquot of the blood sample with a lytic agent and a fluorescent dye to lyse red blood cells and stain white blood cells; measuring DC impedance signals of the first suspension passing through an aperture; measuring light scatter signals and fluorescent signals of the second suspension passing through an optical flow cell (); analyzing DC impedance signals of the first suspension to obtain a first platelet distribution; analyzing light scatter signals and fluorescent signals of the second suspension to differentiate platelets from white blood cells and to obtain a second platelet distribution; and determining platelet data, such as the platelet concentration of the blood sample using the first and second platelet distributions. 169-. (canceled)70. A method for determining a platelet concentration in a blood sample comprising:mixing a first aliquot of the blood sample with a diluent to form a first suspension;mixing a second aliquot of the blood sample with a lytic agent and a fluorescent dye to lyse red blood cells and stain white blood cells to form a second suspension;measuring DC impedance signals of the first suspension passing through an aperture;measuring light scatter signals and fluorescent signals of the second suspension passing through an optical flow cell;analyzing the DC impedance signals of the first suspension to obtain a first platelet distribution;analyzing the light scatter signals and the fluorescent signals of the second suspension to differentiate platelets from white blood cells and/or nucleated red blood cells and to obtain a second platelet distribution; anddetermining the platelet concentration of the ...

Combination of Single-Cell Electroporation and Electrical Recording Using the Same Electrode

Methods for stimulating exocytosis from a cell are provided where the same electrochemical microelectrode is used to electroporate an adjacent cell and then measure quantal exocytosis from the adjacent cell. Also provided are methods for stimulating and measuring exocytosis from a select cell population arrayed on a chip comprising addressable electrodes. Calcium independent stimulation of exocytosis with inorganic anions such as chloride ions is also provided. These methods can provide for specific stimulation of a desired subset of cells without exposing other nearby cells to the stimulus. 1. A method for stimulating and measuring exocytosis from a cell the method comprising:electrically stimulating said cell with one or more voltage pulses while said cell resides in a drop of solution to provide a voltage gradient in solution surrounding the cell, said solution drop being confined within a well such that said solution drop is sitting on a surface of an electrode located at the bottom of said well and the cell being adjacent to the electrode surface, wherein said electrical stimulation is induced by passing a transient current through said electrode with a potentiostat, the potentiostat modified to include a diode network in parallel configuration with a feedback resistor of the potentiostat to allow for the passage of the transient current; andmeasuring, by said same electrode, a release of an electrochemically active substance from said stimulated cell while said solution drop is sitting on said electrode surface the potentiostat configured to pass a pico-amp level current through said electrode.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:arraying a plurality of cells on a chip, the chip comprising a plurality of addressable electrodes in an array, each electrode of the array having a surface, the plurality of cells residing in a plurality of the solution drops, each of the plurality of solution drops including at least one of the cells, and wherein the ...

SENSOR SYSTEMS, DEVICES, AND METHODS FOR CONTINUOUS GLUCOSE MONITORING

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) may be used in conjunction with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) to enable identification of valid and reliable sensor data, as well implementation of Smart Calibration algorithms. 1. A method of optimizing operation of a glucose sensor , said glucose sensor including physical sensor electronics , a microcontroller , and a working electrode , and being in operational contact with a display device configured to display glucose sensor data to a user , the method comprising:(a) performing, by said microcontroller, an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) procedure to obtain real impedance values for said electrode;(b) filtering, by said microcontroller, said real impedance values;(c) analyzing said real impedance values by said microcontroller to determine whether said values are stable;(d) if said real impedance values are stable, comparing, by said microcontroller, the most-recent real impedance value to a first threshold value;(e) based on said comparison, determining, by said microcontroller, whether said sensor data is valid; and(f) transmitting, by said microcontroller, the glucose sensor data to be displayed on said display device when said data is determined to be valid, and blanking, by said microcontroller, the glucose sensor data to the user when said data is determined to be invalid.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said first threshold value is 10 claim 1 ,000Ω.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the sensor data is determined to be valid if the most-recent real impedance value is less than the first threshold value.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein claim 3 , if the most-recent real impedance value is greater than the first threshold value claim 3 , the method further includes determining claim 3 , by the microcontroller claim 3 , whether said real impedance values have exceeded a second threshold over a period of time.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein said period of time is the past 3 hours.6. The ...

DIGITAL BIOSENSOR

The presently disclosed subject matter relates to a biodetection system centered on the development and optimization of a logistically simple assay for detecting, identifying, and/or quantifying microbial pathogens using an unmodified substrate. Specifically, the disclosed system quantitatively measures target analytes (e.g., bacteria) isolated over a digitally-encoded substrate. Isolated microbes are positioned in specific locations and geometries on the substrate data surface, resulting in a discernible interruption and/or change to data being read from the substrate. The change can be exploited to indicate positive detection and detection counts for one or more specific microbes. 1. A digital biosensor for detecting the presence or amount of one or more analytes in a sample , the digital biosensor comprising:an optically read digital substrate that includes a top face with a layer comprising a data path capable of being read by an optical drive incident upon the layer, wherein the data path is encoded with a baseline data that is static, and wherein the top face is defined by an assay surface used for sample deposition;a cover overlaid on the top face of the digital substrate, wherein the cover is attached to the top face about the perimeter of the digital substrate;wherein the digital biosensor is configured such that an amount of the one or more analytes can be positioned between the top face of the digital substrate and the cover; andwherein the presence, amount, or both of the one or more analytes can be detected by an interruption or change to the baseline data being read from the digital substrate by a digital optical device.2. The digital biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the digital substrate is a digital optical disk.3. The digital biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the analyte is selected from the bacteria claim 1 , viruses claim 1 , fungi claim 1 , spores claim 1 , or combinations thereof.4. The digital biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the digital substrate is ...

Methods and systems for solid phase peptide synthesis

Methods and systems for control of solid phase peptide synthesis are generally described. Control of solid phase peptide synthesis involves the use of feedback from one or more reactions and/or processes (e.g., reagent removal) taking place in the solid phase peptide synthesis system. In some embodiments, a detector may detect one or more fluids flowing across a detection zone of a solid phase peptide synthesis system and one or more signals may be generated corresponding to the fluid(s). For instance, an electromagnetic radiation detector positioned downstream of a reactor may detect a fluid exiting the reactor after a deprotection reactor and produce a signal(s). In some embodiments, based at least in part on information derived from the signal(s), a parameter of the system may be modulated prior to and/or during one or more subsequent reactions and/or processes taking place in the solid phase peptide synthesis system. In some embodiments, the methods and systems, described herein, can be used to conduct quality control to determine and correct problems (e.g., aggregation, truncation, deletion) in reactions (e.g., coupling reactions) taking place in the solid phase peptide synthesis system.

PROGRAMMABLE EPIDERMAL MICROFLUIDIC VALVING SYSTEM FOR WEARABLE BIOFLUID MANAGEMENT AND CONTEXTUAL BIOMARKER ANALYSIS

Active biofluid management may be advantageous to the realization of wearable bioanalytical platforms that can autonomously provide frequent, real-time, and accurate measures of biomarkers in epidermally-retrievable biofluids (e.g., sweat). Accordingly, exemplary implementations include a programmable epidermal microfluidic valving system capable of biofluid sampling, routing, and compartmentalization for biomarker analysis. An exemplary system includes a network of individually-addressable microheater-controlled thermo-responsive hydrogel valves, augmented with a pressure regulation mechanism to accommodate pressure built-up, when interfacing sweat glands. The active biofluid control achieved by this system may be harnessed to create unprecedented wearable bioanalytical capabilities at both the sensor level (decoupling the confounding influence of flow rate variability on sensor response) and the system level (facilitating context-based sensor selection/protection). Through integration with a wireless flexible printed circuit board and seamless bilateral communication with consumer electronics (e.g., smartwatch), contextually-relevant (scheduled/on-demand) on-body biomarker data acquisition/display may be achieved.

DIELECTRIC SPECTROSCOPY SENSING APPARAUS AND METHOD OF USE

A DS sensing apparatus includes a body and electrodes provided on the body. The body defines a test volume between a first surface and an opposing second surface spaced from the first surface a distance that allows a fluid to enter the test volume from a fluid inlet, which is communicatively coupled to the test volume, via capillary action. The electrodes include a first sensing electrode on the first surface and configured to receive an input RF signal, a second sensing electrode on the first surface spaced from the first sensing electrode and configured to deliver an output RF signal and a floating electrode on the second surface. 1. A dielectric spectroscopy (DS) sensing apparatus comprising:a body defining a test volume between a first surface and an opposing second surface spaced from the first surface a distance that allows a fluid to enter the test volume from a fluid inlet, which is communicatively coupled with the test volume, via capillary action; andelectrodes provided on the body including a first sensing electrode on the first surface and configured to receive an input radio frequency (RF) signal, a second sensing electrode on the first surface spaced from the first sensing electrode and configured to deliver an output RF signal, and a floating electrode on the second surface.2. The DS sensing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the body comprises a first body end portion and a second body end portion claim 1 , and the DS sensing apparatus further comprises a cap configured to connect with the first body end portion and the second body end portion.3. The DS sensing apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the cap is removable from the first body end portion when the cap is connected with the first body end portion so as not to damage the cap or body claim 2 , and the cap is not removable from the second body end portion when the cap is connected with the second body end portion claim 2 , such that removal of the cap from the second body end portion after the cap has ...

Disease detection in plants

The present disclosure relates to disease detection in plants. In particular, it provides methods, compositions, and devices for the detection of diseases in plants.

Methods of Benchmarking Wellness with a Stable Reactive Oxygen Species Solution

Methods of benchmarking wellness are described herein. 1. A method of benchmarking wellness of a subject comprising measuring the rate of muscle glycogen depletion in the subject after exercise and comparing said rate of muscle glycogen depletion to the rate of muscle glycogen depletion of a known standard.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the known standard is the post-exercise average rate of muscle glycogen depletion for a known or given population.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the difference in the rate of muscle glycogen depletion between the subject and the known standard is measured as a percentage of the known standard.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein there is a decrease in the rate of muscle glycogen depletion in the subject compared to the known standard claim 3 , and wherein the decrease in the rate of muscle glycogen depletion is from 1-35%.5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising administering to the subject a composition comprising at least one RXN wherein the RXN is selected from the group consisting of reduced species (RS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS).6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the composition comprising at least one RXN is made by electrolyzing a homogenous and well mixed solution of saline and water.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the temperature claim 6 , flow and electrical current are adjusted during the process of electrolyzing.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the temperature at the time of electrolyzing is between 30-100° F.9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the voltage drops to zero at least once per second during the process of electrolyzing and further wherein the voltage remains positive during the process of electrolyzing.10. The method of claim 5 , wherein the composition comprises at least one ROS and the at least one ROS includes a superoxide and the superoxide is *O.11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the presence of the superoxide is detectable for at least 10 years.12. The method of claim 5 , wherein ...

