METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING ALCOHOLS AND/OR ACIDS

METHOD and SYSTEM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ALCOHOLS and/or acids THE REGION OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates down systems and methods of an improvement in the general catching of carbon and/or increase in the total effectiveness before the processes, which include microbiological fermentation. In particular, invention relates down an improvement in the general catching of carbon and/or an increase in the total effectiveness before the processes, which include the microbiological fermentation of the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON2.

PREVIOUS TECHNOLOGICAL LEVEL

In the entire world ethanol rapidly becomes basic rich by hydrogen liquid motor propellant. Consumption of ethanol in the entire world in 2005. about the estimations composed 12,2 billions, gallons. About the forecasts, the production of ethanol fuel also will continue grow in the future because of the increased interest before ethanol in Europe, Japan, USA and in several developing countries.

For example, in the USA ethanol uses for the production of the mixtures BY IT, which are 10% mixture of ethanol before the gasoline. Before the mixtures BY IT ethanol component acts as the enriching by oxygen agent, which improves the effectiveness of combustion and decreasing the isolation of the atmospheric pollutants. In Brazil ethanol down 30% satisfies the need at the point of the motor fuel both as the enriching by oxygen agent before the mixture for the sake of the gasoline and as the clean fuel by itself. In Europe ecological problems around the consequences of the ejections of gases, which produce the greenhouse effect (GHG, Green Of house Of gases), also became stimulus for the setting by the European Union (European Union) for of the sanctioned purposes of the consumption of the ecologically rational forms of motor fuel, such as ethanol, obtained on the basis of biomass.

The overwhelming majority of fuel ethanol is obtained by means of the traditional methods of fermentation on the basis of yeast(s), which as the sole source of carbon use the carbohydrates, obtained from the cultural plants, such as the saccharose, from the sugar cane, or the starch, from the cereal crops. Nevertheless, the cost of this source carbohydrate material influences its value as food products for the people and fodders for animals, and cultivation of the cultures, which give starch or saccharose, for the production of ethanol it is economically irrational in all natural regions. Therefore the development of the technologies of the transformation of the cheaper and/or more abundant sources of carbon beside fuel ethanol is of interest.

Is the basic, cheap, rich by energy by-product of the incomplete combustion of the organic materials, such as coal or the oil and petroleum products. For example, they report that steelmaking in Australia is produced and it separates beside the atmosphere more than 500000 tons yearly.

Additionally or it is alternative the flows of gas, enriched (synthetic gas), it is possible to obtain by means of the gasification of the carbonaceous materials, such as coal, oil and biomass. Carbonaceous materials can be beside the gaseous products, which include,02,2 and smaller quantities4 by gasification with the use of diverse methods, which include pyrolysis, the cracking of tar and the gasification of semicoke. Synthetic gas can be also obtained before the process of the steam reforming, such as the steam reforming of methane or natural gas. Methane can be beside hydrogen and mono-oxide of carbon and/or the dioxide of carbon via the reforming of methane before the presence of metallic catalyst. For example, the steam reforming of methane occurs, it is as shown lower:

4 + Of20 - > WITH +2 (1)

BASED ON +20 - >02 + Of2 (2)

At present in the entire world the essential share of hydrogen is produced by means of this process. The attempts to use hydrogen, obtained before the reactions given above, before the technology with the use of fuel cells, in essence, are unsuccessful in connection with the presence of the mono-oxide of carbon, which in the characteristic case is poisonous for the catalysts of fuel cells. For the transformation of the gases, which consist, in essence, from and/or BASED ON hydrogen ([N]2) beside the diverse forms of fuel and the chemical substances it is possible to use other catalytic processes. Microorganisms can be also used for the transformation of these gases beside the fuel- and chemical substances. For the transformation of these gases beside the fuel- and chemical substances it is possible to also use microorganisms. These biological processes, although they beside the entire slower than chemical reactions, possess several advantages in comparison with the catalytic processes, which include high specificity, higher outputs, lower expenditures of energy and higher stability to the poisoning.

The ability of microorganisms grow on as the sole source of carbon it was for the first time opened in 1903. More lately they defined, that this ability is the property of the organisms, which use for the autotrophic increase biochemical way of acetylcoenzyme A (acetyl Of) (also the known as biochemical way of Wood -[Lyungdalya] and the biochemical way of dehydrogenase of the mono-oxide of carbon/of synthase acetyl Of (CODH/ACS)). Is shown that the large number of anaerobic microorganisms, which include the, photosynthesizing, and acetogenic organisms, they metabolize to different end products, namely02,2, methane, n-butanol, acetate and ethanol. All such organisms, using as the sole source of carbon, produce at least two of these end products.

It is shown that the anaerobic bacteria, such as bacteria of the kind Of clostridium, produce ethanol from,02 and2 by means of the biochemical way acetyl Of.

For example, different strains Of clostridium of ljungdahlii, which produce ethanol from the gases, are described before the following documents: WO 00/68407, 117309, patents US 5173429, US 5593886 and US 6368819, WO 98/00558 and WO 02/08438. It is also known that the bacterium Of clostridium of autoethanogenum sp produces ethanol from the gases (Abrini et al, Archives of Of microbiology 161, pp. 345-351 (1994)).

Nevertheless, the production of ethanol by microorganisms by means of the fermentation of gases in the characteristic case is accompanied by the joint production of acetate and/or acetic acid. Since a certain part of accessible carbon in the characteristic case more probably is converted beside acetate/acetic acid, than beside ethanol, the efficiency of the production of ethanol with the application of such processes of fermentation can be less than it is necessary.

Despite the fact that the by-product, which is acetate/acetic acid, can be used for some other purposes, the problem of the utilization of withdrawals can also arise. Acetate/acetic acid is converted by microorganisms beside methane, and therefore there exists the possibility of its participation before the ejections of the gases, which produce the greenhouse effect (GHG, Green Of house Of gases).

Before the documents WO 2007/117157 and WO 2008/115080, whose description is set in this operation by means of the reference, are described the methods of obtaining alcohols, in particular, ethanol, by means of the anaerobic fermentation of the gases, which contain the mono-oxide of carbon. Acetate, obtained as the by-product of the process of fermentation, described before the document WO 2007/117157, is converted beside the gas hydrogen and gas the dioxide of carbon, where both these gases can be used before the process of anaerobic fermentation.

The fermentation of the gaseous substrata, which contain, with obtaining of the products, such as acids and alcohols, in the characteristic case occurs in favor acid.

The productivity of alcohol can be increased by the methods, known in this area of technology, which are described, for example, before the following documents: WO 2007/117157, WO 2008/115080, WO 2009/022925 and WO 2009/064200, completely set in this operation by means of the reference.

Before the documents US 7078201 and WO 02/08438 are also described the methods of fermentation for the production of ethanol by the variation of the conditions (for example, the pH and of oxidation-reduction potential) of liquid nutrient medium, before which is conducted the fermentation. As it is described before the given publications, similar methods can be used for the production of other alcohols, such as butanol.

Microbiological fermentation before the presence Of2 can bring actually down the complete transformation of carbon before the alcoholic nevertheless, in the absence the sufficiency Of2, certain fraction is converted beside alcohol, whereas considerable proportion is converted beside02, as shown before the following equations:

6[SO] + OF20 - >2[N]5[ON] + of 4[S]02

12[N]2 + of 4[S]02 - > 2[S]2[N]5[ON] + of 6[N]20

Obtaining02 decreases the effectiveness of the general catching of carbon, and during its liberation also there is a possibility of its participation before the ejections of the gases, which possess greenhouse effect. Furthermore, dioxide of carbon and other containing the carbon content connections, such as methane, that are formed before the process of gasification, can also be freed beside the atmosphere, if they are not consumed before the united fermentative reaction.

The task of present invention consists besides the development of system (systems) and/or method (methods), the deficiencies, known against the technological level, and before the guarantee of a society for the sake of the new methods of the optimum production of a number of useful products.

ESSENCE OF THE INVENTION

According to the first aspect before the invention is proposed the method of the production of products from the flow of gas, obtained before the process of the production of methanol, that includes the following stages:

1) Transformation at least of the part of the flow of gas, which contains methane, beside the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON2; 2) the anaerobic fermentation at least of part BASED ON it is not necessary2 from the stage (1) with obtaining of liquid products.

Before the concrete forms of the realization of invention the gas is converted beside the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON2, by means of the catalytic oxidation. Before the concrete forms of the realization at least of the part of such components as H2S,02, 02 and/or N2, move away from the gas before the catalytic oxidation.

To specialists in this area of technology are known the methods of removal of one or more than components besides the flow of gas. Additionally or they enrich the alternatively methane component of the flow of gas before the catalytic oxidation.

