METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR ALL DIGITAL GAIN CONTROL

Method for preparing TiAl alloy bar material

The invention relates to an intermetallic compound preparation forming technique, in particular to a preparation method of TiAl alloy bar. The preparation method comprises the process flow as follows: billet, homogenization heat treatment, turning, sheathing, extruding, removing sheath and subsequent heat treatment; the extrusion intermittent time is precisely controlled so that the sheathing material and TiAl alloy are consistent during extrusion deformation, thus successfully gaining bars with excellent comprehensive performance. By composite sheathing of brittle material intermetallic compound TiAl alloy, the preparation method leads the TiAl alloy to deform by the traditional extrusion method, thus reducing the dependence on the equipment to a great extent; by strictly controlling the extrusion intermittent time and adjusting the air cooling time after the TiAl alloy is taken out of a furnace and the staying time in the extrusion cylinder, the preparation method leads the sheathing ...

Comb overlapping combination type photocatalysis air purification and disinfection apparatus

The combined comb-shaped photocatalytic air purifying sterilizer contains comb-shaped photocatalytic air purifying and sterilizing element with nano level photocatalytic material painted to the wall;ultraviolet lamp tubes inside the passage perpendicular to the air flow direction; and fin combination with painted nano level photocatalytic material, connected to the basic structure unit wall and in the direction perpendicular to or parallel to the air flow. The basic structure unit may have two comb-shaped walls, may have embossed wall and has rough wall base before painted with nano level photocatalytic material. The ultraviolet lamp tubes may be set crosswise for the full utilization of light energy. The present invention has the advantages of simple production process, flexible combination, large reaction area, high efficiency, etc.

Randomly positioned float collar

The invention relates to the technical field of float collars, in particular to a randomly positioned float collar which comprises a body, an upper slip pushing drum, a lower slip pushing drum, an upper packer rubber pushing drum, a lower packer rubber pushing drum, outer sleeves, bidirectional slips, a hemispherical rod check valve and a unidirectional pressure valve, wherein the unidirectional pressure valve is fixedly installed at the top of the body; an upper baffle and a lower baffle are respectively installed outside the upper end and the lower end of the body fixedly; an upper packer rubber, the upper packer rubber pushing drum and the upper slip pushing drum are successively sleeved on the body below the upper baffle from top to bottom; and the upper packer rubber pushing drum andthe upper slip pushing drum are spaced. The float collar has reasonable and compact structure, is convenient to use and can be fixed on the inner wall of the casing by the bidirectional slips, thus avoiding ...

Parent scylla paramamosain compound feed and preparation method thereof

The invention discloses a parent scylla paramamosain compound feed and a preparation method thereof. The compound feed is characterized by containing the following components in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of fish meal, 20-25 parts of sleeve-fish meat meal, 5-10 parts of krill meal, 3-5 parts of clam worm meal, 15-20 parts of bean pulp, 2-3 parts of fish oil, 3-5 parts of soybean lecithin, 15-20 parts of flour, 0.5-1 part of cholesterol, 0.5-1.0 part of vitamin mixture and 0.5-1.0 part of mineral mixture. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: mixing the components; quenching and tempering the mixture under a certain steam pressure and at a certain humidity and temperature; and curing the quenched and tempered mixture at a certain temperature under a certain pressure for a certain period of time, and extruding the mixture into a feed with the particle size between 3 millimeters and 4 millimeters to obtain the parent scylla paramamosain compound feed. The feed has the ...

Wire-holding technique

The invention relates to a wire-holding technique. Heater strips are held into products such as roofing shingles, transmission lines, optical cables and the like and are electrified and warmed in winter so as to prevent disasters such as rain, snow, freezing and the like from damaging various facilities, thereby having higher market value.

Preparation method of low-oxygen monocrystalline silicon for insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT)

The invention provides a preparation method of low-oxygen monocrystalline silicon for an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Translator), and relates to the technical field of monocrystalline silicon preparation methods, when a crystal bar with the diameter of more than 200mm is drawn, in a material melting step, the bottom of a heating area of a heater and the liquid level of a silicon solution are positioned on the same horizontal line, feeding is carried out for multiple times, and after material melting is finished, in the whole crystal pulling stage, the crystal bar with the diameter of more than 200mm is drawn; a heater is adjusted to rise by a first preset distance, so that a heating area of the heater is located above the liquid level of the silicon solution, and the oxygen content in the early stage of crystal pulling is reduced; in the rising process of the heater, applying a horizontal magnetic field, and adjusting the horizontal magnetic field to descend to a second preset distance ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DETECTING HARD DISK STATE

A device for monitoring and detecting respective states of hard disks includes a setting module, a receiving module, and a decoding module. The setting module is configured to set configuration information to one or more SGPIO buses. The receiving module is configured to receive SGPIO signals from the one or more SGPIO buses and an access signal of each hard disk. The decoding module is configured to decode the SGPIO signals according to the configuration information of the SGPIO buses and the access signal of each hard disk to obtain the state information of each hard disk. A hard disk state detecting system and method are also provided. 1. A hard disk state detecting method for monitoring a plurality of hard disks , the hard disk state detecting method comprising:setting configuration information to one or more serial general purpose input/output (SGPIO) buses;receiving SGPIO signals from the one or more SGPIO buses and an access signal of each hard disk; anddecoding the SGPIO signals according to the configuration information of the SGPIO buses and the access signal of each hard disk to obtain state information of each hard disk.2. The hard disk state detecting method of claim 1 , wherein decoding the SGPIO signals according to the configuration information of the SGPIO buses and the access signal of each hard disk to obtain the state information of each hard disk comprises:setting a total number of the plurality of hard disks; anddecoding the SGPIO signals according to the configuration information of the SGPIO buses, the total number of the hard disks, and the access signal of each hard disk to obtain the state information of each hard disk.3. The hard disk state detecting method of claim 1 , wherein receiving the access signal of each hard disk comprises:receiving the access signal of each hard disk through a shift register.4. The hard disk state detecting method of claim 1 , wherein setting the configuration information to the one or more SGPIO buses ...

Device and method for controlling information display

The invention discloses a device for controlling information display. The device for controlling information display of the invention is provided with a multi-position switch comprising a plurality of positions corresponding to different parameter groups respectively. Thus, when the position of the multi-position switch corresponding to any parameter group generates a continuity signal, a processor only reads a corresponding parameter identifier in a collection of the corresponding parameter identifier in the parameter group to limit the process for searching the parameter identifier of a user in one parameter group so as to improve the efficiency of parameter configuration. The invention also discloses a method for controlling information display.

Antistress reinforcing agent for large yellow croaker

The invention discloses an antistress reinforcing agent for large yellow croaker. The antistress reinforcing agent is prepared by uniformly mixing vitamin A, vitamin C-2- single-polyphosphate, vitamin E acetate, astragalus extract, sodium selenite, copper methionine, zinc methionine and glucose serving as raw materials. The dosage of the antistress reinforcing agent in feed is only 0.1-0.2 %, which can remarkably improve the resistance and the environmental stress resistance of the large yellow croaker on pathogenic microorganisms, so that the survival rate of the large yellow croaker in full cycle raising can be improved, the survival rate can be improved by 10 to 16 percent, the average body weight can be improved by over 20 percent, and the raising yield is improved by over 30 percent. Therefore, the invention is the antistress reinforcing agent by which the survival rate can be improved by 10 to 16 percent, the average body weight can be improved by over 20 percent, and the large yellow ...

Multiple-freedom degree wearing type rehabilitation training robot for function of hand and control system thereof

The invention discloses a multi-freedom wearable robot for hand function recovery. The robot comprises mechanical arms and mechanical fingers; the mechanical fingers consist of a mechanical thumb, a forefinger, a middle finger, a ring finger and a little finger, wherein the forefinger, the middle finger, the ring finger and the little finger have the same structure as that of the thumb; the mechanical forefinger mainly comprises air muscle, a finger end bracket, a first middle connecting piece, a finger front end bracket and a second middle connecting piece which are connected in turn througha connecting rod; the air muscle drives the second middle connecting piece to move through a rigid string so that the finger of a patient makes lituate and adduction exercises; the inside of each connecting piece is provided with a pressure spring; and inside walls of the two connecting pieces are distributed with rolling beads to reduce friction between the connecting rod and the connecting pieces.

Dynamic address translation for a virtual machine

Method, system, and computer program product for dynamic address translation for a virtual machine are disclosed. The method includes obtaining a memory portion from a memory space, in response to a request for building a shadow dynamic address translation table, wherein the memory space is allocated for at least one guest operation system and wherein the shadow dynamic address translation table includes a mapping between at least one guest logic memory address and at least one host physical memory address. The method further includes building the shadow dynamic address translation table and storing the shadow dynamic address translation table in the memory portion.

Flexible circuits with static discharge protection and process for manufacture

Method and system for all digital gain control

Tunable optical filter based on MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) technology

The invention discloses a tunable optical filter based on an MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) technology. The tunable optical filter comprises an input collimator, a reflector, a focusing lens, a collimation lens, a light splitting element, a reflector and an output collimator which are arranged along a light path, wherein the reflector is rotatable; the light splitting element is a diffraction grating; and the wavelength selection is realized by changing the incidence angle of the diffraction grating through the rotatable reflector. The rotatable reflector is a rotatable MEMS reflectoror a reflector with the same functions as the rotatable MEMS reflector. Through the invention, the angle adjustment characteristic of the MEMS reflector is effectively used to change the incidence angle of the diffraction grating so as to realize the wavelength tuning function; and moreover, small size of the diffraction grating is guaranteed, the tunable optical filter is easy to implement and integrate ...

电路保护复合物

... 一种用作柔性电路的复合物，包括导电体的至少一部分，该导体具有与第二表面相对的第一表面。第一均匀聚合物膜与导电体的至少一部分的第一表面接触。第二均匀聚合物膜与第一薄膜的至少一部分和导电体至少一部分的第二表面接触。第一和第二薄膜浸渍形成包围导电体的至少一部分的连续相。有密封的柔性电路的制造方法包括步骤：提供至少一个导电轨线，它具有与第二表面相对的第一表面。第一表面的至少一部分与第一均匀聚合物薄膜相接。第二均匀聚合物膜与第一薄膜至少一部分和第二表面至少一部分接触。然后，在所选温度下对第一和第二薄膜施加压力一段时间，促使聚合物浸渍，形成包围至少一部分导电轨线的连续相。 ...

MOBILE TERMINAL AND METHOD FOR ACHIEVING CLOUD STREAMING MEDIUM FILE SHARING BASED ON DLNA

A mobile terminal and a method for achieving cloud streaming medium file sharing based on DLNA are disclosed. The method includes when a DLNA sharing request is received from a user by a mobile terminal in the process of playing a cloud streaming medium file, acquiring from the cloud and caching a content clip of the streaming medium file by the mobile terminal according to the DLNA sharing request; searching for DLNA apparatuses in an LAN where the mobile terminal is located according to a DLNA protocol; and transmitting the cached content clip of the streaming medium file to one of the DLNA apparatuses that is chosen by the user from the searching result, and controlling the DLNA apparatus to play the content clip of the streaming medium file. The present disclosure allows to share the cloud streaming medium file with the DLNA apparatus via the mobile terminal.

Method and apparatus for restricting radio access to a system

Flexible polyimide circuitsubstrates having predeterminded slopedvias

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD USING SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO ESTIMATION FOR SCALING IN PROCESSING RECEIVED WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SIGNALS

Method and system for following point-to-point bandwidth, remote terminal equipment and home terminal equipment

The invention discloses a method and a system for following point-to-point bandwidth, remote terminal equipment and home terminal equipment, for realizing the bandwidth following of data terminal equipment (DTE) to data circuit terminating equipment (DCE). The system mainly comprises the remote terminal equipment and the home terminal equipment, the home terminal equipment is used for detecting the bandwidth value of the data circuit terminating equipment, and transmitting the bandwidth value to the remote terminal equipment through an overhead path; the remote terminal equipment is used for analyzing the bandwidth value from the overhead path, and finishing the bandwidth following of the data terminal equipment to the data circuit terminating equipment according to the bandwidth value. Compared with the prior art, the invention does not need the user to distribute bandwidth, the home terminal equipment, the remote terminal equipment and the DTE equipment can automatically follow the DCE ...

Riemerella anatipestifer detection kit and method based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification technology

The invention discloses riemerella anatipestifer detection kit and method based on a loop-mediated isothermal amplification technology. Based on six specific regions of a 16S rRNA conserved region of riemerella anatipestifer, two specific primers and two specific outer primers are designed in the kit and can specifically distinguish the riemerella anatipestifer and other serotype salmonellae so as to ensure the high specificity and the reliability of a detection result of loop-mediated isothermal amplification. The invention detects the riemerella anatipestifer on the basis of the loop-mediated isothermal amplification technology, can amplify a target sequence rapidly, efficiently and specifically under the isothermal condition, has simple and convenient operation and does not use expensive instruments and reagents; an amplification product can be developed directly by using a fluorescent dye and a result can be judged with naked eyes; the detection cost is low; and the invention is particularly ...

Oil-immersed numerical control rotary workbench

The invention discloses an oil-immersed numerical control rotary workbench, which comprises a body with an open hollow cavity, a main rotating shaft, a workbench, a worm and gear transmission system, a motor cover and a locking mechanism, wherein the motor cover is fixed on the body and is in sealing connection with the body to seal a motor; the motor cover is fixed with a junction box which is in sealing connection with the motor cover; the locking mechanism is also provided with a pressure sensing valve; the pressure sensing valve is communicated with the locking mechanism and is fixed in the motor cover; a valve element of the pressure sensing valve is fixed with a signal transmitting block, a brake sensor and a loosening sensor; when the inlet end of the pressure sensing valve introduces pressure oil or a pressure gas, the signal transmitting block senses the brake sensor and transmits a brake signal; and when the pressure sensing valve relieves pressure, the signal transmitting block ...

Network management method

Method for preparing porous titanium and titanium alloy block materials

The invention relates to the field of porous material preparation, in particular to a method for preparing porous titanium and titanium alloy block materials, which comprises: firstly, preparing pure titanium or titanium alloy powder by 'electrode induction melting and gas atomization process'; secondly, forming a uniform mixture of the titanium or titanium alloy powder and a pore-forming agent by a cold rolling process; and finally, sintering the formed powder blocks at 1,000 to 1,400 DEG C to obtain a large-sized porous titanium or titanium alloy material of which the aperture is 10 to 500 mu m and of which the porosity is 10 to 50 percent. The method uses the conventional rolling equipment and powder sintering equipment and simple process and is low in cost and applicable to industrialscale production. In the invention, the porosity and aperture of the porous material are adjusted by controlling the particle sizes of titanium or titanium alloy powder and the pore-forming agent andthe ...

Portable ashtray

The invention provides an ashtray convenient to be carried about. The ashtray is characterized in that an ashtray body and an ashtray cover are connected by a pivot; a slider is used for controlling the ashtray cover to open or close; the ashtray cover can be kept in the fixed reset position through the elasticity of a spring ring; the accumulated ash can be cleaned conveniently by opening a bin gate; a ring hole is arranged at the top of the ashtray body; the ashtray body is 6-8cm long, 3.5-4.5cm wide and 1.5-2.5cm thick; and the ashtray can be conveniently stringed on the personnel belongings such as key rings via the ring hole to be carried about.

Transparent RRAM component with zinc oxide based homogeneous structure and manufacture method thereof

The invention relates to a transparent resistance random access memory (RRAM) with a zinc oxide base homogeneous structure and a manufacture method thereof. The memory component is formed by a sandwich structure which is prepared by an electrode layer, a stunt oxide layer and an electrode layer in sequence on a quartz glass substrate, wherein the electrode layer is made of a ZnO base doped transparent conductive film; the stunt oxide layer is made of ZnO or ZnO base doped stunt film. On the premise that transparency of a material is maintained, the conductivity and resistance switching performance of the film material can be controlled through regulating components of the ZnO base film, thereby achieving the aim of stabilizing storage. The best advantage of the storage unit structure is that a homogeneous RRAM storage unit structure with excellent transparency and stable performance can be acquired through doping control based on a low cost film material with the zinc oxide base homogeneous ...

Method for preparing water-based Fe3O4 magnetic fluid

The invention discloses a preparation method of water-based Fe3O4 magnetic fluid, which relates to a preparation method of water-based nano magnetic fluid with superparamagnetism. The invention solvesthe problem that the current magnetic fluid contains organic matter and has poor organism compatibility. The steps of the invention are that: FeCl3 and FeCl2 are dissolved in deionized water and pH value is adjusted; the mixture is heated in oil bathe at the temperature of 120-180 DEG C, NaOH is dripped in under the protection of inert gas and the mixture is insulated and mixed for 0.5-2.5h; deionized water cleaning and ultrasonic dispersion are carried out, permanent magnet is put into the solution to ensure the solution does not contain chloride and is neutral; the solution is subject to centrifugation after being dispersed by ultrasound; the solution is stirred, concentrated and refluxed at the speed of 300r/min for 3-6h at the temperature of 100-160 DEG C and under the protection of inert ...

Wireless communication method and apparatus for generating a serving grant based on a received relative grant

Circuit protective composites

Flexible circuit with cover layer

The invention relates to flexible circuits and more particularly to flexible printed circuits having cover layers. The cover layers may be a chemically-etchable adhesive polyimide. The cover layers may be patterned after they are applied to the flexible circuit substrate.

A method and network for implementing prepaid subscriber short message service

Immunopotentiator for large yellow croaker adults

The invention discloses an immunopotentiator for large yellow croaker adults, which are prepared by uniformly mixing raw materials including fructooligosaccharides, mannan oligosaccharides, polysaccharide sulfates, yeast extract, vitamin C-2-phosphate and vitamin E-acetate. When added in feed in an amount of only 0.1 to 0.2 percent, the immunopotentiator can obviously improve the immunity and disease resistance in the large yellow croaker adults, so the survival rate of cultured large yellow croakers is improved by over 8 percent, and the immunoprotection rate is over 50 percent; and the immunopotentiator is free from toxic and side effects, residue and medicament resistance and avoids influencing the palatability of the feed. Therefore, with a small added amount, the immunopotentiator can obviously improve the immunity and disease resistance in the large yellow croaker adults, so that the culture survival rate is improved by over 8 percent and the immunoprotection rate is over 50 percent ...

Lifting scheme-based optimization implementation method of 9/7 wavelet transformation

The invention provides a lifting scheme-based optimization implementation method of 9/7 wavelet transformation. In the method, the times of shift operations in the computational process of a lifting scheme is effectively reduced by selecting a wavelet transformation lifting parameter which is suitable for being implemented on a high-speed hardware platform; and on the basis, an embedded boundary extension algorithm is adopted, an intermediate result cache region is established and the cache region initialized by using original data, so that stream processing capability is improved, accessing times are reduced, the time complexity of algorithm is reduced, saves memory space, and the space complexity of the algorithm is reduced. The experimental result shows that for the same image, the method and a CDF9/7 wavelet filter-based compression algorithm can achieve basically the same image recovery quality in a compression test, but the method is faster in operation.

Method for preparing ammonium sulfate as fertilizer by phosphogypsum through ball milling

A method for preparing ammonium sulfate as fertilizer by phosphogypsum through ball milling, comprising the steps of taking the phosphogypsum, ammonium bicarbonate and water as raw materials, adding Ca2SO4*2H2O with the dosage 1-20% by weight percentage more than the stoichiometric ratio in the reaction of Ca2SO4*2H2O and NH4HCO3, converting the content of the Ca2SO4*2H2O in the phosphogypsum to the dosage of the needed phosphogypsum and ammonium bicarbonate, adding water in a weight ratio of water and sum of the phosphogypsum and the ammonium bicarbonate, which is 0.05-0.25, adding the raw materials in a ball mill, adding the grinding balls in a ball-material ratio of 3-5, performing ball milling and reaction at normal temperature for 20-60min, and drying to prepare the ammonium sulfate product as fertilizer. The invention uses a ball milling converting technique, performs reaction quickly at normal temperature, and has low energy consumption, high efficiency and strong practicality.

Temp.-controlled cup

The invention discloses a temperature-adjusting cup which comprises a cup body and is characterized in that a hollow interlayer filled with sodium acetate supersaturated solution is arranged inside the cup body; an activated metal sheet extends out from the hollow interlayer. The temperature-adjusting cup can automatically adjust the water inside the cup to raise or reduce temperature to enable the water inside to keep the temperature within a certain range, thus having the function of adjusting the temperature of the water inside.

Method and apparatus for encoding channel quality indicator and precoding control information bits

A method and apparatus for encoding channel quality indicator (CQI) and precoding control information (PCI) bits are disclosed. Each of input bits, such as CQI bits and/or PCI bits, has a particular significance. The input bits are encoded with a linear block coding. The input bits are provided with an unequal error protection based on the significance of each input bit. The input bits may be duplicated based on the significance of each input bit and equal protection coding may be performed. A generator matrix for the encoding may be generated by elementary operation of conventional basis sequences to provide more protection to a most significant bit (MSB).

Data transmission method for video frequency light end machine and decoding method for video receiving machine

The invention provides a data transmitting method of a video transmitting machine, which comprises the following steps: dividing the least significant bit of eight bit video data into 4n time slots, each of the time slots comprises eight clock cycles, transmitting frame synchronous codes to the first seven clock cycles of the kn time slots, transmitting asynchronous codes to the eighth clock cycle, transmitting a lowest bit of sampling cycle video data to the first seven clock cycles of the kn+1 time slots, transmitting network management data to the eighth clock cycle, transmitting the lowest bit of sampling cycle video data to the first seven clock cycles of the kn+2 time slots, and transmitting asynchronous data to the eighth clock cycle, and transmitting the lowest bit of sampling cycle video data to the first seven clock cycles of the kn+3 time slots, and transmitting the network management data to the eighth clock cycle, improving the video data by seven bits and combing a one bit ...

一种带风口的相变蓄热电加热采暖地板

... 一种带风口的相变蓄热电加热采暖地板，涉及一种蓄能型采暖地板的结构设计。本发明包括保温层、电加热膜、定型相变材料层和地板覆盖层，在相变材料层与地板覆盖层之间设有一风道，其地板覆盖层上带有风口；电加热膜上安装固化了与电网峰谷期相匹配的时间控制器和温度控制器；并在风口上装设有风扇，在相变材料层上面装有散热肋片。本发明通过可控风口，能够人为的调节风口放热量，主动控制室内温度，调节人体附近微气候；相变过程中不产生液态，不需封装，无泄漏，具有管理简单且相变时体积变化小、无腐蚀、热寿命长的特点；不仅对环境无污染，可以从根本上解决供电网峰谷差的问题；具有供暖方式舒适、洁净，且节省占地面积，降低采暖电费等优点。 ...

Head suspension with flexible circuit interconnect for reduced moisture permeability

Microcapsule type phase change cold accumulation agent for air conditioner cold accumulation and method for preparing same

The present invention is one kind of microcapsule phase change cold accumulating agent for cold accumulation in air conditioner, and belongs to the field of internal functional material in air conditioner cold accumulation and its preparation process. The cold accumulating agent of the present invention is microcapsule phase change cold accumulating agent comprising phase change material core and polymer wall. The microcapsule phase change cold accumulating agent has proper phase change temperature, wide smelting area range, compact structure and no jamming in cooling machine pipeline, is used in sealed cold accumulator to raise the cooling efficiency of the air conditioner and economy of cold accumulator and possesses long service life.

