Low profile system for joining optical fiber waveguides

A compact, low profile splicing system for joining optical fibers produces durable, low transmission loss fusion splices. The system employs active optical techniques such as profile alignment or local injection and detection to achieve optimized alignment of the fibers prior to fusion. Light injected into one fiber is propagated across the interface to a second fiber. A detector senses the intensity of the injected light in the second fiber. After the relative position of the fibers is manipulated to maximize the transmitted intensity, the fibers are fusion spliced using an electric arc discharge. The accurate alignment achievable using the local injection and detection system to drive adaptive fiber positioning affords a method for reliably producing low loss splices. The present system is compact and low in profile, making it operable in cramped quarters with limited clearance to adjacent equipment and structures and with only a minimal amount of free fiber slack available. Simplicity ...

Low profile system for joining optical fiber waveguides

A compact, low profile splicing system for joining optical fibers produces durable, low transmission loss fusion splices. The system employs active optical techniques such as profile alignment or local injection and detection to achieve optimized alignment of the fibers prior to fusion. Light injected into one fiber is propagated across the interface to a second fiber. A detector senses the intensity of the injected light in the second fiber. After the relative position of the fibers is manipulated to maximize the transmitted intensity, the fibers are fusion spliced using an electric arc discharge. The accurate alignment achievable using the local injection and detection system to drive adaptive fiber positioning affords a method for reliably producing low loss splices. The present system is compact and low in profile, making it operable in cramped quarters with limited clearance to adjacent equipment and structures and with only a minimal amount of free fiber slack available. Simplicity ...

Multimedia system, multimedia information display device and information transmission method

The invention discloses a multimedia system containing a video playing device and a multimedia information display device. The video playing device is used for playing the video content transmitted by a video transmission device; the multimedia information display device comprises a display, a wireless communication device and a signal processing device so as to cooperate with the video playing device for operation. The wireless communication device receives the multimedia information; the signal processing device enables the display to display the multimedia information in a proper time according to the arrangement of a user or the information of the multimedia information; the multimedia information displayed by the display relates to the video content played by the video playing device.

Multiple-view compressed-sensing ultrafast photography (MV-CUP)

On the basis of compressed sensing (CS), CUP may encode the spatial domain with a pseudo-random binary pattern, followed by a shearing operation in the temporal domain, performed using a streak camera with a fully opened entrance slit. This encoded, sheared three-dimensional (3D) x, y, t scene may then be measured by a 2D detector array, such as a CCD, within a single snapshot. The image reconstruction process follows a strategy similar to CS-based image restoration—iteratively estimating a solution that minimizes an objective function. However, unlike CS-based image restoration algorithms, which target the reconstruction of a 2D x, y image, CUP reconstruction recovers a 3D x, y, t movie by applying regularization over both the spatial domain and the temporal domain.

Medical hydrogel composition, and medical hydrogel, preparation method therefor and application thereof

A medical hydrogel composition, a medical hydrogel, a preparation method therefore and an application thereof, and a medical hydrogel kit. The medical hydrogel composition comprises a first component and a second component; the first component comprises polylysine and polyethylene imine; the second component comprises one or more of 4-arm-polyethylene glycol-succinimidyl glutarate, 4-arm-polyethylene glycol-succinimidyl succinate, and 4-arm-polyethylene glycol-succinimidyl carbonate; the degree of polymerization of the polylysine is 20 or more. The medical hydrogel is formed by reacting the first component with the second component of the medical hydrogel composition. The medical hydrogel kit comprises the medical hydrogel composition and a buffer solution used for dissolving the components of the medical hydrogel composition. The medical hydrogel has a degree of swelling of −10%-50%, and can be applied in narrow parts where cranial, spinal, and peripheral nerves are densely distributed ...

Multiscreen video playing system dynamically generating scaled video, and related device

The invention provides a multiscreen video playing system dynamically generating scaled videos, and a related device. The system comprises a video playing device with a main display, portable communication devices with screens, and a multiscreen display control server. The multiscreen display control server transmits contents of a target video to the video playing device through a network, and the video playing device uses the main display to display the target video. In a process that the main display displays the target video, if the multiscreen display control server receives selection information corresponding to positions of local regions in the main display, the multiscreen display control server would dynamically generate scaled videos corresponding to images displayed in the local regions, and transmits contents of the scaled videos to the portable communication devices through the network, so that the portable communication devices can synchronously display the scaled videos using ...

MEDICAL HYDROGEL COMPOSITION, AND MEDICAL HYDROGEL, PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR AND APPLICATION THEREOF

A medical hydrogel composition, a medical hydrogel, a preparation method therefore and an application thereof, and a medical hydrogel kit. The medical hydrogel composition comprises a first component and a second component; the first component comprises polylysine and polyethylene imine; the second component comprises one or more of 4-arm-polyethylene glycol-succinimidyl glutarate, 4-arm-polyethylene glycol-succinimidyl succinate, and 4-arm-polyethylene glycol-succinimidyl carbonate; the degree of polymerization of the polylysine is 20 or more. The medical hydrogel is formed by reacting the first component with the second component of the medical hydrogel composition. The medical hydrogel kit comprises the medical hydrogel composition and a buffer solution used for dissolving the components of the medical hydrogel composition. The medical hydrogel has a degree of swelling of −10%-50%, and can be applied in narrow parts where cranial, spinal, and peripheral nerves are densely distributed. 1. A medical hydrogel composition , wherein the medical hydrogel composition comprises a first component and a second component , the first component comprises polylysine and polyethylene imine , the second component comprises one or more of 4-arm-polyethylene glycol-succinimidyl glutarate , 4-arm-polyethylene glycol-succinimidyl succinate , and 4-arm-polyethylene glycol-succinimidyl carbonate , and wherein the polylysine has a degree of polymerization of 20 or more , preferably 25 to 35.2. The medical hydrogel composition according to claim 1 , wherein in the first component claim 1 , a mass ratio of the polylysine to the polyethylene imine is 0.1 to 10.3. The medical hydrogel composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polylysine is ε-polylysine and/or poly-L-lysine.4. The medical hydrogel composition according to claim 3 , wherein the weight average molecular weight of the ε-polylysine is 3000 to 5000 Da.5. The medical hydrogel composition according to claim 3 , wherein the ...

High dynamic range capacitor transimpedance amplifier

A readout circuit, for at least one sensing element, includes an amplifier including an input node for receiving charges from the sensing element or elements and an output node, a first feedback loop comprising a feedback capacitor, and at least one second feedback loop comprising another feedback capacitor, between the output and input nodes of the amplifier, for defining different gains. The at least two feedback capacitors being each connectable to a reference voltage supply via respective switches, for pre-loading the feedback capacitors with a predetermined charge different from the charge obtainable from the at least one sensing element, for sampling signals at a reset level before charge transferal. The loops comprising a respective switch between their capacitors and the output node, for operatively connecting and disconnecting each loop, for obtaining reset voltages at two different gains and signal voltages at two different gains.

Systems and methods for hybrid video encoding

Systems and methods are provided for hybrid video encoding. An example method includes: acquiring image information; extracting a background image based at least in part on the image information; detecting whether the background image is stable; and performing encoding switching between a background-based encoding method and a non-background encoding method based at least in part on the detection.

Reflective sheet and manufacturing method thereof, backlight module, and display device

A reflective sheet and a manufacturing method thereof, a backlight module, and a display device are provided, the reflective sheet includes: a partition structure provided on a side surface of the reflective sheet, where the reflective sheet includes partition structures arranged on a side surface of the reflective sheet, the partition structures bend the side surface of the reflective sheet at a preset slope, and the partition structures include a plurality of dotted lines arranged horizontally or vertically in parallel.

Systems and methods for hybrid video encoding

Systems and methods are provided for hybrid video encoding. An example method includes: acquiring image information; extracting a background image based at least in part on the image information; detecting whether the background image is stable; and performing encoding switching between a background-based encoding method and a non-background encoding method based at least in part on the detection.

Method, device and gateway server for detecting proxy at the gateway

The present invention provides a method for detecting proxy at the gateway, comprising decomposing the access request from the IP need to be proxy-monitored into an access request to original address and an access request to gateway-specified address to access the original address and the gateway-specified separately; determining whether a specific cookie information is included in said access request to gateway-specified address or not to obtain a second determining result; responding to the access request to said gateway-specified address and embedding the cookie information with the time stamp into the client PC by the gateway when said second determining result is no, and reading said cookie information when said second determining result is yes; determining whether said IP is using proxy or not on the basis of said cookie information. Accordingly, the present invention also provides a device and gateway server for detecting proxy at the gateway. It can be detected accurately and secretly ...

Transient-state THz spectrometer for detecting cells and biological macromolecules

Disclosed is a transient-state THz spectrometer applied to cells and biological macromolecules, including a femtosecond laser amplifier. A femtosecond laser output by the femtosecond laser amplifier is divided into two beams of pump light and probe light after passing through a beam splitter of which a transmission-reflection ratio is 7:3, the pump light is focused to irradiate a gap between electrodes of a nonlinear photoconductive antenna and emit a terahertz wave after successively passing through a half wave plate, a silver-plated reflector and a first lens, the terahertz wave forms a terahertz wave collineation after successively passing through a second lens, a slab waveguide, a third lens and an ITO film, the terahertz wave collineation and the probe light form a probe light collineation of wavefront tilt which is perpendicularly incident on a ZnTe crystal and detected and recorded by using a CCD camera.

Systems and Methods for Hybrid Video Encoding

Systems and methods are provided for hybrid video encoding. An example method includes: acquiring image information; extracting a background image based at least in part on the image information; detecting whether the background image is stable; and performing encoding switching between a background-based encoding method and a non-background encoding method based at least in part on the detection. 1. A processor-implemented method for hybrid video encoding , the method comprising:acquiring, using one or more processors, frame information;extracting, using the one or more processors, a background image based at least in part on the frame information;detecting, using the one or more processors, whether the background image is stable; andperforming, using the one or more processors, encoding switching between a background-based encoding method and a non-background encoding method based at least in part on the detection.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein performing encoding switching between a background-based encoding method and a non-background encoding method based at least in part on the detection result includes:in response to the background image being stable, switching to the background-based encoding method; andin response to the background image being unstable, switching to the non-background encoding method.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the background-based encoding method includes:acquiring an original frame at a current moment;acquiring a foreground image based at least in part on the original frame;acquiring a background image based at least in part on the original frame; andacquiring a region of variation based at least in part on the background image.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein acquiring a background image based at least in part on the original image includes:comparing frame difference images of a previous frame and a current frame;determining whether an image of the current frame is a stable image that does not contain foreground information; ...

Power distribution equipment and power distribution system

This application discloses power distribution equipment and a power distribution system. The power distribution equipment includes a power distribution device and a power distribution box, where the power distribution device is capable of being inserted into and removed from the power distribution box; a connection port is disposed at a first end of the power distribution device, where the connection port is used to connect a power cable or a user load line; a power connection terminal is disposed at a second end of the power distribution device, where the power connection terminal is used to plug into a busbar inside the power distribution box; and the connection port and the power connection terminal are connected inside the power distribution device. A design in which the power distribution device is capable of being inserted into and removed from the power distribution box simplifies operation and improves convenience.

Systems and Methods for Hybrid Video Encoding

Systems and methods are provided for hybrid video encoding. An example method includes: acquiring image information; extracting a background image based at least in part on the image information; detecting whether the background image is stable; and performing encoding switching between a background-based encoding method and a non-background encoding method based at least in part on the detection. 1. A processor-implemented method for hybrid video encoding , the method comprising:acquiring, using one or more processors, frame information;extracting, using the one or more processors, a background image based at least in part on the frame information;detecting, using the one or more processors, whether the background image is stable; andperforming, using the one or more processors, encoding switching between a background-based encoding method and a non-background encoding method based at least in part on the detection.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein performing encoding switching between a background-based encoding method and a non-background encoding method based at least in part on the detection result includes:in response to the background image being stable, switching to the background-based encoding method; andin response to the background image being unstable, switching to the non-background encoding method.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the background-based encoding method includes:acquiring an original frame at a current moment;acquiring a foreground image based at least in part on the original frame;acquiring a background image based at least in part on the original frame; andacquiring a region of variation based at least in part on the background image.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein acquiring a background image based at least in part on the original image includes:comparing frame difference images of a previous frame and a current frame;determining whether an image of the current frame is a stable image that does not contain foreground information; ...

MULTIPLE-VIEW COMPRESSED-SENSING ULTRAFAST PHOTOGRAPHY (MV-CUP)

A system and method for compressed-sensing ultrafast photography for two-dimensional dynamic imaging is disclosed. The system and method may capture non-repetitive time-evolving events at up to about 100 billion frames per second. 1. A multi-view compressed-sensing ultrafast photography system to obtain a series of final recorded images of an object , the system comprising:a spatiotemporal integrating module to receive a first series of object images and to produce a spatiotemporally integrated image;a spatial encoding module to receive the first series of object images and to produce a second series of spatially encoded images, each spatially encoded image of the second series comprising a first view comprising one object image of the first series superimposed with a pseudo-random binary spatial pattern and a second view comprising the one object image of the first series superimposed with a complementary pseudo-random binary spatial pattern, wherein the first view and the second view are positioned in spatially separate regions within an entire field of view; anda temporal encoding module operatively coupled to the spatial encoding module, the temporal encoding module configured to receive the entire field of view of each spatially encoded image of the second series, to deflect each spatially encoded image by a temporal deflection distance proportional to time-of-arrival, and to record each deflected image as a third series of spatially/temporally encoded images, each spatially/temporally encoded image of the third series comprising the first view and the second view of one spatially encoded image of the second series deflected by the temporal deflection distance.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the series of final recorded images are obtained with a frame rate of up to about 1 billion frames per second from a single event.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the spatial encoding module comprises a digital micromirror device comprising an array of micromirrors ...