ELECTROCHEMICAL LIPIDOMICS FOR CANCER DIAGNOSIS

A method for detecting cancerous status of a biological sample. The method includes calculating a charge transfer resistance (R) of an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) associated with lipid secretion of a biological sample, detecting a cancerous state for the biological sample responsive to the calculated Rbeing equal to or more than a threshold value, and detecting a normal state for the biological sample responsive to the calculated Rbeing less than the threshold value. The biological sample includes a biological sample suspected to be cancerous. 1- A method for detecting cancerous status of a biological sample , comprising:growing an array of hydrophobic conductive nanostructures on three-integrated electrodes patterned on a catalyst layer deposited on a substrate, the hydrophobic conductive nanostructures comprising vertically aligned multi-walled carbon nanotubes (VAMWCNTs);dropping peripheral aqueous media of a biological sample on the array of hydrophobic conductive nanostructures grown on the three-integrated electrodes, the biological sample comprising a biological sample suspected to be cancerous;recording an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) from the dropped peripheral aqueous media of the biological sample on the array of hydrophobic conductive nanostructures at an AC voltage between 5 mV and 10 mV by sweeping a plurality of frequency values between 0.01 Hz and 100 kHz, the EIS comprising a semicircular curve;{'sub': 'ct', 'calculating a charge transfer resistance (R) of the recorded EIS by measuring a diameter of the semicircular curve; and'}{'sub': 'ct', 'detecting a cancerous state for the biological sample responsive to the calculated Rbeing equal to or more than a threshold value; and'}{'sub': 'ct', 'detecting a normal state for the biological sample responsive to the calculated Rbeing less than the threshold value.'}2- A method for detecting cancerous status of a biological sample , comprising:{'sub': 'ct', 'calculating a ...

BIOSENSOR

A biosensor, including: a first cover member comprising an element-accommodating recess in an upper face thereof; a detection element using a surface acoustic wave, the detection element including an element substrate accommodated in the element-accommodating recess, and at least one detection unit located on an upper face of the element substrate configured to perform detection of an analyte; and a second cover member joined to the first cover member and covering the detection element, and including an inflow port from which the analyte flows in and a groove which extends from the inflow port to at least above the at least one detection unit and constitutes a capillary. 1. A biosensor , comprising:a first cover member comprising an element-accommodating recess in an upper face thereof;a detection element using a surface acoustic wave, the detection element comprising an element substrate accommodated in the element-accommodating recess, and at least one detection unit located on an upper face of the element substrate configured to perform detection of an analyte; anda second cover member joined to the first cover member and covering the detection element, and comprising an inflow port from which the analyte flows in and a groove which extends from the inflow port to at least above the at least one detection unit and constitutes a capillary.2. The biosensor according to claim 1 , wherein a gap exists between a side face of the detection element and inner walls of the element-accommodating recess.3. The biosensor according to claim 2 , whereina height of the upper face of the element substrate from a bottom face of the element-accommodating recess is equal to or lower than a depth of the element-accommodating recess.4. The biosensor according to claim 1 , whereinthe groove extends from the inflow port toward the at least one detection unit past the at least one detection unit, andthe second cover member further comprises a vent hole connected to the groove.5. The ...

ELECTRODE AND METHOD FOR DETECTING ANALYTE USING SAME

The method for detecting an analyte of the present invention comprises the steps of: coating an electrode with at least one of an aniline polymer formed by substituting hydrogen of a monomer with a boronic acid, followed by electropolymerization, a thiopene polymer, a pyrrole polymer, a carbon nanotube and graphene; exposing the electrode to an analyte that is present in a solution or air; and measuring impedance generated from the electrode exposed to the analyte. The present invention forms the aniline polymer by electropolymerization of an aniline monomer which is formed by substituting hydrogen with a boronic acid in the step of coating the electrode, and utilizes the electrode as a biosensor after coating the electrode with the aniline polymer. Further, in the step of measuring impedance, the presence/absence of an analyte is detected from a change in conductivity. 1. A method for detecting an analyte , the method comprising:coating an electrode with at least one of an aniline polymer, a thiophene polymer, a pyrrole polymer, carbon nanotube, and graphene, which are formed by substituting hydrogen of each monomer with boronic acid, followed by electropolymerization;exposing the electrode to an analyte present in a solution or in the air; andmeasuring an impedance generated from the electrode exposed to the analyte.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coating of the electrode comprises:reacting at least one of an aniline monomer, a thiophene monomer, a pyrrole monomer, a monomer of carbon nanotube, and a monomer of graphene with phenyl boronic acid to substitute hydrogen of the monomer with boronic acid;subjecting the monomer in which hydrogen is substituted with boronic acid to electropolymerization at a predetermined acid concentration and under a predetermined anodic switching potential condition; andcoating the electrode with the polymer formed by electropolymerization.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the analyte comprises at least one of glucose claim 1 ...

Handheld LOAC Assay Device with a Needleless Liquid Reagent Dispenser

A lab-on-a-cartridge (LOAC) handheld assay device including an integrated test cartridge, a carbon nanotube electrode sensor, and a reagent dispenser for dispensing a liquid reagent into the test cartridge. The test cartridge includes a syringe plunger for drawing a test fluid into a test cavity, a bottom wall with a reagent inlet port, and a vibration adaptor for mixing. The reagent input port is attached with a slit valve for engaging with a slit spout of the reagent dispenser as a needleless dispensing system. Carbon nanotube sensors of different three-electrode configurations are provided for testing a volume of test fluid to increase the electrochemical reaction sensitivity. The assay device can be used with a CNT three-electrode sensor for saliva testing for determining glucose concentration. 1. A handheld assay device comprising:i. a device handle having support frames,ii. a reagent dispenser mounted on said handle including a reagent cartridge containing a liquid reagent, a self-closing spout, and a dispensing means for forcing the liquid reagent to exit at said spout,iii. an integrated test cartridge detachably mounted on said handle including a test cavity having an inlet opening, a syringe plunger for withdrawing a test fluid into said test cavity, and a base wall having a reagent port in flow communication with said spout of said reagent dispenser,iv. a biosensor inserted in said test cavity in contact with the test fluid and the liquid reagent,iv. a signal detection station attached to said handle in communication with said biosensor, said detection station having a power source and a control system for measuring the reaction of said liquid reagent mixing with said test fluid.2. The handheld assay device of claim 1 , wherein said handle including a vibratory head and said test cartridge having a vibration adaptor for engaging with said vibratory head for imparting vibration of said test cartridge.3. The handheld assay device of claim 1 , wherein said ...

Biological information measurement device, and biological information measurement method using same

The present invention has an object of improving the measurement accuracy in a biological information measurement device, e.g., for measuring a blood glucose level. The device is configured to be able to change at least one of i) a voltage value to be applied to the second input terminal and the third input terminal (i.e., the blood component measurement counter electrode 7 and the blood component measurement working electrode 6 ) in the second biological information measurement mode D and ii) a voltage application time during which a voltage is applied to the second input terminal and the third input terminal in the second biological information measurement mode D based on the first biological information in the first biological information measurement mode A. A hematocrit value is measured in the first biological information measurement mode A, and a glucose value is measured based on the hematocrit value in the second biological information measurement mode D.

ANALYTE SENSORS AND SYSTEMS INCLUDING RETENTION TAB AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURING SAME

In some aspects, an analyte sensor is provided for detecting an analyte concentration level in a biological fluid sample. The analyte sensor has a base including a top and bottom side, a lid, and an attachment member including one or more retention tabs coupled proximate the top side so that the analyte sensor can be grasped by the sensor's top side. Manufacturing methods and systems adapted to use and dispense the analyte sensors are provided, as are numerous other aspects. 1. An analyte testing system , comprising:an analyte meter including a pylon having grasping tabs; andan analyte sensor including a base with a top side, a lid proximate the base on the top side, and an attachment member proximate the top side, the attachment member including one or more retention tabs engaging with the grasping tabs to secure the analyte sensor to the pylon.2. The analyte testing system of claim 1 , further comprising electrical connectors on the pylon adapted to contact electrical contact pads provided on a same side of the base as the attachment member.3. The analyte testing system of claim 1 , wherein the grasping tabs are movable to release the attachment member.4. The analyte testing system of claim 3 , comprising a user-operable mechanism adapted to initiate movement of the grasping tabs.5. An analyte sensor dispenser apparatus claim 3 , comprising:a dispenser body having a recess extending in the dispenser body and an opening; anda plurality of analyte sensors provided in a stacked configuration within the recess, the plurality of analyte sensors including an attachment member having one or more retention tabs disposed towards the opening and adapted to be grasped by an analyte meter.6. The analyte sensor dispenser system of claim 5 , wherein the attachment member includes two retention tabs. This application is a division of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/589,377, filed Aug. 20, 2012, titled “ANALYTE SENSORS AND SYSTEMS INCLUDING RETENTION TAB AND METHODS OF ...

HAND-HELD TEST METER WITH SMOOTH DIMPLED ELECTRICAL CONTACTS, CONTACT STOPPER RIBS, AND METAL SHIELD PLATE

A hand-held test meter for use with an analytical test strip for the determination of an analyte in a bodily fluid sample includes a test meter housing with a housing outer surface and a distal end, a PCB disposed within the test meter housing; a SPC disposed in the test meter housing, and a metal shield plate securely attaching the strip port connector to the PCB. The SPC includes a SPC housing with at least one contact stopper rib, and plurality of electrical contacts (e.g., electrical contacts with a T-bar shaped distal end) disposed in the SPC housing. Each of the plurality of electrical contacts has a distal end and a test strip contact surface (TSCS). The TSCS of the electrical contact is configured for operable contact with an analytical test strip received in the SPC and the TSCS of the electrical contact is a smooth dimpled surface. 2. The hand-held test meter of wherein the strip port connector (SPC) is attached to the printed circuit board (PCB) via solder connection between the PCB and the metal shield plate.3. The hand-held test meter of wherein the distal end of each of the plurality of electrical contacts is T-shaped.4. The hand-held test meter of wherein the smooth dimpled surface includes a dimple with smooth edges on either side of a longitudinal center line of the electrical contact.5. The hand-held test meter of wherein there are three electrical contacts.6. The hand-held test meter of wherein the SPC housing is formed of a polymeric material.7. The hand-held test meter of wherein the metal shield plate is secured to the SPC housing via snap fit between the SPC housing and the metal shield plate.8. The hand-held test meter of wherein SPC housing includes at least one laser alignment opening.9. The hand-held test meter of wherein the electrical contact has a predetermined elastic force due at least in part to a bend in the electrical contacts.10. The hand-held test meter of wherein the hand-held test meter and analytical test strip are configured ...

