Mikrowellenreaktor und Verfahren zur Steuerung von Reaktionen von aktivierten Molekülen

CMOS Bildsensor mit Gradientindexlinsen in Chip-Grösse

Vorrichtung zum Aufschluß von Chemikalien

Apparatus for carrying out exothermic reaction comprises closed vessel containing medium which can be heated by introducing radiation energy, and device for producing energy

Apparatus for carrying out an exothermic reaction comprises a closed vessel (2) for the reactants and a device for producing energy. The closed vessel contains a medium (4) which can be heated by introducing radiation energy and the exothermic reaction of the reactants is triggered. An Independent claim is also included for a process for carrying out an exothermic reaction using the above apparatus. Preferred Features: The medium is a reactant of the reaction or is a medium for absorbing the reactants. The medium is an activated charcoal in powdered or fibrous form. The device for producing energy is a microwave source. A tubular holder (3) for receiving the medium is arranged in the vessel forming a chimney effect.

FLEXIBLER BEHÄLTER UND RAHMEN FÜR MIKROWELLEN ASSISTIERTE CHEMIE

Method and apparatus for microwave reduction of organic compounds

The invention relates to the utilization of high power density microwave energy to reduce organic material to carbon and their constituents, preferably primarily in a gaseous state. The organic material includes, but is not limited to, scrap tyres, plastics, asphalt roofing shingles, computer waste, medical waste, municipal solid waste, construction waste, shale oil, and PCB/PAH/HCB-laden materials. The process comprises the steps of feeding the organic material into a microwave applicator 12 and exposing the material to microwave energy fed from at least two linear polarized sources 18 in non-parallel alignment to each other (figure 4), and collecting the material. The at least two sources of microwave energy are preferably from a bifurcated waveguide assembly 30, whose outputs are perpendicular to each other and fed through a waveguide 32, 34 of proper impedance, such that the microwave sources are physically and electrically 90{ out of phase to each other. The microwave frequency is ...

Method and apparatus using microwave energy

The process generates energy from organic material utilizing microwaves. The waste from food item is dried and further heated under temperature control to convert it into a renewable source of energy. Enclosed in a glass chamber (2) it is then exposed to microwave energy. Apparatus comprises a microwave oven (1), a heat exchanger (3) and energy extraction systems (5) and (6). The microwave absorption creates an ionized hot air atmosphere of high-energy Plasma. This new process for hot plasma generates heat, pressure and electromotive energy, which can be converted by a heat exchanger a microwave ignited internal-combustion engine or a Magneto-Hydrodynamic (MHD) system, to the useful form of mechanical or electrical energy. The process incorporates a method for plasma confinement to harness its energy. Suitable feedback-control (7) makes the process self-sustaining with net gain in the output energy. Energy efficiency of the process measures the nutritional value of food item used.

Microwave power cell, chemical reactor, and power converter.

Microwave power cell, chemical reactor, and power converter.

Microwave power cell, chemical reactor, and power converter.

Provided is a power source and/or power converter. The power source includes a cell 910 for the catalysis of atomic hydrogen to form novel hydrogen species and/or compositions of matter comprising new forms of hydrogen. The reaction can be initiated and/or maintained by a microwave or glow discharge plasma of hydrogen and a source of catalyst. The plasma power may be converted to electricity by a magnetohydrodynamic power converter 913 or a plasmadynamic power converter.

Microwave power cell, chemical reactor, and power converter.

MICROWAVE TREATMENT OF GRANULATES IN A FLUID BED

CONTAINER FOR THE EXECUTION OF MICROWAVE-SUPPORTED OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS WITH SMALL TEST VOLUMES

Connection system

System zur Anbindung eines Anzeigeelementes (1) an einen plattenförmigen Gegenstand (2), wobei das System wie folgt umfasst: - ein Halteelement (3) zur Aufnahme des Anzeigeelementes (1) sowie - ein Trägerelement (4) zur Montage an dem plattenförmigen Gegenstand (2), wobei - das Trägerelement (4) einen Anbindungsabschnitt (6) zur Aufnahme des Halteelementes (3) aufweist, wobei - das Halteelement (3) einen von einer Basis (16) in eine erste Richtung abstehenden flexiblen Klemmabschnitt (7) aufweist, welcher am Anbindungsabschnitt (6) des Trägerelementes (4) klemmbar befestigbar ist, wobei - zur Herstellung der Klemmung ein normal auf eine Längsachse (5) des Trägerelementes (4) stehender Querschnitt des Anbindungsabschnittes (6) von dem Klemmabschnitt (7) des Halteelementes (3) umgreifbar ist und wobei - das Halteelement (3) einen an die Basis (16) anschließenden Halteabschnitt (15) zur lösbaren Befestigung des Anzeigeelementes (1) aufweist, wobei der Halteabschnitt (15) in eine zur ersten ...

MIKROWELLENSTERILISATIONSEINRICHTUNG

CHEMICAL MICROWAVE REACTOR

Cap for closing a sample vessel for microwave treatment

Kappe (1) zum Verschließen eines Probengefäßes (10) zur Mikrowellenbehandlung, insbesondere zum Aufschluss, von Proben umfassend: - einen Verschlusskörper (2) zum Verschließen des Probengefäßes (10), wobei der Verschlusskörper (2) auf ein Probengefäß (10) aufbringbar und im auf das Probengefäß (10) aufgebrachten Zustand der Kappe (1) das Probengefäß (10) an einer Dichtfläche (9) verschließt, - ein, insbesondere federbelastetes, Überdruckventil (3), und - zumindest einen Entlüftungskanal (4), wobei der Entlüftungskanal (4), das Überdruckventil (3) und der Verschlusskörper (2) derart ausgebildet sind und der Entlüftungskanal (4) den Verschlusskörper (2) über das Überdruckventil (3) mit der Umgebung derart verbindet, dass bei Übersteigen eines definierten ersten Druckniveaus an dem Verschlusskörper (2) überschüssiger Druck durch den Entlüftungskanal (4) in die Umgebung der Kappe (1) entweichen kann, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Reservoir (5) vorgesehen ist, wobei das Reservoir (5) und ...

EQUIPMENT FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF THE TEMPERATURE OF A IN A CONTAINER MICROWAVE TREATMENT EQUIPMENT OF AN APPROPRIATE ARTICLE

PROCEDURE AND DEVICES FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF REACTIVITY OF NATURAL TRIGLYCERIDEN BY MICROWAVE IRRADIATION

MICROWAVE STERILISATION MECHANISM

LIGHTING MECHANISM FOR A WITH MICROWAVE ENERGY SUBJECT-CASH FURNACE, IN PARTICULAR A HOUSEHOLD FURNACE.

MIKROWELLENSONDEAPPLIKATOR FOR PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROCEDURES

PROCEDURE FOR SUPERVISING AND CONTROLLING A BY MICROWAVES HEATING OF CHEMICAL PROCESS

INSTRUMENT FOR MICROWAVE-SUPPORTED CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS MISTAKE WITH STATIONARY VOTE

METHOD AND PLANT FOR THE THERMAL TREATMENT OF GRANULAR SOLIDS

MICROWAVE HEATING SYSTEM

Microwave heating device

ELECTROMAGNETIC PYROLYSIS METALLURGY

MICROWAVE BONDING ON THIN FILM METAL COATED SUBSTRATES

SUBJECTING A MATERIAL TO ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

Flexible vessel and frame for microwave assisted chemistry

CONTROLLED FLOW INSTRUMENT FOR MICROWAVE ASSISTED CHEMISTRY WITH HIGH VISCOSITY LIQUIDS AND HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES

A controlled-flow microwave instrument is disclosed for chemical synthesis that includes heterogeneous or highly viscous materials. The instrument includes a fluid reservoir for supplying or receiving fluids, a fluid pump in fluid communication with the reservoir for pumping fluids to or from the reservoir, a microwave transparent reaction vessel in fluid communication with the pump for supplying or receiving fluids to or from the pump and the reservoir, a pressure sensor in fluid communication with the reservoir and the vessel for measuring the pressure of fluids in the instrument at the sensor, and a processor in signal communication with the pressure sensor and the pump for controlling the pump and the flow of fluids in the instrument based at least in part on the pressure measured at the sensor. The instrument also includes a magnetic stirrer bar inside the vessel for agitating reactants in the vessel during exposure to microwave radiation, a first rotating magnet positioned external ...

PLASMA REACTOR FOR CARRYING OUT GAS REACTIONS AND METHOD FOR THE PLASMA-SUPPORTED REACTION OF GASES

The invention relates to a device for carrying out gas reactions, comprising a plasma reactor with a throughflow of gases, which in particular has a cylindrical plasma chamber, whereby the elements for forming a flow of gases are arranged before and/or in and/or after the plasma reactor in order to form a gas stream within the plasma chamber, whereby at least one, particularly central, zone in the gas flow is formed which is flow-reduced. The invention further relates to a method for carrying out gas reactions.

CONTINUOUS METHOD FOR PRODUCING ESTERS OF ALIPHATIC CARBOXYLIC ACIDS

The invention relates to a continuous method for producing aliphatic carbonic acid esters by reacting at least one aliphatic carboxylic acid of formula (I) R1-COOH (I), wherein R1 represents hydrogen or an optionally substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group with 1 to 50 carbon atoms, with at least one alcohol of formula (II) R2-(OH)n (II), wherein R2 represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group with 1 to 100 C atoms and n is an integer from 1 to 10, in the presence of at least one transesterification catalyst in a reaction tube the longitudinal axis of which extends in the direction of propagation of the microwaves of a monomode microwave applicator, under microwave irradiation to form the ester.

APPARATUS FOR SUBJECTING A MATERIAL TO ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

Apparatus is disclosed for treating dielectric material, which may be solid, liquid or gaseous, with microwaves. The apparatus comprises a cylindrical receptacle for the material and has one or more microwave antennae mounted within the receptacle for radiating microwave energy into the material to be treated. The form of the or each antenna is such that it defines a similar cylinder to the receptacle and is similarly oriented. For example, there may be a single antenna in the form of a rod or helix coaxial with the receptacle, or a plurality of rod-like antennae arranged to lie along respective generatrices of a cylindrical surface coaxial with the receptacle. The or each antenna may be hollow and provide with longitudinal slots for radiating the energy. The apparatus provides uniform distribution of the energy along the length of the receptacle.

APPARATUS FOR SUBJECTING A MATERIAL TO ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

REACTION AND TEMPERATURE CONTROL FOR HIGH POWER MICROWAVE-ASSISTED CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES

A method is disclosed for carrying out microwave assisted chemical reactions. The method includes the steps of placing reactants in a microwave-transparent vessel, placing the vessel and its contents into a microwave cavity, applying microwave radiation within the cavity and to the vessel and its contents while concurrently externally cooling the vessel conductively.

METHOD OF FORMING A COMPRESSED COMPOSITE PRODUCT

The present invention is a method of forming a compressed product. The method includes introducing a material into a press that is oscillating between a compression phase and a release phase. The material has a compression recovery response time when compressed and released. The compressed product is formed by repeatedly compressing the material during the compression phase and releasing the material during the release phase.

INSTRUMENT FOR PERFORMING MICROWAVE-ASSISTED REACTIONS

An instrument for performing microwave-assisted reactions and an associated method are disclosed. The Instrument typically includes (i) a microwave-radiation source, (11) a cavity, (iii) a waveguide in microwave communication with the microwave-radiation source and the cavity, (iv) at least one reaction-vessel sensor for determining the number and/or type of reaction vessels positioned within the cavity, (v) an interface, and (vi) a computer controller. The computer controller is typically in communication with the interface, the microwave-radiation source, and the reaction-vessel sensor. The computer controller is typically capable of determining the output of the microwave-radiation source in response to the number and/or type of reaction vessels positioned within the cavity.

DEVICE FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION TREATMENT OF A REACTIVE MEDIUM

L'invention porte sur un appareil de traitement par rayonnement électromagnétique d'un milieu réactif comprenant un générateur (1) de rayonnement électromagnétique, un réacteur (2) contenant ledit milieu réactif, et un dispositif de transmission (3) du rayonnement électromagnétique généré par le générateur (1) au milieu réactif contenu dans ledit réacteur (2), ledit dispositif (3) comprenant un guide d'ondes (4) destiné à transmettre le rayonnement électromagnétique du générateur (1) et des moyens de couplage (5) agencés pour permettre le transfert dans le milieu réactif de l'énergie électromagnétique transmise par le guide d'ondes (4), caractérisé en ce que le guide d'ondes (4) comporte un tronçon recourbé (40), notamment en forme générale de U , formant une boucle de retour dudit guide d'ondes (4), et en ce qu'il comprend une paroi de séparation (92) permettant d'isoler le générateur (1) du réacteur (2), ledit réacteur (2) étant couplé au tronçon recourbé (40) du guide d'ondes (4) et ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR SIMULTANEOUS STERILIZATION OF MULTIPLE MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS

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METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF GRANULAR SOLID PARTICLES

CONTINUOUS METHOD OF PREPARING ALIPHATIC CARBOXYLIC ACID ESTERS

УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ НЕПРЕРЫВНОГО ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ХИМИЧЕСКИХ РЕАКЦИЙ ПРИ ВЫСОКОЙ ТЕМПЕРАТУРЕ

Изобретение относится к устройству для непрерывного проведения химических реакций. Указанное устройство включает в себя микроволновый генератор, микроволновый накладной электрод, в котором находится трубка, проницаемая для микроволн, и изотермическую реакционную зону, которая расположена таким образом, что материал, который будет взаимодействовать, направляется внутрь трубки, проницаемой для микроволн, через микроволновый накладной электрод, который используется в качестве нагревающей зоны, внутри которой смесь нагревается до температуры реакции под действием микроволн, которые испускаются из микроволнового генератора в микроволновый накладной электрод. Материал, который будет взаимодействовать и который нагревается и необязательно находится под давлением, сразу после выхода из нагревающей зоны перемещается из микроволнового накладного электрода в изотермическую реакционную зону, причем указанная реакционная зона расположена после нагревающей зоны, и смесь охлаждается сразу после выхода ...

МИКРОВОЛНОВАЯ ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКАЯ ЯЧЕЙКА, ХИМИЧЕСКИЙ РЕАКТОР И ПРЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬ ЭНЕРГИИ

Настоящее изобретение относится к источнику энергии и/или преобразователю энергии. Источник энергии содержит ячейку, предназначенную для катализа атомарного водорода с формированием новых разновидностей водорода и/или соединений вещества, содержащих новые разновидности водорода. Реакция может инициироваться и/или поддерживаться с помощью микроволновой плазмы или плазмы тлеющего разряда, сформированной на основе водорода и источника катализатора. Энергия, получаемая в результате катализа водорода, может быть непосредственно преобразована в электрическую энергию, поскольку в результате выделения этой энергии образуется плазма, или эта энергия расходуется на поддержание плазмы. Энергия плазмы может быть преобразована в электричество с помощью магнитогидродинамического преобразователя энергии из энергии направленного потока ионов, формирующегося с использованием магнитного зеркала, в основе работы которого используется условие адиабатической инварианты В качестве альтернативы в преобразователе ...

MICROWAVE POWER CELL, CHEMICAL REACTOR AND ENERGY CONVERTER

Susceptor

A susceptor includes a first body including a plurality of first holes and a second body including a plurality of second holes. According to one arrangement, the second body is spaced from the first body to form a gap which allows a gas to pass from the second holes to the first holes. According to this or another arrangement, the first body is removably or rotatably coupled to the second body, or both. Rotation of the second body by a first amount or in a first direction brings at least one first hole in alignment with at least one second hole. And, rotation of the second body by a second amount or in a second direction causes a misalignment to occur between these holes.

Microwave applicator

An internal combustion engine, an ignition plug, plasma equipment, and an apparatus using the plasma equipment

CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS COMPRISING A HEAT TREATMENT BY INTERMITTENT DIELECTRIC HEATING, COMBINES HAS A SYSTEM OF RECIRCULATION

TEMPERATURE GAUGE AND APPARATUS ELECTRIC HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES COMPRISING SUCH A SENSOR

APPARATUS FOR CARRYING OUT A CHEMICAL REACTION WET SIMULTANEOUSLY ON A PLURALITY OF SAMPLES AND USE OF SAID APPARATUS.

DEVICE Of ELECTROMAGNETIC APPLICATION Of ENERGY HAS a REACTIVE MEDIUM

Process for chemical syntheses comprises intermittent dielectric heating combined with recirculation, suitable for operation on laboratory and industrial scales

La présente invention concerne la conception d'un procédé par chauffage diélectrique intermittent combiné à un système de recirculation. Ce procédé consiste à soumettre les réactifs à des ondes électromagnétiques choisies dans les fréquences allant de 300GHz à 3MHz de manière intermittente à l'aide d'un système de recirculation. Permet de traiter même les huiles absorbant peu. Grande économie d'investissement. Ce procédé permet de travailler à différentes échelles, aussi bien à l'échelle laboratoire, semi-industrielle ou industrielle, sans perdre les avantages du chauffage diélectrique continu.