Method for evaluating mixing effect of CO2 oil-displacing and mixing agent and method for screening CO2 oil-displacing and mixing agent

Provided in the present invention a method for evaluating the mixing effect of a CO2oil-displacing and mixing agent, characterized in measuring the volume expansion of a CO2-oil interface when pressure is gradually increased, drawing a mixed-phase percentage-pressure curve (δ-P curve), and evaluating the mixing effect of the CO2oil-displacing and mixing agent by means of comparing the characteristics of the δ-P curve. Further provided in the present invention is a method for initially screening a CO2oil-displacing and mixing agent.

Single-impulse panoramic photoacoustic computed tomography (SIP-PACT)

A single-impulse panoramic photoacoustic computed tomography (SIP-PACT) system for small-animal whole-body imaging is disclosed. In addition, a dual-speed of sound image universal back-projection reconstruction method is disclosed. Further, a PACT system for imaging a breast of a subject is disclosed.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR OPERATING A WIND TURBINE DURING A FAULT

A method and a system for operating a wind turbine () during a fault. The system includes a pitch motor for rotating each rotor blade (), second pitch sensors () for determining when the rotor blade () is rotated to a set point, and a backup pitch controller (). After a fault is detected, the method determines whether the wind speed in the vicinity of the wind turbine () is less than or greater than or equal to a maximum rated velocity of the wind turbine (). The backup pitch controller () then rotates the rotor blades () to a specific set point based on the determination. 1. A method for responding to faults in a control system in a wind turbine including a rotor coupled to at least one rotor blade , at least two pitch sensors coupled to the rotor blade , at least one pitch drive , and a controller communicatively coupled to the pitch sensors and the pitch drive , said method comprising:determining, with the controller, that a fault has occurred in the control system;determining, with the controller, a speed of wind in the vicinity of the wind turbine; and,rotating the rotor blade using the pitch drive to a set point if the wind speed is greater than or equal to the maximum rated velocity of the wind turbine, the set point being an angular position of the rotor blade where the rotor blade is feathered.2. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , determining with the controller claim 1 , that a fault has occurred in the control system comprises determining that a communication fault has occurred in the control system.3. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the rotor blade is rotated about its longitudinal axis by the pitch drive.4. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the set point is an angular position of the rotor blade where a pitch angle of the rotor blade is less than 2 degrees.5. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein rotating the rotor blade with the pitch drive to a set point comprises rotating the rotor blade until ...

Auto Power-Off And Actuation Circuit for a Fan

An automatic power-off and actuation circuit for a fan comprises a drive unit, a detection unit, a voltage-modulating unit, a comparison unit, an auto-restart unit, a regulation unit and a controlled IC, wherein the detection unit is electrically connected to the drive unit, the voltage-modulating unit is electrically connected to the detection unit, the comparison unit is electrically connected to the voltage-modulating unit, the auto-restart unit is electrically connected to the comparison unit, the regulation unit is electrically connected to the auto-restart unit and the drive unit, and the controlled IC is electrically connected to the regulation unit and the drive unit. 1. An automatic power-off and actuation circuit for a fan comprising:a drive unit;a detection unit, the detection unit is electrically connected to the drive unit;a voltage-modulating unit, the voltage-modulating unit is electrically connected to the detection unit;a comparison unit, the comparison unit is electrically connected to the voltage-modulating unit;an auto-restart unit, the auto-restart unit is electrically connected to the comparison unit;a regulation unit, the regulation unit is electrically connected to the auto-restart unit and the drive unit; anda controlled IC, the controlled IC is electrically connected to the regulation unit and the drive unit.2. The automatic power-off and actuation circuit for a fan in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the voltage-modulating unit is an amplifying unit.3. The automatic power-off and actuation circuit for a fan in accordance with claim 2 , wherein the amplifying unit could be a non-inverting amplifier.4. The automatic power-off and actuation circuit for a fan in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the voltage-modulating unit is a voltage-level adjusting unit.5. The automatic power-off and actuation circuit for a fan in accordance with claim 4 , wherein the voltage-level adjusting unit could be a first voltage divider.6. The automatic power-off ...

Fan Failure Detector

A fan failure detector means for detecting whether a fan is locked comprising a drive IC, a coil and an inspection circuit, the drive IC means for outputting a pulse signal, the coil is electrically connected to the drive IC and being driven by the drive IC, the inspection circuit is electrically connected to the drive IC and the coil, the inspection circuit comprises an RC charge/discharge circuit, a diode, a second capacitor, a voltage divider and a transistor having an output terminal, wherein the RC charge/discharge circuit, the diode, the voltage divider and the transistor are sequentially connected in series, the second capacitor is electrically connected with the diode and the voltage divider, when the fan operates normally, the output terminal provides a low voltage signal, when the fan locks, the output terminal provides a high voltage signal to avoid a wrong judgment that the fan still operates normally. 1. A fan failure detector means for detecting whether a fan is locked comprising:a drive IC, the drive IC means for outputting a pulse signal;a coil, the coil is electrically connected to the drive IC and being driven by the drive IC; andan inspection circuit, the inspection circuit is electrically connected to the drive IC and the coil, the inspection circuit comprises an RC charge/discharge circuit, a diode, a second capacitor, a voltage divider and a transistor having an output terminal, wherein the RC charge/discharge circuit, the diode, the voltage divider and the transistor are sequentially connected in series, the second capacitor is electrically connected with the diode and the voltage divider, when the fan operates normally, the output terminal outputs a low voltage signal, when the fan locks, the second capacitor discharges through the voltage divider and enables the transistor to switch into an off state, thereafter the drive IC outputs the pulse signal to enable the diode into conduction and charges to the second capacitor, owning to the design ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR IDENTIFYING P2P APPLICATION CONNECTIONS

The present invention relates to a method for identifying P2P application connections, which includes: searching corresponding ports of intranet IPs according to the data package received; and identifying the connection of the data package to be P2P application connection when the counter value of the said port is the preset threshold and represents the number of all simultaneous online UDP connections to the port. When the counter value of the said port is not the preset threshold, and the connection of the data package is a new UDP connection, the counter value of the said port will be added by 1; when the UDP connection of the said port is disconnected, the counter value of the port will be deducted by 1. It is a primary object of the present invention to provide a method and a device for identifying P2P application connections based on the behavioral characteristics of UDP, which have improved the accuracy of P2P application identification. 1. A method for identifying P2P application connections comprising:searching corresponding ports of intranet IPs according to the data package received;identifying the connection of the data package to be P2P application connection when the counter value of the port is the preset threshold and represents the number of all simultaneous online UDP connections to the port;adding 1 to the counter value of the port, when the counter value of the port is not the preset threshold, and the connection of the data package is a new UDP connection; anddeducting 1 from the counter value of the port, when the UDP connection of the port is disconnected.2. A method for identifying P2P application according claim 1 , wherein before the searching of the corresponding port of the intranet IP according to the data package received claim 1 , the counter of the port and the corresponding preset threshold of the counter are set.3. A method for identifying P2P application according to claim 1 , wherein after the searching of the corresponding port ...

Metal Gate and Fabricating Method Thereof

A method of manufacturing a metal gate is provided. The method includes providing a substrate. Then, a gate dielectric layer is formed on the substrate. A multi-layered stack structure having a work function metal layer is formed on the gate dielectric layer. An Oambience treatment is performed on at least one layer of the multi-layered stack structure. A conductive layer is formed on the multi-layered stack structure. 1. A method of fabricating a semiconductor device having a metal gate , comprising:providing a substrate;forming a gate dielectric layer on the substrate;forming a multi-layered stack structure comprising a work function metal layer on the gate dielectric layer;{'sub': '2', 'performing an Oambience treatment to at least one layer of the multi-layered stack structure; and'}forming a conductive layer on the multi-layered stack structure.2. The method of fabricating a semiconductor device having a metal gate according to claim 1 , wherein a dielectric constant of the gate dielectric layer is substantially greater than 4 claim 1 , and the gate dielectric layer comprises hafnium oxide (HfO) claim 1 , hafnium silicon oxide (HfSiO) claim 1 , hafnium silicon oxynitride (HfSiON) claim 1 , aluminum oxide (AlO) claim 1 , lanthanum oxide (LaO) claim 1 , lanthanum aluminum oxide (LaAlO) claim 1 , tantalum oxide (TaO) claim 1 , zirconium oxide (ZrO) claim 1 , zirconium silicon oxide (ZrSiO) claim 1 , hafnium zirconium oxide (HfZrO) claim 1 , yttrium oxide (YbO) claim 1 , yttrium silicon oxide (YbSiO) claim 1 , zirconium aluminate (ZrAlO) claim 1 , hafnium aluminate (HfAlO) claim 1 , aluminum nitride (AlN) claim 1 , titanium oxide (TiO) claim 1 , zirconium oxynitride (ZrON) claim 1 , hafnium oxynitride (HfON) claim 1 , zirconium silicon oxynitride (ZrSiON) claim 1 , hafnium silicon oxynitride (HfSiON) claim 1 , strontium bismuth tantalite (SrBiTaO claim 1 , SBT) claim 1 , lead zirconate titanate (PbZrTiO claim 1 , PZT) or barium strontium titanate (BaSrTiO claim 1 , ...

METHOD OF PRODUCING SUGARS USING A COMBINATION OF ACIDS TO SELECTIVELY HYDROLYZE HEMICELLULOSIC AND CELLULOSIC MATERIALS

A method is provided for producing sugars using a combination of acids to hydrolyze hemicellulosic and cellulosic materials in biomass, said combination of acids namely comprising a first, weak organic acid (such as acetic acid or formic acid) for providing a pentose product or stream from hydrolyzing hemicellulosic materials in the biomass on a batchwise, semi-continuous or continuous basis, and a second, strong mineral acid (such as sulfuric acid) for providing a hexose product or stream from hydrolyzing cellulosic materials in the biomass. 1. A method of processing a lignocellulosic biomass including cellulose , hemicellulose and lignin fractions , comprising the steps of:applying a weak organic acid to the biomass to at least partly depolymerize the hemicellulosic and lignin materials in the biomass;drying the weak-acid treated biomass to provide a sufficiently high solids content material as to be pelletized;pelletizing the material from the drying step; andshipping the pelletized material to a second location;at the second location, recovering a cellulosic solids product from the pelletized material; andcontacting the cellulosic solids so isolated with a strong mineral acid to hydrolyze the same and provide a hexose product or stream.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the cellulosic solids product is recovered from the pelletized material by solvent washing the pelletized material in one or more iterations with filtration claim 1 , whereby the at least partly depolymerized hemicellulosic and lignin materials from the pelletized material are separated together from the remaining cellulosic solids.3. A method according to claim 2 , further comprising claim 2 , in one or more iterations claim 2 , washing the at least partly depolymerized hemicellulosic and lignin materials with filtering to separate water-insoluble lignin solids from water-soluble hemicellulosic materials.4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least partly depolymerized ...

SHORT FORCE ARM DEFLECTION DEVICE

A short force arm deflection device is mounted to a section of a center post of an umbrella between a top cap and a runner and includes an upper deflection member and a lower deflection member pivotally connected to each other, and a barrel receiving a compression spring, The upper and lower deflection members are respectively connected to a lower end of an upper post segment and an upper end of a lower post segment. The barrel, receives the compression spring and goes over the connection portion between the lower deflection member and. the lower post segment. To open, the runner is pulled upwardly by a pull cord to contact the barrel causing a relative rotation between the upper and lower deflection members for realizing deflection between the top cap and the runner for inclining a canopy. 1. A short force arm deflection device , adapted to be mounted to a section of a center post of an umbrella between a top cap and a runner , and comprising:an upper deflection member, which is connected to a lower end of an upper post segment of the center post, the upper deflection member forming a pivot hole, a first pivot pin being received through the pivot hole to pivotally couple the lower deflection member;a lower deflection member, which is connected to an upper end of a lower post segment of the center post, the lower deflection member forming a pivot hole, through which the first pivot pin is received to allow of relative rotation between the upper deflection member and the lower deflection member about the first pivot pin thereby realizing deflection of the umbrella; anda barrel, which receives therein a compression spring and is fit over a connection between the lower deflection member and the lower post segment;wherein in opening the umbrella, the runner is pulled upward along the lower post segment by a pull cord to get into contact with the barrel so as to cause the relative rotation between the upper deflection member and the lower deflection member for realizing ...

Leverage-based large-sized umbrella

An umbrella includes an internal shaft fit into an interior chamber of a central post. A cap is fixed to a top end of the internal shaft. An intermediate collar is movably fit to the central post and a runner located below the collar is fixed to the central post. Each of ribs has an inner end connected to the cap. Each of stretchers has two ends connected to the intermediate collar and the respective rib. Each of the driving bars has ends connected to the runner and the respective rib at a location between the connection of the rib to the cap and the connection of the rib to the respective stretcher. A connector is movably fit over the central post below the runner and is connected by a pull bar to the intermediate collar. The connector includes a fixing member engageable and fixable to the central post.

