Article and method of making an article.

[0001] this invention was supported by the US Government FC26-05N T42 643 under the application number DE-, has been made by the Energy Department issued,. The US Government has certain rights to this invention.

[0002] The present invention relates to an article and a method of making an article. In particular, the present invention relates to an article, contains of said cooling holes, and a method for producing cooling holes in an article.

[0003] turbine systems are constantly modified, so as to increase the efficiency and to reduce costs. A method for increasing the efficiency of a comprises an increase in the operating temperature of the turbine systemturbine system. To must be constructed to increase the temperature can withstand, the turbine system from materials, the such temperatures during a continuous insert.

[0004] a modification of said materials and coatings of components in addition to a conventional method comprising for increasing the temperature resistance a turbine component, the use of complex cooling channels. The complex cooling channels are often produced in metals and alloys, are used in gas turbine high temperature regions. A current methods for the generation of complex cooling channels comprises a complicated drilling, such as with a laser or a water jet. Another method for production of the cooling passages comprises a costly electrical discharge machining.

[0005] cooling channels by drilling or electrical discharge machining, however, can be difficult to produce the complex, which may result in an increased committee contributes to drive, the thereto, the costs in the height. In particular, it is difficult with current procedures, to generate form-arranged holes. Furthermore, it is increasingly difficult to generate, either by drilling or by a small electric discharge machining form-arranged holes.

[0006] A article and a method with improvements of the process and/or the properties of the generated components would be desired in the art.

[0007] In a comprises a method for producing cooling holes in an article aspect more form-arranged the steps of: providing a metal alloy powder, contracts metal alloy powder thus obtaining a initial layer up to a preselected thickness and the with a preselected shape, wherein the preselected shape contains at least one opening, providing a focused energy source, with the focused energy source to convert the melting of the powder layer to a metal alloy coursemetal alloy powder, subsequent orders an additional layer to form a layer having a second preselected thickness and metal alloy powder of a second preselected shape above the metal alloy course, wherein the second preselected shape contains at least one opening, the at least one opening in the initial layer is in accordance with the, and melting of said additional layer with the focused energy source, so as to increase the web thickness and generating metal alloy powder of the at least one opening with a predetermined profile.

[0008] The previously recited method can comprise further comprises a repeating the steps of subsequent metal alloy powder and of melting of the additional layers of the additional layers of the contract metal alloy powder, wherein each of the additional layers the increased web thickness, to the structure, in particular a structure having a predetermined thickness and shape and at least one opening, the has a predetermined profile is obtained.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment the method may take into account the additional steps of providing a substrate and of securing the structure having the predetermined thickness and shape and the at least one opening, the has the predetermined profile have, to the substrate.

[0010] The last-mentioned method may also the additional steps of masking the at least one opening, the has the predetermined profile have, and of applying a coating over an exposed surface of the fixed structure having the predetermined thickness.

[0011] In addition or as an alternative may the method further comprises the additional step of generating dosing holes in the substrate through the at least one opening, the provide has the predetermined profile have, therethrough, wherein a passage for a fluid through the fixed structure the dosing holes, wherein the passage the at least one opening, the has the predetermined profile contains,.

[0012] in addition to or as a further possible alternative is the structure with the Continue predetermined thickness and shape are fixed to the substrate by a process is selected from the group comprising, to the welding, brazing and diffusion welding.

[0013] In any arbitrary travel of the last-mentioned preferred embodiment, the structure having the predetermined shape can be secured over the outer surface of the substrate.

[0014] Each any method of the last-mentioned step of modifying a substrate surface can have a further preferred embodiment, in order to create a channel receives corresponds to, the structure having the predetermined thickness and shape and these.

[0015] In any one previously mentioned method can be an arcuately shaped profile said predetermined profile of said at least one opening.

[0016] Alternatively, the predetermined profile of said at least one opening a conically shaped profile be.

[0017] also the predetermined profile may have an opening of the at least one aperture (0.010 inch) 254 pm at least.

[0018] Even more the predetermined profile may form an angle with a surface of the structure of said at least one aperture, wherein the angle is selected from the group, up to 90° to the, between 10° and 50° and about 30° belong, wherein 90° represents an opening is aligned perpendicular to the surface of the structure.