DEVICE, SYSTEM AND METHOD RELATIVE TO THE PRECONCENTRATION OF ANALYTES

The invention proposes several aspects of a Micro-Nano-Micro (MNM) device. According to one aspect, a plurality of observation channels are positioned in parallel, and each has a smaller cross-section in order to generate a disturbance in order to cause preconcentration. The cross-sections of two separate channels are different. According to another aspect, the observation channel has a smaller width, preferably with a constant depth. According to another aspect, a method for analysing and/or distinguishing between and/or sorting analytes is presented. Several types of analytes can be used. According to one aspect, a method for manufacturing a device according to the invention is presented. 2120130110120130110110aaabbb. Device according to claim 1 , comprising two microchannels claim 1 , the first microchannel () extending from the first supply conduit () to the first end () of the nanochannel claim 1 , the second microchannel () extending from the second supply conduit () to the second end () of the nanochannel ().3100100100110110abc. Device according to claim 1 , comprising at least three observation channels ( claim 1 , claim 1 , ) claim 1 , wherein each nanochannel () has at least one of said dimensions different from the nanochannel () of the other observation channels.4. Device according to claim 1 , wherein the section of a channel defines a width (l) claim 1 , parallel to the plane (XY) and orthogonal to the longitudinal axis (X) claim 1 , and a depth (p) claim 1 , orthogonal to the plane (XY) and to the longitudinal axis (X) claim 1 ,{'b': 110', '120, 'wherein the nanochannels () have a width comprised between 50 and 500 nm, and the microchannels () have a width comprised between 1 and 20 μm, preferably between 1 and 10 μm.'}51. Device according to claim 1 , wherein the section of a channel defines a width () claim 1 , parallel to the plane (XY) and orthogonal to the longitudinal axis (X) claim 1 , and a depth (p) claim 1 , orthogonal to the plane (XY) and ...

MICROSECOND TIME-RESOLVED MASS SPECTROMETRY

A microsecond time-resolved mass spectrometry device and method of using desorption electrospray ionization () was described for the kinetic study of fast reactions. The device includes a liquid jet generator () that is configured to emit a continuous liquid jet () having a length. An ambient ionization source () is directed toward a selected variable location along the continuous liquid jet () to desorb at least a portion of the continuous liquid jet (). A mass analyzer () analyzes a mass-to-charge ratio of an ionized sample that is within the desorbed portion of the continuous liquid jet (). The acquired mass spectra reflect the reaction progress in different reaction times and, therefore, may be used to derive the reaction rate. 1. A microsecond time-resolved mass spectrometry device comprising:a liquid jet generator configured to emit a continuous liquid jet having a length;an ambient ionization source directed toward a selected variable location along the length of the continuous liquid jet to desorb at least a portion of the continuous liquid jet; anda mass analyzer configured to analyze a mass-to-charge ratio of an ionized sample within the desorbed portion of the continuous liquid jet.2. The microsecond time-resolved mass spectrometry device of claim 1 , wherein the liquid jet generator further comprises:first and second sample sources containing first and second reactants, respectively; anda mixer fluidically coupling the first and second sample, the mixer having an outlet configured to eject the continuous liquid jet comprised of the first and second reactants.3. The microsecond time-resolved mass spectrometry device of claim 2 , wherein the mixer is a Tee-mixer.4. The microsecond time-resolved mass spectrometry device of claim 2 , wherein the mixer is moveable relative to the ambient ionization source for selecting the variable length of the continuous liquid jet.5. The microsecond time-resolved mass spectrometry device of claim 2 , wherein the first and ...

Systems and methods of discriminating between a control sample and a test fluid using capacitance

Methods for distinguishing between an aqueous non-blood sample (e.g., a control solution) and a blood sample are provided herein. In one aspect, the method includes using a test strip in which multiple current transients are measured by a meter electrically connected to an electrochemical test strip. The current transients are used to determine if a sample is a blood sample or an aqueous non-blood sample based on characteristics of the sample (e.g., amount of interferent present, reaction kinetics, and/or capacitance). The method can also include calculating a discrimination criteria based upon these characteristics. Various aspects of a system for distinguishing between a blood sample and an aqueous non-blood sample are also provided herein.

Blood coagulation system analyzer, blood coagulation system analysis method and program

There is provided a blood coagulation system analyzer, including a measurement section and an analysis section. The measurement section measures a time change of impedance of a blood sample, which is obtainable by applying an alternating electric field to the blood sample. The analysis section extracts a parameter indicating the characteristics of the impedance from the measured data of the time change of the impedance. Furthermore, the analysis section analyzes a degree of enhancement of blood coagulation on the basis of a comparison of the extracted parameter with at least one reference value which defines the criteria of the enhancement of blood coagulation.

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS MEASUREMENT APPARATUS, ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS MEASUREMENT SYSTEM, ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS MEASUREMENT METHOD, AND PROGRAM

The main purpose of the present technology is to provide a technology capable of reducing the risk of erroneous determination while ensuring real-time properties in the measurement of electrical characteristics of a biological sample. 1. An electrical characteristics measurement apparatus , comprising: at leasta measurement unit that measures electrical characteristics of a biological sample over time;an analysis unit that reviews, in real time during the measurement, data related to a temporal change in the electrical characteristics and analyzes a change in state of the biological sample; anda notification unit that issues notification of an analysis result in the analysis unit at a specific time point, whereinthe analysis unit detects a predetermined feature point from the data related to the temporal change in the electrical characteristics to use data related to the temporal change in a period before and/or after the predetermined feature point.2. The electrical characteristics measurement apparatus according to claim 1 , whereinthe analysis unit uses pieces of data related to the temporal change.3. The electrical characteristics measurement apparatus according to claim 2 , whereinthe analysis unit detects a time point at which a value at the predetermined feature point exceeds a predetermined threshold value and compares variations in electrical characteristics at the time point between the pieces of data related to the temporal change.4. The electrical characteristics measurement apparatus according to claim 2 , whereinthe analysis unit calculates a correlation coefficient between the pieces of data related to the temporal change and analyzes whether the correlation coefficient exceeds a predetermined threshold value or not.5. The electrical characteristics measurement apparatus according to claim 1 , whereinthe analysis unit analyzes whether a value at the predetermined feature point and/or the state of the biological sample at the predetermined feature ...

RNA PROFILING DEVICE AND METHOD

The present invention provides device for profiling a biological sample with at least one RNA segment comprising: a metal wire positioned relative to the biological sample such that the sample and the metal wire form a Schottky barrier junction; a bias voltage provider adapted for rectifying the Schottky junction; and; a module for collecting the current over voltage profile of the Schottky junction. 1. A device for profiling a biological sample with at least one RNA segment comprising:a metal wire positioned relative to the biological sample with said RNA segment to form a Schottky barrier junction;a bias voltage provider adapted for rectifying the Schottky junction; and;a module for collecting the current over voltage profile of the Schottky junction.2. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the device further includes a second metal wire to facilitate feeding of bias voltage.3. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the bias voltage provider is adapted for providing a forward bias voltage.4. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the bias voltage provider is adapted for providing is reverse bias voltage.5. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the biological sample is an RNA layer.6. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the biological sample is supported by a solid substrate.7. The device as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the substrate is glass.8. The device as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the substrate includes a conductive layer formed on the surface of the substrate using evaporation techniques.9. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the bias voltage is provided within the range of 0 to 3V as the detection range.10. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the bias voltage provider includes a metal wire.11. The device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the device is able to generate varying claim 1 , quantitative response based on varying bias voltage; subject to the RNA fragment sequence.12. The device as claimed in claim 1 , the ...

SAMPLE WELL FABRICATION TECHNIQUES AND STRUCTURES FOR INTEGRATED SENSOR DEVICES

Methods of forming an integrated device, and in particular forming one or more sample wells in an integrated device, are described. The methods may involve forming a metal stack over a cladding layer, forming an aperture in the metal stack, forming first spacer material within the aperture, and forming a sample well by removing some of the cladding layer to extend a depth of the aperture into the cladding layer. In the resulting sample well, at least one portion of the first spacer material is in contact with at least one layer of the metal stack. 1. A method of forming an integrated device , the method comprising:forming a metal stack over a cladding layer;forming an aperture in the metal stack;forming first spacer material within the aperture; andforming a sample well by removing some of the cladding layer to extend a depth of the aperture into the cladding layer, wherein at least one portion of the first spacer material is in contact with at least one layer of the metal stack.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the metal stack further comprises forming the metal stack on the cladding layer.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the first spacer material further comprises forming the first spacer material over the metal stack and at a bottom surface of the aperture.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the sample well further comprises performing a first directional etch to remove at least some of the first spacer material disposed on a top surface of the metal stack and on a bottom surface of the aperture.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first spacer material includes at least one material configured to reduce formation of metal fluoride residue during an etch process used in forming the sample well.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first spacer material includes at least one material configured to reduce formation of metal fluoride residue on at least one metal layer of the metal stack during an etch process used in forming the sample ...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR SOLID PHASE PEPTIDE SYNTHESIS

Methods and systems for control of solid phase peptide synthesis are generally described. Control of solid phase peptide synthesis involves the use of feedback from one or more reactions and/or processes (e.g., reagent removal) taking place in the solid phase peptide synthesis system. In some embodiments, a detector may detect one or more fluids flowing across a detection zone of a solid phase peptide synthesis system and one or more signals may be generated corresponding to the fluid(s). For instance, an electromagnetic radiation detector positioned downstream of a reactor may detect a fluid exiting the reactor after a deprotection reactor and produce a signal(s). In some embodiments, based at least in part on information derived from the signal(s), a parameter of the system may be modulated prior to and/or during one or more subsequent reactions and/or processes taking place in the solid phase peptide synthesis system. In some embodiments, the methods and systems, described herein, can be used to conduct quality control to determine and correct problems (e.g., aggregation, truncation, deletion) in reactions (e.g., coupling reactions) taking place in the solid phase peptide synthesis system. 1. A method of operating a peptide synthesis system , comprising:flowing a fluid stream comprising a deprotection reagent through a reactor after a coupling reaction occurs in the reactor, wherein the reactor comprises a plurality of peptides immobilized on a solid support;detecting an electromagnetic absorbance and/or an electromagnetic emission of the fluid stream at a detection zone positioned downstream of the reactor to produce a signal;modulating a parameter of the system prior to and/or during a subsequent coupling reaction in the reactor based at least in part on information derived from the signal.23-. (canceled)4. The method of claim 1 , comprising determining presence or absence of aggregation of a plurality of peptides based at least in part on information derived ...

Method for Measuring Free Radical Based on Conductivity Change of Conductive Polymer

A method for measuring free radical comprises providing a sensor including a substrate and a conductive polymer layer, wherein the conductive polymer layer is configured on the substrate and made of conductive polymer; applying a liquid sample with free radical to the sensor so that the conductive polymer layer is covered with the liquid sample and the conductivity of the conductive polymer layer is lowered due to oxidation of the conductive polymer by free radical; and calculating the concentration of the free radical in the liquid sample based on the conductivity change rate of the conductive polymer before and after the liquid sample is applied to the conductive polymer. The present invention has advantages including low cost, small size, and ease of operation, which make it a good candidate for detecting hydroxyl radicals for oxidative stress studies. 1. A method for measuring free radical , comprising:providing a sensor including a substrate and a conductive polymer layer, wherein the conductive polymer layer is configured on the substrate and essentially made of a conductive polymer;applying a liquid sample with free radical to the sensor so that the conductive polymer layer is covered with the liquid sample and the conductivity of the conductive polymer layer is lowered due to oxidation of the conductive polymer by free radical; andcalculating the concentration of the free radical in the liquid sample based on the conductivity change rate of the conductive polymer before and after the liquid sample is applied to the conductive polymer.2. The method for measuring free radical as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:measuring a first conductivity and a second conductivity of the conductive polymer layer, wherein the first conductivity is the conductivity of the conductive polymer layer before applied with the liquid sample with free radical and the second conductivity is the conductivity of the conductive polymer layer after applied with the liquid sample ...

