Support based nonwoven web for flat article and method of making same.

Description the present invention relates to a nonwoven web-based support textile chemical, dimensionally stable and its manufacturing method.It is known to use chemical textile plies

nontissées

, particularly synthetic textile such as polyester, as support in many applications: sealing membrane, floor coverings EIHHs that mat (TI, needled), slabs (plastics, textile), wall coverings, media coating, supporting flock, andc.In general, these items have in common firstly provides that both the aging of dimensional accuracy and on the other hand being subjected being manufactured simultaneously to mechanical and thermal stresses are generally greater than those experienced in use; these constraints may result in risks of deformation: elongation in the longitudinal direction, cross directional shrinkage and deformation in reverse during the aging of the article standing, due to the phenomenon of "springback" this more precisely for the supports lightweight like those of a weight equal to or less than 150 g/m2.Thus the sealing membranes, used in the construction industry, are often made of a support or armature bituminised. These supports were first of

tìssus

jute, cellulosic fibers, and glass fiber webs. In recent years, appeared a new generation of sealants providing a significant step in the material, on the one hand, thanks to improvement

spectabulaire

of modified using elastomers and] or plastomers, on the other hand by the conjoint use of rebars based

nontissées

in polyester fabric plies, mainly polyethyleneglycol which meets increased deformability, for better support the dimensional changes carriers (roofs, terraces, heat insulators) and leading to a very sharp increase in resistors dart complexes/bitumen structure thus formed.However, if the nonwovens (melt, dry, wet) are, most often, chemically bonded therebetween, which generally leads to results industrial interest, this binding process involves

uvre

particular compositions of chemicals, it is formed with a recovery method and is ultimately costly.Furthermore, it is not obtained results perfectly satisfactory as to subsequent behavior of the plies, especially in dimensional stability either during the

bituminage

or later at clevises (membrane) performed and

pósées

on roof. Found as described previously that this may lead to deformations: removal and cross-direction elongation in said longitudinal direction and trusses to

bituminage

after aging on roof, inverse deformations of corrugations and risks, this more precisely for the armatures of weight less than or equal to 150 g/m2.Gold, the current trend is the relief components of the clevis

bituminée

friendly economic and engineering: decreased cost, storage and handling easier. Therefore, many manufacturers utilize, for the sealing membranes most

Iégères

, an armature comprised of a complex comprising at least one ply polyester non-woven, associated with a fiberglass mat or a glass mesh woven or bonded. The association between nonwoven fiberglass mat and is commonly performed during the simultaneous

bituminage

by impregnation of the two frames. It is also possible to combine the glass veil and the nonwoven polyester by needling or gluing.Documents describing such products are for example, French Patent FR's 2,562 471 wherein a non-woven polyester is associated with two outer layers of fiberglass; U.S. Patent U.S. 4,539 254 which describes a membrane comprising at least three layers bonded together (e) combining nonwovens, glass mesh and polyester: for the English 1,517 595 wherein a nonwoven fabric made of polyester is associated with a network of glass threads (gate/

ifils

crossed). In these embodiments, the amount of glass although limited for increases little mass does not remain less relatively large thereby economically involves greater expense.US 3,834 978 known is a bottom mat carpet

ruft

needled or formed by an assembly comprising two nonwoven webs nylon fibers between which is disposed a spacer includes either an grid nylon woven, either by nylon monofilaments mutually parallel in the machine direction (lengthwise). This assembly is subjected, during the production thereof, to needle punching and bondable to an uneven exterior sides and, intermittently, on the inner sides of nylon webbing, through the release liner. Thus, the wires forming the grating or Los monofilament indicated are made of a material same as or having similar characteristics to that forming the plies

nontissées

, securities while having considerably higher. Therefore, the reinforcement obtained is a reinforcement having degree of reinforcement consistent regardless of the physical condition, especially of temperatures at which said assembly is subjected.Technically, these various embodiments are possible to improve the dimensional stability of the sealing membrane after laying. To some extent, they also reduce the deformations of the polyester fleece during