[0019] In proceedings any above-mentioned type can the initial layer and each additional layer of the 20-100 pm metal alloy powder to a thickness in the range of (0,0 0008-, 004 inch) are applied.

[0020] In proceedings any above-mentioned kind with a predetermined thickness in the range of 250 can the structure -6350 pm (0,010-0, 250 inch) are created.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment can comprise implementing the method of the last-mentioned the substrate an alloy is selected from the group that is one, to the gamma-Dash-superalloys and stainless steels.

[0022] In said last-mentioned method, the gamma be selected from the group of compositions can-Dash-superalloys, the Ta consist of niobium in weight percent: about 9.75% chromium, about 7.5% cobalt, about 4.2% aluminum, about 3.5% titanium, about 1.5% molybdenum, about 6.0% tungsten, about 4.8% tantalum, about 0.5, about 0.15% hafnium, about 0.05% carbon, about 0,004% boron and a balance of nickel; about 7.5% cobalt, about 7.0% chromium, about 6.5% tantalum, about 6.2% aluminum, about 5.0% tungsten, about 3.0% rhenium, about 1.5% molybdenum, about 0.15% hafnium, about 0.05% carbon, about 0,004% boron, about 0.01% yttrium and a balance nickel; and between about 8.0% and about 8.7% Cr, 9% and about between about 10% co, between about 5.25% and about 5.75% AI, up to about 0.9% (e.g. between about 0.6% and about 0.9%) Ti, between about 9.3% and about 9.7% W, up to about 0.6% Mo (e.g. between about 0.4% and about 0.6%), between about 2.8% and about 3.3%, between about 1.3% and about 1.7% Hf, up to about 0.1% (e.g. between about 0.07% and about 0.1%) carbon, up to about 0.02% Zr (e.g. between about 0,005% and about 0.02%), up to about 0.02% (e.g. between about 0.01% and about 0.02%) B, up to about 0.2% Fe, up to about 0.12% Si, up to about 0.1% Mn, up to about 0.1% cu, up to about 0.01% P, up to about 0,004% S, up to about 0.1 Nb, and a balance nickel.

[0023] In another implementing the method of the last-mentioned preferred embodiment, the structure can have an alloy is selected from the group that is one, to the stainless steels, alloys and cobalt-based superalloys.

[0024] In said last-mentioned method, the superalloys can be selected from the group of compositions, the Ta consist of niobium in weight percent: about 0.15-0.20% carbon, about 15.70-16.30% chromium, about 8.00-9.00% cobalt, about 1.50-2.00% molybdenum, about 2.40-2.80% tungsten, about 1.50-2.00% tantalum, about 0.60-1.10%, about 3.20-3.70% titanium, about 3.20-3.70% aluminum, about 0,005-0, 015% boron, about 0.05-0.15% zirconium, a maximum of about 0.50% iron, a maximum of approximately 0.20% manganese, a maximum of about 0.30% silicon, a maximum of approximately 0,015% sulfur and a balance nickel; about 5% iron, between about 20% and about 23% chromium, up to about 0.5% silicon, between about 8% and about 10% molybdenum, between approximately 4.15% Nb + 3.15% and about, up to about 0.5% manganese, up to about 0.1% carbon and a balance nickel; about 50% - 55% nickel + cobalt, about 17% - 21% chromium, about 4.75% - 5.50% niobium + tantalum, about 0.08% carbon, 0.35% manganese about, about 0.35% silicon, about 0,015% phosphorus, about 0,015% sulfur, about 1.0% cobalt, about 0.35% - 0.80% aluminum, about 2.80% - 3.30% molybdenum, about 0.65% - 1.15% titanium, about 0,001% - 0,006% boron, 0.15% copper, balance iron; and about 20% chromium, about 10% cobalt, about 8.5% molybdenum, a maximum of about 2.5% titanium, about 1.5% aluminum, 1.5% iron a maximum of about, a maximum of approximately 0.3% manganese, a maximum of approximately 0.15% silicon, about 0.06% carbon, about 0,005% boron and a balance nickel.

[0025] In proceedings any above-mentioned type can the step of providing the focused energy source providing the focused energy source contained is selected from the group, belong to the a laser device and an electron-beam device.

[0026] In particular the step of providing said laser device can contain a providing a laser device, the is selected from the group, to which a fiber laser, a CO2-laser and a LP-YAG lasers.