OBTAINING a VEGETABLE EXTRACT USING MICROWAVES

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'obtention d'un extrait végétal à partir de tout ou partie d'une plante comprenant les étapes suivantes : (a) mise en place de la plante ou partie de plante dans un récipient (1) connecté à un réfrigérant (2) par l'intermédiaire d'un connecteur (3), le réfrigérant (2) surmontant un récipient collecteur (4) destiné à collecter l'extrait végétal, l'ensemble de ces éléments étant contenu à l'intérieur de l'enceinte d'un four à micro-ondes (5), (b) soumission de la plante ou partie de plante à des micro-ondes de manière à permettre la distillation de l'extrait végétal, et (c) récupération de l'extrait végétal condensé dans le récipient collecteur (4), ainsi qu'un dispositif permettant de mettre en œuvre un tel procédé.

PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR the HEAT TREATMENT Of a FLEXIBLE MATERIAL

DEVICE FOR TRANSMITTING ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION TO A REACTIVE MEDIUM

L'invention porte sur un dispositif (30) de transmission d'un rayonnement électromagnétique à un milieu réactif, comprenant un guide d'ondes (4) destiné à transmettre le rayonnement électromagnétique d'un générateur (1) de rayonnement électromagnétique audit milieu réactif, ledit dispositif (30) étant remarquable en ce que le guide d'ondes (4) comporte un tronçon recourbé (40), notamment en forme générale de « U », formant une boucle de retour dudit guide d'ondes (4). L'invention se rapporte également à un appareil de traitement par rayonnement électromagnétique d'un milieu réactif comprenant un tel dispositif (30) de transmission. La présente invention trouve une application dans le domaine des appareils de traitement thermique d'un milieu réactif, notamment par des rayonnements du type micro ondes.

Ignition device, internal combustion engine, ignition plug, plasma apparatus, exhaust gas decomposition apparatus, ozone generation/sterilization/disinfection apparatus, and deodorization apparatus

Device for continuously carrying out chemical reactions at high temperatures

MICROWAVE HEATING TREATMENT METHOD AND MICROWAVE HEATING TREATMENT APPARATUS

The purpose of the present invention is to efficiently perform an annealing process on a film, as an annealing target, within a short time while preventing negative effects of excessive microwave irradiation. A microwave heating treatment method includes: a first step of heating an object to be treated which has the film, as an annealing target, and a substrate main body on which the film as an annealing target is formed by irradiating the substrate main body with microwaves; and a second step of stopping irradiation of microwaves. Conversion from the first step to the second step is performed at time t2 or less when or after a temperature (T1) of the film to be annealed is the same as a target temperature (T) for heating the film to be annealed or higher. The time t2 is shorter than t4 when a temperature (T2) of the substrate main body reaches the highest level. Preferably ΔT is maximized at t2. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2016 (AA) Time (second) ...

SAMPLE CONCENTRATION METHOD AND APPARATUS

A method and apparatus for controlled concentration of an analyte containing liquid sample. Embodiments include using microwave energy to heat a sample while reducing pressure in a chamber. The combination of reduced pressure and microwave energy can provide sufficient heat to vaporize a portion of the liquid while maintaining analyte integrity. The method and apparatus can increase speed and sensitivity of analyte detection.

IN-LINE MICROWAVE WARMING APPARATUS

Microwave warming apparatus includes a housing defining a heating waveguide with a longitudinal ridge and a heating cavity. A slot extends through the ridge into the heating cavity for receiving a cartridge containing a looped tube so that the tube extends into the heating cavity where the tube contents are heated by energy coupled into the waveguide. Receiving waveguides adjacent to the slot sense the thermal radiation emanating from the tube and deliver corresponding signals to a radiometer which produces a temperature indication. The cartridge includes a support member which maintains the shape of the tube loop. A pair of notches in the support member have walls enabling the notches to complete the receiving waveguides in the housing.

PLASMA CATALYST

Methods and apparatus are provided for igniting, modulating, and sustaining a plasma for various plasma processes and treatments. In one embodiment, a plasma is ignited by subjecting a gas in a multi-mode processing cavity to electromagnetic radiation having a frequency between about 1MHz and about 333 GHz in the presence of a plasma, which may be passive or active. A passive plasma catalyst may include, for example, any object capable of inducing a plasma by deforming a local electric field. An active plasma catalyst can include any particle or high energy wave packet capable of transferring a sufficient amount of energy to a gaseous atom or molecule to remove at least one electron from the gaseous atom or molecule, in the presence of electromagnetic radiation.

WOOD TREATMENT METHOD AND APPARATUS EMPLOYING DETACHABLE BUNDLE SUPPORT STRUCTURE

A wood treatment method and apparatus employing a bundle support structure to support a bundle of wood during transportation and treatment of the bundle. The bundle support structure rests on a movable cart during transportation of the bundle, but is detached from the movable cart during treatment of the bundle.

MICROWAVE HEATER AND METHOD OF HEATING

A microwave heater and method of heating are provided. The microwave heater includes a non-resonant enclosure and a continuous helical antenna within the non-resonant enclosure. The continuous helical antenna is configured to receive therein a load to be heated by microwaves radiated from the continuous helical antenna.

COMBINED HIGH ENERGY FIELD AIR STERILIZER AND ABSORPTION CHILLER/COOLER

An apparatus and method for sterilizing airborne pathogens and reducing airborne pollutants in air for buildings, aircraft, or other structures. The apparatus is capable of high air flows and is integrated with an efficient air heating/cooling system. High fields are produces by a static, preferably infrared, field combined with a high intensity microwave field. This combination allows fields to develop that are high enough in intensity to kill pathogens and dissociate contaminant molecules. The heat produced by the field generators is used to operate an absorption chiller to cool and dehumidify, or alternatively heat, the sterilized air before it is returned to the building or structure.

MICROWAVE BONDING ON THIN FILM METAL COATED SUBSTRATES

Bonding of materials such as MEMS materials is carried out using microwaves. High microwave absorbing films (102) are placed within a microwave cavity (110) containing other less microwave absorbing materials (100, 104) ,and excited to cause selective heating in the skin depth (101) of the films (102). This causes heating in one place more than another. This thereby minimizes unwanted heating effects during the microwave bonding process.

MICROWAVE HEATING-PURPOSE SAMPLE DECOMPOSITION REACTION VESSEL

An object of he invention is to provide a decomposition reaction vessel adapted for microwave decomposition method and allowing visual observation of a sample in the process of reaction from outside and being capable of being used for every microwave generating device without being deformed. As a solving means therefor, it comprises an outer vessel of metal consisting of an outer sleeve having a plurality of slits cut therein and an outer lid removably threadedly fitted to the top of the outer sleeve, and an inner vessel consisting of a bottomed semitransparent inner sleeve and an inner lid seated on the top of the inner sleeve, wherein the inner sleeve is stored in the outer vessel with its outer peripheral surface being in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outer sleeve, the inner sleeve and inner lid being pressed by a pressing means so that the interior of the inner vessel is held in a hermetically closed state.

APPARATUS FOR DEPOSITING A PLASMA CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION COATING ON THE INSIDE OF AN OPTICAL FIBER PREFORM

This present invention is directed to an apparatus for depositing a plasma chemical vapor deposition (PCVD) coating on the inside of a preform used for the drawing of optical fibers. This invention further relates to a novel microwave applicator design used in the apparatus; preferably allowing for a more intense, circumferentially symmetric plasma about the longitudinal axis of the preform, under normal operating conditions; resulting in a more uniform coating and a reduced applicator length, and a method for making the coated preform.

MICROWAVE HEATING APPARATUS

The present invention relates to an apparatus for heating a sample, such as chemical reaction mixtures, whose dielectric properties varies during the heating process. In particular, the present invention relates to a microwave heating apparatus comprising a microwave generator, a waveguide for guiding the generated microwaves to an applicator, and a deflector formed by a closed loop defining a plane, said deflector having an inherent resonance frequency and a thickness in a direction normal to said plane, the deflector being rotatable around an axis being at least substantially parallel to said plane, the deflector being positioned in the waveguide so as to form a resonant cavity with the sample and the waveguide applicator. The resonance conditions of the resonant cavity and the coupling factor of radiation from the waveguide to the cavity are easily adjustable by rotation of the deflector. The resonance conditions and the coupling factor can be adjusted in response to the dielectric properties ...

APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR PERFORMING A CHEMICAL REACTION

There is disclosed an apparatus and process for performing chemical reaction using microwave emissions. The apparatus includes a cabinet (1) and a heating means (2) for generating microwave energy within the cabinet. A cooling means (3) also provided within the cabinet is controllable to initiate a cooling cycle after cessation of, or during a specific period of a heating cycle. The process thereby includes successively subjecting a sample within the cabinet to microwave emission and cooling cycles.

Substrate processing apparatus and method for manufacturing semiconductor device

A substrate processing apparatus includes a process chamber which processes a substrate, a conductive substrate support table which is installed within the process chamber, a dielectric plate on which the substrate is mounted, the dielectric plate being placed on the substrate support table, a microwave generator which is installed outside the process chamber, and a microwave supplying unit which supplies a microwave generated by the microwave generator into the process chamber.

Plasma generation and processing with multiple radiation sources

Plasma-assisted methods and apparatus that use multiple radiation sources are provided. In one embodiment, a plasma is ignited by subjecting a gas in a processing cavity to electromagnetic radiation having a frequency less than about 333 GHz in the presence of a plasma catalyst, which may be passive or active. A controller can be used to delay activation of one radiation source with respect to another.

Microwave heating apparatus

Microwave heating apparatus comprising a dielectric microwave applicator provided with a microwave coupling means adapted to feed microwave energy to the applicator. The applicator is provided with a load chamber 8 extending coaxially with regard to the centre axis of the applicator from an upper end to a predetermined distance from a lower end of the applicator, said load chamber is adapted to receive a load to be heated. The dielectric applicator comprises two sections, an upper section 4 provided with the load chamber and a lower section 6 for impedance matching between the coupling means and upper section. In a preferred embodiment the lower section has an increasing cross-sectional area from the coupling means to the intersection to the upper section.

In-cavity connectors for system detectors in microwave assisted processes

A system is disclosed for carrying out microwave assisted chemical reactions. The system includes a source of microwave radiation, a cavity in communication with the source, a plurality of reaction vessels in the cavity, a pressure line in fluid communication with at least one of the reaction vessels, a pressure transducer in communication with the pressure line, an electrical connector for the transducer in a wall of the cavity, and a shield around the connector that prevents microwaves launched into the cavity from interfering with electrical signals transmitted through the connector.

Conveyorized microwave heating system

A system for heating objects serially within a plurality of separate heating zones is described. Objects are placed on pallets and sequentially moved through the plurality of heating zones. In a preferred embodiment, the pallets are fabricated of a microwave absorptive material and sequentially moved through a plurality of microwave cavities. The microwave cavities are provided with a source of microwave energy which heats the pallets, and by conduction, the objects placed thereon.

Method and apparatus for the rapid decalcification and fixation of mineralized tissues

A method and apparatus for rapid fixation and decalcification of calcified tissues using a MW oven with adjustable variable continuous power output, a specialized tissue handling system and an external temperature control device to maintain reagent temperature control external to the MW environment. Tissues are placed in cassettes, which are then placed in a tissue handling system. The tissue handling system also provides a specialized external container, which allows for the recirculation and cooling of reagents external to the MW cavity. The external device is a recirculation device having both heating and cooling capacities for a range of different processing reagents.

Process and apparatus for subjecting a material to electromagnetic waves

Apparatus is disclosed for treating dielectric material, which may be solid, liquid or gaseous, with microwaves. The apparatus comprises a cylindrical receptacle for the material and has one or more microwave antennae mounted within the receptacle for radiating microwave energy into the material to be treated. The form of the or each antennae is such that it defines a similar cylinder to the receptacle and is similarly oriented. For example, there may be a single antennae in the form of a rod or helix coaxial with the receptacle, or a plurality of rod-like antennae arranged to lie along respective generatrices of a cylinder surface coaxial with the receptacle. The or each antenna may be hollow and provided with longitudinal slots for radiating the energy. The apparatus provides uniform distribution of the energy along the length of the receptacle.

Method and apparatus for rapid thermal processing and bonding of materials using RF and microwaves

A method and apparatus for rapid and selective heating of materials using variable frequency RF and microwaves. The apparatus uses variable frequency solid state electronics as a microwave power source, a novel microwave heating head to couple microwave energy to the target materials and a match-up network to tune the frequency and impedance match between the microwave source and the load. An electronic and computer measurement and control system is employed to monitor and control the microwave heating process. The method teaches the use of inductive microwave coupling for thin conductive materials such as metal film and impurity doped silicon wafers. The method also teaches the use of capacitive microwave coupling for dielectric material such as glass and ceramics. The method further teaches the use of rapid and selective heating of heterostructure for bonding and sealing of mems and integrated circuits. The method and apparatus can provide ultra-high heating speed along with ultra-high ...

Ignition apparatus, internal-combustion engine, ignition plug, plasma equipment, exhaust gas degradation apparatus, ozone generating/sterilizing/disinfecting apparatus and odor eliminating apparatus

A plasma equipment comprising a microwave oscillator for generating a predetermined microwave band, a microwave resonant cavity for allowing the predetermined microwave band to resonate, and microwave radiation means for radiating the microwave into the microwave resonant cavity, wherein the microwave radiation means is a microwave radiation antenna having the shape and the size so as to form a strong electric field of the microwave in a plasma generation field formed by the microwave.

MICROWAVE IRRADIATION OF A CHAMBER WITH TIME-VARYING MICROWAVE FREQUENCY OR MULTIPLE MICROWAVE FREQUENCIES

A reaction chamber contains catalytic material(s). Tunable microwave source(s) each emit microwave radiation at corresponding time-varying microwave frequency(ies) or at simultaneous multiple different microwave frequencies. Microwave transmission element(s) irradiate the interior volume of the reaction chamber with the microwave radiation, emitted by the microwave source(s), that propagates along the transmission element(s) into the reaction chamber. The reaction chamber is characterized by a maximum temperature variation of a fixed-frequency, steady-state temperature spatial profile that results from irradiation of the reaction chamber by microwave radiation at a substantially fixed microwave frequency and at a reference microwave power level. Irradiation of the reaction chamber at the reference microwave power level by the microwave radiation with the time-varying microwave frequency(ies), or the simultaneous multiple different microwave frequencies, results in a multi-frequency temperature spatial profile having a maximum temperature variation less than the maximum temperature variation of the fixed-frequency, steady-state temperature spatial profile. 1. An apparatus comprising:(a) a reaction chamber containing one or more catalytic materials;(b) one or more microwave sources arranged collectively so as to emit microwave radiation at multiple different microwave frequencies simultaneously or at one or more time-varying microwave frequencies; and(c) one or more microwave transmission elements arranged so as to irradiate at least portions of an interior volume of the reaction chamber with the microwave radiation of part (b) that propagates along the one or more microwave transmission elements into the reaction chamber,wherein:(d) the reaction chamber is characterized by a maximum temperature variation of a fixed-frequency, steady-state temperature spatial profile that results from irradiation, along the one or more microwave transmission elements, of the interior ...

Production of Iron

A process for direct reduction of iron ore in a solid state is disclosed. The process operates under anoxic conditions with biomass as a reductant and with electromagnetic energy as a source of heat.

Method for synthesis of colloidal nanoparticles

A method for synthesis of high quality colloidal nanoparticles using comprises a high heating rate process. Irradiation of single mode, high power, microwave is a particularly well suited technique to realize high quality semiconductor nanoparticles. The use of microwave radiation effectively automates the synthesis, and more importantly, permits the use of a continuous flow microwave reactor for commercial preparation of the high quality colloidal nanoparticles.

ELECTROMAGNETIC PYROLYSIS METALLURGY

A method to enhance the extraction of an element from an ore includes subjecting the ore, or element bearing material to electromagnetic radiation to induce pyrolysis of the material. The residue of the pyrolysis may then be processed in a conventional manner to extract the element. The radiation used in the invention has a wavelength longer than microwave radiation, and is preferably 100mm or longer. Preferably, radio waves are used as the radiation to effect pyrolysis.

Process and device for making an extract of biological material

Described is a fragrance control release system which is an emulsifier-free, single phase, nonporous, continuous, permeable polymeric film having a substantially uniform thickness of from about 1 up to about 150 microns, having entrapped and dissolved therein molecules of at least one fragrance substance capable of evolving from said film into the environment proximate said film by means of molecular diffusion at a permeation rate of from about 1x 10-7 up to about 0.1 mg-mm/cm2-min in a sustained and controlled release manner. Also described is a process for using the aforementioned system for imparting a fragrance into the environment above the unobstructed outer surface of the aforementioned polymer film which is coated on the surface of a solid or semi-solid, e.g., a solid surface or human epidermis.

SEALING CLOSURE FOR HIGH PRESSURE VESSELS IN MICROWAVE ASSISTED CHEMISTRY

Process to warm a fluid such as a cosmetic product before use passes the fluid at room temperature into a pre warmed container directly before use and stirs

A process to warm a fluid before use comprises passing the fluid at room temperature into a pre-warmed container (2) directly before use and stirring to equalize the temperature. Preferably the fluid is a cosmetic or hair product. Independent claims are also included for the following: (A) a device for the above process;and (B) a container having a heat store for the above.