MBR wastewater treating system with double circular grooves

The invention relates to an MBR wastewater treating system with double circular grooves, comprising a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a water treating area provided with a membrane biological reactor (MBR), wherein the water treating area comprises an outer groove channel and an inner groove channel which are separated by a pool wall; the MBR membrane biological reactor is installed in the inner groove channel; an overflow weir is installed in the pool wall between the inner groove channel and the outer groove channel; the system is internally provided with a flow pushing machine, areflux inlet and an aeration rotating disc; and a central island is installed in the center of the inner groove channel. The system combines the oxidizing groove with the membrane biological reactor,effectively improves the concentration of the sludge in the groove by controlling the reflux ratio and the waterpower stopping time, and simultaneously promotes to generate the concerted reaction of oxidation ...

Horizontal drainage system for mud soft soil foundation and its drainage construction method

The invention relates to a level draining system for mud texture soft soil foundation and draining construction method thereof. drainage ditches are arranged around the mud texture soft soil foundation; a layer of silver sand are laid on the mud texture soft soil foundation; vertical plastic drain bars are inserted with intervals from the silver sand into the mud texture soft soil foundation; theupper part of the drain bar is bent to the level surface of the silver sand; level plastic drain bares are fixed on the bent parts of the vertical plastic drain bars; the level plastic drain bar comprises a latitudinal level plastic drain sub-bar and at least two longitudinal level plastic drain sub-bars; the latitudinal level plastic drain sub-bar is arranged along the length direction of the foundation pressing against the bent part of the level plastic drain bare with the two ends extending to the drainage ditch around the mud texture soft soil foundation; the longitudinal level plastic drain ...

Method and device for online message flow monitoring and bandwidth compensation

The invention discloses a device for online message flow monitoring and bandwidth compensation, which comprises a message identification module 102, a message storage module 103, a message scheduling module 104, a bandwidth measurement module 105 and an inserted message generation module 107. The invention additionally discloses a method for online message flow monitoring and bandwidth compensation. The technical scheme of the invention is that service messages required to be compensated are determined in real time on the transmission path of the service messages, the bandwidth of the servicemessages is measured in real time and whether compensation messages are inserted or not is determined according to measurement results. The invention has the advantages that the compensation/insertion of large bandwidth testing message flow can be realized; the long-term and large-quantity message compensation can be conducted; and the bandwidth value of the interested service message flow can bemonitored ...

Method and system for code reuse and capacity enhancement using null steering

Immunopotentiator for large yellow croaker adults

The invention discloses an immunopotentiator for large yellow croaker adults, which are prepared by uniformly mixing raw materials including fructooligosaccharides, mannan oligosaccharides, polysaccharide sulfates, yeast extract, vitamin C-2-phosphate and vitamin E-acetate. When added in feed in an amount of only 0.1 to 0.2 percent, the immunopotentiator can obviously improve the immunity and disease resistance in the large yellow croaker adults, so the survival rate of cultured large yellow croakers is improved by over 8 percent, and the immunoprotection rate is over 50 percent; and the immunopotentiator is free from toxic and side effects, residue and medicament resistance and avoids influencing the palatability of the feed. Therefore, with a small added amount, the immunopotentiator can obviously improve the immunity and disease resistance in the large yellow croaker adults, so that the culture survival rate is improved by over 8 percent and the immunoprotection rate is over 50 percent ...

Method and apparatus for restricting radio access to a system

A first subscriber unit (SU) operating in a two-way radio frequency (RF) communications system having at least one fixed terminal, one or more channels, and a plurality of subscriber units, generates a first burst of data for transmission to the at least one fixed terminal. The first SU calculates a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) or checksum value over (i) at least a first portion of the first burst of data and (ii) at least a portion of a first private data. The first SU transmits the first burst of data and the calculated CRC/checksum value, but not the first private data, to the at least one fixed terminal. The fixed terminal then calculates its own CRC/checksum over the received burst and its own copy of the first private data, and compares the result with the received CRC/checksum. The fixed terminal authenticates the received burst if the values match.

LIQUID CRYSTAL POLYMERS FOR FLEXIBLE CIRCUITS

Super elasticity low modulus titanium alloy and preparing and processing method

The present invention provides a kind of Ti-Nb-Zr alloy and features that the alloy has the chemical components including Nb 20-35 wt% and Zr 2-15 wt% except Ti and inevitable impurity. The titanium alloy is advantageous, has the excellent cold machining performance, very low machining hardening rate and thus capability of being cold rolled, cold drawn, etc. with great cold deformation; and has super elasticity, shape memory function, damping function, low elastic modulus, high strength, high corrosion resistance and high human body compatibility. The titanium alloy may be cold deformed to prepare nanometer material with crystal grains in nanometer level, and may be heat treated to obtain super high strength nanometer material.

Dynamic address translation for a virtual machine

CONTROLLED DEPTH ETCHED DIELECTRIC FILM

Overlapping combination type photocatalysis air purification and disinfection apparatus

The combined and superposed photocatalytic air purifying sterilizer contains photocatalytic air purifying and sterilizing element combination of several basic structure units with nano level photocatalytic material painted to the walls; ultraviolet lamp tubes with axes parallel with the air flow passage; and the support for the combination and the ultraviolet lamp tubes. The basic structure unitmay have walls of wavy, square wave or sawtoothed surfaces, and may have connected fins or specially shaped air flow choking matters painted with nano level photocatalytic material. These ultraviolet lamp tubes are set inside the air passage homogeneously. The present invention has the advantages of simple production process, high light energy utilization, high air purifying efficiency, and high sterilizing effect.

Pruning machine

The invention discloses a pruning machine, wherein a steel wire shaft (7), an upright rod (12), a switch top block (13), a main button (2), a lifting plate (8) and an inching switch (6) are arranged at the left of a motor component (5), a draw plate (10) and a sub button (4) are arranged at the right of the motor component (5), two ends of the steel wire shaft (7) are respectively connected with the right end of the main button (2) and the left end of the lifting plate (8), a rigid metal rod (9) is connected between the right end of the lifting plate (8) and the upper end of the draw plate (10), the lower ends of the draw plate (10) and the sub button (3) are hinged with a shell (11), the lifting plate (8) is sliding sheathed on the upright rod (12) sheathed by the switch top block (13), and the inching switch (6) is above the switch top block (13). The invention has the advantages that the invention can turn on and off motor with small force and can prevent thermal deformation of driving ...

material for storing heat and supplying heat for building generated shaped phase change by heating and its preparation method

Paste resin with high thermostability and preparation method thereof

The invention discloses a method for preparing paste resin with high thermostability. The technical key point is that: a certain amount of buffer solution or thermal stabilizer, and a certain amount of vinyl chloride monomer, emulsifier, fatty alcohol, oil soluble compound initiating agent and pure water are added into a micro suspension polymerization system for polymerization, and the generated polymer latex is subjected to spray drying to form the polrvinyl chloride paste resin with high thermostability; or the buffer solution or thermal stabilizer is directly added into the polymerized latex which is forcibly recovered, and then the latex is uniformly stirred and subjected to spray drying to form the polrvinyl chloride paste resin with high thermostability. The paste resin has the characteristics of high thermo decomposing temperature, stable paste viscosity, small change with time and the like.

Front and back dual card storage chambers and single card outlet type card sender

The invention relates to a novel card sender which is mainly used for a new technology which can realize that one card sender can send cards of two different types (thickness or materials) and perform ultra high-capacity card sending operation through combining with an electronic technology. The dual card storage chambers and single card outlet type card sender of the invention, which is changed from dual card outlet channels to the signal card outlet, comprises left and right plates, a card holding box, a card loading plate, a mounting buckle plate, guide bars, upper and lower card outlet wheel/guide wheel assemblies, a card delivering wheel assembly, an electromagnetic relay assembly, a synchronous belt/wheel, a tensioning wheel assembly, direct current motors, a card thickness adjusting assembly, an underfill sensor assembly, an emptiness sensor assembly, a card position sensor assembly, a recovery chamber fullness/emptiness sensor assembly, a master control board assembly and the like ...

Communication system and method using signal to noise ratio estimation for scaling in processing received wireless communication signals

Real-time fault early warning method and system of oil well

The embodiment of the invention provides a real-time fault early warning method and system for an oil well. The method comprises the following steps of: obtaining a load and a displacement of an oil pumping rod; obtaining a polish rod indicator diagram according to variation rules of the load and the displacement of the oil pumping rod and time, and transforming the polish rod indicator diagram into a pump power diagram; pre-processing data points of the pump power diagram by adopting a polygonous approximation method, and filtering the data points which have little influence on the geometrical characteristics of the pump power diagram; carrying out normalized operation on the pump power diagram after being processed by the polygonous approximation method, establishing a vector chain of the pump power diagram, and comparing the vector chain with the vector chain in a standard fault vector chain warehouse; obtaining a judgment result on a working condition of the oil well according to a ...

Ainsliaea fragrans Champ total flavone extract and extraction method and use thereof

The invention belongs to the pharmaceutical technology field and provides an extract of total flavonoids of frangrant ainsliaea herb, an extraction method thereof and a use. The extract adopts the frangrant ainsliaea herb as a raw material, ethanol which is prepared by weak alkaline solutions with the different pH values is taken as an extraction solvent, the reflux extraction is adopted, the impurities are removed by the petroleum ether extraction, the separation and the enrichment are finally carried by macroporous resin, and the purity of the components of the obtained total flavonoids is 50-95 percent. The invention has simple process, convenient and safe operation and good repeatability and can be used for the industrial production. The invention further provides an application of the components of the total flavonoids or a preparation which is prepared by the total flavonoids and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier in the prepration of drugs for treating acute and chronic cervicitis ...

Data security method and electronic device using same

The invention discloses a data security method, which is used for an electronic device. The data security method comprises the following steps of: (a) generating a first password and a second password; (b) endowing the electronic device with an electronic device serial number; (c) generating a first key according to the first password and the electronic device serial number; (d) generating a second key according to the second password and the electronic device serial number, and encrypting at least a part of data of the electronic device by utilizing the second key to generate encrypted data; and (e) when the electronic device is run, decrypting the first key by using the first password to generate recovered data, and when electronic device serial number information in the recovered data corresponds to the electronic device serial number, decrypting the encrypted data according to the second key.

Method and apparatus for encoding channel quality indicator and precoding control information bits

SIMPLE SMART-ANTENNA METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MUD-ENABLED CELLULAR NETWORKS

Liquid crystal polymers for flexible circuits

Method and apparatus for encoding channel quality indicator and precoding control information bits

Solar heating phase change energy storage elevated movable floor

The solar heating phase change energy storing elevated movable floor includes metal support, metal floor board casing on the support and decorating material layer covering the metal floor board casing, and inside the metal floor board casing, is filled cement mortar with homogeneously distributed shaped phase change material grains, which accounts for 30-50 wt% of total mixture and has the phase change temperature in 15-30 deg.c. Compared with available technology, the present invention can make best use of solar energy to reduce root temperature fluctuation and save heating cost. In addition, adding the shaped phase change material into cement mortar to produce mixture material can raise the strength of the movable floor board, increase the heat transfer coefficient. The present invention has strong heat storage capacity, light weight, great load bearing capacity and has no environmental pollution, and is movable.

Silent alarm clock

The invention discloses a silent alarm clock. A vibrator is arranged under a clock body, a wrist strap is arranged on the clock body, the clock body is a quartz watch movement or an electronic watch movement, a battery is equipped for providing power supply to the vibrator, and the clock body is equipped with an integrated circuit module, which can set clock time and control the vibrator to vibrate according to the set time, therefore, the function of the silent timing clock can be realized.

On-line detection method as well as mail server

The embodiment of the invention discloses an on-line detection method and a mail server for on-line detection. The method includes that: if the mail server will not have interactive data with a terminal in a predetermined time, the mail server transmits a keep-alive packet to the terminal; the mail server receives a keep-alive response from the terminal, and the keep-alive response is used to indicate whether the terminal is on-line; if the keep-alive response indicates that the terminal is on-line, the mail server will have interactive data with the terminal. The mail server adopts a keep-alive mechanism of the transport layer, if the mail server will not have interactive data with a terminal in a predetermined time, the keep-alive detection is carried out in the transport layer, thereby avoid the extending on the application layer protocol and effectively reducing the electric quantity consumption and the band-width occupation of terminals.

Method for preparing nimodipine dispersible tablet with high dissolution

Titanium alloy with thin sheet layer microstructure and manufacturing method thereof

The invention provides a titanium alloy with a thin sheet layer microstructure and a manufacturing method thereof. The titanium alloy is characterized in that: 1) a certain amount of Si element is added into the alloy so that Ti5Si3 or Ti2Si type silicide can be dissolved out from the alloy under a certain condition; 2) controlling the adding amount of alloying elements, namely Zr, Sn and beta stable elements, which affect the dissolving temperature of the silicide so as to guarantee that the alpha + beta/beta transformation temperature of the titanium alloy is lower than the dissolving temperature of the silicide; 3) fully deforming the alloy at the temperature of below the dissolving temperature of the silicide, and finally properly deforming the alloy in the alpha + beta phase area over 1 to 2 fire, wherein the primary beta crystallite dimension of the alloy after thermal treatment is less than 200 mu m and the alloy has a thin sheet lamellar structure. The invention also provides a ...

Application of magnesium alloy in producing shapes for door, window and other component

The present invention belongs to decorative technology of door and window. The alloy door and window is assembled with all kinds of alloy sections and in which the magnesium alloy is a multiple-metalmixture with Mg as main component, accounting for at least 89%, as well as Al, Mn, Zn and other components. Compared with available door and window of aluminium alloy and plastic steel, the door and window of the magnesium alloy is high in strength, light, anticorrosive, long in service life, low in cost and practical.

methods implemented in a transmission/receiving unit in a wireless manner and device, and, device

All-glass optical atom-chamber with a vacuum higher than 1×10-8 Pa and manufacturing method thereof

An all-glass optical atom-chamber with a vacuum higher than 1×10−8 Pa and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The all-glass optical atom-chamber includes an optical vacuum chamber, at least one conduit, optical window sheets, at least one vacuum adapter, and pressing sheets. The optical vacuum chamber is a polyhedron with a plane of any shape; the plane of the polyhedron is provided with an optical window therein. Holes of the optical windows extending into the polyhedron form a same inner chamber. Each of the optical window sheets is fixed on respective optical windows. One end of each of the at least one conduit is fixedly connected to the optical vacuum chamber. The other end of the at least one conduit is connected to one end of the at least one vacuum adapter in one-to-one correspondence through a respective pressing sheet of the pressing sheets.

Scorpion medicament for curing psoriasis and its producing method

A Chinese medicine in the form of ointment for treating psoriasis is prepared through proportioning scorpion and croton seed, pulverizing, proportionally mixing with plant oil, laying aside at 30-37 deg.C for 7 days, fusing mineral grease in hot water bath, and proportionally mixing them together. Its advantage is high curative effect (97% of effective rate).

Immunopotentiator for large yellow croaker juvenile

The invention disclose an immunopotentiator for large yellow croaker juvenile, which is prepared by uniformly mixing the raw materials including fructooligosccharide, galactooligosaccharides, mannan oligosaccharides and yeast extract; only 0.1 to 0.2% of the addition amount of the immunopotentiator in feed can prominently enhance the immunity and the disease resistance of the large yellow croaker juvenile so as to raise the survival rate of large yellow croaker fry in a full culture period, the survival rate can be raised by over 12% and the immunoprotection rate can reach over 30%; and the immunopotentiator is free from toxic and side effects, residue and drug resistance, and also, has no adverse impact on feed palatability. Thus the immunopotentiator for the large yellow croaker juvenile is small in addition amount, can prominently enhance the immunity and the disease resistance of the large yellow croaker juvenile, and can raise the culture survival rate by over 12% and reach the immunoprotection ...

Method for detecting liquid opening distance of single crystal furnace

The invention provides a single crystal furnace liquid opening distance detection method, and relates to the technical field of single crystal silicon preparation, a binocular camera is installed on a single crystal furnace cover, the in-furnace liquid opening distance H is made to be a target liquid opening distance according to a method for determining the in-furnace liquid opening distance, then from seeding, inverted images at the same position are continuously shot through the binocular camera at the same time, and the single crystal furnace liquid opening distance H is obtained. The shot inverted images are respectively imaged on the image plane of the binocular camera, the image shot each time is calculated to obtain the position difference delta H between the actual liquid opening distance H1 and the target liquid opening distance H, delta H = H1-H, when the delta H is detected to be not equal to 0, the crucible lifting speed V1 is intervened and adjusted, so that delta H is equal ...

An energy-saving home circuit

The invention discloses a power saving household circuit which is characterized in that the invention comprises a zero line, three live wires, a load for long use, and a load for short use. Every live wire is provided with a master control switch. The load for long use is connected in parallel between the live wire and the zero line. The load for short use is connected in parallel between the two live wires and the zero line through a three point selection switch, wherein, the static contact point of the three point selection switch is connected with the load for short use, and two movable contact points are respectively connected with other two live wires. The household circuit can provide power for electrical apparatuses, thereby the invention can conveniently control the opening and the closing of the electrical apparatuses categorizedly for achieving the effect of power conservation to the maximum extent.

An intelligent mobile phone based on dual-CPU architecture and communication control method

The invention relates to a smart mobile phone with a structure of double CPU, wherein AP and CP are under dormancy status in most case during standby state, and a communication controlling method. When only AP is operated by user, CP could still stay in dormancy, when CP needs to be operated by user, AP would actively wake CP up, make sure CP is ready for receiving data through a hand-shake process, then transmit data; when CP has URC for uploading, it would wake AP up, make sure AP is ready through a hand-shake process, complete transmission of data; when accidental restart of CP occurs during working process, firstly wake AP up, and generate a 100ms interrupt of negative edge at ION pin to inform AP initialize CP once again to enter MUX mode. Hand-shake processes for waking up abide by 3GPP GSM07.10 electricity saving control protocol, and are all completed in control channel DLC0. The invention realizes stabilized communication between the two, and control energy consumption of mobile ...

Method for capturing node information in BitTorrent network

The invention discloses a method for capturing node information in a BitTorrent (BT for short) network by utilizing a distributed simulation technology. The method is characterized by realizing a BitTorrent simulation system by combining the distributed simulation technology. A BT simulation client end compatible with a true Tracker server and a BT network client end can be realized by utilizing the simulation system, thereby realizing the functions of downloading and uploading data from a true BT network. Thus, various kinds of information of the nodes in the BT network can be counted, such as the IP (Internet Protocol) and port information of a BT client end, the on-line time of the client end and the like. The information not only provides an effective basis for deeply researching the characteristics of a BitTorrent protocol and the BT network, but also has a certain guiding action for other application methods based on the BitTorrent protocol.

Low-cost and high-performance ultraviolet light conversion transparent backboard and preparation method thereof

The invention relates to the technical field of back plates, in particular to a low-cost and high-performance ultraviolet light conversion transparent back plate and a preparation method thereof. Comprising the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of matrix resin I, 30-50 parts of matrix resin II, 5-20 parts of a curing agent, 0-8 parts of a curing accelerator, 2-10 parts of a light conversion aid and 50-300 parts of a solvent. Through the addition of the light conversion auxiliary agent, ultraviolet light irradiated or reflected to the photovoltaic backboard can be effectively converted into infrared light or blue light, and the infrared light or blue light enters a response wave band of a battery piece, so that the utilization rate of sunlight is improved, the generating capacity is increased, and the cost per kilowatt hour is reduced. And meanwhile, the aging effect of ultraviolet light on the back plate is reduced to the minimum, and'harm 'is really changed into'favor' ...

Method and system for all digital gain control analog-to-digital conversion

Novel fabric display

The invention relates to a novel fabric display, which comprises fabric, a guide line circuit and light emitting diode (LED) luminous elements; the guide line circuit consists of guide lines with external insulating layers; the guide lines with the external insulating layers are arranged in a warp direction and a weft direction of the fabric to form warp guide lines and weft guide lines; the warp guide lines and the weft guide lines are jointly interwoven with warp yarns and weft yarns of fabric to make the guide line circuit embedded in the fabric; the LED luminous elements are distributed on the surface of the fabric; one pin of each LED luminous element is connected with the warp guide lines; and the other pin of the LED luminous element is connected with the weft guide lines. The novel fabric display can display dynamic patterns, realize the expression of related information, and has reliable electric insulativity and favorable flexibility.

Manufacturing method of lightweight refractory titanium-aluminium based alloy exhaust gates

Method for preparing porous titanium and titanium alloy block materials

The invention relates to the field of porous material preparation, in particular to a method for preparing porous titanium and titanium alloy block materials, which comprises: firstly, preparing pure titanium or titanium alloy powder by 'electrode induction melting and gas atomization process'; secondly, forming a uniform mixture of the titanium or titanium alloy powder and a pore-forming agent by a cold rolling process; and finally, sintering the formed powder blocks at 1,000 to 1,400 DEG C to obtain a large-sized porous titanium or titanium alloy material of which the aperture is 10 to 500 mu m and of which the porosity is 10 to 50 percent. The method uses the conventional rolling equipment and powder sintering equipment and simple process and is low in cost and applicable to industrial scale production. In the invention, the porosity and aperture of the porous material are adjusted by controlling the particle sizes of titanium or titanium alloy powder and the pore-forming agent and the ...

High performance wireless receiver with cluster mu

Wireless communication method and apparatus for generating a serving grant based on a received relative grant

A wireless communication method and apparatus for generating a scheduling grant based on a relative grant are disclosed. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) receives an absolute grant from a serving radio link set (RLS) and receives a relative grant from the serving RLS and at least one non-serving radio link (RL). The WTRU decodes enhanced dedicated channel (E-DCH) absolute grant channel (E-AGCH)E-AGCH signals to detect an absolute grant, and decodes E-DCH relative grant channel (E-RGCH)E-RGCH signals to detect at least one relative grant. The WTRU then calculates a serving grant based onthe detected absolute grant and/or the relative grant(s). The relative grant may be detected by performing a hypothesis test on the E-RGCH signals. A multiple alternative hypothesis test is performedfor detecting the E-RGCH signals from the serving RLS and a binary hypothesis test is performed for detecting the E-RGCH signals from the at least one non-serving RL. A reliability test may be further performed ...

Collapsible box-type clothes hanger

The utility model relates to a collapsible box-type clothes hanger, belonging to the field of a clothes hanger, and comprising two symmetrical box-shaped housings, a clothes hanging transverse rod arranged in a box and supporting legs arranged on the wall of the box. The two symmetrical box-shaped housings can be separated, the clothes hanging transverse rod and the supporting legs are collapsible, the clothes hanging transverse rod is a telescopic rod, both ends of the clothes hanging transverse rod are respectively fixed on the two box-shaped housings, and the supporting legs can be folded in the housings. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient use, time saving, labor saving and more functions-the collapsible box-type clothes hanger can show clothes as well as store the clothes.

柔性电路用液晶聚合物

... 一种提供金属接种的液晶聚合物的方法，它包括以下步骤：提供液晶聚合物基底，施加包含碱金属氢氧化物和增溶剂的水溶液来腐蚀液晶聚合物基底，并通过金属化学镀或金属的真空沉积使粘合金属层沉积在经腐蚀的液晶聚合物基底上。在使用金属化学镀时，将锡(II)溶液施加在液晶聚合物基底上，接着施加钯(II)溶液，提供金属接种的液晶聚合物。包含35-55重量％碱金属盐和10-35重量％增溶剂的水溶液提供了一种在50-120℃下腐蚀所述液晶聚合物的腐蚀剂。包含具有通孔和相应形状的空隙的液晶聚合物膜的柔性电路，可使用上述腐蚀剂组合物来形成。 ...