[0027] Special can the step of providing a laser includes providing a fibre laser, the 125-500 watts at a line speed of 400-1200 mm operates in the power range of/sec, contain.

[0028] In any one method, wherein the substrate comprises an alloy, the include from the group, to the gamma-Dash-superalloys and stainless steels is selected, the step can be brazing of attaching, wherein a solder material can be selected from the group, to which a boron nickel alloy and include a silicon-nickel alloy.

[0029] In addition or as an alternative may the method further comprises, when the step of securing a welding a substrate of a gamma-Dash-Superalloy is, have a welding agent material, comprising an alloy, which contains a composition is selected from the group, consisting in percentage by weight of:

about 0,015% boron, about 0.05% to about 0.15% carbon, about 20% to about 24% chromium, about 3% iron, about 0.02% to about 0.12% [...], about 1.25% manganese, about 20% to about 24% nickel, about 0.2% to about 0.5% silicon, about 13% to about 15% tungsten and a balance cobalt; and about 22% chromium, about 16% iron, about 9% molybdenum, about 1.5% cobalt, about 0.6% tungsten, about 0.10% carbon, about 1% manganese, about 1% silicon, about 0,008% boron and a balance nickel.

[0030] Alternatively, the method further comprises, when the step of attaching welding a substrate is of a stainless steel, have a welding agent material, comprising a stainless steel.

[0031] The method can have an arbitrary above-mentioned kind in accordance with the conclusion of the step of repeating steps of sequentially further applying the additional steps of: hot-pressing of the structure at an elevated temperature and an elevated pressure, sufficient to be sufficient to solidify the structure further comprises; and solution heat treating the structure, the said solidified metal alloy powder, at an elevated temperature and for a time, to distribute [...] alloying elements within the structure.

[0032] In another exemplary embodiment an object contains a metallic substrate and a structure, the molten material by direct metal laser melting a with a predetermined thickness is fixed to the metal substrate contains the has, , said structure having at least an opening with a predetermined profile. The structure is produced by the process any above-mentioned type. The article contains further includes a passageway by the structure, the contains the at least one opening and an associated dosing hole.

[0033] The previously mentioned article may comprise a turbine blade or a turbine vane.

[0034] Additional features and advantages of the present invention from the following more detailed description of the preferred embodiment are in connection with the accompanying drawings clearly, the illustrate the principles of the invention by means of an example.

[0035]

Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for producing cooling holes.

Fig. process opinion of a method for producing cooling holes 2 shows a.

3 shows a perspective view of cooling holes Fig., using direct metal laser melting the have been generated.

4 shows a perspective view of an article Fig., the contains by direct metal laser melting a strip having secured thereto generated cooling holes.

5 shows a perspective view of an article Fig., the individual by direct metal laser melting generated contains cooling holes, are secured thereto.

Fig. [...] by direct metal laser melting 6 shows a form of pots and sized cooling hole a is secured to an object, according to one embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. [...] by direct metal laser -7 shows a shaped and sized cooling hole a melting is fixed to a coated article, according to one embodiment of the disclosure.

8 shows a cross-section of a by direct metal laser-Fig. melting shaped cooling hole, overlying a sized hole in an object is fixed, according to one embodiment of the disclosure.

9 shows a cross-section of a by direct metal laser-Fig. melting shaped cooling hole, overlying a sized hole is fixed in a coated article, according to one embodiment of the disclosure.

[0036] If it is possible, the same reference numbers are used throughout the drawings, to represent the same parts.

[0037] It and a method for manufacturing an article are an article having cooling holes, the cooling holes therein, created. Compared to articles and method, which do not use one or more of the disclosed characteristics here, embodiments of the present disclosure increase the complexity of openings, they increase the cooling hole complexity, to improve the quality of the openings, the film cooling increase, the reduce cooling hole size, the manufacturing costs decrease of cooling holes, separately from an article form-arranged cooling holes generate, a repair allow for attachment to an object of cooling holes, an improved yield on the production of advanced features enable control or a combination thereof.

