ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL WITH AN ELECTRODE HAVING DEPOSITED THEREON AN ELECTROCATALYST; PREPARATION OF SAID CELL

A hydrogen gas generator system

Ethylene-selective electrode with a mixed valence Cu4O3 catalyst

The invention relates to an electrode comprising Cu ...

Photoelectrode material and photocell material

Provided is a photoelectric conversion material which is obtained through easy processing from a substance containing silicon oxide, which is inexpensive, imposes no burden on the environment, and is stable, as a component. Also provided are a photocell and a secondary photocell both including the conversion material. Any of artificial quartz, molten quartz glass, soda-lime glass, non-alkali glass, and borosilicate glass, which are compositions containing silicon oxide, is pulverized, immersed in an aqueous solution of a hydrohalogenic acid, washed with water, and dried. The resultant material is deposited on an electrode plate and this electrode plate is placed in water to which a suitable electrolyte has been added. This electrode plate is electrically connected to a counter electrode and irradiated with light. Thus, the material is used as a photoelectrode. Alternatively, the material is enclosed together with an organic electrolyte in a vessel having a transparent electrode and a counter ...

Electrode for evolution of gaseous products and method of manufacturing thereof

The invention relates to an electrode suitable as anode for evolution of gaseous products comprising a metal substrate coated with at least one titanium suboxide layer having an interconnected porosity and containing catalytic noble metal oxides. The invention further relates to a method of manufacturing such electrode comprising applying a mixture of titanium suboxides and noble metal oxide-based catalyst on a valve metal substrate via cold gas spray technique.

METHOD OF STABILISING ELECTRODES COATED WITH MIXED OXIDE ELECTROCATALYSTS DURING USE IN ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS

The invention relates to an electrochemical cell with an electrode having deposited thereon an electrocatalyst which is a mixed oxide of nickel-molybdenum, nickel-tungsten, cobalt-molybdenum or cobalt-tungsten and containing an aqueous alkaline electrolyte comprising an aqueous solution of a molybdenum, vanadium or tungsten compound. The electrodes are preferably prepared by alternately coating an electrode core with a compound of nickel or cobalt, and with a compound of molybdenum or tungsten, said compounds being capable of thermal decomposition to the corresponding oxides, heating the coated core at an elevated temperature to form a layer of the mixed oxides on the core and finally curing the core with the mixed oxide layer thereon in a reducing atmosphere at a temperature between 350.degree.C and 600.degree.C.

METAL / METAL CHALCOGENIDE ELECTRODE WITH HIGH SPECIFIC SURFACE AREA

La présente invention concerne une électrode comprenant un support électro-conducteur dont au moins une partie de la surface est recouverte par un dépôt métallique de cuivre, la surface dudit dépôt étant sous une forme oxydée, sulfurée, sélénée et/ou tellurée et le dépôt ayant une surface spécifique supérieure à 1 m2 /g; un procédé de préparation d'une telle électrode; un dispositif électrochimique comprenant une telle électrode; et un procédé d'oxydation de l'eau en dioxygène impliquant une telle électrode.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ANODE FOR ALKALINE WATER ELECTROLYSIS, AND ANODE FOR ALKALINE WATER ELECTROLYSIS

Provided is a method capable of manufacturing, in an easy and low-cost manner, an electrolysis electrode which can be used in alkaline water electrolysis and has high resistance against output variation. The manufacturing method for an alkaline water electrolysis positive electrode includes: a step for dissolving lithium nitrate and nickel carboxylate in water to make an aqueous solution containing lithium ions and nickel ions; a step for applying the aqueous solution to a surface of a conductive substrate comprising, at least on the surface thereof, nickel or a nickel base alloy; and a step for thermally treating, at a temperature in the range of 450°C to 600°C, the conductive substrate to which the aqueous solution has been applied and forming on the conductive substrate a catalytic layer comprising a lithium-containing nickel oxide.

METHOD FOR FORMING AN ELECTROCATALYTIC SURFACE ON AN ELECTRODE AND THE ELECTRODE

The invention relates to a method of forming an electrocatalytic surface on an electrode in a simple way, in particular on a lead anode used in the electrolytic recovery of metals. The catalytic coating is formed by a spraying method which does not essentially alter the characteristics of the coating powder during spraying. Transition metal oxides are used as the coating material. After the spray coating the electrode is ready for use without further treatment. The invention also relates to an electrode onto which an electrocatalytic surface is formed.

ELECTROLYTIC CELL FOR PRODUCTION OF ORGANIC CHEMICAL HYDRIDES

Provided is an electrolytic cell for production of organic chemical hydrides which allows the reduction of an organic compound containing an unsaturated bond to proceed in a cathode at a high current efficiency and a low power consumption rate. The electrolytic cell (10) for production of organic chemical hydrides comprises: a proton-conductive solid polymer electrolyte membrane (11); a cathode (12) that is provided on one side of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane (11) and reduces a material to be hydrogenated, thereby generating a hydride; a cathode compartment (13) which contains the cathode (12) and into which the material to be hydrogenated is supplied; an electrode catalyst-containing anode (14) provided on the other side of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane (11) and oxidizes water, thereby generating protons; and an anode compartment (15) which contains the anode (14) and into which an electrolytic solution is supplied. The cathode (12) side and/or the anode (14) side of ...

Method of producing hydrogen peroxide using nanostructured bismuth oxide

The method of producing hydrogen peroxide using nanostructured bismuth oxide is an electrochemical process for producing hydrogen peroxide using a cathode formed as oxygen-deficient nanostructured bismuth oxide deposited as a film on the surface of a conducting substrate. An anode and the cathode are immersed in an alkaline solution saturated with oxygen in an electrolytic cell. An electrical potential is established across the cathode and the anode to initiate electrochemical reduction of the oxygen in the alkaline solution to produce hydrogen peroxide by oxygen reduction reaction.

MAGNETITE ELECTROCATALYST

An electrocatalyst including an iron foam substrate and magnetite (Fe3O4). At least one layer of the Fe3O4is deposited onto the iron foam substrate. At least one layer of the Fe3O4on the iron foam substrate is continuous. At least one layer of the Fe3O4on the iron foam substrate has a thickness of 0.01 micrometer (μm) to 50 μm. The Fe3O4is in a form of particles having a spherical shape with an average diameter of 0.01 to 2 μm.

Process for the manufacture of a solide oxide membrane electrode assembly

Composite materials

Ion conductive matrixes and their use

Method for forming an electrocatalytic surface on an electrode and the electrode

Electrolytic ammonia production using transition metal oxide catalysts

The invention relates to a process and system for electrolytic production ammonia.The process comprises feeding nitrogen to an electrolytic cell, where it comes in contact with a cathode electrode surface, wherein said surface has a catalyst surface comprising at least one transition metal oxide, the electrolytic cell further comprising a proton donor, and running a current through said electrolytic cell, whereby nitrogen reacts with protons to form ammonia. The process and system of the invention uses an electrochemical cell with a cathode surface having a catalytic surface that is preferably charged with one or more of Rhenium oxide, Tantalum oxide and Niobium oxide.

Electrolytic cell for the production of ammonia

The invention provides an electrolytic cell 10 for the production of ammonia (NH ...

SELECTIVE CATHODE FOR USE IN ELECTROLYTIC CHLORATE PROCESS

The present invention relates to a process for the production of alkali metal chlorate in a single compartment electrolytic cell, which avoids the need for addition of sodium dichromate to the process, in which unwanted side-reactions are reduced by using a cathode having an electrocatalytic top layer on a substrate that optionally also has one or more intermediate layers. The top electrocatalytic layer comprises an oxide of manganese and/or cerium.

ELECTRODE

An electrode substrate comprising M(n+1)AXn, where M is a metal of group IIIB, IVB,VB,VIB or VIII of the periodic table of elements or a combination thereof, A is an element of group IIIA, IVA, VA or VIA of the periodic table of elements or a combination thereof, X is carbon, nitrogen or a combination thereof, where n is 1, 2, or 3; and b) an electrocatalytic coating deposited on said electrode substrate, said coating being selected from at least one of b.1 ) a metal oxide and/or metal sulfide comprising ByC(1-y)Oz1Sz2, wherein B is at least one of ruthenium, platinum, rhodium, palladium, iridium, and cobalt, C is at least one valve metal, y is 0.4-0.9, 0 <= z1, z2 <= 2 and z1+z2=2; b.2) a metal oxide comprising BfCgDhEi, wherein B is at least one of ruthenium, platinum, rhodium, palladium, and cobalt, C is at least one valve metal, D is iridium, E is Mo and/or W, wherein f is 0-0.25 or 0.35-1, g is 0-1, h is 0-1, i is 0-1, wherein f+g+h+i=1; b.3) at least one noble metal; b.4) any alloy ...

MANAGEMENT OF GAS PRESSURE AND ELECTRODE STATE OF CHARGE IN ALKALINE BATTERIES

An inventive, new system that measures gas composition and pressure in the headspace of an aqueous electrolyte battery is described. The system includes a microcontroller that can use the composition and pressure information to connect a third electrode to either the anode(s) or the cathode(s) in order to balance the state of charge between the two. Results have shown that such a system can control the gas pressure inside a sealed flooded aqueous electrolyte battery to remain below 20 kPa (3 psi) and greatly extend the useable life of the battery.

REDUCING CARBON DIOXIDE TO PRODUCTS WITH AN INDIUM OXIDE ELECTRODE

A method reducing carbon dioxide to one or more organic products may include steps (A) to (E). Step (A) may introduce an anolyte to a first compartment of an electrochemical cell. The first compartment may include an anode. Step (B) may introduce a catholyte and carbon dioxide to a second compartment of the electrochemical cell. Step (C) may oxidize an indium cathode to produce an oxidized indium cathode. Step (D) may introduce the oxidized indium cathode to the second compartment. Step (E) may apply an electrical potential between the anode and the oxidized indium cathode sufficient for the oxidized indium cathode to reduce the carbon dioxide to a reduced product.

ELECTROLYTIC CELL FOR PRODUCTION OF ORGANIC CHEMICAL HYDRIDES

An electrolysis cell 10 for producing an organic chemical hydride includes a solid polymer electrolyte film 11 which has proton conductivity; a cathode 12 which is provided on one surface of the solid polymer electrolyte film 11 and generates a hydride by reducing a substance to be hydrogenated; a cathode chamber 13 which accommodates the cathode 12 and to which the substance to be hydrogenated is supplied; an electrode catalyst-containing anode 14 which is provided on another surface of the solid polymer electrolyte film 11 and generates a proton by oxidizing water; and an anode chamber 15 which accommodates the anode 14 and to which an electrolytic solution is supplied, in which at least one of a surface of the cathode 12 side and a surface of the anode 14 side of the solid polymer electrolyte film 11 is hydrophilized.

Molybdenum and tungsten nanostructures and methods for making and using same

The present invention provides molybdenum and tungsten nanostructures, for example, nanosheets and nanoparticles, and methods of making and using same, including using such nanostructures as catlysts for hydrogen evolution reactions.

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF AN ELECTRODE FOR ELECTROLYTIC APPLICATIONS

The present invention refers to a process for preparing a catalyst loaded electrode for electrochemical applications, the electrode itself and the use thereof, in particular for water electrolysis and fuel cell technology.

ЭЛЕКТРОД

FIELD: chemistry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to an electrode having a) an electrode substrate containing MAX, where M is a group IIIB-VIB or VIII metal or a combination thereof, A is a group III-VIA element or a combination thereof, X is carbon, nitrogen or a combination thereof, where n equals 1, 2 or 3; and b) an electrocatalytic coating deposited on said electrode substrate, which is selected from b.1) a metal oxide and/or a metal sulphide which contains BCOS, where B is at least one of ruthenium, platinum, rhodium, palladium, iridium and cobalt, C is at least one valve metal, y equals 0.4-0.9; 0<=z1, z2<=2 and z1+z2=2; b.2) a metal oxide which contains BCDE, where B is at least one of ruthenium, platinum, rhodium, palladium and cobalt, C is at least one valve metal, D is iridium, E is Mo and/or W. Wherein f equals 0-0.25 or 0.35-1, g equals 0-1, h equals 0-1, i equals 0-1, wherein f+g+h+i=1; b.3) at least one noble metal; b.4) any alloy or mixture containing iron-molybdenum, iron-tungsten, iron-nickel, ruthenium-molybdenum, ruthenium-tungsten or mixtures thereof; b.5) at least one nanocrystalline material. The invention also relates to a method of making an electrode, use thereof and a method of producing an alkali metal chlorate and an electrolysis cell for production thereof.EFFECT: improved operational characteristics of the electrode.20 cl, 3 dwg, 7 tbl, 8 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 487 197 (13) C2 (51) МПК C25B 1/26 (2006.01) C25B 11/06 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2010124406/07, 14.11.2008 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 14.11.2008 (73) Патентообладатель(и): АКЦО НОБЕЛЬ Н.В. (NL) R U Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 16.11.2007 EP 07120923.3 16.11.2007 US 60/988,527 (72) Автор(ы): РОСВАЛЛЬ Мангус (SE), ЭДВИНССОН АЛЬБЕРС Рольф (SE), ХЕДЕНСТЕДТ Кристоффер (SE) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 27.12.2011 Бюл. № 36 2 4 8 7 1 9 7 (45) ...

МАТЕРИАЛ ФОТОЭЛЕКТРОДА И МАТЕРИАЛ ФОТОЭЛЕМЕНТА

... 1. Материал фотоэлектрода, отличающийся тем, что содержит композицию, состоящую в основном из оксида кремния.2. Материал фотоэлектрода по п.1, отличающийся тем, что композиция, состоящая в основном из оксида кремния, представляет собой синтетический кварц.3. Материал фотоэлектрода по п.1, отличающийся тем, что композиция, состоящая в основном из оксида кремния, представляет собой спеченное кварцевое стекло.4. Материал фотоэлектрода по п.1, отличающийся тем, что композиция, состоящая в основном из оксида кремния, представляет собой натриево-кальциево-силикатное стекло.5. Материал фотоэлектрода по п.1, отличающийся тем, что композиция, состоящая в основном из оксида кремния, представляет собой бесщелочное стекло.6. Материал фотоэлектрода по п.1, отличающийся тем, что композиция, состоящая в основном из оксида кремния, представляет собой боросиликатное стекло.7. Материал фотоэлектрода по п.1, отличающийся тем, что композиция, состоящая в основном из оксида кремния, представляет собой стекловолокно ...

СПОСОБ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ЭЛЕКТРОДА ДЛЯ ЭЛЕКТРОКАТАЛИЗА

Настоящее изобретение относится к способу изготовления электрода, пригодного для электрокатализа, содержащего электрокаталитически активный материал, в частности, анода для щелочного гидролиза воды. Способ изготовления электрода, пригодного для электрокатализа, содержащего электрокаталитически активный материал, состоящий по существу из нелегированных или легированных оксидов металлов или их смеси с одним или более из сульфидов металлов, сульфитов металлов, сульфатов металлов, фосфатов металлов, фосфитов металлов и фосфидов металлов, включает стадии: (а) обеспечивают пригодную для электрода подложку, содержащую электронопроводящий материал; (b) обеспечивают смесь-прекурсор, содержащую по меньшей мере (i) источник нитратной соли металла М и (ii) топливный компонент, пригодный для синтеза горением раствора; (с) переносят на электронопроводящий материал подложки стадии (а) смесь-прекурсор стадии (b) с получением прекурсора электрода; (d) нагревают полученный на стадии (с) прекурсор электрода ...

METHOD FOR ELECTROLYZING ALKALINE WATER

Provided is an alkaline water electrolysis method capable of reducing or preventing degradation in cathode and anode performance even in an operation of repeated cycles of frequent starting and stopping, and/or even in an operation involving a significant output variation. The present invention provides an alkaline water electrolysis method including repeated cycles of intermittent operation, including an electrolysis step of performing alkaline water electrolysis including storing an electrolytic solution (16) in a circulation tank (5), feeding the electrolytic solution (16) in the circulation tank (5) to an anode chamber (2) and to a cathode chamber (3), returning an electrolytic solution generated in the cathode chamber (3) and an electrolytic solution generated in the anode chamber (2) to the circulation tank (5), mixing together these electrolytic solutions in the circulation tank (5), and recirculating the mixed electrolytic solution to the anode chamber (2) and to the cathode chamber ...

PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF METAL OXIDES NANOCRYSTALS AND THEIR USE FOR WATER OXIDATION

The present application refers to a process for preparing of nanostructured metal oxides such as cobalt oxide and transition metal incorporated cobalt oxides and nickel aluminium oxides and nickel metal supported on aluminium oxide using plant material such as spent tea leaves as a hard template and the use of such catalysts for water oxidation.

CATALYST SYSTEM, ELECTRODE, AND FUEL CELL OR ELECTROLYZER

The invention relates to a catalyst system (9), an electrode (1), which comprises the catalyst system (9), and a fuel cell (10) or an electrolyser having at least one such electrode (1). The catalyst system (9) comprises an electrically conductive carrier metal oxide and an electrically conductive, metal-oxide catalyst material, wherein the carrier metal oxide and the catalyst material differ in their composition and wherein the catalyst material and the carrier metal oxide are each stabilised with fluorine. A near-surface pH value, designated pzzp value (pzzp = point of zero zeta potential), of the carrier metal oxide and of the catalyst material differ from one another, wherein the pzzp value of either the carrier metal oxide or of the catalyst material is at most pH = 5. The catalyst material and the carrier metal oxide form an at least two-phase disperse oxide composite.

ELECTROCATALYTIC MATERIALS, AND METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING SAME

The present invention provides an electrocatalytic material and a method for making an electrocatalytic material. There is also provided an electrocatalytic material comprising amorphous metal or mixed metal oxides. There is also provided methods of forming an electrocatalyst, comprising an amorphous metal oxide film.

ANODE COATED WITH MAGNETITE AND THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF

An anode coated with magnetite is manufactured by electrodepositing iron on a metallic substrate consisting of titanium, zirconium, tantalum, or niobium and the like in an electrolyte containing ferrous sulfate, dipping said iron deposited substrate into a solution of ammonium ferric oxalate under a reduced pressure, and then heating said treated substrate in an atmosphere of a gaseous mixture of hydrogen and steam. The anode manufactured in this way is quite suitable for the production of chlorine, chlorates, and bromates, and, furthermore, it is also usable for electrolytic oxidation processes in general and as an anode for electro-winning of copper, for electrolysis of sodium sulphate, for cathodic protection, and for electrodialysis.

Electrolytic cell for the production of ammonia

The invention provides an electrolytic cell 10 for the production of ammonia (NH3), comprising an electrolytic cell unit 100 comprising a first electrode 110, a second electrode 120, and an electrolyte 133, further a voltage generator 210, a supply 220 of a dinitrogen comprising fluid 221, and a supply 230 of a water comprising fluid 231. The electrolyte is configured to allow transport of protons. The first electrode is permeable for protons, wherein the first electrode is at first side in contact with the electrolyte and at second side is in fluid contact with the supply of the dinitrogen comprising fluid. The second electrode is permeable for protons but impermeable to O2 and H2O. The second electrode is at first side also in contact with the electrolyte, and at second side in fluid contact with the supply of the water comprising fluid. The ammonia can be produced and stored in liquid form.

INTERLAYER FOR SOLID OXIDE CELL

Elektrochemisches Oxydationsverfahren und Vorrichtung zur Durchfuehrung dieses Verfahrens

ELEKTROLYTISCHE ABSCHEIDUNG VON BLEIDIOXYD

Electrode for evolution of gaseous products and method of manufacturing thereof

The invention relates to an electrode suitable as anode for evolution of gaseous products comprising a metal substrate coated with at least one titanium suboxide layer having an interconnected porosity and containing catalytic noble metal oxides. The invention further relates to a method of manufacturing such electrode comprising applying a mixture of titanium suboxides and noble metal oxide-based catalyst on a valve metal substrate via cold gas spray technique.

PROCESS FOR FORMING BARIUM METAPLUMBATE

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ANODE FOR ALKALINE WATER ELECTROLYSIS, AND ANODE FOR ALKALINE WATER ELECTROLYSIS

Provided is a method capable of manufacturing, in an easy and low-cost manner, an electrolysis electrode which can be used in alkaline water electrolysis and has high resistance against output variation. The manufacturing method for an alkaline water electrolysis positive electrode includes: a step for dissolving lithium nitrate and nickel carboxylate in water to make an aqueous solution containing lithium ions and nickel ions; a step for applying the aqueous solution to a surface of a conductive substrate comprising, at least on the surface thereof, nickel or a nickel base alloy; and a step for thermally treating, at a temperature in the range of 450°C to 600°C, the conductive substrate to which the aqueous solution has been applied and forming on the conductive substrate a catalytic layer comprising a lithium-containing nickel oxide.

Catalyst and use of same

A catalyst comprising: a titanium oxide having an anatase-type crystal structure, and having the vertices and the ridge lines, wherein in a single titanium oxide particle, a vertex density per unit surface area is 8.0×10−4 nm−2 or more, and a ridge line density per unit surface area is 5.0×10−2 nm or more, or a ridge line density per unit volume is 8.0×10−3 nm−2 or more. A complex comprising: a material having a porous structure; and said catalyst. A membrane electrode assembly comprising: an anode; cathode; and an electrolyte membrane, wherein the cathode carries said catalyst on at least a surface of the cathode.

Reducing Carbon Dioxide to Products with an Indium Oxide Electrode

A method reducing carbon dioxide to one or more organic products may include steps (A) to (E). Step (A) may introduce an anolyte to a first compartment of an electrochemical cell. The first compartment may include an anode. Step (B) may introduce a catholyte and carbon dioxide to a second compartment of the electrochemical cell. Step (C) may oxidize an indium cathode to produce an oxidized indium cathode. Step (D) may introduce the oxidized indium cathode to the second compartment. Step (E) may apply an electrical potential between the anode and the oxidized indium cathode sufficient for the oxidized indium cathode to reduce the carbon dioxide to a reduced product.

PEROVSKITE-BASED OXIDATION CATALYST FOR WATER ELECTROLYSIS OF ANION EXCHANGE MEMBRANE, AND METHOD FOR PREPARING OXIDATION CATALYST USING CO-PRECIPITATION METHOD

Provided are an oxidation catalyst for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis exhibiting excellent catalytic activity and electrical conductivity, a uniform particle size distribution and a large surface area, and excellent durability, and a preparation method thereof, an anode for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis and an anion exchange membrane water electrolysis system, each including the oxidation catalyst.

POROUS AMORPHOUS METAL OXIDE-BASED CATALYSTS FOR OXYGEN EVOLUTION REACTION AND WATER SPLITTING SYSTEM USING THE SAME

Disclosed are an electrochemical catalyst capable of lowering the overpotential of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) during a water splitting reaction in spite of using inexpensive metals (specifically, base metals) instead of conventional noble metal catalysts in the complex watersplitting reactions that require high overpotential, and a water splitting system using the same.

Method for forming an electrocatalytic surface on an electrode and the electrode

Management of gas pressure and electrode state of charge in alkaline batteries

An inventive, new system that measures gas composition and pressure in the headspace of an aqueous electrolyte battery is described. The system includes a microcontroller that can use the composition and pressure information to connect a third electrode to either the anode(s) or the cathode(s) in order to balance the state of charge between the two. Results have shown that such a system can control the gas pressure inside a sealed flooded aqueous electrolyte battery to remain below 20 kPa (3 psi) and greatly extend the useable life of the battery.

Electrolytic cell for the production of ammonia

The invention provides an electrolytic cell 10 for the production of ammonia (NH ...

THAT A HIGH PHOTOELECTROLYSE DEVICE, A METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SUCH A PHOTOCATHODE AND A PHOTOELECTROLYSE

L'invention concerne une photocathode (7) pour dispositif (1) de photoélectrolyse comprenant : - un substrat (11), - une couche (13) d'un conducteur métallique disposée sur le substrat (11), - au moins une première couche (15) d'un premier semi-conducteur de type p disposée sur la couche (13) de conducteur métallique, - au moins une deuxième couche (17) d'un deuxième semi-conducteur de type p disposée sur la première couche (15) du premier semi-conducteur de type p, au moins une troisième couche (19) d'un troisième semi-conducteur de type n formant couche de protection et disposée sur la deuxième couche (17) du deuxième semi-conducteur de type p, la troisième couche (19) du troisième semi-conducteur de type n étant stable en milieux aqueux de sorte à empêcher le contact entre un électrolyte aqueux et les première (15) et deuxième (17) couches des premier et deuxième semi-conducteurs de type p et étant composée d'un matériau du type ABO3, où A est choisi parmi Ca, Sr et Ba et B est choisi ...

CO2 capture and sequestration system utilizing high density geometric constructs

A catalytic system for CO2capture and sequestration. The system includes a reduction cell for separating a carrier medium having an anode generating oxygen, a cathode generating hydrogen, and a CO precursor from the carrier medium. In addition, the system includes a power supply for providing electrical power to the anode and the cathode. An electrolysis process occurs where oxygen, hydrogen, CO precursors are produced. The anode and the cathode include a plurality of geometrical constructs to increase an active surface area of a catalytic surface of the anode and cathode to increase an efficiency of the electrolysis process. The geometrical constructs may include vias and pillars. In one embodiment, a capillary action is produced for CO2sequestration across the catalytic surface having a plurality of vias.

ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТИЧЕСКОЕ ПОЛУЧЕНИЕ АММИАКА С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ КАТАЛИЗАТОРОВ НА ОСНОВЕ ОКСИДОВ ПЕРЕХОДНЫХ МЕТАЛЛОВ

Изобретение относится к способу получения аммиака, включающему: подачу N2 в электролитическую ячейку, содержащую по меньшей мере один источник протонов; обеспечение возможности контакта N2 с поверхностью катодного электрода в электролитической ячейке, где поверхность катодного электрода содержит каталитическую поверхность, содержащую по меньшей мере один оксид переходного металла, выбранный из группы, состоящей из оксида ниобия, оксида тантала, оксида осмия, оксида рения и оксида иридия, где по меньшей мере один оксид переходного металла содержит по меньшей мере одну поверхность, имеющую грань; и пропускание тока через указанную электролитическую ячейку, в результате чего азот реагирует с протонами с образованием аммиака. Также изобретение относится к системе. Изобретение дает возможность получения аммиака при комнатной температуре окружающей среды и атмосферном давлении. 2 н. и 20 з.п. ф-лы, 44 ил., 1 табл., 2 пр.

ЭЛЕКТРОД

... 1. Электрод, содержащий: ! a) электродную подложку, содержащую M(n+1)AXn, где М представляет собой металл группы IIIB, IVB, VB, VIB или VIII Периодической таблицы элементов или их комбинацию, А представляет собой элемент группы IIIA, IVA, VA или VIA Периодической таблицы элементов или их комбинацию, Х представляет собой углерод, азот или их комбинацию, где n составляет 1, 2 или 3; и ! b) электрокаталитическое покрытие, осажденное на упомянутой электродной подложке, выбранное из по меньшей мере одного из ! b.1) оксида металла и/или сульфида металла, содержащего ByC(1-y)Oz1Sz2, где В представляет собой по меньшей мере один из рутения, платины, родия, палладия, иридия и кобальта, С представляет собой по меньшей мере один вентильный металл, y составляет 0,4-0,9, 0<=z1, z2<=2 и z1+z2=2; ! b.2) оксида металла, содержащего BfCgDhEi, где В представляет собой по меньшей мере один из рутения, платины, родия, палладия и кобальта, С представляет собой по меньшей мере один вентильный металл, D представляет ...

Interlayer for solid oxide cell

Process for forming barium metaplumbate

Photocathode for a photoelectrolysis device, method for producing such a photocathode, and photoelectrolysis device

The invention relates to a photocathode (7) for a photoelectrolysis device (1), comprising: a substrate (11); a layer (13) of a metal conductor arranged on the substrate (11); at least one first layer (15) of a first, p-type semiconductor arranged on the layer (13) of metal conductor; at least one second layer (17) of a second, p-type semiconductor arranged on the first layer (15) of the first, p-type semiconductor; and at least one third layer (19) of a third, n-type semiconductor forming a protective layer and arranged on the second layer (17) of the second, p-type semiconductor, the third layer (19) of the third, n-type semiconductor being stable in aqueous media so as to prevent contact between an aqueous electrolyte and the first (15) and second (17) layers of the first and second, p-type semiconductors and consisting of an ABO

método para formação de uma superfìcie eletrocatalìtica sobre um eletrodo e respectivo eletrodo

DIRECT CONVERSION OF AIR TO AMMONIA AND NITRIC ACID VIA ADVANCED MANUFACTURED ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTORS

An advanced manufactured electrochemical reactor to convert air (N2+O2) to nitric acid (HNO3) and ammonia (NH3). The electrochemical reactor platform can be tailored via advanced manufacturing to improve activity, selectivity, energy efficiency and stability of the reactions.

Electrolyser

An electrolyser 200 for producing hydrogen is detailed. It comprises: a cathode structure comprising a first PCB plate 202 and an electrically conductive substrate 220; an anode structure comprising a second PCB plate 204 and an electrically conductive substrate 220. An anion exchange membrane (AEM) 218 is located between the cathode structure 202 and the anode structure 204. Two transport layers 214,216 are also present where one transport layer 216 is disposed between the anode structure 204 and the anion exchange membrane 218 and one transport layer 214 is disposed between the cathode structure 202 and the anion exchange membrane 218. There is also at least one fluid path to supply an electrolyte to the electrolyser. The PCB plates may also comprise copper plated layers with subsequent nickel overlayers. The transport layer 214,216 may also comprise a catalyst and porous material such as felt or metal mesh.

ELECTROLYTIC AMMONIA PRODUCTION USING TRANSITION METAL OXIDE CATALYSTS

The invention relates to a process and system for electrolytic production ammonia.The process comprises feeding nitrogen to an electrolytic cell, where it comes in contact with a cathode electrode surface, wherein said surface has a catalyst surface comprising at least one transition metal oxide, the electrolytic cell further comprising a proton donor, and running a current through said electrolytic cell, whereby nitrogen reacts with protons to form ammonia. The process and system of the invention uses an electrochemical cell with a cathode surface having a catalytic surface that is preferably charged with one or more of Rhenium oxide, Tantalum oxide and Niobium oxide.

ELECTROCATALYTIC MATERIALS, AND METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING SAME

The present invention provides an electrocatalytic material and a method for making an electrocatalytic material. There is also provided an electrocatalytic material comprising amorphous metal or mixed metal oxides. There is also provided methods of forming an electrocatalyst, comprising an amorphous metal oxide film.

dispositivos eletrolíticos e métodos para produção de peróxido de hidrogênio seco

ALKALINE WATER ELECTROLYSIS METHOD, AND ANODE FOR ALKALINE WATER ELECTROLYSIS

The present invention realizes industrially excellent effects such that when electric power having a large output fluctuation, such as renewable energy, is used as a power source, electrolysis performance is unlikely to be deteriorated and excellent catalytic activity is retained stably over a longer period of time, and in addition, the present invention provides a technique that enables forming a catalyst layer of an oxygen generation anode, which gives such excellent effects, with a more versatile materials and by a simple electrolysis method. Provided are an alkaline water electrolysis method including supplying an electrolyte obtained by dispersing a catalyst containing a hybrid nickel-iron hydroxide nanosheet (NiFe-ns) being a composite of a metal hydroxide and an organic substance to an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, and using the electrolyte for electrolysis in each chamber in common, an alkaline water electrolysis method including supplying an electrolyte obtained by dispersing ...

Process

Van der Waals heterostructures

A method suitable for use in the fabrication of a van der Waals heterostructure, the method comprises the steps of applying a mask 16 to a substrate 14, rubbing a first material 12 against the substrate 14 to deposit and apply, by abrasion, a first layer of the first material to the substrate 14, applying a second mask over the first layer, and rubbing a second material against the substrate 14 to apply, by abrasion, a second layer of the second material over at least part of the first layer. The second material may be less hard or less abrasive than the first material 12. The first and second materials may be applied using a rotatable head 10. A further step may include the transfer of a prefabricated element which may comprise a layer formed by CVD. A multi-layered structure formed using this method is specified, where the structure may further comprise a photo detector, a light emitting device, a transistor, a capacitor, a resistor, a superconducting memory device, a single photon emitter ...