bituminage

, this by limiting the elongation in the longitudinal direction as it passes through the machine and shrinkage in the width as well as the LOS deformations subsequent related to the tendency to spring back yokes in aging after placement on a roof.3 HM 684 232g a3 however, the solutions are not entirely satisfactory, particularly in the case of two armatures distinction in effect, the impregnation of bitumen is performed by passing the batt, or rather complex Ckd, greatly accelerated the polyester + glass veil, an impregnation vessel. The quality of the impregnation depends on O,

iíerents

factors, particularly bitumen viscosity defined as a function of temperature and residence time, and mechanical systems diverting and

essorrage

in the baths.As the temperature is limited due to risk of degradation of the polyester, a residence time must be large enough that the impregnation is complete, which implies a path in the trough long enough and thus the passage of the complex on guides or

embarrages

causing friction increasing voltage stresses up to 80 DAA/m of width of the web.Gold, under the combined effect of the temperature baths impregnating or surfacing, often of the order of 160 to 200 °c, and tensile loads of the machine, the ply of glass and the ply polyester may have different paths during the impregnation step and upon relaxation of the clevis laid, which may produce an undesirable surface irregularities: undulations, cracks, andc.Furthermore, the mechanical behavior of the clevis dual armed during the phenomenon traction is often very heterogeneous. Indeed, the glass veil, because of its low elongation at break & (less than 5%), breaks first according to preferential break lines. At the location of these fault lines, localize the LOS constraints on the armature polyester highest elongation, but this

Iocalisation

results in a decrease in overall qualities of load, elongation and fatigue strength. This may lead to risks of cracking on the yoke.Other advances have been made by the applicant in the French Patent 2,546 537 which relates to a one sealing membrane and a membrane with the underwire having good dimensional

caractéñstiques

over time and, in addition, performed under conditions economically interesting. This sealing membrane is characterized in that its frame is a non-woven of continuous filaments thermally bonded, preferably needled, containing:70 to 90% of - polyethyleneglycol et - 30 to 10% butylene glycol polybutylene terephthalate.The manufacturing method of this framework is characterized in that the in performs, by extrusion, a web of continuous

fiiaments

made up of the two polymers, in that the lanyard optionally the resulting sheet, and then by the

thermolie

continuously at a temperature between 220 and 240 °c in causing melting of the component most fuse.For the realization of the sealing membrane, the armature is

bituminée

at a temperature lower than the temperature of the filaments of the thermobondability web. After

bituminage

, the assembly is subjected optionally prior treatments such as sandblasting or

ardoisage

, ILOC

suppñmé

was the use of a non-woven or a glass mesh together with the nonwoven polyester, which is technically and economically attractive.It has been found however, especially for low basis weights of less weight or ""' " 150 g/m2, that there are still some problems of dimensional stability during the diss of the membrane from the web, especially during the

bituminage

because of against mechanical and high heat, and under the conditions of use on terrace of the membrane resealing.

sée

or, by the phenomenon of springback, occur in time deformations in opposite direction to those occurring batches of the manufacture.It is also known to introduce longitudinal reinforcing wires made of mineral material in a fiberglass mat, said web being subsequently associated & a sheet made of synthetic fibers consolidated for obtaining a sealing membrane support. Such a complex whose purpose is first be noninflammable fire and then good dimensional stability is the object of European Patent 0,242 524. However, if the request addresses the dimensional stability under the conditions of use (up to 80 °c, and unstressed), it does said NED on product stability during the

bituminagec'est

to say subjected to high loads and temperatures. Gold behavior at

bituminage

largely determines the subsequent behavior under the conditions of use and deformations in such processing are shown to be also enforced decisions. Problems with "

alogues

to those encountered in sealing occur also in the employment

revétements

floor. In this application used articles such as synthetic textile material as carrier

nontisséespdmaire

(primary backing) and/or secondary support (secondary backing) of tufted carpet. The manufacture TAT, ls has known operations, such as:

enducüon

backing,

dépõt

underlayer, dyeing or printing, which subject the product in development which simultaneously at high temperatures and strong. May result of