Before the concrete forms of realization the method includes the transmission of the flow of the gas, which contains BASED ON2, beside the fusion reactor of methanol, where at least part of the gas is converted beside methanol. Before the concrete forms of realization at least the part of the flow of gas, which contains BASED ON2, they pass beside the bioreactor for production of one or more liquid products by microbiological fermentation. Before the concrete forms of realization the flow of gas, which contains BASED ON2, they pass beside the bioreactor, after which pass it beside the reactor for the synthesis of methanol. Before another form of the realization of the flow of gas, which contains BASED ON2, they pass beside the bioreactor after its output based on the reactor for the synthesis of methanol.

Before the concrete forms of the realization different of aspects as a result of anaerobic fermentation described above are obtained the products, which include acid (acids) and alcohol (alcohols) from and is not necessary2. Before the concrete forms of realization anaerobic fermentation is conducted before the bioreactor, where one or more than the cultures of microorganisms converts and is not necessary2 beside the products, which include acid (acids) and/or alcohol (alcohols). Before some forms of realization the product is ethanol. Before the concrete forms of realization the acid is acetate.

Before the concrete forms of realization the culture of microorganisms is the culture of bacteria. Before some forms of realization the bacteria are selected from the following kinds: Clostridium, Moorella and Carboxydothermus. Before the concrete forms of realization the bacterium is Clostridium of autoethanogenum.

According to various forms of the realization of invention the flow of substratum and/or the mixed flow, supplied down the fermentation, in the characteristic case contains basic portion, for example, at least approximately from 20% to approximately 95% as far as the volume, from 40% to 95% as far as the volume, from 40% to 60% as far as the volume and from 45% to 55% as far as the volume. Before the concrete forms of realization the substratum contains approximately 25%, either approximately 30% or approximately 35%, either approximately 40% or approximately 45%, either approximately 50% WITH or approximately 55% WITH, or approximately 60% as far as the volume. The substrata, which have the lower concentrations, such as 6%, can also approach, in particular, when also are present2 and02.

Before the concrete forms of the realization of aspects as a result of anaerobic fermentation described above, besides products described above, is obtained the gas, enriched by hydrogen. Before some forms of realization the gas, enriched by hydrogen, containing2 is not necessary02, they pass beside the second bioreactor.

Before some forms of realization anaerobic fermentation is conducted before the second bioreactor, where one or more than the cultures of microorganisms converts2 and02 beside the products, which include acid (acids) and/or alcohol (alcohols).

Before the concrete forms of realization the culture of the microorganisms of the second bioreactor is the bacteria, selected from the following kinds:

Acetobacterium and Moorella. Before the concrete forms of realization the bacterium is Acetobacterium of woodii.

According to the second aspect before the invention is proposed the system for the production of products by microbiological fermentation, that includes the following elements:

1) The installation of the catalytic oxidation, where methane is converted beside the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON2; 2) the fusion reactor of methanol, designed for the transformation at least of the part of the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON2, beside methanol; 3) means for the transmission of the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON2, beside the bioreactor before and/or after the transmission of this flow beside the fusion reactor of methanol; 4) the bioreactor, designed for the transformation at least of the part of the flow of substratum beside the products by microbiological fermentation.

Before the stage of the separation of gases it is possible to not necessarily move away at least parts of one or more than components besides the flow of the gas before the catalytic oxidation.

Before the concrete forms of realization the system includes the means of definition, does have a flow of the substratum, which contains BASED ON2, necessary composition. For this purpose it is possible to use any known means.

Before the concrete forms of realization the system additionally includes the means of mixing, designed for the mixing BASED ON and/or2 with the flow of the substratum before its transmission beside the bioreactor. Before the concrete forms of realization the system includes the means of gas bleed from the bioreactor, if the means of determination determine that gas does not possess necessary composition.

Before the concrete forms of the realization of invention the system includes the means of heating and/or cooling different flows, passed between different installations of system. System additionally or alternatively includes the means of the compression at least of the parts of different flows, passed between different installations of system.

According to the second aspect before the invention the system for the production of products, which includes the following elements is proposed:

1) The installation of the catalytic oxidation, where methane is converted beside the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON2; 2) the fusion reactor of methanol, designed for the transformation at least of the part of the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON2, beside methanol; 3) means for the transmission of the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON2, beside the bioreactor before and/or after the transmission of this flow beside the fusion reactor of methanol; 4) the first bioreactor, which contains culture of one either is more than microorganisms, designed for the transformation at least of the part of the flow of substratum beside one or is more than alcohols by microbiological fermentation; 5) means for the transmission of the flow of substratum, enriched by hydrogen, which emerges based on the first bioreactor of stage (4), beside the second bioreactor; 6) the second bioreactor, which contains culture of one or is more than microorganisms, designed for the transformation at least of the part of the flow of the substratum of stage (5) beside one or is more than acids by microbiological fermentation.

Before the concrete forms of realization the substratum, enriched by hydrogen, stages (5) additionally contain the dioxide of carbon. Before some forms of realization the substratum, enriched by hydrogen, stages (5) mix up with the dioxide of carbon from the alternative source before the transmission of substratum beside the second bioreactor of stage (6).

Before one form of realization one or more than alcohols of stage (4) is ethanol. Before one form of realization one or more than alcohols is 2,3- butanediol.

Before one form of realization one or more than the acids of stage (6) is acetic acid or acetate.

Before the concrete forms of realization the culture of the first bioreactor is the culture of bacteria. Before some forms of realization the bacteria are selected from the following kinds: Clostridium, Moorella and Carboxydothermus. Before the concrete forms of realization the bacterium is Clostridium of autoethanogenum.

Before one form of realization the culture of the second bioreactor is culture of one or more than the microorganisms, selected from the group, which includes the following microorganisms: Acetobacterium, Moorella, Clostridium, Ruminococcus, Acetobacterium, Eubacterium, Butyribacterium, Oxobacter, Methanosarcina, Methanosarcina and Desulfotomaculum. Before one form of realization one or more than microorganisms is Acetobacterium of woodii. Before one form of realization one or more than microorganisms is Moorella of thermoaceticum.

According to the fourth aspect before the invention is proposed the method of obtaining one or more than alcohols, that includes the following stages:

1) Method of one either is more than products and/or by-products and/or the withdrawals of the first process and/or one or of more these derived products and/or of by-products and/or withdrawals before the bioreactor, which contains culture of one or more than microorganisms; and 2) the fermentation of culture before the bioreactor with obtaining of one or it is more than alcohols; where the first process is the process of the production of acetic acid.

Before one form of realization the first process is the carbonylation of methanol, by means of which methanol interacts with the mono-oxide of carbon with obtaining of acetic acid, although it is possible to use other methods of the production of acetic acid.

Before one form of realization at least the part of methanol and/or mono-oxide of carbon, used before the production of acetic acid according to stage (1) the first process is obtained based on the synthesis reaction of methanol.

Before one form of realization the mono-oxide of carbon is obtained in the form contained industrial gas.

Before one form of realization at least the part of the products of the first process will be given directly beside the bioreactor. The products of the first process, supplied down the bioreactor, can include any one or more of the following substances: , N2,02,4, methanol, acetic acid, and also other.

Before some forms of realization one or more other forms of raw material will be given beside the bioreactor. According to some forms of realization one or more other forms of raw material includes the worked out industrial newspaper before some forms of realization one or more other forms of raw material includes the flows of the exhaust gas from other processes.

Preferably one or is more than the forms of the raw material, supplied down the bioreactor, it includes at least BASED ON and/or2.

Preferably alcohols include any one or more of following alcohols: ethanol, either propanol or butanol, although they are examined and other alcohols, such, in particular, 2, 3- butane d of.

As a result fermentation it is possible to additionally or alternatively obtain any one or more of the following substances: butyrate, propionate, caproate, propylene, butadiene, isobutylene or ethylene.

Preferably the product of biomass uses for obtaining the additional heat, guide one or more than reactions, preferably at least one of the reactions, determined before this invention.

Preferably method includes supply of one either more than products and/or by-products and/or the withdrawals of fermentation and/or one or more these derived products and/or by-products and/or withdrawals for the application before the first process.

According to the fifth aspect before the invention is proposed the system for production of one or more than products, that includes the following elements:

1) The installation of the catalytic oxidation, where methane is converted beside the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON2; 2) the fusion reactor of methanol, designed for the transformation at least of the part of the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON2, beside methanol; 3) means for the transmission at least of the part of the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON and/or2 from the reactor (2) beside the fusion reactor of methanol, and means for the transmission at least of the part of the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON and/or2 from the reactor (2) beside the bioreactor before and/or after the transmission of flow beside the fusion reactor of methanol; 4) the first bioreactor, which contains culture of one either is more than microorganisms, designed for the transformation at least of the part of the flow of substratum beside one or is more than alcohols by microbiological fermentation; 5) the reactor of the carbonylation of methanol, designed for the transformation of methanol and beside one or more than products and/or by-products and/or the withdrawals, where the reactor of the carbonylation of methanol is designed for the intake at least of the part of methanol and/or from the fusion reactor of methanol; 6) means for the transmission at least of the part of methanol and/or FROM the stage (2) from the fusion reactor of methanol beside the reactor of the carbonylation of methanol; and 7) means for the transmission at least of part of one or are more than products and/or by-products and/or withdrawals (5) beside bioreactor 4 for the application as the joint substratum (substrata) during the microbiological fermentation.

