PROCEDURE AND ARRANGEMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LIQUID AND GASEOUS HYDROCARBONS FROM AUTOMOBILE TIRES

The invention concerns a procedure and an arrangement for the production of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons. The profitable overestimation of old automobile tires is so far encountered difficulties. One tried to separately burn the tires with the garbage or however s develop thereby harmful gases and steams, which lead to the pollution of air. Deposits in the ground lead to the lasting influence of the underground, also a carving up resume here not substantially and are besides with difficulty and expensive. Only a small percentage of the resulting tires with intact carcass can be used by Runderneuerung economically. Hiebei the peeled rubber is used as filler and for hard rubber production. i0 of the invention is the basis the task to indicate a procedure and performing with which it is possible not to only destroy the automobile tires but in a pollution free procedure into products to convert, yield yourself profitably further-use let and gesamtwirtsohaftlich large quantities oil save. In accordance with the invention automobile tires of commercial composition are thermally decomposed generally speaking and without pretreatment, by being led in continuous throughput from top to bottom by a smoldering zone. Preferably the gaseous and liquid hydrocarbons are sequentially distilled and/or rectified directly afterwards to the low temperature caronization, while the firm arrears are sequentially stated. The heating up of the automobile tires is preferably made using the gaseous and liquid hydrocarbons produced with the smoldering procedure or the arrears. The heating up of the tires can take place via indirect heating in one from above fed rehrförmigen furnace. It is also possible to make the heating up of the tires at least partially directly by a gas flow heated up rotating in the pipe. For heating thereby appropriately a part of the coal in the lower range of the pipe the available is burned. However only as much air supplied that the burn process, however no air remains maintaining into the smoldering zone penetrates. The invention can be understood thus also as application of a smoldering procedure with indirect or direct heating up of the smoldering property to the chemical dismantling and the dismantling of automobile tires. It is advisable, to the smoldering procedure of water gas processes and/or CO2 - reduction processes using carbon formed in the arrears to overlay. Under automobile tires all kinds of Automobiloder vehicle tire are of understanding Luftund solid tire those from Naturund/or art india rubber with textile inserts, Metalieinlagen and similar reinforcement predominantly exist in the sense of the invention. Or partly destroyed tires also damaged can be processed in the procedure of the invention. For certain cases it is advisable, to tires of same groups of compositions as e.g. with celanese carcass and polyester carcass to smolder tires with steel core separately. An arrangement for the execution of the procedure consists e.g. of a smoldering generator, that as the tire diameter adapted a perpendicularly standing steel tube is trained and at its upper end with a supply device hermetically locked by an oil bath, one or more connections for Destillierbzw. Rectifying column and at the lower end with a Entnahmevorriohtung for the resulting coal is provided. The supply device is trained e.g. syphonartig and contains an oil bath, into which the tires are inserted from above, so that itself the internal tree with Ö! fills. The tires are then moved so upward on a diagonal surface the inside the furnace that the oil flows back also from the interior of the tire and thus also no oil is transported into the smoldering pipe. The tires arrive then the inside the steel tube and move under the force of gravity or by a conveyer system under heating up and softening into the actual smoldering zone, in which them breiförmig under delivery of the volatile materials are smoldered. If the smoldering temperature is with 200 to 400°C, then essentially only oils and volatile gases are separated, while the sulfur remains in the solid substance. If the heating takes place on over about 420°C, then also the sulfur in gas form is eliminated and can be recovered by condensation. The solid materials walk in the lower part of the pipe downward and from a promotion device, a swivelling Saheibe or a conveyor or an auger outward are e.g. removed. The heating of the steel tube can take place from the outside, as hot air or other gases of a burner is led by a pit, which surrounds the pipe and which outward by a warm-damming lining is shielded. Inside the pipe a small positive pressure preferably prevails, so that air cannot penetrate by the removal arrangement of the coal from the outside. The exhausted hot coal preferably serves after heat exchange for the preliminary heating burner air. i0 target the smoldering generator for the change of the forming hydrocarbons with strong positive pressure to be operated, is appropriately used to place of the Syphons a mechanical air-lock for bringing in and Förderund Druckausgleiohschnecke for the yield of the substances at the smoldering pipe. Furthermore in the top of the pipe an opening with an air-lock can be intended, in order to introduce additives such as lime or other Zuschläge, which affects the smoldering procedure, and in desired way to lead. The heating up of the tires for the purposes of smoldering can be made also completely or partially by burn of the resulting gas and/or carbon. For this purpose in the lower part of the pipe a burn zone is formed, to which constantly in such a way from the outside a given Luftoder oxygen quantity is supplied. that burns gas or carbon and the incineration gases the smoldering pipe from the outside warm up it can be also desirable to increase the heating of the forming coal to over 1000°C in order to overlay the Sehwelvorgang at the same time by injecting from water vapour and/or COz Wasserzasprozesse and/or CO2-Reduktionsprozesse to. In the designs two remark examples of a device are represented for the execution of the procedure. Fig.l