STRUCTURE OF UMBRELLA

An umbrella has a central shaft, a crown, a runner, a plurality of ribs, and a plurality of stretchers. The crown is a polygon each side of which includes a pivot pin mounted in a perpendicular direction to pivotally connect the upper end of a respective one of the ribs to the crown. The runner is a polygon and has a pivot pin mounted to each side in perpendicular direction to pivotally connect the lower end of a respective one of the stretchers to the runner. When the umbrella is closed, each of the ribs and the stretchers is collapsed in a tangential angle to set at one side of the central shaft and the runner and is not interfered with by the central shaft and the runner. 1. An improved structure of umbrella , comprising a central shaft , a crown , a runner , a plurality of ribs , and a plurality of stretchers , wherein the crown is fixed to a top end of the central shaft , the runner is fit over the central shaft to vertically slidable with respect thereto , each of the ribs has an upper end pivoted to the crown , each of the stretchers has an upper end pivoted to a middle portion of a respective one of the ribs and a lower end pivoted to the runner to control the vertical sliding motion of the runner along the central shaft for opening and closing a canopy , in which:each of the ribs is curved so that when the umbrella is open, the umbrella as a whole forms a circular arc like canopy;the crown is a polygon each side of which comprises a pivot pin mounted thereto in a substantially perpendicular direction to pivotally connect the upper end of a respective one of the ribs to the crown along a tangent; andthe runner is a polygon each of which comprises a pivot pin mounted thereto in substantially perpendicular direction to pivotally connect the lower end of a respective one of the stretchers to the runner along a tangent,whereby when the umbrella is closed, each of the ribs and each of the stretchers are collapsed to set at one side of the central shaft and the ...

One vessel process for making 1,2-propanediol from a high fructose feedstock

A process is described for directly converting a high fructose feedstock to a product mixture including one or more lower polyols in which 1,2-propanediol is produced in preference to any other lower polyols, wherein a high fructose feed and a source of hydrogen are supplied to a reaction vessel and reacted in the presence of a copper-containing, supported ruthenium catalyst to provide the product mixture.

Gas Device with Increased Fuel Evaporation Efficiency

A gas device with increased fuel evaporation efficiency includes a fuel reservoir with an outlet and a combustion device connecting to the fuel reservoir with a joint, with the joint engaging with the outlet of the fuel reservoir. The combustion device includes a burner head for fuel combustion disposed apart from the joint, with the burner head disposed at different horizontal positions and different vertical positions, and with the burner head disposed at a height from the fuel reservoir lower than a height of the burner head from the fuel reservoir. The combustion device also includes a communication channel interconnecting the joint and the burner head.

Process for producing 1,3-butanediol and for optionally further producing (r)-3-hydroxybutyl (r)-3-hydroxybutyrate

A process is described for producing 1,3-butanediol, wherein an ester of poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate such as formed by transesterification with an alcohol is reduced by hydrogenation in the presence of a skeletal copper-based catalyst to provide 1,3-butanediol. The 1,3-butanediol may be transesterified by reaction with additional poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate ester to produce (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate.

POLE ASSEMBLY

A pole assembly includes four supporting poles spaced from one another, two rails each supported on two adjacent supporting poles, and a mounting apparatus. A number of fasteners are fixed on each of the supporting poles. Each fastener includes a head, a neck portion, and a fixing portion fixed to the supporting pole. The rails are in a row and positioned at a same height of the supporting poles. Each rail defines two locking slots adjacent to opposite ends of the rail. Each locking slot includes an opening and a locking hole communicating with the opening. Each rail is set on two adjacent supporting poles. The neck portions engage in the corresponding locking holes. The adjacent ends of two adjacent rails are fixed to the mounting apparatus. 1. A pole assembly , comprising:four supporting poles spaced from one another, wherein a plurality of fasteners is fixed on each of the four supporting poles; and each of the plurality of fasteners comprises a head, a neck portion extending down from a bottom of the head, and a fixing portion extending down from a bottom of the neck portion opposite to the head and fixed to one of the four supporting poles;two rails each supported on two adjacent ones of the four supporting poles, wherein the two rails are in a row and positioned at a same height of the four supporting poles, each of the two rails defines two locking slots adjacent to opposite ends of the corresponding one of the two rails, each of the two locking slots comprises an opening and a locking hole communicating with the opening; anda mounting apparatus located between the rails;wherein each of the two rails is set on two adjacent ones of the four supporting poles, with the locking slots aligning with the plurality of fasteners respectively; the heads of the plurality of fasteners are inserted in the corresponding openings, the two rails are then slid toward the mounting apparatus, to make the neck portions engage in the corresponding locking holes, the heads block ...

SYNTHESIS OF SHORTER CHAIN POLYOLS

Disclosed herein are methods of synthesizing shorter chain polyols. Methods of hydrolyzing polysaccharides are further disclosed. The present invention is also directed towards methods of selectively synthesizing sorbitol. 1. A method of synthesizing shorter chain polyols comprising:reacting a feed solution comprising at least one component with a high degree of polymerization with hydrogen in the presence of at least one catalyst;wherein a homogeneous mineral acid is not added;thus making at least one shorter chain poloyol.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one component with a high degree of polymerization is selected from the group consisting of cellulose claim 1 , polysaccharides claim 1 , starch claim 1 , maltodextrin claim 1 , maltitol claim 1 , and combinations of any thereof3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the feed solution further comprises a sugar concentration of about 3%.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the feed solution further comprises a solvent.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the solvent comprises water.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one component with a high degree of polymerization is present in the feed solution in an amount greater than about 0.5%.7. (canceled)8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one catalyst is selected from the group consisting of sponge copper claim 1 , ruthenium-sulfur supported on carbon claim 1 , and combinations of any thereof.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reacting the feed solution comprising the at least one component with a high degree of polymerization with hydrogen in the presence of the at least one catalyst further comprises:reacting the feed solution comprising the at least one component with a high degree of polymerization with hydrogen in the presence of a first catalyst at a first temperature, thus forming a first product; andreacting the first product in the presence of a second catalyst at a second temperature, thus making the at least one shorter chain ...

SYNTHESIS OF R-GLUCOSIDES, SUGAR ALCOHOLS, REDUCED SUGAR ALCOHOLS, AND FURAN DERIVATIVES OF REDUCED SUGAR ALCOHOLS

Disclosed herein are methods for synthesizing 1,2,5,6-hexanetetrol (HTO), 1,6 hexanediol (HDO) and other reduced polyols from C5 and C6 sugar alcohols or R glycosides. The methods include contacting the sugar alcohol or R-glycoside with a copper catalyst, most desirably a Raney copper catalyst with hydrogen for a time, temperature and pressure sufficient to form reduced polyols having 2 to 3 fewer hydoxy groups than the starting material. When the starting compound is a C6 sugar alcohol such as sorbitol or R-glycoside of a C6 sugar such as methyl glucoside, the predominant product is HTO. The same catalyst can be used to further reduce the HTO to HDO. 1. A method of making 2 ,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran , comprising: contacting a mixture comprising 1 ,2 ,5 ,6-hexanetetrol with an acid catalyst selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid , phosphonic acid , carbonic acid and a water tolerant non-Bronsted Lewis acid for a time and at a temperature and a pressure sufficient to convert the 1 ,2 ,5 ,6-hexanetetrol to 2 ,5 bis(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the non-Bronsted Lewis acid is a triflate compound.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the triflate compound is selected from the group consisting of bismuth triflate claim 2 , scandium triflate claim 2 , and sulfuric acid.4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. The method of wherein the wherein the mixture is contacted with the catalyst under vacuum pressure of less than 0.4 psi.7. The method wherein the acid catalyst is sulfuric acid.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acid catalyst is the non-Bronsted Lewis acid.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acid catalyst is carbonic acid formed by adding of COto the reaction mixture at a pressure sufficient to form carbonic acid.10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. The method of wherein the mixture further includes 1 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,5 hexanetriol and contacting with the acid catalyst further converts the 1 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,5 ...

CONVERSION OF 1,2,5,6-HEXANETETROL (HTO) TO TETRAHYDROFURAN dicarboxylic acid (THFDCA)

Disclosed herein are methods for synthesizing useful intermediates and/or products from 1,2,5,6-hexanetetrol (HTO), which itself can be derived from a sugar. In an aspect, a process is provided for production of THFDCA from 1,2,5,6-hexanetetrol (HTO). The process comprises the steps of (a) ring closing to form a ring compound and (b) oxidizing using a catalyst comprising platinum and bismuth to form an acid mixture. Step (a) may be performed before or after step (b). 1. A process for synthesizing tetrahydrofuran-2 ,5-dicarboxylic acid (THFDCA) , the process comprising:(a) ring closing to form a ring compound; and(b) oxidizing using a catalyst comprising platinum and bismuth to form an acid mixture;wherein step (a) may be performed before or after step (b);wherein when step (a) is performed before step (b), then step (a) comprises contacting 1,2,5,6-hexanetetrol (HTO) with an acid for a time sufficient to form the ring compound, wherein the formed ring compound is tetrahydrofuran dimethanol; and step (b) comprises oxidizing the tetrahydrofuran dimethanol formed in step (a) while the tetrahydrofuran dimethanol is in contact with the catalyst such that an acid mixture is formed comprising at least one of THFDCA or 2,5-anhydro-3,4-dideoxy-hexanoic acid, and when 2,5-anhydro-3,4-dideoxy-hexanoic acid is formed as part of the acid mixture, i) recovering the 2,5-anhydro-3,4-dideoxy-hexanoic acid from the acid mixture, ii) recovering the 2,5-anhydro-3,4-dideoxy-hexanoic acid from the acid mixture and oxidizing the same while in contact with a catalyst comprising platinum and bismuth to form THFDCA, or iii) oxidizing the 2,5-anhydro-3,4-dideoxy-hexanoic acid in the acid mixture while in contact with the catalyst used in step b) to form additional THFDCA;wherein when step (b) is performed before step (a), then step (b) comprises oxidizing 1,2,5,6-hexanetetrol (HTO) while the HTO is in contact with the catalyst such that an acid mixture comprising 2,5-dihydroxyadipic acid and ...

IMPROVED PROCESS OF MAKING BIODERIVED PROPYLENE GLYCOL

An improved process for making bioderived propylene glycol from a feed composition including at least one of lactic acid, glycerol, a five carbon sugar, a five carbon sugar alcohol, a six carbon sugar and a six carbon sugar alcohol, wherein production of four carbon and higher diols is reduced by adding base after the initiation of the reaction. In preferred embodiments, the process pH and other process conditions are initially established at targeted values for obtaining the highest conversion for a given catalyst consistent with the production of substantially no pentanediol byproducts in the product mixture, and base is added thereafter to control the process pH proximate to the initially targeted value. 1. In a process of making bioderived propylene glycol by reacting a feed composition including at least one of lactic acid , glycerol , a five carbon sugar , a five carbon sugar alcohol , a six carbon sugar and a six carbon sugar alcohol with hydrogen in the presence of a suitable catalyst for catalyzing the reaction and under conditions effective for carrying out the reaction , the improvement comprising adding base to the reactor after the initiation of the reaction.2. An improved process according to claim 1 , further comprising adding base to the feed composition and hydrogen entering the reactor claim 1 , in an amount at least sufficient to improve the conversion of the at least one of lactic acid claim 1 , glycerol claim 1 , a five carbon sugar claim 1 , a five carbon sugar alcohol claim 1 , a six carbon sugar and a six carbon sugar alcohol as compared to a scenario wherein no base is added either prior to or after initiation of the reaction claim 1 , but less than that amount of base at which a pentanediol byproduct begins to be formed at detectable levels under the same conditions.3. An improved process according to claim 2 , wherein the process is a continuous process and wherein base is added to the reactor in at least one location downstream of the ...

SYNTHESIS OF R-GLUCOSIDES, SUGAR ALCOHOLS, REDUCED SUGAR ALCOHOLS, AND FURAN DERIVATIVES OF REDUCED SUGAR ALCOHOLS

Disclosed herein are methods for synthesizing 1,2,5,6-hexanetetrol (HTO), 1,6 hexanediol (HDO) and other reduced polyols from C5 and C6 sugar alcohols or R glycosides. The methods include contacting the sugar alcohol or R-glycoside with a copper catalyst, most desirably a Raney copper catalyst with hydrogen for a time, temperature and pressure sufficient to form reduced polyols having 2 to 3 fewer hydoxy groups than the starting material. When the starting compound is a C6 sugar alcohol such as sorbitol or R-glycoside of a C6 sugar such as methyl glucoside, the predominant product is HTO. The same catalyst can be used to further reduce the HTO to HDO. 1. A method of making a reduced sugar alcohol including at least one member selected from the group consisting of 1 ,2 ,5-pentanetriol , 1 ,4 ,5-hexanetriol , 1 ,2 ,6-hexanetetrol , and 1 ,2 ,5 ,6 hexanetetrol , comprising ,contacting a solution comprising water and at least 20% wt/wt of a starting compound selected from the group consisting of a sugar alcohol and a R-glycoside of a sugar, wherein R is a methyl or ethyl group, with hydrogen and a Raney copper catalyst for a time and at a temperature and pressure sufficient to produce a mixture containing one or more of the reduced sugar alcohols with a combined selectively yield of at least 50% mol/mol.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the starting compound is a C6 sugar alcohol selected from the group consisting of sorbitol claim 1 , mannitol claim 1 , ididtol claim 1 , dulcitol claim 1 , talitol claim 1 , and 1 claim 1 ,4-sorbitan and the reduced sugar alcohol is at least one of 1 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,5-hexanetriol and 1 claim 1 ,2 claim 1 ,5 claim 1 ,6-hexanetetrol.3. The method of wherein the starting compound is a methyl or ethyl glucoside and reduced sugar alcohol is at least one of 1 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,5-hexanetriol and 1 claim 1 ,2 claim 1 ,5 claim 1 ,6-hexanetetrol.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the temperature is 175° C. to 250° C. and the pressure is ...