Before the concrete forms of realization the system additionally includes the second bioreactor, which contains culture of one either more than microorganisms, designed for the transformation at least of the part of the flow of substratum, enriched by hydrogen, beside one or is more than acids by microbiological fermentation; and the means of the transmission of the flow of substratum, enriched by hydrogen, which emerges based on the first bioreactor of stage (4) beside the second bioreactor; where the flow of substratum, enriched by hydrogen, is the by-product of the reaction of the fermentation of stage (4).

Before some forms of realization one or more than the products of stage (5) is acetic acid. Before some forms of realization acetic acid is produced by the carbonylation of methanol, by means of which methanol interacts with the mono-oxide of carbon with obtaining of acetic acid, although it is possible to use other methods of the production of acetic acid.

Before one form of realization at least the part of methanol and/or mono-oxide of carbon, utilized for the production of acetic acid according to stage (5) is obtained based on of the synthesis of methanol. Before one form of realization at least the part of methanol and/or mono-oxide of carbon, utilized against the stage (5), is obtained based on other sources.

Before one form of realization the mono-oxide of carbon is obtained in the form contained industrial gas.

Before one form of realization at least the part of the products of the reaction of the carbonylation of methanol against the stage (5) will be given directly beside the bioreactor.

The products of the first process, supplied down the bioreactor, can include any one or more of the following substances: , N2,02,4, methanol, acetic acid, and also other.

Before some forms of realization one or more other forms of raw material will be given beside the bioreactor. According to some forms of realization one or more other forms of raw material includes the worked out industrial newspaper before some forms of realization one or more other forms of raw material includes the flows of the exhaust gas from other processes.

Preferably one or is more than the forms of the raw material, supplied down the bioreactor, it includes at least BASED ON and/or2.

Preferably alcohols include any one or more of following alcohols: ethanol, either propanol or butanol, although they are examined and other alcohols, such, in particular, 2, 3- butane d of.

As a result fermentation it is possible to additionally or alternatively obtain any one or more of the following substances: butyrate, propionate, caproate, propylene, butadiene, isobutylene or ethylene.

Methods and systems of aspect described above possess the significant potential of reduction in the ejection of the gas, which possesses greenhouse effect. In accordance with the conventional method of the carbonylation of methanol it is the withdrawal, which can be directed beside the torch or burnt after the isolation of acetic acid. From the flow of the withdrawals of the carbonylation of methanol approximately 65-70% it can contain. By means of the agreement of the conventional methods of the production of acetic acid for the sake of one or more than the reactions of fermentation the withdrawals of the process of the production of acetic acid can be used for the production of valuable and/or useful products.

Although in the broad sense the invention is lies in the fact that described above, it unconfined as far as the data by description includes the forms of the realizations, whose examples are given before the following description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE GRAPHIC MATERIALS

Further invention is in detail described with the reference down the accompanying graphic materials, before which:

The system and method according to the fifth aspect of invention is represented on Fig. 1.

On Fig. 2 is shown the steam reforming of methane with obtaining of the flow of gas, which contains BASED ON2, which can be converted beside methanol, where at least the part of the flow of gas, which contains BASED ON2, removes for the fermentation for the production of the products, such as ethanol, 2,3- butanediol and acetic acid.

On Fig. 3 is represented the system and method according to the concrete form of the realization of the invention, where at least the part of the flow of gas, which contains BASED ON2, they pass beside the fusion reactor of methanol, and where at least the part of the flow of gas, which contains BASED ON2, they pass beside the bioreactor.

On Fig. 4 is represented the system and method according to the concrete form of the realization of the invention, where the flow of gas, which contains BASED ON2, subject recirculation through the fusion reactor of methanol, where at least the part of the flow of gas, which contains BASED ON2, which emerges based on the fusion reactor of methanol, removes in the process of fermentation for the production of the products, such as ethanol, 2,3- butanediol and acetic acid.

On Fig. 5 is represented the system and method according to the concrete form of the realization of the invention, where they pass beside the second bioreactor the gas, enriched by hydrogen, which emerges based on the first bioreactor.

It should be noted that by blocks on Fig. 1-5 are represented as the stages of method, so also components/the modules of physical system.

INFORMATION. CONFIRMING THE POSSIBILITY

REALIZATIONS OF THE INVENTION

Definitions if is not defined another, the described below terms, utilized at the point of the elongation of entire this description, are defined, as it is described below:

Terms “catching of carbon” and “general catching of carbon” relate down the effectiveness of the transformation of the source of carbon, this as raw material, beside the products.

For example, a quantity of carbon before the raw material, which is wood biomass, is converted beside the useful products, such as alcoholic.

Term “synthetic gas” relates down the gas mixture, which contains at least the part of the mono-oxide of carbon and hydrogen, generatrix as a result of gasification and/or reforming of carbonaceous raw material.

Term “the substratum, which contains the mono-oxide of carbon” and similar terms should be understood as including any substratum, before which the mono-oxide of carbon is accessible for increase and/or fermentation of, for example, one or more than the strains of bacteria.

“Gaseous substratum, which contains the mono-oxide of carbon” includes any gas, which contains the mono-oxide of carbon. Gaseous substratum in the characteristic case contains considerable proportion, preferably at least approximately from 5% to approximately 95% as far as the volume.

Term “bioreactor” includes the device of fermentation, which consists of one or more than vessels and/or columns or pipeline systems, and, this device includes chemical flowing reactor with the mixer (CSTR, Continuous Of stirred Of tank Of reactor), reactor with the immobilized cells, gas-lift fermenter, which bubbles fermenter (BCR, bubble of column of reactor), diaphragm reactor, this as diaphragm bioreactor with the system of hollow fibers (HFMBR, Hollow Of fibre Of membrane Of bioreactor) or reactor with the watered layer (TBR, Trickle Of bed Of reactor), either another reactor or another device, which is suitable for the gas-liquid contact.

Before the context of fermentation products the term “acid”, utilized before the present description, includes both the carboxylic acids and associated carboxylate anion, for example, the mixture of free acetic acid and acetate, that are found before the fermentative bouillon, as it is described in this work. The ratio of molecular acid to the carboxylate before the fermentative bouillon depends on the pH of system. Term “acetate” includes both exclusively the salt acetate and the mixture of molecular or free acetic acid and salt acetate, this as mixture of salt acetate and free acetic acid, that is found before the fermentative bouillon, as it can be described in this work. The ratio of molecular acetic acid to acetate before the fermentative bouillon depends on the pH of system.

Term “necessary composition” uses as that relating down the necessary level and the types of components before the substance, for example, before the flow of gas. More specifically gas is considered having “necessary composition”, if it contains the specific component (for example, BASED ON and/or2) and/or contains the specific component against the specific level and/or does not contain the specific component (for example, the pollutant, harmful for the microorganisms) and/or does not contain the specific component against the specific level. More than one component it is possible to consider with the definition, does have the flow of gas necessary composition.

Term “flow” is used with respect to the current of material beside one either more than the stages of process, through one or it is more than the stages of process or besides one or more than the stages of the process, for example, of the material, which will be given beside the bioreactor and/or optional Of02. The composition of flow can vary as it penetrates different stages. For example, when flow penetrates the bioreactor, the content BASED ON the flow can descend, whereas the content Of02 can grow. Also, in proportion to the passage of the flow concerning the stage of the removal Of02, the content Of02 will be reduced.

If context does not require anything different, expression “fermentation”, “the process of fermentation” or “the reaction of fermentation” and so forth, as they use in this work, those including both the phase of increase and phase of the biosynthesis of the product of this process are implied as.

“Fermentative bouillon” defines as the cultural medium, before which occurs the fermentation.

Terms “increase in the effectiveness”, “increased effectiveness” and so forth with the use with respect to the process of fermentation includes, but it is unconfined by them, increase in one or more following indices: the rate of growth in the microorganisms during the fermentation, volume or the mass of the necessary product (such as alcohols), obtained down volume either mass of the consumed substratum (such as the mono-oxide of carbon), the speed of production or to the level of output of necessary product and relative percentage of the produced necessary product in comparison with other by-products of fermentation, and, furthermore, it can reflect value (which it can be positive or negative) any by-products, which are formed before the process.

Term “process of the production of acetic acid' and so forth or corresponding apparatus relates down any process or apparatus, which can be used for the production of acetic acid, including the carbonylation of methanol, but without being limited.

Although some forms of the realization of invention, which namely include the production of ethanol by the anaerobic fermentation, which uses BASED ON2 as the basic substratum, with the readiness are acknowledged after the valuable improvements of the technology, which is at present of enormous interest, it is understandable that the invention is applicable to the production of alternative products, such as other alcohols, and to the application of alternative substrata, especially gaseous substrata, as it is known down usual specialists in the area of technology, which includes the invention, with the examination of present description.