[0038] With reference to the Figure. 1-3 is a process 100 of producing a structure 251 with direct metal laser melting ( [...], Direct Metal laser melting) created. In one embodiment the method 100 contains a manufacturing Eg more form-arranged cooling holes in an article. Creates any shape for the structure 100 The method 251,251 or any other feature in the structure the cooling hole 251 in the structure, including an opening, such as, but not limited to, a measured slot or an angled trench with holes. To suitable forms include, without, however, point to be limited to, square, rectangular, triangular, circular, semi-circular, oval, trapezoidal, octagonal shapes, shapes having features formed therein, any other geometric shape, or a combination thereof. In another embodiment, the method 100 (step 101) and contracts metal alloy powder 201 contains a providing a metal alloy powder of the 201,202 (step 102) so as to form an initial layer of powder. The initial powder layer 202 has a preselected thickness and a preselected shape on 203,204 which contains at least one first opening. In another embodiment, a focused energy source 210 (step 103) is provided.

[0039] To suitable focused energy sources include, without being reduced, however, point, a laser device, an electron-beam device, or a combination thereof. The laser device contains an arbitrary laser device, which is operating in a power range and at a feed rate for melting the metal alloy powder 201, such as, without being reduced, however, point, a fiber laser, a C02 ~ LP-YAG laser or a laser. In one embodiment, contains the power range, without being reduced, however, point, between 125 and 500 watts, between 150 and 500 watts, between 150 and 400 watts or any combination, subcombination, any range or subrange of these. In another embodiment contains the feed rate, without being reduced, however, point, between 400 and 1200 mm/sec, between 500 and 1200 mm/sec, between 500 and 1000 mm/sec or any combination, subcombination, any range or subrange of these. In a further embodiment, the focused energy source 210 operates Eg in the power range between 125 and 500 watts, wherein the feed rate between 400 and 1200 mm/sec for one to three outline passages. In another embodiment, between about 0.08 mm and 0.2 mm shading distance the focused energy source on a points 210.

[0040] 210 is focused energy source on the initial powder layer 202 directed The, 201 (step 104) and to convert the initial powder layer metal alloy powder the fuse in a 211 202 metal alloy course. The method 100 then contracts contains Next 201 211 (step 105) above the metal alloy coursemetal alloy powder of an additional, so as to form an additional layer 223 222 having a second preselected thickness and a second preselected shape. The second preselected shape 224 contains at least one second opening, the create 202 204 in the initial powder layer corresponding to the at least one first opening, wherein the two openings a passage for the passage of fluid. After the contracts of said additional layer (step 105) the method contains metal alloy powder 201 222 of the 100 222 (step 106) with a melting of the additional layer of the focused energy source 210,211 233 metal alloy course has a web thickness to increase so as to generate a combined opening 234 and at least the, having a predetermined profile.

[0041] The steps of subsequent applying the additional layer 201 (step 105) and of melting metal alloy powder 222 of the 222 are repeated (step 106) the additional layer (step 107) can subsequently, to a structure with a predetermined thickness 251, a predetermined shape and at least a single final opening 254, comprising a pre-determined profile is obtained. 251 contains 100% 90% and a density of e.g. between The structure, between 95% and 99%, 98% and 99% between, or any combination between 99% and 99.8%, subcombination, any range or subrange of these. After the repeating sequential hot-isostatically pressed (step 107) the structure 251 is [...]melting steps (HIP-gepresst), solution-annealed and/or tension-poor-glowed. In one embodiment, the structure for 3-5 hours is pressed Eg 251 at an elevated temperature (2100 °F and 2300 °F) 1149 °C and 1260 °C between and an elevated pressure (10,000 PSI) 137.9 MPa hot-isostatically 68.95 MPa and between. Hot isostatic pressing the structure 251 further solidified The, so as to increase the density of the structure 251 of 99.5% and 98% and 100% to between about between about 99.8% for example. In another embodiment, in addition to the hot isostatic pressing for 1-2 hours the structure 251 can in a vacuum at an elevated temperature (2000 °F and 2200 °F) by solution annealing and 1093 °C 1205 °C between (solution annealed) be treated. In another embodiment, the structure is for 1-3 hours in a vacuum at an elevated temperature between 251 1038 °C and 1149 °C (1900 °F and 2100 °F) heat-treated. It will be recognized by experts in the field that the temperatures for the hot isostatic pressing and the temperatures for the heat treatment and the desired properties depend heavily on the composition of the powder.