PROCESSES AND CATAYLSTS FOR THE SELECTIVE HYDROGENATION OF COMPOUNDS HAVING CARBONYL CARBON ATOMS

Selective hydrogenation processes are disclosed that can upgrade impure feeds, such as those obtained from biomass and containing a number of small (e.g., 2-6 carbon atom) molecules having aldehyde and/or ketone carbon atoms. For example, whereas glycolaldehyde and its methylated derivative, hydroxyacetone (acetol) are both high value intermediates for certain downstream processing reactions, they are normally recovered in a condensate from pyrolysis of carbohydrates (e.g., aldose-containing sugars) together with glyoxal and its methylated derivative, pyruvaldehyde. The selective hydrogenation of these compounds bearing two carbonyl carbon atoms, without over-hydrogenation to ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, can increase the concentration of the desired intermediates. These beneficial effects of selective hydrogenation may be achieved through the use of a hydrogenation catalyst comprising noble metals such as Ru and Pt. 1. A method for the selective hydrogenation of at least a first starting compound present in an impure feed , the first starting compound having at least two carbonyl carbon atoms , the method comprising:contacting the impure feed with a hydrogenation catalyst under hydrogenation conditions, to selectively hydrogenate the first starting compound to at least a major first selectively hydrogenated analog, by converting one of the at least two carbonyl carbon atoms to a hydroxyl carbon atom while preserving another of the at least two carbonyl carbon atoms,to form a product having an increased amount of the at least major first selectively hydrogenated analog,wherein the hydrogenation catalyst comprises at least one noble metal.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein two of the at least two carbonyl carbon atoms of the first starting compound are aldehyde carbon atoms.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said one of the at least two carbonyl carbon atoms of the first starting compound is an aldehyde carbon atom and said other of the at least two carbonyl ...

SOLENOID VALVE

A solenoid valve includes a coil housing, a coil barrel and an actuator. The coil barrel is mounted in the coil housing, is coiled with multiple coils, and has a valve gate formed on a bottom of the coil barrel. The actuator is moveably mounted in the coil barrel and has a piston, a magnetic shaft, a spring mounted between the piston and the magnetic shaft, and a sealing pad abutting the piston. The actuator is driven by the coils to move the piston. The piston has two notches being able to break a vacuum state, and can be pushed upward easily and efficiently to save electricity. 1. A solenoid valve comprising:a coil housing being hollow and cylindrical and having a top surface and a bottom opening, wherein the coil housing hasan adjusting hole formed in the top surface of the coil housing and located at a center of the top surface of the coil housing; anda wire hole formed in the top surface of the coil housing and located adjacent to a periphery of the top surface of the coil housing; anda magnet having a tube hole; 'a shaft tube having a top end and a bottom end, and an adjusting segment formed on the top end of the shaft tube and mounted in the adjusting hole of the coil housing;', 'a coil barrel mounted in the coil housing and including'} an upper wall and a lower wall respectively and radially formed around the shaft tube;', 'a valve body formed on the bottom end of the shaft tube and having at least one inlet groove and at least one outlet groove;', 'a coiling area defined between the upper wall and the lower wall; and', 'a valve gate formed in the valve body and communicating with the at least one inlet groove and the at least one outlet groove;, 'the tube hole of the magnet disposed around the adjusting segment of the shaft tube;'} [ a side wall downwardly formed around a bottom end of the piston and covering the valve gate,', 'a pad recess formed in the side wall and the valve gate covered in the pad recess; and,', 'two notches formed in the side wall ...

COMPUTING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MANAGING WARNING INFORMATION OF THE COMPUTING DEVICE

In a method for managing warning information of a computing device, when an equipment fault is detected, the method determines whether or not a unique identification code of the detected equipment fault is recorded in a list. If the unique identification code of the detected equipment fault is recorded in the list, the method determines whether or not a frequency of occurrences of the detected equipment fault exceeds a preset value. If the frequency of occurrences of the detected equipment fault does not exceed a preset value, warning information of the detected equipment fault is generated. Otherwise, if the frequency of occurrences of the detected equipment fault exceeds a preset value, the method stops generating the warning information. 1. A computing device , comprising:at least one processor; anda storage device storing a computer program including instructions that, which executed by the at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to:assign a unique identification code to each type of equipment fault of the computing device, create a list to record types of equipment faults that occur during a time period, and assign a counter to each equipment fault to record how many times each type of equipment fault occurs during the time period;determine whether or not the unique identification code of a currently detected equipment fault is recoded in the list;generate warning information to prompt that an equipment fault occurs, if the unique identification code of the currently detected equipment fault is not recoded in the list;control the counter of the currently detected equipment fault to add “1” if the unique identification code of the currently detected equipment fault is recoded in the list;compute a frequency of occurrences of the currently detected equipment fault according to a value of the counter of the equipment fault;determine whether or not the frequency of occurrences of the currently detected equipment fault exceeds a preset threshold; ...

HIGH DYNAMIC RANGE CAPACITOR TRANSIMPEDANCE AMPLIFIER

A readout circuit, for at least one sensing element, includes an amplifier including an input node for receiving charges from the sensing element or elements and an output node, a first feedback loop comprising a feedback capacitor, and at least one second feedback loop comprising another feedback capacitor, between the output and input nodes of the amplifier, for defining different gains. The at least two feedback capacitors being each connectable to a reference voltage supply via respective switches, for pre-loading the feedback capacitors with a predetermined charge different from the charge obtainable from the at least one sensing element, for sampling signals at a reset level before charge transferal. The loops comprising a respective switch between their capacitors and the output node, for operatively connecting and disconnecting each loop, for obtaining reset voltages at two different gains and signal voltages at two different gains. 1. A readout circuit for reading out charges from at least one sensing element , the readout circuit including:an amplifier including an input node for receiving charges from the at least one sensing element and an output node for outputting signal voltages;a first feedback loop and at least one second feedback loop between the output node and the input node of the amplifier, the first feedback loop comprising a first feedback capacitor and the at least one second feedback loop comprising a second feedback capacitor, for defining different charge-to-voltage conversion gains;wherein the at least first and second feedback capacitors are each connectable to a reference voltage supply via a switch, for pre-loading the feedback capacitors with a predetermined charge different from the charge obtainable from the at least one sensing element, for allowing sampling signals from charges at the input node at a reset level before charge transferal;wherein the first feedback loop further comprising a switch between the first feedback ...

Gas Burner with Tilt Safety Assembly

A gas burner includes a gas reservoir, a combustion device, and a tilt safety device fluidly connecting to one another. The tilt safety device includes first and second seats including first and second gas passages respectively, an elastomer disposed on the second seat and including a section defining a stop, a control mechanism including a lever adjacent to the elastomer and including a first contact area and at least one second contact area selectively engaging with a pusher which engages with the stop, and a gas flow channel connecting to the second gas passage and a hole extending through the elastomer and the first gas passage and including the first and second ends thereof including the stop disposed therebetween. The first and at least one second contact areas space from the elastomer at first and second heights respectively. The second height is less than the first height. 1. A gas burner with tilt safety assembly comprising: a combustion device including a communication pipe having a first end and a second end; and', 'a tilt safety device fluidly connecting to the second end of the communication pipe, and including a first seat including a first gas passage extending longitudinally along a phantom axis which extends in a vertical direction, and including a second seat connecting to the second end of the communication pipe and bearing the first seat and including a second gas passage, and including an elastomer disposed on the second seat and having a bottom edge adjacent to the second seat and a top edge distal to the second seat and including a section defining a stop extending between the top and bottom edges, and including a control mechanism including a lever having a first end disposed adjacent to the top edge of the elastomer and a second end extending away from the phantom line and including a first contact area and at least one second contact area selectively engaging with a pusher which has an end engaging with the stop, with the first contact area ...

REGENERATION OF CATALYST FOR HYDROGENATION OF SUGARS

A process for regenerating catalysts that have been deactivated or poisoned during hydrogenation of biomass, sugars and polysaccharides is described, in which polymerized species that have agglomerated to catalyst surfaces can be removed by means of washing the catalyst with hot water at subcritical temperatures. A feature of the process regenerates the catalysts in situ which allows the process to be adapted for used in continuous throughput reactor systems. Also described is a continuous hydrogenation process that incorporated the present regeneration process. 1. A method of regenerating hydrogenation catalyst activity in-situ , the method comprising: a) providing a continuous feed hydrogenation reactor containing a catalyst , said reactor being configured to have a first and a second vessel , each vessel respectively having a first catalyst and a second catalyst , said first and second catalysts being either the same or of a different material; and b) rinsing each respective vessel and catalyst with subcritical deionized water of between about 130° C.-250° C. for an extended period.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said method further comprises: introducing a subcritical deionized aqueous solution containing HOin a concentration of 7% by volume to said first catalyst in said first vessel of said reactor when catalytic activity of said first catalysts decreases to a predetermined level; or introducing periodically an aqueous salt solution to either first or second catalyst when catalytic activity of said second catalyst decreases to a predetermined level; removing said aqueous HOsolution and said aqueous salt solution respectively from said first and second vessels of said reactor;3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said first and second vessels are arranged either in serial communication or in parallel communication with each other.4. (canceled)5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said first or second catalyst is a sponge matrix ...

DEHYDRATION AND AMINATION OF ALPHA-, BETA-DIHYDROXY CARBONYL COMPOUNDS TO ALPHA-AMINO ACIDS

Processes are disclosed for the synthesis of an α-amino acid or α-amino acid derivative, from a starting compound or substrate having a carbonyl functional group (C═O), with hydroxy-substituted carbon atoms at alpha (α) and beta (β) positions, relative to the carbonyl functional group. According a particular embodiment, an α-, β-dihydroxy carboxylic acid or carboxylate is dehydrated to form a dicarbonyl intermediate by transformation of the α-hydroxy group to a second carbonyl group (adjacent a carbonyl group of the starting compound) and removal of the β-hydroxy group. The dicarbonyl intermediate is optionally cracked to form a second, in this case cracked, dicarbonyl intermediate having fewer carbon atoms relative to the dicarbonyl intermediate but preserving the first and second carbonyl groups. Either or both of the dicarbonyl intermediate and the cracked dicarbonyl intermediate may be aminated to convert the second carbonyl group to an amino (—NH) group, for producing the corresponding α-amino acid(s). 1. A method for synthesizing an α-amino acid or α-amino acid derivative , the method comprising:(a) dehydrating a starting compound comprising an alpha hydroxy group, substituted at an alpha carbon atom with respect to a first carbonyl group, and a beta hydroxy group, substituted at a beta carbon atom with respect to the first carbonyl group, to form a dicarbonyl intermediate by transformation of the alpha hydroxy group to a second carbonyl group and removal of the beta hydroxy group;(b) optionally cracking the dicarbonyl intermediate to form a cracked dicarbonyl intermediate having fewer carbon atoms relative to the dicarbonyl intermediate and preserving the first and second carbonyl groups; and(c) reductively aminating the dicarbonyl intermediate formed in step (a) or the cracked dicarbonyl intermediate formed in step (b), to convert the second carbonyl group with an amino or substituted amino group, producing the α-amino acid or α-amino acid derivative,wherein ...

POWER DISTRIBUTION COMPONENT AND POWER DISTRIBUTION DEVICE

The power distribution component is configured to connect to a power distribution box in a pluggable manner. A main body is provided with a first power terminal, a signal terminal, and a second power terminal that are arranged along a first direction. The first power terminal is configured to electrically connect to a first power busbar of the power distribution box, the signal terminal is configured to electrically connect to a signal busbar of the power distribution box, and the second power terminal is configured to electrically connect to a second power busbar of the power distribution box. Polarities of the first power terminal and the second power terminal are opposite. An end, facing away from the main body, of the mistake proofing structure is provided with an abutting surface, configured to abut against the signal busbar when the power distribution component is reversely inserted into the power distribution box. 1. A power distribution component , configured to connect to a power distribution box in a pluggable manner , wherein the power distribution component comprises:a main body comprising a first end and a second end that are disposed opposite to each other, the second end provided with a first power terminal, a signal terminal, and a second power terminal that are sequentially arranged along a first direction, wherein the first power terminal is configured to electrically connect to a first power busbar of the power distribution box, the signal terminal is configured to electrically connect to a signal busbar of the power distribution box, the second power terminal is configured to electrically connect to a second power busbar of the power distribution box, and polarities of the first power terminal and the second power terminal are opposite; anda mistake proofing structure protruding from the second end, the mistake proofing structure comprising an abutting surface that faces away from the main body and that is located at an end of the mistake ...