For example, the gaseous substrata, which contain dioxide of carbon and hydrogen, can be used before the concrete forms of the realization of invention. Furthermore, invention can be applicable to the fermentations with obtaining of acetate, butyrate, propionate, caproate, ethanol, propanol and butanol, and also hydrogen.

As an example, these products can be obtained by means of the fermentation with the use of microorganisms, which belongs to the kind Of moorella, Clostridia, Ruminococcus, Acetobacterium, Eubacterium, Butyribacterium, Oxobacter, Methanosarcina, Methanosarcina and Desulfotomaculum.

The production of methanol before the process of the production of methanol the flow of gas, which contains, restores at high temperature and pressure, using2 above the metallic catalyst before the gas-phase fusion reactor of methanol.

Restoration is highly exothermic, and in the characteristic case excess heat is removed from the process by the recirculation of the flow of gas, which contains, through the reactor. It is unexpectedly discovered, that at least the part of the flow of gas, which contains BASED ON2, utilized before the process of the production of methanol, can be converted beside ethanol or other liquid products by microbiological fermentation. Before the concrete forms of realization the invention includes the removal at least of the part of the flow of gas, which contains BASED ON2, beside the bioreactor, which contains one or it is more than microorganisms, for the production of ethanol and/or other liquid products. Before the concrete form of realization the flow of gas, which contains BASED ON2, is removed beside the bioreactor before the transmission beside the fusion reactor of methanol. Before another form of realization the flow of gas, which contains BASED ON2, is removed beside the bioreactor after the transmission through the fusion reactor of methanol.

The traditional method of the production of methanol includes restoration with the use Of2 before the presence of metallic catalyst. This restoration in the characteristic case is carried out at elevated temperatures and pressure before the gas-phase reactor. In the characteristic case the restoration is not quantitative, and from the gas-phase reactor leaves the flow, which contains BASED ON and not necessarily2, where it is possible to subject down recirculation or to let out this outgoing stream of gas. This process is highly exothermic, and at least the part of exothermy can be moved away from the process by the recirculation of the flow of the gas through the fusion reactor of methanol. Additionally or alternatively at least the part of exothermy can be moved away by the external cooling of the fusion reactor of methanol, for example, of water cooling. , Utilized during the restoration, in the characteristic case is the component of the flow of the synthetic gas, the generatrix as a result of the reforming of methane. According to methods on the invention, methane is converted beside the flow of the substratum, which contains BASED ON2, by catalytic oxidation. Before the concrete forms of realization methane is converted BASED ON2 before the presence of metallic catalyst at elevated temperatures. Is the most common process of catalytic oxidation the steam reforming, where methane and vapor are converted BASED ON2 at a temperature, which composes 700-1 100°[S], before the presence of nickel catalyst. The stoichiometry of this conversion is given below:

4 + Of20 - > WITH +2

Additionally or it is alternative for the partial oxidation of methane it is possible to use auto-thermal reforming before the presence of oxygen at elevated temperatures and the pressure, it is as shown lower:

2[SN]4 + 02 +02 - >2 + OF + Of20

2[SN]4 + 02 +20 - > 5[N]2 + of 2[SO]

The advantage of dry reforming lies in the fact that the considerable proportion Of02, that is present before the biogas, forms the mono-oxide of carbon and hydrogen, it is as shown lower:

4 + Of02 - > 2[SO] + of 2[N]2

According to methods on the invention, before the production of methanol use BASED ON2, obtained with the catalytic oxidation, via the transmission of the flow of gas, which contains, beside the fusion reactor of methanol. According to the concrete forms of realization at least the part of the flow of gas, which contains, they pass beside the bioreactor for the conversion beside the liquid products by microbiological fermentation. Before the concrete forms of realization, at least the part of the flow of gas, which contains BASED ON, outgoing based on the fusion reactor of methanol, they pass beside the bioreactor for the conversion beside the liquid products by microbiological fermentation.

The flow of gas, which emerges based on the fusion reactor of methanol, in the characteristic case is enriched by the component Of2 relative to. Thus, before the concrete forms of realization enriched2 the flow of gas it is possible to unite based on02 and to pass beside the bioreactor for the conversion beside the acidic products, such as acetate. Before the concrete forms of the realization Of02 they include in the flow of gas.

The advantage of the concrete forms of the realization of invention consists besides an increase in the effectiveness of as a result reduced recirculation of the flow, which contains BASED ON2, through the fusion reactor of methanol. Before the concrete forms of realization the load beyond the recirculating compressor decreases. Before another form of realization this method decreases the accumulation of inert components before the flow of the gas, subjected recirculation.

Mixing flows as is noted above, the flow of the substratum, which contains BASED ON2, can be desirable to mix up with one or more additional flows for the purpose of an increase in the effectiveness, production of alcohol and/or general catching of carbon of the reaction of fermentation. Without desiring to be those connected for the sake of any theory, before some forms of the realization of present invention bacteria convert beside ethanol, as shown lower:

6[SO] + OF20 - >2[N]5[ON] + of 4[S]02

Nevertheless, before the presence Of2 the general conversion can be the following:

6[SO] + of 12[N]2 - >2[N]5[ON] + OF20

Accordingly, flows with the high content can be mixed up with the flows of the substratum, which contain BASED ON2 in order to increase relationship:2 for the optimization of effectiveness in the fermentation. As an example, the flows of industrial wastes, such as the outgoing gas from the steel mill, has high content, but is included a minimum quantity or it does not include2. Thus, can be desirable to mix up one or more than the flows, which contain BASED ON2, with the outgoing stream, which contains, before the supply of the mixed flow of substratum beside the fermenter. Total effectiveness, productivity of alcohol and/or general catching of carbon of fermentation depend on stoichiometry BASED ON2 before the mixed flow. Nevertheless, before the concrete forms of realization the mixed flow can actually contain BASED ON2 before the following molar ratios: 20:1, 10:1, 5:1, 3: 1,2: 1, 1:1 or 1: 2.

Furthermore, it can be desirable to give BASED ON2 before the specific relations against different stages of fermentation. For example, the flows of substratum with the relatively high content Of2 (by such as 1:2:2) can be given down the stage of fermentation against the beginning and/or before the phases of an exuberance in the microorganisms. Nevertheless, when the phase of increase slows down as, for example, with the maintenance of culture actually with the stable density of microorganisms, the content can be increased (for example, at least to 1:1 or 2:1 or it is above, where the concentration Of2 can be greater or equal to zero).

Mixing flows can also possess additional advantages, in particular, when the flow of withdrawals, which contains, it is periodic as far as nature. For example, the periodic flow of withdrawals, which contains, can be mixed up with actually the continuous flow of the substratum, which contains BASED ON2, and given beside the fermenter. Before the concrete forms of the realization of invention composition and the speed actually of the continuous mixed flow can be varied in accordance with the periodic flow in order to support supply beside the fermenter of the flow of the substratum, which has actually a constant composition and the speed of current.

Mixing two or more than the flows of for achievement desired composition can include the being varied speeds of the current of all flows, either one or more of the flows it is possible to support for the sake of constant, whereas another flow (flows) to vary in order `to drive on' or to optimize the mixed flow to the desired composition. The flows, processed continuously, can not require or require only the small additional working (such as), and this flow can be given beside the fermenter directly. Nevertheless, can be necessary to ensure intermediate accumulator for the flows, where one or more than flows is accessible periodically, and/or where the flows are accessible continuously, but they are used and/or are produced with the being varied speeds.

To specialists in this area of technology it is understandable that it is necessary to accomplish monitoring composition and speeds of the current of the flows before the mixing. The monitoring of the composition of the mixed flow can be achieved by the variation of the relationships of the components of flows around obtaining of the purposeful or desired composition. For example, gas of normative load can comprise predominantly BASED ON2 of specific relationship, and the second gas, which contains high concentration, can be mixed up around reaching of the specific relation Of2:. Monitoring composition and speed of the current of the mixed flow can be accomplished by any means, known in this area of technology. The speed of the current of the mixed flow it is possible to control independent of the operations of mixing; Nevertheless, speeds, with which it is possible to direct separate components, must be controlled within certain limits. For example, the flow, supplied periodically, which continuously is derived based on the intermediate accumulator, must be sent with such speed that the capacity of buffer accumulator on would be wasted and would not be overfilled to the end capacity.

At the moment of mixing separate components gases enter the mixing chamber, which in the characteristic case is small vessel or section of pipe. In such cases vessel or pipe can be equipped for the sake of the static mixing devices, such as the baffles generators, arranged in such a way as to ensure turbulence and rapid homogenization of separate components.

If necessary it is possible to also equip the intermediate accumulator of the mixed flow for the purpose of the maintenance of the supply actually of the continuous flow of substratum beside the bioreactor.