BIOFLUID SENSING DEVICE CYTOKINE MEASUREMENT

The present disclosure provides a method of using a wearable biofluid sensing device to develop a cytokine profile for an individual. The method includes taking concentration, ratio, and trend measurements of one or more cytokines in the individual's sweat, along with other contemporaneous device measurements to inform sweat rate, skin temperature, sweat sample pH, or other factors. The method further considers these measured values in the context of external information about the individual, and uses such information to develop (1) a baseline cytokine profile characterizing the individual's healthy cytokine levels, or (2) an inflammation profile for a physiological condition, which characterizes the expected cytokine levels for a physiological condition. Also included is a method to use a biofluid sensing device to determine whether an individual has a physiological condition by comparing device measurements to the baseline profile and inflammation profile. Results are then communicated to a device user. 1. A method of using a wearable biofluid sensing device , comprising:taking one or more cytokine measurements of one or more cytokines in a sweat sample taken from an individual;taking one or more secondary measurements of the sweat sample;developing a cytokine profile based on the one or more cytokine measurements, the one or more secondary measurements, and one or more characteristics of the individual; andcommunicating said cytokine profile to a device user.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cytokine profile is one of the following: a baseline profile claim 1 , comprising a set of cytokine values representing a healthy physiological state; and an inflammation profile claim 1 , comprising a set of cytokine values representing one of: a presence of inflammation claim 1 , an absence of inflammation claim 1 , or a severity of inflammation.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cytokine profile is developed for a group of persons claim 1 , wherein each person in ...

Analyte Test Strip and Analyte Meter Device

A test strip with an incorporated optical waveguide and deflectors punched through the optical waveguide allows light to exit through a layer of the test strip and be detected by a photo detector. Using light and a photodetector, these uniquely coded strips are identified. The waveguide can be constructed by sandwiching two layers of the test strip around a light transmissible layer. This configuration allows light to be transmitted through the test strip and out the other end, as well as allowing some light to escape the deflector. This light is detected by a photodetector mounted in the analyte test meter. The deflectors may be placed in patterns such that detection of this light indicates certain characteristics of the strip, such as non-counterfeit, regional identification, type of analyte tested, and coding information. 145.-. (canceled)46. A test strip comprising:(a) a top substrate;(b) a bottom substrate;(c) an electrical connector for connection to a meter disposed at a first end; and wherein said electrical connector comprises a first tab formed at the first end of the top substrate, and a second tab formed at the first end of the bottom substrate;', 'wherein the first tab is small in width relative to the second tab; and', 'wherein the first tab is not aligned with the second tab., '(d) an electrochemical test cell disposed at a second end;'}47. The test strip of wherein the second tab is notched in the middle of the tab.48. The test strip of wherein the second tab is notched on the edge closest to the first tab.49. The test strip of wherein the second tab is notched on the edge farthest from the first tab.50. The test strip of further comprising characteristic information about the strip encoded on the strip and a first tab and/or second tab configuration corresponding to said encoded characteristic information.51. The test strip of wherein the characteristic is selected from the group consisting of regional identification claim 50 , calibration ...

OXIDIZABLE SPECIES AS AN INTERNAL REFERENCE IN CONTROL SOLUTIONS FOR BIOSENSORS

Testing of the performance of an electrochemical meter used to measure the presence of an analyte in a biological sample, particularly glucose in whole blood, includes introducing a control solution containing a predetermined amount of the analyte and a predetermined amount of an internal reference compound. The internal reference compound is selected such that it is oxidized at a potential greater than that used to oxidize the analyte, thereby making it possible to distinguish the control solution from a biological sample. 1. A method of distinguishing a control solution from a biological sample during operation of an electrochemical sensor measuring the amount of an analyte in said control solution and in said biological sample , the method comprising the acts of:(a) adding to said control solution an internal reference compound, said compound being adapted to be electrochemically oxidized at a potential higher than the potential needed to measure the oxidation of said analyte, said internal reference compound being added in an amount relative to a predetermined amount of analyte in said control solution sufficient to indicate the presence of said internal reference compound in the control solution;(b) introducing said control solution containing said internal reference compound and said predetermined amount of said analyte to an electrochemical sensor, said sensor having working and reference electrodes and a reaction layer containing reagents for oxidizing said analyte;(c) at least once applying a potential to said electrodes of said electrochemical sensor sufficient to oxidize said internal reference compound and said analyte and measuring the resulting electrical current;(d) at least once applying a potential to said electrochemical sensor lower than the potential of (c), said potential being sufficient to measure oxidation of said analyte and not sufficient to oxidize said internal reference compound and measuring the resulting electrical current;{'sub': high ...

METABOLITE BIOMARKERS FOR STAGING COLORECTAL CANCER

This document provides methods and materials for assessing metabolites in a sample from a mammal (e.g., human) for determining the nature and extent of colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis. For example, the document relates to the diagnosis, staging and prognosis of CRC in a mammal. 1. A method of characterizing metastatic colorectal cancer comprising:(a) obtaining a mammalian biological sample;(b) analyzing the biological sample from the mammal with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine the level(s) of one or more core biomarkers set forth in Table 2B and Table 2D; and(c) comparing the level(s) of the one or more core biomarkers in the sample to metastatic and/or normal reference levels of the one or more core biomarkers in order to assess the characterize metastatic disease in the mammal.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (b) comprises analyzing the levels of two claim 1 , three claim 1 , four claim 1 , five claim 1 , six claim 1 , seven claim 1 , eight claim 1 , nine claim 1 , ten claim 1 , eleven claim 1 , twelve claim 1 , thirteen claim 1 , fourteen claim 1 , fifteen claim 1 , sixteen claim 1 , seventeen claim 1 , eighteen claim 1 , nineteen claim 1 , twenty claim 1 , twenty-five claim 1 , thirty claim 1 , thirty-five claim 1 , forty claim 1 , fifty or all of the core biomarkers in Table 2B and Table 2D.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biological sample is a body fluid.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the body fluid is a urine sample claim 3 , a blood sample claim 3 , a serum sample or a plasma sample.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein analyzing comprises determining one or more core markers in Table 2B.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein analyzing comprises determining all the core markers in Table 2B.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein analyzing comprises determining one or more core markers in Table 2D.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein analyzing comprises determining all the core markers in Table 2D.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein ...

Electrode Assembly for Measurement of Platelet Function in Whole Blood

A platelet impedance measurement system including an electrode assembly allows for measurement of platelet function in blood. The assembly includes a substrate that acts as a substantially rigid base and includes an electrode. A portion of the electrode is exposed such that, when the electrode is placed in blood, the exposed portion is in contact with the blood for measuring impedance changes as platelets adhere to the electrode. Wires of the electrode can be attached to each end of the substrate and can run within a groove along a portion of the substrate. The substrate includes an open area where the wires in the groove exit and re-enter the substrate at the end of the substrate, allowing the wires to be exposed to the blood. The open area includes a brace, ensuring that the exposed wires are held in the appropriate placement relative to each other and to the cuvette.

Smart Sensor Ports and Methods of Using Same

The present disclosure provides an orientation-nonspecific sensor port for use in analyte meters designed to detect and quantify analyte levels in a fluid sample along with methods of using the same. The present disclosure also provides compositions and methods for facilitating the correct insertion of a sensor into a corresponding analyte meter. 1102-. (canceled)103. An analyte meter , comprising:a housing comprising a display;a sensor port coupled to the housing, wherein the sensor port receives a sensor to determine the concentration of an analyte in a fluid sample, and wherein the sensor port comprises a first electrode contact and a second electrode contact; anda controller unit coupled to the housing, the controller unit processes a signal received from the sensor and determines a concentration of the analyte based on the signal;wherein the analyte meter detects first and second different insertion orientations of the sensor upon first or second insertion of the sensor into the sensor port, and based on the insertion orientation, the analyte meter configures one of the first electrode contact and the second electrode contact as a reference and/or counter electrode contact.104. The analyte meter of claim 103 , wherein the second electrode contact is a working electrode contact.105. The analyte meter of claim 103 , wherein the sensor port is configured to receive a sensor comprising opposing working and reference and/or counter electrodes.106. The analyte meter of claim 103 , wherein the sensor port is configured to receive a sensor comprising coplanar working and reference and/or counter electrodes.107. The analyte meter of claim 103 , wherein the analyte is glucose or ketone bodies.108. The analyte meter of claim 103 , wherein the analyte meter is activated upon insertion of the sensor into the sensor port.109. The analyte meter of claim 108 , wherein the sensor comprises a turn-on/selection monitor claim 108 , the sensor port comprises a turn-on/selection ...

Device for analyzing biological Substances in a Test Solution and Production Method

The invention relates to a device ( 100; 200; 300; 400 ) for analysing biological substances in a test solution, comprising a test substrate ( 101; 203; 303; 401 ) which is transparent at least in part, having a test region ( 107 a, 108 a, 109 a, 110 a; 211; 411 ) for receiving the test solution, a plurality of electrodes ( 111, 106; 201, 202; 301, 302; 402, 403 ) which are arranged on the test substrate ( 101; 203; 303; 401 ) and extend into the test region ( 107 a, 108 a, 109 a, 110 a; 211; 411 ), wherein in each case, at least one portion of the electrodes ( 111, 106; 201, 202; 301, 302; 402, 403 ) is made of a transparent material.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DETECTING USED AND DRIED SENSORS

Systems and methods for detecting dried test strips are provided, where a dried test strip may be one that has been re-inoculated with a biological sample after having already been previously inoculated with another sample at an earlier time (e.g., hours or days before). In various aspects, a biosensor such as an amperometric glucose biosensor (“meter”) may apply one or more input electrical signals to an inoculated test strip having at least a pair of electrodes in contact with the biological sample. The meter may measure output current value(s) resulting in response to the input electrical signals applied to the test strip. The meter may determine whether the test strip is a dried test strip by comparing a ratio of the measured output current value(s) with a boundary ratio value. 1. A method of analyzing a test strip in a biosensor , the method comprising:displaying a procedural message to apply a liquid sample to a test strip, the test strip having a dry reagent, a working electrode, a counter electrode, a detection electrode, and a bare electrode that is not in contact with the dry reagent in an unused condition of the test strip;applying a first voltage between the working electrode and the counter electrode;measuring a first current between the working electrode and the counter electrode;determining an amount of an analyte based on the measured first current;applying a second voltage between the bare electrode and the working electrode after the applying the first voltage; displaying a first error message and inhibiting a display of the determined amount of the analyte in response to a calculation based on the second and third measured currents being below a first threshold; and', 'displaying the determined amount of analyte in response to the calculation being above the first threshold., 'measuring a second current and thereafter a third current between the bare electrode and the working electrode; and at least one of2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ...