METHOD FOR ELECTROLYZING ALKALINE WATER

Provided is a method for electrolyzing alkaline water whereby degradation of cathode and anode performance can be minimized even when operation is carried out in conditions of frequent repetition of starting and stopping and in conditions of considerably fluctuating output. The present invention provides a method for electrolyzing alkaline water in which intermittent operation is repeated, the method for electrolyzing alkaline water being characterized in comprising: an electrolysis step for housing an electrolyte (16) in a circulation tank (5), feeding the electrolyte (16) in the circulation tank (5) to an anode chamber (2) and a cathode chamber (3), returning the electrolyte generated in the cathode chamber (3) and the electrolyte generated in the anode chamber (2) to the circulation tank (5), mixing the electrolyte in the circulation tank (5), and thereafter electrolyzing alkaline water while the mixed electrolyte is recirculated to the anode chamber (2) and the cathode chamber (3); ...

Method and apparatus for energy efficient electrochemical production of hydride gases

Described are electrochemical systems and methods for the generation of high purity hydride gases, e.g. for delivery to semiconductor fabrication reactors.

PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION DEVICE

A photoelectrochemical reaction device in an embodiment includes: first and second photovoltaic cells each including a first electrode, a second electrode, and a photovoltaic layer; first and second reaction electrode pairs each including a third electrode and a fourth electrode; and an electrolytic bath storing a first electrolytic solution in which the third electrodes are immersed and a second electrolytic solution in which the fourth electrodes are immersed. One of the third and fourth electrodes causes an oxidation reaction, and the other of the third and fourth electrodes causes a reduction reaction. The first photovoltaic cell is electrically connected to the first reaction electrode pair, and the second photovoltaic cell is electrically connected to the second reaction electrode pair.

ELECTROLYSIS ELECTRODE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME

AMMONIA DEHYDROGENATION

Magneli-phase-oxide useful as catalyst for electrochemical hydrogen generation by electrolysis using acid electrolytes

The Magneli-phase-oxide useful as catalyst for electrochemical hydrogen generation by electrolysis using acid electrolytes, is claimed. Independent claims are included for: (1) a cathode for electrochemical hydrogen generation; (2) a layer composite; (3) a method for the production of a catalyst layer for a cathode for electrochemical hydrogen generation; and (4) a method for electrochemical hydrogen generation.

Cobalt-Molybdän beinhaltender Wasseroxidationskatalysator

Offenbart ist ein Verfahren zum Oxidieren von Wasser unter Verwendung von hydriertem Cobalt-Molybdän. Eine Mehrzahl von hydrierten Cobalt-Molybdän-Nanopartikeln ist auf einer Elektrode getragen und ist imstande, mit Wassermolekülen unter Erzeugung von Sauerstoff katalytisch zu interagieren. Der Katalysator kann als Teil einer elektrochemischen oder photo-elektrochemischen Zelle zur Erzeugung von elektrischer Energie verwendet werden.

Anode

ELECTROLYSIS ELECTRODE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME

In order to provide an electrolysis electrode that is able to maintain superior catalytic activity in a stable manner over a long period of time without a deterioration in electrolytic performance, even when power such as renewable energy for which there is a large fluctuation in the output is used as the power source, an electrolysis electrode 10 comprises: a conductive substrate 2 at least the surface of which comprises nickel or a nickel-based alloy; an intermediate layer 4 formed on the surface of the conductive substrate 2 and comprising a lithium-containing nickel oxide represented by the composition formula LixNi2-xO2 (0.02=x=0.5); and a catalyst layer 6 of a nickel cobalt spinel oxide, iridium oxide, or the like formed on the surface of the intermediate layer 4.

ELECTROLYTIC DEVICES AND METHODS FOR DRY HYDROGEN PEROXIDE PRODUCTION

The present disclosure provides for and includes electrocatalytic devices and methods for the production of Dry Hydrogen Peroxide (DHP), a non-hydrated, gaseous form of hydrogen peroxide.

ELECTROCATALYST FOR HYDROGEN EVOLUTION REACTION

The electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction includes nanosheets of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) deposited on a carbon fiber substrate. The catalyst is formed in stepwise fashion by chemical vapor deposition of nanosheets of MoO3 onto the substrate, then reducing the MoO3 to nanosheets of MoO2 using sublimed sulfur, then by reaction of sulfur vapor with the MoO2 to form nanosheets of MoS2 on the carbon fiber substrate. The catalyst is multifaceted, having a large density of edges providing catalytically active sites for the hydrogen evolution reaction. The activity of the catalyst is enhanced by coating the catalyst with spherical fullerenes (nC60).

NANOCRYSTALLINE ALLOYS OF THE FE3AL(RU) TYPE AND USE THEREOFOPTIONALLY IN NANOCRYSTALLINE FORM FOR MAKING ELECTRODES FOR SODIUM CHLORATE SYNTHESIS

L'invention vise un alliage nanocristallin de formule : Fe3-X Al1+X My Tz; dans laquelle : M représente au moins une espèce catalytique choisi dans le groupe constitué par Ru, Ir, Pd, Pt, Rh, Os, Re, Ag et Ni; T représente au moins un élément choisi dans le groupe constitué par Mo, Co, Cr, V, Cu, Zn, Nb, W, Zr, Y, Mn, Cb, Si, B, C, O, N, P, F, S, Cl et Na; x est un nombre supérieur à -1 et inférieur ou égal à +1; y est un nombre supérieur à O et inférieur ou égal à +1; z est un nombre compris entre O et +1. L'invention vise aussi l'usage de l'alliage ci-dessus sous forme nanocristalline ou non pour la fabrication d'électrodes destinées notamment à la synthèse du chlorate de sodium.

ELECTRODE FOR EVOLUTION OF GASEOUS PRODUCTS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THEREOF

The invention relates to an electrode suitable as anode for evolution of gaseous products comprising a metal substrate coated with at least one titanium suboxide layer having an interconnected porosity and containing catalytic noble metal oxides. The invention further relates to a method of manufacturing such electrode comprising applying a mixture of titanium suboxides and noble metal oxide-based catalyst on a valve metal substrate via cold gas spray technique.

3D REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDE FOAMS EMBEDDED WITH NANOCATALYSTS, SYNTHESIZING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS OF SAME

A method of synthesizing a three-dimensional (3D) reduced graphene oxide (RGO) foam embedded with water-splitting nanocatalysts includes providing at least one solution containing at least one precursor of nanocatalysts, and a graphene oxide (GO) aqueous suspension; mixing the GO aqueous suspension with the at least one solution to form a mixture suspension; and performing hydrothermal reaction in the mixture suspension to form a 3D RGO foam embedded with the nanocatalysts.

CATALYST FOR WATER SPLITTING REACTIONS

A perovskite-type oxide catalyst for water-splitting reactions is provided. The catalyst, Ca2-ySryFe1-xCo1-xMn2xO6-δ where y=0.10-1.90 and x=0.05-0.95, has catalytic activity for both hydrogen- and oxygen-evolution reactions. An exemplary catalyst is CaSrFe0.75Co0.75Mn0.5O6-δ.

METHOD FOR FORMING AN ELECTROCATALYTIC SURFACE ON AN ELECTRODE AND THE ELECTRODE

ION EXCHANGE MEMBRANE AND ELECTROLYZER

This ion exchange membrane has: a layer S comprising a fluorine-containing polymer with sulfonic acid groups; a layer C comprising a fluorine-containing polymer with carboxylic acid groups; and multiple reinforcing materials that are disposed inside the layer S and function as reinforcing yarns and/or sacrificial yarns. When the ion exchange membrane is viewed from the top and the average membrane cross-section thickness in pure water of regions in which there are no reinforcing materials is A and the average membrane cross-section thickness in pure water of regions in which the reinforcing yarns intersect each other and regions in which the reinforcing yarns intersect with sacrificial yarns is B, A and B satisfy the expressions (1) and (2). (1) B=240 µm (2) 2.0=B/A=5.0 ...

THAT A HIGH PHOTOELECTROLYSE DEVICE, A METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SUCH A PHOTOCATHODE AND A PHOTOELECTROLYSE

Methods and Apparatus for Ultrathin Catalyst Layer for Photoelectrode

In exemplary implementations of this invention, a photoelectrode includes a semiconductor for photocarrier generation, and a catalyst layer for altering the reaction rate in an adjacent electrolyte. The catalyst layer covers part of the semiconductor. The thickness of the catalyst layer is less than 60% of its minority carrier diffusion distance. If the photoelectrode is a photoanode, it has an OEP that is more than the potential of the valance band edge but less than the potential of the Fermi level of the semiconductor. If it is a photocathode, it has an RHE potential that is less than the potential of the conduction band edge but more than the potential of the Fermi level of the semiconductor. The absolute value of difference (OEP minus potential of valence band edge, or RHE potential minus potential of conduction band edge) is greater than zero and less than or equal to 0.2V.

Electrochemical Method for the Production of Graphene Composites and Cell for Conducting the Same

A method of making an electrically conductive composite includes applying graphene oxide (27) to at least one non-conductive porous substrate (25) and then reducing the graphene oxide (27) to graphene via an electrochemical reaction. An electrochemical cell (10) for causing a reaction that produces an electrically conductive composite includes a first electrode (13), a second electrode (15), an ion conductive medium (17), electrical current in communication with the first electrode, and an optional third electrode having a known electrode potential. The first electrode (13) contains at least one layered electrocatalyst, which includes at least one non-conductive porous substrate (25) coated with graphene oxide (27) and at least a first and second active metal layer (29a, 29b) comprising a conductive metal in contact with the non-conductive porous substrate (25) coated with graphene oxide (27).

SUBNANOMETER CATALYTIC CLUSTERS FOR WATER SPLITTING, METHOD FOR SPLITTING WATER USING SUBNANOMETER CATALYST CLUSTERS

The invention provides a catalytic electrode for converting molecules, the electrode comprising a predetermined number of single catalytic sites supported on a substrate. Also provided is a method for oxidizing water comprising contacting the water with size selected catalyst clusters. The invention also provides a method for reducing an oxidized moiety, the method comprising contacting the moiety with size selected catalyst clusters at a predetermined voltage potential.

DISPOSITIVOS Y MÉTODOS ELECTROLÍTICOS PARA LA PRODUCCIÓN DE PERÓXIDO DE HIDRÓGENO SECO

La presente revelación proporciona e incluye dispositivos y métodos electrocatalíticos para la producción de Peróxido de Hidrógeno Seco (DHP), una forma gaseosa, no hidratada, del peróxido de hidrógeno.

PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF METAL OXIDES NANOCRVSTALS AND THEIR USE FOR WATER OXIDATION

The present application refers to a process for preparing of nanostructured metal oxides such as cobalt oxide and transition metal incorporated cobalt oxides and nickel aluminium oxides and nickel metal supported on aluminium oxide using plant material such as spent tea leaves as a hard template and the use of such catalysts for water oxidation.

Methods of making highly conductive photoelectrochemical electrodes

A photoelectrode, containing a highly conductive coating material having a band gap greater than 0 to about 3.0 e.V. on a substrate containing a semiconductor material, is utilized in photovoltaic cells, photoelectrosynthesis and photoelectrocatalysis.

OXYGEN CATALYST AND ELECTRODE USING SAID OXYGEN CATALYST

Provided are: an oxygen catalyst that uses an alkaline aqueous solution as an electrolyte and has high catalytic activity; and an electrode. The oxygen catalyst according to the present invention is an oxygen catalyst in which an alkaline aqueous solution is used as an electrolyte, the oxygen catalyst being characterized by having a pyrochlore oxide structure including bismuth on an A-site and ruthenium on a B-site, and containing manganese as well as bismuth and ruthenium. The electrode according to the present invention is characterized by using the oxygen catalyst according to the present invention. 110-. (canceled)11. An oxygen catalyst that uses an alkaline aqueous solution as an electrolyte , the oxygen catalyst comprising a structure of a pyrochlore oxide with bismuth located at A-sites and ruthenium at B-sites , and containing manganese as well as the bismuth and the ruthenium.12. The oxygen catalyst of claim 11 , wherein the pyrochlore oxide further contains sodium.13. The oxygen catalyst of claim 12 , wherein the sodium is less than 15 atom % in an atomic ratio of four elements that are the bismuth claim 12 , the ruthenium claim 12 , the manganese claim 12 , and the sodium.14. The oxygen catalyst of claim 13 , wherein the sodium is 11 atom % to 14 atom % in the atomic ratio of the four elements that are the bismuth claim 13 , the ruthenium claim 13 , the manganese claim 13 , and the sodium.15. The oxygen catalyst of claim 11 , wherein the manganese is located at the B sites.16. The oxygen catalyst of claim 12 , wherein the manganese is located at the B sites.17. The oxygen catalyst of claim 13 , wherein the manganese is located at the B sites.18. The oxygen catalyst of claim 11 , wherein the manganese is 15 atom % or less in an atomic ratio of three elements that are the bismuth claim 11 , the ruthenium claim 11 , and the manganese.19. The oxygen catalyst of claim 13 , wherein the manganese is 15 atom % or less in an atomic ratio of three elements that are ...

Method of stabilizing electrodes coated with mixed oxide electrocatalysts during use in electrochemical cells

PCT No. PCT/GB79/00040 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 22, 1979 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 22, 1979 PCT Filed Mar. 5, 1979 PCT Pub. No. WO79/00709 PCT Pub. Date Sep. 20, 1979.An electrochemical cell with an electrode having deposited thereon an electrocatalyst which is a mixed oxide of nickel-molydenum, nickel-tungsten, cobalt-molydenum or cobalt-tungsten and containing an aqueous alkaline electrolyte comprising an aqueous solution of a molybdenum, vanadium or tungsten compound. The electrodes are preferably prepared by alternately coating an electrode core with a compound of nickel or cobalt, and with a compound of molydenum or tungsten, said compounds being capable of thermal decomposition to the corresponding oxides, heating the coated core at an elevated temperature to form a layer of the mixed oxides on the core and finally curing the core with the mixed oxide layer thereon in a reducing atmosphere at a temperature between 350 DEG C. and 600 DEG C. The cells are particularly suitable for use in the ...

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A CATALYST-COATED THREE-DIMENSIONALLY STRUCTURED ELECTRODE

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer katalysatorbeschichteten dreidimensional strukturierten Elektrode. Eine mesoporöse Katalysatorschicht wird dabei auf ein dreidimensional strukturiertes Metallsubstrat synthetisiert, indem zunächst eine Suspension aus einem Templat, einem Metall-Präkursor und einem Lösungsmittel generiert und auf das dreidimensional strukturierte Metallsubstrat aufgetragen wird. Danach wird das dreidimensional strukturierte Metallsubstrat getrocknet, sodass das Lösungsmittel innerhalb des Suspensionsfilms verdampft und eine Schicht einer Katalysatorvorstufe mit integrierten Templatstrukturen erhalten wird. Abschließend wird das Katalysatorvorstufen umfassenden dreidimensional strukturierte Metallsubstrats einer thermischen Behandlung unterzogen, sodass eine mesoporöse Katalysatorschicht entsteht. Darüber hinaus betrifft die Erfindung Elektrode, welche durch das Verfahren eingangs genannter Art hergestellt wurde, sowie eine Elektrochemische Zelle ...

Lithium-Cobalt-Germanat umfassender Wasseroxidationskatalysator

Die vorliegende Offenbarung stellt ein Verfahren oder einen Vorgang, eine Apparatur und/oder Zusammensetzung zum Katalysieren der Oxidation von Wasser bereit, um Wasserstoffionen und Sauerstoff zu erzeugen. Der Katalysator umfasst Lithium-Cobalt-Germanat.