LENS DEVICE

A lens device comprises a connect assembly, a lens assembly and a drive assembly. The lens assembly is disposed on the connect assembly and has a central axis. The drive assembly comprises a first coil, a magnet and a second coil. The first coil is wound around the lens assembly. The magnet is disposed on the connect assembly and has a first magnetic pole, a second magnetic pole, a first direction of magnetic field and a second direction of magnetic field. The first direction of magnetic field and the second direction of magnetic field are not parallel to each other. The first direction of magnetic field points toward the first coil. The second coil is disposed on the connect assembly. The second direction of magnetic field points toward a part of the second coil. 1. A lens device , comprising:a connect assembly;a lens assembly, disposed on the connect assembly, and the lens assembly having a central axis; and a first coil wound around the lens assembly;', 'at least one magnet disposed on the connect assembly, the at least one magnet having a first magnetic pole, a second magnetic pole, a first direction of magnetic field and a second direction of magnetic field, the first direction of magnetic field taken to be inward to/outward from the first magnetic pole of the magnet, the second direction of magnetic field taken to be inward to/outward from the second magnetic pole, the first direction of magnetic field and the second direction of magnetic field not parallel to each other, the first direction of magnetic field pointing toward the first coil or pointing away from the first coil, and the first coil configured for driving the lens assembly to move substantially along the central axis by interacting with the first magnetic pole; and', 'at least one second coil disposed on the connect assembly, the second direction of magnetic field pointing toward a part of the at least one second coil or pointing away from the part of the at least one second coil, and the at least ...

CONNECTING STRUCTURE

A connecting structure includes a ball joint bracket and a component bracket. The ball joint bracket includes a ball joint and the component bracket includes a housing space. The ball joint is rotatably received in the housing space, at least one protrusion is located on a selection one of an inner wall of the housing space and a surface of the ball joint. And at least one groove is located on the remaining one of the inner wall of the housing space and the surface of the ball joint, the at least one protrusion is slidably limited in the at least one groove. 1. A connecting structure , comprising:a ball joint bracket comprising a ball joint; anda component bracket defining a housing space;wherein the ball joint is rotatably received in the housing space, at least one protrusion is located on a selection one of an inner wall of the housing space and a surface of the ball joint, at least one groove is located on the remaining one of the inner wall of the housing space and the surface of the ball joint, and the at least one protrusion is slidably limited in the at least one groove.2. The connecting structure of claim 1 , wherein the at least one protrusion comprises a plurality of first protrusions and a second protrusion claim 1 , the at least one groove comprises a plurality of first grooves and a second groove claim 1 , the first protrusions are slidably limited in the first grooves claim 1 , and the second protrusion is slidably limited in the second groove.3. The connecting structure of claim 2 , wherein the protrusions are a selective one of a curved shape and a spherical shape claim 2 , the first protrusions are located in the middle part of the ball joint claim 2 , and the second protrusion is located in one end of the ball joint.4. The connecting structure of claim 1 , wherein the grooves each are a concave arc shaped structure.5. The connecting structure of claim 1 , wherein the housing space comprises a base and a plurality of flexible arms claim 1 , the ...

ULTRASONIC LINEAR ACTUATION DEVICE

An ultrasonic linear actuation device includes a mover and a plurality of stator sets. The mover includes at least one mover rack. The plurality of stator sets is located in correspondence with the mover. Each of the plurality of stator sets includes an actuating component and a plurality of stator racks. The actuating component is used for stimulating corresponding one of the plurality of stator sets to generate standing-wave oscillations in an oscillation direction, such that the plurality of stator racks of each of the plurality of stator sets can engage the at least one mover rack of the mover to allow the stator racks to mesh the corresponding mover rack and thus to displace the mover in a moving direction. 1. An ultrasonic linear actuation device , comprising:a mover, including at least one mover rack; anda plurality of stator sets, located in correspondence with the mover, each of the plurality of stator sets including an actuating component and a plurality of stator racks, the actuating component being used for stimulating corresponding one of the plurality of stator sets to generate standing-wave oscillations in an oscillation direction, such that the plurality of stator racks of each of the plurality of stator sets engage the at least one mover rack of the mover to allow the stator racks to mesh the corresponding mover rack and thus to displace the mover in a moving direction.2. The ultrasonic linear actuation device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of stator sets are orderly arranged in the moving direction to have the plurality of stator racks of each of the plurality of stator sets to be positioned in correspondence with the at least one mover rack of the mover.3. The ultrasonic linear actuation device of claim 2 , wherein the actuating component generates oscillatory motions to stimulate the plurality of stator sets orderly to generate the standing-wave oscillations.4. The ultrasonic linear actuation device of claim 1 , further including an inter- ...

REMOVAL OF ORGANIC SALTS FROM BIO-DERIVED GLYCOL PRODUCTS OF POLYOL HYDROGENOLYSIS

A method for reducing contaminants in the production of a bio-derived glycol product of polyol hydro-genolysis is described. The method involves subjecting an aqueous, polyol product mixture (from the hydrogenolysis conversion of biologically-derived carbohydrate feedstock) to ion-exclusion chromatography to separate and reduce impurities from an eluant fraction containing a desired product, and distilling the eluant fraction to yield the desired product (e.g., propylene glycol or ethylene glycol). The reaction product mixture can be introduced into a continuous ion-exclusion chromatography system to reduce the impurities and produce in a high-throughput manner a finished otherwise commercially acceptable glycol product. 1. A method for reducing contaminants in the production of a glycol product of hydrogenoiysis , the method comprises: providing a renewable or bio-derived feedstock; reacting said feedstock in a reactor to produce an aqueous , polyol product mixture; subjecting said reaction product mixture to ion-exclusion chromatography to separate and reduce impurities from an eluant fraction containing a desired product; and distilling said eluant fraction to yield a glycol.2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprises: subjecting said reaction product to ion-exchange in addition to ion-exclusion chromatography.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said polyol product mixture is generated from a reaction between renewably-sourced carbohydrates with hydrogen claim 1 , and contains organic acids claim 1 , salts claim 1 , diols claim 1 , and unreacted feedstock.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said product mixture has an alkaline pH value between about 8.0 and about 12.0 when extracted initially from said reactor.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said product mixture is not first neutralized with an acid.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said product claim 1 , mixture is introduced into a continuous ion-exclusion ...

SERVER RACK AND DUMMY CHASSIS THEREOF

A dummy chassis includes a first frame bar, a second frame bar and a connection member. The first frame bar has a first long side and a first engaging portion. The second frame bar has a second long side and a second engaging portion. The connection member has two end portions which are located oppositely. The first end portion has a third engaging portion. The second end portion has a fourth engaging portion. A width of the connection member is less than a length of the first frame bar and a length of the second frame bar. 1. A dummy chassis , comprising:a first frame bar having a first long side and a first engaging portion;a second frame bar having a second long side and a second engaging portion; anda connection member having a first end portion and a second end portion which are located oppositely, the first end portion having a third engaging portion, the second end portion having a fourth engaging portion, and a width of the connection member is less than a length of the first frame bar and a length of the second frame bar,wherein, when the first frame bar, the second frame bar and the connection member are combined into a first appearance, the first end portion of the connection member is connected to the first long side of the first frame bar, and the third engaging portion of the connection member is detachably connected to the first engaging portion of the first frame bar, and the second end portion of the connection member is connected to the second long side of the second frame bar, and the fourth engaging portion of the connection member is detachably connected to the second engaging portion of the second frame bar.2. The dummy chassis of claim 1 , wherein the first engaging portion comprises a first elastic arm and a first fixing block which is disposed on the first elastic arm claim 1 , and the third engaging portion comprises a first fixing opening claim 1 ,wherein the first end portion of the connection member is detachably connected to the first ...

MULTIPHASE LOW MIXING PROCESSES

A process is described for improving the performance of certain multiphase reaction systems including a solid catalyst, one or more reactants in the gas phase and one or more reactants in the liquid phase, wherein a targeted maximum concentration of a reactant in the liquid phase is identified for providing improved value in terms of byproduct formation, catalyst deactivation and yields of desired products, and this targeted concentration is closely approached and preferably achieved, but not substantially exceeded, downstream in a continuous process or later in time from the initiation of a batch in a semibatch mode of operation of such processes. 1. A process for improving a continuous multiphase reaction system including a solid catalyst , one or more reactants in the gas phase and one or more reactants in the liquid phase , comprising introducing a liquid phase reactant into a reactor in a targeted concentration at the inlet and at one or more downstream locations along the reactor in the axial direction of fluid flow.2. A process for improving a continuous multiphase reaction system including a solid catalyst , one or more reactants in the gas phase and one or more reactants in the liquid phase , comprising introducing a liquid phase reactant into a reactor at the reactor inlet at a targeted concentration of the liquid phase reactant , and then introducing the liquid phase reactant into the reactor at one or more downstream locations in the axial direction of fluid flow in a concentration or concentrations greater than the targeted concentration , provided that the one or more downstream introductions do not result in a concentration of the liquid reactant within the reactor that substantially exceeds the targeted concentration.3. A process according to either of or , wherein the effect of the one or more downstream introductions is to achieve a concentration of the liquid phase reactant within the reactor that is within thirty percent of the targeted ...

PROCESS FOR MAKING ISOIDIDE

A process is provided for making isoidide, wherein a dextrose feed is first converted by a combination of epimerizaton and hydrogenation to an iditol-enriched mixture of hexitols in the presence of hydrogen and in the further presence of a single, dual purpose catalyst, and the iditol is then conventionally fully dehydrated to provide isoidide. In one general embodiment, the dehydration is performed on the iditol-enriched mixture of hexitols to provide an isohexides product mixture including isoidide, and the isoidide is recovered therefrom. In another general embodiment, iditol is separated from the iditol-enriched mixture of hexitols, and at least a portion of this iditol is then dehydrated to provide an isoidide product. 1. A process for making isoidide , comprising:providing a feed including dextrose;providing hydrogen;providing a catalyst;contacting the dextrose-containing feed with the catalyst and with the hydrogen, and producing an iditol-enriched mixture of hexitols from the dextrose-containing feed through reaction of the feed with hydrogen in the presence of the catalyst;dehydrating the iditol-enriched mixture of hexitols to provide an isohexides product mixture including isoidide; andrecovering isoidide from the isohexides product mixture.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is a sulfided ruthenium on carbon catalyst or a sponge nickel catalyst.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein hydrogen is provided at from 8.3 to 17.2 MPa claim 2 , gauge claim 2 , and the feed is reacted with the hydrogen at a temperature between 100 degrees Celsius and 200 degrees Celsius.4. The process of claim 3 , wherein hydrogen is provide at from 11.0 to 13.8 MPa claim 3 , gauge claim 3 , and the feed is reacted with the hydrogen at a temperature between 130 degrees Celsius and 180 degrees Celsius.5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. A process for making isoidide claim 3 , comprising:providing a feed including dextrose;providing ...

SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE WITH OXYGEN-CONTAINING METAL GATES

A semiconductor device with oxygen-containing metal gates includes a substrate, a gate dielectric layer and a multi-layered stack structure. The multi-layered stack structure is disposed on the substrate. At least one layer of the multi-layered stack structure includes a work function metal layer. The concentration of oxygen in the side of one layer of the multi-layered stack structure closer to the gate dielectric layer is less than that in the side of one layer of the multi-layered stack structure opposite to the gate dielectric layer. 1. A semiconductor device having a metal gate , comprising:a substrate;a gate dielectric layer on the substrate; anda multi-layered stack structure disposed on the gate dielectric layer, wherein at least one layer of the multi-layered stack structure comprises a work function metal layer, and a concentration of oxygen in the side of one layer of the multi-layered stack structure closer to the gate dielectric layer is less than a concentration of oxygen in the side of one layer of the multi-layered stack structure opposite to the gate dielectric layer.2. The semiconductor device having a metal gate according to claim 1 , further comprising a metal layer disposed on the multi-layered stack structure claim 1 , wherein the metal layer and the multi-layered stack structure together form a metal gate of the semiconductor device.3. The semiconductor device having a metal gate according to claim 1 , wherein the multi-layered stack structure comprises two or more than two layers of metal/metal nitride.4. The semiconductor device having a metal gate according to claim 1 , wherein the multi-layered stack structure comprises an etch stop layer claim 1 , a barrier layer or a work function metal layer.5. The semiconductor device having a metal gate according to claim 4 , wherein the etch stop layer comprises TiN claim 4 , the barrier layer comprises TaN and the work function metal layer comprises TiN.64. The semiconductor device having a metal ...

PROCESSES AND CATAYLST SYSTEMS FOR PRODUCING MONOETHANOLAMINE FROM GLYCOLALDEHYDE

Improvements in catalyst systems and associated processes for the conversion of glycolaldehyde to monoethanolamine are disclosed. The catalyst systems exhibit improved selectivity to this desired product and consequently reduced selectivity to byproducts such as diethanolamine and ethylene glycol. These beneficial effects are achieved through the use of acids, and particularly Lewis acids, as co-catalysts of the reductive amination reaction, in conjunction with a hydrogenation catalyst.

Synthesis of r-glucosides, sugar alcohols, reduced sugar alcohols, and furan derivatives of reduced sugar alcohols

Disclosed herein are methods for synthesizing 1,2,5,6-hexanetetrol (HTO), 1,6 hexanediol (HDO) and other reduced polyols from C5 and C6 sugar alcohols or R glycosides. The methods include contacting the sugar alcohol or R-glycoside with a copper catalyst, most desirably a Raney copper catalyst with hydrogen for a time, temperature and pressure sufficient to form reduced polyols having 2 to 3 fewer hydoxy groups than the starting material. When the starting compound is a C6 sugar alcohol such as sorbitol or R-glycoside of a C6 sugar such as methyl glucoside, the predominant product is HTO. The same catalyst can be used to further reduce the HTO to HDO.