Receiver and wireless transmit receive unit

Sun-rain umbrella seat of electric bicycle or motorcycle

The invention relates to a sun-rain umbrella seat of an electric bicycle or a motorcycle, which comprises a metal pipe-shaped support rod (2), wherein the middle part of the support rod (2) is provided with a horizontal connecting body I (22) fixed with a vertical rod in the front of a vehicle frame; the bottom of the support rod (2) is provided with a horizontal connecting body II (23) fixed with the bottom end of the vertical rod in the front of the vehicle frame; and the top end of the support rod (2) is provided with a rod handle (3) for fixing an umbrella and a displacement mechanism capable of leading the rod handle to downwards rotate in the direction basically perpendicular to a front axis and a rear axis of a vehicle body. In the invention, because the rod handle can horizontally rotate downwards and the height of the umbrella is lowered, when the sun-rain umbrella is not needed, the folded sun-rain umbrella can be downwards bent by 180 DEG to be parallel to the support rod, the ...

Flight attitude determining method based on polarized light sensor

The invention discloses a flight attitude determining method based on a polarized light sensor. According to the invention, adopted equipment comprises a three-axis gyroscope, a three-axis accelerometer, the polarized light sensor, a GPS and a flight control computer. A complementary filter algorithm is used to fuse sensor data; pitch angle and rolling angle errors of the angular speed of the gyroscope are revised through measured data of the accelerometer; and an course angle error of the angular speed of the gyroscope is revised through measured data of the polarized light sensor, so that the attitude measurement precision of an aircraft is improved. Compared with a traditional flight attitude reference system, the flight attitude determining method has the advantages that the flight attitude determining method is not interfered by electromagnetism, the measurement precision of static and dynamic environments is high and the like.

Dry-type phase-change thermal storage floor heating terminal device

The invention provides a phase-changing heat accumulation floor heating terminal device pertaining to building heating technique field. The invention employs phase-changing material as heat storage medium for heating. The device, from above to below, includes a floor decoration layer, a phase-changing material layer, an air duct, a radiation protection film, a thermal insulation layer and a floor base layer in turn; keels are arranged between the floor decoration layer and the floor base layer, at least a heat supply waterpipe or a electrical heating film are buried in the phase-changing material layer between adjacent keels; a wind gap is arranged at both ends of the air duct to communicate with indoor air. The phase-changing material supplies heat for indoor heating by heat conduction upwards and convection current, meanwhile heat supply of the phase-changing material is adjusted by air duct and indoor aeration speed, which further regulates and controls heat supply speed. The invention ...

Partially rigid flexible circuits and method of making same

The present invention relates to partially rigid flexible circuits having both rigid portions and flexible portions and methods for making the same.

Method and system for evaluating building fire situation and instructing evacuation

The invention provides a method and system for evaluating the building fire situations and instructing evacuation. The method comprises the following steps: monitoring the fire information in real time, and calculating the fire source position information, the fire source strength information and the fire developing situation information according to the fire information; estimating the position information of people in each area of the building, and estimating the density distribution of people in each area; and calculating the best evacuating directions and evacuating paths according to the fire source position information, the fire source strength information, the fire developing situation information, the density information and position information of people in each area of the building and the building structure information. The embodiment of the invention fully utilizes the modern technologies of sensing, communication, calculation, decision making and the like, provides a feasible ...

High performance wireless receiver with cluster mu

Adaptive equalizer with a dual-mode active taps mask generator and a pilot reference signal amplitude control unit

An adaptive equalizer including an equalizer filter and a tap coefficients generator used to process a sample data stream derived from a plurality of received signals is disclosed. The tap coefficients generator includes an equalizer tap update unit, a vector norm square estimator, an active taps mask generator, a switch and a pilot amplitude reference unit used to minimize the dynamic range of the equalizer filter. A dynamic mask vector is used to mask active taps generated by the equalizer tap update unit when an unmasked signal output by the equalizer filter is selected by the switch to generate an error signal fed to the equalizer tap update unit. A fixed mask vector is used to mask active taps generated by the equalizer tap update unit when a masked signal output by the equalizer filter is used to generate the error signal.

Wireless communication method and apparatus for decoding enhanced dedicated channel absolute grant channel transmissions

Method for designing ecological pollution reducing drainage channel

The invention relates to a method for designing an ecological pollution reducing drainage channel, which comprises the following steps: (a) digging a drainage channel according to the drainage and water-logging prevention standards or repairing the drainage channel with a trapezoidal cross section; (b) paving honeycombed concrete precast slabs with a plurality of holes on the two sides of the channel to keep the smooth drainage of farmlands and the stability of slopes; (c) planting a submerged plant in the holes of the honeycombed concrete precast slabs, wherein the submerged plant is eel grass, hornwort, waterweed, water milfoil, pondweed or ruppia maritima; (d) setting wide-top weir type water retaining dams in the ecological pollution reducing drainage channel at intervals of 200 to 500 meters, and setting a control gate at the top of the wide-top weir type water retaining dam; and (e) setting a scale for measuring water at one side of the wide-top weir type water retaining dam. The ...

Nut cap for monitoring heat production at wire joint in real time

This invention relates to a nut cap for monitoring the heat production at a wire joint in real time, comprising a shell, an indicator rod, a fixing bolt, carbon fiber filler, a permanent magnet, a heat-sensitive ferrite and a spring, wherein the indicator rod and the spring are arranged in the cavity of the shell; one end of the spring is connected with the permanent magnet; the shell is clamped at a wire joint by a clamping switch; the heat-sensitive ferrite is fixed at one side of the indicator rod close to the inner cavity wall; one end of the heat-sensitive ferrite is fixedly connected with the spring; and the lower part of the shell is provided with the fixing bolt and the carbon fiber filler. When in assembly, the nut cap is fixed on the bolt at the joint through the fixing bolt, and when in disassembly, the nut cap can be taken down through rotating the fixing bolt, therefore, the installation process is more convenient and fast, and the safety is higher.

Spectrum sensing device, method and program based on cognitive radio

The invention provides a spectrum sensing device and method based on cognitive radio and communication terminal equipment. The spectrum sensing device comprises a sampling unit, a recovery unit and a spectrum detection unit, wherein the sampling unit is configured to sample at a compression sensing-based sampling rate which is lower than a Nyquist rate specific to a signal which comes from a main user and is received by R antennae of at least one secondary user, wherein R is a natural number of more than 1; the recovery unit is configured to recover a sampled signal obtained by using the sampling unit into a sampled signal at the Nyquist rate; and the spectrum detection unit is configured to perform spectrum detection on a signal recovered by using the recovery unit to obtain the distribution situation of idle spectrums in usable spectrums of the main user. According to the spectrum sensing device and method based on cognitive radio and the communication terminal equipment disclosed by ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RESTRICTING RADIO ACCESS TO A SYSTEM

A first subscriber unit (SU) operating in a two-way radio frequency (RF) communications system having at least one fixed terminal, one or more channels, and a plurality of subscriber units, generates a first burst of data for transmission to the at least one fixed terminal. The first SU calculates a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) or checksum value over (i) at least a first portion of the first burst of data and (ii) at least a portion of a first private data. The first SU transmits the first burst of data and the calculated CRC/checksum value, but not the first private data, to the at least one fixed terminal. The fixed terminal then calculates its own CRC/checksum over the received burst and its own copy of the first private data, and compares the result with the received CRC/checksum. The fixed terminal authenticates the received burst if the values match. 1. In a two-way radio frequency (RF) communications system having at least one fixed terminal , one or more channels , and a plurality of subscriber units , the method comprising , at a first subscriber unit:generating a first burst of data for transmission to the at least one fixed terminal;calculating one of a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) value and a checksum value over (i) at least a first portion of the first burst of data and (ii) at least a portion of a first private data; andtransmitting the first burst of data and the one of the calculated CRC and checksum value, but not the first private data, to the at least one fixed terminal.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , at the first subscriber unit:receiving a second burst of data from the at least one fixed terminal with one of an appended CRC value and appended checksum value appended to the received first burst of data from the first subscriber unit;calculating one of a second CRC value and a second checksum value over both (i) at least a first portion of the second burst of data and (ii) at least a portion of a second private data ...

Substituted Tetrahydropyrazolo-Pyrido-Azepine Compounds

The present invention relates to substituted tetrahydropyrazolo-pyrido-azepine compounds and methods of synthesizing these compounds. The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing substituted tetrahydropyrazolo-pyrido-azepine compounds and methods of treating cell proliferative disorders, such as cancer, by administering these compounds and pharmaceutical compositions to subjects in need thereof. 6. The method of any one of claims 1 , wherein said cell proliferative disorder is a precancerous condition claims 1 , a hematologic tumor or malignancy claims 1 , a solid tumor claims 1 , or a cancer.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein said cancer is a metastatic cancer.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein said subject is a human.9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a second anti-proliferative agent.10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising administering a radiation therapy. This application is a divisional application of U.S. Ser. No. 12/751,383, filed on Mar. 31, 2010, allowed, which claims priority to U.S. Ser. No. 61/165,044, filed on Mar. 31, 2009, the contents of each of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States, exceeded only by heart disease. (2004, American Cancer Society, Inc.). Despite recent advances in cancer diagnosis and treatment, surgery and radiotherapy may be curative if a cancer is found early, but current drug therapies for metastatic disease are mostly palliative and seldom offer a long-term cure. Even with new chemotherapies entering the market, the need continues for new drugs effective in monotherapy or in combination with existing agents as first line therapy, and as second and third line therapies in treatment of resistant tumors.Cancer cells are by definition heterogeneous. For example, within a single tissue or cell type, multiple mutational “mechanisms” may lead to the ...

Fire Situation Awareness And Evacuation Support

A building fire situation awareness and evacuation support system includes a plurality of fire monitoring devices for monitoring development of a fire; a plurality of occupant monitoring devices for monitoring occupant distribution in different zones of the building; and a computation device in communication with the fire monitoring devices and occupant monitoring devices, the computation device estimating fire source location and a fire development trend in response to the fire monitoring devices and estimating occupant distributions in different zones of the building in response to the plurality of occupant monitoring devices; the computation device generating an evacuation strategy for occupants in response to the fire monitoring devices, occupant monitoring devices, estimated fire source location, estimated fire development trends, estimated occupant distributions and building structure information; wherein the evacuation strategy includes evacuation routes or evacuation directions. 1. A building fire situation awareness and evacuation support system comprising:a plurality of fire monitoring devices for monitoring development of a fire;a plurality of occupant monitoring devices for monitoring occupant distribution in different zones of the building; anda computation device in communication with the fire monitoring devices and occupant monitoring devices, the computation device estimating fire source location and a fire development trend in response to the fire monitoring devices and estimating occupant distributions in different zones of the building in response to the plurality of occupant monitoring devices;the computation device generating an evacuation strategy for occupants in response to the fire monitoring devices, occupant monitoring devices, estimated fire source location, estimated fire development trend, estimated occupant distributions and building structure information;wherein the evacuation strategy includes evacuation routes or evacuation ...

APPARATUS FOR IMPROVING TRANSMISSION BANDWIDTH

An apparatus for improving transmission bandwidth is provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, which includes: a signal transmission line, side grounds located at two sides of the signal transmission line, and a capacitor disposed between the signal transmission line and the side grounds. The signal transmission line comprises a microstrip line, and the signal transmission line and the side grounds form a coplanar waveguide transmission line together. On a transmission channel connected through a bonding wire, a capacitor is disposed between a signal transmission line and side grounds. An inductor-capacitor (LC) resonance circuit is formed by using inductance characteristics presented by the bonding wire and the capacitor connected in parallel with the bonding wire, and a resonance point is formed within a frequency band in a frequency domain. 1. An apparatus , comprising: a signal transmission line , side grounds located at two sides of the signal transmission line , and a capacitor disposed between the signal transmission line and the side grounds , wherein the signal transmission line comprises a microstrip line , and the signal transmission line and the side grounds form a coplanar waveguide transmission line together.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the signal transmission line and the side grounds are disposed on a substrate claim 1 , and the substrate and a pad of a package are connected through a bonding wire.3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the signal transmission line and the side grounds are disposed on a pad inside a package claim 1 , and the pad inside the package and a substrate are connected through a bonding wire.4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the signal transmission line claim 1 , the side grounds and the capacitor are disposed on a substrate claim 1 , the signal transmission line claim 1 , the side grounds and the capacitor are also disposed on a package claim 1 , and the substrate and the ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CODE REUSE AND CAPACITY ENHANCEMENT USING NULL STEERING

The number of users and data capacity of wireless systems are increased by employing apparatus and method for increasing the number of spreading codes available in the system by providing a mechanism to reuse the already allocated spreading code or use the codes that may correlate to those already being used within the same sector/cell. This, in return, provides capacity improvement proportional to the number of added base station (BS) antennas for each cell. An antenna null steering technique for code allocation maintains the cross correlation properties of the codes only for the desired user and to obtain a gain in capacity improvement. 1first and second data sources each having data intended for a different one of said mobile units;first and second units for respectively spreading data from said first and second data sources, each employing a spreading code for spreading their associated input data;first and second groups of weighting values respectively associated with said first and second data sources, each group of weighting values being respectively supplied to inputs of first and second groups of circuits, each of said first and second groups of circuits respectively receiving an output of said first and second units, for multiplying each received output responsive to an associated weighting value input;an antenna array comprising a given number of antennas which greater than a number of data sources; anda third group of circuits each combining an output of one of said circuits in said first group with an associated one of said circuits of said second group and delivering an output of each circuit of said third group to an associated one of said antennas in said array, said antennas being arranged to limit the mobile units to receipt of data from only one of said data sources.. Apparatus for wireless communication with at least two mobile units using a null beam steering technique, comprising: This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application ...

Method And Apparatus For Encoding Channel Quality Indicator And Precoding Control Information Bits

A method and apparatus for encoding channel quality indicator (CQI) and precoding control information (PCI) bits are disclosed. Each of the input bits, such as CQI bits and/or PCI bits, has a particular significance. The input bits are encoded with a linear block coding. The input bits are provided with an unequal error protection based on the significance of each input bit. The input bits may be duplicated based on the significance of each input bit and equal protection coding may be performed. A generator matrix for the encoding may be generated by elementary operation of conventional basis sequences to provide more protection to a most significant bit (MSB). 1. A method comprising:determining a quantized amplitude ratio based on whether multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) mode is configured and based on a channel quality indicator (CQI) type when MIMO mode is configured;deriving a gain factor based on the quantized amplitude ratio; andweighing a real-valued spread value using the gain factor.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the quantized amplitude ratio is translated from a variable claim 1 , and the value of the variable for CQI of type A is greater than the value of the variable for CQI of type B.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the quantized amplitude ratio is translated from a variable claim 1 , and the variable equals a signaled value ΔCQI signaled by a higher layer when MIMO mode is not configured.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the real-valued spread value comprises CQI bits claim 1 , the quantized amplitude ratio is translated from a variable claim 1 , and the variable equals a signaled value ΔCQI plus one when MIMO mode is configured and the CQI bits are of type A.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the signaled value ΔCQI is signaled by a higher layer.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the real-valued spread value comprises CQI bits claim 1 , the quantized amplitude ratio is translated from a variable claim 1 , and the variable equals a signaled ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR A TWO-WAY RELAYING SCHEME WITH PHYSICAL LAYER NETWORK CODING

A two-way relay wireless communication method and device may combine multiple bit steams, for one source node and two target nodes, and broadcasting a network coded combined bit sequence to reduce the number of time slots for transmission. A first device may receive a signal from the source node and a target node simultaneously in a time slot. The first device may receive subsequent signals from the source node and multiple target nodes simultaneously in successive time slots. Hierarchical modulation may be applied to the received signals. The first device may decode the received signals and generate a plurality of intermediate bit sequences (IBS)s for a broadcast transmission. The generated IBSs may be grouped according to a channel condition. A second device may be configured to receive the broadcast transmission and decode a portion of the broadcast transmission that is intended for the second device. 1. A wireless communication method for relay transmission , the method comprising:receiving, in a first time slot, a first signal from a base station (BS) and a second signal from a first wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU);receiving, in a second time slot, a third signal from the BS and a fourth signal from a second WTRU;decoding the received signals;generating a plurality of intermediate bit sequences (IBS)s, wherein the plurality of IBSs are generated based on a combination of bits from the second and fourth received signals, and wherein the plurality of IBSs are generated by substituting a plurality of decoded bits in the received signals with a plurality of predetermined bits;arranging the bits of each of the plurality of IBSs into a plurality of symbols, wherein each of the plurality of symbols comprises one bit from each of the plurality of IBSs; andbroadcasting the plurality of symbols in a third time slot.2. The method of further comprising:receiving, in an N time slot, an Nth signal from an Nth WTRU, wherein N is greater than two; andbroadcasting the ...

MOBILE TERMINAL AND METHOD FOR SERVICE PROCESSING THEREOF

A mobile terminal and a method for service processing thereof are provided in the present invention. The mobile terminal includes a determining module for determining whether the first service needs to be opened and obtaining a determining result; a register information collecting module for collecting the first register information used for opening the first service when said determining result indicates that the first service needs to be opened; a first transmission module for transmitting a first register request comprising first register information to the first server by using a communication module to request for opening the first service; a first receiving module for receiving the service setting information by using the communication module; and a setting module for setting the first service module according to the service setting information. 1. A mobile terminal , comprising:a communicating module;a determining module for determining whether it is necessary to apply for a provisioning of a first service, to obtain a determination result;a register information collecting module for collecting first register information used for the provisioning of the first service when the determination result indicates that it is necessary to apply for the provisioning of the first service, wherein the first register information comprises an ID for identifying the mobile terminal uniquely;a first transmitting module for transmitting a first register request comprising the first register information to a first server by using the communicating module, wherein the first register request is used to apply for the provisioning of the first service;a first receiving module for receiving service setting information by using the communicating module, wherein the service setting information is returned by the first server after the first server provisions the first service according to the first register request; anda setting module for setting a first service module according to ...

Wire fixing structure and liquid crystal display device using the same

A wire fixing structure and a liquid crystal display device using the same, wherein the wire fixing structure comprises a base and a clamping portion extended from the base, a wire fixing ring is formed by an enclosure of the clamping portion and the base for a wire to be inserted into. Thereby, the wire can be fixed in the liquid crystal display device conveniently and securely by the present technology.

Liquid crystal module and liquid crystal display device including the same

A liquid crystal module and a liquid crystal display device including the liquid crystal module. The liquid crystal module comprises a liquid crystal panel, a backlight module and a back plate for assembling the liquid crystal panel and the backlight module together. The back plate includes a bottom wall and lateral walls extended upward from edges of the bottom wall, a cavity with a top opened end is formed and surrounded by the bottom wall and the lateral walls. The backlight module is accommodated inside the cavity. Further includes an elastic rubber frame for assembling the liquid crystal panel and the backlight module together. The rubber frame is installed on the lateral wall of the back plate and is disposed at the top opened end of the cavity. The liquid crystal panel is installed on the rubber frame and seal off the top opened end of the cavity.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ENHANCING CELL-EDGE USER PERFORMANCE AND SIGNALING RADIO LINK FAILURE CONDITIONS VIA DOWNLINK COOPERATIVE COMPONENT CARRIERS

A wireless communication network and method are described for enhancing cell-edge performance of a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU). The WTRU may establish a connection with a plurality of sites via respective downlinks (DLs). Each DL may include at least one DL component carrier (CC) that operates on a frequency that is the same or different than one or more of the other CCs. The sites may manipulate their transmit power for a particular CC operating frequency such that the distance from a particular one of the sites to its cell boundary may become larger by increasing its transmit power on the particular frequency, and the distance from at least one of the other sites to its respective cell boundary may become smaller by decreasing its transmit power on the particular frequency. Thus, a coverage overlap between different CC frequencies may be created while maintaining a frequency reuse pattern of one. 1. A method of enhancing cell-edge performance of a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) , the method comprising:the WTRU establishing a connection with a plurality of sites via respective downlinks (DLs), each DL including at least one DL component carrier (CC) that operates on a frequency that is the same or different than one or more of the other DL CCs; andthe sites manipulating their transmit power for a particular DL CC operating frequency, wherein the distance from a particular one of the sites to its cell boundary becomes larger by increasing its transmit power on the particular DL CC operating frequency, and the distance from at least one of the other sites to its respective cell boundary becomes smaller by decreasing its transmit power on the particular DL CC operating frequency.2. The method of wherein a coverage overlap between different CC frequencies is created while maintaining a frequency reuse pattern of one.3. The method of further comprising:the WTRU establishing additional connections with the sites via respective uplinks (ULs), each UL ...

Method And Apparatus For Encoding Channel Quality Indicator And Precoding Control Information Bits

A method and apparatus for encoding channel quality indicator (CQI) and precoding control information (PCI) bits are disclosed. Each of the input bits, such as CQI bits and/or PCI bits, has a particular significance. The input bits are encoded with a linear block coding. The input bits are provided with an unequal error protection based on the significance of each input bit. The input bits may be duplicated based on the significance of each input bit and equal protection coding may be performed. A generator matrix for the encoding may be generated by elementary operation of conventional basis sequences to provide more protection to a most significant bit (MSB).

Composite Diode, Electronic Device, and Methods of Making the Same

A composite diode () includes a first conductive sheet, () a second conductive sheet, () and a nonlinear polymer composite material () sandwiched therebetween. The nonlinear polymer composite material comprises nonlinear inorganic particles () retained in a polymeric binder material (). Methods of making the composite diode, and electronic devices including them, are also disclosed. 114-. (canceled)15. A composite diode comprising:a first conductive sheet,a second conductive sheet,a layer of nonlinear polymer composite material sandwiched between the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet, wherein the layer of nonlinear polymer composite material is substantially coextensive with respect to length and width of the first and second conductive sheets, and wherein the nonlinear polymer composite material comprises nonlinear inorganic particles retained in a polymeric binder material, wherein the nonlinear inorganic particles comprise calcined calcium copper titanate particles.16. The composite diode of claim 15 , wherein the nonlinear polymer composite material comprises an at least partially cured epoxy resin.17. The composite diode of claim 15 , wherein the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet comprise metal foils.18. An electronic device comprising the composite diode of .19. An electronic device comprising a composite diode embedded in a printed circuit board claim 15 , wherein the composite diode comprises a first conductive sheet claim 15 ,a second conductive sheet,a layer of nonlinear polymer composite material sandwiched between the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet, and wherein the nonlinear polymer composite material comprises nonlinear inorganic particles retained in a polymeric binder material, wherein the nonlinear inorganic particles comprise calcined calcium copper titanate particles.20. The electronic device of claim 19 , wherein the nonlinear polymer composite material comprises an at least ...

CHANNEL ACCESS SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR COGNITIVE RELAYING FOR CELLULAR SYSTEMS

Embodiments contemplate channel access systems and methods for cognitive relaying in unlicensed and lightly licensed bands. Embodiments contemplate managing nodes of a wireless network operating in an unlicensed and or lightly licensed band. One or more embodiments may include sensing an idle channel in the unlicensed and/or lightly licensed band. Further, embodiments contemplate using the idle channel for wireless communication. 120-. (canceled)21. A first device , comprising: determine a respective plurality of access opportunities for a respective plurality of second devices, the respective access opportunities providing the respective plurality of second devices with coordinated access to a first channel in a first frequency band; and', 'initiate the transmission of the respective plurality of access opportunities to the respective plurality of second devices via a second channel in a second band., 'a processor configured, at least in part, to22. The first device of claim 21 , wherein the first frequency band is at least one of an unlicensed band or a lightly-licensed band claim 21 , and the second frequency band is a licensed band.23. The first device of claim 21 , wherein the first device is a cognitive relay node.24. The first device of claim 21 , wherein the respective plurality of second devices are a respective plurality of wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs).25. The first device of claim 24 , wherein the coordinated access to the first channel in the first frequency band provides for non-overlapping-in-time access of the respective plurality of WTRUs to the first channel in the first frequency band.26. A method claim 24 , comprising:determining, by a device, a respective plurality of access opportunities for a respective plurality of wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs), the respective access opportunities providing the respective plurality of WTRUs with coordinated access to a first channel in a first frequency band; andtransmitting, by the device ...