Van der Waals heterostructures

Improvements in or relating to Electrodeposition of Lead Dioxide

... 1,159,241. Electro-depositing lead dioxide; anodizing; producing chlorine, producing bromine- and iodine-compounds; chrome plating. F. D. GIBSON, B. B. HALKER and R. L. THAYER. July 19, 1966 [July 22, 1965; Jan. 13, 1966], No. 32298/ 66. Heading C7B. PbO 2 is electro-deposited as a coating on a substrate using an electrolyte containing Pb(NO 3 ) 2 (e.g. 50-200 g/1) and HNO 3 (e.g. 5-20 g/1) (e.g. at 73-92‹ C. ) with the Fe content of the electrolyte arranged to be in the range of from 0 to 0À02 g/1 of electrolyte calculated as free Fe at least at the start of the electro-deposition. The electrolyte may contain NaF. Both copper nitrate and nickel nitrate may be substantially absent from the electrolyte. Details are given for removing Fe and chlorides from the electrolyte. The process may be operated continuously with effluent electrolyte from the electrolytic cell being replenished with PbO and returned to the cell through a continuous circuit. At repeated intervals, samples of the electrolyte ...

Bipolar electrodes with graphite as the carrier and their production

Bipolar electrodes with graphite as the carrier have a layer of chromium trioxide not less than 10 mu m thick on both the anode face and the cathode face. The electrodes are produced by plasma-spraying chromium trioxide powder onto a graphite layer, and can be used as bipolar electrodes in alkali metal chloride electrolysis cells.

Kohlenwasserstoff-selektive Elektrode

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Elektrode, umfassend mindestens eine tetragonal kristallisierte Verbindung enthaltend mindestens ein Element ausgewählt aus Cu und Ag, wobei das Kristallgitter der Verbindung zu der Raumgruppe I4/amd gehört.

Interlayer for solid oxide cell

A method of forming an interlayer 250/260 of a solid oxide cell unit 200 on the surface of a substrate 220 comprises the steps of: providing a base interlayer solution comprising a solution of a soluble salt precursor of a metal oxide (crystalline) ceramic and crystalline nanoparticles, depositing the base interlayer solution on the surface of the substrate, drying the base interlayer solution to define a nanocomposite sub-layer of the soluble salt precursor and nanoparticles, heating the sub-layer to decompose it and form a film of metal oxide comprising nanoparticles on the surface, and firing the substrate with the film on the metal surface, to form a nanocomposite crystalline layer. The substrate is preferably an electrolyte layer, most preferably a mixed ionic electronic conducting material such as a CGO. The nanoparticles may comprise doped zirconia and may be yttria stabilised. An electrolyte material comprising an oxide material formed from a colloidal dispersion of electrolyte ...

Ammonia dehydrogenation

LEAD DIOXIDE ELECTRODE

... 1373611 Lead dioxide electrode ELECTRICITY COUNCIL 5 Jan 1972 [12 Jan 1971] 1502/71 Heading C7B A process for producing an electrode consisting of a titanium substrate coated with lead dioxide in valves degreasing the titanium substrate, removing the titanium oxide film by cathodic polarization and then anodically depositing lead dioxide from a solution containing one or more lead salts such that the anode current density is increased during the electro-deposition. The titanium substrate may be an expanded grid or gauze and may be sealed in a rim of plastics material. The degreasing solvent may be trichloro ethylene. The electrolyte for the cathodic treatment may be sulphuric or hydrochloric acid and the counterelectrodes may be platinized titanium or lead dioxide. The electro-deposition of lead dioxide may be carried out in two parts. In the first part the anode current is 20-50 mA/cm2 for ¢-2 hrs and in the second part 50-100 mA/cm2 for ¢-3 hrs. The cathodic may be stainless ...

Electrolytic devices and methods for dry hydrogen peroxide production

The present disclosure provides for and includes electrocatalytic devices and methods for the production of Dry Hydrogen Peroxide (DHP), a non-hydrated, gaseous form of hydrogen peroxide.

Oxygen generation electrode and oxygen generation apparatus

An oxygen generation electrode includes, a conductive layer including a salt of stannic acid, the salt of stannic acid having a perovskite structure, a light absorption layer disposed on the conductive layer, and a catalyst layer disposed on the light absorption layer, the catalyst layer including an oxide having a perovskite structure and being responsible for an oxygen evolution reaction, the conductive layer being doped to degeneracy with impurities, the light absorption layer forming a Type-II heterojunction with the conductive layer, the catalyst layer being doped to degeneracy with impurities, the upper end of the valence band of the catalyst layer being higher than the upper end of the valence band of the light absorption layer.

Photocathode for a photoelectrolysis device, method for producing such a photocathode, and photoelectrolysis device

A photocathode for a photoelectrolysis device, including: a substrate; a layer of a metal conductor arranged on the substrate; at least one first layer of a first, p-type semiconductor arranged on the layer of metal conductor; at least one second layer of a second p-type semiconductor arranged on the first layer of the first, p-type semiconductor; and at least one third layer of a third, n-type semiconductor forming a protective layer and arranged on the second layer of the second, p-type semiconductor, the third layer of the third, n-type semiconductor being stable in aqueous media to prevent contact between an aqueous electrolyte and the first and second layers of the first and second, p-type semiconductors and including a material of ABO 3 material, wherein A is selected from Ca, Sr and Ba and B is selected from Ti, Fe.

ELECTRODE CATALYST AND METHD FOR PRODUCING AMINE COMPOUND

An electrode catalyst in which a metal or a metal oxide is supported on an electrode support composed of a conductive substance is provided. It is preferable that the electrode support contain one or more metals which are selected from the group consisting of a transition metal and a typical metal in Groups 12 to 14 or a carbon material and the metal or the metal oxide contain one or more metals which are selected from the group consisting of a transition metal and a typical metal in Groups 12 to 14 or a metal oxide. 1. An electrode catalyst , in which a metal or a metal oxide is supported on an electrode support composed of a conductive substance.2. The electrode catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the electrode support comprises one or more metals selected from the group consisting of a transition metal and a typical metal in Groups 12 to 14 claim 1 , or a carbon-based material claim 1 , andthe metal or the metal oxide comprises one or more kinds of a metal or a metal oxide, wherein the metal is selected from a transition metal and a typical metal in Groups 12 to 14.3. The electrode catalyst according to claim 2 , wherein the metal comprised in the electrode support is one or more metals selected from the group consisting of a transition metal in Groups 4 to 11 and a typical metal in Groups 12 to 14 claim 2 , andthe metal or the metal oxide supported on the electrode support is one or more metals selected from the group consisting of a transition metal in Groups 4 to 11 and a typical metal in Groups 12 to 14 or metal oxides.4. The electrode catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide is supported on the electrode support claim 1 , andthe metal oxide is an oxide of a metal having the same element as the metal comprised in the electrode support.5. The electrode catalyst according to claim 4 , wherein fine particles of a metal oxide wherein the metal is titanium or a metal comprising titanium are further supported on the metal oxide supported on the ...

Hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst

Systems and methods for a hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst are provided. Electrode material includes a plurality of clusters. The electrode exhibits bifunctionality with respect to the hydrogen evolution reaction. The electrode with clusters exhibits improved performance with respect to the intrinsic material of the electrode absent the clusters.

OXYGEN EVOLUTION REACTION CATALYSIS

An oxygen evolution reaction catalyst is a ternary metal oxide that includes Mn and is represented by MnSbOin the rutile crystal phase and MMnOwhere M is selected from the group consisting of Ca, Ni, Sr, Zn, Mg, Ni, Ba, Co and where u/(u+v) is greater than 33%. 1. A composition of matter , comprising: Mn , Sb , and oxygen arranged in a rutile crystal phase that includes more Mn than Sb.2. The composition of matter of claim 1 , wherein the rutile crystal phase consists of the Mn claim 1 , the Sb claim 1 , and the oxygen.3. The composition of matter of claim 1 , wherein the composition is represented by MnSbOwhere v is greater than w and w is greater than 0.0.4. The composition of matter of claim 3 , wherein u/(u+v) is greater than 50% and less than or equal to 70%.5. An electro-oxidation system claim 3 , comprising:{'sub': u', 'v', 'w, 'an oxidation catalyst that includes MnSbOin the rutile crystal phase where u/(u+v) is greater than 33% and w is greater than 0.0.'}6. The system of claim 5 , wherein u/(u+v) is greater than 55%.7. The system of claim 6 , wherein u/(u+v) is greater than 55% and less than or equal to 70%.8. The system of claim 5 , wherein the catalyst is included in an anode.9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the anode includes a catalytic layer on a current collector and the catalytic layer includes the catalyst.10. The system of claim 9 , wherein the current collector is photoactive.11. The system of claim 9 , wherein the anode contacts an anolyte having a pH less than 3.12. The system of claim 11 , wherein the MnSbOcatalyzes oxygen evolution.13. An electro-oxidation system claim 11 , comprising:{'sub': x', 'y', 'z, 'an anode that includes one or more components represented by MMnOwhere x, y, and z are each greater than 0.0;'} when M is Ca then 0.45≤x/(x+y)≤0.55 and 1.35≤z/(x+y)≤1.65, or 0.36≤x/(x+y)≤0.44 and 1.44≤z/(x+y)≤1.76; and', 'when M is Ni then 0.45≤x/(x+y)≤0.55 and 1.35≤z/(x+y)≤1.65, or 0.77≤x/(x+y)≤0.99 and 1.03≤z/(x+y)≤1.26; and', 'when M ...

Biosynthetic methods and systems for producing monosaccharides

The present disclosure is related to biosynthetic methods of forming monosaccharides, and systems for generating the same. A benefit of the methods and systems disclosed herein can include the sustainable production of monosaccharides in an automated process. A benefit of the methods and systems herein can be the generation of monosaccharides from renewable source materials. An additional benefit of the methods and systems herein can include the use of abundant feedstocks, such as carbon dioxide, for the efficient generation of select monosaccharides for use as nutrients and for other useful applications. Another benefit of the methods and systems disclosed herein can include reduction of excess carbon dioxide from the environment.

ELECTROCHEMICAL METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PRODUCING MONOSACCHARIDES

The present disclosure is related to electrochemical methods of forming monosaccharides, and systems for generating the same. A benefit of the methods and systems disclosed herein can include the sustainable production of monosaccharides in an automated process. A benefit of the methods and systems herein can be the generation of monosaccharides from renewable source materials. An additional benefit of the methods and systems herein can include the use of abundant feedstocks, such as carbon dioxide, for the efficient generation of select monosaccharides for use as nutrients and for other useful applications. Another benefit of the methods and systems disclosed herein can include reduction of excess carbon dioxide from the environment.

Management of Gas Pressure and Electrode State of Charge in Alkaline Batteries

An inventive, new system that measures gas composition and pressure in the headspace of an aqueous electrolyte battery is described. The system includes a microcontroller that can use the composition and pressure information to connect a third electrode to either the anode(s) or the cathode(s) in order to balance the state of charge between the two. Results have shown that such a system can control the gas pressure inside a sealed flooded aqueous electrolyte battery to remain below 20 kPa (3 psi) and greatly extend the useable life of the battery.

METHODS FOR PRODUCING AMMONIA AND RELATED SYSTEMS

A method for producing ammonia comprises introducing a first feed stream to a positive electrode of an electrochemical cell. The electrochemical cell comprises the positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. A second feed stream comprising a nitrogen source is introduced to the negative electrode and a potential difference is applied between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to produce hydrogen ions, a first product stream comprising carbon monoxide, and a second product stream comprising ammonia. Additional methods and systems are disclosed. 1. A method for producing ammonia comprising:introducing a first feed stream comprising carbon dioxide to a positive electrode of an electrochemical cell, the electrochemical cell comprising the positive electrode, an electrolyte, and a negative electrode;introducing a second feed stream comprising a nitrogen source to the negative electrode; andapplying a potential difference between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electrochemical cell to produce hydrogen ions, a first product stream comprising carbon monoxide, and a second product stream comprising ammonia.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein introducing a first feed stream to a positive electrode comprises introducing the first feed stream comprising the carbon dioxide and one or more alkane.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein introducing a first feed stream to a positive electrode comprises introducing the first feed stream comprising carbon dioxide claim 2 , methane claim 2 , and another alkane.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein applying a potential difference between the positive electrode and the negative electrode comprises producing the first product stream substantially free of carbon dioxide and the one or more alkane.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein introducing a first feed stream comprising carbon dioxide to a positive electrode of an electrochemical ...

Solid oxide electrolysis cell (soec) and preparation method thereof

The disclosure relates to the technical field of electrolysis cells, and in particular to a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) and a preparation method thereof. The SOEC provided by the disclosure adopts an n-type TiO2 layer and a p-type La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ layer as an electrolyte layer. Although the n-type TiO2 and the p-type La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ have both ionic and electronic conductivities, the electric field effect of a PN junction between the two layers can effectively cut off the transmission of intermediate layer electrons and enable ions to rapidly pass through. The SOEC can effectively avoid short circuit and exhibit excellent performance. Furthermore, the above structure allows the SOEC to have a stable performance output, and the SOEC can be produced on a large scale due to low material cost.

METHOD FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL EXTRACTION OF URANIUM FROM SEAWATER USING OXYGEN VACANCY (OV)-CONTAINING METAL OXIDE

A method for electrochemical extraction of uranium from seawater using an oxygen vacancy (OV)-containing metal oxide includes the following steps: adding glycerin to a solution of indium nitrate in isopropanol, transferring a resulting mixture to a reactor, and conducting reaction to obtain a spherical indium hydroxide solid; dissolving the solid in deionized water, transferring a resulting solution to the reactor, and conducting reaction to obtain a flaky indium hydroxide solid; calcining the solid to obtain calcined OV-containing InO; adding the InO; to ethanol, and adding a membrane solution; coating a resulting solution uniformly on carbon paper, and naturally drying the carbon paper; clamping dried carbon paper with a gold electrode for being used as a working electrode for a three-electrode system; and adding simulated seawater to an electrolytic cell, placing the three-electrode system in the simulated seawater, and stirring the simulated seawater for electrolysis to extract uranium from the seawater. 1. A method for an electrochemical extraction of uranium from seawater using an oxygen vacancy (OV)-containing metal oxide , comprising the following steps:step 1, preparing a solution of indium nitrate in isopropanol with a concentration of 0.024 mol/L to 0.028 mol/L, adding glycerin to the solution of indium nitrate in isopropanol to obtain a first mixture, and subjecting the first mixture to stirring for 0.5 h to 1 h and then to ultrasonic treatment for 0.5 h to 1 h to obtain a mixed solution;step 2, transferring the mixed solution to a high-temperature and high-pressure polytetraftuoroethylene (PTFE) reactor, heating the mixed solution to a first temperature of 160° C. to 200° C. and holding at the first temperature for 1 h to 3 h, and naturally cooling to room temperature; and conducting solid-liquid separation (SLS), washing a resulting solid with deionized water and ethanol to obtain a washed solid, and drying the washed solid in a vacuum drying oven at ...

CATALYST MATERIAL FOR ENHANCING HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN PRODUCTION AND SYNTHESIZING METHODS OF SAME

A catalyst material for enhancing hydrogen and oxygen production includes algae-derived carbon scaffolds; and catalyst components coupled to the algae-derived carbon scaffolds. The catalyst material has excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance superior to that of a benchmark OER catalyst Ir/C. 1. A catalyst material for enhancing hydrogen and oxygen production , comprising:algae-derived carbon scaffolds; andcatalyst components coupled to the algae-derived carbon scaffolds.2. The catalyst material of claim 1 , wherein the algae-derived carbon scaffolds comprise algae-derived carbonized cells (cCells).3. The catalyst material of claim 2 , wherein the algae-derived carbon scaffolds are formed by carbonization of algae cells.4TetraselmisNannochloropsis gaditana, Nannochloropsis. The catalyst material of claim 3 , wherein the algae cells comprise cells claim 3 , oculate claim 3 , or the likes.5. The catalyst material of claim 2 , wherein the algae-derived carbon scaffolds comprise three-dimensional (3D) reduced graphene oxide (RGO) scaffolds.6. The catalyst material of claim 2 , wherein the algae-derived carbon scaffolds comprise about 77 atomic % of C and about 14 atomic % of O.7. The catalyst material of claim 2 , wherein the algae-derived carbon scaffolds contain C═C bonds claim 2 , hydroxyl C—OH bonds claim 2 , and ester C(═O)O bonds claim 2 , wherein the C═C bonds are dominant bonds.8. The catalyst material of claim 2 , wherein the catalyst components comprise OER and HER catalysts with earth-abundant materials claim 2 , transition metal oxides/layer-double-hydroxides including NiFe oxide (NiFeO) claim 2 , cobalt phosphate claim 2 , perovskite oxides claim 2 , and transition metal dichalcogenides including MoS.9. The catalyst material of claim 8 , wherein the NiFe oxide has a molar ratio of Ni:Fe:O=6.7:6.1:26 claim 8 , with a formula of NiFeO.10. The catalyst material of claim 9 , wherein the catalyst material has a molar ratio of C:O:Ni:Fe≈49:35:6.7:6. ...