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING 1,2-PROPANEDIOL FROM GLYCEROL

A process is described for producing biobased 1,2-propanediol, comprising reacting a glycerol-containing feed containing less than 5 weight percent of water with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst, to partially convert glycerol in the glycerol containing feed to a crude reaction product mixture including 1,2-propanediol, removing 10 water from the crude reaction product mixture, recovering a portion but not all of the 1,2-propanediol from the crude reaction product mixture, and recycling the remainder of the 1,2-propanediol with unconverted glycerol and combining these with makeup glycerol to provide additional of the essentially anhydrous, glycerol-containing feed. 1. In a process for producing 1 ,2-propanediol by reacting a glycerol-containing feed with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenolysis catalyst effective for catalyzing the reaction , the improvement comprising using a glycerol-containing feed containing less than 5 weight percent of water.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the glycerol-containing feed contains less than 3 weight percent of water.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the glycerol-containing feed contains less than 2 weight percent of water.4. The process of claim 3 , wherein the glycerol-containing feed contains less than 1 weight percent of water.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein the glycerol-containing feed contains less than 0.5 weight percent of water.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the glycerol-containing feed consists of a product recycle portion from the process and a makeup portion of a virgin glycerol feed.7. The process of claim 6 , wherein the glycerol-containing feed consists essentially of 1 claim 6 ,2-propanediol produced by the hydrogenolysis reaction combined with glycerol.8. The process of claim 7 , wherein the glycerol-containing feed contains less than about 1 percent by weight of anything other than 1 claim 7 ,2-propanediol claim 7 , glycerol and water.9. The process of claim 8 , wherein the glycerol- ...

LIGHT GUIDE FILM OF MOBILE DEVICE AND MOBILE DEVICE

A light guide film of a mobile device and a mobile device are provided. The light guide film includes a light insulation structure that divides the light guide film into different light guide regions. Each light guide region includes a light inlet configured to receive light from a light source. Different light guide regions correspond to light-transmitting symbols on the mobile device are configured to display different colors. 1. A light guide film of a mobile device , comprising:at least one light insulation structure provided thereon, wherein the at least one light insulation structure divides the light guide film into different light guide regions,wherein each light guide region comprises a light inlet configured to receive light from a light source; andwherein different light guide regions correspond to light-transmitting symbols on the mobile device are configured to display different colors.2. The light guide film according to claim 1 , wherein the light insulation structure comprises a plurality of light insulation members claim 1 , the plurality of light insulation members are arranged into at least two columns claim 1 , and the light insulation members each have a bending structure that guides the light to an enclosure of the mobile device.3. The light guide film according to claim 2 , wherein an arrangement direction of a plurality of light insulation members in each column of light insulation members is perpendicular to a length direction of the light guide film.4. The light guide film according to claim 3 , wherein the plurality of light insulation members are arranged into two rows claim 3 , and the two rows of light insulation members are staggered to cause one row of light insulation members to isolate light passing through gaps between the other row of light insulation members.5. The light guide film according to claim 2 , wherein the bending structure comprises a curved bending structure.6. The light guide film according to claim 1 , wherein the ...

PROCESS FOR MAKING BIOBASED PROPYLENE GLYCOL FROM LACTIC ACID ESTERS

A process is described for making a biobased propylene glycol product at least in part from a carbohydrate-derived feed, wherein a feed comprised of a lactic acid ester is reacted with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst, in a nonaqueous solvent in which lactide may be essentially wholly solubilized at the conditions under which the reaction is carried out, so that lactide does not precipitate out to an extent whereby plugging of the reactor or fouling of the hydrogenation catalyst is observed. 1. A process for making a biobased propylene glycol product at least in part from a carbohydrate-derived feed , wherein a feed comprised of a lactic acid ester is reacted in a liquid phase reaction in the presence of a catalyst with hydrogen , in a nonaqueous solvent in which lactide may be essentially wholly solubilized at the conditions under which the reaction is carried out.2. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the feed consists of one or more esters of lactic acid and a selected alcohol.3. A process according to claim 2 , wherein the alcohol is propylene glycol claim 2 , ethanol claim 2 , propyl alcohol claim 2 , or butyl alcohol.4. A process according to claim 3 , wherein the alcohol is propylene glycol.5. A process according to or claim 3 , wherein the feed comprises both of glycerol and a lactic acid ester.6. A process according to claim 5 , wherein the nonaqueous solvent is propylene glycol.7. A process according to any of - claim 5 , wherein the nonaqueous solvent is propylene glycol.8. A process according to claim 6 , wherein the propylene glycol comprises a recycle portion of biobased propylene glycol formed by the process.9. A process according to claim 5 , wherein the propylene glycol solvent accounts for substantially all of the liquid phase in which the reaction is conducted.10. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the propylene glycol solvent accounts for substantially all of the liquid phase in which the reaction is conducted.11. A process ...

Transistor device and related manufacturing method

A transistor device may include a substrate that has a recess and a substrate surface, wherein the recess is recessed with respect to the substrate surface. The transistor device may further include a source and a drain that overlap the substrate. The transistor device may further include a gate structure that has a first gate structure portion and a second gate structure portion, wherein the first gate structure portion is positioned inside the recess, and wherein the second gate structure portion is connected to the first gate structure and is positioned outside the first recess.

ELECTRONIC DEVICE

An electronic device comprising: a body having a first portion and a second portion located below the first portion, wherein a bottom surface of the first portion and a side surface of the second portion forms an opening under the bottom surface of the first portion, wherein at least one portion of an electrode is disposed on the bottom surface of the first portion of the body, and at least one portion of the second portion of the body is disposed in an opening of a circuit board with the electrode being disposed on and electrically connected with the circuit board. 1. An electronic device , comprising:a body, comprising a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion is located above the second portion, wherein a first bottom surface of the first portion and a first side surface of the second portion forms a first opening under the first bottom surface of the first portion; anda first electrode, wherein at least one portion of the first electrode is disposed on the first bottom surface of the first portion, wherein at least one portion of the second portion of the body is disposed in an opening of a circuit board with the first electrode being disposed on and electrically connected with the circuit board.2. The electronic device according to claim 1 , wherein the body is a magnetic body claim 1 , and the electronic device is an inductor comprising a coil disposed in the magnetic body.3. The electronic device according to claim 1 , wherein a ratio of the area of the bottom surface of the first electrode to the area of the bottom surface of the second portion of the magnetic body is 1:5.3˜32 for allowing the vibration resistance of the inductor being greater than 5G.4. The electronic device according to claim 2 , wherein an insulating layer is disposed on the magnetic body for isolating with the circuit board.5. The electronic device according to claim 2 , wherein a terminal part of the conductive wire forming the coil is extended to the first bottom ...

SINGLE-IMPULSE PANORAMIC PHOTOACOUSTIC COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (SIP-PACT)

A single-impulse panoramic photoacoustic computed tomography (SIP-PACT) system for small-animal whole-body imaging is disclosed. In addition, a dual-speed of sound image universal back-projection reconstruction method is disclosed. Further, a PACT system for imaging a breast of a subject is disclosed. 1. A PACT system for producing a 2D or 3D image of at least a portion of a subject , the PACT system comprising:a light source configured to direct a light pulse into an imaging plane passing through the at least a portion of the subject, wherein a plurality of photoacoustic signals is produced within the imaging plane in response to illumination by the light pulse; anda full-ring transducer array comprising a plurality of ultrasound transducers, the plurality of ultrasound transducers distributed around a circumference of a ring surrounding the imaging plane, wherein the full-ring transducer array is configured to spatially sample the plurality of photoacoustic signals and wherein the full-ring transducer array is configured to spatially sample a portion of the plurality of photoacoustic signals originating from within a field of view positioned within the imaging plane, the field of view comprising a diameter selected to satisfy a Nyquist spatial sampling criterion.2. The PACT system of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of preamplifiers claim 1 , each pre-amplifier of the plurality of preamplifiers operatively coupled directly to one corresponding ultrasound transducer from the plurality of ultrasound transducers claim 1 , each preamplifier configured to exclusively amplify the plurality of photoacoustic signals sampled by the one corresponding ultrasound transducer.3. The PACT system of claim 2 , further comprising at least one analog-to-digital sampling device claim 2 , the at least one analog-to-digital sampling device comprising a plurality of data channels claim 2 , each data channel of the plurality of data channels operatively coupled to one ...

METHOD FOR EVALUATING MIXING EFFECT OF CO2 OIL-DISPLACING AND MIXING AGENT AND METHOD FOR SCREENING CO2 OIL-DISPLACING AND MIXING AGENT

Provided in the present invention a method for evaluating the mixing effect of a COoil-displacing and mixing agent, characterized in measuring the volume expansion of a CO-oil interface when pressure is gradually increased, drawing a mixed-phase percentage-pressure curve (δ-P curve), and evaluating the mixing effect of the COoil-displacing and mixing agent by means of comparing the characteristics of the δ-P curve. Further provided in the present invention is a method for initially screening a COoil-displacing and mixing agent. 1. A method for evaluating miscibility aiding effect of a COoil-displacing and mixing agent , the method comprising:{'sub': '2', 'measuring a volume expansion of CO-oil interface during a gradual pressurization;'}plotting a miscibility percentage-pressure curve (δ-P curve); and{'sub': '2', 'evaluating the miscibility aiding effect of the COoil-displacing and mixing agent by comparing characteristics of the δ-P curves.'}2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the oil is selected from one or more of kerosene claim 1 , white oil and crude oil.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein in the step (1) claim 3 , the ratio of the initial liquid level Hto the ceiling height of the autoclave tank His 1:2 to 1:5 claim 3 , the temperature of the constant-temperature water bath is a constant temperature selecting from a range of 40-80° C.5. The method according to claim 3 , wherein in the step (2) claim 3 , the mass fraction of the COoil-displacing and mixing agent in the COgas ranges from 0.1% to 5%; the pressurization is carried out by a single-cylinder plunger pump; the pre-determined pressure level is between 4-8 MPa; the gas-liquid equilibrium refers to that after the COinlet gas path is turned off claim 3 , the pressure gauge reading changes by no more than 0.01 MPa and the liquid level changes by no more than 0.01 cm within 5 minutes.6. The method according to claim 3 , wherein in the step (4) claim 3 , the Pm is determined to be the ...

CO2-MEDIATED ETHERIFICATION OF BIO-BASED DIOLS

A method of etherifying glycols or other diols by employing renewable reagents is disclosed. In particular, the method involves contacting a diol with an alkylating agent in an alcoholic solvent, catalyzed with a catalyst (carbonic acid) generated in situ (from CO). The mono- and di-ether products can serve as valued precursors to an array of renewable surfactants, dispersants, and lubricants, among others. 1. A process for preparing mono- or dialkyl ethers comprising: contacting a diol with an alkylating agent in an alcoholic solvent , in the presence of a catalyst that generates in situ , at a reaction temperature for a sufficient time to convert said diol to a corresponding alkyl ether.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said catalyst is hydrated carbon dioxide (CO2) that forms carbonic acid.3. The process according to wherein said weak acid is carbonic acid.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said diol is selected from the group consisting of: an isohexide claim 1 , a reduction product of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) claim 1 , ethylene glycol (EG) claim 1 , propylene glycol (PG) claim 1 , 2 claim 1 ,3 butane diol (BDO) claim 1 , and 1 claim 1 ,6 hexane diol.5. The process according to claim 4 , wherein said isohexide is at least one of: isosorbide claim 4 , isomannide claim 4 , and isoidide.6. The process according to claim 4 , wherein said reduction product of HMF includes furan-2 claim 4 ,5-diyldimethanol (FDM) claim 4 , ((2R claim 4 ,5S)-tetrahydrofuran-2 claim 4 ,5-diyl)dimethanol and ((2S claim 4 ,5S)-tetrahydrofuran-2 claim 4 ,5-diyl)dimethanol (bHMTHFs).7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said alkylating agent is an alkyl carbonate.8. The process according to claim 7 , wherein said alkyl carbonate is selected from the group consisting of: dimethyl carbonate (DMC) claim 7 , diethyl carbonate (DEC) claim 7 , and dipropyl carbonate (DPC).9. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said alcohol solvent is a primary alcohol or ...

CONTINUOUS PROCESS FOR HYDROGENATION OF MALTOSE TO MALTITOL

A process for preparing maltitol is described. The process enables greater control of the reaction to minimized generation of glucose and sorbitol side products that can arise from the over-hydrogenation of maltitol. The process involves reacting a medium containing maltose at a concentration of ≤30% with hydrogen in a continuous manner using a fixed-bed reactor at a reaction temperature and pressure sufficient to produce a final product containing a yield of maltitol of at least 90 mol. %, at a conversion rate in which no more than about 2 mol. % of said maltose concentration remains, and a sorbitol concentration of less than 1.0 mol. %. 1. A process for preparing maltitol comprising: reacting a medium containing maltose at a concentration of ≤30% with hydrogen in a continuous manner using a fixed-bed reactor at a reaction temperature and pressure sufficient to produce a final product containing a yield of maltitol of at least 90 mol. % , at a conversion rate in which no more than about 2 mol. % of said maltose concentration remains , and a sorbitol concentration of less than 1.0 mol. %.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein a concentration of said hydrogen to maltose substrate is in a molar ratio of ≥20:1.3. The process according to claim 2 , wherein said molar ratio is ≥40:1.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said reaction temperature is in a range from about 100° C. to about 180° C.5. The process according to claim 4 , wherein said reaction temperature is in a range from about 110° C. to about 170° C.6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said pressure is in a range from about 1400 psi to about 2700 psi.7. The process according to claim 4 , wherein said pressure is in a range from about 1800 psi to about 2500 psi.8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said medium is processed in said reactor at a liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) of ≤3.0 per hour.9. The process according to claim 6 , wherein said medium is processed through said ...