Method for Collecting Patient's Physical Sign Data and Mobile Nusing System

A method for collecting a patient's physical sign data, the method comprising providing a mobile nursing system comprising a human-machine interface, collecting the physical sign data by operating the mobile nursing system, generating optional icons representing each of the patient's physical signs in the human-machine interface when a user triggers a command to collect the physical sign data via the human-machine interface, such that the user can select a physical sign of the physical signs to be recorded, and generating an arc value slider providing a corresponding value range for the selected physical sign in the human-machine interface when the user has selected the selected physical sign of the physical signs to be recorded, such that the user can select an observed value from the corresponding value range for the selected physical sign via the arc value slider after observing the selected physical sign. 1. A method for collecting a patient's physical sign data , the method comprising:providing a mobile nursing system comprising a human-machine interface;collecting the physical sign data by operating the mobile nursing system;generating optional icons representing each of the patient's physical signs in the human-machine interface when a user triggers a command to collect the physical sign data via the human-machine interface, such that the user can select a physical sign of the physical signs to be recorded; andgenerating an arc value slider providing a corresponding value range for the selected physical sign in the human-machine interface when the user has selected the selected physical sign of the physical signs to be recorded, such that the user can select an observed value from the corresponding value range for the selected physical sign via the arc value slider after observing the selected physical sign.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the arc value slider comprises a first arc value slider and a second arc value slider claim 1 , wherein the ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MINIMIZING INTERFERENCE AT A MOBILE STATION USING A SHARED NODE

A method and apparatus are described for minimizing inter-cell interference at multiple wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) using a shared node (SN). Each WTRU may be configured to receive a desired signal transmitted by a base station in a cell combined with interfering signals transmitted by other base stations in other cells in a first transmission time interval (TTI), and a precoded signal transmitted by the SN in a second TTI. The WTRUs may buffer the desired and interfering mixed signals received in the first TTI, and then combine the buffered signals with the precoded signal received in the second TTI to minimize the interfering signal's power and maximize the desired signal's power at each WTRU so that the desired signal may be decoded with higher probability. The SN may generate the precoded signal based on codewords or codeword components transmitted by the base stations in the same resource blocks. 1. A method of a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) minimizing interference , the method comprising:receiving a desired signal from a first base station and an interfering signal from a second base station;buffering the desired and interfering signals;receiving a signal transmitted by a shared node, wherein the transmitted signal is generated based on a first signal transmitted by the first base station in a first cell and a second signal transmitted by the second base station in a second cell, the first signal including a first codeword, and the second signal including a second codeword; andcombining the buffered signals with the signal transmitted by the shared node to minimize the interfering signal's power and maximize the desired signal's power at the WTRU.2. The method of further comprising:the first base station transmitting resource usage information to the second base station;the first base station transmitting the desired signal using time and frequency resources indicated by the resource usage information; andthe second base station ...

PHYSICAL LAYER NETWORK CODING USING FORWARD ERROR CORRECTION CODES

Two network nodes may exchange messages through a relay using physical-layer network coding combined with forward error correction coding (FEC). The relay determines a prime field order based on the channel condition and communicates the field order to the network nodes. Each network node encodes an outgoing message with linear codes over a field such as finite field of the field order, and transmits a signal carrying the encoded outgoing message. The relay receives a composite signal carrying the summation of the messages from the two network nodes. The relay decodes the composite signal and extracts a composite message with linear codes over finite field of field order, and broadcasts a signal carrying the composite message. Each network node receives the signal from the relay and extracts the message intended for it using linear subtraction over finite field of field order. 1. A method for exchanging messages through a relay , the method comprising:receiving a field order for encoding an outgoing message, the field order being a prime number determined based on a channel condition;encoding the outgoing message with linear codes over a field of the field order; andtransmitting a signal carrying the encoded outgoing message.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:receiving a signal carrying a composite message; andextracting an incoming message from the composite message using linear subtraction over the field of the field order.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the composite message comprises a summation of the outgoing message and the incoming message over the field of the field order.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the incoming message is extracted by subtracting the outgoing message from the composite message over the field of the field order.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the outgoing message is intended for a network node claim 1 , the method further comprising:precoding and power controlling the signal based on channel phase and gain offsets ...

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR PROTECTION OF MULTI-USER (MU) TRANSMISSIONS

Methods and apparatus for protection of multi-user (MU) transmission are described herein. An apparatus includes a receiver, a transmitter and a processor. The receiver and the processor detect a trigger frame for an uplink (UL) multi-user (MU) transmission. The processor and the transmitter generate and send a frame in response to the trigger frame and transmit channel availability information for a plurality of channels in response to the trigger frame. The receiver and the processor detect data in a resource unit (RU) of a downlink (DL) MU physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) on one of the plurality of channels. The one of the plurality of channels is based on the transmitted channel availability information. 1. An Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 station (STA) comprising:a receiver and a processor, the receiver and the processor configured to detect a trigger frame for an uplink (UL) multi-user (MU) transmission; anda transmitter,the processor and the transmitter further configured to transmit channel availability information for a plurality of channels in response to the trigger frame, the plurality of channels being a combination of 20 MHz sub-channels that make up a wider channel acquired by an access point (AP), andthe receiver and the processor further configured to detect data in a resource unit (RU) of a downlink (DL) MU physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) on one of the plurality of channels, wherein the one of the plurality of channels is based on the transmitted channel availability information.25.-. (canceled)6. The STA of claim 1 , wherein the channel availability information includes at least one of a free channel index claim 1 , a busy channel index claim 1 , information regarding interference level claim 1 , or interference duration information.7. The STA of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , on a condition that the STA is unable to receive the trigger frame claim 1 , the processor and the receiver are ...

Reference Signal Design for Wireless Communication Systems

Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for phase noise reference signal (PNRS) transmission, comprising receiving, at a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU), scheduling information for a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) transmission, wherein the scheduling information includes an indication of a set of physical resource blocks (PRBs) and a modulation coding scheme (MCS) level, determining a density for the PNRS transmission based on at least one of: the MCS level, a frequency band for the PUSCH transmission, or a subcarrier spacing of the PUSCH transmission, and transmitting the PUSCH in the scheduled set of PRBs using the determined density of PNRS. 110.-. (canceled)11. A wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) , comprising:a memory; and receive scheduling information for a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) transmission, wherein the scheduling information includes an indication of a set of physical resource blocks (PRBs) and a modulation coding scheme (MCS) level;', 'determine a density for a phase noise reference signal (PNRS) transmission based on the MCS level; and', 'transmit the PUSCH in the scheduled set of PRBs using the determined PNRS density., 'a processor to execute instructions from the memory to12. The WTRU of claim 11 , wherein the processor is further configured to determine a subset of PRBs associated with the PNRS transmission.13. The WTRU of claim 12 , wherein the subset of PRBs is determined based on a WTRU-specific parameter.14. The WTRU of claim 12 , wherein the processor is further configured to transmit the PNRS in the determined subset of PRBs.15. The WTRU of claim 11 , wherein the PNRS density is a frequency density claim 11 , and wherein the PNRS density is determined based on the number of subcarriers used for PNRS in a scheduled bandwidth.16. The WTRU of claim 11 , wherein the PNRS density is a time density claim 11 , and wherein the PNRS density is determined based on the number of OFDM symbols which have PNRS ...

Energy management control system suitable for solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle and control method thereof

The present disclosure discloses an energy management system suitable for a solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle and a control method thereof, which are used for an aerospace vehicle energy system. The system comprises a photovoltaic module, an MPPT controller, a first DC-DC circuit, a battery pack, a first anti-reverse circuit, a second DC-DC circuit, a second anti-reverse circuit, an ESC, a BLDC, an on-board controller, a communication link and a voltage stabilizing module. During cruising, the battery pack directly supplies power to the ESC through the first anti-reverse circuit; when high-power power output is needed, the battery pack supplies power to the ESC through the second DC-DC circuit and the second anti-reverse circuit in sequence, wherein the output voltage of the second DC-DC circuit and the accelerator signal input of the ESC are controlled by the on-board controller.

Efficient Control System and Method For Brushless Motor With Wide Working Range

The present disclosure provides an efficient control system and method for a brushless motor with a wide working range, which are applied to an aerospace vehicle energy system. The system of the present disclosure includes a power supplying module, a first DC-DC circuit, a battery pack, a second DC-DC circuit, an anti-reverse-connection circuit, an electronic speed control (ESC), a brushless direct current motor (BLDC), an airborne controller and a communication link. Electric energy from the power supplying module is configured to charge the battery pack via the first DC-DC circuit, and electric energy of the battery pack sequentially flows through the second DC-DC circuit and the anti-reverse-connection circuit to energize the ESC, wherein output voltage of the second DC-DC circuit and throttle signal input of the ESC are controlled in real time by the airborne controller according to a power demand of an aircraft. 1. An efficient control method for a brushless motor with a wide working range , comprising:at a system including a power supplying module, a first DC-DC circuit, a battery pack, a second DC-DC circuit, an anti-reverse-connection circuit, an electronic speed control (ESC), a brushless direct current motor (BLDC), an airborne controller, a communication link, wherein the power supplying module outputs regulated direct currents to energize the battery pack through the first DC-DC circuit; wherein the battery pack energizes the ESC through the second DC-DC circuit and the anti-reverse-connection circuit in sequence, and the ESC drives the BLDC to rotate; wherein the second DC-DC circuit uses an adjustable DC-DC circuit, which changes an output voltage according to an input signal; wherein the communication link is configured to transmit an original throttle signal output by a flight control system to the airborne controller; and wherein the airborne controller is configured to acquire input/output voltage and current information from the first DC-DC ...

HANDLING INTERFERENCE IN MULTI-RAT WTRU

Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for transmitting a message. For example, a first radio access technology, RAT, and/or a second RAT may be determined. The first RAT may be determined for reception of data. The second RAT may be determined for the reception of the data, perhaps for example based on an indication received via the first RAT. The data may be received via a first node associated with the first RAT and a second node associated with the second RAT. 120-: (canceled)21. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) comprising:a memory; anda processor, wherein the processor is configured to:use a first radio access technology;receive information that indicates a first set of downlink resource elements associated with a downlink transmission on the first radio access technology;receive information that indicates a second set of resource elements associated with a cell-specific reference signal transmission on a second radio access technology;determine that a subset of the first set of downlink resource elements overlaps with the second set of resource elements;receive the downlink transmission on the first radio access technology via resource elements of the first set of downlink resource elements that do not overlap with the second set of resource elements; andrate match the downlink transmission on the first radio access technology around overlapped resources.22. The WTRU of claim 21 , wherein being configured to rate match the downlink transmission on the first radio access technology around overlapped resources comprises being configured to rate match the downlink transmission on the first radio access technology around the second set of resource elements associated with the second radio access technology that overlap the subset of the first set of downlink resource elements associated with the first radio access technology.23. The WTRU of claim 21 , wherein the downlink transmission comprises a physical downlink shared data channel (PDSCH) ...

Method and apparatus for minimizing interference at a mobile station using a shared node

A method and apparatus are described for minimizing inter-cell interference at multiple wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) using a shared node (SN). Each WTRU may be configured to receive a desired signal transmitted by a base station in a cell combined with interfering signals transmitted by other base stations in other cells in a first transmission time interval (TTI), and a precoded signal transmitted by the SN in a second TTI. The WTRUs may buffer the desired and interfering mixed signals received in the first TTI, and then combine the buffered signals with the precoded signal received in the second TTI to minimize the interfering signal's power and maximize the desired signal's power at each WTRU so that the desired signal may be decoded with higher probability. The SN may generate the precoded signal based on codewords or codeword components transmitted by the base stations in the same resource blocks. 1. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) comprising:a transceiver operatively coupled to a processor;the transceiver and the processor configured to receive control information from a network node including interference cancellation assistance information, wherein the interference cancellation assistance information includes, for each of a plurality of cells, resource usage information, wherein the resource usage information is based on physical resource blocks; andthe transceiver and the processor configured to receive a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) from a first cell and reduce interference from at least one other cell using the received interference cancellation assistance information.2. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein:the transceiver and the processor are configured to receive the control information via at least one downlink control channel.3. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the transceiver and the processor are further configured to:perform channel measurements; andsend results of the channel measurements to the network node.4. The WTRU of ...

METHODS FOR FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXED ON-OFF KEYING SIGNALS FOR WAKE-UP RADIOS

An access point (AP) that supports the IEEE 802.11ba protocol may transmit a frame including a physical layer (PHY) preamble to one or more stations (STAs) over a channel. The PHY preamble may include a plurality of repeated modulated legacy signal (L-SIG) fields to spoof a recipient of the frame and protect a wake up signal (WUS) to be subsequently transmitted by the AP. The AP may transmit the WUS to at least a first STA of the one or more STAs, wherein the at least the first STA is a IEEE 802.11ba compliant STA. 1. A method for use in an access point (AP) that supports the IEEE 802.11ba protocol , the method comprising:transmitting a frame including a physical layer (PHY) preamble to one or more stations (STAs) over a channel, wherein the PHY preamble comprises a plurality of repeated modulated legacy signal (L-SIG) fields to spoof a recipient of the frame and protect a wake up signal (WUS) to be subsequently transmitted by the AP; andtransmitting the WUS to a at least a first STA of the one or more STAs, wherein the at least the first STA is a IEEE 802.11ba compliant STA.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of repeated modulated L-SIG fields cause at least a second STA of the one or more STAs to set its network allocation vector (NAV) claim 1 , wherein the at least the second STA supports an IEEE 802.11 protocol other than IEEE 802.11ba.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the WUS comprises a narrow band on-off keying (OOK) signal transmitted using Manchester coding.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the PHY preamble further comprises one or more legacy fields including a legacy short training field (L-STF) and a legacy long training field (L-LTF).5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of repeated modulated L-SIG fields comprise at least two repetitions of a first modulated L-SIG field.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of repeated modulated L-SIG fields are modulated using binary phase shift keying (BPSK) or quadrature phase ...

Flame-retardant flat electrical cable

A flame-retardant flat electrical cable has a magnesium oxide dielectric layer. A plurality of spaced apart substantially parallel electrical conductors generally lie in the same plane and extend along the length of the cable. A dielectric layer is disposed on the top and/or bottom sides of the cable and covers the conductors. The dielectric layer comprises at least 90% magnesium oxide by weight. The dielectric layer exhibits good dielectric properties and is flame retardant without the use of halogens.

FREQUENCY REGULATION METHOD AND APPARATUS

A frequency regulation method and apparatus is applied to an insulation impedance detection apparatus in a direct current power system, and relates to the field of security monitoring technologies of a direct current electrical system. The method includes: collecting sampling voltages at a sampling point for at least three time points; determining a voltage frequency regulation manner based on the sampling voltages, obtained through sampling, at the at least three time points; and then regulating a voltage frequency of a power supply according to the determined voltage frequency regulation manner. The voltage frequency of the power supply can be regulated based on the at least three sampling voltages obtained through sampling. Therefore, the insulation impedance detection apparatus reduces insulation impedance detection duration while ensuring accuracy of measured insulation impedance. 1. A frequency regulation method , applied to an insulation impedance detection apparatus in a direct current power system , the method comprising:collecting sampling voltages at a sampling point for at least three time points;determining a voltage frequency regulation manner based on the at least three sampling voltages; andregulating a voltage frequency of a power supply in the impedance detection apparatus according to the determined voltage frequency regulation manner.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein determining a voltage frequency regulation manner based on the at least three sampling voltages comprises:when the at least three sampling voltages meet a first function relationship, determining that the voltage frequency regulation manner is maintaining the voltage frequency unchanged;when the at least three sampling voltages do not meet a first function relationship but meet a second function relationship, determining that the voltage frequency regulation manner is increasing the voltage frequency by a specified first step; orwhen the at least three sampling voltages do ...

AUTOMATIC DISASTER RECOVERY SOLUTION FOR INCLEMENT WEATHER

A computer sends a first request for weather information to a weather service. The computer receives a first weather information. The computer identifies one or more weather conditions contained within the first weather information. Based on the one or more weather conditions, the computer determines a disaster recovery action is appropriate. The computer implements the disaster recovery action. 1. A method for disaster recovery , the method comprising:sending, by a computer, a first request for weather information to a weather service;receiving, by the computer, a first weather information;identifying, by the computer, one or more weather conditions contained within the first weather information;determining, by the computer and based on the one or more weather conditions, a disaster recovery action is appropriate; andimplementing, by the computer, the disaster recovery action.2. The method of claim 1 , the method further comprising:sending, by a computer, a second request for weather information to the weather service;receiving, by the computer, a second weather information;determining, by the computer and based on the second weather information, the one or more weather conditions has abated; andreversing, by the computer, the disaster recovery action.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein implementing the disaster recovery action comprises deactivating one or more virtual machines running at a primary location and restarting the one or more virtual machines at a secondary location.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first request for weather information to a weather service is a “get” request to the weather service's representational state transfer application programming interface.5. The method of claim 1 , the method further comprising:selecting, by the computer and based on the first weather information, a disaster recovery action.6. The method of claim 1 , the method further comprising:evaluating, by the computer and based on the first weather information, a ...

METHOD FOR CREATING KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION MODEL FOR PRODUCT

A method for creating a knowledge representation model for a product includes: systematically capturing and representing knowledge and experience generated in product design and production processes, classifying the knowledge into five aspects, namely requirement, function, behavior, structure and evolution, and transforming unstructured tacit knowledge into structured knowledge in terms of know-what, know-how and know-why. Based on the knowledge representation model and knowledge bases, the present invention can be used to guide the construction of corresponding geometric model libraries, material libraries and process libraries, etc., and then to create design big data. The present invention can also be combined with an intelligent recommendation algorithm to intelligently recommend relevant data, information and knowledge based on the design engineers' working context and tasks undertaken. In addition, the present invention can be applied to knowledge management in the engineering design process, creating design big data, and then intelligently generating and optimizing design schemes. 1. A method for creating a knowledge representation model for a product , comprising the following steps:capturing text data and image data;mining customer requirements and market requirements from the text data, and classifying and systematically representing the customer requirements and market requirements in the form of a semantic network, to establish a requirement model;mining product information from the text data and image data, functionally decomposing the product information, dividing a main function to be achieved into sub-functions needed to achieve the main function, to establish a function model;defining a behavior of each part of the product to establish a behavior model, the behavior being composed of various indicators to be achieved by the product;decomposing a structure of the product into various mechanisms and components, and representing relevant geometric ...

MULTIPLE INPUT MULTIPLE OUTPUT (MIMO) SETUP IN MILLIMETER WAVE (MMW) WLAN SYSTEMS

An AP/PCP may perform user selection/pairing/grouping based on a measurement of an analog transmission (e.g., signal to noise ratio (SNR) or signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR)). The SNRs may be used, for example by the station, to determine best beams and/or beam pairs and/or worst beams and/or beam pairs. A station may feed back the best few beams and/or beam pairs for a Tx and Rx virtual antenna pair. A station may feed back the worst few beams for the Tx and Rx virtual antenna pair. The AP/PCP may receive the indication(s) and/or use the indication(s) to group the stations. 116.-. (canceled)17. A station (STA) configured for multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) communications , the STA comprising:a processor;transmitter circuitry configured to transmit a MU-MIMO setup frame to a group of responder STAs comprising at least a first responder STA and a second responder STA, for configuring the group to receive MU-MIMO transmissions from the STA, wherein the setup frame indicates a first antenna allocation for MU-MIMO transmissions from the STA to the first responder STA and a second antenna allocation for MU-MIMO transmissions from the STA to the second responder STA, wherein the first antenna allocation is different from the second antenna allocation;the transmitter circuitry configured to transmit first MU-MIMO transmissions to the first responder STA based on the first antenna allocation and second MU-MIMO transmissions to the second responder STA based on the second antenna allocation; andreceiver circuitry configured to receive a response frame from the first responder STA in response to the first MU-MIMO transmissions and a response frame from the second responder STA in response to the second MU-MIMO transmissions.18. The STA of claim 17 , wherein the first antenna allocation comprises a first set of radio frequency (RF) chains claim 17 , and the second antenna allocation comprises a second set of RF chains.19. The STA of claim 17 , ...

ADAPTATION OF MIMO MODE IN MMW WLAN SYSTEMS

Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for adaptation of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) mode in mmW Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) systems. A first station (STA) may receive a mode change request from a second STA. The mode change request may indicate a mode change for a MIMO mode, a polarization mode, and/or an orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) mode. The mode change request may include one or more STA fields. The one or more STA fields may include a STA field associated with the first STA. Each of the one or more STA fields may include a MIMO mode subfield, a polarization mode subfield, and/or an OFDMA mode subfield. The first STA may change the MIMO mode, the polarization mode, and/or the OFDMA mode, for example, based on the mode change request. The first STA may send a mode change response to the second STA. 120.-. (canceled)21. A station (STA) configured for polarization beamforming training , the STA comprising:a processor;receiver circuitry configured to receive, from an initiator STA, a training request frame which includes a polarization beamforming training indication;the receiver circuitry configured to receive, based on the indication, from the initiator STA, a plurality of training frames, the plurality of training frames including a first set of training frames associated with a first polarization and a second set of training frames associated with a second polarization; andtransmitter circuitry configured to transmit, to the initiator STA, feedback based on the first set of training frames and the second set of training frames.22. The STA of claim 21 , wherein the training frame comprises an enhanced directional multi-gigabit (EDMG) control frame.23. The STA of claim 21 , wherein the training frame indicates a number of polarizations to train.24. The STA of claim 21 , wherein the transmitter circuitry is configured to transmit claim 21 , to the initiator STA claim 21 , a response frame acknowledging ...

MAGNETIC MULTILAYER SHEET

A multilayer magnetic sheet is described which comprises a plurality of stacked magnetic component layers separated by first electrically insulating layers. Each of the plurality of magnetic component layers comprises a plurality of isolated magnetic sublayers having a magnetic layer thickness of less than one micron. The multilayer magnetic sheet has a magnetic fraction between about 5% and about 80%; a total magnetic thickness of greater than or equal to 5 microns; and a relative composite permeability of greater than about 20. 1. A sheet of magnetic material having a multilayer structure , the multilayer structure comprising:a plurality of stacked magnetic component layers separated by first electrically insulating layers,wherein each of the plurality of magnetic component layers comprises a plurality of isolated magnetic sublayers, wherein each of the isolated magnetic sublayers has a magnetic layer thickness less than one micron, andwhere the magnetic material sheet has a magnetic fraction between about 5% and about 80%; a total magnetic thickness of greater than or equal to 5 microns; and a relative composite permeability of greater than about 20.2. The sheet of claim 1 , wherein each of the isolated magnetic sublayers comprises at least one of a single magnetic metal element claim 1 , a magnetic alloy claim 1 , or a magnetic nano-granular film.3. The sheet of claim 1 , wherein each of the isolated magnetic sublayers comprises at least one of elemental iron claim 1 , elemental nickel claim 1 , elemental cobalt claim 1 , a nickel-cobalt alloy claim 1 , a nickel-iron alloy claim 1 , an iron-cobalt alloy claim 1 , an iron-cobalt-nickel alloy claim 1 , an iron-cobalt-boron alloy claim 1 , and a cobalt-niobium alloy.4. The sheet of claim 2 , wherein the magnetic granular film layers comprise islands of magnetic material dispersed in an insulating matrix.5. The sheet of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic material has a magnetic content between 10% and 80%.6. The sheet ...