Catalyst and use of same

A catalyst comprising: a titanium oxide having an anatase-type crystal structure, and having the vertices and the ridge lines, wherein in a single titanium oxide particle, a vertex density per unit surface area is 8.0×10−4 nm−2 or more, and a ridge line density per unit surface area is 5.0×10−2 nm or more, or a ridge line density per unit volume is 8.0×10−3 nm−2 or more. A complex comprising: a material having a porous structure; and said catalyst. A membrane electrode assembly comprising: an anode; cathode; and an electrolyte membrane, wherein the cathode carries said catalyst on at least a surface of the cathode.

Water electrolysis electrode containing catalyst having three-dimensional nanosheet structure, method for manufacturing same, and water electrolysis device including same

The present invention provides a water electrolysis electrode including a catalyst having a three-dimensional nanosheet structure with a low overvoltage and excellent catalytic activity, a method for producing the same, and a water electrolysis device including the same. The water electrolysis electrode according to the present invention includes a catalyst layer, which includes a composite metal oxide and has a three-dimensional nanosheet structure, and an electrode substrate. The method for producing a water electrolysis electrode according to the present invention comprises steps of: immersing an electrode substrate in an electrolyte solution containing metal oxide precursors; electrodepositing composite metal hydroxides by applying a voltage to the electrode substrate; and forming a composite metal oxide by annealing the electrode substrate. The water electrolysis device according to the present invention includes the water electrolysis electrode according to the present invention as an anode.

Hydrocarbon-selective electrode

An electrode, which includes at least one tetragonally crystallized compound containing at least one element selected from the group of Cu and Ag, the crystal lattice of the compound being of the space group I41/amd type. An electrolysis cell includes the electrode.

Brownmillerite oxides for oxygen evolution catalyst

An oxygen evolution catalyst of the formula: Sr 2 MCoO 5 where M=Al, Ga wherein M is bonded with four oxygen atoms to form a tetrahedron. The catalyst is operated at a potential of less than 1.58 volts vs. RHE at a current density of 50 μA/cm 2 for a pH of 7-13. The catalyst is operated at a potential of less than 1.55 volts vs. RHE at a current density of 50 μA/cm 2 and a pH of 13. The oxygen evolution catalyst of the formula: Sr 2 GaCoO 5 wherein the catalyst is operated at a potential of less than 1.53 volts vs. RHE at a current density of 50 μA/cm 2 and a pH of 7. The oxygen evolution catalyst of formula: Sr 2 GaCoO 5 wherein the catalyst maintains a current within 94% after 300 minutes at a potential of 1.645 volts vs. RHE wherein the current is greater than 1 milliamp and a pH of 7.

Formic acid generation apparatus and method

The present invention provides a formic acid generation apparatus for generating formic acid by reducing carbon dioxide, comprising: a cathode container for storing a first electrolyte solution containing carbon dioxide; an anode container for storing a second electrolyte solution; a solid electrolyte membrane sandwiched between the cathode container and the anode container; a cathode electrode provided in the cathode container so as to be in contact with the first electrolyte solution, the cathode electrode having a gallium oxide region on a surface thereof; an anode electrode provided in the anode container so as to be in contact with the second electrolyte solution; and an external power supply for applying a negative voltage and a positive voltage to the cathode electrode and the anode electrode, respectively.

High-Temperature Non-Stoichiometric Oxide Actuators

A piezoelectric actuator expands or deflects in response to an applied voltage. Unfortunately, the voltage required to actuate a piezoelectric device is usually on the order of MV/cm. And most piezoelectric devices don't work well, if at all, at temperatures above 450° C. Fortunately, an oxide film actuator can work at temperatures above 450° C. and exhibits displacements of nanometers to microns at actuation voltages on the order of mV. Applying a voltage across an oxide film disposed on an ionically conducting substrate pumps oxygen ions into the oxide film, which in turn causes the oxide film to expand. This expansion can be controlled by varying the voltage based on the open-circuit potential across the oxide film and the substrate. Thanks to their low actuation voltages and ability to work at high temperatures, oxide-based actuators are suitable for applications from robotics to nuclear reactors.

COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR ENHANCING ELECTROCATALYTIC EFFICIENCIES

A method of enhancing efficiency of an oxygen evolution reaction (OER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), or hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) comprises increasing total number electron pathway and/or reaction kinetics of the OER, ORR, or HER by coating one or more surfaces of Uniform an electrode participating in the OER, ORR, or HER with one or more metal oxides. 1. A method of enhancing efficiency of an oxygen evolution reaction (OER) , oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) , or hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) comprising:increasing total number electron pathway of the OER, ORR, or HER by coating one or more surfaces of an electrode participating in the OER, ORR, or HER with one or more metal oxides.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more metal oxides comprise a transition metal oxide.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein metal of the oxide is paramagnetic.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein transition metal of the oxide is paramagnetic.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein transition metal of the oxide is selected from Groups IIIB-VIIIB of the Periodic Table.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coating has structure to confine reaction products created at the electrode.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein one or more of the reaction products undergo oxidation or reduction by the electrode.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide comprises one or more dopants.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein dopants are selected from the group consisting of alkali metals claim 8 , alkaline earth metals and mixtures thereof.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein metal oxide is deposited one or more carbon nanostructures of the electrode.1110. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more carbon nanostructures comprise nanofibers claim 1 , nanotubes claim 1 , nanospheres claim 1 , nanosheets claim 1 , graphene claim 1 , nanodots or combinations thereof.12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the carbon nanostructures are aligned carbon nanofibers.13. The method of claim 1 , ...

Integrated photo-electrochemical device for concentrated irradiation

The present invention relates to a photo-electrochemical device for production of a gas, liquid or solid using concentrated electromagnetic irradiation. The device comprises a photovoltaic component configured to generate charge carriers from the concentrated electromagnetic irradiation; and an electrochemical component configured to carry out electrolysis of a reactant. The photovoltaic component contacts the electrochemical component at a solid interface to form an integrated photo-electrochemical device; and further includes at least one reactant channel or a plurality of reactant channels extending between the photovoltaic component and the electrochemical component to transfer heat and the reactant from the photovoltaic component to the electrochemical component. The integrated photo-electrochemical device and auxiliary devices (such as concentrator, flow controllers) build a system which can flexibly react to changes in operating condition and guarantee best performance.

Method for generating oxygen and water electrolysis device

The present invention provides a method for efficiently generating oxygen by electrolyzing water using a copper delafossite compound as an anode. First, in the present invention, a water electrolysis device is prepared. The water electrolysis device comprises a container, a power supply, an anode, a cathode; and an aqueous electrolytic solution. The anode and the cathode are in contact with the aqueous electrolytic solution. The anode has a copper cobalt delafossite compound represented by a chemical formula CuCoO 2 . The copper cobalt delafossite compound is in contact with the aqueous electrolytic solution. Then, an electric potential difference is applied between the cathode and the anode using the power supply to generate oxygen on the anode due to electrolysis of water which occurs on the copper cobalt delafossite compound.

CATALYST, METHOD FOR PRODUCING CATALYST, CARBON DIOXIDE REDUCTION ELECTRODE, LAMINATED ASSEMBLY, AND CARBON DIOXIDE REDUCTION APPARATUS

The present invention provides a catalyst, a carbon dioxide reduction electrode and a laminated assembly. The catalyst is obtained by sintering a mixture including a metal derivative, a pyridine derivative and a carbon compound. The carbon dioxide reduction electrode includes the catalyst and an electrode base material to which the catalyst is attached. The laminated assembly includes, for example, a first electrode, an ion exchange membrane and a second electrode in the order presented, and the first electrode is the carbon dioxide reduction electrode. 1. A catalyst obtained by sintering a mixture comprising a metal derivative , a nitrogen-containing derivative and a carbon compound.2. The catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the mixture comprises a pyridine derivative as the nitrogen-containing derivative.3. The catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein a molar ratio (nitrogen-containing aromatic ring/metal element) of a nitrogen-containing aromatic ring of the nitrogen-containing derivative to a metal element of the metal derivative in the mixture is 2 or more and 20 or less.4. The catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein a content of a metal derived from the metal derivative in the mixture is 1.0 mass % or more and 5 mass % or less.5. The catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein a metal element in the metal derivative is a metal element of Groups 7 to 12.6. The catalyst according to claim 5 , wherein the metal element is at least one selected from the group consisting of Co claim 5 , Fe and Ni.7. The catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the nitrogen-containing derivative is at least one selected from the group consisting of a pyridine monomer having one or more functional groups claim 1 , a bipyridine derivative claim 1 , a terpyridine derivative claim 1 , a pyridine oligomer having four or more pyridine rings and having a weight-average molecular weight of less than 10000 claim 1 , and a polymer having a weight-average molecular weight of 10000 or more and ...

Hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst

Systems and methods for a hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst are provided. Electrode material includes a plurality of clusters. The electrode exhibits bifunctionality with respect to the hydrogen evolution reaction. The electrode with clusters exhibits improved performance with respect to the intrinsic material of the electrode absent the clusters.

Process for the electrochemical production of 2,2,4-trimethyladipic acid and 2,4,4-trimethyladipic acid

A process for the electrochemical production of 2,2,4-trimethyladipic acid and 2,4,4-trimethyladipic acid by electrochemical oxidative ring cleavage of a mixture of cis- and trans-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanol.

Process to make iron based electrocatalyst, an anode material, an electrochemical system and a process for water conversion, catalysis and fuel generation

This invention provides a simple approach for the straightforward and direct preparation of iron-oxide based electrocatalytic materials film (FeO x —Ci) on a simple Fe substrate by controlled surface-anodization and/or self-deposition in simple and low-cost carbonate buffer. The FeO x —Ci based electrocatalysts may advantageously be employed as electrode and as anode material in water oxidation, water conversion systems and fuel generation assemblies. The FeO x —Ci exhibits remarkably low over potential (η≈360) for anodic oxygen evolution relative to other Fe-oxide based catalysts, and show very high activity and stability for long-term water electrolysis operation.

AN INEXPENSIVE AND ROBUST OXYGEN EVOLUTION ELECTRODE

An electrochemical device includes an electrolyte, a cathode contacting the electrolyte, and an oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrode operating as an anode contacting the electrolyte. The OER electrode includes an iron-containing substrate and a layer that includes a metal-containing layer disposed over the iron-containing substrate. The metal-containing layer includes a metal and iron, the metal being selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, manganese, and combinations thereof. 1. An electrochemical device comprising:an electrolyte;a cathode contacting the electrolyte; andan oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrode operating as an anode, the OER electrode contacting the electrolyte, the OER electrode comprising:an iron-containing substrate; anda metal-containing layer that includes a component selecting from the group consisting of a metal ferrite, magnetite, alpha nickel hydroxide, and combinations thereof disposed over the iron-containing substrate, the metal ferrite including a metal and iron, the metal being selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, manganese, and combinations thereof.2. The electrochemical device of wherein the metal-containing layer includes alpha nickel hydroxide.3. The electrochemical device of wherein the metal ferrite is nickel ferrite.4. The electrochemical device of wherein the metal ferrite is a spinel nickel ferrite.5. The electrochemical device of wherein the nickel ferrite has formula NiFeOwhere x is from 0 to 0.5 claim 3 , y is from 0 to 1 claim 3 , and n is 3 to 5.6. The electrochemical device of wherein the metal ferrite is manganese ferrite.7. The electrochemical device of wherein the manganese ferrite has formula MnFeOwhere x is from 0 to 0.5 claim 6 , y is from 0 to 1 claim 6 , and n is 3 to 5.8. The electrochemical device of wherein the metal ferrite is a spinel manganese ferrite.9. The electrochemical device of wherein the metal ferrite is cobalt ferrite.10. The electrochemical device of wherein ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR WATER ELECTROLYSIS, AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING DRIVE POTENTIAL OF WATER ELECTROLYSIS

The present invention provides a water electrolysis method comprising: supplying at least water into an electrolysis cell which includes a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, and an anode and a cathode disposed sandwiching the solid polymer electrolyte membrane therebetween; and providing a potential P between the anode and the cathode to generate oxygen from the anode, wherein an oxidation catalyst containing at least one of first transition metals is present on at least a part of a surface of the anode, and the potential P satisfies P Подробнее

Methods and systems for fuel production in electrochemical cells and reactors

Methods and systems for fuel, chemical, and/or electricity production from electrochemical cells are disclosed. A voltage is applied between an anode and a cathode of an electrochemical cell. The anode includes a metal or metal oxide electrocatalyst. Oxygen is supplied to the cathode, producing oxygen ions. The anode electrocatalyst is at least partially oxidized by the oxygen ions transported through an electrolyte from the cathode to the anode. A feed gas stream is supplied to the anode electrocatalyst, which is converted to a liquid fuel. The anode electrocatalyst is re-oxidized to higher valency oxides, or a mixture of oxide phases, by supplying the oxygen ions to the anode. The re-oxidation by the ions is controlled or regulated by the amount of voltage applied.

Catalytic electrochemical inert gas and power generating system and method

A system produces inert gas and generates electrical power with an electrochemical cell with an anode and a cathode separated by a proton transfer medium separator. The anode includes an oxygen evolution reaction catalyst and a hydrogen oxidation reaction catalyst, and the system is operated in alternate modes: a first mode in which water is electrolyzed at the anode with an oxygen evolution reaction catalyst to form protons and oxygen, the protons are transported across the separator to the cathode and reacted with oxygen at the cathode, and an inerting gas depleted of oxygen is discharged from the cathode; and a second mode in which protons and electrons are produced from a fuel at the anode with a hydrogen oxidation reaction catalyst, protons are transported across the separator to the cathode, and electrons are transported to the cathode through an electrical circuit to produce electrical power.

METHOD OF MAKING Co3O4 NANORODS FOR ELECTROCATALYTIC WATER SPLITTING

A method of making Co3O4 nanorods by thermal decomposition of a cobalt salt is described. A method of using Co3O4 nanorods as an electrocatalyst component to a porous carbon electrode is also described. The carbon electrode may be made of carbonized filter paper. Together, this carbon-supported Co3O4 electrode may be used for water electrolysis.