BIOCHEMICAL TEST CHIP AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Provided is a biochemical test chip including an insulating substrate, an electrode unit, a first insulating septum, a reactive layer and a second insulating septum. The insulating substrate has a first vent hole. The electrode unit is located on the insulating substrate. The first insulating septum is located on the electrode unit. The first insulating septum has an opening which exposes a part of the electrode unit. The reactive layer is located in the opening. The second insulating septum is located on the first insulating septum. The second insulating septum has a second vent hole. The first vent hole is at least partially overlapped with the second vent hole. 1. A biochemical test chip , comprising:an insulating substrate, having a first vent hole;an electrode unit, located on the insulating substrate;a first insulating septum, located on the electrode unit and having an opening, wherein the opening exposes a part of the electrode unit;a reactive layer, located in the opening; anda second insulating septum, located on the first insulating septum and having a second vent hole, wherein the first vent hole is at least partially overlapped with the second vent hole.2. The biochemical test chip as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first vent hole is disposed in the insulating substrate at a first side of the opening claim 1 , and the second vent hole is disposed in the second insulating septum at the first side of the opening.3. The biochemical test chip as claimed in claim 2 , wherein a distance between the first vent hole and the first side of the opening is larger than a distance between the second vent hole and the first side of the opening.4. The biochemical test chip as claimed in claim 2 , wherein a distance between the first vent hole and the first side of the opening is smaller than a distance between the second vent hole and the first side of the opening.5. The biochemical test chip as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the second insulating septum further ...

SENSOR ASSEMBLY HAVING MICROSENSORS

A system includes a sample analyzer having a sensor assembly. The sensor assembly includes a first microsensor having a first outer sheath, a first membrane core within the first outer sheath, and a first conductive element at least partially encased by and in contact with the first membrane core. The first conductive element detects a first electrical response signal when the first membrane core is in contact with the fluid. The sensor assembly may include a second microsensor that is adjacent to the first microsensor. The second microsensor has a second outer sheath, a second membrane core within the outer sheath, and a second conductive element at least partially encased by and in direct contact with the second membrane core. The second conductive element detects the second electrical response signal when the second membrane core is in contact with the fluid. 1. A sensor assembly , comprising:a first microsensor having a first outer sheath, a first membrane core within the first outer sheath, and a first conductive element that is at least partially encased by and in contact with the first membrane core, wherein the first conductive element detects a first electrical response signal when the first membrane core is in contact with a fluid; anda second microsensor adjacent to the outer surface of the first microsensor, the second microsensor having a second outer sheath, a second membrane core within the second outer sheath, and a second conductive element that is at least partially encased by and in contact with the second membrane core, wherein the second conductive element detects a second electrical response signal when the second membrane core is in contact with the fluid.2. The sensor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the first outer sheath defines a first outer surface claim 1 , and the second outer sheath defines a second outer surface that is in contact with the first outer surface.3. The sensor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the first membrane core is ...

Compositions and methods of detecting 17 beta-estradiol

A sensor for the detection of 17β-estradiol in a sample includes a substrate, a working electrode and counter electrode formed on a surface of the substrate, and an anti-estrogen receptor functionalized or chemically functionalized to a surface of an exposed portion of the working electrode.

HIGH-DENSITY MICRO-CHAMBER ARRAY AND MEASUREMENT METHOD USING SAME

A high-density micro-chamber array has a translucent flat substrate, a hydrophobic layer in which a plurality of micro-chambers are provided, and a lipid bilayer membrane formed in each of the openings of the micro-chambers, wherein an electrode is provided in each of the micro-chambers, and when the side of the substrate on which the hydrophobic layer is provided is directed upward, the micro-chamber array is configured such that with at least one of the following A) and B) being met, light entering the substrate from below is transmitted through the substrate and penetrates into the micro-chambers' interiors, and light entering the substrate from the micro-chambers' interiors is transmitted through the substrate and escapes toward below the substrate. A) The electrode is provided on an inner side surface of each of the micro-chambers. B) The electrode is transparent and provided on a bottom surface of each of the micro-chambers. 1: A high-density micro-chamber array , comprising:a translucent flat substrate;{'sup': −18', '3, 'a hydrophobic layer provided on the substrate and composed of a hydrophobic substance wherein on a principal surface of the hydrophobic layer, openings of a plurality of micro-chambers, each having a capacity of 4,000×10mor smaller, are provided in such a way as to be arrayed regularly at a high density; and'}a lipid bilayer membrane formed, in such a way as to seal a test liquid, in each of the openings of the plurality of micro-chambers in the state of being filled with the test liquid, whereinan electrode is provided in each of the micro-chambers; andwhen a side of the substrate having the hydrophobic layer provided on the side is directed upward, the micro-chamber array is configured such that with at least one of the following A) and B) being met, light entering the substrate from below the substrate is transmitted through the substrate and penetrates into interiors of the micro-chambers, and light entering the substrate from the ...

Modular Reservoir Assembly for a Hemodialysis and Hemofiltration System

The present specification discloses a dialysis system having a reservoir module with a reservoir housing defining an internal space, a surface located within the internal space for supporting a container that contains dialysate, and a conductivity sensor located within the internal space, where the conductivity sensor has a coil, a capacitor in electrical communication with the coil, and an energy source in electrical communication with the circuit. 1. A reservoir module for use in a portable dialysis system comprising:a. A reservoir housing having four sides, a base, and a top, wherein said four sides, base surface, and top surface define an internal space;b. A surface located within said internal space for supporting a container adapted to contain dialysate; andc. A conductivity sensor located within said internal space, wherein said conductivity sensor comprises a coil having a plurality of turns, a capacitor in electrical communication with said coil, wherein said coil and capacitor define a circuit, and an energy source in electrical communication with said circuit.2. The reservoir module of wherein the energy source maintains a substantially constant voltage across said capacitor.3. The reservoir module of wherein said conductivity sensor outputs a value indicative of a sodium concentration in said dialysate based on an energy input required from said energy source to maintain the constant voltage across the capacitor.4. The reservoir module of wherein the coil has a radius between 2 and 6 inches.5. The reservoir module of wherein the coil generates a magnetic field.6. The reservoir module of wherein the surface is a flat pan.7. The reservoir module of wherein a heater is in thermal contact with said pan.8. The reservoir module of wherein the heater is integrated into said pan.9. The reservoir module of wherein said surface is part of a scale.10. The reservoir module of wherein said scale comprises a plurality of flex points physically attached to said top.11. ...

Analyte Sensing for Eye Injuries and Conditions

A biosensor for the detection of an analyte such as ascorbic acid is provided. Also provided is a device comprising the biosensor. In addition, methods of detecting analytes such as ascorbic acid in a sample, and methods of a point-of-care diagnosis of eye disease and eye injury are provided. 1. A biosensor for the detection of an analyte , the biosensor comprising: a layer of graphene nanoplatelets , carbon nanotubes , or fullerene , a layer of one or more polymers on the layer of graphene nanoplatelets , carbon nanotubes , or fullerene , a layer of a ligand for the analyte on the polymer layer; and at least one sensor electrode.2. The biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the analyte is present in a tear film.3. The biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the at least one sensor electrode is between the layer of one or more polymers and the layer of a ligand for the analyte.4. The biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the analyte is ascorbic acid and the ligand for the analyte is ascorbate oxidase.5. The biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the biosensor further comprises a substrate.6. The biosensor of claim 5 , wherein the substrate is selected from one or more of filter paper claim 5 , acrylamide claim 5 , cellulose claim 5 , nitrocellulose claim 5 , glass claim 5 , silicon wafer claim 5 , indium tin oxide claim 5 , mica claim 5 , polystyrene claim 5 , or polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) filter claim 5 , glass fiber filters claim 5 , fiberglass claim 5 , polyethylimine coated glass fiber filters claim 5 , porous mylar claim 5 , transparent porous film claim 5 , cellulose nitrate (CN) membrane claim 5 , mixed cellulose ester membrane claim 5 , cellulose acetate membrane claim 5 , polyethersulfone (PES) membrane claim 5 , PTFE membrane claim 5 , ultrafiltration membranes of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) claim 5 , carboxylated poly(vinyl chloride) (CPUC) claim 5 , polystyrene claim 5 , polyethylene vinyl acetate claim 5 , polypropylene claim 5 , polymethacrylate claim 5 , polyethylene claim 5 , ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DETECTING AND MONITORING PROTEOLYSIS OF PROTEIN MATRICES

Apparatus and methods are provided for detecting and monitoring proteolysis of protein matrices such as fibrin clots, extracellular matrix and collagen matrix. The apparatus and methods involve in general the measurement of diffusion-limited electrochemical currents generated by an electroactive species or elactomer in a synthetic protein matrix. The apparatus and methods are applied in various embodiments to detect and monitor the proteolytic activities of a sample, and more specifically fibrinolytic activities and collagenase activities of a sample. The apparatus and methods are utilized generally in the monitoring and diagnostics of cardiovascular, cerebralvascular, and oncology conditions. 124.-. (canceled)25. A method for detecting or monitoring a disease or disorder associated with fibrinolysis , comprising: (i) the synthetic fibrin matrix comprises an elactomer and a small molecule electroactive species in contact with the synthetic fibrin matrix by diffusion within and across pores of the synthetic fibrin matrix,', '(ii) the elactomer comprises a ferrocene-derivitized polymer,', '(iii) the elactomer and a small molecule electroactive species are of an opposing oxidation state, and', '(iv) the synthetic fibrin matrix is in contact with at least a portion of a working electrode or a counter electrode;, '(a) contacting a synthetic fibrin matrix with a biological sample from a subject, wherein(b) applying a potential to the working electrode, thereby generating an electrochemical current through the working electrode;(c) measuring the electrochemical current at a plurality of times to obtain a plurality of current measurements; and(d) comparing at least two of the plurality of current measurements, wherein a difference between the at least two current measurements is indicative of fibrinolytic activity in the presence of the biological sample, thereby detecting or monitoring a disease or disorder associated with fibrinolysis.26. The method of claim 25 , wherein ...

IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENT IN DIAGNOSTIC TESTING

An impedance measurement system for detecting an analyte in a sample is disclosed. The system includes first, second, and third electrodes, wherein at least a portion of the third electrode is positioned between the first and second electrodes, means for generating an electromagnetic field between the first and second electrodes, means for electrically controlling the third electrode, wherein the third electrode modifies the electromagnetic field, and a processor for detecting a presence of the analyte in the sample, based at least in part on a property of the electromagnetic field. 1. An impedance measurement system to detect an analyte in a sample , comprising:first, second, and third electrodes, wherein at least a portion of the third electrode is positioned between the first and second electrodes;means for generating an electromagnetic field between the first and second electrodes;means for electrically controlling the third electrode, wherein the third electrode modifies the electromagnetic field; anda processor for detecting a presence of the analyte in the sample, based at least in part on a property of the electromagnetic field.2. The impedance measurement system of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to measure a property of the analyte.3. The impedance measurement system of claim 1 , wherein the means for generating an electromagnetic field between the first and second electrodes is one of a voltage source and a current source.4. The impedance measurement system of claim 1 , wherein the means for electrically controlling the third electrode is an amplifier.5. The impedance measurement system of claim 1 , wherein the means for electrically controlling the third electrode is an impedance device.6. The impedance measurement system of claim 5 , wherein the impedance device is at least one of a resistor and a capacitor.7. The impedance measurement system of claim 6 , wherein the impedance device includes one of a resistive digital-to-analog ...