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG FUER DIE WAERMEBEHANDLUNG EINES PLATTENFOERMIGEN KOERPERS

ELEKTRISCHE SCHUTZEINRICHTUNG FUER EIN MIKROWELLENGERAET

Einkoppeleinheit, Mikrowellenreaktor und Verfahren zum Einkoppeln von Mikrowellen

Zum Einkoppeln von Mikrowellen in einen Reaktor zur Pyrolyse von kohlenstoffhaltigem Material wird eine Einkoppeleinheit vorgeschlagen, die mindestens ein scheibenförmiges Element aus einem Material aufweist, das für Mikrowellen transparent ist, wobei das scheibenförmige Element im eingebauten Zustand der Einkoppeleinheit den Innenraum eines Mikrowellenreaktors vom Außenraum des Mikrowellenreaktors abtrennt, und die eine Gaszufuhr (8, 9, 10, 13) aufweist, die derart angeordnet ist, dass sie auf der im eingebauten Zustand dem Reaktorinnenraum (16) zugewandten Seite des scheibenförmigen Elements (12) mündet. Das zugeführte Gas (11) bildet ein Schutzpolster gegen mögliche störende Ablagerungen auf dem scheibenförmigen Element (12).

Vorrichtung zur Durchführung chemischer Reaktionen und Prozesse in Hochfrequenzfeldern

The aim of the invention is to create a device which operates in a highly reliable manner with minimum loss of energy, requiring a minimum amount of technical complexity for a wide range of applications used to carry out chemical reactions and processes in high frequency fields. According to the invention, rod-shaped elements are provided around the reactor (1). Said elements form a pressure-stable cage and can be individually fixed to the wall (4) of the high frequency chamber (2) with the aid of fixing elements (6). The rod-shaped elements respectively possess a guide (11) which is used to receive a crown-shaped holder (12) for the reactor (1) or a reactor closure (13, 13a). When the rod-like elements (5) are fixed in a positive fit, the holder (12) is secured in such a way that alignment and centering can occur. The inventive device advantageously enables energy to be supplied during decomposition, hydrolysis, chemical synthesis, extraction, distillation, drying and other reactions and ...

MIKROWELLENBEHANDLUNG VON GRANULATEN IN EINEM RINGFÖRMIGEN WIRBELBETT

In-situ temp. measurement of test specimen in pressure container for chemical classification

The container (1) consists of a material which is transmissive for IR within a defined spectral region. The gases emanating from the container are fed to a collection vessel contg. neutralising chemicals.The IR radiation emitted by the specimen (2) is collected by a light conductor (3) which filters out the surface radiation from the container. The IR specimen radiation is fed to a selective narrow band IR detector (4). The transmission window for the IR radiation lies between 2500 and 3500 wave numbers per cm.

Spectroscopy based real time control for microwave assisted chemistry

The invention is an instrument and method for microwave-assisted chemical synthesis. The instrument includes a source of microwave radiation (25) for applying microwave energy to a sample, a microwave cavity (27) in wave communication with the source for holding the sample during the application of microwave energy, and a substantially monochromatic radiation source in electromagnetic communication with the cavity for applying substantially monochromatic light to the sample. The instrument further includes a detector positioned to detect Raman scattering of light from the monochromatic source by the sample, and a controller in signal communication with the microwave energy source and the Raman scattering detector for moderating the application of microwave energy to the sample based upon the detected Raman scattering.

Method and apparatus for microwave reduction of organic compounds

Method and apparatus using microwave energy

Cooking device

A cooking device 1 for frying food in a microwave oven comprises a low pressure gas chamber 2; a plasma igniting means configured to ignite plasma within the low pressure gas chamber when supplied with microwave radiation; and a cooking enclosure 3 formed of metal, the cooking enclosure defining a food-receiving region and being thermally coupled to the low pressure gas chamber. In use, a food item to be cooked is placed on to metal frying plate 4, the cooking enclosure is closed by placing metal cover 6 over the frying plate to shield the food item from microwave radiation and the entire device is loaded into a standard microwave oven. Once the microwave oven is turned on, microwave radiation causes plasma to be ignited in the low pressure gas chamber, producing heat that is transferred by conduction from the walls of the chamber to the frying plate.

APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING CHEMICAL REACTION

Microwave Assisted Chemical Synthesis Instrument with Controlled Pressure Release

An instrument is disclosed for carrying out controlled microwave assisted chemical processes, and that is particularly useful for handling relatively small samples. The instrument includes a needle, and a needle seal adjacent the needle and having a shaft coaxial with the needle and in communication with the needle. A pressure transducer is opposite the needle seal from the needle and in communication with the shaft. A housing holds the needle to the needle seal and the needle seal to the transducer. A chamber is formed between the housing and the needle seal. A lateral shaft goes through the needle seal from the coaxial shaft to the chamber in the housing, and a valve is in communication with the chamber.

Heat treating apparatus, heat treating method and storage medium

A heat treating apparatus, which performs a specified heat treatment on a target object, includes a processing chamber accommodating therein the target object; a mounting table for mounting thereon the target object; a vacuum exhaust system for vacuum evacuating the processing chamber; an electromagnetic wave supply unit for irradiating an electromagnetic wave onto the target object to heat the target object; and a controller for controlling the heat treating apparatus such that the electromagnetic wave is irradiated onto the target object at a high vacuum level at which plasma is not generated. Further, a heat treating method performs a specified heat treatment on a target object, wherein the target object is accommodated in a processing chamber capable of being vacuum evacuated, and the target object is heated by irradiating an electromagnetic wave thereon at a high vacuum level at which plasma is not generated in the processing chamber.

Substrate processing apparatus and method of manufacturing semiconductor device

Provided are a substrate processing apparatus and a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device that are capable of uniformly heating a substrate while reducing an increase in substrate temperature to reduce a thermal budget. The substrate processing apparatus includes a process chamber configured to process a substrate; a substrate support unit installed in the process chamber to support the substrate; a microwave supply unit configured to supply a microwave toward a process surface of the substrate supported by the substrate support unit, the microwave supply unit including a microwave radiating unit radiating the microwave supplied from a microwave source to the process chamber while rotating; a partition installed between the microwave supply unit and the substrate support unit; a cooling unit installed at the substrate support unit; and a control unit configured to control at least the substrate support unit, the microwave supply unit and the cooling unit.

Substrate processing apparatus and method for manufacturing semiconductor device

A substrate processing apparatus includes a process chamber which processes a substrate, a conductive substrate support table which is installed within the process chamber, a dielectric plate on which the substrate is mounted, the dielectric plate being placed on the substrate support table, a microwave generator which is installed outside the process chamber, and a microwave supplying unit which supplies a microwave generated by the microwave generator into the process chamber.

Chemical synthesis comprising heat treatment by intermittent dielectric heating, combined with a recycling system

This invention relates to the design of a process by intermittent dielectric heating combined with a recycling system. This process consists in subjecting reagents to electromagnetic waves selected in the frequencies ranging between 300 GHz and 3 MHz intermittently using a recycling system. This process enables the treatment of oils that are hardly absorbent as well as great investment savings. This process enables operation on different scales, whether in laboratories, on a semi-industrial or industrial scale, without forfeiting the advantages of continuous dielectric heating.

Wood treatment method and apparatus employing vessel with bundle stabilization system

A wood treatment method and apparatus utilizing a treatment vessel having an integrated bundle hold-down system for securing a bundle of wood within the interior of the vessel during treatment. The bundle hold-down system can be operable to counteract large buoyant forces associated with submersing the bundle of wood in a liquid reagent and/or can be used to maintain the shape and/or position of the bundle during treatment, even if a liquid reagent is not present.

Ignition Apparatus, Internal-Combustion Engine, Ignition Plug, Plasma Equipment, Exhaust Gas Degradation Apparatus, Ozone Generating/Sterilizing/Disinfecting Apparatus and Odor Eliminating Apparatus

A plasma equipment comprising a microwave oscillator for generating a predetermined microwave band, a microwave resonant cavity for allowing the predetermined microwave band to resonate, and microwave radiation means for radiating the microwave into the microwave resonant cavity, wherein the microwave radiation means is a microwave radiation antenna having the shape and the size so as to form a strong electric field of the microwave in a plasma generation field formed by the microwave.

Reaction Device

A reaction device including a microwave oscillation means for generating microwaves; holding containers for individually holding multiple samples collected from collection targets (e.g., human targets, etc.); a microwave irradiation container on which each of the holding containers can be individually loaded; a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of a sample held in a holding container or of the interior of the microwave irradiation container; and a microwave control means for varying the microwaves generated by the microwave oscillation means on the basis of the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. The microwave irradiation container includes: a microwave introduction port for introducing the microwaves generated by the microwave oscillation means into the microwave irradiation container; and ring-shaped patterns for irradiating each of the holding containers with the microwaves introduced from the microwave introduction port.

MICROWAVE ANNEALING APPARATUS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE

According to one embodiment, a microwave annealing apparatus is provided, including a housing shielding electromagnetic waves, a first electromagnetic wave source configured to apply a first electromagnetic wave into the housing, a second electromagnetic wave source configured to apply, into the housing, a second electromagnetic wave having a higher frequency than the first electromagnetic wave, a susceptor configured to hold a semiconductor substrate, made of a material transparent to the first electromagnetic wave and provided in the housing, a temperature measuring device configured to measure the temperature of the semiconductor substrate, and a control unit configured to control the power of each of the first and second electromagnetic wave sources in accordance with the temperature measured by the temperature measuring device. 1. A microwave annealing apparatus comprising:a housing configured to shield electromagnetic waves;a first electromagnetic wave source configured to apply a first electromagnetic wave in a microwave region into the housing;a second electromagnetic wave source configured to apply, into the housing, a second electromagnetic wave having a higher frequency than the first electromagnetic wave;a susceptor configured to hold a semiconductor substrate, made of a material transparent to the first electromagnetic wave and provided in the housing;a temperature measuring device configured to measure the temperature of the semiconductor substrate; anda control unit configured to control powers of each of the first electromagnetic wave source and the second electromagnetic wave source in accordance with the temperature measured by the temperature measuring device.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the control unit keeps the second electromagnetic wave source turned on until the temperature measured reaches a preset temperature claim 1 , and turns off the second electromagnetic wave source and turns on the first electromagnetic wave source when the ...

MICROWAVE APPLICATOR WITH SOLID-STATE GENERATOR POWER SOURCE

A microwave system has a solid-state generator which generates microwave energy and includes at least one control input for receiving a control signal to vary electrically a parameter of the microwave energy. A microwave load receives the microwave energy and produces an effect in response to the microwave energy. A microwave conducting element couples the microwave energy to the microwave load. An impedance match adjusting device is coupled to the microwave conducting element to vary at least one of the parameters of the microwave energy. The effect produced in response to the microwave energy is altered by both electrical variation of the parameter of the microwave energy via the control signal and adjustment of the impedance match adjusting device to vary the parameter of the microwave energy. 1. A microwave plasma system , comprising:a solid-state generator for providing microwave energy characterized by one or more parameters, the solid-state generator having at least one electrical control input for receiving a control signal to vary electrically the one or more parameters of the microwave energy;a plasma applicator for receiving the microwave energy, the plasma applicator comprising a plasma discharge tube in which a plasma is generated in response to the microwave energy, a central longitudinal axis of the plasma discharge tube extending between opposite ends of the plasma discharge tube, the plasma generated in the plasma discharge tube being characterized by a spatial plasma intensity profile distributed longitudinally along the central longitudinal axis and radially from the central longitudinal axis, perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis, toward a radial wall of the plasma discharge tube; anda controller generating the control signal to vary electrically the one or more parameters of the microwave energy, and applying the control signal to the control input of the solid-state generator to vary electrically the one or more parameters of the ...

Method For Directly Reducing A Material By Means Of Microwave Radiation

The present invention relates to the reduction of materials at low temperatures (<600° C.) by means of microwave radiation without needing to use chemical reducing agents or electrical contacts. It relates more specifically to a method for reducing a material, which comprises the following steps: 1. A process for the reduction of a material , comprising the following steps:applying microwave radiation to a material placed in a microwave applicator cavity,heating to at least exceeding a shot temperature in the material, andseparating fluid oxidation products generated from the reduced material,such that the process is carried out without using reducing chemical agents,wherein the material is an inorganic material,and wherein the shot temperature is a temperature at which electrical conductivity of the material is increased at least 4% within a 4° C. temperature increase with respect to the electrical conductivity of the material without reduction.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the process is carried out without use of electrical contacts.3. The process according to wherein the steps are carried out in a container that has the ability to evacuate fluids.4. The process according to wherein the step of applying microwave radiation produces a temperature increase between 50-200° C.5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the material that is reduced is in one of a solid state claim 1 , a melted state claim 1 , a suspension in a liquid claim 1 , or a solution in a liquid.6. The process according to claim 5 , wherein the liquid is water or a hydrocarbon able to be in a liquid state at the conditions at which the process takes place.7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the separation of the fluid oxidation products generated from the reduced material is carried out by means of one of:the application of vacuum,the use of an entrainment fluid,use of a reactive fluid that consumes the reduced material,use of a selective separator of the generated ...

SUBSTRATE PROCESSING APPARATUS, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE, AND RECORDING MEDIUM

There is provided a technique includes: a process chamber in which a substrate is processed; a plurality of microwave supply sources configured to supply predetermined microwaves for heating the substrate in the process chamber; and a controller configured to control the microwave supply sources such that while keeping constant a sum of outputs of the microwaves respectively supplied to the substrate from the plurality of microwave supply sources, at least one of the plurality of microwave supply sources is turned off, and periods in which the at least one of the plurality of microwave supply sources is turned off are different from each other. 1. A substrate processing apparatus , comprising:a process chamber in which a substrate is processed;a plurality of microwave supply sources configured to supply predetermined microwaves for heating the substrate in the process chamber; anda controller configured to control the plurality of microwave supply sources such that while keeping constant a sum of outputs of the microwaves respectively supplied to the substrate from the plurality of microwave supply sources, at least one of the plurality of microwave supply sources is turned off, and periods in which the at least one of the plurality of microwave supply sources is turned off are different from each other.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller is further configured to control the plurality of microwave supply sources so as to turn off all of the plurality of microwave supply sources after the plurality of microwave supply sources are turned off in a predetermined order.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller is further configured to control the plurality of microwave supply sources such that the sum of outputs of the microwaves supplied to the substrate is 0.5 kW or more and 30 kW or less.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of microwave supply sources are disposed on a side surface of the process chamber.5. The apparatus of ...

Instrument for Performing Microwave-Assisted Reactions

An instrument for performing microwave-assisted reactions and an associated method are disclosed. The instrument typically includes (i) a microwave-radiation source, (ii) a cavity, (iii) a waveguide in microwave communication with the microwave-radiation source and the cavity, (iv) at least one reaction-vessel sensor for determining the number and/or type of reaction vessels positioned within the cavity, (v) an interface, and (vi) a computer controller. The computer controller is typically in communication with the interface, the microwave-radiation source, and the reaction-vessel sensor. The computer controller is typically capable of determining the output of the microwave-radiation source in response to the number and/or type of reaction vessels positioned within the cavity. 1. A method of performing microwave-assisted reactions , comprising:positioning one or more microwave transparent reaction vessels and their contents within a cavity;the cavity being in microwave communication with a microwave-radiation source;the source being in communication with a computer controller;selecting a category of chemical reaction from a memory-stored plurality of predefined reaction methods on the computer controller;detecting the number and/or type of reaction vessels in the cavity using at least one reaction-vessel sensor in the cavity that is in communication with the computer controller; andirradiating the vessels and their contents with microwaves while controlling the microwave power with a computer controller in response to (i) the detected number and/or type of reaction vessels and (ii) the category of reaction method selected from the memory-stored plurality of methods.2. A method of performing microwave-assisted reactions according to claim 1 , further comprising monitoring the temperature within the reaction vessels.3. A method of performing microwave-assisted reactions according to claim 2 , further comprising adjusting the microwave power in response to the ...

Methods and apparatus for detecting microwave fields in a cavity

An apparatus for relaying microwave field intensity in a microwave cavity. In some embodiments, the apparatus comprises a microwave transparent substrate with at least one Radio Frequency (RF) detector that is capable of detecting a microwave field and generating a signal associated with a field intensity of the detected microwave field and a transmitter that receives the signal associated with the detected microwave field from the RF detector and transmits or stores information about the detected microwave field intensity. In some embodiments, the apparatus relays the microwave intensity via a wired, wireless, or optical transmitter located in proximity of the RF detector.

MICROWAVE HEATER AND METHOD OF HEATING

A microwave heater and method of heating are provided. The microwave heater includes a non-resonant enclosure and a continuous helical antenna within the non-resonant enclosure. The continuous helical antenna is configured to receive therein a load to be heated by microwaves radiated from the continuous helical antenna. 140-. (canceled)41. A microwave heating system comprising:a non-resonant enclosure; anda single continuous helical antenna within the non-resonant enclosure, the continuous helical antenna configured to receive therein a load to be heated by microwaves radiated from the continuous helical antenna, the continuous helical antenna formed from a single coil element dimensioned to have a pitch, a radius, and an axial length based on the load to be heated, wherein the axial length of the continuous helical antenna is at least twice as large as a coil diameter of the continuous helical antenna, wherein the microwave heating system does not include any additional antennas for heating the load.42. A microwave heating system in accordance with wherein the continuous helical antenna comprises an open single ended antenna.43. A microwave heating system in accordance with wherein the continuous helical antenna comprises a closed loop single ended antenna.44. A microwave heating system in accordance with wherein the continuous helical antenna comprises an open balanced antenna.45. A microwave heating system in accordance with wherein the continuous helical antenna comprises a closed loop balanced antenna.46. A microwave heating system in accordance with wherein the continuous helical antenna comprises a resonant antenna.47. A microwave heating system in accordance with wherein the non-resonant enclosure has a cylindrical profile.48. A microwave heating system in accordance with wherein the non-resonant enclosure has a non-cylindrical profile.49. A microwave heating system in accordance with further comprising a coil forming the continuous helical antenna and ...