Catalyst and use of same

一种等离子体处理制备表面羟基化wo3薄膜光电极材料的方法

本发明涉及一种等离子体处理制备表面羟基化WO 3 薄膜光电极材料的方法，具体步骤为：先在FTO导电玻璃表面制备WO 3 晶种，然后以H 2 WO 4 的H 2 O 2 溶液、乙腈、草酸和盐酸溶液为原料，在WO 3 晶种表面水热生长纳米片状WO 3 ；后采用低温等离子体技术对WO 3 薄膜电极表面进行处理，得到表面羟基化的WO 3 薄膜。本发明制备的表面羟基化WO 3 薄膜与水的润湿性好，体相载流子浓度增加，界面电荷转移加快，有效促进了光电催化水分解性能。并且，等离子体处理WO 3 薄膜工艺简单，节能环保，无公害，效率高，时间短，对大规模处理WO 3 光电极提供了一种重要途径。

Oxygen vacancy enriched nitrogen doped tin oxide and preparation method and application thereof

本发明属于电催化技术领域，公开了一种氧空位富集氮掺杂氧化锡及其制备方法和应用，制备过程为先将双氰胺在特定温度和时间下焙烧，然后将得到的块状C 3 N 4 研磨至粉末状，特定温度和时间下焙烧，再将得到g‑C 3 N 4 纳米片与SnCl 2 ·2H 2 O按照1:1的质量比研磨混合，特定温度和时间下焙烧，所得产物收集研磨得到Ov‑N‑SnO 2 纳米颗粒；该氧空位富集氮掺杂氧化锡可在电催化二氧化碳还原制甲酸中应用。本发明主要通过焙烧方式，利用石墨化－氮化碳的热不稳定性以及丰富氮含量的特性，与二水合二氯化锡混合焙烧反应，实现氧空位富集的氮掺杂氧化锡材料的合成，所形成的催化剂颗粒表现出优良的二氧化碳制甲酸性能。

Catalyst and its application

电化学催化剂包含具有锐钛矿型晶体结构的氧化钛，在所述氧化钛的一个粒子中，每单位表面积的顶点密度为8.0×10 ‑4 nm ‑2 以上，或每单位体积的顶点密度为7.0×10 ‑4 nm ‑3 以上，并且每单位表面积的棱线密度为5.0×10 ‑2 nm ‑1 以上，或每单位体积的棱线密度为8.0×10 ‑3 nm ‑2 以上。阴极至少在表面担载有所述电化学催化剂。醇合成用膜电极接合体具备阳极、所述阴极、以及在所述阳极与所述阴极之间的电解质膜。

Method for producing a fuel cell anode

Es wird ein Verfahren des Herstellens einer Anode für eine Brennstoffzelle veröffentlicht. Das Verfahren beinhaltet: Synthetisieren eines Brennstoffzelle-Katalysators, welcher benutzt wird, um einen Brennstoff für die Anode in einer elektrochemischen Weise zu oxidieren; Bilden einer Elektrode für die Anode durch Benutzen des synthetisierten Brennstoffzelle-Katalysators; und Synthetisieren eines Elektrolyse-Katalysators, welcher benutzt wird, Wasser zu elektrolysieren, auf der Elektrode, wenn der Elektrolyse-Katalysator in die Anode geladen wird. Durch Einführen des Elektrolyse-Katalysators auf der Brennstoffzelle-Elektrode, welche bereits gebildet worden ist, wird die Deformation der Struktur der Elektrode minimiert, und die Leistungsfähigkeit der Elektrode wird verbessert. A method of manufacturing an anode for a fuel cell is published. The method includes: synthesizing a fuel cell catalyst used to oxidize fuel for the anode in an electrochemical manner; Forming an electrode for the anode using the synthesized fuel cell catalyst; and synthesizing an electrolysis catalyst, which is used to electrolyze water, on the electrode when the electrolysis catalyst is loaded into the anode. By introducing the electrolysis catalyst onto the fuel cell electrode that has already been formed, the deformation of the structure of the electrode is minimized and the performance of the electrode is improved.

Buck electrolytic method

本发明提供一种碱水电解方法，其即使在频繁地反复进行启动、停止的条件下或输出功率波动大的条件下运转，也能够抑制阴极和阳极的性能劣化。根据本发明，提供一种碱水电解方法，其特征在于，在反复进行间歇式运转的碱水电解方法中，包括如下工序：电解工序，将电解液(16)收纳在循环罐(5)中，将循环罐(5)内的电解液(16)供给至阳极室(2)和阴极室(3)，并使阴极室(3)中产生的电解液和阳极室(2)中产生的电解液返回至循环罐(5)中，在循环罐(5)内混合后，使经混合的电解液一边向阳极室(2)和阴极室(3)再循环一边进行碱水电解；和，在电解工序开始前，在电解液(16)中添加包含可溶性金属盐的催化剂活化材料的工序，在电解工序中，阴极表面镀覆催化剂活化材料中的金属。

Method for electrolyzing alkaline water

Buck electrolytic method

本发明提供一种碱水电解方法，其即使在频繁地反复进行启动、停止的条件下或输出功率波动大的条件下运转，也能够抑制阴极和阳极的性能劣化。根据本发明，提供一种碱水电解方法，其特征在于，在反复进行间歇式运转的碱水电解方法中，包括如下工序：电解工序，将电解液(16)收纳在循环罐(5)中，将循环罐(5)内的电解液(16)供给至阳极室(2)和阴极室(3)，并使阴极室(3)中产生的电解液和阳极室(2)中产生的电解液返回至循环罐(5)中，在循环罐(5)内混合后，使经混合的电解液一边向阳极室(2)和阴极室(3)再循环一边进行碱水电解；和，在电解工序开始前，在电解液(16)中添加包含可溶性金属盐的催化剂活化材料的工序，在电解工序中，阴极表面镀覆催化剂活化材料中的金属。

Method for electrolyzing alkaline water

Provided is an alkaline water electrolysis method capable of reducing or preventing degradation in cathode and anode performance even in an operation of repeated cycles of frequent starting and stopping, and/or even in an operation involving a significant output variation. The present invention provides an alkaline water electrolysis method including repeated cycles of intermittent operation, including an electrolysis step of performing alkaline water electrolysis including storing an electrolytic solution ( 16 ) in a circulation tank ( 5 ), feeding the electrolytic solution ( 16 ) in the circulation tank ( 5 ) to an anode chamber ( 2 ) and to a cathode chamber ( 3 ), returning an electrolytic solution generated in the cathode chamber ( 3 ) and an electrolytic solution generated in the anode chamber ( 2 ) to the circulation tank ( 5 ), mixing together these electrolytic solutions in the circulation tank ( 5 ), and recirculating the mixed electrolytic solution to the anode chamber ( 2 ) and to the cathode chamber ( 3 ), and a step of adding a catalyst activation material formed of a metal salt soluble in the electrolytic solution ( 16 ) prior to starting of the electrolysis step; and in the electrolysis step, a metal component in the catalyst activation material is deposited on a surface of the cathode.

Method for manufacturing a Hydrogen generating electrode material using double comb Amphiphilic copolymer and Mesoporous Metal Oxide

본 발명은 양친매성 가지형 공중합체 템플릿과 다공성 몰리브덴 산화물을 이용한 수소발생전극물질 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 금속 산화물, 환원제 및 그래프트 공중합체를 포함하는 금속 산화물 전구체-고분자 용액을 준비하는 단계; 및 상기 용액을 건조시켜 얻어지는 분말을 소성시키는 단계;를 포함하는 산소 결핍(oxygen vacancy)을 가지는 다공성 금속 산화물의 제조방법을 제공한다. The present invention relates to a method for producing a hydrogen generating electrode material using an amphiphilic branched copolymer template and a porous molybdenum oxide, comprising the steps of: preparing a metal oxide precursor-polymer solution comprising a metal oxide, a reducing agent, and a graft copolymer; and calcining the powder obtained by drying the solution.

Conversion of carbonate into syngas or c2+ products in electrolysis cell

Described herein are techniques for converting carbonate in a carbonate loaded solution into syngas or C2+ products within an electrolysis cell that includes a cathodic compartment, an anodic compartment and preferably a bipolar membrane separating the compartments. The carbonate ions are converted in situ by reaction with protons generated by the bipolar membrane to produce CO 2 that is in turn electrocatalytically converted into the product. The electrolysis cell can be coupled to an air or flue gas capture system that produces the carbonate loaded solution, and the depleted solution released by the electrolysis cell can be recycled back into the capture system and the feed of the electrolysis cell. The cathode can include a porous substrate that is hydrophilic, and a catalyst metal deposited on the substrate can be Cu, Ag or an alloy depending on the target product.

Cathode composition containing fluorine for carbon dioxide decomposition, solid oxide electrolysis cell for carbon dioxide decomposition and manufacturing method for the cathode composition

본 발명의 과제는 높은 효율과 높은 성능으로 이산화탄소를 전기분해하여 일산화탄소를 생성하는 고체산화물 전해전지의 불소가 도핑된 캐소드 조성물을 제공하는 것이다. 상기 과제를 해결하기 위한 본 발명의 제1 측면은, 하기 [화학식 1]의 화합물을 포함하는, 이산화탄소 분해용 고체산화물 전해전지의 캐소드 조성물을 제공하는 것이다. [화학식 1] A 2-x BO 4-y-δ F y (여기서, A는 란탄족 또는 알칼리토금속 중에서 선택된 1 이상의 원소를 포함하고, B는 전이금속 또는 희토류 중에서 1 이상의 원소를 포함한다. x, y는 0과 0.5사이의 양수이며, δ는 0과 1사이의 양수로 상기 [화학식 1]의 화합물을 전기적 중성으로 하는 값이다) An object of the present invention is to provide a cathode composition doped with fluorine for a solid oxide electrolytic cell that electrolyzes carbon dioxide to generate carbon monoxide with high efficiency and high performance. A first aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems is to provide a cathode composition of a solid oxide electrolytic cell for decomposing carbon dioxide, including a compound of the following [Formula 1]. [Formula 1] A 2-x BO 4-y-δ F y (Here, A includes at least one element selected from a lanthanide group or an alkaline earth metal, and B includes at least one element selected from a transition metal or a rare earth metal. x and y are positive numbers between 0 and 0.5, and δ is 0 and 1 It is a value that makes the compound of [Formula 1] electrically neutral)

The simple preparation and electro-catalysis application of a kind of Co-MoO2 nanospheres with mylikes structures

本发明提供了一种mylikes结构的钴掺杂二氧化钼纳米粉体与其制备方法，及其在电解水中的应用。首先配制碱性钼源预反应溶液，加热反应得到二氧化钼前驱体；然后在有机溶剂中用钴源化合物对前驱体进行钴掺杂，得到钴掺杂二氧化钼中间体；将中间体煅烧，最终得到mylikes结构纳米球体。该结构提供的内部疏松多孔球核有利于电子快速转移并且可以创造更多活性位点，同时外部硬质球壳可确保在碱性介质中的长期稳定性。另外钴原子掺杂后，对二氧化钼的电子结构会产生影响使二氧化钼具有更高导电性和更多活性位点，因此应用到电催化产氧反应（OER）中具有优异的催化性能，其催化水分解产氧的过电位降为0.34 V，塔菲尔斜率低至49 mV/dec。并且所需原料廉价丰富，产率高。

Photoelectrochemical reaction tank and method for treating hydrogen sulfide waste gas and waste water by using same

本发明涉及一种利用太阳光作为驱动力的同步硫化氢废气处理和废水高级氧化处理并实现硫资源化回收的方法及装置。所采用的光电催化反应器包括阳极室、光阳极、阴极室、阴极、外电路和分隔阳极室与阴极室的离子交换膜。本发明通过在阳极室和阴极室内加入氧化还原活性物质(如碘离子、铁离子)，利用光催化阳极产生的空穴间接氧化硫离子生成高纯度、可回收的单质硫颗粒；同时利用在阴极还原生成的具有催化活性的离子(如亚铁离子)来活化过一硫酸盐生成自由基，从而实现废水中污染物的高效去除。本发明能够使用太阳光为唯一能源，同步去除并回收废气中的硫离子和降解废水中的有机污染物，适用于厌氧消化废气、含硫废水/废气处理以及水环境修复。

Carbon dioxide to product is reduced using indium oxide electrode

一种将二氧化碳还原为一种或多种有机产物的方法，该方法包括如下步骤A至步骤E：步骤A在电化学电池的第一隔室中引入阳极电解液，该第一隔室包括阳极；步骤B在所述电化学电池的第二隔室中引入阴极电解液和二氧化碳；步骤C氧化一铟阴极以产生氧化铟阴极；步骤D可将所述氧化铟阴极引入至所述第二隔室；以及步骤E在所述阳极及所述氧化铟阴极之间施加一电势足以使氧化铟阴极将二氧化碳还原为一还原产物。

Pressurization Coelectrolysis module with tubular cell

본 발명은 물과 이산화탄소로부터 합성가스를 생산할 수 있는 공전해 모듈에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 튜브형 셀을 장착한 가압 공전해 모듈에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따른 가압 공전해 모듈은 수소, 질소, 이산화탄소로 이루어진 연료가스를 사용하는 공전해 셀; 상기 공전해 셀을 가압하기 위한 가압챔버; 상기 공전해 셀에 스팀을 제공하기 위한 기화기; 및 상기 공전해 셀에 연료가스를 제공하기 위한 질량 유량 제어기를 포함하여 성능 및 내구성이 우수하며 합성가스 생산 수율을 향상시킬 수 있는 가압 공전해 모듈에 관한 것이다. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a static electricity generating module capable of producing a syngas from water and carbon dioxide, and more particularly, to a static electricity applying module equipped with a tubular cell. The pressurized and released electrolysis module according to the present invention comprises a static electricity cell using a fuel gas composed of hydrogen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide; A pressure chamber for pressurizing said revolving cell; A vaporizer for providing steam to the idol cell; And a mass flow controller for providing the fuel gas to the revolving cell, thereby improving the performance and durability of the pressurized gas and improving the synthesis gas production yield.

Method and device for electrochemically reducing carbon dioxide

本发明涉及一种用于电化学还原二氧化碳以制备高浓度甲酸盐的方法及用于电化学还原二氧化碳以制备上述高浓度甲酸盐的装置。

Perovskite structure oxynitride photocatalytic water splitting anode material and preparation method thereof

本发明公开了一种钙钛矿结构氮氧化合物光催化分解水阳极材料，其化学式为CaNbO 2 N；采用溶胶凝胶—高温氮化两步法合成，称取钙盐、柠檬酸和乙二醇加入铌盐的甲醇溶液中，搅拌至溶解完全，溶液变澄清粘稠，配制得到混合溶液；将混合溶液置入高温烘箱中烘干至溶液变成面包状暗黄色凝胶物；再将凝胶物置入高温炉中进行灼烧除去其中的有机物，制备得到白色前驱体粉末；将制备的白色前驱体粉末置入高温管式炉中在氨气氛围下进行高温氮化，得到钙钛矿结构钙铌氧氮四元化合物。将所制备的CaNbO 2 N光阳极材料应用于三电极系统进行光催化性能测试时，表现出了良好的光催化活性。

A kind of application of sulfur doping cobalt oxide nano-powder and electrolysis water

本发明提供了一种硫掺杂氧化钴纳米粉体和制备方法，以及其在电解水中的应用。首先在碱性条件下以醋酸钴合成碱式碳酸钴前驱体，碱式碳酸钴前驱体在空气中退火即可高效的得到多孔四氧化三钴纳米片。硫掺杂的氧化钴的合成以多孔四氧化三钴纳米片为原料，以有机硫源化合物同时作为还原剂和硫源来实现。硫掺杂氧化钴应用到电催化产氧反应（OER）中有良好效果，其催化水分解产氧的过电位降为0.36V（相对标准氢电极），塔菲尔斜率低至43mV/dec。

Single-metal integrated electrode with convertible oxidation state copper and preparation method and application method thereof

本发明提供具有可转换氧化态铜的单金属一体化电极及其制备方法和含硝酸盐水体脱氮上的应用方法，制备时通过电化学诱导自生长的方法，以泡沫铜为前驱体，石墨烯氧化物溶液浸泡、干燥后再进行高温煅烧退火并进行碱溶液处理，得到具有可转换氧化态铜的单金属一体化电极。本发明提供的纳米催化材料制备的工作电极在环境领域表现出较好的脱氮性能，能够达到接近100％的硝酸盐去除率、接近100％的氮气选择性和长期稳定性，这些性能来源于制备的工作电极具有可氧化态铜(I,II/0,I)、氧空位(O)和一维的纳米线结构，这种结构可以调控中间产物的吸附与还原，从而造就了接近100％的硝酸盐去除率和接近100％的氮气选择性。

Electrode for evolution of gaseous products and method of manufacturing thereof

本发明涉及适合作为用于析出气体产物的阳极的电极，其包含涂覆有至少一个钛低价氧化物层的金属基材，该至少一个钛低价氧化物层具有互连多孔结构并且含有催化贵金属氧化物。本发明还涉及制造这样的电极的方法，其包括通过冷气体喷涂技术在阀金属基材上施加钛低价氧化物和基于贵金属氧化物的催化剂的混合物。

Electrode comprising composite metal oxide catalyst for water electrolysis, method for preparing same and water electrolysis comprising same

본 발명은 과전압이 낮고 촉매 활성이 뛰어난 수전해전극, 그 제조방법 및 그를 포함하는 수전해장치를 제공한다. 본 발명의 수전해전극은 복합 금속 산화물을 포함하고, 입체 나노시트 구조를 갖는 촉매층 및 전극 기재를 포함한다. 본 발명의 수전해전극의 제조방법은 금속 산화물 전구체를 포함하는 전해액에 전극 기재를 침지하고, 전압을 인가하여 복합 금속 수산화물을 전착한 다음, 어닐링하여 복합금속산화물을 형성하는 단계를 포함한다. 본 발명의 수전해장치는 본 발명에 따른 수전해전극을 양극으로 포함한다. The present invention provides a water electrolysis electrode having a low overvoltage and excellent catalytic activity, a method for manufacturing the same, and a water electrolysis device including the same. The water electrolytic electrode of the present invention includes a catalyst layer including a composite metal oxide and having a three-dimensional nanosheet structure, and an electrode substrate. The method for manufacturing a water electrolytic electrode of the present invention includes immersing an electrode substrate in an electrolyte containing a metal oxide precursor, applying a voltage to electrodeposit a composite metal hydroxide, and then annealing to form a composite metal oxide. The water electrolysis device of the present invention includes the water electrolytic electrode according to the present invention as an anode.