BIOSENSOR HAVING A SENSING GATE DIELECTRIC AND A BACK GATE DIELECTRIC

A vertical biosensor includes a substrate and a source disposed on the substrate. A bottom spacer is disposed on the source. A chamber is disposed on the bottom spacer. A sensing gate dielectric is disposed on side and bottom surfaces of the chamber. A fin channel is disposed on opposite sides of the chamber along a direction parallel to an upper surface of the substrate facing the chamber. A back gate dielectric is disposed on the fin channel. A drain is positioned above the fin channel along a direction orthogonal to an upper surface of the substrate. A thickness of the back gate dielectric is greater than a thickness of the sensing gate dielectric. 1. A vertical biosensor , comprising:a substrate;a source disposed on the substrate;a bottom spacer disposed on the source;a chamber disposed on the bottom spacer, wherein a sensing gate dielectric is disposed on side and bottom surfaces of the chamber;a fin channel disposed on opposite sides of the chamber along a direction parallel to an upper surface of the substrate facing the chamber;a back gate dielectric disposed on the fin channel; anda drain positioned above the fin channel along a direction orthogonal to an upper surface of the substrate,wherein a thickness of the back gate dielectric is greater than a thickness of the sensing gate dielectric.2. The vertical biosensor of claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the back gate dielectric is at least ten times as thick as the thickness of the sensing gate dielectric along the direction parallel to the upper surface of the substrate facing the chamber.3. The vertical biosensor of claim 2 , further comprising a top spacer disposed on the back gate dielectric claim 2 , and an interval dielectric disposed on the top spacer.4. The vertical biosensor of claim 3 , further comprising a sidewall image transfer spacer positioned above the drain claim 3 , wherein a thickness of the sidewall image transfer spacer is the same as a thickness of the fin channel along the direction ...

DEVICES, CARTRIDGES, AND SENSORS FOR ANALYZING A BIOLOGICAL SAMPLE

Described herein are cartridges and devices for operating said cartridges for analyzing a biological sample, such as a blood or saliva sample. Also described herein is an impedance sensor for analyzing a biological sample. Further described herein are methods of determining a cell count or detecting an analyte in a biological sample, which can include transporting the biological sample through a sensor comprising a channel or pore; applying an electrical current or voltage to the channel or pore; detecting an impedance within the channel or pore; and determining a cell count or detecting the analyte based on the detected impedance. Also described herein is an electrowetting electrode array that is configured to transport aqueous solutions using low voltage, such as about 50 volts or less. Further described herein are methods of transporting an aqueous liquid using electrowetting electrodes. 119-. (canceled)20. A system , comprising [ a first channel segment;', 'a second channel segment;', 'a pore or a channel fluidly connecting the first channel segment and the second channel segment;', 'an electrode pair configured to apply a multiplexed electrical current or voltage to the pore or channel; and', 'an electrode pair configured to detect impedance at a plurality of frequencies within the pore or channel, wherein the electrode pair configured to apply the multiplexed electrical current and the electrode pair configured to detect the impedance are the same electrode pair or different electrode pairs; and, '(i) a sensor comprising, '(ii) a device interface electrically connected to the sensor; and, '(a) a cartridge configured to analyze a biological sample, the cartridge comprising(b) a device configured to interface with and operate the cartridge, comprising one or more processors and a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs comprising instructions ...

Nanotip Sensor

Embodiments of a nanotip sensor for detecting and identifying chemical or biological particulates in a sample are disclosed. The nanotip sensor may include a plurality of nanotips, each with a cathode, an anode, and a gap between the cathode and the anode. An adsorbed particulate from the sample may bridge the gap between the cathode and the anode, forming an electrical circuit. A conductive spectrum of the particulates in the sample that are adsorbed onto the nanotips of the sensor may be determined, and by comparing the conductive spectrum of the sample with conductive spectrums of known particulates, one or more specific particulates contained in the sample may be detected and identified. Techniques to augment the specificity of the sensor and to clean the sensor for re-use are disclosed. Embodiments of systems and methods that use the nanotip sensor to detect chemical and biological particulates are disclosed. 1. A sensor system for detecting particulates in a sample , comprising: a semiconductor layer;', 'an electrically conductive nanotip formed on, and electrically coupled to, the semiconductor layer and configured as one of an anode or a cathode;', 'an insulating layer formed on the semiconductor layer and having a gap surrounding the metallic nanotip; and', 'an electrically conductive surface formed on the insulating layer and having a gap surrounding the metallic nanotip, and configured as the other of the anode or the cathode;, 'a nanotip sensor array comprising a plurality of nanotip sensors, each nanotip sensor in the nanotip sensor array electrically coupled to a variable voltage source and a current measuring device, and comprising control the variable voltage source, causing the variable voltage source to apply a plurality of voltages across the anode and the cathode;', 'receive from the current measuring device a measured current value at each of the plurality of voltages to create a current versus voltage (I-V) characteristic for an unidentified ...

APPARATUS FOR NON-INVASIVE SENSING OF BIOMARKERS IN HUMAN SWEAT

Presented herein are devices for collecting and/or channeling a biofluid (e.g., sweat, tears, saliva) and detecting and/or quantifying one or more biomarkers in the biofluid. The one or more biomarkers may include, for example, ions, salts thereof, hormones and/or steroids, proteins, metabolites and organic compounds. In certain embodiments, the devices described herein include a specially designed interface and a zero-energy micro pump that allow the device to be comfortably affixed directly to the skin of a user while biofluid is efficiently and non-invasively collected from the skin of the user. In certain embodiments, the biofluid collection and sensing device is housed on or in another wearable device, such as a wrist band or a smart watch. In certain embodiments, the devices described herein are disposable (e.g., after a certain period of use and/or wear the device can be disposed and replaced with a low-cost replacement). 1. A biofluid collection and sensing device , the device comprising:an interface and/or interface surface comprising at least one biocompatible material for contacting a body part;at least one inlet for receiving a biofluid;at least one outlet for evacuating the biofluid;a plurality of semiconductor sensors for detecting one or more biomarkers in the received biofluid; andat least one microfluidic and/or nanofluidic channel in fluid communication with the at least one inlet, at least one sensor of the plurality of semiconductor sensors, and at least one outlet.2. The biofluid collection and sensing device of claim 1 , comprising at least one reference electrode for biasing a gate of at least one of the semiconductor sensors.3. (canceled)4. The biofluid collection and sensing device of claim 1 , wherein the one or more biomarkers include one or more members selected from the group consisting of ions claim 1 , hormones claim 1 , steroids claim 1 , metabolites claim 1 , and organic compounds.5. The biofluid collection and sensing device of ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR GMR-BASED DETECTION OF BIOMARKERS

A system for detecting analytes in a test sample, and a method for processing the same, is provided. The system includes a cartridge reader unit that has a control unit and a pneumatic system, and a cartridge assembly that prepares the samples with mixing material(s) through communication channels. The assembly has a memory chip with parameters for preparing the sample and at least one sensor (GMR sensor) for detecting analytes in the sample. The assembly is pneumatically and electronically mated with the reader unit via a pneumatic interface and an electronic interface such that the parameters may be implemented via the control unit. The pneumatic system is contained within the unit and has pump(s) and valve(s) for selectively applying fluid pressure to the pneumatic interface of the assembly, and thus through the communication channels, to move the sample and mixing material(s) through and to sensor. The control unit activates the pneumatic system to prepare the sample and provide it to the sensor for detecting analytes, and also processes measurements from the sensor to generate test results. 1. A system for detecting analytes in a test sample , the system comprising:a cartridge reader unit comprising a control unit and a pneumatic system; anda cartridge assembly configured to receive and prepare the test sample with one or more mixing materials through communication channels therein, the cartridge assembly comprising a pneumatic interface and an electronic interface;the cartridge assembly further comprising a memory chip having parameters associated with preparing the test sample and at least one sensor for detecting the analytes in the test sample;the cartridge assembly being configured for pneumatically and electronically mating with the cartridge reader unit via the pneumatic interface and the electronic interface such that the parameters associated with preparing the test sample from the memory chip are read and implemented via the control unit of the ...

ELECTRONIC DEVICE FOR DETECTION OF VIRUSES, BACTERIA, AND PATHOGENS

This invention relates to identification of organic or nonorganic molecules dissolved in liquid solutions based on their internal dipole moment. These molecules include and are not limited to viruses, microbes, bacteria, and in general pathogens. The liquid solution provides a specific dielectric constant, which is directly related to the internal dipole moment of the dissolved pathogen. An electronic device namely PtSi-Porous Si schottky junction is proposed as the pathogen detector. This device, which is made of PtSi alloy covering the pores of an n-type Silicon substrate, is a sensitive indicator of the dielectric constant of the material filling its pores. In particular, such a device has a unique reverse biased current-voltage (IV) relation that is sensitive to changes in electric fields around its surface, which change its breakdown voltage. The change caused in the breakdown voltage due to a pathogen dissolved in a liquid solution can be traced back to the dipole moment of the pathogen and used to identify it. Furthermore, application of a frequency varying ac signal to the device can help distinguish molecules with identical dipole moments. Each pathogen exhibits a frequency at which a sudden change in its characteristics occurs. This change in the characteristics causes an abrupt change in the breakdown voltage. The frequency at which the breakdown voltage changes is then used to identify the pathogen. 1. An electronic device for identifying molecules comprising:a metal semiconductor schottky contact having a porous surface;wherein the porous surface is comprised of a plurality of sharp edges, an electric field at one or more of the plurality of sharp edges is affected by one or more types of molecules in a material poured on the porous surface; and the effect on the electric field causes a change in a breakdown voltage of the electronic device.2. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the metal is comprised of PtSi.3. The electronic device of claim 2 , ...

IMPEDANCE MEASURING SEMICONDUCTOR CIRCUIT AND BLOOD-SUGAR LEVEL METER

There is a need to provide an impedance measuring semiconductor circuit and a blood-sugar level meter capable of improving the accuracy of measuring the impedance of a specimen, reducing an area in an analog front-end LSI chip, and reducing the LSI chip size. According to an embodiment, an impedance measuring semiconductor circuit includes: an operational amplifier; a resistance coupled between a negative input terminal and an output terminal of the operational amplifier; a D/A converter coupled to a positive input terminal; a switch; an A/D converter that is coupled with the output terminal of the operational amplifier and a one-side terminal of a specimen and measures an output voltage from the operational amplifier and a one-side terminal voltage; and a controller that controls an output voltage from the D/A converter based on a one-side terminal voltage measured by the A/D converter. 1. An impedance measuring semiconductor circuit that measures impedance of a specimen having a one-side terminal and a different-side terminal , comprising:an operational amplifier;a resistance coupled between a negative input terminal of the operational amplifier and an output terminal of the operational amplifier;a D/A converter coupled to a positive input terminal of the operational amplifier;a switch placed between the one-side terminal and the negative input terminal;an A/D converter that is coupled with an output terminal of the operational amplifier and the one-side terminal and measures an output voltage from the operational amplifier and a one-side terminal voltage as a terminal voltage of the one-side terminal; anda controller that controls an output voltage from the D/A converter based on the one-side terminal voltage measured by the A/D converter,wherein a different-side terminal voltage as a terminal voltage of the different-side terminal is set to a predetermined voltage; andwherein an output voltage from the operational amplifier is used to measure impedance of the ...