[0042] 202 203 the initial powder layer and the second preselected thickness preselected The 223 222 comprises each of the additional layers thickness in the range of 20-100 a thickness (0,0 0008-, 004 inch) pm, (0,0 0008-, 0032 inch) 20-80 pm, 40-60 pm (0,0 - 0016,0024 inches or any other combination, subcombination, any other region or portion thereof. The preselected thickness 223 203 is the same or different from said second preselected thickness, the varied or 222 is maintained for each of the additional layers. The predetermined thickness of the structure 202 251 203 the initial powder layer is from said preselected thickness 223 222 formed and the second preselected thickness each of the additional layers. On the basis of the preselected thickness 203, the second preselected thickness 223 and/or thereof, as many of the additional layers are applied 222, the predetermined thickness comprises any suitable thickness in the range of 250 251 each structure of 350000 pm (0,010-13.78 inches)-, 250-200000 (0,010-7.87 inches), (0,010-1.97 inches) 250-50000 pm, 250-6350 pm (0,010-0, 250 inch), or any combination, subcombination, any range or subrange of these.

[0043] In one embodiment, the predetermined profile 254 designed is the at least one opening, so as to create a fluid flow profile, such as for film cooling a hot component,. In an example contains an arcuately shaped the predetermined profile 254 of said at least one aperture profile. In another example 254 contains the predetermined profile a conically shaped profile of said at least one aperture. At other examples include, without being reduced, however, point, zigzag profiles, circular profiles, oval profiles, polygonal shaped profiles or combinations of these. In another embodiment the predetermined profile 254 254 contains the at least one aperture (0,010 inch) an opening of at least pm, (0,015 inch) 381 pm at least, 508 (0,020 inch) at least or any other combination pm, subcombination, any other region or portion thereof. In another embodiment the predetermined profile 254 forms an angle with a surface of the structure of said at least one aperture comprises 90° up to 251. The angle for example, between 10° and 50 °, about 30° or any combination, subcombination, any range or subrange of these, wherein the at least one opening 90° at 254 251 is aligned perpendicular to the surface of the structure.

[0044] With reference to the Figure. 4-5 401 contains 100 in one embodiment, the method includes providing a substrate, such as a metallic substrate, and securing the structure 251 to the substrate 401.

[0045] In another embodiment, the substrate forms at least a portion of an item 401, the operates under elevated temperatures. To objects, the work under elevated temperatures include, , without, however, require to be limited to, gas turbine components, such as rotor blades, guide vanes, blades or any other components, the cooling holes. In another embodiment of the article is either a newly manufactured or an existing article, such as, but not limited to, an object for a repair or for upgrading.

[0046] The substrate 401 contains a any suitable composition, which is based upon the object, and the structure is any suitable composition for attachment to the substrate 251 contains 401 401. To suitable compositions for the substrate include, without being reduced, however, point, an alloy, such as a gamma-Dash-Superalloy or a stainless steel. In one embodiment, a composition of the gamma comprises-Dash-Superalloy e.g., in weight percent, about 9.75% chromium, about 7.5% cobalt, about 4.2% aluminum, about 3.5% titanium, about 1.5% molybdenum, about 6.0% tungsten, about 4.8% tantalum, about 0.5 niobium, about 0.15% hafnium, about 0.05% carbon, about 0,004% boron and a balance nickel. In another example the gamma comprises-Dash-Superalloy a composition of, in weight percent, about 7.5% cobalt, about 7.0% chromium, about 6.5% tantalum, about 6.2% aluminum, about 5.0% tungsten, about 3.0% rhenium, about 1.5% molybdenum, about 0.15% hafnium, about 0.05% carbon, about 0,004% boron, about 0.01% yttrium and a balance nickel. In another example the gamma comprises-Dash-Superalloy a composition of, in weight percent, between about 8.0% and about 8.7% Cr, 9% and about between about 10% co, between about 5.25% and about 5.75% AI, up to about 0.9% (e.g. between about 0.6% and about 0.9%) Ti, between about 9.3% and about 9.7% W, up to about 0.6% Mo (e.g. between about 0.4% and about 0.6%), between about 2.8% and about 3.3% Ta, between about 1.3% and about 1.7% Hf, up to about 0.1% (e.g. between about 0.07% and about 0.1%) carbon, up to about 0.02% Zr (e.g. between about 0,005% and about 0.02%), up to about 0.02% (e.g. between about 0.01% and about 0.02%) B, up to about 0.2% Fe, up to about 0.12% Si, up to about 0.1% Mn, up to about 0.1% cu, up to about 0.01% P, up to about 0,004% S, up to about 0.1 Nb, and a balance nickel.