In system it is possible to not necessarily include the processor, fitted out for monitoring of composition and rates of the current of the components of flows and control of mixing flows before the appropriate relationships, in order to obtain the necessary or desired mixture. For example, the specific components can be given on the need or on the presence for the purpose of the optimization of the effectiveness of the productivity of alcohol and/or general catching of carbon.

Supply BASED ON2 before the specific relationship always can be impossible or irrational. Thus, the system, fitted out for mixing of two or it is more than flows, as it is described above, it is possible to adapt to the optimization of relationship with the accessible resources. For example, if is accessible the inadequate supply Of2, system can include the means of the removal of surplus from the system in order to ensure the optimized flow and to reach the improved efficiency of the production of alcohol and/or general catching of carbon. Before some forms of the realization of invention the system is adapted to the continuous monitoring of the speeds of current and compositions of at least two flows and to their association with obtaining of the united mixed flow of the substratum of optimum composition, and are included the means of the transmission of the optimized flow of substratum in fermenter. Before the concrete forms of the realization of the application of bacteria for the production of alcohol the optimum composition of the flow of substratum includes at least 1% Of2, also, up to approximately 1:2:2.

As the example, the concrete forms of the realization of invention include the utilization of converter gas from the decarbonization of steel as the source. In the characteristic case such flows contain a small quantity or do not contain2, therefore, it can be desirable the association of the flow, which contains, with the flow of the substratum, which contains BASED ON2, for achievement more desirable relationships:2.

Additionally or alternatively it is possible to ensure gasifier for obtaining BASED ON2 from different sources. The flow, supplied for the sake of gasifier, can be mixed up with the flow of the substratum, which contains BASED ON2, for obtaining the desired composition. To specialists in this area of technology it is understandable that the conditions of gasifier can be controlled in order to obtain specific relationship:2. Furthermore, gasifier can be inclined upward and downward in order to increase and to reduce the speed of the current of the flow of the substratum, which contains BASED ON2, supplied for the sake of gasifier. Accordingly, flow from the gasifier can be mixed up with the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON2 in order to optimize relationship:2 for the purpose of an increase in the productivity of alcohol and/or general catching of carbon. Furthermore, gasifier can be inclined upward and downward for obtaining the flow of the varying speed of the current and/or composition, which can be mixed up with the periodic flow, which contains BASED ON2, for obtaining actually the continuous flow of necessary composition.

The production of acetic acid the aspects of present invention include the methods of the production of acetic acid. A number of the methods of the production of acetic acid is known. The methods of the production of acetic acid include the methods, described below. To specialists in this area of technology it is understandable that the methods of the production of acetic acid are unconfined as far as the methods, described in this work, and they can include other known methods.

The carbonylation of methanol with this method methanol interacts with the mono-oxide of carbon with obtaining of acetic acid in accordance with the following equation:

+ - > this equation is simplification in the real process, which forms and which consumes iodine-methane as the intermediate compound, usually before the presence of the catalyst, which is the complex of metal. This process is more fully described below:

3[ON] + HI - >31 + Of20

31 + - >3[S]01

CH3COI + Of h20 - > + HI before this method it is possible to use different catalysts. Based on the more recent time uses the catalyst Of cativa ([lr (CO) of 2l2] '), activated by ruthenium. This catalyst ensures more ecologically favorable and more effective process than previous catalysts.

The oxidation of acetaldehyde acetaldehyde can be obtained by oxidizing of butane or light naphtha or by the hydration of ethylene. With heating of butane or light naphtha by air before the presence of the ions of different metals (for example, manganese, cobalt, chromium) are formed peroxides, which then are decomposed with the formation of acetic acid according to the equation:

2[S]4[N]10 + 502 - > 4[SN]3[SOON] + of 2[N]20

In order to improve interaction, it is possible to use elevated temperatures and pressures (for example, 150°[S] even 55 atm).

As the alternative to the oxidation of butane acetaldehyde can be oxidized by atmospheric oxygen due to the analogous conditions and with the use of analogous catalysts according to the equation:

2[SN]3[SNO] + 02 - > 2[SN]3[SOON]

The oxidation of ethylene acetaldehyde can be alternative obtained from ethylene, using a process Of, is and then oxidized, as it is described above. Before the commercial production is also introduced the single-stage transformation of ethylene beside acetic acid, by means of which ethylene is oxidized before the presence of the catalyst, which is metallic palladium, substituted down the base layer, which is hetero sex and the acid, such as tungstensilicon acid.

Oxidizing fermentation acetic acid in the form of vinegar historically obtained with the aid of the acetous bacteria, that belong to the kind Of acetobacter. Obtaining the sufficiency of oxygen, these bacteria can produce vinegar from a number of the foodstuffs, such as apple cider, wine or fermented grain, malt, fig or potatoes. Reaction is the following:

2[N]5[ON] + 02 - > + Of20 at present the large part of the vinegar obtain before the culture before the immersion reactor, as far as the fermentation of alcohol to the vinegar before the reactor with the continuous mixing with oxygen, supplied via the bubbling of air through the fermentative bouillon.

Anaerobic fermentation as it is described in this work higher, the anaerobic bacteria, such as Clostridium, they can convert sugar beside acetic acid according to the equation:

6[N]1206 - > these acetogenic bacteria can also produce acetic acid from the single- compounds, which include methanol, the mono-oxide of carbon or the mixture of the dioxide of carbon and hydrogen according to the equation:

2[S]02 + of 4[N]2 - > + of 2[N]20 the ability of the bacteria of the kind Of clostridium to use sugar or other forms of raw material for the direct production of acetic acid means that these bacteria can produce acetic acid more effectively than the oxidizers of ethanol, such as Acetobacter. However, the bacteria of the kind Of clostridium as a whole are less acid-resisting than Acetobacter, historically limiting the concentration of acid to several percentages, in comparison with the concentration, which comprises approximately up to 20% with the use Of acetobacter. Consequently, the application Of acetobacter beside the entire more preferable because of the decreased expenditures for the collection of obtained acetic acid.

It is understandable in light of the volumes acetic of acid produced that small changes in the effectiveness in the process can possess value. Furthermore, is desirable the capability to be adapted for the changing conditions before the process of production and/or applying acetic acid.

The reaction of fermentation the concrete forms of the realization of invention include the fermentation of the flow of substratum, which is synthetic gas, with obtaining of the products, which include alcohol (alcohols) it is not necessary acid (acids). The methods of the production of ethanol and other alcohols from the gaseous substrata are known.

Illustrative methods include the methods, described, for example, before the following documents: WO 2007/117157, WO 2008/115080, US 6340581, US 6136577, US 5593886, US 5807722 and US 5821111, each of which is set in this operation by means of the reference.

Known that the large number of anaerobic bacteria is capable of accomplishing fermentation around alcohols, which include n-butanol and ethanol, and acetic acid, and these bacteria are suitable for application before the method on the present invention.

Examples of such bacteria, that are suitable for application before the invention, include the bacteria of the kind Of clostridium, such as strains Of clostridium of ljungdahlii, which include the strains, described before the following documents: WO 00/68407, 117309, patents US 5173429, US 5593886 and US 6368819, WO 98/00558 and WO 02/08438, Clostridium of carboxydivorans (Liou et al, International Of journal of Of systematic and Evolutionary Of microbiology 33: pp. 2085-2091) and Clostridium of autoethanogenum (Abrini et al, Archives of Of microbiology 161: pp. 345-351). Other suitable bacteria include the bacteria of the kind Of moorella, that includes Moorella sp OF HUC22-1 (Sakai et al, Biotechnology Of letters 29: pp. 1607-1612), and the bacterium of the kind Of carboxydothermus (Svetlichny, V.A., Sokolova, T.G et al (1991), Of systematic and Applied Of microbiology 14:

254-260). Additional examples include Morelia of thermoacetica, Moorella of thermoautotrophica, Ruminococcus of productus, Acetobacterium of woodii, Eubacterium of limosum, Butyribacterium of methylotrophicum, Oxobacter of pfennigii, Methanosarcina of barkeri, Methanosarcina of acetivorans, Desulfotomaculum of kuznetsovii (Simpa et. al Of critical Of reviews in Of biotechnology, 2006 Vol. 26. Pp. 41-65). Furthermore, it is understandable that before the present invention other acetogenic anaerobic bacteria, known to specialists in this area of technology, can be applicable. It is also understandable that this invention it is possible to apply down mixed culture of two or more than bacteria.