Analytical Method and Analytical System

An analytical method and an analytical system capable of more accurate analysis, in which a sample is analyzed by a capillary electrophoresis technique in which a voltage is applied to a sample solution introduced to a micro flow path, a separation analysis is performed for a component contained in the sample solution, and an optically measured value corresponding to an elapsed time after starting a measurement is measured. The analytical method comprises: a process of determining an interface arrival time point, based on the optically measured value when an interface between the sample solution and a migration liquid reaches a predetermined measurement position in the micro flow path; and a process of identifying the component contained in the sample solution using the optically measured value at the elapsed time after the interface arrival time point. 1. An analytical method for analyzing a sample by a capillary electrophoresis technique in which a voltage is applied to a sample solution introduced to a micro flow path , a separation analysis is performed for a component contained in the sample solution , and an optically measured value corresponding to an elapsed time after starting a measurement is measured , the analytical method comprising:a process of determining an interface arrival time point, based on the optically measured value when an interface between the sample solution and a migration liquid reaches a predetermined measurement position in the micro flow path; anda process of identifying the component contained in the sample solution using the optically measured value at the elapsed time after the interface arrival time point.2. The analytical method of claim 1 , wherein the sample solution is a solution containing blood as the sample claim 1 , and the component is hemoglobin.3. The analytical method of claim 1 , wherein the interface arrival time point is determined based on a change in the optically measured value when the interface reaches the ...

Microfluidic Biochip With Enhanced Sensitivity

A microfluidic biochip for detecting disease antigens using gold nano interdigitated electrode circuit under a controlled self-driven flow condition is disclosed. The biochip incorporates hydrophilic microchannels for controlled self-driven flow and gold nano interdigitated electrodes for capacitive sensing with enhanced sensitivity. The biochip's microchannel has a surface treated with oxygen plasma to control microchannel surface hydrophilicity and flow rate of the biofluid sample. Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) are utilized as an intermediate layer to enhance the binding capability to nano electrodes to enhance sensitivity. Due to the carboxylic groups of the CNTs, covalent bond binding between the antibodies and the CNTs allows the antibodies to adhere more readily on the surface of the electrodes. The quantity of antibodies attaching to the surface is increased due to the high surface to area ratio in CNTs. 1. A microfluidic chip with enhanced sensitivity to successfully detect the disease-specific antigen , comprisinga biochip having a microchannel for a controlled self-driven flow of a biofluid sample, anda gold nano interdigitated electrode for capacitive sensing with enhanced sensitivity.2. The microfluidic chip of wherein claim 1 , biofluid sample flow in the microchannel is self-driven due to the capillary effect of biofluid in the hydrophilic microchannel.3. The microfluidic chip of claim 1 , wherein the microchannel is surface treated with oxygen plasma to control hydrophilicity of a microchannel surface for controlling flow rate of biofluid in the microchannel.4. The microfluidic chip of claim 1 , wherein the gold nano interdigitated electrode is part of a circuit claim 1 , and the circuit is fabricated on a surface of the microchannel to detect biomolecular interactions in the microchannel.5. The microfluidic chip of claim 4 , wherein the biofluid sample has a cancer antigen that forms an antigen/antibody conjugation with a cancer antigen antibody ...

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING BANDS FOR BIOMEDICAL SENSORS AND BANDS PRODUCED ACCORDING TO THIS PROCESS

Process for producing bands for biological measurements on the basis of flexible circuits on a carrier strip, provided with a flexible insulating substrate provided, on at least one of its faces, with conductive tracks, contact pads and electrodes, includes the application, to said face, of masking means leaving the contact pads and/or the electrodes of the band visible and the selective deposition of a layer of noble metal on said contact pads and electrodes through said masking means. 1. A process for producing bands for biological measurements on the basis of flexible circuits on a carrier strip , provided with a flexible insulating substrate provided , on at least one of its faces , with conductive tracks , contact pads and electrodes , comprising an application , to said face , of masking means leaving the contact pads and/or the electrodes of the band visible and a selective deposition of a layer of noble metal on said contact pads and electrodes through said masking means.2. The process for producing bands as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the production of the carrier strip comprises a succession of steps comprising a deposition or a lamination of a first layer of metal or of a metal alloy on the flexible insulating substrate of said carrier strip and production of the tracks claim 1 , contact pads and electrodes by means of a photolithography or laser-etching process on said layer.3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , comprising claim 1 , before said selective deposition claim 1 , a deposition of a second layer of metal or of a metal alloy on the tracks claim 1 , contact pads and electrodes.4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the process is a reel to reel process producing a plurality of bands aligned side by side with one another continuously on the carrier strip which is rolled off a first reel and then rolled back onto a second reel.5. The process as claimed in claim 4 , wherein claim 4 , the carrier strip being rolled off again claim 4 , the ...

ANION SENSOR

The present invention announces a method for extending the storage life of a test reagent for quantification of ionic components in samples by using an anion sensor. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an anion sensor, wherein the storage life of the anion sensor itself may be extended, to thereby extend the storage life of the anion sensor beyond that of conventional anion sensors. According to the present invention, through adjustment of the pH of the internal solution (internal gel liquid), it is possible to provide an anion sensor that maintains consistent performance, and has longer storage life. 1. An anion sensor comprising:an ion electrode membrane obtained by performing coating treatment on a membrane containing a compound which has a cation, with a material containing a compound which has an ionization group of predetermined pKa;an internal solution accommodation portion which is disposed so as to enable contact of a portion or the entirety of a first surface of the ion electrode membrane with a sample and accommodates an internal solution so as to come into contact with a portion or the entirety of a second surface of the ion electrode membrane; andan electrode provided so as to come into contact with the internal solution accommodated in the internal solution accommodation portion,wherein the ion electrode membrane, the internal solution accommodation portion, and the electrode are disposed in a container,the internal solution contains NaCl or KCL, and a pH buffer solution, andpH of the internal solution is adjusted so as to be equal to or greater than pKa of the compound having the ionization group.2. The anion sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the coating treatment of the anion exchange membrane is performed with an amine compound claim 1 , and pH of the internal solution in a main body of the anion sensor has a value in a range from pH 3.7 to pH 11.3. (canceled)4. The anion sensor according to claim 2 , whereina concentration of ...

BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION MEASUREMENT DEVICE, AND BIOLOGICAL INFORMATOIN MEASUREMENT METHOD USING SAME

The present invention has an object of improving the measurement accuracy in a biological information measurement device, e.g., for measuring a blood glucose level. The device is configured to be able to change at least one of i) a voltage value to be applied to the second input terminal and the third input terminal (i.e., the blood component measurement counter electrode and the blood component measurement working electrode ) in the second biological information measurement mode D and ii) a voltage application time during which a voltage is applied to the second input terminal and the third input terminal in the second biological information measurement mode D based on the first biological information in the first biological information measurement mode A. A hematocrit value is measured in the first biological information measurement mode A, and a glucose value is measured based on the hematocrit value in the second biological information measurement mode D. 126-. (canceled)27. A biological information measurement device to which a biosensor is to be attached , the biosensor comprising a first electrode , a second electrode , a third electrode , and a reagent portion provided between the second electrode and the third electrode , the biological information measurement device comprising:a first input terminal to be connected to the first electrode;a second input terminal to be connected to the second electrode;a third input terminal to be connected to the third electrode;a voltage application portion that applies a voltage to the first input terminal, the second input terminal, and the third input terminal; anda control portion that is connected to the voltage application portion,wherein the control portion is configured to perform a first biological information measurement mode immediately after determining that the amount of the blood that has introduced is large enough to be measured, and then a second biological information measurement mode,in the first ...

BIOLOGICAL DETECTION CHIP, BIOLOGICAL DETECTION DEVICE, AND DETECTION METHOD THEREOF

A biological detection chip, a biological detection device, and a detection method thereof are disclosed. The biological detection chip includes a first base substrate and a plurality of detection units arranged in an array along a row direction and a column direction on the first base substrate. Each of the plurality of detection units includes a thin film transistor and an electrode, the thin film transistor is on the first base substrate and includes a gate electrode, a source electrode, and a drain electrode, and the electrode is on a side of the thin film transistor away from the first base substrate and is connected to the drain electrode, and the electrode is configured to carry a biological material to be detected. 1. A biological detection chip , comprising:a first base substrate; anda plurality of detection units arranged in an array along a row direction and a column direction on the first base substrate;wherein each of the plurality of detection units comprises a thin film transistor and an electrode, the thin film transistor is on the first base substrate and comprises a gate electrode, a source electrode, and a drain electrode, and the electrode is on a side of the thin film transistor away from the first base substrate and is connected to the drain electrode, andthe electrode is configured to carry a biological material to be detected.2. The biological detection chip according to claim 1 , further comprising:a plurality of gate lines; anda plurality of data lines arranged to intersect the plurality of gate lines,wherein each of the plurality of gate lines and the gate electrodes of the detection units in a same row are connected and are on a same layer, and each of the plurality of data lines and the source electrodes of the detection units in a same column are connected and are on a same layer.3. The biological detection chip according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of detection units comprise stimulation units and receiving units claim 1 , the ...