The preparation of iron titanate/di-iron trioxide complex light electrode and surface modifying method

本发明提供了一种钛酸铁/三氧化二铁复合光电极的制备及表面改性方法，涉及材料领域。复合光电极的制备方法包括：清洗FTO导电玻璃；将FTO导电玻璃以导电面朝下的方式置入钛的无机盐水溶液中，在60‑80℃下浸泡10‑60min；将清洗后的FTO导电玻璃在150‑200℃下加热10‑30min；将加热后的FTO导电玻璃置入盛有铁的无机盐和矿化剂水溶液的反应釜中，并将所述反应釜在60‑100℃下加热2‑5h；取出在反应釜中反应后的所述FTO导电玻璃，并进行清洗，将清洗后的FTO导电玻璃在500‑600℃下退火1‑3h，再在700‑800℃下退火10‑30min，制备得到纳米钛酸铁/三氧化二铁复合光电极。本申请的复合光电极制备方法简单，实验条件易于控制，制备得到的复合光电极具有高光电催化分解水性能。

Method of manufacturing an electrode material having exsoluted and exchanged transition metal catalyst, and metal air battery, solid oxide fuel cell, and solid oxide electrolyzer cell having the same

The present invention provides a method of manufacturing an electrode material capable of providing excellent electrical conductivity, including a catalyst having eluted and substituted transition elements. The method of manufacturing the electrode material comprises the following steps: providing a first structure composed of a first perovskite crystal structure material containing a first transition element and a second transition element; heat-treating the first structure in a reducing gas atmosphere so that the first transition element and the second transition element are eluted on a surface; forming a binary alloy of the eluted first transition element and the second transition element; introducing a third transition element into the first structure; and forming the catalyst by forming a ternary alloy through the injection of the third transition element into the binary alloy.

Sterilizing water generation apparatus

본 발명은 살균수 생성장치의 소형화, 살균수 생성능력의 향상 및 살균수 생성을 위한 전극의 고수명화를 높은 수준으로 양립시킬 수 있는 살균수 생성장치를 제공선으로 하는 것을 과제로 한다. 염화물 이온을 포함하는 물을 직접 전해하여 양극에 염소를 발생시키고, 이 염소와 물의 반응에 의하여 차아염소산의 살균수를 생성하는 살균수 생성장치에 있어서, 염화물 이온을 포함하는 물이 통과하는 전해조 내에 설치된 티탄 또는 티탄 합금으로 이루어지는 전극기체 상에 촉매층을 설치한 전극과, 상기 전극에 통전하여 차아염소산을 상기 전해조 내에 생성시키는 제어수단을 구비하고, 상기 전극의 촉매층은, 적어도 산화 이리듐 및 산화 탄탈을 포함하는 금속 및/또는 금속산화물의 복합체로서 구성되며, 상기 복합체는 금속환산으로 산화 탄탈을 35몰%보다 많이 함유하고, 또한 산화 이리듐에 대하여 몰비로 0.92~1.85배의 산화 탄탈을 함유하여 이루어지며, 상기 제어수단은 상기 전극에 대하여 전류밀도 7A/d㎡~20A/d㎡로 통전하도록 구성되어 있다. An object of the present invention is to provide a sterilizing water producing device capable of achieving miniaturization of the sterilizing water producing device, improvement of the sterilizing water producing ability, and high durability of electrodes for generating sterilizing water at a high level. A sterilizing water producing device for directly generating water containing chloride ions to generate chlorine in the anode and generating sterilizing water of hypochlorous acid by reaction between the chlorine and water, And a control means for generating a hypochlorous acid in the electrolytic cell by energizing the electrode, wherein the catalyst layer of the electrode is made of at least iridium oxide and tantalum oxide Wherein the composite contains more than 35 mol% of tantalum oxide in terms of metal and further contains 0.92 to 1.85 times of tantalum oxide in molar ratio with respect to iridium oxide , And the control means is configured to energize the electrode at a current density of 7 A / dm 2 to 20 A / dm 2 .

PH REGULATOR, DEVICE CONTAINING pH REGULATOR, AND METHOD OF REGULATING pH

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a device for preparing aqueous electrolyte with a regulated pH value, containing: pH regulator intended for the preparation of aqueous electrolyte with a regulated pH value; the second node being in a fluid communication with the pH regulator designed to distribute aqueous electrolyte solution with the adjusted pH value. The pH regulator includes: an electrolysis cell including an anode and a cathode; the said cathode contains a pseudo-capacitive material. With the pH regulator operation, a pseudoelastic material receives electrons from the anode and adsorbs cations from the aqueous electrolyte solution during electrochemical reactions with these cations, OH - in the aqueous solution of the electrolyteis spent, losing electrons, the consumption of H + in the aqueous solution of the electrolyte is reduced, leaving H + in the aqueous solution of the electrolyte; or the said anode contains a pseudoelastic material, and with the pH regulator operation, the pseudoelastic material loses the electrons and adsorb the anions of the aqueous electrolyte solution in an electrochemical reaction with these anions, H + in the aqueous solution of the electrolyte is spent at the cathode, receiving the electrons, the consumption of OH - in the aqueous solution of the electrolyte is reduced, leaving OH - in the aqueous solution of the electrolyte; the said pseudoelastic material contains oxide of the transition metal or conjugated conducting polymers; a controller designed to control the electrolysis process in the electrolysis cell. EFFECT: use of the present invention makes it possible to purposefully regulate pH without producing wastewater. 9 cl, 2 tbl, 1 ex, 10 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 644 154 C2 (51) МПК C02F 1/461 (2006.01) C25B 11/04 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C02F 1/46104 (2017.05); C02F 1/46109 (2017.05); C02F 1/66 (2017.05); ...

Electrochemical oxidation IO3-Conversion to IO4-By electrolysis of

本发明涉及一种电化学氧化IO 3 ‑ 转化为IO 4 ‑ 的电解方法，属于电化学合成无机物制造领域，基于隔膜式板框电解槽，所述隔膜式板框电解槽由钛基金属氧化物涂层电极阳极、金属或合金电极阴极和阳离子隔膜组成；所述的电解方法以MIO 3 溶液和H 2 SO 4 溶液的混合溶液为阳极液，H 2 SO 4 溶液为阴极液，采用恒电流或变电流的方式电解，将IO 3 ‑ 转化为IO 4 ‑ ，M为Na或K。该电化学氧化法将碘酸盐转化为高碘酸盐，具有操作方法简单，产品纯度高，电流效率超过90％等特点；相比于氯气氧化法，该反应过程中无三废产生，生产成本低，特别适用于工业上高碘酸盐氧化邻二醇，废液中碘酸盐的回收再利用。

Ozone generating electrode, anode production process and ozone generator

本发明公开了一种臭氧生成电极及其阳极的生产工艺和臭氧产生器，一种臭氧生成电极，包括阴极和阳极，阳极的表面具有触媒，触媒为掺杂了Sb、Ni的SnO 2 复合膜层，阴极与阳极之间具有放电间隙。该臭氧生成电极中阳极的生产工艺，包括冲孔、裁切、喷砂、酸蚀、洗净、烘干、涂覆、热烘、热解、循环、烧结步骤。应用该臭氧生成电极的臭氧产生器，包括至少一个臭氧生成电极，用于给臭氧生成电极供电的电源，和至少一个用于放大电源供给的超级电容。本发明的有益效果，阳极的表面具有用于增加臭氧产生效率的触媒，提高了电导度，产生O 3 的效率提高，且成本低廉；阳极的生产工艺中的混合溶胶不含氯，提高了阳极的使用寿命。

Apparatus and method for manufacturing MMO anode using continuous coating and heat treatment process

본 발명은 MMO 어노드 연속 제조에 관한 것으로, 연속코팅기에 의해 금속기판의 표면에 MMO 코팅액을 공급하는 연속코팅 공정과; 상기 연속코팅 공정 후, 금속기판을 예비열처리로 및 본열처리로에 통과시켜 금속기판의 표면에 MMO 코팅층을 형성하는 열처리 공정;을 포함하여 이루어지는 릴투릴 연속 코팅 및 열처리 공정을 이용한 MMO 어노드 연속 제조방법을 제공한다. 따라서, 릴투릴 연속 코팅 및 열처리 프로세스를 이용하므로 장선재의 MMO 어노드를 제조하더라도 일정한 조건으로 연속 코팅 및 열처리를 하여 균일한 코팅층을 형성시킬 수 있으며, 이에 따라 장선재 MMO 어노드의 내구성 및 품질 성능을 향상시킬 수 있다. 또한 공정간 외부 노출 시간을 최소화하고, 생산성을 높임으로써 제조단가를 낮춰 제품 경쟁력을 높이게 된다. The present invention relates to a continuous production of MMO anode, continuous coating process for supplying the MMO coating liquid to the surface of the metal substrate by a continuous coating machine; After the continuous coating process, the heat treatment step of forming a MMO coating layer on the surface of the metal substrate by passing the metal substrate in the pre-heat treatment furnace and the main heat treatment furnace; MMO anode continuous manufacturing using a reel toril continuous coating and heat treatment process comprising a Provide a method. Therefore, the reel to reel continuous coating and heat treatment process can be used to form a uniform coating layer by continuous coating and heat treatment under a constant condition even if manufacturing the MMO anode of the wire rod material, thereby improving the durability and quality performance of the wire rod MMO anode Can be improved. In addition, by minimizing the external exposure time between processes and increasing productivity, the manufacturing cost is lowered to increase product competitiveness.

Electrode for electrochemical processes

Air electrode, water electrolysis anode, metal-air battery and water electrolysis device

本发明提供一种呈现出比炭黑高的催化活性且还不用担心氧化劣化的空气极或水电解阳极、特别是用于金属空气电池或水电解装置的空气极或水电解阳极。该空气极或水电解阳极为用于金属空气电池或水电解装置的空气极或水电解阳极，其包含由LaNi 1‑x‑y Cu x Fe y O 3‑δ (式中，x＞0、y＞0、x+y＜1、0≤δ≤0.4)所表示的电子传导性材料。

PROCESS FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN IN AN ALKALINE MEDIUM

a. L'invention a pour objet un procédé pour la production électrolytique d'hydrogène en milieu alcalin. b. Le procédé consiste à utiliser une cathode dont la surface active est constituée essentiellement d'un composé oxydé du type des spinelles. c. Le procédé convient notamment pour l'électrolyse de solutions aqueuses de chlorure de socium dans des cellules à diaphragme perméable. at. The subject of the invention is a process for the electrolytic production of hydrogen in an alkaline medium. b. The method consists in using a cathode, the active surface of which consists essentially of an oxidized compound of the spinel type. vs. The process is particularly suitable for the electrolysis of aqueous solutions of socium chloride in cells with a permeable diaphragm.

Patent FR2356745B1

Patent FR2312573B1

METAL / METAL CHALCOGENIDE ELECTRODE WITH HIGH SPECIFIC SURFACE

La présente invention concerne une électrode comprenant un support électroconducteur dont au moins une partie de la surface est recouverte par un dépôt d'un métal choisi dans le groupe constitué par le cuivre, le fer, le nickel, le zinc, le cobalt, le manganèse, le titane et un mélange de ceux-ci, la surface dudit dépôt étant sous une forme oxydée, sulfurée, sélénée et/ou tellurée et le dépôt ayant une surface spécifique supérieure à 1 m2/g ; un procédé de préparation d'une telle électrode ; un dispositif électrochimique comprenant une telle électrode ; et un procédé d'oxydation de l'eau en dioxygène impliquant une telle électrode. The present invention relates to an electrode comprising an electroconductive support, at least part of the surface of which is covered by a deposit of a metal chosen from the group consisting of copper, iron, nickel, zinc, cobalt, manganese , titanium and a mixture thereof, the surface of said deposit being in an oxidized, sulphurized, selenated and / or tellurized form and the deposit having a specific surface greater than 1 m2 / g; a process for preparing such an electrode; an electrochemical device comprising such an electrode; and a method of oxidizing water to oxygen involving such an electrode.

Photocathode structure, method of fabricating of the same, and hybrid electric generating element including the same

광양극 구조체에 있어서, 실리콘(Si)을 포함하는 광양극, 상기 광양극 상에 형성되고 실리콘 산화물(SiOx)을 포함하는 중간층, 및 상기 중간층 상에 형성되고 금속 산화물을 포함하는 보호층을 포함하되, 외부에서 인가된 전기장에 의해 상기 중간층은, 상기 광양극에서 상기 보호층으로 전하를 이동시키는 터널링 장벽인 것을 포함할 수 있다. In the photoanode structure, comprising a photoanode comprising silicon (Si), an intermediate layer formed on the photoanode and comprising silicon oxide (SiOx), and a protective layer formed on the intermediate layer and comprising a metal oxide, , the intermediate layer by an externally applied electric field may include a tunneling barrier that moves charges from the photoanode to the protective layer.

METAL ELECTRODE / METAL CHALCOGENURE WITH HIGH SPECIFIC SURFACE

La présente invention concerne une électrode comprenant un support électroconducteur dont au moins une partie de la surface est recouverte par un dépôt d'un métal choisi dans le groupe constitué par le cuivre, le fer, le nickel, le zinc, le cobalt, le manganèse, le titane et un mélange de ceux-ci, la surface dudit dépôt étant sous une forme oxydée, sulfurée, sélénée et/ou tellurée et le dépôt ayant une surface spécifique supérieure à 1 m2/g ; un procédé de préparation d'une telle électrode ; un dispositif électrochimique comprenant une telle électrode ; et un procédé d'oxydation de l'eau en dioxygène impliquant une telle électrode. The present invention relates to an electrode comprising an electroconductive support of which at least part of the surface is covered by a deposit of a metal selected from the group consisting of copper, iron, nickel, zinc, cobalt, manganese titanium and a mixture thereof, the surface of said deposit being in oxidized, sulphured, selenated and / or tellurized form and the deposition having a specific surface area greater than 1 m 2 / g; a method of preparing such an electrode; an electrochemical device comprising such an electrode; and a method of oxidizing water to oxygen with such an electrode.

Patent FR2237986A1

Process for the preparation of a catalytic material based on a W or Mo type mononuclear precursor for electrochemical reduction reactions

Procédé de préparation d’un matériau catalytique d’une électrode pour des réactions de réduction électrochimique, ledit matériau comprenant une phase active à base de tungstène (W) et/ou de molybdène (Mo), et un support électro-conducteur, ledit procédé comprenant : a) une étape d'imprégnation par mise en contact dudit support électro-conducteur avec une solution comprenant un solvant organique A et un précurseur mononucléaire à base de W ou de Mo, sous sa forme monomérique ou dimérique, présentant au moins une liaison X=O ou X-OR ou au moins une liaison X=S ou X-SR (avec X = W ou X = Mo) ; b) une étape de séchage dudit support imprégné à une température inférieure ou égale à 200°C ; c) une étape de sulfuration sous un mélange H2S/H2 ou H2S/N2 contenant au moins 5% volumique H2S dans le mélange ou sous H2S pur à une température égale ou supérieure à la température ambiante. Method for preparing a catalytic material for an electrode for electrochemical reduction reactions, said material comprising an active phase based on tungsten (W) and / or molybdenum (Mo), and an electrically conductive support, said method comprising: a) an impregnation step by bringing said electrically conductive support into contact with a solution comprising an organic solvent A and a mononuclear precursor based on W or Mo, in its monomeric or dimeric form, having at least one bond X = O or X-OR or at least one X = S or X-SR bond (with X = W or X = Mo); b) a step of drying said impregnated support at a temperature less than or equal to 200 ° C; c) a sulfurization step under an H2S / H2 or H2S / N2 mixture containing at least 5% by volume H2S in the mixture or under pure H2S at a temperature equal to or higher than room temperature.