déforr

maker along direction elongation, removal in I ranging CD folders primary and secondary ARs following a trend to deformations reverse once the carpet laid, which is detrimental, P IERs in the case of patterned impression connectable.Risks like deformations to the manufacture and the tendency to deformations reverse aging may meet also for the slabs reinforced plastic textile or a nonwoven web, while the articles are articles that require excellent dimensional stability.The present invention is intended to solve the above problems. It concerns a nonwoven web-based support for flat article, of good dimensional stability in all

condiCH

684 232g a3 ing embodiment, subsequent processing, and use, comprising at least one nonwoven web-based chemical textile material, in the form of fibers or continuous filaments, characterized by the fact that said web comprises wires high modulus reinforcement arranged parallel to each other in the direction of its length.The nonwoven web can be obtained by dry, wet or

extrusiûn

a melt as IF]

aments

(

spunbûnded

ply). The textile material chemical is H ealth] synthetic hydraulic circuit. There is preferably used a web IF]

amentscûntinus

in in.]

ymères

plastics such as polyamide or polyester which exhibit good stability under the conditions of manufacture and use of the article.Advantageously used polyester filaments. As polyester, can be used polyethyleneglycol alone or with of the PO]

ytéréphtalate

of butylene glycol; the two polymers being IF] put forward together as a bicomponent: bimetal, side by side or coaxial, or spun separately from the same die or different. The filaments of the web can be of any section: flat, round or profiled. Preferably use is made of filaments of round cross section. The web is preferably and advantageously thermobonding consolidated by needling.Preferably] AE characteristics of the fleece considered singly and in particular its behavior tensile cold are already conform relatively close to the features required for the medium in the context of its use.The weight of the nonwoven web according to the use may vary within wide limits. In general, it is between 20 and 500 g/m2, preferably between 50 and 250 g/m2, the invention being particularly interesting for] AE plies of weight less than or equal to 150 g/m2, most likely undergo deformations during manufacturing operations of the article.By wires is designated high modulus yarns having a modulus of elasticity greater than 20 GPa and preferably greater than 50 GPa at (1 GPa at AI=10o); these values being measured ambient temperature but is not substantially altered when the wires are subjected to temperatures of the order of 200 °c and more. In as high modulus, include] in ES-based wires of the following materials: glass,

araraides

, in.]

yamides

aromatic, various polyesters high tenacity, carbon, metal, and the like preferably used glass strands, widely known and relatively inexpensive. The wires constitute a high modulus reinforcement in the direction along the nonwoven web. They can be deposited on a face, ] stem and two faces, or sandwiched in the nonwoven web. The association reinforcement yarns/nonwoven web can be made by bonding with a suitable chemical binder, heat]

iage

and/or needling; these means achieve cohesion between the wires and the nonwoven web.The amount of reinforcing thread is based on characteristics of the ply to which it is related, in particular tensile behavior SEEN cold and the temperatures reached during the process of preparation of the article as well as constraints supported during this process. The minimum amount is determined by the required strength of the support (web

nûntissée

more reinforcing threads) to tensile stresses experienced high temperatures reached during the process of

élabûration

of the article. This amount should be sufficient to prevent breakage of wires. It is such that when the reinforced ply is being tested/stress direction elongation along, the yarn breakage of glass is recorded for a strain of at least 80 and preferably at least 100 daN per meter width. The maximum amount is determined according to the curve load/elongation of the nonwoven web to cold. It is determined such that the curve profile load/elongation of the reinforced ply as close as possible to that of the non-reinforced ply. In particular the Young's modulus is not substantially changed and the curve thus does not exhibit significant discontinuity