Pressure Vessel with Magnetic Disk for Stirring

The present invention relates to a pressure vessel () for receiving samples (P) to be heated, having a reaction chamber () as a pressure space for the initiation and/or facilitation of chemical and/or physical pressure reactions, the reaction chamber () being designed for receiving a liquid (), a magnetic disk () mounted rotatably about an axis of rotation in the reaction chamber (), and a magnet arrangement (), provided outside the reaction chamber (), for generating a rotating magnetic field for rotationally driving the magnetic disk () about its axis of rotation, the magnetic disk () having at least one passage bore (), which extends transversely in relation to the axis of rotation and is provided in such a way that liquid () received in the reaction chamber () is driven through the passage opening () by rotation of the magnetic disk () in order to stir the liquid (). 11. Pressure vessel () for receiving samples (P) to be heated , having{'b': 2', '2', '5, 'a reaction chamber () as a pressure space for the initiation and/or facilitation of chemical and/or physical pressure reactions, the reaction chamber () being designed for receiving a liquid (),'}{'b': 8', '2, 'a magnetic disk () mounted rotatably about an axis of rotation in the reaction chamber (), and'}{'b': 10', '2', '8, 'a magnet arrangement (), provided outside the reaction chamber (), for generating a rotating magnetic field for rotationally driving the magnetic disk () about its axis of rotation,'}{'b': 8', '13', '5', '2', '13', '8', '5, 'the magnetic disk () having at least one passage bore (), which extends transversely in relation to the axis of rotation and is provided in such a way that liquid () received in the reaction chamber () is driven through the passage opening () by rotation of the magnetic disk () in order to stir the liquid ().'}21138. Pressure vessel () according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one passage bore () passing through the magnetic disk () at least partly in an upward ...

CHEMICAL REACTION METHOD USING CHEMICAL REACTION APPARATUS

A chemical reaction method includes preparing a chemical reaction apparatus including a horizontal flow reactor partitioned into multiple chambers by multiple partition plates. A liquid content horizontally flows with an unfilled space provided thereabove. a microwave generator and a waveguide that transmits microwaves to the unfilled space are also included. The reactor is inclined such that, in each of the chambers, a weir height on an inlet side is higher than a weir height on an outlet side by at least an overflow depth at the partition plate on the outlet side. The content is flowed over each of the multiple partition plates inside the reactor. The content flowing inside the reactor is irradiated with microwaves. The inclination angle of the reactor is changed in each of the chambers so that a weir height on an inlet side is higher than a weir height on an outlet side. 1. A chemical reaction method comprising: a horizontal flow reactor inside of which has been partitioned into multiple chambers by multiple partition plates, and a liquid content horizontally flows with an unfilled space being provided thereabove,', 'a microwave generator that generates microwaves, and', 'at least one waveguide that transmits the microwaves generated by the microwave generator to the unfilled space in the reactor,', 'wherein one or more weirs that are flow paths of the content are formed in an upper portion of each of the partition plates;, 'preparing a chemical reaction apparatus including'}inclining the reactor such that, in each of the chambers, a weir height on an inlet side is higher than a weir height on an outlet side by at least an overflow depth at the partition plate on the outlet side;flowing the content over each of the multiple partition plates inside the reactor;irradiating the content flowing inside the reactor with microwaves; andchanging an inclination angle of the reactor within a range in which, in each of the chambers, a weir height on an inlet side is higher ...

Apparatus and method for converting electromagnetic radiation into thermal energy

Apparatus for converting electromagnetic radiation into thermal energy for use in isolating nucleic acids for subsequent analysis by a DNA polymerase chain reaction, comprising an electromagnetic radiation generator, which emits microwaves; a chamber, which is connected to the generator and confines the emitted microwaves; a plurality of stationary spots, which are fixedly attached onto the upper part of the chamber and project inwards, wherein the stationary spots are longitudinally separated from each other by identical intervals of predetermined distance, and the emitted electromagnetic radiation propagates within the chamber as a standing wave, and wherein the said predetermined distance is half the wavelength of the emitted radiation.

Systems and Methods for Annealing Semiconductor Structures

Systems and methods are provided for annealing a semiconductor structure. In one embodiment, the method includes providing an energy-converting structure proximate a semiconductor structure, the energy-converting structure comprising a material having a loss tangent larger than that of the semiconductor structure; providing a heat reflecting structure between the semiconductor structure and the energy-converting structure; and providing microwave radiation to the energy-converting structure and the semiconductor structure. The semiconductor structure may include at least one material selected from the group consisting of boron-doped silicon germanium, silicon phosphide, titanium, nickel, silicon nitride, silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, n-type doped silicon, and aluminum capped silicon carbide. The heat reflecting structure may include a material substantially transparent to microwave radiation and having substantial reflectivity with respect to infrared radiation. 1. A system comprising:a radiation source for generating first radiation;a shell defining an interior cavity, wherein the shell includes an opening through which the first radiation generated by the radiation source passes through;a semiconductor structure disposed within the interior cavity of the shell;an energy-converting structure disposed within the interior cavity of the shell, the energy-converting structure configured to convert first radiation into second radiation; anda second radiation reflecting structure disposed within the interior cavity of the shell, wherein the second radiation reflecting structure reflects second radiation generated by the semiconductor structure back towards the semiconductor structure.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second radiation reflecting structure is disposed over the semiconductor structure and the energy-converting structure is disposed over the second radiation reflecting structure.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the energy-converting structure is ...

Methods and apparatus for dynamical control of radial uniformity with two-story microwave cavities

Methods and apparatus provide plasma generation for semiconductor process chambers. In some embodiments, the plasma is generated by a system that may comprise a process chamber having at least two upper microwave cavities separated from a lower microwave cavity by a metallic plate with a plurality of radiation slots, at least one microwave input port connected to a first one of the at least two upper microwave cavities, at least two microwave input ports connected to a second one of the at least two upper microwave cavities, and the lower microwave cavity receives radiation through the plurality of radiation slots in the metallic plate from both of the at least two upper microwave cavities, the lower microwave cavity is configured to form an electric field that provides uniform plasma distribution in a process volume of the process chamber.

Enhanced flash chamber

An enhanced flash chamber with a flash chamber; a microwave source in communication with the flash chamber for providing a quantity of energy to a plurality of antennas within the flash chamber; a fluid chamber positionable within the flash chamber capable of holding a liquid and the plurality of antennas; and transport tubing for transporting a target material for extraction through the fluid chamber where the quantity of energy from the microwave source interacts with the plurality of antennas to heat the liquid held in the fluid chamber to a superheated state and the superheated state of the liquid transfers a portion of the quantity of energy to the target material to extract an extraction product from the target material.

Method for freezing and thawing ice particulate fluids

A frozen particulate slurry comprises a first component and a second component which are capable of forming a eutectic mixture. The slurry is formed by cooling a composition comprising the first and second components to a temperature below the freezing point of the first component to form particles of the first component, and then cooling to freeze a eutectic mixture of the first component and the second component. A method of thawing the frozen particulate slurry comprises heating the slurry, and an apparatus for thawing the frozen particulate slurry comprises a container for holding the particulate slurry, a heat source, and an agitator. A method of inducing therapeutic hypothermia in a patient comprises heating the frozen particulate slurry and administering the particulate slurry to the patient in an amount sufficient to locally or systemically induce therapeutic hypothermia.

MICROWAVE HEATING APPARATUS AND PROCESSING METHOD

A microwave heating apparatus includes a processing chamber for accommodating a target, a support device for supporting the target in the processing chamber and a microwave introducing device for generating microwaves to introduce them into the processing chamber. The processing chamber further includes a top wall having a plurality of microwave introduction ports to introduce the microwaves generated in the microwave introducing device into the processing chamber. Each of the microwave introduction ports has a rectangular shape having long sides and short sides parallel to inner wall surfaces of four sidewalls of the processing chamber, and the support device includes a support member to support the target and a rotating mechanism for rotating the supported target. 1. A microwave heating apparatus comprising:a processing chamber configured to accommodate a target object to be processed, the processing chamber including a microwave irradiation space;a support device configured to support the target object in the processing chamber; anda microwave introducing device configured to generate microwaves for heating the target object and introduce the microwaves into the processing chamber,wherein the processing chamber further includes a top wall, a bottom wall, and four sidewalls connected to each other,wherein the top wall has a plurality of microwave introduction ports through which the microwaves generated in the microwave introducing device are introduced into the processing chamber,wherein each of the microwave introduction ports is formed in a rectangular shape having long sides and short sides in a plan view, the long sides and the short sides being parallel to inner wall surfaces of the four sidewalls, andwherein the support device includes a support member in contact with the target object to support the target object, and a rotating mechanism for rotating the target object supported by the support member.2. The microwave heating apparatus of claim 1 , wherein ...

Microwave Heating System

A microwave heating system comprises a bowl, dome and rotor device. The dome is fit to the bowl. The bowl and dome form a volume. The bowl is connected to a microwave source such that a microwave field is supplied to the volume. The microwave field is attenuated in a region between the rotor device and the dome compared to a region between the bowl and the rotor device. The rotor device is rotatably supported by the bowl and supports a reaction vessel. The rotor device includes a base plate with a through-hole and a tubular member that receives the reaction vessel. The base plate and tubular member are metal. The rotor device is coupled to the base plate so that a longitudinal axis of the tubular member passes through the through-hole. 1. A microwave heating system , comprisinga bowl,a dome adapted to be fit to the bowl, such that a volume is formed by the bowl and dome, anda rotor device adapted to support at least one reaction vessel and being rotatably supported by the bowl, the rotor device comprisinga base plate comprising at least one through-hole, andat least one tubular member having a longitudinal axis and being adapted to receive a reaction vessel and to be coupled to the base plate in such a way that the longitudinal axis of the at least one tubular member passes through the at least one through-hole, wherein the base plate and the at least one tubular member comprise metal, and wherein the bowl is adapted to be connected to a microwave source, such that a microwave field can be supplied to the volume, whereby the microwave field is attenuated in a region between the rotor device and the dome compared to a region between the bowl and the rotor device.2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the bowl and the dome have rotationally symmetric shapes.3. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the dome is moveably fastened to the bowl.4. The system according to claim 1 , further comprisinga drive unit for rotating the rotor device.5. The system according ...

Pressure Stepped Microwave Assisted Digestion

An instrument and method for high pressure microwave assisted chemistry are disclosed. The method includes the steps of applying microwave radiation to a sample in a sealed vessel while measuring the temperature of the sample and measuring the pressure generated inside the vessel and until the measured pressure reaches a designated set point, opening the vessel to release gases until the pressure inside the vessel reaches a lower designated set point, closing the vessel, and repeating the steps of opening the vessel at designated pressure set points and closing the vessel at designated pressure set points to the sample until the sample reaction reaches a designated high temperature. The designated set points can controllably differ from one another as the reaction proceeds. Microwave energy can be applied continuously or intermittently during the opening and closing steps. The apparatus includes a microwave cavity, a microwave transparent pressure resistant reaction vessel in the cavity, a cap on the reaction vessel, a pressure sensor for measuring pressure in the vessel, a temperature sensor, and means for opening and closing the cap at predetermined pressure set points measured by the pressure sensor to release pressure from the vessel.

MONOLITHIC MODULAR MICROWAVE SOURCE WITH INTEGRATED TEMPERATURE CONTROL

Embodiments disclosed herein include a housing for a source assembly. In an embodiment, the housing comprises a conductive body with a first surface and a second surface opposite from the first surface, and a plurality of openings through a thickness of the conductive body between the first surface and the second surface. In an embodiment, the housing further comprises a channel into the first surface of the conductive body, and a cover over the channel. In an embodiment, a first stem over the cover extends away from the first surface, and a second stem over the cover extends away from the first surface. In an embodiment, the first stem and the second stem open into the channel. 1. A housing , comprising:a conductive body with a first surface and a second surface opposite from the first surface;a plurality of openings through a thickness of the conductive body between the first surface and the second surface;a channel into the first surface of the conductive body;a cover over the channel;a first stem over the cover and extending away from the first surface, wherein the first stem opens into the channel; anda second stem over the cover and extending away from the first surface, wherein the second stem opens into the channel.2. The housing of claim 1 , wherein the channel encircles at least one of the plurality of openings.3. The housing of claim 1 , wherein the first stem is at a first end of the cover and the second stem is at a second end of the cover.4. The housing of claim 1 , wherein a diameter of each of the openings is approximately 15 mm or greater.5. The housing of claim 1 , further comprising:a lid plate over the first surface of the conductive body.6. The housing of claim 5 , wherein the lid plate comprises:a first hole through a thickness of the lid plate; anda second hole through a thickness of the lid plate.7. The housing of claim 6 , wherein the first stem extends through the first hole claim 6 , and wherein the second stem extends through the second ...

Pressure Stepped Microwave Assisted Digestion

An instrument and method for high pressure microwave assisted chemistry are disclosed. The method includes the steps of applying microwave radiation to a sample in a sealed vessel while measuring the temperature of the sample and measuring the pressure generated inside the vessel and until the measured pressure reaches a designated set point, opening the vessel to release gases until the pressure inside the vessel reaches a lower designated set point, closing the vessel, and repeating the steps of opening the vessel at designated pressure set points and closing the vessel at designated pressure set points to the sample until the sample reaction reaches a designated high temperature. The designated set points can controllably differ from one another as the reaction proceeds. Microwave energy can be applied continuously or intermittently during the opening and closing steps. The apparatus includes a microwave cavity, a microwave transparent pressure resistant reaction vessel in the cavity, a cap on the reaction vessel, a pressure sensor for measuring pressure in the vessel, a temperature sensor, and means for opening and closing the cap at predetermined pressure set points measured by the pressure sensor to release pressure from the vessel. 1. A method of high pressure microwave assisted chemistry comprising:applying microwave radiation to a sample in a sealed vessel while measuring the temperature of the sample and measuring the pressure generated inside the vessel and until the measured pressure reaches a designated set point above atmospheric pressure;opening the vessel to release gases until the measured pressure inside the vessel reaches a lower designated set point above atmospheric pressure;closing the vessel while the pressure remains above atmospheric pressure; and;repeating the steps of opening the vessel at designated pressure set points and closing the vessel at designated pressure set points, and applying microwave radiation to the sample until the sample ...

Microwave heating apparatus and processing method

A microwave heating apparatus includes a processing chamber having a top wall, a bottom wall and a sidewall, and configured to accommodate an object to be processed; a microwave introducing unit configured to generate a microwave for heating the object and introduce the microwave into the processing chamber; a plurality of supporting members configured to make contact with the object and support the object in the processing chamber. The microwave heating apparatus further includes a dielectric member provided between the object supported by the supporting members and the bottom wall while being apart from the object.

Processing Apparatus

A processing apparatus includes a microwave processing chamber. In addition, the processing apparatus includes a rigid, rotatable feed wheel rotatable about an axis of rotation such that a part of the feed wheel is located within the processing chamber. Further, the processing apparatus includes a feed device configured to deposit materials to be processed onto the feed wheel. Still further, the processing apparatus includes an output into which processed materials from the feed wheel can be deposited. 1. A processing apparatus comprising a microwave processing chamber , a rigid , rotatable feed wheel rotatable about an axis of rotation such that a part of the feed wheel is located within the processing chamber , a feed device operable to deposit materials to be processed onto an outer surface of the feed wheel , and an output into which processed materials from the feed wheel can be deposited , in use.2. An apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a scraper is provided whereby claim 1 , once processed materials from the feed wheel have been deposited into the output claim 1 , materials adhered to the feed wheel can be scraped therefrom prior to the deposition of materials to be processed thereto from the feed device.3. An apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the dimensions of the feed wheel and the housing claim 1 , and the clearances therebetween claim 1 , are selected to avoid arcing and to contain microwaves within the apparatus.4. An apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the feed wheel is shaped to define a channel.5. An apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the feed wheel comprises a cylindrical hub and a pair of radially outwardly extending flanges or rims claim 4 , the rims and hub together defining the channel.6. An apparatus according to wherein at least the hub of the feed wheel is formed from a microwave transparent material.7. An apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a motor operable to drive the feed wheel for rotation.8. An ...

FERROMAGNETIC-PARTICLE MANUFACTURING APPARATUS

A ferromagnetic-particle manufacturing apparatus includes: a single mode cavity that resonates with a microwave of a predetermined wavelength; a microwave oscillator electrically connected to the single mode cavity and configured to introduce the microwave of a predetermined wavelength into the single mode cavity; a pipe disposed to pass through an inside of the single mode cavity, the pipe being formed of a dielectric material; a pump configured to introduce, from one end of the pipe, an alkaline reaction liquid containing metal ions of a ferromagnetic metal; an impedance measuring device configured to measure an impedance of the single mode cavity; and a pump-flowrate deciding unit configured to decide, based on a measurement result of the impedance measuring device, a pump flowrate by which the impedance of the single mode cavity becomes a predetermined value or more; wherein the pump is configured to introduce the reaction liquid at the pump flowrate decided by the pump-flowrate deciding unit; and wherein ferromagnetic particles are generated by reacting the reaction liquid. 1. A ferromagnetic-particle manufacturing apparatus comprising:an induction heating coil;a radiofrequency power source electrically connected to the induction heating coil and configured to form an alternating field inside the induction heating coil;a pipe disposed to pass through the inside of the induction heating coil, in which at least a partial area of the pipe in an axial direction thereof is formed of a dielectric material and an area, which is nearer to one end of the pipe than the area formed of a dielectric material, is formed of a conductive material; anda pump configured to introduce, from the one end of the pipe, an alkaline reaction liquid in which metal ions of a ferromagnetic metal and hydroxide ions are dissolved;wherein ferromagnetic particles are generated by reacting the reaction liquid.2. The ferromagnetic-particle manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1 , further ...