Process for the preparation of an electrode catalytic material for electrochemical reduction reactions prepared by electroreduction.

Procédé de préparation d’un matériau catalytique d’une électrode pour des réactions de réduction électrochimique, ledit matériau comprenant au moins une phase active à base d’un métal du groupe VIB et un support électro-conducteur, lequel procédé comprend: a) une étape d’électrolyse d’au moins une solution aqueuse et/ou organique comprenant au moins un précurseur de la phase active comprenant au moins un métal du groupe VIB pour obtenir une solution comprenant au moins un précurseur comprenant au moins un métal du groupe VIB partiellement réduit ; b) une étape d’imprégnation dudit support avec ladite solution obtenue à l’étape a) pour obtenir un précurseur de matériau catalytique ; c) une étape de séchage dudit précurseur obtenu à l’étape b) à une température inférieure à 250°C, sans calcination ultérieure ; d) une étape de sulfuration du précurseur de matériau catalytique obtenu à l’étape c) à une température comprise entre 100°C et 600°C. Process for preparing a catalytic material for an electrode for electrochemical reduction reactions, said material comprising at least one active phase based on a group VIB metal and an electrically conductive support, which process comprises: a) a electrolysis step of at least one aqueous and / or organic solution comprising at least one precursor of the active phase comprising at least one metal from group VIB to obtain a solution comprising at least one precursor comprising at least one metal from group VIB partially reduced; b) a step of impregnating said support with said solution obtained in step a) to obtain a precursor of catalytic material; c) a step of drying said precursor obtained in step b) at a temperature below 250 ° C, without subsequent calcination; d) a step of sulfurization of the precursor of catalytic material obtained in step c) at a temperature between 100 ° C and 600 ° C.

Patent FR2237985B1

Method for electrolytic production of hydrogen in an alkaline environment

L'invention a pour objet un procédé pour la production électrolytique d'hydrogène en milieu alcalin. Le procédé consiste à utiliser une cathode dont la surface active est constituée essentiellement d'un composé oxydé du type des spinelles et convient notamment pour l'électrolyse de solutions aqueuses de chlorure de sodium dans des cellules à diaphragme perméable.

METHOD OF USING ANODES CONTAINING A NICO2O4 CATALYST FOR THE ELECTROLYSIS OF POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTIONS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SUCH ANODES

DES ANODES PORTANT UN CATALYSEUR DE NICOO, UTILISEES DANS L'ELECTROLYSE DE L'EAU POUR LA PRODUCTION D'HYDROGENE ET D'OXYGENE, EXIGENT DES TENSIONS ANODIQUES DE MOINS DE 1500MV ENVIRON A 100MACM DE SURFACE D'ANODE. TYPIQUEMENT, DES ANODES DE DEGAGEMENT D'OXYGENE FAITES DE PLOMB OU D'ACIER AU CARBONE SONT UTILISEES DANS L'ELECTROLYSE DE L'EAU POUR LA PRODUCTION D'OXYGENE, CE QUI EXIGE DES TENSIONS ELEVEES. DES ANODES CONTENANT UN CATALYSEUR DE NICOO DEMANDENT DES TENSIONS NETTEMENT REDUITES ET ONT DE BONNES PERFORMANCES DANS LE MILIEU ALCALIN CLASSIQUE DE PRODUCTION ELECTROCHIMIQUE. ANODES CARRYING A NICOO CATALYST, USED IN THE ELECTROLYSIS OF WATER FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN, REQUIRE ANODIC TENSIONS OF LESS THAN 1500MV TO ABOUT 100MACM OF ANODE AREA. TYPICALLY, OXYGEN RELEASING ANODES MADE OF LEAD OR CARBON STEEL ARE USED IN THE ELECTROLYSIS OF WATER FOR THE PRODUCTION OF OXYGEN, WHICH REQUIRES HIGH VOLTAGES. ANODES CONTAINING A NICOO CATALYST REQUIRE SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED VOLTAGES AND HAVE GOOD PERFORMANCE IN THE CLASSIC ALKALINE MEDIUM OF ELECTROCHEMICAL PRODUCTION.

Co-MoO with mylikes structure2Simple preparation and electrocatalysis application of nanosphere

本发明提供了一种mylikes结构的钴掺杂二氧化钼纳米粉体与其制备方法，及其在电解水中的应用。首先配制碱性钼源预反应溶液，加热反应得到二氧化钼前驱体；然后在有机溶剂中用钴源化合物对前驱体进行钴掺杂，得到钴掺杂二氧化钼中间体；将中间体煅烧，最终得到mylikes结构纳米球体。该结构提供的内部疏松多孔球核有利于电子快速转移并且可以创造更多活性位点，同时外部硬质球壳可确保在碱性介质中的长期稳定性。另外钴原子掺杂后，对二氧化钼的电子结构会产生影响使二氧化钼具有更高导电性和更多活性位点，因此应用到电催化产氧反应（OER）中具有优异的催化性能，其催化水分解产氧的过电位降为0.34 V，塔菲尔斜率低至49 mV/dec。并且所需原料廉价丰富，产率高。

A method of preparing an electrode catalytic material for electrochemical reduction reactions prepared by electroreduction.

Procédé de préparation d’un matériau catalytique d’une électrode pour des réactions de réduction électrochimique, ledit matériau comprenant au moins une phase active à base d’un métal du groupe VIB et un support électro-conducteur, lequel procédé comprend: a) une étape d’électrolyse d’au moins une solution aqueuse et/ou organique comprenant au moins un précurseur de la phase active comprenant au moins un métal du groupe VIB pour obtenir une solution comprenant au moins un précurseur comprenant au moins un métal du groupe VIB partiellement réduit ; b) une étape d’imprégnation dudit support avec ladite solution obtenue à l’étape a) pour obtenir un précurseur de matériau catalytique ; c) une étape de séchage dudit précurseur obtenu à l’étape b) à une température inférieure à 250°C, sans calcination ultérieure ; d) une étape de sulfuration du précurseur de matériau catalytique obtenu à l’étape c) à une température comprise entre 100°C et 600°C. Process for the preparation of a catalytic material of an electrode for electrochemical reduction reactions, said material comprising at least one active phase based on a group VIB metal and an electroconductive support, which process comprises: a) a step of electrolysis of at least one aqueous and/or organic solution comprising at least one precursor of the active phase comprising at least one metal from group VIB to obtain a solution comprising at least one precursor comprising at least one metal from group VIB partially reduced; b) a step of impregnating said support with said solution obtained in step a) to obtain a catalytic material precursor; c) a step of drying said precursor obtained in step b) at a temperature below 250°C, without subsequent calcination; d) a step of sulfurization of the catalytic material precursor obtained in step c) at a temperature between 100°C and 600°C.

Ion conductive matrixes and their use

The present invention provides an ion conducting matrix comprising: (i) 5 to 60 % by volume of an inorganic powder having a good aqueous electrolyte absorption capacity; (ii) 5 to 50 % by volume of a polymeric binder that is chemically compatible with an aqueous electrolyte; and (iii) 10 to 90 % by volume of an aqueous electrolyte, wherein the inorganic powder comprises essentially sub-micron particles. The present invention further provides a membrane being a film made of the matrix of the invention and a composite electrode comprising 10 to 70 % by volume of the matrix of the invention.

Method for producing solid oxide membrane electrode assemblies

一种用于制备膜电极组件的方法，包括以下列层顺序提供：(I)包含混合金属氧化物和Ni氧化物的复合材料的载体电极生料层；(IV)混合金属氧化物生料膜层；和(V)包含混合金属氧化物和Ni氧化物的复合材料的第二电极生料层；以及同时烧结所有三层。

Method for electrodepositing vanadium trioxide coating layer on surface of metal electrode by molten salt electrodeposition and application

本发明涉及电化学材料的技术领域，具体涉及一种在金属电极表面熔盐电沉积三氧化二钒包覆层的方法及应用，以熔融态的碱金属无机盐为电解质，溶解态的钒酸盐为原料，高比表面积的多孔金属基底为阴极，经电解后在金属阴极基底表面获得三氧化二钒包覆层。本发明的方法采用的原材料成本低、价格低廉，工艺简单、操作安全；本发明的方法通过控制电沉积条件，可以控制金属基底上所沉积三氧化二钒的形貌，具有满足不同应用要求的潜力；用本发明的方法得到的产物沉积在电极表面，可在线收集，易于连续化操作，且具有优异的产氢性能。

The management of gas pressure intensity and electrode charge state in alkaline battery

描述了测量含水电解质电池的顶部空间中的气体组成和压强的有创造性的新系统。该系统包括微控制器，所述微控制器能够使用所述组成和压强信息来使第三电极连接至(一个或多个)阳极或(一个或多个)阴极，以平衡两者之间的充电状态。结果显示这样的系统能够将密封浸没式含水电解质电池中的气体压强控制为保持在20kPa(3psi)以下并且极大的延长了电池的使用寿命。

Flat-tube type solid oxide electrolytic cell, seawater electrolysis hydrogen production device and seawater electrolysis hydrogen production process

本发明提供了一种平管式固体氧化物电解池，包括依次接触的第一电解质层、第一活性阳极层、阳极支撑体、第二活性阳极层、第二电解质层、阻挡层、阴极层、缓冲层和金属导电层；所述阳极支撑体在平行于层叠方向上设置有贯通通道。本发明采用一种独特结构的固体氧化物电解池在高温下直接电解未经任何处理的天然海水，将海水加热蒸发，以氢气为载气，携带不同量的水蒸气在750℃高温下进行电解。一方面可将海水中的绝大部分杂质与电解池分离，减缓或避免海盐对电解池的不良影响；另一方面，在高温下电解可获得更高的电/化学能量转化效率。本发明还提供一种电解海水制氢装置及电解制氢的工艺。

Catalyst, electrode and method for preparing ethylene by carbon dioxide reduction

本发明公开了一种二氧化碳还原制乙烯的催化剂、电极及方法，其催化剂中含有同时暴露{100}晶面和{111}晶面的氧化亚铜纳米颗粒。本发明经过实验发现，同时暴露{100}和{111}晶面的氧化亚铜电极相比于{111}晶面氧化亚铜电极和{100}晶面氧化亚铜电极具有更高的乙烯选择性和活性。研究表明，氧化亚铜电极更高的乙烯选择性和活性来自于{100}和{111}晶面之间的协同作用。

Method of making electrode for electrochemical processes

An electrode substrate composition

The invention relates to an electrode comprising a) an electrode substrate comprising M(n+1) AX n, where M is a metal of group IIIB, IVB, VB, VIB or VIII of the periodic table of elements or a combination thereof, A is an element of group IIIA, IVA, VA or VIA of the periodic table of elements or a combination thereof, X is carbon, nitrogen or a combination thereof, where n is 1, 2, or 3; and b) an electrocatalytic coating deposited on said electrode substrate, said coating being selected from at least one of b.1) a metal oxide and/or metal sulfide comprising B y C(1-y)O z1S z2, wherein B is at least one of ruthenium, platinum, rhodium, palladium, iridium, and cobalt, C is at least one valve metal, y is 0.4-0.9, 0 <= z1, z2 <= 2 and z1+z2=2; b.2) a metal oxide comprising B f C g D h E i, wherein B is at least one of ruthenium, platinum, rhodium, palladium, and cobalt, C is at least one valve metal, D is iridium, E is Mo and/or W, wherein f is 0-0.25 or 0.35-1, g is 0-1, h is 0-1, i is 0-1, wherein f+g+h+i=1; b.3) at least one noble metal; b.4) any alloy or mixture comprising iron-molybdenum, iron-tungsten, iron-nickel, ruthenium-molybdenum, ruthenium-tungsten or mixtures thereof; b.5) at least one nanocrystalline material. The invention also relates to a process of producing the electrode, and the use thereof. The invention also relates to a process of producing alkali metal chlorate and an electrolytic cell for production thereof.

Electrode unit, electrolytic cell equipped with electrode unit, electrolysis apparatus, and method for producing electrode of electrode unit

Electrodies containing a conductive metal oxide

An electrode suitable for use as a lead-acid battery plate contains an inorganic metal oxide additive which enhances the formation of the plate. The additive is electrically conductive, stable in aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid, but does not participate in the electrode reaction. Suitable metal oxides include barium metaplumbate and other ceramic perovskite materials having similar properties. The conductive ceramic may also be used in electrodes for bipolar lead-acid batteries and in an electrode, particularly an anode (positive electrode), used in electrolytic processes.

ANODE MATERIAL FOR ELECTROLYSIS CELLS AND MANUFACTURE THEREOF

Conductive components containing conductive metal oxide

Solid electrolyte member, solid oxide fuel cell, water electrolysis device, hydrogen pump, and method for manufacturing solid electrolyte member

提供了一种具有电解质层和阳极层层叠的结构的质子传导性固体电解质部件。电解质层包含具有钙钛矿型晶体结构的金属氧化物，阳极层包含Fe 2 O 3 和该金属氧化物，并且该金属氧化物为由式[1]表示的金属氧化物或由式[1]表示的金属氧化物的混合物或固溶体。式[1]：A a B b M c O 3‑δ (在式中，A表示选自由Ba和Ca组成的组中的至少一种元素；B表示选自由Ce和Zr组成的组中至少一种的元素；M表示选自由Y、Yb、Er、Ho、Tm、Gd、In和Sc组成的组中的至少一种元素；a为满足0.85≤a≤1的数；b为满足0.50≤b＜1的数；c为满足c＝1‑b的数；并且δ为缺氧量)。

Method for producing alkali metal chlorate

Rare earth metal oxides having perovskite structure for electrodes in electrochemical reactions

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE An electrode for electrochemical reactions comprising a substrate of a film forming or barrier metal covered with a cobaltite of at least two rare earth metals, one of the rare earth metals having a high atomic number and the other having a lower atomic number. The cobaltite has the general formula: LnXLn'(1-x)CoO3 in which Ln is a rare earth metal having an atomic number of at least 65, Ln' is a rare earth metal having an atomic number of less than 65, and X is between 0.001 and 0.999.

Process for producing compressed hydrogen in a membrane reactor and reactor therefor

A process for direct compression of hydrogen separated from a hydrocarbon source is described herein. The process comprises a first zone wherein a hydrocarbon reaction that produce hydrogen occurs, a ceramic proton conductor which under an applied electric field transport hydrogen from said first zone to said second zone, and a second zone where compressed hydrogen is produced. The heat energy generated by ohmic resistance in the membrane is partially recuperated as chemical energy in the hydrocarbon reforming process to generate hydrogen.

Interlayer for solid oxide cell

Ion exchange membrane and electrolyzer

This ion exchange membrane has: a layer S comprising a fluorine-containing polymer with sulfonic acid groups; a layer C comprising a fluorine-containing polymer with carboxylic acid groups; and multiple reinforcing materials that are disposed inside the layer S and function as reinforcing yarns and/or sacrificial yarns. When the ion exchange membrane is viewed from the top and the average membrane cross-section thickness in pure water of regions in which there are no reinforcing materials is A and the average membrane cross-section thickness in pure water of regions in which the reinforcing yarns intersect each other and regions in which the reinforcing yarns intersect with sacrificial yarns is B, A and B satisfy the expressions (1) and (2). (1) B=240 µm (2) 2.0=B/A=5.0

Electrocatalytic materials and methods for manufacturing same

The present invention provides an electrocatalytic material and a method for making an electrocatalytic material. There is also provided an electrocatalytic material comprising amorphous metal or mixed metal oxides. There is also provided methods of forming an electrocatalyst, comprising an amorphous metal oxide film.

NEW ELECTRODE FOR ELECTROLYSIS CELL