One of the illustrative microorganisms, which are suitable for the application before the present invention, is the bacterium Of clostridium of autoethanogenum. Before one form of the realization Of clostridium of autoethanogenum it is the bacterium Of clostridium of autoethanogenum, that possesses the identification characteristics of the strain, deposited before the German collection of microorganisms and cellular cultures (DSMZ) under identification number 19630. Before one form of the realization Of clostridium of autoethanogenum it is the bacterium Of clostridium of autoethanogenum, that possesses the identification characteristics of the strain, deposited before the German collection of microorganisms and cellular cultures (DSMZ) under identification number 23693. Before another form of the realization Of clostridium of autoethanogenum it is the bacterium Of clostridium of autoethanogenum, that possesses the identification characteristics of the strain, deposited in DSMZ under identification number 10061. The examples to the fermentations of the substratum, which contains, by the bacterium Of clostridium of autoethanogenum with obtaining of the products, which include alcohols, are given before the following documents: W02007/117157, W02008/1 15080, W02009/022925, W02009/058028, W02009/064200, W02009/064201, WO2009/113878 and WO2009/151342, all of which are set in this operation by means of the reference.

The cultivation of bacteria, used before the methods on the invention, can be carried out, using the diverse methods, known before this area of technology for the cultivation and fermentation of substrata with the use of anaerobic bacteria. Illustrative methods are given below before the division “examples”. As an additional example, it is possible to use the methods with the application of gaseous substrata for the fermentation, on the whole described before the following articles: (i).. Klasson, et al (1991). Bioreactors of for of synthesis of GaS of fermentations of resources. Conservation and Recycling, 5; 145-165; (II) k. T. Klasson, et al (1991).

Bioreactor of design of for of synthesis of GaS of fermentations. Fuel. 70. 605-614; (III) k. T. Klasson, et al (1992). Bioconversion of of synthesis of GaS of into of liquid or of gaseous of fuels. Enzyme and Microbial Of technology. 14; 602-608; (iv) J.L. Vega, et al (1989). Study of Of gaseous Of substrate Of fermentation: Carbon Of monoxide Of conversion to Of acetate. 2. Continuous Of culture.

Biotech. Bioeng. 34. 6. 785-793; (vi) J.L. Vega, et al (1989). Study of of gaseous of substrate of fermentations: Carbon of monoxide of conversion to of acetate. 1. Batch of culture. Biotechnology and Bioengineering. 34. 6. 774-784; (vii) J.L. Vega, et al (1990). Design of Of bioreactors of for Of coal Of synthesis of GaS Of fermentations. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 3. 149160; all of which are set in this operation by means of the reference.

Fermentation can be carried out before any suitable bioreactor, designed for the contact between the gas and the liquid, where the substratum can be given down the contact with one or more microorganism, for example, chemical flowing reactor with the mixer (CSTR), reactor with the immobilized cells, gas-lift fermenter, which bubbles fermenter (BCR), diaphragm reactor, this as diaphragm bioreactor with the system of hollow fibers (HFMBR) or reactor with the watered layer (TBR), monolithic bioreactor or loop reactors. Before some forms of the realization of invention the bioreactor can also include the first reactor for the cultivation, before which cultivate the microorganisms, and the second reactor of fermentation, beside which it is possible to give fermentative bouillon from the reactor for the cultivation, and before which it is possible to obtain the large part of the product of fermentation (for example, ethanol and of acetate).

According to various forms of the realization of invention the source of carbon for reacting the fermentation is the synthetic gas, obtained as a result of gasification. The substratum, which is synthetic gas, in the characteristic case contains basic portion, for example, at least approximately from 15% to approximately 75% as far as the volume, from 20% to 70% as far as the volume, from 20% to 65% as far as the volume, from 20% to 60% as far as the volume and from 20% to 55% as far as the volume. Before the concrete forms of realization the substratum contains approximately 25%, either approximately 30% or approximately 35%, either approximately 40% or approximately 45%, either approximately 50% WITH or approximately 55% WITH, or approximately 60% as far as the volume. The substrata, which have the lower concentrations, such as 6%, can also approach, in particular, when also are present2 and02. Before the concrete forms of realization the improved total efficiency of the production of alcohol is the result of the presence of hydrogen. Gaseous substratum can also contain certain quantity Of02, for example, constituting approximately from 1% to approximately 80% Of02 as far as the volume, or from 1% to approximately 30% Of02 as far as the volume.

According to the concrete forms of the realization of invention the content and/or the content Of2 of the flow of the substratum can be enriched before the transmission of flow beside the bioreactor. For example, hydrogen can be enriched, using the technologies, well known in this area of technology, such as short-cycle adsorption, cryogenic separation and membrane separation process. Also it is possible to enrich, using the technologies, well known in this area of technology, such as gas cleaning before the scrubber with the use of a cuprammonium fiber, cryogenic separation, technology COSORB™ (absorption before of copper and aluminum before toluene), vacuum short-cycle adsorption and membrane separation process. Other methods, used for separation and enrichment of gases, are in detail described before the document PCT/NZ2008/000275, completely set in this operation by means of the reference.

In the characteristic case they add before the reaction of fermentation before the gaseous state. Nevertheless, methods on the invention are unconfined as far as the addition of substratum before this state. For example, the mono-oxide of carbon can be obtained in the form liquid. For example, liquid it is possible to saturate by the gas, which contains the mono-oxide of carbon, and to add this liquid beside the bioreactor. This action can be executed with the use of standard methodology. As an example, for this purpose it is possible to use the generator of the dispersion of micro-phials (Hensirisak et. al Of scale-up of of microbubble of dispersion of generator of for of aerobic of fermentation; Applied Of biochemistry and Biotechnology Of volume 101, Number 3/Of october, 2002).

It is understandable that for the cultivation of bacteria for conducting the fermentation from to the hydrocarbon, at the point of in addition to With- containing substratum beside the bioreactor it is necessary to give suitable liquid nutrient medium. Nutrient medium contains the sufficiency of vitamins and minerals in order to make possible for an increase in the microorganism used. The anaerobic media, which are suitable for the production of hydrocarbon products by means of the fermentation, using as the sole source of carbon, are known in this area of technology.

For example, the suitable media are described before the patents US 5173429 and US 5593886, and also before the following documents: WO 02/08438, W02007/117157, W02008/1 15080, W02009/022925, W02009/058028, W02009/064200, W02009/064201,

W02009/1 13878 and WO2009/151342, down which they refer above. Before the present invention the new medium, which possesses the increased effectiveness with the maintenance of an increase in the microorganisms and/or with the production of alcohol before the process of fermentation, is proposed. This medium is in more detail described below.

Fermentation it is desirable to carry out due to the appropriate conditions for the progress of the desired fermentation (for example, from to ethanol). Reaction conditions, which should be considered, include the following conditions: pressure, temperature, the speed of the flow of gas, the speed of the fluid flow, pH of medium, the oxidation-reduction potential of medium, the rate of mixing (with the use of a chemical flowing reactor with the mixer), the level of, the maximum concentrations of gaseous substratum in order to guarantee, that the concentration before the liquid phase will not become limiting, and the maximum concentrations of product in order to avoid inhibition by product. The suitable conditions are described before the following documents: W002/08438, W02007/117157, W02008/1 15080, W02009/022925, W02009/058028, W02009/064200,

W02009/064201, W02009/1 13878 and WO2009/151342, all of which are set in this operation by means of the reference.

The optimum conditions of reaction partly depend on the concrete microorganism used. Nevertheless, as a whole to preferably conduct fermentation at the pressure, which exceeds ambient pressure. Work with the elevated pressures gives the possibility to considerably increase rate of transfer from the gas phase at the liquid phase, where it can be absorbed as far as microorganism as the source of carbon for the production of ethanol. This, in turn, means that retention time (defined as the volume of liquid before the bioreactor, divided beside the entry speed flow of gas) it is possible to decrease, if we support bioreactors with the elevated pressure more probable than with the atmospheric pressure.

The advantages of conducting the fermentation of gas to ethanol with the elevated pressures are also described before other documents. For example, before the document WO 02/08438 are described the fermentations of gas to ethanol, conducted at the pressures, which compose psig and 75 psig, with obtaining of the productivity, which is 150 g/l/days even 369 g/l/days of ethanol respectively. Nevertheless, it was discovered, that the exemplary fermentations, carried out with the use of the same medium and the same compositions of the entering gas with the atmospheric pressure, are produced 10-20 times of less than ethanol down the liter in a 24 hour period.

It is also desirable so that the speed of the introduction of the gaseous substratum, which contains BASED ON2, would have this value so as to guarantee, that the concentration before the liquid phase will not become limiting. This as a result of with- limiting conditions product ethanol is connected with the fact that consumed as far as culture.

The fermentation Of02 and2 known that the large number of anaerobic bacteria is capable of accomplishing fermentation Of02 and2 around alcohols, which include ethanol, and acetic acid, and these bacteria are suitable for application before the method on the present invention.

Acetogen possess capability for the transformation of gaseous substrata, such as2,02 and, beside the products, which include acetic acid, ethanol and other products of fermentation, by means of the biochemical way of Wood -[Lyungdalya].

Examples of such bacteria, that are suitable for application before the invention, include the bacteria of the kind Of acetobacterium, such as strains Of aceto of bacterium of woodii ((Demler, M., Weuster-Botz, “Reaction Of engineering Of analysis of Of hydrogenotrophic Of production of Of acetic Of acid by Of acetobacterum Of woodii”, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Vol. 108, No. 2, February 2011).