Iûrsqu

' is recorded case reinforcing wires.The amount of reinforcing threads is expressed by the parameters diameter (title) and density (spacing).These two parameters are optimized to have the behavior as possible of the support. Where for a given type of sheet, the curve load/elongation depends essentially on its weight, in the preferred case of using glass yarns and plies

nûntissées

continuous filament polyester, the weight of which is between 50 and 250 g/m2 and depending on whether they are bonded chemically, thermally and/or needled, beneficially glass strands having a diameter of 5 basic strands is between P and P-13, whose strength is between 2.8 and 272 of tex and which are 2 mm to 30 mm regularly spaces. Preferably use is made of glass yarns with a titre of between 22 and 68 Tex is, 10 to 30 mm spaces; the titles indicated above are those commercially available standard threads.In practice, for tablecloths weight polyester preferred 50 to 250 g/m2 and regardless of the final destination of the carrier (seal, carpet, Da and] the, and so on) the use of a few grams/m2 of glass threads is sufficient; 2 to 3 g/m2 of glass threads are sufficient to webs of 50 to 150 g/m2 building for the sealing membranes, the threading to bituminizing is completed without any problem. Indeed, the breaking load of glass threads on 1 m width of machine can be computed as follows. For 2,244 g/m2 of glass threads either threads 34 66 Tex is spaced 15 mm, the breaking load per meter width of yarn sheet glass alone will be:HM=684 232g a3 34 x 66 x 33, 5 - actually occurred earlier; g=75,174 k as a yarn in Tex/m-number of threads toughness in g/denier yarn is agement: s. 73.67 dAA in the case of an assembly of wires on a polyester fleece IF]

aments

continuous 110 gim2 followed by thermobonding, the yarn breakage of glass load/elongation curve on a test piece of cm wide (3 wires considered) and 20 cm between jaws of the dynamometer (according Afnor standard g07 001) is recorded at 18 DAA, corresponding to 18 x 20=360 DAA for flax wide. This considerable increase in apparent breaking load initial glass strands is explained in cohesion wires/nonwoven

conséque

"," multiple areas of bonding wires in the textile structure via the molten binder fibers.. generatrix of a perfectly homogeneous fracture behavior of the assembly.As it will be in more detail in the examples, the examination of the curve load/cold elongation of said nonwoven web-reinforced glass yarns metered watch:a Young's modulus - cold identical lengthwise with respect to the same nonwoven web uncocked.- mid-load about, yarn breakage of glass without causing too much broken curve.However examining

allongment

/load curve shows a significant improvement to 180 °c the Young's modulus hot. This module is multiplied by at least 2 and preferably by 2.5 3 angstroms.See well, based on these tests that the stabilization may be perfect operation has

bituminage

, voltages

machir

" Q-'

excèdant

not 100 DAA/m in width and that on the other hand the stability of the product d e

dimensionnelie

exhibit good will be enhanced, this by decreasing the memory effect. This. results are obtained with very little glass and a minimum cost of about 0.08 f/m2. The material cost is to be compared with a cost of about 0.80 f/m2 for a fiberglass mat of 50 g/m2 used frequently in the forks

biarmées

polyester

volle

glass or with performing complex nonwoven-gate glass 1xlx34 78D (1 wire/cm in warp and trailing), structure is judged as minimum practical cost, in all cases, is greater than 1 f/m2.The present application also relates to a method for manufacturing the above carrier, characterized by the fact that during the production of a nonwoven web made from textile chemical or after manufacture is brought, by appropriate means, reinforcing wires that OH which has continuously parallel to each other at a predetermined distance against at least one of faces of the nonwoven web or between two layers and that reinforcing the connection between said wires and said web.For the embodiment of the mat by melt extrusion of the polymer is convenient and the manufacture of the web using the means described in the

préfèrence

French patents 1,582 147 2,299 438 and of the applicant. The placement of the reinforcing threads can be performed continuously or batchwise. In both cases, the LOS wires are fed from cloth or of coils disposed adjacent the web and distributed in such a such that they are parallel to each other at predetermined space constant along the length. Preferably placing reinforcing wires takes place continuously with the manufacture of the web, an immediately following or during the latter, during the topping.The connection of the wires with the fleece is effected either by applying a chemical binder, either preferably by needling and/or thermobonding.In the case of ceramics may be in the form of wires coated with a chemical adhesive, either for tablecloths chemically bonded in the drape insert the chemical during the bonding thereof.In the case of heat-bonding may be in the form of coated threads of sealing product or a fusible yarn is spun for tablecloths thermobonded introducing the wires in the web during manufacture and bond ply and wires during the thermal bonding of the web. For example, in the case of thermal bonding, without