ACTUAL OR APPARENT POWER FAILURE DETECTING SYSTEM AND METHOD

A system for distinguishing between actual power failure and false power failure in relation to a system under Efuse control includes a power unit, a detection unit, a control unit, a management substrate, and a management unit. The power unit outputs a voltage to the detection unit and the control unit. The detection unit detects state of a power supply from the power unit, and outputs a signal to the control unit. The management substrate monitors an operating state of the power unit, and outputs a status signal. The management unit obtains a system interrupt instruction from the control unit, and generates an error event or does not generate an error event according to the system interrupt instruction and a small period of time for establishing an actual or a false abnormality. A method for detecting an apparent or an actual power failure is also provided. 1. A power failure detecting system comprising:a power unit outputting a voltage;a detection unit coupling to the power unit and obtaining the voltage; wherein the detection unit outputs a detection signal;a management substrate coupling to the power unit; wherein the management substrate monitors an operating state of the power unit, and outputs a status signal;a control unit coupling to the detection unit and the management substrate, and obtaining the detection signal and the status signal;wherein when the detection signal is at a low level, the control unit determines whether the status signal is maintained in a high level within a preset time;wherein when the status signal is maintained in the high level within the preset time, the control unit outputs system interrupt instruction; and when the status signal is switched from the high level to the low level within the preset time, the control unit does not output the system interrupt instruction.2. The power failure detecting system of claim 1 , wherein the power failure detecting system further comprises a management unit claim 1 , and the management unit ...

COMMON CONTROL CHANNEL AND REFERENCE SYMBOL FOR MULTIPLE WAVEFORM DATA TRANSMISSION

Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for determining an uplink (UL) waveform type associated with a data symbol in an UL transmission, wherein the UL waveform type is determined based on a predefined condition, indicating the determined UL waveform type using symbols in a slot, and wherein the symbols comprise a reference signal of a first type, and wherein the symbols are prior to the data symbol in the slot, and transmitting, using the determined UL waveform type, the symbols comprising the reference signal of the first type and a data symbol. 1. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) , comprising:a memory; determine a waveform type associated with a data symbol, wherein the waveform type is determined based on a predefined condition, and', 'indicate the determined waveform type using a plurality of symbols in a slot, wherein the plurality of symbols carries a set of reference signals of a first type; and, 'a processor configured to 'wherein the data symbol is transmitted in the slot, using the determined waveform type and after the plurality of symbols is transmitted.', 'a transceiver configured to transmit the plurality of symbols and the data symbol,'}2. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the predefined condition is any of a power limited condition or a mobility condition.3. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the processor is configured to apply one or more a-time domain orthogonal cover codes to the set of reference signals.4. The WTRU of claim 3 , wherein the set of reference signals includes two reference signals claim 3 , wherein the one or more time domain orthogonal cover codes include a time domain orthogonal cover code being [1 1] or [1 −1] claim 3 , wherein [1 1] indicates a first waveform type and [1 −1] indicates a second waveform type.5. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the determined waveform type is any of: an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) waveform claim 1 , or a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT)-spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) ...

Method and apparatus for multi-user concurrent random access for wireless local area networks (wlans)

Methods and apparatus are described. A station includes a transceiver and a processor, which detect a trigger frame for an uplink (UL) multi-user (MU) transmission. The trigger frame includes a user information field with an allocation of one or more random access resource units (RUs) and a common information field with information to set high efficiency (HE) SIGNAL-A (HE-SIG-A) fields in the UL MU transmission. The transceiver and the processor generate an HE trigger-based (TB) physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) and set an HE-SIG-A field in the HE TB PPDU using the information in the trigger frame. The transceiver and the processor select one of the one or more random access RUs and transmit the HE TB PPDU, using the selected one of the one or more random access RUs, a short inter-frame space after the trigger frame.

METHOD FOR COMPENSATING FOR WAVELENGTH SHIFT IN WAVELENGTH SELECTIVE SWITCH, AND DEVICE THEREFOR

A method for compensating for a wavelength shift in a wavelength selective switch (WSS), and a device therefor. The device comprises a fixed seat () as well as a rotation beam () and a compensation block () that have different thermal expansion amounts, the rotation beam () and the compensation block () being fixedly adhered to the fixed seat (). In the method, a combined structure of the rotation beam () and the compensation block () with different thermal expansion amounts is adopted; the combined structure rotates by means of different expansion amounts generated by the rotation beam () and the compensation block () at the same external temperature, and further drives an optical element of the WSS to rotate, hence compensating for a wavelength shift of the WSS. The method is safe and reliable; the device has a simple structure, and is convenient to encapsulate, is applicable to various WSS optical paths, and does not affect advantages of the optical path structure of the WSS. 1. A compensation method for wavelength shift of WSS comprising the following steps:measuring the direction and amount of wavelength shift of WSS;adopting a composite structure of rotating beam and compensation blocks with different thermal strokes;gluing the composite structure to the side of collimating lens of WSS or the back of the reflecting surface of the reflector of WSS; neutralizing the wavelength shift direction with the rotating direction of the composite structure, and equalizing the wavelength compensation dosage of the composite structure with the measured amount of wavelength shift of WSS.2. The compensation method for wavelength shift of WSS in comprising:the stated different thermal strokes of the composite structure in the adopting step is realized by setting the width and other size specification of the compensation blocks as well as the different thermal expansion coefficients of compensation blocks and rotating beam under the same external temperature.3. The compensation ...

METHODS, APPARATUSES AND SYSTEMS DIRECTED TO COMPLEMENTARY SEQUENCE ENCODING AND ENCODED COMPLEMENTARY SEQUENCE TRANSMISSIONS

Methods, apparatuses and systems directed to complementary sequence (CS) encoding and encoded CS transmissions are provided. Among the apparatuses is apparatus having a transmitter that may be configured to (i) transmit an encoded CS via a block based, e.g., orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), waveform, and/or (ii) generate the encoded CS using a plurality of seed sequences and a plurality of information items, wherein: of the elements of the encoded CS encodes a first set of the plurality of information items; (b) phases of the encoded-CS elements encode a second set of the plurality of information items); and (c) the encoded-CS elements define a number of zeros that encode a third set of the plurality of information items. The encoded-CS elements may define respective numbers of zeros that collectively form the number of zeros that encode the third information-item set. 1. A method implemented in a transmitter , the method comprising:generating an encoded complementary sequence that is based on a plurality of seed sequences and that encodes each of a plurality of sets of information items as a different attribute of the encoded complementary sequence; andtransmitting the encoded complementary sequence via a block-based waveform.2. The method of any of the preceding claims , wherein generating an encoded complementary sequence comprises:generating a sequence using the plurality of seed sequences;encoding the sequence using each set of information items and a function ƒ or encoding one of the different attributes; andapplying a function to the encoded sequence.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein generating an encoded complementary sequence comprises:generating a sequence using the plurality of seed sequences;performing a first encoding of the sequence to generate a first encoded sequence that encodes a first set of a plurality of information items as a first of the different attributes;performing a second encoding of the first encoded sequence to ...

AUDIO PROCESSING METHOD AND APPARATUS, AND STORAGE MEDIUM

An audio processing method includes: acquiring first audio data associated with a first audio signal after waking up a target application; when second audio data associated with a second audio signal is detected in the process of acquiring the first audio data, acquiring the second audio data; and obtaining target audio data according to the first audio data and the second audio data. With the method, a conversation flow can be simplified without waking up a target application again, the first audio data and the second audio data are combined to obtain target audio data, and audio response is made to the target audio data, which can more accurately get real needs of a user, reduce the rate of isolated responding errors, and improve the accuracy of the audio response. 1. A method for audio processing , applicable to an electronic device , the method comprising:acquiring first audio data associated with a first audio signal, after waking up a target application;in response to that second audio data associated with a second audio signal is detected in the process of acquiring the first audio data, acquiring the second audio data; andobtaining target audio data according to the first audio data and the second audio data.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:determining a time difference between end of acquiring the first audio data and start of acquiring the second audio data,wherein the obtaining the target audio data according to the first audio data and the second audio data comprises:obtaining, when the time difference is greater than or equal to a first set duration, the target audio data according to the first audio data and the second audio data.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the obtaining claim 2 , when the time difference is greater than or equal to the first set duration claim 2 , the target audio data according to the first audio data and the second audio data comprises:detecting, when the time difference is greater than or equal to the first set ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK (WLAN) LONG SYMBOL DURATION MIGRATION

A STA may perform packet detection to detect a packet and decode a legacy preamble of the detected packet including a legacy short training field (L-STF), a legacy long training field (L-LTF), and a legacy signal (L-SIG) field. The STA may decode a high efficiency signal A (HE-SIG-A) field to obtain a first partial association identifier (PAID) comprising group information. If the decoded group information matches group information stored in a memory of the STA, the STA may decode a high efficiency (HE) preamble and a high efficiency signal B (HE-SIG-B) field of the detected packet. The HE-SIG-B field may include a station identifier within the group. When the group information is combined with the station identifier, the STA may determine an accurate address. 120-. (canceled)21. A method for supporting early detection of a frame by a station (STA) , the method comprising:receiving, in a high efficiency signal A (HE-SIG-A) field of the frame, an indication of transmission opportunity (TXOP) duration and an indication of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) of a high efficiency signal B (HE-SIG-B) field of the frame;decoding the HE-SIG-B field based on the indicated MCS, wherein the HE-SIG-B field comprises a common field and a field indicative of a STA identifier; andon a condition the field indicative of the STA identifier of the HE-SIG-B field matches an identifier of the STA, decoding a payload of the frame.22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the MCS of the HE-SIG-B field is higher than an MCS of the HE-SIG-A field.23. The method of claim 21 , wherein the MCS of the HE-SIG-B field is the same as an MCS of the received HE-SIG-A field.24. The method of claim 21 , wherein the MCS of the HE-SIG-B field is lower than an MCS of the HE-SIG-A field.25. The method of claim 21 , wherein the HE-SIG-B field includes an information field claim 21 , wherein the information field comprises information corresponding to a plurality of encoders.26. The method of claim 25 , ...

Gesture-based on-chart data filtering

On-chart data filtering on computing devices such as, e.g., touch-enabled mobile devices can be enabled by methods, systems, and computer programs that facilitate detecting a filtering gesture performed on an axis element (such as a value range, category label, or category-label row) of a data chart displayed on-screen and, in response to the filtering gesture, filtering data associated with the axis element and updating the displayed data chart based on the filtering. 1. A method comprising , using a computer:detecting a filtering gesture performed on an axis element of a data chart displayed on a screen;in response to the filtering gesture, filtering data associated with the axis element; andupdating the displayed data chart based on the filtering.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the axis element comprises a category-label row.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the filtering comprises aggregating the data across categories associated with the category-label row.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the axis element comprises a value range.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the filtering comprises deleting data associated with the value range.6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the filtering gesture is a composite gesture comprising a first gesture part selecting a value axis claim 4 , a second gesture part defining the value range claim 4 , and a third gesture part performed on the defined value range.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the filtering comprises a touch-based gesture.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the filtering comprises a hold-and-swipe gesture.9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising storing the filtered-out data.10. The method of claim 9 , further comprising claim 9 , upon detection of a recovery gesture performed on the chart claim 9 , reversing the filtering by restoring the filtered-out data.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the data associated with the axis element comprises a plurality of data points.12. A system comprising:a screen ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR BEAMFORMING FEEDBACK IN MMWAVE WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORKS

A responder performing a hybrid beam forming operation by having multiple antennas configured to receive a training packet, responsively generate a beam-formed receive signal by processing the received training packet with previously determined analog beam coefficients, determine whether digital baseband channel (DBC) tracking is indicated based on a tracking-type parameter contained within the received training packet, process a non-precoded training signal within the beam-formed receive signal and responsively determine a DBC estimate, and provide a feedback message having transmitter precoder data based on the DBC estimate. 1. A method implemented by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) having multiple antennas , the method comprising:determining, by the WTRU, information that is associated with a baseband channel, and that indicates any of measurement information and channel information; and, (1) the WTRU determines, according to the information, that: (i) system performance is degraded in a hybrid beamforming transmission, and (ii) re-estimation of the baseband channel is part of a current link adaptation procedure, and', '(2) detailed baseband channel information was not part of a MIMO setup procedure or analog beams have been identified but information for the baseband channel is still needed., 'transmitting, by the WTRU, a signal for requesting baseband beam tracking, on condition that any of2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the signal for requesting baseband beam tracking includes a training packet including information indicating a beam tracking type to be any of analog beam tracking and digital beam tracking.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the signal for requesting baseband beam tracking includes a non-precoded training signal within a beam-formed signal.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the non-precoded training signal comprises training (TRN) sequences.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the beam-formed receive signal includes a use parameter ...

Methods, apparatuses and systems directed to unique word discrete fourier transform spread and shaped orthogonal frequency division multiplexing based transmissions

Methods, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products directed to unique word (UW) discrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread and shaped orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) (“UW DFT-S-S-OFDM”) based communications are provided. Among new methodologies and/or technologies provided is a method that may be implemented in transmitter and that may include any of: transforming a set of data symbols and a UW sequence into a frequency domain (“fDOM”) signal using a DFT; replicating the fDOM signal so as to form a plurality of fDOM signal instances, wherein the plurality of fDOM signal instances is inclusive of the fDOM signal; shaping one or more of the plurality of fDOM signal instances; combining the plurality of fDOM signal instances to form a combined fDOM signal; transforming the combined fDOM signal into a block-based signal using an inverse DFT (IDFT); and outputting the block-based signal.

APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR NON-SYSTEMATIC COMPLEX CODED DISCRETE FOURIER TRANSFORM SPREAD ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING

The invention pertains to methods and apparatus for non-systematic complex coded unique word DFT spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. 123-. (canceled)24. A method implemented in a wireless network node for transmitting symbols using discrete Fourier transformation (DFT) spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) , the method comprising:mapping a first, symbol vector to inputs of a DFT-spread block using a permutation matrix that inserts zeroes into the first symbol vector corresponding to inputs of the DFT spread block to which symbols of the first symbol vector are not mapped to produce a second symbol vector;inserting a perturbation into the second vector to produce a third vector;performing a DFT on the third vector to produce a fourth vector, wherein the perturbation is configured to generate zeros on predetermined elements of the fourth vector;performing an inverse DFT (IDFT) operation on the fourth vector to produce an IDFT output signal;cancelling a tail of the IDFT output to produce a modified IDFT output signal; and transmitting the modified IDFT output signal.25. The method of wherein inserting the zeroes comprises inserting the zeroes in a periodic manner.26. The method of wherein the zeroes are interleaved in the second vector.27. The method of further comprising:adding a Unique Word (UW) signal to the modified IDFT output signal prior to transmitting.28. The method of further comprising:adding a circular prefix (CP) to the modified IDFT output prior to transmitting.29. The method of further comprising:adding a guard band to the symbols in the modified IDFT signal.30. The method of wherein adding the guard band comprises adding the guard band in the frequency domain.31. The method of wherein adding the guard band comprises multiplying the plurality of output values of the DFT output with filter coefficients.32. The method of wherein the perturbation is a vector claim 24 , r claim 24 , wherein the vector r is configured ...

Methods, apparatus, and system using multiple antenna techniques for new radio (nr) operations in unlicensed bands

An LBT method and apparatus are disclosed for a WTRU and gNB. A method may comprise receiving a gNB beam direction schedule and an LBT measurement configuration. The WTRU may switch a receiver so as to receive a beam based on the beam direction schedule and monitor for a DCI. The WTRU may be configured to determine whether there is a transmission for the WTRU and if there is, the transmission may be received. The transmission may be a DCI for an uplink transmission of the WTRU. A WTRU may be configured to receive the gNB beam direction schedule and the LBT measurement configuration at a start of an MCOT.

Personal Cleansing Compositions And Methods Of Stabilizing The Microbiome

A personal wash composition which provides an effective antimicrobial benefit against fungi, gram positive and gram negative bacteria, which composition comprises: a) from 0.1% to 10 wt % betaine surfactant, b) from 0.1% to 5.0 wt % lactic acid, c) from 0.1% to 20 wt % polyhydric C-Calcohol, d) from 0% to 10 wt % alkyl polyethoxy carboxylate of the formula RO(CHCHO)CHCOOM wherein R is a C-Calkyl, k is an integer from 0 to 20, and M is a soluble salt-forming cation, e) from 0% to 10 wt % alkyl polyethoxy amides of the formula RO(CHCHO)CHCONHwherein R is a C-Calkyl, k is an integer from 0 to 20, f) >8 wt % alkyl ether sulphate, g) water, h) a pH of 3.8-4.5, i) 10-20 wt % total surfactant, j) from 0.1 to 10 wt % metal salt. 1. A personal wash composition comprising:from 0.1% to 10 wt % betaine surfactant;from 0.1% to 5.0 wt % lactic acid;{'sub': 2', '6, 'from 0.1% to 20 wt % polyhydric C-Calcohol;'}from 0% to 10 wt % alkyl polyethoxy carboxylate;from 0% to 10 wt % alkyl polyethoxy amides;greater than 8 wt % alkyl ether sulphate;water;a pH of 3.8-4.5;from 10-20 wt % total surfactant; andfrom 0.1 to 10 wt % metal salt.2. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the alkyl polyethoxy carboxylate has the formula RO(CHCHO)CHCOOM;{'sub': 8', '22, 'wherein R is a C-Calkyl;'}wherein k is an integer from 0 to 20;wherein M is a soluble salt-forming cation; andwherein the alkyl polyethoxy carboxylate is present in an amount of from 2-7 wt %.3. The composition according to claim 2 , wherein in the alkyl polyethoxy carboxylate claim 2 , R is a Calkyl claim 2 , K is 11 claim 2 , and M is Na.4. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the betaine surfactant is present in an amount of from 1-3 wt %.5. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the betaine comprises cocoamidopropyl betaine.6. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the lactic acid is present in an amount of from 0.2-8 wt %.7. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polyhydric C-Calcohol ...

WAVELENGTH SELECTIVE SWITCH

The present disclosure relates to wavelength selective switches. In one embodiment, a wavelength selective switch may include a liquid crystal (LC)-based attenuation switching device that has an LC switching module to switch an incident beam to one of a plurality of output paths. The LC switching module may include one or more LC switching cells. The LC-based attenuation switching device further includes a mirror to reflect the beam from the LC switching module so as to output the beam through a corresponding output port, and a temperature compensation module provided on a side of the mirror opposite to the LC switching module. The temperature compensation module may be configured to alter curvature of the mirror as temperature changes so as to compensate for deformation of the LC switching cells due to the temperature change. 1. A wavelength selective switch comprising a liquid crystal (LC)-based attenuation switching device including:an LC switching module including one or more LC switching cells to switch an incident beam;a mirror to reflect the beam from the LC switching module back to the LC switching module; anda temperature compensation module provided on a side of the mirror opposite to the LC switching module, the temperature compensation module being configured to alter curvature of the mirror as the value of a temperature changes for compensating for deformation of the LC switching cells due to the temperature change.2. The wavelength selective switch of claim 1 , wherein the LC-based attenuation switching device further comprising:an LC attenuation module provided upstream of the LC switching module to control attenuation of the incident beam, the LC attenuation module including an ECB (Electrically Controlled Biregringent) LC cell,wherein the temperature compensation module is configured to alter the curvature of the mirror as the temperature changes so as to compensate for deformation of the ECB LC cell and the LC switching cells due to the temperature ...

WAVEFORM CODING WITH MODULATION FOR SINGLE-USER AND MULTIPLE-USER TRANSMISSIONS

A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be configured to perform wake up radio (WUR) for one or more WUR receivers. For example, the WTRU may transmit a common preamble to a first WUR receiver using a first frequency range. The WTRU may transmit a first WUR packet to the WUR receiver, after the common preamble. The WTRU may transmit the common preamble to a second WUR receiver using a second frequency range. The WTRU may transmit a second WUR packet after the common preamble, The bandwidth associated with the second WUR packet and the bandwidth associated with the first WUR packet may be smaller than the bandwidth associated with the common preamble, which may avoid interference from other transmitters {e.g., 802.11 transmitters, 802.11 stations, and 802.11 radios). The bandwidth associated with the first WUR packet and the bandwidth associated with the second WUR packet may not be coextensive with one another. 1. A transmit device comprising:a transmitter configured to transmit a common preamble using a first frequency range;the transmitter configured to transmit a first wake up radio (WUR) packet to a first WUR receiver after the common preamble, using the first frequency range, wherein a bandwidth associated with the first WUR packet is smaller than a bandwidth associated with the common preamble;the transmitter configured to transmit the common preamble using a second frequency range; andthe transmitter configured to transmit a second WUR packet to a second WUR receiver after the common preamble, using the second frequency range, wherein a bandwidth associated with the second WUR packet is smaller than a bandwidth associated with the common preamble, and wherein a frequency range associated with the second WUR packet is different than a frequency range associated with the first WUR packet.2. The transmit device of claim 1 , wherein the transmitter is configured to transmit a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) symbol claim 1 , after the common preamble ...

DYNAMIC ALLOCATION IN DENSE MMWAVE NETWORKS

Systems, methods, and/or instrumentalities are disclosed for dynamic allocation (e.g. of communication channel time with an access point (AP)) to a plurality of wireless transmit/receive units (STA(s)/WTRUs) in dense mmWave networks. Dynamic allocation may be implemented in multiple (e.g. four) sub-phases, (e.g. a polling period sub-phase with polls, a polling period sub-phase with service period requests (SPRs), a grant sub-phase and/or a data transfer sub-phase). Multi-dimensional dynamic allocation may address multiple STAs simultaneously (e.g. using one or more different dimensions such as space, frequency, and/or code). Directional channel access may provide a contention-based uplink in which STAs compete (e.g. during an uplink request period) to send data requests. Efficient dynamic allocation may optimize signaling and/or operation in sub-phases (e.g. using grouped polling, grouped SPR and/or grouped grant frames). Dynamic allocation with subphase overlap may allow different sub-phases of a dynamic allocation procedure to overlap. 1. A station (STA) , comprising: 'detect an indication of one or more Uplink Request Periods (ULP) from an Access Point (AP);', 'a receiver configured at least to determine an occurrence of at least one ULP of the one or more ULP;', 'determine an eligibility to request one or more transmission resources in the at least one ULP; and', 'initiate a request for the one or more transmission resources upon the determination indicating the eligibility; and, 'a processor configured at least to 'send the request for the one or more transmission resources in a contention-based uplink (UL) signal in the at least one ULP.', 'a transmitter configured at least to2. The STA of claim 1 , wherein the at least one ULP is a dedicated period for the contention-based UL signal request for the one or more transmission resources.3. The STA of claim 1 , wherein the indication of the one or more ULP is included in at least one of: a Data Transmission ...

Method of Diagnosing Gastric Cancers Using MicroRNAs

We describe a method of diagnosing a gastric cancer. The method may include detecting the expression level of an miRNA in a sample of or from an individual. The expression level of the miRNA may be detected in an extracellular vesicle (EV) from the sample. The miRNA may be selected from the group consisting of: hsa-miR-484, hsa-miR-186-5p, hsa-miR-142-5p, hsa-miR-320d, hsa-miR-320a, hsa-miR-320b and hsa-miR-17-5p. The method may be such that an altered expression level of the miRNA as compared to the expression level of the miRNA in an EV in or of an individual known not to be suffering from gastric cancer indicates that the individual is suffering, or is likely to be suffering, from gastric cancer. 1. A method of diagnosing a gastric cancer , in which the method comprises detecting , in a sample from or of an individual:the expression level of an miRNA selected from the group consisting of: hsa-miR-484, hsa-miR-186-5p, hsa-miR-142-5p, hsa-miR-320d, hsa-miR-320a, hsa-miR-320b and hsa-miR-17-5p;in which an altered expression level of the miRNA as compared to the expression level of the miRNA in a sample from or of an individual known not to be suffering from gastric cancer indicates that the individual is suffering, or is likely to be suffering, from gastric cancer.2. A method according to claim 1 , in which the miRNA is detected in an extracellular vesicle (EV) and:(a) hsa-miR-484 comprises a polynucleotide sequence having miRBase Accession Number MIMAT0002174 or a variant, homologue, derivative or fragment thereof such as a sequence having 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% sequence identity thereto and comprising hsa-miR-484 activity and in which the altered expression level comprises an increased expression level of hsa-miR-484;(b) hsa-miR-186-5p comprises a polynucleotide sequence having miRbase Accession Number MIMAT0000456 or a variant, homologue, derivative or fragment thereof such as a sequence having 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% ...