It is shown that Acetobacterium of woodii produces acetate by means of the fermentation of the gaseous substrata, which include02 and2. The authors Buschhorn et al demonstrated the capability A of woodii for the production of ethanol during the fermentation of glucose with the limitation of phosphates.

Other suitable bacteria include the bacteria of the kind Of moorella, that includes Moorella sp OF HUC22-1 (Sakai et al, Biotechnology Of letters 29: pp. 1607-1612), and the bacterium of the kind Of carboxydothermus (Svetlichny, V.A., Sokolova, T.G et al (1991), Systematic and Applied Of microbiology 14:254 - 260). Additional examples include Morelia of thermoacetica, Moorella of thermoautotrophica, Ruminococcus of productus, Acetobacterium of woodii, Eubacterium of limosum, Butyribacterium of methylotrophicum, Oxobacter of pfennig of the II, Methanosarcina barkeri, Methanosarcina acetivorans, Desulfotomaculum kuznetsovii (Simpa et. al Of critical Of reviews in Of biotechnology, 2006 Vol. 26. Pp. 41-65). Furthermore, it is understandable that before the present invention other acetogenic anaerobic bacteria, known to specialists in this area of technology, can be applicable. It is also understandable that this invention it is possible to apply down mixed culture of two or more than bacteria.

One of the illustrative microorganisms, which are suitable for the application before the present invention, is the bacterium Of acetobacterium of woodii, which possesses the identification characteristics of the strain, deposited before the German collection of microorganisms and cellular cultures (DSMZ) under the identification number DSM 1030.

The substratum, which contains02 and2 preferably the source of carbon for the fermentation can be the gaseous substratum, which contains the dioxide of carbon before the combination with hydrogen. This gaseous substratum also can be the exhaust gas, which contains02 and2, obtained as the by-product of industrial process, or from any other source. The most extensive source of the ejections Of02 in the entire world is the combustion of the minerals of the forms of fuel, such as coal, oil and gas, before the power plants, industrial equipment and other sources.

Gaseous substratum can be the exhaust gas, which contains02 and2, obtained as the by-product of industrial process, or from any other source, for example, from the automobile exhaust gases. Before some forms of realization industrial process is selected from the group, which consists besides the following processes: the production of hydrogen, carrying out of ammonia, combustion of fuel, gasification of coal and production of limestone and cement. Gaseous substratum can be obtained as a result mixing one or more gaseous substrata with obtaining of the mixed flow. To specialists in this area of technology is understandable that the flows of the exhaust gas, either enriched Of2 or enriched Of02, are more numerous than the flows of the exhaust gas, enriched both2 and02. To specialists in this area of technology it is understandable that mixing one or is more than the flows of the gas, which includes one of the necessary components Of02 and2, it is within the limits of the volume of present invention.

The flows of gas, enriched by hydrogen, are formed by means of a number of the processes, which include the steam reforming of hydrocarbons, and, in particular, the steam reforming of natural gas. The partial oxidation of coal or hydrocarbons is also the source of the gas, enriched by hydrogen. Other sources of the gas, enriched by hydrogen, include the electrolysis of water, the by-products of the electrolytic cells, used for the production of chlorine, and different flows of oil refining and chemical processes.

The flows of gas, in the characteristic case enriched by the dioxide of carbon, include exhaust gas from the combustion of the hydrocarbons, such as natural gas or oil. The dioxide of carbon is also formed in the form the by-product of the production of ammonia, lime or phosphate, and also based on the natural bore holes, before production of which is contained carbonate the newspaper.

The isolation of product the products of the reaction of fermentation can be isolated, using known methods. Illustrative methods include the methods, described before the following documents: W02007/117157, W02008/1 15080, W02009/022925, US 6340581, US 6136577, US 5593886, US 5807722 and US 5821111. Nevertheless, before the brief account and as an example, ethanol can be isolated from the fermentative bouillon by such methods as fractional distillation or evaporation, and also extractive fermentation.

As a result the distillations of ethanol based on the enzymatic bouillon obtain the azeotrope of ethanol and water (i.e., 95% of ethanol 5% of water). Then it is possible to obtain waterless ethanol by means of the application of technology of the dehydration of ethanol with the aid of the molecular sieves, which is also well known in this area of technology.

The methods of extractive fermentation include application for the isolation of ethanol from the diluted fermentative bouillon of the mixed up with the water solvent, which presents the low risk of toxicity for the fermenting organism. For example, oleyl alcohol is the solvent, which can be used before the process of extraction of this type. Oleyl alcohol continuously is introduced beside the fermenter, where this solvent causes the formation of layer before the upper part of the fermenter, which they continuously extract and they will give through the centrifuge. Then water and cells easily are separated based on oleyl alcohol and they return down the fermenter, in this case the solvent with the layer of ethanol will be given beside the device of instantaneous evaporation. The large part of ethanol evaporates and is condensed, whereas oleyl alcohol is non-volatile, and it is separated for the repeated use before the fermentation.

Acetate, which can be obtained as the by-product of the reaction of fermentation, can be also isolated from the fermentative bouillon, using the methods, known in this area of technology.

For example, it is possible to use the adsorptive system, which includes the activated carbon filter. In this case to preferably first remove bacterial cells from the fermentative bouillon, using the suitable separating device. In this area of technology the numerous methods of obtaining the noncellular fermentative bouillon for the isolations of product, based beyond the filtration, are known. Then noncellular (filtrate), which contains ethanol and acetate, they pass through the column, which contains activated carbon, for adsorbing acetate. Acetate in the form of acid (acetic acid) is more easily adsorbed by activated carbon, than salt form (acetate).

Therefore before the transmission of the enzymatic bouillon through the column with activated carbon to preferably decrease its pH to the value, which composes less than approximately 3 in order to convert major portion of acetate beside the form of acetic acid.

Acetic acid, adsorbed against activated carbon, can be isolated by elution, using the methods, known in this area of technology. For example, for the elution of connected acetate it is possible to use ethanol. Before some forms of realization for the elution of acetate it is possible to use same ethanol, obtained by means of the process of fermentation.

Since the boiling point of ethanol composes 78,8°[S], and the boiling point of acetic acid composes 107°[S], ethanol and acetate can be easily separated based on each other, using the method, based beyond the volatility, such as distillation.

Other methods of the isolation of acetate from the fermentative bouillon are also known before this area of technology and can be used. For example, before the patents US 6368819 and US 6753170 is described the system of solvent and cosoluent, which can be used for the extraction of acetic acid from the fermentative bouillon. It is analogous for the sake of system on the basis of oleyl alcohol, described for the extractive fermentation of ethanol, before the systems, described before the patents US 6368819 and US 6753170, is described the immiscible with the water solvent/the cosoluent, which can be mixed up with the fermentative bouillon either before the presence or in the absence fermenting microorganisms for the purpose of the extraction of the product, which is acetic acid. Then solvent/the cosoluent, which contains the product, which is acetic acid, is separated based on the bouillon by distillation. Then it is possible to use the second stage of distillation in order to clean system of solvent/of cosoluent from acetic acid.

The products of the reaction of fermentation (for example, ethanol and acetate) can be separated based on the fermentative bouillon via the continuous extraction of the part of the bouillon from the bioreactor of fermentation, separation of bacterial cells from bouillon (conveniently with the aid of the filtration) and isolation of one or more than products besides the bouillon simultaneously or consecutively. In the case of ethanol it is possible to conveniently allot by distillation, and acetate can be separated by adsorption against activated carbon, using methods described above. The isolated bacterial cells preferably return down the bioreactor of fermentation.

Noncellular, which is remained after the isolation of ethanol and acetate, they also preferably return down the bioreactor of fermentation. In order to supplement nutrient medium, before the return down the bioreactor beside cellular it is possible to add the additional nutrients (such as vitamins c). Also, if the pH of bouillon was led, as it is described above, for strengthening the adsorption of acetic acid against activated carbon, before the return down the bioreactor the pH one should again lead down the value the pH of bouillon before the bioreactor of fermentation.

The general information of the form of the realization of invention are described as an example. Nevertheless, it is understandable that the concrete stages or the installations, required before one form of realization, can not be required before another. On the contrary, stage or the installations, included in the description of the concrete form of realization, can be not necessarily preferably used before the forms of the realization, where they are not specially indicated.

Although the invention is in the broad sense described with the reference down any type of the flow, which can be moved across the system or around the system (systems) by means of any known means of displacement, before some forms of realization the biogas and the and/or mixed flows of substratum are gaseous. To specialists in this area of technology it is understandable that the concrete installations can be connected for the sake of the suitable pipeline means or to that similar, which can be designed for method or transmission of the flows through the system. It is possible to ensure pump or compressor in order to contribute down the delivery of flows beside the concrete installations. Furthermore, compressor can be used for an increase in the gas pressure, supplied down one or more than installations, for example, beside the bioreactor. As it was discussed in this work higher, the gas pressure inside the bioreactor can influence the effectiveness of the reactions of fermentation carried out before them. Thus, pressure can be regulated for increasing the effectiveness in the fermentation. The suitable pressures for the conventional reactions are known in this area of technology.