Biosensors for Detecting Cholesterol and OxLDL in Blood Sample

The present invention provides biosensors for detecting cholesterol and OxLDL in blood sample. The present invention relates to a paper-based colorimetric biosensor and an electrochemical biosensor each for detecting cholesterol and OxLDL in blood sample. The biosensors are inexpensive, rapid, simple, portable, diagnostics that incorporate information from multiple biomarkers associated with cardiovascular disease. The biosensors provide diagnostic test results that would place vital health data in the hands of doctors and patients and thus establish a framework for further advances in personalized medicine. 1100. A colorimetric biosensor () for detecting cholesterol in a blood sample comprises of:{'b': '101', 'a detection test strip () that is a substrate or solid support, capable of absorbing the reagents;'}{'b': 102', '103, 'a reagent ink, the reagent ink comprising enzyme mixture reagent () and color detection reagent () comprisingan enzyme selected from the group consisting of horseradish peroxidase, cholesterol oxidase;an ionic salt buffer solution selected from the group consisting of phosphate-buffered saline 1× (pbs 1×), surfactant including triton x-100 and sodium n-dodecyl sulfate;a humectant selected from the group consisting of glycerol and polyethylene glycol;a surfactant selected from the group consisting of triton x-100 and sodium n-dodecyl sulfate and a dye selected from the group consisting of tetramethylbenzidine (tmb), 4-aminoantipyrine (4-aap) or acetyl-3,7-dihydroxyphenoxazine (adhp);{'b': '104', 'a blood sample receiving region ();'}{'b': 500', '500', '500, 'i': a', 'a, 'a hydrophobic reagent ink () to form hydrophobic region (), the hydrophobic reagent ink () comprisinga hydrophobic sizing agent alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA);an organic solvent selected from the group consisting of acetone, benzene and hexanol;a surfactant selected from the group consisting of triton x-100 and sodium n-dodecyl sulfate; anda humectant selected from the group ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR MEASURING ERYTHROCYTE SEDIMENTATION RATE

An apparatus and method for measuring an erythrocyte sedimentation rate based on a change in conductivity of blood over time. The apparatus for measuring an erythrocyte sedimentation rate may include: a chamber for holding blood; a pair of electrodes being partially or completely brought into contact with the blood; and a conductivity meter measuring the conductivity through the pair of electrodes. The apparatus and method according to the present invention are less time-consuming than the Westergren method and can acquire a variety of information (for example, hematocrit, dynamics of the sedimentation rate and aggregation of erythrocytes, a relationship between the sedimentation rate and aggregation of erythrocytes, and the like). 1. An apparatus for measuring an erythrocyte sedimentation rate based on a change in conductivity of blood over time , comprising:a chamber for holding blood;a pair of electrodes partially or completely brought into contact with the blood; anda conductivity meter measuring the conductivity through the pair of electrodes.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the pair of electrodes is placed on a bottom surface of the chamber.3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the change in conductivity is found based on a difference between conductivities measured at two points of time.4. The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the two points of time are selected from a time section after the conductivity starts to decrease.5. The apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the erythrocyte sedimentation rate is measured through comparison of the change in conductivity with an erythrocyte sedimentation rate measured by the Westergren method.6. The apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein a relationship between the change in conductivity and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate measured by the Westergren method is represented by the following equation:{'br': None, 'i': 'W', 'sup': 'γ', 'Δσ=λ'}where Δσ denotes a difference (unit: S/m) ...

Nanopore sequencers

Example nanopore sequencers include a cis well, a trans well, and a nanopore fluidically connecting the cis and trans wells. In one example sequencer, a modified electrolyte (including an electrolyte and a cation complexing agent) is present in the cis well, or the trans well, or in the cis and the trans wells. In another example sequencer, a gel state polyelectrolyte is present in the cis well, or the trans well, or in the cis and the trans wells.

DETECTING HUANGLONGBING (HLB) IN CITRUS PLANTS BY ANALYZING CHANGES IN EMITTED VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

The disclosed embodiments relate to a technique for detecting Huanglongbing (HLB) infection in a citrus plant. This technique involves first gathering one or more samples of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emanating from the citrus plant. Next, a system measures VOCs in the gathered samples to determine a VOC profile for the citrus plant, wherein the VOC profile comprises measured values for a set of VOCs that comprise disease-specific biomarkers for HLB infection. Finally, the system determines an HLB infection status for the citrus plant by analyzing the VOC profile. 1. A method for detecting Huanglongbing (HLB) infection in a citrus plant , comprising:gathering one or more samples of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emanating from the citrus plant;measuring the VOCs in the gathered samples to determine a VOC profile for the citrus plant, wherein the VOC profile comprises measured values for a set of VOCs that comprise disease-specific biomarkers for HLB infection; anddetermining an HLB infection status for the citrus plant by analyzing the VOC profile.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein gathering the samples of the VOCs involves in situ collection of the samples.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the in situ collection of the sample involves using a sorbent-based sampling methodology.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the sorbent-based sampling methodology involves using a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based absorptive bead.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein gathering the samples involves gathering each sample for a predetermined duration spanning minutes to hours.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein gathering the samples involves gathering the samples at specific times of day.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein measuring the VOCs in the gathered samples involves using gas chromatography and/or mass spectrometry to perform the measurements.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the HLB infection status for the citrus plant involves:applying a partial least ...

Devices, systems, and methods for electrophoresis

Disclosed herein are devices that can be used to perform electrophoretic separations as well as methods of using thereof. The devices and methods described herein are inexpensive, user friendly, sensitive, portable, robust, efficient, thin, rapid, and use low voltage. As such, the device and methods are well suited for use in numerous applications including point-of-care (POC) diagnostics.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROCESSING ANALYTE SIGNALS IN GMR-BASED DETECTION OF BIOMARKERS

A signal processing system used for GMR-based detection of a target analyte in a sample under test, comprising: a measurement circuit configuration unit configured to build a GMR sensor measurement circuit by routing in at least one GMR sensor, and to build a reference resistor measurement circuit by routing in at least one reference resistor; a magnetic field excitation unit configured to apply an AC magnetic field of frequency ωto the at least one GMR sensor; a carrier signal applying unit configured to apply a carrier signal of frequency ωto the GMR sensor measurement circuit, and apply carrier signals of frequency ω, ω+ω, and ω−ωto the reference resistor measurement circuit; a measurement signal pick-up unit coupled to the measurement circuits, configured to collect reference resistor measurement signals from the reference resistor measurement circuit and GMR sensor measurement signals from the GMR sensor measurement circuit; and a phase sensitive solution unit coupled to the measurement signal pick-up unit, configured to analytically solve for resistance change of the at least one GMR sensor based on both the reference resistor measurement signals from the reference resistor measurement circuit and the GMR sensor measurement signals from the GMR sensor measurement circuit. 1. A signal processing system used for GMR-based detection of a target analyte in a sample under test , comprising:a measurement circuit configuration unit configured to build a GMR sensor measurement circuit by routing in at least one GMR sensor, and to build a reference resistor measurement circuit by routing in at least one reference resistor;{'sub': '2', 'a magnetic field excitation unit configured to apply an AC magnetic field of frequency ωto the at least one GMR sensor;'}{'sub': 1', '2', '1', '2, 'a carrier signal applying unit configured to apply a carrier signal of frequency on to the GMR sensor measurement circuit, and apply carrier signals of frequency on, ω+ω, and ω−ωto the ...

Bio-cell detection apparatus and bio detection method

The present invention provides a bio-cell detection apparatus and a bio detection method. The bio detection method includes: in absence of a biological reagent being introduced, pre-calibrating an initial value of a bio-cell detection chip. In absence of a sample to be tested in the bio-cell detection chip, introducing only the biological reagent into the bio-cell detection chip; and, measuring a first electrical parameter between a pair of opposing electrodes of the bio-cell detection chip. Introducing both the biological reagent and the sample to be tested into the bio-cell detection chip at the same time; and, measuring a second electrical parameter between the pair of opposing electrodes of the bio-cell detection chip. Comparing the second electrical parameter and the first electrical parameter, to determine whether a target biomolecule to be detected is present.

METHODS FOR IODIDE DETERMINATION

The present application is directed to the use of electrophoresis with UV detection in the determination of iodine nutritional status in human biological specimens, specifically for monitoring iodine deficiency/inadequacy in large-scale epidemiological studies. In particular, the present application is directed to a method for determining iodide and iodide uptake inhibitors in a human biological sample when using sample self-stacking with capillary electrophoresis and UV detection. 1. A method for determining iodide content in a sample comprising:a) subjecting the sample to sample self-stacking via transient isotachophoresis followed by zonal electrophoresis in which a background electrolyte (BGE) comprising an effective amount of a hydroxide salt, an effective amount of a complexing agent and an effective amount of an inorganic acid is used to generate an electropherogram; andb) determining the content of iodide in the sample from the electropherogram,wherein the BGE has a pH in the range of about 2 to about 4.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrophoresis is capillary electrophoresis (CE).3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample is diluted with deionized water by about 1.5-fold to about 4-fold.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein an internal standard added to the sample.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample is selected from bodily fluids claim 1 , and environmental claim 1 , food and drink samples.6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the sample is a human bodily fluid.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the human bodily fluid is selected from urine claim 6 , sweat and blood.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the effective amount of the hydroxide salt is from about 150 mM to about 200 mM.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the hydroxide salt is lithium hydroxide.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the effective amount of the complexation agent is from about 30 mM to about 60 mM.11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the complexation agent is α- ...

System And Method For Determining Dielectrophoresis Crossover Frequencies

The present invention provides a new method for accurately identifying DEP cross-over frequencies of one or more particles in a sample, and quickly and efficiently conveying that information to assist in the separation, e.g., DEP separation, or analysis of the one of more particles under examination or investigation. The present invention also provides an apparatus and method for monitoring the dielectrophoretic response of one or more particles and determining the DEP cross-over frequency of particles of interest. 1a chamber configured to receive a sample containing a target particle;an electric field source comprising an electrode;a signal generator in electrical communication with the electrode, the signal generator configured to generate an electric field on the sample in a manner causing the target particle to move with respect to the electrode, wherein the signal generator is configured to 1) adjust the electric field such that the target particle approximately pauses movement, and 2) further adjust the electric field such that the target particle changes direction and moves generally toward the electrode, wherein the path of movement of the target particle creates a reflex angle; andan image recording device configured to record images of cells in the sample responding to the electric field, the images configured for identifying the path of movement of the target particle with respect to the electrode, wherein the path of movement is used for identifying the dielectrophoretic cross-over frequency of the particle.. A system for determining a dielectrophoretic cross-over frequency of a target particle, the system comprising: This application is a division of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/302,408, filed Oct. 6, 2016, which is a 35 U.S.C. § 371 national phase entry of international PCT Application No. PCT/US2015/023971, filed Apr. 2, 2015, which claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/977, ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DETECTION OF NUCLEIC ACIDS

Embodiments provide detection systems and methods for detecting the presence of a nucleic acid in one or more samples. In a detection method, a sample and one or more nucleic acid probes are introduced into a channel. A first potential difference is applied across the length of the channel in a first direction, and a first electrical property value is detected. Subsequently, a second potential difference is applied across the length of the channel in a second opposite direction, and a second electrical property value is detected. Presence or absence of a nucleic acid in the channel is determined based on a comparison between the first and second electrical property values. 1. A method for detecting the presence or absence of a nucleic acid in a sample , the method comprising:introducing a nucleic acid probe into a channel, the channel having a length and a width, the length being substantially greater than the width;measuring one or more electrical properties of the channel along at least a portion of the length of the channel;determining a reference channel electrical property value based on the one or more electrical properties of the channel measured during the previous measuring step;introducing a sample into the channel;measuring the one or more electrical properties of the channel along at least the portion of the length of the channel after the sample and the nucleic acid probe are introduced into the channel;determining an electrical property value based on the one or more electrical properties measured after the nucleic acid probe and the sample are introduced into the channel;determining any differences between the reference channel electrical property value and the electrical property value; anddetermining whether a nucleic acid is present in the channel based on the differences, if any, between the reference channel electrical property value and the electrical property value.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining whether a nucleic acid is present ...