SYSTEMS AND MTHODS FOR BEMAFORMING FEEDBACK IN mmWAVE WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORKS

A responder performing a hybrid beam forming operation by having multiple antennas configured to receive a training packet, responsively generate a beam-formed receive signal by processing the received training packet with previously determined analog beam coefficients, determine whether digital baseband channel (DBC) tracking is indicated based on a tracking-type parameter contained within the received training packet, process a non-precoded training signal within the beam-formed receive signal and responsively determine a DBC estimate, and provide a feedback message having transmitter precoder data based on the DBC estimate. 1. A method implemented by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) having multiple antennas , the method comprising:receiving a training packet including information indicating a beam tracking type to be any of analog beam tracking and digital beam tracking;on condition that the indicated beam tracking-type is digital beam tracking, generating feedback information associated with: (1) a beam-formed receive signal generated according to previously determined analog beam coefficients; (2) a non-precoded training signal within the beam-formed receive signal; and (3) transmitter precoder data associated with a digital baseband channel (DBC) estimate determined by the WTRU; and,transmitting a feedback message including the feedback information generated based on the indicated beam tracking type being digital beam tracking.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the feedback message is provided according to a polling protocol.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the feedback message comprises quantized channel coefficients.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the feedback message comprises a precoder index value.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the non-precoded training signal comprises training (TRN) sequences.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the non-precoded training signal comprises a channel estimation field (CEF).7. The method of claim 6 , wherein ...

TAIL CANCELATION AND ADDITION OF UNIQUE WORD FOR ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING

A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may generate a first signal that utilizes a tail suppression signal generated from data and utilizes a first unique word. Elements of the data and the first signal may be mapped to one or more discrete Fourier transform spread (DFT-S) functions. An inverse DFT on symbols generated by the one or more DFT-S functions may be performed to generate a second signal for transmission. 1. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) comprising:a processor configured to generate a first signal that utilizes a tail suppression signal generated from data and utilizes a first unique word;the processor further configured to map elements of the data and the first signal to one or more discrete Fourier transform spread (DFT-S) functions;the processor further configured to perform an inverse DFT on symbols generated by the one or more DFT-S functions to generate a second signal; anda transceiver configured to transmit the second signal.2. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the symbols generated by the one or more DFT-S functions are shaped prior to the inverse DFT.3. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein a second unique word is added to the second signal prior to the transmission.4. The WTRU of claim 3 , wherein the first unique word or the second unique word is based on the data.5. The WTRU of claim 3 , wherein the first unique word is associated with a length based on an estimated channel impulse response.6. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the one or more DFT-S functions comprise a first group of DFT-S functions and a second group of DFT-S functions and wherein the first signal is mapped to the first group of DFT-S functions.7. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the tail suppression signal is based on a previous tail buffered by the WTRU.8. A method performed by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) claim 1 , the method comprising:generating, by the WTRU, a first signal utilizing a tail suppression signal generated at the WTRU from data and utilizing a first ...

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR ENHANCED DYNAMIC ALLOCATION FOR DIRECTIONAL TRANSMISSION

Methods and apparatus are described herein for dynamic allocation of multiple channels and data streams for multi-channel transmission and multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO). For example, a station (STA) may receive an enhanced poll (EPoll) frame that includes a time offset, a channel offset and antenna/sector settings from an access point (AP). The STA may transmit, based on the received EPoll frame, an enhanced service period request (ESPR) frame that includes a MIMO control field and a multi-channel control field. The MIMO control field may indicate whether the STA supports MIMO transmission. The multi-channel control field may indicate whether the STA supports multi-channel transmission. Upon transmitting the ESPR frame, the STA may receive an enhanced grant frame from the AP. The enhanced grant frame may include an antenna configuration and a multi-channel allocation to enable the STA to perform the MIMO transmission and the multi-channel transmission. 1. A method for use in an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 station (STA) , the method comprising:receiving, from an access point (AP), a poll frame that includes time information, channel information, antenna information, and sector information;transmitting, based on the poll frame, a service period request (SPR) frame that includes a multi-channel control field indicating support for multi-channel transmission; andreceiving, from the AP, a grant frame that includes an antenna configuration and a multi-channel allocation to enable the STA to perform a multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO), multi-channel transmission.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the SPR frame further includes a MIMO control field indicating support for MIMO transmission claim 1 , wherein the MIMO control field includes a number of data streams subfield that indicates a number of data streams to be transmitted in the MIMO transmission.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the multi-channel control field ...

METHODS, SYSTEMS, AND APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING UPLINK CONTROL INFORMATION

A wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) may be configured to transmit uplink control information such as Hybrid Automatic Retransmission Request (HARQ) Acknowledgement or Negative Acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) using a sequence. The HARQ ACK/NACK may comprise one bit or two bits of information, and the WTRU may use a cyclic shift of the sequence to transmit the HARQ ACK/NACK. The WTRU may use different cyclic shifts of the sequence to transmit different HARQ ACK/NACK values and the cyclic shifts may be separated from each other in a manner to facilitate the transmissions. The WTRU may be further configured to receive, from a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), an indication of a resource block for transmitting the HARQ ACK/NACK. 1. A wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) , comprising:a processor configured to transmit Hybrid Automatic Retransmission Request (HARQ) Acknowledgement or Negative Acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) information using a sequence, the processor further configured to:receive a configuration from a network entity, the configuration indicating a cyclic shift of the sequence to be used to transmit the HARQ ACK/NACK information;determine whether the HARQ ACK/NACK information comprises one bit or two bits of information; determine, based on the configuration and a HARQ ACK/NACK value indicated by the one bit of information, which one of a first cyclic shift or a second cyclic shift of the sequence to use to transmit the HARQ ACK/NACK information, wherein the first cyclic shift of the sequence corresponds to a first one-bit HARQ ACK/NACK value, wherein the second cyclic shift of the sequence corresponds to a second one-bit HARQ ACK/NACK value, and wherein the first cyclic shift and the second cyclic shift of the sequence differ by a half of a length of the sequence; and', 'transmit the HARQ ACK/NACK information using the one of the first cyclic shift or second cyclic shift of the sequence; and, 'if the HARQ ACK/NACK information comprises one bit of ...

LOW PAPR DMRS AND LOW INTER-CELL INTERFERENCE FOR DFT-SPREAD OFDM

A WTRU may comprise circuitry configured to determine DMRS sequences of length 12, 18 and 24 for PI/2 BPSK DFT-s-OFDM modulation. The sequences are optimized for PAPR, CM, frequency flatness, cross-correlation and for channel estimation (cyclic correlation). 1. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) comprising:circuitry configured to determine a sequence, from a set of sequences comprising 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0, 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 and 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1; anda transmitter configured to transmit a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) derived from the determined sequence.2. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the determined sequence is 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0.3. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the determined sequence is 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1.4. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the determined sequence is 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1.5. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) comprising:circuitry configured to determine a sequence, from a set of sequences comprising: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1, 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 and 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1; anda transmitter configured to transmit a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) derived from the determined sequence.6. The WTRU of claim 5 , wherein the determined sequence is 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1.7. The WTRU of claim 5 , wherein the determined sequence is 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1.8. The WTRU of claim 5 , wherein the determined sequence is 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1.9. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) comprising:circuitry configured to determine a sequence, from a set of sequences comprising: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1, 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1, 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 and 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0; anda transmitter configured to transmit a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) derived from the determined sequence.10. The WTRU of claim 9 , wherein the determined ...

WAKE-UP SIGNAL FOR POWER SAVING

Systems, methods, and instrumentalities associated with wake-up signals may be provided, e.g., for power saving. The systems, methods, and instrumentalities may include interference-free wake-up signal (WUS)/go-to-sleep signal (GOS) and/or ON/OFF keying (OOK) waveform enhancements. The systems, methods, and instrumentalities for interference-free WUS/GOS may include wake-up control signal format and content and/or user multiplexing and reference symbols for WUS/GOS signaling. The systems, methods, and instrumentalities for OOK waveform enhancements may include one or more of uniform WUS/GUS using time domain masking based OOK, OOK randomization, and/or using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols with multiple subcarrier spacing values for OOK symbols. 1. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) comprising: receive a signal from a network while the WTRU is in a sleep state;', 'detect first information indicated via the signal, wherein the first information comprises a bit pattern indicated by the signal;', 'determine whether the bit pattern matches a configured bit pattern that indicates to the WTRU to wake up from the sleep state;', 'determine second information associated with the signal, wherein the second information is different than the first information, and wherein the second information comprises a sequence associated with the bit pattern; and', 'on a condition that the bit pattern matches the configured bit pattern, wake up from the sleep state., 'a processor configured to2. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the signal is an on/off keying (OOK) signal claim 1 , and the OOK signal comprises a set of OOK symbols using a set of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols.3. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein to detect the first information claim 1 , the processor is configured to detect a set of on and off bits using energy detection.4. (canceled)5. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the second information comprises one or more of a WTRU ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR OPERATING SUPPLEMENTARY CELLS IN LICENSED EXEMPT SPECTRUM

A method and apparatus for operating supplementary cells in licensed exempt (LE) spectrum. An aggregating cell operating in a frequency division duplex (FDD) licensed spectrum is aggregated with a LE supplementary cell operating in a time sharing mode for uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) operations. The LE supplementary cell may be an FDD supplementary cell dynamically configurable between an UL only mode, a DL only mode, and a shared mode, to match requested UL and DL traffic ratios. The LE supplementary cell may be a time division duplex (TDD) supplementary cell. The TDD supplementary cell may be dynamically configurable between multiple TDD configurations. A coexistence capability for coordinating operations between the LE supplementary cell with other systems operating in the same channel is provided. Coexistence gaps are provided to measure primary/secondary user usage and permit other systems operating in the LE supplementary cell channel to access the channel. 1. A method of aggregating carriers , comprising:providing, at a base station, an aggregating cell configured for operation in a frequency division duplex (FDD) licensed spectrum; andaggregating, at the base station, the aggregating cell with at least one licensed exempt (LE) supplementary cell operating in a time sharing mode for uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) operations.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one LE supplementary cell is an FDD supplementary cell dynamically configurable between an UL only mode claim 1 , a DL only mode claim 1 , and a shared mode to match requested UL and DL traffic ratios.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein for the shared mode claim 2 , the at least one LE supplementary cell is toggled between UL and DL at a toggling interval to match requested UL and DL traffic ratios.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein a sharing mode pattern is based on sub-frame timing.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein a sharing mode pattern repeats at a multiple of a number of hybrid automatic ...

Collision mitigation for directional response in millimeter wave wireless local area network system

A method, apparatus, and system for beamforming training using a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU). A WTRU may receive an indication of a number of space time slots (STSs) from an access point (AP) within a beacon frame during a beamforming training allocation. The WTRU may send a response signal to the AP in a specific STS based on a function of the number of STSs. The WTRU may receive an acknowledgement (ACK) from the AP confirming the response was received. Alternatively, the AP may send a signal indicating that a collision occurred and alter the number of STSs, and the WTRU may try again in the next beamforming training allocation.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PROVIDING AND/OR USING AN OFDN-OQAM STRUCTURE

Systems and methods for providing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-offset quadrature amplitude modulation (OFDM-OQAM) structure may be disclosed. For example, a synthesis filter bank (SFB) and/or an analysis filter bank (AFB) for a filter length may be derived. The filter length may be odd. Additionally, the AFB may be an inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT)-based AFB and/or a discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-based AFB. 1. A method for providing an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-offset quadrature amplitude modulation (OFDM-OQAM) synthesis filter bank (SFB) structure having an odd filter length , the method comprising:receiving offset quadrature amplitude modulation (OQAM) inputs;performing an inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) on the OQAM inputs to generate IDFT outputs;applying a permutation to the IDFT outputs to generate permutation outputs;applying polyphase filters and a parallel-to-serial (P/S) conversion to the permutation outputs to generate an SFB output for the SFB structure having the odd filter length; andsending the SFB output.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:performing zero-padding on the OQAM inputs.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the OQAM inputs comprise OQAM modulated symbol sequences defined by s[n] where k=0 claim 1 , . . . claim 1 , M−1.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polyphase filters comprise A(z) where A(z) comprises A(z)=Σp[q+bM]z claim 1 , q=0 claim 1 , 1 claim 1 , . . . claim 1 , M−1 after upsampling by a factor of two.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein applying the P/S conversion further comprises:upsampling the permutation outputs after applying the polyphase filters; andperforming a delay chain on the permutation outputs after applying the polyphase filters.8. The method of claim 6 , wherein performing the delay chain on the permutation outputs after applying the polyphase filters comprises generating a summation of the upsampled outputs.9. A method for providing an orthogonal ...

CLASSIFICATION AND SILENCING FOR UPLINK MULTI-USER TRANSMISSIONS IN WLANS

Method, apparatuses, and systems for multi-user (MU) transmission is provided, including scheduling, by an access point (AP), an uplink (UL) MU transmission for a group of wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) in which there is an indication that at least one resource unit (RU) of a plurality of RUs is silenced. The silencing may be based on coordinating with one or more overlapping APs or by analyzing conditions of channels associated with an AP. 111-. (canceled)12. A method carried out by an 802.11 access point (AP) forminimizing interference, the method comprising:generating a high efficiency signal-B (HE-SIG-B) field for an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) signal to be transmitted to a plurality of wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs), wherein the HE-SIG-B field includes an identifier (WTRU-ID) associated with a WTRU, of the plurality of WTRUs, corresponding to a predetermined value that indicates an associated RU is silenced; andtransmitting the OFDMA signal, which includes the HE-SIG-B field that indicates the silenced RU, to the plurality of WTRUs.13. The method of claim 12 , further comprising:determining padding for timing adjustment information of the plurality of WTRUs; andsending padding and timing adjustment information to the plurality of WTRUs.14. The method of claim 12 , further comprising determining to silence the RU of one or more RUs of the OFDMA signal by coordinating with one or more neighboring APs claim 12 , or by analyzing conditions of one or more channels associated with the AP.15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the determining further includes:incrementing at least one storage bucket associated with a packet failure of one or more RUs; andsilencing the one or more RUs associated with the at least one incremented storage bucket.16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the determining further includes:{'b': '26', 'assessing whether a packet failure rate on a tone RU granularity meets a threshold; and'}silencing, on a ...

MULTIMODAL 3D OBJECT INTERACTION SYSTEM

The present disclosure relates to methods and systems for providing a multimodal 3D object interaction to let the user interact with 3D digital object in a natural and realistic way. 1. A 3D object interaction system comprising:a displayer configured to display at least one object in a 3 dimension (3D) view;an eye tracker configured to track a position and an angle of a user's eye;a motion sensor configured to track a user's movement in mid-air; and ["determine whether the user's movement matches a predetermined gesture interaction;", "cause a feedback provider to generate at least one feedback according to the predetermined gesture interaction when the user's movement matches the predetermined gesture interaction; and", "cause the displayer to adjust the object displayed on the displayer according to the position and angle of the user's eye or when the user's movement matches the predetermined gesture interaction."], 'a computing device having circuitry to2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the displayer is a 3D naked eye displayer.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the feedback includes ultrasound haptic feedback claim 1 , visual feedback claim 1 , or audio feedback.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the computing device includes a multimodal interaction engine configured to perform 3D display rendering claim 1 , feedback rendering claim 1 , or gesture recognition and analysis.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the tracked user's movement involves the user's hand or fingers' movement.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the feedback provider generates mid-air haptic feedback.7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the mid-air haptic feedback corresponds to a textural quality of the object or invisible quality of the object.8. A 3D object interaction method comprising:displaying at least one object in a 3 dimension (3D) view on a displayer;tracking a position and an angle of a user's eye and a user's movement in mid-air;determining whether the user's movement matches a ...

SUPERPOSED SIGNALING FOR BANDWIDTH EFFICIENCY

Systems, methods and instrumentalities are disclosed for superposed signaling for bandwidth efficiency in wireless communications. Homogeneous and heterogeneous signals may be superposed on the same channel. Superposed signals may comprise, for example, multi carrier, frequency division and code division signals, including multiple access, e.g., OFDMA and CDMA, signals. Data for various receivers may be dynamically selected for signal superpositioning, for example, based on radio access technology, communication rate (e.g. high and low rates), distance between transmitter and receiver (e.g. near and far signals). Communication rate and power may be allocated to superposed signals. Interference nulling may be applied, for example, by selecting or excluding spreading codes and/or subcarriers. Nulled locations may be used to transmit critical information. Interference shaping may be applied to modify interference, e.g., by transmitting interference symbols using reserved spreading codes. Support information, e.g., code indices, code length and/or subcarriers, may be signaled to support or optimize performance. 1. A network entity comprising:a processor configured, at least in part, to:determine a first data for a first receiver and a second data for a second receiver;determine an auxiliary data comprising correlated interference data for providing correlated interference; andsend the first data, the second data and the auxiliary data superposed on the same channel.2. The network entity of claim 1 , wherein the sending comprises:generating a first signal by applying a first modulation to the first data;generating a second signal by applying a second modulation to the second data;generating the auxiliary signal by applying an auxiliary modulation to the auxiliary data; andtransmitting, wirelessly, the first signal, the second signal and the auxiliary signal superposed on the same channel, the sending of the auxiliary data providing the correlated interference.3. The ...

METHODS AND PROCEDURES TO IMPROVE PHYSICAL LAYER EFFICIENCY USING UNIQUE WORD (UW) DISCRETE FOURIER TRANSFORM SPREAD ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING (DFT-S-OFDM)

Methods, devices, and systems for transmitting information using a unique word (UW) with discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) are described herein. In an example, a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may generate a reference sequence. Further, the WTRU may generate a DMRS sequence based on upsampling of the reference sequence. In an example, the DMRS sequence may include a plurality of repeating sequences. Further, in an example, each repeating sequence may include a head sequence, a reference sequences and a tail sequence. Also, a UW sequence within the DMRS may include one of the repeated head sequences and one of the repeated tail sequences. In addition, the WTRU may generate a DMRS signal based on a waveform operation on the DMRS sequence. The WTRU may then transmit the DMRS signal as a reference signal. 1. A method for use in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) for transmitting information using a unique word (UW) with discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) , the method comprising:generating, by the WTRU, a reference sequence;generating, by the WTRU, a DMRS sequence based on upsampling of the reference sequence, wherein the DMRS sequence includes a plurality of repeating sequences, wherein each repeating sequence includes a head sequence, a reference sequence and a tail sequence, and wherein a UW sequence within the DMRS includes one of the repeated head sequences and one of the repeated tail sequences;generating, by the WTRU, a DMRS signal based on a waveform operation on the DMRS sequence; andtransmitting, by the WTRU, the DMRS signal as a reference signal.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:generating, by the WTRU, a plurality of input vectors, wherein each input vector includes a sequence of data symbols and the UW sequence;generating, by the WTRU, a plurality of DFT-s-OFDM symbols, wherein each DFT-s-OFDM symbol is based on a waveform ...

ENHANCED FRAGMENTED SECTOR LEVEL SWEEP PROCEDURE IN MMW WLAN SYSTEMS

An enhanced sector level sweep procedure is provided herein. A method may include transmitting a plurality of beacon frames in a corresponding plurality of transmit sectors, wherein the plurality of beacon frames are transmitted within a beacon interval. The method may include receiving, from a second communication device, a first transmission including information indicating a first ranking. The first ranking is based on a characteristic of at least a first subset of the transmit sectors. The first transmission is received in a sector corresponding to one of the first subset of transmit sectors. The method may include receiving, from a third communication device, a second transmission including information indicating a second ranking. The second ranking is based on a characteristic of at least a second subset of the transmit sectors. The first transmission is received in a sector corresponding to one of the second subset of transmit sectors. 1. A method performed by a first communication device , the method comprising:transmitting a plurality of beacon frames in a corresponding plurality of transmit sectors, wherein the plurality of beacon frames are transmitted within a beacon interval;receiving, from a second communication device, a first transmission including information indicating a first ranking of at least a first subset of the plurality of transmit sectors, wherein the first ranking is based on a characteristic, observed by the second communication device, of the at least the first subset of the plurality of transmit sectors, wherein the first transmission is received in a sector corresponding to one of the first subset of the plurality of transmit sectors; andreceiving, from a third communication device, a second transmission including information indicating a second ranking of at least a second subset of the plurality of transmit sectors, wherein the second ranking is based on a characteristic, observed by the third communication device, of the at least ...

PHYSICAL (PHY) LAYER SOLUTIONS TO SUPPORT USE OF MIXED NUMEROLOGIES IN THE SAME CHANNEL

A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive a first signal including a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). The PSS and SSS may be received in a resource block of a cell and the resource block may have a first numerology. Further, the first numerology may have a first subcarrier spacing, while other resources of the cell at a same time as the resource block may have a second numerology with a different subcarrier spacing than the first numerology. In addition, the WTRU may determine synchronization based on the PSS and SSS. Also, the WTRU may receive a second signal in the cell, and the second signal may have the second numerology. Moreover, the WTRU may transmit user data. In a further example, the WTRU may search a frequency raster for the PSS and the SSS. 1. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) comprising:a transceiver; and the transceiver is configured to receive a first signal including a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), wherein the PSS and SSS are received in a resource block of a cell, wherein the resource block has a first numerology, wherein the first numerology has a first subcarrier spacing, wherein other resources of the cell at a same time as the resource block have a second numerology with a different subcarrier spacing than the first numerology;', 'the processor is configured to determine synchronization based on the PSS and SSS;', 'the transceiver is configured to receive a second signal in the cell, wherein the second signal has the second numerology; and', 'the transceiver is configured to transmit user data., 'a processor; wherein2. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the transceiver and the processor are further configured to search a frequency raster for the PSS and the SSS.3. The WTRU of claim 2 , wherein the frequency raster varies based on a frequency band being searched.4. The WTRU of claim 3 , wherein the first numerology is based on the ...