MICROWAVE IRRADIATING AND HEATING DEVICE

Disclosed is a microwave irradiating and heating device including: a reaction furnace () for containing a sample material () to be irradiated with microwave and to be heated; a polarization grid () provided for the reaction furnace (); a microwave irradiating source () for emitting a linearly polarized microwave, the microwave irradiating source () being disposed outside the reaction furnace (); and a reflector () for reflecting the microwave emitted from the microwave irradiating source () toward the reaction furnace () through the polarization grid (), the reflector () being disposed above the reaction furnace (), wherein the microwave irradiating source () is arranged in such a way that the polarization direction of the reflected microwave which is made incident upon the polarization grid () is perpendicular to an orientation of the polarization grid (). 1. A microwave irradiating and heating device comprising:a reaction furnace for containing a sample material to be irradiated with microwave and to be heated;a polarization grid provided for the reaction furnace;a microwave irradiating source for emitting a linearly polarized microwave, the microwave irradiating source being disposed outside the reaction furnace; anda reflector for reflecting the microwave emitted from the microwave irradiating source toward the reaction furnace through the polarization grid, the reflector being disposed above the reaction furnace,wherein the microwave irradiating source is arranged in such a way that the polarization direction of the reflected microwave which is made incident upon the polarization grid is perpendicular to an orientation of the polarization grid.2. A microwave irradiating and heating device comprising:a reaction furnace for containing a sample material to be irradiated with microwave and to be heated;a polarization grid provided for the reaction furnace;a plurality of microwave irradiating sources for emitting a linearly polarized microwave, the microwave ...

FERROMAGNETIC-PARTICLE MANUFACTURING APPARATUS

A method for manufacturing a ferromagnetic-particle includes preparing a manufacturing apparatus including a single mode cavity that resonates with a microwave of a predetermined wavelength; a microwave oscillator electrically connected to the single mode cavity and configured to introduce the microwave of a predetermined wavelength into the single mode cavity; a pipe disposed to pass linearly through an inside of the single mode cavity, the pipe being formed of a dielectric material; and a pump configured to introduce, from one end of the pipe, an alkaline reaction liquid in which metal ions of a ferromagnetic metal and hydroxide ions are dissolved; and reacting the reaction liquid in the pipe, introduced by the pump, by introducing the microwave into the single mode cavity so as to generate the ferromagnetic-particle in the pipe. 1. A method for manufacturing a ferromagnetic-particle comprising the steps of: a single mode cavity that resonates with a microwave of a predetermined wavelength;', 'a microwave oscillator electrically connected to the single mode cavity and configured to introduce the microwave of a predetermined wavelength into the single mode cavity; a pipe disposed to pass linearly through an inside of the single mode cavity, the pipe being formed of a dielectric material; and', 'a pump configured to introduce, from one end of the pipe, an alkaline reaction liquid in which metal ions of a ferromagnetic metal and hydroxide ions are dissolved; and, 'preparing a manufacturing apparatus includingreacting the reaction liquid in the pipe, introduced by the pump, by introducing the microwave into the single mode cavity so as to generate the ferromagnetic-particle in the pipe.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein an axial length of the pipe is 20 mm to 200 mm.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the metal ions of the ferromagnetic metal are either or both of iron ions and nickel ions.4. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the ...

PROCESSING SYSTEM FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE TREATMENT OF A SUBSTRATE AT MICROWAVE FREQUENCIES

A processing system is disclosed, having a process chamber that houses a substrate for exposure of a surface of the substrate to a travelling electromagnetic (EM) wave. The processing system also includes an EM wave transmission antenna configured to launch the travelling EM wave into the process chamber for the travelling EM wave to propagate in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the substrate. The processing system also includes a power coupling system configured to supply EM energy into the EM wave transmission antenna to generate the travelling EM wave at a prescribed output power and in a prescribed EM wave mode during treatment of the substrate. The processing system also includes an EM wave receiving antenna configured to absorb the travelling EM wave after propagation through the process chamber. 1. A processing system for electromagnetic (EM) wave treatment of a substrate , comprising:a process chamber configured to house a substrate for exposure of a surface of the substrate to a travelling EM wave;an EM wave transmission antenna configured to launch the travelling EM wave into the process chamber for the travelling EM wave to propagate in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the substrate, wherein the EM wave transmission antenna includes an output end coupled to an input port of the process chamber;a power coupling system configured to supply EM energy into the EM wave transmission antenna to generate the travelling EM wave at a prescribed output power and in a prescribed EM wave mode during treatment of the substrate, wherein the power coupling system is coupled to an input end of the EM wave transmission antenna; andan EM wave receiving antenna configured to absorb the travelling EM wave after propagation through the process chamber, wherein the EM wave receiving antenna includes an input end coupled to an output port of the process chamber.2. The processing system of claim 1 , wherein the power coupling system is ...

SUBSTRATE PROCESSING APPARATUS, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE, AND RECORDING MEDIUM

A process chamber configured to process at least one substrate; at least one heating device to heat the at least one substrate using an electromagnetic wave; a non-contact type temperature measurement device configured to measure a temperature of the at least one substrate; and a controller configured to acquire temperature data measured by the temperature measurement device, compare the measured temperature with a preset upper limit temperature and a preset lower limit temperature, lower an output of the at least one heating device or turn off a power supply of the at least one heating device when the measured temperature from the temperature data is higher than the upper limit temperature, and lower an output of the at least one heating device or turn off a power supply of the at least one heating device when the measured temperature from the temperature data is lower than the lower limit temperature. 1. A substrate processing apparatus , comprising:a process chamber in which at least one substrate is processed;at least one heating device configured to heat the at least one substrate using an electromagnetic wave;a non-contact type temperature measurement device configured to measure a temperature of the at least one substrate; anda controller configured to perform control so as to acquire temperature data measured by the temperature measurement device, compare the measured temperature from the temperature data with a preset upper limit temperature and a preset lower limit temperature, lower an output of the at least one heating device or turn off a power supply of the at least one heating device when the measured temperature from the temperature data is higher than the upper limit temperature, and lower an output of the at least one heating device or turn off a power supply of the at least one heating device when the measured temperature from the temperature data is lower than the lower limit temperature.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the upper limit ...

Microwave applicator

A microwave applicator includes a chamber, at least one microwave source, a stirrer and a cooling structure. The microwave source is disposed on one side of the chamber. The stirrer is disposed in the chamber, wherein the stirrer includes an axial member and a plurality of blades. Each of the blades is connected to the axial member, and the axial member and the blades are made of metal materials. The cooling structure is disposed in the chamber and includes at least one cooling tube for allowing a cooling liquid passing through the chamber.

MICROWAVE HEATING DEVICE

What is provided here are: a radiation element provided at one of walls of a heating chamber, for radiating a microwave into the heating chamber; at least one hollow dielectric member in which a gas is sealed, the hollow dielectric member having electrodes at both end portions thereof; and a control unit having a plasma control unit for controlling the state of the hollow dielectric member and a current adjustment unit for adjusting a current to be applied to the electrodes of the hollow dielectric member, under the control of the plasma control unit, the current adjustment unit being connected to the electrodes; wherein the at least one hollow dielectric member is provided along one of the walls which is other than the wall at which the radiation element is provided; and wherein the plasma control unit controls the state of the hollow dielectric member so that it is put into one of states of: a plasma state in which the microwave is reflected by the gas; a plasma state in which the microwave is absorbed by the gas; and a gas state in which the microwave is allowed to be transmitted through the gas. 1. A microwave heating device , comprising:a heating chamber capable of storing therein a heating target and having walls each made of a conductor;a microwave generator to generate a microwave;at least one radiation element to radiate, into the heating chamber, the microwave generated by the microwave generator, the radiation element being provided at one of the walls;at least one hollow dielectric member in which a gas is sealed, the hollow dielectric member having electrodes at both end portions thereof; andprocessing circuitry to control a state of the hollow dielectric member; and to adjust a current to be applied to the electrodes of the hollow dielectric member, the processing circuitry being connected to the electrodes;wherein the at least one hollow dielectric member is provided along one of the walls which is other than the wall at which the radiation element is ...

Pressure Stepped Microwave Assisted Digestion

A venting cap is disclosed for pressure vessels for microwave-assisted chemistry. The venting cap includes a flexible circular cover for closing the mouth of a reaction vessel, a flexible annular wall depending from the circular cover, and a flexible annular ring at the bottom of the annular wall and parallel to the circular cover for positioning the cap on a reaction vessel. At least one indentation in the circular cover minimizes distortion when any contents of a reaction vessel exert pressure against the cap, and at least one opening in the annular wall provides a ventilation path through the cap when gas pressure in a reaction vessel flexes the cap sufficiently to partially disengage at least a portion of the cap from the mouth of the reaction vessel. 1. A venting cap for pressure vessels for microwave-assisted chemistry comprising:a flexible circular cover for closing the mouth of a reaction vessel;a flexible annular wall depending from said circular cover;a flexible annular ring at the bottom of said annular wall and parallel to said circular cover for positioning said cap on a reaction vessel;at least one indentation in said circular cover for minimizing distortion when any contents of a reaction vessel exert pressure against said cap; andat least one opening in said annular wall for providing a ventilation path through said cap when gas pressure in a reaction vessel flexes said cap sufficiently to partially disengage at least a portion of said cap from the mouth of the reaction vessel.2. A venting cap according to comprising an elastomer.3. A venting cap according to wherein said cap comprises a material that accurately transfers the pressure inside the vessel to a load transfer rod and to a load cell.4. A venting cap according to wherein said cap comprises a material resistant to chemical attack from strong acids at elevated temperatures.5. A venting cap according to wherein said elastomer comprises polydimethylsiloxane.6. A venting cap according to further ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MICROWAVE-RADIATION ANNEALING

Systems and methods are provided for annealing a semiconductor structure using microwave radiation. A semiconductor structure is provided. One or more energy-converting materials capable of increasing the semiconductor structure's absorption of microwave radiation are provided. Microwave radiation is applied to the energy-converting materials and the semiconductor structure to anneal the semiconductor structure for fabricating semiconductor devices. First local temperatures associated with one or more first zones of the semiconductor structure are detected. The microwave radiation applied to the energy-converting materials and the semiconductor structure is adjusted based at least in part on the detected first local temperatures. 1. A system for annealing a semiconductor structure using microwave radiation , the semiconductor structure including a top portion and a bottom portion , the system comprising:one or more energy-converting materials capable of increasing a semiconductor structure's absorption of microwave radiation;a controller configured to apply microwave radiation to the energy-converting materials and the semiconductor structure to anneal the semiconductor structure for fabricating semiconductor devices; andone or more thermal detectors configured to (i) detect first local temperatures associated with one or more first zones of the semiconductor structure, the one or more first zones being disposed in a top portion of the semiconductor structure, and (ii) detect second local temperatures associated with one or more second zones of the semiconductor structure, the one or more second zones being disposed in a bottom portion of the semiconductor structure, wherein the controller is further configured to adjust the microwave radiation applied to the energy-converting materials and the semiconductor structure based at least in part on the first local temperatures and the second local temperatures that are detected by the one or more thermal detectors.2. The ...

APPLICATIONS OF MICROWAVE RADIATION TO CHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATIONS

A method of applying microwave radiation to a chromatography column to achieve turbulent chromatography, increase the speed of column equilibration following a change of mobile phase, facilitate faster mixing of fluids, reduce the viscosity of fluids, and apply temperature pulses to selected time segments of a separation. The method may be used in conjunction with the use of columns packed with fused-core particles or monolithic columns. Improved size-based separations may be achieved using diffusion-and-turbulent-dependent size exclusion chromatography. 1. A method of enhancing turbulent flow chromatography in liquid or supercritical fluid separations for both retained and unretained solutes , comprising the step of applying microwave radiation to the chromatography column so as to enhance the molecular motion of the mobile phase molecules , lower the viscosity of the mobile phase , cause increased molecular motion of the analyte molecules within the mobile phase , minimize the residual laminar layer within a turbulent mobile phase , and increase the molecular motion of analytes within the stationary phase.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the direction of the separation is not inconsistent with turbulent chromatography.3. The method of claim 1 , further including the step of using a fused core column.4. The method of claim 1 , further including the step of using a monolithic column.5. The method of claim 1 , further including the step of using a high flow rate.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the mobile phase includes polar liquids.7. The method of claim 1 , further including the step of separating molecules according to their size using classical size exclusion chromatography.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the size exclusion step is accomplished using a column composed of pores that allow only molecules below a certain molecular weight to enter and the separation is run at a linear velocity sufficiently high to induce turbulent flow.9. The method of claim ...

Waveguide device, electromagnetic radiation confinement device, antenna device, microwave chemical reaction device, and radar device

A waveguide device includes a first electrical conductor including a first electrically conductive surface extending along first and second directions, a second electrical conductor including a second electrically conductive surface opposing the first electrically conductive surface, a waveguide located between the first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor and extending along the first direction, the waveguide including an electrically-conductive waveguide surface opposing the first electrically conductive surface, and a plurality of electrically-conductive rod rows located on opposite sides of the waveguide, each rod row including a plurality of electrically conductive rods arranged along the first direction. At least one of the first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor includes at least one hole.

FERROMAGNETIC-PARTICLE MANUFACTURING APPARATUS

A method for manufacturing a ferromagnetic-particle includes preparing a manufacturing apparatus including an induction heating coil; a radiofrequency power source electrically connected to the induction heating coil and configured to form an alternating field inside the induction heating coil; a pipe disposed to pass through the induction heating coil, in which at least a partial area of the pipe in an axial direction thereof is formed of a dielectric material and an area, which is nearer to one end of the pipe than the area formed of a dielectric material, is formed of a conductive material; and a pump configured to introduce, from the one end of the pipe, an alkaline reaction liquid in which metal ions of a ferromagnetic metal and hydroxide ions are dissolved; reacting the reaction liquid in the pipe, introduced by the pump, by forming an alternating field inside the induction heating coil; and generating the ferromagnetic-particle in the pipe based on the reaction of the reaction liquid in the pipe. 1. A method for manufacturing a ferromagnetic-particle comprising:preparing a manufacturing apparatus including: an induction heating coil; a radiofrequency power source electrically connected to the induction heating coil and configured to form an alternating field inside the induction heating coil; a pipe disposed to pass through the induction heating coil, in which at least a partial area of the pipe in an axial direction thereof is formed of a dielectric material and an area, which is nearer to one end of the pipe than the area formed of a dielectric material, is formed of a conductive material; and a pump configured to introduce, from the one end of the pipe, an alkaline reaction liquid in which metal ions of a ferromagnetic metal and hydroxide ions are dissolved;reacting the reaction liquid in the pipe, introduced by the pump, by forming an alternating field inside the induction heating coil; andgenerating the ferromagnetic-particle in the pipe based on the ...

Rare earth permanent magnet and method for preparing same

The present invention discloses a rare earth permanent magnet and a method for preparing same. The material of the rare earth permanent magnet has a heavy rare earth element volume diffusion phenomenon at a depth of 5μm to 100 μm from the surface of the magnet to the interior of the magnet along the magnetic field orientation direction, thereby forming a volume diffusion layer region; the volume diffusion layer region is divided into magnet units having a volume of 10*100*5 μm, and the concentration difference of the heavy rare earth elements of the magnet units at different positions in the volume diffusion layer is below 0.5 at %. The present invention provides a sintered NdFeB magnet of high intrinsic coercive force Hcj on the premise of not influencing the remanence Br and the maximum magnetic energy product (BH)max of products. In the method for preparing the rare earth permanent magnet, microwave heat treatment is performed on a blank magnet coated with heavy rare earth source slurry in a vacuum condition. This method can effectively improve the heating efficiency, reduce the heat treatment time, lower the energy consumption, and reduce the production cost of the magnet.