shows a plant, which works with an indirect heating of the Sehwelrohres; Fig.2 shows the lowest part of the smoldering pipe in connection with performing, which make a direct and indirect heating up possible of the Sehwelgutes under burn-up of partial substances. The plant of the Fig.l contains a smoldering pipe --I--, e.g. from steel, whose inside diameter is so limited that the tires of normal diameter find stacked on top of one another therein place. In the distance from the smoldering pipe is a shroud --2--, which is heat insulating developed. The distance between the jacket pipe --2-- and the pipe --I-- it is so limited that heated gases up of a burner --3-- around the pipe streiohen upward can. The gases leave the area between the pipe --i-- and the coat --2-- by a departure --4--. The pipe --i-- is above by a wall --5-- locked, which stands with a Zuführungsvorriohtung in connection. Into this wall is an air-lock --29-- inserted, by the additives or catalysts for the influence or line of the smoldering procedure are importable. The supply contains a tubular container --6--, that with the pipe --I-- over a line --7-- with rectangular cross section in connection stands. The pipe --6-- and the line --7-- are with an oil --8-- filled, its mirrors --9-- is suggested. To the supply of the tires --13dient a grip arm --10--, in that a tire is hung up in each case and that the tires --13-- downward into the oil bath in-moves, so that the inside of the tire fills with oil and air can escape by bending the tire bead upward. At the reason of the oil bath tires present --13-- becomes then by a Stoßvorrichtung --ii-- diagonally upward by the line --7-- through-moves, how the Ö! from the inside of the tire --13-- and the tire bead flows off so far by a Drehvorriehtung provided with hooks --12-- it is opened that no Ölrsste remains in helping. The turn of the device --12-- can with the Vorschubbew8gung of the Sto! Svorrichtung --11-- so synchronized its that only in each case the rear end of the tire 58 is seized by the hook of the lathe fixture. The tire --13-- sees itself then on a pile of tires, that puts inside the pipe --I-- trains. To the pipe --i-- lines are in the top --14 and 14a-- for the developing volatile materials attached, those by valves --14b and 14c-- are controllable. They lead to a condensing, Rektifizierund distilling column --15, 16--, cooled and possibly heated also in sections easily for the optimal separation of sulfur, waxes, oils and other materials by appropriate lines, simmering highly and, lead. The gaseous components become by a line --17-- to the subsequent treatment exhausted. With the enterprise the tires become --13-- so far it warms up that it itself in the smoldering zone --18-- soften and hydrocarbons in an educated manner to be decomposed. The remaining firm components --19-- predominantly consist of porous carbon and fillers, those with the help of a withdrawal device --20-- for that bore --1-- are taken. This device consists e.g. of a swivelling, slowly rotating plate --20-- with stripper, on which the firm components become outward led l0. Within the range of the withdrawal device safety ignition flames burn --19a--, which by positive pressure in the smoldering pipe or unsatisfactory degassing at the discharge ignite and separate withdrawing fixed gases. The lower part of the Schwelanlage is in the place --21-- broken off represented and can be replaced by a device represented in Fig.2, which serves for partial direct heating of the smoldering property. During this device becomes by a circular nozzle tube --22-- Air or a sauersteffhaltiges gas of a burn zone --26-- supplied, so that in the lower part of the pipe --1-- burn carbon the available partly, as well as fixed gases. Hiebei is led by radiation and thermal conduction a part of the heat directly into the smoldering zone of fusion, while the exhaust gases the smoldering pipe --1-- heat indirectly. A part of the wall of the smoldering pipe is with openings --27-- provided, which e.g. form appropriate ring rust for the pipe diameter. The inner surface of the ring rust forms the burn-up surface, those by the nachsehiebende smoldering property by wind guide plates --28-- with air it is supplied and heated in such a way possibly additionally with gas burner that the exhaust gas away from the ring rust into the area of the steam jacket --2-- the upper smoldering pipe flows. Hiebei becomes by adjusting the positive pressure in the smoldering pipe --I-- a penetration of air the inside the pipe --1-- avoided. With higher smoldering tubing printing also carbonization gas can be through outward led for the support of the burn-up of the coal by these. It can be appropriate, by Zufübrungsdüsen --23-- Water vapour at the carbon annealing zone to introduce to be reduced in order to obtain a decomposition of steam, as it from the gas producer technology admits is or from the exhaust gas of gewennenes C02 at hot carbon. For the supply of air is a blower --24-- planned, while the removal of the coal quantities by a belt conveyor, falling downward --25-- to take place can. One points out that the described smoldering procedures can be completed also in a general manner in horizontal rotary kilns or intermittent working Schwelkammern. In the case of a remark example, with which commercial automobile tires were subjected to the smoldering, gas mixtures of the following composition resulted in the case of 2 samples: Sample 1 sample 2 (VOL. - %) (VOL. - %) Oz 0.07 0.7 N2 1.1,2.7 CO 12.0 13.0 COz 30.0 21.0 H2 4.7,5.1 methane 12.0 14.0 methane 4.0,4.3 ethylen 7.7,6.7 propane 2.9,3.1 Isebutan and propylene 3.3,3.7 I0 sample i sample 2 (VOL. - %) (VOL. - %) N-But at 1,0 i, 0 buten (1) 1.0,1.0 ISO butane and ISO pentane 1.4,1.7 tr to Buten (2) i, 0,0.9 n-Pent at 0,4,0.3 cis Buten (2) 0.7,0.5 2-Methylbuten (i) 0.4,0.4 butadiene 1.8,1.1 remainder further not identified components the examination of the liquid and solid materials the following C-Zahlverteilung resulted in: C6 13.0% C-IL 15.0% C-16 3.0% C7 7.0% C-12 18.0% C-17 2.0% C8 10.0% C-13 7.0% C-18 1.0% C9 2.0% C-14 14.0% C-19 0.3% C-10 12.0% C-15 4.0% C-20 0.5% iodine number after buyer: 221/222; Hydrogenation number: 454/450. Nr.359038