THERMALLY CONDUCTIVE SUBSTRATE ARTICLE

A thermally conductive article including a polymeric layer comprising a nonwoven polymeric material. In particular, flexible thermally conductive polymeric layer comprising an epoxy resin and a long-strand polymeric nonwoven material embedded in the epoxy resin. The polymeric nonwoven material may be heat stable at about 280 C. 1. An article comprising:a flexible thermally conductive polymeric layer comprising an epoxy resin and a long-strand polymeric nonwoven material embedded in the epoxy resin.2. The article of wherein the polymeric nonwoven material is heat stable at about 280° C.3. The article of being free standing.4. The article of having a thickness of less than about 50 μm.5. The article of having a thickness of about 15 to about 35 μm.6. The article of wherein the epoxy resin is loaded with one or both of thermally and electrically conductive particles.7. The article of wherein the thermally conductive particles have a thermal conductivity greater than 10 W/m·K.8. The article of wherein the particles have a maximum dimension of about 0.5 to about 20 μm.9. The article of wherein the particles comprise up to about 75 wt % of the epoxy component.10. The article of wherein the nonwoven material is equal to or less than about 50 μm thick.11. The article of wherein the nonwoven material is equal to or less than about 30 μm thick.12. The article of wherein the nonwoven material is equal to or less than about 20 μm thick.13. The article of wherein the nonwoven material is about 10 micrometers to about 20 micrometers thick.14. The article of wherein the nonwoven material is selected from the group consisting of meltblown nonwovens claim 1 , spunbond nonwovens claim 1 , and electrospun nonwovens.15. The article of wherein the nonwoven material has a density less than about 7 g/m.16. The article of wherein the nonwoven material has a density less than about 3 g/m.17. The article of further comprising an electrically conductive layer on one or both sides of the ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MULTI-AP TRANSMISSION WITH UNIFORM COVERAGE

A method for multiple access point (AP) transmission is disclosed. The method comprises receiving a repetition beacon from each of a plurality of APs, each received repetition beacon comprising a common information part and an AP-specific information part; decoding at least a subset of the received common information parts to obtain a first parameter; decoding the received AP-specific information parts to obtain a second parameter for each of the plurality of APs; performing a calculation based on the first parameter, the obtained second parameters and a number of the plurality of APs to obtain a calculation result; and transmitting a feedback based on the calculation result to the plurality of AP. 1. A method for multiple access point (AP) transmission , the method comprising:receiving a plurality of repetition beacons, one from each of a plurality of APs, each of the plurality of repetition beacons comprising a common information part and an AP-specific information part;decoding at least one of the plurality of common information parts to obtain a first parameter;decoding the plurality of AP-specific information parts to obtain a plurality of second parameters, each associated with one of the plurality of APs;generating feedback based on the first parameter and the plurality of second parameters and a number of the plurality of APs; andtransmitting the feedback to at least one of the plurality of APs.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the generating feedback based on the first parameter and the plurality of second parameters and a number of the plurality of APs comprises:performing a calculation based on the first parameter, the plurality of second parameters and the number of the plurality of APs to obtain a calculation result; andgenerating the feedback based on the calculation result.3. The method of further comprising:receiving a multi-AP data transmission from a plurality of APs based on the feedback.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the decoding at least ...

ADAPTATION OF MIMO MODE IN MMW WLAN SYSTEMS

Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for adaptation of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) mode in mmW Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) systems. A first station (STA) may receive a mode change request from a second STA. The mode change request may indicate a mode change for a MIMO mode, a polarization mode, and/or an orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) mode. The mode change request may include one or more STA fields. The one or more STA fields may include a STA field associated with the first STA. Each of the one or more STA fields may include a MIMO mode subfield, a polarization mode subfield, and/or an OFDMA mode subfield. The first STA may change the MIMO mode, the polarization mode, and/or the OFDMA mode, for example, based on the mode change request. The first STA may send a mode change response to the second STA. 1. A first station (STA) comprising: receive, from a second STA, a mode measurement setup frame that indicates the first STA, one or more transmit beams, and one or more of a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) mode, a polarization mode, or an orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) mode;', 'enable one or more of the MIMO mode, the polarization mode, or the OFDMA mode indicated in the mode measurement setup frame;', 'measure the one or more transmit beams during a training period;', 'send, to the second STA, first training feedback associated with the one or more transmit beams;', 'receive, from the second STA, a mode change request that indicates a mode change for one or more of the MIMO mode, the polarization mode, or the OFDMA mode;', 'change one or more of the MIMO mode, the polarization mode, or the OFDMA mode based on the mode change request; and', 'send, to the second STA, a mode change response associated with the change to the one or more of the MIMO mode, the polarization mode, or the OFDMA mode., 'a processor configured to2. The first STA of claim 1 , wherein the training period is a ...

MULTI-USER POWER CONTROL METHODS AND PROCEDURES

Methods and systems for operation in a WLAN are provided. Methods and systems for a transmit power control (TPC) scheme are disclosed. In an embodiment, an access point (AP) may send a trigger frame to one or more stations (STAs) for synchronizing and scheduling uplink (UL) multi-user (MU) transmissions. The trigger frame may contain an open-loop power control index 1 and a power adjustment index 2. The one or more STAs may estimate pathloss using an indicated AP transmit power and received power to set a baseline transmit power. The one or more STAs may adjust their transmit power in the UL transmission period to be the indicated target receive power at the AP. 1. A station (STA) comprising:an antenna; anda processor operative coupled to the antenna;the processor and the antenna configured to receive, from an access point (AP), a downlink (DL) frame that is broadcast to a plurality of STAs as a single transmission, the DL frame comprising, in a medium access control (MAC) header, an indication of a transmit power that the AP used to transmit the DL frame, an indication of a first target receive signal power at the AP of a signal associated with the STA, and an indication of at least a second target receive signal power at the AP of a signal associated with a second STA of the plurality of STAs;the processor and the antenna further configured to measure a received power of the DL frame;the processor configured to calculate a downlink pathloss of the DL frame based on the transmit power of the DL frame that the AP used to transmit the DL frame and the measured received power of the DL frame;the processor further configured to determine a STA transmit power based on the downlink pathloss and the first target receive signal power at the AP; andthe processor and the antenna further configured to send, to the AP, an uplink (UL) frame using the determined STA transmit power.2. The STA of claim 1 , wherein the DL frame is a trigger frame.3. The STA of claim 1 , wherein the ...

Method and apparatus for enhancing cell-edge user performance and signaling radio link failure conditions via downlink cooperative component carriers

A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) receives first timing advances and first power control commands from a first eNodeB and second timing advances and second power control commands from a second eNodeB and transmits, to the first eNodeB, a first physical uplink control channel using a first uplink component carrier. The first physical uplink control channel has a first timing adjusted by the first timing advances but not by the second timing advances and a first power level adjusted by the first power control commands but not by the second power control commands. The WTRU transmits a second physical uplink control channel using a second uplink component carrier. The second physical uplink control channel has a second timing adjusted by the second timing advances but not by the first timing advances and a second power level adjusted by the second power control commands but not by the first power control commands.

METHODS AND SYSTEM FOR MIMO TRANSMISSIONS IN MILLIMETER WAVE WLANS

Methods and an apparatus are disclosed for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and/or single carrier (SC) based multiple input multiple output (MIMO) hybrid beamforming (HBF) including determining the capabilities of a station (STA) such as the capability for hybrid beamforming, single user MIMO (SU-MIMO), and multi user MIMO (MU-MIMO). An announcement frame with a control trailer may be transmitted to signal a transmission configuration. The announcement frame may be a grant frame or a request to send (RTS) frame if the STA is SU-MIMO capable or a RTS frame or a DMG clear to send (CTS)-self frame if the STA is MU-MIMO capable. One or more directional multi-gigabit (DMG) antennas may be configured based on the announcement frame. One or more sounding symbols may be transmitted and feedback may be provided based on the sounding symbols. An HBF signal may be transmitted based on the sounding symbol(s) and/or feedback. 1. A method for use in a station (STA) in a wireless local area network (WLAN) , the method comprising:transmitting an enhanced directional multi-gigabit (EDMG) capabilities element indicating one or more of a hybrid beamforming (HBF) capability of the STA, a single user multiple input multiple output (SU-MIMO) capability of the STA, or a multiple user multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO) capability of the STA;receiving an announcement frame comprising an EDMG HBF control trailer to signal a sounding configuration to be used based on the HBF capability of the STA and one or more of the SU-MIMO capability of the STA or the MU-MIMO capability of the STA;receiving, based on the sounding configuration, a sounding symbol comprising at least one of a channel estimation field (CEF) or a training (TRN) field to enable measurement of a baseband channel by a receiver, wherein at least one of the CEF or TRN field is based on the sounding configuration;transmitting HBF information based on the baseband channel; andreceiving an HBF signal based on ...

METHOD TO ENABLE WIRELESS OPERATION IN LICENSE EXEMPT SPECTRUM

Described herein are methods to enable wireless cellular operation in unlicensed and lightly licensed, (collectively referred to as license exempt spectrum. Cognitive methods are used to enable use of unlicensed bands and/or secondary use of lightly licensed bands. Wireless devices may use licensed exempt spectrum as new bands in addition to the existing bands to transmit to a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) in the downlink direction, or to a base station in the uplink direction. The wireless devices may access license exempt spectrum for bandwidth aggregation or relaying using a carrier aggregation framework. In particular, a primary component carrier operating in a licensed spectrum is used for control and connection establishment and a second component carrier operating in a licensed exempt spectrum is used for bandwidth extension. 1. A method for use in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) , the method comprising:configuring the WTRU for component carrier operation;configuring the WTRU with a primary component carrier for control and connection establishment, the primary component carrier operating in a licensed spectrum; andconfiguring the WTRU with a second component carrier for bandwidth extension, the second component carrier operating in a licensed exempt spectrum,wherein the second component carrier is a non-backward compatible component carrier,wherein the primary component carrier provides the control for the second component carrier with respect to at least scheduling, synchronization, and feedback signaling.2. (canceled)3. The method of claim 1 , wherein cross-carrier scheduling is used to schedule the second component carrier.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a hybrid automatic repeat request is associated with the second component carrier.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:receiving and buffering the second component carrier's downlink shared channel information before a control channel information is completely decoded.6. The ...

ENERGY BALANCING METHOD AND APPARATUS

An energy balancing apparatus and method, and a terminal are provided in the battery field. The apparatus may include a controlled alternating current energy supply, an alternating current energy distribution circuit, filter circuits, rectifier circuits, and a balance control circuit. The controlled alternating current energy supply and an input port of the alternating current energy distribution circuit are connected in parallel, each output port of the alternating current energy distribution circuit and an input side of a corresponding filter circuit are connected in parallel, an output side of each filter circuit and an alternating current side of a corresponding rectifier circuit are connected in parallel, a direct current side of each rectifier circuit and a corresponding battery cell are connected in parallel, each battery cell is connected to the balance control circuit, and the balance control circuit is connected to the controlled alternating current energy supply. 1. An energy balancing apparatus , comprising:a controlled alternating current energy supply, an alternating current energy distribution circuit, filter circuits, rectifier circuits, and a balance control circuit,wherein the alternating current energy distribution circuit comprises N output ports and at least one input port, N is an integer not less than 2, a quantity of the filter circuits is N, frequency intervals corresponding to any two filter circuits do not overlap, a quantity of the rectifier circuits is N, the output ports correspond one-to-one to the filter circuits, the filter circuits correspond one-to-one to the rectifier circuits, and the rectifier circuits correspond one-to-one to battery cells; andthe controlled alternating current energy supply and the input port of the alternating current energy distribution circuit are connected in parallel, the controlled alternating current energy supply is connected to the balance control circuit, and the controlled alternating current energy ...

Interband Cascade Light Emitting Devices

An interband cascade (IC) light emitting device comprising a plurality of interband cascade stages, wherein at least one of the IC stages is constructed to have an electron injector made of one or more QWs, a type-I quantum well (QW) active region, a barrier layer positioned between the active region and the electron injector, a hole injector made of one or more QWs, and a barrier layer positioned between the active region and the hole injector. In at least one embodiment, a type II heterointerface layer is between the electron injector and an adjacent hole injector. The well layer of the type-I QW active region has compressive strain, while the barrier layers which flank the type-I QW active region comprise tensile strain layers. In certain embodiments, the electron injector and the hole injector comprise tensile strained layers.

MULTI-LEVEL SCORE BASED TITLE ENGINE

In response to a data input of a title text string that indicates a title of a person for a job within an organization, title scores are generated for predefined titles in proportion to strength of match to the title text string. A predefined title having the highest title score is selected as a matching title for the title text string input. A person score is generated from the title score of the matching title as a function of other title scores of the predefined titles matched to the person. An organization score is generated as a function of the person score and an occurrence frequency of the matching title associated with the organization. Classification of the matching title within a classification database is updated as a function of one or more of the organization score, the title score and the person score. 1. A method for score-based title assignment , the method comprising:in response to a data input of a title text string that indicates a title of a person for a job within an organization, an automated title engine device:generating title scores in proportion to strength of match to the title text string input for each of a plurality of predefined titles classified within a classification database;selecting a one of the predefined titles having a highest of the generated title scores as a matching title for the title text string input;generating a person score for the person from the title score of the matching title as a function of any other title score of any other of the predefined titles that are matched to the person;generating an organization score as a function of the person score and an occurrence frequency of the matching title associated with the organization; andupdating a classification of the matching title within the classification database as a function of at least one of the organization score, the title score and the person score.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the data input of the title text string further comprises organizational ...

WAVEFORM CODING WITH MODULATION FOR SINGLE-USER AND MULTIPLE-USER TRANSMISSIONS

Methods and apparatuses for performing wake-up radio (WUR) are described herein. A receiving device may comprise a receiver configured to receive a first preamble using a first frequency range. The receiver may be configured to receive, using the first frequency range, a WUR packet after the first preamble, wherein a bandwidth associated with the first WUR packet is smaller than a bandwidth associated with the first preamble. The receiving device may be further configured to receive a second preamble and a second WUR packet, wherein the first preamble is frequency division multiplexed with the second preamble and the first WUR packet is frequency division multiplexed with the second WUR packet, and wherein a bandwidth associated with the second WUR packet is smaller than a bandwidth associated with the second preamble. The first WUR packet and the second WUR packet may have an equal duration of transmission. 1. A receiving device comprising:a receiver configured to receive a first preamble using a first frequency range; andthe receiver configured to receive, using the first frequency range, a first wake-up radio (WUR) packet after the first preamble, wherein a bandwidth associated with the first WUR packet is smaller than a bandwidth associated with the first preamble.2. The receiving device of claim 1 , further configured to receive a second preamble and a second WUR packet claim 1 , wherein the first preamble is frequency division multiplexed with the second preamble and the first WUR packet is frequency division multiplexed with the second WUR packet claim 1 , and wherein a bandwidth associated with the second WUR packet is smaller than a bandwidth associated with the second preamble.3. The receiving device of claim 2 , wherein the first WUR packet and the second WUR packet have an equal duration of transmission.4. The receiving device of claim 1 , wherein the second preamble and the second WUR packet are received using a second frequency range.5. The receiving ...

PHY LAYER MULTIPLEXING OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF TRAFFIC IN 5G SYSTEMS

Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for physical (PHY) layer multiplexing of different types of traffic in 5G systems. A device may receive a communication. The communication may include a first traffic type. The device may monitor the communication for an indication that the communication includes a second traffic type that is multiplexed with and/or punctures the first traffic type. An indicator received in the communication and detected by the monitoring may indicate where the second traffic type is located in the communication. The first traffic type and the second traffic type may be multiplexed at a resource element (RE) level. For example, a first traffic type may be punctured by a second traffic type at the RE level. The device may decode one or more of the first or second traffic types in the communication based on the indication. 120-. (canceled)21. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) comprising: receive a configuration associated with an uplink transmission, wherein the uplink transmission comprises a first traffic type;', 'monitor for an indication, wherein the indication indicates that the first traffic type is punctured;', 'determine that the indication is received;', 'based on the determination that the indication is received, determine a starting symbol of the first traffic type that is punctured based on the indication; and', 'skip transmitting the first traffic type from the starting symbol and until an end of a first traffic type transmission based on the determination., 'a processor configured to22. The WTRU of claim 21 , wherein being configured to monitor for the indication comprises being configured to monitor for a control channel.23. The WTRU of claim 21 , wherein the starting symbol indicates a starting orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol that is punctured to carry a second traffic type.24. The WTRU of claim 21 , wherein the first traffic type is punctured by a second traffic type claim 21 , ...

COLLISION MITIGATION PROCEDURES FOR GRANT-LESS UPLINK MULTIPLE ACCESS

A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive configuration information for a first set of resources and a second set of resources for a grantless physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission. The WTRU may determine data for transmission using the grantless PUSCH transmission. Based on the data, the WTRU may select resources from the first set or the second set for the grantless PUSCH transmission. Further, the WTRU may send the grantless PUSCH transmission including the data using the selected resources. In an example, the sending of the grantless PUSCH transmission may be part of a random access procedure. The random access procedure may be a two-step random access procedure. The random access procedure may be a random access channel (RACH) procedure. The random access procedure may depend upon a double contention pool setting, and the setting may address at least one of a data pool or a control pool. 1. A method performed by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) , the method comprising:receiving configuration information for a first set of resources and a second set of resources for a grantless physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission;determining data for transmission using the grantless PUSCH transmission;based on the data, selecting resources from the first set or the second set for the grantless PUSCH transmission; andsending the grantless PUSCH transmission including the data using the selected resources.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sending of the grantless PUSCH transmission is part of a random access procedure.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the random access procedure is a two-step random access procedure.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the random access procedure is a random access channel (RACH) procedure.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the random access procedure depends upon a double contention pool setting claim 2 , wherein the setting addresses at least one of a data pool or a control pool.6. The method of ...

Cyclic prefix-aligned generalized and n-continuous orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may combine an alignment component with an FDM based symbol to produce a signal such that it is aligned to a duration of a CP of the FDM based symbol at a receiver upon reception. A component may be added to one or more subcarriers of the alignment signal to reduce peak-to-average ratio (PAPR) of the signal.

METHODS AND DEVICES FOR SUB-CHANNELIZED TRANSMISSION SCHEMES IN WLANS

Device, systems, and/or techniques for using sub-channel signaling information between an access point and a first station are disclosed. An uplink trigger sent from the access point to the first station may be received. A map may be transmitted from the first station indicating at least one sub-channel that is available for spatial sharing by a second station. The first station may receive an acknowledgement from the access point that data was transmitted from the second station on the at least one sub-channel and/or received by the at least one access point. An OFDMA transmission having a sub-channel/sub-band available for transmitting data may be determined. An energy in the sub-channel/sub-band may be measured and/or compared to a dynamic and/or static threshold. Whether a sub-channel/sub-band is free or busy may be determined for example based on if the measured energy is, or is not, greater than the threshold. 135-. (canceled)36. A method performed by a first station (STA) in a first Basic Service Set (first BSS) , the method comprising: one or more sub-bands of 20 MHz increments available for Overlapping BSS (OBSS) spatial reuse (OBSS SR); and', 'at least one transmission power threshold for the one or more bands of 20 MHz increments available for the OBSS SR;, 'detecting, via a receiver, information from a trigger frame of an access point (AP) includingconstructing, via a processor, a Physical Layer (PHY) preamble for a transmission, the PHY preamble including a signal field, the constructing including placing in the signal field at least one of: an indication of the one or more subbands of 20 MHz increments available for OBSS SR, or the at least one transmission power threshold for the OBSS SR; andsending, via a transmitter, a transmission including the preamble of a Protocol Data Unit (PDU), at least the preamble being detectable by a second STA in a second BSS.37. The method of claim 36 , wherein the PDU is a Physical Layer Convergence Procedure (PLCP) ...

CHANNEL ACCESS SCHEMES FOR WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK (WLAN) WITH FULL-DUPLEX RADIOS

Methods and apparatuses are described herein for multiple access schemes for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) with full-duplex radios. For example, an access point (AP), in response to receiving a request to send (RTS) from a first station (STA), may transmit a full-duplex clear to send (FD CTS) to the first STA and a full-duplex request to send (FD RTS) to a second STA. In response to transmitting the FD RTS to the second STA, the AP may receive a clear to send (CTS) from the second STA. The AP may transmit, to both the first STA and the second STA, a FD trigger frame that includes scheduling information to enables FD communication with the first STA for uplink (UL) data and the second STA for downlink (DL) data at a same time. The scheduling information may include timing information and channel information for the FD communication. 1. A method for use in an access point (AP) , the method comprising:in response to receiving a request to send (RTS) frame from a first station (STA), transmitting a full-duplex clear to send (FD CTS) frame to the first STA and a full-duplex request to send (FD RTS) frame to a second STA, wherein an FD preamble is appended to at least one of the FD CTS or the FD RTS to enable the AP to perform FD filter estimation;in response to transmitting the FD RTS frame to the second STA, receiving a clear to send (CTS) frame from the second STA; andtransmitting, to both the first STA and the second STA, a full-duplex (FD) trigger frame that includes scheduling information to enable FD communication with the first STA for uplink (UL) data and the second STA for downlink (DL) data at a same time.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the scheduling information in the FD trigger frame includes timing information and channel information for the FD communication claim 1 , wherein the FD trigger fame is aggregated with at least one of a legacy preamble claim 1 , a FD preamble claim 1 , or data.3. (canceled)4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: ...

Semiconductor interband cascade lasers with enhanced optical confinement

A semiconductor interband cascade laser having an outer cladding layer formed from a material selected from the group consisting of a high-doped semiconductor material, a dielectric material and/or a metal, having an outer cladding layer refractive index and/or permittivity; an intermediate cladding layer formed from a semiconductor material having an intermediate cladding layer refractive index and/or permittivity which is greater than the outer cladding layer refractive index and/or permittivity; and a waveguide core having an active region having an active region refractive index and/or permittivity, the active region configured to generate light based on interband transitions, the light defining a lasing wavelength, wherein the intermediate cladding layer is positioned between the outer cladding layer and the waveguide core; and wherein the active region refractive index and/or permittivity is greater than the intermediate cladding layer refractive index and/or permittivity. The waveguide core may further include at least one separate confinement layer (SCL) positioned between the active region and the intermediate cladding layer.

LEVERAGING A SHARED STORAGE POOL TO MANAGE THE HEALTH OF VIRTUAL MACHINES

A system for monitoring the health of virtual machines associated with a shared storage pool (SSP) includes a plurality of virtual machines (VMs), two or more virtual input/output servers (VIOSes) participating in the SSP, and an orchestration node. Each VIOS in the SSP is associated with a respective set of VMs of the plurality of VMs. Each VM is configured to transmit respective health data describing the VM to its associated VIOS. The orchestration node is in communication with each of the two or more VIOSes participating in the SSP, where each VIOS is configured to transmit to the orchestration node the respective health data of each VM in the respective set of VMs associated with the VIOS. The orchestration node is configured to monitor the health of a plurality of VMs associated with the two or more VIOSes participating in the SSP. 1. A system comprising:a plurality of virtual machines (VMs);two or more virtual input/output servers (VIOSes) participating in a shared storage pool (SSP), wherein each VIOS in the SSP is associated with a respective set of VMs of the plurality of VMs;wherein each VM is configured to transmit respective health data describing the VM to its associated VIOS; andan orchestration node in communication with each of the two or more VIOSes participating in the SSP, wherein each VIOS is configured to transmit to the orchestration node the respective health data of each VM in the respective set of VMs associated with the VIOS; andwherein the orchestration node is configured to monitor health of a plurality of VMs associated with the two or more VIOSes participating in the SSP.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , to monitor the health of the plurality of VMs claim 1 , the orchestration node is further configured to:store, in a database associated with the SSP, respective health data of each VM in the plurality of VMs associated with the two or more VIOSes participating in the SSP; andmonitor the health of the plurality of VMs based ...

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR MIMO TRANSMISSION

Methods for multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) transmission are provided herein. A method may include sensing, using at least one of a plurality of antenna chains, radio frequency (RF) energy on a channel in a first time duration and may indicate the channel is busy. RF energy may be sensed on the channel using the at least one of the plurality of antenna chains in a second time duration and may indicate the channel is not busy. A method may include sending energy level sensed during the second time duration, a frame using the at least one of the plurality of antenna chains. The frame may indicate timing information associated with a MIMO transmission. The MIMO transmission may be sent using the indicated timing information and the at least one of the plurality of antenna chains. 1. A station (STA) , the STA comprising:a processor; anda transceiver;the processor and the transceiver configured to sense, using at least one of a plurality of antenna chains, radio frequency (RF) energy on a channel in a first time duration, wherein the level of RF energy sensed during the first time duration indicates that the channel is busy;the processor and the transceiver configured to sense, using the at least one of the plurality of antenna chains, RF energy on the channel in a second time duration, wherein the level of RF energy sensed during the second time duration indicates that the channel is not busy;the processor and the transceiver configured to, based on the energy level sensed during the second time duration, send a frame using the at least one of the plurality of antenna chains, wherein the frame indicates timing information associated with a multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) transmission to be sent by the STA; andthe transceiver configured to send the MIMO transmission on the channel using the indicated timing information and the at least one of the plurality of antenna chains.2. The STA of claim 1 , wherein the frame is a request-to-send (RTS) frame.3. The STA ...