MICROWAVE ASSISTED PARALLEL PLATE E-FIELD APPLICATOR

A system and method for annealing a target substrate such as a semiconductor using industrial microwave heating and parallel plate reaction. Using a uniform microwave field, with the target substrate located between parallel plates controls application of eddy currents to the target substrate. The system may include a uniform microwave field generator, support elements, two plates held in parallel to each other, and a turntable device configured to rotate the two plates and the target substrate within the uniform microwave field. The rotating of the plates and target substrate in the uniform microwave field creates a periodic change in polarity of the microwaves applied to the target substrate. The eddy currents in the uniform microwave field react by flowing perpendicular to the plates, and not parallel to the surface as in traditional microwave reactions of metals. This redirection of the eddy currents provides even heating of the target substrate. 1. A method for annealing semiconductor material , the method comprising the steps of:placing a target substrate including the semiconductor material between two plates within a uniform microwave field; andcreating a periodic change in polarity of microwaves applied to the target substrate from the uniform microwave field, such that the periodic change creates a flow of eddy currents within the target substrate that is perpendicular to a surface of the target substrate.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein creating the periodic change includes rotating the plates and the target substrate about an axis along a diametric line of the target substrate within the uniform microwave field claim 1 , resulting in a periodic change in polarity of the microwaves applied to the target substrate.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the target substrate is held by an edge while the plates and the target substrate are being rotated.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising doping the plates prior to placing the target substrate ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MICROWAVE DIGESTION OF A SAMPLE

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for performing a microwave digestion of a sample contained in a sample recipient. The method comprises acquiring images of at least one sample recipient inside a primary cavity of a microwave digestion system during microwave digestion of a sample inside the at least one sample recipient, and monitoring the microwave digestion using the images of the at least one sample recipient. 1. A method for performing microwave digestion of a sample contained in a sample recipient , the method comprising:placing the sample recipient within a primary cavity of a microwave digestion system;applying microwave energy to the sample in the sample recipient;acquiring, via an imaging device, images of the sample recipient inside the primary cavity during the microwave digestion; andmonitoring the microwave digestion using the images of the sample recipient.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein monitoring the microwave digestion comprises at least one of detecting a change in color of the sample and detecting a venting event of the sample.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein monitoring the microwave digestion comprises determining whether the microwave digestion is completed.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising modifying one or more digestion parameters based on the monitoring of the microwave digestion using the images.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein modifying one or more digestion parameters comprises increasing or decreasing microwave energy generated by the microwave source.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein modifying one or more digestion parameters comprises terminating the microwave digestion.7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising displaying at least some of the images via a display device outside the primary cavity.8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising shielding the imaging device from the microwave energy behind a separating structure inside the primary cavity claim 1 , the separating structure having an ...

Electromagnetic heating device and electromagnetic heating method

An electromagnetic heating device for heating a target object by irradiating electromagnetic wave includes a chamber configured to accommodate the target object, an electromagnetic wave irradiation unit configured to irradiate the electromagnetic wave to the target object in the chamber, wherein an oscillation frequency of the irradiated electromagnetic wave is variable, and a control unit configured to control heating by the electromagnetic wave. The control unit draws, on a complex plane, complex relative permittivity characteristics indicating change in a complex relative permittivity of the target object when a frequency of the irradiated electromagnetic wave varies, also draws a non-reflection curve on the complex plane, determines a frequency of the electromagnetic wave and a thickness of the target object based on a value derived from an intersection point between the complex relative permittivity characteristics and the non-reflection curve, and performs electromagnetic heating based on the determined frequency and thickness.

FERROMAGNETIC-PARTICLE MANUFACTURING APPARATUS

A ferromagnetic-particle manufacturing apparatus includes: a single mode cavity that resonates with a microwave of a predetermined wavelength; a microwave oscillator electrically connected to the single mode cavity and configured to introduce the microwave of a predetermined wavelength into the single mode cavity; a pipe disposed to pass through an inside of the single mode cavity, the pipe being formed of a dielectric material; a pump configured to introduce, from one end of the pipe, an alkaline reaction liquid containing metal ions of a ferromagnetic metal; an impedance measuring device configured to measure an impedance of the single mode cavity; and a pump-flowrate deciding unit configured to decide, based on a measurement result of the impedance measuring device, a pump flowrate by which the impedance of the single mode cavity becomes a predetermined value or more; wherein the pump is configured to introduce the reaction liquid at the pump flowrate decided by the pump-flowrate deciding unit; and wherein ferromagnetic particles are generated by reacting the reaction liquid. 1. A ferromagnetic-particle manufacturing apparatus comprising:a single mode cavity that resonates with a microwave of a predetermined wavelength;a microwave oscillator electrically connected to the single mode cavity and configured to introduce the microwave of a predetermined wavelength into the single mode cavity;a pipe disposed to pass through an inside of the single mode cavity, the pipe being formed of a dielectric material; anda pump configured to introduce, from one end of the pipe, an alkaline reaction liquid in which metal ions of a ferromagnetic metal and hydroxide ions are dissolved;wherein ferromagnetic particles are generated by reacting the reaction liquid.2. The ferromagnetic-particle manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising:an impedance measuring device configured to measure an impedance of the single mode cavity; anda pump-flowrate deciding unit ...

PRESSURE-RELEASE VESSEL WITH RIGID PROPORTIONAL LINER AND ASSOCIATED MICROWAVE-ASSISTED CHEMISTRY METHODS

A structural improvement for microwave-assisted high temperature high-pressure chemistry vessel systems is disclosed that among other advantages offers dynamic venting and resealing while a reaction proceeds and eliminates the risk of cross contamination associated with systems that use a common pressurized chamber. The improvement includes a relatively thin-walled disposable liner cylinder that includes one closed end and one open end defining a mouth, and a liner cap positioned in the mouth of the rigid liner cylinder for closing the rigid liner cylinder. The liner cap includes a depending column that engages the inside diameter of the rigid liner cylinder, and a disk at one end of the depending column having a diameter sufficient to rest upon the rigid liner cylinder without falling into the rigid cylinder liner so that the cylindrical liner cap can rest in the rigid liner cylinder at the mouth of the rigid liner cylinder. The depending column, includes a passage to provide a gas venting space, and a dynamic venting action, between the liner cap and the rigid liner cylinder.

A MICROWAVE FURNACE AND A METHOD OF SINTERING

A microwave furnace has a furnace chamber formed between a chamber housing and a sintering platform for an object to be sintered. A microwave source is arranged for emitting microwaves into the furnace chamber. The microwave furnace further has a susceptor that comprises a material which over a temperature range of the material of at least 23 C to 700 C couples into microwaves. The susceptor and the furnace chamber are movable relative to each other between a first position, in which the susceptor is positioned relative to the furnace chamber, and a second position in which the susceptor is positioned further retracted from the furnace chamber relative to the first position. The invention helps providing a zirconia material with a relative homogeneous material structure.

ACID DIGESTION INSTRUMENT AND VESSEL SYSTEM

An instrument system for acid digestion is disclosed. The instrument includes a heating block, a reaction vessel formed of a polymer that is resistant to acid and other chemical attack at temperatures above 150° C. and that has a structure (thickness, etc.) sufficient to withstand pressures above atmospheric, a metal sleeve surrounding the polymeric reaction vessel, and an opening in the block that has a cross-section corresponding to the cross-section of the metal sleeve. 1. An instrument system for acid digestion , comprising:a heating block;a reaction vessel formed of a polymer that is resistant to acid and other chemical attack at temperatures above 150° C. and that has a structure sufficient to withstand pressures above atmospheric;a metal sleeve surrounding said polymeric reaction vessel;an opening in said block having a cross-section corresponding to the cross-section of the metal sleeve.2. An instrument system according to wherein said reaction vessel is formed of a fluorinated polymer.3. An instrument system according to wherein said reaction vessel is formed of polytetrafluoroethylene.4. An instrument system according to wherein said metal sleeve is formed of a metal with sufficient heat conductivity to raise the temperature in the reaction vessel above 150° C. when said sleeve is heated above 200° C.5. An instrument system according to wherein said reaction vessel and said sleeve are cylindrical and the cross-section of said opening in said heating block is cylindrical.6. An instrument system according to wherein said heating block is formed of a material that is resistant to acid attack and that provides rapid heat transfer to said sleeve when said sleeve is in said corresponding opening in said heating block.7. An instrument system according to wherein said heating block is graphite with a plurality of said openings for concurrently receiving and heating a plurality of sleeved vessels.8. The combination of:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1 ...

INDEPENDANT HEATING OF SAMPLES IN A SAMPLE HOLDER

There is described a method for heating a sample material in a sample holder, the method comprising receiving the sample holder in a heating chamber of a heating system, the sample holder having at least one sample recipient with the sample material therein; dynamically forming an individual mini microwave cavity around the sample recipient; and applying microwaves generated by at least one microwave generator directly to the sample. 1. A method for heating a sample material in a sample holder , the method comprising:receiving the sample holder in a heating chamber of a heating system, the sample holder having at least one sample recipient with the sample material therein;dynamically forming an individual mini microwave cavity around the at least one sample recipient inside the heating chamber; andapplying microwaves generated by at least one microwave generator directly to the sample in the at least one sample recipient within the mini microwave cavity.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein dynamically forming the mini microwave cavities comprises mating a set of first partial mini cavities with a set of complementary second partial mini cavities.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the set of first partial mini cavities are in the heating chamber and the set of complementary second partial mini cavities are on the sample holder.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising mechanically positioning the sample holder in the heating chamber to align the set of first partial mini cavities with the set of complementary second partial mini cavities.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein dynamically forming an individual mini microwave cavity comprises forming a plurality of individual mini microwave cavities around each one of a plurality of sample recipients in the sample holder.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein applying microwaves comprises applying microwaves generated using at least two separate microwave generators.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein applying microwaves ...

Systems and Methods for Annealing Semiconductor Structures

Systems and methods are provided for annealing a semiconductor structure. In one embodiment, the method includes providing an energy-converting structure proximate a semiconductor structure, the energy-converting structure comprising a material having a loss tangent larger than that of the semiconductor structure; providing a heat reflecting structure between the semiconductor structure and the energy-converting structure; and providing microwave radiation to the energy-converting structure and the semiconductor structure. The semiconductor structure may include at least one material selected from the group consisting of boron-doped silicon germanium, silicon phosphide, titanium, nickel, silicon nitride, silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, n-type doped silicon, and aluminum capped silicon carbide. The heat reflecting structure may include a material substantially transparent to microwave radiation and having substantial reflectivity with respect to infrared radiation. 1. A system comprising:a radiation source for generating first radiation;an energy-converting structure disposed over a semiconductor structure, the energy-converting structure configured to convert first radiation into second radiation;a second radiation reflecting structure positioned between the semiconductor structure and the energy-converting structure, wherein the second radiation reflecting structure reflects second radiation generated by the semiconductor structure back towards the semiconductor structure; anda shell disposed over the energy-converting structure and under the semiconductor structure, the shell defining an opening through which the first radiation generated by the radiation source passes through.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the shell is further disposed along a side of the energy-converting structure claim 1 , a side of the second radiation reflecting structure and a side of the semiconductor structure.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the shell is further disposed along ...

Workpiece Processing Chamber Having a Rotary Microwave Plasma Source

In a processing reactor having a microwave plasma source, the microwave radiator is mounted on a rotary microwave coupling for continuous rotation. 1. A reactor for processing a workpiece , comprising:a chamber and a workpiece support in the chamber, the chamber comprising a side wall and a ceiling having a microwave transmissive window;a rotatable microwave radiator overlying the microwave transmissive window and fluidically separated from the chamber by the window, the rotatable microwave radiator comprising a rotatable hollow conductive housing having a top, a side wall, and a bottom floor positioned above the window, a plurality of openings in the bottom floor, and a microwave input port; (A) a stationary member comprising a microwave power port and a first hollow microwave waveguide coupled to the microwave power port, and', '(B) a rotatable member comprising a second hollow microwave waveguide coupled between the first hollow microwave waveguide and the input port of the rotatable microwave radiator; and, 'a rotary waveguide coupling comprising'}a rotation actuator coupled to the rotatable member.2. The reactor of claim 1 , comprising a gas distribution plate below the microwave transmissive window.3. The reactor of claim 1 , whereinthe rotation actuator comprises a motor and a rotatable drive gear coupled to the motor, andthe rotatable member comprises a driven gear fastened to the rotatable member and engaged with the rotatable drive gear.4. The reactor of claim 1 , further comprising a microwave generator and a flexible waveguide conduit connected between the microwave generator and the microwave power port of the stationary member.5. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein the microwave radiator is configured to radiate at frequency not less than 2.45 GHz.6. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of openings in the bottom floor of the microwave radiator are arranged in an array having a periodic spacing corresponding to a function of a microwave ...

Microwave Processing Equipment for Continuous Flow Liquids

The disclosure discloses a microwave processing equipment for continuous flow liquids, and belongs to the technical field of microwave processing. The microwave processing equipment for continuous flow liquids of the disclosure includes a feed preheating section, a microwave heating section and a cooling section. The microwave heating section includes a microwave generation system, a waveguide system, tuners, and a microwave absorption cavity. The waveguide system includes at least two waveguides. Each waveguide is installed at the microwave feed port formed in the outer wall of the microwave absorption cavity according to a predetermined angle. The predetermined angle is greater than or equal to 15° and less than 90°. The disclosure provides a specific implementation scheme for microwave processing of flow liquids. In consideration of the reflection action of microwaves, the safety of equipment operation process and the utilization rate of energy are improved by a special waveguide arrangement mode. It can meet the heating requirement of liquid material and a feasible scheme is provided for the application of microwave processing to flow liquids. 1. A microwave processing equipment for continuous flow liquid , comprising: a feed preheating section , a microwave heating section and a cooling section;wherein the microwave heating section comprises a microwave generation system, a waveguide system, tuners, and a microwave absorption cavity, the waveguide system comprises at least two waveguides, each waveguide is installed at a microwave feed port formed in an outer wall of the microwave absorption cavity according to a predetermined angle, and the predetermined angle is greater than or equal to 15° and less than 90°;the microwave absorption cavity is a rectangular cavity, a cross-section of each waveguide cavity has the same shape and size as a bottom surface of the microwave absorption cavity, and the bottom surface of the microwave absorption cavity is a surface ...

Energy enhanced reaction catalysis and uses thereof

The present invention provides methods, devices and systems for increasing the energy of biologically active molecules in vitro or in vivo by utilizing electromagnetic energy, inductively-applied electromagnetic energy or magnetic energy. Such methods, devices and systems also can be used for inducing or accelerating the rate of a reaction by increasing energy of the reactants.

Microfluidic devices with monolithic microwave integrated circuits

A microwave device has a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) disposed therein for applying microwave radiation to a microfluidic structure, such as a chamber, defined in the device. The microwave radiation from the MMIC is useful for heating samples introduced into the microfluidic structure and for effecting lysis of cells in the samples. Microfabrication techniques allow the fabrication of MMICs that perform heating and cell lysing of samples having volumes in the microliter to picoliter range.

Electromagnetic heating reactor

An electromagnetic heating reactor for heating a fluid stream contained within a supply conduit that is microwave and/or radio frequency, RF, transparent or substantially or partially transparent, in a microwave enclosure formed substantially of a conducting material. The cross-section area of the enclosure is not constant transverse to the fluid conduit and in which the fluid is continuously moved through the cavity to increase the temperature.

Chemical synthesis comprising heat treatment by intrmittent dielectric heating combined with a recycling system

This invention relates to the design of a process by intermittent dielectric heating combined with a recycling system. This process consists in subjecting reagents to electromagnetic waves selected in the frequencies ranging between 300 GHz and 3 MHz intermittently using a recycling system. This process enables the treatment of oils that are hardly absorbent as well as great investment savings. This process enables operation on different scales, whether in laboratories, on a semi-industrial or industrial scale, without forfeiting the advantages of continuous dielectric heating.

Chemical synthesis comprising heat treatment by intermittent dielectric heating, combined with a recycling system

The invention concerns the design of a method by intermittent dielectric heating combined with a recycling system. Said method consists in subjecting the reagents to electromagnetic waves selected in the frequencies ranging between 300 GHz and 3 MHz intermittently using a recycling system. Said method enables the treatment of oils which are hardly absorbent and great investments savings. The method enables operation on different scales, whether in laboratories, on a semi-industrial or industrial scale, without forfeiting the advantages of continuous dielectric heating.

Chemical synthesis comprising heat treatment by intermittent dielectric heating, combined with a recycling system

The invention concerns the design of a method by intermittent dielectric heating combined with a recycling system. Said method consists in subjecting the reagents to electromagnetic waves selected in the frequencies ranging between 300 GHz and 3 MHz intermittently using a recycling system. Said method enables the treatment of oils which are hardly absorbent and great investments savings. The method enables operation on different scales, whether in laboratories, on a semi-industrial or industrial scale, without forfeiting the advantages of continuous dielectric heating.

Plasma catalyst

Methods and apparatus are provided for igniting, modulating, and sustaining a plasma for various plasma processes and treatments. In one embodiment, a plasma is ignited by subjecting a gas in a multi-mode processing cavity to electromagnetic radiation having a frequency between about 1 MHz and about 333 GHz in the presence of a plasma catalyst, which may be passive or active. A passive plasma catalyst may include, for example, any object capable of inducing a plasma by deforming a local electric field. An active plasma catalyst can include any particle or high energy wave packet capable of transferring a sufficient amount of energy to a gaseous atom or molecule to remove at least one electron from the gaseous atom or molecule, in the presence of electromagnetic radiation.