[0047] To suitable compositions for the structure 251 include, without being reduced, however, point, an alloy, such as stainless steel, a superalloy or a cobalt based alloy. In one embodiment, the structure 401 is fixed to a cooled region of the substrate 251,251 what the temperatures of the structure, which it is exposed to, reduced. In another embodiment the alloy comprises z.B. 70Co -27Cr -3Mo cobalt-based. In another embodiment the superalloy comprises, without niobium Ta niobium to be limited, however, a composition of, in weight percent, about 0.15-0.20% carbon, about 15.70-16.30% chromium, about 8.00-9.00% cobalt, about 1.50-2.00% molybdenum, about 2.40-2.80% tungsten, about 1.50-2.00% tantalum, about 0.60-1.10%, about 3.20-3.70% titanium, about 3.20-3.70% aluminum, about 0,005-0, 015% boron, about 0.05-0.15% zirconium, a maximum of about 0.50% iron, a maximum of approximately 0.20% manganese, a maximum of about 0.30% silicon, a maximum of approximately 0,015% sulfur and a balance nickel; a composition of, in weight percent, about 5% iron, between about 20% and about 23% chromium, up to about 0.5% silicon, between about 8% and about 10% molybdenum, between about 3.15% and 4.15% Nb +, up to about 0.5% manganese, up to about 0.1% carbon and a balance nickel; a composition of, in weight percent, about 50% - 55% nickel + cobalt, about 17% - 21% chromium, about 4.75% 5.50% + tantalum, about 0.08% carbon, 0.35% manganese about, about 0.35% silicon, about 0,015% phosphorus, about 0,015% sulfur, about 1.0% cobalt, about 0.35% - 0.80% aluminum, about 2.80% - 3.30% molybdenum, about 0.65% - 1.15% titanium, about 0,001% - 0,006% boron, 0.15% copper and remainder iron; and/or a composition of, in weight percent, about 20% chromium, about 10% cobalt, about 8.5% molybdenum, a maximum of about 2.5% titanium, about 1.5% aluminum, 1.5% iron a maximum of about, a maximum of approximately 0.3% manganese, a maximum of approximately 0.15% silicon, about 0.06% carbon, about 0,005% boron and a balance nickel.

[0048] The structure 401 are compatible 251 and the substrate. If the substrate 401 is stainless steel, the structure 251 is also preferably of stainless steel. Similarly, in the case that the substrate is from a gamma-Dash-Superalloy 401, the structure also from a superalloy [...] -Dash -251.

[0049] The securing the structure to the substrate 251 comprises 401 processes, such as, but not limited to, brazing, welding, diffusion welding, or a combination thereof. In one embodiment, when the fastening of the structure 251 to the substrate 401 comprises brazing, a solder material is used, such as a boron nickel alloy and/or a silicon-nickel alloy,. In another embodiment, comprises, when securing the structure to the substrate 401, a welding of the structure 251 251 at a gamma-Dash-Superalloy, a welding agent material used, such as, for example, an additional material with a composition of, in weight percent, about 0,015% boron, about 0.05% to about 0.15% carbon, about 20% to about 24% chromium, about 3% iron, about 0.02% to about 0.12% [...], about 1.25% manganese, about 20% to about 24% nickel, about 0.2% to about 0.5% silicon, about 13% to about 15% tungsten, and a balance cobalt; and/or a composition of, in weight percent, about 22% chromium, about 16% iron, about 9% molybdenum, about 1.5% cobalt, about 0.6% tungsten, about 0.10% carbon, about 1% manganese, about 1% silicon, about 0,008% boron and a balance nickel. In another embodiment, when securing the structure to the substrate 401, a welding of the structure 251 251 at a comprises stainless steel, the stainless steel contains a welding agent material.