aiguiiletage

previously and wires applied surface, used the first solution: heat-wires.In the case of needling, are a preferred special needles, the reinforcing threads being embedded in surface or in the bulk of textile filaments

emmélés

. For example, in the case of needling and connecting wires on one face, special needles are used on round to two opposite edges provided with barbs positioned

diñgées

in the longitudinal direction, so as not to touch the reinforcing threads: such as Los needles

FOSTERSNEEDLES

like

Pinch

KURELEK.In the case of the introduction of reinforcing strands in a phase of batt according a method

travelil

is desired to include the wires between two devices

nappeurs

. In this case, it will be possible signi -: the LOS standard needles (e.g.: needles 40 RB of ape) for imparting a first

cohépar

needling of the web. Indeed, it appears that the reinforcing threads are more easily made consistent performance by this method, while supporting a aggressiveness needles because of the protection by the filaments of the web located on either side of these wires. This needling will advantageously be followed by thermobonding online. During these successive operations, there will be well taken care of giving sufficient tension to the belt package filament chemical and reinforcing threads so that they are perfectly tensioned during all phases of Ch 684 232g a3

consclidation

to obtain a maximum modulus of elasticity in the direction along] has reinforced ply constituting the support for

artJcJe

according to the invention.For the embodiment of the mat by dry methods are used habituation] s to this technique.The incorporation of the reinforcing threads, their connection with the web and into consolidating thereof are carried out in the same way as for] AE webs melt.For performing the wet web is employed conventional methods to this technique.The combination of the reinforcing threads takes place after manufacture of the web and their connection therewith is by chemical or thermal bonding ply on or between two laps more

Iégères

. The nonwoven web-based support for flat articles, according to the present invention has many advantages in all SAW of use: fitting sealing membrane, primary or secondary backing of tufted carpet, reinforcement panels for SOI, andc.1 - on a general plane:- remove deformation of the web under mechanical stresses at elevated temperature during treatments included in the process of manufacturing the article.- remove deformation reverse aging on the article standing, resilience

préeédentes

deformations.- material-saving and low cost.2 - in the case of sealing membrane, compared to the use of two armatures: glass veil and nonwoven impregnated simultaneously and bonded together during the

irnprégnation

:- substantial economy on the raw materials.- removing stock using a dual armature

bituminées

yokes of the manufacturer.- ease of impregnation with the ability to substantially increase production rates of clevis.- removing clevis appearance problems resulting from the use of reinforcements module very different: folds, cracks, corrugations, andc.- mechanical behavior much more satisfactory at break: better continuity of the curve load/elongation of the clevis leading to improved fatigue strength (cracking).- greater flexibility that facilitates the placement of the clevis yokes in cold weather.3 - in the case of sealing membrane, with respect to the complex glass nonwovens and

gri]le

complexes or nonwovens sail glass (combined before impregnation):- limiting easier of the total amount of glass at m2.- economy on the raw materials.- impregnation easy.mechanical breaking behavior -

pJus

uniform as] imitation of the amount of glass.- greater flexibility of the clevis.- removal risks appearance-modifying and/or dimensional presentation by behavior different physical plied upon impregnation and subsequent use.But the invention will be better understood with the aid of examples and Figures hereinafter illustrative and non-limiting.Figure 1 represents the diagrams compared load/cold elongation a nonwoven web without reinforcing thread and a carrier: nonwoven web more reinforcing threads associated, according to the invention, respectively in the longitudinal direction and the cross direction.Figure 2 represents the diagrams compared load/elongation of the same plies that Figure 1, temperature of 180 °c.Fig. 3 schematically shows a first embodiment of the inventive method