SUGAR HYDROGENOLYSIS WITH MOLYBDENUM CO-CATALYST SELECTIVE FOR PRODUCING GLYCOLS

A hydrogenolysis process is disclosed for directly converting a sugar feed comprised of a high fructose feedstock, a high sucrose feedstock, or a combination of these to a mixed lower polyols product including both propylene glycol and ethylene glycol. The process provides greater propylene glycol selectivity than ethylene glycol selectivity such that the propylene glycol is present to a greater extent than the ethylene glycol in the mixed lower polyols product. The sugar feed and a source of hydrogen are supplied to a reaction vessel and reacted in the presence of a hydrogenolysis catalyst comprising molybdenum (Mo) and ruthenium (Ru). 1. A process for directly converting a sugar feed comprised of a high fructose feedstock , a high sucrose feedstock , or a combination of these to a mixed lower polyols product including both propylene glycol and ethylene glycol , wherein the sugar feed and a source of hydrogen are supplied to a reaction vessel and reacted in the presence of a hydrogenolysis catalyst comprising Mo and Ru to provide propylene glycol preferentially to ethylene glycol in the mixed lower polyols product.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the Mo is present at 0.5 to 10% by weight of the sugar feed.3. The process of or claim 1 , wherein the Ru is present at 3-7% by weight of the hydrogenolysis catalyst.4. The process of claim 3 , wherein the sugar feed is comprised of a biomass comprised of fructose claim 3 , sucrose claim 3 , or a combination of these.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the hydrogenolysis catalyst comprises a support material.6. The process of claim 5 , wherein the support material comprises carbon.7. The process of claim 5 , wherein the support material is selected from the group consisting of a carbon based support material claim 5 , activated carbon claim 5 , zirconium oxide claim 5 , titanium oxide claim 5 , niobium oxide claim 5 , tin oxide claim 5 , lanthanum oxide claim 5 , tungsten oxide claim 5 , silicon carbide claim 5 , ...

IMPROVED PROCESS OF MAKING BIODERIVED PROPYLENE GLYCOL

An improved process for making bioderived propylene glycol by reacting a feed composition including glycerol with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the improvement involves causing the reaction to take place in the presence of one or more additives selected 10 from the group consisting of the soluble acetate, citrate, lactate, gluconate, propionate and glycerate salts. 1. In a process for making bioderived propylene glycol byreacting a feed composition including glycerol with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst, the improvement comprising causing the reaction to take place in the presence of one or more additives selected from the group consisting of the soluble acetate, citrate, lactate, gluconate, propionate and glycerate salts.2. The improved process of claim 1 , wherein one or more soluble acetate salts are used as the one or more additives.3. The improved process of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is a Re-containing multimetallic catalyst.4. The improved process of claim 1 , wherein a glycerol-containing feed composition contains less than 5 weight percent of water.5. The improved process of claim 4 , wherein the glycerol-containing feed composition contains less than 3 weight percent of water.6. The improved process of claim 5 , wherein the glycerol-containing feed composition contains less than 2 weight percent of water.7. The improved process of claim 6 , wherein the glycerol-containing feed composition contains less than 1 weight percent of water.8. The improved process of claim 7 , wherein the glycerol-containing feed composition contains less than 0.5 weight percent of water.9. The improved process of any one of - claim 7 , wherein the glycerol-containing feed composition consists of a product recycle portion from the process and a makeup portion of a virgin glycerol feed.10. The improved process of claim 9 , wherein the glycerol-containing feed composition consists essentially of 1 claim 9 ,2-propanediol produced by the hydrogenolysis ...

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING 1,3-BUTANEDIOL AND FOR OPTIONALLY FURTHER PRODUCING (R)-3-HYDROXYBUTYL (R)-3-HYDROXYBUTYRATE

A process is described for producing 1,3-butanediol, wherein an ester of poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate such as formed by transesterification with an alcohol is reduced by hydrogenation in the presence of a skeletal copper-based catalyst to provide 1,3-butanediol. The 1,3-butanediol may be transesterified by reaction with additional poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate ester to produce (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate. 1. A process for producing 1 ,3-butanediol , comprising contacting an ester of poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate with a source of hydrogen in the presence of a skeletal copper-based catalyst under elevated temperature conditions , wherein the term ester of poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate refers to an ester formed by reaction of poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate with an alcohol and wherein the term skeletal copper-based catalyst refers to a porous catalytic alloy based material comprising copper and aluminum.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the ester of poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate is a methyl claim 1 , ethyl claim 1 , propyl claim 1 , butyl claim 1 , pentyl or hexyl ester.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the ethyl ester is used.4. The process of any one of - claim 2 , wherein the process is conducted continuously claim 2 , using a fixed catalyst bed.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein the skeletal copper-based catalyst is a promoted or unpromoted copper-aluminum alloy catalyst containing from 10 to 60 weight percent of aluminum and with the balance consisting of copper and any promoters present.6. The process of claim 5 , wherein the catalyst contains from 20 to 55 weight percent of aluminum.7. The process of claim 1 , conducted at a reactor temperature between 120 degrees Celsius and 220 degrees Celsius claim 1 , a liquid hourly space velocity of from 0.1 hrto 2 hrand a hydrogen supply at a pressure of from 5.5 MPa claim 1 , gauge to 17.2 MPa claim 1 , gauge.8. The process of claim 7 , conducted at a reactor temperature between 150 degrees Celsius and 220 degrees Celsius ...

Method of making transistor having metal gate

A method for forming a transistor having a metal gate is provided. A substrate is provided first. A transistor is formed on the substrate. The transistor includes a high-k gate dielectric layer, an oxygen containing dielectric layer disposed on the high-k gate dielectric layer, and a dummy gate disposed on the oxygen containing dielectric layer. Then, the dummy gate and the patterned gate dielectric layer are removed. Lastly, a metal gate is formed and the metal gate directly contacts the high-k gate oxide.

Peptide synthesis method

【課題】安定的かつ低コストのペプチド合成方法を提供する。【解決手段】大腸菌ＢＬ２１−ｐＥＴＨｉｓ−ｙｗｆＥおよび大腸菌ＢＬ２１−ｐＥＴＨｉｓ−ａｃｋをそれぞれ作製し、これらの菌株を別々に培養し、組換えアミノ酸リガーゼおよび酢酸キナーゼを得る。アセチルリン酸のリン酸基が、酢酸キナーゼの作用下でＡＤＰに移行してＡＴＰとなり、このＡＴＰを用いてペプチドを合成する。【選択図】図１

Liquid crystal display panel and driving method thereof

Process for making biobased propylene glycol from lactic acid esters

Four-band printed circuit board antenna

biodiesel propylene glycol manufacturing process

a presente invenção se trata de um processo aperfeiçoado de fabricação de propileno glicol bioderivado a partir de uma composição de alimentação incluindo pelo menos um de ácido lático, glicerol, um açúcar de cinco carbonos, um álcool de açúcar de cinco carbonos, um açúcar de seis carbonos e um álcool de açúcar de seis carbonos, em que a produção de dióis de quatro carbonos e de cadeia mais longa é reduzida por adição de base após o início da reação. em modalidades preferenciais, o ph do processo e outras condições do processo são inicialmente estabelecidos em valores pretendidos para obter a conversão mais elevada para um determinado catalisador consistente com a produção de substancialmente nenhuns produtos secundários de pentanodiol na mistura de produtos, e base é adicionada posteriormente para controlar o ph do processo próximo do valor inicialmente pretendido. The present invention is an improved process for making propylene glycol bioderivated from a feed composition comprising at least one of lactic acid, glycerol, a five-carbon sugar, a five-carbon sugar alcohol, a six-sugar. carbons and a six-carbon sugar alcohol, wherein the production of four-carbon and longer chain diols is reduced by addition of base after the start of the reaction. in preferred embodiments, the process ph and other process conditions are initially set at desired values to obtain the highest conversion to a given catalyst consistent with the production of substantially no pentanediol by-products in the product mixture, and base is added thereafter. to control the process ph close to the initially intended value.

Synthesis of r-glucosides, sugar alcohols, reduced sugar alcohols, and furan derivatives of reduced sugar alcohols

Disclosed herein are methods for synthesizing 1,2,5,6-hexanetetrol (HTO), 1,6 hexanediol (HDO) and other reduced polyols from C5 and C6 sugar alcohols or R glycosides. The methods include contacting the sugar alcohol or R-glycoside with a copper catalyst, most desirably a Raney copper catalyst with hydrogen for a time, temperature and pressure sufficient to form reduced polyols having 2 to 3 fewer hydoxy groups than the starting material. When the starting compound is a C6 sugar alcohol such as sorbitol or R-glycoside of a C6 sugar such as methyl glucoside, the predominant product is HTO. The same catalyst can be used to further reduce the HTO to HDO.

Regeneration of catalyst for hydrogenation of sugars

A process for regenerating catalysts that have been deactivated or poisoned during hydrogenation of biomass, sugars and polysaccharides is described, in which polymerized species that have agglomerated to catalyst surfaces can be removed by means of washing the catalyst with hot water at subcritical temperatures. A feature of the process regenerates the catalysts in situ, which allows the process to be adapted for used in continuous throughput reactor systems. Also described is a continuous hydrogenation process that incorporated the present regeneration process.

Synthesis of R-glucosides, sugar alcohols, reduced sugar alcohols, and furan derivatives of reduced sugar alcohols

Disclosed herein are methods for synthesizing 1,2,5,6-hexanetetrol (HTO), 1,6 hexanediol (HDO) and other reduced polyols from C5 and C6 sugar alcohols or R glycosides. The methods include contacting the sugar alcohol or R-glycoside with a copper catalyst, most desirably a Raney copper catalyst with hydrogen for a time, temperature and pressure sufficient to form reduced polyols having 2 to 3 fewer hydoxy groups than the starting material. When the starting compound is a C6 sugar alcohol such as sorbitol or R-glycoside of a C6 sugar such as methyl glucoside, the predominant product is HTO. The same catalyst can be used to further reduce the HTO to HDO.

Process for producing isohexides

A process is described for producing an isohexide by a base catalyzed conversion of a 1,2:5,6-diacetal of a hexitol to the isohexide.

Removal of organic salts from bio-derived glycol products of polyol hydrogenolysis

A method for reducing contaminants in the production of a bio-derived glycol product of polyol hydrogenolysis is described. The method involves subjecting an aqueous, polyol product mixture (from the hydrogenolysis conversion of biologically-derived carbohydrate feedstock) to ion-exclusion chromatography to separate and reduce impurities from an eluant fraction containing a desired product, and distilling the eluant fraction to yield the desired product (e.g., propylene glycol or ethylene glycol). The reaction product mixture can be introduced into a continuous ion-exclusion chromatography system to reduce the impurities and produce in a high-throughput manner a finished otherwise commercially acceptable glycol product.

Synthesis of reduced sugar alcohols, furan derivatives.

En la presente se describen métodos para sintetizar 1, 2, 5, 6-hexanotetrol (HTO), 1,6-hexanodiol (HDO) y otros polioles reducidos a partir de glucósidos R o alcoholes de azúcares C5 y C6. Los métodos incluyen poner en contacto el glucósido R o alcohol de azúcar con un catalizador de cobre, de la forma más deseable un catalizador de cobre Raney, con hidrógeno durante un tiempo y a una temperatura y presión que sean suficientes para formar polioles reducidos que tengan de 2 a 3 grupos hidroxi menos que el material de partida. Cuando el compuesto de partida es un alcohol de azúcar C6 tal como el sorbitol o un glucósido R de un azúcar C6 tal como un glucósido metílico, el producto dominante es HTO. Se puede utilizar el mismo catalizador para reducir adicionalmente el HTO a HDO.

Conversion of 1,2,5,6-hexanetetrol (hto) to tetrahydrofuran dicarboxylic acid (thfdca)

Disclosed herein are methods for synthesizing useful intermediates and/or products from 1,2,5,6-hexanetetrol (HTO), which itself can be derived from a sugar. In an aspect, a process is provided for production of THFDCA from 1,2,5,6-hexanetetrol (HTO). The process comprises the steps of (a) ring closing to form a ring compound and (b) oxidizing using a catalyst comprising platinum and bismuth to form an acid mixture. Step (a) may be performed before or after step (b).

Auto power-off and actuation circuit for a fan

An automatic power-off and actuation circuit for a fan comprises a drive unit, a detection unit, a voltage-modulating unit, a comparison unit, an auto-restart unit, a regulation unit and a controlled IC, wherein the detection unit is electrically connected to the drive unit, the voltage-modulating unit is electrically connected to the detection unit, the comparison unit is electrically connected to the voltage-modulating unit, the auto-restart unit is electrically connected to the comparison unit, the regulation unit is electrically connected to the auto-restart unit and the drive unit, and the controlled IC is electrically connected to the regulation unit and the drive unit.

Method and system for operating wind turbine during fault

Removal of organic salts from bio-derived glycol products

Thermocoupled lift pin system for etching chamber

A thermocoupled lift system for semiconductor etch chambers. The system comprises multiple thermocoupled lift pins which are vertically extendible from a heater block inside a semiconductor etch chamber and are capable of lowering a semiconductor wafer onto the heater block before the etching process and lifting the wafer from the heater block after the etching process. In the event that the temperature of the wafer exceeds a predetermined value after the etching process, the lift pins trigger release of a cooling purge gas such as nitrogen into the etching chamber to partially cool the wafer prior to transfer of the wafer to a cool down chamber for further cooling. The initial gas-induced cooling of the wafer prevents thermal stressing thereof upon transfer of the wafer to the cool down chamber.