生产线中的等离子体辅助处理

本发明提供了在生产线中用于等离子体辅助处理多个工件的方法及装置。在一个实施例中，该方法可以包括将工件(320)放置在可动运载部分上，将输送装置(310)上的运载部分移入辐射区域，使气体流入辐射区域，激发辐射区域中的气体以形成等离子体(例如，通过在等离子体催化剂存在的情况下使气体受到电磁辐射的方式)，维持等离子体一段足够长的时间以至少部分地等离子体处理辐射区域中的至少一个工件(320)，并且推进输送装置(310)将至少一个等离子体处理过的工件移出辐射区域。本发明还提供了各种类型的等离子体催化剂。

等离子体辅助消除结晶

本发明提供了用于使物体表面至少部分消除结晶而激发、调节和维持等离子体的方法和装置。在一个实施例中，提供了通过形成等离子体(例如使气体受到一定的电磁辐射，可选择在等离子体催化剂存在的情况下)并将物体表面暴露在等离子体中来使物体表面消除结晶的方法。

Uniform batch processing using microwaves

A microwave oven and microwave heating method generates microwaves within a cavity in a predetermined mode such that there is a known region of uniform microwave field. Samples placed in the region will then be heated in a relatively identical manner. Where perturbations induced by the samples are significant, samples are arranged in a symmetrical distribution so that the cumulative perturbation at each sample location is the same.

流動層の粒状固体の熱処理方法およびプラント

本発明は、少なくとも一つの導波管（5）を通して流動層炉（1、1a）にマイクロ波を放射する、流動層炉（1、1a）に位置した流動層（3、3a）における粒状固体の熱処理方法および対応するプラントに関する。マイクロ波の放射効率を向上させるために、マイクロ波の放射角を流動層炉（1、1a）の主軸（11）に対して10度から50度、とくに10度から20度の角度に傾ける。

Continuous Surface Treatment Apparatus and method of used vulcanized rubber powder using microwave

본 발명은 마이크로웨이브를 이용한 폐고무분말의 연속식 표면개질장치와 이를 이용한 표면개질방법에 관한 것으로서, 마이크로웨이브를 이용하면서 폐고무분말의 연속적인 표면개질처리가 이루어질 수 있도록 구성하여, 재활용을 위한 더욱 효율적인 폐고무분말의 표면처리가 가능하도록 하고, 더 나아가 표면거칠기 및 성형성이 우수한 재활용 고무재를 제공할 수 있음은 물론, 이를 소재로 하는 창틀 고무, 고무판 등 표면거칠기 및 성형성이 우수한 고무제품을 제조할 수 있도록 하는 폐고무분말의 연속식 표면개질장치와 이를 이용한 표면개질방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a continuous surface modification apparatus for waste rubber powder using microwaves and a surface modification method using the same, and configured to enable continuous surface modification treatment of waste rubber powder while using microwaves, for recycling It is possible to provide more efficient surface treatment of waste rubber powder, and furthermore, to provide a recycled rubber material having excellent surface roughness and formability, as well as rubber having excellent surface roughness and formability, such as window frame rubber and rubber plate. The present invention relates to a continuous surface modification apparatus for waste rubber powder and a surface modification method using the same. 마이크로웨이브, 연속식, 표면개질, 고무, EPDM, Microwave, continuous, surface modified, rubber, EPDM,

Semiconductor device manufacturing methods, substrate processing devices and programs

基板を保持する基板保持具に保持された断熱板を、加熱装置から供給された電磁波によって基板を処理する処理温度まで加熱し、非接触式温度計によって処理温度に到達するまでの断熱板の温度変化を測定する工程と、基板保持具に保持され、非接触温度計の検知光を透過しない材質により構成されるチップが設置された基板を、加熱装置によって処理温度まで加熱し、非接触式温度計によって処理温度に到達するまでのチップの温度変化を測定する工程と、断熱板の温度変化の測定結果とチップの温度変化の測定結果によって断熱板とチップの温度変化の相関関係を取得する工程と、非接触式温度計が測定する断熱板の温度と相関関係とを基に加熱装置を制御して基板を加熱する工程と、を有する技術が提供される。

Method for manufacturing semiconductor device, substrate processing apparatus, and program

本发明提供一种技术，具有如下工序：利用从加热装置供给的电磁波将保持于保持基板的基板保持件的隔热板加热到处理基板的处理温度，利用非接触式温度计测定直至到达处理温度的隔热板的温度变化；利用加热装置将保持于基板保持件且设置有由不透过非接触式温度计的探测光的材质构成的片材的基板加热到处理温度，利用非接触式温度计测定直至到达处理温度的片材的温度变化；根据隔热板的温度变化的测定结果和片材的温度变化的测定结果，获取隔热板和片材的温度变化的相关关系；以及基于非接触式温度计测定的隔热板的温度和相关关系控制加热装置对基板进行加热。

Cooker using sensor temperature/humidity and control method of the same

리니어 특성을 갖는 볼로 매트릭 소자를 이용한 온도/습도센서는 조리기기 내의 음식물의 랩 사용유무 및 사용자의 요리모드 선택에 따라 요리시간이 조절 가능하도록 한 온도/습도센서를 이용한 조리기기 및 그 제어방법에 관한 것으로서, 저항 값의 변동에 따라 조리기기 내의 습도 변화를 감지하는 습도감지소자와, 조리기기 내의 온도변화에 따라 가변되는 저항 값을 통해 변화되는 습도감지소자의 온도에 따른 저항 값의 오차를 보상하는 보상소자와, 습도감지소자에서 감지되는 습도에 해당되는 출력전압을 반전(-)단자로 입력받고, 기 설정된 기준전압을 비반전(+)단자로 입력받아 그 차를 증폭하여 출력하는 증폭부와, 증폭부의 비반전(+)단자에 기준전압을 인가하기 위한 가변저항과, 가변저항에 일단이 연결되고, 타측 일단은 보상소자에 연결되는 저항을 포함하여 구성되므로 리니어 특성을 갖는 볼로 매트릭 소자를 이용한 온도/습도센서는 조리기기 내의 음식물의 랩 사용유무를 감지하여 해당 음식물의 요리시간을 조절하고 사용자가 데우기 기능 선택시 선택된 데우기 요리모드에 해당되는 온도를 유지하여 요리를 수행시킴으로써 사용자에게 최적의 음식을 제공할 수 있다. The temperature / humidity sensor using a bolo metric element having a linear characteristic is a cooking apparatus using a temperature / humidity sensor and a control method thereof in which a cooking time can be adjusted according to the use of food wraps in a cooking device and a user's selection of a cooking mode. The present invention relates to a humidity sensor for detecting a change in humidity in a cooker according to a change in a resistance value, and to compensate for an error in a resistance value according to a temperature of a humidity sensor that is changed through a resistance value that varies with a temperature change in a cooker. An amplification unit that receives the compensation voltage and the output voltage corresponding to the humidity detected by the humidity sensing device as the inverting (-) terminal, and receives the preset reference voltage as the noninverting (+) terminal to amplify the difference and output the difference. And, a variable resistor for applying a reference voltage to the non-inverting (+) terminal of the amplifier, and one end is connected to the variable resistor, the other end is connected to the compensation element Is composed of resistance, so the temperature / humidity sensor using the bolo metric element with linear characteristics detects the use of food wraps in the cooking device to adjust the cooking time of the food and the warming ...

Bolometric hygrometer, stove or furnace using it and method for controlling operation mode of stove or furnace

FIELD: hygrometers with bolometric heat sensitive member, stove or furnace using such hygrometer and method for controlling stove or furnace. SUBSTANCE: hygrometer includes two static bolometric heat sensitive members for accurate detection of humidity value. Stove or furnace includes bolometric hygrometer secured to one side of bracket in air discharge opening for deflecting direction of air flow in order to detect humidity value at high accuracy in cooking chamber. Method for controlling operation mode of stove or furnace provides different periods of heat treatment of food products in package or without it. EFFECT: enhanced accuracy of humidity measuring. 13 cl, 15 dwg ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß (19) RU (51) ÌÏÊ 7 (11) 2 267 057 (13) C2 F 24 C 7/02, G 01 N 25/56, 27/12, 27/18 ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) ÎÏÈÑÀÍÈÅ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈß Ê ÏÀÒÅÍÒÓ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2003114860/28, 31.03.2001 (72) Àâòîð(û): ÊÈÌ Ñàíã Äó (KR) (24) Äàòà íà÷àëà äåéñòâè ïàòåíòà: 31.03.2001 (73) Ïàòåíòîîáëàäàòåëü(ëè): ÝË ÄÆÈ ÝËÅÊÒÐÎÍÈÊÑ ÈÍÊ. (KR) (30) Ïðèîðèòåò: 21.11.2000 KR P2000-69275 21.11.2000 KR P2000-69276 R U (43) Äàòà ïóáëèêàöèè çà âêè: 10.11.2004 (45) Îïóáëèêîâàíî: 27.12.2005 Áþë. ¹ 36 2 2 6 7 0 5 7 (56) Ñïèñîê äîêóìåíòîâ, öèòèðîâàííûõ â îò÷åòå î ïîèñêå: JP 63041732 À, 23.02.1988. RU 2143088 C1, 20.12.1999. SU 887945 A, 09.12.1981. JP 10-010068 A, 16.01.1998. RU 2145135 C1, 27.01.2000. JP 04-225727 A, 14.08.1992. US 4419888 A, 13.12.1983. (85) Äàòà ïåðåâîäà çà âêè PCT íà íàöèîíàëüíóþ ôàçó: 21.06.2003 2 2 6 7 0 5 7 R U (87) Ïóáëèêàöè PCT: WO 02/42689 (30.05.2002) C 2 C 2 (86) Çà âêà PCT: KR 01/00545 (31.03.2001) Àäðåñ äë ïåðåïèñêè: 115184, Ìîñêâà, Ñðåäíèé Îâ÷èííèêîâñêèé ïåð., 12, 5-é ýòàæ, ÇÀÎ "Èíýâðèêà", ïàò.ïîâ. Â.Ê.Êîçûðüêîâîé (54) ÁÎËÎÌÅÒÐÈ×ÅÑÊÈÉ ÃÈÃÐÎÌÅÒÐ, ÏËÈÒÀ ÈËÈ ÏÅ×Ü Ñ ÅÃÎ ÈÑÏÎËÜÇÎÂÀÍÈÅÌ È ÑÏÎÑÎÁ ÐÅÃÓËÈÐÎÂÀÍÈß ÏËÈÒÛ ÈËÈ ÏÅ×È (57) Ðåôåðàò: Èçîáðåòåíèå îòíîñèòñ ê ãèãðîìåòðó ñ áîëîìåòðè÷åñêèì òåðìî÷óâñòâèòåëüíûì ýëåìåíòîì, ê ïëèòå èëè ...

Systems and methods for annealing semiconductor structures

Systems and methods are provided for annealing a semiconductor structure. For example, a semiconductor structure is provided. An energy-converting material capable of increasing the semiconductor structure's absorption of microwave radiation is provided. A heat reflector is provided between the energy-converting material and the semiconductor structure, the heat reflector being capable of reflecting thermal radiation from the semiconductor structure. Microwave radiation is applied to the energy-converting material and the semiconductor structure to anneal the semiconductor structure for fabricating semiconductor devices.

Coaxial tissue ablation sample and method of making a balun therefor

Plasma-assisted reinforced coating

本发明提供了一种用于激发、调节和维持等离子体(615)的用于涂覆物体(250)的方法和装置。在一个实施例中，涂覆物体(250)表面的方法包括：在等离子体催化剂(240)存在的情况下通过使气体受到电磁辐射在腔(230)中形成等离子体(615)，并通过使用例如激光器(500)激发该材料(510)，将至少一种涂覆材料(510)加入等离子体(615)中。允许该材料(510)沉积在物体(250)的表面上以形成涂层。本发明还提供了各种类型的等离子体(240)催化剂。

Waveguide device, electromagnetic wave locking device, antenna device, and radar device

本发明提供波导装置、电磁波锁定装置、天线装置以及雷达装置。波导装置能够在用于锁定电磁波的结构部件开设孔。波导装置具有：第1导电部件，其具有沿第1方向以及第2方向扩展的第1导电性表面；第2导电部件，其具有与所述第1导电性表面相对的第2导电性表面；波导部件，其位于所述第1导电部件与所述第2导电部件之间，并沿所述第1方向延伸，所述波导部件具有与所述第1导电性表面相对的导电性的波导面；以及导电性的多个杆列，该多个杆列位于所述波导部件的两侧，各杆列包含沿所述第1方向配置的多个导电性杆。所述第1导电部件以及所述第2导电部件中的至少一方具有至少一个孔。

Material treatment method

Disclosed is a material treatment method including the steps of impregnating a porous carrier sheet with a treating material, positioning the sheet in contact with a material substrate, and inducing transfer of the treating material by applying microwave energy to the impregnated sheet. Deposition, cleansing and cooking operations are possible with the method described.

Microwave device and chemical reaction methods

А 2001119995 Ко РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ ‚(13) и 7 7 < ВИ” 2004 \ С) х т 7 р 72 2 7 2 Г 7 РЙ И 27 # р й 7 Т ПМК НН 05В 6/80 (12 ИЗВЕЩЕНИЯ К ЗАЯВКЕ НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21), (22) Заявка: 2001119995/09, 17.12.1999 (30) Приоритет: 17.12.1998 ОК РА199801669 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 27.06.2003 (85} Дата перевода заявки РСТ на национальную фазу: 17.07.2001 (86) Заявка РСТ: |В 99/02021 (17.12.1999) (87) Публикация РСТ: М/О 00/36880 (22.06.2000) Адрес для переписки: 129010, Москва, ул. Б.Спасская, 25, стр.3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры", пат.пов. Г.Б. Егоровой (71) Заявитель(и): ПЕРСОНАЛ КЕМИСТРИ И УППСАЛА АБ ($Е) (72) Автор(ы): ФАГРЕЛЛЬ Магнус (ЗЕ) (74) Патентный поверенный: Егорова Галина Борисовна (54) Микроволновое устройство и способы проведения химических реакций РАЭА - Признание заявок на изобретение отозванными в связи с непредставлением в установленном порядке документа, подтверждающего уплату патентной пошлины за регистрацию изобретения и выдачу патента (51) НО5В Дата отзыва заявки: 28.01.2005 Извещение опубликовано: 10.04.2005 БИ: 10/2005 Страница: 1 па 66 о осСс А"

Electrosurgical apparatus for rf and microwave delivery

A control system for electrosurgical apparatus in which the energy delivery profile of both RF EM radiation and microwave EM radiation delivered to a probe is set based on sampled voltage and current information of RF energy conveyed to the probe and/or sampled forward and reflected power information for the microwave energy conveyed to and from the probe. The energy delivery profile for the RF EM radiation is for tissue cutting (without requiring a sharp blade) and the energy delivery profile for the microwave EM radiation is for haemostasis or sealing or coagulation or ablation of tissue. The RF EM radiation and microwave EM radiation may be applied separately or simultaneously.

For the electrosurgical equipment of RF and microwave transfer

一种用于电手术设备的控制系统，其中，传递至探针的RF EM辐射和微波EM辐射两者的能量传递剖面基于传送至探针的RF能量的采样电压和电流信息和/或传送至探针和从探针传出的用于微波能量的采样前向和反射功率信息来设置。用于RF EM辐射的能量传递剖面用于组织切割（不需要锋利刀片），并且用于微波EM辐射的能量传递剖面用于止血或封闭或凝固或组织的切除。RF EM辐射和微波EM辐射可分开或同时施加。

Electrosurgical apparatus for RF and microwave delivery

一种用于电手术设备的控制系统，其中，传递至探针的RF EM辐射和微波EM辐射两者的能量传递剖面基于传送至探针的RF能量的采样电压和电流信息和/或传送至探针和从探针传出的用于微波能量的采样前向和反射功率信息来设置。用于RF EM辐射的能量传递剖面用于组织切割（不需要锋利刀片），并且用于微波EM辐射的能量传递剖面用于止血或封闭或凝固或组织的切除。RF EM辐射和微波EM辐射可分开或同时施加。

Device for in-situ temperature measurement of a sample in the pressure vessel

Microwave-heated pressure reactor

pressure vessel

Druckbehälter (1) zur Aufnahme von zu beheizenden Proben (P), wobei der Druckbehälter (1) eine verschließbare Reaktionskammer (2) als Druckraum zum Auslösen und/oder Fördern chemischer und/oder physikalischer Druckreaktionen aufweist, und wobei der Druckbehälter (1) einen Mikrowellen-durchlässigen Bereich (80) aufweist, über den Mikrowellen in die Reaktionskammer (2) eingekoppelt werden können, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich ein hohles Lichtleitrohr (70) von dem Mikrowellendurchlässigen Bereich (80) zu einem außerhalb des Druckraumes angeordneten Infrarotsensor (90) erstreckt, über das die von den beheizten Proben (P) in der Reaktionskammer (2) emittierte Infrarotstrahlung während einer Druckreaktion zum Infrarotsensor (90) geleitet wird, und in dem Mikrowellen-durchlässigen Bereich (80) zwischen Reaktionskammer (2) und Lichtleitrohr (70) und vorzugsweise an der Reaktionskammer (2) anliegend ein infrarotdurchlässiges Druckaufnahmeteil (71) vorgesehen ist, um das Lichtleitrohr (70) im Mikrowellen-durchlässigen Bereich (80) abzustützen. Pressure vessel (1) for receiving samples to be heated (P), wherein the pressure vessel (1) has a closable reaction chamber (2) as a pressure chamber for triggering and / or conveying chemical and / or physical pressure reactions, and wherein the pressure vessel (1) Microwave-permeable region (80) can be coupled via the microwaves in the reaction chamber (2), characterized in that a hollow Lichtleitrohr (70) from the microwave transparent region (80) to an out of the pressure chamber arranged infrared sensor (90) extends, over which the infrared radiation emitted from the heated samples (P) in the reaction chamber (2) is passed during a pressure reaction to the infrared sensor (90), and in the microwave-transmissive region (80) between the reaction chamber (2) and Lichtleitrohr (70 ) and preferably to the reaction chamber (2) adjacent an infrared-transmitting pressure receiving part (71) is provided to the light guide tube (70) in ...