uvre

.Fig. 4 schematically shows a second embodiment of the inventive method

uvre

.Fig. 5 schematically shows an apparatus for measuring the characteristics of a sealing membrane prepared from the support according to the invention.The fig.. 6 schematically shows a method of manufacturing a sealing membrane from the support according to the invention.The method reproduced at the fig.. 3, the carrier is formed in a single step, ] in ES reinforcing strands being associated with and bonded to the nonwoven web during the making thereof. The web is made by melt, according to the method described in the French Patent 1,582 147, by extruding molten polymer as filaments 1, pneumatic drawing of these filaments and deposition on a receiving table 2 with use of a device for coating type tilting state, not shown, as described in the French Patent 2,299 438. The reinforcing threads 3 are associated with the web forming, upon entry of the apron receiver. They are fed from coils 4, mounted on a creel unwind HM 684 232g a3 5, pass over a hack system 6 for tensioning and then through a respective guide

illet

7. the eyelets 7, judiciously spaced and aligned, to the input of the receiving table 2 aim to provide guidance wires 3 parallel to one another and with the desired spacing on the receiving table 2.8 the nonwoven web is formed thereby on the apron 2 receiver on its underside by integrating the reinforcing threads 3. at the output of the receiving table 2, the web and the reinforcing threads transition continuously into a needle loom 9 where they are subjected to a needling operation providing hand connecting web/reinforcement yarns. The connection is completed by thermobonding by passing through the calender the support 11 according to the invention thus produced is wound on a receiver means 12.The method illustrated in fig. 4 is similar to fig. shown schematically. 3, it is not the power supply of the reinforcing threads 3 on the receiving table 2. ILOC yarns are arranged between two layers of the web and are supplied on the apron receiver between two devices

nappeurs

situated respectively in a and b using individual guide tubes 13. As to the fig.. 3, at the outlet of each tube 13 is disposed a

illet

7, all of the eyelets for positioning parallel wires to the desired gauge.Example 1 herein a nonwoven web of filaments of 100 g/m2 of 2 m wide, angstroms from yarns of extruded polyethylene terephthalate glycol and polyethylene terephthalate of butylene glycol, in the proportion of 87% and 13% /

respectine

, filaments of title 7 dtex fibers.Continuously, from means schematized in fig. 4 is incorporated thereto at the time of topping, all 1.5 cm, a glass yarn travels like T-Z-ECs 9, 34 6 28 (diameter of the strands 9 micron, 34 title, size-type 6, twist 28' Z-MFC) company

VETROTEX

.These yarns have a breaking strength of 33.5 grams/denier and an elongation at break of about 5.5%. They are fed from spools of 2.7 kg mounted on a creel as represented in fig. 4.The complex polyester fleece + glass yarns is needled with needles 40 RB of ape (40 gauge, heures whiskers) 50 cm 2/perforation, 12 mm of penetration.The output of the needle machine, the web is calendered to 235 °c, under a pressure force of 25 DAA/cm by calender rolls provided with release coating. Condition: speed of m/min to calender 13, passageway S, total contact time of the bundle with the two cylinders: 15 seconds, and then passing on cooling rollers and winding.This results in a heavy web 107 g/m2 cocked.

dynamomètriques

characteristics of this framework, compared with those of a frame without glass threads are indicated on the tables 1 and 2 following. Table 1 relates the measured characteristics to cold (20 °c), the table 2 the measured characteristics to 180 °c. The characteristics are measured on test piece 5 cm wide (3 wires considered) and 20 cm long; cold to standard NF grams 07,001 and hot in the same dimensional criteria and pulling speed but the traction system and the test piece attached in the jaws are in a thermal enclosure being controlled at the temperature of 180 °c. The curves load/

allengement

reproduced in fig. 1 (cold) and 2 (to 180 °c), L-: direction along, T-: CD, c1: with wires, c2: without wires.By referring to table 1 and Figure 1, it is shown that the load and the elongation at break of this framework are very low in said longitudinal direction are modified by the addition of glass. It is noted also that the elongation direction along under 3 DAA 5 daN and unchanged and that the elongation under 10 DAA is also substantially