Furthermore, systems or methods on the invention can not necessarily include the means of regulation and/or checking of other parameters in order to increase the total effectiveness of method. For example, the concrete forms of realization can include the means of definition, which accomplish monitoring the composition of substratum and/or worked out flow (flows). Additionally the concrete forms of realization can include the means of the control of the delivery of the flow (flows) of substratum in concrete installations or elements in the limits of concrete system, if the means of determination determine that the composition of flow is suitable for concrete installation. For example, in the cases, where the flow of gaseous substratum contains low levels or high levels 02, which can be detrimentally for reacting the fermentation, the flow of substratum can be removed from the bioreactor. Before the concrete forms of the realization of invention the system includes means for monitoring and checking of the purposeful state of the flow of substratum and/or speed of current so that the flow, which has the desired or suitable composition, could be delivered beside the concrete installation.

Furthermore, there can be necessary to heat or to cool the concrete components of system or flow (i) of the substratum before the entering or during the presence before one or more than installations before the process. In such cases it is possible to use the known means of heating or cooling.

Various forms of the realization of systems on the invention are described before the accompanying graphic materials.

The alternative forms of realization, described on Fig. 1-5, include general with each other signs, and identical positions are used for the designation of one and the same or the similar signs before different graphic materials. Only new signs (relative to the previous graphic materials) are described, and therefore graphic materials must be examined in combination with the description Fig. 1.

As shown in Fig. 1, before one form of the realization of invention is proposed system and the method of production of one or is more than the products, where the system includes the following elements:

a. the installation of 2 catalytic oxidations, where methane is converted beside the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON2; ' the reactor of 6 syntheses of methanol, for the transformation at least of the part of the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON2, beside methanol; s. of means for the transmission at least of the part of the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON and/or2 of stage (a), beside the reactor of 6 syntheses of methanol and means for the transmission at least of the part of the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON and/or2 of stage (a), beside bioreactor 4 before and/or after the transmission of flow beside the reactor of 6 syntheses of methanol; <± first bioreactor 4, which contains culture of one either is more than the microorganisms, where bioreactor 4 is designed for the transformation at least of the part of the flow of substratum beside one or more than alcohols by microbiological fermentation; e. the reactor of 10 carbonylations of methanol, designed for the transformation of methanol and beside one or more than products and/or by-products and/or the withdrawals, where the reactor of 10 carbonylations of methanol is designed for the intake at least of the part of methanol and/or from the reactor of 6 syntheses of methanol; f. means for the transmission at least of the part of methanol and/or FROM the stage (') from the reactor of 6 syntheses of methanol beside the reactor of 10 carbonylations of methanol; d. of means for the transmission at least of part of one or are more than products and/or by-products and/or withdrawals besides the reactor of the carbonylation of methanol beside bioreactor 4 for the use as the joint substratum (substrata) during the microbiological fermentation; h. separating vessel for the removal at least of part of one or is more than products and/or by-products and/or withdrawals besides the flow, which emerges based on the reactor of 10 carbonylations of methanol, before the transmission of this flow beside bioreactor 4; i. second bioreactor 8, which contains culture of one either is more than the microorganisms, where bioreactor 8 is designed for the transformation at least of the part of the flow of substratum, enriched by hydrogen, beside one or it is more than acids by microbiological fermentation; and j. means for the transmission of the flow of substratum, enriched by hydrogen, which emerges based on first bioreactor 4 beside second bioreactor 8; where the flow of substratum, enriched by hydrogen, is the by-product of the reaction of the fermentation of stage (d).

According to the represented form of realization the reactor of the carbonylation of methanol assumes methanol and mono-oxide of carbon. Acetic acid can be produced, using the carbonylation of methanol, with the use of the conventional methodology and apparatus, as it is described in this work higher.

To specialist in this area of technology it is understandable that before the alternative forms of the realization of system it is possible to use the alternative methods of the production of acetic acid, as it is described before the present description above.

According to invention at least the part of the products of the reactor of the carbonylation of methanol will be given beside the bioreactor. As shown, it is possible to not necessarily use a stage of separation for the removal at least of the part of the products of reactor. For example, at least certain quantity of acetic acid can be gathered and removed from the bioreactor. A stage of separation can be, thus, used for the collection of the valuable or useful products of reactor. A separating device can be also used for the removal of any components of the flow, which emerges based on the reactor, which can be harmful for reacting the fermentation. For example, can be desirable the removal at least of the part of methanol, produced before the reactor. When it is desired it is possible to additionally or alternatively use other intermediate stages of working.

Mono-oxide of carbon and/or methanol, supplied down the reactor of the carbonylation of methanol, can be obtained in the form the flow of the exhaust gas of industrial process. The same or another flow of the exhaust gas it is possible to use, at least partially, for the supply down the fermentation a bioreactor. The use of flows of the exhaust gas recovers carbon from the worked out flows, which otherwise usually would be burnt before the torch or by other means were ejected beside air. Thus, invention ensures the catching of carbon, which would otherwise make a contribution to the problems, created by the gases, which produce greenhouse effect.

Such devices can provide the improved fermentation by the guarantee for the sake of its additional or alternative raw material. The improved production of acetic acid additionally or alternatively can also be result. For example, acetic acid can be additionally gathered from the bioreactor, and/or one or more than the withdrawals of bioreactor can be used for the supply in the process of the production of acetic acid before the reactor.

At least the flow of the exhaust gas, supplied down the bioreactor, can include BASED ON and/or2. Bioreactor contains culture of one either more than the microorganisms, capable besides the fermentation BASED ON and/or2, and also any products, obtained based on the reactor, for production of one or it is more than alcohols.

The first aspect of invention is represented on Fig. 2. according to the first aspect before the invention it is proposed the method of the production of products from the flow of gas, utilized before the process of the production of methanol. On Fig. 2 is shown the installation of 2 catalytic oxidations for the transformation of the flow of gas, which contains methane, beside the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON2. The flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON2, they pass beside bioreactor 4 for the conversion beside one or more than products by anaerobic fermentation.

On Fig. 3 is represented the system according to the following aspect of the invention, where the system includes the installation of 2 catalytic oxidations for obtaining the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON2; bioreactor 4 for the transformation at least of the part of the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON2; and the reactor of 6 syntheses of methanol for the transformation at least of the part of the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON2, beside methanol. As shown in Fig. 3, the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON2, it is possible to pass beside bioreactor 4 before and/or after the transmission of substratum beside the reactor of 6 syntheses of methanol.

The alternative form of the realization of system Fig. is represented on Fig. 4.

3, where the flow of substratum, which contains BASED ON2, they pass beside the reactor 6 syntheses of methanol before the transmission beside bioreactor 4.

The additional form of the realization of system Fig. is represented on Fig. 5.

3, additionally including second bioreactor 8. second bioreactor 8 is designed for the method of the flow of gas, enriched by hydrogen, which emerges based on first bioreactor 4. this flow of gas, enriched by hydrogen, contains2 and is not necessary02. On Fig. 5 represented optional isolation of hydrogen from the flow of gas, enriched by hydrogen, before the entering of this flow beside second bioreactor 8. on Fig. 5 is additionally shown the optional transmission Of02 from another source beside second bioreactor 8. bioreactor 8 is preferably designed for the production of acetic acid.

Before the present description the invention is described with the reference down some preferable forms of realization in order to make possible to the reader to achieve invention in practice without the excess experimentation.

To specialists in this area of technology it is understandable that the invention can be executed in practice before the large number of versions and modifications, which are differed from those concretely described. It is understandable that the invention includes all such versions and modifications. Furthermore, titles, title or to that similar are presented in order to ensure understanding this document to the reader, and one ought not to consider them limiting the volume of this invention. The complete descriptions of all patent applications, patents and the publications, cited in this work, are set in this operation by means of the reference.

It is more concrete specific, as understandable to specialists in this region of technology, applying the forms of the realization of invention they can include one or more additional elements. Before the concrete example or before the description the elements, necessary for understanding of invention before its different aspects, can be shown only. Nevertheless, the volume of invention is unconfined as far as the described forms of realization and includes systems and/or methods, which include one or more additional stages and/or one or the more substituting stages, and/or the systems and/or the methods, which prevent one or are more than stages.

Before this description the reference down any previous technological level is not confirmation or any form of the assumption that the previous technological level composes the part of the overall knowledge in the field of science in any country of world, and it must not interpret thus.

At the point of the elongation of entire this description and any point of the following formula of invention, if context does not require anything different, words “are included”, “including” and so forth should be interpreted before the sense inclusively, opposite down the sense of exception, i.e., before the sense “including, but unconfined”.