Method, Device and Gateway Server for Detecting Proxy at the Gateway

The present invention provides a method for detecting proxy at the gateway, comprising decomposing the access request from the IP need to be proxy-monitored into an access request to original address and an access request to gateway-specified address to access the original address and the gateway-specified separately; determining whether a specific cookie information is included in said access request to gateway-specified address or not to obtain a second determining result; responding to the access request to said gateway-specified address and embedding the cookie information with the time stamp into the client PC by the gateway when said second determining result is no, and reading said cookie information when said second determining result is yes; determining whether said IP is using proxy or not on the basis of said cookie information. Accordingly, the present invention also provides a device and gateway server for detecting proxy at the gateway. It can be detected accurately and secretly in the intranet whether a certain IP is using common proxy or nat proxy.

Electronic device

An electronic device comprising: a body having a first portion and a second portion located below the first portion, wherein a bottom surface of the first portion and a side surface of the second portion forms an opening under the bottom surface of the first portion, wherein at least one portion of an electrode is disposed on the bottom surface of the first portion of the body, and at least one portion of the second portion of the body is disposed in an opening of a circuit board with the electrode being disposed on and electrically connected with the circuit board.

Process for making taurine

A process is described for forming taurine, which comprises reacting monoethanolamine with sulfuric acid to provide an 2-aminoethanol hydrogen sulfate ester product, combining the 2-aminoethanol hydrogen sulfate ester product with at least one of carbon dioxide, a carbonate or bicarbonate and with at least one of a sulfite or bisulfite to form a sulfonation reaction mixture, and heating the sulfonation reaction mixture for a sufficient time to form a taurine product therefrom. The efficiency of the sulfonation step is improved sufficiently to enable a continuous process for making taurine, particularly with at least some concurrent water removal in the first, esterification step to facilitate full conversion of the monoethanolamine to the desired 2-aminoethanol hydrogen sulfate ester intermediate.

Underwater camera housing

ABSTRACT There is provided an improved underwater housing for 33mm cameras wherein the lens can be switched between manual and auto-focusing modes while the camera is enclosed in the housing. No further external controls are required to accomplish this.

Safety buckle of umbrella runner

A safety buckle of umbrella is mounted in receiving compartments formed in a runner. The safety buckle is generally a U-shaped having two limbs each forming a hook latch. Two pivot pins are respectively mounted to opposite side surfaces of the buckle and torsion springs are respectively fit to the pivot pins to provide the hook latches with spring biasing force for engagement. The pivot pins of the safety buckle are respectively received in pivot holes defined in inside surfaces of the receiving compartments. To open the umbrella, the runner is moved upward along a center post. A user presses down the safety buckle when the runner gets close to positioning pins formed on the center post to allow the hook latches to respectively engage the positioning pins thereby securely fixing the runner in position on the center post.

Co-production of monomers, including at least one bio-based monomer

Se describen procesos para la oxidación de productos de deshidratación de carbohidratos, tales como furánicos que pueden oxidarse al monómero de base biológica ácido 2,5-furanodicarboxílico (FDCA), según los cuales se ha descubierto que ciertos co-alimentos imparten un beneficio efecto estabilizador de la reacción, se oxidan junto con los productos de deshidratación de carbohidratos. Esto puede contrarrestar ventajosamente, en su totalidad o en parte, los efectos perjudiciales de las impurezas de humina presentes en la alimentación de oxidación, habiéndose generado tales impurezas como subproductos de la etapa de deshidratación aguas arriba. Una alimentación conjunta importante es el paraxileno que se puede cooxidar para formar el ácido tereftálico monómero a base de petróleo (TPA), de modo que el coprocesamiento puede producir beneficiosamente dos monómeros valiosos, al tiempo que mejora el rendimiento, particularmente en términos de estabilidad de la reacción. , sobre procesos comparables en los que solo se produce el primer monómero. Los aspectos relacionados involucran oportunidades para adaptar las instalaciones de producción de monómeros existentes para permitir el coprocesamiento de productos de deshidratación de carbohidratos que pueden conducir a las ventajas mencionadas anteriormente. (Traducción automática con Google Translate, sin valor legal) Processes for the oxidation of carbohydrate dehydration products are described, such as furans that can be oxidized to the biobased monomer 2,5-furanedicarboxylic acid (FDCA), whereby certain co-foods have been found to impart a beneficial stabilizing effect. of the reaction, they are oxidized together with the dehydration products of carbohydrates. This can advantageously counteract, in whole or in part, the detrimental effects of humin impurities present in the oxidation feed, such impurities having been generated as by-products of the upstream dehydration step. An important co-feed is paraxylene which can be ...

Improved multiphase low mixing processes.

Se describe un proceso para mejorar el rendimiento de determinados sistemas de reacción multifase que incluyen un catalizador sólido, uno o más reactantes en la fase gaseosa y uno o más reactantes en la fase líquida, en donde se identifica una concentración deseada máxima de un reactante en la fase líquida para proporcionar un valor mejorado en términos de formación de subproductos, desactivación de catalizador y producción de los productos deseados, y esta concentración deseada se aproxima estrechamente y preferentemente se logra, pero no se excede sustancialmente, aguas abajo en un proceso continuo o posterior en el tiempo a partir de la iniciación de un lote de un modo semidiscontinuo de operación de tales procesos.

Steering connecting structure

一種轉向連接結構，包括球形接頭支架和元件支架，球形支架包括球形接頭，元件支架設有收容空間，球形接頭可轉動地容置於該收容空間中，且至少一凸點設置於該收容空間的內壁和該球形接頭的其中之一上，至少一軌道滑槽設置於該收容空間的內壁和該球形接頭的其中另一上，該等軌道滑槽限制該等凸點於其內滑動。

Process for producing 1,2-propanediol from glycerol

Power distribution equipment and power distribution system

This application discloses power distribution equipment and a power distribution system. The power distribution equipment includes a power distribution device and a power distribution box, where the power distribution device is capable of being inserted into and removed from the power distribution box; a connection port is disposed at a first end of the power distribution device, where the connection port is used to connect a power cable or a user load line; a power connection terminal is disposed at a second end of the power distribution device, where the power connection terminal is used to plug into a busbar inside the power distribution box; and the connection port and the power connection terminal are connected inside the power distribution device. A design in which the power distribution device is capable of being inserted into and removed from the power distribution box simplifies operation and improves convenience.

Fan speed control circuit

A gas furnace with anti-dumping safety device

Removal of organic salts from bio-derived glycol products.

Se describe un método para reducir contaminantes en la producción de un producto glicólico bioderivado de la hidrogenólisis de polioles. El método implica someter una mezcla acuosa de productos poliólicos (procedente de la conversión por hidrogenólisis de una materia prima de carbohidratos derivada biológicamente) a cromatografía de exclusión iónica para separar y reducir las impurezas de una fracción eluyente que contiene un producto deseado, y destilar la fracción eluyente para obtener el producto deseado (p. ej., propilenglicol o etilenglicol). La mezcla de productos de reacción se puede introducir en un sistema continuo de cromatografía de exclusión iónica para reducir las impurezas y producir, con un rendimiento elevado, un producto glicólico acabado y comercialmente aceptable.

Process for producing 1,3-butanediol and for optionally further producing (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate

A process is described for producing 1,3-butanediol, wherein an ester of poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate such as formed by transesterification with an alcohol is reduced by hydrogenation in the presence of a skeletal copper-based catalyst to provide 1,3-butanediol. The 1,3-butanediol may be transesterified by reaction with additional poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate ester to produce (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate.

Synthesis of reduced sugar alcohols, furan derivatives

Disclosed herein are methods for synthesizing 1,2,5,6-hexanetetrol (HTO), 1,6 hexanediol (HDO) and other reduced polyols from C5 and C6 sugar alcohols or R glycosides. The methods include contacting the sugar alcohol or R-glycoside with a copper catalyst, most desirably a Raney copper catalyst with hydrogen for a time, temperature and pressure sufficient to form reduced polyols having 2 to 3 fewer hydoxy groups than the starting material. When the starting compound is a C6 sugar alcohol such as sorbitol or R-glycoside of a C6 sugar such as methyl glucoside, the predominant product is HTO. The same catalyst can be used to further reduce the HTO to HDO.

Sugar hydrogenolysis with molybdenum co-catalyst selective for producing glycols

A hydrogenolysis process is disclosed for directly converting a sugar feed comprised of a high fructose feedstock, a high sucrose feedstock, or a combination of these to a mixed lower polyols product including both propylene glycol and ethylene glycol. The process provides greater propylene glycol selectivity than ethylene glycol selectivity such that the propylene glycol is present to a greater extent than the ethylene glycol in the mixed lower polyols product. The sugar feed and a source of hydrogen are supplied to a reaction vessel and reacted in the presence of a hydrogenolysis catalyst comprising molybdenum (Mo) and ruthenium (Ru).

Printed circuit board antenna capable of receiving signals of different polarized directions

Package substrate having high heat dissipation performance and the process thereof

Speed-Level Calculator And Calculating Method For Dynamic Voltage Scaling

Disclosed is directed to a speed-level calculator and calculating method for dynamic voltage scaling. The speed-level calculator comprises a deadline counter, a shifter, and a fixed-point multiplier. The deadline counter calculates the residual time D from current time through to each task deadline for completing an episode. The shifter generates a D′ value by shifting the D value to the right for e−m bits, and takes the decimal fraction part of the D′ value for m bits. The speed-level calculator further comprises a saturation control circuit to detect if an overflow occurs on the D′ value. According to a pre-calculated parameter a i corresponding to each task T i , the fixed-point multiplier performs the multiplication of D′ and α i . After completing saturation and rounding on the multiplication result, a corresponding clock period is generated by taking the integer part. This clock period is used as speed-level to switch the processor voltage and frequency.

Coupled Inductor

A coupled inductor having a body, wherein a first electrode and a second electrode are connected to a first coil, and a third electrode and a fourth electrode are connected to a second coil, wherein a first horizontal line segment passing through the first electrode and the second electrode and a second horizontal line segment passing through the third electrode and the fourth electrode crosses each other at a location inside the periphery of a bottom surface of the body.

Processes and cataylsts for producing diethanolamine from glycolaldehyde

Improvements in catalysts and associated processes for the conversion of glycolaldehyde to diethanolamine are disclosed. The catalysts exhibit improved selectivity to this desired product and consequently reduced selectivity to monoethanolamine, compared to conventional processes. These beneficial effects are achieved through the use of a hydrogenation catalyst comprising at least one noble metal.

Paper bag capable of being folded for receptacle

Systems and methods for hybrid video encoding

Systems and methods are provided for hybrid video encoding. An example method includes: acquiring image information; extracting a background image based at least in part on the image information; detecting whether the background image is stable; and performing encoding switching between a background-based encoding method and a non-background encoding method based at least in part on the detection.

Process for making taurine

A process is described for forming taurine, which comprises reacting monoethanolamine with sulfuric acid to provide an 2-aminoethanol hydrogen sulfate ester product, combining the 2-aminoethanol hydrogen sulfate ester product with at least one of carbon dioxide, a carbonate or bicarbonate and with at least one of a sulfite or bisulfite to form a sulfonation reaction mixture, and heating the sulfonation reaction mixture for a sufficient time to form a taurine product therefrom. The efficiency of the sulfonation step is improved sufficiently to enable a continuous process for making taurine, particularly with at least some concurrent water removal in the first, esterification step to facilitate full conversion of the monoethanolamine to the desired 2-aminoethanol hydrogen sulfate ester intermediate.

Image capturing device

An image capturing device includes a casing, a camera assembly, an adjustment element, a first stopping structure and a second stopping structure. The camera assembly is disposed within the casing. A portion of the camera assembly is exposed outside the casing. The adjustment element is connected with the camera assembly, and rotatable relative to the casing. As the adjustment element is rotated, the camera assembly is correspondingly rotated. The adjustment element includes a contacting structure. The first stopping structure and the second stopping structure are arranged between the casing and the adjustment element and located at different positions. When the camera assembly is switched to a horizontal photographing mode, the contacting structure is positioned at the first stopping structure. When the camera assembly is switched to a vertical photographing mode, the contacting structure is positioned at the second stopping structure.

Image capturing device

An image capturing device includes a casing, a camera assembly, an adjustment element, a first stopping structure and a second stopping structure. The camera assembly is disposed within the casing. A portion of the camera assembly is exposed outside the casing. The adjustment element is connected with the camera assembly, and rotatable relative to the casing. As the adjustment element is rotated, the camera assembly is correspondingly rotated. The adjustment element includes a contacting structure. The first stopping structure and the second stopping structure are arranged between the casing and the adjustment element and located at different positions. When the camera assembly is switched to a horizontal photographing mode, the contacting structure is positioned at the first stopping structure. When the camera assembly is switched to a vertical photographing mode, the contacting structure is positioned at the second stopping structure.

Systems and methods for hybrid video encoding

Systems and methods are provided for hybrid video encoding. An example method includes: acquiring image information; extracting a background image based at least in part on the image information; detecting whether the background image is stable; and performing encoding switching between a background-based encoding method and a non-background encoding method based at least in part on the detection.