inohangé

. This is the reflection of not changing the Young's modulus. Is located well in the break in direction along the breakage of the glass yarns to DAA 18, thereby providing a significant increase in tensile strength, since taken out of the web, the three wires considered together have a breaking load of theoretical 3.35 DAA. This case does not cause disturbance at the nonwoven fabric whose

ceurbe

break continues without significant modification.By referring to the table and to the fig. 2. 2, the curve of molecules to 180 °c shows a significant improvement in the module to the origin of the reinforced ply. The DAA elongations under 3, 5 daN and an approximately equal 10 DAA are considerably reduced. Where the stresses to which the support is subjected (the armature) during the

bituminage

are maximally 80 to 100 daN per linear meter been involved 4 DAA to DAN for 5 cm width, this results in very little deformation of the support at

bituminage

(or other heat treatment according to its final destination) thus improved dimensional stability during both

bituminage

or other hot process and later, once the support in place. 5 daN and registered at the yarn breakage of glass, value high enough to deduce that the reinforced ply will be broken glass strands, stress incurred during

bituminage

(or other heat treatment).Frame was also tested under heat and tension in the bitumen.Testing of the bitumen is implemented using the apparatus shown in Figure 5. this consists mainly of a tray 20 for receiving the bitumen 50, furnished with heating and temperature control 21, 22 of a removable basket of calibrated dimensions for the insertion and holding of the specimen in the trough 23, individual guides references or 24 - 25 to define the path of the specimen and a reading scale mllimetered 26.HM 684 232g a3 lo and the bitumen used is a bitumen impregnating Shell (Ref PX is 100 - 130), 10c/130 penetration (penetration in 1/10 e of mm to 25 °c measured according to standard NF T 66004).The sample tubes 10 x 120 cm are cut in the longitudinal direction of the web. There are three test pieces taken from the width, one at the center and one at each edge to 10 cm of the selvage. The test proceeds according to the following:- Brought heats the apparatus=185 °c temperature, and allowed to stabilize the temperature.- Is attached a clamp at each end of the test tube 23, one of which 27 constituting a fixed point.- Introduced the specimen into the hot bitumen using the basket 22 which is left resting on the bottom.The basket is fixed by means of a lug 28; the level of bitumen and the dimensions of the basket being determined to have a length of 500 mm immersed in the bitumen.- 29 is fixed load, either 4 DAA then 7 DAA mat of 107 g/m2.- 30 s and is expected to mark the elongation using the scale mllimetered.Expressing the percent elongation of the submerged lengths.- After removal of the load and the basket, the specimen is removed and is wrung out by means of a suitable device.The specimen is 8 -

uspend

vertically and, after complete cooling, measuring the shrinkage in width and expressed in terms of percentage of the width.The values are

porrees

on the table 3 below.Another test, more accurate, is

rëalisé

in thermal enclosure 200 °c, on test pieces of 20 cm wide and 30 cm length (length of the test piece taken along the direction of the web length) between clips. The specimen is suspended, by the upper clamping jaw, in the heat shroud to 200 °c with a load of 8 daN and hooked to the bottom clamp. Measuring the dimensional change of the specimen, after cooling to room temperature, lengthwise and transverse and expressed these changes by %. The values are carried on the table 4 below.In the two tests, there is a behavior very significantly improved heat distortion and under tension of the nonwoven cloth reinforced relative to the non-reinforced nonwoven (see the different strain levels in tables 3 and 4).The carrier-based nonwoven fabric can be used as reinforcement of sealing membrane.The manufacturer of clevis

bituminéebituminage

is carried out of the armature by installation schematized fig.. 6. the armature 11 is

dëroulée

a supply roll 30, and then passes into an assembly station in an accumulator 31 and 32. The assembly station operative for the beginning of a new roll at the end of the length of frame being processed and the accumulator absorbs discontinuities in the feed. The armature is then passed through a first workstation

bituminage

33, a second station

bituminage

34, 35

ardoisage

station, an application station of a plastic film 36, 37 a cooling zone, a second accumulator 38 and is received on a receiving device 39 provided with a cutting means 40 of the armature when the solenoid coil upon receipt has reached the desired size.The