Pressure-release vessel with rigid proportional liner and associated microwave-assisted chemistry methods

A structural improvement for microwave-assisted high temperature high-pressure chemistry vessel systems is disclosed that among other advantages offers dynamic venting and resealing while a reaction proceeds and eliminates the risk of cross contamination associated with systems that use a common pressurized chamber. The improvement includes a relatively thin-walled disposable liner cylinder that includes one closed end and one open end defining a mouth, and a liner cap positioned in the mouth of the rigid liner cylinder for closing the rigid liner cylinder. The liner cap includes a depending column that engages the inside diameter of the rigid liner cylinder, and a disk at one end of the depending column having a diameter sufficient to rest upon the rigid liner cylinder without falling into the rigid cylinder liner so that the cylindrical liner cap can rest in the rigid liner cylinder at the mouth of the rigid liner cylinder. The depending column, includes a passage to provide a gas venting space, and a dynamic venting action, between the liner cap and the rigid liner cylinder.

Microwave-heatable pressure reactor

A microwave-heatable pressure reactor is provided for continuous or discontinuous treatment of liquid. The liquid is conveyed by means of a high-pressure pump in a pipeline which extends into a microwave-heatable zone of the pressure container into which it finally lets out through the free opening with a volume of pipe sufficient for the treatment of a desired quantity of liquid.

Mikrowellenbeheizbarer pressure reactor and thus performed procedures

Mikrowellenbeheizbarer Druckreaktor zum Aufheizen von Flüssigkeiten mit: einem Behälter, der in seinem unteren Bereich eine Austrittsöffnung aufweist; einer Rohrleitung zum Transport der zu erhitzenden Flüssigkeit, die druckdicht in den Innenraum des Behälters geführt ist, wobei die Rohrleitung wenigstens auf einem Teilabschnitt ihrer Länge aus einem mikrowellentransparenten Material besteht, in welchem die Flüssigkeit in einem Mikrowellenfeld aufheizbar ist; und mit Fördermitteln zum Transport der Flüssigkeit in der Rohrleitung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Behälter als Druckbehälter (1) ausgebildet ist, der Mittel (3) zum Aufbau eines Drucks im Behälterinneren aufweist, wobei die Austrittsöffnung (18) des Druckbehälters Mittel (13) zum Regulieren des Flüssigkeitsdurchflusses aufweist; dass der Druckbehälter (1) wenigstens in einem Teilbereich aus mikrowellentransparentem Material besteht; und dass die Rohrleitung (16) mit einer freien Öffnung (17) in diesen Innenraum des Druckbehälters mündet, wobei der mikrowellentransparente Teilabschnitt (10) (Heizbereich) der Rohrleitung (16) im mikrowellentransparenten Bereich des Druckbehälters... Microwave heated pressure reactor for heating liquids with: a container having an outlet opening in its lower region; a pipeline for transporting the liquid to be heated, which is guided pressure-tight in the interior of the container, wherein the pipeline consists of a microwave-transparent material at least over a portion of its length, in which the liquid is heatable in a microwave field; and with conveying means for transporting the liquid in the pipeline, characterized, in that the container is designed as a pressure container (1) which has means (3) for building up a pressure inside the container, the outlet opening (18) of the pressure container having means (13) for regulating the liquid flow; that the pressure vessel (1) consists of at least a portion of microwave-transparent material; and that the pipeline (16) opens ...

Pressure vessel

The tank (1) has a closable reaction chamber (2) formed as a pressure chamber for triggering and/or conveying chemical and/or physical pressure reactions at samples (P) to be heated. A hollow light tube (70) extends from a microwave-permeable region (80) to an infrared sensor (90) that conveys infrared radiation emitted by heated samples in the chamber during a pressure reaction at the sensor. An infrared-permeable pressure receiving part (71) is provided in the microwave-permeable region between the chamber and light tube, lies against the chamber and supports the tube in the region.

Pressure vessel

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Druckbehälter (1) zur Aufnahme von zu beheizenden Proben (P), wobei der Druckbehälter (1) eine verschließbare Reaktionskammer (2) als Druckraum zum Auslösen und/oder Fördern chemischer und/oder physikalischer Druckreaktionen aufweist, und wobei der Druckbehälter (1) einen Mikrowellen-durchlässigen Bereich (80) aufweist, über den Mikrowellen in die Reaktionskammer (2) eingekoppelt werden können, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich ein hohles Lichtleitrohr (70) von dem Mikrowellen-durchlässigen Bereich (80) zu einem außerhalb des Druckraumes angeordneten Infrarotsensor (90) erstreckt, über das die von den beheizten Proben (P) in der Reaktionskammer (2) emittierte Infrarotstrahlung während einer Druckreaktion zum Infrarotsensor (90) geleitet wird, und in dem Mikrowellen-durchlässigen Bereich (80) zwischen Reaktionskammer (2) und Lichtleitrohr (70) und vorzugsweise an der Reaktionskammer (2) anliegend ein infrarotdurchlässiges Druckaufnahmeteil (71) vorgesehen ist, um das Lichtleitrohr (70) im Mikrowellen-durchlässigen Bereich (80) abzustützen. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung einen vergleichbaren Druckbehälter, in dem auch auf andere Weise die Proben erhitzt werden können sowie Verfahren zur Temperaturmessung von in einem Druckbehälter aufgenommenen, zu beheizenden Proben. The invention relates to a pressure vessel (1) for receiving samples (P) to be heated, wherein the pressure vessel (1) has a closable reaction chamber (2) as a pressure chamber for triggering and / or conveying chemical and / or physical pressure reactions, and wherein the pressure vessel (1) has a microwave-transmissive region (80), can be coupled via the microwaves in the reaction chamber (2), characterized in that a hollow Lichtleitrohr (70) from the microwave-transmissive region (80) to one outside the Pressure chamber disposed infrared sensor (90), via which the infrared radiation emitted by the heated samples (P) in the reaction chamber (2) is passed during a pressure ...

Spectroscopy-based real-time control for microwave-assisted chemistry

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung und ein Verfahren für eine mikrowellengestützte chemische Synthese. Die Einrichtung umfasst eine Quelle für Mikrowellenstrahlung zum Zuführen von Mikrowellenenergie zu einer Probe, eine Mikrowellenkavität in Verbindung mit der Quelle zur Aufnahme der Probe während des Zuführens der Mikrowellenenergie und eine im Wesentlichen monochromatische Strahlungsquelle, die elektromagnetisch mit der Kavität in Verbindung steht, um im Wesentlichen monochromatisches Licht zu der Probe zuzuführen. Die Einrichtung umfasst ferner einen Detektor, der zum Erfassen einer Raman-Streuung von Licht von der monochromatischen Quelle durch die Probe positioniert ist, und eine Steuerung, die mit der Mikrowellenenergiequelle und dem Raman-Streuungsdetektor zum Moderieren des Zuführens der Mikrowellenenergie zu der Probe auf der Grundlage der erfassten Raman-Streuung in Verbindung steht. The invention relates to a device and a method for a microwave-assisted chemical synthesis. The apparatus includes a source of microwave radiation for delivering microwave energy to a sample, a microwave cavity in communication with the source for receiving the sample while delivering the microwave energy, and a substantially monochromatic radiation source electromagnetically communicating with the cavity to substantially to supply monochromatic light to the sample. The apparatus further includes a detector positioned to detect Raman scattering of light from the monochromatic source through the sample and a controller coupled to the microwave energy source and the Raman scatter detector for moderating the supply of microwave energy to the sample on the sample Basis of the detected Raman scattering.

Organic halogen compound decomposing device and operation control method therefor, and organic halogen compound decomposing method

The present invention is an organic halogen compound decomposition device which utilizes a plasma, wherein a stable and reliable ignition at operation commencement is possible, and where following ignition, a good plasma form can be maintained and stable operation is possible. The organic halogen compound decomposition device is equipped with a cylindrical waveguide 7 made up of an outer conductor 8 and an inner conductor 9, and a dual construction discharge tube 5 made up of an inner tube 11 and an outer tube 12 which is provided inside the cylindrical waveguide 7 and on an identical axis. Furthermore, a probe antenna 9a formed from an extension of the inner conductor 9 is positioned so as to encircle the discharge tube 5, and the tip of the inner tube 11 is positioned further inwards than the tip of the probe antenna 9a.

High frequency reaction processing system

A high frequency reaction processing system comprising an outer container ( 40 ) made of a dielictric material and having two end faces, which can close the inner cavity, one or more high frequency wave coupling portion ( 42 ) disposed at arbitrary position on the outer surface of the outer container ( 40 ), one or more inner container ( 41 ) made of a dielectric material and having two end faces, which can closeg the inner cavity, disposed at a position for receiving a high frequency wave guided through the high frequency wave coupling portion ( 42 ) without touching the inner side face of the outer container ( 40 ), and a covering portion ( 43 ) made of a conductive material, for covering the outer surface of the outer container except for the area occupied with the high frequency wave coupling portion ( 42 ) and sustaining the potential at a level equal to the ground potential of a waveguide line.

Plasma reactor for carrying out gas reactions and method for the plasma-supported reaction of gases

Applicator and Apparatus for heating samples by microwave radiation

The present invention relates a microwave applicator for heating a sample by microwave radiation comprising a source of microwave radiation, and a transmission duct for transmitting said microwave radiation from said source to said sample, said transmission duct having at least one external wall defining an internal space for the propagation of said microwave radiation, said at least one wall comprising an interface which is at least partially permeable to said microwave radiation, said transmission duct comprising a tapering portion having an internal cross-section perpendicular to a direction of propagation of said microwave radiation, wherein said internal cross-section tapers along the direction of propagation of said microwave radiation, said interface being at least partially arranged within said tapering portion.

Microwave irradiation device and microwave irradiation method

피처리체를 수용하는 챔버와, 마이크로파를 발생시키고, 그 마이크로파를 상기 챔버내의 피처리체에 조사하기 위한 복수의 마그네트론과, 상기 복수의 마그네트론에 펄스형상 전압을 공급하는 전원부를 구비하는 마이크로파 조사 장치가 제공된다. 상기 전원부는 상기 복수의 마그네트론에 각각 공급되는 펄스형상 전압의 전압 펄스끼리가 시간적으로 중첩되지 않도록 전압을 공급한다. Provided is a microwave irradiation apparatus including a chamber for receiving a target object, a plurality of magnetrons for generating microwaves and irradiating the microwaves to the target object in the chamber, and a power supply unit for supplying a pulsed voltage to the plurality of magnetrons. do. The power supply unit supplies a voltage so that voltage pulses of pulse-shaped voltages respectively supplied to the plurality of magnetrons do not overlap in time.

Microwave heater

FIELD: mechanical engineering. SUBSTANCE: device has microwave generator, wave duct for guiding generated electromagnetic waves to applicator, and deflector, formed by closed contour, determining plane, while aforementioned deflector has resonance frequency and thickness in direction, perpendicular to aforementioned plane, deflector can rotate around axis, which is at least substantially parallel to aforementioned plane, deflector is positioned in wave duct in a way to form resonator with sample and wave duct applicator. Resonance conditions of resonator and emission communication coefficient from wave duct to current resonator are easily adjusted using rotation of deflector. Resonance conditions and communication coefficient can be adjusted in accordance to dielectric properties of sample and are used to solve problem of optimization of consumed energy and thus realize process of controlling sample heating process. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 2 cl, 23 dwg ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß (19) RU (51) ÌÏÊ 7 (11) 2 263 420 (13) C2 H 05 B 6/70 ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) ÎÏÈÑÀÍÈÅ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈß Ê ÏÀÒÅÍÒÓ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2002125497/09, 26.02.2001 (72) Àâòîð(û): ÔÀÃÐÅËËÜ Ìàãíóñ (SE), ÐÈÑÌÀÍ Ïåð Îëîâ Ã. (SE) (24) Äàòà íà÷àëà äåéñòâè ïàòåíòà: 26.02.2001 (30) Ïðèîðèòåò: 25.02.2000 US 60/185,059 (73) Ïàòåíòîîáëàäàòåëü(ëè): ÏÅÐÑÎÍÀË ÊÅÌÈÑÒÐÈ È ÓÏÏÑÀËÀ ÀÁ (SE) R U (43) Äàòà ïóáëèêàöèè çà âêè: 27.03.2004 (45) Îïóáëèêîâàíî: 27.10.2005 Áþë. ¹ 30 2 2 6 3 4 2 0 (56) Ñïèñîê äîêóìåíòîâ, öèòèðîâàííûõ â îò÷åòå î ïîèñêå: RU 94029963 A1, 20.06.1996. SU 786072, 07.01.1980. WO 9917588 À, 01.04.1999. US 4681740 A, 21.07.1987. (85) Äàòà ïåðåâîäà çà âêè PCT íà íàöèîíàëüíóþ ôàçó: 25.09.2002 (86) Çà âêà PCT: IB 01/00257 (26.02.2001) 2 2 6 3 4 2 0 R U Àäðåñ äë ïåðåïèñêè: 129010, Ìîñêâà, óë. Á. Ñïàññêà , 25, ñòð.3, ÎÎÎ "Þðèäè÷åñêà ôèðìà Ãîðîäèññêèé è Ïàðòíåðû", ïàò.ïîâ. Þ.Ä.Êóçíåöîâó, ðåã.¹ 595 C 2 C 2 (87) Ïóáëèêàöè PCT: WO 01/62379 (30.08.2001) (54) ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PROCESSING TECHNOLOGICAL VOLUME BY MEANS OF MANY ELECTROMAGNETIC GENERATORS

1. Устройство для возбуждения технологической среды посредством электромагнитного излучения, содержащее: !реакционную конструкцию, содержащую технологический или реакционный объем; ! множество сверхвысокочастотных электромагнитных генераторов, связанных с реакционной конструкцией, вокруг реакционной конструкции; и, ! по меньшей мере, один радиочастотный (РЧ) электромагнитный генератор, связанный с реакционной конструкцией. ! 2. Устройство по п.1, отличающееся, по меньшей мере, одним из следующих признаков: !(а) дополнительно содержащее, по меньшей мере, один генератор статического электромагнитного поля, связанный с реакционной конструкцией, и при этом, по меньшей мере, один генератор статического электромагнитного поля предпочтительно создает постоянное поле для удержания плазмы; ! (b) в котором реакционная конструкция является одномодовой или многомодовой при сверхвысокой частоте; и ! (с) в котором реакционная конструкция является цилиндрически симметричной относительно оси. ! 3. Устройство по п.1, в котором реакционная конструкция ограничена спиральной конструкцией, образованной из проводящего материала и имеющей множество катушек. ! 4. Устройство по п.3, отличающееся одним из следующих отличительных признаков: ! (а) в котором ширина витков спирали составляет одну четвертую часть длины волны при резонансной частоте; ! (b) в котором спираль соединена с одним или несколькими из указанных радиочастотных генераторов; ! (с) в котором витки образуют часть резонансного контура; и ! (d) в котором спираль имеет концевую заглушку на каждом конце, при этом концевые заглушки содержат спиральные обмотки для предотвращ� РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2010 113 677 (13) A (51) МПК H01J 37/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2010113677/07, 07.04.2010 (71) Заявитель(и): РФ ТАММИМ ТЕКНОЛОДЖИЗ, ИНК. (CA) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 08.04.2009 US 12/420,770 A 2 0 1 ...

Controlled heating microwave ovens using different operating frequencies

TITLE CONTROLLED HEATING MICROWAVE OVENS INVENTORS Alejandro MACKAY B. Wayne R. TINGA Walter A.G. VOSS ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A frequency controlled microwave oven having an oven cavity, a frequency agile microwave source for energizing the oven cavity, a detector for detecting the power absorption in a load at various source frequencies within a bandwidth and a control circuit for setting the microwave source at frequencies as determined by the power absorption levels. The frequencies at which the oven cavity is energized are selected by the control system to obtain high efficiency, i.e. low power reflection from the cavity, and to obtain improved heating uniformity by the superimposing of various heating patterns produced by the different operating frequencies.

Plasma assisted engine exhaust treatment system and method

エンジンの排気ガスを処理する方法および装置を提供する。一実施形態において、エンジンの排気ガス処理システムは、吸入部（２１５）、排出部（２１６）、中間部（２０５）、及び少なくとも１つのプラズマ・キャビティ（２１０）を有した導管を少なくとも１つ含んでいる。吸入部は、エンジンブロック（５１０）と接続されるべく形成されており、排気ガスを受け入れている。排出部は、プラズマ処理後の排気ガスを放出する。中間部は、吸入部から排出部まで排気ガスを搬送する。一実施形態において、１つ又は複数のプラズマキャビティ（３４２，３４４，３４６）は、排気ガスを処理するために、吸入部の近傍に配置されている。本システムは、キャビティに放射を供給するためにキャビティに接続された電磁放射供給源（３４０）も含んでおり、そこでは、この放射は、約３３３GHz未満の周波数を有している。排気ガスの処理において、プラズマ触媒（７０，１７０）の使用を行ってもよい。