Method and apparatus for operating supplementary cells in licensed exempt spectrum

A method and apparatus for operating supplementary cells in licensed exempt (LE) spectrum. An aggregating cell operating in a frequency division duplex (FDD) licensed spectrum is aggregated with a LE supplementary cell operating in a time sharing mode for uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) operations. The LE supplementary cell may be an FDD supplementary cell dynamically configurable between an UL only mode, a DL only mode, and a shared mode, to match requested UL and DL traffic ratios. The LE supplementary cell may be a time division duplex (TDD) supplementary cell. The TDD supplementary cell may be dynamically configurable between multiple TDD configurations. A coexistence capability for coordinating operations between the LE supplementary cell with other systems operating in the same channel is provided. Coexistence gaps are provided to measure primary/secondary user usage and permit other systems operating in the LE supplementary cell channel to access the channel.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ADVANCED SPATIAL MODULATION IN 5G SYSTEMS

Systems and methods described herein are provided for radiation pattern and modulation (RPM) based on channel-state information (CSI). The method may comprise receiving a set of bits; dividing the set of bits into at least three groups, wherein at least one group is size limited by a diversity order and selection factor applied by a CSI controller; mapping the groups to distinct control signals; generating a modulated RF signal and selecting at least one configurable antenna and a configuration of said at least one antenna based on the control signals; and transmitting the modulated RF signal through the at least one configured antenna. 1. A method comprising:a joint modulation controller of a transmitter receiving at least one operating condition parameter of the transmitter, channel state information, and channel rank information;the joint modulation controller determining at least one diversity order and antenna_selection factor based on the received at least one operating condition parameter;receiving as input at the transmitter a set of information bits;dividing the set of information bits into a plurality of groups, wherein at least one group is either a signal space keying group or a radiation pattern/polarization group having a_size limited by the diversity order determined by the joint modulation controller;mapping a first group to a plurality of signal space based modulation formats;mapping the at least one group and each other group to a control signal for a configurable feature of a transmitter system;generating and modulating a plurality of base signals according to the mapping of the first group onto the modulation format, each of the plurality of base signals generated by a selected number of transmit radio frequency chains using spatial multiplexing, the selected number of transmit radio frequency chains being based on the channel rank information;configuring at least one configurable feature of a configurable antenna of the transmitter system based ...

TRANSMIT DIVERSITY FOR UPLINK CONTROL CHANNEL USING DISCRETE FOURIER TRANSFORM SPREAD ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING (DFT-S-OFDM) WAVEFORMS

Methods and apparatuses are described herein for transmit diversity in an uplink control channel. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may perform a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) precoding operation on a data symbol sequence segment to generate a DFT precoded segment. The WTRU may then perform a Space Frequency Block Coding (SFBC) operation on the DFT precoded segment to generate a SFBC processed segment. The data symbols of the DFT precoded segment may be reordered in the SFBC processed segment. The WTRU may map the DFT precoded segment to a first set of contiguous subcarriers and the SFBC processed segment to a second set of contiguous subcarriers. The WTRU may then transmit a first DFT spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) signal on the first set of contiguous subcarriers via a first antenna port and a second DFT-s-OFDM signal on the second set of contiguous subcarriers via a second antenna port. 1. A method for use in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) , the method comprising:splitting a data symbol input sequence into one or more data symbol sequence segments, wherein a number of the one or more data symbol sequence segments is determined based on at least one of a channel delay spread, a modulation order, or a bandwidth allocation;performing a first Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) precoding operation on a first data symbol sequence segment from the one or more data symbol sequence segments to generate a first DFT precoded segment;performing a first Space Frequency Block Coding (SFBC) operation on the first DFT precoded segment to generate a first SFBC processed segment, wherein data symbols of the first DFT precoded segment is reordered in the first SFBC processed segment;mapping the first DFT precoded segment to a first set of contiguous subcarriers and the first SFBC processed segment to a second set of contiguous subcarriers; andtransmitting a first Discrete Fourier Transform spread Orthogonal Frequency Division ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MODULATION OF MILLIMETER WAVES AND PREAMBLE DESIGN

Modulating millimeter waves may be embodied via a plurality of means. In at least one embodiment of the process disclosed herein, the process includes receiving, at a transmitter, a set of bits. The process also includes generating at least two complex-valued symbols based on the set of bits using a pipelined modulation at least in part by (i) mapping the set of bits to a first symbol using a first constellation mapping and (ii) mapping the set of bits to a second symbol using a second constellation mapping. The process also includes selecting a first data communication resource in a first single carrier channel for the first symbol and selecting a second data communication resource in a second single carrier channel for the second symbol. The process also includes transmitting, via the transmitter, the first and second symbols using the respective selected data communication resources. 1. A method comprising:receiving, at a transmitter, a set of bits;generating at least two complex-valued symbols based on the set of bits using a pipelined modulation at least in part by (i) mapping the set of bits to a first symbol using a first constellation mapping and (ii) mapping the set of bits to a second symbol using a second constellation mapping, wherein the first constellation mapping and the second constellation mapping each map the set of bits to different constellation signal points;selecting a first data communication resource in a first single carrier channel for the first symbol and selecting a second data communication resource in a second single carrier channel for the second symbol; and,transmitting, via the transmitter, the first and second symbols using the respective selected data communication resources.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first single carrier channel and the second single carrier channel have the same center frequency and the first data communication resource is a first spatial stream of a MIMO transmission and the second data communication ...

PHYSICAL (PHY) LAYER SOLUTIONS TO SUPPORT USE OF MIXED NUMEROLOGIES IN THE SAME CHANNEL

A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU), using mixed numerologies, may, in a first codeword, map a first set of bits to a higher order modulation scheme and a second set of bits to a lower order scheme, and transmit the first codeword. The WTRU may determine that data of the first codeword is to be re-transmitted on a second codeword, containing the same number of bits as the first codeword. In the second codeword, the WTRU may map a first set of bits to the lower order scheme and a second set of bits to the higher order scheme. The first set of bits of the second codeword may contain the same number of bits as the second set of bits of the first codeword and may contain at least a subset of data in the first set of bits of the first codeword. The WTRU may transmit the second codeword. 129-. (canceled)30. A method for use in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) using mixed numerologies , the method comprising:mapping, by the WTRU, a first set of bits in a first codeword to a higher order modulation scheme and a second set of bits in the first codeword to a lower order modulation scheme;transmitting, by the WTRU, the first codeword;determining, by the WTRU, that data of the first codeword is to be re-transmitted on a second codeword, wherein the second codeword contains the same number of bits as the first codeword;mapping, by the WTRU, a first set of bits in the second codeword to the lower order modulation scheme and a second set of bits in the second codeword to the higher order modulation scheme; andtransmitting, by the WTRU, the second codeword.31. The method of claim 30 , wherein the first set of bits of the second codeword contains the same number of bits as the second set of bits of the first codeword and contains at least a subset of data in the first set of bits of the first codeword.32. The method of claim 30 , further comprising:receiving, by the WTRU, an assignment message from an eNode-B including instructions regarding partition determination and ...

ENHANCED FRAGMENTED SECTOR LEVEL SWEEP PROCEDURE IN MMW WLAN SYSTEMS

Devices, methods, and systems for scheduling of an enhanced sector level sweep (SLS). A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) monitors beacon frames transmitted from one or more access points associated with the WTRU. The WTRU receive the beacon frames over multiple transmission sectors during a time interval. The WTRU then compiles the transmission sectors information in a list and ranks the sectors in the list, based on the sectors' characteristics. Then, the WTRU transmits the list over one sector of the list to the one or more access points. 1. A method for use in a first communication device , the method comprising:monitoring, by a first communication device, a plurality of beacon frames transmitted from at least a second communication device associated with the first communication device;receiving, by the first communication device, the beacon frames over a plurality of transmission sectors during a time interval;compiling, by the first communication device, a list of the transmission sectors where the beacon frames are received;ranking, by the first communication device, the transmission sectors in the list based on a characteristic of the transmission sectors; andtransmitting, by the first communication device, the list of the transmission sectors over at least one of the plurality of transmission sectors to the second communication device.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first communication device and the second communication device are one of: a wireless transmit receive unit claim 1 , a wireless station (STA) claim 1 , an access point (AP) claim 1 , or a base station.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the time interval is a beacon interval (BI) comprising at least one of a beacon transmission interval (BTI) or an association beamforming training (A-BFT).4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the characteristic of the transmission sectors comprise at least one of received signal strength indication (RSSI) claim 1 , signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) claim 1 , ...

MENSTRUAL DEVICE AND APPLICATOR SYSTEM

A menstrual device having a storage volume. The menstrual device has a frame and a fluid barrier seal layer attached to the exterior surface of the frame. The menstrual device has an expanded configuration that includes an at rest configuration and a deployed configuration. The menstrual device has a compact configuration where the menstrual device is confined to a size, shape and/or geometry smaller than an expanded configuration such that it can be more easily inserted into the body. The menstrual device in a compact configuration is contained within an applicator, where the applicator assists in ejecting the menstrual device into the body. 1. A menstrual device comprising:a frame having a side wall with an exterior surface and an interior surface, the side wall extends between a proximal end, and a distal end, and the interior surface at least in part defines an interior cavity; anda fluid barrier seal layer disposed on the exterior surface of the side wall, the fluid barrier seal layer attached directly to the exterior surface about at least a first end point;wherein the menstrual device collects fluid,wherein the menstrual device has a device length defined by a central vertical axis between the proximal end and the distal end, andwherein the menstrual device is configurable in a compact configuration and in an expanded configuration, and in the expanded configuration the interior cavity has a volume greater than zero.2. The menstrual device according to claim 1 , wherein the distal end has an interior surface and the interior cavity is defined by the interior surface of the side wall and the interior surface of the distal end.3. The menstrual device according to claim 2 , wherein the fluid barrier seal layer is disposed on less than all of the exterior surface of the side wall.4. The menstrual device according to claim 2 , wherein the fluid barrier seal layer is disposed on all of the exterior surface of the side wall.5. The menstrual device of claim 4 , ...

MANAGEMENT OF VIRTUAL MACHINE HEALTH USING DUAL DATABASES

A system includes a plurality of virtual machines (VMs), a shared storage pool (SSP) configured to store health information for the plurality of VMs, and a plurality of virtual input/output servers (VIOSs) participating in the shared storage pool (SSP). Each VIOS is associated with a respective group of VMs of the plurality of VMs and is configured to receive health data for each VM of the respective group of VMs. The system also includes a health information database associated with each VIOS of the plurality of VIOSs, the health information database configured to store a subset of the health data for each VM of the respective group of VMs. Each VIOS is configured to transmit the health data for each VM of the respective group of VM to the SSP, and in parallel, store the subset of the health data in the health information database. 1. A system comprising:a plurality of virtual machines (VMs);a shared storage pool (SSP) configured to store health information for the plurality of VMs;a plurality of virtual input/output servers (VIOSs) participating in the shared storage pool (SSP), wherein each VIOS is associated with a respective group of VMs of the plurality of VMs and is configured to receive health data for each VM of the respective group of VMs; anda health information database associated with each VIOS of the plurality of VIOSs, the health information database configured to store a subset of the health data for each VM of the respective group of VMs,wherein each VIOS is configured to transmit the health data for each VM of the respective group of VM to the SSP, and in parallel, store the subset of the health data in the health information database.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the subset of the health data is a copy of at least a portion of the health data stored in the SSP.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the health information database is a local database that resides on each VIOS.4. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an orchestration node ...

NETWORK HANDOVER METHOD AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE

In a network handover method disclosed in this application, when an electronic device accesses a first mobile network by using the first SIM card, the electronic device obtains network information of the first mobile network in a process in which the electronic device moves along a first route. When the electronic device predicts, according to the obtained network information of the first mobile network, that an exception is going to occur in the first mobile network, the electronic device accesses the second mobile network by using the second SIM card. In this technical solution, an electronic device having a dual SIM card can be handed over from a first mobile network to a second mobile network in advance when it is predicted that an exception is going to occur in the first mobile network, thereby reducing the possibility of frame freezing or network disconnecting when a user accesses the Internet. 1. A network handover method , wherein the method is implemented in an electronic device , the electronic device comprises a first subscriber identity module (SIM) card and a second SIM card , and the method comprises:when accessing a first mobile network by using a first SIM card, obtaining network information of the first mobile network in a process in which the electronic device moves along a first route, wherein the first route is a route between a first location and a second location; and;when the electronic device predicts, according to the obtained network information of the first mobile network, that the electronic device moves along the first route and that a first exception occurs in the first mobile network, accessing, by the electronic device, a second mobile network at a third location on the first route by using the second SIM card, wherein the third position is located between the first position and the second position.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein after accessing claim 1 , by the electronic device claim 1 , the second mobile network at a ...

DYNAMIC ADDRESS TRANSLATION FOR A VIRTUAL MACHINE

Method, system, and computer program product for dynamic address translation for a virtual machine are disclosed. The method includes obtaining a memory portion from a memory space, in response to a request for building a shadow dynamic address translation table, wherein the memory space is allocated for at least one guest operation system and wherein the shadow dynamic address translation table includes a mapping between at least one guest logic memory address and at least one host physical memory address. The method further includes building the shadow dynamic address translation table and storing the shadow dynamic address translation table in the memory portion. 1. A computer-implemented method comprising:in response to a request for building a shadow dynamic address translation table, obtaining a memory portion from a memory space, wherein the memory space is allocated for at least one guest operation system, and wherein the shadow dynamic address translation table includes a mapping between at least one guest logic memory address and at least one host physical memory address; obtaining a guest logical memory address to be translated from the request of building the shadow dynamic address translation table;', 'obtaining a guest dynamic address translation table including one or more mappings between one or more guest logical memory addresses and one or more guest physical memory addresses, from a guest operation system;', 'searching the guest dynamic address translation table with the guest logical memory address to obtain a guest physical memory address;', 'obtaining a host logical memory address based on the guest physical memory address;', 'obtaining a host dynamic address translation table including one or more mappings between one or more host logical memory addresses and one or more host physical memory addresses, from a host operation system;', 'searching the host dynamic address translation table with the host logical memory address to obtain a host ...

PHY LAYER MULTIPLEXING OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF TRAFFIC IN 5G SYSTEMS

Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for physical (PHY) layer multiplexing of different types of traffic in 5G systems. A device may receive a communication. The communication may include a first traffic type. The device may monitor the communication for an indication that the communication includes a second traffic type that is multiplexed with and/or punctures the first traffic type. An indicator received in the communication and detected by the monitoring may indicate where the second traffic type is located in the communication. The first traffic type and the second traffic type may be multiplexed at a resource element (RE) level. For example, a first traffic type may be punctured by a second traffic type at the RE level. The device may de code one or more of the first or second traffic types in the communication based on the indication. 1. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) that comprises:a processor, configured to:receive a communication from a network entity, wherein the communication includes a first traffic type;monitor the communication for an indicator, wherein to monitor the communication for the indicator comprises being configured to monitor a control channel in the communication for the indicator;determine that the indicator is included in the communication;determine that the communication is punctured by a second traffic type based on the indicator and determine a symbol associated with the second traffic type in the communication based on the indicator; anddecode at least one of the first traffic type or the second traffic type based on the indicator.2. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the second traffic type is a low-latency traffic type claim 1 , and wherein the low-latency traffic type has a latency requirement that is shorter than the first traffic type.3. (canceled)4. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the first traffic type is an enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB) traffic type claim 1 , and the second traffic type is an ultra- ...

CONTROL METHOD, DATA PROCESSING DEVICE AND EXPANSION DEVICE

A control method includes making, by a first interaction component, a wireless connection according to a connection rule in response to the first interaction component switching from a first state to a second state; and making, by a second interaction component, the wireless connection according to the connection rule in response to the second interaction component switching from the first state to the second state. 1. A control method comprising:making, by a first interaction component, a wireless connection according to a connection rule in response to the first interaction component switching from a first state to a second state; andmaking, by a second interaction component, the wireless connection according to the connection rule in response to the second interaction component switching from the first state to the second state.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein:the first state refers to a state that an interaction component is in contact with a target contact surface and the second state refers to a state that the interaction component is separated from the target contact surface; orthe first state refers to that an interaction component is communicatively connected with a target device, and the second state refers to that the interaction component is communicatively disconnected from the target device.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein:the wireless connection is a Bluetooth connection or a Wi-Fi connection.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein:the first interaction component is a left-channel earphone of a wireless headset and the second interaction component is a right-channel earphone of the wireless headset; orthe first interaction component is the right-channel earphone of the wireless headset and the second interaction component is the left-channel earphone of the wireless headset.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the connection rule includes:an interaction component attempts to connect with another interaction ...

Method and apparatus for processing data

Method and apparatus for processing data are disclosed. The method may include: sorting to-be-compressed at least one piece of data in a predetermined order; for a sorted piece of data, in response to the data having a common prefix with a previous piece of data of the piece of data, adding the common prefix to a common prefix set; dividing the sorted at least one piece of data into at least one group based on the common prefix set and determining a common prefix of each group; and storing, for a group in the at least one group, a common prefix of the group and a non-common prefix portion of each piece of data in the group, and recording a common prefix corresponding to each piece of data in the each group and a shared length between the each piece of data and the common prefix.

MIMO CHANNEL ACCESS

A single input single output (SISO) data transmission may solicit a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) rank adaptation information. A number of transmit chain for transmission may be determined, e.g., by an access point (AP). A physical layer convergence procedure (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU) may be transmitted, e.g., to a station (STA). The PPDU may include data and training (TRN) sequences. The number of TRN sequences may be equal to the number of transmit chains. The PPDU may include information associated with the determined number of transmit chains for transmission. Feedback may be received, e.g., from the STA. The feedback may include information that identifies a transmit chain associated with the transmitted TRN sequences and/or a channel measurement associated with the identified transmit chain. A subsequent PPDU may be transmitted based on the channel measurement associated with the identified transmit chain from the received feedback. 1. A device comprising:a transceiver; and determine a number of transmit chains for transmission;', 'transmit, to a station (STA), a first physical layer convergence procedure (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU) that comprises data and training (TRN) sequences, wherein a number of the TRN sequences is equal to the number of transmit chains for transmission, and wherein the first PPDU comprises information associated with the determined number of transmit chains for transmission;', 'receive feedback, from the STA, wherein the feedback comprises information that identifies a transmit chain associated with a channel measurement and the TRN sequences; and', 'transmit, to the STA, a second PPDU based on the channel measurement associated with the identified transmit chain., 'a processor configured to2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the feedback further comprises a directional multi-gigabit (DMG) PPDU transmitted with at least one of a single-input and single-output (SISO) or a multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) ...

COEXISTENCE OF OFDM AND ON-OFF KEYING (OOK) SIGNALS IN WLAN

A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) or access point (AP) may generate a protocol data unit (PDU) of a first 802.11 protocol and a preamble and data of a second 802.11 protocol. The preamble and data of the second 802.11 protocol may be arranged on resources of the PDU of the first 802.11 protocol with shaping sequences for concurrent transmission. 1. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) comprising:a processor configured to generate a protocol data unit (PDU) including a first preamble, a first 802.11 protocol preamble, and first 802.11 protocol data on one or more resource units (RUs) of a first 802.11 protocol and to generate a second 802.11 protocol preamble and second 802.11 protocol data on the one or more RUs, wherein the second 802.11 protocol preamble and the second 802.11 protocol data overlap in time with the first 802.11 protocol preamble; anda transmitter configured to transmit the second 802.11 protocol preamble and the second 802.11 protocol data concurrently with the first preamble, the first 802.11 protocol preamble, and the first 802.11 protocol data, wherein one or more shaping sequences in a frequency domain are utilized for one or more on-off keying (OOK) symbols to transmit the second 802.11 protocol preamble and the second 802.11 protocol data.2. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the second 802.11 protocol preamble and the second 802.11 protocol data are arranged by the WTRU without overlap in time with the first 802.11 protocol preamble.3. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the second 802.11 protocol preamble and the second 802.11 protocol data are arranged by the WTRU completely within the one or more RUs of the first 802.11 protocol.4. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the first preamble claim 1 , the first 802.11 protocol preamble claim 1 , and the first 802.11 protocol data are part of an 802.11ax physical layer convergence procedure (PLCP) PDU (PPDU).5. The WTRU of claim 1 , wherein the first 802.11 protocol is 802.11ax and the second 802.11 ...

RECEIVER ASSISTED TRANSMISSIONS IN NRU

Receiver assisted channel access may be used during a channel occupancy time (COT). A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) that is a member of a first group may receive a preamble in a first time slot set, and determine a group associated with the first time slot. On a condition that the group associated with the first time slot set is the first group, the WTRU may monitor the channel for a request-to-send (RTS) signal in the first slot set. On a condition that the RTS signal is received, the WTRU may perform listen-before-talk (LBT) on the channel. On a condition that the LBT is successful, the WTRU may transmit a clear-to-send (CTS) on the channel and access the channel in the first time slot. On a condition that the LBT is unsuccessful, the WTRU may not access the channel in the first time slot set. 1. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) configured to perform receiver assisted channel access during a channel occupancy time (COT) , the WTRU comprising:a transceiver; anda processor, whereinthe processor is configured to determine that the WTRU is a member of a first group;the transceiver is configured to receive a first preamble in a first time slot set of the COT;the processor is configured to determine a group associated with the first time slot set based on the first preamble;the transceiver is configured to, on a condition that the group associated with the first time slot set is the first group, monitor the channel for a first request-to-send (RTS) signal in the first time slot set;on a condition that the transceiver receives the first RTS signal: the transceiver is configured to, on a condition that the first LBT is successful, transmit a first clear-to-send (CTS) on the channel and access the channel in the first time slot for uplink or downlink communications; and', 'the transceiver is configured, on a condition that the first LBT is unsuccessful, to monitor the channel for another preamble in a subsequent time slot set in the COT., 'the transceiver is ...

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR FASTER THAN NYQUIST RATE MULTI-CARRIER MODULATION

The disclosure pertains to methods and apparatus for Faster than Nyquist (FTN) modulation schemes to increase throughput in multicarrier communication systems and wherein the latency problem inherent in filter bank multicarrier systems (FBMC) is reduced or eliminated by using non-orthogonal waveforms (i.e., faster than Nyquist modulation) in only part(s) of the subframe or packet and orthogonal waveforms in other part(s). The number and spacing between FTN pulses may be selected such that the last sample of the last pulse is received within the time slot allocated to the subframe/packet, thereby eliminating added latency. The FTN modulation scheme may be employed both temporally and in frequency (e.g., the frequency spacing of the channels may be tighter than the Nyquist frequency spacing condition. FTN signaling also may be used as a method to control/coordinate interference between different nodes. For instance, if a node uses FTN, more pulses may be packed into a given period in the time domain and/or more channels may be packed into a given bandwidth in the frequency domain, hence some parts of the band may be vacated for use by others, use by the same node for additional channels, or used with reduced power. The interference control/coordination may be extended to time and frequency. Such FTN schemes may be used with different types of multicarrier systems. 1. A method of filter bank multicarrier modulation of an input signal comprising:receiving a plurality of streams of symbols, each stream for transmission on a different carrier frequency; andmodulating each stream of symbols onto a respective carrier frequency such that, in each modulated stream, some of the symbols are temporally spaced at a rate faster than a Nyquist rate and some of the symbols are temporally spaced at or below the Nyquist rate.2. The method of wherein each modulated stream comprises at least one data packet claim 1 , each data packet comprising a plurality of symbols and being assigned ...