bituminage

takes place in two phases:- a first impregnation stage full bath to 180 °c (station 33) followed by squeezing between 2 metal rollers 41 - 42 with a bitumen-like oxidized 100/40, 40/10 e penetration of mm (according to the standard NF T 66,004) ring and ball softening point of 100 °c (according to standard NF T 66,008).- a second phase called surfacing (station 34) by coating on both sides of bitumen type elastomer (styrene butadiene styrene) R.S. to 175 °c, followed by screening to preset spacing between rollers 43 - 44 according to the desired thickness of the clevis, deposition of slate on 1 side and a film on the other face and

pclypropylène

cooling on drums in the area 37.This same frame 107 g/m2 uncocked could not undergo treatment of

bituminage

without very strong deformation in the machine direction along and through with one aspect extremely

onduIé

rendering the clevis totally unusable.In this case, the behavior during the

bituminage

is excellent and the appearance of the clevis perfectly flat. The subsequent holding of the clevis to dimensional stability test at 80 °c, recommended by I '

UEATC

(European Union for method agreement in the construction) conforms to the requirements of dimensional change or changes less than 5 0/00 in both directions.Of course the invention is not limited to the example described, but encompasses all embodiments falling within the scope of the general definition.HM 684 232g a3 table 1 control without glass yarn 106, 30.6 27.7 1.1 26.4 24.0 0.3 0.5 1.2 0.3 0.6 1.4 12.0 10.0 test with glass thread basis weight (g/m2) 107 breaking load of SL * (DAA) 32.0

ruptu

load; I * CD (DAA) 31.2 isotropy: of SL/CD elongation (%) 1.02 .SL 23.3 elongation (%) CD/3. DAA 24.4 elongation (%) 0.3 - .SL approximately 5 daN/elongation (%) of SL - 0.5/10 daN of elongation (%) of SL - 1.1/3. elongation (%) CD DAA - 0.3 - approximately 5 daN/elongation (%) 0.5 CD/CD - 10 daN of elongation (%) 1.2 - breaking energy of SL - shall Õ) 11.2 energy break - CD - 11.2 (d) breaking load (DAA) glass yarns 18.0 elongation at break (%) glass yarns *=2.2 - along direction of SL, CD=cross direction table 2 basis weight (g/m2) breaking load (DAA) breaking load of SL - - - - (DAA) CD elongation (%) isotropy international Affairs (%) - -

SLAllongementSTAllongement

DAA/3. (%) of SL - - test with glass thread 107, 21.0 16.7 1.25 27.0 21.3 0.9 1.9 6.4 1.6 3.3/elongation (%) - approximately 5 daN of SL - / elongation (%) 10 daN of elongation of SL - / - (%) from 3 - DAA - CD/elongation (%) - approximately 5 daN - CD/elongation (%) 10 daN of break - (Y)-

STEnergieSLEnergie

break - (Y)- CD yarns glass breaking load (DAA) elongation at break (%) glass yarns 8.9 6.3 4.3 5.2 2.0 control without glass yarn 106, 16.7 19.6 0.85 23.6 23.3 2.1 3.9 9.6 1.6 3.3 8.9 4.7 5.5 HM 684 232g a3 table 3 basis weight (g/m2) thickness reinforcement (millimeters) testing bitumen with load of 4 - DAA elongation of SL (%) (%) - shrinkage testing bitumen with load of 7 DAA .SL elongation (%) - - (%) width shrinkage test specimens: 10 cm test with control without glass yarns glass yarns 4 107,106 0.45 0.48 0.7 1.9 0, 0.5 1.3 3.7 0, 1 table basis weight (g/m2) thickness reinforcement (MW) thermal shrinkage 200 °c - 10 'of SL (%) thermal shrinkage 200 °c - 10' - CD (%) creep (200 °c - 15') under 8 DAA .SL elongation (%) - - (%) shrinkage test specimens width: 20 cm along direction of SL==cross direction CD test with control without glass yarns glass yarns 1 o7 106, 0.45 0.48 0.7 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.4 2.4 0.5 1.7