[0050] With reference to the Figure. 6-9 is the structure 401 601 of the substrate 251 either on a modified surface (Fig. 6-8) or via an outer surface 901 of the substrate 401 (Fig. 9) attached. The engineered structure 251 601 contains a feature for receiving the structure, wherein the feature corresponds to the predetermined thickness and the predetermined shape of the structure 251. In the feature is positioned if they, the structure 251 is recessed relative to the outer surface 901,901 lies flush with or extends along the outer surface also this. To suitable features include, without, however, receiving thereon to be limited to, a channel, a recess, a slot, or any other modification an opening, around the structure 251 at least partially therein.

[0051] In one embodiment, the modified surface 401 601 is generated during the production of the substrate. In another embodiment, the modified surface 401 601 is generated after the production of the substrate, such as by machining the outer surface 901 to form the feature. In another embodiment, when the object comprises the existing article, the modified surface is generated by elimination of existing openings 601, machining of the existing object to form the characteristic and/or purification of the existing article for a direct attachment.

[0052] 251 contains a any suitable number of final structures Each of the openings 254 254. On the basis of the number of the final openings 251 more than a single of the structures can be attached to the substrate 401. As in Fig. 4 illustrates, for example, two of the structures can be attached to the substrate 401 251, wherein each of said structures 251 a 254 contains the final openings. In another example, as illustrated in 5 Fig., 401 fixed to the substrate 251 is of the structures a single, wherein the structure contains 254 251 more of the final openings.

[0053] Any from the at least one final opening is a passageway 254 251 ready for a fluid by the structure. If it proves necessary is connected to the extension of the passage through the substrate to form the final opening 401 and 254 with an associated sized cooling hole each of the at least one hole 403. In one embodiment, both the at least one final opening 254 and the are sized hole 251 generated 403 in the structure, and they extend completely through the substrate 401 (6 and 7 Fig.) therethrough. In a modified embodiment the at least one final opening 403 is positioned above the sized hole 254 is formed in the substrate 401 (Fig. 8). In another modified embodiment the structure 251 is fixed to the substrate 401 (Fig. 9), wherein the sized hole is formed in the substrate 401 403 subsequently. In a still further modified embodiment is produced of the sized hole 251 in the substrate 403 a part, and the remainder of the sized hole 401 403 is generated in the substrate either before or after a fastening of the structure 251. 403 401 is generated in the substrate hole sized If that has been fixed, after the structure 251, the sized hole 254 therethrough is formed by the at least one final opening 403. A forming the sized hole or. dosing hole 401 403 in the substrate comprises a any suitable process, such as, but not limited to, drilling.

[0054] In one embodiment, the method comprises applying a coating 100 701 contains, such as a bonding agent layer and/or a heat-resistant coating (TB, thermal barrier coating), to the substrate is any suitable adhesive layer 401 comprises. The adhesion promoter layer, such as, but not limited to, a MCrAlY bond coat. The coating is applied either before or after fixing the structure 701 251 to the substrate 401. In a further embodiment the structure 251 is fixed on the Eg 401 substrate, the at least one final opening 254 is masked, and then the adhesion promoter layer is sprayed and/or the TBC above the exposed base metal. Alternatively, the coating is applied to the substrate 401 701 and then removed from an area, to facilitate an attachment of the structure 251.

[0055] While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment is understood by experts in the field that various changes can be made and equivalents can be replaced by elements, without that is deviated from the periphery of the invention. Many modifications may be made, , order to adapt a particular situation or a particular material to the lessons depart the invention, whose essential framework without of. Consequently, the intention is that the invention is to be limited not to the specific embodiment, the disclosed embodiment as the best is determined to apply this invention, but that the invention is to include all embodiments, the fall within the scope of the accompanying claims.

[0056] It are more form-arranged cooling holes in an article and a method for producing an object created. The method includes the steps of applying a metal alloy powder, so as to form a is obtained contains contains contains corresponds to convert to form initial layer, the at least one opening, with a focused energy source metal alloy powder of melting the, the bed of powder in a metal alloy course, an additional layer of the contract of the succeeding metal alloy powder, about a layer, the at least one opening, the at least one opening in the initial layer, of melting of said additional layer to increase the web thickness metal alloy powder with the focused energy source and the repeating said steps of successive metal alloy powder contract and melting of the additional layers of the, to a structure, the at least one opening of a predetermined profile,. The structure is fastened on a substrate, to produce the article.